TY - GEN A1 - Zheng, Xizhong A1 - Rettinger, Robert A1 - Braunmühl, Burchard von T1 - Effectively absolute continuity and effective Jordan decomposability T2 - Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science Y1 - 2002 SN - 1571-0661 N1 - Proceedings of CCA 2002, July 12 - 13, Malaga, Spain VL - 66 IS - 1 SP - 213 EP - 224 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pflanz, Matthias A1 - Vierhaus, Heinrich Theodor T1 - Online Check and Recovery Techniques for Depandable Embedded Processors T2 - IEEE micro Y1 - 2001 SN - 0272-1732 VL - 21 IS - 5 SP - 24 EP - 40 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Felgenhauer, Ursula T1 - Weak and strong optimality conditions for constrained control problems with discontinuous control T2 - Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications Y1 - 2001 SN - 0022-3239 VL - 2 IS - 110 SP - 361 EP - 387 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Felgenhauer, Ursula T1 - Structural properties and approximation of optimal controls Y1 - 2001 SN - 0362-546X VL - 47 IS - 3 SP - 1869 EP - 1880 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Felgenhauer, Ursula T1 - On smoothness properties and approximability of optimal control functions T2 - Annals of Operations Research Y1 - 2001 SN - 0254-5330 SN - 1572-9338 VL - 101 IS - 1 SP - 23 EP - 42 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Arndt, Michael A1 - Kiesewetter, Lothar T1 - Coded Labels with Amorphous Magnetoelastic Resonators T2 - IEEE Transactions on Magnetics KW - Coded Labels KW - Amorphous Magnetoelastic Resonators Y1 - 2002 SN - 1941-0069 VL - 38 IS - 5 SP - 3374 EP - 3376 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Martin, Bernd A1 - Hirsch, Tobias T1 - Deformation with sections: Cotangent cohomology, flatnes conditions and modular germs T2 - arXiv.org : (math.CV) Y1 - 2003 UR - http://arxiv.org/pdf/math/0306281v1.pdf ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schnitzlein, Klaus A1 - Otto, Olaf T1 - Thermowaage zur reaktionstechnischen Untersuchung heterogener Katalysatoren T2 - Chemie Ingenieur Technik Y1 - 2000 SN - 0009-286X SN - 1522-2640 VL - 72 IS - 6 SP - 631 EP - 633 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schnitzlein, Klaus A1 - Otto, Olaf T1 - Thermobalance for Kinetic Investigations of Heterogeneous Catalysts T2 - Chemical engineering & technology Y1 - 2001 VL - 24 IS - 9 SP - 894 EP - 897 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Eisfeld, Bernhard A1 - Schnitzlein, Klaus T1 - The influence of confining walls on the pressure drop in packed beds T2 - Chemical Engineering Science Y1 - 2001 SN - 0009-2509 VL - 56 IS - 14 SP - 4321 EP - 4329 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schnitzlein, Klaus T1 - The Impact of Fluid Dynamics on the Regeneration of Automotive Fiber Coil Filters III. Nonuniform Fluid Distribution T2 - Chemical engineering & technology Y1 - 2001 SN - 0930-7516 SN - 1521-4125 VL - 24 IS - 12 SP - 1281 EP - 1287 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schnitzlein, Klaus T1 - A Note on Factorial Designs for Kinetic Investigations of Heterogeneous Catalytic Reactions in Differential Recycle Reactors T2 - Chemical engineering & technology Y1 - 2002 SN - 0930-7516 SN - 1521-4125 VL - 25 IS - 8 SP - 819 EP - 822 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Saulich, Katja A1 - Schnitzlein, Klaus T1 - On-line Monitoring der lipase-katalysierten Hydrolyse von Rapsöl T2 - Forum der Forschung Y1 - 2002 SN - 0947-6989 VL - 15 IS - 8 SP - 57 EP - 60 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, Frank T1 - On the analytic continuation of $H$-surfaces across the free boundary T2 - Analysis KW - surfaces of prescribed mean curvatureanalytic continuation Y1 - 2002 SN - 0174-4747 VL - 22 IS - 2 SP - 201 EP - 218 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, Frank T1 - On the continuation of solutions for elliptic equations in two variables T2 - Analyse Non Linaire KW - elliptic partial differential equationsanalytic continuation Y1 - 2002 SN - 0294-1449 VL - 19 IS - 6 SP - 745 EP - 776 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, Frank T1 - Analyticity of solutions for semilinear elliptic systems T2 - Calculus of Variations and Partial Differential Equations KW - elliptic systemsanalytic continuation Y1 - 2002 SN - 0944-2669 VL - 15 SP - 257 EP - 288 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schnitzlein, Klaus A1 - Ratte, Thomas T1 - The Impact of Fluid Dynamics on the Regeneration of Automative Fiber Coil Filters II. Direct and Indirect Interactions T2 - Chemical engineering & technology Y1 - 1998 SN - 0930-7516 SN - 1521-4125 VL - 21 IS - 2 SP - 179 EP - 186 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schnitzlein, Klaus A1 - Otto, Olaf T1 - Thermowaage mit intelligenter Gasdosiereinheit zur reaktionstechnischen Untersuchung heterogener Katalysatoren T2 - Chemie Ingenieur Technik Y1 - 1999 SN - 0009-286X SN - 1522-2640 VL - 71 IS - 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schöpke, Ralph A1 - Koch, Roland A1 - Ouerfelli, Indra A1 - Striemann, Angelika A1 - Preuß, Volker A1 - Regel, Ralf T1 - Anwendung des Neutralisationspotentials bei der Bilanzierung von Säure-Base-Reaktionen im Umfeld des Braunkohlebergbaues T2 - Grundwasser : Zeitschrift der Fachsektion Hydrogeologie in der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft (FH-DGG) N2 - Zur Beschreibung der Versauerung bergbaubeeinflußter Grund- und Oberflächenwässer der Lausitz wurde das aus dem Aciditätsbegriff abgeleitete Neutralisationspotential auf die verschiedenen im Kippengrundwasser ablaufenden Reaktionen angewandt. Die Säurebildung und -pufferung läßt sich dadurch auf nur drei elementare Reaktionen reduzieren: die Pyritoxidation/Sulfatreduktion, die Carbonatpufferung und das Gipsgleichgewicht. Diese Reaktionen wurden in einem Genesemodell zusammengefasst. Damit wurden Grundwasseranalysen im Umfeld des Bergbaus auf ihre Herkunft überprüft. Aus der statistischen Auswertung der Pufferung bergbaubeeinflußter Wässer lassen sich geochemische Modelle zur Berechnung des ursprünglichen Kippengrundwassers kalibrieren. Die hier vorgestellte Methodik wird gegenwärtig bei der Vorbereitung von Sanierungsmaßnahmen eingesetzt. KW - Pyritoxidation KW - Carbonatpufferung Y1 - 2001 SN - 1430-483X SN - 1432-1165 VL - 6 IS - 1 SP - 23 EP - 29 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nethe, Arnim A1 - Quast, Roland A1 - Stahlmann, Hanns-Dietrich T1 - Boundary Condition for High-Frequency Eddy Current Problems T2 - IEEE transactions on magnetics Y1 - 1998 SN - 0018-9464 VL - 34 IS - 5 SP - 3331 EP - 3334 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cura, Christian A1 - Pal, Josef A1 - Schubert, Rainer A1 - Ewert, Siegfried A1 - Fuchs, Günter A1 - Krabbes, Gernot T1 - Magnetostriction and Magnetoacoustic Measurements on pure and Zn-doped YBCO Crystals T2 - Physica C Y1 - 2003 SN - 0921-4534 VL - 388-389 SP - 261 EP - 262 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Felgenhauer, Ursula A1 - Wagner, Marcus T1 - Essential properties of L∞-functions T2 - Zeitschrift für Analysis und ihre Anwendungen Y1 - 1998 SN - 0232-2064 VL - 17 IS - 1 SP - 229 EP - 242 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Felgenhauer, Ursula T1 - Regularity properties of optimal controls with application to discrete approximation T2 - Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications Y1 - 1999 SN - 0022-3239 VL - 102 IS - 1 SP - 97 EP - 110 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hollerbach, Rainer A1 - Rüdiger, Günther T1 - The influence of Hall drift on the magnetic fields of neutron stars T2 - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Y1 - 2002 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-8711.2002.05905.x SN - 0035-8711 VL - 337 SP - 216 EP - 224 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Travnikov, Vadim A1 - Egbers, Christoph A1 - Hollerbach, Rainer T1 - GEOFLOW-experiment on ISS (part 2) : numerical simulation T2 - Advances in Space Research Y1 - 2002 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0273-1177(03)90249-3 SN - 0273-1177 VL - 32 IS - 2 SP - 181 EP - 189 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Beltrame, Philippe A1 - Hollerbach, Rainer A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - GEOFLOW-experiment on ISS (part 3): Bifurcation analysis Y1 - 2002 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0273-1177(03)90250-X SN - 0273-1177 VL - 32 IS - 2 SP - 191 EP - 197 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reif, Jürgen A1 - Schneider, Thomas A1 - Wolfframm, Dirk A1 - Schmid, Reiner P. T1 - Femtosecond nonlinear optical characterisation of silicon wafers: the role of symmetry T2 - Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing Y1 - 2001 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369800100001669 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1369-8001(00)00166-9 SN - 1369-8001 VL - 4 IS - 1-3 SP - 241 EP - 243 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Hannebauer, Dina T1 - Wie wirkungsvoll sind Flanschstreben bei der Stabilisierung von Riegeln? T2 - Bauingenieur Y1 - 2001 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 76 IS - 10 SP - 444 EP - 447 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Skov, Knud A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut T1 - Antennenturm Habichtsberg - ein Beispiel für Bauwerkserhaltung T2 - Bauingenieur Y1 - 2001 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 76 IS - 2 SP - 92 EP - 94 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jöchner, Cornelia T1 - Architektur als politische Praxis. Die Räume der Stadt und ihre Grenzen T2 - Wolkenkuckucksheim : internationale Zeitschrift für Theorie und Wissenschaft der Architektur Y1 - 2001 SN - 1430-8363 VL - 6 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Böhme, O. A1 - Lloyd Spetz, Anita A1 - Lundström, Ingemar A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Nanoparticles as the Active Element of High-Temperature Metal-Insulator-Silicon Carbide Gas Sensors T2 - Advanced Materials Y1 - 2001 SN - 1521-4095 SN - 0935-9648 VL - 13 IS - 8 SP - 597 EP - 601 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gürek, A. G. A1 - Appel, Günter A1 - Mikalo, Ricardo Pablo A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Synthesis of dihydroxy silicon phthalocyanine tetrasulfonic acid and poly-µ-oxo silicon phthalocyanine tetrasulfonic acid T2 - Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines Y1 - 2001 SN - 1099-1409 SN - 1088-4246 VL - 5 IS - 10 SP - 751 EP - 757 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Oprea, A. A1 - Paloumpa, Ioanna A1 - Appel, Günter A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Kamieth, P. T1 - Selective polypyrrole electrodes for quartz microbalances : NO2 and gas flux sensitivities T2 - Sensors and Actuators : B, Chemical 76(2001)1-3 Y1 - 2001 SN - 0925-4005 VL - 76 IS - 1-3 SP - 124 EP - 129 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoffmann, Patrick A1 - Mikalo, Ricardo Pablo A1 - Yfantis, Alexandros D. A1 - Batchelor, David R. A1 - Appel, Günter A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - A Spectro-Microscopic Approach for Thin Film Analysis Grain Boundaries in mc-Si and Sn/SnO2 Nano Particles T2 - Microchimica Acta Y1 - 2001 SN - 1436-5073 SN - 0026-3672 VL - 136 IS - 3-4 SP - 109 EP - 113 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Köhler, Jan A1 - Schmitt, Mechthild A1 - Krumbeck, Hartwig A1 - Kapfer, Maria A1 - Litchman, Elena A1 - Neale, P. J. T1 - Effects of UV on carbon assimilation of phytoplankton in a mixed water column T2 - Aquatic Sciences Y1 - 2001 SN - 1015-1621 VL - 63 IS - 3 SP - 294 EP - 309 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schnitzlein, Klaus T1 - Modelling radial dispersion in terms of the local structure of packed beds T2 - Chemical Engineering Science Y1 - 2001 SN - 0009-2509 VL - 56 IS - 2 SP - 579 EP - 585 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müssig, Hans-Joachim A1 - Dabrowski, Jarek Marek A1 - Hinrich, S. T1 - Formation of atomically smooth, ultrathin oxides on Si(113) T2 - Solid state electronics Y1 - 2001 SN - 0038-1101 VL - 45 IS - 8 SP - 1219 EP - 1231 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Grilli, Marco T1 - Influence of incommensurate dynamic charge-density wave scattering on the line shape of supersonducting high-Tc cuprates T2 - Physical review : B Y1 - 2001 SN - 1098-0121 IS - 22 SP - S. 224505 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Skeide, Michael T1 - Dilations, product systems and weak dilations T2 - Mathematical Notes KW - Hilbert module KW - product system KW - weak dilation KW - white noise KW - von Neumann algebra Y1 - 2002 SN - 0001-4346 VL - 71 IS - 5-6 SP - 836 EP - 843 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hochstättler, Winfried A1 - Oertel, Peter T1 - Some Results on a Paint Shop Problem for Words T2 - Electronic Notes in Discrete Mathematics Y1 - 2001 SN - 1571-0653 IS - 8 SP - 31 EP - 33 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mudelsee, Manfred A1 - Börngen, Michael A1 - Tetzlaff, Gerd A1 - Grünewald, Uwe T1 - No upward trends in the occurence of extreme floods in central Europe T2 - Nature : international journal of science Y1 - 2003 SN - 0028-0836 VL - 425 SP - 166 EP - 169 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Ulrich A1 - Häusler, Tobias A1 - Rogaß, Harald A1 - Rottmann, M. A1 - Kraft, A. A1 - Heckner, K.-H. T1 - Heat Transport and Thermal Expansion of Electrochromic Glazing Systems due to Solar Irradiation T2 - International Journal of Thermophysics Y1 - 2003 SN - 1572-9567 N1 - Fifteenth Symposium on Thermophysical Properties, Boulder 2003 VL - 25 IS - 4 SP - 1299 EP - 1307 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lewerenz, Hans-Joachim A1 - Aggour, Mohammed A1 - Murrell, Chris A1 - Kanis, M. A1 - Jungblut, H. A1 - Jakubowicz, J. A1 - Cox, P. A. A1 - Campbell, S. A. A1 - Hoffmann, Patrick A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Initial stages of structure formation on silicon electrodes investigated by photoelectron spectroscopy using synchrotron radiation and in-situ atomic force microscopy T2 - Journal of the Electrochemical Society N2 - The surface condition of electrochemically H-terminated Si is compared with the situation at the first photocurrent maximum in dilute acidic ammonium fluoride solution where the divalent dissolution converts into the four-valence process. The first high spectral-resolution photoelectron spectroscopy data using synchrotron radiation of electrochemically hydrogenated Si are presented. A combined electrochemistry/ultrahigh vacuum surface analysis system, attached to the U 49/2 beamline at the synchrotron Bessy II, is used for photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) of the electrochemically conditioned samples. We analyze the Si 2p, O 1s, and F 1s core levels. A comparison of a density functional theory calculation of the reaction sequence, proposed in the dissolution model of Gerischer and co-workers, with the PES results supports this model. The anodized sample is characterized by a residual H coverage of 0.35 monolayers evidenced by a surface core level shift, Si-OH and Si-Fx species, F-, and a higher oxidized Si species. SiO2 is not found. Even on very well H-terminated surfaces, we find residual Si-OH complexes, fluoride and water. In situ atomic force microscopy shows a roughening with a root mean square roughness parameter of 2.6 nm. %A92003 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved. Y1 - 2003 SN - 1945-7111 VL - 150 IS - 3 SP - E185 EP - E189 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoffmann, Patrick A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Roters, G. A1 - Nenyei, Z. T1 - Non-destructive probing of interfacial oxidation and nitridation states at RTA Si-oxides T2 - Thin Solid Films N2 - The quality of the SiO2/Si interface is of crucial importance in the development and performance of sub 0.1 small mu, Greekm technologies. The knowledge of the chemical composition of the interface is an important piece of information in the preparation of ultra-thin oxides and high-k dielectrics, in order to maintain a high-quality interface and channel mobility. Here we report on investigations of 2 nm oxide layers formed by a RTP process under various gas mixtures containing N2O and NH3 at different concentrations. We studied the SiO2/Si(001) interface by a non-destructive depth profiling using Synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy. We determine the thickness of the oxide layer, the relative content and chemical state of nitrogen within the oxide, the thickness of the interface layer, and the relative abundance of Si intermediate oxides within. In all systems we find the thickness of the intermediate layer to be approximately 0.17 nm. The intermediate layer contains Si atoms in the oxidation states +1, +2 and +3 with similar relative abundance. Nitrogen is found predominantly close to the intermediate layer forming Si---N as well as Si---N---O bonds. Within the oxide there are only spurious nitrogen content with predominately Si---N---O bonds. Our method is able to detect a nitrogen content within the intermediate layer as low as approximately 5%. KW - Silicon KW - Oxynitride KW - N20 KW - NH3 KW - Photoelectron spectroscopy KW - Ultrathin oxide Y1 - 2003 SN - 0040-6090 VL - 428 IS - 1-2 SP - 216 EP - 222 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, Klaus A1 - Burkov, Yevgen A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - PEEM and my-NEXAFS of Cu-In-S2-surfaces T2 - Thin Solid Films N2 - Polycrystalline CuInS2 samples are an ideal system for photoemission electron microscope studies. The polycrystalline grains have a diameter of approximately 5 small mu, Greekm and the system is expected to be highly inhomogeneous because of the existence of many sub-phases. We used a recently established procedure to reproducibly obtain stoichiometric CuInS2-surfaces and follow the changes in the morphology, the elemental inhomogeneous distribution, and the development of the electronic structure upon its preparation. We find that the individual grains trend to coagulate, the surface composition becomes more homogeneous, and identify characteristic features of the unoccupied DOS. KW - CuInS2 films KW - Annealing-process KW - PEEM KW - small mu KW - NEXAFS Y1 - 2003 SN - 0040-6090 VL - 431-432 SP - 307 EP - 311 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Valence states of poly(3-hexyl-thiophene) as probed by photoelectron spectra at resonant excitation T2 - Synthetic Metals N2 - Photoelectron spectroscopy employing synchrotron radiation is applied to learn about the electronic structure of regio-regular poly(3-hexyl-thiophene) (P3hT). We study the valence band photoelectron spectra around the carbon 1s threshold. This technique is equivalent to resonant excitation of core electrons into empty valence states. We probe the properties of these carriers in the conduction band and also learn about valence band states involved in the carbon (K L L) Auger transitions. The data give evidence that monomeric orbital energies are dominating in such processes. We conclude that poly(3-hexyl-thiophene) is a polymer with a rather short conjugation length. KW - Resonant photoelectron spectroscopy KW - Semi-conducting polymers KW - Organic field effect Y1 - 2003 SN - 0379-6779 VL - 138 IS - 1-2 SP - 135 EP - 140 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, Klaus A1 - Paloumpa, Ioanna A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Carbon-plot-microstructuring for all-polymer-transistors T2 - Synthetic Metals N2 - This contribution describes the use of a low-cost technology to produce organic microstructures for electronically applications. With a computer driven plotter, substrates like printing foil and colloidal graphite (diluted in water) for the electrodes, we realised channel lengths of 20±10 microm. Compared with transistor devices, fabricated using conventional photolithographic methods and the same semiconducting material, this technique is a hopeful approach to produce microelectronic structures that are low-cost and all-organic. KW - Ten micrometer carbon-plot KW - Organic field-effect-transistors KW - Low-cost-technique Y1 - 2003 SN - 0379-6779 VL - 138 IS - 1-2 SP - 271 EP - 273 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Riess, W. A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Organic Materials for Device Applications - Preface T2 - Synthetic Metals Y1 - 2003 SN - 0379-6779 VL - 138 IS - 1–2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Pressel, Klaus A1 - Yamamoto, Yuji A1 - Tillack, Bernd A1 - Krüger, D. T1 - Ge instabilities near interfaces in Si-SiGe-Si heterostructures T2 - Materials Science & Engineering B N2 - Compositional characterization of interfaces in Si-cap/SixGe1-x/Si heterostructures is an important topic in SiGe based advanced microelectronics and in quantum wells. Extremely high depth resolution is required to detect and optimize near-interface compositional gradients which are crucial for high circuit performance. We report on non-destructive, high-resolution, near-interface depth profiling using SR photoelectron spectroscopy at an undulator beamline. We measured the Ge content at the SixGe1-x interface towards the native SiO2 layer and investigated the influence of additional (1nm and 2nm) Si capping layers (Si-cap). For the uncapped samples we found near the oxide/ SiGe interface region a strong mixing of Ge-oxides and SiOx. This indicates a high instability of the Ge atoms at those interfaces while silicon capped (1nm, 2nm) SixGe1-x films are more stable. We detect sharp Ge concentration gradients within the first 1nm at the Si/SixGe1-x interface. These results open new possibilities for Ge profile optimization in Si-cap/SixGe1-x/Si heterostructures. In the Ge3d spectra we differentiate the Ge atoms to occupy three different lattice sites and are able to follow their relative occupation within the Ge gradient. KW - SiGe KW - Depth profiling KW - Interfaces KW - XPS Y1 - 2003 SN - 0921-5107 SN - 1873-4944 VL - 101 IS - 1-3 SP - 208 EP - 211 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Müssig, Hans-Joachim T1 - The Pr2O3 / Si (001) interface studied by synchrotron radiation photo-electron spectroscopy T2 - Solid State Electronics N2 - Pr2O3 is currently under consideration as a potential replacement for SiO2 as the gate-dielectric material for sub-0.1micro m complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology. We studied the Pr2O3/Si(0 0 1) interface by a non-destructive depth profiling using synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy. Our data suggests that there is no silicide formation at the interface. Based on reported results, a chemical reactive interface exists, consisting of a mixed Si-Pr oxide such as (Pr2O3)x(SiO2)1?x, i.e. as a silicate phase with variable silicon content. This pseudo-binary alloy at the interface offers large flexibility toward successful integration of Pr2O3 into future CMOS technologies. KW - High-k dielectric material KW - Pr2O3 KW - Interface KW - Silicate Y1 - 2003 SN - 0038-1101 VL - 47 IS - 10 SP - 1607 EP - 1611 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Irmscher, Klaus A1 - Wagner, Gerd T1 - Photoelectron spectra of Al dopants in 4H-SiC T2 - Materials Science & Engineering B N2 - Al-doped 4H-SiC epitaxial layers were grown in a hot-wall chemical vapor deposition (CVD) system on commercial 4H-SiC substrates (CREE). The incorporation of Aluminum has been studied in the concentration range from 2*1014cm-3 up to 3*1020cm-3. Epitaxial layers with doping concentration NA-ND> 1019cm-3 were studied by HV-TEM and synchrotron radiation investigations. In the concentration range from 1*1019cm-3 to 3*1020 cm-3, measured by SIMS and Hall investigations, no Aluminum precipitation were detected in the grown layers. For SiC samples with an Al concentration of 1020cm-3 we have been able to detect the Al2p photoemission signal. The Al2p signal is recorded through the oxide layer (thickness of about 0.4nm), it has a main contribution at a binding energy of 73eV which corresponds to the energy typical for elemental Al0. In spectra excited with higher photon energies the sampled photoelectrons originate from deeper layers. In these data we notice an additional shoulder in the Al2p signal at around 71eV. The evidence of two contributions is attributed to the fact that Al is incorporated at different lattice sites. As the latter data represent more bulk like properties we argue that Al in the bulk SiC occupies both, substitutional lattice sites and interstitial sites while in the surface near regions Al is found only at substitutional lattice sites. KW - Photoelectron KW - Spectra KW - 4H-SiC Y1 - 2003 SN - 0921-5107 SN - 1873-4944 VL - 102 IS - 1-3 SP - 284 EP - 288 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Müssig, Hans-Joachim T1 - Stability and electronic properties of silicates in the system SiO2 - Pr2O3 - Si(001) T2 - Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter N2 - Pr2O3 is one of the most promising hetero-oxides that are the candidates of choice to replace SiO2 as the gate dielectric material for sub-0.1 micrometer CMOS technology. In order to enable process integration, however, hetero-oxides require substantial characterization. In particular, the basic interaction mechanisms at the interface to the silicon substrate are the key issues. A solid knowledge of these mechanisms is required to address reliability arguments. The challenges in material science are to understand the chemical bonding of the hetero-oxides and Si on a microscopic scale. We report on the specific variations in the electronic structure which are evident in the valence band features around resonant excitation at the Pr 4d threshold. We also determine the valance band discontinuities at the Pr2O3/Si(001) interface and follow the changes in the surface potentials to develop a band scheme, a prerequisite to understanding the properties of charge transport across that interface. Y1 - 2004 SN - 1361-648X VL - 16 IS - 2 SP - 153 EP - 160 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Müssig, Hans-Joachim A1 - Dabrowski, Jarek Marek T1 - Silicate Layer Formation at the Pr2O3 / Si(001) Interfaces T2 - Applied Physics Letters N2 - We studied Pr2O3/Si(001) interfaces by synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy and by ab initio calculations. We show that the interface formed during molecular-beam epitaxy under the oxygen partial pressure above 1%D710-8 mbar consists of a mixed Si-Pr oxide, such as (Pr2O3)(SiO)x(SiO2)y. Neither an interfacial SiO2 nor an interfacial silicide is formed. The silicate formation is driven by a low energy of O in a PrOSi bond and by the strain in the subsurface SiOx layer. We expect that this natural interfacial Pr silicate will facilitate the integration of the high-k dielectric Pr2O3 into future complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor technologies. Y1 - 2004 SN - 1077-3118 VL - 85 IS - 1 SP - 88 EP - 90 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lewerenz, Hans-Joachim A1 - Murrell, Chris A1 - Jakubowicz, J. A1 - Aggour, Mohammed A1 - Kanis, M. A1 - Campbell, S. A. A1 - Cox, P. A. A1 - Hoffmann, Patrick A1 - Jungblut, H. A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - High Resolution Surface analysis of Si Roughenning in Dilute Ammonium Fluoride Solution T2 - Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry N2 - The initial stages of porous Si formation on Si(111) in dilute ammonium fluoride solution are analysed by photoelectron spectroscopy using synchrotron radiation (SRPES). The PES results in the por-Si formation regime partly support a recent dissolution model. The contribution from the Si 2p surface core level shift shows that 0.35 ML of the surface is still H-terminated after interruption of the conditioning process at the first photocurrent maximum. Two signals shifted in binding energy by 0.8 and 1 eV, respectively, are attributed to reaction intermediates expected from the proposed reaction mechanism and from theoretical calculations using density functional theory (DFT). A distinct roughening is found in in-situ AFM measurements, with a calculated RMS roughness parameter of 2.6 nm. KW - Porous Si KW - transistors KW - Electropolishing KW - Photoelectron spectroscopy KW - AFM KW - Synchrotron radiation Y1 - 2003 SN - 1873-2569 VL - 540 SP - 3 EP - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Appel, Günter A1 - Ade, H. A1 - Gürek, A. G. A1 - Stadler, S. A1 - Mikalo, Ricardo Pablo A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Orientation studies of Si-Phthalocyanines sulfonic acids cast on SiOx substrates T2 - Applied Physics / A N2 - Layers of dihydroxy silicon phthalocyanine tetrasulfonic acid and oligo-7-oxo silicon phthalocyanine tetrasulfonic acid were prepared by solution-casting methods. The purity of the material was checked by X-ray photoemission spectroscopy. The orientation of the molecules in respect to the substrate plane was investigated by angle-dependent near-edge X-ray absorption fine-structure spectroscopy. The morphology was characterized by atomic force microscopy. Most samples exhibited a significant orientation that was accompanied by crystalline structures; others had no orientation at all with a dominant amorphous morphology. This behavior indicates that several preparation parameters affect the crystallinity and the orientation of the phthalocyanines. Y1 - 2003 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s003390201320 SN - 1432-0630 VL - 76 IS - 2 SP - 177 EP - 182 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mudelsee, Manfred A1 - Börngen, Michael A1 - Tetzlaff, Gerd A1 - Grünewald, Uwe T1 - Extreme floods in central Europe over the past 500 years: Role of cyclone pathway "Zugstrasse Vb" T2 - Journal of geophysical research Y1 - 2004 SN - 0148-0227 VL - 109 IS - 23 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, Klaus A1 - Goryachko, Andriy A1 - Burkov, Yevgen A1 - Schwiertz, Carola A1 - Ratzke, Markus A1 - Köble, J. A1 - Reif, Jürgen A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Scanning Kelvin Probe Microscopy and Photoemission electron microscopy of organic source-drain structures T2 - Synthetic Metals N2 - n order to optimize organic field effect transistors (OFETs), the characterisation of active-layer surfaces in terms of their roughness, chemical composition and distribution of surface potentials is important. We report on high-resolution microscopic mapping of organic source-drain structures with P3HT as the semiconductor by scanning Kelvin probe microscopy (SKPM) and photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM). It was shown that PEEM is able to characterise the surface morphology (roughness), the chemical homogeneity and the composition of organic structures. The two-dimensional mapping of surface potentials by SKPM with applied source-drain voltages is shown to be an important ingredient of OFETs failure mode analysis. KW - Photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM) KW - Scanning Kelvin probe microscopy (SKPM) KW - OFET Y1 - 2004 SN - 0379-6779 VL - 146 IS - 3 SP - 377 EP - 382 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müssig, Hans-Joachim A1 - Dabrowski, Jarek Marek A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Lupina, Grzegorz A1 - Sorge, Roland A1 - Formanek, Peter A1 - Zaumseil, Peter A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Ultrathin Dielectric Films Grown by Solid Phase Reaction of Pr with SiO2 T2 - MRS Proceedings Y1 - 2004 SN - 1946-4274 VL - 811 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Müssig, Hans-Joachim T1 - Pr4f occupancy and VB/CB band offsets of Pr2O3 at the interface to Si(001) and SiC(0001) surfaces T2 - MRS Proceedings Y1 - 2004 SN - 1946-4274 VL - 811 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tokarev, Igor A1 - Krenek, Radim A1 - Burkov, Yevgen A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Sidorenko, Alexander A1 - Minko, Sergiy A1 - Stamm, Manfred T1 - Microphase separation in thin films of poly(styrene-block-4-vinylpyridine) Copolymer-2-(4-Hydroxybenzeneazo) benzoic Acid Assembly T2 - Macromolecules N2 - The fine structure of thin films of poly(styrene-block-4-vinylpyridine) copolymer-2-(4'-hydroxybenzeneazo)benzoic acid (PS-PVP+HABA) assembly has been studied using the combination of atomic force microscopy, ellipsometry, X-ray reflectivity, GISAXS, XPS, and XPEEM. The films consist of cylindrical nanodomains formed by PVP+HABA associates surrounded by PS matrix. Alignment of the domains can be switched upon exposure to vapors of different solvents from the parallel to perpendicular orientation and vice versa with respect to the surface plane. Swelling in 1,4-dioxane leads the system from the cylindrical to the spherical morphology. Solvent evaporation results in a shrinkage of the matrix in the vertical direction and subsequent merging of the spheres into the perpendicularly aligned cylinders. The cylinders form a regular hexagonal lattice with a spatial period of 25.5 nm. On the other hand, vapors of chloroform induce in-plane alignment. The films consist of parallel layers of the cylinders separated by PS matrix and demonstrate the fingerprint-like structure. The nanocylinders of PVP+HABA are packed into a distorted hexagonal lattice exhibiting 31 nm in plane and 17 nm vertical periodicity. In both cases a thin wetting layer is found at the polymer-substrate interface. The free surface is enriched with PS. Y1 - 2005 SN - 1520-5835 VL - 38 IS - 2 SP - 507 EP - 516 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tönshoff, Hans Kurt A1 - Altmann, Dirk A1 - Eger, Marc A1 - Sanders, Eva-Maria A1 - Henning, Klaus A1 - Viehweger, Bernd A1 - Simon, Sylvio A1 - Salje, Peter T1 - Werkzeuge und Dienstleistungen - Eine Kombination mit Zukunft T2 - wt Werkstattstechnik online N2 - Die Unternehmen des Werkzeug- und Formenbaus stehen unter einem hohen Konkurrenzdruck. Die Verknüpfung des Werkzeugverkaufs mit Dienstleistungspaketen ermöglicht eine Differenzierung vom Wettbewerb und wird als sinnvolle Ergänzung des Kerngeschäfts erachtet. Die Entwicklung solcher erweiterter Geschäftsmodelle erfordert eine integrierte Betrachtung unter rechtlichen, wirtschaflichen und technischen Gesichtspunkten. Y1 - 2004 SN - 1436-498 VL - 94 IS - 11/12 SP - S. 638 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Analyti, Anastasia A1 - Antoniou, Grigoris A1 - Damasio, Carlos Viegas A1 - Wagner, Gerd T1 - Negation and Negative Information in the W3C Resource Description Framework T2 - Annals of Mathematics, Computing & Teleinformatics Y1 - 2004 VL - 1 IS - 2 SP - 25 EP - 34 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Guizzardi, Renata A1 - Wagner, Gerd A1 - Aroyo, Lora T1 - Knowledge management in learning communities T2 - The ICFAI Journal of Knowledge Management KW - knowledge management Y1 - 2005 VL - 3 IS - 3 SP - 30 EP - 46 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lupina, Grzegorz A1 - Schroeder, Thomas A1 - Dabrowski, Jarek Marek A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Hoffmann, Patrick T1 - Praseodymium silicate layers with atomically abrupt interface on Si(100) T2 - Applied Physics Letters Y1 - 2005 SN - 0003-6951 VL - 87 IS - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, Klaus A1 - Paloumpa, Ioanna A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - A polymer high-k dielectric insulator for organic field effect Transistors T2 - Journal of Applied Physics Y1 - 2005 SN - 0021-8979 VL - 98 IS - 5 SP - S. 056104 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Himpsel, Franz J. A1 - Denlinger, Jonathan D. A1 - Ederer, David L. T1 - Resonante Photoemission an der Cu2p Kante von Cu und CuO T2 - Forum der Forschung Y1 - 2005 SN - 0947-6989 VL - 9 IS - 18 SP - 57 EP - 62 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rettinger, Robert A1 - Zheng, Xizhong T1 - A hierarchy of Turing degrees of divergence bounded computable real numbers T2 - Journal of Complexity Y1 - 2006 VL - 22 IS - 6 SP - 818 EP - 826 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sauvigny, Friedrich A1 - Hildebrandt, Stefan T1 - Minimal surfaces in a wedge IV. Hölder estimates of the Gauss map and a Bernstein theorem T2 - Calculus of Variations and Partial Differential Equations Y1 - 1999 SN - 0944-2669 SN - 1432-0835 VL - 8 IS - 1 SP - 71 EP - 90 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Machefer, Stephan A1 - Schnitzlein, Klaus T1 - Prozessmodellierung mit künstlichen neuronalen Netzen: Bedeutung des Daten-Preprocessing KW - Prozessmodellierung KW - neuronale Netze KW - Daten-Preprocessing Y1 - 2004 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Eisfeld, Bernhard A1 - Schnitzlein, Klaus T1 - A new pseudo-continous model for the fluid flow in packed beds KW - fluid flow KW - packed bed Y1 - 2005 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Papadokonstantakis, Stavros A1 - Machefer, Stephan A1 - Schnitzlein, Klaus T1 - Variable selection and data preprocessing in NN modelling of complex chemical processes KW - Neural networks KW - Process modelling KW - Data Preprocessing KW - Variable selection KW - Variable information Y1 - 2005 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Henze, Frank A1 - Lehmann, H. A1 - Fischer-Genz, Bettina T1 - Development of an Internet-Based Information System for Archaeological Research and Studies on Urban History in Baalbek / Lebanon KW - archeological research KW - information system Y1 - 2005 SN - 1682-1750 SP - 849 EP - 854 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ritter, Bernhard A1 - Heinert, Michael A1 - Niemeier, Wolfgang T1 - Angepasste Methoden der Deformationsanalyse für die geodätischen Messungen in Südwestisland T2 - Zeitschrift für Geodäsie, Geoinformation und Landmanagement : ZfV Y1 - 2004 SN - 1618-8950 VL - 6 IS - 6 SP - 399 EP - 406 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Saulich, Katja A1 - Schnitzlein, Klaus T1 - On-line monitoring der lipasekatalysierten Hydrolyse von Rapsöl KW - Lipase KW - Katalyse KW - Hydrolyse KW - Rapsöl Y1 - 2004 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Holz, Klaus-Peter A1 - Chua, Lloyd H. C. T1 - Hybrid Neural Network - Finite Element River Flow Model T2 - Journal of Hydraulic Engineering Y1 - 2005 SN - 0733-9429 VL - 131 IS - 1 SP - 52 EP - 59 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoffmann, Patrick A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Improvement of Nitrogen Incorporation into Oxynitrides on 4H-SiC(0001) T2 - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section B : Beam with Materials and Atoms Y1 - 2006 VL - 246 IS - 1 SP - 85 EP - 89 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wetzk, Volker T1 - Entwicklung der Brückenlager T2 - Bautechnik Y1 - 2006 SN - 0932-8351 VL - 83 IS - 10 SP - 721 EP - 732 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lorenz, Werner T1 - From stories to history, from history to histories : what can construction history do? Y1 - 2006 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mietens, Stephan A1 - With, Peter H. N. de A1 - Hentschel, Christian T1 - Computational-complexity scalable motion estimation for mobile MPEG encoding T2 - Transactions on Consumer Electronics Y1 - 2004 SN - 0098-3063 VL - 50 IS - 1 SP - 281 EP - 291 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mietens, Stephan A1 - With, Peter H. N. de A1 - Hentschel, Christian T1 - New complexity scalableMPEG encoder techniques for mobile applications. T2 - EURASIP Journal on Applied Signal Processing Y1 - 2004 SN - 1110-8657 IS - 2 SP - 236 EP - 252 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Machefer, Stephan A1 - Schnitzlein, Klaus T1 - Relevanz eines informationstheoretrischen Preprocessings bei der Prozeßmodellierung mit Neuronalen Netzen Y1 - 2006 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Saulich, Katja A1 - Schnitzlein, Klaus T1 - Biokatalytische Hydrolyse von Rapsöl zur Herstellung von Fettsäuren - Charakterisierung der mittleren umsatzabhängigen Größe der Phasengrenzfläche Y1 - 2006 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krautwald, Judith A1 - Schnitzlein, Klaus T1 - Entwicklung eines Thermogravimetrie-Reaktors zur reaktionskinetischen Untersuchung heterogen katalytischer Reaktionen Y1 - 2007 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Machefer, Stephan A1 - Schnitzlein, Klaus T1 - Simple Determination of Segment Numbers for Complex Polymer-Solvent Systems Y1 - 2007 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Machefer, Stephan A1 - Schnitzlein, Klaus T1 - Ideal Mixing Rules for the Viscosity of Complex Polymer-Solvent Mixtures: Assessment of Segment-Fraction Approximations Y1 - 2006 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Göckede, Regina T1 - Der koloniale LeCorbusier. Die Algier-Projekte in postkolonialer Leseart T2 - Wolkenkuckucksheim : internationale Zeitschrift für Theorie und Wissenschaft der Architektur Y1 - 2006 UR - http://www.cloud-cuckoo.net/openarchive/wolke/deu/Themen/052/Goeckede/goeckede.htm SN - 1430-8363 VL - 10 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Doerfler, Rainer A1 - Barth, Siegfried A1 - Boeffel, Christine A1 - Wedel, Armin T1 - New UV-Curing OLED Encapsulation Adhesive with Low Water Permeation T2 - Digest of Technical Papers, Society for Information Display, SID 2006 Y1 - 2006 VL - 37 IS - 1 SP - 440 EP - 443 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seifarth, Olaf A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Stamm, Manfred A1 - Krenek, Radim A1 - Sydorenko, Alexander T1 - Electron spectroscopy and microscopy on chromium oxide nanowires on templated block copolymers T2 - Progress in Solid State Chemistry KW - copolymers KW - nanowires Y1 - 2006 SN - 0079-6786 VL - 34 IS - 2-4 SP - 111 EP - 119 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tallarida, Massimo A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Study of Bulk and Interface Defects in Silicon Oxide with X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy T2 - Materials Science and Engineering : B Y1 - 2007 SN - 0921-5107 VL - 144 IS - 1-3 SP - 23 EP - 26 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lorenz, Werner A1 - Wetzk, Volker T1 - 3rd International Congress on Construction History, Cottbus 2009 - Call for Papers T2 - Bautechnik Y1 - 2008 SN - 0932-8351 VL - 85 IS - 4 SP - 302 EP - 303 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lorenz, Werner T1 - 5th International Conference on Structural Analysis of Historical Constructions in New Delhi Y1 - 2007 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zanoun, El-Sayed A1 - Kito, Mizuki A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - A Study on Flow Transition and Development in Circular and Rectangular Ducts Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Svarstad, Hanne A1 - Petersen, Lars K. A1 - Rothman, Dale A1 - Siepel, Henk A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - Discursive Biases of the Environmental Research Framework DPSIR Y1 - 2008 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Drechsler, Martin A1 - Johst, Karin A1 - Ohl, Cornelia A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - Designing cost-effective payments for conservation measures to generate spatiotemporal habitat heterogeneity Y1 - 2007 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Drechsler, Martin A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Johst, Karin A1 - Bergmann, Holger A1 - Settele, Josef T1 - A model-based approach for designing cost-effective compensation payments for conservation of endangered species in real landscapes Y1 - 2007 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Thum, Randi A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - Artenschutz durch handelbare Zertifikate? Grundgedanke des Konzepts und potentielle Einsatzmöglichkeiten im deutschen Rechtssystem Y1 - 2007 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Drechsler, Martin A1 - Grimm, Volker A1 - Mysiak, Jaroslav A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - Differences and similarities between economic and ecological models for biodiversity conservation Y1 - 2007 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Drechsler, Martin A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - Ecological-economic modelling for the sustainable use and conservation of biodiversity Y1 - 2007 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Drechsler, Martin A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - The optimal dynamic allocation of conservation funds under financial uncertainty Y1 - 2007 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Drechsler, Martin A1 - Johst, Karin A1 - Bergmann, Holger A1 - Settele, Josef T1 - Ein modellbasiertes Verfahren zur Entwicklung ökonomisch effizienter Kompensationszahlungen für Maßnahmen zum Schutz gefährdeter Arten T2 - Natur und Landschaft Y1 - 2007 SN - 0028-0615 VL - 82 IS - 4 SP - 137 EP - 142 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meer, Klaus T1 - Complexity aspects of a semi-infinite optimization problem T2 - Optimization : a Journal of Mathematical Programming and Operations Research Y1 - 2008 SN - 1029-4945 SN - 0233-1934 VL - 57 IS - 1 SP - 143 EP - 152 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meer, Klaus A1 - Rautenbach, Dieter T1 - On the OBDD size for graphs of bounded tree- and clique-width Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meer, Klaus A1 - Ziegler, Martin T1 - An explicit solution to Post's problem over the reals T2 - Journal of Complexity Y1 - 2008 SN - 0885-064x VL - 24 IS - 1 SP - 3 EP - 15 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grünewald, Uwe T1 - Hochwasserrisikomanagement und natürlicher Wasserrückhalt Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Martin, Bernd A1 - Süß, Hendrik T1 - Milnor algebras could be isomorphic to modular algebras Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meer, Klaus T1 - Simulated Annealing versus Metropolis for a TSP instance T2 - Information Processing Letters Y1 - 2007 SN - 0020-0190 VL - 104 IS - 6 SP - 216 EP - 219 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Malajovich, Gregorio A1 - Meer, Klaus T1 - Computing Minimal Multi-Homogeneous Bézout Numbers Is Hard T2 - Theory of Computing Systems Y1 - 2007 SN - 1432-4350 VL - 40 IS - 4 SP - 553 EP - 570 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meer, Klaus T1 - On some relations between approximation and PCPs over the real numbers T2 - Theory of Computing Systems Y1 - 2007 SN - 1432-4350 VL - 41 IS - 1 SP - 107 EP - 118 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Flarup Hansen, Uffe A1 - Meer, Klaus T1 - Two logical hierarchies of optimization problems over the real numbers T2 - Mathematical Logic Quaterly Y1 - 2006 SN - 0942-5616 VL - 52 IS - 1 SP - 37 EP - 50 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meer, Klaus T1 - Transparent long proofs: A first PCP Theorem for NP(R) T2 - Foundations of Computational Mathematics Y1 - 2005 SN - 1615-3375 VL - 5 IS - 3 SP - 231 EP - 255 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meer, Klaus T1 - Probabilistically checkable proofs over the reals T2 - Electronic notes in theoretical computer science : ENTCS Y1 - 2005 SN - 1571-0661 VL - 123 SP - 165 EP - 177 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meer, Klaus T1 - On a refined analysis of some problems in interval arithmetic using real number complexity theory T2 - Reliable Computing Y1 - 2004 SN - 1385-3139 VL - 10 IS - 3 SP - 209 EP - 225 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, Tim S. T1 - "Dauerhaftigkeit, Bequemlichkeit und Schönheit". David Gillys Handbuch der Landbaukunst aus umwelthistorischer Perspektive N2 - Im Jahr 1797 veröffentlichte der preußische Landbaumeister David Gilly das Handbuch der Landbaukunst. In dieses Werk war die über dreißigjährige Berufserfahrung des Verfassers eingeflossen. Gillys Landbaukunst erschien zu einem Zeitpunkt, als die Landwirtschaft grundlegend modernisiert wurde. Doch führten das Bevölkerungswachstum und das sich entwickelnde Gewerbe zur zunehmenden Verknappung der Ressourcen. Besonders das Bauwesen benötigte traditionell große Mengen an Hölzern. Deshalb legte David Gilly sein Hauptaugenmerk unter dem Postulat der "Dauerhaftigkeit" v.a. auf die Holzeinsparung und die Substitution des Holzes durch mineralische Baumaterialien. Speziell vermittelte Gillys Landbaukunst dem Landmann die Erkenntnisse der Naturgeschichte, der Technologie und der Geologie. Damit stellte die Landbaukunst ein wichtiges Medium der ökonomisch-technologischen Aufklärung dar, dem für den Aufschluss des Mineralreichs im ländlichen Raum eine Schlüsselrolle zufiel. KW - Brandenburg KW - Preußen KW - Niederlausitz KW - Bauwesen KW - Ländlicher Raum KW - Mineralreich KW - Ökonomische Aufklärung KW - Landwirtschaft Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Müller, S. A1 - Seifarth, Olaf A1 - Dabrowski, Jarek Marek A1 - Müssig, Hans-Joachim A1 - Schroeder, Thomas T1 - On the band gaps and electronic structure of thin single crystalline praseodymium oxide layers on Si(111) T2 - Journal of vacuum science & technology / B KW - band gabs KW - electronic structure KW - oxide layers Y1 - 2009 VL - 27 IS - 1 SP - 271 EP - 276 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grünewald, Uwe T1 - Erkenntnisse und Konsequenzen aus dem Sturzflutereignis in Dortmund im Juli 2008 Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rieper, Felix A1 - Bader, Georg T1 - The influence of cell geometry on the accuracy of upwind schemes in the low mach number regime N2 - AbstractIt is well known, that standard upwind schemes for the Euler equations face a number of problems in the low Mach number regime: stiffness, cancellation and accuracy problems. A new aspect, presented in this paper, is the dependence on the cell geometry: applied on a triangular grid, the accuracy problem disappears, i.e. flows of arbitrarily small Mach numbers can be simulated on a fixed mesh. We give an asymptotic analysis of this, up to date unknown, phenomenon for the first-order Roe scheme and present a number of numerical results.Keywords: Incompressible and compressible flow; Euler equations; Low Mach number flow; Roe scheme; Numerical dissipation; Asymptotic analysisPACS classification codes: 47.11.Df; 47.11.%26#8722;j; 47.15.G%26#8722;; 47.15.km KW - Incompressible and compressible flow KW - Euler equations KW - Low Mach number flow KW - Roe scheme KW - Numerical dissipation KW - Asymptotic analysis Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Holländer, Hartmut M. A1 - Buytaert, Wouter A1 - Blume, Theresa A1 - Chirico, Giovanni B. A1 - Bormann, Helge A1 - Exbrayat, Jean-François A1 - Gustafsson, David A1 - Hölzel, Herwig A1 - Kraft, Philipp A1 - Stamm, Christian A1 - Stoll, Sebastian A1 - Blöschl, Günter A1 - Flühler, Hannes T1 - Comparative predictions of discharge from an artificial catchment (Chicken Creek) using sparse data T2 - Hydrology and earth system sciences discussions Y1 - 2009 UR - http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci-discuss.net/6/3199/2009/hessd-6-3199-2009.pdf SN - 1812-2116 VL - 6 SP - 3199 EP - 3260 ET - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Solomko, Valentyn A. A1 - Weger, Peter T1 - A Fully Integrated 3.3-3.8-GHz Power Amplifier With Autotransformer Balun Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grünewald, Uwe T1 - Hochwasserrisikomanagement - aktueller Forschungsbedarf Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Koch, Hagen A1 - Grünewald, Uwe A1 - Kaltofen, Michael T1 - Anpassungsstrategien für die Wasserbewirtschaftung an den globalen Wandel im Einzugsgebiet der Spree Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zanoun, El-Sayed A1 - Durst, F. T1 - Momentum transport and turbulent kinetic energy production in plane-channel flow Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zanoun, El-Sayed A1 - Durst, F. T1 - The physics of heat transfer from hot-wires in the proximity of walls of different materials Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zanoun, El-Sayed A1 - Durst, F. A1 - Nagib, H. M. T1 - Refined Cf relation for turbulent channels and consequences for high Re experiments Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Harlander, Uwe A1 - Ridderinkhof, H. A1 - Schouten, M. W. A1 - Ruijter, W. P. M. de T1 - Long term observations of transport eddies, and Rossby waves in the Mozambique Channel Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JC004846 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Ping A1 - Flores Renteria, Arturo A1 - Wild, E. A1 - Reimers, W. A1 - Leyens, Christoph T1 - Oxidation-resistant Ti-90Al coatings with lotus effect surfacemorphology deposited on a gamma-TiAl alloy T2 - Scripta Materialia N2 - Ti-90Al (in at.%) coatings were deposited on Ti-45Al-8Nb alloy at two different temperatures, 300 and 540 °C. The coatingsputtered at 300 °C consisted of Al and TiAl3 with columnar grain structure. The morphology, chemical composition and microstructureof the coating sputtered at540 °Cwere strongly dependent on the substrate microstructure. The two coating variantsformed oxidation-resistant Al2O3 scales during oxidation. The special morphological features of the coatings make them interestingfor geometrically structuring the surfaces to provoke the lotus effect. KW - Ti-Al coating KW - Sputtering KW - gamma-TiAl alloy KW - Oxidation-resistant coating KW - Lotus effect Y1 - 2009 SN - 1359-6462 VL - 61 IS - 12 SP - 1156 EP - 1159 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Ping A1 - Ding, W. J. A1 - Lindemann, Janny A1 - Leyens, Christoph T1 - Mechanical properties of the hot-rolled Mg-12Gd-3Y magnesium alloy N2 - Tensile and high cycle fatigue (HCF) properties of the hot-rolled Mg-12Gd-3Y (wt.%) magnesium alloyhave been investigated. The magnesium alloy exhibits a fatigue strength of about 150 MPa, which ismuch higher than that of the commercial Mg-8Al-Zn alloy AZ80. Aging heat-treatment (T5) improvedthe fatigue life of the Mg-12Gd-3Y alloy. Fatigue cracks nucleated at the intense slip bands in theas-rolled alloy. After T5 treatment, however, the fatigue crack nucleation site shifted to the phase boundariesbetween MgGdY particles and Mg matrix. T5 heat-treatment retarded the crack initiation and thusimproved the fatigue life of the Mg-12Gd-3Y alloy. KW - Mechanical properties KW - Tensile KW - Fatigue KW - Magnesium alloys KW - Aging heat treatment Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lorenz, Werner A1 - Wetzk, Volker T1 - Third International Congress on Construction History, Cottbus 2009 - Outlook Y1 - 2008 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Henze, Frank A1 - Lehmann, Heike A1 - Bruschke, B. T1 - Nutzung historischer Pläne und Bilder für die Stadtforschungen in Baalbek/Libanon Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Specht, Dieter A1 - Berntsen, Gunnar T1 - Technologie-Controlling - Stand der Forschung und Entwicklungsperspektiven Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grünewald, Uwe T1 - Integrierte Wasserbewirtschaftung in bergbaulich beeinflussten Flussgebieten Ostdeutschlands Y1 - 2009 UR - http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?genre=article%26id=doi:10.1007/s00550-009-0147-y ER - TY - GEN A1 - Specht, Dieter A1 - Braunisch, Dirk A1 - Berntsen, Gunnar A1 - Nagel, Jörg A1 - Schulz, Thomas T1 - Technologiefrühaufklärung am Beispiel einer Technologie- und Produktvorausschau für die Blechbearbeitung und -verarbeitung Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hüsig, Stefan A1 - Hipp, Christiane T1 - The disruptive potential of Wi-Fi in the German hotspot market T2 - International journal of mobile communications Y1 - 2009 SN - 1470-949X VL - 7 IS - 6 SP - 615 EP - 631 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Verworn, Birgit A1 - Hipp, Christiane T1 - Does the ageing workforce hamper innovativeness of firms? (No) evidence from Germany Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Futterer, Birgit A1 - Egbers, Christoph A1 - Koch, Sandy A1 - Dahley, Norman A1 - Jehring, Lothar T1 - First identication of sub-and supercritical convection patterns from GeoFlow, the geophysical flow simulation experiment integrated in Fluid Science Laboratory Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sauvigny, Friedrich A1 - Hildebrandt, Stefan T1 - Relative minimizers of energy are relative minimizers of area Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hipp, Christiane A1 - Verworn, Birgit T1 - Collaborative Service Development Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mieke, Christian A1 - Specht, Dieter T1 - Integrierte Innovationsimplementierungs- und Instandhaltungsplanung Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hipp, Christiane A1 - Bouncken, Ricarda B. T1 - Intellectual property protection in collaborative innovation activities within services Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Abu-Assab, Samah A1 - Baier, Daniel T1 - Designing Products Using Quality Function Deployment and Conjoint Analysis: A Comparison in a Market for Elderly People KW - Conjoint analysis KW - Quality Function Deployment KW - Elderly people Y1 - 2010 UR - http://www.springer.com/computer/ai/book/978-3-642-01043-9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Esber, Said A1 - Baier, Daniel T1 - Real Options in the Assessment of New Products KW - New Product Development KW - Marketing Research KW - Real Options Y1 - 2010 UR - http://www.springer.com/computer/ai/book/978-3-642-01043-9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Di Ciolo, A. A1 - Lorenzana, José A1 - Grilli, Marco A1 - Seibold, Götz T1 - Charge instabilities and electron-phonon interaction in the Hubbard-Holstein model T2 - Physical Review B KW - strongly correlated systems Y1 - 2009 SN - 1550-235X VL - 79 SP - 085101 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grilli, Marco A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Di Ciolo, A. A1 - Lorenzana, José T1 - Fermi surface dichotomy in systems with fluctuating order T2 - Physical Review B Y1 - 2009 SN - 1550-235X VL - 79 SP - 125111 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Lorenzana, José T1 - Calculation of incommensurability and spin excitations of diagonal stripes in underdoped lanthanum cuprates T2 - Physical Review B Y1 - 2009 SN - 1550-235X VL - 80 IS - 1 SP - 012509 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bär, Werner A1 - Bäde-Schumann, Ulrike A1 - Krebs, Andreas A1 - Cromme, Ludwig T1 - Rapid method for detection of minimal bactericidal concentration of antibiotics Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vogel, Michael A1 - Schmerl, Sebastian A1 - König, Hartmut T1 - Analyseverlagerung in P2P-Overlaynetzen Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Carle, Georg A1 - Dressler, Falko A1 - Kemmerer, Richard A. A1 - König, Hartmut A1 - Kruegel, Christopher A1 - Laskov, Pavel T1 - Network attack detection and defense - Manifesto of the Dagstuhl Perspective Workshop Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Brusch, Michael A1 - Baier, Daniel T1 - Analyzing the Stability of Price Response Functions: Measuring the Influence of Different Parameters in a Monte Carlo Comparison Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Garkas, Wagdi A1 - Leyens, Christoph A1 - Flores Renteria, Arturo T1 - Synthesis and characterization of Ti2AlC and Ti2AlN MAX phase coatings manufactured in an industrial-size coater KW - MAX Phase KW - thin films KW - phase transformation KW - Ternary carbides Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Qimin A1 - Flores Renteria, Arturo A1 - Schroeter, Olaf A1 - Mykhaylonka, Ruslan A1 - Leyens, Christoph A1 - Garkas, Wagdi A1 - Baben, Moritz to T1 - Fabrication and oxidation behavior of Cr2AlC coating on Ti6242 alloy Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Qimin A1 - Garkas, Wagdi A1 - Flores Renteria, Arturo A1 - Leyens, Christoph T1 - Oxidation Behaviour of Ti2AlN Films Composed Mainly of Nanolaminated MAX Phase T2 - Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology KW - Ti2AlN KW - Nanolaminated MAX phase KW - Thin Films KW - Oxidation Y1 - 2010 SN - 1533-4899 VL - 11 IS - 10 SP - 8959 EP - 8966 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kehbila, Anderson Gwanyebit A1 - Ertel, Jürgen A1 - Brent, Alan Colin T1 - Strategic corporate environmental management within the South African automotive industry: motivations, benefits, hurdles T2 - Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management KW - South Africa KW - automotive industry KW - environmental management systems (EMSs) KW - ISO 14001 KW - original equipment manufacturers KW - small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) KW - survey/questionnaire Y1 - 2009 VL - 16 IS - 6 SP - 310 EP - 323 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kehbila, Anderson Gwanyebit A1 - Ertel, Jürgen A1 - Brent, Alan Colin T1 - Uptake of Voluntary Environmental Management System Initiatives by South African Automotive Industries Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cruz-Rivera, Reynaldo A1 - Ertel, Jürgen T1 - Reverse logistics network design for the collection of End-of-Life Vehicles in Mexico N2 - This paper seeks to describe several features of establishing a closed-loop supply chain for the collection of End-of-Life Vehicles in Mexico. To address this task, the problem is handled through Reverse Logistics and is modelled through an Uncapacitated Facility Location Problem. The solution of this model is obtained using software SITATION©. Furthermore, this work also presents a brief description of the current Mexican ELV management system and the future trends in ELV generation in Mexico. The main result is the configuration of three collection networks within Mexico, which correspond to three possible scenarios that consider 100%, 90% and 75%, respectively, of collection coverage. Regions with high ELV generation are identified as well as relevant factors affecting total costs in the reverse supply chain. KW - Location KW - Collection KW - End-of-Life Vehicles KW - Reverse logistics network design KW - Scenarios Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kehbila, Anderson Gwanyebit A1 - Ertel, Jürgen A1 - Brent, Alan Colin T1 - Corporate sustainability, ecological modernization and the policy process in the South African automotive industry T2 - Business Strategy and the Environment KW - corporate sustainability KW - ecological modernization KW - policy process KW - environmental management system (EMS) KW - ISO 14001 KW - South Africa KW - automotive industry Y1 - 2009 UR - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/123210340/PDFSTART SN - 1099-0836 SN - 0964-4733 VL - 19 IS - 7 SP - 453 EP - 465 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bayerl, Günter T1 - Johann Beckmann (1739 - 1811) KW - Beckmann KW - Technologie KW - Technikgeschichte KW - Wissenschaftsgeschichte Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Braun, Reinhold A1 - Fröhlich, Maik A1 - Leyens, Christoph A1 - Renusch, Daniel T1 - Oxidation Behaviour of TBC Systems on gamma-TiAl Based Alloy Ti-45Al-8Nb Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ebach-Stahl, Andrea A1 - Fröhlich, Maik A1 - Leyens, Christoph T1 - Influence of different annealing processes under various atmospheres on the oxidation behavior of gamma-TiAl T2 - Materials at high temperatures Y1 - 2009 SN - 1878-6413 SN - 0960-3409 VL - 26 IS - 1 SP - 91 EP - 98 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Höhne, Olaf A1 - Lechner, Stefan A1 - Schreiber, Matthias A1 - Krautz, Hans Joachim T1 - Drying of Lignite in a Pressurized Steam Fluidized Bed - Theory and Experiments Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Ping A1 - Lindemann, Janny A1 - Leyens, Christoph T1 - Shot peening on the high-strength wrought magnesium alloy AZ80 - Effect of peening media Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liu, W. C. A1 - Dong, J. A1 - Zhang, Ping A1 - Yao, Z. Y. A1 - Zhai, Chun-Quan A1 - Ding, W. J. T1 - High cycle fatigue behaviour of as-extruded ZK60 magnesium alloy Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liu, W. C. A1 - Dong, J. A1 - Zhang, Ping A1 - Zhai, Chun-Quan A1 - Ding, W. J. T1 - Effect of Shot Peening on Surface Characteristics and Fatigue Properties of T5-treated ZK60 Alloy Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liu, Wen-Cai A1 - Dong, Jie A1 - Zhang, Ping A1 - Jin, Li A1 - Zhai, Chun-Quan A1 - Ding, Wen-Jiang T1 - Fatigue behavior of hot-extruded Mg-10Gd-3Y magnesium alloy T2 - Journal of materials research Y1 - 2010 SN - 2044-5326 VL - 25 IS - 4 SP - 784 EP - 792 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liu, Wen-Cai A1 - Dong, Jie A1 - Zhang, Ping A1 - Zheng, Xing-Wei A1 - Ding, Wen-Jiang A1 - Li, De-Hui A1 - Korsunsky, Alexander M. T1 - Smooth and notched fatigue performance of aging treated and shot peened ZK60 magnesium alloy T2 - Journal of materials research Y1 - 2010 SN - 2044-5326 VL - 25 IS - 7 SP - 1375 EP - 1387 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Ping A1 - Lindemann, Janny A1 - Leyens, Christoph T1 - Influence of shot peening on notched fatigue strength of the high-strength wrought magnesium alloy AZ80 T2 - Journal of alloys and compounds Y1 - 2010 SN - 0925-8388 VL - 497 IS - 1-2 SP - 380 EP - 385 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pena, J. A. A1 - Graeff, Christian A1 - Krebs, Andreas A1 - Glüer, Claus-C. T1 - Cross-calibration of different reconstruction kernels for vertebral trabecular microstructure measures on a clinical CT under in-vivo like settings Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bartl, Steffen A1 - Schümberg, Sabine A1 - Deutsch, Mathias T1 - Revising time series of the Elbe river discharge for flood frequency determination at gauge Dresden Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Killat, Dirk T1 - A One-Chip Solution for Electronic Ballasts T2 - Power Electronics Technology Y1 - 2004 VL - 30 IS - 3 SP - 22 EP - 27 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Morales Henríques, Carlos Javier A1 - Riebel, Ulrich A1 - Zavarce, L. A1 - Guzmán, N. M. T1 - Improving emulsion separation: the collector material concept KW - Emulsion KW - seperation Y1 - 2009 UR - Lat. Am. Appl. Res. 2009. http://www.laar.uns.edu.ar/accepted_Papers.htm. N1 - Lat. Am. Appl. Res. 2009. http://www.laar.uns.edu.ar/accepted_Papers.htm ER - TY - GEN A1 - Killat, Dirk A1 - Xu, Weiwei A1 - Zhu, Xiaoting A1 - Hong, Zhiliang T1 - A single-inductor dual-output switching converter with average current mode control T2 - Journal of Semiconductors Y1 - 2009 SN - 1674-4926 VL - 39 IS - 9 SP - 095012-1 EP - 095012-6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Killat, Dirk A1 - Xu, Weiwei A1 - Li, Ye A1 - Gong, Xiaohan A1 - Hong, Zhiliang T1 - A Dual-Mode Single-Inductor Dual-Output Switching Converter with Small Ripple T2 - IEEE transactions on power electronics Y1 - 2010 SN - 0885-8993 VL - 25 IS - 3 SP - 614 EP - 623 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Koch, Hagen A1 - Vögele, Stefan T1 - Dynamic modelling of water demand, water availability and adaptation strategies for power plants to global change Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grischek, Thomas A1 - Schoenheinz, Dagmar A1 - Syhre, C. A1 - Saupe, K. T1 - Impact of decreasing water demand on bank filtration in Saxony, Germany Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grünewald, Uwe T1 - Zur Nutzung und zum Nutzen historischer Hochwasseraufzeichnungen Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Koch, Roland A1 - Straub, Andrea A1 - Mangold, Sylke A1 - Schöpke, Ralph A1 - Martienssen, Marion T1 - Tausalz, Temperatur und chemische P-Fällung T2 - Wasserwirtschaft, Wassertechnik : wwt Y1 - 2008 SN - 1438-5716 IS - 11/12 SP - 41 EP - 46 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Leschik, Sebastian A1 - Musolff, Andreas A1 - Martienssen, Marion A1 - Krieg, Ronald A1 - Bayer-Raich, Marti A1 - Reinstorf, Frido A1 - Strauch, Gerhard A1 - Schirmer, Mario T1 - Investigation of sewer exfiltration using integral pumping tests and wastewater indicators Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2009.10.001 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Leschik, Sebastian A1 - Musolff, Andreas A1 - Krieg, Ronald A1 - Martienssen, Marion A1 - Bayer-Raich, Marti A1 - Strauch, Gerhard A1 - Schirmer, Mario A1 - Reinstorf, Frido T1 - Application of integral pumping tests to investigate the influence of a losing stream on groundwater quality Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-13-1765-2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, C. A1 - Kalbus, Edda A1 - Martienssen, Marion A1 - Schirmer, M. T1 - The influence of heterogeneous groundwater discharge an the timescales of contaminat mass flux from streambed sediments field evidence and long-term predictions T2 - Hydrology and Earth Systems Sciences Discussion Y1 - 2008 VL - 5 IS - 2 SP - 971 EP - 1001 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Koch, Hagen A1 - Wechsung, Frank A1 - Grünewald, Uwe T1 - Analyse jüngerer Niedrigwasserabflüsse im tschechischen Elbeeinzugsgebiet Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Koch, Hagen A1 - Vögele, Stefan T1 - Modeling thermoelectric power generation in view of climate change: a comment Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org//DOI10.1007/s10113-010-0116-6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wei, Shouke A1 - Gnauck, Albrecht A1 - Lei, A. T1 - Simulation analysis of domestic water demand and is future uncertainty in water scarce areaws Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wei, Shouke A1 - Lei, A. A1 - Gnauck, Albrecht T1 - Application of game theoretic models to solve the benefit conflicts in water resources management Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wiedner, Claudia A1 - Rücker, Jacqueline A1 - Fastner, Jutta A1 - Chorus, Ingrid A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte T1 - Seasonal dynamics of cylindrospermopsin and cyanobacteria in two German lakes T2 - Toxicon Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2008.07.017 SN - 0041-0101 VL - 52 IS - 6 SP - 677 EP - 686 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Findeisen, Alexander A1 - Klatt, Matthias A1 - Krautz, Hans Joachim T1 - Examination of the corrosion behaviour of selected power plant materials under various operating conditions KW - Korrosion KW - CCS Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemer.2010.05.006 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nimtz, Michael A1 - Klatt, Matthias A1 - Wiese, Bernd A1 - Kühn, Michael A1 - Krautz, Hans Joachim T1 - Modelling of the CO2 process- and transport chain in CCS systems - Examination of transport and storage processes T2 - Chemie der Erde - Geochemistry Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemer.2010.05.011 SN - 0009-2819 VL - 70 IS - 3 SP - 185 EP - 192 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Horsfield, Brian A1 - Scheck-Wenderoth, Magdalena A1 - Krautz, Hans Joachim A1 - Mutti, Maria T1 - Geoenergy: From visions to solutions KW - CCS Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemer.2010.06.002 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Aha, Ulrich A1 - Findeisen, Alexander A1 - Krautz, Hans Joachim A1 - Kahlert, Joachim T1 - Korrosion und Instandhaltungsoptimierung CO2-armer Braunkohlekraftwerke unter geänderten Prozessbedingungen und -parametern Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gleichner, Christian A1 - Koal, Tobias A1 - Vierhaus, Heinrich Theodor T1 - Effiziente Verfahren der Selbstreparatur von Logik N2 - 22. ITG/GI/GMM Workshop "Testmethoden und Zuverlässigkeit von Schaltungen und Systemen", 28.Feb.-02.März 2010 Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mank, Stephan A1 - Karnapke, Reinhardt A1 - Nolte, Jörg T1 - MLMAC - An Adaptive TDMA MAC Protocol for Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meer, Klaus A1 - Ziegler, Martin T1 - Real Computational Universality: The word problem for a class of groups with infinite presentation Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mank, Stephan A1 - Karnapke, Reinhardt A1 - Nolte, Jörg T1 - MAC Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks: Tackling the Problem of Unidirectional Links T2 - International journal on advances in networks and services Y1 - 2009 SN - 1942-2644 VL - 2 IS - 4 SP - 218 EP - 229 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Specht, Dieter A1 - Braunisch, Dirk T1 - Dynamische Disposition in rückführungslogistischen Systemen Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cromme, Ludwig A1 - Völler, Heinz A1 - Gäbler, Falko A1 - Salzwedel, Annett A1 - Taborski, Uwe T1 - Computer-aided dosage in oral anticoagulation therapy using phenprocoumon: Problems and approaches. KW - Oral anticoagulation KW - phenprocoumon KW - dosage KW - computer-aided expert system KW - mathematical models in anticoagulation therapy Y1 - 2010 UR - http://www.schattauer.de/de/magazine/uebersicht/zeitschriften-a-z/haemostaseologie/issue/special/manuscript/13937/download.html ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maischak, Matthias A1 - Krebs, Andreas A1 - Stephan, Ernst P. T1 - A quadratic programming problem arising from the p-version for obstacle problems T2 - Electronic Notes in Discrete Mathematics Y1 - 2010 SN - 1571-0653 VL - 36 SP - 923 EP - 930 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Larcher, Thomas von A1 - Harlander, Uwe A1 - Alexandrov, Kiril A1 - Wang, Yongtai T1 - Multivariate statistical data analysis methods for detecting baroclinic wave interactions in the thermally driven rotating annulus Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Larcher, Thomas von A1 - Harlander, Uwe A1 - Alexandrov, Kiril A1 - Wang, Yongtai T1 - Comparison of velocity and temperature time series data analysis in experiments on the thermally driven rotating annulus Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Harlander, Uwe A1 - Wenzel, Julia A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Rotating annulus laboratory experiments with application to baroclinic channel flows with narrows Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Koch, Sandy A1 - Harlander, Uwe A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Wave-attractors and mean flow in a spherical shell due to time-modulated rotation Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Springmann, Marcel A1 - Kühhorn, Arnold A1 - Filipiak, A. A1 - Hugler, Daniel A1 - Dufor, K.-H. T1 - Generisches Flugtriebwerksmodell für die Anwendung in der Vorentwicklungsphase Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schnell, R. A1 - Graeff, Christian A1 - Krebs, Andreas A1 - Glüer, Claus-C. T1 - Changes in crosssectional area of spinal canal and vertebral body under 2 years of teriparatide treatment: Results from the EUROFORS study Y1 - 2010 UR - http://www.springerlink.com/content/v81246127508l743/fulltext.pdf ER - TY - GEN A1 - Degkwitz, Andreas T1 - Welcome to Science Apps Y1 - 2010 UR - http://www.bibliothek-saur.de/preprint/2010/ar2677_science_apps.pdf ER - TY - GEN A1 - Scurtu, Nicoleta A1 - Futterer, Birgit A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Pulsating and traveling wave modes of natural convection in spherical shells Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Scurtu, Nicoleta A1 - Bänsch, E. T1 - Influence of the Weissenberg number on the stability of Oldroyd kind fluids Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Orgas, Steffen T1 - Vergleichende Studie zur regionalen Bedeutung der Peene-Hansestädte Anklam und Demmin T2 - Baltische Studien : Pommersche Jahrbücher für Landesgeschichte KW - Anklam KW - Demmin KW - Hanse Y1 - 2009 SN - 0067-3099 VL - N.F., Bd. 95 SP - 43 EP - 54 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zolochevsky, Alexander A1 - Galishin, Alexander A1 - Kühhorn, Arnold A1 - Springmann, Marcel T1 - Transversal Shear Effect in Moderately Thick Shells from Materials with Characteristics Dependent on the Kind of Stress State under Creep-Damage Conditions: Numerical Modeling Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zolochevsky, Alexander A1 - Galishin, Alexander A1 - Kühhorn, Arnold A1 - Springmann, Marcel T1 - Transversal Shear Effect in Moderately Thick Shells from Materials with Characteristics Dependent on the Kind of Stress State under Creep-Damage Conditions: Theoretical Framework Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Springmann, Marcel A1 - Kühhorn, Arnold A1 - Kuna, M. A1 - Scherzer, M. T1 - Influence of Strain Localization on Parameter Identification Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Freudenberg, Wolfgang A1 - Fichtner, Karl-Heinz A1 - Fichtner, Lars A1 - Ohya, Masanori T1 - Quantum models of the recognition process - a convergence theorem Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lange, Astrid T1 - Gründungsintentionen Studierender bei unterschiedlicher Humankapitalausstattung KW - Unternehmensgründung KW - Gründungsintentionen KW - Humankapital Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sauvigny, Friedrich T1 - Un problème aux limites mixte des surfaces minimales avec une multiple projection plane et le dessin optimal des escaliers tournants Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sauvigny, Friedrich A1 - Schulz, Friedmar A1 - Ströhmer, Gerhard A1 - Friedrich, Tomi T1 - Professor Heinz on the occasion of his 85th birthday Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sauvigny, Friedrich A1 - Hildebrandt, Stefan T1 - An energy estimate for the difference of solutions for the n-dimensional solution with prescribed mean curvature and removable singularities Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Torche, Mohamed A1 - Sohal, Rakesh A1 - Karavaev, Konstantin A1 - Burkov, Yevgen A1 - Schwiertz, Carola A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Pr-O-Al-N dielectrics for metal insulator semiconductor stacks KW - semiconductor KW - dielectric Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Brandstädt, Andreas A1 - Dragan, Feodor F. A1 - Köhler, Ekkehard T1 - Linear time algorithms for Hamiltonian problems on (claw,net)-free graphs T2 - SIAM journal on computing Y1 - 2000 SN - 0097-5397 VL - 30 IS - 5 SP - 1662 EP - 1677 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kleefeld, Andreas A1 - Reißel, Martin T1 - The Levenberg-Marquardt method applied to a parameter estimation problem arising from electrical resistivity tomography T2 - Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computation N2 - An efficient and robust electrical resistivity tomographic inversion algorithm based on the Levenberg-Marquardt method is considered to obtain quantities like grain size, source discrimination and particle size distribution. The corresponding model in two-dimensions is based on the Maxwell equations and leads to a partial differential equation with mixed Dirichlet-Neumann boundary conditions. The forward problem is solved numerically with the finite-difference method. However, the inverse problem at hand is a classic nonlinear and ill-posed parameter estimation problem. Linearizing it and applying the Tikhonov regularization method yields an iterative scheme, the Levenberg-Marquardt method. Several systems of equations of large size have to be solved efficiently in each iteration step which is accomplished by the conjugate gradient method without setting up the corresponding matrix. Instead fast matrix-vector multiplications are performed directly. Therefore, the derivative and its adjoint for the parameter-to-solution map are needed. Numerical results demonstrate the performance of our method as well as the possibility to reconstruct some of the desired parameters. KW - Levenberg-Marquardt method KW - Fréchett derivative KW - nonlinear and ill-posed problem KW - estimation problem KW - parameter estimation problem Y1 - 2011 SN - 0096-3003 VL - 217 IS - 9 SP - 4490 EP - 4501 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Koiran, Pascal A1 - Meer, Klaus A1 - Briquel, Irénée T1 - On the Expressive Power of CNF Formulas of Bounded Tree- and Clique-Width Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, Klaus A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Mandal, Dipankar A1 - Seime, Bernd A1 - Paloumpa, Ioanna A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Spin coated organic ferroelectric films for non volatile memories KW - organic KW - ferroelectric Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Koval, Yuri A1 - Lazareva, I. A1 - Müller, P. A1 - Müller, Klaus A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Friedrich, Daniel T1 - Field effect transistors on graphitized polymer surfaces KW - transistors KW - polymer Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seifarth, Olaf A1 - Schubert, Markus Andreas A1 - Giussani, A. A1 - Klenov, D. O. A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Schroeder, Thomas T1 - Single crystalline Pr2-xYxO3 (x=0-2)dielectrics on Si with tailored electronic and crystallographic structure KW - crystalline KW - dielectric KW - structure Y1 - 2010 SN - 1089-7550 VL - 108 IS - 10 SP - 103709 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mandal, Dipankar A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Müller, Klaus A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Band gab determination of P(VDF-TrFE) copolymer film by electron energy loss spectroscopy Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sioncke, Sonja A1 - Lin, Hang-Chu A1 - Brammertz, Guy A1 - Delabie, Annelies A1 - Conard, Thierry A1 - Franquet, Alexis A1 - Caymax, Matty A1 - Meuris, Marc A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Tallarida, Massimo T1 - ALD on high mobility channels: engineering the proper gate stack passivation T2 - ECS Transactions KW - ALD KW - engineering KW - gate stack KW - passivation Y1 - 2010 SN - 1938-5862 VL - 33 IS - 2 SP - 9 EP - 23 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kolanek, Krzysztof A1 - Hermann, Peter A1 - Dudek, Piotr T. A1 - Gotszalk, Teodor A1 - Chumakov, Dmytro A1 - Weisheit, Martin A1 - Hecker, Michael A1 - Zschech, Ehrenfried T1 - Local anodic oxidation by atomic force microscopy for nano-Raman strain measurements on silicon-germanium thin films T2 - Thin Solid Films KW - oxidation KW - microscope KW - measurements KW - thin films Y1 - 2010 SN - 0040-6090 VL - 518 IS - 12 SP - 3267 EP - 3272 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tamm, Aile A1 - Kemell, Marianna A1 - Kozlova, Jekaterina A1 - Sajavaara, Timo A1 - Tallarida, Massimo A1 - Kukli, Kaupo A1 - Sammelselg, V. A1 - Ritala, Mikko A1 - Leskelä, Markku T1 - Atomic Layer Deposition and Characterization of Erbium Oxide-Doped Zirconium Oxid Thin Films T2 - Journal of The Electrochemical Society KW - atomic Layer deposition KW - Erbium KW - Zirconium KW - Oxid-Doped Y1 - 2010 VL - 157 IS - 10 SP - G193 EP - G201 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kukli, Kaupo A1 - Aarik, Jaan A1 - Aidla, Aleks A1 - Uustare, Teet A1 - Jõgi, Indrek A1 - Lu, Jun A1 - Tallarida, Massimo A1 - Kemell, Marianna A1 - Kiisler, Alma- Asta A1 - Ritala, Mikko A1 - Leskelä, Markku T1 - Structure and morphology of Ru films grown by atomic layer deposition from 1-ethyl-1´-methyl-ruthenocene T2 - Journal of Crystal Growth KW - morphology KW - atomic layer deposition Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2010.03.033 SN - 0022-0248 VL - 312 IS - 12-13 SP - 2025 EP - 2032 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kolanek, Krzysztof A1 - Tallarida, Massimo A1 - Karavaev, Konstantin A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - In situ studies of the atomic layer deposition of thin HfO2 dielectrics by ultra high vacuum atomic force microscope KW - in situ KW - atomic layer deposition KW - dielectric KW - microscope Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ho, Paul S. A1 - Zschech, Ehrenfried A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Meyer, Moritz Andreas A1 - Huebner, Rene A1 - Hauschildt, Meike A1 - Zhang, Lijuan A1 - Gall, Martin A1 - Kraatz, Matthias T1 - Scaling effects on microstructure and reliability for cu interconnects KW - scaling KW - microstructure KW - interconnects Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Asegehegn, Teklay Weldeabzgi A1 - Schreiber, Matthias A1 - Krautz, Hans Joachim T1 - Numerical Study of Bubbling Gas-Solid Fluidized Beds Hydrodynamics: Influence of Immersed Horizontal Tubes and Data Analysis Y1 - 2011 UR - http://www.bepress.com/ijcre/vol9/A16 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Biemelt, Detlef A1 - Schapp, Andrea A1 - Grünewald, Uwe T1 - Hydrological observation and modelling relationship for the determination of water budget in Lusatian post-mining landscape Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2010.07.015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Bergmann, Charlotte A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Soil carbon and nitrogen budget in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L) stands along an air pollution gradient in Eastern Germany Y1 - 1995 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krebs, Andreas A1 - Maischak, Matthias A1 - Stephan, Ernst P. T1 - Adaptive FEM-BEM coupling with a Schur complement error indicator T2 - Applied Numerical Mathematics KW - Adaptive finite element methods KW - adaptive boundary element methods Y1 - 2010 SN - 0168-9274 VL - 60 IS - 8 SP - 798 EP - 808 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bauer, Monika A1 - Hartmann, Lutz A1 - Kuschel, Frank A1 - Seiler, Bettina A1 - Noack, Elke T1 - Display Forming Polymer/Liquid Crystal Composite Layers and Their Stability Against External Mechanical Distortions T2 - Journal of Applied Polymer Science KW - polymer/LC composites KW - phase separation KW - LS compartments KW - morphology KW - mechanical properties Y1 - 2010 SN - 0021-8995 VL - 117 IS - 4 SP - 1924 EP - 1933 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kuschel, Frank A1 - Hartmann, Lutz A1 - Bauer, Monika T1 - Nematic-Isotropic Transition in Polymer-Confined and Polymer-Free Liquid Crystal Mixtures KW - polymer/LC composites KW - phase separation KW - phase behavior KW - annealing KW - morphology Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wehner, Stefan A1 - Karpitschka, Stefan A1 - Burkov, Yevgen A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Küppers, Jürgen A1 - Brand, Helmut R. T1 - Stochastic aspects of pattern formation during the catalytic oxidation of CO on Pd(111) KW - stochastic KW - pattern KW - catalytic oxidation Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Seime, Bernd A1 - Paloumpa, Ioanna A1 - Müller, Klaus A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Buffer layer incestigaions on MFIS capacitors consisting of ferroelectric poly[vinylidene fluoride trifluoroethylene] T2 - IOP conference series : Materials Science and Engineering KW - MFIS capacitors KW - ferroelectric Y1 - 2010 SN - 1757-899X VL - 8 IS - 1 SP - 012036 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Bergholz, Matthias A1 - Tallarida, Massimo T1 - The band gab and band offset in ultrathin oxide-semiconductor heterostructures KW - band gab KW - offset KW - ultrathin KW - heterostructures Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Baier, Georg A1 - Köhler, Ekkehard A1 - Skutella, Martin T1 - The k-Splittable Flow Problem Y1 - 2005 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zschech, Ehrenfried A1 - Ho, O. S. A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Meyer, Moritz Andreas A1 - Vairagar, A. V. A1 - Schneider, G. A1 - Hauschildt, Meike A1 - Kraatz, Matthias A1 - Sukharev, V. T1 - Geometry and Microstructure Effect on EM-Induced Copper Interconnect Degradation T2 - IEEE Transactions on Device and Materials Reliability KW - Microstructure Y1 - 2009 UR - http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/icp.jsp?arnumber=4796372 SN - 1530-4388 VL - 9 IS - 1 SP - 20 EP - 30 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Müller, Klaus A1 - Tallarida, Massimo T1 - Interface Reactions in Ultrathin Functional Dielectric Films KW - ultrathin KW - dielectric Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Tallarida, Massimo A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Müller, Klaus A1 - Mandal, Dipankar A1 - Chumakov, Dmytro A1 - Zschech, Ehrenfried T1 - Characterization of oxidic and organic materials with synchrotron radiation based XPS and XAS KW - oxidic KW - organic KW - materials KW - synchrotron radiation KW - XPS KW - XAS Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bergmann, Charlotte A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Significance of litter- and humus-layer quality for rates and forms of N cycling in moder- to rawhumus-moder profiles under Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) Y1 - 1999 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Thomas T1 - Substantial rewetting phenomena on soil respiration can be observed at low water availability Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spröte, Roland A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Wiehe, Wolfgang A1 - Lange, Philipp A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Biological topsoil crusts at early successional stages on recultivated post-mining sites in Brandenburg, NE Germany Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Wiehe, Wolfgang A1 - Lange, Philipp T1 - Water repellency and pore clogging at early successional stages of microbiotic crusts on inland dunes, Brandenburg, NE Germany Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meer, Klaus T1 - Treewidth in Algebraic Complexity Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Baumann, Nadine A1 - Köhler, Ekkehard T1 - Approximating earliest arrival flows with flow-dependent transit times Y1 - 2007 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kober, Markus A1 - Kühhorn, Arnold T1 - Development of optimized washer-shape for damage-free load application to composites T2 - Composite Structures Y1 - 2010 SN - 0263-8223 VL - 92 IS - 9 SP - 1985 EP - 1991 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klauke, Thomas A1 - Kühhorn, Arnold A1 - Beirow, Bernd A1 - Golze, Mark T1 - Numerical Investigations of Localized Vibrations of Mistuned Blade Integrated Disks (Blisks) Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hölzel, Herwig A1 - Rössler, O. A1 - Diekkrüger, Bernd T1 - Grope in the Dark - Hydrological modelling of the artificial Chicken Creek catchment without validation possibilities Y1 - 2011 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/14747065 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lazareva, I. A1 - Koval, Yuri A1 - Müller, P. A1 - Müller, Klaus A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Interface screening and imprint in pol(vinylidene fluoride/trifluoroethylene) ferroelectric field effect transistors KW - interface KW - screening KW - transistors Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tallarida, Massimo A1 - Karavaev, Konstantin A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - HfO2/Si interface formation in atomic layer deposition films: an in situ investigation KW - atomic layer deposition Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Lazareva, I. A1 - Mandal, Dipankar A1 - Paloumpa, Ioanna A1 - Müller, Klaus A1 - Koval, Yuri A1 - Müller, P. A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Electrical investigations on metal/ferroelectric/insulator/semiconductor structures using Poly[vinylidene fluoride trifluoroethylene] as ferroelectric layer for organic nonvolatile memory applications KW - metal KW - frerroelectric KW - insulator KW - semiconductor Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Burkov, Yevgen A1 - Karavaev, Konstantin A1 - Torche, Mohamed A1 - Schwiertz, Carola A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Optimization of the AION buffer layer for PrxOy/Si stacks KW - AION buffer Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liero, Armin A1 - Dewitz, Mike A1 - Kühn, Silvio A1 - Chaturvedi, Nidhi A1 - Xu, Jijun A1 - Rudolph, Matthias T1 - On the Recovery Time of Highly Robust Low-Noise Amplifiers T2 - IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques KW - Amplifier noise KW - integrated circuit noise KW - microwave field-effect transistor (FET) amplifiers KW - monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) amplifiers KW - noise KW - semiconductor device noise KW - integrated circuit (MMIC) amplifiers Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2010.2041519 SN - 0018-9480 VL - 58 IS - 4 SP - 781 EP - 787 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zschech, Ehrenfried A1 - Geisler, Holm A1 - Rinderknecht, Jochen A1 - Schneider, Gerd A1 - Spolenak, Ralph A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Nano-scale analysis using synchrotron-radiation: Applications in the semiconductor industry T2 - Current nanoscience KW - synchrotron-radiation KW - semiconductor Y1 - 2008 SN - 1573-4137 VL - 4 IS - 3 SP - 256 EP - 266 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hofer, Markus A1 - Lehmann, Peter A1 - Biemelt, Detlef A1 - Stähli, Manfred A1 - Krafczyk, Manfred T1 - Modelling subsurface drainage pathways in an artificial catchment Y1 - 2011 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/14747065 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Opel, Matthias A1 - Nielsen, Karl-Wilhelm A1 - Bauer, Sebastian A1 - Goennenwein, Sebastian T. B. A1 - Gross, Rudolf A1 - Cezar, Julio C. A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Simon, Jürgen A1 - Mader, Werner T1 - Nanosized superparamagnetic precipitates in cobalt-doped ZnO T2 - The European Physical Journal : B KW - nanosized KW - superparamagnetic Y1 - 2008 SN - 1434-6036 VL - 63 IS - 4 SP - 437 EP - 444 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Koch, Hagen A1 - Grünewald, Uwe T1 - Regression models for daily stream temperature simulation: case studies for the river Elbe, Germany Y1 - 2010 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/hyp.7814/full ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liu, Fuwen A1 - König, Hartmut T1 - A Survey of Video Encryption Algorithms Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Borcia, Rodica A1 - Bestehorn, Michael T1 - Different behaviours of delayed fusion between drops with miscible liquids T2 - Physical review E Y1 - 2010 SN - 1063-651X VL - 82 IS - 3 SP - 036312 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Holländer, Hartmut M. A1 - Biemelt, Detlef A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Schoenheinz, Dagmar T1 - Hydrological earth observatories and artificial catchments: From observation to modelling T2 - Physics and Chemistry of the Earth Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2010.12.012 SN - 1873-5193 VL - 36 IS - 1-4 SP - 1 EP - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Borcia, Rodica A1 - Bestehorn, Michael T1 - Controlled Pattern Formation in Thin Liquid Layers Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Corneil, Derek G. A1 - Köhler, Ekkehard A1 - Olariu, Stephan A1 - Stewart, Lorna T1 - Linear Orderings of Subfamilies of AT-Free Graphs Y1 - 2006 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Borcia, Rodica A1 - Bestehorn, Michael T1 - A Phase Field Description of Spatio-Temporal Behavior in Thin Liquid Layers Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hofstedt, Petra T1 - Constraint-Based Object-Oriented Programming T2 - IEEE Computer Society, IEEE Software Y1 - 2010 SN - 0740-7459 VL - 27 IS - 5 SP - 53 EP - 56 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Baier, Daniel A1 - Polasek, Wolfgang T1 - Marketing and Regional Sales: Evaluation of Expenditure Strategies by Spatial Sales Response Functions Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fekete, Sándor P. A1 - Köhler, Ekkehard A1 - Teich, Jürgen T1 - Higher-Dimensional Packing with Order Constraints Y1 - 2006 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Abu-Assab, Samah A1 - Baier, Daniel A1 - Kühne, Mirko T1 - Preference Analysis and Product Design in Markets for Elderly People: A Comparison of Methods and Approaches KW - Preference analysis KW - Conjoint analysis KW - QFD KW - Elderly people Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Esber, Said A1 - Baier, Daniel T1 - Monte Carlo Methods in the Assessment of New Products - A Comparison of Different Approaches KW - New Product Development KW - Real Options KW - Monte Carlo Methods KW - New Video-Conference System BRAVIS Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Magnusson, Peter A1 - Kristensson, Per A1 - Hipp, Christiane T1 - Exploring the Ideation Patterns of Ordinary Users: The Case of Mobile Telecommunication Services Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pickenhain, Sabine A1 - Lykina, Valeriya A1 - Wagner, Markus T1 - On the lower semicontinuity of functionals involving Lebesgue or improper Riemann integrals in infinite horizon optimal control problems T2 - Control and Cybernetics Y1 - 2008 SN - 0324-8569 VL - 37 SP - 451 EP - 468 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rudolph, Matthias A1 - Heymann, Peter A1 - Boss, Hermann T1 - Impact of Receiver Bandwidth and Nonlinearity on Noise Measurement Methods Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/MMM.2010.937715 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wagner, Markus T1 - On the lower semicontinuous quasiconvex envelope for unbounded integrands (II): Representation by generalized controls Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pitsoulis, Athanassios T1 - Die Diplomatie der Vertreibung: Der griechisch-türkische Bevölkerungsaustausch von Lausanne und seine Auswirkungen auf die internationale Minderheitenpolitik Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wagner, Markus T1 - On the lower semicontinuous quasiconvex envelope for unbounded integrands (I) Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pitsoulis, Athanassios T1 - Vertreibung und Diplomatie: Hintergründe und Umdeutungen des griechisch-türkischen >Bevölkerungsaustauschs< von 1923 Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Groß, Steffen A1 - Pitsoulis, Athanassios T1 - Ist "Freiheit" als "negative Freiheit" ausreichend bestimmt? Die Positionen Friedrich August von Hayeks und Isaiah Berlins im Kontrast sowie ein Vorschlag zur Diskussion T2 - ORDO - Jahrbuch für die Ordnung von Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft Y1 - 2009 SN - 2366-0481 SN - 0048-2129 VL - 60 SP - 23 EP - 52 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fekete, Sándor P. A1 - Köhler, Ekkehard A1 - Teich, Jürgen T1 - Extending Partial Suborders Y1 - 2001 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Günther, Falk A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Lorenzana, José T1 - Stability of ferromagnetism within the time-dependent Gutzwiller approximation for the Hubbard model Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Grilli, Marco A1 - Lorenzana, José T1 - Dynamical charge and spin density wave scattering in cuprate superconductors Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ugenti, S. A1 - Cini, M. A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Lorenzana, José A1 - Perfetto, E. A1 - Stefanucci, G. T1 - Particle-particle response function as a probe for electronic correlations in the p-d Hubbard model Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Oelsen, E. von A1 - Di Ciolo, A. A1 - Lorenzana, José A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Grilli, Marco T1 - Phonon renormalization from local and transitive electron-latticecouplings in strongly correlated systems Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Markiewicz, Richard S. A1 - Lorenzana, José A1 - Seibold, Götz T1 - Gutzwiller magnetic phase diagram of the undoped $ t- t' -U $ Hubbard model Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Markiewicz, Richard S. A1 - Lorenzana, José A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Bansil, Arun T1 - Gutzwiller magnetic phase diagram of the cuprates Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Grilli, Marco A1 - Lorenzana, José T1 - Model of Quasiparticles Coupled to a Frequency-Dependent Charge-DensityWave Order Parameter in Cuprate Superconductors Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Lorenzana, José T1 - Diagonal stripes in the spin glass phase of cuprates T2 - Physica : C Y1 - 2009 N1 - Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Materials andMechanisms of Superconductivity VL - 470 IS - Suppl. 