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Crises such as the Fukushima incident in Japan showed the demand for flexible and easy-to-use monitoring and communication systems to support post-disaster management (i.e. the organization of actions in the follow-up of disasters), especially when critical infrastructure is affected. Such systems can effectively only be realized with a merging of various device classes and the integration of mobile actors and wireless communication technologies to provide the necessary flexibility. This article introduces a system design that combines portable hand-held devices as well as autonomous sensors through XMPP with the flexibility of cloud services to support post-disaster management. This combination provides the communication between the different involved parties (e.g., rescue teams, relief forces, NGOs) and enables a global view on sensed data through the use of cloud-based storage and analysis services. Along with a discussion about requirements and a description of appropriate solutions and initial evaluations, we present new insights on the practical appliance of XMPP and potential enhancements for XMPP-based real life collaboration applications in hybrid (ad hoc and infrastructure) networkscenarios.We also show that resource constrained devices can run the XMPP protocol to extend smartphones with sensors or to connect different device classes in a seamless way.
This paper introduces a new IEEE 802.15.4 simulation model for OMNeT++ / INET. 802.15.4 is an important underlying standard for wireless sensor networks and Internet of Things scenarios. The presented implementation is designed to be compatible with OMNeT++ 4.x and INET 2.x and laid-out to be expandable for newer revisions of the 802.15.4 standard.
Evaluations of Internet of Things (IoT) and Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) applications demonstrate the significant and still existing gap between examinations with generic simulation environments and real-life (e.g., field test) or controlled (e.g., testbed) sensor network deployments in terms of realistic and accurate results. The separated use of single examination approaches is often not enough to overcome all evaluation challenges. We therefore propose a combination of discrete-event simulation, radio-channel emulation, and real hardware working together on different layers of the protocol stack of the system-under-test. Our combined approach reduces the gap between abstract simulations and network testbed experiments by providing adjustable radio conditions for repeatable evaluations of WSN and IoT networks.
Communication with smart objects currently only works in isolated, sometimes even proprietary islands. This lack of interoperability limits the value of smart objects connected to the Internet of Things (IoT). We propose to use the eXtensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP) to connect IoT islands. XMPP is inherently federated, secure, globally scalable and designed for collaboration. We use XMPP Multi-User Chat (MUC) to build a secure and accessible platform for sensor data exchange between organizations. We demonstrate a scenario of three distributed and interconnected XMPP-driven sites, whereas different client types access sensor data from all sites. Our evaluation results confirm that the architectural pattern presented in this work can easily be used in any XMPP-based system without the need to enhance or to extend the standards.