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Chromium Trihalides CrX₃(X = Cl, Br, I): Direct Deposition of Micro‐ and Nanosheets on Substrates by Chemical Vapor Transport

  • The experimental observation of intrinsic ferromagnetism in single layered chromium trihalides CrX₃ (X = Cl, Br, I) has gained outstanding attention recently due to their possible implementation in spintronic devices. However, the reproducible preparation of highly crystalline chromium(III) halide nanolayers without stacking faults is still an experimental challenge. As chromium trihalides consist of adjacent layers with weak interlayer coupling, the preparation of ultrathin CrX₃ nanosheets directly on substrates via vapor transport proves as an advantageous synthesis technique. It is demonstrated that vapor growth of ultrathin highly crystalline CrX₃ micro‐ and nanosheets succeeds directly on yttrium stabilized zirconia substrates in a one‐step process via chemical vapor transport (CVT) in temperature gradients of 100 K (600°C → 500°C for CrCl₃ and 650°C → 550°C for CrBr₃ or CrI₃) without a need for subsequent delamination. Due to simulation results, optimization of synthesis conditions is realized and phase pure CrX₃ nanosheetsThe experimental observation of intrinsic ferromagnetism in single layered chromium trihalides CrX₃ (X = Cl, Br, I) has gained outstanding attention recently due to their possible implementation in spintronic devices. However, the reproducible preparation of highly crystalline chromium(III) halide nanolayers without stacking faults is still an experimental challenge. As chromium trihalides consist of adjacent layers with weak interlayer coupling, the preparation of ultrathin CrX₃ nanosheets directly on substrates via vapor transport proves as an advantageous synthesis technique. It is demonstrated that vapor growth of ultrathin highly crystalline CrX₃ micro‐ and nanosheets succeeds directly on yttrium stabilized zirconia substrates in a one‐step process via chemical vapor transport (CVT) in temperature gradients of 100 K (600°C → 500°C for CrCl₃ and 650°C → 550°C for CrBr₃ or CrI₃) without a need for subsequent delamination. Due to simulation results, optimization of synthesis conditions is realized and phase pure CrX₃ nanosheets with thicknesses ≤25 nm are obtained via short term CVT. The nanosheets morphology, crystallinity, and phase purity are analyzed by several techniques, including microscopy, diffraction, and spectroscopy. Furthermore, a potential subsequent delamination technique is demonstrated to give fast access to CrX₃ monolayers using the example of CrCl₃ .show moreshow less

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Author: Martin GrönkeORCiD, Benjamin Buschbeck, Peer SchmidtORCiD, Martin ValldorORCiD, Steffen Oswald, Qi HaoORCiD, Axel LubkORCiD, Daniel WolfORCiD, Udo SteinerORCiD, Bernd BüchnerORCiD, Silke HampelORCiD
URL:https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/admi.201901410
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.201901410
ISSN:2196-7350
Title of the source (English):Advanced Materials Interfaces
Document Type:Scientific journal article peer-reviewed
Language:English
Year of publication:2019
Tag:2D layered compounds; Chemical vapor transport; Crystal growth; Halides; Nanocrystals; Thermodynamic modeling
Volume/Year:6
Issue number:24
Number of pages:11
Article number:1901410
Faculty/Chair:Fakultät 2 Umwelt und Naturwissenschaften / FG Anorganische Chemie
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