1 SP - 245 EP - 246 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wagner, Markus T1 - Jensen´s inequality for the lower semicontinuous quasiconvex envelope and relaxation of multidimensional control problems Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Baier, Daniel A1 - Stüber, Eva T1 - Acceptance of Recommendations to Buy in Online Retailing Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoppe, Annette T1 - Handlungsregularien im Umgang mit Technik zur Vermeidung von Technikstress Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rese, Alexandra A1 - Baier, Daniel T1 - Success factors for the innovation management in networks of small and medium enterprises Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Verworn, Birgit A1 - Schwarz, Doreen A1 - Herstatt, Cornelius T1 - Changing workforce demographics: Strategies derived from the resource-based view of HRM T2 - International Journal of Human Resources Development and Management Y1 - 2009 SN - 1465-6612 VL - 9 IS - 2/3 SP - 149 EP - 161 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Verworn, Birgit T1 - Investitionen in die frühen Phasen der Produktentwicklung: Effizientere Prozesse durch Ausnutzung der Hebelwirkung T2 - Industrie Management Y1 - 2009 SN - 1434-1980 VL - 2 IS - 1 SP - 16 EP - 18 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Verworn, Birgit T1 - Regions and innovation: a discussion of concepts illustrated with the German bioregional picture T2 - International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management Y1 - 2009 SN - 1368-275X VL - 9 IS - 1/2 SP - 12 EP - 28 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Verworn, Birgit T1 - Wie werden ältere IngenieurInnen im Vergleich zu jüngeren eingeschätzt? Eine Studie zu Altersstereotypen und Geschlecht. Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sommer, Lars A1 - Bestle, Dieter T1 - Curvature driven two-dimensional multi-objective optimization of compressor blade sections T2 - Aerospace Science and Technology Y1 - 2011 SN - 0034-1223 SN - 1270-9638 VL - 15 IS - 4 SP - 334 EP - 342 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krebs, Irene T1 - Interkommunale Zusammenarbeit - eine Admistration-Strategie für kleine Verwaltungen T1 - Wspólpraca interkomunalna - strategia administracji elektronicznej dla malych jednostek administracyjnych KW - Admistration-Strategie Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Koch, Paul A1 - Trebus, Jens T1 - Prozesstransparenz in rauhen Industrieumgebungen - Kombination von RFID-Identifizierung und UWB-Echtzeit-Ortung KW - RFID-Identifizierung und UWB-Echtzeit-Ortung Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Noack, Andreas T1 - Modularity clustering is force-directed layout T2 - Physical Review : E N2 - Two natural and widely used representations for the community structure of networks are clusterings,which partition the vertex set into disjoint subsets, and layouts, which assign the vertices to positions in a metric space. This paper unifies prominent characterizations of layout quality and clustering quality, by showing that energy models of pairwise attraction and repulsion subsume Newman and Girvan's modularity measure. Layouts with optimal energy are relaxations of, and are thus consistent with, clusterings with optimal modularity, which isof practical relevance because both representations are complementary and often used together. KW - Graph Theory KW - Applications KW - Clustering KW - Graphvisualisierung Y1 - 2009 UR - http://pre.aps.org/abstract/PRE/v79/i2/e026102 SN - 1550-2376 VL - 79 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Helber, Stefan A1 - Schimmelpfeng, Katja A1 - Stolletz, Raik A1 - Lagershausen, Svenja T1 - Using linear programming to analyze and optimize stochastic flow lines Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Süß, Hendrik A1 - Hausen, Jürgen T1 - The Cox ring of an algebraic variety with torus action T2 - Advances in Mathematics Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/doi:10.1016/j.aim.2010.03.010 SN - 0001-8708 VL - 225 IS - 2 SP - 977 EP - 1012 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Süß, Hendrik A1 - Hausen, Jürgen A1 - Herppich, Elaine T1 - Multigraded Factorial Rings and Fano varieties with torus action T2 - Documenta Mathematica N2 - In a first result, we describe all finitely generated factorial algebras over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero that come with an effective multigrading of complexity one by means of generators and relations. This enables us to construct systematically varieties with free divisor class group and a complexity one torus action via their Cox rings. For the Fano varieties of this type that have a free divisor class group of rank one, we provide explicit bounds for the number of possible deformation types depending on the dimension and the index of the Picard group in the divisor class group. As a consequence, one can produce classification lists for fixed dimension and Picard index. We carry this out expemplarily in the following cases. There are 15 non-toric surfaces with Picard index at most six. Moreover, there are 116 non-toric threefolds with Picard index at most two; nine of them are locally factorial, i.e. of Picard index one, and among these one is smooth, six have canonical singularities and two have non-canonical singularities. Finally, there are 67 non-toric locally factorial fourfolds and two one-dimensional families of non-toric locally factorial fourfolds. In all cases, we list the Cox rings explicitly. KW - Fano varieties KW - Cox ring KW - torus actions KW - graded ring Y1 - 2011 UR - http://www.math.uni-bielefeld.de/documenta/vol-16/vol-16.html SN - 1431-0635 VL - 16 SP - 71 EP - 109 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Süß, Hendrik A1 - Ilten, Nathan Owen T1 - Polarized complexity-1 T-varieties T2 - Michigan Mathematical Journal N2 - We describe polarized complexity-one T-varieties combinatorially in terms of so-called divisorial polytopes, and show how geometric properties of such a variety can be read off the corresponding divisorial polytope. We compare our description with other possible descriptions of polarized complexity-one T-varieties. We also describe how to explicitly find generators of affine complexity-one T-varieties. KW - torus actions KW - divisors Y1 - 2011 VL - 60 IS - 3 SP - 561 EP - 578 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Helber, Stefan A1 - Schimmelpfeng, Katja A1 - Stolletz, Raik T1 - Setting inventory levels of CONWIP flow lines via linear programming Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mellado, Juan Pedro A1 - Stevens, Bjorn A1 - Schmidt, Heiko A1 - Peters, Norbert T1 - Probability density functions in the cloud-top mixing layer Y1 - 2010 UR - http://iopscience.iop.org/1367-2630/12/8/085010/pdf/1367-2630_12_8_085010.pdf ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Heiko A1 - Jiménez, Carmen T1 - Numerical study of the direct pressure effect of acoustic waves in planar premixed flames T2 - Combustion and Flame Y1 - 2010 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S001021801000088X SN - 1556-2921 VL - 157 IS - 8 SP - 1610 EP - 1619 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mellado, Juan Pedro A1 - Stevens, Bjorn A1 - Schmidt, Heiko A1 - Peters, Norbert T1 - Two-fluid formulation of the cloud-top mixing layer for direct numerical simulation T2 - Theoretical and computational fluid dynamics N2 - A mixture fraction formulation to perform direct numerical simulations of a disperse and dilute two-phase system consisting of water liquid and vapor in air in local thermodynamic equilibrium using a twofluid model is derived and discussed. The goal is to understand the assumptions intrinsic to this simplified but commonly employed approach for the study of two-layer buoyancy reversing systems like the cloud-top mixing layer. Emphasis is placed on molecular transport phenomena. In particular, a formulation is proposed that recovers the actual nondiffusive liquid-phase continuum as a limiting case of differential diffusion. High-order numerical schemes suitable for direct numerical simulations in the compressible and Boussinesq limits are described, and simulations are presented to validate the incompressible approach. As expected, the Boussinesq approximation provides an accurate and efficient description of the flow on the scales (of the order of meters) that are considered. KW - Free convection KW - Free turbulent flows KW - Multiphase KW - Stratocumulus clouds Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00162-010-0182-x SN - 1432-2250 SN - 0935-4964 VL - 24 IS - 6 SP - 511 EP - 536 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mellado, Juan Pedro A1 - Stevens, Bjorn A1 - Schmidt, Heiko A1 - Peters, Norbert T1 - Buoyancy reversal in cloud-top mixing layers T2 - Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.417 SN - 1477-870X VL - 135 IS - 641 SP - 963 EP - 978 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Moeck, Jonas Pablo A1 - Oevermann, Michael A1 - Klein, Rupert A1 - Paschereit, Christian Oliver A1 - Schmidt, Heiko T1 - A two-way coupling for modeling thermoacoustic instabilities in a flat flame Rijke tube T2 - Proceedings of the Combustion Institute Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2008.05.062 SN - 1540-7489 VL - 32 IS - 1 SP - 1199 EP - 1207 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Przulj, Natasha A1 - Corneil, Derek G. A1 - Köhler, Ekkehard T1 - Hereditary dominating pair graphs Y1 - 2004 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Baier, Georg A1 - Erlebach, Thomas A1 - Hall, Alexander A1 - Köhler, Ekkehard A1 - Schilling, Heiko A1 - Skutella, Martin T1 - Length-bounded cuts and flows Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Heuvel, Martijn M. H. P. van den A1 - Bril, Reinder J. A1 - Schiemenz, Stefan A1 - Hentschel, Christian T1 - Dynamic resource allocation for real-time priority processing applications Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Martin, Bernd A1 - Lavandoskyy, Victor T1 - A Symbolic Approach to Generation and Analysis of Finite Difference Schemes of Partial Differential Equations T2 - arXiv.org : (math-ph) KW - Computer Algebra KW - Differential Equation KW - Difference Schemes Y1 - 2010 UR - http://arxiv.org/pdf/1007.4443.pdf ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gasevic, Dragan A1 - Taveter, Kuldar A1 - Wagner, Gerd T1 - Vocabularies, ontologies and rules for enterprise and business process modeling and management T2 - Information Systems Y1 - 2010 SN - 0306-4379 VL - 35 IS - 4 SP - 375 EP - 378 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Jiulai T1 - Synthesis of Gamma-TiAl Foils and Sheets by Innovative Reactive Diffusion Methods from Elemental Ti and Al T2 - Intermetallics Y1 - 2010 SN - 0966-9795 VL - 18 IS - 12 SP - 2292 EP - 2300 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Milanovic, Milan A1 - Gasevic, Dragan A1 - Giurca, Adrian A1 - Wagner, Gerd A1 - Lukichev, Sergey A1 - Devedzic, Vladan T1 - Model Transformations to Bridge Concrete and Abstract Syntax of Web Rule Languages Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pototsky, Andrey A1 - Archer, Andrew J. A1 - Bestehorn, Michael A1 - Merkt, Domnic A1 - Savelev, S. A1 - Marchesoni, F. T1 - Collective shuttling of attracting particles in asymmetric narrow channels Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bestehorn, Michael A1 - Tyvand, Peder A. T1 - Merging and colliding bores Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tyvand, Peder A. A1 - Bestehorn, Michael T1 - Diffraction of Poincare waves by a change in ocean depth Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sarradj, Ennes A1 - Fritzsche, Christoph A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Giesler, Jens T1 - Acoustic and aerodynamic design and characterization of a small-scale aeroacoustic wind tunnel Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sarradj, Ennes T1 - A fast signal subspace approach for the determination of absolute levels from phased microphone array measurements T2 - Journal of Sound and Vibration Y1 - 2010 SN - 0022-460x VL - 329 IS - 9 SP - 1553 EP - 1569 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Sarradj, Ennes A1 - Fritzsche, Christoph T1 - Porous Airfoils: Noise Reduction and Boundary Layer Effects Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Sarradj, Ennes A1 - Fritzsche, Christoph T1 - Measurement of the noise generation at the trailing edge of porous airfoils T2 - Experiments in Fluids Y1 - 2010 SN - 0723-4864 VL - 48 IS - 2 SP - 291 EP - 308 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bestehorn, Michael A1 - Borcia, Ion-Dan T1 - Thin film lubrication dynamics of a binarymixture Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krstic, Milos A1 - Krol, T. A1 - Grass, Eckhard T1 - Reducing EMI using GALS Approach Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Basmer, Thomas A1 - Kulse, Philipp A1 - Birkholz, Mario T1 - Systemarchitektur intelligenter Sensorimplantate Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Poschmann, Axel A1 - Robshaw, Matt A1 - Vater, Frank A1 - Paar, Christof T1 - Lightweight Cryptography and RFID: Tackling the Hidden Overheads Y1 - 2010 UR - https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-14423-3_10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Buttyan, L. A1 - Gessner, D. A1 - Hessler, A. A1 - Langendörfer, Peter T1 - Application of Wireless Sensor Networks in Critical Infractructure Protection - Challenges and Design Options Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ortmann, Steffen A1 - Maaser, Michael A1 - Langendörfer, Peter T1 - Self-Adapting Event Configuration in Ubiquitous Wireless Sensor Networks Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Felgenhauer, Ursula A1 - Poggiolini, Laura A1 - Stefani, Gianna T1 - Optimality and stability result for bang-bang optimal controls with simple and double switch behaviour Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Felgenhauer, Ursula T1 - The shooting approach in analyzing bang-bang extremals with simultaneous control switches T2 - Control and Cybernetics Y1 - 2008 SN - 0324-8569 VL - 37 IS - 2 SP - 307 EP - 327 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Felgenhauer, Ursula T1 - Optimality properties of controls with bang-bang components in problems with semilinear state equation T2 - Control and Cybernetics Y1 - 2005 SN - 0324-8569 VL - 34 IS - 3 SP - 763 EP - 785 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Felgenhauer, Ursula T1 - Optimality and sensitivity for semilinear bang-bang type optimal control problems T2 - International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science Y1 - 2004 SN - 0867-857X VL - 14 IS - 4 SP - 447 EP - 454 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dietterle, Daniel A1 - Kraemer, Rolf T1 - A Hardware Accelerated Implementation of the IEEE 802.15.3 MAC Protocol Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maaser, Michael A1 - Langendörfer, Peter T1 - Privacy Guaranteeing Execution Container Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krstic, Milos A1 - Fan, X. A1 - Grass, Eckhard A1 - Gürkaynak, F. T1 - GALS for Bursty Data Transfer Based on the Clock Coupling Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sarradj, Ennes A1 - Fritzsche, Christoph A1 - Geyer, Thomas T1 - Silent Owl Flight: Bird Flyover Noise Measurements Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN ED - Gensior, Sabine ED - Jacobsen, Heike ED - Mendius, Hans Gerhard T1 - Finanzmarkt, Gütermarkt, Arbeitsmarkt – beißen den Letzten die Hunde? T2 - Arbeit : SAMF-Schwerpunktheft Y1 - 2010 SN - 0941-5025 IS - 2+3 SP - 97 EP - 103 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rudolph, Matthias A1 - Lenk, Friedrich A1 - Llopis, O. A1 - Heinrich, Wolfgang T1 - On the Simulation of Low-Frequency Noise Upconversion in InGaP/GaAs HBTs T2 - IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques Y1 - 2006 SN - 0018-9480 VL - 54 IS - 7 SP - 2954 EP - 2961 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rudolph, Matthias A1 - Bonani, Fabrizio T1 - Low-Frequency Noise in Nonlinear Systems: Its Impact on RF Performance and Implicationsfor Device Modeling and Circuit Simulation Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rudolph, Matthias A1 - Chaturvedi, Nidhi A1 - Hirche, Klaus A1 - Wurfl, K. A1 - Heinrich, Wolfgang A1 - Tränkle, Günther T1 - Highly Rugged 30 GHz GaN Low-Noise Amplifiers Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rudolph, Matthias A1 - Kraemer, Tomas A1 - Schmückle, Franz-Josef A1 - Würfl, Joachim A1 - Tränkle, Günther T1 - InP DHBT Process in Transferred Substrate Technology with ft and fmax over 400 GHz Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rudolph, Matthias A1 - Dewitz, Mike A1 - Liero, Armin A1 - Khalil, I. A1 - Chaturvedi, Nidhi A1 - Wipf, Christian A1 - Bertenburg, R. M. A1 - Miller, J. A1 - Würfl, Joachim A1 - Heinrich, Wolfgang A1 - Tränkle, Günther T1 - Highly Robust X-Band LNA with Extremely Short Recovery Time Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mtchedlidze, T. A1 - Arguirov, Tzanimir V. A1 - Kittler, Martin A1 - Hoang, T. A1 - Hollemann, J. A1 - LeMinh, P. A1 - Schmitz, J. T1 - Engineering of dislocation loops for light emission from silicon diodes T2 - Solid State Phenomena Y1 - 2008 SN - 1012-0394 VL - 131/133 SP - 303 EP - 308 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoang, T. A1 - Hollemann, J. A1 - LeMinh, P. A1 - Schmitz, J. A1 - Mtchedlidze, T. A1 - Arguirov, Tzanimir V. A1 - Kittler, Martin T1 - Influence of Dislocation Loops on the Near-Infrared Light Emission From Silicon Diodes T2 - IEEE transactions on electron devices Y1 - 2007 SN - 0018-9383 VL - 54 IS - 8 SP - 1860 EP - 1866 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reif, Jürgen A1 - Costache, Florenta Adriana A1 - Varlamova, Olga A1 - Jia, G. A1 - Ratzke, Markus T1 - Self-organized regular surface patterning by pulsed laser ablation T2 - Physica Status Solidi C Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pssc.200880719 SN - 1610-1634 VL - 6 IS - 3 SP - 681 EP - 686 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Varlamova, Olga A1 - Ratzke, Markus A1 - Reif, Jürgen T1 - Feedback Effect on the Self-Organized Nanostructures Formation on Silicon upon Femtosecond Laser Ablation T2 - Solid State Phenomena Y1 - 2009 SN - 1012-0394 VL - 156/158 SP - 535 EP - 540 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schade, M. A1 - Varlamova, Olga A1 - Reif, Jürgen A1 - Blumtritt, Horst A1 - Erfurth, Wilfried A1 - Leipner, Hartmut S. T1 - High-resolution investigations of ripple structures formed by femtosecond laser irradiation of silicon Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ratzke, Markus A1 - Wolfframm, Dirk A1 - Arguirov, Tzanimir V. A1 - Kappa, Mathias A1 - Reif, Jürgen T1 - Pulsed laser deposition of Praseodymium Oxide films on Silicon (100) T2 - Applied Physics / A Y1 - 2004 SN - 0947-8396 SN - 1432-0630 VL - 79 IS - 4-6 SP - 1247 EP - 1249 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Inoue, H. A1 - Nakatsu, M. A1 - Tanahashi, K. A1 - Yamada-Kaneta, H. A1 - Ono, H. A1 - Akhmetov, V. D. A1 - Lysytskiy, O. A1 - Richter, H. T1 - Annealing Behavior of New Nitrogen Infrared Absorption Peaks in Cz Silicon T2 - Solid State Phenomena Y1 - 2005 SN - 1012-0394 VL - 108-109 SP - 609 EP - 614 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kouteva-Arguirova, Simona A1 - Arguirov, Tzanimir V. A1 - Wolfframm, Dirk A1 - Reif, Jürgen T1 - Influence of Local Heating on Micro-Raman Spectroscopy of Silicon T2 - Journal of Applied Physics Y1 - 2003 SN - 1089-7550 VL - 94 SP - 4946 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Analyti, Anastasia A1 - Antoniou, Grigoris A1 - Viegas, Carlos A1 - Wagner, Gerd T1 - Extended RDF as a Semantic Foundation of Rule Markup Languages Y1 - 2008 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reif, Jürgen A1 - Varlamova, Olga A1 - Ratzke, Markus A1 - Schade, Martin A1 - Leipner, Hartmut S. A1 - Arguirov, Tzanimir V. T1 - Multipulse feedback in self-organized ripples formation upon femtosecond laser ablation from silicon T2 - Applied Physics A Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-010-5830-x SN - 0947-8396 VL - 101 IS - 2 SP - 361 EP - 365 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wagner, Gerd T1 - The Agent-Object-Relationship Meta-Model: Towards a Unified View of State and Behavior T2 - Information Systems Y1 - 2003 SN - 0306-4379 VL - 28 IS - 5 SP - 475 EP - 504 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wagner, Gerd T1 - Seven Golden Rules for a Web Rule Language Y1 - 2003 VL - 18 IS - 5 SP - 82 EP - 83 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kaviani, Nima A1 - Gasevic, Dragan A1 - Hatala, Marek A1 - Clement, David A1 - Wagner, Gerd T1 - Integration of Rules and Policies for Semantic Web Services Y1 - 2007 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Giurca, Adrian A1 - Wagner, Gerd A1 - Devedzic, Vladan A1 - Milanovic, Milan A1 - Gasevic, Dragan T1 - Towards Sharing Rules between OWL/SWRL and UML/OCL T2 - Electronic Communications of the EASST Y1 - 2006 SN - 1863-2122 IS - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wagner, Gerd A1 - Damasio, Carlos Viegas A1 - Antoniou, Grigoris T1 - Towards a General Web Rule Language Y1 - 2005 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Milanovic, Milan A1 - Gasevic, Dragan A1 - Gurca, Adrian A1 - Wagner, Gerd A1 - Devedzic, Vladan T1 - Sharin OCL Constraints by Using Web Rules Y1 - 2008 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nicolae, Oana A1 - Giurca, Adrian A1 - Wagner, Gerd T1 - On Interchange between JBossRules and Jess T2 - Informatica : an international journal of computing and informatics Y1 - 2008 SN - 0350-5596 N1 - Special Issue VL - 3 IS - 4 SP - 383 EP - 396 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Racec, Elena Roxana A1 - Wulf, U. A1 - Racec, Paul Nicolae T1 - Fano regime of transport through open quantum dots´(B3) Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wulf, Ulrich A1 - Richter, Hans T1 - Scale-Invariant Drain Current in Nano-FETs T2 - Journal of Nano Research Y1 - 2010 SN - 1662-5250 VL - 10 SP - 49 EP - 61 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wulf, Ulrich A1 - Richter, Hans T1 - Scaling in quantum transport in silicon nano-transistors (B4) Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Asegehegn, Teklay Weldeabzgi A1 - Schreiber, Matthias A1 - Krautz, Hans Joachim T1 - Numerical simulation and experimental validation of bubble behavior in 2D gas-solid fluidized beds with immersed horizontal tubes Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2011.07.056 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Asegehegn, Teklay Weldeabzgi A1 - Schreiber, Matthias A1 - Krautz, Hans Joachim T1 - Investigation of bubble behavior in fluidized beds with and without immersed horizontal tubes using a digital image analysis technique Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2011.03.025 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schreiber, Matthias A1 - Asegehegn, Teklay Weldeabzgi A1 - Krautz, Hans Joachim T1 - Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Bubbling Gas-Solid Fluidized Beds with Dense Immersed Tube Bundles Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nicolai, Bernd A1 - Rheidt, Klaus T1 - Nuevas investigaciones sobre la historia de la construcción de la catedral de Santiago de Compostela Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tallarida, Massimo A1 - Adelmann, Christoph A1 - Delabie, Annelies A1 - Elshocht, Sven van A1 - Caymax, Matty A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Surface chemistry and Fermi level movement during the self-cleaning of GaAs by trimethyl-aluminum T2 - Applied physics letters Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3615784 SN - 1077-3118 VL - 99 IS - 4 SP - 042906-1 EP - 042906-3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwarzkopf, Jutta A1 - Dirsyte, R. A1 - Devi, A. A1 - Kwasniewski, A. A1 - Schmidbauer, M. A1 - Wagner, Gerd A1 - Michling, Marcel A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Fornari, Robert T1 - Influence of Na on the structure of Bi4Ti3O12 films deposited by liquid-delivery spin MOCVD T2 - Thin solid films Y1 - 2011 SN - 0040-6090 VL - 519 IS - 17 SP - 5754 EP - 5759 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tallarida, Massimo A1 - Weisheit, Martin A1 - Kolanek, Krzysztof A1 - Michling, Marcel A1 - Engelmann, Hans-Jürgen A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Atomic layer deposition of nanolaminate oxide films on Si T2 - Journal of Nanoparticle Research Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-011-0319-x VL - 13 IS - 11 SP - 5975 EP - 5983 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Schmidt, Stephan A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Cherkashinin, Gennady A1 - Jaegermann, Wolfram T1 - Localized Gap States in LiCoO2 and their Influence on the Transport Properties in Li-Ion Batteries T2 - ECS Transactions Y1 - 2010 SN - 1938-5862 VL - 25 IS - 35 SP - 37 EP - 45 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kolanek, Krzysztof A1 - Tallarida, Massimo A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Atomic layer deposition of HfO2 investigated in situ by means of a noncontact atomic force microscopy Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Seime, Bernd A1 - Paloumpa, Ioanna A1 - Müller, Klaus A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Optimization of MFIS structures containing poly(vinylidene-fluoride trifluoroethylene) for non-volatile memory applications Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Seime, Bernd A1 - Paloumpa, Ioanna A1 - Müller, Klaus A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Buffer layer investigations on MFIS capacitors consisting of ferroelectric poly[vinylidene fluoride trifluoroethylene] Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dudek, Piotr T. A1 - Lupina, Grzegorz A1 - Kozłowski, Grzegorz A1 - Zaumseil, Peter A1 - Bauer, Jakob A1 - Fursenko, Oksana A1 - Dabrowski, Jarek Marek A1 - Schmidt, R. A1 - Lippert, Gunther A1 - Müssig, Hans-Joachim A1 - Schröder, Thomas A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Zschech, Ehrenfried T1 - Atomic-scale engineering of future high-k dynamic random access memory dielectrics: The example of partial Hf substitution by Ti in BaHfO3 T2 - Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology / B Y1 - 2011 SN - 2166-2754 VL - 29 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Janowitz, Christoph A1 - Scherer, Valentina A1 - Mohamed, Mansour A1 - Krapf, Alica A1 - Dwelk, Helmut A1 - Manzke, Recardo A1 - Galazka, Zbigniew A1 - Uecker, Reinhard A1 - Irmscher, Klaus A1 - Fornari, Robert A1 - Michling, Marcel A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Experimental electronic structure of In2O3 and Ga2O3 T2 - New Journal of Physics Y1 - 2011 SN - 1367-2630 VL - 13 IS - 8 SP - 085014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mandal, Dipankar A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Comment on "Preparation and Characterization of Silver-Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Nanocomposites:Formation of Piezoelectric Polymorph of Poly(vinylidene fluoride" Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kolanek, Krzysztof A1 - Tallarida, Massimo A1 - Michling, Marcel A1 - Karavaev, Konstantin A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Atomic layer deposition reactor for fabrication of metal oxides Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tallarida, Massimo A1 - Kukli, Kaupo A1 - Michling, Marcel A1 - Ritala, Mikko A1 - Leskelä, Markku A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Substrate Reactivity Effects in the Atomic Layer Deposition of Aluminum Oxide from Trimethylaluminum on Ruthenium T2 - Chemistry of Materials Y1 - 2011 SN - 0897-4756 VL - 23 IS - 13 SP - 3159 EP - 3168 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tallarida, Massimo A1 - Friedrich, Daniel A1 - Städter, Matthias A1 - Michling, Marcel A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Growth of TiO2 with Thermal and Plasma Enhanced Atomic Layer Deposition T2 - Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Y1 - 2011 SN - 1533-4880 VL - 11 IS - 9 SP - 8049 EP - 8053 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tallarida, Massimo A1 - Karavaev, Konstantin A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Novel "In-situ2" Approach to Modified ALD Processes for Nano-functional Metal Oxide Films Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Karavaev, Konstantin A1 - Kolanek, Krzysztof A1 - Tallarida, Massimo A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - In-Situ Studies of ALD Growth of Hafnium Oxide Films Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoffmann, Patrick A1 - Wehner, Stefan A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Brand, Helmut R. A1 - Küppers, Jürgen T1 - Noise-induced spatiotemporal patterns in a bistable reaction-diffusion system: Photoelectron emission micrsoscopy experiments and modeling of the CO oxidation reaction on Ir(111) T2 - Physical Review : E Y1 - 2006 SN - 1550-2376 VL - 73 IS - 5 SP - 056123 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Aha, Ulrich A1 - Findeisen, Alexander A1 - Krautz, Hans Joachim T1 - Maintenance optimization for large coal-fired power plants Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Friedrich, Daniel A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Richter, Matthias A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Fullerenol as probed by Synchrotron X-Ray Photoemission and Absorption Spectroscopy Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Futterer, Birgit A1 - Koch, Sandy A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Traveling waves in low and intermediate rotating spherical shell convection Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lübbert, Christian A1 - Riebel, Ulrich T1 - Electrostatic Precipitator Operation at Corona Quenching Conditions - Theory, Simulation and Experiments KW - Corona Quenching KW - Electrostatic precipitation Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kirsche, Michael A1 - Dreissig, Matthias A1 - Kopsch, Ralf A1 - Gäbler, Jan A1 - Klauck, Ronny A1 - Pink, Mario A1 - Liu, Fuwen A1 - König, Hartmut T1 - uBeeMe - Eine Plattform zur Unterstützung mobiler kollaborativer Anwendungen T2 - Praxis der Informationsverarbeitung und Kommunikation : (PIK) Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/PIKO.2011.003 SN - 0930-5157 VL - 34 IS - 1 SP - 11 EP - 22 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sauvigny, Friedrich T1 - Mixed Boundary Value Problems for Minimal Graphs on a Riemann Surface and Winding Staircases Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Harlander, Uwe A1 - Larcher, Thomas von A1 - Wang, Yongtai A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - PIV- and LDV-measurements of baroclinic wave interactions in a thermally driven rotating annulus Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-009-0792-5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seelig, Torsten A1 - Harlander, Uwe A1 - Faulwetter, Robin A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Irregularity and singular vector growth of the differentially heated rotating annulus flow Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Harlander, Uwe A1 - Wenzel, Julia A1 - Wang, Yongtai A1 - Alexandrov, Kiril A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Simultaneous PIV- and thermography-measurements of partially blocked flow in a heated rotating annulus Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Feudel, F. A1 - Bergemann, K. A1 - Tuckerman, L. S. A1 - Egbers, Christoph A1 - Futterer, Birgit A1 - Gellert, Marcus A1 - Hollerbach, Rainer T1 - Convection patterns in a spherical fluid shell Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herzog, Nicoleta A1 - Schreiber, Matthias A1 - Egbers, Christoph A1 - Krautz, Hans Joachim T1 - A comparative study of different CFD-codes for numerical simulation of gas-solid fluidized bed hydrodynamics T2 - Computers and Chemical Engineering Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compchemeng.2011.12.002 SN - 0098-1354 VL - 39 SP - 41 EP - 46 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dahley, Norman A1 - Futterer, Birgit A1 - Egbers, Christoph A1 - Crumeyrolle, Olivier A1 - Mutabazi, Innocent T1 - Parabolic flight experiment "Convection in a Cylinder" : Convection patterns in varying buoyancy forces T2 - Journal of Physics: Conference Series Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/318/8/082003 SN - 1742-6588 N1 - 13th European Turbulence Conference, 12-15 September 2011, Warsaw, Poland VL - 318 SP - 082003 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Futterer, Birgit A1 - Zaussinger, Florian A1 - Egbers, Christoph A1 - Scurtu, Nicoleta T1 - Variation of viscosity contrast for convection experiments in spherical shells as part of geophy-sical flow simulation experiment "GeoFlow II" Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lübbert, Christian A1 - Riebel, Ulrich T1 - Corona Quenching - Elektroabscheider bei hohen Aerosolkonzentrationen KW - Corona Quenching KW - Aerosol KW - Elektroabscheider Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Busch, Günter A1 - Großmann, Jochen A1 - Sieber, Marko A1 - Burkhardt, Marko T1 - A new and sound technology for biogas from solid waste and biomass Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Harlander, Uwe A1 - Wang, Yongtai A1 - Alexandrov, Kiril A1 - Seelig, Torsten A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Intercomparison of numerical models simulating rotating annulus flows Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Egbers, Christoph A1 - Gellert, Marcus A1 - Harlander, Uwe A1 - Wang, Yongtai A1 - Rüdiger, Günther T1 - Investigation of Stratorotational Instability (SRI) in Taylor-Couette flows with axial temperature gradient Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Koch, Sandy A1 - Harlander, Uwe A1 - Hollerbach, Rainer A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Laboratory experiment of inertial wave-interactions in a rotating spherical shell Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Koch, Sandy A1 - Harlander, Uwe A1 - Hollerbach, Rainer A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Laboratory experiments and numerical simulations of inertial wave-interactions in a rotating spherical shell Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zimmer, Franziska A1 - Zanoun, F. A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - A Study on the Influence of Triggering Pipe Flow Regarding Mean and Higher Order Statistics Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Merbold, Sebastian A1 - Fischer, Steffen A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Torque scaling in Taylor-Couette-Flow - An experimental investigation Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hölzel, Herwig A1 - Diekkrüger, Bernd T1 - Predicting the impact of linear landscape elements on surface runoff, soil erosion, and sedimentation in the Wahnbach Catchment, Germany Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/hyp.8282/pdf ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bormann, Helge A1 - Holländer, Hartmut M. A1 - Blume, Theresa A1 - Buytaert, Wouter A1 - Chirico, Giovanni B. A1 - Exbrayat, Jean-Francois A1 - Gustafsson, David A1 - Hölzel, Herwig A1 - Kraft, Philipp A1 - Krauße, Thomas A1 - Nazemi, Ali A1 - Stamm, Christian A1 - Stoll, Sebastian A1 - Blöschl, Günter A1 - Flühler, Hannes T1 - Modellkonzept vs. Modellierer wer oder was ist wichtiger? Vergleichende Modellanwendung am Hühnerwasser-Einzugsgebiet T2 - Korrespondenz Wasserwirtschaft Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3243/kwe2011.09.001 SN - 1865-9926 VL - 4 IS - 9 SP - 487 EP - 491 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kleefeld, Andreas A1 - Brazauskas, Vytaras T1 - Folded and log-folded-t distributions as models for insurance loss data N2 - A rich variety of probability distributions has been proposed in the actuarial literature for fitting of insurance loss data. Examples include: lognormal, log-t, various versions of Pareto, loglogistic, Weibull, gamma and its variants, and generalized beta of the second kind distributions, among others. In this paper, we supplement the literature by adding the log-folded-normal and log-folded-t families. Shapes of the density function and key distributional properties of the ‘folded’ distributions are presented along with three methods for the estimation of parameters: method of maximum likelihood; method of moments; and method of trimmed moments. Further, large and small-sample properties of these estimators are studied in detail. Finally, we fit the newly proposed distributions to data which represent the total damage done by 827 fires in Norway for the year 1988. The fitted models are then employed in a few quantitative risk management examples, where point and interval estimates for several value-at-risk measures are calculated. Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03461230903424199 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kleefeld, Andreas T1 - Linear Fredholm integral equations of the first kind over surfaces in 3D N2 - Linear Fredholm integral equations of the first kind over surfaces are less familiar than those of the second kind, although they arise in many applications like computer tomography, heat conduction and inverse scattering. This article emphasizes their numerical treatment, since discretization usually leads to ill-conditioned linear systems. Strictly speaking, the matrix is nearly singular and ordinary numerical methods fail. However, there exists a numerical regularization method - the Tikhonov method - to deal with this ill-conditioning and to obtain accurate numerical results. Y1 - 2011 UR - http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00207160.2011.554543 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kleefeld, Andreas A1 - Lin, Tzu-Chu T1 - The nonlinear Landweber method applied to an inverse scattering problem for sound-soft obstacles in 3D N2 - The inverse scattering problem for sound-soft obstacles is considered for both smooth and piecewise smooth surfaces in 3D. The nonlinear and ill-posed integral equation of the first kind is solved by the nonlinear Landweber method. It is an iterative regularization scheme to obtain approximations for the unknown boundary of the obstacle. It is stable with respect to noise and essentially no extra work is required to incorporate several incident waves. So far, it has only been applied to the two dimensional case. Two different integral equations are presented to obtain far-field data. Furthermore, the domain derivative and its adjoint are characterized. The integral equations of the second kind are approximated by a boundary element collocation method. The two-grid method is used to solve the large and dense linear systems. Numerical examples are illustrated to show that both smooth and piecewise smooth obstacles can be reconstructed with this method, where the latter case has not yet been reported. Y1 - 2011 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010465511002724 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Machal, C. A1 - Delfau, J.-L. A1 - Vovelle, C. A1 - Moréac, Gladys A1 - Mounam-Rousselle, G. T1 - Modelling of Aromatics and Soot Formation from Large Fuel Molecules T2 - Proceedings of the Combustion Institute Y1 - 2009 SN - 0082-0784 VL - 32 IS - 1 SP - 753 EP - 760 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Ahmed, Syed Sayeed A1 - Zeuch, Thomas T1 - The Generation of a Compact n-Heptane / Toluene Reaction Mechanism Using the Chemistry Guided Reduction (CGR) Technique T2 - Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie Y1 - 2009 SN - 0942-9352 VL - 223 IS - 4-5 SP - 551 EP - 563 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Hoffmeyer, Henrik A1 - Montefrancesco, Emanuela A1 - Beck, Linda A1 - Willand, Jürgen A1 - Ziebert, Florian T1 - CARE - Catalytic Reformated Exhaust gases in turbocharged DISI-Engines T2 - SAE International Journal of Fuels and Lubricants Y1 - 2009 SN - 1946-3952 VL - 2 IS - 1 SP - 139 EP - 148 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Nakov, Galin A1 - Wenzel, Paul A1 - Steiner, Rüdiger A1 - Krüger, Christian A1 - Zhang, Yongzeh A1 - Rawat, Rajesh A1 - Borg, Andreas A1 - Perlman, Cathleen A1 - Fröjd, Karin A1 - Lehtiniemi, Harry T1 - Soot Simulation under Diesel Engine Conditions Using a Flamelet Approach T2 - SAE International Journal of Engines Y1 - 2010 SN - 1946-3936 VL - 2 IS - 2 SP - 89 EP - 104 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Blurock, Edward S. A1 - Tuner, Martin T1 - Phase Optimized Skeletal Mechanisms for Engine Simulations T2 - Combustion Theory and Modelling Y1 - 2010 SN - 1364-7830 VL - 14 IS - 3 SP - 295 EP - 313 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Løvås, Terese A1 - Malik, Nadeem T1 - Global reaction mechanism for ethylene flames with preferential diffusion Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Malik, Nadeem A1 - Løvås, Terese T1 - The Effect of Preferential Diffusion on the Soot Initiation Process in Ethylene Diffusion Flames T2 - Flow Turbulence and Combustion Y1 - 2011 SN - 1386-6184 VL - 87 IS - 2-3 SP - 293 EP - 312 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Fröjd, Karin T1 - A three-parameter transient 1D model for catalyst modeling T2 - SAE International Journal of Engines Y1 - 2011 SN - 1946-3936 VL - 4 IS - 1 SP - 1747 EP - 1763 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Oßwald, Patrick A1 - Kohse-Höinghaus, Katharina A1 - Struckmeier, Ulf A1 - Zeuch, Thomas A1 - Seidel, Lars A1 - Leon, Larisa A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - Combustion chemistry of the butane isomers in premixed low-pressure flames T2 - Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie Y1 - 2011 SN - 0942-9352 VL - 225 IS - 9-10 SP - 1029 EP - 1054 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Naddaka, Maria A1 - Asen, Florian A1 - Freza, Sylwia A1 - Bobrowski, Maciej A1 - Skurski, Piotr A1 - Laux, Edith A1 - Charmet, Jerome A1 - Keppner, Herbert A1 - Bauer, Monika A1 - Lellouche, Jean-Paul T1 - Functionalization of Parylene During its Chemical Vapor Deposition T2 - Journal of Polymer Science, Part A: Polymer Chemistry KW - calculations KW - CVD KW - fluorescence KW - functional coatings KW - functionalization of polymers Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pola.24731 SN - 0022-3832 VL - 49 IS - 13 SP - 2952 EP - 2958 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Noack, J. A1 - Schmidt, L. A1 - Gläsel, H.-J. A1 - Bauer, Monika A1 - Kemnitz, E. T1 - Inorganic-organic Nanocomposites Based on Sol-Gel Derived Magnesium Flouride Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Keller, D. A1 - Peters, Norbert T1 - A Lagrangian Simulation of Flamelet Extinction and Re-Ignition in Turbulent Jet Diffusion Flames T2 - Symposium (International) on Combustion Y1 - 1990 SN - 0082-0784 VL - 23 IS - 1 SP - 693 EP - 698 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Seshadri, K. A1 - Peters, Norbert A1 - Warnatz, J. T1 - A Flamelet Calculation of Benzene Formation in Coflowing Laminar Diffusion Flames T2 - Symposium (International) on Combustion Y1 - 1990 SN - 0082-0784 VL - 23 IS - 1 SP - 559 EP - 566 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Balakrishnan, G. A1 - Treviño, C. T1 - The Asymptotic Structure of Hydrogen-Air Diffusion Flames T2 - Combustion and flame Y1 - 1992 SN - 0010-2180 VL - 91 IS - 3/4 SP - 246 EP - 256 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Göttgens, J. A1 - Peters, Norbert T1 - Analytic Approximation of Burning Velocities and Flame Thickness of Lean Hydrogen, Methane, Ethylene, Acetylene and Propane Flames T2 - Symposium (International) on Combustion Y1 - 1992 SN - 0082-0784 VL - 24 IS - 1 SP - 129 EP - 135 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Schäfer, T. A1 - Bockhorn, Henning T1 - Inception and Growth of Soot Particles in Dependence on the Surrounding Gas Phase T2 - Combustion and flame Y1 - 1994 SN - 0010-2180 VL - 99 IS - 3/4 SP - 697 EP - 705 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Schlegel, A. A1 - Buser, S. A1 - Benz, P. A1 - Bockhorn, Henning T1 - NOx Emissions of Catalytic Stabilized Combustion to Lean Premixed Combustion T2 - Symposium (International) on Combustion Y1 - 1994 SN - 0082-0784 VL - 25 IS - 1 SP - 1019 EP - 1026 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Bockhorn, Henning T1 - Soot Formation in Premixed Hydrocarbon Flames, Prediction of Temperature and Pressure Dependence T2 - Zeitschrift für physikalische Chemie Y1 - 1995 SN - 0942-9352 VL - 188 IS - 1/2 SP - 45 EP - 60 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Schäfer, T. A1 - Bockhorn, Henning A1 - Fetting, F. T1 - Surface Growth of Soot Particles under Flame Conditions T2 - Zeitschrift für Naturforschung Y1 - 1995 IS - 50a SP - S. 1009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Bai, X. S. A1 - Fuchs, L. T1 - Laminar Flamelet Structure at Low and Vanishing Scalar Dissipation Rate T2 - Combustion and flame Y1 - 1999 SN - 0010-2180 VL - 120 IS - 3 SP - 285 EP - 300 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Kraft, Markus A1 - Maigaard, Peter A1 - Christensen, Bengt A1 - Johansson, B. T1 - Investigation of Combustion Emissions in a HCCI Engine-Measurements and a New Computational Model T2 - Proceedings of the Combustion Institute Y1 - 2000 SN - 1540-7489 VL - 28 IS - 1 SP - 1195 EP - 1201 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Hajireza, S. A1 - Sundén, Bengt T1 - Hot Spot Autoignition in SI Engines T2 - Proceedings of the Combustion Institute Y1 - 2000 SN - 1540-7489 VL - 28 IS - 1 SP - 1169 EP - 1175 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Løvås, Terese A1 - Nilsson, D. T1 - Automatic Reduction Procedure for Chemical Mechanisms Applied to Premixed Methane-Air Flames T2 - Symposium (International) on Combustion Y1 - 2000 SN - 0082-0784 VL - 28 IS - 2 SP - 1809 EP - 1815 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Balthasar, M. A1 - Pfitzner, M. A1 - Mack, A. T1 - Implementation and Validation of a New Soot Model and Application to Industrial Aero-engine Combustor T2 - Journal of engineering for gas turbines and power Y1 - 2002 SN - 0742-4795 VL - 124 IS - 1 SP - 66 EP - 75 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Machefer, Stephan A1 - Huddar, Mahesh M. A1 - Schnitzlein, Klaus T1 - Effect of polymer admixtures on the growth habit of ionic crystals : Study on crystal growth kinetics of potassium dihydrogen phosphate in water/polyol mixtures T2 - Journal of Crystal Growth Y1 - 2008 SN - 0022-0248 VL - 310 IS - 24 SP - 5347 EP - 5356 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Machefer, Stephan A1 - Schnitzlein, Klaus T1 - Experimental Study on the Effect of Polyol Admixtures on the Interfacial Tension of Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate in Aequous Solutions: Induction Time Experiments Versus Drop Shape Analysis Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weber, Karsten A1 - Nagenborg, M. A1 - Drüeke, Ricarda A1 - Langewitz, O. T1 - Ubiquitous Media - Ökonomische und technische Rahmung sozialer Handlungsmöglichkeiten T2 - Merz Medien + Erziehung, Zeitschrift für Medienpädagogik Y1 - 2009 SN - 0176-4918 VL - 53 IS - 6 SP - 102 EP - 110 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weber, Karsten A1 - Drüeke, Ricarda A1 - Langewitz, O. A1 - Nagenborg, M. T1 - Konvergente Medien - Integration oder Fragmentierung von Öffentlichkeit? T2 - Merz Medien + Erziehung, Zeitschrift für Medienpädagogik Y1 - 2009 SN - 0176-4918 VL - 53 IS - 6 SP - 83 EP - 92 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Futterer, Birgit A1 - Dahley, Norman A1 - Koch, Sandy A1 - Scurtu, Nicoleta A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - From isoviscous convective experiment 'GeoFlow I' to temperature-dependent viscosity in 'GeoFlow II' Fluid physics experiments on-board ISS for the capture of convection phenomena in Earth's outer core and mantle Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwidder, Sabine A1 - Schnitzlein, Klaus T1 - Predicting the static liquid holdup for cylindrical packings of spheres in terms of the local structure of the packed bed Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krautwald, Judith A1 - Schnitzlein, Klaus A1 - Vorlop, Klaus-Dieter T1 - Herstellung sphaerischer Napthalinpellets durch Abtropfen in eine waessrige Phase Y1 - 2007 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Machefer, Stephan A1 - Schnitzlein, Klaus T1 - Inline Concentration Monitoring of Binary Liquid Mixtures in the Presence of a Dispersed Gas Phase with a Modified Speed of Sound Immersion Probe Y1 - 2007 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwidder, Sabine A1 - Machefer, Stephan A1 - Schnitzlein, Klaus T1 - Konzentrationsmonitoring bei Gas/Fluessig-Reaktionen mittels einer modifizierten Schallgeschwindigkeits-Sonde Y1 - 2008 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Buchholz, Ina von A1 - Schnitzlein, Klaus T1 - Bestimmung von Dampf/Fluessig-Gleichgewichtsdaten mittels Differenzialkalorimetrie - Experiment und theoretische Validierung Y1 - 2008 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Machefer, Stephan A1 - Grasemann, Martin A1 - Schnitzlein, Klaus T1 - Perspective for Extended Group-Contribution Methods for the Prediction of Activity Coefficients Accounting for Sterical Effects : Linking UNIFAC and the Group Vector Space Method T2 - Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/ie800980m SN - 0888-5885 VL - 47 IS - 24 SP - 10080 EP - 10085 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Machefer, Stephan A1 - Schnitzlein, Klaus T1 - Modeling the Mean Ionic Activity Coefficient of Inorganic Salts in Complex Polymer/Water Mixtures : Application of the Segment e-NRTL Model Y1 - 2008 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Machefer, Stephan A1 - Schnitzlein, Klaus T1 - Surface Specific Mixing Rule for Ionic Diffusion Coefficients at Infinite Dilution in Polymer/Water Mixtures Y1 - 2008 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kolanek, Krzysztof A1 - Tallarida, Massimo A1 - Michling, Marcel A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - In situ study of the atomic layer deposition of HfO2 on Si T2 - Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology Y1 - 2012 SN - 0734-2101 IS - A 30 SP - 01A143-1 EP - 01A143-15 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weber, Karsten T1 - "Don't be evil" - Ein kritischer Blick auf die moralische Selbstregulierung von Suchmaschinen mithilfe von Ethikcodizes Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Groß, Steffen T1 - Warum sich Ökonomen (wieder) mit Philosophie beschäftigen sollten - und Philosophen (wieder) mit Ökonomie T2 - ORDO - Jahrbuch für die Ordnung von Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft Y1 - 2010 SN - 2366-0481 SN - 0048-2129 VL - 61 SP - 75 EP - 94 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Groß, Steffen T1 - Felix Aestheticus und Animal Symbolicum T2 - Deutsche Zeitschrift für Philosophie Y1 - 2001 SN - 0012-1045 VL - 49 SP - 275 EP - 298 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bär, Marcus A1 - Schubert, Björn-Arvid A1 - Marsen, Björn A1 - Wilks, Regan G. A1 - Pookpanratana, Sujitra A1 - Blum, Monika A1 - Krause, Stefan A1 - Unold, Thomas A1 - Yang, Wan Li A1 - Weinhardt, Lothar A1 - Heske, Clemens A1 - Schock, Hans-Werner T1 - Cliff-like conduction band offset and KCN-induced recombination barrier enhancement at the CdS/Cu2ZnSnS4 thin-film solar cell heterojunction N2 - The electronic structure of the CdS/Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) heterojunction was investigated by direct and inverse photoemission. The effects of a KCN etch of the CZTS absorber prior to CdS deposition on the band alignment at the respective interface were studied. We find a “cliff”-like conduction band offset at the CdS/CZTS interface independent of absorber pretreatment and a significant etch-induced enhancement of the energetic barrier for charge carrier recombination across the CdS/CZTS interface. KW - kesterite KW - thin-film solar cells KW - energy band alignment Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bär, Marcus A1 - Schubert, Björn-Arvid A1 - Marsen, Björn A1 - Krause, Stefan A1 - Pookpanratana, Sujitra A1 - Unold, Thomas A1 - Weinhardt, Lothar A1 - Heske, Clemens A1 - Schock, Hans-Werner T1 - Impact of KCN etching on the chemical and electronic surface structure of Cu2ZnSnS4 thin-film solar cell absorbers N2 - The chemical and electronic surface structure of Cu2ZnSnS4 thin-film solar cell absorbers has been investigated by direct and inverse photoemission. Particular emphasis was placed on the impact of KCN etching, which significantly alters the surface composition and is best explained by a preferred etching of Cu and, to a lesser degree, Sn. As a consequence the surface band gap increased from (1.53 +/- 0.15) eV, which agrees with optically derived bulk band gap values, to (1.91 +/- 0.15) ev. KW - kesterite KW - thin-film solar cells KW - electronic surface structure Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sullivan, J. T. A1 - Wilks, Regan G. A1 - Winkler, M. T. A1 - Weinhardt, Lothar A1 - Recht, D. A1 - Said, A. J. A1 - Newman, B. K. A1 - Zhang, Y. A1 - Blum, Monika A1 - Krause, S. A1 - Yang, Wan Li A1 - Heske, Clemens A1 - Aziz, M. J. A1 - Bär, Marcus A1 - Buonassisi, T. T1 - Soft x-ray emission spectroscopy studies of the electronic structure of silicon supersaturated with sulfur N2 - We apply soft x-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) to measure the electronic structure of crystalline silicon supersaturated with sulfur (up to 0.7 at. %), a candidate intermediate-band solar cell material. Si L2,3 emission features are observed above the conventional Si valence band maximum, with intensity scaling linearly with S concentration. The lineshape of the S-induced features change across the insulator-to-metal transition, indicating a significant modification of the local electronic structure concurrent with the change in macroscopic electronic behavior. The relationship between the Si L2,3 XES spectral features and the anomalously high sub-band gap infrared absorption is discussed. KW - black silicon KW - solar cells KW - electronic surface structure KW - x-ray emission spectroscopy Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ernst, Oliver G. A1 - Mugler, Antje A1 - Starkloff, Hans-Jörg A1 - Ullmann, Elisabeth T1 - On the convergence of generalized polynomial chaos expansions Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Michailov, Vesselin A1 - Doynov, Nikolay A1 - Stapelfeld, Christoph A1 - Ossenbrink, Ralf T1 - Hybrid Model for Prediction of Welding Distortions in Large Structures T2 - Journal of Frontiers of Materials Science Y1 - 2011 SN - 2095-025X VL - 5 IS - 2 SP - 209 EP - 215 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fritzsche, Sebastian A1 - Ossenbrink, Ralf A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Experimental characterisation of structured sheet metals T2 - Key Engineering Materials Y1 - 2011 SN - 1013-9826 SN - 1662-9795 VL - 473 SP - 404 EP - 411 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zellhöfer, David A1 - Class, Christa T1 - Gewissensbits- wie würden Sie urteilen? Fallbeispiel: Bewerbungsportal T2 - Informatik Spektrum Y1 - 2011 SN - 0170-6012 VL - 34 IS - 6 SP - 624 EP - 625 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zellhöfer, David A1 - Ullrich, Sebastian T1 - Gewissensbits- Wie würden Sie urteilen? Fallbeispiel: Maschinelle Hausarbeiten T2 - Informatik Spektrum Y1 - 2011 SN - 0170-6012 VL - 34 IS - 1 SP - 107 EP - 108 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zellhöfer, David A1 - Weber-Wulff, Debora T1 - Gewissensbits- Wie würden Sie urteilen? Fallbeispiel: Übungsaufgaben T2 - Informatik Spektrum Y1 - 2010 SN - 0170-6012 VL - 33 IS - 5 SP - 523 EP - 524 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zellhöfer, David A1 - Class, Christa T1 - Gewissensbits- Wie würden Sie urteilen? Fallbeispiel: Anonymisierer T2 - Informatik Spektrum Y1 - 2010 SN - 0170-6012 VL - 33 IS - 4 SP - 408 EP - 409 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zellhöfer, David A1 - Class, Christa T1 - Gewissensbits- Wie würden Sie urteilen? Fallbeispiel: Online-Banking T2 - Informatik Spektrum Y1 - 2010 SN - 0170-6012 VL - 33 IS - 3 SP - 323 EP - 324 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kangwanpongpan, Tanin A1 - Correa da Silva, Rodrigo A1 - Krautz, Hans Joachim T1 - Prediction of oxy-coal combustion through an optimized weighted sum of gray gases model T2 - Energy : the international journal Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2011.06.010 SN - 0360-5442 VL - 41 IS - 1 SP - 244 EP - 251 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Missagia, Bruna A1 - Guerrero, Cinthya A1 - Narra, Satyanarayana A1 - Sun, Yaoming A1 - Ay, Peter A1 - Krautz, Hans Joachim T1 - Physicomechanical properties of rice husk pellets for energy generation Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zellhöfer, David A1 - Kurz, Constanze T1 - Gewissensbits- Wie würden Sie urteilen?, Fallbeispiel: Sicherheitslücken bei Bewerbungen T2 - Informatik Spektrum Y1 - 2009 SN - 0170-6012 VL - 32 IS - 6 SP - 552 EP - 553 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schoenheinz, Dagmar A1 - Grünewald, Uwe A1 - Koch, Hagen T1 - Aspects of Integrated Water Resources Management in River Basins Influenced by Mining Activities in Lower Lusatia Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Frondel, M. A1 - Lehmann, P. T1 - The impact of information on landowners' participation in voluntary conservation programs - Theoretical considerations and empirical evidence from an agri-environment program in Saxony, German Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Johst, Karin A1 - Drechsler, Martin A1 - Teeffelen, Astrid J.A. van A1 - Hartig, Florian A1 - Vos, Claire C. A1 - Wissel, Silvia A1 - Opdam, Paul T1 - Biodiversity conservation in dynamic landscapes: trade-offs between number, connectivity and turnover of habitat patches Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Drechsler, Martin A1 - Eppink, Florian T1 - Does pro-active biodiversity conservation save costs? Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Wissel, Silvia T1 - A Conceptual Analysis of the Application of Tradable Permits to Biodiversity Conservation Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Drechsler, Martin A1 - Johst, Karin A1 - Shogren, Jason F. T1 - An aglomeration payment for cost-effective biodiversity conservation in spatially structured landscapes Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Lehmann, P. A1 - Schleyer, C. A1 - Wüstemann, H. T1 - Promoting Multifunctionality of Agriculture: An Economic Analysis of New Approaches in Germany Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - Explaining differences in EMAS participation rates across Europe: the importance of institutions, incomplete information and path dependence Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Drechsler, Martin T1 - Applying tradable permits to biodivesity conservation: Effects of space-dependent ecological benefits and cost heterogeneity on habitat allocation Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Lienhoop, Nele A1 - Drechsler, Martin A1 - Settele, Josef T1 - Wie viel Artenschutz ist gesellschaftlich optimal? Eine ökonomische Analyse am Beispiel des Hellen Wiesenknopf Ameisenbläulings T2 - Natur und Landschaft Y1 - 2008 SN - 0028-0615 VL - 83 IS - 12 SP - 528 EP - 533 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Koch, Hagen A1 - Vögele, Stefan A1 - Kaltofen, Michael A1 - Grünewald, Uwe T1 - Trends in water demand and water availability for power plants - scenario analyses for the German capital Berlin Y1 - 2012 UR - http://www.springerlink.com/content/332q5353162581qn/ ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Ohl, Cornelia A1 - Drechsler, Martin A1 - Johst, Karin T1 - Compensation Payments for Habitat Heterogeneity: Existence, Efficiency, and Fairness Considerations Y1 - 2008 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Eppink, Florian T1 - Comparing visible and less visible costs of the Habitats Directive: The case of hamster conservation in Germany Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Ulbrich, Karin A1 - Drechsler, Martin A1 - Johst, Karin A1 - Settele, Josef T1 - A software tool for designing cost-effective compensation payments for conservation measures T2 - Environmental Modelling and Software Y1 - 2008 SN - 1364-8152 VL - 23 IS - 1 SP - 122 EP - 123 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Drechsler, Martin A1 - Johst, Karin A1 - Westphal, Michael T1 - Integrating Economic Costs into the Analysis of Flexible Conservation Management T2 - Ecological applications Y1 - 2006 SN - 1051-0761 VL - 16 IS - 5 SP - 1959 EP - 1966 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Drechsler, Martin A1 - Armstrong, Claire W. A1 - Baumgärtner, Stefan A1 - Grimm, Volker A1 - Huth, Andreas A1 - Perrings, Charles A1 - Possingham, Hugh P. A1 - Shogren, Jason F. A1 - Skonhoft, Anders A1 - Verboom-Vasiljev, Jana A1 - Wissel, Christian T1 - Ecological-economic modeling for biodiversity management: Potential, pitfalls, prospects Y1 - 2006 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Drechsler, Martin T1 - Spatially Uniform versus Spatially Heterogeneous Compensation Payments for Biodiversity-enhancing Land-use measures Y1 - 2005 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Schwerdtner, K. T1 - Why be wasteful when preserving a valuable resource? - A review article on the cost-effectiveness of European biodiversity conservation policy Y1 - 2005 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gallego, J. A1 - Hipp, Christiane A1 - Rubalcaba, Luis T1 - Organisational innovation in small European firms: A multidimensional approach T2 - International Small Business Journal Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/0266242611430100 SN - 0266-2426 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gotsch, Matthias A1 - Hipp, Christiane T1 - Measurement of Innovation Activities in the Knowledge Intensive Services Industry: A trademark approach T2 - Service Industries Journal Y1 - 2012 SN - 0264-2069 VL - 32 IS - 13 SP - 2167 EP - 2184 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rotta, Randolf A1 - Noack, Andreas T1 - Multilevel local search algorithms for modularity clusterin T2 - Journal on Experimental Algorithmics Y1 - 2011 SN - 1084-6654 VL - 16 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Drechsler, Martin T1 - A Decision Model for the Efficient Management of a Conservation Fund over Time Y1 - 2004 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Johst, Karin A1 - Drechsler, Martin T1 - An ecological-economic modelling procedure to design effective and efficient compensation payments for the protection of species Y1 - 2002 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Glachant, M. A1 - Schucht, S. A1 - Bültmann, A. T1 - Companies & participation in EMAS. The influence of the public regulator Y1 - 2002 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Bültmann, A. T1 - Subventionen für zertifizierte Umweltmanagementsysteme - Ökonomische Analyse und wirtschaftspolitische Implikationen Y1 - 2001 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Bültmann, A. A1 - Eames, M. A1 - Lulofs, K. A1 - Schucht, S. T1 - EMAS and Regulatory Relief: lessons from National Experiences Y1 - 2001 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Drechsler, Martin T1 - The importance of economic costs in the development of guidelines for spatial conservation management Y1 - 2001 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - Efficiency and Applicability of Economic Concepts Dealing with Environmental Risk and Ignorance Y1 - 2000 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Bültmann, A. T1 - Die Öko-Audit-Verordnung im verflixten siebten Jahr: Vergangenheit und Zukunft einer ungewöhnlichen Ehe aus freiwilligem Umweltschutz und gesetzlichem Eingriff Y1 - 1999 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Cames, M. A1 - Döpfer, J. A1 - Gebers, B. A1 - Uricher, A. T1 - Potentiale für Umweltentlastungen durch Abgaben auf Landesebene: Ergebnisse einer ökologischen und ökonomischen Wirkungsanalyse für das Bundesland NRW Y1 - 1999 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Simonis, U. E. T1 - Ökologische Unsicherheit: Über Möglichkeiten und Grenzen von Umweltpolitik Y1 - 1997 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Franke, J. T1 - The Political Evolution of EMAS: Perspectives from the EU, National Governments and Industrial Groups Y1 - 1995 ER - TY - GEN ED - Wätzold, Frank T1 - European Environment N2 - Special Issue: The Implementation of EU Environmental Policy Y1 - 2001 N1 - Special Issue: The Implementation of EU Environmental Policy VL - 11 IS - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Brandl, Erhard A1 - Palm, Frank A1 - Michailov, Vesselin A1 - Viehweger, Bernd A1 - Leyens, Christoph T1 - Mechanical properties of additive manufactured titanium (Ti-6Al-4V) blocks deposited by a solid-state laser and wire T2 - Materials and Design KW - Non-ferrous metals and alloys KW - Mechanical KW - Microstructure Y1 - 2011 SN - 0261-3069 VL - 32 IS - 10 SP - 4665 EP - 4675 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Brandl, Erhard A1 - Viehweger, Bernd A1 - Michailov, Vesselin A1 - Leyens, Christoph T1 - Deposition of Ti-6Al-4V using laser and wire, part I: Microstructural properties of single beads KW - Titanium KW - Ti-6Al-4V KW - Microstructure KW - Additive manufacturing KW - Laser KW - Deposition Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Malikov, Viatcheslav A1 - Ossenbrink, Ralf A1 - Viehweger, Bernd A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Experimental investigation and analytical calculation of the bending force for air bending of structured sheet metals T2 - Advanced Materials Research KW - air bending KW - structured sheet metal KW - bending force Y1 - 2012 SN - 1022-6680 VL - 418-420 SP - 1294 EP - 1300 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ramzan, Naveed A1 - Rizwan, S. A1 - Witt, Werner T1 - Reformer Catastrophic Failure: A Case Study Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mirza, N. A1 - Degenkolbe, Sven A1 - Witt, Werner T1 - Analysis of hydrogen incidens to support risk assessment KW - Analysis Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Süßmuth, Mathias A1 - Fitzner, H. A1 - Degenkolbe, Sven A1 - Witt, Werner T1 - Vapor-Liquid Equilibria of Binary Systems of Ethene Oxide + Dodecane, Ethene Oxide + 1-Decanol, and Ethene Oxide +1-Dodecanol and Prediction with the Predictive Soave-Redlich-Kwong (PSRK) Equation of State Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vasileiadou, Eleni Magdalini A1 - Mißler-Behr, Magdalena T1 - Virtual Embeddedness ans Social Media as a Basis for the Relational Capital Management of new Ventures Y1 - 2011 UR - www.ejkm.com ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kornienko, Elena A1 - Ossenbrink, Ralf A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Corrosion properties of structured sheet metals in salt environment T2 - Engineering Review Y1 - 2011 SN - 1330-9587 VL - 31 IS - 2 SP - 97 EP - 104 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bandl, Erhard A1 - Michailov, Vesselin A1 - Viehweger, Bernd A1 - Leyens, Christoph T1 - Deposition of Ti-6Al-4V using laser and wire, part II: Hardness and dimensions of single beads T2 - Surface & Coatings Technology Y1 - 2011 SN - 0257-8972 VL - 206 IS - 6 SP - 1130 EP - 1141 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klocek, Jolanta A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Kolanek, Krzysztof A1 - Broczkowska, K. A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Miller, M. A1 - Zschech, Ehrenfried T1 - Studies of the chemical and electrical properties of fullerene and 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane based low-k materials T2 - Thin Solid Films Y1 - 2012 SN - 0040-6090 VL - 520 IS - 7 SP - 2498 EP - 2504 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmid, Reiner P. A1 - Mankovics, Daniel A1 - Arguirov, Tzanimir V. A1 - Ratzke, Markus A1 - Mtchedlidze, T. A1 - Kittler, Martin T1 - Rapid dislocation-related D1-photoluminescence imaging of multicrystalline Si wafers at room temperature T2 - Physica Status Solidi : A Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.201026269 SN - 1610-1642 VL - 208 IS - 4 SP - 888 EP - 892 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmid, Reiner P. A1 - Mankovics, Daniel A1 - Arguirov, Tzanimir V. A1 - Mtchedlidze, T. A1 - Kittler, Martin T1 - Novel imaging techniques for dislocation-related D1-photo-luminescence of multicrystalline Si wafers - two different approaches Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dreibati, Ossama A1 - Ossenbrink, Ralf A1 - Doynov, Nikolay A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Physical and numerical simulation of thermo-mechanical properties in the weld heat affected zone of an AlMgSi-alloy T2 - Materials Science Forum Y1 - 2012 SN - 0255-5476 VL - 706-709 SP - 1491 EP - 1496 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pitsoulis, Athanassios A1 - Siebel, Jens Peter T1 - Four Budget Deficit Theories in One Model Y1 - 2011 UR - http://frank.mtsu.edu/~jee/issues_2011summer.html ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pitsoulis, Athanassios T1 - The egalitarian battlefield: Reflections on the origins of majority rule in archaic Greece Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Siemon, B. A1 - Kerner, T. A1 - Krause, Yvonne A1 - Noell, U. T1 - Airborne and ground geophysical investigation of the environment of abandoned salt mines along the Stassfurt-Egeln Anticline, Germany T2 - First Break KW - Airborne geophysical investigation KW - Ground geophysical investigation KW - Stassfurt-Egeln Anticline Y1 - 2012 SN - 0263-5046 SN - 1365-2397 VL - 30 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pitsoulis, Athanassios A1 - Schwuchow, Sören C. T1 - Consumer Choice: Income, Tastes, and Prices N2 - Wolfram Demonstrations Project Y1 - 2011 UR - http://demonstrations.wolfram.com ER - TY - GEN A1 - Islam, Md. Shafi Noor A1 - Gnauck, Albrecht T1 - Water salinity investigation in the Sundarbans Rivers in Bangladesh Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Islam, Md. Shafi Noor A1 - Gnauck, Albrecht A1 - Voigt, Hans-Jürgen T1 - Fourier Polynomial approximation of estuaries water salinity in the Sundarbans Region of Bangladesh Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fongwa, Ernest Anye A1 - Gnauck, Albrecht A1 - Müller, Felix A1 - Petschick, Michael T1 - Business Development for Preserving Ecosystem Services Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fongwa, Ernest Anye T1 - Application of Community-based Financial Participation in Cottbus-Saspow Landfill Project for Energy Production Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fongwa, Ernest Anye T1 - Financial Participation for Sustainable Business Development Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fongwa, Ernest Anye T1 - Ecosystem Services as an Indicator for Strategic Environmental Assessment: Towards an adaptive sustainability appraisal Y1 - 2012 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Milanovic, Milan A1 - Gasevic, Dragan A1 - Giurca, Adrian A1 - Wagner, Gerd A1 - Devedzic, Vladan T1 - Bridging Concrete and Abstract Syntax in Model Driven Engineering: A Case of Rule Languages Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mandal, Dipankar A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - The electroactive Beta-phase formation in Poly(vinylidene fluoride) by gold nanoparticles doping T2 - Materials Letters Y1 - 2012 SN - 0167-577X IS - 73 SP - 123 EP - 125 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krause, Lars T1 - Das Risiko und Restrisiko im Gefahrstoffrecht Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Asegehegn, Teklay Weldeabzgi A1 - Schreiber, Matthias A1 - Krautz, Hans Joachim T1 - Influence of two- and three-dimensional simulations on bubble behaviorin gas-solid fluidized beds with and without immersed horizontal tubes Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2011.11.050 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knippschild, Robert T1 - With "Regional Territorial Agendas" towards territorial cohesion? The emergence of supra-regional coalitions in Europe and their futurerole in Cohesion Policy Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knippschild, Robert T1 - Cross-border Spatial Planning: Understanding, Designing and Managing Cooperation Processes in the German-Polish-Czech Borderland Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knippschild, Robert T1 - Benchmarking cross-border cooperation. The role of successful border regions for territorial cohesion and the need for comparison, criteria and indicators of cooperation Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knippschild, Robert T1 - Außer Spesen nichts gewesen? Nutzen und Erfolgsfaktoren grenzüberschreitender Kooperation in der Stadt- und Regionalentwicklung im deutsch-polnisch-tschechischen Dreiländereck Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herrmann, Frank A1 - Jahnke, Christoph A1 - Jenn, Florian A1 - Kunkel, Ralf A1 - Voigt, Hans-Jürgen A1 - Voigt, Jens A1 - Wendland, Frank T1 - Groundwater recharge rates for regional groundwater modelling: a case study using GROWA in the Lower Rhine lignite mining area, Germany N2 - Abstract: Groundwater recharge rates calculated with the GROWA model have been applied as the recharge boundary condition for the regional groundwater model Rurscholle. This model simulates groundwater dynamics in the Pleistocene aquifers of the Lower Rhine lignite mining area (Germany). GROWA uses an area-differentiated approach to calculate recharge rates depending on runoff-relevant site characteristics, which are represented by a set of baseflow indices. The regional accuracy of the coupled groundwater and GROWA models has been checked using groundwater hydrographs as validation criteria. The results suggest that the current (unadjusted) version of GROWA underestimates the regional groundwater recharge rate by 10-20 mm/yr. The comparative analysis identified areas where recharge calculations could be improved by adjusting the baseflow indices for areas where runoff is dominated by slope, low water-logging and a low degree of sealing. Using the adjusted set of baseflow indices, the mean groundwater recharge rate of the Rurscholle region was modelled as approx. 170 mm/yr. This study highlights the benefit of using a coupled approach and being able to independently calibrate and validate groundwater recharge boundary conditions in regional groundwater models. KW - GROWA KW - Groundwater recharge/water budget KW - Mining KW - Numerical modeling Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schickling, Tobias A1 - Gebhard, Florian A1 - Bünemann, Jörg T1 - Antiferromagnetic Order in Multiband Hubbard Models for Iron Pnictides Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schickling, Tobias A1 - Gebhard, Florian A1 - Bünemann, Jörg A1 - Boeri, Lilia A1 - Andersen, Ole Krogh A1 - Weber, Werner T1 - Gutzwiller Theory of Band Magnetism in LaOFeAs T2 - Physical Review Letters Y1 - 2012 SN - 0031-9007 VL - 108 IS - 3 SP - 036406 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bünemann, Jörg A1 - Gebhard, Florian A1 - Schickling, Tobias A1 - Weber, Werner T1 - Numerical Minimisation of Gutzwiller Energy Functionals T2 - Physica status solidi : B Y1 - 2012 SN - 1521-3951 VL - 249 IS - 6 SP - 1282 EP - 1291 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bünemann, Jörg A1 - Schickling, Tobias A1 - Gebhard, Florian T1 - Variational study of Fermi-surface deformations in Hubbard models T2 - Europhysics Letters Y1 - 2012 SN - 1286-4854 VL - 98 IS - 2 SP - 27006 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wulf, Ulrich A1 - Krahlisch, Marcus A1 - Richter, Hans T1 - Scaling properties of ballistic nano-transistors T2 - Nanoscale Research Letters Y1 - 2011 SN - 1556-276X VL - 6 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berger, Wolfram T1 - International Policy Coordination and Simple Monetary Policy Rules T2 - Swiss journal of economics and statistics N2 - This paper studies monetary policy in an optimizing two-country model. We suppose a two-step production process that is associated with vertical trade. Prices of final consumption goods are sticky and pass-through can be incomplete. Monetary authorities should respond to both home and foreign shocks in this set-up.Which simple, i.e. non-optimal, targeting rule best supports the welfare maximizing policy hinges critically on the degree of the cross-country interdependence in production and the relative importance of productivity and cost-push shocks. We argue that the relative volatility of productivity and cost-push shocks determines whether the monetary authority should follow a price targeting rulewhereas the degree of vertical integration determines which simple price targeting rule (producer or consumer price index targeting) is best. KW - policy coordination KW - policy rule KW - consumer price targeting KW - producer price targeting KW - monetary targeting Y1 - 2010 SN - 0303-9692 VL - 146 IS - 2 SP - 451 EP - 479 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Oelsen, E. von A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Bünemann, Jörg T1 - The time-dependent Gutzwiller theory for multi-band Hubbard models T2 - New Journal of Physics Y1 - 2011 SN - 1367-2630 VL - 13 SP - 113031-01 EP - 113031-42 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mondal, Mintu A1 - Kumar, Sanjeev A1 - Chand, Madhavi A1 - Kamlapure, Anand A1 - Saraswat, Garima A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Benfatto, Lara A1 - Raychaudhuri, Pratap T1 - Role of the Vortex-Core Energy on the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless Transition in Thin Films of NbN Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.217003 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Oelsen, E. von A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Bünemann, Jörg T1 - Time-Dependent Gutzwiller Theory for Multiband Hubbard Models T2 - Physical Review Letters Y1 - 2011 SN - 1079-7114 VL - 107 IS - 7 SP - 076402-01 EP - 076402-04 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Markiewicz, Richard S. A1 - Lorenzana, José T1 - Spin canting as a result of the competition between stripesand spirals in cuprates Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Markiewicz, Richard S. A1 - Lorenzana, José A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Bansil, Arun T1 - Competing phases on the cuprates: Charge vs spin order Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Grilli, Marco A1 - Lorenzana, José T1 - Influence of correlations on transitive electron-phonon couplings in cuprate superconductors Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Grilli, Marco A1 - Lorenzana, A. T1 - Dynamics of Electronic Inhomogeneities in Cuprates Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klocek, Jolanta A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Kolanek, Krzysztof A1 - Zschech, Ehrenfried A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Annealing influence on siloxane based materials incorporated with fullerenes, phthalocyanines and silsesquioxanes T2 - BioNanoScience Y1 - 2012 SN - 2191-1630 VL - 2 IS - 1 SP - 52 EP - 58 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, Klaus A1 - Richter, Matthias A1 - Philip, Shine A1 - Kunst, Manuel A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Excited states in P3HT and P3HT/PCBM blends T2 - BioNanoScience Y1 - 2012 SN - 2191-1630 VL - 2 IS - 1 SP - 42 EP - 51 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Richter, Matthias A1 - Friedrich, Daniel A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Valence and Conduction band states of PCBM as probed by photoelectron spectroscopy at resonant excitation T2 - BioNanoScience Y1 - 2012 SN - 2191-1630 VL - 2 IS - 1 SP - 59 EP - 65 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hofstedt, Petra T1 - Die Evolution der Programmiersprachen der KI T2 - Künstliche Intelligenz Y1 - 2012 SN - 1610-1987 VL - 26 IS - 1 SP - 11 EP - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - König, Thomas A1 - Hofstedt, Petra T1 - Constraint-basierte Programmiersprachen - Von den Ursprüngen in der logischen Programmierung bis zu heutigen Anwendungen T2 - Künstliche Intelligenz Y1 - 2012 SN - 1610-1987 VL - 26 IS - 1 SP - 47 EP - 54 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hofstedt, Petra T1 - Themenschwerpunkt "Sprachen der KI" T2 - Künstliche Intelligenz Y1 - 2012 SN - 1610-1987 VL - 26 IS - 1 SP - 7 EP - 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hofstedt, Petra A1 - König, Thomas T1 - Interview with Pascal Van Hentenryck on Constraint-Based Programming T2 - Künstliche Intelligenz Y1 - 2012 SN - 1610-1987 VL - 26 IS - 1 SP - 75 EP - 77 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Heiko A1 - Kerstein, Alan R. A1 - Nédélec, Renaud A1 - Wunsch, Scott A1 - Sayler, Ben J. T1 - Numerical study of radiatively induced entrainment T2 - Journal of Physics: Conference Series Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/318/7/072017 SN - 1742-6588 VL - 318 SP - 072017 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jiménez, Carmen A1 - Quinard, Joël A1 - Graña-Otero, Josè A1 - Schmidt, Heiko A1 - Searby, Geoff T1 - Unsteady response of hydrogen and methane flames to pressure waves T2 - Combustion and Flame Y1 - 2012 SN - 1556-2921 SN - 0010-2180 VL - 159 IS - 5 SP - 1894 EP - 1908 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dietze, Eckhard A1 - Mellado, Juan Pedro A1 - Stevens, Bjorn A1 - Schmidt, Heiko T1 - Study of low-order numerical effects in the two-dimensional cloud-top mixing layer T2 - Theoretical Computational Fluid Dynamic Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/doi:10.1007/s00162-012-0263-0 SN - 0935-4964 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Heiko A1 - Kerstein, Alan R. A1 - Nédélec, Renaud A1 - Wunsch, Scott A1 - Sayler, Ben J. T1 - Analysis and numerical simulation of a laboratory analog of radiatively induced cloud-top entrainment T2 - Theoretical Computational Fluid Dynamics Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00162-012-0288-4 SN - 1432-2250 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lee, Hyunjoo J. A1 - Park, Kwan Kyu A1 - Kupnik, Mario A1 - Oralkan, Ömer A1 - Khuri-Yakub, Butrus T. T1 - Chemical vapor detection using a capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer T2 - Analytical chemistry Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/ac201626b SN - 1520-6882 VL - 83 IS - 24 SP - 9314 EP - 9320 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sarioglu, Ali Fatih A1 - Kupnik, Mario A1 - Vaithilingam, Srikant A1 - Khuri-Yakub, Butrus T. T1 - Nanoscale topography of thermally-grown oxide films at right-angled convex corners of silicon T2 - Journal of The Electrochemical Society Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1149/2.005202jes SN - 0013-4651 VL - 159 IS - 2 SP - 79 EP - 84 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Park, Kwan Kyu A1 - Lee, Hyunjoo J. A1 - Kupnik, Mario A1 - Oralkan, Ömer A1 - Ramseyer, Jean-Pierre A1 - Lang, Hans Peter A1 - Hegner, Martin A1 - Gerber, Christoph A1 - Khuri-Yakub, Butrus T. T1 - Capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (CMUT) as a chemical sensor for DMMP detection T2 - Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2011.09.036 SN - 0925-4005 VL - 160 IS - 1 SP - 1120 EP - 1127 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Park, Kwan Kyu A1 - Lee, Hyunjoo J. A1 - Kupnik, Mario A1 - Khuri-Yakub, Butrus T. T1 - Fabrication of capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers via local oxidation and direct wafer bonding T2 - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/JMEMS.2010.2093567 SN - 1941-0158 VL - 20 IS - 1 SP - 95 EP - 103 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lin, Der-Song A1 - Zhuang, Xuefeng A1 - Wong, Serena H. A1 - Kupnik, Mario A1 - Khuri-Yakub, Butrus T. T1 - Encapsulation of Capacitive Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducers Using Viscoelastic Polymer T2 - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/JMEMS.2010.2076786 SN - 1941-0158 VL - 19 IS - 6 SP - 1341 EP - 1351 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wong, Serena H. A1 - Kupnik, Mario A1 - Watkins, Ronald D. A1 - Butts-Pauly, Kim A1 - Khuri-Yakub, Butrus T. T1 - Capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers for therapeutic ultrasound applications T2 - IEEE transactions on bio-medical electronics Y1 - 2010 SN - 0018-9294 VL - 57 IS - 1 SP - 114 EP - 123 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spyra, Simon T1 - Zur völkerrechtlichen Vereinbarkeit der Einbeziehung des internationalen Luftverkehrs in das europäische Emissionshandelssystem im Hinblick auf Drittstaaten T2 - Zeitschrift für Immissionsschutzrecht und Emissionshandel Y1 - 2011 SN - 2191-902X SN - 2191-3331 VL - 1 IS - 3 SP - 125 EP - 134 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spyra, Simon T1 - Zur Revision der Emissionshandelsrichtlinie und der Weiterentwicklung des europäischen Emissionsrechtehandelssystems um den Mechanismus nationaler Ausgleichsprojekte Y1 - 2011 SN - 2191-902X SN - 2191-3331 VL - 1 IS - 5 SP - 251 EP - 260 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mewes, Melanie A1 - Hirt, Ulrike A1 - Meyer, Burghard C. T1 - A new approach to comprehensive quantification of linear landscape elements using biotope types on a regional scale T2 - Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2011.05.005 VL - 36 IS - 12 SP - 579 EP - 590 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wetzk, Volker A1 - Eisenkolb, Tino A1 - Mehdianpour, Milad T1 - Bewertung historischer Brückenlager - das Kontaktproblem - Teil 1 T2 - Stahlbau Y1 - 2011 SN - 0038-9145 VL - 80 IS - 6 SP - 404 EP - 412 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mewes, Melanie A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Apeldoorn, Rob van A1 - Varjopuro, Riku A1 - Chmielewski, Tadeusz Jan A1 - Veeneklaas, Frank A1 - Kosola, Marja-Leena T1 - Cost-effectiveness of managing Natura 2000 sites: An exploratory study for Finland, Germany, the Netherlands and Poland Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-010-9825-x ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grass, Eckhard A1 - Tittelbach-Helmrich, Klaus A1 - Choi, Ch.