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Studies on the deposition of copper in lithium-ion batteries during the deep discharge process

  • End-of-life lithium-ion batteries represent an important secondary raw material source for nickel, cobalt, manganese and lithium compounds in order to obtain starting materials for the production of new cathode material. Each process step in recycling must be performed in such a way contamination products on the cathode material are avoided or reduced. This paper is dedicated to the first step of each recycling process, the deep discharge of lithium-ion batteries, as a prerequisite for the safe opening and disassembling. If pouch cells with different states of charge are connected in series and deep-discharged together, copper deposition occurs preferably in the cell with the lower charge capacity. The current forced through the cell with a low charge capacity leads, after lithium depletion in the anode and the collapse of the solid-electrolyte-interphase (SEI) to a polarity reversal in which the copper collector of the anode is dissolved and copper is deposited on the cathode surface. Based on measurements of the temperature, voltageEnd-of-life lithium-ion batteries represent an important secondary raw material source for nickel, cobalt, manganese and lithium compounds in order to obtain starting materials for the production of new cathode material. Each process step in recycling must be performed in such a way contamination products on the cathode material are avoided or reduced. This paper is dedicated to the first step of each recycling process, the deep discharge of lithium-ion batteries, as a prerequisite for the safe opening and disassembling. If pouch cells with different states of charge are connected in series and deep-discharged together, copper deposition occurs preferably in the cell with the lower charge capacity. The current forced through the cell with a low charge capacity leads, after lithium depletion in the anode and the collapse of the solid-electrolyte-interphase (SEI) to a polarity reversal in which the copper collector of the anode is dissolved and copper is deposited on the cathode surface. Based on measurements of the temperature, voltage drop and copper concentration in the electrolyte at the cell with the originally lower charge capacity, the point of dissolution and incipient deposition of copper could be identified and a model of the processes during deep discharge could be developed.show moreshow less

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Metadaten
Author: Thomas LangnerORCiD, Tim Sieber, Jörg AckerORCiDGND
URL:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-85575-x
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-85575-x
ISSN:2045-2322
Title of the source (English):Scientific Reports
Document Type:Scientific journal article peer-reviewed
Language:English
Year of publication:2021
Tag:REM-EXD; continuum source AAS; discharge; lithium ion battery; recycling
Issue number:11
Article number:6316
Faculty/Chair:Fakultät 2 Umwelt und Naturwissenschaften / FG Physikalische Chemie
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