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A possibility of compressing coastal morphological data by a wavelet transform was investigated. This was motivated by our intention to use Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) to simulate or predict the evolution of coastal morphology. ANN models for the above purpose should use the bathymetry measurements through a number of cross shore profiles for simulation or prediction, which consequently would cause the dimensionality dilemma in the input space. Therefore, a wavelet transform was chosen as an alternative method for a data compression.Wavelet analysis is a signal processing technique, which captures the time varying frequencies. A profile data is transformed into coefficients of high or low frequency components for different level of wavelet decomposition tree, from which the original profile can be restored back. The data reduction is realized, when the low frequency component coefficients after some level of wavelet decomposition would represent the profile. Thus, depending on the complexity of the profile shape and level of the decompositions, it is possible to reduce the data points of the profile several times.The reconstruction of the original data from up to the fourth level of approximation coefficients was reasonably accurate and at the same time the profile data was reduced to a permissible number as input to the ANN model for prediction. The reconstruction error will further be compared to those of Principal Component Analysis. The study has proven the wavelet transform to be a possible alternative of data reduction for the considered case.
The accessibility to accurate, real-time information is vital in times of flooding. The availability of such information is important not only to mitigate the losses due to flood damage but more importantly, the saving of human lives as well. This paper presents the results of an engineering study on flood inundation, with the aim of providing (i) accurate information (for e.g. escape routes, flood arrival times etc.); and (ii) accessibility to this information via the internet. A case study was carried out for the Polder Mehrum area, which is situated along the River Rhine in Germany. The study investigates the inundation process resulting from a dyke breach. Inundation is first simulated using a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model, solving the shallow water equations using the finite element method.Next, the computed results from the hydrodynamic model and other essential information including infrastructure, land-use etc. are combined in a GIS-based digital terrain model, using a commercially available GIS software, ArcGIS.This information is then put on a web server and the data made available via the internet. We use the ArcIMS software for distributing the GIS data and applications over the internet. ArcIMS supports both HTML and Java client viewers which greatly enhances the performance of many operations. In addition, advantage can also be taken of new wireless technology, like hand held P.C.s, which would greatly increase the mobility of users while at the same time, maintaining the same level of access to information. It is envisaged that this methodology would allow the relevant authorities better real-time access to vital information which would aid in developing emergency and evacuation plans. On a local level, such information can also be used as an educational tool for citizens. This study forms part of a wider project investigating flood management in the polder areas along the Rhine.
The mathematical modelling of almost any natural process is highly sensitive with respect to the model input data. The issue of the input data series for the prognostic morphodynamic nearshore calculations is addressed in the paper. Non-linear morphodynamic response to the windwave-waterlevel forcing requires providing nearly-natural input data series for performing forecast simulations. Further, the quantifying of the severeness of the provided data sets is essential to distinguish typical and critical prognostic scenarios.A closed approach is proposed aiming to replace widespread praxis of using "representative"
For the management of disastrous flood events in rivers a variety of measures from warning to protection and eventually rescue has to be taken. Involved in these measures are experts from crisis management as well as members from supporting organisations, stakeholders and finally the citizens. All involved partners have to communicate to find proper decisions during the management of crisis situations. The process will be facilitated if education and training beforehand raise awareness to the risk potential in the area.Management of flood situations becomes, beside technical matters, a problem of information handling and dissemination. Conventional technologies are overcome. The emerging Information and Communication Technology (ICT) offers new potential and might even influence existing concepts at many sites.The paper deals with results from analysis of existing warning and crisis management systems at three sites. It aims at the design of an innovative solution utilising ICT as far as reasonable. The findings are integrated into a pilot software system adapted to the particular situation as given for the city of Frankfurt/Oder in the downstream part of the River Oder. The software solution is based on Internet accessible services for information distribution and collection, for warning risk prone citizens and for administrating rescue and protection services and materials. Flexibility is supported by utilisation of mobile communication technology. In the paper the software concept will be outlined, the covered features briefly described and the structure of information outlined. The software installed at Frankfurt/Oder will allow demonstration of the system within the Internet environment.
To support collaborative simulation processes on common hydro-science and -engineering projects in research and education, distributed numerical simulation environments are needed. For single task in collaborative working processes on water related engineering, a number of hydroinformatics tools have been developed. These hydroinformatics tools integrate geographical information systems (GIS), visualization, net communication, database management systems and numerical simulation software. Examples are tools usable for dynamic interactive WWW-documents, distributed and interactive visualization tools and the online linkage of WWW-applications to GIS-modules.Advanced numerical simulation environments serving completely distributed working processes demand a distributed www-based information management to allow the online information sharing. Therefore, the traditional principle of information exchange has to be extended by the principle of information sharing. Dedicated WWW-based tools for online editing input information of simulation software (such as topography editors, initial and boundary condition editors), online controlling simulation software and online visualization and documentation of simulation results are needed. Within a joint German-Taiwanese research project, a prototype of a distributed numerical simulation environment based on a common shared information base is developed and applied in water related engineering projects in research and education.In the contribution to the conference, the concept of distributed numerical simulation environments, focussing on the shared information base as core component, will be explained. Its application in 2D hydrodynamics will be shown on examples from river and coastal engineering. The societal impacts of the new information sharing paradigm compared to the traditional information exchange approach will be explained and demonstrated.