-S. A1 - Winkler, F. A1 - Ohlemueller, T. A1 - Kraemer, Rolf T1 - Communication Systems Operating in the 60 GHz ISM Band: Overview Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grass, Eckhard A1 - Schumacher, Hermann A1 - Ziegler, Volker T1 - Special Issue on 60 GHz Wireless Communication Circuits and Systems Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Glaser, Ronny A1 - Schwitzke, Marko A1 - Wiebusch, D. T1 - Hilfsmittel für die Bemessung von stahlfaserverstärktem Stahlbeton Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwitzke, Marko T1 - Hilfsmittel für die Vorbemessung von Stahlbetonkonsolen Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwitzke, Marko A1 - Freyer, Thomas A1 - Semmler, C. T1 - Bemessungsnomogramme für Stahlbetonkonsolen Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klocek, Jolanta A1 - Kolanek, Krzysztof A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Spectroscopic and atomic force microscopy investigations of hybrid materials composed of fullerenes and 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane T2 - Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids Y1 - 2012 SN - 0022-3697 VL - 73 IS - 5 SP - 699 EP - 706 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Curbach, Manfred A1 - Jesse, Frank T1 - Textile-reinforced concrete - a building material success story: new developments, practical examples T2 - BFT-International Y1 - 2011 SN - 1865-6528 N1 - 55. Betontage - Nachhaltige Innovation, Neu-Ulm 2011 VL - 77 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gravert, Andreas T1 - Urban Adaptation Planning Framework: Linking Climate Change Action with Planning for Sustainable Urban Development in Ho Chi Minh City Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wendland, Frank A1 - Berthold, Georg A1 - Fritsche, Johann-Gerhard A1 - Herrmann, Frank A1 - Kunkel, Ralf A1 - Voigt, Hans-Jürgen A1 - Vereecken, Harry T1 - A conceptual hydrogeological model for evaluating residence times in Hessen KW - Conceptual hydrogeological model KW - Residence times KW - EU-WFD KW - Large-scale model KW - Hessen Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kiefer, Jens A1 - Bergert, Martin A1 - Rossdeutscher, Mario T1 - Mechatronic Objects in Production Engineering - A Key Enabler in Automotive Industry Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Brusch, Michael A1 - Stüber, Eva T1 - Usefulness of a Priori Information About Customers for Market Research: An Analysis for Personalisation Aspects in Retailing Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Storch, Harry A1 - Downes, Nigel K. T1 - A Scenario-based Approach to Assess Ho Chi Minh City's Urban Development Strategies Against the Impact of Climate Change KW - spatial indicators KW - flood risk KW - urban development KW - scenario KW - vulnerability assessment KW - urbanization KW - Ho Chi Minh City KW - Vietnam KW - climate change Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dornack, Christina A1 - Brunn, L. A1 - Bilitewski, Bernd T1 - Application of laboratory scale experiments to industrial scale in case of anaerobic waste treatment T2 - Fresenius Environmental Bulletin Y1 - 2009 VL - 18 IS - 2 SP - 196 EP - 203 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Borcia, Rodica A1 - Bestehorn, Michael T1 - On the coalescence of sessile drops with miscible liquids T2 - European Physical Journal E Y1 - 2011 SN - 1292-8941 VL - 34 IS - 8 SP - 81 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Borcia, Rodica A1 - Menzel, Stefan A1 - Bestehorn, Michael A1 - Karpitschka, Stefan A1 - Riegler, Horst T1 - Delayed coalescence of droplets with miscible liquids: Lubrication and phasefield theories T2 - European Physical Journal E Y1 - 2011 SN - 1292-8941 VL - 34 IS - 3 SP - 11024-9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reif, Jürgen A1 - Varlamova, Olga A1 - Varlamov, Sergej A1 - Bestehorn, Michael T1 - The role of asymmetric excitation in self-organized nanostructure formation upon femtosecond laser ablation T2 - Applied Physics / A Y1 - 2011 SN - 1432-0630 VL - 104 IS - 3 SP - 969 EP - 973 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Varlamova, Olga A1 - Reif, Jürgen A1 - Varlamov, Sergej A1 - Bestehorn, Michael T1 - The laser polarization as control parameter in the formation of laser-induced periodic surface structures: Comparison of numerical and experimental results T2 - Applied Surface Science Y1 - 2011 SN - 0169-4332 VL - 257 IS - 12 SP - 5465 EP - 5469 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Borcia, Rodica A1 - Bestehorn, Michael T1 - Numerical simulations on delayed coalescence of droplets in confinedgeometries Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Borcia, Ion-Dan A1 - Bestehorn, Michael T1 - Simulation of pattern morphology in binary liquid mixtures Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kahlbau, Sebastian A1 - Bestle, Dieter T1 - Optimal Shift Control for Automatic Transmission T2 - Mechanics Based Design of Structures and Machines Y1 - 2013 SN - 1539-7742 VL - 41 IS - 3 SP - 259 EP - 273 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kleefeld, Andreas A1 - Lin, Tzu-Chu T1 - Boundary element collocation method for solving the exterior Neumann problem for Helmholtz's equation in three dimensions T2 - Electronic transactions on numerical analysis N2 - We describe a boundary integral equation that solves the exterior Neumann problem for the Helmholtz equation in three dimensions. The unique solution is found by approximating a Fredholm integral equation of the second kind with the boundary element collocation method. We prove uperconvergence at the collocation points, distinguishing the cases of even and odd interpolation. Numerical examples demonstrate the performance of the method solving the integral equation and confirm the superconvergence. KW - Fredholm integral equation of the second kind, Helmholtz's equation, exterior Neumann problem, boundary element collocation method, superconvergence Y1 - 2012 UR - http://etna.mcs.kent.edu/vol.39.2012/pp113-143.dir/pp113-143.pdf SN - 1068-9613 VL - 39 SP - 113 EP - 143 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kleefeld, Andreas T1 - The transmission problem for the Helmholtz equation in R³ T2 - Computational Methods in Applied Mathematics N2 - The problem under consideration is the three-dimensional transmission problem for time harmonic acoustic waves for two homogeneous media. A simply-connected and bounded region with sufficiently smooth boundary is immersed in an infinite medium. Each medium is c haracterized by the space independent wave number κ and the density μ. The system of boundary integral equations is reviewed as well as an existence and uniqueness result. The system is approximated by the boundary element collocation method and consistency, stability, and convergence is proved. In addition, superconvergence is proved and numerical results illustrate the agreement with these theoretical results. No numerical results seem to be reported for this method yet. KW - Helmholtz's equation; integral equation; transmission problem; boundary element method; superconvergence Y1 - 2012 UR - http://www.degruyter.com/view/j/cmam.2012.12.issue-3/cmam-2012-0008/cmam-2012-0008.xml?format=INT SN - 1609-4840 VL - 12 IS - 3 SP - 330 EP - 350 ER - TY - GEN A1 - McGrath, Gavan S. A1 - Sadler, R. A1 - Fleming, K. A1 - Tregoning, P. A1 - Hinz, Christoph A1 - Veneklaas, Erik J. T1 - Tropical cyclones and the ecohydrology of Australia's recent continental-scale drought Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GL050263 U6 - https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011GL050263 SN - 0094-8276 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bormann, Helge A1 - Holländer, Hartmut M. A1 - Blume, Theresa A1 - Buytaert, Wouter A1 - Chirico, Giovanni B. A1 - Exbrayat, Jean-Francois A1 - Gustafsson, David A1 - Hölzel, Herwig A1 - Kraft, Philipp A1 - Krauße, Thomas A1 - Nazemi, Ali A1 - Stamm, Christian A1 - Stoll, Sebastian A1 - Blöschl, Günter A1 - Flühler, Hannes T1 - Comparative discharge prediction from a small artificial catchment without model calibration: representation of initial hydrological catchment development Y1 - 2011 UR - http://www.boku.ac.at/diebodenkultur/volltexte/band-62/heft-1-4/bormann.pdf ER - TY - GEN A1 - Martienssen, Marion A1 - Kukla, S. A1 - Balcke, G. U. A1 - Hasselwander, E. A1 - Schirmer, M. T1 - Evidence of natural occurring MTBE biodegradation by analysing metabolites and biodegradation products Y1 - 2006 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Beckmann, Annika A1 - Gerhardt, Matthias A1 - Zittwitz, Mark A1 - Martienssen, Marion A1 - Krieg, Ronald A1 - Geistlinger, Helmut A1 - Schirmer, Mario T1 - Das Oxywall-Projekt: Anwendung eines Verfahrens zur Direktgasinjektion von Sauerstoff zur in situ Sanierung von organisch kontaminierten Grundwässern T2 - Altlastenspektrum Y1 - 2007 SN - 0942-3818 VL - 16 IS - 8 SP - 153 EP - 159 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Martienssen, Marion A1 - Reichel, O. A1 - Schirmer, M. T1 - Use of surfactants to improve the biological degradability of petroleum hydrocarbons Y1 - 2007 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klocek, Jolanta A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Kolanek, Krzysztof A1 - Zschech, Ehrenfried A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Spectroscopic and capacitance-voltage characterization of thin aminopropylmethoxysilane films doped with copper phthalocyanine, tris(dimethylvinylsilyloxy)-POSS and fullerene cages T2 - Applied surface science Y1 - 2012 SN - 0169-4332 VL - 258 IS - 10 SP - 4213 EP - 4221 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Martienssen, Marion A1 - Budahn, G. A1 - Gründl, Marlies T1 - Mikroorganismen im Waschprozeß T2 - UmweltMagazin Y1 - 1998 SN - 0173-363X VL - 27 IS - 9 SP - 42 EP - 43 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müsgens, Felix A1 - Peek, Markus T1 - Sind Kapazitätsmärkte in Deutschland erforderlich? - Eine kritische Analyse vor dem Hintergrund der ökonomischen Theorie T2 - Zeitschrift für neues Energierecht KW - Kapazitaetsmaerkte KW - Deutschland KW - ökonomischen Theorie Y1 - 2011 SN - 1434-3339 VL - 15 IS - 6 SP - 576 EP - 583 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Böckelmann, Uta A1 - Janke, Andrea A1 - Kuhn, Ramona A1 - Neu, Thomas R. A1 - Wecke, Jörg A1 - Lawrence, John R. A1 - Szewzyk, Ulrich T1 - Bacterial extracellular DNA forming a defined network-like structure Y1 - 2006 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Guiot, Serge R. A1 - Kuhn, Ramona A1 - Lévesque, M. J. A1 - Cimpoia, Ruxandra T1 - Ultrastructure of a bioelectrolytic methanogenic/methanotrophic granular biofilm for the complete degradation of tetrachloroethylene in contaminated groundwater Y1 - 2007 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Guiot, Serge R. A1 - Cimpoia, Ruxandra A1 - Kuhn, Ramona A1 - Alaplantive, Aude T1 - Electrolytic Methanogenic-methanotropic coupling for Tetrachloroethylene Bioremediation: A Proof of Concept T2 - Environmental science & technology Y1 - 2008 SN - 0013-936X VL - 42 IS - 8 SP - 3011 EP - 3017 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müsgens, Felix A1 - Steinhaus, Burkhard T1 - Portfoliomanagement: Optimale Energiebeschaffung unter Beruecksichtigung von Risiken KW - Portfoliomanagement KW - Energiebeschaffung Y1 - 2010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Scheele, Alexandra A1 - Annesley, Claire T1 - Gender Capitalism and Economic Crisis: Impact and Responses across Europe Y1 - 2011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Martienssen, Marion A1 - Schulze, R. A1 - Simon, J. T1 - Capacities and limits of three different technologies for the biological treatment of leachate from solid waste landfill sites Y1 - 1995 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Martienssen, Marion A1 - Simon, J. T1 - Effect of activated carbon on the biological treatment of oil-water emulsions Y1 - 1996 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Martienssen, Marion A1 - Schöps, R. T1 - Biological treatment of leachate from solid waste landfill sites - Alterations in the bacterial community during the denitrification process Y1 - 1997 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Becker, M. A1 - Martienssen, Marion A1 - Fuhrmann, Bernd A1 - Spohn, U. T1 - Analysing nitrogen and sulphide elimination from leachate by coulometric continuous flow titration Y1 - 1997 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jank, M. A1 - Köser, H. A1 - Lücking, F. A1 - Martienssen, Marion A1 - Wittich, S. T1 - Decolorization and degradation of Erioglaucine (Acid Blue 9) dye in wastewater Y1 - 1998 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kutscherra, M. A1 - Jost, W. A1 - Schlee, D. T1 - Isoenzymes of Nitrite Reduktase in higher plants-occurrence, purification and alteration during ontogenesis Y1 - 1987 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Martienssen, Marion A1 - Gründl, Marlies T1 - Einsatz trägerfixierter Mikroorganismen zur Eliminierung von PAH und Mineralölkohlenwasserstoffen aus kontaminierten Böden T2 - Chemie-Ingenieur-Technik Y1 - 1999 SN - 0009-286X VL - 71 IS - 6 SP - 624 EP - 628 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Martienssen, Marion T1 - Simultaneous catalytic detoxification and biodegradation of organic peroxides during the biofilm process Y1 - 2000 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Martienssen, Marion A1 - Gründl, Marlies T1 - Immobilized microorganisms for the degradation of PAH and hydrocarbons from contaminated soil Y1 - 2000 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Päßler, Sebastian A1 - Wolff, Matthias A1 - Fischer, Wolf-Joachim T1 - Food intake monitoring: An acoustical approach to automated food intake activity detection and classification of consumed food T2 - Physiological Measurement Y1 - 2012 UR - http://iopscience.iop.org/0967-3334/33/6/1073/pdf/0967-3334_33_6_1073.pdf SN - 1361-6579 VL - 33 IS - 6 SP - 1073 EP - 1093 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Thomas T1 - Einfluß von Winterweizen und Winterroggen in Fruchtfolgen mit unterschiedlichem Getreideanteil auf die mikrobielle Biomasse und die jahreszeitliche Kohlenstoffdynamik des Bodens T2 - Archiv für Acker- und Pflanzenbau und Bodenkunde Y1 - 1993 SN - 0365-0340 VL - 37 SP - 181 EP - 189 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hipp, Christiane A1 - Verworn, Birgit T1 - Das Wissen älterer Belegschaften - Vorbereitung auf den demografischen Wandel und ungenutzte Potenziale T2 - Industrie-Management Y1 - 2012 SN - 1434-1980 IS - 3 SP - 75 EP - 78 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weber, Karsten A1 - Bittner, Uta A1 - Manzeschke, Arne A1 - Rother, Elisabeth A1 - Quack, Friederike A1 - Dengler, Kathrin A1 - Fangerau, Heiner T1 - Taking patient privacy and autonomy more seriously: Why an Orwellian account is not sufficient T2 - American Journal of Bioethics KW - Ambient Assisted Living, Telecare Y1 - 2012 UR - http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/15265161.2012.699147 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2012.699147 SN - 1526-5161 VL - 12 IS - 9 SP - 51 EP - 53 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kleefeld, Andreas T1 - A modified boundary integral equation for solving the exterior Robin problem for the Helmholtz equation in three dimensions T2 - Applied Mathematics and Computation N2 - A boundary integral equation with modified fundamental solution to solve the exterior Robin problem for Helmholtz’s equation is considered. A specific choice of the coefficients of these added terms ensure the unique solvability and, in addition, they can be chosen to ensure the minimization of the least-squares difference of the modified and the exact Green’s function or the minimization of the condition number. Numerical results are reported showing the robustness and the superconvergence of the new method. KW - Boundary integral equation; Modified fundamental solution; Helmholtz equation; Exterior Robin problem; Superconvergence Y1 - 2012 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S009630031200848X# U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amc.2012.08.055 SN - 0096-3003 VL - 2012 IS - 219 SP - 2114 EP - 2123 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kemm, Friedemann T1 - A comparative study of TVD limiters - well known limiters and an introduction of new ones T2 - International Journal for Numerical methods in Fluids N2 - This paper gives a comparative study of TVD-limiters for standard explicit Finite Volume schemes. In contrast to older studies it includes also unsymmetrical limiter functions which depend on the local CFL-number. We classify the limiters and show how to extend these families of limiters. We introduce a new member of the Superbee family, which is adapted to Roe's linear third-order scheme. Based on an idea by Serna and Marquina, new smooth limiters are introduced, which turn the van~Leer and van~Albada limiters into complete classes of limiters. The comparison of the limiters is done with some standard test cases. The results clarify the influence of the chosen limiter on the quality of the numerical results. Compared to ENO or WENO schemes, they also show the high resolution, which can be obtained by a CFL-number dependent limiter when the grid is not highly refined. KW - total variation diminishing KW - finite volumes KW - limiter Y1 - 2011 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/fld.2357/abstract;jsessionid=CB2EEF03FA7F60EC2462A289F8C3E5DE.d01t02?deniedAccessCustomisedMessage=&userIsAuthenticated=false U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/fld.2357 VL - 67 IS - 4 SP - 404 EP - 440 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meer, Klaus T1 - On Ladnerʼs result for a class of real machines with restricted use of constants T2 - Information and Computation Y1 - 2012 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0890540111001507# SN - 0890-5401 VL - 210 SP - 13 EP - 20 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Baartse, Martijn A1 - Barmpalias, George T1 - On the gap between trivial and nontrivial initial segment prefix-free complexity T2 - Theory of Computing Systems N2 - An infinite sequence X is said to have trivial (prefix-free) initial segment complexity if the prefix-free Kolmogorov complexity of each initial segment of X is the same as the complexity of the sequence of 0s of the same length, up to a constant. We study the gap between the minimum complexity K(0 n ) and the initial segment complexity of a nontrivial sequence, and in particular the nondecreasing unbounded functions f such that (⋆) for a nontrivial sequence X, where K denotes the prefix-free complexity. Our first result is that there exists a $\varDelta^{0}_{3}$ unbounded nondecreasing function f which does not have this property. It is known that such functions cannot be $\varDelta^{0}_{2}$ hence this is an optimal bound on their arithmetical complexity. Moreover it improves the bound $\varDelta^{0}_{4}$ that was known from Csima and Montalbán (Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 134(5):1499–1502, 2006). Our second result is that if f is $\varDelta^{0}_{2}$ then there exists a non-empty $\varPi^{0}_{1}$ class of reals X with nontrivial prefix-free complexity which satisfy (⋆). This implies that in this case there uncountably many nontrivial reals X satisfying (⋆) in various well known classes from computability theory and algorithmic randomness; for example low for Ω, non-low for Ω and computably dominated reals. A special case of this result was independently obtained by Bienvenu, Merkle and Nies (STACS, pp. 452–463, 2011). KW - Kolmogorov complexity – Initial segment prefix-free complexity – K-triviality – Low for Ω Y1 - 2012 UR - http://www.springerlink.com/content/h0k3581g7202p574/ SN - 1433-0490 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Petersen, Lars A1 - Süß, Hendrik T1 - Torus invariant divisors T2 - Israel Journal of Mathematics N2 - Using the language of Altmann, Hausen and Süß, we describe invariant divisors on normal varieties X which admit an effective codimension one torus action. In this picture, X is given by a divisorial fan on a smooth projective curve Y. Cartierdivisors on X can be described by piecewise affine functions h on the divisorial fan S whereas Weil divisors correspond to certain zero and one-dimensional faces of it. Furthermore, we provide descriptions of the divisor class group and the canonical divisor. Global sections of line bundles O(D h ) will be determined by a subset of a weight polytope associatedto h, and global sections of specific line bundles on the underlying curve Y. Y1 - 2011 UR - 10.1007/s11856-011-0039-z SN - 0021-2172 SN - 1565-8511 VL - 182 IS - 1 SP - 481 EP - 504 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ramm, Arne A1 - Kutzleb, Anne A1 - Hipp, Christiane T1 - Erfolgsfaktoren für das strategische Innovationsmanagement der Produktion T2 - Zeitschrift für wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb Y1 - 2012 UR - http://www.zwf-online.de/ta003/na20120320125076/ar2125311356-916/INPRO-Innovationsakademie-Mai-2012_archiv.html VL - 107 IS - 5 SP - 287 EP - 292 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lange, Astrid A1 - Pitsoulis, Athanassios T1 - Sources of politico-economic attitudes: Students' introspections T2 - Social Psychology of Education: An International Journal Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11218-012-9195-1 SN - 1573-1928 VL - 16 IS - 1 SP - 45 EP - 76 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kleefeld, Andreas A1 - Brazauskas, Vytaras T1 - A statistical application of the quantile mechanics approach: MTM estimators for the parameters of t and gamma distribution T2 - European Journal of Applied Mathematics N2 - In this paper, we revisit the quantile mechanics approach, which was introduced by Steinbrecher and Shaw (Steinbrecher, G. & Shaw, W. T. (2008) Quantile mechanics. European. J. Appl. Math. 19, 87–112). Our objectives are (i) to derive the method of trimmed moments (MTM) estimators for the parameters of gamma and Student's t distributions, and (ii) to examine their large- and small-sample statistical properties. Since trimmed moments are defined through the quantile function of the distribution, quantile mechanics seems like a natural approach for achieving objective (i). To accomplish the second goal, we rely on the general large sample results for MTMs, which were established by Brazauskas et al. (Brazauskas, V., Jones, B. L. & Zitikis, R. (2009) Robust fitting of claim severity distributions and the method of trimmed moments. J. Stat. Plan. Inference 139, 2028–2043), and then use Monte Carlo simulations to investigate small-sample behaviour of the newly derived estimators. We find that, unlike the maximum likelihood method, which usually yields fully efficient but non-robust estimators, the MTM estimators are robust and offer competitive trade-offs between robustness and efficiency. These properties are essential when one employs gamma or Student's t distributions in such outlier-prone areas as insurance and finance. KW - Point estimation (62F10); Asymptotic properties of estimators (62F12); Robustness and adaptive procedures (62F35); Method of trimmed moments (62F99); Computational problems in statistics (65C60) Y1 - 2012 UR - http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=8678315 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/S0956792512000137 SN - 0956-7925 VL - 23 IS - 5 SP - 593 EP - 610 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dolezych, Martina A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Gröschke, Andreas T1 - Pinuxylon succiniferum (GOEPPERT) KRAEUSEL emend. DOLEZYCH - amberized wood from GOEPPERT T2 - Mauritiana Y1 - 2011 SN - 0233-173X VL - 22 SP - 43 EP - 60 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kangwanpongpan, Tanin A1 - Franca, Francis H. R. A1 - Correa da Silva, Rodrigo A1 - Smith Schneider, Paulo A1 - Krautz, Hans Joachim T1 - New correlations for the weighted-sum-of-gray-gases model in oxy-fuel conditions based on HITEMP 2010 database T2 - International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2012.07.032 SN - 0017-9310 VL - 55 IS - 25-26 SP - 7419 EP - 7433 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Scheele, Alexandra ED - Jacobsen, Heike ED - Bluhm, Katharina ED - Hirsch-Kreinsen, Hartmut ED - Kratzer, Nick ED - Voß, G. Günter T1 - Die Kategorie "Geschlecht" im Krisendiskurs und politischen Krisenmanagement T2 - Arbeits- und Industriesoziologische Studien : Online-Journal der Sektion Arbeits- und Industriesoziologie in der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Soziologie Y1 - 2012 VL - 5 IS - 1 SP - 17 EP - 29 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Geppert, Helmut A1 - Fischer, Thomas T1 - CHROMATOGRAPHIE-Festphasenmikroextraktion von polaren Verbindungen T2 - Labor Praxis Y1 - 2009 SN - 0344-1733 VL - 33 IS - 1 SP - 46 EP - 47 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoppe, Annette T1 - Technikstress - Beanspruchung durch Technik T2 - ErgoMed : Zeitschrift für praktische Arbeitsmedizin, Arbeitshygiene und Umweltmedizin Y1 - 2012 VL - 36 IS - 4 SP - 6 EP - 16 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Djajadi, Lynette K. Abbott A1 - Hinz, Christoph T1 - Synergistic impacts of clay and organic matter on structural and biological properties of a sandy soil T2 - Geoderma N2 - Clay and organic matter, when incorporated together in a sandy soil, improved soil aggregation in association with both microbial activity and soil strength. Incorporation of clay into sandy agricultural soils in south-western Australia is a practice used to overcome water repellence, but the addition of high levels of clay can cause hardsetting. We investigated the extent to which addition of clay and organic matter would improve aggregate stability of a sandy agricultural soil from Meckering, Western Australia without negatively affecting soil strength. Four levels of subsoil clay and three levels of lucerne hay were compared in topsoil incubated for up to 42 days at two temperatures. Addition of both clay and lucerne hay together increased stable aggregation and the longer the period of incubation, the greater the macroaggregate stability. A decrease in soil respiration associated with increasing level of clay added may be related to protection of organic matter. Soil strength increased when the amount of clay alone was increased, but addition of both clay and organic matter decreased soil strength. Soil amelioration with 5% clay and 0.8% organic matter was most effective at improving the stability of macroaggregates without hardsetting. The non-linear relationships observed demonstrate the importance of understanding interactions between biological and physical components of soil fertility in relation to the sustainability of land management practices. KW - Aggregate stability KW - Soil strength KW - Microbial biomass carbon KW - Kaolin KW - Lucerne hay Y1 - 2012 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016706112001255 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2012.03.012 SN - 0016-7061 VL - 183–184 SP - 19 EP - 24 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gwenzi, Willis A1 - Veneklaas, Erik J. A1 - Bleby, Timothy M. A1 - Yunusa, Isa A.M. A1 - Hinz, Christoph T1 - Transpiration and plant water relations of evergreen woody vegetation on a recently constructed artificial ecosystem under seasonally dry conditions in Western Australia T2 - Hydrological Processes N2 - Understanding transpiration and plant physiological responses to environmental conditions is crucial for the design and management of vegetated engineered covers. Engineered covers rely on sustained transpiration to reduce the risk of deep drainage into potentially hazardous wastes, thereby minimizing contamination of water resources. This study quantified temporal trends of plant water potential (ψp), stomatal conductance (gs), and transpiration in a 4-year-old evergreen woody vegetation growing on an artificial sandy substrate at a mine waste disposal facility. Transpiration averaged 0.7 mm day−1 in winter, when rainfall was frequent, but declined to 0.2 mm day−1 in the dry summer, when the plants were quite stressed. In winter, the mean ψp was −0.6 MPa at predawn and −1.5 MPa at midday, which were much higher than the corresponding summer values of −2.0 MPa and −4.8 MPa, respectively. The gs was also higher in winter (72.1–95.0 mmol m−2 s−1) than in summer (<30 mmol m−2 s−1), and negatively correlated with ψp (p < 0.05, r2 = 0.71–0.75), indicating strong stomatal control of transpiration in response to moisture stress. Total annual transpiration (147.2 mm) accounted for only 22% of the annual rainfall (673 mm), compared with 77% to 99% for woody vegetation in Western Australia. The low annual transpiration was attributed to the collective effects of a sparse and young vegetation, low moisture retention of the sandy substrate, and a superficial root system constrained by high subsoil pH. Amending the substrate with fine-textured materials should improve water storage of the substrate and enhance canopy growth and deep rooting, while further reducing the risk of deep drainage during the early stages of vegetation establishment and in the long term. Overall, this study highlights the need to understand substrate properties, vegetation characteristics, and rainfall patterns when designing artificial ecosystems to achieve specific hydrological functions. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. KW - deep drainage KW - potentially hazardous wastes KW - low moisture retention KW - sap flow measurements KW - shallow rooted KW - vegetated engineered covers Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.8330 SN - 1099-1085 VL - 26 IS - 21 SP - 3281 EP - 3292 ER - TY - GEN A1 - McGrath, Gavan S. A1 - Paik, Kyungrock A1 - Hinz, Christoph T1 - Microtopography alters self-organized vegetation patterns in water-limited ecosystems T2 - Journal of Geophysical Research N2 - In terrestrial systems limited by water availability the spatial distribution of vegetation can self-organize into a mosaic of vegetated patches and bare soil. Spatially extensive competition for water and short-range facilitation underpin many models that describe the process of vegetation pattern formation. Earlier studies investigating this self-organized patchiness have largely considered smooth landscapes. However, topographic variations can significantly alter the redistribution of surface water flow and therefore the pattern-forming process. Here, we consider how microtopographic variations, at the scale of individual plants, alters self-organized vegetation patterns with the use of a simple ecohydrological model. We show that increasing microtopography can induce a change from banded vegetation, oriented across the slope, to irregular drainage patterns, oriented in the downslope direction. The mechanism responsible is shown to be a change in the spatial redistribution of infiltration around plants and plant patches. Only small increases in microtopography are required to cause banded systems with weak facilitation to change to downslope-oriented patterns. When non-periodic boundary conditions were considered, band orientation tended to become oblique to the topographic contour and in some circumstances their migration upslope ceased. These results suggest that diffusive sediment transport processes may be essential for the maintenance of regular periodic vegetation patterns, which implies that erosion may be critical for understanding the susceptibility of these ecosystems to catastrophic shifts. KW - ecohydrology KW - hillslope KW - microtopography KW - self-organization KW - vegetation pattern Y1 - 2012 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2011JG001870 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JG001870 SN - 0148-0227 VL - 117 IS - G03021 SP - 1 EP - 19 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gerlich, Stefan A1 - Weger, Peter T1 - A Narrow-band 8.7 GHz SiGe HBT LNA with a Passive Frequency Selective Feedback T2 - Frequenz N2 - This paper presents a low noise amplifier (LNA) with differential output using a passive frequency selective feedback. The introduced feedback stabilizes the amplifier at lower frequencies and improves the gain in the desired frequency band. The LNA consists of two stages. Additionally, a buffer at the output is added for measurements. The amplifier was implemented in a 0.35 μm SiGe technology. For measurements the LNA was bonded to a substrate. A peak gain of 28.1 dB and a minimum noise figure of 2.2 dB at a supply voltage of 3 V were achieved. KW - LNA KW - Radiofrequency Integrated Circuits Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/freq-2012-0037 SN - 0016-1136 SN - 2191-6349 VL - 66 IS - 7-8 SP - 183 EP - 188 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmitt, Ingo A1 - Zellhöfer, David T1 - Interaktives Information-Retrieval auf der Basis der Polyrepräsentation T2 - Informatik Spektrum Y1 - 2011 SN - 0170-6012 VL - 33 IS - 3 SP - 183 EP - 194 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sauvigny, Friedrich T1 - Flächen vorgeschriebener mittlerer Krümmung mit eineindeutiger Projektion auf eine Ebene T2 - Mathematische Zeitschrift Y1 - 1982 SN - 0025-5874 VL - 180 IS - 1 SP - 41 EP - 67 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sauvigny, Friedrich T1 - On the total number of branch points of quasi-minimal surfaces bounded by a polygon T2 - Analysis Y1 - 1988 SN - 0174-4747 VL - 8 SP - 297 EP - 304 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sauvigny, Friedrich T1 - On immersions of constant mean curvature: Compactness results and finiteness theorems for Plateau's problem T2 - Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis Y1 - 1990 SN - 0003-9527 VL - 110 IS - 2 SP - 125 EP - 140 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sauvigny, Friedrich T1 - Curvature estimates for immersions of minimal surface type via uniformization and theorems of Bernstein type T2 - Manuscripta Mathematica Y1 - 1990 SN - 0025-2611 VL - 67 SP - 69 EP - 97 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Merzsch, Matthias A1 - Lechner, Stefan A1 - Krautz, Hans Joachim T1 - Heat-transfer from single horizontal tubes in fluidized beds: Influence of tube diameter, moisture and diameter-definition by Geldart C fines content T2 - Powder Technology Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2012.12.002 SN - 1873-328X ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lehrack, Sebastian A1 - Saretz, Sascha T1 - Evaluating Logic-Based Scoring Functions on Uncertain Relational Data T2 - Journal of Information and Data Management Y1 - 2012 SN - 2178-7107 VL - 3 IS - 3 SP - 348 EP - 363 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sauvigny, Friedrich T1 - A priori estimates of the principal curvatures for immersions of prescribed mean curvature and theorems of Bernstein type T2 - Mathematische Zeitschrift Y1 - 1990 SN - 0025-5874 VL - 205 IS - 1 SP - 567 EP - 582 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sauvigny, Friedrich A1 - Hildebrandt, Stefan T1 - Embeddedness and uniqueness of minimal surfaces solving a partially free boundary value problem T2 - Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik Y1 - 1991 SN - 0075-4102 VL - 422 SP - 69 EP - 89 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sauvigny, Friedrich T1 - A new proof of the gradient estimate for graphs of prescribed mean curvature T2 - Manuscripta mathematica Y1 - 1992 SN - 0025-2611 VL - 74 IS - 1 SP - 83 EP - 86 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sauvigny, Friedrich A1 - Hildebrandt, Stefan T1 - On one-to-one harmonic mappings and minimal surfaces T2 - Nachrichten der Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, 2. Mathematisch-Physikalische Klasse Y1 - 1992 SN - 0065-5295 IS - 3 SP - 73 EP - 93 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sauvigny, Friedrich A1 - Hildebrandt, Stefan T1 - Uniqueness of stable minimal surfaces with partially free boundaries T2 - Journal of the Mathematical Society of Japan Y1 - 1995 SN - 0025-5645 VL - 47 IS - 3 SP - 423 EP - 440 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sauvigny, Friedrich T1 - Die zweite Variation von Minimalflächen im R-hoch-p mit polygonalem Rand T2 - Mathematische Zeitschrift Y1 - 1985 SN - 0025-5874 VL - 189 SP - 167 EP - 184 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sauvigny, Friedrich T1 - Ein Eindeutigkeitssatz für Minimalflächen im R-hoch-p mit polygonalem Rand T2 - Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik Y1 - 1985 SN - 0075-4102 VL - 358 SP - 92 EP - 96 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sauvigny, Friedrich T1 - On the Morse index of minimal surfaces in R-hoch-p with polygonal boundaries T2 - Manuscripta Mathematica Y1 - 1985 SN - 0025-2611 VL - 53 SP - 167 EP - 197 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, Frank T1 - The asymptotic behaviour of surfaces with prescribed mean curvature near meeting points of fixed and free boundaries T2 - Annali della Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa, Classe di Scienze Y1 - 2007 SN - 0391-173X VL - 6 IS - 4 SP - 529 EP - 559 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, Frank T1 - On the regularity of H-surfaces with free boundaries on a smooth support manifold T2 - Analysis Y1 - 2008 SN - 0174-4747 VL - 28 IS - 4 SP - 401 EP - 419 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ziems, Christian A1 - Tannert, Daniel A1 - Krautz, Hans Joachim T1 - Project presentation: Design and installation of advanced high pressure alkaline electrolyzer-prototypes T2 - Energy Procedia Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2012.09.087 SN - 1876-6102 VL - 29 SP - 744 EP - 753 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Martin, Bernd A1 - Pochekutov, Dimitry T1 - Discriminant and Singularities of Logarithmic Gauss Map, Examples and Application T2 - Journal of Siberian Federal University, Mathematik & Physics N2 - The study of hypersurfaces in a torus leads to the beautiful zoo of amoebas and their contours, whose possible configurations are seen from combinatorial data. There is a deep connection to the logarithmic Gauss map and its critical points. The theory has a lot of applications in many directions. In this report we recall basic notions and results from the theory of amoebas, show some connection to algebraic singularity theory and discuss some consequences from the well known classification of singularities to this subject. Moreover, we have tried to compute some examples using the computer algebra system SINGULAR and discuss different possibilities and their effectivity to compute the critical points. Here we meet an essential obstacle: Relevant examples need real or even rational solutions, which are found only by chance. We have tried to unify different views to that subject. KW - logarithmic Gauss map, singularities, discriminant, asymptotics, hypersurface amoeba Y1 - 2013 SN - 1997-1397 VL - 6 IS - 1 SP - 74 EP - 85 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kleefeld, Andreas A1 - Kirsch, Andreas T1 - The factorization method for a conductive boundary condition T2 - Journal of Integral Equations and Applications N2 - In this article, the inverse scattering problem for obstacles with conductive boundary conditions is considered. The problem at hand is solved with the Factorization Method; that is, the operator and its factorization is derived. To obtain generic far field data for several obstacles the boundary element method is employed to solve the integral equation numerically. The far field data are highly accurate due to superconvergence. Finally, we show that we are able to reconstruct several obstacles and thus confirm the validity of the new operator factorization. Y1 - 2012 UR - http://projecteuclid.org/euclid.jiea/1362669522 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1216/JIE-2012-24-4-575 SN - 0897-3962 VL - 24 IS - 4 SP - 575 EP - 601 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kober, Markus A1 - Kühhorn, Arnold T1 - Comparison of different failure criteria for fiber-reinforced plastics in terms of fracture curves for arbitrary stress combinations T2 - Composites Science and Technology KW - Failure Criteria KW - Fibre Reinforced Plastic Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2012.08.007 SN - 0266-3538 VL - 72 IS - 15 SP - 1941 EP - 1951 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pohle, Ina A1 - Koch, Hagen A1 - Grünewald, Uwe T1 - Potential climate change impacts on the water balance of subcatchments of the River Spree, Germany T2 - Advances in Geosciences N2 - Lusatia is considered one of the driest regions of Germany. The climatic water balance is negative even under current climate conditions. Due to global climate change, increased temperatures and a shift of precipitation from summer to winter are expected. Therefore, it is of major interest whether the excess water in winter can be stored and to which extent it is used up on increasing evapotranspiration. Thus, this study focuses on estimating potential climate change impacts on the water balance of two subcatchments of the River Spree using the Soil and Water Integrated Model (SWIM). Climate input was taken from 100 realisations each of two scenarios of the STatistical Analogue Resampling scheme STAR assuming a further temperature increase of 0 K (scenario A) and 2 K by the year 2055 (scenario B) respectively. Resulting from increased temperatures and a shift in precipitation from summer to winter actual evapotranspiration is supposed to increase in winter and early spring, but to decrease in later spring and early summer. This is less pronounced for scenario A than for scenario B. Consequently, also the decrease in discharge and groundwater recharge in late spring is lower for scenario A than for scenario B. The highest differences of runoff generation and groundwater recharge between the two scenarios but also the highest ranges within the scenarios occur in summer and early autumn. It is planned to estimate potential climate change for the catchments of Spree, Schwarze Elster and Lusatian Neisse. Y1 - 2012 UR - http://www.adv-geosci.net/32/49/2012/adgeo-32-49-2012.pdf U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-32-49-2012 SN - 1680-7359 VL - 32 SP - 49 EP - 53 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Coletti, Janaine Z. A1 - Hinz, Christoph A1 - Vogwill, Ryan A1 - Hipsey, Matthew R. T1 - Hydrological controls on carbon metabolism in wetlands T2 - Ecological Modelling N2 - Governed by a series of non-linear feedback mechanisms among water, vegetation and decomposers, carbon storage within wetlands is important on a global scale. However, the effect that climatic fluctuations have on those mechanisms is not well documented. In this study, we introduce a mechanistic model connecting hydrology, vegetation and microbial biomass to investigate how changes in the climate signal propagate through wetland ecosystems, via vegetation and microbial dynamics, and attempt to quantify how net rates of wetland carbon metabolism change in response to a changing climate. Our particular focus is the dryland–wetland systems found in south-west Western Australia (SWWA), as they are expected to be sensitive to projected climatic changes due to their close linkage to the seasonal water delivery pattern. The model simulations investigate wetland carbon retention under different hydro-climatological conditions ranging across a regional gradient in the dryness index. The results indicate that short term and long term vegetation responses may be counter-intuitive due to adaptability in the water uptake strategy of the vegetation community partially decoupling biomass from water availability. Furthermore, changes in water delivery are not a good indicator for overall changes in wetland metabolism, defined as the net rate of carbon assimilation, due to the dominance of the soil carbon storages and their sensitivity to heightened bacterial metabolism rates with increasing temperatures. The results highlight that an optimum combination of water supply and vegetation leads to a higher percentage of carbon being stored in soils, therefore increasing the resistance of the carbon storage to changes in precipitation. The model presented here provides a first step to explain how changing patterns of rainfall, temperature and evapotranspiration can change carbon cycling characteristics and the carbon retention efficiency of dryland–wetlands. KW - Ecohydrological model KW - Wetland metabolism KW - Carbon storage KW - Vegetation KW - Semi-arid KW - Climate change Y1 - 2013 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304380012003353 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2012.07.010 SN - 0304-3800 VL - 249 SP - 3 EP - 18 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kleefeld, Andreas T1 - The exterior problem for the Helmholtz equation with mixed boundary conditions in three dimensions T2 - International Journal of Computer Mathematics N2 - In this article, a new integral equation is derived to solve the exterior problem for the Helmholtz equation with mixed boundary conditions in three dimensions, and existence and uniqueness is proven for all wave numbers. We apply the boundary element collocation method to solve the system of Fredholm integral equations of the second kind, where we use constant interpolation. We observe superconvergence at the collocation nodes and illustrate it with numerical results for several smooth surfaces. KW - Helmholtz equation, integral equation, mixed boundary conditions, boundary element collocation method, superconvergence Y1 - 2012 UR - http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00207160.2012.709932 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/00207160.2012.709932 SN - 0020-7160 SN - 1029-0265 VL - 89 IS - 17 SP - 2392 EP - 2409 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hölzel, Herwig A1 - Diekkrüger, Bernd A1 - Biemelt, Detlef A1 - Gädeke, Anne T1 - Impact of dumped sediment structures on hydrological modelling in the artificial Chicken Creek catchment, Germany T2 - Journal of Hydrology N2 - Summary Revealing the hydrological impact of sediment structures promises a better understanding of the influence of the spatial variability of sediment properties on the hydrological patterns and processes at the catchment scale. To improve the knowledge of structure-process interactions in initial ecosystems, the 6-ha artificial Chicken Creek Catchment in Germany was investigated by the Transregional Collaborative Research Centre 38 (SFB/TRR 38). Sediment structures called pour-ribs, which are dumped by stackers during the construction process, lead to differently compacted sediment zones, which increase the spatial variability of sediments’ hydraulic properties. Although levelled afterwards by bulldozers, the majority of these structures remain in the subsurface. To analyse the effects of pour-ribs on the hydrological catchment’s behaviour, the process-based spatially distributed Water balance Simulation Model (WaSiM-ETH) was applied. The results show that the consideration of pour-ribs improves the runoff simulation and significantly affects the simulated soil moisture patterns and, thereby, the initial stage of the ecosystem development. Compacted zones act as hydraulic barriers and inhibit subsurface lateral water flow, whereas non-compacted zones constitute areas with increased water storage capacity. Both effects cause reduced catchment runoff. Moreover, disregarding of the pour-ribs was identified as a source of model uncertainty in previous studies. A further outcome of this study is the importance of a global sensitivity analysis as a tool for model improvement. Finally, the results stress the importance of considering the variability of sediment properties for hydrological modelling at the catchment scale. KW - Process-based hydrological modelling KW - Hydrological pattern and processes KW - Structure-process interactions KW - Initial ecosystem development Y1 - 2013 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022169412010086# U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2012.11.029 SN - 0022-1694 VL - 477 SP - 189 EP - 202 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zolochevsky, Alexander A1 - Parkhomenko, Larisa A1 - Kühhorn, Arnold T1 - Analysis of oxygen exchange-limited transport and chemical stresses in perovskite-type hollow fibers T2 - Materials Chemistry and Physics KW - Perovskite Structure Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2012.05.031 SN - 0254-0584 VL - 135 IS - 2-3 SP - 594 EP - 603 ER - TY - GEN A1 - de Silva, Tina A1 - Kühhorn, Arnold A1 - Golze, Mark T1 - Homogenization of thin structured sheet metals by using FEM T2 - Proceedings in applied mathematics and mechanics : PAMM KW - Structured Sheets KW - FEA Y1 - 2012 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/pamm.v12.1/issuetoc U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.201210104 N1 - GAMM 2012, 83rd Annual Scientific Conference, Darmstadt, 26. - 30. März 2012 VL - 12 IS - 1 SP - 227 EP - 228 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zolochevsky, Alexander A1 - Martynenko, Alexander A1 - Kühhorn, Arnold T1 - Structural benchmark creep and creep damage testing for finite element analysis with material tension–compression asymmetry and symmetry T2 - Computers and Structures KW - Creep KW - Creep Damage KW - Finite Element Analysis Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruc.2012.02.021 SN - 0045-7949 VL - 100-101 SP - 27 EP - 38 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Baier, Daniel A1 - Daniel, Ines A1 - Frost, Sarah A1 - Naundorf, Robert T1 - Image Data Analysis and Classification in Marketing T2 - Advances in Data Analysis and Classification Y1 - 2012 SN - 1862-5347 VL - 6 IS - 4 SP - 253 EP - 276 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Sarradj, Ennes A1 - Giesler, Jens T1 - Application of a Beamforming Technique to the Measurement of Airfoil Leading Edge Noise T2 - Advances in Acoustics and Vibration Y1 - 2012 SN - 1687-6261 N1 - Article ID 905461 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sarradj, Ennes T1 - Three-Dimensional Acoustic Source Mapping with Different Beamforming Steering Vector Formulations T2 - Advances in Acoustics and Vibration Y1 - 2012 SN - 1687-6261 N1 - Article ID 292695 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Heiko A1 - Klein, Rupert T1 - A generalized level-set/in-cell-reconstruction approach for accelerating turbulent premixed flames T2 - Combustion Theory and Modelling N2 - An extended numerical technique for the simulation of accelerating turbulent premixed flames in large scale geometries is presented. It is based on a hybrid capturing tracking technique. It resembles a tracking scheme in that the front geometry is explicitly computed using a level-set method. The basic flow properties are provided by solving the compressible flow equations. The flame-flow-coupling is achieved by an in-cell-reconstruction technique. In cells cut by the flame, the discontinuous solution is reconstructed from given cell averages by invoking explicitly some Rankine-Hugoniot type jump conditions. Then the reconstructed states and again the front geometry are used to define accurate effective numerical fluxes across grid cell interfaces intersected by the front during the time step considered. Hence, the scheme also resembles a capturing scheme in that only cell averages of conserved quantities are computed. To be able to model inherently unsteady effects, like quenching, reignition, etc, during flame acceleration, we modified the standard Rankine-Hugoniot jump conditions. A source term appearing in the& modified jump conditions is computed by evaluating a suitable functional on the basis of a one-dimensional flame structure module, that is attached in the normal direction to the flame front. This module additionally yields quantities such as the net mass burning rate, necessary for the propagation of the level set, and the specific heat release important for the energy release due to the consumption of fuel. Generally, the flame structure calculation takes into account internal physical effects which are not active in the outer flow but essential for the front motion and its feedback on the surrounding fluid. If a suitable set of different (turbulent) combustion models to compute the flame structure is provided, the new numerical technique allows us to consistently represent laminar deflagrations, fast turbulent deflagrations as well as detonation waves. Supplemented with suitable criteria that capture the essence of a deflagration-to-detonation-transition (DDT), the complete evolution of such an event can be implemented in principle. Y1 - 2003 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1364-7830/7/2/303 SN - 1364-7830 VL - 7 IS - 2 SP - 243 EP - 267 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vogel, J. A1 - Keller, J. A1 - Sviridov, Alexander A1 - Feige, H.-J. A1 - Kreyssig, K. A1 - Auersperg, J. A1 - Plass, P. A1 - Walter, H. T1 - Characterisation of Strength Behavior of Aluminium Foam Sandwiches Under Static Load T2 - Strain : an international journal for experimental mechanics N2 - Cellular metals, particularly aluminium foams, are increasingly used in automotive, railcar and aircraft industries due to their advantages such as low density, comparatively high stiffness, noise damping or non-flammability. From this point of view a new powder-compact forming and foaming technique has been developed to manufacture 3D-aluminium foam sandwich (AFS) parts for components of railcars without glued joint between the foamed core layer and both cover sheets. Three different stages of foam expansion have been analysed to describe the material properties. We have characterised samples made of plane AFS panels by compression, bending and shear tests. The shear strain is optically measured by digital image correlation to estimate the shear modulus of foamed sandwiches. Furthermore, these experimentally determined values and curves are the basis for the verification and optimisation of finite element models by design of experiments. As a result of this work, recommendations could be derived for improving technological parameters. KW - aluminium foam sandwich KW - bending and shear test KW - mechanical properties Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-1305.2008.00522.x SN - 0039-2103 VL - 47 IS - Suppl. 1 SP - e234 EP - e242 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Winkler, Herwig A1 - Slamanig, Michael T1 - Exploring and defining different forms of product change projects in high variety manufacturing environments T2 - European Journal of Management Y1 - 2013 IS - 1 SP - 23 EP - 32 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Goßlau, Dirk A1 - Steinberg, Peter T1 - Vorausschauende Kühlsystemregelung zur Verringerung des Kraftstoffverbrauchs T2 - Motortechnische Zeitschrift N2 - In diesem Beitrag wird die Kühlsystemregung um eine vorausschauende, das Fahrerverhalten und die Fahrzeugumgebung berücksichtigende Komponente erweitert. Grundgedanke ist die Ausnutzung der thermischen Trägheiten von Bauteilen und Fluiden, um die mittleren Bauteiltemperaturen anzuheben, ohne die serienmäßigen Spitzentemperaturen zu überschreiten. Mit dem vorausschauenden Regeler konnten sigifikante Verbrauchsverringerungen nachgewiesen werden, di ohne zusätzliche Sensoren/Aktoreb realisiert werden können. Verwendet wurde dafür ein Ottomotor mit Saugrohreinspritzung. KW - CO2 Emissionen KW - Kraftstoffverbrauch KW - Effizientssteigerung KW - Kühlsysteme KW - Vorausschau Y1 - 2012 SN - 0024-8525 VL - 73 IS - 2 SP - 162 EP - 171 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Harlander, Uwe A1 - Wenzel, Julia A1 - Alexandrov, Kiril A1 - Wang, Yongtai A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Simultaneous PIV- and thermography-measurements of partially blocked flow in a heated rotating annulus T2 - Experiments in Fluids Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-011-1195-y SN - 1432-1114 VL - 52 IS - 4 SP - 1077 EP - 1087 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Woll, Ralf T1 - Qualität erfordert Integration T2 - Industrie Management Y1 - 1996 VL - 12 IS - 4 SP - 65 EP - 68 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Malikov, Viatcheslav A1 - Ossenbrink, Ralf A1 - Viehweger, Bernd A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Analytical and numerical calculation of the force and power requirements for air bending of structured sheet metals T2 - Key Engineering Materials KW - air bending, structured sheet metal, simulation Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.473.602 SN - 1013-9826 VL - Vol. 473 SP - 602 EP - 609 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stüber, Eva A1 - Schreiber, Stefanie A1 - Baier, Daniel T1 - Die Bedeutung der Personalisierung im Internethandel – Eine SERVQUAL-basierte Wirkungsmessung am Beispiel einer Internetapotheke T2 - Marketing ZFP – Journal of Research and Management Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.15358/0344-1369-2012-3-165 SN - 0344-1369 VL - 34 IS - 3 SP - 165 EP - 178 ER - TY - GEN ED - Baier, Daniel ED - Decker, Reinhold T1 - Special Issue on Data Analysis and Classification in Marketing T2 - Advances in Data Analysis and Classification Y1 - 2012 SN - 1862-5347 VL - 6 IS - 4 SP - 249 EP - 251 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bäsler, Maurice A1 - Woll, Ralf T1 - Qualitätsmanagement einmal anders T2 - Controller Magazin Y1 - 2005 IS - 5 SP - 175 EP - 178 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Oevermann, Michael A1 - Schmidt, Heiko A1 - Kerstein, Alan R. T1 - HCCI combustion modeling using detailed chemistry coupled to LEM-based advection T2 - Combustion and Flame Y1 - 2008 SN - 1556-2921 VL - 155 IS - 3 SP - 370 EP - 379 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schulz, Falko T. A1 - Glawe, Christoph A1 - Schmidt, Heiko A1 - Kerstein, Alan R. T1 - Toward modeling of CO2 multi-phase flow patterns using a stochastic multi-scale approach T2 - Environmental Earth Sciences Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-013-2461-5 SN - 1866-6299 VL - 70 IS - 8 SP - 3739 EP - 3748 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Q. M. A1 - Garkas, Wagdi A1 - Flores Renteria, Arturo A1 - Leyens, Christoph A1 - Lee, H. W. A1 - Kim, K. H. T1 - Oxidation behaviour of Ti–Al–C films composed mainly of a Ti2AlC phase T2 - Corrosion Science Y1 - 2011 SN - 0010-938X VL - 53 IS - 9 SP - 2948 EP - 2955 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lindemann, Janny T1 - Surface Effects on the Mechanical Properties of Gamma Titanium Aluminides T2 - Materials Science Forum Y1 - 2011 SN - 1662-9752 IS - 706-909 SP - 1071 EP - 1076 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Steinberg, Falk A1 - Woll, Ralf T1 - Damit der Ersteindruck stimmt - Wie wahrnehmungsbestimmende Merkmale greifbar werden T2 - Qualität und Zuverlässigkeit Y1 - 2012 SN - 0720-1214 VL - 57 IS - 12 SP - 54 EP - 55 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Steinberg, Falk A1 - Woll, Ralf T1 - Approaches to support an alternative selection for difficult-to-quantify characteristics in product development T2 - Total Quality Management & Business Excellence Y1 - 2013 SN - 1478-3363 VL - 24 IS - 7-8 SP - 797 EP - 810 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Winkler, Herwig A1 - Seebacher, Gottfried T1 - Using process capability analysis to evaluate supply chain flexibility based on order lead time and order processing cost deviations T2 - European Journal of Management Y1 - 2013 SN - 1555-4015 VL - 13 IS - 1 SP - 95 EP - 106 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Winkler, Herwig A1 - Slamanig, Michael T1 - Investigation of product change projects in companies with multi-variant serial production T2 - Journal of International Management Studies Y1 - 2013 IS - 1 SP - 65 EP - 74 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hipp, Christiane A1 - Callego, Jorge A1 - Rubalcaba, Luis T1 - Shaping innovation in European knowledge-intensive business services T2 - Service Business : an International Journal Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11628-013-0217-7 SN - 1862-8508 N1 - INBAM 2012 Annual Conference, Track, Valencia, Spanien, 2012 ER - TY - GEN A1 - König, Hartmut T1 - Network Attack Detection and Defense T2 - Praxis der Informationsverarbeitung und Kommunikation : (PIK) Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/pik-2012-0001 SN - 0930-5157 VL - 35 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vogel, Michael A1 - Rietz, René A1 - Schmerl, Sebastian T1 - Automated Generation of Precise Signatures T2 - Praxis der Informationsverarbeitung und Kommunikation : (PIK) Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/pik-2012-0007 SN - 0930-5157 VL - 35 IS - 1 SP - 40 EP - 45 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Graner, Marc A1 - Mißler-Behr, Magdalena T1 - The use of methods in new product development: A Review of Empirical Literature T2 - International Journal of Product Development Y1 - 2012 SN - 1741-8178 VL - 16 IS - 2 SP - 158 EP - 184 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tikhovskiy, I. A1 - Fischer, Annette A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Cyclic deformation behaviour of austenitic CrMnMoN steel in solution annealed and cold worked states T2 - High nitrogen steels : international conference Y1 - 2004 IS - 2 SP - 259 EP - 263 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hipp, Christiane A1 - Callego, Jorge A1 - Rubalcaba, Luis T1 - Services and organisational innovation: the right mix for value creation T2 - Management Decision Y1 - 2013 VL - 51 IS - 6 SP - 1117 EP - 1134 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weiß, Sabine A1 - Meißner, Andreas A1 - Fischer, Alfons T1 - Microstructural changes within similar coronary stents produced from two different austenitic steels T2 - Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials Y1 - 2009 SN - 1751-6161 VL - 2 IS - 2 SP - 210 EP - 216 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kerstein, Alan R. A1 - Schmidt, Heiko A1 - Nédélec, Renaud A1 - Wunsch, Scott A1 - Sayler, Ben J. T1 - Analysis and numerical simulation of a laboratory analog of radiatively induced cloud-top entrainment T2 - Bulletin of the American Physical Society Dynamics Y1 - 2010 UR - http://meetings.aps.org/Meeting/DFD10/Event/133814 N1 - 63rd Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Fluid Dynamics, November 21–23, 2010, Long Beach, California VL - 55 IS - 16 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Annette A1 - Meissner, Andreas A1 - Brauer, H. A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Stent fatigue testing according to in vivo strain cycles T2 - Journal of Biomechanics Y1 - 2006 SN - 1873-2380 VL - 39 IS - Suppl. 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Annette A1 - Tikhovskiy, I. A1 - Büscher, R. A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Mechanische und tribologische Eigenschaften hochstickstoffhaltigen Austeniten T2 - Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik Y1 - 2006 SN - 1521-4052 VL - 39 IS - 9 SP - 747 EP - 754 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weiß, Sabine A1 - Meissner, Andreas T1 - Ermüdung und Mikrostruktur von koronaren Stents T2 - Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik Y1 - 2006 SN - 1521-4052 VL - 37 IS - 9 SP - 755 EP - 761 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Alfons A1 - Weiß, Sabine A1 - Wimmer, Markus A. T1 - The Tribological Difference between Biomedical Steels and CoCrMo-Alloys T2 - Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials Y1 - 2012 SN - 1878-0180 VL - 9 SP - 50 EP - 62 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ranjbarnodeh, Eslam A1 - Weiß, Sabine A1 - Hanke, Stefanie A1 - Fischer, Annette T1 - EBSD characterization of the effect of welding parameters on HAZ of AISI409 T2 - Journal of Mining and Metallurgy : B Y1 - 2012 SN - 1450-5339 VL - 48 IS - 1 SP - 115 EP - 121 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Amer, A. E. A1 - Weiß, Sabine A1 - Fischer, Annette T1 - Improvement of fatigue resistance of low-nickel stainless steels for biomedical applications compared to CoCr-alloys T2 - Steel grips Y1 - 2009 SN - 1866-8453 VL - 7 IS - 6 SP - 457 EP - 461 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weiß, Sabine A1 - Szymczak, H. A1 - Meissner, Andreas T1 - Fatigue and endurance of coronary stents T2 - Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik Y1 - 2009 SN - 1521-4052 VL - 40 IS - 1-2 SP - 61 EP - 64 ER - TY - GEN A1 - McGrath, Gavan S. A1 - Nie, Zhengyao A1 - Dyskin, Arcady A1 - Byrd, Tia A1 - Jenner, Rowan A1 - Holbeche, Georgina A1 - Hinz, Christoph T1 - In situ fragmentation and rock particle sorting on arid hills T2 - Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface N2 - Transport processes are often proposed to explain the sorting of rock particles on arid hillslopes, where mean rock particle size often decreases in the downslope direction. Here we show that in situ fragmentation of rock particles can also produce similar patterns. A total of 93,414 rock particles were digitized from 880 photographs of the surface of three mesa hills in the Great Sandy Desert, Australia. Rock particles were characterized by the projected Feret's diameter and circularity. Distance from the duricrust cap was found to be a more robust explanatory variable for diameter than the local hillslope gradient. Mean diameter decreased exponentially downslope, while the fractional area covered by rock particles decreased linearly. Rock particle diameters were distributed lognormally, with both the location and scale parameters decreasing approximately linearly downslope. Rock particle circularity distributions showed little change; only a slight shift in the mode to more circular particles was noted to occur downslope. A dynamic fragmentation model was used to assess whether in situ weathering alone could reproduce the observed downslope fining of diameters. Modeled and observed size distributions agreed well and both displayed a preferential loss of relatively large rock particles and an apparent approach to a terminal size distribution of the rocks downslope. We show this is consistent with a size effect in material strength, where large rocks are more susceptible to fatigue failure under stress than smaller rocks. In situ fragmentation therefore produces qualitatively similar patterns to those that would be expected to arise from selective transport. KW - mesa KW - size sorting KW - fragmentation KW - sediment transport KW - rock KW - weathering Y1 - 2013 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2012JF002402/abstract U6 - https://doi.org/10.1029/2012JF002402 SN - 2169-9011 VL - 118 IS - 1 SP - 17 EP - 28 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kemm, Friedemann T1 - On the origin of divergence errors in MHD simulations and consequences for numerical schemes T2 - Communications in Applied Mathematics and Computational Science N2 - This paper investigates the origin of divergence errors in MHD simulations. For that purpose, we introduce the concept of discrete involutions for discretized conservation laws. This is done in analogue to the concept of involutions for hyperbolic conservation laws, introduced by Dafermos. By exploring the connection between discrete involutions and resonance, especially for constrained transport like MHD, we identify the lack of positive central viscosity and the assumption of one-dimensional physics in the calculation of intercell fluxes as the main sources of divergence errors. As an example of the consequences for numerical schemes, we give a hint how to modify Roe-type schemes in order to decrease the divergence errors considerably and, thus, stabilize the scheme. KW - involutions KW - magnetohydrodynamics KW - plasma physics KW - resonance KW - hyperbolic PDE KW - finite volume method KW - finite differences Y1 - 2013 UR - http://msp.org/camcos/2013/8-1/p01.xhtml U6 - https://doi.org/10.2140/camcos.2013.8.1 SN - 2157-5452 SN - 1559-3940 VL - 8 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 38 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Burkhardt, Marko A1 - Busch, Günter T1 - Methanation of hydrogen and carbon dioxide T2 - Applied Energy Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.04.080 SN - 0306-2619 IS - 111 SP - 74 EP - 79 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Frossard, Aline A1 - Gerull, Linda A1 - Mutz, Michael A1 - Gessner, Mark O. T1 - Shifts in microbial community structure and function in stream sediments during experimentally simulated riparian succession T2 - FEMS Microbiology Ecology KW - stream sediments Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/1574-6941.12072 SN - 0168-6496 VL - 84 IS - 2 SP - 398 EP - 410 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meer, Klaus T1 - Some initial thoughts on bounded query computations over the reals T2 - International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1142/S0129054112400618 SN - 0129-0541 N1 - Special Issue on 'Frontier between Decidability and Undecidability and Related Problem' VL - 23 IS - 7 SP - 1499 EP - 1510 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Riebel, Ulrich A1 - Lübbert, Christian A1 - Lebedynskyy, Sergiy T1 - Elektroabscheider – es gibt noch viel zu tun T2 - Chemie Ingenieur Technik KW - Elektroabscheider; Quench Y1 - 2012 SN - 0009-286X VL - 84 IS - 7 SP - 1099 EP - 1113 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Steinbrückner, Frank A1 - Lewerentz, Claus T1 - Understanding software evolution with software cities T2 - Information Visualization N2 - Software cities are visualizations of software systems in the form of virtual cities. They are used as platforms to integrate a large variety of product- and process-related analysis data. Their usability, however, for real-world software development often suffers from their inability to appropriately deal with software changes. Even small structural changes can disrupt the overall structure of the city, which in turn corrupts the mental maps of its users. In this article we describe a systematic approach to utilize the city metaphor for the visualization of evolving software systems as growing software cities. The main contribution is a new layout approach which explicitly takes the development history of software systems into account. The approach has two important effects: first, it creates a stable gestalt of software cities even when the underlying software systems evolve; thus, by preserving its users’ mental maps these cities are especially suitable for use during ongoing system development. Second, it makes history directly visible in the city layouts, which allows for supporting novel analysis scenarios. We illustrate such scenarios by presenting several thematic cities’ maps, each capturing specific development history aspects. KW - software cities KW - software landscapes KW - software evolution KW - software visualization KW - metrics KW - software comprehension Y1 - 2013 UR - http://ivi.sagepub.com/content/12/2/200 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/1473871612438785 SN - 1473-8716 SN - 1473-8724 VL - 12 IS - 2 SP - 200 EP - 216 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berger, Ulrich A1 - Lebedynska, Yuliya A1 - Minhas, Sarfraz Ul-Haque T1 - Incorporating Intelligence and development of knowledge acquisition system in an automated manufacturing environment T2 - International Journal of Systems Applications, Engineering & Development N2 - This paper focuses on the systematic methodology for incorporating intelligence and development methodology for knowledge acquisition system in an automated manufacturing environment. The intelligence is incorporated in the shape of technology data catalogue that contains the knowledge about production system as a whole. The knowledge acquisition system is implemented in the form of a multiuser scalable interface into remote human machine interface devices (e.g. Personal Digital Assistants) with a purpose of extracting concrete and precise information and knowledge about manufacturing systems and processes in highly automated manufacturing environment. The extraction of precise knowledge as well as organized access to the knowledge will facilitates the operators, technicians and engineers for making faster, safer and simpler on-process modifications and parameters optimization. KW - knowledge acquisition system Y1 - 2008 VL - 2 IS - 2 SP - 58 EP - 65 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herzog, Nicoleta A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Numerical prediction of pressure drop and particle separation efficiency of some vane-type dust filters T2 - Powder Technology Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2013.04.050 SN - 0032-5910 VL - 245 SP - 265 EP - 272 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herzog, Nicoleta A1 - Gorenz, Paul A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - CFD modeling of high pressurized CO2 released from onshore pipeline leakages T2 - Environmental Earth Sciences Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-013-2536-3 SN - 1866-6299 VL - 80 IS - 8 SP - 3749 EP - 3759 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Merbold, Sebastian A1 - Brauckmann, Hannes A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Torque measurements and numerical determination in differentially rotating wide gap Taylor-Couette flow T2 - Physical Review E Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.87.023014 SN - 1550-2376 VL - 87 IS - 2 SP - 023014 -1 EP - 023014 -4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lorenz, Werner A1 - Kaiser, Christiane T1 - Strukturfindungsprozesse der Spätrenaissance - Planung und Bau der Fleischbrücke Nürnberg (1596-1598) T2 - Bautechnik Y1 - 2012 SN - 0932-8351 VL - 89 IS - 62 SP - 119 EP - 127 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Graf, Patricia T1 - One policy fits all? Regional innovation policy in Jalisco T2 - International Journal of Innovation and Regional Development Y1 - 2012 SN - 1753-0679 VL - 4 IS - 2 SP - 160 EP - 179 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kleefeld, Andreas A1 - Lin, Tzu-Chu T1 - A Global Galerkin Method for Solving the Exterior Neumann Problem for the Helmholtz Equation Using Panich's Integral Equation Approach T2 - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing N2 - We describe a boundary integral equation that solves the exterior Neumann problem for the Helmholtz equation in three dimensions for smooth obstacles that can be described globally in spherical coordinates. The unique solution is found by approximating the Fredholm integral equation of the second kind with the Galerkin method, where the basis functions are spherical harmonics. This leads to a fast method for small and medium wave numbers, since the system of equations is of size smaller than 64. To smooth the integrand a new map is introduced which significantly improves the accuracy. Numerical results for several smooth surfaces are presented. KW - Fredholm integral equation of the second kind KW - Helmholtz equation KW - exterior Neumann problem KW - Galerkin method Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1137/120873066 SN - 1064-8275 SN - 1095-7197 VL - 35 IS - 3 SP - A1709 EP - A1735 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meinz, Jörg A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut T1 - Zum vereinfachten rechnerischen Nachweis von Klebverbindungen im Stahlbau T2 - Bauingenieur KW - Stahlbau Y1 - 2011 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 86 IS - 6 SP - 262 EP - 268 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Robra, Jörgen T1 - Eurocode - Bemessung und Konstruktion von Stahlbauten T2 - Bauingenieur KW - Stahlbau Y1 - 2011 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 86 IS - 7/8 SP - 336 EP - 347 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Michling, Marcel A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Resonant Photoemission at the O1s threshold to characterize β-Ga2O 3 single crystals T2 - IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering N2 - We report on spectroscopic investigations on β-Ga2O3single crystals. We focus on the detailed analysis of the O1s resonance profile by resonant photoelectron spectroscopy. We analyze the electronic structure and assign the O2p to build the valence band and both, O2p and Ga4s4p states to contribute to the conduction band. We determine the partial density of states for the valence and conduction bands and find a strong hybridization of O2p and Ga4s states. This is deduced from constant final state spectra on the O-KLL-Auger over the O K-edge and Ga L2,3-edge and a comparison to the corresponding X-ray absorption spectroscopy data. We also identify several types of defects. A broad band of oxygen derived defects is identified that extends through-out the gap. Small polarons are attributed to cause an anti-resonance in the valence states around the O1s threshold. In addition, a separate Auger decay at resonance indicates the existence of localized charge transfer states which involves localized Ga4sp states. KW - resonant photoelectron spectroscopy KW - Ga2O3 Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/34/1/012002 SN - 1757-8981 IS - 34 SP - 012002 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, Klaus A1 - Richter, Matthias A1 - Friedrich, Daniel A1 - Paloumpa, Ioanna A1 - Kramm, Ulrike Ingrid A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Spectroscopic characterization of Cobalt–Phthalocyanine electrocatalysts for fuel cell applications T2 - Solid State Ionics N2 - For polymer–electrolyte–membrane fuel cells (PEM-FC), platinumcatalysts on carbon based substrates are state of the art, due to high electrochemical activity and chemical stability in acid electrolytes. High costs of platinum force investigations of alternative catalysts. With respect to the oxygen reduction reaction, possible candidates are transition metal (TM) complexes like TM-porphyrines or TM-phthalocyanines. Pyrolysis on carbon based substrates improves the catalytic activity. Highest activities were found for Fe or Co as transition metal centers. We present results of the pyrolysis of Co-phthalocyanine (CoPc) on carbon black. Besides an investigation of morphology by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and chemical composition by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) during pyrolysis, we present a near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) study of the chemical composition for the related annealing steps. This investigation is accompanied by an electrochemical characterization of the catalytic activity and selectivity. The XPS and NEXAFS data indicate a decomposition of the CoN4(chelate-) complex during pyrolysis. The N1s data for 800 °C show graphite-like, formally pyrrolic and pyridinic like features, without any significant contri-bution of Co. The Co2p data for both, XPS and NEXAFS are dominated by CoO/Co2O3. It can be concluded that during the pyrolysis cobalt particles are formed by the disintegration of CoN4-centers, after pyrolysis these par-ticles become oxidized upon contact with air. KW - Co-phthalocyanine KW - Catalysis KW - Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) KW - XPS KW - NEXAFS Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssi.2011.12.013 SN - 1872-7689 IS - 216 SP - 78 EP - 82 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Robra, Jörgen A1 - Bachmann, Volkmar T1 - Wellstegträger mit größeren Stegblechdicken - Fertigungstechnologie und Tragverhalten T2 - Bauingenieur Y1 - 2009 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 84 IS - 10 SP - 415 EP - 419 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Bartholomé, Susanne Elisabeth T1 - Versuche zu Stahlträgern mit strukturiertem Steg T2 - Bauingenieur Y1 - 2012 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 87 IS - 10 SP - 417 EP - 422 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Manzeschke, Arne A1 - Weber, Karsten A1 - Fangerau, Heiner A1 - Rother, Elisabeth A1 - Quack, Friederike A1 - Dengler, Kathrin A1 - Bittner, Uta T1 - Letter to the Editor: An ethical evaluation of telemedicine applications must consider four major aspects – A comment on Kidholm et al. T2 - International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care KW - Telemedicine KW - Ethical evaluation Y1 - 2013 UR - http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=8839375 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/S0266462312000773 SN - 0266-4623 VL - 29 IS - 1 SP - 110 EP - 111 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Frey, Rüdiger A1 - Gabih, Abdelali A1 - Wunderlich, Ralf T1 - Portfolio optimization under partial information with expert opinions T2 - International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219024911006486 VL - 15 IS - 1 SP - 1250009-1 EP - 1250009-17 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rademacher, Antje A1 - Nolte, Christine A1 - Schönberg, Mandy A1 - Klocke, Michael T1 - Temperature increases from 55 to 75 A degrees C in a two-phase biogas reactor result in fundamental alterations within the bacterial and archaeal community structure T2 - Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-012-4348-x SN - 0175-7598 VL - 96 IS - 2 SP - 565 EP - 576 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schönberg, Mandy A1 - Linke, Bernd T1 - The influence of the temperature regime on the formation of methane in a two-phase anaerobic digestion process T2 - Engineering in life sciences Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/elsc.201100062 SN - 1618-0240 VL - 12 IS - 3 SP - 279 EP - 286 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Muha, Ivo A1 - Grillo, Alfio A1 - Heisig, Michael A1 - Schönberg, Mandy A1 - Linke, Bernd A1 - Wittum, Gabriel T1 - Mathematical modeling of process liquid flow and acetoclastic methanogenesis under mesophilic conditions in a two-phase biogas reactor T2 - Bioresource Technology Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2011.11.087 SN - 0960-8524 VL - 106 SP - 1 EP - 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kolanek, Krzysztof A1 - Tallarida, Massimo A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Height distribution of atomic force microscopy images as a tool for atomic layer deposition characterization T2 - Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology : A N2 - The authors propose the analysis of surface height histograms as a tool for the atomic layer deposition (ALD) growth characterization in the initial stage of the process. ALD of HfO2 on a Si(100)/SiO2 substrate was investigated in situ by ultra high vacuum atomic force microscope working in noncontact mode. The ALD cycles, made by using tetrakis-di-methyl-amido-Hf and H2O as precursors, were performed at 230 C. After each ALD cycle, the relation between the film growth and the root mean square surface roughness was studied. Parameters equivalent to HfO2 layer thickness, coverage, and surface roughness of the substrate and deposited material can be calculated in the proposed routine. KW - Atomic layer deposition (ALD) KW - Atomic force microscopy KW - HfO2 KW - height distribution Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1116/1.4754557 VL - 31 IS - 1 SP - 01A104-1 EP - 01A104-9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klocek, Jolanta A1 - Kolanek, Krzysztof A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Zschech, Ehrenfried A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Influence of the fullerene derivatives and cage polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes on 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane based hybrid nanocomposites chemical, morphological and electrical properties T2 - Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids N2 - In this study we produced 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane based hybrid nanocomposites using fullerene derivative [6,6]–phenyl–C61–butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) as nanodopants. Additionally, we modified obtained material with incompletely condensed cage polyhedral oligomeric silsesqiuox-anes (POSS) in order to improve its properties. Thin films were deposited by means of the spin-coating method. The films were characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and capacitance–voltage (CV) measurements. We observed that a properly chosen PCBM concentration may be a crucial factor to obtain high quality APTMS based films by the spin-coating technique. XPS revealed the presence of the C-NH-C species within POSS containing films indicating chemical interaction between the amino group of APTMS and the POSS molecules. AFM results suggest that at high POSS monomer concentration in the range of 1% the creation of fractal-shaped aggregates takes place. The CV characterization of the samples exhibits a decrease of the APTMS based films dielectric constant due to the POSS and PCBM contribution. The combination of the applied methods delivers complementary information concerning the properties of the analyzed films. KW - low-k KW - fullerene KW - aminopropyltrimethoxysilane KW - silsesqiuoxane KW - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) KW - Atomic force microscopy (AFM) KW - Capacitance voltage (CV) Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpcs.2012.08.013 SN - 0022-3697 VL - 74 IS - 1 SP - 135 EP - 145 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kukli, Kaupo A1 - Dimri, Mukesh Chandra A1 - Tamm, Aile A1 - Kemell, Marianna A1 - Käämbre, Tanel A1 - Vehkamäki, Marko A1 - Puttaswamy, Manjunath A1 - Stern, Raivo A1 - Kuusik, Ivar A1 - Kikas, Arvo A1 - Tallarida, Massimo A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Ritala, Mikko A1 - Leskelä, Markku T1 - Structural and Magnetic Studies on Iron Oxide and Iron-Magnesium Oxide Thin Films Deposited Using Ferrocene and (Dimethylaminomethyl)ferrocene Precursors T2 - ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology N2 - Iron oxide and magnesium-doped iron oxide films were grown by atomic layer deposition in the temperature range of 350–500 ◦C from ferrocene, (dimethylaminomethyl)ferrocene, magnesiumβ-diketonate, and ozone. Phase composition of the films depended on the deposition temperature, as magnetite and/or maghemite tended to form instead of hematite upon lowering the temperature. Iron oxide layers were also mixed with magnesium oxide by alternate deposition of MgO and Fe2O3 which also favored the formation of magnetite or maghemite structure prior to hematite. Scanning electron microscopy implied the smoothening of the films after doping with magnesium oxide. Magnetometry was used to study the effects of temperature and doping levels on the magnetic properties of the films. KW - iron oxide KW - iron magnesium oxide KW - GIXRD KW - Raman spectroscopy KW - X-Ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) KW - scanning electron microscopy (SEM) KW - magnetization Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1149/2.004303jss SN - 2162-8769 VL - 2 IS - 3 SP - N45 EP - N54 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Popovici, Mihaela A1 - Delabie, Annelies A1 - Adelmann, Christoph A1 - Meersschaut, Johan A1 - Franquet, Alexis A1 - Tallarida, Massimo A1 - Berg, Jaap van den A1 - Richard, Olivier A1 - Swerts, Johan A1 - Tomida, Kazuyuki A1 - Kim, Min-Soo A1 - Tielens, Hilde A1 - Bender, Hugo A1 - Conard, Thierry A1 - Jurczak, Malgorzata A1 - Elshocht, Sven van A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Understanding the Interface Reactions of Rutile TiO2 Grown by Atomic Layer Deposition on Oxidized Ruthenium T2 - ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology N2 - The atomic layer deposition of titanium oxide TiO2 on ruthenium and oxidized ruthenium with titanium methoxide as metal precursor and H2O and O3 as oxidant was investigated by Rutherford backscattering (RBS) and time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOFSIMS). An ultra-thin layer of TiO2 deposited a priori with H2O plays the role of protection of Ru(Ox) substrates against etching by O3. Information about thin films (∼3 nm) interfacial reactions, thickness and structure was brought by Medium Energy Ion Scattering Spectroscopy (MEIS) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) measurements. The growth enhancements observed in the first stages of the deposition depends on the pre-treatment (pre-oxidation, H2O based interlayer thickness) of the Ru substrate. Thick films (∼14 nm) were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The as deposited TiO2 films are crystalline with rutile structure, as resulted from structural analyzes. However, the presence of small amounts of anatase was detected by soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and is strongly influenced by the surface pre-treatment of the Ru substrate. The electrical properties (equivalent oxide thickness and leakage current density) correlate with a different rutile/anatase ratio present in the films. KW - TiO2 KW - atomic layer deposition KW - rutile KW - RuOx KW - Rutherford backscattering (RBS) KW - time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOFSIMS) KW - Medium Energy Ion Scattering Spectroscopy (MEIS) KW - X-Ray absorption spectroscopy KW - transmission electron microscopy (TEM) KW - X-ray diffraction (XRD) Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1149/2.035301jss SN - 2162-8769 VL - 2 IS - 1 SP - N23 EP - N27 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Christian B. A1 - Rohrbeck, Magdalena A1 - Wehner, Stefan A1 - Richter, Matthias A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Interlayer formation of diamond-like carbon coatings on industrial polyethylene: Thickness dependent surface characterization by SEM, AFM and NEXAFS T2 - Applied Surface Science N2 - The coating of materials with diamond-like carbon (DLC) is a very common way to change and improve their basic characteristics. Although DLC is used on several substrates, the chemical and physical properties throughout the coating process on plastics are yet sparsely investigated. Two types of protective coatings one sp3-enriched (robust, r-type) and one with more sp2-centers (flexible, f-type) have been realized on polyethylene by PECVD deposition. SEM and AFM analysis of coated samples of DLC types revealed diverse surface topographies on different scales and images appeared even differently smoothed by the carbonaceous deposits. Grains of both DLC types are platelet-shaped and nearly double in size for the robust type indicating fundamental differences in the epitaxial DLC growth. NEXAFS spectroscopy showed significant details of carbon centers in chemically different neighborhood displaying a characteristic fingerprint behavior. Comparison of deposition models revealed a mechanism of interlayer formation which is discussed in detail. Interlayer formation is clearly the appropriate explanation of the process for the current carbon deposition between these two unequal materials. An improved understanding of hard DLC and soft polyethylene assembly is given in the presented work. KW - Diamond-like carbon KW - Interlayer formation KW - Polyethylene KW - Surface characterization KW - Coatings KW - Plastics Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2013.01.210 SN - 0169-4332 IS - 271 SP - 381 EP - 389 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Richter, Matthias A1 - Paloumpa, Ioanna A1 - Friedrich, Daniel A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Multiple Auger Decay At Resonant Photo-Excitation In Carbon Thin Films T2 - ECS Transactions N2 - We use resonant photoemission at the C1s edge to study the electronic structure of HOPG, graphene flakes and monolayer graphene. We find remarkable differences in the profile of the Auger decay channels, which we attribute to an additional multiple-Auger with a three-hole final state. A prerequisite for the appearance of this decay mechanism is the existence of localized excitonic states, which cause the appearance of the multiple Auger decay. We use those effects to identify the existence and the quantity of such defect states within the π*-band regime in carbon thin films, because the intensity of the three-hole Auger decay is varying with the defect density of the carbon films. We find that the appearance of the multiple Auger decay is different for multilayer and monolayer graphene. In particular the interaction of impurities leads to broadening of the C1s core levels. The three-hole Auger decay spectroscopy is a new method to detect such contaminations with a high sensitivity. KW - resonant photoelectron spectroscopy KW - graphene KW - HOPG KW - X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) KW - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1149/05020.0009ecst VL - 50 IS - 20 SP - 9 EP - 21 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Richter, Matthias A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Spin states in Co-PI catalysts T2 - Applied Physics Letters N2 - Cobalt based oxygen evolution catalysts (Co-PI, PI=electrodeposited from pH 7 phosphate) are studied by resonant photoemission spectroscopy at the Co L3 and O1s edge. For the individual Co3d states, we determine their configuration, their spin, and their energy level relative to the Fermi energy. We identify the Co divalent high spin state and the trivalent low spin state. In addition, we also find the corresponding oxygen-to-metal charge transfer states. We attribute the trivalent charge transfer state to be the active state for the oxygen evolution reaction. KW - resonant photoelectron spectroscopy KW - CoPI KW - oxygen evolution reaction Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4811748 SN - 1077-3118 IS - 102 SP - 253904-1 EP - 253904-4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Richter, Matthias A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - The Co2p Oxidation State In Co-PI Catalysts T2 - ECS Transactions N2 - The electronic structure of Cobalt based catalysts used for photocatalytic water splitting in solar cells is analyzed using synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy. The catalyst films are prepared by electrochemical deposition. We employ a X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study to analyze the Co2p and O1s core levels,absorption edges and valence bands. We discuss our resonant data in terms of the partial density of states of the valence and conduction band. We find a difference in the Co oxidation state as a function of film thickness (deposited charge). From the relative amount of Co, O, K and P we favor the molecular cobaltate cluster-like structure as the structural motif of the Co-PI catalyst. KW - X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) KW - X-Ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) KW - CoPI KW - oxygene evolution KW - water oxydation Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1149/05049.0113ecst VL - 50 IS - 49 SP - 113 EP - 126 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tallarida, Massimo A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - In situALD experiments with synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy T2 - Semiconductor Science and Technology N2 - In this contribution, we describe some features of atomic layer deposition (ALD) investigated by means of synchrotron radiation photoelemission spectroscopy (SR-PES). In particular, we show how the surface sensitivity of SR-PES combined with the in situ nature of our investigations can point out interactions between the substrate and ALD precursors. We observed changes on all substrates investigated, included Si, GaAs, Ru and their surface oxides. These interactions are extremely important during the first ALD cycles and induce modifications in the substrate, which might lead to its functionality enhancement. KW - Atomic layer deposition (ALD) KW - in situ KW - photoelectron spectroscopy Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/0268-1242/27/7/074010 SN - 1361-6641 VL - 27 IS - 7 SP - 074010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Stephan A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Electronic structure of cobalt–nickel mixed oxides T2 - Solid State Ionics N2 - We investigate the electronic structure of cobalt–nickel mixed oxides by means of SR-based electron spectroscopy. We vary the Co–Ni content systematically and find that the most significant changes in the spectroscopic data occur at a mixing ratio of 30/70. We analyze the electronic structure of this material in detail and we are able to distinguish between pure covalent contributions, which cause a band gap of about 6 eV and empty defect states, whichfill the band gap almost completely. These defects are associated with the formation of 3d7L charge transfer states. These are correlated defect states and are identified by resonant photo-emission spectroscopy. KW - Transition metals KW - Oxides KW - Resonant photoemission KW - X-ray absorption spectroscopy Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssi.2012.06.009 SN - 1872-7689 IS - 225 SP - 737 EP - 741 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mandal, Dipankar A1 - Müller, Klaus A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - The effect of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurement on P(VDF-TrFE) copolymer thin films T2 - Applied Surface Science N2 - The impact of prolonged X-ray irradiation during X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurement was investigated on poly(vinylidene-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)) thin films. It was observed that prolonged X-ray irradiation can accelerate the crosslinking of P(VDF-TrFE) and diminish the ferroelectric phase. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) data indicate that the ferroelectric phase diminishes completely after 360 kJ of X-ray irradiation dose and it induces the paraelectric phase. In this work, the main emphasis was given to the optimization of the X-ray irradiation dose during XPS measurements to maintain the ferroelectric phase within the copolymer films. KW - P(VDF-TrFE) copolymer thin film KW - XPS measurement KW - X-ray irradiation KW - Ferroelectric to paraelectric phase transformation Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2012.07.144 SN - 0169-4332 SN - 1873-5584 IS - 261 SP - 209 EP - 213 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tallarida, Massimo A1 - Adelmann, Christoph A1 - Delabie, Annelies A1 - van Elshocht, Sven A1 - Caymax, Matty A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - GaAs clean up studied with synchrotron radiation photoemission T2 - IOP Conference Series : Materials Science and Engineering N2 - In this contribution we describe the chemical changes at the surface of GaAs upon adsorption of tri-methyl-aluminum (TMA). TMA is used to grow Al2O3 with atomic layer deposition (ALD) usually using H2O as oxygen source. Recently, it was pointed out that the adsorption of TMA on various III-V surfaces reduces the native oxide, allowing the growth of an abrupt III-V/High-K interface with reduced density of defects. Synchrotron radiation photoemission spectroscopy (SR-PES) is a powerful method to characterize surfaces and interfaces of many materials, as it is capable todetermine their chemical composition as well as the electronic properties. We performed in-situ SR-PES measurements after exposing a GaAs surface to TMA pulses at about 250°C. Upon using the possibility of tuning the incident photon energy we compared the Ga3d spectra at 41 eV, 71 eV, 91 eV and 121 eV, as well as the As3d at 71 eV and 91 eV. Finally, we show that using SR-PES allows a further understanding of the surface composition, which is usually not accessible with other techniques. KW - photoemission spectroscopy KW - atomic layer deposition KW - GaAs Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/41/1/012003 SN - 1757-899X IS - 41 SP - 012003 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zaumseil, Peter A1 - Yamamoto, Yuji A1 - Bauer, Joachim A1 - Schubert, Markus Andreas A1 - Matejova, Jana A1 - Kozłowski, Grzegorz A1 - Schröder, Thomas A1 - Tillack, Bernd T1 - Preparation and Characterization of Ge Epitaxially Grown on Nano-structured Periodic Si Pillars and Bars on Si(001) Substrate T2 - Thin Solid Films Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2011.10.178 SN - 0040-6090 VL - 520 IS - 8 SP - 3240 EP - 3244 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mehnert, Grit A1 - Rücker, Jacqueline A1 - Nicklisch, Andreas A1 - Leunert, Franziska A1 - Wiedner, Claudia T1 - Effects of thermal acclimation and photoacclimation on lipophilic pigments in an invasive and a native cyanobacterium of temperate regions T2 - European Journal of Phycology KW - cyanobacteria Y1 - 2012 SN - 0967-0262 VL - 47 IS - 2 SP - 182 EP - 192 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Viehweger, Bernd A1 - Malikov, Viatcheslav T1 - Leichtbau durch Produktionsinnovationen T2 - Zeitschrift für wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb KW - Leichtbau Y1 - 2013 VL - 108 IS - 4 SP - 187 EP - 192 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mugler, Antje A1 - Starkloff, Hans-Jörg T1 - On the convergence of the stochastic Galerkin method for random elliptic partial differential equations T2 - ESAIM: Mathematical Modelling and Numerical Analysis Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1051/m2an/2013066 VL - 47 IS - 5 SP - 1237 EP - 1263 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cromme, Ludwig A1 - Völler, Heinz A1 - Gäbler, Falko A1 - Kunath, Jens A1 - Salzwedel, Annett A1 - Taborski, Uwe T1 - Wirkstoffdosierung der oralen Antikoagulation in der Praxis T2 - Diabetes, Stoffwechsel und Herz N2 - Auch nach jahrzehntelangem Einsatz von Phenprocoumon (PPC) in der oralen Antikoagulationstherapie bleibt die Wirkstoffdosierung eine große Herausforderung. Der durch einen Gerinnungstest (Bestimmung der Thromboplastinzeit) ermittelte INR-Wert als Maß für das Antikoagulationsniveau ist Resultat zahlreicher parallel ablaufender und sich überlagernder Prozesse. Dieses komplexe Ursachen-Wirkungs-Geflecht erschwert es auch erfahrenen Therapeuten, aus INR-Messungen geeignete Dosierungsempfehlungen herzuleiten. Anhand von Patientendaten aus einer kürzlich durchgeführten Studie, Patientendaten aus einer Datenbank und anhand schematischer Darstellungen verdeutlichen wir u. a. Zufallsprozesse, Kurzzeittrends, Scheintrends, zeitverzögerte Wirkung von Wirkstoffgaben, die zu bedrohlichen Fehleinschätzungen führen können. Unser Ziel ist zum einen, durch die dargestellten Beispiele für solche Situationen zu sensibilisieren und Hilfestellung für eine angemessene Reaktion zu geben. Zum anderen wird an den Beispielen deutlich, dass ein computergestützter Dosisrechner auch in komplexen, schwer einschätzbaren Situationen sachgerechte Dosierungsempfehlungen herleiten kann, wenn er das Dosis-INR-Verhalten des Patienten durch ein mathematisches Modell hinreichend genau funktionell nachvollzieht. KW - orale Antikoagulation, Phenprocoumon, Thromboplastinzeit, computergestützte Dosierung, Expertensystem Y1 - 2013 UR - http://www.diabetologie-online.de/a/1555337 SN - 1861-7603 VL - 22 IS - 1 SP - 29 EP - 37 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Muha, Ivo A1 - Zielonka, Simon A1 - Lemmer, Andreas A1 - Schönberg, Mandy A1 - Linke, Bernd A1 - Grillo, Alfio A1 - Wittum, Gabriel T1 - Do two-phase biogas plants separate anaerobic digestion phases? - A mathematical model for the distribution of anaerobic digestion phases among reactor stages T2 - Bioresource Technology Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2012.12.031 VL - 132 SP - 414 EP - 418 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dietz, Severine A1 - Lessmann, Dieter A1 - Boehrer, Bertram T1 - Contribution of solutes to density stratification in a meromictic lake (Waldsee/Germany) T2 - Mine Water and the Environment KW - meromictic lake Y1 - 2012 SN - 1025-9112 VL - 31 IS - 2 SP - 129 EP - 137 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Risse-Buhl, Ute A1 - Karsubke, Martina A1 - Schlief, Jeanette A1 - Baschien, Christiane A1 - Weitere, Markus A1 - Mutz, Michael T1 - Aquatic protists accelerate microbial activity associated with mineral surfaces and leaf litter T2 - Aquatic Microbial Ecology KW - stream biofolm Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3354/ame01564 SN - 0948-3055 VL - 66 IS - 2 SP - 133 EP - 147 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grünewald, Uwe T1 - „Bei der Hochwasserbewältigung hilft jeder jedem, bei der Hochwasservorsorge macht leider jeder seins.“ T2 - KW Korrespondenz Wasserwirtschaft N2 - Im Anschluss an die Augustfluten im Jahr 2002 hatte das Deutsche Komitee Katastrophenvorsorge (DKKV) die Studie „Hochwasservorsorge in Deutschland – Lernen aus der Katastrophe 2002 im Elbegebiet“ erarbeitet. Die Studie zeigte verschiedene Mängel der Hochwasservorsorge auf. Das Mängelspektrum reichte vom Bauen in hochwassergefährdeten Gebieten über unsichere Hochwasservorhersagen bis zum Fehlen von klaren Handlungsanweisungen. Im Anschluss an das Hochwasser wurden vor allem im Freistaat Sachsen verschiedene neue Hochwasserschutzkonzepte entwickelt und auch begonnen, diese schrittweise umzusetzen. Wichtige Erkenntnis aus dem aktuellen Hochwasser: Dort, wo die Konzepte umgesetzt wurden, konnten überzeugende Schadensminderungen erzielt werden. Dort, wo die Umsetzung jedoch durch langwierige Planungs- und Genehmigungsverfahren verzögert wurde, traten analog zu 2002 erhebliche Schäden ein. Aus dem aktuellen Hochwasser müssen daher jetzt wieder im Rahmen nachfolgender Ergebnisauswertungen Schlussfolgerungen gezogen werden. Bereits jetzt zeichnet sich die Notwendigkeit eines integrierten Land- und Wassermanagements ab. Notwendig ist zudem ein verbessertes Zusammenwirken bei der Hochwasservorsorge über Bundesländer- und Staatsgrenzen, die Schaffung naturgesetzlich konformer juristischer Regelungen im Maßstab von Flusseinzugsgebieten sowie eine effiziente Risikokommunikation. Y1 - 2013 SN - 1865-9926 VL - 6 IS - 7 SP - 361 EP - 363 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bertaud, Thomas A1 - Walczyk, Damian A1 - Walczyk, Christian A1 - Kubotsch, S. A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Schröder, Thomas A1 - Vallée, Christophe A1 - Gonon, P. A1 - Mannequin, C. A1 - Jousseaume, V. A1 - Grampeix, Helen T1 - Resistive Switching of HfO2-based MIM diodes: Impact of the Top Electrode Materials T2 - Thin Solid Films Y1 - 2012 SN - 0040-6090 VL - 520 IS - 14 SP - 4551 EP - 4555 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Capellini, Giovanni A1 - De Seta, Monica A1 - Zaumseil, Peter A1 - Kozłowski, Grzegorz A1 - Schroeder, Thomas T1 - High temperature x-ray diffraction measurements on Ge/Si(001) heterostructures: a study on the residual tensile strain T2 - Journal of Applied Physics Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3702443 SN - 0021-8979 VL - 111 IS - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kozłowski, Grzegorz A1 - Zaumseil, Peter A1 - Schubert, Markus Andreas A1 - Yamamoto, Yuji A1 - Schülli, Tobias U. A1 - Tillack, Bernd A1 - Schroeder, Thomas T1 - Growth and relaxation processes in Ge nanocrystals on free-standing Si(001) nanopillars T2 - Nanotechnology Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/23/11/115704 SN - 0957-4484 VL - 23 IS - 11 SP - 115704 EP - 115711 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zöllner, Marvin Hartwig A1 - Dabrowski, Jarek Marek A1 - Zaumseil, Peter A1 - Giussani, A. A1 - Schubert, Markus Andreas A1 - Lupina, Grzegorz A1 - Wilkens, Henrik A1 - Wollschläger, Joachim A1 - Bäumer, Marcus A1 - Reichling, M. A1 - Schröder, Thomas T1 - On the unusual stacking behavior of twin-free, type B oriented CeO2(111) films on hexagonal Pr2O3(0001) / Si(111) systems T2 - Physical Review Y1 - 2012 UR - http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevB.85.035302 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.85.035302 SN - 1098-0121 VL - 85 IS - 3 SP - 035302 EP - 035311 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Wei A1 - Sun, Ke A1 - Li, Biyun A1 - Lee, Jae Young A1 - Xie, Ya-Hong A1 - Katzer, Jens A1 - Schroeder, Thomas A1 - Wei, Xinyu A1 - Russell, Thomas P. T1 - Field Emission Tip Array Fabrication Utilizing Geometrical Hindrance in the Oxidation of Si T2 - IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TNANO.2012.2208472 SN - 1536-125X VL - 11 IS - 5 SP - 999 EP - 1003 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Skibitzki, Oliver A1 - Hatami, Fariba A1 - Yamamoto, Yuji A1 - Zaumseil, Peter A1 - Trampert, A. A1 - Schubert, Markus Andreas A1 - Tillack, Bernd A1 - Schroeder, Thomas T1 - GaP collector development for SiGe HBT performance increase: A heterostructure growth study T2 - Journal of Applied Physics Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3701583 SN - 0021-8979 VL - 111 IS - 7 SP - 073515 EP - 073515-9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tarnawska, Lidia Lupina A1 - Zaumseil, Peter A1 - Schubert, Markus Andreas A1 - Okur, S. A1 - Morkoc, H. A1 - Paszkiewicz, R. A1 - Storck, Peter A1 - Schroeder, Thomas T1 - Structural and optical quality of GaN on Sc2O3 / Y2O3 / Si(111) T2 - Journal of Applied Physics Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3699201 SN - 0021-8979 VL - 111 IS - 7 SP - 073509 EP - 073509-4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Pu A1 - Zhang, Wei A1 - Liang, Owen A1 - Pantoja, Marcos A1 - Katzer, Jens A1 - Schroeder, Thomas A1 - Xie, Ya-Hong T1 - Giant enhancement and anomalous behavior of Graphene Raman spectra on plasmonic nanostructures T2 - ACS Nano Y1 - 2012 SN - 1936-086X VL - 6 IS - 7 SP - 6244 EP - 6249 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krümmelbein, Julia A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Naeth, M. Anne T1 - A history of lignite coal mining and reclamation practices in Lusatia, eastern Germany T2 - Canadian journal of soil science Y1 - 2012 SN - 1918-1841 VL - 92 IS - 1 SP - 53 EP - 66 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Dew formation on the surface of biological soil crusts in central European sand ecosystems T2 - Biogeosciences N2 - Dew formation was investigated in three developmental stages of biological soil crusts (BSC), which were collected along a catena of an inland dune and in the initial substrate. The Penman equation, which was developed for saturated surfaces, was modified for unsaturated surfaces and used for prediction of dewfall rates. The levels of surface saturation required for this approach were predicted using the water retention functions and the thicknesses of the BSCs. During a first field campaign (2–3 August 2011), dewfall increased from 0.042 kg m−2 for the initial sandy substrate to 0.058, 0.143 and 0.178 kg m−2 for crusts 1 to 3, respectively. During a second field campaign (17–18 August 2011), where dew formation was recorded in 1.5 to 2.75-h intervals after installation at 21:30 CEST, dewfall increased from 0.011 kg m−2 for the initial sandy substrate to 0.013, 0.028 and 0.055 kg m−2 for crusts 1 to 3, respectively. Dewfall rates remained on low levels for the substrate and for crust 1, and decreased overnight for crusts 2 and 3 (with crust 3 > crust 2 > crust 1 throughout the campaign). Dew formation was well reflected by the model response. The suggested mechanism of dew formation involves a delay in water saturation in near-surface soil pores and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) where the crusts were thicker and where the water capacity was high, resulting in elevated vapor flux towards the surface. The results also indicate that the amount of dewfall was too low to saturate the BSCs and to observe water flow into deeper soil. Analysis of the soil water retention curves revealed that, despite the sandy mineral matrix, moist crusts clogged by swollen EPS pores exhibited a clay-like behavior. It is hypothesized that BSCs gain double benefit from suppressing their competitors by runoff generation and from improving their water supply by dew collection. Despite higher amounts of dew, the water availability to the crust community decreases with crust development, which may be compensated by ecophysiological adaptation of crust organisms, and which may further suppress higher vegetation or mosses. Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-4621-2012 SN - 1726-4189 VL - 9 SP - 4621 EP - 4628 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Brankatschk, Robert A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Zeyer, Josef T1 - Succession of N Cycling Processes in Biological Soil Crusts on a Central European Inland Dune T2 - FEMS Microbiology Ecology N2 - Biological soil crusts (BSCs) are microbial assemblages that occur worldwide and facilitate ecosystem development by nitrogen (N) and carbon accumulation. N turnover within BSC ecosystems has been intensively studied in the past; however, shifts in the N cycle during BSC development have not been previously investigated. Our aim was to characterise N cycle development first by the abundance of the corresponding functional genes (in brackets) and second by potential enzyme activities; we focussed on the four processes: N fixation (nifH), mineralisation as proteolysis and chitinolysis (chiA), nitrification (amoA) and denitrification (nosZ). We sampled from four phases of BSC development and from a reference located in the rooting zone of Corynephorus canescens, on an inland dune in Germany. BSC development was associated with increasing amounts of chlorophyll, organic carbon and N. Potential activities increased and were highest in developed BSCs. Similarly, the abundance of functional genes increased. We propose and discuss three stages of N process succession. First, the heterotrophic stage (mobile sand without BSCs) is dominated by mineralisation activity. Second, during the transition stage (initial BSCs), N accumulates, and potential nitrification and denitrification activity increases. Third, the developed stage (established BSCs and reference) is characterised by the dominance of nitrification. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2012.01459.x SN - 1574-6941 VL - 83 IS - 1 SP - 149 EP - 160 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Xiao, Bo A1 - Wang, Huifang A1 - Fan, Jun A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Veste, Maik T1 - Biological soil crusts decrease soil temperature in summer and increase soil temperature in winter in semiarid environment T2 - Ecological Engineering N2 - In hot and wet conditions in summer, the biological soil crusts (BSCs) decreased soil temperature by up to 11.8 °C, 7.5 °C, 5.4 °C, and 3.2 °C at surface, 5 cm, 15 cm, and 30 cm, respectively; while in cold and dry conditions in winter the BSCs increased soil temperature by up to 1.2 °C, 1.2 °C, and 1.1 °C at 5 cm, 15 cm, and 30 cm, respectively. The daily mean soil temperatures of the BSCs in a whole year were averagely increased by 0.57 ± 0.04 °C, 0.31 ± 0.04 °C, and 0.22 ± 0.04 °C at 5 cm, 15 cm, and 30 cm, respectively. The effects of the BSCs on soil temperature were positively correlated with air temperature and soil moisture, and decreased with soil depth from surface to deep soil. We concluded that BSCs relieved the extreme hot and cold soil micro-environments in desert ecosystem to some extent. Therefore their effects on soil temperature are positive for improving water and nutrient availability and biological community structure, thus decreasing susceptibility to desertification. These results would be helpful for understanding the ecological and hydrological functions of BSCs in semiarid environment. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.06.009 SN - 0925-8574 VL - 58 SP - 52 EP - 56 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Yair, Aaron A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Geppert, Helmut T1 - Hydraulic properties of biological soil crusts on sand dunes studied by 13C-CP/MAS-NMR: a comparison between an arid and a temperate site T2 - Catena N2 - Using principal component analysis (PCA), we studied the relationships between hydraulic properties and 13C-CP/MAS-NMR shift regions of biological soil crusts (BSCs) on sand dunes under arid and temperate conditions. The arid study site was located near Nizzana, in the northwestern Negev, Israel and the temperate site was near Lieberose, Brandenburg, Germany. BSCs were sampled at each site near the dune crest, at the center of the dune slope and at the dune base. The soil texture was finer and water holding capacities (WHCs) were higher in Nizzana, whereas surface wettability was reduced in Lieberose. At both sites, BSCs caused extra WHC compared to the mineral substrate. Infiltration after wetting along both catenas generally reached a maximum after 10 min and decreased after 30 min. Carbohydrates were the dominating components in all of the BSCs studied, where the relative peak areas of carbohydrate-derived structures (60–110 ppm) amounted to 28–46% and to 10–14% of total C-peak areas, respectively. PCA revealed that the WHC of the substrate was closely related to the amount of silt and clay, whereas the BSC induced extra WHC was closely related to carbohydrates. It was further found that water repellency was positively related to carbohydrate C, but negatively related to alkyl C. Infiltration kinetics was attributed to polysaccharide hydration and swelling. Our findings support the hypothesis that hydraulic properties of BSCs are determined by extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and soil texture. Hydraulic properties in BSCs result from the combination of chemical properties related to C compounds mainly dominated by carbohydrates and physical surface properties related to texture, porosity and water holding capacity. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2013.06.002 SN - 0341-8162 VL - 110 SP - 155 EP - 160 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kukli, Kaupo A1 - Kemell, Marianna A1 - Puukilainen, Esa A1 - Aarik, Jaan A1 - Aidla, Aleks A1 - Sajavaara, Timo A1 - Laitinen, Mikko A1 - Tallarida, Massimo A1 - Sundqvist, Jonas A1 - Ritala, Mikko A1 - Leskelä, Markku T1 - Atomic Layer Deposition of Ruthenium Films from (Ethylcyclopentadienyl)(pyrrolyl)ruthenium and Oxygen T2 - Journal of the Electrochemical Society N2 - Ru films were grown by atomic layer deposition in the temperature range of 275-350 degrees C using (ethylcyclopentadienyl)(pyrrolyl)ruthenium and air or oxygen as precursors on HF-etched Si, SiO(2), ZrO(2), and TiN substrates. Conformal growth was examined on three-dimensional silicon substrates with 20: 1 aspect ratio. ZrO(2) promoted the nucleation of Ru most efficiently compared to other substrates, but the films roughened quickly on ZrO(2) with increasing film thickness. The minimum number of cycles required to form continuous and conductive metal layers could be decreased by increasing the length of the oxygen pulse. In order to obtain well-conducting Ru films growth to thicknesses of at least 8-10 nm on any surface was necessary. Resistivities in the ranges of 30-60 and 14-16 mu Omega . cm were achieved for 4-6 and 10-15 nm thick films, respectively. Delamination became an issue in the Ru films grown to thicknesses about 10 nm and higher. KW - Atomic layer deposition (ALD) KW - Ruthenium Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1149/1.3533387 SN - 0013-4651 VL - 158 IS - 3 SP - D158 EP - D165 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tallarida, Massimo A1 - Adelmann, Christoph A1 - Delabie, Annelies A1 - Elshocht, Sven van A1 - Caymax, Matty A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - III-V/Oxide Interfaces Investigated with Synchrotron Radiation Photoemission Spectroscopy T2 - ECS Transactions N2 - We used synchrotron radiation photoemission spectroscopy (SR-PES) to investigate the surface of GaAs and other III-V semiconductors after tri-methyl-aluminum (TMA) pulses performed at 250{degree sign}C. We observed the removal of native oxide and the growth of Al-oxide upon measuring the As3d, Ga3d, Al2p and VB spectra. After seven TMA pulses we performed one water pulse. As3d and Ga3d peaks showed almost no lineshape change, but a decrease of intensity due to the water adsorption. The valence band shows a change in the secondary electron cut-off and the decrease of work function. We conclude that water mostly adsorbs molecularly and induces the work function decrease. The molecular absorption of water indicates that the seven TMA pulses produce a passivated surface only partially terminated with OH groups. KW - Interfaces KW - III/V KW - Synchrotron Photoemission Spectroscopy Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1149/05004.0123ecst SN - 1938-6737 VL - 50 IS - 4 SP - 123 EP - 128 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, Klaus A1 - Fleige, Michael A1 - Rachow, Fabian A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Sabatier based CO2-methanation of flue gas emitted by conventional power plants T2 - Energy Procedia N2 - The hydrogenation CO2+ 4H2 ->CH4 + 2H2O discovered by Paul Sabatier nowadays is discussed as "Power-to-approach" to utilize excess energy from renewable electricity generation. In a laboratory scale, we investigate the Sabatier process in a simulated flue gas atmosphere of conventional base load power plants. The reaction is investigated with regard to conversion rates, yield, selectivity and long-term stability. Using a catalyst based on nickel,we extract selectivities near 100% with a conversion around 85%. Beside the influence of oxygen, we investigate further typical contaminations like NO2 and SO2. KW - Power to gas KW - CO2 -Methanation KW - Sabatier-reaction KW - flue gas Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2013.08.028 SN - 1876-6102 VL - 40 SP - 240 EP - 248 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pieper, H. H. A1 - Derks, C. A1 - Zöllner, Marvin Hartwig A1 - Olbrich, R. A1 - Troeger, L. A1 - Schroeder, Thomas A1 - Neumann, M. A1 - Reichling, M. T1 - Morphology and nanostructure of CeO2(111) surfaces of single crystals and of Si(111) supported ceria films, T2 - Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/C2CP42733H SN - 1463-9084 VL - 14 IS - 44 SP - 15361 EP - 15368 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Barreca, Davide A1 - Carraro, Giorgio A1 - Gasparotto, Alberto A1 - Maccato, Chiara A1 - Rossi, Francesca A1 - Salviati, Giancarlo A1 - Tallarida, Massimo A1 - Das, Chittaranjan A1 - Fresno, Fernando A1 - Korte, Dorota A1 - Štangar, Urška Lavrenčič A1 - Franko, Mladen A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Surface Functionalization of Nanostructured Fe2O3 Polymorphs: From Design to Light-Activated Applications T2 - ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces N2 - Nanostructured iron(III) oxide deposits are grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) at 400−500 °C on Si(100) substrates from Fe(hfa)2TMEDA (hfa = 1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoro-2,4-pentanedionate; TMEDA = N,N,N′N′-tetramethylethylenediamine), yielding the selective formation of α-Fe2O3or the scarcely studiedε-Fe2O3 polymorphs under suitably optimized preparative conditions. By using Ti(OPr i)4(OPri= iso-propoxy) and water asatomic layer deposition (ALD) precursors, we subsequently functionalized the obtained materials at moderate temperatures (<300°C) by an ultrathin titanomagnetite (Fe3−xTixO4) overlayer. An extensive multitechnique character-ization, aimed at elucidating the system structure, morphology, composition and optical properties, evidenced that the photoactivated hydrophilic and photocatalytic behavior of the synthesized materials is dependent both on iron oxide phase composition and ALD surface modification. The proposed CVD/ALD hybrid synthetic approach candidates itself as a powerful tool for a variety of applications where semiconductor-based nanoarchitectures can benefit from the coupling with an ad hoc surface layer. KW - chemical vapor deposition KW - atomic layer deposition KW - iron oxide KW - titanomagnetite KW - photoactivated properties Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/am401475g SN - 1944-8252 VL - 5 IS - 15 SP - 7130 EP - 7138 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Adelmann, Christoph A1 - Cuypers, Daniel A1 - Tallarida, Massimo A1 - Rodriguez, Leonard A1 - De Clercq, Astrid A1 - Friedrich, Daniel A1 - Conard, Thierry A1 - Delabie, Annelies A1 - Seo, Jin Won A1 - Locquet, Jean-Pierre A1 - De Gendt, Stefan A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Elshocht, Sven van A1 - Caymax, Matty T1 - Surface Chemistry and Interface Formation during the Atomic Layer Deposition of Alumina from Trimethylaluminum and Water on Indium Phosphide T2 - Chemistry of Materials N2 - The surface chemistry and the interface formation during the initial stages of the atomic layer deposition (ALD) of Al2O3 from trimethylaluminum (TMA) and H2O on InP(100)were studied by synchrotron radiation photoemission spectroscopy and scanning tunneling microscopy. The effect of the ex situ surface cleaning by either H2SO4 or (NH4)2S was examined. It is shown that the native oxide on the InP surface consisted mainly of indium hydrogen phosphates with a P enrichment at the interface with InP. After a (NH4)2S treatment, S was present on the surface as a sulfide in both surface and subsurface sites. Exposure to TMA led to the formation of a thin AlPO4 layer, irrespective of the surface cleaning. The surface Fermi level of p-type InP was found to be pinned close to midgap after H2SO4 cleaning and moved only slightly further toward the conduction band edge upon TMA exposure, indicating that the AlPO4/InP interface was rather defective. (NH4)2S passivation led to a Fermi level position of p-type InP close to the conduction band edge. Hence, the InP surface was weakly inverted, which can be attributed to surface doping by S donors. TMA exposure was found to remove surface S, which was accompanied by a shift of the Fermi level to midgap, consistent with the removal of (part of) the S donors in combination with a defective AlPO4/InP interface. Further TMA/H2O ALD did not lead to any detectable changes of the AlPO4/InP interface and suggested simple overgrowth with Al2O3. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/cm304070h SN - 1520-5002 VL - 25 IS - 7 SP - 1078 EP - 1091 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kölbl, Angelika A1 - Steffens, Markus A1 - Wiesmeier, Martin A1 - Hoffmann, Carsten A1 - Funk, Roger A1 - Krümmelbein, Julia A1 - Reszkowska, Agnieszka A1 - Zhao, Ying A1 - Peth, Stephan A1 - Horn, Rainer A1 - Giese, Marcus A1 - Kögel-Knabner, Ingrid T1 - Grazing changes topography-controlled topsoil properties and their interaction on different spatial scales in a semi-arid grassland of Inner Mongolia, P.R. China T2 - Plant and Soil Y1 - 2011 SN - 1573-5036 VL - 340 IS - 1-2 SP - 35 EP - 58 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Abang, Roger Atini A1 - Lisk, Alexander A1 - Krautz, Hans Joachim T1 - Fireside corrosion of superheater materials under oxy-coal firing conditions T2 - Energy Procedia N2 - The present study investigates the fireside corrosion behavior of selected superheater materials, namely: T24, P92, VM12-SHC, A800HT, and 7RE10 under oxy-coal combustion atmospheres. Data on mass change, scale thickness, metal loss, surface morphology and micro-structural characteristics of corrosion products were obtained. The alloy specimens were analyzed by SEM-EDX, light microscopy and X-Ray diffraction techniques. The results after 2000 hours of exposure at a metal surface temperature of 600 °C indicate that metal wastage increased with decreasing Cr-content under oxy-coal conditions. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2013.08.035 SN - 1876-6102 VL - 40 SP - 304 EP - 311 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reszkowska, Agnieszka A1 - Krümmelbein, Julia A1 - Peth, Stephan A1 - Horn, Rainer A1 - Zhao, Ying A1 - Gan, Lei T1 - Influence of grazing on hydraulic and mechanical properties of semiarid steppe soils under different vegetation type in Inner Mongolia, China T2 - Plant and Soil Y1 - 2011 SN - 1573-5036 VL - 340 IS - 1-2 SP - 59 EP - 72 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Minhas, Sarfraz Ul-Haque A1 - Juzek, Christian A1 - Berger, Ulrich ED - Chryssolouris, George ED - Mourtzis, Dimitris T1 - Ontology Based Intelligent Assistance System to Support Manufacturing Activities in a Distributed Manufacturing Environment T2 - Procedia CIRP N2 - The automotive industry is experiencing several limitations due to high mass customization on product side and the consequent evolution of newer ones as well as the expansion of existing production setups. There exist various complexities in planning and control of distributed production setups. This paper addresses issues related to planning using knowledge management approaches in the decentralized manufacturing domain with two distinct cases. The first case relates to the higher level planning methodology to automate experts’ knowledge in production ramp-up whereas the second case relates to optimization of production processes using knowledgebase as an intelligent assistance system for optimization. KW - Ramp-up; Knowledge management; Knowledge manager Y1 - 2012 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212827112002107 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2012.07.038 SN - 2212-8271 N1 - 45th CIRP Conference on Manufacturing Systems 2012 VL - 1 IS - 3 SP - 215 EP - 220 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Winkler, Herwig A1 - Taschek, H. T1 - Steigerung der Energieeffizienz mit Manufacturing Execution Systemen (MES) T2 - Productivity Management KW - Engergieeffizienz Y1 - 2013 SN - 1868-8519 VL - 18 IS - 4 SP - 19 EP - 21 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Winkler, Herwig A1 - Allmayer, Sabine T1 - Interface management research in supplier-customer relationships: findings from a citation analysis of international literature T2 - Journal of Business Economics KW - Interface Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11573-013-0685-1 SN - 1861-8928 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Winkler, Herwig A1 - Seebacher, Gottfried T1 - A Citation Analysis of the Research on Manufacturing and Supply Chain Flexibility T2 - International Journal of Production Research (IJPR) KW - Manufacturing Y1 - 2013 VL - 51 IS - 11 SP - 3415 EP - 3427 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zöllner, Marvin Hartwig A1 - Zaumseil, Peter A1 - Wilkens, Henrik A1 - Gevers, Sebastian A1 - Wollschläger, Joachim A1 - Bäumer, Marcus A1 - Xie, Ya-Hong A1 - Niu, Gang A1 - Schroeder, Thomas T1 - Stoichiometry-structure correlation of epitaxial Ce1-xPrxO2-δ (x = 0-1) thin films on Si(111) T2 - Journal of Crystal Growth Y1 - 2012 SN - 0022-0248 VL - 355 IS - 1 SP - 159 EP - 165 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zaumseil, Peter A1 - Kozłowski, Grzegorz A1 - Yamamoto, Yuji A1 - Bauer, J. A1 - Schubert, Markus Andreas A1 - Schülli, Tobias U. A1 - Tillack, Bernd A1 - Schroeder, Thomas T1 - Compliant Si nanostructures on SOI for Ge nanoheteroepitaxy – a case study for lattice mismatched semiconductor integration on Si(001) T2 - Journal of Applied Physics Y1 - 2012 SN - 0021-8979 VL - 112 IS - 4 SP - 043506 EP - 043511 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bertaud, Thomas A1 - Sowinska, Małgorzata A1 - Walczyk, Damian A1 - Thiess, Sebastian A1 - Walczyk, Christian A1 - Gloskovski, A. A1 - Drube, W. A1 - Schroeder, Thomas T1 - In-operando and non-destructive analysis of the resistive switching in the Ti/HfO2/TiN-based system by Hard X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy T2 - Applied Physics Letters Y1 - 2012 VL - 112 IS - 4 SP - 043506 EP - 043511 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zaumseil, Peter A1 - Kozłowski, Grzegorz A1 - Schubert, Markus Andreas A1 - Yamamoto, Yuji A1 - Bauer, J. A1 - Schülli, Tobias U. A1 - Tillack, Bernd A1 - Schroeder, Thomas T1 - The role of SiGe buffer in growth and relaxation of Ge on free-standing Si(001) nanopillars T2 - Nanotechnology Y1 - 2012 SN - 1361-6528 VL - 23 IS - 35 SP - 355706 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kozłowski, Grzegorz A1 - Fursenko, Oksana A1 - Zaumseil, Peter A1 - Schroeder, Thomas A1 - Vorderwestner, M. A1 - Storck, Peter T1 - The epitaxial growth of low defect SiGe buffer layers for integration of new materials on 300 mm silicon wafers T2 - ECS transactions Y1 - 2012 SN - 1938-6737 VL - 50 IS - 9 SP - 613 EP - 621 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bertaud, Thomas A1 - Walczyk, Damian A1 - Sowinska, Małgorzata A1 - Wolansky, Dirk A1 - Tillack, Bernd A1 - Schoof, Gunther A1 - Korolevych, R. A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Thiess, Sebastian A1 - Schroeder, Thomas A1 - Walczyk, Christian T1 - HfO2-based RRAM for Embedded Nonvolatile Memory: From Materials Science to Integrated 1T1R RRAM Arrays T2 - ECS transactions Y1 - 2012 SN - 1938-6737 VL - 50 IS - 4 SP - 21 EP - 26 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bauer, J. A1 - Yamamoto, Yuji A1 - Zaumseil, Peter A1 - Fursenko, Oksana A1 - Schulz, K. A1 - Kozłowski, Grzegorz A1 - Schubert, Markus Andreas A1 - Schroeder, Thomas A1 - Tillack, Bernd T1 - Nanostructured Silicon for Ge Nanoheteroepitaxy T2 - Microelectronics Engineering Y1 - 2012 SN - 0167-9317 VL - 97 SP - 169 EP - 172 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sowinska, Małgorzata A1 - Bertaud, Thomas A1 - Walczyk, Damian A1 - Thiess, Sebastian A1 - Schubert, Markus Andreas A1 - Lukosius, Mindaugas A1 - Drube, W. A1 - Walczyk, Christian A1 - Schröder, Thomas T1 - Hard X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy study of the electroforming in Ti/HfO2-based resistive switching structures T2 - Applied Physics Letters Y1 - 2012 SN - 0003-6951 VL - 100 IS - 23 SP - 233509 EP - 233514 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Huynh, Chau A1 - Eckert, Ronald T1 - Reducing heat and improving thermal comfort through urban design - A case study in Ho Chi Minh City T2 - International Journal of Environmental Science and Development Y1 - 2012 SN - 2010-0264 VL - 3 IS - 5 SP - 480 EP - 485 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Minhas, Sarfraz Ul-Haque A1 - Juzek, Christian A1 - Berger, Ulrich T1 - Elicitation of Requirements for a Knowledge Management Concept in Decentralized Production Planning T2 - Special Journal Issue of World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology N2 - The planning in manufacturing system is becoming complicated day by day due to the expanding networks and shortage of skilled people to manage change. Consequently, faster lead time and rising demands for eco-efficient evaluation of manufacturing products and processes need exploitation of new and intelligent knowledge management concepts for manufacturing planning. This paper highlights motivation for incorporation of new features in the manufacturing planning system. Furthermore, it elaborates requirements for the development of intelligent knowledge management concept to support planning related decisions. Afterwards, the derived concept is presented in this paper considering two case studies. The first case study is concerned with the automotive ramp-up planning. The second case study specifies requirements for knowledge management system to support decisions in eco-efficient evaluation of manufacturing products and processes. KW - Ramp-up, Environmental impact, Knowledge management Y1 - 2013 UR - http://c.waset.org/Publications?p=81 SN - 2010-3778 VL - 2012 IS - 81 SP - 617 EP - 626 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krautz, Hans Joachim A1 - Nimtz, Michael T1 - Flexible Operation of CCS Power Plants to Match Variable Renewable Energies T2 - Energy Procedia N2 - The German Energiewende is resulting in high grid load changes caused by renewable energies. Therefore flexibility of power plants is getting more and more important. Future CCS power plants are usually equipped with more components than conventional power plants, resulting in a more complex and inert reaction on changes in power output. Additionally, due to the change in price structures and higher fixed and operational costs for CCS power plants, it is harder for them to be economically efficient. This study will show different options to increase the flexibility of CCS power plants and evaluate their benefits. KW - CCS; Flexibility; Post combustion capture; Oxyfuel; Solvent storage; Pipeline Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2013.08.034 SN - 1876-6102 VL - 2013 IS - 40 SP - 294 EP - 303 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krautz, Hans Joachim A1 - Corrêa da Silva, Rodrigo A1 - Kangwanpongpan, Tanin T1 - Flame pattern, temperatures and stability limits of pulverized oxy-coal combustion T2 - Fuel : the science and technology of fuel and energy N2 - The challenges in maintaining a stable oxy-coal flame have been reported in the open literature. In case of pulverized coal combustion, narrower flammable regimes arise not only of differences in the feed gas composition, but also due to changes in the flow dynamics because of reduced volume flow rate through the burners to match similar temperatures and radiative heat transfer within the furnace. The present work focuses on the study of flame structure and stability of pre-dried lignite fired by a staged feed-gas burner. Experimental runs were carried out in a 0.40 MWth laboratory facility, with the objective of investigating the effects of swirl strength and feed gas distribution in the burner registers. To assess the experimental data, a numerical study of the non-reacting flow in the near burner region is performed. Predicted flow pattern and flame images show that the primary fuel jet penetrates the internal recirculation zone, forming an annular doughnut reverse flow region for both firing conditions and resembling a type-1 flame pattern. Temperature measurements indicate that the feed gas distribution among the burner registers control the flame temperature in parallel with the swirl number in both air-fired and oxy-fired environments. The oxy-fuel cases exhibite markedly reduced temperatures on the flame axis. This difference in the core arises not just from the more pronounced penetration depth of the primary jet, but also due to reaction mechanisms including pyrolysis and gasification reactions at the higher concentrations of CO2 and water vapor. Flame stabilization is shown to be strongly dependent on an appropriate distribution of the feed gas and strength of swirling flow in the burner front. The results correlated in terms of swirl number, secondary/tertiary flow ratio and secondary/primary axial momentum point to similarities in the stability limits between air-firing and oxy-firing. KW - Oxy-fuel; Pulverized coal combustion; Flame pattern; Stability limits Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2013.07.049 SN - 0016-2361 IS - Vol. 115 SP - 507 EP - 520 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dörr, Nora A1 - Hipp, Christiane T1 - Methoden zur Bewertung des Erfolgs von Produktionsinnovationen T2 - Zeitschrift für wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb (ZWF) N2 - Methoden zur Bewertung des Erfolgs von Produktionsinnovationen Y1 - 2013 SN - 0947-0085 VL - 108 IS - 6 SP - 375 EP - 378 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gotsch, Matthias A1 - Hipp, Christiane A1 - Schwarz, Claudia A1 - Weber, Lars T1 - Identification of determinants and development of a productivity framework in the services sector T2 - Economies et sociétés, EGS, Série Economie et gestion des services N2 - The service industry significantly contributes to gross value added and employment. However, it is difficult to make generic statements about service productivity because of the distinct nature and heterogeneity of services. The present work will address productivity improvements being subject to multiple causes. Through a structured literature review of relevant empirical studies, the drivers of service productivity are identified in the context of a meta-study. All complex interactions of the determinants are presented in an illustration and a dynamic productivity loop framework is generated, taking into account the many possible factors and the heterogeneous characteristics of the services sector. Y1 - 2013 VL - 14 IS - 3-4 SP - 531 EP - 574 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kleefeld, Andreas T1 - A numerical method to compute interior transmission eigenvalues T2 - Inverse Problems N2 - In this paper the numerical calculation of eigenvalues of the interior transmission problem arising in acoustic scattering for constant contrast in three dimensions is considered. From the computational point of view existing methods are very expensive, and are only able to show the existence of such transmission eigenvalues. Furthermore, they have trouble finding them if two or more eigenvalues are situated closely together. We present a new method based on complex-valued contour integrals and the boundary integral equation method which is able to calculate highly accurate transmission eigenvalues. So far, this is the first paper providing such accurate values for various surfaces different from a sphere in three dimensions. Additionally, the computational cost is even lower than those of existing methods. Furthermore, the algorithm is capable of finding complex-valued eigenvalues for which no numerical results have been reported yet. Until now, the proof of existence of such eigenvalues is still open. Finally, highly accurate eigenvalues of the interior Dirichlet problem are provided and might serve as test cases to check newly derived Faber–Krahn type inequalities for larger transmission eigenvalues that are not yet available. KW - interior transmission eigenvalues Y1 - 2013 UR - http://iopscience.iop.org/0266-5611/29/10/104012/article U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/0266-5611/29/10/104012 SN - 0266-5611 SN - 1361-6420 IS - 29 SP - 104012 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bär, Marcus A1 - Song, X. A1 - Caballero, R. A1 - Duarte, Roberto Felix A1 - Gerlach, Dominic A1 - Kaufmann, Christian A1 - Schock, Hans-Werner A1 - Wilks, Regan G. T1 - Na incorporation into Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin-film solar cell absorbers deposited on polyimide: Impact on the chemical and electronic surface structure T2 - Journal of Applied Physics N2 - Na has deliberately been incorporated into Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (“CIGSe”) chalcopyrite thin-film solar cell absorbers deposited on Mo-coated polyimide flexible substrates by adding differently thick layers of NaF in-between CIGSe absorber and Mo back contact. The impact of Na on the chemical and electronic surface structure of CIGSe absorbers with various Cu-contents deposited at comparatively low temperature (420 °C) has been studied using x-ray photoelectron and x-ray excited Auger electron spectroscopy. We observe a higher Nasurface content for the Cu-richer CIGSe samples and can distinguish between two different chemical Na environments, best described as selenide-like and oxidized Na species, respectively. Furthermore, we find a Cu-poor surface composition of the CIGSe samples independent of Na content and — for very high Na contents — indications for the formation of a (Cu,Na)–(In,Ga)–Se like compound. With increasing Nasurface content, also a shift of the photoemission lines to lower binding energies could be identified, which we interpret as a reduction of the downward band bending toward the CIGSe surface explained by the Na-induced elimination of InCu defects. Y1 - 2012 SN - 1089-7550 VL - 111 IS - 3 SP - 034903 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bär, Marcus A1 - Schubert, Björn-Arvid A1 - Marsen, Björn A1 - Wilks, Regan G. A1 - Blum, M. A1 - Krause, S. A1 - Pookpanratana, Sujitra A1 - Zhang, Y. A1 - Unold, Thomas A1 - Yang, W. A1 - Weinhardt, Lothar A1 - Heske, Clemens A1 - Schock, Hans-Werner T1 - Cu2ZnSnS4 thin-film solar cell absorbers illuminated by soft x-rays T2 - Journal of Materials Research N2 - In view of the complexity of thin-film solar cells, which are comprised of a multitude of layers, interfaces, surfaces, elements, impurities, etc., it is crucial to characterize and understand the chemical and electronic structure of these components. Because of the high complexity of the Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 compound semiconductor absorber material alone, this is particularly true for kesterite-based devices. Hence, this paper reviews our recent progress in the characterization of Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin films. It is demonstrated that a combination of different soft x-ray spectroscopies is an extraordinarily powerful method for illuminating the chemical and electronic material characteristics from many different perspectives, ultimately resulting in a comprehensive picture of these properties. The focus of the article will be on secondary impurity phases, electronic structure, native oxidation, and the CZTS surface composition. Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2012.59 SN - 2044-5326 VL - 27 IS - 8 SP - 1097 EP - 1104 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weinhardt, Lothar A1 - Benkert, Andreas A1 - Meyer, Frank A1 - Blum, Monika A1 - Wilks, Regan G. A1 - Yang, Wan Li A1 - Bär, Marcus A1 - Reinert, Friedrich A1 - Heske, Clemens T1 - Nuclear dynamics and spectator effects in resonant inelastic soft x-ray scattering of gas-phase water molecules T2 - The journal of chemical physics N2 - The electronic structure of gas-phase H2O and D2O molecules has been investigated using resonant inelastic soft x-ray scattering (RIXS). We observe spectator shifts for all valence orbitals when exciting into the lowest three absorption resonances. Strong changes of the relative valence orbital emission intensities are found when exciting into the different absorption resonances, which can be related to the angular anisotropy of the RIXS process. Furthermore, excitation into the 4a1 resonance leads to nuclear dynamics on the time scale of the RIXS process; we find evidence for vibrational coupling and molecular dissociation in both, the spectator and the participant emission. Y1 - 2012 SN - 1089-7690 VL - 136 IS - 14 SP - 144311 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wilks, Regan G. A1 - Repins, Ingrid A1 - Contreras, M. A. A1 - Duarte, Roberto Felix A1 - Herrero-Albillos, J. A1 - Tati-Bismaths, L. A1 - Kronast, F. A1 - Noufi, R. A1 - Bär, Marcus T1 - Intergrain variations of the chemical and electronic surface structure of polycrystalline Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin-film solar cell absorbers T2 - Applied Physics Letters N2 - The μm-scale spatial distribution of the elements of polycrystalline Cu(In1− x Ga x )Se2 absorber surfaces is examined using x-ray photoelectron emission microscopy. The chemical composition varies from grain to grain, and a direct, linear anticorrelation between the In 3d and Ga 2p photoemission line intensities is observed. The line intensities are interpreted in terms of a varying value of x= Ga/(In+ Ga); the band gaps calculated from the inferred compositions of the grains are shown to be normally distributed with a standard deviation of 40 meV. Y1 - 2012 SN - 0003-6951 VL - 101 IS - 10 SP - 103908-1 EP - 103908-4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Blum, M. A1 - Odelius, Michael A1 - Weinhardt, Lothar A1 - Pookpanratana, Sujitra A1 - Bär, Marcus A1 - Zhang, Y. A1 - Fuchs, Oliver A1 - Yang, W. A1 - Umbach, Eberhard A1 - Heske, Clemens T1 - Ultrafast Proton Dynamics in Aqueous Amino Acid Solutions Studied by Resonant Inelastic Soft X‑ray Scattering T2 - The Journal of physical chemistry : B N2 - Resonant inelastic soft X-ray scattering (RIXS) has been used to study the electronic structure of glycine and lysine in aqueous solution. Upon variation of the pH value of the solution from acidic to basic, major changes of the nitrogen K edge RIXS data are observed for both amino acids, which are associated with the protonation and deprotonation of the amino groups. The experimental results are compared with simulations based on density functional theory, yielding a detailed understanding of the spectral changes, as well as insights into the ultrafast proton dynamics in the intermediate core-excited/ionized state of the RIXS process. Y1 - 2012 SN - 1520-5207 VL - 116 IS - 46 SP - 13757 EP - 13764 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hofmann, Timo A1 - Yu, Ted H. A1 - Folse, Michael A1 - Weinhardt, Lothar A1 - Bär, Marcus A1 - Zhang, Yufeng A1 - Merinov, Boris V. A1 - Myers, Deborah J. A1 - Goddard, William A. A1 - Heske, Clemens T1 - Using Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Quantum Mechanics to Determine d‑Band Energies of Metals for Catalytic Applications T2 - The Journal of Physical Chemistry : C N2 - The valence band structures (VBS) of eight transition metals (Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Pd, Ag, Pt, Au) were investigated by photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) using He I, He II, and monochromatized Al Kα excitation. The influence of final states, photoionization cross-section, and adsorption of residual gas molecules in an ultrahigh vacuum environment are discussed in terms of their impact on the VBS. We find that VBSs recorded with monochromatized Al Kα radiation are most closely comparable to the ground state density of states (DOS) derived from quantum mechanics calculations. We use the Al Kα-excited PES measurements to correct the energy scale of the calculated ground-state DOS to approximate the “true” ground-state d-band structure. Finally, we use this data to test the d-band center model commonly used to predict the electronicproperty/ catalytic-activity relationship of metals. We find that a simple continuous dependence of activity on d-band center position is not supported by our results (both experimentally and computationally). Y1 - 2012 SN - 1932-7455 VL - 116 IS - 45 SP - 24016 EP - 24026 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gerlach, Dominic A1 - Wippler, David A1 - Wilks, Regan G. A1 - Wimmer, Manuel A1 - Lozac'h, Mickaël A1 - Duarte, Roberto Felix A1 - Ueda, Shigenori A1 - Yoshikawa, Hideki A1 - Lips, Klaus A1 - Rech, Bernd A1 - Sumiya, Masatomo A1 - Kobayashi, Kaoru A1 - Gorgoi, Mihaela A1 - Hüpkes, Jürgen A1 - Bär, Marcus T1 - p-Type a-Si:H/ZnO:Al and μc-Si:H/ZnO:Al Thin-Film Solar Cell Structures—A Comparative Hard X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Study T2 - IEEE journal of photovoltaics N2 - The chemical and electronic properties of a- Si:H(B)/ZnO:Al and μc-Si:H(B)/ZnO:Al thin-film solar cell structures are studied by hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HAXPES). Using a combination of different X-ray excitation energies and deliberate sample design, we were able to select the probed volume, i.e., the silicon capping layer only or the silicon and zinc oxide layer (including the buried interface). For the a-Si:H(B) material, we find a higher deposition rate and a smaller value for the modified Auger parameter than for μc-Si:H(B). In addition, we find indications of a pronounced band bending limited to the very surface of the a-Si:H(B) and the μc-Si:H(B) layers, which is more distinct in the latter case. Y1 - 2013 SN - 2156-3381 VL - 3 IS - 1 SP - 483 EP - 487 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meyer, Frank A1 - Weinhardt, Lothar A1 - Blum, Mia A1 - Bär, Marcus A1 - Wilks, Regan G. A1 - Yang, Wooyong A1 - Heske, Clemens A1 - Reinert, F. T1 - Non-equivalent carbon atoms in the resonant inelastic soft X-ray scattering map of cysteine T2 - The journal of chemical physics N2 - Resonant inelastic soft x-ray scattering (RIXS) was used to study the electronic structure of solid cysteine films. A RIXS map approach, i.e., plotting the x-ray emission intensity as a function of excitation and emission energy, allows us to separate the contributions of the three chemically nonequivalent carbon atoms in cysteine. In particular, we can identify orbitals localized near the photoexcited atoms, as well as orbitals that are delocalized over the entire molecule. Y1 - 2013 SN - 1089-7690 VL - 138 IS - 3 SP - 034306 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bär, Marcus A1 - Klaer, Joachim A1 - Duarte, Roberto Felix A1 - Barreau, Nicolas A1 - Weinhardt, Lothar A1 - Wilks, Regan G. A1 - Heske, Clemens A1 - Schock, Hans-Werner T1 - Surface Off-Stoichiometry of CuInS2 Thin-Film Solar Cell Absorbers T2 - IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics N2 - In this paper, X-ray photoelectron and X-ray-excited Auger electron spectroscopy was used to investigate the chemical surface structure of CuInS2 thin-film solar cell absorbers.We find that the [In]/[Cu] surface composition can vary between 1.6 (±0.4) and 3.7 (±0.7), depending on relatively minor variations in the absorber formation process and/or whether additional wet-chemical treatments are performed. These variations are primarily due to differences in the Cu surface concentration. The corresponding change of the modified In Auger parameter is interpreted as being indicative of a change in the chemical environment of In as a function of Cu off-stoichiometry. Y1 - 2013 UR - https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=6380521 SN - 2156-3381 VL - 3 IS - 2 SP - 828 EP - 832 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rese, Alexandra A1 - Gemünden, Hans-Georg A1 - Baier, Daniel T1 - "Too many Cooks Spoil the Broth": Key Persons and Their Roles in Inter-Organizational Innovations T2 - Creativity and Innovation Management N2 - Key persons can play an important role in the development and diffusion of new products, processes or technologies. Their functions, contributions and interactions within companies have been subject to numerous investigations. From a theoretical point of view, promotor theory focuses on several specialists to overcome different barriers to innovation, while champion theory concentrates on generalists playing multiple roles. Empirical results point to generalists being better suited for highly innovative projects, but on the other hand different roles should preferably be played by different key persons. A central gap in the literature is that this issue has not been investigated sufficiently so far in an inter-organizational context. The questions are: Is role accumulation beneficial for innovation project performance with respect to the key persons? Is role accumulation even more advantageous with increasing degrees of innovativeness? A sample of 107 innovation projects where small and medium-sized enterprises take part is used as a unit of analysis. The network manager served as the respondent. A measurement approach based on an extended Rasch scale was introduced for this purpose. The results show that indeed ‘too many cooks spoil the broth’: Instead of many single-role players in each organization, we need a few multiple role players in an inter-organizational context. Y1 - 2013 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/caim.12034/abstract U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/caim.12034 VL - 22 IS - 4 SP - 390 EP - 407 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sauvigny, Friedrich T1 - Über das Plateausche Problem für Wendelkurven T2 - Mathematische Semesterberichte Y1 - 2013 SN - 0720-728X SN - 1432-1815 VL - 60 IS - 2 SP - 151 EP - 183 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hofmann, Timo A1 - Yu, Ted H. A1 - Folse, Michael A1 - Weinhardt, Lothar A1 - Bär, Marcus A1 - Zhang, Yufeng A1 - Merinov, Boris V. A1 - Myers, Deborah J. A1 - Goddard, William A. A1 - Heske, Clemens T1 - Reply to "Comment on 'Using Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Quantum Mechanics to Determine d-Band Energies of Metals for Catalytic Applications'" T2 - Journal of Physical Chemistry : C Y1 - 2013 SN - 1932-7455 VL - 117 IS - 13 SP - 6916 EP - 6917 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bär, Marcus A1 - Theisen, J.-P. A1 - Wilks, Regan G. A1 - Erfurth, Felix A1 - Duarte, Roberto Felix A1 - Gerlach, Dominic A1 - Haas, S. A1 - Tati-Bismaths, L. A1 - Reinert, F. A1 - Kronast, F. A1 - Niesen, T. P. A1 - Palm, Jörg A1 - Visbeck, Sven A1 - Weinhardt, Lothar T1 - Lateral inhomogeneity of the Mg/(Zn+Mg) composition at the (Zn,Mg)O/CuIn(S,Se)2 thin-film solar cell interface revealed by photoemission electron microscopy T2 - Journal of Applied Physics N2 - Spatial variations in the chemical composition of the (Zn,Mg)O/CuIn(S,Se)2 thin-film solar cell interface were studied by photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM). Energy filtered PEEM images indicate significant differences in the magnesium and zinc distribution. Local photoemission measurements reveal a relative difference in the derived Mg/(ZnþMg) composition of the (Zn,Mg)O material of up to (11.460.7)%, which can be expected to induce band gap fluctuations of (60630) meV. Furthermore, local areas with significant accumulations of sodium could be observed. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4804413 SN - 1520-8850 VL - 113 IS - 19 SP - 193709 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bär, Marcus A1 - Klaer, Joachim A1 - Weinhardt, Lothar A1 - Wilks, Regan G. A1 - Krause, Stefan A1 - Blum, Monika A1 - Yang, Wan Li A1 - Heske, Clemens A1 - Schock, Hans-Werner T1 - Cu 2−x S Surface Phases and Their Impact on the Electronic Structure of CuInS 2 Thin Films – A Hidden Parameter in Solar Cell Optimization T2 - Advanced Energy Materials N2 - The surface properties of CuInS 2 (CIS) thin-fi lm solar cell absorbers are investigated by a combination of electron and soft X-ray spectroscopies. Spatially separated regions of varying colors are observed and identifi ed to be dominated by either CuS or Cu 2 S surface phases. After their removal by KCN etching, the samples cannot be distinguished by eye and the CIS surface is found to be Cu-defi cient in both regions. However, a signifi cantly more pronounced off-stoichiometry in the region initially covered by Cu 2 S can be identifi ed. In this region, the resulting surface band gap is also signifi cantly larger than the E g Surf of the initially CuS-terminated region. Such variations may represent a hidden parameter which, if overlooked, induces irreproducibility and thus prevents systematic optimization efforts. Y1 - 2013 SN - 1614-6840 VL - 3 IS - 6 SP - 777 EP - 781 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gorgoi, Mihaela A1 - Gerlach, Dominic A1 - Wilks, Regan G. A1 - Wippler, David A1 - Wimmer, Manuel A1 - Lozac'h, Mickaël A1 - Duarte, Roberto Felix A1 - Mück, Leonie Anna A1 - Meier, M. A1 - Ueda, Shigenori A1 - Yoshikawa, Hideki A1 - Lips, Klaus A1 - Rech, Bernd A1 - Sumiya, Masatomo A1 - Hüpkes, Jürgen A1 - Kobayashi, Kaoru A1 - Bär, Marcus T1 - The silicon/zinc oxide interface in amorphous silicon-based thin-film solar cells: Understanding an empirically optimized contact T2 - Applied Physics Letters N2 - The electronic structure of the interface between the boron-doped oxygenated amorphous silicon “window layer” (a-SiOx:H(B)) and aluminum-doped zinc oxide (ZnO:Al) was investigated using hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and compared to that of the boron-doped microcrystalline silicon (μc-Si:H(B))/ZnO:Al interface. The corresponding valence band offsets have been determined to be (−2.87 ± 0.27) eV and (−3.37 ± 0.27) eV, respectively. A lower tunnel junction barrier height at the μc-Si:H(B)/ZnO:Al interface compared to that at the a-SiOx:H(B)/ZnO:Al interface is found and linked to the higher device performances in cells where a μc-Si:H(B) buffer between the a-Si:H p-i-n absorber stack and the ZnO:Al contact is employed. Y1 - 2013 SN - 1077-3118 VL - 103 IS - 2 SP - 023903 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Garkas, Wagdi A1 - Weiß, Sabine A1 - Wang, Q. M. T1 - (Cr1-x Al x)N as a candidate for corrosion protection in high temperature segments of CCS plants T2 - Environmental Earth Sciences N2 - Three (Cr1−x Al x )N (x = 0.33, 0.5, 0.66) coatings were deposited on Ni-super alloy IN718 using reactive magnetron sputtering. The oxidation behavior of all coatings at 900 °C up to 500 h in air was studied. Furthermore, the corrosion behavior of the (Cr0.33,Al0.66)N coating at 900 °C (corrosion type I) by spraying a uniform salt scale of Na2SO4 on the sample surface (1 mg/cm2) was investigated. It was found that the coated samples indicate significantly higher oxidation and corrosion resistance compared to uncoated Ni super alloy. This is mainly due to the formation of protective Cr2O3 and Al2O3 layers on the coating surface. With the increase of Al content, the coatings exhibited improved oxidation resistance. The formation of thin and adherent Al2O3 scale on the surface of Al rich coating is the reason for its better oxidation behavior. The detailed structures of the oxide scales and the interdiffusion between coating and substrate were studied using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy-analysis. Y1 - 2013 UR - http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12665-013-2646-y/fulltext.html U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-013-2646-y SN - 1866-6280 SN - 1866-6299 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Genchev, Gancho Vladimirov A1 - Dreibati, Ossama A1 - Ossenbrink, Ralf A1 - Doynov, Nikolay A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Physical and Numerical Simulation of the Heat-affected Zone of Multi-pass Welds T2 - Materials Science Forum N2 - The paper presents a numerical and experimental approach for the quantification of the thermo-mechanical properties in multi-pass weld’s heat affected zone (HAZ) of low alloy steel “S355J2+N”. First, the characteristic temperature cycles for multi-pass welds were identified by FE temperature field simulations of welding. Based on the identified temperature cycles, the microstructure in the HAZ has been physically simulated with the simulation and testing system Gleeble 3500 to investigate the influence of multi thermal exposure on the thermo-mechanical properties. Thus, the thermo-mechanical material properties including thermal strain and temperature dependent stress strain behaviour as function of peak temperatures and cooling rates have been determined. These material properties were used to calibrate a developed model for numerical prediction of the material properties of multi-pass weld HAZ. KW - welding simulation KW - multi-pass welds KW - thermo-mechanical properties KW - physical simulation, Gleeble Y1 - 2013 UR - www.scientific.net/MSF.762.544 SN - 0255-5476 IS - Vol. 762 SP - 544 EP - 550 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, David T1 - Optimal exercise and profit sharing of joint real investments in the energy industry T2 - Problems and Perspectives in Management Y1 - 2013 SN - 1727-7051 SN - 1810-5467 VL - Vol. 11 IS - 3 SP - 24 EP - 36 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kunisch, Karl A1 - Wagner, Marcus T1 - Optimal control of the bidomain system (III): Existence of minimizers and first-order optimality conditions T2 - ESAIM: Mathemaical Modelling and Numerical Analysis Y1 - 2013 SN - 1290-3841 VL - 47 IS - 4 SP - 1077 EP - 1106 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Franek, Lucas A1 - Franek, Marzena A1 - Maurer, Helmut A1 - Wagner, Marcus T1 - A discretization method for the numerical solution of Dieudonné-Rashevsky type problems with application to edge detection within noisy image data T2 - Optimal Control Applications and Methods Y1 - 2012 SN - 1099-1514 VL - 33 IS - 3 SP - 276 EP - 301 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kunisch, Karl A1 - Nagaiah, Chamakuri A1 - Wagner, Marcus T1 - A parallel Newton-Krylov method for optimal control of the monodomain model in cardiac electrophysiology T2 - Computing and Visualization in Science Y1 - 2012 SN - 1433-0369 VL - 14 IS - 6 SP - 257 EP - 269 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sommer, Michael A1 - Höhn, Axel A1 - Breuer, Jörn A1 - Zagorski, Zbigniew A1 - Busse, J. A1 - Barkusky, Dietmar A1 - Meier, K. A1 - Puppe, Daniel A1 - Wanner, Manfred A1 - Kaczorek, Danuta T1 - Si cycling in a forest biogeosystem – the importance of transient state biogenic Si pools T2 - Biogeosciences Y1 - 2013 SN - 1726-4189 VL - 10 IS - 7 SP - 4991 EP - 5007 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kunisch, Karl A1 - Wagner, Marcus T1 - Optimal control of the bidomain system (I): The monodomain approximation with the Rogers–McCulloch model T2 - Nonlinear Analysis: Real World Applications Y1 - 2012 SN - 1468-1218 VL - 13 IS - 4 SP - 1525 EP - 1550 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wagner, Marcus T1 - A direct method for the solution of an optimal control problem arising from image registration T2 - Numerical Algebra, Control and Optimization Y1 - 2012 SN - 2155-3289 VL - 2 IS - 3 SP - 487 EP - 510 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wagner, Marcus T1 - Quasiconvex relaxation of multimensional control problems with integrands f(t, ξ, v) T2 - ESAIM: Control, Optimisation and Calculus of Variations Y1 - 2011 VL - 17 IS - 1 SP - 190 EP - 221 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wagner, Marcus T1 - Smoothness properties of the lower semicontinuous quasiconvex envelope T2 - Journal for analysis and its applications Y1 - 2010 SN - 1661-4534 VL - 29 IS - 4 SP - 377 EP - 400 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ehrmann, Otto A1 - Puppe, Daniel A1 - Wanner, Manfred A1 - Kaczorek, Danuta A1 - Sommer, Michael T1 - Testate amoebae in 31 mature forest ecosystems - densities and micro-distribution in soils T2 - European Journal of Protistology Y1 - 2012 SN - 1618-0429 N1 - Diese Publikation entstand in Zusammenarbeit mit dem ZALF e.V. und dem Büro für Bodenmikromorphologie und Bodenbiologie Creglingen (Erstautor) VL - 48 IS - 3 SP - 161 EP - 168 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wanner, Manfred T1 - Immediate effects of prescribed burning on terrestrial testate amoebae in a continental Calluna heathland T2 - Ecological Engineering Y1 - 2012 SN - 0925-8574 N1 - Die Freilandarbeiten und Teile der Auswertung erfolgten am Senckenberg Museum für Naturkunde Görlitz VL - 42 SP - 101 EP - 106 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schubert, Christian T1 - The pitfalls of Darwinian “progress”: a comment on “Evolvability and progress in evolutionary economics” by Tim Cochrane and James Maclaurin T2 - Journal of Bioeconomics Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10818-012-9146-0 SN - 1573-6989 VL - 15 IS - 3 SP - 325 EP - 328 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwitzke, Marko A1 - Bachmann, Volkmar A1 - Freyer, Thomas T1 - Nomogramme im Bauingenieurwesen - Zur Konstruktion von Fluchtlinientafeln T2 - Bauingenieur Y1 - 2010 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 85 IS - 2 SP - 82 EP - 86 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Michailov, Vesselin A1 - Stadtaus, Marc T1 - Einige Probleme der FE-Simulation zur Wasserstoff- und Stickstoffverteilung beim Schweißen T2 - Zeitschrift für Metallkunde KW - Wasserstoff- und Stickstoffverteilung KW - FE-Simulation des Schweißens Y1 - 2001 SN - 0044-3093 VL - 92 IS - 3 SP - 247 EP - 252 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Anagnostōpulos, Kōnstantinos N. A1 - Charalambopoulos, Antonios A1 - Kleefeld, Andreas T1 - The factorization method for the acoustic transmission problem T2 - Inverse Problems N2 - In this work, the shape reconstruction problem of acoustically penetrable bodies from the far-field data corresponding to time-harmonic plane wave incidence is investigated within the framework of the factorization method. Although the latter technique has received considerable attention in inverse scattering problems dealing with impenetrable scatterers and it has not been elaborated for inverse transmission problems with the only exception being a work by the first two authors and co-workers. We aim to bridge this gap in the field of acoustic scattering; the paper on one hand focuses on establishing rigorously the necessary theoretical framework for the application of the factorization method to the inverse acoustic transmission problem. The main outcome of the investigation undertaken is the derivation of an explicit formula for the scatterer's characteristic function, which depends solely on the far-field data feeding the inverse scattering scheme. Extended numerical examples in three dimensions are also presented, where a variety of different surfaces are successfully reconstructed by the factorization method, thus, complementing the method's validation from the computational point of view. KW - integral equations KW - Factorization method KW - scattering KW - inverse problem Y1 - 2013 UR - http://iopscience.iop.org/0266-5611/29/11/115015/ U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/0266-5611/29/11/115015 SN - 0266-5611 SN - 1361-6420 VL - 29 IS - 11 SP - 115015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Wei A1 - Doynov, Nikolay A1 - Wolf, Matthias A1 - Dreibati, Ossama A1 - Ossenbrink, Ralf A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Investigation of the Thermal Shock Behavior of Ceramic Using a Combination of Experimental Testing and FE-Simulation Methods T2 - Advanced engineering materials N2 - Thermal shock behavior of ceramics plays a decisive role in their broad industrial applications. For enhanced understanding of damage and failure mechanism under thermal shock loading, in the present work, a combination of experimental testing and numerical simulation methods has been used. The thermal shock behavior of the alumina (99.7%) disk samples has been investigated by using a plasma test stand: the bottom of the ceramic disks were locally heated in the center by plasma beam; during the heat treatment the temperature distribution at the top of the sample was recorded with a thermographic system. To characterize the thermal shock resistance, a thermomechanical simulation was subsequently carried out. It calculates the temperature and stress distribution within the ceramic disks. The calculated critical thermal tension stresses are reported, which led to the failure of the ceramic disks under thermal shock loading. The effect of the sample thickness on the temperature and stress distribution is presented. Compared with the experimental results the simulated results show excellent agreement. As conclusion, it is possible to determine the thermal shock behavior of ceramic materials by the combination of experimental testing and numerical simulation. KW - Thermal Shock Behavior KW - Ceramic KW - FE-Simulation KW - Experimental Testing Y1 - 2013 UR - http://www.aem-journal.com U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.201200241 SN - 1527-2648 VL - 15 IS - 6 SP - 480 EP - 484 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stadtaus, Marc A1 - Michailov, Vesselin A1 - Wohlfahrt, Helmut T1 - Numerical calculation of the main factors on cold cracking T2 - Materialwissenschaften und Werkstofftechnik KW - cold cracks; finite‐element‐analysis; Kaltrisse Y1 - 2003 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/mawe.200390007 SN - 0933-5137 SN - 1521-4052 VL - 34 IS - 1 SP - 145 EP - 151 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kaplan, Felix A1 - Jesse, Frank T1 - Verfahren für Biegeverstärkungen an Stahlbetonbauteilen T2 - Bautechnik Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/bate.201101482 SN - 0932-8351 VL - 88 IS - 7 SP - 433 EP - 442 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Curbach, Manfred A1 - Jesse, Frank T1 - Textile-Reinforced Concrete – A Building material Success Story: New Developments, Practical Examples T1 - Erfolgsbaustoff Textilbeton – neue Entwicklungen, praktische Beispiele T2 - BFT International Y1 - 2011 N1 - Zugleich Tagungsband zu: 55. Betontage – Nachhaltige Innovation, Neu-Ulm, 8.-10.2.2011 VL - 77 IS - 2 SP - 94 EP - 95 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hartig, J. A1 - Schicktanz, K. A1 - Jesse, Frank A1 - Häußler-Combe, U. T1 - Influence of experimental setups on the apparent uniaxial tensile load-bearing capacity of Textile Reinforced Concrete specimens T2 - Materials and Structures Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-011-9775-0 SN - 1871-6873 VL - 45 IS - 3 SP - 433 EP - 446 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jesse, Frank T1 - Ermüdet Textilbeton? Verhalten unter nicht-ruhender Beanspruchung T2 - TUDALIT Magazin Y1 - 2012 IS - 7 SP - S. 20 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meining, Melanie A1 - Kalusche, Wolfdietrich T1 - Interview: Bauen im Bestand T2 - zeno - Zeitschrift für nachhaltiges Bauen Y1 - 2010 SN - 1866-8429 IS - 2 SP - S. 65 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rossi, Francesca A1 - Fabbri, Filippo A1 - Tallarida, Massimo A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Modreanu, Mircea A1 - Attolini, Giovanni A1 - Salviati, Giancarlo T1 - Structural and luminescence properties of HfO2 nanocrystals grown by atomic layer deposition on SiC/SiO2 core/shell nanowires T2 - Scripta Materialia N2 - In this work we report the morphological, structural and luminescence properties of HfO2 nanocrystals grown on the surface of SiC/SiO2 core/shell nanowires by atomic layer deposition. All the studies are carried out in comparison with HfO2 nanocrystal aggregates grown on planar oxidized silicon substrates. The structural analyses reveal that HfO2has monoclinic structure with dif-ferent orientations. The cathodoluminescence emission shows the main components at 2.7 and 2.3 eV, deeply influenced by the arrangement and aggregation of the nanocrystals. KW - Silicon carbide KW - Silicon dioxide KW - Nanowires KW - Hafnium oxide KW - Nanocrystals Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2013.08.017 SN - 1359-6462 VL - 69 IS - 10 SP - 744 EP - 747 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Koch, Sandy A1 - Harlander, Uwe A1 - Egbers, Christoph A1 - Hollerbach, Rainer T1 - Inertial waves in a spherical shell induced by librations of the inner sphere: experimental and numerical results T2 - Fluid Dynamics Research Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/0169-5983/45/3/035504 SN - 0169-5983 VL - 45 IS - 3 SP - 035504 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Haeberle, Jörg A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Gargouri, Hassan A1 - Naumann, Franziska A1 - Gruska, Bernd A1 - Arens, Michael A1 - Tallarida, Massimo A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Ellipsometry and XPS comparative studies of thermal and plasma enhanced atomic layer deposited Al2O3-films T2 - Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology N2 - We report on results on the preparation of thin (<100 nm) aluminum oxide (Al2O3) films on silicon substrates using thermal atomic layer deposition (T-ALD) and plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition (PE-ALD) in the SENTECH SI ALD LL system. The T-ALD Al2O3layers were deposited at 200 °C, for the PE-ALD films we varied the substrate temperature range between room temperature (rt) and 200 °C. We show data from spectroscopic ellipsometry (thickness, refractive index, growth rate) over 4” wafers and correlatethem to X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results. The 200°C T-ALD and PE-ALD processes yield films with similar refractive indices and with oxygen to aluminum elemental ratios very close to the stoichiometric value of 1.5. However, in both also fragments of the precursor are integrated into the film. The PE-ALD films show an increased growth rate and lower carbon contaminations. Reducing the deposition temperature down to rt leads to a higher content of carbon and CH-species. We also find a decrease of the refractive index and of the oxygen to aluminum elemental ratio as well as an increase of the growth rate whereas the homogeneity of the film growth is not influenced significantly. Initial state energy shifts in all PE-ALD samples are observed which we attribute to a net negative charge within the films. KW - Al2O3 KW - ALD KW - ellipsometry KW - PE-ALD KW - XPS Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.4.83 SN - 2190-4286 VL - 2013 IS - 4 SP - 732 EP - 742 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Scheele, Alexandra T1 - Frauenerwerbsarbeit im Spannungsfeld von "Prekarisierung" und "guter Arbeit" - Geschlechterpolitische Erweiterungen T2 - Arbeit, Zeitschrift für Arbeitsforschung, Arbeitsgestaltung und Arbeitspolitik Y1 - 2013 SN - 0941-5025 VL - 22 IS - 3 SP - 187 EP - 198 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lee, Hyunjoo J. A1 - Park, Kwan Kyu A1 - Kupnik, Mario A1 - Melosh, Nicholas A. A1 - Khuri-Yakub, Butrus T. T1 - Mesoporous thin-film on highly sensitive resonant chemical sensors for relative humidity and CO2 detection T2 - Analytical Chemistry N2 - Distributed sensing of gas-phase chemicals is a promising application for mesoporous materials when combined with highly sensitive miniaturized gas sensors. We present a direct application of a mesoporous silica thin film on a highly sensitive miniaturized resonant chemical sensor with a mass sensitivity at the zeptogram scale for relative humidity and CO2 detection. Using mesoporous silica thin-film, we report one of the lowest volume resolutions and a sensitive detection of 5.1 × 10–4% RH/Hz to water vapor in N2, which is 70 times higher than a device with a nontemplated silica layer. In addition, a mesoporous thin-film that is functionalized with an amino-group is directly applied on the resonant sensor, which exhibits a volume sensitivity of 1.6 × 10–4%/Hz and a volume resolution of 1.82 × 10–4% to CO2 in N2. Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/ac300225c SN - 1520-6882 VL - 84 IS - 7 SP - 3063 EP - 3066 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lee, Hyunjoo J. A1 - Park, Kwan Kyu A1 - Kupnik, Mario A1 - Khuri-Yakub, Butrus T. T1 - Functionalization layers for CO2 sensing using capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers T2 - Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical N2 - Sensing of carbon dioxide(CO2)using inexpensive, miniaturized,and highly sensitive sensors is of great interest for environmental and consumer applications. In this paper, we present four functionalization layers that are suitable for resonant sensors based on mass-loading for CO2 detection. We compare the volume sensitivities of these layers to CO2 and relative humidity (RH) by using a highly sensitive 50-MHz capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducer (CMUT) as a resonant sensor. Among the four function-alization layers, the layer based on a guanidine polymer exhibits the highest volume sensitivity to CO2 of 1.0 ppm/Hz in N2 and 3.8 ppm/Hz in air (∼45%RH). Furthermore, we report on other important characteristics of the guanidine polymer for sensing applications, including polymer saturation, regeneration, and repeatability. Y1 - 2012 SN - 0925-4005 IS - 174 SP - 87 EP - 93 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kornienko, Elena A1 - Ossenbrink, Ralf A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Corrosion resistance of zinc-coated structured sheet metals T2 - Corrosion Science N2 - The purpose of this study is to characterise the corrosion behaviour of zinc-coated sheet metals after a structuring process using the salt spray test. The investigated structured material is manufactured by hydroforming and has a periodic hexagonal geometry. The corrosion behaviour has been evaluated by estimating the development of the corrosion area and penetration depth. The results of the investigation show that the corrosion area is larger on the smooth sheet than on the structured sheet. The difference between the structured and smooth sheets is negligible with increasing exposure time. Furthermore, the reasons for the different corrosion behaviours are discussed. KW - Corrosion KW - structur sheet metals Y1 - 2013 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010938X12006233 SN - 0010-938X VL - Vol. 69 SP - 270 EP - 280 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mykhailova, Larysa A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Iurchenko, Valentina T1 - Distribution and fractional composition of petroleum hydrocarbons in roadside soils T2 - Applied and Environmental Soil Science Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/938703 VL - 2013 IS - ID 938703 SP - 1 EP - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cuypers, Daniel A1 - Dorp, Dennis H. von A1 - Tallarida, Massimo A1 - Brizzi, Simone A1 - Rodriguez, Leonard A1 - Conard, Thierry A1 - Arnauts, Sophia A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Adelmann, Christoph A1 - De Gendt, Stefan T1 - Study of InP Surfaces after Wet Chemical Treatments T2 - ECS Transactions N2 - In this work synchrotron radiation photoemission spectroscopy (SRPES) is used to study InP surfaces after different wet chemical treatments. All results are compared to a typical fingerprint of surface components present on an as received InP sample. It is shown that acidified (HCl and H₂SO₄) treatments efficiently remove the native phosphate, although components like Pᴼ, Inᴼ and P(2±∆)+ remain present. In alkaline solution (NH₄OH) oxide remains present at the surface. As an alternative treatment, the immersion into (NH₄)₂S was studied. This passivation treatment results in fewer surface components which suggests that a higher quality surface is obtained. KW - Synchrotron Radiation Photoelectron Spectroscopy KW - InP KW - Wet chemical treatment Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1149/05806.0297ecst SN - 1938-6737 SN - 1938-5862 VL - 58 IS - 6 SP - 297 EP - 303 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cuypers, Daniel A1 - Dorp, Dennis H. von A1 - Tallarida, Massimo A1 - Brizzi, Simone A1 - Conard, Thierry A1 - Rodriguez, Leonard A1 - Mees, M. A1 - Arnauts, Sophia A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Adelmann, Christoph A1 - De Gendt, Stefan T1 - Study of InP Surfaces after Wet Chemical Treatments T2 - ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology N2 - The influence of different wet chemical treatments (HCl, H₂SO₄, NH₄OH) on the composition of InP surfaces is studied by using synchrotron radiation photoemission spectroscopy (SRPES). It is shown that a significant amount of oxide remains present after immersion in a NH₄OH solution which is ascribed to the insolubility of In³⁺ at higher pH values. Acidic treatments efficiently remove the native oxide, although components like Pᴼ, Inᴼ and P(2±Δ)+ suboxides are observed. Alternatively, the influence of a passivation step in (NH₄)₂S solution on the surface composition was investigated. The InP surface after immersion into (NH₄)₂S results in fewer surface components, without detection of Pᴼ and P(2±Δ)+ suboxides. Finally, slight etching of InP surfaces in HCl/H₂O₂ solution followed by a native oxide removal step, showed no significant effect on the surface composition. KW - Synchrotron Radiation Photoelectron Spectroscopy KW - Scanning Tunneling Microscopy KW - InP KW - Wet chemical treatment Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1149/2.005401jss SN - 2162-8777 SN - 2162-8769 VL - 3 IS - 1 SP - N3016 EP - N3022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, Klaus A1 - Städter, Matthias A1 - Rachow, Fabian A1 - Hoffmannbeck, David A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Sabatier-based CO2-methanation by catalytic conversion T2 - Environmental Earth Sciences N2 - The catalytic conversion of CO2is an important component for the reintegration of secondary products like CO2 or H2 into the energy supply. An example is the "power to gas’" concept with a conversion of CO2 into CH4. The CO2 is transferred into a carrier of chemical energy, with the possibility to feed the produced CH4 into the existing network of natural gas. At temperatures of around 350 °C, hydrogenation of CO2 to CH4 is possible by the Sabatier reaction CO2+4H2->CH4+H2O. One prerequisite for efficient kinetics of the Sabatier reaction is the application and optimization of catalysts. The focus of catalyst development is given to their performance under the conditions to be expected in the special application. As a part of the project Geoenergy-Research (GeoEn), we address questions related to the catalytic utilization of CO2 produced in the course of the oxyfuel combustion of lignite. In this contribution, we report on the experimental setup in laboratory scale, which enables an advanced characterization of the catalytic performance, including thermodesorption measurements at atmospheric pressure in order to determine the amount of adsorbed CO2 under real conditions. We also show data for activation energies, the catalytic performance as function of temperature and the long time stability of a commercial Ru-based catalyst. KW - CO2 KW - Sabatier reaction KW - Catalysis KW - RuO2 Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-013-2609-3 SN - 1866-6280 VL - 70 IS - 8 SP - 3771 EP - 3778 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Das, Chittaranjan A1 - Tallarida, Massimo A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Linear dichroism in ALD layers of TiO₂ T2 - Environmental Earth Sciences N2 - We prepare TiO₂film by ALD and study their electronic properties by soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and photoelectron spectroscopy. We focus on XAS and X-ray linear dichroism to indentify band onset and learn about local distortion of the Ti–O octahedral atomic and about defects which cause Ti-based electronic states within the band gap. KW - Anatase KW - Dichroism KW - Amorphous Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-013-2836-7 SN - 1866-6280 VL - 70 IS - 8 SP - 3785 EP - 3795 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Städter, Matthias A1 - Müller, Klaus A1 - Rachow, Fabian A1 - Richter, Matthias A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Ambient pressure thermal desorption spectroscopy (AP-TDS) of NiO/SiO2 catalysts T2 - Environmental Earth Sciences N2 - The Sabatier reaction is a key process in the "power-to-gas" application which is considered to con-tribute to future chemical energy storage systems. In this contribution we focus on the catalytic active sites of a NiO catalyst supported on SiO2(NiO/SiO2) which is commonly used in the Sabatier reaction. A novel technique for the characterization of the active sites is presented and dis-cussed using thermal desorption spectroscopy at ambient pressure. This analytical tool is operated under reaction conditions and allows element specific measurements during the catalytic process of CO2 reforming towards methane. Beside the desorption experiments, XPS and XAS measurements of pristine and catalytically used samples are performed to determine the influence of the Sabatier reaction conditions on the surface structure of the catalyst. KW - CO2 KW - NiO KW - TDS KW - XAS KW - XPS Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-013-2835-8 SN - 1866-6280 VL - 70 IS - 8 SP - 3779 EP - 3784 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Scheck-Wenderoth, Magdalena A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Mutti, Maria A1 - Kolditz, Olaf A1 - Huenges, Ernst A1 - Schultz, Hans-Martin A1 - Liebscher, Axel A1 - Bock, Michaela T1 - Geoenergy: new concepts for utilization of geo-reservoirs as potential energy sources T2 - Environmental Earth Sciences KW - Geothermal technologies KW - capturing and storing and utilizing CO2 KW - hydraulic fracturing Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-013-2877-y SN - 1866-6280 VL - 70 IS - 8 SP - 3427 EP - 3431 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gerlich, Lukas A1 - Ohsiek, Susanne A1 - Klein, Christoph A1 - Geiß, Mario A1 - Friedemann, Michael A1 - Kücher, Peter A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Interface engineering for the TaN/Ta barrier film deposition process to control Ta-crystal growth T2 - Microelectronic Engineering N2 - As a consequence of device shrinking the resistivity of the widely used TaN/Ta double barrier layer becomes an increasingly important parameter for device speed beyond the 32 nm technology node. In this study we describe the optimization of the deposition of TaN/Ta stacks in such a way that tantalum nitride layer thickness is minimized and tantalum grows in the favorable conducting alpha-phase. In the first part of the study we usedin situ ARXPS to investigate the growth of different tantalum nitride layers on SiO2 and SiOCH as a function of deposition time, nitrogen flow and deposition power. In the second part we analyzed the crystalline phase of a 20 nm thick tantalum layer deposited on top of the same series of tantalum nitride layers characterized in the growth study. The main findings are the appearance of tan-talum carbide and tantalum silicide as interface species for the deposition on SiOCH and only tantalum silicide for the deposition on SiO2. We found that alpha-tantalum grows preferably on tantalum carbide and nitrogen rich intermediate layers whereas silicide at the interface promotes the growth of beta-tantalum. To verify these findings we studied two additional modifications of the interface. A lower bias power for a deposition of tantalum nitride on SiO2 was used to confirm the role of tantalum silicide and a thermal treatment of a thin tantalum layer on SiOCH was applied to confirm the role of tantalum carbide. Finally, the contact resistance in via chains on patterned wafers for four selected processes showed the same trends as the sheet resistance of the corresponding barrier films on blanket wafer experiments. KW - Tantalum KW - in situ XPS KW - Ta-phase KW - TaNx KW - Barrier KW - Interface Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mee.2013.01.017 VL - Vol. 106 SP - 63 EP - 68 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lechner, Stefan A1 - Merzsch, Matthias A1 - Krautz, Hans Joachim T1 - Heat-transfer from horizontal tube bundles into fluidized beds with Geldart A lignite particles T2 - Powder Technology N2 - This work investigates the heat transfer mechanism in fluidized beds equipped with horizontal heat exchanger surfaces such as single tubes and especially tube bundles. Previous works were performed for varying operating conditions and solids' material properties, leading to a heterogeneous and therefore not applicable spectrum of derived correlations for the influence of tube diameter and tube bundle geometry on heat transfer. Based on a wide range validation of the correlation for the influence of single tube diameter on heat transfer coefficient, tube bundles with different tube diameters and horizontal and vertical spacings and alignments were investigated. Experiments were carried out using electrical heat transfer probes in a 0.15 m2 fluidized bed test facility at ambient conditions. Geldart A lignite and Geldart D solids were used in order to distinguish between predominant particle-convective and gas-convective heat transfer mechanisms. The tube bundle reduction factor on heat transfer coefficient was derived as a key parameter based on dimensionless geometric numbers. This factor predicts the reduction of the heat transfer coefficient compared to that of the single tube due to the particle and gas flow disturbances caused by the immersed tubes. Tube diameter as well as tube bundle geometry were successfully implemented into useful correlations for predicting tube bundles' heat transfer of gas–solid fluidized bed systems operating with fine particles. KW - Fluidized bed KW - Lignite KW - Drying KW - Heat transfer KW - Horizontal tubes KW - Tube bundle Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2013.10.041 IS - 253 SP - 14 EP - 21 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Voß, O. A1 - Michailov, Vesselin A1 - Decker, I. T1 - Erweiterung der numerischen Schweißsimulation zur Untersuchung metallkundlicher Fragestellungen T2 - Zeitschrift für Metallkunde KW - numerische Schweißsimulation,Gefügeumwandlungen,Werkstoffkennwerte Y1 - 2001 SN - 0044-3093 VL - 92 IS - 3 SP - 293 EP - 299 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Gargouri, Hassan A1 - Gruska, Bernd A1 - Arens, Michael A1 - Tallarida, Massimo A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Capacitance and conductance versus voltage characterization of Al2O3 layers prepared by PE-ALD at 25°C ≤ T ≤ 200°C T2 - Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology A N2 - In this work, plasma enhanced atomic layer deposited (PE-ALD) samples were prepared at substrate temperatures in the range between room temperature (RT) and 200 °C and investigated by capacitance–voltage and conductance–voltage recordings. The measurements are compared to standard thermal atomic layer deposition (T-ALD) at 200 °C. Very low interface state density (D it) ~1011 eV−1 cm−2 could be achieved for the PE-ALD process at 200 °C substrate temperature after postdeposition anneal (PDA) in forming gas at 450 °C. The PDA works very effectively for both the PE-ALD and T-ALD at 200 °C substrate temperature delivering also similar values of negative fixed charge density (N fix) around −2.5 × 1012 cm−2. At the substrate temperature of 150 °C, highest N fix (−2.9 × 1012 cm−2) and moderate D it (2.7 × 1011 eV−1 cm−2) values were observed. The as deposited PE-ALD layer at RT shows both low D it in the range of (1 to 3) × 1011 eV−1 cm−2 and low N fix (−4.4 × 1011 cm−2) at the same time. The dependencies of N fix, D it, and relative permittivity on the substrate temperatures and its adjustability are discussed. KW - Atomic layer deposition (ALD) KW - Al2O3 KW - dielectric properties KW - interface state density KW - fixed oxide charge KW - permittivity Y1 - 2014 UR - http://link.aip.org/link/?JVA/32/01A107&aemail=author U6 - https://doi.org/10.1116/1.4831897 VL - 1 IS - 32 SP - 01A107-1 EP - 01A107-10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gerlich, Stefan A1 - Weger, Peter T1 - Highly Efficient Packaged 11-13 GHz Power Amplifier in SiGe-Technology With 37.3% of PAE T2 - IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters N2 - A power amplifier for a frequency range of 11-13 GHz that is incorporated in 0.35 μm SiGe-technology is presented in this letter. The two-stage push-pull amplifier uses monolithically integrated transformers for input and interstage matching and a monolithically integrated modified LC-balun as an output-matching network. For stabilization purposes and gain improvement in the operating frequency range a passive frequency selective feedback in parallel to the base-collector was introduced. The power amplifier is mounted on a 7 × 7 mm VQFN package. From a single 1.8 V voltage supply, the amplifier has a power-added efficiency of greater than 30% from 11.2 to 13 GHz with a maximum of 37.3% at 12.5 GHz. The maximum output power is 23.4 dBm (saturation), as measured in the continuous mode. KW - Power amplifier Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWC.2013.2278285 SN - 1531-1309 VL - 23 IS - 10 SP - 539 EP - 541 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Giersch, Thomas A1 - Hönisch, Peter A1 - Beirow, Bernd A1 - Kühhorn, Arnold T1 - Forced Response Analyses of Mistuned Radial Inflow Turbines T2 - Journal of Turbomachinery N2 - Radial turbine wheels designed as blade integrated disks (blisk) are widely used in various industrial applications. However, related to the introduction of exhaust gas turbochargers in the field of small and medium sized engines, a sustainable demand for radial turbine wheels has come along. Despite those blisks being state of the art, a number of fundamental problems, mainly referring to fluid-structure-interaction and, therefore, to the vibration behavior, have been reported. Aiming to achieve an enhanced understanding of fluid-structure-interaction in radial turbine wheels, a numerical method, able to predict forced responses of mistuned blisks due to aerodynamic excitation, is presented. In a first step, the unsteady aerodynamic forcing is determined by modeling the spiral casing, the stator vanes, and the rotor blades of the entire turbine stage. In a second step, the aerodynamic damping induced by blade vibration is computed using a harmonic balance technique. The structure itself is represented by a reduced order model being extended by aerodynamic damping effects and aerodynamic forcings. Mistuning is introduced by adjusting the modal stiffness matrix based on results of blade by blade measurements that have been performed at rest. In order to verify the numerical method, the results are compared with strain-gauge data obtained during rig-tests. As a result, a measured low engine order excitation was found by modeling the spiral casing. Furthermore, a localization phenomenon due to frequency mistuning could be proven. The predicted amplitudes are close to the measured data. Y1 - 2013 UR - http://turbomachinery.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/article.aspx?articleid=1672771 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4007512 SN - 1528-8900 VL - 135 IS - 3 SP - 031034-1 EP - 031034-9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spyra, Simon A1 - Albrecht, Eike T1 - Aktuelle Entwicklungen und Hintergründe der Einbeziehung des Internationalen Luftverkehrs in das Europäische Emissionshandelssystem (EU EHS) T2 - Zeitschrift für Immissionsschutzrecht und Emissionshandel : I+ E N2 - Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit den Rechtsfragen der Einbeziehung des Internationalen Luftverkehrs in das Europäische Emissionshandelssystem (EU EHS) KW - Klimaschutz KW - Emissionsrechtehandel KW - Flugverkehr KW - Chikagoer Abkommen KW - Kyoto Protokoll KW - Treibhausgas KW - Klimarahmenabkommen Y1 - 2013 SN - 2191-3331 IS - 5 SP - 225 EP - 233 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Richter, Matthias A1 - Starke, Ulrich A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Multiple Auger processes in Graphene T2 - Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena N2 - Resonant Auger decay processes have been studied by resonant photoemission spectroscopy (resPES) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) in Graphene systems. The pi*-resonance is used to identify the degree of localization of the lowest pi*-orbitals in the conduction band. Localization and lifetime of the photo-excited intermediate state cause the formation of multiple Auger processes. For the Graphene systems we identify two novel Auger decay combinations with a four hole final state: the (S+S) and the(S+S)* decay. We demonstrate that these processes are sensitive for interlayer coupling and interactions with the metallic free electrons of the substrate. KW - Graphene KW - X-Ray absorption spectroscopy KW - XAS KW - resonant photoemission spectroscopy KW - resPES KW - multiple hole Auger Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elspec.2013.12.009 SN - 0368-2048 IS - Vol. 192 SP - 1 EP - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tallarida, Massimo A1 - Das, Chittaranjan A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Quantum size effects in TiO2 thin films grown by atomic layer deposition T2 - Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology N2 - We study the atomic layer deposition of TiO2 by means of X-ray absorption spectroscopy. The Ti precursor, titanium isopropoxide, was used in combination with H2O on Si/SiO2 substrates that were heated at 200 °C. The low growth rate (0.15 Å/cycle) and the in situ characterization permitted to follow changes in the electronic structure of TiO2 in the sub-nanometer range, which are influenced by quantum size effects. The modified electronic properties may play an important role in charge carrier transport and separation, and increase the efficiency of energy conversion systems. KW - atomic layer deposition (ALD) KW - charge transfer multiplet KW - covalency KW - energy conversion KW - quantum size effects KW - titanium dioxide (TiO2) KW - water splitting KW - X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.5.7 SN - 2190-4286 IS - 5 SP - 77 EP - 82 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gorenz, Paul A1 - Herzog, Nicoleta A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Investigation of CO2 release pressures in pipeline cracks T2 - Energy Procedia Y1 - 2013 SN - 1876-6102 VL - 40 SP - 285 EP - 293 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Butt, Usman A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Aerodynamic Characteristics of Flow over Circular Cylinders with Patterned Surface T2 - International Journal of Materials, Mechanics and Manufacturing Y1 - 2013 UR - http://www.ijmmm.org/papers/027-TT002.pdf VL - 1 IS - 2 SP - 121 EP - 124 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Richter, Matthias A1 - Friedrich, Daniel A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Interlayer-exciton mediated three-hole-Auger-decay in the pi-band of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite T2 - Physica E N2 - Resonant photoemission spectroscopy(resPES) is used to probe the occupied pi- and unoccupied pi*-bands of carbon thin films with particular focus on the Auger decay. Highly Oriented Pyrolytic Graphite (HOPG) is studied at the C1s edge. We find strong resonant features at 285.5 eV and 292 eV in the resPES diagram. The normal two-hole Auger decay proceeds under constant kinetic energy (451)only in the sigma*-region. In the pi*-region, however, it proceeds under 67.5° in terms of a Ebind(w) diagram. We attribute this to a multiple Auger decay with a net three hole final state. For this novel decay process we propose a model.We discuss the long lifetime of the first resonant excitation and conclude that it arises from the strong excitonic character of the first resonant state. We use HOPG as a reference system and suggest that this novel process is a tool to identify interlayer–substrate interaction of the carbon layers involved. KW - resonant excitation KW - three hole Auger decay KW - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy KW - HOPG Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physe.2013.01.015 SN - 1386-9477 VL - Vol. 56 SP - 441 EP - 446 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Futterer, Birgit A1 - Krebs, Andreas A1 - Plesa, Ana-Catalina A1 - Zaussinger, Florian A1 - Hollerbach, Rainer A1 - Breuer, Doris A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Sheet-like and plume-like thermal flow in a spherical convection experiment performed under microgravity T2 - Journal of Fluid Mechanics Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2013.507 SN - 1750-6859 VL - vol. 735 SP - 647 EP - 683 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herzog, Nicoleta A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Atmospheric dispersion of CO2 released from pipeline leakages T2 - Energy Procedia Y1 - 2013 SN - 1876-6102 VL - 40 SP - 232 EP - 239 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Busch, Jochen A1 - Bestle, Dieter T1 - Optimisation of lateral car dynamics taking into account parameter uncertainties T2 - Vehicle System Dynamics N2 - Simulation studies on an active all-wheel-steering car show that disturbance of vehicle parameters have high influence on lateral car dynamics. This motivates the need of robust design against such parameter uncertainties. A specific parametrisation is established combining deterministic, velocity dependent steering control parameters with partly uncertain, velocity independent vehicle parameters for simultaneous use in a numerical optimisation process. Model-based objectives are formulated and summarized in a multi-objective optimisation problem where especially the lateral steady state behaviour is improved by an adaption strategy based on measurable uncertainties. The normally distributed uncertainties are generated by optimal Latin hypercube sampling and a response surface based strategy helps to cut down time consuming model evaluations which offers the possibility to use a genetic optimisation algorithm. Optimisation results are discussed in different criterion spaces and the achieved improvements confirm the validity of the proposed procedure. KW - vehicle dynamics and control, modelling and simulation, all-wheel-steering, uncertain dynamics, optimal control, robust design Y1 - 2014 SN - 1744-5159 VL - 52 IS - 2 SP - 166 EP - 185 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mahler-de Silva, Tina A1 - Kühhorn, Arnold A1 - Kober, Markus T1 - Developing a Simplified Surrogate Model for Structured Sheet Metals with Numerical and Experimental Comparisons T2 - Proceedings in applied mathematics and mechanics : PAMM N2 - It is important to steadily refine lightweight designs with regard to saving resources and energy in common with good economic efficiency. Thin structured sheet metals offer significantly improved component stiffnesses in addition to an upgraded buckling behavior compared to flat, unstructured sheet metals. By using a distortion energy based homogenization method it is possible to develop a mechanical surrogate model which describes effective mean properties. The accurate selection of symmetric and periodic boundaries enables to determine the required parameters. The conditions are contemplated on elementary cells whose structural mechanical behavior is representative for the elastic behavior of large structures. By doing this, the amount of elements can be reduced and thus the calculating time of large components can considerably be saved. For an efficient surrogate model it is required to analyze and compare numerical with experimental investigations. Some different versions of optimization will be tested to get better approximation of the data. KW - Structured Sheet Metals Y1 - 2013 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/pamm.201310045/abstract N1 - GAMM 2013, 84th Annual Scientific Conference, Novi Sad , 18. - 22. März 2013 VL - 13 IS - 1 SP - 99 EP - 100 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Haeberle, Jörg A1 - Richter, Matthias A1 - Galazka, Zbigniew A1 - Janowitz, Christoph A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Resonant Photoemission at the O1s threshold to characterize In2O3 single crystals T2 - Thin Solid Films N2 - We report on spectroscopic investigations on In2O3 single crystals. We focus on the detailed analysis of the O1s resonance profile by resonant photoelectron spectroscopy. We analyze the electronic structure and assign the O2p to build the valence band and both, O2p and In5s5p states to contribute to the conduction band (CB). We determine the partial density of states for the valence and CBs and find a strong hybridization of O2p and In5s states. This is deduced from constant final state spectra on the O-KLL-Auger over the O K-edge and In M4,5-edge and a comparison to the corresponding X-ray absorption spectroscopy data.We also identify several types of defects. A broad band of oxygen derived defects is identified that extends throughout the gap. These are attributed to small polarons which cause an anti-resonance in the valence states around the O1s threshold. In addition, a separate Auger decay at resonance indicates the existence of localized charge transfer states which involves localized In5s5p states. KW - In2O3 KW - TCO KW - X-ray spectroscopy KW - Small polaron KW - Charge transfer Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2013.03.036 SN - 0040-6090 SN - 1879-2731 VL - 2014 IS - 555 SP - 53 EP - 56 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kramm, Ulrike Ingrid A1 - Herrmann-Geppert, Iris A1 - Fiechter, Sebastian A1 - Zehl, Gerald A1 - Zizak, Ivo A1 - Dorbandt, Iris A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Bogdanoff, Peter T1 - Effect of iron carbide formation on the number of active sites in Fe-N-C catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction in acidic media T2 - Journals of materials chemistry A KW - Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) KW - Fe-N-C catalyst KW - acidic media KW - high-temperature X-ray diffraction (HT-XRD) KW - thermogravimetry coupled with mass-spectroscopy (TG-MS) Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ta13821f SN - 2050-7488 SN - 2050-7496 IS - 8 SP - 2663 EP - 2670 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kramm, Ulrike Ingrid A1 - Lefèvre, Michel A1 - Larouche, Nicholas A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Dodelet, Jean-Pol T1 - Correlations between Mass Activity and Physicochemical Properties of Fe/N/C Catalysts for the ORR in PEM Fuel Cell via 57 Fe Mössbauer Spectroscopy and Other Techniques T2 - Journal of the American Chemica Society N2 - The aim of this work is to clarify the origin of the enhanced PEM-FC performance of catalysts prepared by the procedures described in Science 2009, 324, 71 and Nat. Commun. 2011, 2, 416. Catalysts were characterized after a first heat treatment in argon at 1050 °C (Ar) and a second heat treatment in ammonia at 950 °C (Ar + NH3). For the NC catalysts a variation of the nitrogen precursor was also implemented. 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, neutron activation analysis, and N2 sorption measurements were used to characterize all catalysts. The results were correlated to the mass activity of these catalysts measured at 0.8 V in H2/O2 PEM-FC. It was found that all catalysts contain the same FeN4-like species already found in INRS Standard (Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2012, 14, 11673). Among all FeN4-like species, only D1 sites, assigned to FeN4/C, and D3, assigned to N-FeN2+2 /C sites, were active for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The difference between INRS Standard and the new catalysts is simply that there are many more D1 and D3 sites available in the new catalysts. All (Ar + NH3)-type catalysts have a much larger porosity than Ar-type catalysts, while the maximum number of their active sites is only slightly larger after a second heat treatment in NH3. The large difference in activity between the Ar-type catalysts and the Ar + NH3 ones stems from the availability of the sites to perform ORR, as many sites of the Ar-type catalysts are secluded in the material, while they are available at the surface of the Ar + NH3-type catalysts. KW - Fe-N-C catalyst KW - 57 Fe Mössbauer Spectroscopy KW - X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy KW - neutron activation analysis KW - nitrogen sorption measurements KW - oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) KW - PEM Fuel Cell Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/ja410076f SN - 0002-7863 SN - 1520-5126 VL - 136 IS - 3 SP - 978 EP - 985 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lenk, Friedrich A1 - Schott, Matthias A1 - Hilsenbeck, Jochen A1 - Heinrich, Wolfgang T1 - A new design approach for low phase-noise reflection-type MMIC oscillators T2 - IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques N2 - In this paper, optimization of the loaded quality factor QL for reflection-type heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) oscillators is investigated. The main result is an optimum relation between the S-parameter phases at the three transistor ports. A new design strategy for this type of oscillator is proposed. The analysis is verified by comparing several Ka-band monolithic-microwave integrated-circuit oscillators in GaAs HBT technology with different resonators. The measured loaded QL values correspond to the measured phase noise of the circuits. At an oscillation frequency of 33 GHz, an excellent phase noise of -87 dBc/Hz at 100-kHz offset frequency is achieved over the whole tuning range. Y1 - 2004 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2004.837319 SN - 0018-9480 VL - 52 IS - 12 SP - 2725 EP - 2731 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Eckstein, Nadine A1 - Hohmann, Andrea A1 - Weihrich, Richard A1 - Nilges, Tom A1 - Schmidt, Peer T1 - Synthesis and Phase Relations of Single-Phase Fibrous Phosphorus T2 - Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie N2 - Fibrous phosphorus is one of the known crystalline allotropes under standard pressure conditions. It has been predicted prior to its successful synthesis and structural characterization. The allotrope consists of parallel, tubular double strands of phosphorus, in contrast to the violet form of Hittorf's phosphorus, where the same strands are arranged in a perpendicular orientation towards each other. This structural similarity results in an almost identical energetic stability leading to a somehow problematic realization of single-phase materials. We herein report on the successful synthesis route to single phase fibrous phosphorus and the in situ characterization of its formation via the gas phase applying CuCl2 as a mineralizer. The sublimation pressure of fibrous phosphorus is slightly lower than the one of the black allotrope. This behavior indicates thermodynamic stability of fibrous phosphorus. KW - Allotropes;Phosphorus;High temperature gas balance Y1 - 2013 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/zaac.201300327/abstract U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.201300327 SN - 1521-3749 VL - Vol. 639 IS - 15 SP - 2741 EP - 2743 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bawohl, Melanie A1 - Nilges, Tom A1 - Schmidt, Peer T1 - Temperature Initiated P-Polymerization in Solid [Cd3Cu]CuP10 T2 - Inorganic chemistry N2 - [Cd3Cu]CuP10 is the first representative of a class of compounds featuring polyphosphidic adamantine-analogous [P10] units, which tend to be fragmented and polymerized to [P6] rings and tubular [P26] units in the solid state. A new polyphosphide with nominal composition Cd15Cu10P46 results, featuring isolated and polymerized polyanions. Thermoanalytic experiments and phase analytic measurements substantiated the consecutive loss of P4 and Cd of the starting material via different intermediate steps. After P4 loss, the new polyphosphide occurred followed by various binary copper phosphides to the final product Cu3P. KW - Thermal Analysis, Solid State Synthesis, Crystal Structure, Polyphosphide Y1 - 2013 UR - http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ic401508n U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/ic401508n SN - 1520-510X VL - 52 IS - 20 SP - 11895 EP - 11901 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Efimova, Anastasia A1 - Hubrig, Grit A1 - Schmidt, Peer T1 - Thermal stability and crystallization behavior of imidazolium halide ionic liquids T2 - Thermochimica Acta N2 - The 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium halide ionic liquids are stable up to temperatures of 246(1) °C ([BMIm]Cl), 260(1) °C ([BMIm]Br), and 238(1) °C ([BMIm]I). The thermal decomposition proceeds in thermogravimetric measurements with a total mass loss of 100%. Using evolved gas analysis (EGA) a complete degradation of [BMIm]X ionic liquids under formation of characteristic fragments CH3+, NHn+, C4Hn+, and CH3X+ (X = Cl, Br, I) has been observed. [BMIm]Cl shows enantiotropic polymorphism with a phase transition temperature at 30(1) °C, and melts at 74(1) °C (ΔHfus = 18 ± 0.5 kJ mol−1). Spontaneous e-crystallization and reversible phase transition have been found for cooling of the substance.[BMIm]Br melts at 78(1) °C (ΔHfus = 29 ± 0.5 kJ mol−1). The re-crystallization fails and thus a glassy solid is formed. The glass transition temperature is about −65 °C, the cold crystallization occurs between −30 and −20 °C. The application of both homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation agents does not interfere the glassy state. [BMIm]I undergo solidification without crystallization. The melting effect for the amorphous substance arise at −70(5) °C with ΔHfus = 0.4 ± 0.2 kJ mol−1. KW - Ionic liquids (ILs); 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium salts ([BMIm] salts); Thermal decomposition; Glass formation; Nucleation. Y1 - 2013 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040603113004875 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2013.09.023 SN - 0040-6031 VL - Vol. 573 SP - 162 EP - 169 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lorenz, Werner T1 - Yorckbrücken Berlin. Revitalisierung eines denkmalgeschützten Brückenensembles mit anprallgefährdeten Gussstützen T2 - Stahlbau Y1 - 2014 SN - 0038-9145 VL - 83 IS - 2 SP - 83 EP - 95 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Balscheit, Hagen A1 - Else, Marcus T1 - Bewertung historischer Brückenlager - Härte- und Verformungsmessungen T2 - Stahlbau Y1 - 2013 SN - 0038-9145 VL - 82 IS - 12 SP - 934 EP - 937 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Poddar, Ajay K. A1 - Rohde, Ulrich L. A1 - Apte, Anisha M. T1 - How Low Can They Go?: Oscillator Phase Noise Model, Theoretical, Experimental Validation, and Phase Noise Measurements T2 - IEEE microwave magazine Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/MMM.2013.2269859 VL - 14 IS - 6 SP - 50 EP - 72 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Poddar, Ajay K. A1 - Rohde, Ulrich L. A1 - Apte, Anisha M. T1 - Getting Its Measure: Oscillator Phase Noise Measurement Techniques and Limitations T2 - IEEE microwave magazine Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/MMM.2013.2269860 VL - 14 IS - 6 SP - 73 EP - 86 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schnieder, Frank A1 - Rudolph, Matthias T1 - Thermal Coupling in AlGaN/GaN Power Transistors T2 - Frequenz Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/freq-2012-0031 SN - 2191-6349 SN - 0016-1136 VL - 67 IS - 1-2 SP - 21 EP - 26 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Efimova, Anastasia A1 - Pinnau, Sebastian A1 - Mischke, Matthias A1 - Breitkopf, Cornelia A1 - Ruck, Michael A1 - Schmidt, Peer T1 - Development of salt hydrate eutectics as latent heat storage for air conditioning and cooling T2 - Thermochimica Acta N2 - Sustainable air conditioning systems require heat reservoirs that operate between 4 and 20 ◦C. A systematic search for binary and ternary eutectics of inorganic salts and salt hydrates with melting temperatures in this temperature regime and with high enthalpies of fusion has been performed by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Promising results were obtained for the pseudo-ternary system Zn(NO3)2·6H2O, Mn(NO3)2·4H2O, and KNO3 with the melting temperature range 18–21 ◦C and the enthalpy of fusion of about 110 kJ kg−1. Suitable nucleating and thickening agents have been found and tested to prevent the mixture from supercooling and phase separation. KW - Phase change material (PCM); Latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES); Cold storage; Salt hydrate eutectics Y1 - 2014 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004060311300573X U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2013.11.011 SN - 0040-6031 VL - 45 IS - 575 SP - 276 EP - 278 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Binnewies, Michael A1 - Glaum, Robert A1 - Schmidt, Marcus A1 - Schmidt, Peer T1 - Chemical Vapor Transport Reactions – A Historical Review T2 - Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie N2 - Since their first recognition in mineral forming processes some 150 years ago chemical vapor transport reactions (CVTR) have attracted continuous scientific interest. Due to the pioneering work of Harald Schäfer quantitative understanding and exploitation of transport reactions for crystal growth, synthesis, investigation of high-temperature gas species, and thermodynamic studies have become possible. Renewed interest in CVT is triggered by the demand of material sciences for novel compounds with tailor-made physical properties and by the need for efficient recycling strategies for various metals from industrial waste. KW - Crystal growth;CVT;Thermodynamic modeling;Transport balance;High-temperature reactions Y1 - 2013 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/zaac.201300048/abstract U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.201300048 SN - 1521-3749 VL - Vol. 639 IS - 2 SP - 219 EP - 229 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jost, Annemarie A1 - Neumann, Eva A1 - Himmelmann, Karl-Heinz T1 - Synchronized Communication Between People with Dementia and their Volunteer Caregivers : a Video-Base Explorative Study on Temporal Aspects of Interaction and the Transfer to Education T2 - Current Alzheimer Research N2 - Processes of demographic change are leading to decreasing human resources in professional as well as lay care; this decrease necessitates new concepts of care, especially for the growing number of people with dementia (p.w.d.). Since the amendment to the German Care Insurance Law (2002), family carers have been entitled to regular weekly relief, provided by volunteers who have been given a thirty-hour-training. As difficulties in information processing in p.w.d. form an important part of the symptoms in dementia sufferers - with a high impact on communication as well as competent functioning in activities associated with daily life -, we wanted to establish how much awareness and sensitivity voluntary attendants show in “tuning in” to the p.w.d. and her/his individual capacity to interact. In an exploratory study the authors analyzed videotaped interactions between volunteer caregivers and dementia-sufferers which were recorded in everyday situations during the process of ongoing care. Using methods of Video Interaction Analysis and Grounded Theory, we developed categories which describe how in tune the helpers are with the timing skills – or lack of them – of p.w.d.. We think that understanding the different ways in which p. w. d. structure their time can improve their communication and interaction. The categories – “speed and adjustment of speed”, “mutuality” and “time control” – seemed crucial in understanding the subsequent course of the interactions. In a second step, these categories have recently been used by students and staff of the Lausitz University of Applied Sciences to provide training that sensitizes volunteer attendants to the topic and to learn about volunteers` judgement on the importance of continuing education in this field. KW - Dementia KW - Volunteer caregivers KW - Timing KW - Video Analysis Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2174/156720510791383804 SN - 1875-5828 VL - 7 IS - 5 SP - 439 EP - 444 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jost, Annemarie T1 - It is normal to be not normal -How to develop the potentials of gifted children T2 - Today's children are tomorrow's parents N2 - This article is written from a professional coaching perspective and from personal experience. The author comes from a family in which members have been skipping school years for four generations. All members of the last two generations (7) skipped a year in grade or high school. Moreover, some were schooled early. The focus of this article is neither on intelligence definitions and assessment nor on didactic methods and teaching modalities (enrichment) for gifted children but on psychological aspects: How parents and teachers can guide gifted children in learning proper self-management and in building up motivation to achieve, which means following the path of one’s own interest, by and large, as well as setting appropriate goals. It means joy of learning but also readiness to work; learning to stay on task and to cope with mistakes; learning to develop self-rewarding strategies; learning to evaluate oneself and to find resources. Comparisons to sports coaching are made. KW - gifted children Y1 - 2010 UR - www.adoptiiromania.ro/files/interes/39_int_Revista%20nr%2027%20EN.pdf VL - 27 SP - 39 EP - 45 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hinze, Klaus A1 - Jost, Annemarie T1 - Kinder aus suchtbelasteten Familien im Kontext von Verfahren zu Hilfen zur Erziehung T2 - Sucht : Zeitschrift für Wissenschaft und Praxis N2 - Fragestellung: Erhebung der Zusammenhänge zwischen Hilfen zur Erziehung gemäß SGB VIII und bestehenden Alkoholbelastungen in den Herkunftsfamilien. Methodik: (1) Gruppendiskussionen (2) Eine prospektive einjährige Untersuchung in drei Jugendämtern mit standardisierten Fragebögen, ausgefüllt bei Erstellung der Hilfeplanung. Ergebnisse: In 38,6% aller erfassten Hilfen zur Erziehung kann eine Suchtbelastung in der Herkunftsfamilie der Kinder vermutet werden. Die Kinder fallen spät auf, werden nur in Ausnahmefällen von der Suchthilfe überwiesen und werden signifikant häufiger stationär untergebracht. Bei Kindern mit fetalem Alkoholsyndrom werden Versorgungslücken deutlich. Schlussfolgerungen: Hinsichtlich der Frühintervention und Vernetzung zwischen Jugend- und Suchthilfe besteht Handlungsbedarf. N2 - Aims: To research the connection between youth-protection interventions and a family background of alcoholism. Methods: (1) expert-group discussions (2) a one year survey of 3 child-protection agencies with a standardized questionnaire. Results: 38,6 % of the children who get support by child-protection agencies have a possible alcohol background in their families. The children get noticed late, referrals from alcohol treatment agencies are rare; more children from families with an alcohol background get placements outside their families than do other children. More interventions are needed for children with fetal alcohol effects. Conclusions: Steps should be taken to notice problems earlier and to better connect interventions between child agencies and the health system. KW - Kinder suchtkranker Eltern KW - Jugendhilfe KW - Vernetzung von Hilfen Y1 - 2005 SN - 0939-5911 VL - 51 IS - 2 SP - 109 EP - 118 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sonia, G. A1 - Richter, E. A1 - Brunner, F. A1 - Denker, A. A1 - Lossy, R. A1 - Mai, M. A1 - Lenk, Friedrich A1 - Bundesmann, J. A1 - Pensl, G. A1 - Schmidt, J. A1 - Zeimer, U. A1 - Wang, L. A1 - Baskar, K. A1 - Weyers, M. A1 - Würfl, Joachim A1 - Tränkle, Günther T1 - 2 MeV ion irradiation effects on AlGaN/GaN HFET devices T2 - Solid-State Electronics N2 - AlGaN/GaN heterostructure field effect transistors (HFETs) were irradiated with 2 MeV protons, carbon, oxygen, iron and krypton ions with fluences ranging from 1 × 109 cm−2 to 1 × 1013 cm−2. DC, pulsed I–V characteristics, loadpull and S-parameters of the AlGaN HFET devices were measured before and after irradiation. In parallel, a thick GaN reference layer was also irradiated with the same ions and was characterized by X-ray diffraction, photoluminescence, Hall measurements before and after irradiation. Small changes in the device performance were observed after irradiation with carbon and oxygen at a fluence of 5 × 1010 cm−2. Remarkable changes in device characteristics were seen at a fluence of 1 × 1012 cm−2 for carbon, oxygen, iron and krypton irradiation. Similarly, remarkable changes were also observed in the GaN layer for irradiations with fluence of 1 × 1012 cm−2. The results found on devices and on the GaN layer were compared and correlated. Y1 - 2008 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0038110108000671 SN - 0038-1101 VL - 52 IS - 7 SP - 1011 EP - 1017 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gnanapragasam, S. A1 - Richter, E. A1 - Brunner, F. A1 - Denker, A. A1 - Lossy, R. A1 - Mai, M. A1 - Lenk, Friedrich A1 - Opitz-Coutureau, J. A1 - Pensl, G. A1 - Schmidt, J. A1 - Zeimer, U. A1 - Wang, L. A1 - Krishnan, B. A1 - Weyers, M. A1 - Würfl, Joachim A1 - Tränkle, Günther T1 - Irradiation effects on AlGaN HFET devices and GaN layers T2 - Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics N2 - AlGaN/GaN heterostructure field effect transistors (HFETs) were irradiated with protons as well as carbon, oxygen, iron and krypton ions of high (68 and 120 MeV) and low (2 MeV) energy with fluences in the range from 1x107 to 1x1013 cm-2. High energy irradiation with protons, carbon and oxygen produced no degradation in devices while krypton irradiation at the fluence of 1x1010 cm-2 resulted in a small reduction of 2% in the transconductance. Similarly, for GaN samples irradiated with protons, carbon and oxygen at high energy no changes were seen by XRD, PL and Hall effect, while changes in lattice constant and a reduction in PL intensity were observed after irradiation with high energy krypton. Low energy irradiation with carbon and oxygen at a fluence of 5x1010 cm-2 results in small change in the device performance while remarkable changes in device characteristics are seen at a fluence of 1x1012 cm-2 for carbon, oxygen, iron and krypton irradiation. Similarly changes are also observed by XRD, PL and Hall effect for the thick GaN layer irradiated at the fluence of 1x1012 cm-2. The device results and GaN layer properties are strongly correlated. Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-008-9589-1 SN - 1573-482X VL - 19 IS - 1 SP - 64 EP - 67 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sonia, G. A1 - Richter, E. A1 - Brunner, F. A1 - Denker, A. A1 - Lossy, R. A1 - Lenk, Friedrich A1 - Opitz-Coutureau, J. A1 - Mai, M. A1 - Schmidt, J. A1 - Zeimer, U. A1 - Wang, L. A1 - Baskar, K. A1 - Weyers, M. A1 - Würfl, Joachim A1 - Tränkle, Günther T1 - High energy irradiation effects on AlGaN/GaN HFET devices T2 - Semiconductor Science and Technology N2 - The effect of proton, carbon, oxygen and krypton irradiation on AlGaN HFET devices has been studied. Irradiation was performed at 68 and 120 MeV with fluences in the range from 1 × 10^7 to 1 × 10^13 cm2 . Before and after irradiation, dc and pulsed I – V characteristics, loadpull and S -parameters of the AlGaN HFET devices were measured. A thick GaN reference layer was characterized by x-ray diffraction, photoluminescence and Hall measurements before and after irradiation. Proton, carbon and oxygen irradiation show no degradation in devices while krypton irradiation shows a small change at a fluence of 1 × 10 10 cm2 in the device characteristics. The device results are correlated with the thick GaN results. Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/0268-1242/22/11/007 SN - 0268-1242 VL - 22 IS - 11 SP - 1220 EP - 1224 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zundel, Stefan A1 - Pfriem, Reinhard T1 - Greening the innovation system? T2 - Zeitschrift für angewandte Umweltforschung Y1 - 1999 SN - 0943-1780 SN - 0933-9027 VL - 12 IS - 2 SP - 158 EP - 161 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zundel, Stefan A1 - Scholl, Gerd T1 - Neue Nutzungskonzepte für Produkte – Entwicklungsperspektiven von Strategien zur Nutzungsdauerverlängerung und Nutzungsintensivierung T2 - Zeitschrift für angewandte Umweltforschung Y1 - 1999 SN - 0933-9027 VL - 12 IS - 4 SP - 517 EP - 531 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zundel, Stefan A1 - Stieß, Immanuel T1 - Beyond Profitability of Energy-Saving Measures—Attitudes Towards Energy Saving T2 - Journal of Consumer Policy N2 - Private homeowners can save considerable amounts of energy and money, if they retrofit their homes according to up-to-date energy efficiency standards. From an expert point of view, many of these technical measures are profitable in relatively short payback times, if only additional costs are considered. Apparently, many homeowners do not follow this type of rationality and do solely not regard their refurbishment as an investment. Drawing on the results of an empirical survey of retrofit activities among 1,008 homeowners in Germany, it is argued that refurbishments are the outcome of a broader decision which is shaped by an alliance of economic and non-economic motives and goals. Energy-saving measures is expected to lower the burden of operating costs in a perceptible way and secure the value of the house, but they must also correspond to needs like comfort, convenience or belonging in order to be realized. Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10603-011-9156-7 SN - 0168-7034 VL - 34 IS - 1 SP - 91 EP - 105 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klauke, Thomas A1 - Strehlau, Ulrik A1 - Kühhorn, Arnold T1 - Integer Frequency Veering of Mistuned Blade Integrated Disks T2 - Journal of Turbomachinery N2 - As a result of more balanced blade aspect ratios of modern blade-integrated disks (blisks), interactions between disk-dominated and blade-dominated modes are becoming more and more important, especially if blade mistuning is considered. The specific vibration behavior in these transition regions is characterized by a mix of both fundamental mode types into “coupled” modes. In this paper, numerical and experimental investigations based on a front high-pressure compressor (HPC) blisk stage were carried out in order to determine the effect of blade mistuning on those regions in detail. At this, effects like mode localization and amplitude magnification are found to be weakened in an integer frequency-veering zone. Contrary to this, blisks are very sensitive to mistuning in regions of pure blade-dominated mode families with high modal density. KW - Disks KW - Blades Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4024022 SN - 1528-8900 VL - 135 IS - 6 SP - 061004-1 EP - 061004-7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bartolomeo, Antonio di A1 - Santandrea, S. A1 - Giubileo, Filippo A1 - Romeo, Francesco A1 - Petrosino, Mario A1 - Citro, R. A1 - Barbara, P. A1 - Lupina, Grzegorz A1 - Schröder, Thomas A1 - Rubino, Alfredo T1 - Effect of back-gate on contact resistance and on channel conductance in graphene-based field-effect transistors T2 - Diamond and Related Materials Y1 - 2013 SN - 0925-9635 VL - 38 IS - 13 SP - 19 EP - 23 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Beirow, Bernd A1 - Giersch, Thomas A1 - Kühhorn, Arnold A1 - Nipkau, Jens T1 - Forced Response Analysis of a Mistuned Compressor Blisk T2 - Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power N2 - The forced response of an E3E-type high pressure compressor (HPC) blisk front rotor is analyzed with regard to varying mistuning and the consideration of the fluid-structure interaction (FSI). For that purpose, a reduced order model is used in which the disk remains unchanged and mechanical properties of the blades, namely stiffness and damping, are adjusted to measured as well as intentional blade frequency mistuning distributions. The aerodynamic influence coefficient technique is employed to model the aeroelastics. Depending on the blade mode, the exciting engine order, and aerodynamic influences, it is sought for the worst mistuning distributions with respect to the maximum blade displacement based on optimization analyses. Genetic algorithms using blade-alone frequencies as design variables are applied. The validity of the Whitehead limit is assessed in this context. In particular, the question is addressed if and how far aeroelastic effects, mainly caused by aerodynamic damping, combined with mistuning can even cause a reduction of the forced response compared to the ideally tuned blisk. It is shown that the strong dependence of the aerodynamic damping on the interblade phase angle is the main driver for a possible response attenuation considering the fundamental as well as a higher blade mode. Furthermore, the differences to the blisk vibration response without a consideration of the flow and an increase of the disk's stiffness are discussed. Closing, the influence of pure damping mistuning is analyzed again using optimization. KW - Blisk Otimization KW - Mistuning Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4026537 SN - 1528-8919 VL - 136 IS - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schnieder, Frank A1 - Bengtsson, Olof A1 - Schmückle, Franz-Josef A1 - Rudolph, Matthias A1 - Heinrich, Wolfgang T1 - Simulation of RF Power Distribution in a Packaged GaN Power Transistor Using an Electro-Thermal Large-Signal Description T2 - IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2013.2261089 SN - 0018-9480 VL - 61 IS - 7 SP - 2603 EP - 2609 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Capellini, Giovanni A1 - Kozłowski, Grzegorz A1 - Yamamoto, Yuji A1 - Lisker, Marco A1 - Tillack, Bernd A1 - Ghrib, A. A1 - Kersauson, M. de A1 - El Kurdi, M. A1 - Boucaud, P. A1 - Schroeder, Thomas T1 - Tensile strained Ge layers obtained via Si-CMOS compatible approach T2 - Journal of Applied Physics Y1 - 2013 VL - 113 IS - 1 SP - 013513-1 EP - 013513-6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rumiantsev, Andrej A1 - Dörner, Ralf T1 - RF Probe Technology: History and Selected Topics T2 - IEEE microwave magazine Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/MMM.2013.2280241 VL - 14 IS - 7 SP - 46 EP - 58 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lenk, Friedrich A1 - Dörner, Ralf A1 - Rumiantsev, Andrej T1 - Sensitivity Analysis of S-Parameter Measurements Due to Calibration Standards Uncertainty T2 - IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2013.2279774 SN - 0018-9480 VL - 61 IS - 10 SP - 3800 EP - 3807 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jost, Annemarie T1 - Zeit, Psyche und Demenz T2 - Zeitschrift für Gerontopsychologie und Gerontopsychiatrie Y1 - 2003 SN - 1011-6877 VL - 16 IS - 4 SP - 159 EP - 167 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vincze, Miklos A1 - Harlander, Uwe A1 - Larcher, Thomas von A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - An experimental study of regime transitions in a differentially heated baroclinic annulus with flat and sloping bottom topographies T2 - Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-21-237-2014 SN - 1607-7946 VL - 21 IS - 1 SP - 237 EP - 250 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Adelmann, Christoph A1 - Schram, Tom A1 - Chew, Soon Aik A1 - Woicik, J. C. A1 - Brizzi, Simone A1 - Tallarida, Massimo A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Horiguchi, Naoto A1 - Elshocht, Sven van A1 - Ragnarsson, Lars-Åke T1 - On the scalability of doped hafnia thin films T2 - Applied Physics Letters N2 - The scaling behavior of Gd- and Al-doped HfO2 films as gate dielectrics in metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) capacitors was studied. For equivalent oxide thicknesses (EOTs) in the range of 10 Å, crystallized Gd:HfO2 showed higher leakage current densities than crystallized Al:HfO2, with undoped HfO2 in between. Ultimately, the scalability of Al:HfO2 was limited by the ability to crystallize the films at a given thermal budget. As a result, for post-deposition annealing at 800 °C, the EOT of Al:HfO2 based MOS capacitors was limited to ∼8 Å. However, for such an EOT, leakage current densities were reduced by about 100× with respect to HfO2. This demonstrates the high potential of Al:HfO2 for low-standby-power MOS devices. KW - scalability KW - hafnia thin films KW - Al:HfO2 KW - Gd:HfO2 KW - EXAFS KW - equivalent oxide thickness (EOT) KW - leakage current KW - X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4870075 SN - 0003-6951 SN - 1077-3118 IS - 104 SP - 122906-1 EP - 122906-4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Koch, Hagen A1 - Vögele, Stefan A1 - Kaltofen, Michael A1 - Grossmann, M. A1 - Grünewald, Uwe T1 - Security of Water Supply and Electricity Production: Aspects of Integrated Management T2 - Water Resources Management N2 - The share of renewable resources in electricity generation, e.g. in Germany, is increasing. The power sector is thus becoming more dependent on climate/weather parameters. During the summer months of the last decade, numerous thermal power plants in Europe had to be throttled due to water shortages and high water temperatures. At the same time, Europe was confronted with a reduction in hydropower production. One method of securing a future electricity supply is to increase the reliability of the water supply for power plants. In this paper, scenarios are presented for future electricity production by hydropower and thermal power plants in the Elbe river basin. Electricity production in hydropower plants will decline by approximately 13 % by 2050. This decline is due to climate change and it could be compensated for by optimizing and modernizing existing hydropower plants. Due to higher efficiencies and the conversion of plant cooling systems, no water shortages are expected in most thermal power plants. However, water shortages are expected to affect the plants in the city of Berlin. Inter- and intra-basin water transfers constitute a possible adaptation option. While the transfer of water from the river Oder would be the most cost-efficient solution from Berlin’s perspective, the transfer of water from the river Elbe would have additional positive effects in the upstream Spree river sub-basin. KW - Water supply KW - Electricity production KW - Integrated management KW - Elbe basin Y1 - 2014 UR - http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11269-014-0589-z U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-014-0589-z SN - 0920-4741 SN - 1573-1650 VL - 28 IS - 6 SP - 1767 EP - 1780 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zundel, Stefan A1 - Bunke, Stefan A1 - Schramm, Engelbert A1 - Steinfeldt, Michael T1 - Stoffstrommanagement - Zwischenbilanz einer Diskussion T2 - Zeitschrift für Umweltpolitik und Umweltrecht Y1 - 1998 SN - 0343-7167 IS - 3 SP - 317 EP - 340 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Riebel, Ulrich A1 - Aleksin, Yury A1 - Vora, Alpesh Laxman T1 - Das Verhalten hochohmiger Stäube T2 - Chemie-Ingenieur-Technik KW - hochohmige Stäube Y1 - 2013 SN - 1522-2640 SN - 0009-286X VL - 85 IS - 3 SP - 235 EP - 244 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stadler, Peter A1 - Hofacker, Ivo A1 - Priwitzer, Barbara T1 - Prediction of locally stable RNA secondary structure for genome-wide surveys T2 - Bioinformatics Y1 - 2004 SN - 1460-2059 VL - 20 IS - 2 SP - 191 EP - 198 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reinhardt, Fritjof A1 - Altmann, Olaf A1 - Reichmann, Heinz A1 - Brehme, Stefan A1 - Taganow, Olga A1 - Reschke, Pit A1 - Vogel, Steffen A1 - Weigert, Martin A1 - Priwitzer, Barbara T1 - BNP- und Troponin I-Serumspiegel bei unterschiedlicher Schlaganfallätiologie und –topographie T2 - Aktuelle Neurologie Y1 - 2012 SN - 1438-9428 VL - 39 IS - 4 SP - 168 EP - 173 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lenk, Kerstin A1 - Reuter, Matthias A1 - Schröder, Olaf A1 - Gramowski, Alexandra A1 - Jügelt, Konstantin A1 - Priwitzer, Barbara T1 - Information extraction from biphasic concentration- response curves for data obtained from neuronal activity of networks cultivated on multielectrode- array-neurochips T2 - BMC Neuroscience Y1 - 2010 UR - http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2202/11/S1/P168 SN - 1471-2202 VL - 11 IS - Suppl. 1 SP - P168 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lenk, Kerstin A1 - Priwitzer, Barbara T1 - INEX – A binary neuronal model with inhibitory and excitatory synapses T2 - BMC Neuroscience Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2202-12-S1-P260 SN - 1471-2202 VL - 12 IS - Suppl. 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zundel, Stefan T1 - Ökonomisch-ökologische Verteilungsmuster und internationale Umweltpolitik T2 - Zeitschrift für angewandte Umweltforschung Y1 - 1995 SN - 0943-1780 VL - 8 IS - 2 SP - 240 EP - 242 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zundel, Stefan A1 - Lenz, Hansrudi T1 - Zum Begriff der Unternehmensethik – Entgegnung zu einem Beitrag von H. Steinmann und A. Löhr T2 - Zeitschrift für betriebswirtschaftliche Forschung : zfbf Y1 - 1989 SN - 0341-2687 IS - 4 SP - 318 EP - 324 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Priwitzer, Barbara T1 - New examples of integrable Hamiltonian systems on semidirect sums of Lie algebras T2 - Russian Academy of Sciences : Sbornik Mathematics Y1 - 1995 SN - 1468-4802 VL - 80 IS - 1 SP - 247 EP - 254 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Priwitzer, Barbara T1 - Large automorphism groups of 8-dimensional projective planes are Lie groups T2 - Geometriae Dedicata Y1 - 1994 SN - 1572-9168 SN - 0046-5755 VL - 52 IS - 1 SP - 33 EP - 40 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Priwitzer, Barbara T1 - Compact groups on compact projective planes T2 - Geometriae Dedicata Y1 - 1995 SN - 1572-9168 SN - 0046-5755 VL - 58 IS - 3 SP - 245 EP - 258 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Priwitzer, Barbara T1 - Large semisimple groups on 16-dimensional compact projective planes are simple T2 - Archiv der Mathematik Y1 - 1997 SN - 0003-889X SN - 1420-8938 VL - 68 IS - 5 SP - 430 EP - 440 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Priwitzer, Barbara A1 - Salzmann, Helmut T1 - Large automorphism groups of 16-dimensional projective planes are Lie groups T2 - Journal of Lie Theory Y1 - 1998 SN - 0949-5932 VL - 8 IS - 1 SP - 83 EP - 93 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Priwitzer, Barbara T1 - Mean curvature flow with Dirichlet boundary conditions in Riemannian manifolds with symmetries T2 - Annals of Global Analysis and Geometry Y1 - 2003 SN - 1572-9060 VL - 23 IS - 2 SP - 157 EP - 171 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lesker, Marina T1 - Biografische Kommunikation : notwendige Kompetenzen sowie Wirkungsweisen am Beispiel Altenpflege T2 - Zeitschrift für Gerontopsychologie und -psychiatrie Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1024/1011-6877.21.2.129 SN - 1664-2899 SN - 1011-6877 VL - 21 IS - 2 SP - 129 EP - 135 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rese, Alexandra A1 - Sänn, Alexander A1 - Homfeldt, Felix T1 - Customer Integration and Voice-of-Customer Methods in the German Automotive Industry T2 - Journal of Automotive Technology and Management (IJATM) N2 - Open innovation and the integration of external sources have become increasingly important for the automotive industry. Users and customers possessing needs and problems are major sources for innovative ideas. The idea generation can be supported by the use of specific methods and instruments. This study investigates internal and external sources of innovative ideas and the use of voice-of-customer (VoC) methods in the German automotive industry. A special focus is on the lead user method which involves users who are ahead of the market making them attractive sources for innovative ideas. The findings show that easy to use VoC methods are mostly used to gather customer wants and needs. Nevertheless, more complex methods such as the lead user method proved advantageous with regard to the quality and quantity of innovative ideas. Because negative aspects became less important with increasing usage frequency, their usage should be encouraged. Y1 - 2015 SN - 1470-9511 SN - 1741-5012 VL - 15 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 19 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mandal, Dipankar A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Improved performance of a polymer nanogenerator based on silver nanoparticles doped electrospun P(VDF–HFP) nanofibers T2 - Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics N2 - We report on the electrospinning of poly(vinylidene fluoride–hexafluoropropylene) [P(VDF–HFP)] nanofibers doped with silver nanoparticles for the preparation of a polymer based nanogenerator (PNG). It has been found that the yield of the piezoelectric phase is increased by the addition of silver nanoparticles. Furthermore, defects in the P(VDF–HFP) electrospun fibers are removed resulting in a significant enhancement in the output power of the PNG. A maximum generated PNG output voltage of 3 V with a current density of 0.9 μA cm−2 is achieved. KW - piezoelectric thin polymer film KW - FTIR KW - nanogenerator KW - PVDF KW - P(VDF-HFP) KW - nanofibers Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/C3CP55238A SN - 1463-9084 SN - 1463-9076 VL - 2014 IS - 16 SP - 10403 EP - 10407 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Meinz, Jörg T1 - Versuche zu geklebten Verstärkungen im Stahlhochbau T2 - Bauingenieur Y1 - 2006 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 81 IS - 5 SP - 212 EP - 217 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rudorf-Witrin, Wolfgang A1 - Stimpfle, Bernd A1 - Blümel, S. A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut T1 - Von der CargoLifter-Werfthalle zu Tropical Islands - Konstruktion, Herstellung und Montage der neuen ETFE-Folienkissen-Eindeckung T2 - Bauingenieur Y1 - 2006 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 81 IS - 1 SP - 33 EP - 42 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Böhme, Wilfried A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Csesznák, Andras T1 - Sanierung einer Schwimmhalle in Potsdam T2 - Bauingenieur Y1 - 2009 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 84 IS - 3 SP - 95 EP - 100 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Kubieniec, Gabriel T1 - Plate girders with corrugated webs T2 - Journal of Civil Engineering and Management Y1 - 2010 SN - 0733-9364 VL - 16 IS - 2 SP - 166 EP - 171 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Bachmann, Volkmar A1 - Kubieniec, Gabriel T1 - Leichte Fachwerkträger - Fertigungstechnologie und Tragverhalten T2 - Bauingenieur Y1 - 2010 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 85 IS - 10 SP - 412 EP - 420 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jesse, Frank A1 - Kutzner, Tobias T1 - Digitale Photogrammetrie in der Bautechnik : Einfluss wichtiger Systemparameter und Genauigkeitspotential in der Praxis T2 - Bautechnik Y1 - 2013 SN - 1437-0999 VL - 90 IS - 11 SP - 703 EP - 714 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Müller, Lars T1 - Thermovision - Entwicklung eines neuen Verfahrens zur Dehnungsanalyse beanspruchter Stahlbauteile T2 - Stahlbau Y1 - 2002 SN - 0038-9145 VL - 71 IS - 7 SP - 523 EP - 536 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Schwarzlos, Anja T1 - Zur Interaktion zwischen Biegemoment und Normalkraft bei nachgiebigen Verbindungen T2 - Bauingenieur Y1 - 2002 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 77 IS - 5 SP - 199 EP - 207 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Müller, Lars T1 - Untersuchung des thermoplastischen Verhaltens verschiedener Baustoffe mit Hilfe der Thermovision T2 - Bauingenieur Y1 - 2003 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 78 IS - 5 SP - 221 EP - 230 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwarzlos, Anja T1 - Schäden an Dachstuhlhölzern infolge Fehlanwendung von Holz- und Flammschutzmitteln - Auswirkungen auf die Bauteilsicherheit T2 - Bauingenieur Y1 - 2004 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 79 IS - 10 SP - 473 EP - 475 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Komann, Steffen T1 - Diskret gelagerte, axialbelastete und über den Auflagern längsversteifte Kreiszylinderschalen T2 - Bauingenieur Y1 - 2004 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 79 IS - 10 SP - 443 EP - 446 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Bretschneider, Tino T1 - Inspektion und Unterhaltung von Hochbautragwerken mit hoher Schadensfolge - Praxisbericht Tropical Islands T2 - Bauingenieur Y1 - 2007 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 82 IS - 12 SP - 536 EP - 541 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Meinz, Jörg T1 - Kleben im Stahlbau - zwei Beispiele aus dem Fassadenbau T2 - Bauingenieur Y1 - 2007 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 82 IS - 3 SP - 115 EP - 124 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Hannebauer, Dina T1 - Zur Einleitung großer Querkräfte in Wellstegträger T2 - Bauingenieur Y1 - 2004 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 79 IS - 5 SP - 246 EP - 252 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Blümel, Stefan A1 - Stimpfle, Bernd A1 - Rudorf-Witrin, Wolfgang T1 - Von der CargoLifter-Werfthalle zu Tropical Islands - Entwurf T2 - Bauingenieur Y1 - 2005 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 80 SP - 461 EP - 469 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Altenburg, Marc T1 - Räumliche Analysen mit GIS : Anwendungsmöglichkeiten in Stadtplanung und -forschung T2 - Planerin : Fachzeitschrift für Stadt-, Regional- und Landesplanung KW - GIS KW - Stadtforschung Y1 - 2012 SN - 0936-9465 IS - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weidner, Silke A1 - Strauß, Christian T1 - Früherkennung in der Stadtentwicklung T2 - Bundesbaublatt Y1 - 2007 SN - 0007-5884 VL - 56 IS - 2 SP - 46 EP - 48 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwitzke, Marko A1 - Bachmann, Volkmar A1 - Noack, Matthias A1 - Freyer, Thomas A1 - Launert, Benjamin T1 - Methodische Ansätze zum Rissmonitoring an Bauteilen durch automatisierte digitale Analyse T2 - Bauingenieur Y1 - 2010 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 85 IS - 11 SP - 455 EP - 459 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Robra, Jörgen T1 - Eurocode 3 - Bemessung und Konstruktion von Stahlbauten T2 - Bauingenieur Y1 - 2011 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 86 IS - 7/8 SP - 336 EP - 347 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Bachmann, Volkmar A1 - Kubieniec, Gabriel T1 - Einsatz der Schweißsimulation zur Verbesserung der Tragfähigkeitsberechnungen komplexer Stahlleichtbaustrukuren T2 - Bauingenieur Y1 - 2011 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 86 IS - 11 SP - 493 EP - 500 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Ciupack, Yvonne T1 - Kalibrierung von Bemessungskonzepten gemäß Eurocode am Beispiel von Klebverbindungen T2 - Bauingenieur Y1 - 2012 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 87 IS - 3 SP - 116 EP - 123 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ciupack, Yvonne A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut T1 - Thermisch getrennte Stirnplattenstöße T2 - Bauingenieur Y1 - 2013 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 88 IS - 12 SP - 532 EP - 525 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Ciupack, Yvonne T1 - Development of Eurocode-based design rules for adhesive bonded joints T2 - International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2014.01.011 SN - 1879-0127 VL - 53 SP - 97 EP - 106 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weidner, Silke T1 - Zukunftsorientierte Weiterbildung-Interdisziplinär-International-Praxisorientiert T2 - Forum der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Soziologie Y1 - 2003 SN - 0340-918X IS - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Becker, Carlo W. T1 - Multicodierung als Strategie der Stadtentwicklung T2 - Garten + Landschaft KW - Freiraumplanung KW - Stadtentwicklung Y1 - 2012 SN - 0016-4720 VL - 122 IS - 3 SP - 12 EP - 15 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Becker, Carlo W. T1 - Freiraum machen – aber wie? T2 - Informationen zur Raumentwicklung KW - Freiraumplanung KW - Stadtentwicklung Y1 - 2012 SN - 0303-2493 IS - 3 /4 SP - 91 EP - 101 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Becker, Carlo W. T1 - Freiraumentwicklung in Hessen - Ergebnisse einer Forschungsstudie T2 - Stadt und Grün KW - Freiraumplanung KW - Stadtentwicklung Y1 - 2011 SN - 0948-9770 VL - 60 IS - 11 SP - 28 EP - 33 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Becker, Carlo W. A1 - Borries, Friedrich von T1 - Berlin Urban Landscape Strategy 2030 - 2050 T2 - Topos KW - Freiraumplanung KW - Stadtentwicklung Y1 - 2010 SN - 0942-752X IS - 73 SP - 42 EP - 47 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Becker, Carlo W. T1 - Mehrdimensionale Stadt – mehrdimensionale Freiräume T2 - Raumplanung : Fachzeitschrift für räumliche Planung und Forschung KW - Freiraumplanung KW - Stadtentwicklung Y1 - 2014 SN - 0176-7534 VL - 172 IS - 1 SP - 26 EP - 33 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Becker, Carlo W. A1 - Hübner, Sven A1 - Kreutz, Stefan A1 - Peters, Cornelia T1 - Freiraumproduktion 2014 T2 - Stadt und Grün KW - Freiraumplanung KW - Stadtentwicklung Y1 - 2014 SN - 0948-9770 VL - 63 IS - 3 SP - 33 EP - 38 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Becker, Carlo W. A1 - Hübner, Sven A1 - Kreutz, Stefan A1 - Peters, Cornelia T1 - Mehr Wohnqualität für Hamburg : Handlungsempfehlungen für qualitätsvolle Stadtquartiere durch kooperative Freiraumentwicklung T2 - Garten + Landschaft KW - Freiraumplanung KW - Stadtentwicklung Y1 - 2014 SN - 0016-4720 VL - 124 IS - 2 SP - 38 EP - 39 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Becker, Carlo W. A1 - Baumgarten, Ute T1 - Die Seele eines Hafens - wie ein Zweckbau zum Wohlfühlort wird! T2 - Akzente KW - Freiraumplanung KW - Stadtentwicklung Y1 - 2013 IS - 3 SP - 14 EP - 19 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wetzk, Volker T1 - Historischer Lager aus Stahlguss - Werkstoffuntersuchungen T2 - Stahlbau Y1 - 2013 SN - 0038-9145 VL - 82 IS - 12 SP - 883 EP - 889 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wetzk, Volker A1 - Dogru, D. M. T1 - Historischer Stahl(form)guss-Herstellung T2 - Stahlbau Y1 - 2013 SN - 0038-9145 VL - 82 IS - 12 SP - 898 EP - 902 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hünger, Klaus-Jürgen A1 - Hill, Steffen T1 - Direct assessment of the alkali sensitivity of precambrian greywackes T2 - Cement International Y1 - 2005 SN - 1610-6199 VL - 3 IS - 1 SP - 104 EP - 119 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hünger, Klaus-Jürgen A1 - Hill, Steffen T1 - Chemischer Schnelltest zur praxiskonformen Prüfung der Alkaliempfindlichkeit von Gesteinskörnungen für Beton T2 - BFT Betonwerk + Fertigteil-Technik Y1 - 2005 SN - 0373-4331 VL - 71 IS - 7 SP - 36 EP - 47 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hill, Steffen A1 - Hünger, Klaus-Jürgen T1 - Alkaliempfindlichkeit Lausitzer Grauwacken - neue Perspektiven hinsichtlich eines direkten Prüfverfahrens T2 - Forum der Forschung Y1 - 2004 SN - 0947-6989 VL - 8 IS - 17 SP - 122 EP - 127 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hünger, Klaus-Jürgen T1 - The Contribution of Quartz and the Role of Aluminum for Understanding the AAR with Greywackes T2 - Cement and concrete research Y1 - 2007 SN - 0008-8846 VL - 37 IS - 8 SP - 1193 EP - 1205 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Novy, Johannes A1 - Colomb, Claire T1 - Struggling for the right to the (creative) city in Berlin and Hamburg. New urban social movements, new "spaces of hope"? T2 - International Journal of Urban and Regional Research Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2427.2012.01115.x SN - 1468-2427 VL - 37 IS - 5 SP - 1816 EP - 1838 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Peters, Deike A1 - Novy, Johannes T1 - Stuttgart 21: weder ’einzigartig’ noch ’beispielhaft’ T2 - Planung neu denken online Y1 - 2011 SN - 1868-5196 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Novy, Johannes T1 - Homemade Urban Industrial Decline T2 - Cities. The Magazine Y1 - 2009 IS - Issue 00 – Industrial Renewal ER - TY - GEN A1 - Novy, Johannes T1 - Entdeckung der "Mannigfaltigkeit" - Wie Jane Jacobs ‘Tod und Leben großer amerikanischer Städte’ die Stadtforschung veränderte T2 - Zeithistorische Forschungen Y1 - 2007 SN - 1612-6041 VL - 4 IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - May, Roland T1 - Neckar’dan Fırat’a – Bonatz’ın Türkiye’deki Köprü Projeleri T1 - Vom Neckar zum Euphrat - Brückenprojekte von Bonatz in der Türkei T2 - Arredamento Mimarlik Y1 - 2011 SN - 1300-3801 VL - 22 IS - 247 SP - 75 EP - 81 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Leo T1 - Back to the Future - Fonward to the past: Replacing Modernist buildings with reconstrctions T2 - Historic Environment : Australia ICOMOS Y1 - 2013 SN - 0726-6715 VL - 25 IS - 1 SP - 32 EP - 45 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kuhrmann, Anke T1 - The Palace of the Republic in Berlin: The demolition of a politically and aesthetically burdened building T2 - Historic Environment : Australia ICOMOS Y1 - 2013 SN - 0726-6715 VL - 25 IS - 1 SP - 46 EP - 51 ER - TY - GEN A1 - May, Roland T1 - Schalenkrieg : ein Bauingenieur-Drama in neun Akten T2 - Beton- und Stahlbetonbau Y1 - 2012 SN - 0005-9900 VL - 107 IS - 10 SP - 700 EP - 710 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pohle, Ina A1 - Koch, Hagen A1 - Gädeke, Anne A1 - Grünewald, Uwe A1 - Kaltofen, Michael A1 - Schramm, Martina A1 - Redetzky, Michael A1 - Müller, Fabian T1 - Auswirkungen von Unsicherheiten in Klimaszenarien auf die regionale Wassermengenbewirtschaftung T2 - KW Korrespondenz Wasserwirtschaft N2 - In den Lausitzer Flusseinzugsgebieten von Schwarzer Elster, Dahme, Spree und Lausitzer Neiße zeigen sich durch Braunkohlebergbau und vielfältige Bewirtschaftungseinflüsse deutliche Unterschiede zwischen natürlichem Abflussgeschehen und bewirtschafteten Abflüssen. Die möglichen Auswirkungen klimatischer Änderungen werden durch eine Klimawandelimpaktstudie mit dem statistischen Regionalen Klimamodell STAR (3 Klimaszenarien), den hydrologischen Modellen SWIM und EGMO sowie dem Lang-fristbewirtschaftungsmodell WBalMo untersucht. Durch niedrigere natürliche Abflüsse und den angenommenen Rückgang der Sümpfungswassermengen aus dem Braunkohlebergbau werden mit WBalMo abnehmende bewirtschaftete Abflüsse simuliert. Unsicherheiten bestehen dabei aufgrund der genutzten Klimaszenarien und hydrologischen Modelle, sowie hinsichtlich der Annahmen zur zukünftigen wirtschaftlichen Entwicklung (u. a. Braunkohleförderung und -verstromung). KW - Klimaänderung KW - Wassermengenbewirtschaftung KW - Flusseinzugsgebiete KW - Hydrologische Modelle KW - Sümpfungswasser Y1 - 2014 SN - 1865-9926 VL - 7 IS - 6 SP - 350 EP - 354 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klepel, Olaf A1 - Scholz, Kerstin A1 - Scholz, Jan A1 - McQuillan, A. James A1 - Wagner, Gerald T1 - Partially embedded highly dispersed Pt nanoparticles in mesoporous carbon with enhanced leaching stability T2 - Carbon Y1 - 2010 SN - 0008-6223 VL - 48 IS - 6 SP - 1788 EP - 1798 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Günther, David A1 - Klepel, Olaf T1 - Synthese von porösen Kohlenstoffmonolithen unter Verwendung von Porenbeton als Templat T2 - Chemie Ingenieur Technik Y1 - 2013 SN - 1522-2640 VL - 85 IS - 6 SP - 955 EP - 959 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Walter, Reni A1 - Klepel, Olaf A1 - Erler, Thomas A1 - Bron, Michael A1 - Niebrzydowska, Paula A1 - Wach, Anna A1 - Kuśtrowski, Piotr T1 - First steps on the way to a modular concept for the preparation of carbon based catalysts T2 - Catalysis Letters Y1 - 2013 SN - 1572-879X VL - 143 IS - 7 SP - 642 EP - 650 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Taubert, Michael A1 - Beckmann, Jens A1 - Lange, Andreas A1 - Enke, Dirk A1 - Klepel, Olaf T1 - Attempts to design porous carbon monoliths using porous concrete as a template T2 - Microporous and Mesoporous Materials Y1 - 2014 SN - 1387-1811 VL - Vol. 197 SP - 58 EP - 62 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Teeffelen, Astrid J.A. van A1 - Opdam, Paul A1 - Drechsler, Martin A1 - Hartig, Florian A1 - Johst, Karin A1 - Vos, Claire C. A1 - Wissel, Silvia A1 - Quétier, Fabien T1 - Ecological and economic conditions and associated institutional challenges for conservation banking in dynamic landscapes T2 - Landscape and Urban Planning Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2014.06.004 SN - 0169-2046 VL - Vol. 130 SP - 64 EP - 72 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Veihelmann, Karen T1 - Der eiserne Dachstuhl der Walhalla - ein herausragendes Zeugnis des frühen Stahlbaus T2 - Stahlbau Y1 - 2013 SN - 0932-6375 SN - 0038-9145 VL - 82 IS - 7 SP - 494 EP - 501 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Ekroos, Johan A1 - Olsson, Ola A1 - Rundlöf, Maj A1 - Schmith, Henrik G. T1 - Optimizing agri-environment schemes for biodiversity, ecosystem services or both? T2 - Biological Conservation Y1 - 2014 IS - 172 SP - 65 EP - 71 ER - TY - GEN A1 - May, Roland T1 - Remigration: Postponed. The Architect Paul Bonatz between Turkey and Germany T2 - New German Critique Y1 - 2009 SN - 0094-033X VL - 36 IS - 3 SP - 1 EP - 38 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Heiner, Monika A1 - Yang, Ming A1 - Liu, Fei T1 - Modeling and analyzing biological systems using colored hierarchical Petri nets illustrated by C. elegans vulval development T2 - Journal of Biological Systems Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1142/S0218339014500181 SN - 1793-6470 VL - 22 IS - 3 SP - 463 EP - 493 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herajy, Mostafa A1 - Heiner, Monika T1 - Petri Net-Based Collaborative Simulation and Steering of Biochemical Reaction Networks T2 - Fundamenta Informaticae Y1 - 2014 UR - http://iospress.metapress.com/content/y8760m2p02256uw3 SN - 0169-2968 VL - 129 IS - 1-2 SP - 49 EP - 67 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Blätke, Mary-Ann A1 - Dittrich, Anna A1 - Rohr, Christian A1 - Heiner, Monika A1 - Schaper, Fred A1 - Marwan, Wolfgang T1 - JAK/STAT signalling - an executable model assembled from molecule-centred modules demonstrating a module-oriented database concept for systems and synthetic biology T2 - Molecular BioSystems Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/C3MB25593J SN - 1742-2051 VL - 9 IS - 6 SP - 1290 EP - 1307 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Froehlich, K. A1 - Jančovič, P. A1 - Hudek, B. A1 - Dérer, J. A1 - Paskaleva, A. A1 - Bertaud, Thomas A1 - Schroeder, Thomas T1 - Atomic layer deposition of thin oxide films for resistive switching T2 - Electrochemical Society (ECS) Transactions Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1149/05810.0163ecst SN - 1938-6737 VL - 58 IS - 10 SP - 163 EP - 170 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zöllner, Marvin Hartwig A1 - Niu, Gang A1 - Jhang, Jin-Hao A1 - Schäfer, Andreas A1 - Zaumseil, Peter A1 - Bäumer, Marcus A1 - Schröder, Thomas T1 - Temperature dependent reduction of epitaxial Ce1-xPrxO2-δ (x = 0-1) thin films on Si(111): A combined TPD, XRD, XPS and Raman study T2 - Journal of Physical Chemistry : C Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/jp4082867 SN - 1932-7455 VL - 117 IS - 47 SP - 24851 EP - 24857 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Virgilio, Michele A1 - Manganelli, Constanza Lucia A1 - Grosso, G. A1 - Schroeder, Thomas A1 - Capellini, Giovanni T1 - Photoluminescence, recombination rate, and gain spectra in optically excited n-type and tensile strained germanium layers T2 - Journal of Applied Physics Y1 - 2013 SN - 0021-8979 VL - 114 IS - 24 SP - 243102 EP - 243102-11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wälder, Konrad A1 - Frischbier, Nico A1 - Bredemeier, Michael A1 - Näther, Wolfgang A1 - Wagner, Sven T1 - Analysis of OF – layer humus mass variation in a mixed stand of European beech and Norway spruce: An application of structural equation modelling T2 - Ecological Modelling Y1 - 2008 SN - 0304-3800 VL - 213 IS - 3-4 SP - 319 EP - 330 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Drechsler, Martin T1 - Agglomeration payment, agglomeration bonus or homogeneous payment? T2 - Resource and Energy Economics Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reseneeco.2013.11.011 SN - 0928-7655 VL - 37 SP - 85 EP - 101 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klein, Marten A1 - Seelig, Torsten A1 - Kurgansky, Michael V. A1 - Ghasemi, Abouzar A1 - Borcia, Ion-Dan A1 - Will, Andreas A1 - Schaller, Eberhard A1 - Egbers, Christoph A1 - Harlander, Uwe T1 - Inertial wave excitation and focusing in a liquid bounded by a frustum and a cylinder T2 - Journal of Fluid Mechanics N2 - The mechanism of localized inertial wave excitation and its efficiency is investigated for an annular cavity rotating with Ω0 . Meridional symmetry is broken by replacing the inner cylinder with a truncated cone (frustum). Waves are excited by individual longitudinal libration of the walls. The geometry is non-separable and exhibits wave focusing and wave attractors. We investigated laboratory and numerical results for the Ekman number E ≈ 10−6. inclination α = 5.71◦ and libration amplitudes ε 0.2 within the inertial wave band 0 < ω < 2Ω0 . Under the assumption that the inertial waves do not essentially affect the boundary-layer structure, we use classical boundary-layer analysis to study oscillating Ekman layers over a librating wall that is at an angle α = 0 to the axis of rotation. The Ekman layer erupts at frequency ω = f∗, where f∗ ≡ 2Ω0 sin α is the effective Coriolis parameter in a plane tangential to the wall. For the selected inclination this eruption occurs for the forcing frequency ω/Ω0 = 0.2. For the librating lids eruption occurs at ω/Ω0 = 2. The study reveals that the frequency dependence of the total kinetic energy Kω of the excited wave field is strongly connected to the square of the Ekman pumping velocity wE (ω) that, in the linear limit, becomes singular when the boundary layer erupts. This explains the frequency dependence of non-resonantly excited waves. By the localization of the forcing, the two configurations investigated, (i) frustum libration and (ii) lids together with outer cylinder in libration, can be clearly distinguished by their response spectra. Good agreement was found for the spatial structure of low-order wave attractors and periodic orbits (both characterized by a small number of reflections) in the frequency windows predicted by geometric ray tracing. For ‘resonant’ frequencies a significantly increased total bulk energy was found, while the energy in the boundary layer remained nearly constant. Inertial wave energy enters the bulk flow via corner beams, which are parallel to the characteristics of the underlying Poincaré problem. Numerical simulations revealed a mismatch between the wall-parallel mass fluxes near the corners. This leads to boundary-layer eruption and the generation of inertial waves in the corners. KW - boundary-layer structure KW - geophysical and geological flows KW - waves in rotating fluids Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2014.304 SN - 1750-6859 IS - vol. 751 SP - 255 EP - 297 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weidner, Silke A1 - Korzer, Tanja T1 - Innerstädtische Shoppingcenter - Gezielte kommunale Steuerung bei der Ansiedlung T2 - Planerin : Fachzeitschrift für Stadt-, Regional- und Landesplanung (SRL) Y1 - 2007 SN - 0936-9465 IS - 3 SP - 15 EP - 17 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wilkens, Henrik A1 - Rodewald, Jari A1 - Gevers, Sebastian A1 - Zöllner, Marvin Hartwig A1 - Schroeder, Thomas A1 - Wollschläger, Joachim T1 - Surface morphology of ultra-thin hex-Pr2O3 films on Si(111) T2 - Journal of Physics : D, Applied Physics Y1 - 2013 SN - 0022-3727 VL - 46 IS - 28 SP - 285306 EP - 285313 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, P. A1 - Liang, O. A1 - Zhang, Wei A1 - Schroeder, Thomas A1 - Xie, Y. H. T1 - Ultra-Sensitive Graphene-Plasmonic Hybrid Platform for Label-Free Detection T2 - Advanced Materials Y1 - 2013 SN - 1521-4095 VL - 25 IS - 35 SP - 4918 EP - 4924 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zaumseil, Peter A1 - Kozłowski, Grzegorz A1 - Yamamoto, Yuji A1 - Schubert, Markus Andreas A1 - Schroeder, Thomas T1 - X-ray Characterization of Ge Dots Epitaxially Grown on Nano-structured Si Islands on SOI Substrates T2 - Journal of Applied Crystallography Y1 - 2013 SN - 0021-8898 VL - 46 IS - 4 SP - 868 EP - 873 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Niu, Gang A1 - Zaumseil, Peter A1 - Schubert, Markus Andreas A1 - Zöllner, Marvin Hartwig A1 - Dabrowski, Jarek Marek A1 - Schroeder, Thomas T1 - Lattice-matched single crystalline ternary PrxY2-xO3 films on SrO-passivated Si (001): interface engineering and crystallography tailoring T2 - Applied Physics Letters Y1 - 2013 VL - 102 SP - 011906-1 EP - 011906-5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Niu, Gang A1 - Zöllner, Marvin Hartwig A1 - Zaumseil, Peter A1 - Pouliopoulos, A. A1 - d'Acapito, F. A1 - Schröder, Thomas A1 - Boscherini, F. T1 - X-ray diffraction and extended X-ray absorption fine structure study of epitaxial mixed ternary bixbyite PrxY2-xO3 (x=0-2) films on Si (111) T2 - Journal of Applied Physics Y1 - 2013 SN - 0021-8979 VL - 113 IS - 4 SP - 043504 EP - 043506 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tarnawska, Lidia Lupina A1 - Dabrowski, Jarek Marek A1 - Grzela, Tomasz A1 - Niermann, T. A1 - Lehmann, M. A1 - Storck, Peter A1 - Schröder, Thomas T1 - Interface science of virtual GaN substrates on Si(111) via Sc2O3/Y2O3 buffers: Experiment and Theory T2 - Journal of Applied Physics Y1 - 2013 SN - 0021-8979 VL - 113 IS - 21 SP - 213507 EP - 213507 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Niermann, T. A1 - Zengler, D. A1 - Tarnawska, Lidia Lupina A1 - Storck, Peter A1 - Schroeder, Thomas T1 - Virtual GaN substrates via Sc2O3/Y2O3 buffers on Si(111): TEM Characterization of growth defects T2 - Journal of Applied Physics Y1 - 2013 SN - 0021-8979 VL - 113 IS - 22 SP - 223501 EP - 223501-8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wilkens, Henrik A1 - Schuckmann, O. A1 - Oelke, R. A1 - Gevers, Sebastian A1 - Schaefer, A. A1 - Bäumer, Marcus A1 - Zöllner, Marvin Hartwig A1 - Schroeder, Thomas A1 - Wollschläger, Joachim T1 - Stabilization of the ceria Jota-phase Ce7O12 surface on Si(111) T2 - Applied Physics Letters Y1 - 2013 SN - 0003-6951 VL - 102 IS - 11 SP - 111602-1 EP - 111602-3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wilkens, Henrik A1 - Schuckmann, O. A1 - Oelke, R. A1 - Gevers, Sebastian A1 - Reichling, M. A1 - Schaefer, A. A1 - Bäumer, Marcus A1 - Zöllner, Marvin Hartwig A1 - Niu, Gang A1 - Schroeder, Thomas A1 - Wollschläger, Joachim T1 - Structural transitions of epitaxial ceria films on Si(111) T2 - Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics Y1 - 2013 SN - 1463-9084 VL - 15 IS - 42 SP - 18589 EP - 18599 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwarick, Martin A1 - Tovchigrechko, Alexey A. T1 - IDD-based model validation of biochemical networks T2 - Theoretical Computer Science Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcs.2010.06.030 SN - 0304-3975 VL - 412 IS - 26 SP - 2884 EP - 2908 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grafahrend-Belau, Eva A1 - Schreiber, Falk A1 - Heiner, Monika A1 - Sackmann, Andrea A1 - Junker, Björn H. A1 - Grunwald, Stefanie A1 - Speer, Astrid A1 - Winder, Katja A1 - Koch, Ina T1 - Modularization of biochemical networks based on classification of Petri net T-invariants T2 - BMC Bioinformatics Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-9-90 SN - 1471-2105 VL - Vol. 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Breitling, Rainer A1 - Gilbert, David A1 - Heiner, Monika A1 - Orton, Richard T1 - A structured approach for the engineering of biochemical network models, illustrated for signalling pathways T2 - Briefings in Bioinformatics Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/bib/bbn026 SN - 1477-4054 VL - 9 IS - 5 SP - 404 EP - 421 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sackmann, Andrea A1 - Heiner, Monika A1 - Koch, Ina T1 - Application of Petri net based analysis techniques to signal transduction pathways T2 - BMC Bioinformatics Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-7-482 SN - 1471-2105 VL - Vol. 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Popova-Zeugmann, Louchka A1 - Heiner, Monika A1 - Koch, Ina T1 - Time Petri Nets for Modelling and Analysis of Biochemical Networks T2 - Fundamenta Informaticae Y1 - 2005 UR - http://iospress.metapress.com/content/84vabcc0venbcgwv/ SN - 1875-8681 VL - 67 IS - 1-3 SP - 149 EP - 162 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Koch, Ina A1 - Junker, Björn H. A1 - Heiner, Monika T1 - Application of Petri Net Theory for Modelling and Validation of the Sucrose Breakdown Pathway in the Potato Tuber T2 - Bioinformatics Y1 - 2005 UR - http://bioinformatics.oupjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/bti145?ijkey=58saZCDV5w9LY&keytype=ref SN - 1460-2059 VL - 21 IS - 7 SP - 1219 EP - 1226 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Koch, Ina A1 - Schüler, Markus A1 - Heiner, Monika T1 - STEPP - Search Tool for Exploration of Petri net Paths: A new tool for Petri net-based path analysis in biochemical networks T2 - In silico biology Y1 - 2004 UR - http://www.bioinfo.de/isb/2004/05/0014/ SN - 1434-3207 VL - Vol. 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Heiner, Monika A1 - Koch, Ina A1 - Will, Jürgen T1 - Model Validation of Biological Pathways Using Petri Nets - Demonstrated for Apoptosis T2 - BioSystems Y1 - 2004 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystems.2004.03.003 VL - 75 IS - 1-3 SP - 15 EP - 28 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Voss, Klaus A1 - Heiner, Monika A1 - Koch, Ina T1 - Steady State Analysis of Metabolic Pathways Using Petri Nets T2 - In silico biology Y1 - 2003 UR - http://www.bioinfo.de/isb/2003/03/0031/ SN - 1434-3207 VL - Vol. 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Heiner, Monika A1 - Gilbert, David T1 - BioModel Engineering for Multiscale Systems Biology T2 - Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology Y1 - 2013 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0079610712001071?v=s5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2012.10.001 SN - 1873-1732 VL - 111 IS - 2-3 SP - 119 EP - 128 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liu, Fei A1 - Heiner, Monika T1 - Modeling membrane systems using colored stochastic Petri nets T2 - Natural Computing Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11047-013-9367-8 SN - 1572-9796 VL - 12 IS - 4 SP - 617 EP - 629 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liu, Fei A1 - Heiner, Monika T1 - Multiscale modelling of coupled Ca2+ channels using coloured stochastic Petri nets T2 - IET Systems Biology Y1 - 2013 SN - 1751-8849 VL - 7 IS - 4 SP - 106 EP - 113 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herajy, Mostafa A1 - Heiner, Monika T1 - Hybrid Representation and Simulation of Stiff Biochemical Networks T2 - Nonlinear Analysis: Hybrid Systems Y1 - 2012 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1751570X12000192 SN - 1751-570X VL - 6 IS - 4 SP - 942 EP - 959 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Heiner, Monika A1 - Sriram, K. T1 - Structural Analysis to Determine the Core of Hypoxia Response Network T2 - PLoS ONE Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0008600 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 5 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rohr, Christian A1 - Marwan, Wolfgang A1 - Heiner, Monika T1 - Snoopy - a unifying Petri net framework to investigate biomolecular networks T2 - Bioinformatics Y1 - 2010 UR - http://bioinformatics.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/26/7/974?ct=ct SN - 1460-2059 VL - 26 IS - 7 SP - 974 EP - 975 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Heiner, Monika A1 - Soliman, Sylvain T1 - A Unique Transformation from Ordinary Differential Equations to Reaction Networks T2 - PLoS one Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0014284 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 5 IS - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Heiner, Monika A1 - Ventre, Giorgio A1 - Wikarski, Dietmar T1 - A Petri Net Based Methodology to Integrate Qaulitative and Quantitative Analysis T2 - Information and Software Technology Y1 - 1994 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/0950-5849(94)90066-3 SN - 0950-5849 VL - 36 IS - 7 SP - 435 EP - 441 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kinne, Matthias A1 - Poraj-Kobielska, Marzena A1 - Ullrich, René A1 - Nousiainen, Paula A1 - Sipilä, Jussi A1 - Scheibner, Katrin A1 - Hammel, Kenneth E. A1 - Hofrichter, Martin T1 - Oxidative cleavage of non-phenolic b-O-4 lignin model dimers by an extracellular aromatic peroxygenase T2 - Holzforschung N2 - The extracellular aromatic peroxygenase of the agaric fungus Agrocybe aegerita catalyzed the H2O2-dependent cleavage of non-phenolic arylglycerol-b-aryl ethers (b-O-4 ethers). For instance 1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(2-methoxy-phenoxy)pro- pane-1,3-diol, a recalcitrant dimeric lignin model compound that represents the major non-phenolic substructure in lignin, was selectively O-demethylated at the para-methoxy group to give formaldehyde and 1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)- 2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propane-1,3-diol. The phenol moiety of the latter compound was then enzymatically oxidized into phenoxy radicals and a quinoid cation, which initiated the autocatalytic cleavage of the dimer and the formation of monomers such as 2-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinone and phenoxyl-substituted propionic acid. The introduction of 18O from H218O2 and H218O at different positions into the products provided information about the routes of ether cleavage. Studies with a 14C-labeled lignin model dimer showed that more than 70% of the intermediates formed were further coupled to form polymers with molecular masses above 10 kDa. The results indicate that fungal aromatic peroxyge- nases may be involved in the bioconversion of methoxylated plant ingredients originating from lignin or other sources. KW - Agrocybe aegerita KW - hydroxylation KW - lignin model compound KW - 0-dealkylation KW - peroxidase KW - peroxygenase Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/HF.2011.057 SN - 1437-434X VL - 65 IS - 5 SP - 673 EP - 679 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yarman, Aysu A1 - Peng, Lei A1 - Wu, Yunhua A1 - Bandodkar, Amay A1 - Gajovic-Eichelmann, Nenad A1 - Wollenberger, Ulla A1 - Hofrichter, Martin A1 - Ullrich, René A1 - Scheibner, Katrin A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. T1 - Can peroxygenase and microperoxidase substitute cytochrome P450 in biosensors T2 - Bioanalytical Reviews N2 - Aromatic peroxygenase (APO) from the basidiomycetous mushroom Agrocybe aegerita (AaeAPO) and microperoxidases (MPs) obtained from cytochrome c exhibit a broad substrate spectrum including hydroxylation of selected aromatic substrates, demethylation and epoxidation by means of hydrogen peroxide. It overlaps with that of cytochrome P450 (P450), making MPs and APOs to alternate recognition elements in biosensors for the detection of typical P450 substrates. Here, we discuss recently developed approaches using microperoxidases and peroxygenases in view of their potential to supplement P450 enzymes as recognition elements in biosensors for aromatic compounds. Starting as early as the 1970s, the direct electron transfer between electrodes and the heme group of heme peptides called microperoxidases has been used as a model of oxidoreductases. These MP-modified electrodes are used as hydrogen peroxide detectors based on the catalytic current generated by electrically contacted microperoxidase molecules. A similar catalytic reaction has been obtained for the electrode-immobilised heme protein AaeAPO. However, up to now, no MP-based sensors for substrates have been described. In this review, we present biosensors which indicate 4-nitrophenol, aniline, naphthalene and p-aminophenol based on the peroxide-dependent substrate conversion by electrode-immobilised MP and AaeAPO. In these enzyme electrodes, the signal is generated by the conversion of all substrates, thus representing in complex media an overall parameter. The performance of these sensors and their further development are discussed in comparison with P450-based electrodes. KW - Cytochrome P450 KW - Aromatic peroxygenase KW - Microperoxidase KW - Biosensors Y1 - 2011 UR - http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs12566-011-0023-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12566-011-0023-4 SN - 1867-2094 VL - 3 IS - 2-4 SP - 67 EP - 94 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Poraj-Kobielska, Marzena A1 - Kinne, Matthias A1 - Ullrich, René A1 - Scheibner, Katrin A1 - Kayser, Gernot A1 - Hammel, Kenneth E. A1 - Hofrichter, Martin T1 - Preparation of human drug metabolites using fungal peroxygenases T2 - Biochemical Pharmacology N2 - The synthesis of hydroxylated and O- or N-dealkylated human drug metabolites (HDMs) via selective monooxygenation remains a challenging task for synthetic organic chemists. Here we report that aromatic peroxygenases (APOs; EC 1.11.2.1) secreted by the agaric fungi Agrocybe aegerita and Coprinellus radians catalyzed the H₂O₂-dependent selective monooxygenation of diverse drugs, including acetanilide, dextrorphan, ibuprofen, naproxen, phenacetin, sildenafil and tolbutamide. Reactions included the hydroxylation of aromatic rings and aliphatic side chains, as well as O- and N-dealkylations and exhibited different regioselectivities depending on the particular APO used. At best, desired HDMs were obtained in yields greater than 80% and with isomeric purities up to 99%. Oxidations of tolbutamide, acetanilide and carbamazepine in the presence of H₂¹⁸O₂ resulted in almost complete incorporation of ¹⁸O into the corresponding products, thus establishing that these reactions are peroxygenations. The deethylation of phenacetin-d₁ showed an observed intramolecular deuterium isotope effect [(k(H)/k(D))(obs)] of 3.1±0.2, which is consistent with the existence of a cytochrome P450-like intermediate in the reaction cycle of APOs. Our results indicate that fungal peroxygenases may be useful biocatalytic tools to prepare pharmacologically relevant drug metabolites. KW - Peroxidase KW - Peroxygenation KW - Hydroxylation KW - O-Dealkylation KW - N-Dealkylation KW - Cytochrome P450 Y1 - 2011 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006295211004035 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcp.2011.06.020 SN - 1873-2968 VL - 82 IS - 7 SP - 789 EP - 796 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Peng, Lei A1 - Wollenberger, Ulla A1 - Kinne, Matthias A1 - Hofrichter, Martin A1 - Ullrich, René A1 - Scheibner, Katrin A1 - Fischer, Anna A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. T1 - Peroxygenase based sensor for aromatic compounds T2 - Biosensors and Bioelectronics N2 - We report on the redox behaviour of the peroxygenase from Agrocybe aegerita (AaeAPO) which has been electrostatically immobilized in a matrix of chitosan-embedded gold nanoparticles on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode. AaeAPO contains a covalently bound heme-thiolate as the redox active group that exchanges directly electrons with the electrode via the gold nanoparticles. The formal potential E ° ′ of AaeAPO in the gold nanoparticles-chitosan film was estimated to be −(286 ± 9) mV at pH 7.0. The heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant (ks) increases from 3.7 in the scan rate range from 0.2 to 3.0 V s−1 and level off at 63.7 s−1. Furthermore, the peroxide-dependent hydroxylation of aromatic compounds was applied to develop a sensor for naphthalene and nitrophenol. The amperometric measurements of naphthalene are based on the indication of H2O2 consumption. For the chitosan-embedded gold nanoparticle system, the linear range extends from 4 to 40 μM naphthalene with a detection limit of 4.0 μM (S/N = 3) and repeatability of 5.7% for 40 μM naphthalene. KW - Peroxygenase KW - Direct electron transfer KW - Nanoparticles KW - Naphthalene biosensor KW - Bioelectrocatalysis Y1 - 2010 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0956566310004501 SN - 1873-4235 VL - 26 IS - 4 SP - 1432 EP - 1436 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Peng, Lei A1 - Wollenberger, Ulla A1 - Hofrichter, Martin A1 - Ullrich, René A1 - Scheibner, Katrin A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. T1 - Bioelectrocatalytic properties of Agrocybe aegerita peroxygenase T2 - Electrochimica Acta N2 - A biosensor for detecting the aromatic substance 4-nitrophenol based on Agrocybe aegerita peroxygenase (AaP) immobilized with chitosan-stabilized gold nanoparticles is presented here. This biosensor measures the enzymatic product of 4-nitrophenol peroxygenation, 4-nitrocatechol, which is electrochemically detected in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. Cyclic voltammetry and amperometry were used to characterize the proposed biosensor. The linear range of the AaP biosensor for the detection of 4-nitrophenol was between 10 and 30 μM with a detection limit of 0.2 μM (based on the S/N = 3). The catalytic property of AaP to oxidize 4-nitrophenol was compared with two other heme proteins, a camphor-hydroxylating cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450cam, CYP101) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP). The results revealed that only AaP is capable of catalyzing the hydroxylation of 4-nitrophenol into 4-nitrocatechol. Consequently, AaP could be a particularly potent biocatalyst that may fill the gap between cytochrome P450s and common heme peroxidases. KW - Peroxygenase KW - Cytochrome P450s KW - Horseradish peroxidase KW - 4-Nitrophenol KW - Agrocybe aegerita Y1 - 2010 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013468610000149 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2009.12.065 SN - 0013-4686 VL - 55 IS - 27 SP - 7809 EP - 7813 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pecyna, Marek J. A1 - Ullrich, René A1 - Bittner, Britta A1 - Clemens, André A1 - Scheibner, Katrin A1 - Schubert, Roland A1 - Hofrichter, Martin T1 - Molecular characterization of aromatic peroxygenase from Agrocybe aegerita T2 - Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology N2 - Recently, a novel group of fungal peroxidases, known as the aromatic peroxygenases (APO), has been discovered. Members of these extracellular biocatalysts produced by agaric basidiomycetes such as Agrocybe aegerita or Coprinellus radians catalyze reactions—for example, the peroxygenation of naphthalene, toluene, dibenzothiophene, or pyridine—which are actually attributed to cytochrome P450 monooxygenases. Here, for the first time, genetic information is presented on this new group of peroxide-consuming enzymes. The gene of A. aegerita peroxygenase (apo1) was identified on the level of messenger RNA and genomic DNA. The gene sequence was affirmed by peptide sequences obtained through an Edman degradation and de novo peptide sequencing of the purified enzyme. Quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that the course of enzyme activity correlated well with that of mRNA signals for apo1 in A. aegerita. The full-length sequences of A. aegerita peroxygenase as well as a partial sequence of C. radians peroxygenase confirmed the enzymes’ affiliation to the heme-thiolate proteins. The sequences revealed no homology to classic peroxidases, cytochrome P450 enzymes, and only little homology (<30%) to fungal chloroperoxidase produced by the ascomycete Caldariomyces fumago (and this only in the N-terminal part of the protein comprising the heme-binding region and part of the distal heme pocket). This fact reinforces the novelty of APO proteins. On the other hand, homology retrievals in genetic databases resulted in the identification of various APO homologous genes and transcripts, particularly among the agaric fungi, indicating APO’s widespread occurrence in the fungal kingdom. KW - Peroxygenase KW - Chloroperoxidase KW - Cytochrome P450 KW - Heme-thiolate KW - Oxygenation KW - Coprinellus Y1 - 2009 UR - http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00253-009-2000-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-009-2000-1 SN - 1432-0614 VL - 84 IS - 5 SP - 885 EP - 897 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kinne, Matthias A1 - Poraj-Kobielska, Marzena A1 - Aranda, Elisabet A1 - Ullrich, René A1 - Hammel, Kenneth E. A1 - Scheibner, Katrin A1 - Hofrichter, Martin T1 - Regioselective preparation of 5-hydroxypropranolol and 4′-hydroxydiclofenac with a fungal peroxygenase T2 - Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters N2 - An extracellular peroxygenase of Agrocybe aegerita catalyzed the H2O2-dependent hydroxylation of the multi-function beta-adrenergic blocker propranolol (1-naphthalen-1-yloxy-3-(propan-2-ylamino)propan-2-ol) and the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac (2-[2-[(2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino]phenyl]acetic acid) to give the human drug metabolites 5-hydroxypropranolol (5-OHP) and 4′-hydroxydiclofenac (4′-OHD). The reactions proceeded regioselectively with high isomeric purity and gave the desired 5-OHP and 4′-OHD in yields up to 20% and 65%, respectively. 18O-labeling experiments showed that the phenolic hydroxyl groups in 5-OHP and 4′-OHD originated from H2O2, which establishes that the reaction is mechanistically a peroxygenation. Our results raise the possibility that fungal peroxygenases may be useful for versatile, cost-effective, and scalable syntheses of drug metabolites. KW - Peroxidase KW - Peroxygenase KW - Oxygenase KW - Cytochrome P450 KW - Hydroxylation KW - 5-Hydroxypropranolol KW - Propranolol KW - 4′-Hydroxydiclofenac KW - Diclofenac KW - Ascorbic acid Y1 - 2009 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960894X09005071 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.04.015 SN - 1464-3405 VL - 19 IS - 11 SP - 3085 EP - 3087 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kluge, Martin A1 - Ullrich, René A1 - Dolge, Christoph A1 - Scheibner, Katrin A1 - Hofrichter, Martin T1 - Hydroxylation of naphthalene by aromatic peroxygenase from Agrocybe aegerita proceeds via oxygen transfer from H2O2 and intermediary epoxidation T2 - Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology N2 - Agrocybe aegerita peroxidase/peroxygenase (AaP) is an extracellular fungal biocatalyst that selectively hydroxylates the aromatic ring of naphthalene. Under alkaline conditions, the reaction proceeds via the formation of an intermediary product with a molecular mass of 144 and a characteristic UV absorption spectrum (A max 210, 267, and 303 nm). The compound was semistable at pH 9 but spontaneously hydrolyzed under acidic conditions (pH <7) into 1-naphthol as major product and traces of 2-naphthol. Based on these findings and literature data, we propose naphthalene 1,2-oxide as the primary product of AaP-catalyzed oxygenation of naphthalene. Using 18O-labeled hydrogen peroxide, the origin of the oxygen atom transferred to naphthalene was proved to be the peroxide that acts both as oxidant (primary electron acceptor) and oxygen source. KW - Peroxidase KW - Oxygenation KW - Hydroxylation KW - P450 KW - Naphthol Y1 - 2009 UR - http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00253-008-1704-y U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-008-1704-y SN - 0175-7598 VL - 81 IS - 6 SP - 1071 EP - 1076 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kinne, Matthias A1 - Ullrich, René A1 - Hammel, Kenneth E. A1 - Scheibner, Katrin A1 - Hofrichter, Martin T1 - Regioselective preparation of (R)-2-(4-Hydroxyphenoxy)propionic acid with a fungal peroxygenase T2 - Tetrahedron Letters N2 - The extracellular heme-thiolate peroxygenase of Agrocybe aegerita catalyzed the H2O2-dependent hydroxylation of 2-phenoxypropionic acid (POPA) to give the herbicide precursor 2-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)propionic acid (HPOPA). The reaction proceeded regioselectively with an isomeric purity near 98%, and yielded the desired R-isomer of HPOPA with an enantiomeric excess of 60%. 18O-labeling experiments showed that the phenolic hydroxyl in HPOPA originated from H2O2, which establishes that the reaction is mechanistically a peroxygenation. Our results raise the possibility that fungal peroxygenases may be useful for a variety of organic oxidations. KW - Peroxidase KW - Peroxygenase KW - Oxygenase KW - Cytochrome P450 KW - Hydroxylation KW - 2-(4-Hydroxyphenoxy)propionic acid KW - Ascorbic acid Y1 - 2008 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040403908014421 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tetlet.2008.07.152 SN - 1873-3581 VL - 49 IS - 41 SP - 5950 EP - 5953 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gröbe, Glenn A1 - Ullrich, René A1 - Pecyna, Marek J. A1 - Kapturska, Danuta A1 - Friedrich, Stephanie A1 - Hofrichter, Martin A1 - Scheibner, Katrin T1 - High-yield production of aromatic peroxygenase by the agaric fungus Marasmius rotula T2 - AMB Express N2 - An extracellular peroxygenase from Marasmius rotula was produced in liquid culture, chromatographically purified and partially characterized. This is the third aromatic peroxygenase (APO) that has been characterized in detail and the first one that can be produced in high yields. The highest enzyme levels of about 41,000 U l-1 (corresponding to appr. 445 mg l-1 APO protein) exceeded the hitherto reported levels more than 40-fold and were detected in carbon- and nitrogen-rich complex media. The enzyme was purified by FPLC to apparent homogeneity (SDS-PAGE) with a molecular mass of 32 kDa (27 kDa after deglycosylation) and isoelectric points between 4.97 and 5.27. The UV-visible spectrum of the native enzyme showed a characteristic maximum (Soret band) at 418 nm that shifted after reduction with sodium dithionite and flushing with carbon monoxide to 443 nm. The pH optimum of the M. rotula enzyme was found to vary between pH 5 and 6 for most reactions studied. The apparent Km-values for 2,6-dimethoxyphenol, benzyl alcohol, veratryl alcohol, naphthalene and H2O2 were 0.133, 0.118, 0.279, 0.791 and 3.14 mM, respectively. M. rotula APO was found to be highly stable in a pH range from 5 to 10 as well as in the presence of organic solvents (50% vol/vol) such as methanol, acetonitrile and N,N-dimethylformamide. Unlike other APOs, the peroxygenase of M. rotula showed neither brominating nor chlorinating activities. KW - Peroxygenase KW - Peroxidase KW - Basidiomycota KW - Cytochrome P450 KW - Bioreactor Y1 - 2011 UR - http://www.amb-express.com/content/1/1/31 SN - 2191-0855 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Friedrich, Stephanie A1 - Gröbe, Glenn A1 - Kluge, Martin A1 - Brinkmann, Tobias A1 - Hofrichter, Martin A1 - Scheibner, Katrin T1 - Optimization of a biocatalytic process to gain (R)-1-phenylethanol by applying the software tool Sabento for ecological assessment during the early stages of development T2 - Journal of Molecular Catalysis : B, Enzymatic N2 - Ecological assessment using the software tool Sabento was conducted to compare different processes to gain the fine chemical (R)-1-phenylethanol from ethylbenzene. The software was applied during the biocatalytic process development using the unspecific peroxygenase (EC .11.2.1) of the fungus Agrocybe aegerita. The process could be systematically improved with respect to the ecological performance during process development. Compared to a modern chemical process and a further biotechnological process, it now reaches the best environmental key indicator. The software tool Sabento proved to be well suited to work out the most important factors determining the ecological burdens in the early stages of process development. KW - Ecological assessment KW - Biocatalytic process for (R)-1-phenylethanol KW - Unspecific peroxygenase (EC 1.11.2.1) KW - Agrocybe aegerita Y1 - 2014 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1381117713002774 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcatb.2013.10.002 SN - 1381-1177 IS - 103 SP - 36 EP - 40 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yarman, Aysu A1 - Gröbe, Glenn A1 - Neumann, Bettina A1 - Kinne, Mathias A1 - Gajovic-Eichelmann, Nenad A1 - Wollenberger, Ulla A1 - Hofrichter, Martin A1 - Ullrich, René A1 - Scheibner, Katrin A1 - Scheller, Frieder W. T1 - The aromatic peroxygenase from Marasmius rutola—a new enzyme for biosensor applications T2 - Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry N2 - The aromatic peroxygenase (APO; EC 1.11.2.1) from the agraric basidomycete Marasmius rotula (MroAPO) immobilized at the chitosan-capped gold-nanoparticle-modified glassy carbon electrode displayed a pair of redox peaks with a midpoint potential of −278.5 mV vs. AgCl/AgCl (1 M KCl) for the Fe2+/Fe3+ redox couple of the heme-thiolate-containing protein. MroAPO oxidizes aromatic substrates such as aniline, p-aminophenol, hydroquinone, resorcinol, catechol, and paracetamol by means of hydrogen peroxide. The substrate spectrum overlaps with those of cytochrome P450s and plant peroxidases which are relevant in environmental analysis and drug monitoring. In M. rotula peroxygenase-based enzyme electrodes, the signal is generated by the reduction of electrode-active reaction products (e.g., p-benzoquinone and p-quinoneimine) with electro-enzymatic recycling of the analyte. In these enzyme electrodes, the signal reflects the conversion of all substrates thus representing an overall parameter in complex media. The performance of these sensors and their further development are discussed. KW - Unspecific peroxygenase KW - Biosensors KW - Cytochrome P450 KW - Phenolic substances Y1 - 2012 UR - http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00216-011-5497-y U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-011-5497-y SN - 1618-2650 VL - 402 IS - 1 SP - 405 EP - 412 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Poraj-Kobielska, Marzena A1 - Atzrodt, Jens A1 - Holla, Wolfgang A1 - Sandvoss, Martin A1 - Gröbe, Glenn A1 - Scheibner, Katrin A1 - Hofrichter, Martin T1 - Preparation of labeled human drug metabolites and drug-drug interaction-probes with fungal peroxygenases T2 - Journal of Labelled Compounds and Radiopharmaceuticals N2 - Enzymatic conversion of a drug can be an efficient alternative for the preparation of a complex metabolite compared with a multi-step chemical synthesis approach. Limitations exist for chemical methods for direct oxygen incorporation into organic molecules often suffering from low yields and unspecific oxidation and also for alternative whole-cell biotransformation processes, which require specific fermentation know-how. Stable oxygen-transferring biocatalysts such as unspecific peroxygenases (UPOs) could be an alternative for the synthesis of human drug metabolites and related stable isotope-labeled analogues. This work shows that UPOs can be used in combination with hydrogen/deuterium exchange for an efficient one-step process for the preparation of 4'-OH-diclofenac-d6. The scope of the reaction was investigated by screening of different peroxygenase subtypes for the transformation of selected deuterium-labeled substrates such as phenacetin-d3 or lidocaine-d3. Experiments with diclofenac-d7 revealed that the deuterium-labeling does not affect the kinetic parameters. By using the latter substrate and H2 (18) O2 as cosubstrate, it was possible to prepare a doubly isotope-labeled metabolite (4'-(18) OH-diclofenac-d6). UPOs offer certain practical advantages compared with P450 enzyme systems in terms of stability and ease of handling. Given these advantages, future work will expand the existing 'monooxygenation toolbox' of different fungal peroxygenases that mimic P450 in vitro reactions. KW - Isotopic labeled synthesis KW - deuterium KW - 4'OH-diclofenac KW - paracetamol KW - phenacetin KW - lidocaine KW - unspecific/aromatic peroxygenase KW - EC 1.11.2.1; KW - human drug metabolites Y1 - 2013 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jlcr.3103/abstract;jsessionid=5453A37788468921BE8A03CABF2928DD.f03t02 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/jlcr.3103 SN - 1099-1344 VL - 56 IS - 9-10 SP - 513 EP - 519 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Peter, Sebastian A1 - Karich, Alexander A1 - Ullrich, René A1 - Gröbe, Glenn A1 - Scheibner, Katrin A1 - Hofrichter, Martin T1 - Enzymatic one-pot conversion of cyclohexane into cyclohexanone: Comparison of four fungal peroxygenases T2 - Journal of Molecular Catalysis : B, Enzymatic N2 - Unspecific peroxygenases (UPO; EC 1.11.2.1) represent a group of secreted heme-thiolate proteins that are capable of catalyzing the mono-oxygenation of diverse organic compounds, using only H2O2 as a co-substrate. Here we show that the four peroxygenases AaeUPO, MroUPO, rCciUPO and rNOVO catalyze the stepwise hydroxylation of cyclohexane to cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone. The catalytic efficiencies (kcat/Km) for the initial hydroxylation were in the same order of magnitude for all four peroxygenases (∼104 M−1 s−1), whereas they differed in the second step. The conversion of cyclohexanol by AaeUPO and rCciUPO was 1–2 orders of magnitude less efficient (∼102 M−1 s−1) than by MroUPO and rNOVO (∼104 M−1 s−1). The highest conversion rate in terms of H2O2 utilization was accomplished by MroUPO under repeated addition of the peroxide (87% in relation to the total products formed). Using the latter UPO, we successfully established a micro-mixing reaction device (SIMM-V2) for the oxidation of cyclohexane. As cyclohexanone is a chemical of high relevance, for example, as starting material for polymer syntheses or as organic solvent, new enzymatic production pathways for this compound are of interest to complement existing chemical and biotechnological approaches. Stable and versatile peroxygenases, as those presented here, may form a promising biocatalytic platform for the development of such enzyme-based processes. KW - cyclohexane KW - cyclohexanol KW - cyclohexanone KW - UPO KW - Peroxygenase Y1 - 2014 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S138111771300266X U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcatb.2013.09.016 IS - 103 SP - 47 EP - 51 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Piontek, Klaus A1 - Strittmatter, Eric A1 - Ullrich, René A1 - Gröbe, Glenn A1 - Pecyna, Marek J. A1 - Kluge, Martin A1 - Scheibner, Katrin A1 - Hofrichter, Martin A1 - Plattner, Dietmar A. T1 - Structural basis of substrate conversion in a new aromatic peroxygenase: cytochrome P450 functionality with benefits T2 - The Journal of Biological Chemistry N2 - Aromatic peroxygenases (APOs) represent a unique oxidoreductase sub-subclass of heme proteins with peroxygenase and peroxidase activity and were thus recently assigned a distinct EC classification (EC 1.11.2.1). They catalyze, inter alia, oxyfunctionalization reactions of aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons with remarkable regio- and stereoselectivities. When compared with cytochrome P450, APOs appear to be the choice enzymes for oxyfunctionalizations in organic synthesis due to their independence from a cellular environment and their greater chemical versatility. Here, the first two crystal structures of a heavily glycosylated fungal aromatic peroxygenase (AaeAPO) are described. They reveal different pH-dependent ligand binding modes. We model the fitting of various substrates in AaeAPO, illustrating the way the enzyme oxygenates polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Spatial restrictions by a phenylalanine pentad in the active-site environment govern substrate specificity in AaeAPO. KW - Cytochrome P450 KW - Fungi; Glycoprotein KW - Oxyfunctionalization KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons KW - Peroxygenase Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M113.514521 SN - 1083-351X IS - 288 SP - 34767 EP - 34776 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kluge, Martin A1 - Ullrich, René A1 - Scheibner, Katrin A1 - Hofrichter, Martin T1 - Formation of naphthalene hydrates in the enzymatic conversion of 1,2-dihydronaphthalene by two fungal peroxygenases and subsequent naphthalene formation T2 - Journal of Molecular Catalysis : B, Enzymatic N2 - The formation of naphthalene hydrates (i.e. 1- and 2-hydroxy-1,2-dihydronaphthalene) displays a new activity (besides epoxidation) in the enzymatic transformation of 1,2-dihydronaphthalene by two fungal unspecific peroxygenases (UPOs) accounting for 16–19% of the overall turnover. These arene hydrates decayed into naphthalene that in turn was converted by UPOs into naphthols. The oxygen transferred during hydroxylation was shown to derive from hydrogen peroxide proving a true peroxygenation reaction. KW - Unspecific peroxygenase KW - Naphthalene hydrates KW - Aromatization KW - Oxygenation Y1 - 2014 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1381117713002464 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcatb.2013.08.017 SN - 1381-1177 IS - 103 SP - 56 EP - 60 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kluge, Martin A1 - Ullrich, René A1 - Scheibner, Katrin A1 - Hofrichter, Martin T1 - Stereoselective benzylic hydroxylation of alkylbenzenes and epoxidation of styrene derivatives catalyzed by the peroxygenase of Agrocybe aegerita T2 - Green Chemistry N2 - Here we report on the stereoselective benzylic hydroxylation and C1-C2 epoxidation of alkylbenzenes and styrene derivatives, respectively, by a heme-thiolate peroxygenase (EC 1.11.2.1) from the fungus Agrocybe aegerita. Benzylic hydroxylation led exclusively to the (R)-1-phenylalkanols. For (R)-1-phenylethanol, (R)-1-phenylpropanol and (R)-1-tetralol, the ee reached >99%. For longer chain lengths, the enantiomeric excesses (ee) and total turnover numbers (TTN) decreased while the number of by-products, e.g. 1-phenylketones, increased. Epoxidation of straight chain and cyclic styrene derivatives gave a heterogeneous picture and resulted in moderate to excellent ee values and TTN: e.g., in the case of (1R,2S)-cis-[small beta]-methylstyrene oxide formation, an ee >99% and a TTN of 110 000 was achieved. Hydroxylation and epoxidation were true peroxygenations, which was demonstrated by the incorporation of 18O from H218O2 into the products. The use of fed-batch devices and varying feeding strategies for the substrate and co-substrate turned out to be a suitable approach to optimize peroxygenase catalysis. Y1 - 2012 UR - http://pubs.rsc.org/en/Content/ArticleLanding/2012/GC/C1GC16173C#!divAbstract SN - 1463-9270 IS - 2 SP - 440 EP - 446 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Poraj-Kobielska, Marzena A1 - Kinne, Matthias A1 - Ullrich, René A1 - Scheibner, Katrin A1 - Hofrichter, Martin T1 - A spectrophotometric assay for the detection of fungal peroxygenases T2 - Analytical Biochemistry N2 - Rapid and simple spectrophotometric methods are required for the unambiguous detection of recently discovered fungal peroxygenases in vivo and in vitro. This paper describes a peroxygenase-specific assay using 5-nitro-1,3-benzodioxole as substrate. The product, 4-nitrocatechol, produces a yellow color at pH 7, which can be followed over time at 425 nm (ε425 = 9,700 M−1 cm−1), and a red color when adjusted to pH >12, which can be measured in form of an end-point determination at 514 nm (ε514 = 11,400 M−1 cm−1). The assay is suitable for detecting peroxygenase activities in complex growth media and environmental samples as well as for high-throughput screenings. KW - Monooxygenase KW - Peroxidase KW - Heme-thiolate KW - P450 KW - Chloroperoxidase KW - 5-Nitro-1,3-benzodioxole Y1 - 2012 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0003269711006610 UR - 1096-0309 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ab.2011.10.009 VL - 421 IS - 1 SP - 327 EP - 329 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gliem, Silvia A1 - Klabuhn, Janny A1 - Litwin, Nadine T1 - The Promoting Force of Technology for Service Innovation in High-Tech Industries T2 - Technology Innovation Management Review Y1 - 2014 UR - http://timreview.ca/article/792 SN - 1927-0321 VL - 4 IS - 5 SP - 40 EP - 49 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Näther, Wolfgang A1 - Wälder, Konrad T1 - Applying fuzzy measures for considering interaction effects in root dispersal methods T2 - Fuzzy Sets and Systems KW - Choquet integral, fuzzy measure, cluster point process Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fss.2006.10.003 SN - 0165-0114 VL - 158 IS - 5 SP - 572 EP - 582 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wälder, Konrad A1 - Wälder, Olga A1 - Rinklebe, Jörg A1 - Menz, Joachim T1 - Estimation of soil properties with geostatistical methods in floodplains T2 - Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science KW - geostatistics, kriging, simulation, wetland soils, soil mapping Y1 - 2008 SN - 1476-3567 VL - 54 IS - 3 SP - 275 EP - 295 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Martínez, Angel T. A1 - Ruiz-Dueñas, Francisco J. A1 - Gutiérrez, Ana A1 - Río, José C. del A1 - Alcalde, Miguel A1 - Liers, Christiane A1 - Ullrich, René A1 - Hofrichter, Martin A1 - Scheibner, Katrin A1 - Kalum, Lisbeth A1 - Vind, Jesper A1 - Lund, Henrik T1 - Search, engineering, and applications of new oxidative biocatalysts T2 - Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining N2 - Most industrial enzymes are hydrolases, such as glycosidases and esterases. However, oxidoreductases have an unexploited potential for substituting harsh (and scarcely selective) chemical processes. A group of basidiomycetes are the only organisms degrading the aromatic lignin polymer, enabling the subsequent use of plant polysaccharides. Therefore, these fungi and their ligninolytic peroxidases are the biocatalysts of choice for industrial delignification and oxidative biotransformations of aromatic and other organic compounds. The latter also include oxygenation reactions, which are catalyzed with high regio/stereo selectivity by fungal peroxygenases. In search for novel and more robust peroxidases/peroxygenases, basidiomycetes from unexplored habitats were screened, and hundreds of genes identified in basidiomycete genomes (in collaboration with the DOE JGI). The most interesting genes were heterologously expressed, and the corresponding enzymes structurally-functionally characterized. The information obtained enabled us to improve the enzyme operational and catalytic properties by directed mutagenesis. However, the structural-functional relationships explaining some desirable properties are not established yet and, therefore, their introduction was addressed by ‘non-rational’ directed evolution. Then, over 100 oxidative biotransformations were analyzed. Among them, it is noteworthy to mention the regio/stereo selective hydroxylation of long/short-chain alkanes (a chemically challenging reaction), epoxidation of alkenes, and production of hydroxy-fatty acids. Concerning aromatic oxygenations, the regioselective hydroxylation of flavonoids, and stereoselective hydroxylation/epoxidation of alkyl/alkenyl-benzenes were among the most remarkable reactions, together with enzymatic hydroxylation of benzene (as an alternative for harsh chemical process). Finally, peroxidases and peroxygenases also showed a potential as delignification biocatalysts and in the decolorization of contaminant dyes from textile industries. KW - peroxygenases KW - peroxidases KW - lignin degradation KW - oxidative industrial biocatalysts KW - enzyme rational design KW - directed enzyme evolution KW - selective oxygenation Y1 - 2014 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bbb.1498/abstract U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/bbb.1498 SN - 1932-1031 VL - 8 IS - 6 SP - 819 EP - 835 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kluge, Martin A1 - Ullrich, René A1 - Scheibner, Katrin A1 - Hofrichter, Martin T1 - Spectrophotometric assay for detection of aromatic hydroxylation catalyzed by fungal haloperoxidase–peroxygenase T2 - Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology N2 - Agrocybe aegerita peroxidase (AaP) is a versatile heme-thiolate protein that can act as a peroxygenase and catalyzes, among other reactions, the hydroxylation of aromatic rings. This paper reports a rapid and selective spectrophotometric method for directly detecting aromatic hydroxylation by AaP. The weakly activated aromatic compound naphthalene served as the substrate that was regioselectively converted into 1-naphthol in the presence of the co-substrate hydrogen peroxide. Formation of 1-naphthol was followed at 303 nm (ɛ 303 = 2,010 M−1 cm−1), and the apparent Michaelis–Menten (K m) and catalytic (k cat) constants for the reaction were estimated to be 320 μM and 166 s−1, respectively. This method will be useful in screening of fungi and other microorganisms for extracellular peroxygenase activities and in comparing and assessing different catalytic activities of haloperoxidase–peroxygenases. KW - Hydroxylation KW - Peroxygenase Y1 - 2007 UR - http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00253-007-0942-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-007-0942-8 SN - 1432-0614 VL - 75 IS - 6 SP - 1473 EP - 1478 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ullrich, René A1 - Nüske, Jörg A1 - Scheibner, Katrin A1 - Spantzel, Jörg A1 - Hofrichter, Martin T1 - Novel Haloperoxidase from the Agaric Basidiomycete Agrocybe aegerita Oxidizes Aryl Alcohols and Aldehydes T2 - Applied and Environmental Microbiology N2 - Agrocybe aegerita, a bark mulch- and wood-colonizing basidiomycete, was found to produce a peroxidase (AaP) that oxidizes aryl alcohols, such as veratryl and benzyl alcohols, into the corresponding aldehydes and then into benzoic acids. The enzyme also catalyzed the oxidation of typical peroxidase substrates, such as 2,6-dimethoxyphenol (DMP) or 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS). A. aegerita peroxidase production depended on the concentration of organic nitrogen in the medium, and highest enzyme levels were detected in the presence of soybean meal. Two fractions of the enzyme, AaP I and AaP II, which had identical molecular masses (46 kDa) and isoelectric points of 4.6 to 5.4 and 4.9 to 5.6, respectively (corresponding to six different isoforms), were identified after several steps of purification, including anion- and cation-exchange chromatography. The optimum pH for the oxidation of aryl alcohols was found to be around 7, and the enzyme required relatively high concentrations of H2O2 (2 mM) for optimum activity. The apparent Km values for ABTS, DMP, benzyl alcohol, veratryl alcohol, and H2O2 were 37, 298, 1,001, 2,367 and 1,313 μM, respectively. The N-terminal amino acid sequences of the main AaP II spots blotted after two-dimensional gel electrophoresis were almost identical and exhibited almost no homology to the sequences of other peroxidases from basidiomycetes, but they shared the first three amino acids, as well as two additional amino acids, with the heme chloroperoxidase (CPO) from the ascomycete Caldariomyces fumago. This finding is consistent with the fact that AaP halogenates monochlorodimedone, the specific substrate of CPO. The existence of haloperoxidases in basidiomycetous fungi may be of general significance for the natural formation of chlorinated organic compounds in forest soils. KW - Agrocybe aegerita KW - Peroxygenase KW - Peroxidase KW - Basidiomycete Y1 - 2004 UR - http://aem.asm.org/content/70/8/4575.long U6 - https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.70.8.4575-4581.2004 SN - 1098-5336 VL - 70 IS - 8 SP - 4575 EP - 4581 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dissmann, Rüdiger A1 - Cromme, Ludwig A1 - Salzwedel, Annett A1 - Taborski, Uwe A1 - Kunath, Jens A1 - Gäbler, Falko A1 - Heyne, K. A1 - Völler, Heinz T1 - Rechnergestützte Dosierung in der Antikoagulationstherapie mit Phenprocoumon T2 - Hämostaseologie N2 - Der in Voruntersuchungen entwickelte Mehrparameter-Dosisrechner (TheMa) für das Management der Antikoagulation mit Phenprocoumon wurde in einer prospektiven Untersuchung bei 22 Patienten getestet. Fachärztlich und rechnergestützt festgelegte Dosierungen wurden anhand der real und modellhaft kalkulierten INR-Werte miteinander verglichen. Zusätzlich wurde untersucht, ob mittels des zugrunde liegenden mathematischen Modells bei Absetzen der Antikoagulation der optimale Zeitpunkt für die Durchführung eines operativen Eingriffs vorhergesagt werden kann. Ergebnisse: Beim Vergleich Facharzt versus Dosisrechner fand sich mittels der drei gewählten Qualitätsgrößen eine fast identische Genauigkeit: Polygonzug-Integrationsmethode (Größe der Abweichfläche vom Zielbereich) 616,17 vs. 607,86, INR-Trefferquote im Zielbereich 166 vs. 161, TTR (time in therapeutic range) 63,91% vs. 62,40%. Die Vorhersage des idealen Interventionszeitpunktes mittels Dosisrechner ergab im Vergleich zu den real in der Auslaufkurve gemessenen Werten beim INR-Wert 1,8 eine Abweichung von 0,50 ± 0,59 Tagen. Schlussfolgerung: Der Dosisrechner zur Antikoagulationeinstellung zeigte im Vergleich zum Facharzt gleich gute Ergebnisse. Bei Pausieren der Antikoagulation ist der ideale Zeitpunkt für Operation oder Bridging kalkulierbar. KW - Phenprocoumon, orale Antikoagulation, computergestütztes Expertensystem, computergestützte Dosierung, mathematische Modelle Y1 - 2014 UR - http://www.schattauer.de/de/magazine/uebersicht/zeitschriften-a-z/haemostaseologie/inhalt/archiv/issue/1907/manuscript/21191/show.html U6 - https://doi.org/10.5482/HAMO-13-06-0030 SN - 0720-9355 VL - 34 IS - 3 SP - 226 EP - 232 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Braun, Andreas A1 - Graf, Patricia T1 - A policy perspective on Open Innovation - the Mexican case T2 - International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management Y1 - 2014 VL - 4 IS - 2 SP - 160 EP - 179 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schröter, Sandra A1 - Schnitzlein, Klaus A1 - Stahmann, Klaus-Peter T1 - Impact of mass transport on the enzymatic hydrolysis of rapeseed oil T2 - Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-014-5892-3 SN - 1432-0614 VL - 99 IS - 1 SP - 293 EP - 300 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Nicolay, Alexander A1 - Blaszkiewicz, Miroslaw A1 - Kordowski, Jarosław A1 - Noryskiewicz, Agnieszka M. A1 - Tyszkowski, Sebastian A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Late Quaternary landscape development at the margin of the Pomeranian phase (MIS 2) near Lake Wygonin (Northern Poland) T2 - Catena N2 - In Central Europe, Late Quaternary landscapes experienced multiple phases of geomorphologic activity. In this study,we used a combined geomorphological, pedological, sedimentological and palynological approach to characterize landscape development after the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) near Lake Wygonin in Northern Poland. The pedostratigraphical findings from soil pits and drillings were extrapolated using ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and electric resistivity tomography (ERT). During the Pomeranian phase, glacial and fluvioglacial processes dominated the landscape near Lake Wygonin. At the end of the glacial period, periglacial processes became relevant and caused the formation of ventifacts and coversands containing coated sand grains. At approximately 15,290–14,800 cal yr BP, a small pond formed in a kettle hole (profile BWI2). The lacustrine sediments lack eolian sand components and therefore indicate the decline of eolian processes during that time. The increase of Juniperus and rock-rose (Helianthemum) in the pollen diagram is a prominent marker of the Younger Dryas. At the end of the Younger Dryas, a partial reshaping of the landscape is indicated by abundant charcoal fragments in disturbed lake sediments. No geomorphologic activity since the beginning of the Holocene is documented in the terrestrial and wetland archives. The anthropogenic impact is reflected in the pollen diagram by the occurrence of rye pollen grains (Secale cereale) and translocated soil sediments dated to 1560–1410 cal yr BP, proving agricultural use of the immediate vicinity. With the onset of land use, gully incision and the accumulation of colluvial fans reshaped the landscape locally. Since 540–460 cal yr BP, further gully incision in the steep forest tracks has been associated with the intensification of forestry. Outside of the gully catchments, the weakly podzolized Rubic Brunic Arenosols show no features of Holocene soil erosion. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2014.08.018 SN - 0341-8162 VL - 124 SP - 28 EP - 44 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Geophysical prospection on Late Quaternary sediments in the Gallego Valley, Central Spanish Pyrenees T2 - Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie, Suppl. N2 - This study aims to characterize the Late Quaternary stratigraphy in a type region of Pleistocene glaciation in the Central Spanish Pyrenees by using geophysical prospection techniques to extrapolate stratigraphical field information from soil pits. The main objectives are (i) to identify the thickness of the Quaternary sediments, (ii) to characterize the internal structures and stratifications within the Quaternary deposits and (iii) to test the validity of combined geophysical prospection techniques, including shallow seismic refraction (SSR) and electric resistivity tomography (ERT). We focus on two selected study sites: the Late Pleistocene terminal moraine at Senegüé on the bottom of the Gállego Valley and a Pleistocene non-glaciated slope located nearby. This study proves that information about the depth, structure and distribution of Late Quaternary sediments (glacial, periglacial and fluvial) can be gathered by the combination of geophysical techniques (SSR and ERT). These techniques allow for a reliable, inexpensive and fast extrapolation of stratification information from soil pits and enable Late Quaternary and Eocene sediments to be distinguished. The reconstruction of the sediment genesis is facilitated by the geophysical techniques due to the potential to prospect the internal structures of large areas. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1127/0372-8854/2014/S-00165 SN - 1864-1687 VL - 58 IS - 3 SP - 47 EP - 62 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nicolay, Alexander A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Rösler, Horst A1 - Bönisch, Eberhard A1 - Murray, Andrew S. T1 - Evidence of (pre-) historic to modern landscape and land use history near Jänschwalde (Brandenburg, Germany) T2 - Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie, Suppl. N2 - In the apron of the active lignite opencast pit Jänschwalde (Brandenburg, Germany), three archaeological survey trenches were investigated in an area where aeolian sand deposits are widespread. The investigated sediment sequences contain evidence of aeolian morphodynamics, soil formation and agricultural land use. To study the age and the causes of sand drifting and surface stabilization, standard soil physical and chemical laboratory analyses as well as optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and radiocarbon dating (14C) were carried out. Two main sedimentological units were identified: Unit 1 consists of glacio-fluvial and Late Glacial aeolian sands representing the parent material for the native Podsol- Braunerde, while Unit 2 represents the Late Holocene aeolian deposits. Four periods of Late Glacial and Holocene aeolian activity and three phases of geomorphological stability have been identified: (i) Aeolian sedimentation during the Late Glacial, (ii) Mesolithic reactivation of aeolian processes, (iii) soil formation until Late Roman Iron Age settlers intensified the agricultural land use, (iv) intensive drift sand formation during the High Middle Ages due to agricultural expansion, (v) stabilization of the drift sands and weak soil formation, (vi) reactivation of aeolian processes due to the increasing wood consumption and charcoal production from the early 17th until the mid-19th century, (vii) surface stabilization and formation of Regosols since the mid-19th century due to afforestation. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1127/0372-8854/2014/S-00162 SN - 1864-1687 VL - 58 IS - 2 SP - 7 EP - 31 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gotsch, Matthias A1 - Hipp, Christiane T1 - Using Trademarks to Measure Innovation in Knowledge-Intensive Business Services T2 - Technology Innovation Management Review N2 - We present an empirical approach to measuring service innovation on the company level through the analysis of trademarks. Prior empirical investigations in several industries have shown that a trademark may be used as an innovation indicator. This article explores the use and relevance of trademarks by conducting a survey in the knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS) industries with 278 participating companies. Our survey results explain the use of trademarks as a way to protect innovation and intellectual property for KIBS. In sum, we show that trademarks can be described as adequate and useful indicators to measure new service innovations in the KIBS industries. Additionally, we show that trademarks have the potential to overcome weaknesses of traditional measurement concepts towards KIBS innovation and might make special surveys redundant in the future. Y1 - 2014 UR - http://timreview.ca/article/790 SN - 1927-0321 VL - 4 IS - 5 SP - 18 EP - 30 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Haeberle, Jörg A1 - Barquinha, Pedro A1 - Gaspar, Diana A1 - Pereira, Luís A1 - Martins, Rodrigo A1 - Fortunato, Elvira T1 - Electronic structure of amorphous ZnO films T2 - Physica Status Solidi C N2 - We use resonant photoemission spectroscopy (resPES) to study the electronic properties of amorphous ZnO (a-ZnO) layers. We report on the core levels, the valence band (VB) PES data, and the X-ray absorption (XAS) data which we use for the conduction band (CB) density of states. From these results we are able to derive the partial density of states (pDOS) of O2p and Zn4s4p states in the VB and CB, respectively as well as a band scheme. At the O1s resonance we observe a band of localized defect states which is located between the Fermi energy and the CBM. At the Zn2p edge the XAS data indicate that localized Zn4s4p states are involved in the DOS starting already at the Fermi energy. KW - a-ZnO thin films KW - intrinsic defects KW - resonant PES KW - amorphous oxide semiconductors (AOS) KW - transparent conducting oxides (TCO) KW - charge transfer Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pssc.201400010 SN - 1610-1642 VL - 11 IS - 9-10 SP - 1476 EP - 1480 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Beirow, Bernd A1 - Giersch, Thomas A1 - Kühhorn, Arnold A1 - Nipkau, Jens T1 - Optimization-Aided Forced Response Analysis of a Mistuned Compressor Blisk T2 - Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power N2 - The forced response of the first rotor of an engine 3E (technology program) (E3E)-type high pressure compressor (HPC) blisk is analyzed with regard to varying mistuning, varying engine order (EO) excitations and the consideration of aero-elastic effects. For that purpose, subset of nominal system modes (SNM)-based reduced order models are used in which the disk remains unchanged while the Young's modulus of each blade is used to define experimentally adjusted as well as intentional mistuning patterns. The aerodynamic influence coefficient (AIC) technique is employed to model aero-elastic interactions. Furthermore, based on optimization analyses and depending on the exciting EO and aerodynamic influences it is searched for the worst as well as the best mistuning distributions with respect to the maximum blade displacement. Genetic algorithms using blade stiffness variations as vector of design variables and the maximum blade displacement as objective function are applied. An allowed limit of the blades' Young's modulus standard deviation is formulated as secondary condition. In particular, the question is addressed if and how far the aero-elastic impact, mainly causing aerodynamic damping, combined with mistuning can even yield a reduction of the forced response compared to the ideally tuned blisk. It is shown that the strong dependence of the aerodynamic damping on the interblade phase angle is the main driver for a possible response attenuation considering the fundamental blade mode. The results of the optimization analyses are compared to the forced response due to real, experimentally determined frequency mistuning as well as intentional mistuning. KW - Mistuning KW - Forced Response KW - Compressor Blisk Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4028095 SN - 1528-8919 VL - 137 IS - 1 SP - 012504-1 EP - 012504-10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Daniel, Antje A1 - Graf, Patricia T1 - Frauenbewegung in nationalen und transnationalen Räumen T2 - Femina Politica : Zeitschrift für feministische Politik-Wissenschaft Y1 - 2014 SN - 2196-1646 VL - 23 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - König, Hartmut A1 - Gäbler, Jan A1 - Klauck, Ronny A1 - Pink, Mario A1 - Sprejz, Michael T1 - uBeeMe - A Platform for Mobile Collaborative Applications T2 - PIK - Praxis der Informationsverarbeitung und Kommunikation Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/pik-2012-0058 SN - 0930-5157 VL - 36 IS - 1 SP - S. 43 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zolochevsky, Alexander A1 - Sklepus, Sergiy A1 - Galishin, Alexander A1 - Kühhorn, Arnold A1 - Kober, Markus T1 - A Comparison between the 3D and the Kirchhoff-Love Solutions for Cylinders under Creep-Damage Conditions T2 - Technische Mechanik KW - creep deformation Y1 - 2014 UR - http://www.ovgu.de/ifme/zeitschrift_tm/2014_Heft2/04_Zolochevsky_et_al.pdf VL - 34 IS - 2 SP - 104 EP - 113 ER - TY - GEN A1 - König, Franziska A1 - Zanoun, El-Sayed A1 - Öngüner, Emir A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - The CoLaPipe - The new Cottbus large pipe test facility at Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg T2 - Review of scientific instruments Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4884717 SN - 1089-7623 VL - 85 IS - 7 SP - 075115-1 EP - 075115-9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gwenzi, Willis A1 - Hinz, Christoph A1 - Bleby, Timothy M. A1 - Veneklaas, Erik J. T1 - Transpiration and water relations of evergreen shrub species on an artificial landform for mine waste storage versus an adjacent natural site in semi‐arid Western Australia T2 - Ecohydrology N2 - In water-limited environments, transpiration may minimize deep drainage on engi-neered covers used for hazardous waste disposal. However, comparative studies investigating plant ecophysiology and water use on engineered covers and natural sites are limited. Water use patterns and plant–water relations of evergreen shrubs were monitored in semi-arid Western Australia to (1) investigate the response of plant–water relations and shrub transpiration to soil moisture changes and (2) quan-tify stand transpiration and its contribution to the water balance. The shrubs showed conservative (<20 cm hr−1) but persistent transpiration. Differential response to rainfall pulses was evident among species; sap velocity for Acacia bivenosa and Acacia inaequilatera increased by 20–103% (p < 0•05) after rainfall events ex-ceeding 15 mm but declined rapidly to pre-storm levels. On the contrary, sap veloc-ity for Acacia pruinocarpa increased by 61% after large pulse (83 and 127 mm) as-sociated with cyclonic activity and remained high (10–15 cm hr−1) thereafter. These transpiration patterns suggested contrasting rooting patterns among the spe-cies. Sap velocity was low (<20 mm hr−1) for all species, even when moisture was readily available. Annual shrub transpiration was 65 (engineered cover) and 81 mm (natural shrubland), accounting for 16 and 20% of annual rainfall (395 mm). Stand characteristics, plant ecophysiology and shrub transpiration were comparable for both sites, demonstrating the importance of using topsoil as a growth medium and seedbank in revegetation. Overall, the study provided insights on ecophysiological behaviour of artificial landforms, and the first empirical evidence suggesting rapid and successful restoration of mined lands can be achieved under semi-arid conditions. KW - deep drainage KW - engineered cover KW - plant ecophysiology KW - hazardous mine wastes KW - heat ratio method KW - restoration KW - sap velocity Y1 - 2014 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/eco.1422/abstract U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.1422 SN - 1936-0592 VL - 7 IS - 3 SP - 965 EP - 981 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Salmon, S. Ursula A1 - Rate, Andrew W. A1 - Rengel, Zed A1 - Appleyard, Steven A1 - Prommer, Henning A1 - Hinz, Christoph T1 - Reactive transport controls on sandy acid sulfate soils and impacts on shallow groundwater quality T2 - Water Resources Research N2 - Disturbance or drainage of potential acid sulfate soils (PASS) can result in the release of acidity and degradation of infrastructure, water resources, and the environment. Soil processes affecting shallow groundwater quality have been investigated using a numerical code that integrates (bio)geochemical processes with water, solute, and gas transport. The patterns of severe and persistent acidification (pH < 4) in the sandy, carbonate-depleted podzols of a coastal plain could be reproduced without calibration, based on oxidation of microcrystalline pyrite after groundwater level decrease and/or residual groundwater acidity, due to slow vertical solute transport rates. The rate of acidification was limited by gas phase diffusion of oxygen and hence was sensitive to soil water retention properties and in some cases also to oxygen con-sumption by organic matter mineralization. Despite diffusion limitation, the rate of oxidation in sandy soils was rapid once pyrite-bearing horizons were exposed, even to a depth of 7.5 m. Groundwater level movement was thus identified as an important control on acidification, as well as the initial pyrite content. Increase in the rate of Fe(II) oxidation lead to slightly lower pH and greater accumulation of Fe(III) phases, but had little effect on the overall amount of pyrite oxidized. Aluminosilicate (kaolinite) dissolution had a small pH-buffering effect but lead to the release of Al and associated acidity. Simulated dewatering scenarios highlighted the potential of the model for risk assessment of (bio)geochemical impacts on soil and groundwater over a range of temporal and spatial scales. KW - reactive transport modeling KW - acid sulfate soils KW - vadose zone KW - shallow groundwater quality KW - pyrite oxidation KW - soil organic carbon Y1 - 2014 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2013WR014404/abstract U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/2013WR014404 SN - 1944-7973 VL - 50 IS - 6 SP - 4924 EP - 4952 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wetter, Oliver A1 - Pfister, Christian A1 - Werner, Johannes P. A1 - Zorita, Eduardo A1 - Wagner, Sebastian A1 - Seneviratne, Sonia I. A1 - Herget, Jürgen A1 - Grünewald, Uwe A1 - Luterbacher, Jürg A1 - Alcoforado, Maria João A1 - Barriendos, Mariano A1 - Bieber, Ursula A1 - Brázdil, Rudolf A1 - Burmeister, Karl H. A1 - Camenisch, Chantal A1 - Contino, Antonio A1 - Dobrovolný, Petr A1 - Glaser, Rüdiger A1 - Himmelsbach, Iso A1 - Kiss, Andrea A1 - Kotyza, Oldřich A1 - Labbé, Thomas A1 - Limanówka, Danuta A1 - Litzenburger, Laurent A1 - Nordl, Øyvind A1 - Pribyl, Kathleen A1 - Retsö, Dag A1 - Riemann, Dirk A1 - Rohr, Christian A1 - Siegfried, Werner A1 - Söderberg, Johan A1 - Spring, Jean-Laurent T1 - The year-long unprecedented European heat and drought of 1540 – a worst case T2 - Climatic change N2 - The heat waves of 2003 in Western Europe and 2010 in Russia, commonly labelled as rare climatic anomalies outside of previous experience, are often taken as harbingers of more frequent ex-tremes in the global warming-influenced future. However, a recent reconstruction of spring–summer temperatures for WE resulted in the likelihood of significantly higher temperatures in 1540. In order to check the plausibility of this result we investigated the severity of the 1540 drought by putting forward the argument of the known soil desiccation-temperature feedback. Based on more than 300 first-hand documentary weather report sources originating from an area of 2 to 3 million km2, we show that Europe was affected by an unprecedented 11-month-long Megadrought. The estimated number of precipitation days and precipitation amount for Central and Western Europe in 1540 is significantly lower than the 100-year minima of the in-strumental measurement period for spring, summer and autumn. This result is supported by independent documentary evidence about extremely low river flows and Europe-wide wild-, forestand settlement fires. We found that an event of this severity cannot be simulated by state-of-the-art climate models. Y1 - 2014 UR - http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10584-014-1184-2#page-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-014-1184-2 SN - 1573-1480 SN - 0165-0009 VL - 125 IS - 3-4 SP - 349 EP - 363 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grünewald, Uwe A1 - Schoenheinz, Dagmar T1 - Editorial T2 - World of Mining – Surface and Underground Y1 - 2014 UR - http://www.gdmb.de/fileadmin/templates/gfx/womin/2014/WoMin_414_web.pdf SN - 1613-2408 VL - 66 IS - 4 SP - 185 EP - 186 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Burkhardt, Marko A1 - Koschack, Tobias A1 - Busch, Günter T1 - Biocatalytic methanation of hydrogen and carbon dioxide in an anaerobic three-phase system T2 - Bioresource Technology Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2014.08.023 SN - 1873-2976 IS - 178 SP - 330 EP - 333 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zaplata, Markus K. A1 - Winter, Susanne A1 - Biemelt, Detlef A1 - Fischer, Anton T1 - Immediate shift towards source dynamics: The pioneer species Conyza canadensis in an initial ecosystem T2 - Flora - Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants N2 - The aim of this study was to detect a potential temporal shift from sink to source dynamics of pioneer plants during primary succession. The study was done in an initial ecosystem, namely an artificially constructed catchment on Pleistocene sands in eastern Germany. The import and export of seeds (including soil seed bank and seed rain), the development of vegetation cover and the population size of all pioneer species were recorded in 2005–2009. The interplay between the spatial distribution of seed rain and the prevailing wind direction provide evidence that seeds of Conyza canadensis (Asteraceae) first and to a considerable amount left the developing ecosystem. A change from a sink to source dynamics was detected already in the first year of both the existence of the site and occurrence of C. canadensis individuals within the site. Population patterns at the landscape unit scale demonstrated extensive auto-correlations in the coverage of this invasive plant at first. Our results underline the pioneer traits of C. canadensis as a prolific seeder and excellent wind disperser, which enables this species to become rapidly dominant over relatively large areas. KW - colonization potential Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2011.07.001 VL - 206 IS - 11 SP - 928 EP - 934 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zaplata, Markus K. A1 - Winter, Susanne A1 - Fischer, Anton A1 - Kollmann, Johannes A1 - Ulrich, Werner T1 - Species-driven phases and increasing structure in early-successional plant communities T2 - The American Naturalist N2 - Successional phases describe changes in ecological communities that proceed in steps rather than continuously. Despite their importance for the understanding of ecosystem development, there still exists no reliable definition of phases and no quantitative measure of phase transitions. In order to obtain these data, we investigated primary succession in an artificial catchment (6 ha) in eastern Germany over a period of 6 years. The data set consists of records of plant species and their cover values, and initial substrate properties, both from plots in a regular grid (20 m × 20 m) suitable for spatial data analysis. Community assembly was studied by analyses of species co-occurrence and nestedness. Additionally, we correlated lognormal and log series distributions of species abundance to each community. We here introduce a new general method for detection of successional phases based on the degree of transient spatial homogeneity in the study system. Spatially coherent vegetation patterns revealed non-overlapping partitions within this sequence of primary succession and were characterized as two distinct ecological phases. Patterns of species co-occurrence were increasingly less random, and hence the importance of demographic stochasticity and neutral community assembly decreased during the study period. Our findings highlight the spatial dimension of successional phases and quantify the degree of change between these steps. They are an element for advancing a more reliable terminology of ecological successions. KW - spatial analysis Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1086/668571 VL - Vol. 181 IS - 1 SP - E17 EP - E27 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gädeke, Anne A1 - Hölzel, Herwig A1 - Koch, Hagen A1 - Pohle, Ina A1 - Grünewald, Uwe T1 - Analysis of uncertainties in the hydrological response of a model-based climate change impact assessment in a subcatchment of the Spree River, Germany T2 - Hydrological Processes N2 - Climate change impact assessments form the basis for the development of suitable climate change adaptation strategies. For this purpose, ensembles consisting of stepwise coupled models are generally used [emission scenario global circulation model downscaling approach (DA) bias correction impact model (hydrological model)], in which every item is affected by considerable uncertainty. The aim of the current study is (1) to analyse the uncertainty related to the choice of the DA as well as the hydrological model and its parameterization and (2) to evaluate the vulnerabil-ity of the studied catchment, a subcatchment of the highly anthropogenically impacted Spree River catchment, to hydrological change. Four different DAs are used to drive four different model configurations of two conceptually different hydrological models (Water Balance Simulation Model developed at ETH Zürich and HBV-light). In total, 452 simulations are carried out. The results show that all simulations compute an increase in air temperature and potential evapotranspiration. For precipitation, runoff and actual evapotranspiration, opposing trends are computed depending on the DA used to drive the hydrological models. Overall, the largest source of uncertainty can be attributed to the choice of the DA, especially regarding whether it is statistical or dynamical. The choice of the hydrological model and its parameterization is of less importance when long-term mean annual changes are compared. The large bandwidth at the end of the modelling chain may exacerbate the formulation of suitable climate change adaption strategies on the regional scale. KW - climate change impact assessment KW - regional climate models KW - HBV-light KW - WaSiM-ETH KW - hydrological modelling KW - uncertainty Y1 - 2014 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/hyp.9933/abstract U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.9933 SN - 1099-1085 VL - 28 IS - 12 SP - 3978 EP - 3998 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Futterer, Birgit A1 - Yoshikawa, Harunori A1 - Mutabazi, Innocent A1 - Egbers, Christoph ED - Beysens, Daniel ED - Loon, Jacobus van T1 - Facilities to alter weight - Electric Fields T2 - Generation and Applications of Extra-Terrestrial Environments on Earth Y1 - 2015 SN - 978-87-93237-53-7 SN - 978-87-93237-54-4 SP - 91 EP - 100 PB - River Publ. CY - Aalborg ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoff, Michael A1 - Harlander, Uwe A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Empirical singular vectors of baroclinic flows deduced from experimental data of a differentially heated rotating annulus T2 - Meteorologische Zeitschrift Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1127/metz/2014/0563 VL - 23 IS - 6 SP - 581 EP - 597 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Baptista, Melissa G. A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte T1 - Low disturbances favor steady state: Case of cyanobacterial monodominance in a Brazilian coastal lagoon T2 - Inland Waters KW - cyanobacteria Y1 - 2014 VL - 4 IS - 2 SP - 243 EP - 254 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mendoza-Lera, Clara A1 - Mutz, Michael T1 - Microbial activity and sediment disturbance modulate the vertical water flux in sandy sediments T2 - Freshwater Science KW - microbial activity, sand bed flumes Y1 - 2013 SN - 2161-9565 VL - 32 IS - 1 SP - 26 EP - 38 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nuswantoro, Riyandi A1 - Diermanse, F. A1 - Molkenthin, Frank T1 - Probabilistic flood hazard maps for Jakarta derived from a stochastic rain-storm generator T2 - Journal of Flood Risk Management N2 - Generally, the methods to derive design events in a flood-modelling framework do not take into account the full range of extreme storm events and therefore do not take into account all aleatory uncertainties originating from rainfall intensity and spatial variability. The design event method uses a single simulation in order to represent an extreme event. The study presents a probabilistic method to derive flood inundation maps in an area where rainfall is the predominant cause of flooding. The case study area is the Jakarta Basin, Indonesia. It typically experiences high-intensity and short-duration storms with high spatial variability. The flood hazard estimation framework is a combination of a Monte Carlo (MC)-based simulation and a simplified stochastic storm generator. Several thousands of generated extreme events are run in the Sobek rainfall–runoff and 1D-2D model. A frequency analysis is then conducted at each location in the flood plain in order to derive flood maps. The result shows that in general, design events overestimate the flood maps in comparison with the proposed MC approach. The MC approach takes into account spatial variability of the rainfall. However, this means that there is a need to have a high number of MC-generated events in order to better estimate the extreme quantiles. As a consequence, the MC approach needs much more computational resources and it is time-consuming if a full hydrodynamic model is used. Hence, a simplified flood model may be required to reduce the simulation time. KW - Flood inundation KW - Jakarta Basin KW - Monte Carlo KW - spatial variability KW - uncertainty Y1 - 2016 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jfr3.12114/full U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/jfr3.12114 SN - 1753-318X VL - 9 IS - 2 SP - 105 EP - 124 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grünewald, Uwe A1 - Schoenheinz, Dagmar T1 - Bergbaubedingte Gewässerversauerung in der Niederlausitz - Ursachen, Ausmaß und Minderungskonzepte T2 - Hydrologie und Wasserbewirtschaftung N2 - Die Versauerung von (Kippen-)Böden, Grundwasser sowie von Stand- und Fließgewässern infolge bergbaulicher Tätigkeit ist ein welt - weites – nach wie vor kaum beherrschtes – Problem. Am Beispiel des Niederlausitzer Braunkohlereviers und der Flusseinzugsgebiete von Spree und Schwarzer Elster wird auf die bergbaubedingten Versauerungsursachen sowie auf deren Aus- und Nebenwirkungen eingegangen. Auf die Unterschiede zu der durch atmosphärische Stoffeinträge bedingten Gewässerversauerung wird hingewiesen. Die sich im Rahmen des Sanierungsbergbaus abzeichnenden Minderungsmaßnahmen z.B. durch Wasserbewirtschaftung und durch technisch-technologische Einflussnahme werden erläutert. KW - „Acidic Mine Drainage“ KW - Grundwasserabsenkung KW - Grundwasserwiederanstieg KW - Maßnahmen KW - Tagebaue KW - Verockerung KW - Versauerung Y1 - 2014 UR - http://www.hywa-online.de/hefte/2014/HyWa_2014,5_2.pdf U6 - https://doi.org/10.5675/HyWa_2014,5_2 SN - 1439-1783 VL - 58 IS - 5 SP - 274 EP - 285 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Puppe, Daniel A1 - Kaczorek, Danuta A1 - Wanner, Manfred A1 - Sommer, Michael T1 - Dynamics and drivers of the protozoic Si pool along a 10-year chronosequence of initial ecosystem states T2 - Ecological Engineering N2 - The size and dynamics of biogenic silicon (BSi) pools influence silicon (Si) fluxes from terrestrial to aquatic ecosystems. The research focus up to now was on the role of plants in Si cycling. In recent studies on old forests annual biosilicification rates of idiosomic testate amoebae (i.e. TA producing self-secreted silica shells) were shown to be of the order of Si uptake by trees. However, no comparable data exist for initial ecosystems. We analyzed the protozoic BSi pool (idiosomic TA), corresponding annual biosilicification rates and readily available and amorphous Si fractions along a 10-year chronosequence in a post-mining landscape in Brandenburg, Germany. Idiosomic Si pools ranged from 3 to 680 g Si ha−1 and were about 3–4 times higher at vegetated compared to uncovered spots. They increased significantly with age and were related to temporal development of soil chemical properties. The calculation of annual biosilicification resulted in maxima between 2 and 16 kg Si ha−1 with rates always higher at vegetated spots. Our results showed that the BSi pool of idiosomic TA is built up rapidly during the initial phases of ecosystem development and is strongly linked to plant growth. Furthermore, our findings highlight the importance of TA for Si cycling in young artificial ecosystems. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2014.06.011 SN - 0925-8574 IS - 70 SP - 477 EP - 482 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hundt, Martin A1 - Engel, Norman A1 - Schnitzlein, Michael G. A1 - Schnitzlein, Klaus T1 - Combining the effects of pulping severity and alkali concentration to optimize the lignocellulose-based AlkaPolP biorefinery concept T2 - Bioresource Technology KW - AlkaPolP KW - Lignocellulose KW - Biorefinery KW - Pulping KW - Glycerol Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2014.05.050 SN - 0960-8524 VL - 166 SP - 411 EP - 419 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hundt, Martin A1 - Schnitzlein, Klaus A1 - Schnitzlein, Michael G. T1 - Alkaline polyol pulping and enzymatic hydrolysis of softwood: Effect of pulping severity and pulp properties on cellulase activity and overall sugar yield T2 - Bioresource Technology KW - Pulping KW - Enzymatic hydrolysis KW - Lignocellulose KW - Pretreatment KW - Glycerol Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2013.02.018 SN - 0960-8524 VL - 134 SP - 307 EP - 315 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hundt, Martin A1 - Schnitzlein, Klaus A1 - Schnitzlein, Michael G. T1 - Alkaline polyol pulping and enzymatic hydrolysis of hardwood: Effect of pulping severity and pulp composition on cellulase activity and overall sugar yield T2 - Bioresource Technology KW - Pulping KW - Enzymatic hydrolysis KW - Lignocellulose KW - Pretreatment KW - Glycerol Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2013.02.084 SN - 0960-8524 VL - 136 SP - 672 EP - 679 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hundt, Martin A1 - Engel, Norman A1 - Schnitzlein, Michael G. A1 - Schnitzlein, Klaus T1 - Alkalischer Polyolaufschluss als Basis für eine Lignocellulose-Bioraffinerie T2 - Chemie Ingenieur Technik KW - Aufschluss KW - Bioraffinerie KW - Cellulose KW - Delignifizierung KW - Enzymatische Hydrolyse KW - Fraktionierung KW - Lignin KW - Lignocellulose Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cite.201200116 SN - 0009-286X VL - 85 IS - 5 SP - 758 EP - 763 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kazak, Fedor A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Analysis of the Frequency as an Integral Method for the Testing of Anisotropic 3D Sheet Metal Structure T2 - Materials Testing Y1 - 2014 SN - 0025-5300 VL - 56 IS - 9 SP - 656 EP - 661 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ranjbarnodeh, Eslam A1 - Weiß, Sabine A1 - Hanke, Stefanie A1 - Fischer, Alfons T1 - EBSD characterization of the effect of welding parameters on HAZ of AlSl409 T2 - Journal of Mining and Metallurgy : B, Metallurgy Y1 - 2012 VL - 48 IS - 1 SP - 115 EP - 121 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ranjbarnodeh, Eslam A1 - Hanke, Stefanie A1 - Weiß, Sabine A1 - Fischer, Alfons T1 - Effect of welding parameters on the heataffected zone of AlSI409 ferritic stainless steel T2 - International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials Y1 - 2012 SN - 1869-103X VL - 19 IS - 10 SP - 923 EP - 929 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Butt, Usman A1 - Jehring, Lothar A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Mechanism of drag reduction for circular cylinders with patterned surface T2 - International journal of heat and fluid flow Y1 - 2014 SN - 1879-2278 VL - Vol. 45 SP - 128 EP - 134 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Futterer, Birgit A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Der innere Kreislauf der Erde : geophysikalisches Strömungsexperiment auf der ISS T2 - Physik in unserer Zeit Y1 - 2014 SN - 1521-3943 VL - 45 IS - 3 SP - 126 EP - 131 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sarradj, Ennes A1 - Geyer, Thomas T1 - Symbolic regression modeling of noise generation at porous airfoils T2 - Journal of Sound and Vibration Y1 - 2014 SN - 0022-460X VL - 333 IS - 14 SP - 3189 EP - 3202 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sarradj, Ennes A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Jobusch, Christoph A1 - Kießling, Sebastian A1 - Neefe, Alexander T1 - Noise Characteristics of a Micro Gas Turbine for Use in a Serial Hybrid Concept T2 - SAE Technical Papers Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4271/2014-01-2066 SN - 0148-7191 SN - 0096-5170 IS - 2014-01-2066 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schnitzlein, Klaus T1 - The Impact of Fluid Dynamics on the Regeneration of Automotive Fiber Coil Filters I. Prediction of Soot Distribution T2 - Chemical Engineering & Technology Y1 - 1997 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ceat.270200507 SN - 0930-7516 VL - 20 IS - 5 SP - 317 EP - 325 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Breuß, Michael A1 - Dietrich, Dominik T1 - On the Optimization of Flux Limiter Schemes for Hyperbolic Conservation Laws T2 - Numerical Methods for Partial Differential Equations Y1 - 2013 SN - 1098-2426 VL - Vol. 29 IS - 3 SP - 884 EP - 896 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kolzau, Sebastian A1 - Wiedner, Claudia A1 - Rücker, Jacqueline A1 - Köhler, Jan A1 - Köhler, Antje A1 - Dolman, Andrew M. T1 - Seasonal Patterns of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Limitation in Four German Lakes and the Predictability of Limitation Status from Ambient Nutrient Concentrations T2 - Plos One KW - nitrogen and phosphorus limitation Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0096065 VL - 9 IS - 4 SP - 1 EP - 14 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Oehring, Michael A1 - Stark, Andreas A1 - Paul, Jonathan David Heaton A1 - Lippmann, Thomas A1 - Pyczak, Florian T1 - Microstructural refinement of boron-containing β-solidifying γ-titanium aluminide alloys through heat treatments in the β phase field T2 - Intermetallics Y1 - 2012 SN - 0966-9795 IS - 32 SP - 12 EP - 20 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bauer, A. A1 - Neumeier, Steffen A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Singer, Robert F. A1 - Göken, Mathias T1 - Creep properties of different γ'- strengthened Co-base superalloys T2 - Materials Science and Engineering A Y1 - 2012 SN - 1873-4936 IS - 550 SP - 333 EP - 341 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Limberg, Wolfgang A1 - Ebel, Thomas A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Oehring, Michael A1 - Schimansky, Frank-Peter T1 - Influence of the sintering atmosphere on the mechanical properties of MIM-processed Ti 45Al 5Nb 0.2B 0.2C T2 - Materials Science and Engineering A Y1 - 2012 IS - 552 SP - 323 EP - 329 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schloffer, Martin A1 - Iqbal, Farasat A1 - Gabrisch, Heike A1 - Schwaighofer, Emanuel A1 - Schimansky, Frank-Peter A1 - Mayer, Svea A1 - Stark, Andreas A1 - Lippmann, Thomas A1 - Göken, Mathias A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Clemens, Helmut T1 - Microstructure development and hardness of a powder metallurgical multi phase gamma-TiAl based alloy T2 - Intermetallics Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intermet.2011.11.015 SN - 0966-9795 IS - 22 SP - 231 EP - 240 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Li A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Zhang, Jian A1 - Lou, Langhong A1 - Singer, Robert F. T1 - Effect of eutectics on plastic deformation and subsequent recrystallization in the single crystal nickel base superalloy CMSX-4 T2 - Materials Science and Engineering A Y1 - 2012 SN - 1873-4936 IS - 532 SP - 487 EP - 492 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Löffler, Stephanie A1 - Baier, Daniel T1 - Using critical incidents to validate the direct measurement of attribute importance and performance when analyzing services T2 - Journal of Service Science and Management N2 - Since its introduction into the marketing literature by Martilla and James, the Importance-Performance Analysis has proven multiple times to be a cost-effective technique for measuring attribute importance and performance of services for the customer. Additionally, it gives managers valuable hints in order to improve their products and services. However, despite a long list of successful applications overtime one critical aspect remains—the validation of the importance values by direct measurement. Besides the limitations and critics that accompanied with stated importance techniques, a lot of research results show that it is better to use direct methods in place of indirect measures. Some researchers suggest measuring the customers’ priority structure to compensate the critical points within the direct questioning. This study shows how the critical incident technique can be helpful for the validation of such results. KW - Importance-Performance Analysis, Critical Incident Technique, Validation Y1 - 2013 UR - http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=41338 SN - 1940-9893 VL - 6 IS - 5a SP - 1 EP - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klimczak, Peter A1 - Petersen, Christer T1 - Ordnung und Abweichung. Jurij M. Lotmans Grenzüberschreitungstheorie aus modallogischer Perspektive T2 - Journal of Literary Theory Y1 - 2015 SN - 1862-8990 SN - 1862-5290 VL - 9 IS - 1 SP - 135 EP - 154 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rese, Alexandra A1 - Schreiber, Stefanie A1 - Baier, Daniel T1 - Technology Acceptance Modeling of Augmented Reality at the Point of Sale: Can Surveys be Replaced by an Analysis of Online Reviews? T2 - Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services N2 - Online reviews by users have become an increasingly important source of information. This is true not only for new users of goods or services, but also for their producers. They extend the insight into the acceptance of new goods and services, e.g. at the point of sale, from a mere sales and usage quantity oriented point of view to a cause and effect oriented one. Since online reviews by consumers of many goods and services are nowadays widespread and easily available on the internet, the question arises whether their analysis can replace the more traditional approaches to measure technology acceptance, e.g., using questionnaires with TAM (Technology Acceptance Model) items. This paper tries to answer this question using IKEA's mobile catalogue app as an example. For comparisons reasons, data on the acceptance of the current version of this catalogue is collected in four different ways, (1) as answers to batteries of TAM items, (2) as assignments to pre-defined adjective pairs, (3) as textual likes and dislikes of users (simulating online reviews), and (4) as publicly available (real) reviews by users. The source for (1)–(3) is a survey with a sample of respondents, the source for (4) an online forum. The data is analyzed using partial least squares (PLS) for TAM modelling and text mining for pre-processing the textual data. The results are promising: it seems that data collection via surveys can be replaced – with some reservations – by the analysis of publicly available (real) online reviews. KW - Technologyacceptance, Technology acceptance model (TAM), Online reviews, Text mining, Partial leastsquares (PLS), Augmented reality Y1 - 2014 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0969698914000241 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2014.02.011 VL - 21 IS - 5 SP - 869 EP - 876 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhao, Dapeng A1 - Chang, Keke A1 - Ebel, Thomas A1 - Quian, M. A1 - Willumeit-Römer, Regine A1 - Yan, M. A1 - Pyczak, Florian T1 - Titanium carbide precipitation in Ti-22Nb alloy fabricated by metal injection moulding T2 - Powder Metallurgy Y1 - 2014 SN - 1743-2901 VL - 57 IS - 1 SP - 2 EP - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhao, Dapeng A1 - Chang, Keke A1 - Ebel, Thomas A1 - Quian, M. A1 - Willumeit-Römer, Regine A1 - Yan, M. A1 - Pyczak, Florian T1 - Microstructure and mechanical behavior of metal injection molded Ti-Nb binary alloys as biomedical material T2 - Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials Y1 - 2013 SN - 1878-0180 IS - 28 SP - 171 EP - 182 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Bauer, A. A1 - Göken, Mathias A1 - Neumeier, Steffen A1 - Lorenz, U. A1 - Oehring, Michael A1 - Schell, N. A1 - Schreyer, Andreas A1 - Stark, Andreas A1 - Szymanzik, F. T1 - Plastic Deformation Mechanisms in a Crept L12 hardened Co-Base Superalloy T2 - Materials Science and Engineering A Y1 - 2013 SN - 1873-4936 IS - 571 SP - 13 EP - 18 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weidner, Anja A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Biermann, H. T1 - Scanning and transmission electron microscopy investigations of defect arrangements in a two-phase gamma-TiAl alloy T2 - Materials Science and Engineering A Y1 - 2013 SN - 1873-4936 IS - 571 SP - 49 EP - 56 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gabrisch, Heike A1 - Stark, Andreas A1 - Schimansky, Frank-Peter A1 - Wang, Li A1 - Schell, Norbert A1 - Pyczak, Florian T1 - Carbides in Ti-45Al-5Nb alloys with different carbon contents T2 - Intermetallics Y1 - 2013 SN - 0966-9795 IS - 33 SP - 44 EP - 53 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Selka, Sebastian A1 - Baier, Daniel T1 - Kommerzielle Anwendung auswahlbasierter Verfahren der Conjointanalyse: Eine empirische Untersuchung zur Validitätsentwicklung T2 - Marketing Zeitschrift für Forschung und Praxis Y1 - 2014 UR - http://rsw.beck.de/rsw/upload/Marketing/Marketing_2014_1_4.pdf SN - 0344-1369 VL - 36 IS - 1 SP - 54 EP - 64 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ebel, Thomas A1 - Ferri, Orley Milagres A1 - Limberg, Wolfgang A1 - Oehring, Michael A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Schimansky, Frank-Peter T1 - Metal injection moulding of titanium and titanium-aluminides T2 - Key Engineering Materials Y1 - 2012 SN - 1662-9795 IS - 520 SP - 153 EP - 160 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kainer, Karl Ulrich A1 - Ebel, Thomas A1 - Ferri, Orley Milagres A1 - Limberg, Wolfgang A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Schimansky, Frank-Peter T1 - From titanium to magnesium: processing by advanced metal injection moulding T2 - Powder Metallurgy Y1 - 2012 VL - 55 IS - 4 SP - 315 EP - 321 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Breuß, Michael A1 - Cristiani, Emiliano A1 - Durou, Jean-Denis A1 - Falcone, Maurizio A1 - Vogel, Oliver T1 - Perspective Shape from Shading: Ambiguity Analysis and Numerical Approximations T2 - SIAM Journal on Imaging Sciences Y1 - 2012 SN - 1936-4954 VL - 5 IS - 1 SP - 311 EP - 342 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Larráyoz Izcara, Xabier A1 - Blank, Aharon A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Staron, Peter A1 - Schumann, Sandor A1 - Huber, Norbert T1 - Characterization and modeling of the influence of artificial aging on the microstructural evolution of age-hardenable AlSi10Mg(Cu)aluminum alloys T2 - Materials Science and Engineering A Y1 - 2014 SN - 1873-4936 IS - 610 SP - 46 EP - 53 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bestle, Dieter A1 - Abbas, Laith K. A1 - Rui, Xiaoting T1 - Recursive eigenvalue search algorithm for transfer matrix method of linear flexible multibody systems T2 - Multibody System Dynamics Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11044-013-9399-y SN - 1573-272X SN - 1384-5640 VL - 32 IS - 4 SP - 429 EP - 444 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Imayev, V. A1 - Gaisin, R. A1 - Gaisina, E. A1 - Imayev, R. A1 - Hecht, H.-J. A1 - Pyczak, Florian T1 - Effect of hot forging on microstructure and tensile properties of Ti–TiB based composites produced by casting T2 - Materials Science and Engineering A Y1 - 2014 SN - 1873-4936 IS - 609 SP - 34 EP - 41 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Löber, Lukas A1 - Schimansky, Frank-Peter A1 - Kühn, Uta A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Eckert, Jürgen T1 - Selective laser melting of a beta-solidifying TNMB1 titanium aluminide alloy T2 - Journal Materials Processing Technology Y1 - 2014 SN - 0924-0136 VL - 214 IS - 9 SP - 1852 EP - 1860 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stark, Andreas A1 - Oehring, Michael A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Lippmann, Thomas A1 - Lottermoser, Lars A1 - Schreyer, Andreas T1 - The transformation mechanism of β phase to ω-related phases in Nb-rich γ-TiAl alloys studied by in situ high-energy X-ray diffraction T2 - Materials Science Forum Y1 - 2014 SN - 1662-9752 IS - 772 SP - 85 EP - 89 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jabbar, Houria A1 - Monchoux, Jean-Philippe A1 - Thomas, Marc A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Couret, Alain T1 - Improvement of the creep properties of TiAl alloys densified by Spark Plasma Sintering T2 - Intermetallics Y1 - 2014 SN - 0966-9795 IS - 46 SP - 1 EP - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Frey, Rüdiger A1 - Gabih, Abdelali A1 - Wunderlich, Ralf T1 - Portfolio Optimization under Partial Information with Expert Opinions: a Dynamic Programming Approach T2 - Communications on Stochastic Analysis Y1 - 2014 SN - 0973-9599 VL - 8 IS - 1 SP - 49 EP - 79 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gabih, Abdelali A1 - Kondakji, Hakam A1 - Sass, Jörn A1 - Wunderlich, Ralf T1 - Expert Opinions and Logarithmic Utility Maximization in a Market with Gaussian Drift T2 - Communications on Stochastic Analysis Y1 - 2014 SN - 0973-9599 VL - 8 IS - 1 SP - 27 EP - 47 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ajala, Oussama A1 - Bestle, Dieter A1 - Rauh, Jochen T1 - Modeling and Control of an Electro-Hydraulic Active Suspension System T2 - Archive of Mechanical Engineering Y1 - 2013 SN - 0004-0738 VL - 60 IS - 1 SP - 37 EP - 54 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bestle, Dieter A1 - Funke, Torsten T1 - Physics Based Model of a Stroke-dependent Shock Absorber T2 - Multibody System Dynamics Y1 - 2013 SN - 1573-272X VL - 30 IS - 2 SP - 221 EP - 232 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jozefik, Zoltan A1 - Kerstein, Alan R. A1 - Schmidt, Heiko A1 - Lyra, Sgouria A1 - Kolla, Hemanth A1 - Chen, Jackie H. T1 - One-dimensional turbulence modeling of a turbulent counterflow flame with comparison to DNS T2 - Combustion and Flame Y1 - 2014 SN - 1556-2921 VL - 162 IS - 8 SP - 2999 EP - 3015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Heiko A1 - Glawe, Christoph A1 - Jozefik, Zoltan A1 - Meiselbach, Falko T. A1 - Kerstein, Alan R. T1 - On the benefits of ODT-based stochastic turbulence modeling T2 - Proceedings in applied mathematics and mechanics : PAMM N2 - We summarize the group’s progress in applying, analyzing, and improving ODT and ODT-based stochastic turbulence models like ODTLES. Compared to DNS these models span a wider range of scales while compared to RANS/LES (i) the molecular effects are retained and (ii) no assumption of scale separation is made. In this regard ODTLES has more properties of DNS than of standard LES. Y1 - 2014 SN - 1617-7061 VL - 14 IS - 1 SP - 655 EP - 656 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müsgens, Felix A1 - Peek, Markus T1 - Economics and Design of Balancing Power Markets in Germany T2 - International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems Y1 - 2014 SN - 2070-3767 IS - 55 SP - 392 EP - 401 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müsgens, Felix A1 - Grothe, Oliver T1 - The Influence of Spatial Effects on Wind Power Revenues under Direct Marketing Rules T2 - Energy Policy N2 - In many countries, investments in renewable technologies have been accelerated by fixed feed-in tariffs for electricity from renewable energy sources (RES). While fixed tariffs accomplish this purpose, they lack incentives to align the RES production with price signals. Today, the intermittency of most RES increases the volatility of electricity prices and makes balancing supply and demand more complicated. Therefore, support schemes for RES have to be modified. Recently, Germany launched a scheme which gives wind power operators the monthly choice to either receive a fixed tariff or to risk a – subsidized – access to the wholesale electricity market. This paper quantifies revenues of wind turbines under this new subsidy and analyzes whether, when and where producers may profit. We find that the position of the wind turbine within the country significantly influences revenues in terms of EUR/MWh. The results are important for wind farm operators deciding whether electricity should be sold in the fixed feed-in tariff or in the wholesale market. However, no location is persistently, i.e., in every calendar month of the year, above the average. This limits the effect of the new subsidy scheme on investment locations and long term improvements in the aggregated wind feed-in profile. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2013.03.004 SN - 0301-4215 IS - 58 SP - 237 EP - 247 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müsgens, Felix A1 - Ockenfels, Axel A1 - Peek, Markus T1 - Balancing Power Markets in Germany: Timing Matters T2 - Zeitschrift für Energiewirtschaft N2 - This paper analyzes timing issues on the German balancing power market. We focus the analysis on the length of the bidding period, i.e. the length of the time period a supplier has to provide balancing power capacities, and the question of how far before the beginning of a bidding period the auction should be carried out. We show that different load levels require different plants for the optimal provision of balancing power. In a longer bidding period, the power plants that have the lowest average cost in the bidding period are unlikely to be efficient in all hours of the bidding period. Hence, shortening bidding periods can increase efficiency. Furthermore, we show that an early commitment on a power plant’s mode of operation (when uncertainty about resulting spot prices is still relatively high) also reduces efficiency. This suggests that the auction should be held relatively close to the beginning of the bidding period. Furthermore, we discuss some advantages of a liquid real time market. KW - Balancing Power Markets KW - Germany Y1 - 2012 SN - 1866-2765 SN - 0343-5377 VL - 36 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berger, Wolfram T1 - Optimal Monetary Policy and Sectoral Shocks: Is International Monetary Cooperation Beneficial? T2 - Scandinavian Journal of Economics Y1 - 2007 SN - 1467-9442 VL - 109 IS - 2 SP - 1 EP - 24 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schloffer, Martin A1 - Schmoelzer, Thomas A1 - Mayer, Svea A1 - Schwaighofer, Emanuel A1 - Hawranek, G. A1 - Schimansky, Frank-Peter A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Clemens, Helmut T1 - The Characterisation of a Powder Metallurgically Manufactured TNM™ Titanium Aluminide Alloy Using Complimentary Quantitative Methods T2 - Practical Metallography - Praktische Metallkunde Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3139/147.110138 SN - 0032-678x VL - 48 IS - 11 SP - 594 EP - 604 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kaysser, Wolfgang A1 - Esslinger, Jörg A1 - Abetz, Volker A1 - Huber, Norbert A1 - Kainer, Karl Ulrich A1 - Klassen, Thomas A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Schreyer, Andreas A1 - Staron, Peter T1 - Research with Neutron and Synchrotron Radiation on Aerospace and Automotive Materials and Components T2 - Advanced Engineering Materials Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.201100150 SN - 1527-2648 VL - 13 IS - 8 SP - 637 EP - 657 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Staron, Peter A1 - Beckmann, Felix A1 - Lippmann, Thomas A1 - Stark, Andreas A1 - Oehring, Michael A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Salgado, Mario A1 - Hort, Norbert A1 - Eckerlebe, Horst A1 - Kainer, Karl Ulrich A1 - Müller, Martin A1 - Schreyer, Andreas T1 - In situ studies of light metals with synchrotron radiation and neutrons T2 - Materials Science Forum Y1 - 2011 SN - 1662-9752 IS - 690 SP - 192 EP - 197 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Appel, Fritz A1 - Limberg, Wolfgang A1 - Lorenz, Uwe A1 - Oehring, Michael A1 - Paul, Jonathan A1 - Schimansky, Frank-Peter T1 - Novel Processing Techniques for gamma-TiAl Alloys T2 - Materials Science Forum Y1 - 2011 SN - 1662-9752 IS - 690 SP - 145 EP - 148 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stark, Andreas A1 - Oehring, Michael A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Schreyer, Andreas T1 - In Situ Observation of Various Phase Transformation Paths in Nb-Rich TiAl Alloys during Quenching with Different Rates T2 - Advanced Engineering Materials Y1 - 2011 SN - 1527-2648 VL - 18 IS - 8 SP - 700 EP - 704 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Neumeier, Steffen A1 - Dinkel, Michael A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Göken, Mathias T1 - Nanoindentation and XRD investigations of single crystalline Ni-Ge brazed nickel-base superalloys PWA 1483 and René N5 T2 - Materials Science and Engineering A Y1 - 2011 SN - 1873-4936 IS - 528 SP - 815 EP - 822 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sänn, Alexander A1 - Krimmling, Jana A1 - Baier, Daniel A1 - Ni, Ming T1 - Lead User Intelligence for Complex Product Development – the Case of Industrial IT-Security Solutions T2 - International Journal of Technology Intelligence and Planning N2 - Nowadays, the lead user method is a state of the art method used to generate breakthrough innovations for the new product development. Since the lead user method was successfully applied in generating simple products for business-to-business environments, the contribution of lead users in a complex product environment is highly controversial. This research adopts this to generate future complex IT-security solutions for business-to-business environments in the energy sector. The combined approach of lead user intelligence and voice of the customer techniques is expected to lower the risk of an unreliable product development and to fasten the lead user method. The empirical findings show an appropriate lead user method fitting small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) restricted resources and requirements of effective research and development processes in a high-technology environment. It further enables SMEs to specify and parameterise future products according to reliable and user verified data within development processes. KW - new product development KW - voice of the customer KW - lead user method KW - supervisory control KW - breakthrough innovation KW - complex products KW - technology intelligence KW - business-to-business KW - small and medium-sized enterprises KW - research and development Y1 - 2013 SN - 1740-2840 SN - 1740-2832 VL - 9 IS - 3 SP - 232 EP - 249 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meinikmann, Karin A1 - Barsch, Antje A1 - Gelbrecht, Jörg A1 - Grüneberg, Björn A1 - Wanner, Susanne A1 - Wolf, Leif A1 - Zak, Dominik A1 - Lewandowski, Jörg T1 - Diffuse Belastung von Seen aus dem Einzugsgebiet T2 - Korrespondenz Wasserwirtschaft Y1 - 2013 VL - 6 IS - 12 SP - 702 EP - 709 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dietze, Eckhard A1 - Schmidt, Heiko A1 - Stevens, Bjorn A1 - Mellado, Juan Pedro T1 - Controlling entrainment in the smoke cloud using level set-based front tracking T2 - Meteorologische Zeitschrift N2 - Although large-eddy simulation (LES) has been shown to produce a reasonable representation of the turbulent circulations within the stratocumulus-topped boundary layer, it has difficulties to accurately predict cloud-top entrainment rates. In this paper, we present a front-tracking algorithm for LES to untangle the numerical and physical contributions to entrainment. Instead of resolving the cloud-top inversion, we treat it as a discontinuity separating the boundary layer from the free atmosphere and use the level set method to track its location. We apply our method to the smoke cloud test case as presented by BRETHERTON et al. (1999) which is simpler than stratocumulus in that it is only driven by radiative cooling avoiding evaporative feedbacks on entrainment. We present three-dimensional LES results with and without use of the level set method varying the grid resolution and the flux limiter. With the level set method, we prescribe zero entrainment and use this case to evaluate our method’s ability to maintain a non-entraining smoke-cloud layer. We use an empirically-based entrainment law to estimate numerical errors. With the level set method, the prescribed entrainment rate was maintained with errors about one order of magnitude smaller than the entrainment errors found in the standard LES. At the same time, the dependence of the entrainment errors on the choice of the limiter was reduced by more than a factor of 10. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1127/metz/2014/0595 VL - 23 IS - 6 SP - 661 EP - 674 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mehnert, Grit A1 - Rücker, Jacqueline A1 - Wiedner, Claudia T1 - Population dynamics and akinete formation of an invasive and a native cyanobacterium in temperate lakes T2 - Journal of plankton research KW - life cycle Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbt122 SN - 0142-7873 VL - 36 IS - 2 SP - 378 EP - 387 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schneider, Ulrich A1 - Drust, Manuel A1 - Ansaloni, Matteo A1 - Lehmann, Christian A1 - Pelliciari, Marcello A1 - Leali, Francesco A1 - Gunnink, Jan Willem A1 - Verl, Alexander T1 - Improving robotic machining accuracy through experimental error investigation and modular compensation T2 - International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-014-6021-2 SN - 0268-3768 VL - 85 IS - 1-4 SP - 3 EP - 15 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berger, Wolfram A1 - De Vita, Glauco T1 - Forward guidance: New monetary policy instrument or esoteric fad? T2 - Public Money & Management Y1 - 2015 SN - 0954-0962 VL - 35 IS - 4 SP - 289 EP - 296 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Poplawski, Karoline A1 - Lichtenberger, Janine A1 - Keil, Frerich J. A1 - Schnitzlein, Klaus A1 - Amiridis, Michael D. T1 - Catalytic oxidation of 1,2-dichlorobenzene over ABO3-type perovskites T2 - Catalysis Today KW - Dichlorobenzene KW - Oxidation KW - PCDD/ PCDF KW - Perovskites Y1 - 2000 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0920-5861(00)00434-X SN - 0920-5861 VL - 62 IS - 4 SP - 329 EP - 336 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berger, Wolfram A1 - Kißmer, Friedrich T1 - Optimal interest rate policy during asset price booms: The mirage of ‘benign neglect’ T2 - Economics Letters Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2008.08.025 SN - 0165-1765 VL - 101 IS - 3 SP - 265 EP - 267 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berger, Wolfram T1 - Monetary policy rules and the exchange rate T2 - Journal of Macroeconomics Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmacro.2007.05.003 SN - 0164-0704 VL - 30 IS - 3 SP - 1064 EP - 1084 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berger, Wolfram T1 - Monetary Policy Rules for a Small Open Economy T2 - Economic Notes Y1 - 2008 SN - 1468-0300 VL - 37 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 30 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berger, Wolfram A1 - Kißmer, Friedrich T1 - Why Do Monetary Policymakers Lean With the Wind During Asset Price Booms? T2 - Frontiers in Finance & Economics Y1 - 2009 SN - 1814-2044 VL - 6 IS - 1 SP - 155 EP - 174 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berger, Wolfram A1 - Battenfeld, Dirk T1 - Preispolitik und Hedging bei Ungewißheit T2 - Betriebswirtschaftliche Forschung und Praxis Y1 - 2008 SN - 0340-5370 VL - 60 IS - 3 SP - 197 EP - 209 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Buchholz, Ina von A1 - Schnitzlein, Klaus T1 - Experimentelle Bestimmung von VLE-Daten mittels dynamischer Differenzialkalorimetrie T2 - Chemie Ingenieur Technik Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cite.200750198 SN - 0009-286X VL - 79 IS - 9 SP - 1474 EP - 1475 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shahirpour, Amir A1 - Herzog, Nicoleta A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Towards CFD Modeling of Carbon Dioxide Turbulent Pipe Line Transportation T2 - Energy Procedia Y1 - 2013 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S187661021301641X UR - 1876-6102 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2013.08.047 VL - 40 SP - 408 EP - 417 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berger, Wolfram A1 - Pickhardt, Michael A1 - Pitsoulis, Athanassios A1 - Prinz, Aloys A1 - Sarda, Jordi T1 - The hard shadow of the Greek economy: new estimates of the size of the underground economy and its fiscal impact T2 - Applied Economics Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2014.896984 SN - 0003-6846 VL - 46 IS - 18 SP - 2190 EP - 2204 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berger, Wolfram A1 - Kißmer, Friedrich T1 - Central bank independence and financial stability: A tale of perfect harmony? T2 - European Journal of Political Economy Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2013.04.004 SN - 0176-2680 VL - 31 SP - 109 EP - 118 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berger, Wolfram A1 - Kißmer, Friedrich T1 - Monetary Policy and Asset Prices: When Cleaning Up Hits the Zero Lower Bound T2 - Swiss Journal of Economics and Statistics Y1 - 2013 SN - 0303-9692 VL - 149 IS - 3 SP - 291 EP - 312 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berger, Wolfram A1 - Knütter, Rolf T1 - The ECB in an Enlarged Monetary Union: How to Reform the Rotation Scheme T2 - Journal of Economic and Social Policy Y1 - 2012 SN - 1325-2224 VL - 15 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 24 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Downes, Nigel K. A1 - Storch, Harry T1 - Current Constraints and Future Directions for Risk Adapted Land-Use Planning Practices in the High-Density Asian Setting of Ho Chi Minh City T2 - Planning Practice and Research N2 - The need to integrate adaptation efforts into land-use planning policies has been only recently recognised in Ho Chi Minh City, where only the very latest planning guidance addresses both flooding resilience and the mitigation of urban heat. This paper outlines the development contexts and the current barriers for adapted land-use planning within the city. The key challenge is how to affectively guide and influence the mainly individual developer driven urban development within a land-use planning system which aims to spatially and explicitly communicate the important functions and services of open and natural non built-up urban spaces. As the implementation of more spatially explicit non-structural adaptation measures is in strong contrast to the current market driven private and short-term developer interests, the main development trajectories are questioned and synergies identified. KW - climate change, adaptation, urban land-use planning, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Y1 - 2014 UR - http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02697459.2014.929835#.VEUKMfmUd1Y U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/02697459.2014.929835 SN - 1360-0583 VL - 29 IS - 3 SP - 220 EP - 237 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tallarida, Massimo A1 - Das, Chittaranjan A1 - Cibrev, Dejan A1 - Kukli, Kaupo A1 - Tamm, Aile A1 - Ritala, Mikko A1 - Lana-Villarreal, Teresa A1 - Gómez, Roberto A1 - Leskelä, Markku A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Modification of Hematite Electronic Properties with Trimethyl Aluminum to Enhance the Efficiency of Photoelectrodes T2 - The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters N2 - The electronic properties of hematite were investigated by means of synchrotron radiation photoemission (SR-PES) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). Hematite samples were exposed to trimethyl aluminum (TMA) pulses, a widely used Al-precursor for the atomic layer deposition (ALD) of Al2O3. SR-PES and XAS showed that the electronic properties of hematite were modified by the interaction with TMA. In particular, the hybridization of O 2p states with Fe 3d and Fe 4s4p changed upon TMA pulses due to electron inclusion as polarons. The change of hybridization correlates with an enhancement of the photocurrent density due to water oxidation for the hematite electrodes. Such an enhancement has been associated with an improvement in charge carrier transport. Our findings open new perspectives for the understanding and utilization of electrode modifications by very thin ALD films and show that the interactions between metal precursors and substrates seem to be important factors in defining their electronic and photoelectrocatalytic properties. KW - Hematite KW - Atomic Layer deposition KW - Photoelectrode KW - electro-catalysis KW - TMA KW - efficiency enhancement Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/jz501751w VL - 5 IS - 20 SP - 3582 EP - 3587 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Köhler, Ekkehard A1 - Strehler, Martin T1 - Combining Static and Dynamic Models for Traffic Signal Optimization Inherent Load-dependent Travel Times in a Cyclically Time-expanded Network Model T2 - Procedia - Social and Behavioral Science Y1 - 2012 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877042812042899 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.09.827 SN - 1877-0428 VL - 54 SP - 1125 EP - 1134 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dinkel, Michael A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - May, Johannes A1 - Höppel, Heinz Werner A1 - Göken, Mathias T1 - XRD profile analysis characterization of ultrafine grained Al-Mg alloys T2 - Journal of Materials Science Y1 - 2008 SN - 1573-4803 VL - 43 IS - 23-24 SP - 7481 EP - 7487 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Thong, Nhat Tran T1 - Along Road Height Interpolation Based on Discrete Elevation Points T2 - Journal of Earth Science and Engineering N2 - The simulating exactly compared with realty of ground surface to run a model is more and more highly required. In the real, terrain of the earth surface is always complicated by the natural and human made ground objects. Because of limitation of collecting and storing technologies in the past time, data are usually not detailed so that the data can not be full for the simulation. Besides computing power and simulation increase more day by day, the increasing requirements more detailed of topography surface simulation is a demand. In simulated flooding phenomenon or phenomena related to energy and momentum of water flow, the linear objects of ground surface such as roads, dikes, dams, etc. need to have their vertical dimension along continuously. However, these datas have often no height information alternately, there are only discrete elevation points that are extracted from topographic maps. Consequently, the demand of a suitable method for linear objects height interpolation is necessary. This paper aims to provide a method and evaluate its accuracy to meet this requirement. KW - Height interpolation, GIS, road interpolation, discrete elevation points Y1 - 2012 UR - www.davidpublishing.com/DownLoad/?id=10655 SN - 2159-581X IS - 2 SP - 691 EP - 695 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seidel, Michael A1 - Mutz, Michael T1 - Hydromorphologische Entwicklung von Tieflandbächen durch Holzeinsatz - Vergleich von Einbauvarianten im Ruhlander Schwarzwasser T2 - Hydrologie und Wasserbewirtschaftung KW - Tieflandbäche KW - Holzeinsatz Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5675/HyWa_2012,3_3 VL - 56 IS - 3 SP - 126 EP - 134 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Risse-Buhl, Ute A1 - Trefzger, N. A1 - Seifert, A.-G. A1 - Schönborn, Wilfried A1 - Gleixner, G. A1 - Küsel, Kirsten T1 - Tracking the autochthonous carbon transfer in stream biofilm food webs T2 - FEMS Microbiology Ecology KW - biofilm Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2011.01202.x SN - 1574-6941 VL - 79 IS - 1 SP - 118 EP - 131 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ramm, Jessica A1 - Lupu, Achsa A1 - Hadas, Ora A1 - Ballot, Andreas A1 - Rücker, Jacqueline A1 - Wiedner, Claudia A1 - Sukenik, Assaf T1 - A CARD-FISH protocol for the identification and enumeration of cyanobacterial akinetes in lake sediments T2 - FEMS Microbiology Ecology KW - cyanobacteria KW - Akineten Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2012.01401.x SN - 1574-6941 VL - 82 IS - 1 SP - 23 EP - 26 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Downes, Nigel K. A1 - Storch, Harry A1 - Thanh Le, Hoa T1 - Understanding the settlement patterns of Ho Chi Minh City as a key for adaptation to climate change T2 - Aachener Geographische Arbeiten Y1 - 2013 SN - 0587-4068 VL - 50 SP - 45 EP - 68 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Johansen, Tom K. A1 - Rudolph, Matthias A1 - Jensen, Thomas A1 - Kraemer, Tomas A1 - Weimann, Nils A1 - Schnieder, Frank A1 - Krozer, Viktor A1 - Heinrich, Wolfgang T1 - Small- and large-signal modeling of InP HBTs in transferred-substrate technology T2 - International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/S1759078714000051 VL - 6 IS - 3-4 SP - 243 EP - 251 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte A1 - Rücker, Jacqueline A1 - Dolman, Andrew M. A1 - Wiedner, Claudia A1 - Hilt, Sabine A1 - Kasprzak, Peter A1 - Köhler, Antje A1 - Weyer, Klaus van de A1 - Sandrock, Stephan A1 - Scharf, Eva-Maria A1 - Willmitzer, Hartmut T1 - Prozessverständnis als Grundlage für die Gewässerbewirtschaftung – Fallbeispiele für Limitation, Konkurrenz, Gewässerstruktur und Nahrungsnetzsteuerung T2 - Korrespondenz Wasserwirtschaft KW - Gewässerbewirtschaftung Y1 - 2013 SN - 1865-9926 VL - 6 IS - 12 SP - 693 EP - 701 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Risse-Buhl, Ute A1 - Herrmann, Martina A1 - Lange, Patricia A1 - Akob, Denise M. A1 - Pizani, Natalia A1 - Schönborn, Wilfried A1 - Totsche, Kai Uwe A1 - Küsel, Kirsten T1 - Phagotrophic protist diversity in the groundwater of a karstified aquifer - morphological and molecular analysis T2 - Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/jeu.12054 SN - 1550-7408 VL - 60 IS - 5 SP - 467 EP - 479 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Risse-Buhl, Ute A1 - Felsmann, Katja A1 - Mutz, Michael T1 - Colonization dynamics of ciliate morphotypes modified by shifting sandy sediments T2 - European Journal of Protistology KW - Ciliophora Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejop.2014.03.006 SN - 0932-4739 VL - 50 IS - 4 SP - 345 EP - 355 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shatwell, Tom A1 - Jordan, Sylvia A1 - Ackermann, Gerald A1 - Dokulil, Martin A1 - Rücker, Jacqueline A1 - Scharf, Wilfried A1 - Wagner, Annekatrin A1 - Kasprzak, Peter T1 - Langzeitbeobachtungen zum Einfluss von Klimawandel und Eutrophierung auf Seen und Talsperren in Deutschland T2 - Korrespondenz Wasserwirtschaft KW - Eutrophierung KW - Klimawandel Y1 - 2013 SN - 1865-9926 VL - 6 IS - 12 SP - 729 EP - 736 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bauer, A. A1 - Neumeier, Steffen A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Göken, Mathias T1 - Microstructure and creep strength of different γ/γ'- strengthened Co-base superalloy variants T2 - Scripta Materialia Y1 - 2010 SN - 1359-6462 VL - 63 IS - 12 SP - 1197 EP - 1200 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jabbar, Houria A1 - Monchoux, Jean-Philippe A1 - Houdellier, Florent A1 - Dollé, Mickaël A1 - Schimansky, Frank-Peter A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Thomas, Marc A1 - Couret, Alain T1 - Microstructure and mechanical properties of high niobium containing TiAl alloys elaborated by Spark Plasma Sintering T2 - Intermetallics Y1 - 2010 SN - 0966-9795 VL - 18 IS - 12 SP - 2312 EP - 2321 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weidner, Anja A1 - Amberger, Dorothea A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Schönbauer, Bernd A1 - Stanzl-Tschegg, Stefanie A1 - Mughrabi, Hael T1 - Fatigue damage in copper polycrystals subjected to ultrahigh-cycle fatigue below the PSB threshold T2 - International Journal of Fatigue Y1 - 2010 SN - 0142-1123 VL - 32 IS - 6 SP - 872 EP - 878 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lu, Z. A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Biermann, H. A1 - Mughrabi, Hael T1 - CBED study of local strain distribution in gamma and gamma' phases of a crept Ni base superalloy T2 - Acta Metallurgica Sinica - Chinese edition Y1 - 2006 VL - 42 IS - 7 SP - 694 EP - 698 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Devrient, B. A1 - Neuner, F. C. A1 - Mughrabi, Hael T1 - The influence of different alloying elements on the development of the gamma/gamma' microstructure of nickel-base superalloys during high-temperature annealing and deformation T2 - Acta Materialia Y1 - 2005 SN - 1359-6454 VL - 53 IS - 14 SP - 3879 EP - 3891 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Volek, Andreas A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Singer, Robert F. A1 - Mughrabi, Hael T1 - Partitioning of Re between gamma and gamma' phase in nickel-base superalloys T2 - Scripta Materialia Y1 - 2005 VL - 52 IS - 2 SP - 141 EP - 145 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lu, Zheng A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Krämer, S. A1 - Biermann, H. A1 - Mughrabi, Hael T1 - Fast and reliable evaluation of lattice distortions from convergent-beam electron diffraction patterns T2 - The philosophical magazine Y1 - 2003 SN - 1478-6443 VL - 83 IS - 20 SP - 2383 EP - 2397 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lu, Z. A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Biermann, H. A1 - Mughrabi, Hael T1 - Measurement of local elastic strains in the single-crystal nickel-based superalloy CMSX-6 by convergent-beam electron diffraction T2 - Philosophical Magazine A Y1 - 2002 VL - 82 IS - 6 SP - 1219 EP - 1234 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Großmann, Berthold von A1 - Biermann, H. A1 - Tetzlaff, Ulrich A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Mughrabi, Hael T1 - Measurement of the local elastic strains in Aged Monocrystalline Nickel Base Superalloys by CBED T2 - Scripta Materialia Y1 - 2000 SN - 1359-6462 VL - 43 IS - 9 SP - 859 EP - 864 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sachse, René A1 - Petzoldt, Thomas A1 - Blumstock, Maria A1 - Moreira, Santiago A1 - Pätzig, Marlene A1 - Rücker, Jacqueline A1 - Janse, Jan H. A1 - Mooij, Wolf M. A1 - Hilt, Sabine T1 - Extending one-dimensional models for deep lakes to simulate the impact of submerged macrophytes on water quality T2 - Environmental Modelling & Software KW - Makrophyten KW - deep lakes Y1 - 2014 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364815214001625 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.05.023 SN - 1364-8152 VL - 61 SP - 410 EP - 423 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dressler, Daniel A1 - Strehler, Martin T1 - Polynomial-Time Algorithms for Special Cases of the Maximum Confluent Flow Problem T2 - Discrete Applied Mathematics Y1 - 2014 SN - 0166-218X VL - 163 IS - 2 SP - 142 EP - 154 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Neumeier, Steffen A1 - Göken, Mathias T1 - Temperature Dependence of Element Partitioning in Rhenium and Ruthenium Bearing Nickel-Base Superalloys T2 - Materials Science and Engineering A Y1 - 2010 SN - 1873-4936 IS - 527 SP - 7939 EP - 7943 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Neumeier, Steffen A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Göken, Mathias T1 - Influence of Rhenium and Ruthenium on Local Mechanical Properties of Nickel-Base Superalloys T2 - Philosophical Magazine A Y1 - 2011 SN - 1478-6443 VL - 91 IS - 33 SP - 4187 EP - 4199 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gebhard, Susanne A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Göken, Mathias T1 - Microstructural and Micromechanical Characterisation of TiAl Alloys Using Atomic Force Microscopy and Nanoindentation T2 - Materials Science and Engineering A Y1 - 2010 SN - 1873-4936 IS - 523 SP - 235 EP - 241 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Li A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Zhang, Jian A1 - Singer, Robert F. T1 - On the role of eutectics during recrystallization in a single crystal nickel-base superalloy - CMSX-4 T2 - International Journal of Materials Research Y1 - 2009 SN - 2195-8556 VL - 100 IS - 8 SP - 1046 EP - 1051 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Neumeier, Steffen A1 - Göken, Mathias T1 - Change of Internal Stress and Strain States in Nickel-Base Superalloys during Creep Deformation T2 - Materials Science and Engineering A Y1 - 2009 SN - 1873-4936 IS - 510-511 SP - 295 EP - 300 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rettig, Ralf A1 - Heckl, Astrid A1 - Neumeier, Steffen A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Göken, Mathias A1 - Singer, Robert F. T1 - Verification of a commercial CALPHAD database for Re and Ru containing nickel-base superalloys T2 - Defect and Diffusion Forum Y1 - 2009 SN - 1662-9507 IS - 289-292 SP - 101 EP - 108 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dolman, Andrew M. A1 - Rücker, Jacqueline A1 - Pick, Francis A1 - Fastner, Jutta A1 - Rohrlack, Thomas A1 - Mischke, Ute A1 - Wiedner, Claudia T1 - Cyanobacteria and Cyanotoxins: The Influence of Nitrogen versus Phosphorus T2 - PLoS ONE KW - cyanobacteria Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0038757 VL - 7 IS - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Frossard, Aline A1 - Gerull, Linda A1 - Mutz, Michael A1 - Gessner, Mark O. T1 - Fungal importance extends beyond litter decomposition in experimental early-successional streams T2 - Environmental Microbiology KW - streams Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2012.02865.x SN - 1462-2920 VL - 14 IS - 11 SP - 2971 EP - 2983 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kupisch, Moritz A1 - Moenickes, Sylvia A1 - Schlief, Jeanette A1 - Frassl, Marieke A1 - Richter, Otto T1 - Temperature-dependent consumer-resource dynamics: a coupled structured model for Gammarus pulex (L.) and leaf litter T2 - Ecological Modelling Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2012.07.037 VL - 247 SP - 157 EP - 167 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Moenickes, Sylvia A1 - Frassl, Marieke A1 - Schlief, Jeanette A1 - Kupisch, Moritz A1 - Mutz, Michael A1 - Suhling, Frank A1 - Richter, Otto T1 - Temporal patterns of populations in a warming world: a modelling framework T2 - Marine Biology Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-012-1996-4 VL - 159 IS - 11 SP - 2605 EP - 2620 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Helbron, Hendrike A1 - Schmidt, Michael A1 - Glasson, John A1 - Downes, Nigel K. T1 - Indicators for strategic environmental assessment in regional land use planning to assess conflicts with adaptation to global climate change T2 - Ecological Indicators N2 - The paper presents the use of indicators in a site-specific assessment method for strategic environmental assessment in regional land use planning (here: SEA-REP). It is explained with the example of the state of environment indicator ‘LUCCA 4—Urban Areas at Risk of Flooding’, how SEA as a decision-aiding instrument can contribute to the prevention of conflicts with policy for adaptation to climate change. The method begins with the determination of impact factors for SEA. In the presented study, the physical impact factors of land consumption, land use change, and directed flooding were recognised. A core problem during the selection of indicators for land uses for the adaptation to climate change (here: LUCCA) and the derivation of assessment thresholds was a lack of region-wide policy objectives for the protection of land and resources. Therefore, in a second step, regional environmental orientation objectives were derived from national and EU environmental policy. A standard method for the selection of LUCCA indicators and the derivation of assessment thresholds for conflict analysis is described. Three classes of conflict classification for regional plan designations on the individual site are proposed. It is recommended that future adaptation measures of regional land use planning should be designations of specific land uses as priority areas for urban areas prone to flood risk. KW - Strategic environmental assessment; Site-specific assessment method; State of environment indicators; Regional environmental orientation objectives; Adaptation to climate change Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2009.06.016 SN - 1470-160X VL - 11 IS - 1 SP - 90 EP - 95 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pätzig, Marlene A1 - Kalettka, Thomas A1 - Glemnitz, Michael A1 - Berger, Gert T1 - What governs macrophyte species richness in kettle hole types? A case study from Northeast Germany T2 - Limnologica KW - ponds KW - Depressional wetlands Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.limno.2012.07.004 SN - 0075-9511 VL - 42 IS - 2 SP - 340 EP - 354 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Uhlich, Stefan A. A1 - Mißler-Behr, Magdalena T1 - Founding Awareness at Universities - An Empirical Comparison of Different Entrepreneurship Courses T2 - Industry & Higher Education Y1 - 2013 SN - 0950-4222 VL - 27 IS - 5 SP - 365 EP - 374 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ballot, Andreas A1 - Ramm, Jessica A1 - Rundberget, Thomas A1 - Kaplan-Levy, Ruth N. A1 - Hadas, Ora A1 - Sukenik, Assaf A1 - Wiedner, Claudia T1 - Occurrence of non-cylindrospermopsin-producing Aphanizomenon ovalisporum and Anabaena bergii strains in Lake Kinneret (Israel) T2 - Journal of plankton research KW - cylindrospermopsin Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbr071 SN - 0142-7873 SN - 1464-3774 VL - 33 IS - 11 SP - 1736 EP - 1746 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cirés, Samuel A1 - Wörmer, Lars A1 - Timón, Jesus A1 - Wiedner, Claudia A1 - Quesada, Antonio T1 - Cylindrospermopsin production and release by the potentially invasive cyanobacterium Aphanizomenon ovalisporum under temperature and light gradients T2 - Harmful Algae KW - cylindrospermopsin KW - Invasive Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2011.05.002 SN - 1568-9883 VL - 10 IS - 6 SP - 668 EP - 675 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Frossard, Aline A1 - Gerull, Linda A1 - Mutz, Michael A1 - Gessner, Mark O. T1 - Disconnect of microbial structure and function: enzyme activities and bacterial communities in nascent stream corridors T2 - The ISME Journal KW - bacterial community structure KW - stream sediment Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2011.134 SN - 1751-7362 VL - 6 SP - 680 EP - 691 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gerull, Linda A1 - Frossard, Aline A1 - Gessner, Mark O. A1 - Mutz, Michael T1 - Variability of heterotrophic metabolism in small stream corridors of an early successional watershed T2 - Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences KW - Benthic processes Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JG001516 SN - 2169-8961 VL - 116 IS - G2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gerull, Linda A1 - Frossard, Aline A1 - Gessner, Mark O. A1 - Mutz, Michael T1 - Effects of shallow and deep sediment disturbance on whole-stream metabolism in experimental sand-bed flumes T2 - Hydrobiologia KW - Whole-stream metabolism KW - San-bed streams Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-011-0968-x SN - 0018-8158 SN - 1573-5117 VL - 683 IS - 1 SP - 297 EP - 310 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grüneberg, Björn A1 - Rücker, Jacqueline A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte A1 - Behrendt, Horst T1 - Dilemma of Non-Steady State in Lakes - Development and Predictability of In-Lake P Concentration in Dimictic Lake Scharmützelsee (Germany) after Abrupt Load Reduction T2 - International Review of Hydrobiology KW - Eutrophication KW - sediment Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/iroh.201111287 SN - 1522-2632 VL - 96 IS - 5 SP - 599 EP - 621 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jöhnk, Klaus D. A1 - Brüggemann, Rainer A1 - Rücker, Jacqueline A1 - Luther, Bernhard A1 - Simon, Ute A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte A1 - Wiedner, Claudia T1 - Modelling life cycle and population dynamics of Nostocales (cyanobacteria) T2 - Environmental Modelling and Software KW - Nostocales Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2010.11.001 SN - 1364-8152 VL - 26 IS - 5 SP - 669 EP - 677 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Moreira, Santiago A1 - Boehrer, Bertram A1 - Schultze, Martin A1 - Dietz, Severine A1 - Samper, Javier T1 - Modelling geochemically caused permanent stratification in Lake Waldsee (Germany) T2 - Aquatic Geochemistry KW - meromictic lake KW - stratification Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10498-011-9133-4 SN - 1380-6165 SN - 1573-1421 VL - 17 IS - 3 SP - 265 EP - 280 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Graner, Marc A1 - Mißler-Behr, Magdalena T1 - Key determinants of the successful adoption of new product development methods T2 - European Journal of Innovation Management Y1 - 2013 SN - 1460-1060 VL - 13 IS - 3 SP - 301 EP - 316 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schlief, Jeanette A1 - Mutz, Michael T1 - Leaf decay processes during and after a supra-seasonal hydrological drought in a temperate lowland stream T2 - International Review of Hydrobiology KW - climate change KW - microbial activity Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/iroh.201111322 SN - 1522-2632 VL - 96 IS - 6 SP - 633 EP - 655 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Graner, Marc A1 - Mißler-Behr, Magdalena T1 - Method Application in New Product Development and the Impact on Cross-Functional Collaboration and New Product Success T2 - International Journal of Innovation Management Y1 - 2014 SN - 1363-9196 VL - 18 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 25 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Sarradj, Ennes A1 - Fritzsche, Christoph T1 - Silent Owl Flight: Comparative Acoustic Wind Tunnel Measurements on Prepared Wings T2 - Acta Acustica united with Acustica Y1 - 2013 SN - 1861-9959 VL - 99 IS - 1 SP - 139 EP - 153 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berger, Wolfram T1 - Dollarization of Liabilities, Fear of Floating and Optimal Exchange Rate Volatility T2 - Jahrbuch für Wirtschaftswissenschaften Y1 - 2003 VL - 54 IS - 3 SP - 301 EP - 322 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berger, Wolfram T1 - Die Ausbreitung von Währungskrisen T2 - Wirtschaftsdienst Y1 - 2001 VL - 81 IS - 6 SP - 358 EP - 363 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tursch, Philipp A1 - Steinberg, Falk A1 - Woll, Ralf T1 - Empfindungen des Kunden entschlüsselt - Produktentwicklung mithilfe emotionaler Kundenwahrnehmung T2 - Qualität und Zuverlässigkeit Y1 - 2013 SN - 0720-1214 VL - 58 IS - 7 SP - 32 EP - 35 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berger, Wolfram A1 - Wagner, Helmut T1 - Emerging Market-Krisen: Bekannte Modelle und neue Ansätze T2 - List-Forum für Wirtschafts- und Finanzpolitik Y1 - 2001 SN - 0342-2623 VL - 27 IS - 2 SP - 178 EP - 193 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Steinberg, Falk A1 - Woll, Ralf T1 - Application of AHP to support selection of difficult-to-quantify characteristics in New Product Development T2 - Total Quality Management & Business Excellence Y1 - 2013 SN - 1478-3363 VL - 24 IS - 7-8 SP - 797 EP - 810 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Battenfeld, Dirk A1 - Berger, Wolfram T1 - Booms und Busts an Aktivamärkten - Implikationen für die Zinspolitik T2 - Bankarchiv Y1 - 2007 SN - 1015-1516 VL - 55 IS - 5 SP - 379 EP - 384 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berger, Wolfram A1 - Kißmer, Friedrich A1 - Wagner, Helmut T1 - Monetary Policy and Asset Prices: More Bad News for Benign Neglect T2 - International Finance Y1 - 2007 SN - 1468-2362 VL - 10 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 20 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berger, Wolfram T1 - International Interdependence and the Welfare Effects of Monetary Policy T2 - International Review of Economics and Finance Y1 - 2006 SN - 1059-0560 VL - 15 IS - 4 SP - 399 EP - 416 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berger, Wolfram T1 - The Choice between Fixed and Flexible Exchange Rates: Which is Best for a Small Open Economy? T2 - Journal of Policy Modeling Y1 - 2006 SN - 0161-8938 VL - 28 IS - 4 SP - 371 EP - 385 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tursch, Philipp A1 - Steinberg, Falk A1 - Woll, Ralf T1 - A first step towards engineer-oriented adaption of the Repertory Grid Technique T2 - Total Quality Management & Business Excellence Y1 - 2014 SN - 1478-3363 VL - 25 IS - 7-8 SP - 734 EP - 749 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berger, Wolfram A1 - Wagner, Helmut T1 - Interdependent Expectations and the Spread of Currency Crises T2 - IMF Staff Papers Y1 - 2005 SN - 0020-8027 VL - 52 IS - 1 SP - 41 EP - 54 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Steinberg, Falk A1 - Kreiling, Kristoph A1 - Bömmels, Ralf T1 - Dem Hygieneempfinden auf der Spur - Messung emotionaler Kundenwahrnehmung mit Kansei Engineering T2 - Qualität und Zuverlässigkeit Y1 - 2014 SN - 0720-1214 IS - 59 SP - 26 EP - 32 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berger, Wolfram A1 - Wagner, Helmut T1 - Globalization, Financial Volatility and Monetary Policy T2 - Empirica Y1 - 2004 SN - 1573-6911 VL - 31 IS - 2 SP - 163 EP - 184 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Boulton, Andrew J. A1 - Datry, Thibault A1 - Kasahara, Tamao A1 - Mutz, Michael A1 - Stanford, Jack A. T1 - Ecology and management of the hyporheic zone: stream–groundwater interactions of running waters and their floodplains T2 - Journal of the North American Benthological Society KW - hyporheic zone Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1899/08-017.1 SN - 0887-3593 SN - 1937-237X VL - 29 IS - 1 SP - 26 EP - 40 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Elosegi, Arturo A1 - Diez, Joserra A1 - Mutz, Michael T1 - Effects of hydromorphological integrity on biodiversity and functioning of river ecosystems T2 - Hydrobiologia KW - river ecosystem Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-009-0083-4 SN - 0018-8158 SN - 1573-5117 VL - 657 IS - 1 SP - 199 EP - 215 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hilt, Sabine A1 - Henschke, Ingo A1 - Rücker, Jacqueline A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte T1 - Can submerged macrophytes influence turbidity and trophic state in deep lakes? Suggestions from a case study T2 - Journal of Environmental Quality KW - makrophytes Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2009.0122 SN - 0047-2425 SN - 1537-2537 VL - 39 IS - 2 SP - 725 EP - 733 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mehnert, Grit A1 - Leunert, Franziska A1 - Cirés, Samuel A1 - Jöhnk, Klaus D. A1 - Rücker, Jacqueline A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte A1 - Wiedner, Claudia T1 - Competitiveness of invasive and native cyanobacteria from temperate freshwaters under various light and temperature conditions T2 - Journal of Plankton Research KW - Cylindrospermopsis KW - climate change Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbq033 VL - 32 IS - 7 SP - 1009 EP - 1021 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hampicke, Maik A1 - Schadow, B. A1 - Roßdeutscher, W. A1 - Fellbaum, Klaus A1 - Boenick, U. T1 - Personennotrufsysteme auf der Basis menschlicher vital- und systemtechnischer Parameter in einer Smart-Home-Umgebung T2 - Biomedizinische Technik Y1 - 2002 VL - 47 IS - 11 SP - 278 EP - 284 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Eichner, Matthias A1 - Göcks, Marc-Steffen A1 - Hoffmann, Rüdiger A1 - Kühne, Matthias A1 - Wolff, Matthias T1 - Speech-enabled services in a web-based e-learning environment T2 - Advanced Technology for Learning Y1 - 2004 SN - 1710-2251 VL - 1 IS - 2 SP - 91 EP - 98 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte A1 - Uhlmann, Wilfried A1 - Lessmann, Dieter T1 - Potential for remediation of acidic mining lakes evaluated by hydrogeochemical modelling: Case study Grünewalder Lauch (Plessa 117, Lusatia/Germany) T2 - Limnologica - Ecology and Management of Inland Waters KW - Acidic lake KW - Remediation Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.limno.2009.12.005 SN - 0075-9511 VL - 40 IS - 2 SP - 167 EP - 174 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kramm, Ulrike Ingrid A1 - Lefèvre, Michel A1 - Bogdanoff, Peter A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Dodelet, Jean-Pol T1 - Analyzing Structural Changes of Fe-N-C Cathode Catalysts in PEM Fuel Cell by Mößbauer Spectroscopy of Complete Membrane-Electrode-Assemblies T2 - The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters N2 - The applicability of analyzing by Mößbauer spectroscopy the structural changes of Fe–N–C catalysts that have been tested at the cathode of membrane electrode assemblies in proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells is demonstrated. The Mößbauer characterization of powders of the same catalysts was recently described in our previous publication. A possible change of the iron species upon testing in fuel cell was investigated here by Mößbauer spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray cross-sectional imaging, and neutron activation analysis. Our results show that the absorption probability of γ rays by the iron nuclei in Fe–N–C is strongly affected by the presence of Nafion and water content. A detailed investigation of the effect of an oxidizing treatment (1.2 V) of the non-noble cathode in PEM fuel cell indicates that the observed activity decay is mainly attributable to carbon oxidation causing a leaching of active iron sites hosted in the carbon matrix. KW - iron-based catalyst KW - iron−nitrogen−carbon catalyst KW - non-noble metal catalyst KW - nonprecious metal catalyst KW - oxygen reduction reaction KW - ORR KW - polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell KW - PEM-FC KW - degradation Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/jz501955g SN - 1948-7185 VL - 2014 IS - 5 SP - 3750 EP - 3756 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Szakacs, Csaba E. A1 - Lefèvre, Michel A1 - Kramm, Ulrike Ingrid A1 - Dodelet, Jean-Pol A1 - Vidal, François T1 - A density functional theory study of catalytic sites for oxygen reduction in Fe/N/C catalysts used in H2/O2 fuel cells T2 - Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics N2 - The oxygen reduction catalytic activity of carbon-supported FeN4 moieties bridging micropores between two graphene sheets was investigated by density functional theory (DFT). Based on the FeN2+2/C structure proposed earlier by our group, two types of FeN2+2/C structures were considered: one mostly planar and one in which the Fe ion is significantly displaced out of the graphitic plane. A structure in which the FeN4 moiety is embedded in an extended graphene sheet (FeNpyri4/C) was also considered. In addition, we have investigated the influence of an axial pyridine group approaching the Fe centre. The formation energy is lowest for the planar FeN2+2/C structure. The overall downhill behaviour of the relative free energy vs. the reaction step suggests that most structures have catalytic activity near zero potential. This conclusion is further supported by calculations of the binding energies of adsorbed O2 and H2O and of the O–O bond lengths of adsorbed O2 and OOH. The side-on interaction of adsorbed O2 is preferred over the end-on interaction for the three basic structures without the axial pyridine. The pyridine coordination produces a stronger binding of O2 for the planar FeN2+2/C and the FeNpyri4/C structures as well as a dominant end-on interaction of O2. The energy levels of the planar FeN2+2/C structure with and without the pyridine ligand are nearly equal for iron spin states S = 1 and S = 2, suggesting that both configurations are formed with similar concentration during the preparation process, as also previously found for two of the iron sites by Mössbauer spectroscopy experiments. KW - density functional theory (DFT) KW - iron-based catalyst KW - iron−nitrogen−carbon catalyst KW - non-noble metal catalyst KW - oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) KW - polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEM-FC) Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/C3CP55331K SN - 1463-9076 SN - 1463-9084 VL - 2014 IS - 16 SP - 13654 EP - 13661 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stratmann, Lars A1 - Helbron, Hendrike A1 - Heiland, Stefan A1 - Schmidt, Michael T1 - Prüfmethodik und Bewertungsmaßstäbe für die SUP in der Regionalplanung T2 - UVP-Report N2 - Im Rahmen der Strategischen Unweltpruefung (SUP) ist, soweit erforderlich, eine grenzueberschreitende Beteiligung durchzufuehren. Bei dieser sind unterschiedliche administrative, rechtliche, planerische und kulturelle Rahmenbedingungen der beteiligten Staaten zu beruecksichtigen. Sie bedarf daher einer gruendlichen Vorbereitung sowie der Entwicklung geeigneter Verfahren, fuer die bisher kaum auf Beispiele und Erfahrungen zurueckgegriffen werden kann. Vor diesem Hintergrund wurde im INTERREG-Ill-A-Projekt "transSEA" am Beispiel der grenzueberschreitenden Beteiligung in der Regionalplanung zwischen Sachsen, Polen und Tschechien ein Verfahrensvorschlag entwickelt, der in diesem Beitrag vorgestellt wird. KW - Bewertung; Entwicklung; Gesetzgebung; Planung; Pruefverfahren; Regionalplanung; Umwelt; Umweltvertraeglichkeitspruefung; Verfahren; Verwaltung Y1 - 2006 SN - 0933-0690 VL - 20 IS - 5 SP - 229 EP - 235 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Helbron, Hendrike A1 - Meyer-Steinbrenner, Harry A1 - Schmidt, Michael A1 - Reinke, Markus T1 - Strategische Umweltprüfung für die Regionalplanung : Entwicklung eines transnationalen Prüf- und Verfahrenskonzeptes für Sachsen, Polen und Tschechien - ein Interreg-IIIa-Vorhaben der EU T2 - UVP-Report Y1 - 2005 SN - 0933-0690 VL - 19 IS - 1 SP - 35 EP - 37 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rücker, Jacqueline A1 - Tingwey, Emilienne Ingie A1 - Wiedner, Claudia A1 - Anu, Charles Mbunya A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte T1 - Impact of the inoculum size on the population of Nostocales cyanobacteria in a temperate lake T2 - Journal of Plankton Research KW - Nostocales KW - Cyanobacteria Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbp067 SN - 0142-7873 SN - 1464-3774 VL - 31 IS - 10 SP - 1151 EP - 1159 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vohmann, Andreas A1 - Mutz, Michael A1 - Arndt, Hartmut A1 - Weitere, Markus T1 - Grazing impact and phenology of the freshwater sponge Ephydatia muelleri and the bryozoans Plumatella emarginata and Fredericella sultana under experimental warming T2 - Freshwater Biology KW - bryozoans KW - global warming Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2008.02155.x SN - 1365-2427 VL - 54 IS - 5 SP - 1078 EP - 1092 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kasahara, Tamao A1 - Datry, Thibault A1 - Mutz, Michael A1 - Boulton, Andrew J. T1 - Treating causes not symptoms: restoration of surface-groundwater interactions in rivers T2 - Marine and Freshwater Research KW - Restoration Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1071/MF09047 SN - 1323-1650 VL - 60 IS - 9 SP - 976 EP - 981 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schlief, Jeanette A1 - Mutz, Michael T1 - Effect of sudden flow reduction on the decomposition of alder leaves (Alnus glutinosa [L.] Gaertn.) in a temperate lowland stream: a mesocosm study T2 - Hydrobiologia KW - Litter decomposition KW - Stream flow Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-008-9694-4 SN - 0018-8158 SN - 1573-5117 VL - 624 IS - 1 SP - 205 EP - 217 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lucke, Bernhard A1 - Shunnaq, Mohammed A1 - Walker, Bethany A1 - Shiyab, Atef A1 - Muḥaysin, Zaydūn A1 - al-Sababha, Hussein A1 - Bäumler, Rupert A1 - Schmidt, Michael T1 - Questioning Transjordan’s Historic Desertification: A Critical Review of the Paradigm of ‘Empty Lands’ T2 - Levant KW - climate change ; land degradation ; overgrazing ; abandonment ; Mystery Veil ; Abila of the Decapolis Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1179/175638012X13285409187955 VL - 44 IS - 1 SP - 101 EP - 126 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lucke, Bernhard A1 - Kemnitz, Helga A1 - Bäumler, Rupert A1 - Schmidt, Michael T1 - Red Mediterranean Soils in Jordan: New insights in their origin, genesis, and role as environmental archives T2 - Catena KW - Red Mediterranean Soil; Terra Rossa; Paleosol; Residue; Aeolian deposition; Isovolumetric replacement Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2013.04.006 VL - 112 SP - 4 EP - 24 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Boehrer, Bertram A1 - Dietz, Severine A1 - Rohden, Christoph von A1 - Kiwel, Uwe A1 - Jöhnk, Klaus D. A1 - Naujoks, Sandra A1 - Ilmberger, Johann A1 - Lessmann, Dieter T1 - Double diffusive deep water circulation in an iron-meromictic lake T2 - Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems KW - meromiktische Seen Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1029/2009GC002389 SN - 1525-2027 VL - 10 IS - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lucke, Bernhard A1 - Schmidt, Michael A1 - Bäumler, Rupert A1 - Al-Saad, Ziad T1 - Die Dekapolis-Region (Nordjordanien) als Beispiel für historische Desertifikation? T2 - Mitteilungen der Deutschen Bodenkundlichen Gesellschaft Y1 - 2005 VL - 107 IS - 1 SP - 379 EP - 380 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Michael A1 - Lucke, Bernhard A1 - Bäumler, Rupert A1 - Al-Saad, Ziad A1 - Al-Qudah, Bakr A1 - Hutcheon, Austin T1 - The Decapolis region (Northern Jordan) as historical example of desertification? Evidence from soil development and distribution T2 - Quaternary International Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2006.01.023 SN - 1040-6182 VL - 151 IS - 1 SP - 74 EP - 86 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Orendt, Claus A1 - Mischke, Ute A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte A1 - Brooks, S. T1 - Subfossil chironomids in shallow lakes of northern Germany T2 - Lauterbornia Y1 - 2009 VL - 68 SP - 59 EP - 70 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dietz, Severine A1 - Seebach, Anne A1 - Jöhnk, Klaus D. A1 - Boehrer, Bertram A1 - Knöller, Kay A1 - Lessmann, Dieter T1 - Meromixis in mining lake Waldsee, Germany: hydrological and geochemical aspects of stratification T2 - Verhandlungen des Internationalen Verein Limnologie KW - meromixis Y1 - 2008 VL - 30 IS - 3 SP - 485 EP - 488 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hofmann, Hilmar A1 - Knöller, Kay A1 - Lessmann, Dieter T1 - Mining lakes as groundwater-dominated hydrological systems: assessment of the water balance of Mining lake Plessa 117 (Lusatia, Germany) by using stable Isotopes T2 - Hydrological Processes KW - mining lakes Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.7071 SN - 1099-1085 VL - 22 IS - 23 SP - 4620 EP - 4627 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seebach, Anne A1 - Dietz, Severine A1 - Lessmann, Dieter A1 - Knöller, Kay T1 - Estimation of lake water - groundwater interactions in meromictic mining lakes by modelling isotope signatures of lake water T2 - Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies KW - Graig-gordon model KW - mining lakes Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/10256010801887513 SN - 1025-6016 SN - 1477-2639 VL - 44 IS - 1 SP - 99 EP - 110 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spyra, Simon A1 - Albrecht, Eike T1 - Zum ökologischen Rucksack und anderen Bilanzierungsinstrumenten T2 - Zeitschrift für Immissionsschutzrecht und Emissionshandel : I + E Y1 - 2014 SN - 2191-902X SN - 2191-3331 IS - 2 SP - 65 EP - 71 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Belyaeva, Maria A1 - Taylor, Derek J. T1 - Cryptic species within the Chydorus sphaericus species complex (Crustacea: Cladocera) revealed by molecular markers and sexual stage morphology T2 - Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2008.11.007 SN - 1055-7903 VL - 50 IS - 3 SP - 534 EP - 546 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krause, Lars T1 - Thermische Abfallverwertung im Lichte aktueller juristischer Entwicklungen T2 - AbfallR - Zeitschrift für das Recht der Abfallwirtschaft Y1 - 2010 SN - 2190-8125 SN - 1610-9376 IS - 01 SP - 29 EP - 39 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spyra, Simon T1 - Zu den Auswirkungen des EuGH-Urteils vom 21.12.2011 auf die Rechtmäßigkeit der Einbeziehung des internationalen Luftverkehrs in das europäische Emissionshandelssystem (EU ETS) T2 - Zeitschrift für Immissionsschutzrecht und Emissionshandel : I + E Y1 - 2012 SN - 2191-902X SN - 2191-3331 IS - 1 SP - 36 EP - 40 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spyra, Simon T1 - Zu den Wechselwirkungen der projektbasierten Generierung weißer Zertifikate im Hinblick auf die bekannten Marktmechanismen – Eine Chance für den europäischen Emissionshandel? T2 - Zeitschrift für Immissionsschutzrecht und Emissionshandel : I + E Y1 - 2012 SN - 2191-902X SN - 2191-3331 IS - 3 SP - 103 EP - 109 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spyra, Simon T1 - Zur historischen Entwicklung des internationalen Klimaschutzes : Teil 1 T2 - Zeitschrift für Immissionsschutzrecht und Emissionshandel : I + E Y1 - 2014 SN - 2191-902X SN - 2191-3331 IS - 4 SP - 175 EP - 183 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spyra, Simon T1 - Zur historischen Entwicklung des internationalen Klimaschutzes : Teil 2 T2 - Zeitschrift für Immissionsschutzrecht und Emissionshandel : I + E Y1 - 2012 SN - 2191-902X SN - 2191-3331 IS - 5 SP - 219 EP - 228 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Palekhov, Dmitry T1 - Правовое обеспечение обязательств Украины по применению механизма стратегической экологической оценки T1 - Legal support of Ukraine’s commitments on implementation of Strategic Environmental Assessment T2 - Scientific Bulletin of National Mining University KW - Strategic Environmental Assessment KW - Ukraine Y1 - 2004 UR - http://nvngu.in.ua/index.php/uk/arkhiv-zhurnalu/za-vipuskami/372-2004/963-zmist-soderzhanie-7-2004 SN - 2071-2227 SN - 2223-2362 VL - 2004 IS - 7 SP - 91 EP - 96 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fyson, Andrew A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte A1 - Kalin, M. T1 - The acidic lignite pit lakes of Germany - Microcosm experiments on acidity removal through controlled eutrophication T2 - Ecological Engineering KW - pit lakes KW - Acid mine drainage Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2006.06.012 SN - 0925-8574 VL - 28 IS - 3 SP - 288 EP - 295 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hämmerling, Ronny A1 - Rücker, Jacqueline A1 - Behrendt, Horst A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte T1 - Development of phosphorus input in Lake Scharmützelsee, Germany, and the changes in phosphorus balance T2 - Verhandlungen, International Association of Theoretical and Applied Limnology Y1 - 2006 SN - 0368-0770 VL - 29 IS - 3 SP - 1639 EP - 1641 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hofmann, Hilmar A1 - Lessmann, Dieter T1 - Hydrogeochemistry of groundwater seepage into an acidic mining lake T2 - Verhandlungen, International Association of Theoretical and Applied Limnology KW - acidic lake Y1 - 2006 SN - 0368-0770 VL - 29 IS - 3 SP - 1452 EP - 1456 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hünken, Andreas T1 - Resuspension of particulate organic matter in sand-bed lowland streams T2 - Archiv für Hydrobiologie KW - lowland streams Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1127/0003-9136/2006/0166-0169 SN - 0003-9136 VL - 166 IS - 2 SP - 169 EP - 183 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kleeberg, Andreas A1 - Schubert, Hendrik A1 - Koschorreck, Matthias A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte T1 - Abundance and primary production of filamentous green algae Zygogonium ericetorum in an extremly acid (pH 2.9) mining lake and its impact on alkalinity generation T2 - Freshwater Biology KW - carbon KW - Chlorophyta Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2006.01542.x SN - 1365-2427 VL - 51 IS - 5 SP - 925 EP - 937 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Launhardt, Andrea A1 - Rücker, Jacqueline A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte T1 - Control of seasonal phytoplankton dynamics in Lake Scharmützelsee (northeast Germany) by nutrient competition during winter T2 - Verhandlungen, International Association of Theoretical and Applied Limnology KW - Phytoplankton Y1 - 2006 SN - 0368-0770 VL - 29 IS - 3 SP - 1675 EP - 1678 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lessmann, Dieter A1 - Hofmann, Hilmar A1 - Beulker, Camilla A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte T1 - Effects of winter temperature on phytoplankton development in acidic mining lakes T2 - Verhandlungen, International Association of Theoretical and Applied Limnology KW - acidic lake KW - Phytoplankton Y1 - 2006 SN - 0368-0770 VL - 29 IS - 3 SP - 1423 EP - 1426 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Indra, Arindam A1 - Menezes, Prashanth W. A1 - Sahraie, Nastaran Ranjbar A1 - Bergmann, Arno A1 - Das, Chittaranjan A1 - Tallarida, Massimo A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Strasser, Peter A1 - Driess, Matthias T1 - Unification of Catalytic Water Oxidation and Oxygen Reduction Reactions: Amorphous Beat Crystalline Cobalt Iron Oxides T2 - Journal of the American Chemical Society N2 - Catalytic water splitting to hydrogen and oxygen is considered as one of the convenient routes for the sustainable energy conversion. Bifunctional catalysts for the electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are pivotal for the energy conversion and storage, and alternatively, the photochemical water oxidation in biomimetic fashion is also considered as the most useful way to convert solar energy into chemical energy. Here we present a facile solvothermal route to control the synthesis of amorphous and crystalline cobalt iron oxides by controlling the crystallinity of the materials with changing solvent and reaction time and further utilize these materials as multifunctional catalysts for the unification of photochemical and electrochemical water oxidation as well as for the oxygen reduction reaction. Notably, the amorphous cobalt iron oxide produces superior catalytic activity over the crystalline one under photochemical and electrochemical water oxidation and oxygen reduction conditions. KW - photochemical KW - electrochemical KW - catalyst KW - water oxidation reaction KW - oxygen reduction reaction KW - cobalt iron oxides KW - control of crytallinity Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/ja509348t SN - 1520-5126 SN - 0002-7863 VL - 2014 IS - 136 SP - 17530 EP - 17536 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fastner, Jutta A1 - Rücker, Jacqueline A1 - Stüken, Anke A1 - Preußel, Karina A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte A1 - Chorus, Ingrid A1 - Köhler, Antje A1 - Wiedner, Claudia T1 - Occurrence of the cyanobacterial toxin cylindrospermopsin in northeast Germany T2 - Environmental Toxicology KW - cylindrospermopsin KW - lakes Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/tox.20230 SN - 1522-7278 VL - 22 IS - 1 SP - 26 EP - 32 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grüneberg, Björn A1 - Kleeberg, Andreas T1 - Potential remobilization of phosphorus from acid mining lake sediments T2 - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta KW - acidic lake Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2007.06.016 SN - 0016-7037 VL - 71 IS - 15, Supplement SP - S. A 359 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hünken, Andreas A1 - Mutz, Michael T1 - Field studies on factors affecting very fine and ultra fine particulate organic matter deposition in low-gradient sand-bed streams T2 - Hydrological Processes KW - particle retention Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.6263 SN - 1099-1085 VL - 21 IS - 4 SP - 525 EP - 533 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hünken, Andreas A1 - Mutz, Michael T1 - On the ecology of the filter-feeding Neureclipsis bimaculata (Trichoptera, Polycentropodidae) in an acid and iron rich post-mining stream T2 - Hydrobiologia KW - Microdistribution Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-007-0735-1 SN - 0018-8158 SN - 1573-5117 VL - 592 IS - 1 SP - 135 EP - 150 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mutz, Michael A1 - Kalbus, Edda A1 - Meinecke, Stefan T1 - Effect of instream wood on vertical water flux in low-energy sand bed flume experiments T2 - Water Resources Research KW - groundwater–surface water interactions KW - hyporheic zone Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1029/2006WR005676 SN - 1944-7973 VL - 43 IS - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rücker, Jacqueline A1 - Stüken, Anke A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte A1 - Fastner, Jutta A1 - Chorus, Ingrid A1 - Wiedner, Claudia T1 - Concentrations of particulate and dissolved cylindrospermopsin in twenty-one Aphanizomenon dominated temperate lakes T2 - Toxicon KW - Freshwater ecology KW - Phytoplankton Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2007.06.019 SN - 0041-0101 VL - 50 IS - 6 SP - 800 EP - 809 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schlief, Jeanette A1 - Mutz, Michael T1 - Response of Aquatic Leaf Associated Microbial Communities to Elevated Leachate DOC: A Microcosm Study T2 - International Review of Hydrobiology KW - drought KW - stream fragmentation Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/iroh.20051095 SN - 1522-2632 VL - 92 IS - 2 SP - 146 EP - 155 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wiedner, Claudia A1 - Rücker, Jacqueline A1 - Brüggemann, Rainer A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte T1 - Climate change affects timing and size of populations of an invasive cyanobacterium in temperate regions T2 - Oecologia KW - Nostocales KW - Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-007-0683-5 SN - 0029-8549 SN - 1432-1939 VL - 152 IS - 3 SP - 473 EP - 484 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kober, Markus A1 - Kühhorn, Arnold A1 - Rademann, Jörg A1 - Mück, Bernhard T1 - Nonlinear topology optimization of centrifugally loaded aero-engine part with newly developed optimality-criteria based algorithm T2 - Aerospace Science and Technology N2 - In this paper a successful topology optimization of a centrifugally loaded aero-engine part is presented. For the topology optimization, which is a nonlinear problem due to several contact regions, a self-developed topology optimization algorithm in combination with a commercial FE-solver is used. The goal of the optimization was the reduction of stresses in the structure. ©2014 Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co. KG. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved. KW - Topology optimization KW - Optimality criteria KW - Aero-engine KW - Centrifugal loading Y1 - 2014 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1270963814001783 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ast.2014.09.005 VL - Vol. 39 SP - 705 EP - 711 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwidder, Sabine A1 - Schnitzlein, Klaus T1 - A new model for the design and analysis of trickle bed reactors T2 - Chemical Engineering Journal KW - Trickle bed KW - Multiscale analysis KW - Multiphase reactor Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2012.07.054 SN - 1385-8947 IS - 207-208 SP - 758 EP - 765 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schnitzlein, Klaus T1 - Modeling radial dispersion in terms of the local structure of packed beds. Part II: Discrete modeling approach T2 - Chemical Engineering Science KW - Packed bed KW - Mathematical modeling KW - Chemical reactors KW - Fluid mechanics KW - Transport processes Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2006.12.060 SN - 0009-2509 VL - 62 IS - 18-20 SP - 4944 EP - 4947 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Breitbach, H. A1 - Göttgens, J. A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Pitsch, H. A1 - Peters, Norbert T1 - Laminar Counterflow Mixing of Acetylene into Hot Combustion Products T2 - Symposium (International) on Combustion Y1 - 1994 SN - 0082-0784 VL - 25 IS - 1 SP - 1357 EP - 1364 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Marquard, M. A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Jungfleisch, B. A1 - Suntz, R. A1 - Bockhorn, Henning T1 - Re-initiation of Soot Surface Growth in Premixed Counterflow Flames T2 - Symposium (International) on Combustion Y1 - 1996 SN - 0082-0784 VL - 26 IS - 2 SP - 2343 EP - 2350 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Balthasar, M. A1 - Heyl, A. A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Schmitt, Frank A1 - Bockhorn, Henning T1 - Flamelet Modeling of Soot Formation in Laminar Ethylene Air Diffusion Flames T2 - Symposium (International) on Combustion Y1 - 1996 SN - 0082-0784 VL - 26 IS - 2 SP - 2369 EP - 2377 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bai, X. S. A1 - Fuchs, L. A1 - Balthasar, M. A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - Detailed Kinetic Soot Modeling in Turbulent Jet Diffusion Flames T2 - Symposium (International) on Combustion Y1 - 1998 SN - 0082-0784 VL - 27 IS - 2 SP - 1623 EP - 1630 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Le Lay, Yves-François A1 - Piégay, Hervé A1 - Gregory, Kenneth J. A1 - Chin, Anne A1 - Dolédec, Sylvain A1 - Elosegi, Arturo A1 - Mutz, Michael A1 - Wyzga, Bartlomiej A1 - Zawiejska, Joanna T1 - Variations in cross-cultural perception of riverscapes in relation to in-channel wood T2 - Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers Y1 - 2008 SN - 0020-2754 VL - 33 IS - 2 SP - 268 EP - 287 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Belyaeva, Maria A1 - Deneke, Rainer T1 - Colonization of acidic mining lakes: Chydorus sphaericus and other Cladocera within a dynamic horizontal pH gradient (pH 3−7) in Lake Senftenberger See (Germany) T2 - Hydrobiologia KW - Acidic stress Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-007-9082-5 SN - 0018-8158 SN - 1573-5117 VL - 594 IS - 1 SP - 97 EP - 108 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Palekhov, Dmitry A1 - Schmidt, Michael A1 - Shapar, Arkadi T1 - Main development steps of the modern European legislation in the field of environmental assessment T2 - Ecology and nature management : Collection of scientific papers of the Institute of Nature Management and Ecology Problems by the NAS of Ukraine Y1 - 2007 IS - 10 SP - 25 EP - 30 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Michael A1 - Pivnyak, Gennadiy A1 - Palekhov, Dmitry T1 - Reformation of regional management in Ukraine as compared to experience of Germany T2 - Scientific Bulletin of the National Mining University Y1 - 2006 SN - 2071-2227 IS - 5 SP - 9 EP - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Piégay, Hervé A1 - Gregory, Kenneth J. A1 - Bondarev, Valery A1 - Dahlstrom, Niklas A1 - Elosegi, Arturo A1 - Gregory, Stanley V. A1 - Joshi, Veena A1 - Mutz, Michael A1 - Rinaldi, Massimo A1 - Wyzga, Bartlomiej A1 - Zawiejska, Joanna T1 - Public Perception as a Barrier to Introducing Wood in Rivers for Restoration Purposes T2 - Environmental Management KW - Restoration Y1 - 2005 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-004-0092-z SN - 0364-152X SN - 1432-1009 VL - 36 IS - 5 SP - 665 EP - 574 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Oyegbile, Benjamin A1 - Narra, Satyanarayana T1 - The roles of emerging environmental contaminants in future impact assessments of wastewater treatment plants in Europe T2 - Journal of the Polish Mineral Engineering Society Y1 - 2013 SN - 1640-4920 IS - 2 SP - 85 EP - 90 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Oyegbile, Benjamin A1 - Narra, Satyanarayana T1 - Impending natural gas supply glut and biogas developments in Europe: Economic and environmental implications T2 - Journal of Environment and Earth Science Y1 - 2012 SN - 2224-3216 VL - 2 IS - 11 SP - 1 EP - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schlief, Jeanette T1 - Leaf associated microbial activities in a stream affected by acid mine drainage T2 - International Review of Hydrobiology KW - leaf litter breakdown Y1 - 2004 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/iroh.200410776 SN - 1522-2632 VL - 89 IS - 5-6 SP - 467 EP - 475 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Beulker, Camilla A1 - Lessmann, Dieter A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte T1 - Aspects of phytoplankton succession and spatial distribution in an acidic mining lake (Plessa 117, Germany) T2 - Acta Oecologica KW - Phytoplankton succession KW - Acidic mining lakes Y1 - 2003 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1146-609X(03)00002-X SN - 1146-609X VL - 24 IS - 1, Supplement SP - S25 EP - S31 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bethwell, Claudia A1 - Mutz, Michael T1 - Effect of acid mine drainage on the chemical composition and fall velocity of fine organic particles T2 - Ecological Engineering KW - acidic mine drainage KW - FPOM Y1 - 2005 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2004.12.009 SN - 0925-8574 VL - 24 IS - 1-2 SP - 75 EP - 88 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kleeberg, Andreas A1 - Grüneberg, Björn T1 - Phosphorus mobility in sediments of acid mining lakes, Lusatia, Germany T2 - Ecological Engineering KW - pH KW - Phosphorus fractionation Y1 - 2005 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2004.12.010 SN - 0925-8574 VL - 24 IS - 1-2 SP - 89 EP - 100 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Biemelt, Detlef A1 - Schapp, Andrea A1 - Kleeberg, Andreas A1 - Grünewald, Uwe T1 - Overland flow, erosion, and related phosphorus and iron fluxes at plot scale: a case study from a non-vegetated lignite mining dump in Lusatia T2 - Geoderma KW - Lignite mining KW - Phosphorus Y1 - 2005 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.12.030 SN - 0016-7061 VL - 129 IS - 1-2 SP - 4 EP - 18 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rudolff, Britta A1 - Zekri, Muhammad al- T1 - A network of traditional knowledge: the intangible heritage of water distribution in Bahrain T2 - International Journal of Intangible Heritage N2 - Traditional knowledge of the system of water distribution to farmlands sharing the same scarce fresh water resources has created relationships which are based on justice and equal rights among members of the farming communities of Bahrain. Over the centuries, the need to manage water irrigation led to the development of customary codes which regulated schedules of irrigation, the division of water resources and their equitablefair distribution. This framework was informed by both pre-Islamic customary oral traditions and Islamic ethics, and was transmitted from generation to generation. The inherited intangible heritage of irrigation law is complex and remained in use until the 1960s. In more recent times, individual farmers using water pumps and networks of pipelines of government treated sewage effluent (TSE) were not motivated to maintain traditional water management customs and have consequently stoppedrelinquished from attending communal gatherings and disregarded the customary laws which regulated notions of fairness among them for centuries. The resulting uncontrolled usage of the underground aquifers by those digging their own wells has in many areas, led to over-exploitation of water resources and to the increased salinisation of the underground water reservoirs. At present, initiatives are being set up to raise awareness of the importance of the customary irrigation laws in ensuring the fair distribution and sustainability of a rare resource on the island. Fortunately, a number of Bahraini farmers continue to follow the traditional codes and have become valuable knowledge bearers who are encouraged to share their wisdom and skills with their colleagues. In this articlepaper, the authors document aspects of the sophisticated intangible heritage of customary water irrigation law in Bahrain, covering its features, key players, and the cross-generational transmission as part of an oral knowledge system, which in parts survived and in other parts ceased to exist. They further highlight how this ancient knowledge can become a basis for sustainable water resource management in Bahrain, as well as playing a role in disseminating notions of fairness, equity and consent, public deliberation and conflict resolution in a local context. KW - customary irrigation law KW - knowledge bearers KW - conflict resolution Y1 - 2014 SN - 1975-3586 IS - 9 SP - 83 EP - 97 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rudolff, Britta A1 - Zekri, Muhammad al- T1 - A network of traditional knowledge: the intangible heritage of water distribution in Bahrain T2 - International Journal of Intangible Heritage Y1 - 2014 SN - 1975-3586 N1 - Text auch in koreanischer Sprache IS - 9 SP - 72 EP - 83 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rudolff, Britta A1 - Raymond, Susanne T1 - A Community Convention? An analysis of Free, Prior and Informed Consent given under the 2003 Convention T2 - International Journal of Intangible Heritage N2 - When the 2003 Convention was drafted a decade ago, one of its aims was to overcome the perceived exclusions and shortcomings of the earlier UNESCO Conventions, in particular the World Heritage Convention. The intention was to adopt a legally binding instrument, which allowed for stronger representation of heritage expressions of the South, which placed communities and grass-roots initiatives at the centre of its activities, and which would strengthen the recognition of and support for heritage practitioners. On the occasion of the Convention’s tenth anniversary, this paper offers a review of the Convention’s success rate in community involvement by focusing on two aspects: the degree to which communities were the driving forces or strongly involved partners in the preparation of candidature files for the Convention’s Intangible Heritage Lists and the way in which their free, prior and informed consent was documented. Based on these findings the paper reflects on potential further improvements towards the Convention’s aims within the forthcoming decade and also briefly discusses if the other UNESCO cultural heritage conventions, in particular the World Heritage Convention, could benefit from the introduction of the concept of free, prior and informed consent to document community support and involvement. KW - Intangible Heritage KW - Free prior informed consent Y1 - 2013 SN - 1975-3586 IS - 8 SP - 154 EP - 164 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Das, Chittaranjan A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Tallarida, Massimo A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Gargouri, Hassan A1 - Kärkkänen, Irina A1 - Schneidewind, Jessica A1 - Gruska, Bernd A1 - Arens, Michael T1 - Thermal and plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition of TiO2: Comparison of spectroscopic and electric properties T2 - Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology A N2 - Titanium oxide (TiO2) deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD) is used as a protective layer in photocatalytic water splitting system as well as a dielectric in resistive memory switching. The way ALD is performed (thermally or plasma-assisted) may change the growth rate as well as the electronic properties of the deposited films. In the present work, the authors verify the influence of the ALD mode on functional parameters, by comparing the growth rate and electronic properties of TiO2 films deposited by thermal (T-) and plasma-enhanced (PE-) ALD. The authors complete the study with the electrical characterization of selected samples by means of capacitance–voltage and current–voltage measurements. In all samples, the authors found a significant presence of Ti3+ states, with the lowest content in the PE-ALD grown TiO2 films. The observation of Ti3+ states was accompanied by the presence of in-gap states above the valence band maximum. For films thinner than 10 nm, the authors found also a strong leakage current. Also in this case, the PE-ALD films showed the weakest leakage currents, showing a correlation between the presence of Ti3+ states and leakage current density. KW - titanium oxide (TiO2) KW - atomic layer deposition KW - plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition KW - synchrotron radiation photoelectron spectroscopy (SR-PES) KW - x-ray absorption spectroscopy KW - capacitance-voltage (CV) KW - current-voltage (IV) KW - ellipsometry KW - in-gap states Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1116/1.4903938 SN - 1520-8559 SN - 0734-2101 VL - 2015 IS - 33 SP - 01A144-1 EP - 01A144-8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schlief, Jeanette A1 - Mutz, Michael T1 - Long-term leaf litter decomposition and associated microbial processes in extremely acidic (pH <3) mining waters T2 - Archiv für Hydrobiologie KW - acidic mine water Y1 - 2005 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1127/0003-9136/2005/0164-0053 SN - 0003-9136 VL - 164 IS - 1 SP - 53 EP - 68 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoffmann, Anja T1 - Dynamics of fine particulate organic matter (FPOM) and macroinvertebrates in natural and artificial leaf packs T2 - Hydrobiologia KW - FPOM Y1 - 2005 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-005-5174-2 SN - 0018-8158 SN - 1573-5117 VL - 549 IS - 1 SP - 167 EP - 178 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mutz, Michael A1 - Piégay, Hervé A1 - Gregory, Kenneth J. A1 - Borchhardt, Dietrich A1 - Reich, Michael A1 - Schmieder, Klaus T1 - Perception and evaluation of dead wood in streams and rivers by German students T2 - Limnologica - Ecology and Management of Inland Waters KW - river management Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.limno.2006.01.001 SN - 0075-9511 VL - 36 IS - 2 SP - 110 EP - 118 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte A1 - Rücker, Jacqueline T1 - Meteorological versus trophic influences on phytoplankton succession in temperate zone lakes during winter T2 - Verhandlungen, International Association of Theoretical and Applied Limnology KW - Phytoplankton Y1 - 2006 SN - 0368-0770 VL - 29 IS - 3 SP - 1671 EP - 1674 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schlief, Jeanette A1 - Mutz, Michael T1 - Palatability of leaves conditioned in streams affected by mine drainage: A feeding experiment with Gammarus pulex (L.) T2 - Hydrobiologia KW - leaf litter KW - shredder Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-006-0028-0 SN - 0018-8158 SN - 1573-5117 VL - 563 IS - 1 SP - 445 EP - 452 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stüken, Anke A1 - Rücker, Jacqueline A1 - Endrulat, Tina A1 - Preussel, Karina A1 - Hemm, Mike A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte A1 - Karsten, Ulf A1 - Wiedner, Claudia T1 - Distribution of three alien cyanobacterial species (Nostocales) in northeast Germany: Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii, Anabaena bergii and Aphanizomenon aphanizomenoides T2 - Phycologia KW - Freshwater ecology KW - Cyanobacteria Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.2216/05-58.1 SN - 0031-8884 SN - 2330-2968 VL - 45 IS - 6 SP - 696 EP - 703 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mutz, Michael A1 - Schlief, Jeanette T1 - Scenario for undirected progression of extremely acidic streams in the Lusatian post-mining landscape T2 - Ecological Engineering KW - Brown coal mining KW - Landscape restauration Y1 - 2005 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2004.12.007 SN - 0925-8574 VL - 24 IS - 1-2 SP - 59 EP - 66 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte A1 - Leßmann, Dieter A1 - Deneke, Rainer T1 - Mining lakes in a disturbed landscape: Application of the EC Water Framework Directive and future management strategies T2 - Ecological Engineering KW - acidic lake KW - lake management Y1 - 2005 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2004.12.008 SN - 0925-8574 VL - 24 IS - 1-2 SP - 67 EP - 73 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Narra, Satyanarayana A1 - Tao, Yonggui A1 - Glaser, Claudia A1 - Gusovius, Hans-Jörg A1 - Ay, Peter T1 - Increasing the calorific value of Rye straw pellets with biogenous and fossil additives T2 - Energy and Fuels Y1 - 2010 SN - 0887-0624 VL - 24 IS - 9 SP - 5228 EP - 5234 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Narra, Satyanarayana T1 - Structural development of clay soil with the amendment of coal combustion by-product FGD gypsum in Lusatia Germany T2 - International Journal of Soil Science Y1 - 2010 SN - 1816-4978 VL - 5 IS - 2 SP - 62 EP - 72 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Narra, Satyanarayana T1 - Modeling water-induced compaction of the Saalian glacial till in lower Lusatia T2 - International Journal of Soil Science Y1 - 2010 SN - 1816-4978 VL - 5 IS - 1 SP - 26 EP - 33 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Narra, Satyanarayana T1 - Flue Gas Desulphurization Gypsum as a Soil Amendment in the Growth of Wild Rye and Poplar (Hybrid 275 and Weser 6) Clones in Lusatia, Germany T2 - International Journal of Agricultural Research Y1 - 2009 VL - 4 IS - 10 SP - 297 EP - 309 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Narra, Satyanarayana T1 - Influence of compaction curve modeling on void ratio and pre-consolidation stress T2 - International Journal of Soil Science Y1 - 2009 SN - 1816-4978 VL - 4 IS - 2 SP - 57 EP - 66 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Oyegbile, Benjamin A1 - Ay, Peter A1 - Narra, Satyanarayana T1 - Optimization of Physicochemical Process for Pre-treatment of Suspension by Flocculation Prior to Dewatering T2 - Desalination and water treatment Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2015.1043591 SN - 1944-3986 N1 - Presented at the International Congress on Water, Waste and Energy Management 16–18 July 2014, Porto, Portugal VL - 57 IS - 6 SP - 2726 EP - 2736 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Michael A1 - Palekhov, Dmitry A1 - Shapar, Arkadi T1 - Criteria and Requirements for the Implementation of Sustainable Development Policy in Ukraine T2 - Ecology and Nature Management : Collection of Scientific Works N2 - Implementation of sustainable development principles primarily involves stating appropriate criteria and requirements for reformation of the development management. The main groups of sustainable development indicators (social indicators, economic indicators, environmental indicators, institutional indicators, structural indicators) are formulated. In the view of objectives set for economic and social reforms in Ukraine, there is a need in further specification of these indicator groups, their legislative support with the purpose of organising monitoring of efficiency of state policies and programmes. KW - Ukraine KW - Sustainable development KW - Sustainable development policy KW - Indicators of sustainable development Y1 - 2005 UR - http://ippenan.com/content/publik3/sborvse/2005.html IS - 8 SP - 18 EP - 22 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Michael A1 - Palekhov, Dmitry T1 - Implementing Strategic Environmental Assessment into Regional Planning in Ukraine T2 - Ecology and Nature Management : Collection of Scientific Works N2 - The administrative reforms conducted in Ukraine include transformation of regional administration. Aims, objectives and methods of Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) are accordant with conducted administrative reforms. At present all plans, programmes and policies developed in Ukraine, which can have significant impact on environment are subject to SEA. The main reasons, which determine necessity of implementing SEA into procedures of regional planning, are investigated in this paper. KW - Strategic Environmental Assessment KW - Regional planning KW - Ukraine KW - Tiering KW - Kiev SEA Protocol Y1 - 2005 UR - http://ippenan.com/content/publik3/sborvse/2005.html IS - 8 SP - 28 EP - 31 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pivnyak, Gennadiy A1 - Schmidt, Michael A1 - Shapar, Arkadi A1 - Palekhov, Dmitry T1 - Methodic Approaches to Development of the Balanced Environmental-Economic Regional Development Plans in Ukraine T2 - Scientific Bulletin of National Mining University KW - Ukraine KW - Sustainable development KW - Regional development KW - Regional planning Y1 - 2005 SN - 2071-2227 SN - 2223-2362 VL - 2005 IS - 7 SP - 96 EP - 100 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Palekhov, Dmitry A1 - Schmidt, Michael A1 - Shapar, Arkadi T1 - Основные направления реформирования регионального планирования в Украине в контексте устойчивого развития с учетом практики ЕС T1 - Main Directions for the Reformation of Regional Planning in Ukraine in the Context of Sustainable Development with Reference to the Experience of the EU T2 - Ecology and Nature Management : Collection of Scientific Works N2 - В статье анализируется проблема регионального планирования в контексте современной концепции обеспечения устойчивого развития и учета факторов изменяющегося климата. Исследованы и предложены основные направления реформирования регионального планирования в Украине с точки зрения имплементации европейских методов экологизации стратегий развития регионов. N2 - In this article the problem of regional planning is analysed with reference to the modern sustainable development concept and integration of the climate change considerations. Main directions for reforming regional planning in Ukraine in the context of implementing main European methods for ecologisation of regional development strategies are studied and suggested. KW - Regional planning KW - Ukraine KW - Climate change KW - Spatial planning KW - Land use planning KW - Sustainable development KW - Strategic Environmental Assessment KW - Urban heat waves Y1 - 2009 UR - http://ippenan.com/content/publik3/sborvse/2009.html IS - 12 SP - 10 EP - 16 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kleeberg, Andreas A1 - Heidenreich, Majana T1 - Release of nitrogen and phosphorus from macrophyte stands of summer dried out sediments of a eutrophic reservoir. T2 - Archiv für Hydrobiologie KW - Nitrogen Y1 - 2004 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1127/0003-9136/2004/0159-0115 SN - 0003-9136 VL - 159 IS - 1 SP - 115 EP - 136 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Messari‐Becker, Lamia A1 - Mettke, Angelika A1 - Knappe, Florian A1 - Storck, Ulrich A1 - Bollinger, Klaus A1 - Grohmann, Manfred T1 - Recycling concrete in practice - a chance for substainable resource management T2 - Structural Concrete : official journal of the FIB Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/suco.201400010 SN - 1751-7648 VL - 15 IS - 4 SP - 556 EP - 562 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mettke, Angelika T1 - Im Brennpunkt standortbezogener Entwicklungsdiskussion : Techniken, Probleme und Chancen von Abbrüchen T2 - EXWOST Thüringen : Informationen zur Weiterentwicklung von Großsiedlungen in Thüringen Y1 - 1999 IS - 2 SP - 15 EP - 17 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mettke, Angelika T1 - Wiederverwendung von Bauelementen und Bauwerksteilen aus Beton T2 - Baustoffrecycling und Deponietechnik Y1 - 1992 IS - 6 SP - 9 EP - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mettke, Angelika T1 - Alte Platte – Neues Design T2 - Tiefbau Y1 - 2004 IS - 1 SP - 29 EP - 30 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mettke, Angelika T1 - Bauen im und mit dem Plattenbaubestand T2 - HeinzeBauOffice-Journal : Sonderausgabe „Bauen im Bestand" Y1 - 2004 SP - 34 EP - 39 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Alte Platte wieder neu T2 - Deutsches Architektenblatt, Ausgabe Baden-Württemberg Y1 - 2005 SN - 0012-1215 VL - 37 IS - 9 SP - 89 EP - 94 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mettke, Angelika T1 - Hohe Komplexität – Lösungen für künftiges Wohnen gesucht T2 - Ostbau : Zeitschrift für Bauwerkserhaltung und Wohnungswirtschaft in den neuen Bundesländern Y1 - 2006 VL - 12 IS - 1 SP - 6 EP - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Krausche, Thomas A1 - Launert, Benjamin T1 - Schweißen von Trägern mit dicken Blechen, Teil 2: Schweißen unter Baustellenbedingungen – Montagestoß und Variation der Umgebungstemperatur T2 - Bauingenieur KW - Stahlbau, Stabilität, Normen Y1 - 2014 UR - www.bauingenieur.de SN - 0005-6650 VL - 89 IS - 12 SP - 537 EP - 547 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vött, A. A1 - Brückner, H. A1 - Hay, M. A1 - Lang, F. A1 - Herd, Rainer A1 - Brockmüller, S. T1 - Strong tsunami impact on the Bay of Aghios Nikolaos and its environs (NW Greece) during Classical-Hellenistic times T2 - Quaternary International KW - Bay of Aghios Nikolaos Y1 - 2008 SN - 1040-6182 VL - 181 IS - 1 SP - 105 EP - 122 ER - TY - GEN A1 - May, M. A1 - Vött, A. A1 - Brückner, H. A1 - Herd, Rainer A1 - Lang, F. T1 - Geoarcheological studies in the environs of the ancient dam of Glosses, Akarnania, NW Greece T2 - Geo-Öko KW - Glosses, Akarnania Y1 - 2008 SN - 1616-0983 SN - 0720-454X VL - 29 IS - 1-2 SP - 89 EP - 113 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vött, A. A1 - Brückner, H. A1 - Brockmüller, S. A1 - Handl, M. A1 - May, M. A1 - Gakipapanastassiou, K. A1 - Herd, Rainer A1 - Lang, F. A1 - Maroukian, H. A1 - Nelle, O. T1 - Traces of Holocene tsunamis across the Sound of Lefkada, NW Greece T2 - Global and Planetary Change KW - Trace of Holocene Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2008.03.015 SN - 0921-8181 VL - 66 IS - 1-2 SP - 112 EP - 128 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stöllner, Thomas A1 - Cierny, Jan A1 - Eibner, Clemens A1 - Boenke, Nicole A1 - Herd, Rainer A1 - Maass, Alexander A1 - Sormaz, Trivun A1 - Steffens, Gero A1 - Thomas, Peter T1 - Der bronzezeitliche Bergbau im Südrevier des Mitterberggebietes – Bericht zu den Forschungen der Jahre 2002 bis 2006 T2 - Archaeologia Austriaca KW - Mitterberg Y1 - 2009 SN - 1816-2959 SN - 0003-8008 IS - 90 SP - 87 EP - 137 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vött, A. A1 - Brückner, H. A1 - May, M. A1 - Sakellariou, D. A1 - Nelle, O. A1 - Lang, F. A1 - Kapsimalis, V. A1 - Jahns, S. A1 - Herd, Rainer A1 - Handl, M. A1 - Fountoulis, I. T1 - The Lake Voulkaria (Akarnania, NW Greece) palaeoenvironmental archive – a sediment trap for multiple tsunami impact since the mid-Holocene T2 - Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie, N.F. KW - Akarnania Y1 - 2009 IS - 53, Supplement 1 SP - 1 EP - 37 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Heidenreich, Majana A1 - Kleeberg, Andreas T1 - Phosphorus-binding in the iron rich sediments of the shallow Spremberg Reservoir: Spatial characterisation based on sonar data T2 - Hydrobiologia KW - sediment Y1 - 2003 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1023/B:HYDR.0000008621.44435.23 SN - 0018-8158 SN - 1573-5117 VL - 506-509 IS - 1-3 SP - 147 EP - 153 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kleeberg, Andreas T1 - Re-assessment of Wundsch's (1940) 'H2S-Oscillatoria-Lake' type using the eutrophic Lake Scharmützel (Brandenburg, NE Germany) as an example T2 - Hydrobiologia KW - eutrophic lake Y1 - 2003 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026276200878 SN - 0018-8158 SN - 1573-5117 VL - 501 IS - 1-3 SP - 1 EP - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lessmann, Dieter A1 - Fyson, Andrew A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte T1 - Experimental eutrophication of a shallow acidic mining lake and effects on the phytoplankton T2 - Hydrobiologia KW - acidic lake Y1 - 2003 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1023/B:HYDR.0000008628.41451.aa SN - 0018-8158 SN - 1573-5117 VL - 506-509 IS - 1-3 SP - 753 EP - 758 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mischke, Ute A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte T1 - Equilibrium phase conditions in shallow German lakes: How Cyanoprokaryota species establish a steady state phase in late summer T2 - Hydrobiologia KW - shallow lakes Y1 - 2003 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1023/B:HYDR.0000004275.81490.92 SN - 0018-8158 SN - 1573-5117 VL - 502 IS - 1-3 SP - 123 EP - 132 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mutz, Michael A1 - Rohde, Anja T1 - Processes of surface-subsurface water exchange in a low energy sand-bed stream T2 - International Review of Hydrobiology KW - sand-bed stream Y1 - 2003 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/iroh.200390026 SN - 1522-2632 VL - 88 IS - 3-4 SP - 290 EP - 303 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte A1 - Jander, Jörn T1 - Bacterial activities in shallow lakes - A comparison between extremely acidic and alkaline eutrophic hard water lake T2 - Hydrobiologia KW - shallow lakes Y1 - 2003 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1023/B:HYDR.0000008623.73250.c8 SN - 0018-8158 SN - 1573-5117 VL - 506-509 IS - 1-3 SP - 697 EP - 705 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte A1 - Mischke, Ute A1 - Rücker, Jacqueline T1 - Phytoplankton assemblages and steady state in deep and shallow eutrophic lakes - an approach to differentiate the habitat properties of Oscillatoriales T2 - Hydrobiologia KW - cyanobacteria Y1 - 2003 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1023/B:HYDR.0000004274.65831.e5 SN - 0018-8158 SN - 1573-5117 VL - 502 IS - 1-3 SP - 111 EP - 121 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte A1 - Lessmann, Dieter A1 - Steinberg, C. E. W. T1 - The importance of chemical buffering for pelagic and benthic colonization in acidic waters T2 - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus KW - acidic lake Y1 - 2003 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022111605815 SN - 1567-7230 SN - 1573-2940 VL - 3 IS - 1 SP - 27 EP - 46 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte A1 - Krumbeck, Hartwig A1 - Jander, Jörn A1 - Beulker, Camilla T1 - Comparison of bacterial and phytoplankton productivity in extremely acidic mining lakes and eutrophic hard water lakes T2 - Acta Oecologica KW - primary production Y1 - 2003 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1146-609X(03)00031-6 SN - 1146-609X VL - 24 IS - Supplement 1 SP - S281 EP - S288 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Krausche, Thomas A1 - Launert, Benjamin T1 - Schweißen von Trägern mit dicken Blechen, Teil 1: Trägerfertigung unter Werksbedingungen – Planung, Herstellung und Simulation T2 - Bauingenieur KW - Stahlbau, Stabilität, Normen Y1 - 2014 UR - www.bauingenieur.de SN - 1436-4867 VL - 89 IS - 10 SP - 395 EP - 404 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Garner, Jennifer A1 - Cheben, Michael A1 - Demant, Daniel A1 - Enke, Uwe A1 - Herd, Rainer A1 - Labuda, Jozef A1 - Modarressi-Tehrani, Diana A1 - Stöllner, Thomas A1 - Tóth, Peter T1 - Neue montanarchäologische Untersuchungen im Slowakischen Erzgebirge T2 - Der Anschnitt : Zeitschrift für Kunst und Kultur im Bergbau KW - Slowakisches Erzgebirge Y1 - 2014 SN - 0003-5238 VL - 66 IS - 2-3 SP - 66 EP - 77 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jacob, Daniela A1 - Keuler, Klaus A1 - Georgievski, Goran A1 - Radtke, Kai T1 - EURO-CORDEX: new high-resolution climate change projections for European impact research T2 - Regional Environmental Change N2 - A new high-resolution regional climate change ensemble has been established for Europe within the World Climate Research Program Coordinated Regional Downscaling Experiment (EURO-CORDEX) initiative. The first set of simulations with a horizontal resolution of 12.5 km was completed for the new emission scenarios RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 with more simulations expected to follow. The aim of this paper is to present this data set to the different communities active in regional climate modelling, impact assessment and adaptation. The EURO-CORDEX ensemble results have been compared to the SRES A1B simulation results achieved within the ENSEMBLES project. The large-scale patterns of changes in mean temperature and precipitation are similar in all three scenarios, but they differ in regional details, which can partly be related to the higher resolution in EURO-CORDEX. The results strengthen those obtained in ENSEMBLES, but need further investigations. The analysis of impact indices shows that for RCP8.5, there is a substantially larger change projected for temperature-based indices than for RCP4.5. The difference is less pronounced for precipitation-based indices. Two effects of the increased resolution can be regarded as an added value of regional climate simulations. Regional climate model simulations provide higher daily precipitation intensities, which are completely missing in the global climate model simulations, and they provide a significantly different climate change of daily precipitation intensities resulting in a smoother shift from weak to moderate and high intensities. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-013-0499-2 SN - 1436-378X VL - 14 IS - 2 SP - 563 EP - 578 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jacob, Daniela A1 - Keuler, Klaus A1 - Georgievski, Goran A1 - Radtke, Kai T1 - Erratum to: EURO-CORDEX: new high-resolution climate change projections for European impact research T2 - Regional Environmental Change Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-014-0587-y SN - 1436-378X N1 - weitere Autoren VL - 14 IS - 2 SP - 579 EP - 581 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Prein, Andreas A1 - Gobiet, Andreas A1 - Suklitsch, Martin A1 - Truhetz, Heimo A1 - Awan, N. K. A1 - Keuler, Klaus A1 - Georgievski, Goran T1 - Added value of convection permitting seasonal simulations T2 - Climate Dynamics Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-013-1744-6 VL - 41 SP - 2655 EP - 2677 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Straile, Dietmar A1 - Jöhnk, Klaus D. A1 - Rossknecht, Henno T1 - Complex effects of winter warming on the physicochemical characteristics of a deep lake T2 - Limnology and Oceanography KW - deep lake Y1 - 2003 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2003.48.4.1432 SN - 0024-3590 VL - 48 IS - 4 SP - 1432 EP - 1438 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vincze, Miklos A1 - Borchert, Sebastian A1 - Achatz, Ulrich A1 - Larcher, Thomas von A1 - Baumann, Martin A1 - Liersch, Claudia A1 - Remmler, Sebastian A1 - Beck, Teresa A1 - Alexandrov, Kiril A1 - Egbers, Christoph A1 - Fröhlich, Jochen A1 - Heuveline, Vincent A1 - Hickel, Stefan A1 - Harlander, Uwe T1 - Benchmarking in a rotating annulus: a comparative experimental and numerical study of baroclinic wave dynamics T2 - Meteorologische Zeitschrift Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1127/metz/2014/0600 SN - 1610-1227 SN - 0941-2948 VL - 23 IS - 6 SP - 611 EP - 635 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rücker, Jacqueline A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte A1 - Deneke, Rainer A1 - Kleeberg, Andreas A1 - Mischke, Ute T1 - Reaktionen von Seen im Scharmützelseegebiet auf die Reduzierung der externen Belastung T2 - Wasser & Boden KW - externe Belastung Y1 - 2003 SN - 0043-0951 VL - 55 IS - 4 SP - 4 EP - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mischke, Ute T1 - Cyanobacteria associations in shallow polytrophic lakes: influence of environmental factors T2 - Acta Oecologica KW - cyanobacteria Y1 - 2003 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1146-609X(03)00003-1 SN - 1146-609X VL - 24 IS - Supplement 1 SP - S11 EP - S23 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hupfer, Michael A1 - Kleeberg, Andreas A1 - Gonsiorczyk, Thomas T1 - Prozesse im Sediment und ihre Bedeutung für den Erfolg seeinterner Verfahren T2 - Wasser & Boden KW - Sediment Y1 - 2002 SN - 0043-0951 VL - 54 IS - 9 SP - 26 EP - 31 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte A1 - Uhlmann, Wilfried T1 - Ökotechnologische Steuerung der Gewässergüte in sauren Tagebauseen, Teil 1: Desulfurikation und Morphometrie T2 - Wasser & Boden KW - Tagebauseen Y1 - 2002 SN - 0043-0951 VL - 54 IS - 1+2 SP - 16 EP - 21 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Uhlmann, Wilfried A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte T1 - Ökotechnologische Steuerung der Gewässergüte in sauren Tagebauseen, Teil 2: Primärproduktion und Respiration T2 - Wasser & Boden KW - Tagebauseen Y1 - 2002 SN - 0043-0951 VL - 54 IS - 1+2 SP - 22 EP - 26 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lessmann, Dieter A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte T1 - Seasonal succession of phytoplankton in acidic mining lakes T2 - Verhandlungen, International Association of Theoretical and Applied Limnology KW - Phytoplankton Y1 - 2002 SN - 0368-0770 VL - 28 SP - 1597 EP - 1601 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wiedner, Claudia A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte A1 - Heinze, Rita A1 - Wirsing, Birgit A1 - Neumann, Uwe A1 - Weckesser, Jürgen T1 - Regulation of cyanobacteria and microcystin dynamics in polymictic shallow lakes T2 - Archiv für Hydrobiologie KW - cyanobacteria Y1 - 2002 SN - 0003-9136 VL - 155 IS - 3 SP - 383 EP - 400 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mutz, Michael T1 - Influences of Woody Debris on Flow Patterns and Channel Morphology in a Low Energy, Sand-Bed Stream Reach T2 - International Review of Hydrobiology KW - sand-bed stream Y1 - 2000 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1522-2632(200003)85:1<107::AID-IROH107>3.0.CO;2-L SN - 1522-2632 VL - 85 IS - 1 SP - 107 EP - 121 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kleeberg, Andreas T1 - Phosphorus sedimentation in seasonal anoxic Lake Scharmützel, NE Germany T2 - Hydrobiologia KW - sedimentation Y1 - 2002 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016356714276 SN - 0018-8158 SN - 1573-5117 VL - 472 IS - 1-3 SP - 53 EP - 65 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Dedrichs, A. S. A1 - Balthasar, M. T1 - Modeling of NOx and Soot Formation in Diesel Combustion T2 - Oil & Gas Science and Technology Y1 - 1999 SN - 0020-2274 VL - 54 IS - 2 SP - 245 EP - 249 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Günther, Vivien A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Klauer, Christian A1 - Schlawitschek, Christiane T1 - Kinetic Monte Carlo simulation of the epitaxial growth of Si(100) T2 - Physica status solidi : C Y1 - 2012 SN - 1610-1634 VL - 9 IS - 10-11 SP - 1955 EP - 1962 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Günther, Vivien A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - Si(100)2×1 Epitaxy: A Kinetic Monte Carlo Simulation of the Surface Growth T2 - Physics Procedia Y1 - 2013 SN - 1875-3892 IS - 40 SP - 56 EP - 64 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schenk, Marina A1 - Leon, Larisa A1 - Moshammer, Kai A1 - Oßwald, Patrick A1 - Kohse-Höinghaus, Katharina A1 - Zeuch, Thomas A1 - Seidel, Lars A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - Detailed mass spectrometric and modeling study of isomeric butene flames T2 - Combustion and Flame Y1 - 2013 SN - 1556-2921 VL - 160 IS - 3 SP - 487 EP - 503 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Goos, Elke A1 - Sickfeld, Christina A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Seidel, Lars A1 - Ruscic, Branko A1 - Burcat, Alexander A1 - Zeuch, Thomas T1 - Prompt NO formation in flames: The influence of NCN thermochemistry T2 - Proceedings of the Combustion Institute Y1 - 2013 SN - 1540-7489 VL - Vol. 34 SP - 657 EP - 666 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seidel, Lars A1 - Hoyermann, Karlheinz A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Nothdurft, Jörg A1 - Zeuch, Thomas T1 - Pressure Dependent Product Formation in the Photochemically Initiated allyl + allyl reaction T2 - Molecules Y1 - 2013 SN - 1420-3049 VL - 18 IS - 11 SP - 13608 EP - 13622 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kotlarski, Sven A1 - Keuler, Klaus A1 - Bøssing Christensen, Ole A1 - Colette, Augustin A1 - Déqué, Michel T1 - Regional climate modeling on European scales: A joint standard evaluation of the EURO-CORDEX RCM ensemble T2 - Geoscientific Model Development Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-7-1297-2014 N1 - 11 weitere Autoren IS - 7 SP - 1297 EP - 1333 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Panitz, Hans-Jürgen A1 - Dosio, Alessandro A1 - Büchner, Mathias A1 - Lüthi, Daniel A1 - Keuler, Klaus T1 - COSMO-CLM (CCLM) climate simulations over CORDEX Africa domain: Analysis of the ERA-Interim driven simulations at 0.44◦ and 0.22◦ resolution T2 - Climate Dynamics Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-013-1834-5 SN - 1432-0894 SN - 0930-7575 VL - 42 IS - 11-12 SP - 3015 EP - 3038 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Puppe, Daniel A1 - Ehrmann, Otto A1 - Kaczorek, Danuta A1 - Wanner, Manfred A1 - Sommer, Michael T1 - The protozoic Si pool in temperate forest ecosystems - quantification, abiotic controls and interactions with earthworms T2 - Geoderma Y1 - 2015 SN - 0016-7061 IS - 243-244 SP - 196 EP - 204 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grüneberg, Björn A1 - Kern, Jürgen T1 - Phosphorus retention capacity of iron-ore and blast furnace slag in subsurface flow constructed wetlands T2 - Water Science & Technology KW - Phosphor Y1 - 2001 SN - 0273-1223 VL - 44 IS - 11-12 SP - 69 EP - 75 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Böhm, Uwe A1 - Keuler, Klaus A1 - Österle, Hermann A1 - Kücken, Martin A1 - Hauffe, Detlef T1 - Quality of a climate reconstruction for the CADSES regions T2 - Meteorologische Zeitschrift N2 - We used the regional climate model CCLM 4 to reconstruct the climate over the CADSES regions for the period 1961-2000. This most recent model version is currently still in a test phase. The simulation quality for this part of the entire simulation area is exemplarily analyzed by using a small but representative subset of model variables. Mean sea level pressure is chosen as an indicator for the behavior of the near-surface dynamics. Furthermore, the two regional variables 2 m temperature and precipitation are evaluated, which are of relevance for hydrological applications. For additional analyses to identify sources of uncertainty, we used soil moisture and cloudiness. Altogether, the accuracy of the simulation results can be judged as being in good agreement with the results of similar simulations by other regional climate models over Europe. Area-averaged monthly mean 2 m temperatures during winter show a cold bias of about -2 K. The simulated mean sea level pressure is with a bias of about 2 hPa slightly too high compared to the used reference data set. Although cloud cover evaluation hints at insufficiencies in the corresponding parameterization, further analyses are required to unambiguously identify the causes for this cold bias. During summer, higher 2 m temperatures linked to reduced precipitation are identified in nearly identical regions over southern and southeastern Europe. Further analyses of soil moisture evolution and cloud cover give evidence for a source of uncertainty in the surface hydrological scheme. Altogether, the detected differences do not exceed the typical ranges of uncertainty in comparable regional climate simulations over Europe. For input in hydrological applications, however, the uncertainties produced by the CCLM simulation described here have to be reduced in the medium term. N2 - Das Klima über den CADSES-Regionen wurde mit dem regionalen Klimamodell CCLM, Version 4.0 für den Zeitraum 1961-2000 rekonstruiert. Diese aktuellste Modellversion befindet sich gegenwärtig noch in einer Testphase. Die Qualität der Simulation für diesen Teil des Simulationsgebietes wird beispielhaft anhand einer kleinen, aber repräsentativen Teilmenge von Modellvariablen analysiert. Der Druck auf Meeresniveau wurde ausgewählt als Indikator für das Verhalten der bodennahen Dynamik. Weiterhin wurden die beiden Variablen 2 m Temperatur und Niederschlag als wichtige regionale Variablen für hydrologische Anwendungen bewertet. Für zusätzliche Analysen zur Identifizierung von Ungenauigkeitsquellen verwendeten wir die Bodenfeuchte und die Bewölkung. Insgesamt kann die Genauigkeit dieser Simulationsresultate als gut im Vergleich zu Ergebnissen von Simulationsläufen anderer regionaler Klimamodelle für Europa beurteilt werden. Gebietsmittel der monatlichen 2 m Temperaturen im Winter zeigen einen systematischen Fehler von etwa -2 K. Der simulierte Druck auf Meeresniveau ist mit einem systematischen Fehler von etwa 2 hPa etwas zu hoch im Vergleich zum verwendeten Referenzdatensatz. Obwohl die Evaluierung der Wolkendecke auf Unzulänglichkeiten in der entsprechenden Parametrisierung hinweist, sind weitere Analysen nötig, um die Ursachen für das systematisch zu kalte Modellverhalten eindeutig zu identifizieren. Im Sommer treten über nahezu identischen Regionen in Süd- und Südosteuropa höhere 2 m Temperaturen sowie geringere Niederschlägen auf. Weitere Analysen der zeitlichen Entwicklung der Bodenfeuchte und der Wolkenbedeckung geben Anhaltspunkte für eine Quelle von Ungenauigkeit im hydrologischen Teil des Bodenmodells. Insgesamt überschreiten die nachgewiesenen Unterschiede nicht die typischen Fehlerbereiche in vergleichbaren Klimasimulationen über Europa. Als Antrieb für hydrologische Anwendungen ist es allerdings mittelfristig erforderlich, die Ungenauigkeiten der hier beschriebenen CCLM-Simulation zu verringern. Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1127/0941-2948/2008/0318 SN - 1610-1227 VL - 17 IS - 4 SP - 477 EP - 485 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Feldmann, Hendrik A1 - Früh, Barbara A1 - Schädler, Gerd A1 - Panitz, Hans-Jürgen A1 - Keuler, Klaus A1 - Jacob, Daniela A1 - Lorenz, Peter T1 - Evaluation of the precipitation for south-western Germany from high resolution simulations with regional climate models T2 - Meteorologische Zeitschrift Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1127/0941-2948/2008/0295 SN - 1610-1227 VL - 17 IS - 4 SP - 455 EP - 465 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Walter, Andreas A1 - Keuler, Klaus A1 - Block, Alexander A1 - Knoche, Richard A1 - Block, Alexander A1 - Kotlarski, Sven A1 - Müller-Westermeier, Gerhard A1 - Rechid, Diana A1 - Ahrens, Wilfried T1 - A high resolution reference data set of german wind velocity 1951-2001 and comparison with regional climate model results T2 - Meteorologische Zeitschrift Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1127/0941-2948/2006/0162 SN - 1610-1227 VL - 15 IS - 6 SP - 585 EP - 596 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kotlarski, Sven A1 - Block, Alexander A1 - Böhm, Ursula A1 - Jacob, Daniela A1 - Keuler, Klaus A1 - Knoche, Richard A1 - Rechid, Diana A1 - Walter, Artur T1 - Regional Climate Model Simulations as Input for Hydrological Applications: Evaluation of Uncertainties T2 - Advances in Geoscience Y1 - 2005 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-5-119-2005 IS - 5 SP - 119 EP - 125 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fyson, Andrew T1 - Angiosperms in acidic waters at pH 3 and below T2 - Hydrobiologia KW - acidic water Y1 - 2000 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1004059814237 SN - 0018-8158 SN - 1573-5117 VL - 433 IS - 1-3 SP - 129 EP - 125 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lessmann, Dieter A1 - Fyson, Andrew A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte T1 - Phytoplankton of the extremely acidic mining lakes of Lusatia (Germany) with pH <= 3 T2 - Hydrobiologia KW - Phytoplankton KW - Acidic mining lakes Y1 - 2000 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1004018722898 SN - 0018-8158 SN - 1573-5117 VL - 433 IS - 1-3 SP - 123 EP - 128 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kleeberg, Andreas A1 - Schubert, Hendrik T1 - Vertical gradients in particle distribution and its elemental composition under oxic and anoxic conditions in a eutrophic lake, Scharmützelsee T2 - Archiv für Hydrobiologie KW - eutrophic lake Y1 - 2000 SN - 0003-9136 VL - 148 IS - 2 SP - 187 EP - 207 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shvetz, Vasily A1 - Palekhova, Ludmila A1 - Palekhov, Dmitry A1 - Ivannikov, Alexander T1 - Имплементация идей устойчивого развития в учебные программы студентов экономических специальностей T1 - Implementation of ideas of sustainable development into economics curriculum T2 - Economics Bulletin of the National Mining University N2 - В статье обсуждается проблема имплементации идей устойчивого развития в программы высшего образования студентов неэкологических специальностей. В дискуссии раскрывается сущность «зеленой» образовательной программы, изучаются перспективы, средства и инструменты ее создания и продвижения для экономических специальностей в ВУЗах Украины. N2 - The artcile discusses issues of implementing the concept of sustainable development into non-environmental university study programmes. The concept of the "green curriculum", its perspectives, methods and tools for the implementation and promotion for the economics-related programmes in Ukrainian universities are analysed. KW - Sustainable development KW - Green curriculum KW - University education KW - Environmental education KW - International cooperation KW - University network KW - Summer schools Y1 - 2014 UR - http://ev.nmu.org.ua/docs/2014/EV20142_114ed.pdf SN - 2073-9982 VL - 46 IS - 2 SP - 114 EP - 119 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Garain, Samiran A1 - Sinha, Tridib Kumar A1 - Adhikary, Prakriti A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Sen, Shrabanee A1 - Ram, Shanker A1 - Sinha, Chittaranjan A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Mandal, Dipankar T1 - Self-Poled Transparent and Flexible UV Light-Emitting Cerium Complex–PVDF Composite: A High-Performance Nanogenerator T2 - ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces N2 - Cerium(III)-,N-dimethylformamide-bisulfate [Ce(DMF)(HSO4)3] complex is doped into poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) to induce a higher yield (99%) of the electroactive phases (β- and γ-phases) of PVDF. A remarkable enhancement of the output voltage (∼32 V) of a nano-generator (NG) based on a nonelectrically poled cerium(III) complex containing PVDF composite film is achieved by simple repeated human finger imparting, whereas neat PVDF does not show this kind of behavior. This high electrical output resembles the generation of self-poled electroactiveβ-phase in PVDF due to the electrostatic interactions between the fluoride of PVDF and the surface-active positive charge cloud of the cerium complex via H-bonding and/or bipolar interaction among the opposite poles of cerium complex and PVDF, respectively. The capacitor charging capability of the flexible NG promises its applicability as piezoelectric-based energy harvester. The cerium(III) complex doped PVDF composite film exhibit an intense photoluminescence in the UV region, which might be due to a participation of electron cloud from negative pole of bipolarized PVDF. This fact may open a new area for prospective development of high-performance energy-saving flexible solid-state UV light emitters. KW - PVDF KW - electroactive phase KW - nanogenerator KW - cerium charge transfer complex KW - piezoelectric energy harvester KW - UV-emitter Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/am507522r SN - 1944-8244 SN - 1944-8252 VL - 2015 IS - 7 SP - 1298 EP - 1307 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hering, Daniel A1 - Kail, Jochem A1 - Eckert, Sabine A1 - Gerhard, Marc A1 - Meyer, Elisabeth I. A1 - Mutz, Michael A1 - Reich, Michael A1 - Weiss, Ilga T1 - Coarse Woody Debris Quantity and Distribution in Central European Streams T2 - International Review of Hydrobiology KW - coarse woody debris Y1 - 2000 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1522-2632(200003)85:1<5::AID-IROH5>3.0.CO;2-X SN - 1522-2632 VL - 85 IS - 1 SP - 5 EP - 23 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kleeberg, Andreas A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte A1 - Mathes, Jürgen T1 - Lake Jabel restoration project: Phosphorus status and possibilities and limitations of diversion of its nutrient-rich main inflow T2 - Lakes & Reservoirs: Research & Management KW - eutrophication KW - lake restauration Y1 - 2000 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1770.2000.00092.x SN - 1440-1770 VL - 55 IS - 1 SP - 23 EP - 33 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Apte, Anisha M. A1 - Poddar, Ajay K. A1 - Rudolph, Matthias A1 - Rohde, Ulrich L. T1 - A Novel Low Phase Noise X-Band Oscillator T2 - IEEE Microwave Magazine Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/MMM.2014.2367957 SN - 1527-3342 VL - 16 IS - 1 SP - 127 EP - 135 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vautard, Robert A1 - Gobiet, Andreas A1 - Keuler, Klaus T1 - The simulation of European heat waves from an ensemble of regional climate models within the EURO-CORDEX project T2 - Climate Dynamics Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-013-1714-z SN - 1432-0894 SN - 0930-7575 N1 - weitere Autoren VL - 41 IS - 9-10 SP - 2555 EP - 2575 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Früh, Barbara A1 - Feldmann, Hendrik A1 - Panitz, Hans-Jürgen A1 - Schädler, Gerd A1 - Jacob, Daniela A1 - Lorenz, Peter A1 - Keuler, Klaus T1 - Determination of precipitation return values in complex terrain and their evaluation T2 - Journal of Climate Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1175/2009JCLI2685.1 SN - 1520-0442 VL - 23 IS - 9 SP - 2257 EP - 2274 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rudolph, Matthias A1 - Escotte, Laurent A1 - Dörner, Ralf T1 - Modeling Nonlinear White Noise in GaN HEMT Devices T2 - Frequenz Y1 - 2015 VL - 69 IS - 1-2 SP - 47 EP - 55 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Deneke, Rainer T1 - Review on rotifers and crustaceans in highly acidic environments of pH-values <=3 T2 - Hydrobiologia KW - zooplankton KW - mining lakes Y1 - 2000 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1004047510602 SN - 0018-8158 SN - 1573-5117 VL - 433 IS - 1-3 SP - 167 EP - 172 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wollmann, Kathrin A1 - Deneke, Rainer A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte A1 - Packroff, Gabriele T1 - Dynamics of planktonic food webs in three mining lakes across a pH gradient (pH 2-4) T2 - Hydrobiologia KW - geogentic acidic lakes KW - pH Y1 - 2000 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1004060732467 SN - 0018-8158 SN - 1573-5117 VL - 433 IS - 1-3 SP - 3 EP - 14 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wollmann, Kathrin T1 - Corixidae (Hemiptera, Heteroptera) in acidic mining lakes with pH <= 3 in Lusatia, Germany T2 - Hydrobiologia KW - Hemiptera KW - Acidic mining lakes Y1 - 2000 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1004051629258 SN - 0018-8158 SN - 1573-5117 IS - 1-3 SP - 181 EP - 183 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kleeberg, Andreas T1 - Sulfur losses through sulfide formation in sediment traps in dimictic eutrophic Lake Scharmützelsee, NE Germany T2 - Verhandlungen, International Association of Theoretical and Applied Limnology KW - sediment Y1 - 2000 SN - 0368-0770 VL - 27 SP - 2203 EP - 2207 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lessmann, Dieter A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte T1 - Acidification control of phytoplankton diversity, spatial distribution and trophy in mining lakes T2 - Verhandlungen, International Association of Theoretical and Applied Limnology KW - mining lakes Y1 - 2000 SN - 0368-0770 VL - 27 SP - 2208 EP - 2211 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mutz, Michael T1 - Near-bed flow of a quasi-natural lowland stream T2 - Verhandlungen, International Association of Theoretical and Applied Limnology KW - lowland streams Y1 - 2000 SN - 0368-0770 VL - 27 SP - 2444 EP - 2447 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Deneke, Rainer A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte T1 - On the occurrence of clear-water phases in relation to shallowness and trophic state: a comparative study T2 - Hydrobiologia KW - cyanobacteria KW - shallow lakes Y1 - 1999 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1017088008761 SN - 0018-8158 SN - 1573-5117 VL - 408-409 IS - 0 SP - 251 EP - 262 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kleeberg, Andreas A1 - Jendritzki, Doris A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte T1 - Surficial sediment composition as a record of environmental changes in the catchment of shallow Lake Petersdorf, Brandenburg, Germany T2 - Hydrobiologia KW - shallow lakes KW - sediment Y1 - 1999 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1017059330528 SN - 0018-8158 SN - 1573-5117 VL - 408-409 IS - 0 SP - 185 EP - 192 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lessmann, Dieter A1 - Deneke, Rainer A1 - Ender, Remo A1 - Hemm, Mike A1 - Kapfer, Maria A1 - Krumbeck, Hartwig A1 - Wollmann, Kathrin A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte T1 - Lake Plessa 107 (Lusatia, Germany) - an extremely acidic shallow mining lake T2 - Hydrobiologia KW - mining lakes Y1 - 1999 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1017038616513 SN - 0018-8158 SN - 1573-5117 VL - 408-409 IS - 0 SP - 293 EP - 299 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmitt, Mechthild A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte T1 - Spring phytoplankton dynamics in a shallow eutrophic lake T2 - Hydrobiologia KW - Phytoplankton Y1 - 1999 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1017096210578 SN - 0018-8158 SN - 1573-5117 VL - 408-409 IS - 0 SP - 269 EP - 276 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kleeberg, Andreas A1 - Kohl, Johannes-Günter T1 - Assessment of the long-term effectiveness of sediment dredging to reduce benthic phosphorus release in shallow Lake Müggelsee (Germany) T2 - Hydrobiologia KW - shallow lakes Y1 - 1999 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1003680425229 SN - 0018-8158 SN - 1573-5117 VL - 394 IS - 0 SP - 153 EP - 161 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Antwi, Effah Kwabena A1 - Boakye-Danquah, John A1 - Asabere, Stephen Boahen A1 - Takeuchi, Kazuhiko A1 - Wiegleb, Gerhard T1 - Land cover transformation in two post-mining landscapes subjected to different ages of reclamation since dumping of spoils T2 - SpringerPlus Y1 - 2014 UR - http://www.springerplus.com/content/3/1/702/abstract U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/2193-1801-3-702 SN - 2193-1801 VL - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Abugiche, Samuel Ajonina A1 - Wiegleb, Gerhard A1 - Fuashi, Nkwatoh Athanasius A1 - Hofer, Heribert T1 - Endangering the endangered: Are protected areas save heavens for threatened species in Cameroon? Case study of Banyang-Mbo Wildlife Sanctuary, South Western Cameroon T2 - Journal of Ecology and the Natural Environment Y1 - 2014 VL - 6 IS - 2 SP - 42 EP - 55 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Demars, Benoît O. L. A1 - Wiegleb, Gerhard A1 - Harper, David M. A1 - Bröring, Udo A1 - Brux, Holger A1 - Herr, Wolfgang T1 - Aquatic plant dynamics in lowland river networks: connectivity, management and climate change T2 - Water Y1 - 2014 UR - http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/6/4/868 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/w6040868 SN - 2073-4441 VL - 6 IS - 4 SP - 868 EP - 911 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wiegleb, Gerhard A1 - Bröring, Udo A1 - Filetti, Mirko A1 - Brux, Holger A1 - Herr, Wolfgang T1 - Long-term dynamics of macrophyte dominance and growth form types in two northwest German lowland streams T2 - Freshwater Biology Y1 - 2014 SN - 0046-5070 VL - 59 IS - 5 SP - 1012 EP - 1023 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gu, Xiaoying A1 - Haelewaters, Danny A1 - Krawczynski, René A1 - Vanpoucke, Sofie A1 - Wagner, Hans-Georg A1 - Wiegleb, Gerhard T1 - Carcass ecology - more than just beetles T2 - Entomologische Berichten Y1 - 2014 SN - 0013-8827 VL - 74 IS - 1-2 SP - 68 EP - 75 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Steffen, Kristina A1 - Leuschner, Christoph A1 - Müller, Uta A1 - Wiegleb, Gerhard A1 - Becker, Thomas T1 - Relationships between macrophyte vegetation and physical and chemical conditions in northwest German running waters T2 - Aquatic Botany Y1 - 2014 SN - 0304-3770 IS - 113 SP - 46 EP - 55 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wiegleb, Gerhard A1 - Bröring, Udo A1 - Choi, Gyewoon A1 - Dahms, Hans-Uwe A1 - Kanongdate, Kamalaporn A1 - Byeon, Chan-Woo A1 - Ler, Lian Guey T1 - Ecological restoration as precaution and not as restitutional compensation T2 - Biodiversity and Conservation Y1 - 2013 SN - 1572-9710 VL - 22 IS - 9 SP - 1931 EP - 1948 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wiegleb, Gerhard A1 - Kiehl, Kathrin A1 - Ott, Konrad A1 - Piechocki, Reinhard A1 - Potthast, Thomas A1 - Wiersbinski, Norbert T1 - Vilmer Thesen zu Renaturierung und Naturschutz T2 - Natur und Landschaft Y1 - 2013 SN - 0028-0615 VL - 88 IS - 5 SP - 220 EP - 224 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kanongdate, Kamalaporn A1 - Schmidt, Michael A1 - Krawczynski, René A1 - Wiegleb, Gerhard T1 - Has implementation of the precautionary principle failed to prevent biodiversity loss at the national level? T2 - Biodiversity and Conservation Y1 - 2012 SN - 1572-9710 VL - 21 IS - 13 SP - 3307 EP - 3322 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krawczynski, René A1 - Wiegleb, Gerhard T1 - Biodiversity management by water buffalos in restored wetlands T2 - Waldökologie, Landschaftsforschung und Naturschutz Y1 - 2010 SN - 1614-7103 IS - 10 SP - 17 EP - 22 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schoder, Melanie A1 - Armbruster, Udo A1 - Martin, Andreas T1 - Heterogen katalysierte Hydrierung von Kohlendioxid zu Methan unter erhöhten Drücken T2 - Chemie Ingenieur Technik KW - Katalyse Y1 - 2013 SN - 1522-2640 VL - 85 IS - 3 SP - 344 EP - 352 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lange, Felix A1 - Armbruster, Udo A1 - Martin, Andreas T1 - Heterogeneously-Catalyzed Hydrogenation of Carbon Dioxide to Methane using RuNi Bimetallic Catalysts T2 - Energy Technology KW - Katalyse Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.201402113 SN - 2194-4296 VL - 3 IS - 1 SP - 55 EP - 62 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Michael A1 - Bannick, K. T1 - Soil protection strategies in Brandenburg : Management of waste recycling on devastated areas subject to recultivation (soil protection in recultivation areas) T2 - Water, Air, and Soil Pollution Y1 - 1996 SN - 0049-6979 SN - 1573-2932 VL - 91 IS - 1-2 SP - 59 EP - 78 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Steinberg, C. E. W. A1 - Fyson, Andrew A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte T1 - Extrem saure Seen in Deutschland T2 - Biologie in unserer Zeit KW - Saure Seen Y1 - 1999 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/biuz.960290206 SN - 1521-415X VL - 29 IS - 2 SP - 98 EP - 109 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Orendt, Claus T1 - Chironomids as Bioindicators in Acidified Streams: A Contribution to the Acidity Tolerance of Chironomid Species with a Classification in Sensitivity Classes T2 - International Review of Hydrobiology KW - acidified streams Y1 - 1999 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/iroh.199900038 SN - 1522-2632 VL - 84 IS - 5 SP - 439 EP - 449 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fastner, Jutta A1 - Neumann, Uwe A1 - Wirsing, Birgit A1 - Weckesser, Jürgen A1 - Wiedner, Claudia A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte A1 - Chorus, Ingrid T1 - Microcystins (hepatotoxic heptapeptides) in German fresh water bodies T2 - Environmental Toxicology KW - Microcystins Y1 - 1999 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1522-7278(199902)14:1<13::AID-TOX4>3.0.CO;2-D SN - 1522-7278 VL - 14 IS - 1 SP - 13 EP - 22 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Antwi, Effah Kwabena A1 - Krawczynski, René A1 - Wiegleb, Gerhard T1 - Detecting the effect of disturbance on habitat diversity and land cover change in a post-mining area using GIS T2 - Landscape and Urban Planning Y1 - 2008 SN - 0169-2046 VL - 87 IS - 1 SP - 22 EP - 32 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knopp, Lothar A1 - Wiegleb, Gerhard A1 - Piroch, Ingmar T1 - Die neue Haftung für Schäden an der Biodiversität - zum Tatbestand der erheblichen Auswirkungen T2 - Natur und Recht Y1 - 2008 SN - 0172-1631 VL - 30 IS - 11 SP - 745 EP - 754 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tsi, E. A. A1 - Nji, A. A1 - Mbida, M. A1 - Wiegleb, Gerhard T1 - Estimated minimum and maximum sustainable exploitation values for Derby Eland and other big game in Benoue National Park, Cameroon T2 - Nature & Faune Y1 - 2008 VL - 23 IS - 1 SP - 27 EP - 32 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wiegleb, Gerhard A1 - Bolbrinker, P. A1 - Weyer, Klaus van de A1 - Wolff, P. T1 - Potamogeton-Hybriden in Deutschland T2 - Feddes Repertorium Y1 - 2008 SN - 0014-8962 SN - 1522-239X IS - 119 SP - 433 EP - 448 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tsi, E. A. A1 - Nji, A. A1 - Wiegleb, Gerhard A1 - Mühlenberg, M. T1 - The willinges to pay (WTP) for the conservation of wild animals: case of Derby Eland (Taurotragus derbianus gigas) and African Wild Dog (Lycaon pictus) in North Cameroon T2 - African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology : (AJEST) Y1 - 2008 SN - 1996-0786 VL - 2 IS - 3 SP - 51 EP - 58 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tsi, E. A. A1 - Wiegleb, Gerhard A1 - Peschel, Tim A1 - Forbid, G. T. T1 - Socio-economic characteristics of a community forest in the Western Highlands of Cameroon : Case of Ijim forest T2 - Global Journal of Agricultural Sciences Y1 - 2006 SN - 1596-2903 VL - 5 IS - 1 SP - 5 EP - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bröring, Udo A1 - Wiegleb, Gerhard T1 - Soil zoology II: Colonization, distribution and abundance of terrestrial Heteroptera in open landscapes of former brown coal mining areas T2 - Ecological Engineering Y1 - 2005 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2004.12.015 SN - 1872-6992 SN - 0925-8574 VL - 24 IS - 1-2 SP - 135 EP - 147 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bröring, Udo A1 - Mrzljak, Jadranka A1 - Niedringhaus, Rolf A1 - Wiegleb, Gerhard T1 - Soil zoology I: Arthropod communities in open landscapes of former brown coal mining areas T2 - Ecological Engineering Y1 - 2005 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2004.12.012 SN - 1872-6992 SN - 0925-8574 VL - 24 IS - 1-2 SP - 121 EP - 133 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wiegleb, Gerhard A1 - Bröring, Udo T1 - The position of epistemological emergentism in ecology T2 - Senckenbergiana Maritima Y1 - 1996 SN - 0080-889X SN - 1867-1616 VL - 27 IS - 3-6 SP - 179 EP - 193 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bröring, Udo A1 - Schulz, Friederike A1 - Wiegleb, Gerhard T1 - Niederlausitzer Bergbaufolgelandschaft: Erarbeitung von Leitbildern und Handlungskonzepten für die verantwortliche Gestaltung und nachhaltige Entwicklung ihrer naturnahen Bereiche T2 - Zeitschrift für Ökologie und Naturschutz Y1 - 1995 SN - 0940-5178 VL - 4 IS - 3 SP - 176 EP - 178 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Becker, R. A1 - Wiegleb, Gerhard A1 - Ziesmer, B. T1 - Die Wasser- und Ufervegetation der Hunte und ihrer Nebengewässer. Für einige Bereiche des Hunte-Gebietes zeigt sich dringender Sanierungsbedarf T2 - Wasser & Boden Y1 - 1994 SN - 0043-0951 VL - 46 IS - 8 SP - 38 EP - 53 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wiegleb, Gerhard T1 - Two new species of the genus Potamogeton L. (Potamogetonaceae) from Papua-New Guinea and the Solomon Islands T2 - Blumea : Journal of Plant Taxonomy and Plant Geography Y1 - 1993 SN - 0006-5196 VL - 37 IS - 2 SP - 379 EP - 384 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wiegleb, Gerhard A1 - Brux, Holger A1 - Herr, W. T1 - Human impact on the ecological performance of Potamogeton species in northwestern Germany T2 - Vegetatio Y1 - 1991 SN - 0042-3106 VL - 97 IS - 2 SP - 161 EP - 172 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hostrup, Olaf A1 - Wiegleb, Gerhard T1 - The influence of different CO2 concentrations in the light and in the dark on diurnal malate rhythm and PEP-carboxylase activities in leaves of Littorella uniflora (L.) Aschers T2 - Aquatic Botany Y1 - 1991 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3770(91)90076-H SN - 0304-3770 VL - 40 IS - 1 SP - 91 EP - 100 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Prach, Karel A1 - Bartha, Sandor A1 - Joyce, C. B. A1 - Pysek, P. A1 - Diggelen, R. van A1 - Wiegleb, Gerhard T1 - The role of spontaneous vegetation succession in ecosystem restoration: a perspective T2 - Applied Vegetation Science Y1 - 2001 SN - 1654-109X SN - 1402-2001 VL - 4 IS - 1 SP - 111 EP - 114 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wiegleb, Gerhard A1 - Felinks, Birgit T1 - Predictability of early stages of primary succession in post-mining landscapes of Lower Lusatia T2 - Applied Vegetation Science Y1 - 2001 SN - 1654-109X SN - 1402-2001 VL - 4 IS - 1 SP - 5 EP - 18 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wiegleb, Gerhard A1 - Felinks, Birgit T1 - Primary succession in post-mining landscapes of Lower Lusatia — chance or necessity T2 - Ecological Engineering Y1 - 2001 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-8574(00)00159-2 SN - 0925-8574 SN - 1872-6992 VL - 17 IS - 2-3 SP - 199 EP - 217 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mrzljak, Jadranka A1 - Wiegleb, Gerhard T1 - Spider colonization of former brown coal mining areas - time or structure dependent? T2 - Landscape and Urban Planning Y1 - 2000 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0169-2046(00)00104-3 SN - 0169-2046 SN - 0169-2046 VL - 51 IS - 2-4 SP - 131 EP - 146 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schulz, Friederike A1 - Wiegleb, Gerhard T1 - Development options of natural habitats in a post mining landscape T2 - Land Degradation & Development Y1 - 2000 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-145X(200003/04)11:2<99::AID-LDR368>3.0.CO;2-I SN - 1085-3278 SN - 1099-145X VL - 11 IS - 2 SP - 99 EP - 110 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Blaschke, Werner A1 - Donath, Helmut A1 - Fromm, H. A1 - Wiegleb, Gerhard T1 - Landscape characteristics and nature conservation in former brown-coal mining areas T2 - Die Vogelwelt Y1 - 1999 IS - 120 SP - 79 EP - 88 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Felinks, Birgit A1 - Hahn, B. A1 - Wiegleb, Gerhard T1 - Vegetationstypen der terrestrischen Bereiche in der Niederlausitzer Bergbaufolgelandschaft T2 - Archiv für Naturschutz und Landschaftsforschung Y1 - 1999 SN - 0003-9306 VL - 38 SP - 43 EP - 84 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wiegleb, Gerhard A1 - Kaplan, Zdeněk T1 - An account of the taxonomy of Potamogeton T2 - Folia Geobotanica Y1 - 1998 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03216205 SN - 1211-9520 VL - 33 IS - 3 SP - 241 EP - 316 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fromm, H. A1 - Hahn, B. A1 - Wiegleb, Gerhard T1 - Bodenfauna und Mikroorganismen in "Substraten" der Niederlausitzer Bergbaufolgelandschaft - Initiale für eine Bodenentwicklung? T2 - Mitteilungen der Deutschen Bodenkundlichen Gesellschaft Y1 - 1997 SN - 0343-107X IS - 83 SP - 153 EP - 157 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wiegleb, Gerhard T1 - Leitbildmethode und naturschutzfachliche Bewertung T2 - Zeitschrift für Ökologie und Naturschutz Y1 - 1997 SN - 1617-1381 SN - 0940-5178 IS - 6 SP - 43 EP - 62 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schöpke, Ralph T1 - Einsatz einer REV-Fluidzirkulationsanlage zur Bestimmung wasserlöslicher Bestandteile in Kippensanden T2 - Wasser & Boden Y1 - 1997 SN - 0043-0951 VL - 49 IS - 10 SP - 51 EP - 54 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schöpke, Ralph A1 - Koch, Roland A1 - Regel, Ralf A1 - Ouerfelli, Indra A1 - Striemann, Angelika T1 - Modellierung von durch periodisch schwankende Wasserstände gebildeten Elutionszonen im Uferbereich von Innenkippen T2 - Wasser & Boden Y1 - 1999 SN - 0043-0951 VL - 51 IS - 9 SP - 34 EP - 37 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schöpke, Ralph A1 - Koch, Roland A1 - Striemann, Angelika A1 - Preuß, Volker A1 - Regel, Ralf T1 - Experimentelle Bestimmung des maximalen Säurebildungs- bzw. Pufferungspotenzials von sulfidhaltigen Lockergesteinen T2 - Grundwasser : Zeitschrift der Fachsektion Hydrogeologie in der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft (FH-DGG) Y1 - 2002 SN - 1432-1165 SN - 1430-483X VL - 7 IS - 2 SP - 96 EP - 100 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jacob, Wolfgang A1 - Kapfer, Maria T1 - Morphologie und Taxonomie von Fadenalgen im sauren Tagebaurestsee Koschen (Lausitz, Brandenburg) T2 - Lauterbornia KW - Tagebauseen Y1 - 1999 SN - 0935-333 X IS - 35 SP - 71 EP - 80 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte A1 - Mischke, Ute A1 - Lessmann, Dieter T1 - Chrysophytes and chlamydomonads: pioneer colonists in extremely acidic mining lakes (pH <3) in Lusatia (Germany) T2 - Hydrobiologia KW - acidic lake Y1 - 1998 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1017010229136 SN - 0018-8158 SN - 1573-5117 VL - 369-370 IS - 0 SP - 315 EP - 327 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wiedner, Claudia A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte T1 - Success of chrysophytes, cryptophytes and dinoflagellates over blue-greens (cyanobacteria) during an extreme winter (1995/96) in eutrophic shallow lakes T2 - Hydrobiologia KW - Phytoplankton succession Y1 - 1998 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1017054011389 SN - 0018-8158 SN - 1573-5117 VL - 369-370 IS - 0 SP - 229 EP - 235 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schirrmann, Christian A1 - Costache, Florenta Adriana A1 - Bornhorst, Kirstin A1 - Pawlik, Boscij A1 - Rieck, Andreas A1 - Schenk, Harald T1 - Design an fabrication of a tunable two-fluid micro-lens device with a large deflection polymer actuator T2 - Procedia Engineering N2 - A large deflection polymer bending actuator was employed in the design of an integrated micro-lens with electrically adjustable focal length. This micro-lens consisted of micro-fluidic chambers bonded together and sealed by an elastomeric lens membrane to which the polymer actuator has been attached. For focal length optimization, the chambers could be filled with fluids of different refractive indices. The multilayered actuator of radial shape and the variable micro-lens chip design were optimized using 2D FEM simulations. Fabrication steps included bonding of polymer actuator stack with the elastomeric lens membrane on a micro-machined silicon wafer. For a tunable micro-lens with 3 mm aperture, a tuning range in optical power between 0 and more than 15 dpt was achieved. Y1 - 2014 SN - 1877-7058 N1 - Eurosensors XXVIII - The 28th European Conference on Solid-State Transducers 2014 IS - 87 SP - 1553 EP - 1556 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fyson, Andrew A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte A1 - Steinberg, C. E. W. T1 - Manipulation of the Sediment-Water Interface of Extremely Acidic Mining Lakes with Potatoes: Laboratory Studies with Intact Sediment Cores T2 - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution KW - Sediment-Water-Interface Y1 - 1998 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005190303508 SN - 0049-6979 SN - 1573-2932 VL - 108 IS - 3-4 SP - 353 EP - 363 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fyson, Andrew A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte A1 - Kalin, M. A1 - Steinberg, C. E. W. T1 - Mesocosm studies to assess acidity removal from acidic lakes through controlled eutrophication T2 - Ecological Engineering KW - acidic lake Y1 - 1998 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-8574(98)00007-X SN - 0925-8574 VL - 10 IS - 3 SP - 229 EP - 245 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte A1 - Deneke, Rainer T1 - Why ’very shallow‘ lakes are more successful opposing reduced nutrient loads T2 - Hydrobiologia KW - shallow lakes Y1 - 1997 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1017012012099 SN - 0018-8158 SN - 1573-5117 VL - 342-343 IS - 0 SP - 269 EP - 284 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mutz, Michael A1 - Elosegi, Arturo A1 - Piégay, Hervé T1 - Preface: physical template and river ecosystem functioning: interdisciplinary feedbacks for improving rivers T2 - Hydrobiologia KW - river ecosystem Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-013-1507-8 SN - 0018-8158 SN - 1573-5117 VL - 712 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Johst, Karin A1 - Drechsler, Martin A1 - Mewes, Melanie A1 - Sturm, Astrid A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - A novel modeling approach to evaluate the ecological effects of timing and location of grassland conservation measures T2 - Biological Conservation Y1 - 2015 SN - 0006-3207 IS - 182 SP - 44 EP - 52 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ganzhorn, Jörg U. A1 - Manjoazy, T. A1 - Päplow, O. A1 - Randrianavelona, R. A1 - Razafimanahaka, J. A1 - Ronto, W. M. A1 - Vogt, E. A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - Comment : Rights to trade for species conservation: exploring the issue of the radiated tortoise in Madagaskar T2 - Environmental Conservation Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/S0376892914000332 SN - 1469-4387 VL - 42 IS - 4 SP - 291 EP - 293 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kombat, Alex Moyem T1 - Economic Assessment of Environmental Taxes and Standards in Managing the Environmental Problems that Emanate from Oil and Gas Production on Ghana's Jubilee field T2 - Journal of International Real Estate and Construction Studies Y1 - 2013 VL - 3 IS - 1 SP - 33 EP - 50 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mutz, Michael T1 - Stream system restoration in a strip-mining region, eastern Germany: dimension, problems, and first steps T2 - Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems KW - open-cast mining Y1 - 1998 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0755(199801/02)8:1<159::AID-AQC273>3.0.CO;2-4 SN - 1099-0755 VL - 8 IS - 1 SP - 159 EP - 166 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kapfer, Maria T1 - Assessment of the Colonization and Primary Production of Microphytobenthos in the Littoral of Acidic Mining Lakes in Lusatia (Germany) T2 - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution KW - primary production Y1 - 1998 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005125916712 SN - 0049-6979 SN - 1573-2932 VL - 108 IS - 3-4 SP - 331 EP - 340 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kleeberg, Andreas T1 - The Quantification of Sulfate Reduction in Sulfate-Rich Freshwater Lakes - A Means for Predicting the Eutrophication Process of Acidic Mining Lakes? T2 - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution KW - acidic lake Y1 - 1998 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005194404417 SN - 0049-6979 SN - 1573-2932 VL - 108 IS - 3-4 SP - 365 EP - 374 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte A1 - Kapfer, Maria T1 - Stimulation of Phototrophic Pelagic and Benthic Metabolism Close to Sediments in Acidic Mining Lakes T2 - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution KW - acidic lake Y1 - 1998 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005165615804 SN - 0049-6979 SN - 1573-2932 VL - 108 IS - 3-4 SP - 317 EP - 330 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kozerski, Hans-Peter A1 - Kleeberg, Andreas T1 - The Sediments and Benthic-Pelagic Exchange in the Shallow Lake Müggelsee (Berlin, Germany) T2 - International Review of Hydrobiology KW - sediment Y1 - 1998 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/iroh.19980830109 SN - 1522-2632 VL - 83 IS - 1 SP - 77 EP - 112 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schöpke, Ralph A1 - Koch, Roland A1 - Mangold, Sylke A1 - Preuß, Volker A1 - Regel, Ralf A1 - Striemann, Angelika T1 - Entwicklung und Erprobung eines Verfahrens zur Untergrundentsäuerung von Kippengrundwässern T2 - Grundwasser Y1 - 2006 VL - 11 IS - 4 SP - 270 EP - 275 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schöpke, Ralph A1 - Preuß, Volker T1 - Bewertung der Acidität von bergbauversauerten Wässern und Anwendung auf die Sanierung T2 - Grundwasser Y1 - 2012 IS - 3 SP - 147 EP - 156 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schöpke, Ralph A1 - Koch, Roland A1 - Preuß, Volker A1 - Striemann, Angelika T1 - Anwendung von Testfiltern nach Sontheimer zur Auswahl von Substraten für eine anaerobe Wasserbehandlung T2 - GWF : Wasser, Abwasser N2 - Zur mikrobiellen Sulfatreduktion bergbauversauerter Wässer werden in Versuchsanlagen hohe Dosen organischer Substrate zudosiert. Die mögliche Beeinträchtigung nachfolgender Trinkwasseraufbereitung kann über die Bestimmung wasserwerksrelevanter Stoffe in Testfilteranlagen untersucht werden. Die Prüfung der Methodik ergab, dass zur Bestimmung wasserwerksrelevanter Stoffe im Ablauf von Anaerobreaktoren bereits einfache Belüftungsversuche ausreichen. Y1 - 2002 SN - 0016-3651 VL - 143 IS - 7-8 SP - 586 EP - 591 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schöpke, Ralph A1 - Kaiser, S. A1 - Koch, Roland A1 - Regel, Ralf A1 - Striemann, Angelika T1 - Experimentelle Bemessung von Enteisenungsfiltern am Beispiel einer Solebehandlung T2 - GWF : Wasser, Abwasser Y1 - 2006 SN - 0016-3651 VL - 147 IS - 6 SP - 439 EP - 444 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wach, Alexander A1 - Preuß, Volker A1 - Koch, Roland A1 - Kaiser, S. T1 - Untersuchung von Auswirkungen der diskontinuierlichen Filtration über halbgebrannten Dolomit in der Trinkwasseraufbereitung T2 - GWF : Wasser, Abwasser Y1 - 2009 SN - 0016-3651 VL - 150 IS - 1 SP - 46 EP - 51 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schöpke, Ralph A1 - Gast, Martin A1 - Walko, M. A1 - Haubold-Rosar, Michael A1 - Benthaus, Friedrich-Carl T1 - Entwicklung eines Sanierungsverfahrens für potenziell saure Kippengrundwässer im Lausitzer Braunkohlerevier T2 - GWF : Wasser, Abwasser Y1 - 2013 SN - 0016-3651 VL - 154 IS - 3 SP - 340 EP - 347 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gast, Martin A1 - Schöpke, Ralph A1 - Benthaus, Friedrich-Carl A1 - Walko, M. A1 - Haubold-Rosar, Michael T1 - Die Behandlung von schwefelsaurem Grundwasser durch mikrobiologische Sulfatreduktion im Lausitzer Braunkohlerevier T2 - Glückauf Y1 - 2011 VL - 147 IS - 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Preuß, Volker A1 - Riedel, Christopher A1 - Koch, Thomas A1 - Thürmer, Konrad A1 - Domanska, Magdalena T1 - Nanofiltration as an effektive tool of reducing sulphate concentration in mine water T2 - ACEE-Journal Y1 - 2012 SN - 1899-0142 VL - 5 IS - 3 SP - 127 EP - 132 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jenk, U. A1 - Zimmermann, U. A1 - Uhlig, U. A1 - Schöpke, Ralph A1 - Paul, M. T1 - In Situ Mine Water Treatment: Field Experiment at the Flooded Königstein Uranium Mine (Germany) T2 - Mine Water and the Environment Y1 - 2014 SN - 1616-1068 SN - 1025-9112 VL - 33 IS - 1 SP - 39 EP - 47 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Palekhov, Dmitry T1 - Нормативно-правовое обеспечение альтернативных технологий получения энергии на Украине T1 - Legal and Normative Provision of Alternative Technologies for Energy Production in Ukraine T2 - Scientific Bulletin of National Mining University KW - Ukraine KW - Renewable energy Y1 - 2003 SN - 2071-2227 IS - 2 SP - 95 EP - 98 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Palekhov, Dmitry T1 - Оценка эффективности солнечной фотоэлектрической станции T1 - Assessment of the Efficiency of a Solar Photovoltaic Plant T2 - Scientific Bulletin of National Mining University KW - Renewable energy KW - Solar photovoltaic plant KW - PV plant Y1 - 2003 SN - 2071-2227 IS - 12 SP - 94 EP - 98 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dolman, Andrew M. A1 - Wiedner, Claudia T1 - Predicting phytoplankton biomass and estimating critical N:P ratios with piecewise models that conform to Liebig’s law of the minimum T2 - Freshwater Biology KW - chlorophyll-a KW - nitrogen limitation Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/fwb.12518 SN - 1365-2427 SN - 0046-5070 VL - 60 IS - 4 SP - 686 EP - 697 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dolman, Andrew M. T1 - Macrophyte effects on algal turbidity in subtropical versus temperate lakes: a comment on Wang et al. (2014) T2 - Freshwater Biology KW - benthic vegetation KW - chlorophyll a Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/fwb.12455 SN - 1365-2427 VL - 59 IS - 12 SP - 2656 EP - 2658 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grüneberg, Björn A1 - Dadi, Tallent A1 - Lindim, Claudia A1 - Fischer, Helmut T1 - Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus load reduction on benthic phosphorus release in a riverine lake T2 - Biogeochemistry KW - P budget KW - Diffusive flux Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-014-0062-3 SN - 0168-2563 SN - 1573-515X ER - TY - GEN A1 - Utgenannt, Stephan A1 - Hansen, Felix A1 - Klepel, Olaf A1 - Jarczewski, Sebastian A1 - Wach, Anna A1 - Kuśtrowski, Piotr T1 - Control of porosity and composition of carbon based catalysts prepared by template assisted routes T2 - Catalysis Today KW - Heterogeneous catalysis Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2014.10.036 SN - 0920-5861 VL - Vol. 249 SP - 38 EP - 44 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bolz, Sebastian A1 - Oehring, Michael A1 - Lindemann, Janny A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Paul, Jonathan A1 - Stark, Andreas A1 - Lippmann, Thomas A1 - Roth-Fagaraseanu, Dan A1 - Schreyer, Andreas A1 - Weiß, Sabine A1 - Schrüfer, Susanne T1 - Microstructure and mechanical properties of a forged beta-solidifying gamma TiAl alloy in different heat treatment conditions T2 - Intermetallics Y1 - 2015 VL - 2015 IS - 58 SP - 71 EP - 83 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Bauer, Alexander A1 - Göken, Mathias A1 - Lorenz, Uwe A1 - Neumeier, Steffen A1 - Oehring, Michael A1 - Paul, Jonathan A1 - Schell, Norbert A1 - Schreyer, Andreas A1 - Symanzik, Felix T1 - The effect of tungsten content on the properties of L12-hardened Co-Al-W alloys T2 - Journal of Alloys and Compounds Y1 - 2015 SN - 0925-8388 IS - 632 SP - 110 EP - 115 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Salih, M. Z. A1 - Uhlarz, M. A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Brokmeier, Heinz Günter A1 - Weidenfeller, Bernd A1 - Al-hamdany, N. A1 - Zhong, Z. A1 - Schell, N. A1 - Gan, Weimin T1 - The effect of magnetic annealing on crystallographic texture and microstructure of Fe-2.6% Si T2 - Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2015.01.004 SN - 0304-8853 IS - 381 SP - 350 EP - 359 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Zhi A1 - Prashanth, Konda G. A1 - Chaubey, Anil K. A1 - Löber, Lukas A1 - Schimansky, Frank-Peter A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Zhang, W. W. A1 - Scudino, Sergio A1 - Eckert, Jürgen T1 - Tensile properties of Al–12Si matrix composites reinforced with Ti–Al-based particles T2 - Journal of Alloys and Compounds Y1 - 2015 SN - 0925-8388 IS - 630 SP - 256 EP - 259 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Felinks, Birgit A1 - Pilarski, Monika A1 - Wiegleb, Gerhard T1 - Vegetation survey in the former brown coal mining area of eastern Germany by integrating remote sensing and ground-based methods T2 - Applied Vegetation Science Y1 - 1998 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2307/1478953 SN - 1402-2001 SN - 1654-109X VL - 1 IS - 2 SP - 233 EP - 240 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Priesching, Peter A1 - Tatschl, Reinhard A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Saric, Fikret A1 - Netzell, Karl A1 - Bauer, W. A1 - Schmidt, Markus L. A1 - Leipertz, Alfred A1 - Merola, Simona Silvia A1 - Vaglieco, Bianca Maria T1 - Soot Particle Size Distribution - a Joint Work for Kinetic Modelling and Experimental Investigations T2 - SAE Technical Papers N2 - The intention of the presented work was to develop a new simulation tool that fits into a CFD (computational fluid dynamics) workflow and provides information about the soot particle size distribution. Additionally it was necessary to improve and use state-of-the-art measurement techniques in order to be able to gain more knowledge about the behavior of the soot particles and to validate the achieved simulation results. The work has been done as a joint research financed by the European Community under FP5. Y1 - 2005 SN - 0148-7191 SN - 0096-5170 IS - 2005-24-053 SP - 1 EP - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tuner, Martin A1 - Pasternak, Michal A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Bensler, H. T1 - A PDF-Based Model for Full Cycle Simulation of Direct Injected Engines T2 - SAE Technical Papers N2 - In one-dimensional engine simulation programs the simulation of engine performance is mostly done by parameter fitting in order to match simulations with experimental data. The extensive fitting procedure is especially needed for emissions formation - CO, HC, NO, soot - simulations. An alternative to this approach is, to calculate the emissions based on detailed kinetic models. This however demands that the in-cylinder combustion-flow interaction can be modeled accurately, and that the CPU time needed for the model is still acceptable. PDF based stochastic reactor models offer one possible solution. They usually introduce only one (time dependent) parameter - the mixing time - to model the influence of flow on the chemistry. They offer the prediction of the heat release, together with all emission formation, if the optimum mixing time is given. Hence parameter fitting for a number of kinetic processes, that depend also on the in cylinder flow conditions is replaced by a single parameter fitting for the turbulent mixing time. In this work a PDF based model was implemented and coupled to the full cycle engine simulation tool, WAVE, and calculations were compared to engine experiments. Modeling results show good agreement with the experiments and show that PDF based Dl models can be used for fast and accurate simulation of Dl engine emissions and performance. Y1 - 2008 SN - 0096-5170 SN - 0148-7191 IS - 2008-01-1606 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rathsack, Kristina A1 - Böllmann, Jörg A1 - Martienssen, Marion T1 - Comparative Study of Different Methods for Analyzing Denitrifying Bacteria in Fresh Water Ecosystems T2 - Journal of Water Resource and Protection N2 - Bacteria capable of denitrification play a significant role in the nitrogen cycle of freshwater ecosystems. By metabolizing nitrogen compounds they e.g. counteract the eutrophication of natural waters. To get detailed insights into the in situ turnover rates of nitrogen a reliable tool of quantification for active microorganisms is essential. In the present investigation, quantification capabilities of a molecular tool (Polymerase Chain Reaction—PCR) and a cultivation based tool (Most probable number—MPN) were investigated and compared. The total bacterial concentration yielded by the molecular PCR approach was up to 6-fold higher compared to the results of the MPN approach. However, the portion of culturable denitrifying bacteria compared to the number of specific gene copies (nirS) was much lower. Depending on the environmental conditions, the difference between the PCR and the MPN approach was up to three orders of magnitude. From lab scale experiments with a pure P. aeroginosa strain it can be concludes, that these differences are not the result of inappropriate culture conditions but rather reflect the portion of so called viable but not culturable bacteria (VBNC). Low nitrate concentrations as found in many fresh water ecosystems induced a significant increase in the portion of non culturable denitrifying bacteria. Referred to the investigation of dynamic populations, the number of metabolic active bacteria is represented by the MPN rather than by the PCR approach. Y1 - 2014 SN - 1945-3094 SN - 1945-3108 VL - 6 IS - 6 SP - 609 EP - 617 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rathsack, Kristina T1 - Unerwünschte Bewohner : Wasserasseln und andere Makroorganismen in Trinkwasserversorgungsnetzen T2 - IKZ Haustechnik : Magazin für Gebäude- und Energietechnik, Sonderheft Trinkwasserhygiene 2013 Y1 - 2013 IS - Sonderheft ER - TY - GEN A1 - Böllmann, Jörg A1 - Schöller, Markus T1 - Life cycle and life strategy features of Puccinia glechomatis (Uredinales) favorable for extending the natural range of distribution T2 - Mycoscience Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10267-006-0282-z SN - 1340-3540 VL - 47 IS - 3 SP - 152 EP - 158 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Böllmann, Jörg A1 - Scholler, Markus T1 - Glechoma hederacea (Lamiaceae) in North America: invasion history and current distribution T2 - Feddes Repertorium Y1 - 2004 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/fedr.200311035 SN - 0014-8962 SN - 1522-239X VL - 115 IS - 1-2 SP - 178 EP - 188 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Balthasar, M. A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Wang, H. T1 - A computational study of the thermal ionization of soot particles and its effect on their growth in laminar premixed flames T2 - Combustion and Flame Y1 - 2002 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-2180(02)00344-9 SN - 1556-2921 VL - 129 IS - 1-2 SP - 204 EP - 216 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rathsack, Kristina A1 - Reitner, Joachim A1 - Stackebrandt, E. A1 - Tindall, B. J. T1 - Reclassification of Aurantimonas altamirensis (Jurado et al. 2006), Aurantimonas ureilytica (Weon et al. 2007) and Aurantimonas frigidaquae (Kim et al. 2008) as members of a new genus, Aureimonas gen. nov., as Aureimonas altamirensis gen. nov., comb. nov., Aureimonas ureilytica comb. nov. and Aureimonas frigidaquae comb. nov., and emended descriptions of the genera Aurantimonas and Fulvimarina T2 - International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology : IJSEM Y1 - 2011 SN - 1466-5034 VL - 61 IS - 11 SP - 2722 EP - 2728 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rathsack, Kristina A1 - Stackebrandt, E. A1 - Reitner, Joachim A1 - Schumann, G. T1 - Microorganisms Isolated from Deep Sea Low-temperature Influenced Oceanic Crust Basalts and Sediment Samples Collected along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge T2 - Geomicrobiology journal Y1 - 2009 SN - 0149-0451 VL - 26 IS - 4 SP - 264 EP - 274 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nayernia, Karim A1 - Nolte, Jessica A1 - Michelmann, Hans W. A1 - Lee, Jae Ho A1 - Rathsack, Kristina A1 - Drusenheimer, Nadja A1 - Dev, Arvind A1 - Wulf, Gerald A1 - Ehrmann, Ingrid E. A1 - Elliott, David J. A1 - Okpanyi, Vera A1 - Zechner, Ulrich A1 - Haaf, Thomas A1 - Meinhardt, Andreas A1 - Engel, Wolfgang T1 - In Vitro-Differentiated Embryonic Stem Cells Give Rise to Male Gametes that Can Generate Offspring Mice T2 - Developmental Cell Y1 - 2006 SN - 1534-5807 SN - 1878-1551 VL - 11 IS - 1 SP - 125 EP - 132 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nolte, Jessica A1 - Rathsack, Kristina A1 - Drusenheimer, Nadja A1 - Dev, Arvind A1 - Zechner, Ulrich A1 - Haaf, Thomas A1 - Meinhardt, Andreas A1 - Michelmann, Hans W. A1 - Nayernia, Karim A1 - Engel, Wolfgang T1 - Männliche Keimzellen aus embryonalen Stammzellen T2 - Medizinische Genetik Y1 - 2007 SN - 0936-5931 VL - 19 IS - 1 SP - 10 EP - 17 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lazzaro, Anna A1 - Risse-Buhl, Ute A1 - Brankatschk, Robert T1 - Molecular and morphological snapshot characterisation of the protist communities in contrasting alpine glacier forefields T2 - Acta Protozoologica KW - Ciliates Y1 - 2015 SN - 0065-1583 SN - 1689-0027 VL - 54 IS - 2 SP - 143 EP - 154 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Olbrich, R. A1 - Wilkens, Henrik A1 - Oelke, R. A1 - Wollschläger, Joachim A1 - Zöllner, Marvin Hartwig A1 - Schroeder, Thomas A1 - Reichling, M. T1 - A well-structured metastable ceria surface T2 - Applied Physics Letters Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4866667 VL - 104 IS - 8 SP - 081910-1 EP - 081910-4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pasternak, Michal A1 - Nakov, Galin A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Lehtiniemi, Harry T1 - Aspects of 0D and 3D Modeling of Soot Formation for Diesel Engines T2 - Combustion Science and Technology Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/00102202.2014.935213 SN - 1563-521X SN - 0010-2202 VL - 186 IS - 10-11 SP - 1517 EP - 1535 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Orgas, Steffen T1 - Das Koppentor - Ein siebenter Stadtzugang für Anklam und der Pulverturm T2 - Baltische Studien : Pommersche Jahrbücher für Landesgeschichte KW - Anklam KW - Koppentor KW - Stadtbefestigung KW - Wehranlage Y1 - 2015 SN - 0067-3099 IS - N.F., Bd. 100 SP - 73 EP - 82 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Haijing A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Wieprecht, Wolfgang A1 - Möller, Detlev T1 - A predictive method for crude oil volatile organic compounds emission from soil: Evaporation and diffusion behavior investigation of binary gas mixtures T2 - Environmental Science and Pollution Research N2 - Due to their mobility and toxicity, crude oil volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are representative components for oil pipeline contaminated sites detection. Therefore, contaminated location risk assessment, with airborne light detection and ranging (LIDAR) survey, in particular, requires ground-based determinative methods for oil VOCs, the interaction between oil VOCs and soil, and information on how they diffuse from underground into atmosphere. First, we developed a method for determination of crude oil VOC binary mixtures (take n-pentane and n-hexane as examples), taking synergistic effects of VOC mixtures on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fibers into consideration. Using this method, we further aim to extract VOCs from small volumes, for example, from soil pores, using a custom-made sampling device for nondestructive SPME fiber intrusion, and to study VOC transport through heterogeneous porous media. Second, specific surface Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis was conducted and used for estimation of VOC isotherm parameters in soil. Finally, two models were fitted for VOC emission prediction, and the results were compared to the experimental emission results. It was found that free diffusion mode worked well, and an empirical correction factor seems to be needed for the other model to adapt to our condition for single and binary systems. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-014-4049-3 SN - 0944-1344 SN - 1614-7499 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Subbotina, Maria T1 - Climatic and soil texture threshold values for cryptogamic cover development: a meta analysis T2 - Biologia N2 - In a global meta study, which contained 157 biological soil crust (BSC) samples from all climatic regions worldwide, climatic and soil texture threshold values favoring BSC development were derived. Response variable was the “relative crust biomass”, which was computed per literature source as the ratio between each individual crust biomass value of the given study to the study maximum value reported. Four crust types were distinguished: cyanobacterial, lichen, green algal and moss crusts. To quantify threshold conditions at which crust biomass responded to differences in texture and climate, we (I) determined correlations between bioclimatic variables, (II) calculated generalized linear models to determine the effect of typical climatic variables with soil clay content and with study site as a random effect. (III) Thresholds of climatic and texture effects were identified using a regression tree. Three mean annual temperature classes for texture dependent BSC growth limitation were identified: (1) <9°C with a threshold value of 25% silt and clay (limited growth on coarser soils), (2) 9–19°C, where texture did have no influence on relative crust biomass, and (3) >19°C at soils with <4 or >17% silt and clay. Non of the precipitation related bioclimatic variables did influence the relative crust biomass significantly. Because biocrust development is limited under certain climatic and soil texture conditions, it is suggested to consider soil texture in biogeochemical modeling of cryptogamic ground covers. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2478/s11756-014-0464-7 SN - 1336-9563 SN - 0006-3088 VL - 69 IS - 11 SP - 1520 EP - 1530 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hildebrandt, Sven A1 - Peter, Ay T1 - Rollagglomeration und Wickelverfahren - Durchbruch in der Langfaseraufbereitung nachwachsender Rohstoffe T2 - Forum der Forschung KW - Faseraufbereitung, Agglomeration, Bastfasern Y1 - 2004 SN - 0947-6989 VL - 8 IS - 17 SP - 106 EP - 111 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Steffens, S. A1 - Becker, C. A1 - Amkreutz, Daniel A1 - Klossek, André A1 - Kittler, Martin A1 - Chen, Y.-Y. A1 - Schnegg, Alexander A1 - Klingsporn, Max A1 - Abou-Ras, Daniel A1 - Lips, Klaus A1 - Rech, Bernd T1 - Impact of Dislocations and Dangling Bond Defects on The Electrical Performance of Crystalline Silicon Thin Films T2 - Applied Physics Letters Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4890625 SN - 1077-3118 SN - 0003-6951 VL - 105 IS - 2 SP - 022108 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mewes, Melanie A1 - Drechsler, Martin A1 - Johst, Karin A1 - Sturm, Astrid A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - A systematic approach for assessing spatially and temporally differentiated opportunity costs of biodiversity conservation measures in grasslands T2 - Agricultural Systems Y1 - 2015 SN - 0308-521X VL - 137 SP - 76 EP - 88 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klepel, Olaf A1 - Taubert, Michael A1 - Heider, Robert A1 - Erlitz, Marcel A1 - Hille, Eva A1 - Lange, Andreas A1 - Enke, Dirk T1 - Synthese von porösen Kohlenstoffmonolithen unter Verwendung von Porenbeton als Templat. Teil II: Untersuchungen mechanischer Eigenschaften T2 - Chemie Ingenieur Technik Y1 - 2015 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cite.201400089/pdf U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cite.201400089 SN - 1522-2640 SN - 0009-286X VL - 87 IS - 7 SP - 998 EP - 1002 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Das, Chittaranjan A1 - Tallarida, Massimo A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Si microstructures laminated with a nanolayer of TiO2 as long-term stable and effective photocathodes in PEC devices T2 - Nanoscale N2 - Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting is one of the most emerging fields for green energy generation and storage. Here we show a study of microstructured Si covered by a TiO2 nano-layer. The microstructures are prepared by galvanostatic selective etching of Si. The TiO2 nano-layer was deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD) to protect the microstructured photocathode against corrosion. The obtained microstructured photocathode showed a shift in the onset potential of 400 mV towards the anodic direction compared to bare Si. The Si microstructures laminated with a nano-layer of TiO2 show stability over 60 hours of measurement. KW - water splitting KW - photocorrosion KW - protection layer KW - photoelectrochemical device (PEC device) KW - atomic layer deposition (ALD) KW - silicon (Si) KW - titanum oxide (TiO2) KW - microstructure Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/C5NR00764J SN - 2040-3364 SN - 2040-3372 IS - 7 SP - 7726 EP - 7733 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reiche, Manfred A1 - Kittler, Martin A1 - Übensee, Hartmut A1 - Pippel, Eckhard A1 - Hopfe, Sigrid T1 - Dislocations as Native Nanostructures - Electronic Properties T2 - Advances in Nano Research Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.12989/anr.2014.2.1.001 SN - 2287-2388 SN - 2287-237X VL - 2 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 14 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reiche, Manfred A1 - Kittler, Martin A1 - Erfurth, Wilfried A1 - Pippel, Eckhard A1 - Sklarek, Kornelia A1 - Blumtritt, Horst A1 - Haehnel, Angelika A1 - Übensee, Hartmut T1 - On the Electronic Properties of a Single Dislocation T2 - Journal of Applied Physics Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4876265 SN - 1089-7550 VL - 115 IS - 19 SP - 194303 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reiche, Manfred A1 - Kittler, Martin A1 - Übensee, Hartmut A1 - Pippel, Eckhard A1 - Erfurth, Wilfried T1 - Single Dislocations as Nanostructure Devices: Physics and Applications T2 - ECS Transactions Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1149/06411.0267ecst VL - 64 IS - 11 SP - 267 EP - 281 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reiche, Manfred A1 - Kittler, Martin A1 - Schmelz, Matthias A1 - Stolz, Ronny A1 - Pippel, Eckhard A1 - Übensee, Hartmut A1 - Kermann, M. A1 - Ortlepp, Thomas T1 - Single-Electron Transitions In One-Dimensional Native Nanostructures T2 - Journal of Physics: Conference Series Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/568/5/052024 SN - 1742-6588 VL - 568 SP - 052024 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schade, Martin A1 - Mchedlidze, Teimuraz A1 - Kittler, Martin A1 - Leipner, Hartmut S. T1 - Light Induced Crystallization of an Amorphous Silicon Film Embedded Between Silicon Oxide Layers T2 - Physica Status Solidi B Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pssb.201349143 VL - 251 IS - 2 SP - 439 EP - 445 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwartz, Bernhard A1 - Klossek, Andre A1 - Kittler, Martin A1 - Oehme, Michael A1 - Kasper, Erich A1 - Schulze, Jörg T1 - Electroluminescence of Germanium-LEDs on Silicon T2 - Physica Status Solidi C Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pssc.201400056 VL - 11 IS - 11-12 SP - 1686 EP - 1691 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Brinkmann, Nicole A1 - Hodač, Ladislav A1 - Mohr, Kathrin I. A1 - Hodačova, Alena A1 - Jahn, Regine A1 - Ramm, Jessica A1 - Hallmann, Christine A1 - Arp, Gernot A1 - Friedl, Thomas T1 - Cyanobacteria and diatoms in biofilms of two karstic streams in Germany and changes of their communities along calcite saturation gradients T2 - Geomicrobiology Journal KW - cyanobacteria KW - diatoms Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/01490451.2014.901438 SN - 0149-0451 SN - 1521-0529 VL - 32 IS - 3-4 SP - 255 EP - 274 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hodač, Ladislav A1 - Brinkmann, Nicole A1 - Mohr, Kathrin I. A1 - Arp, Gernot A1 - Hallmann, Christine A1 - Ramm, Jessica A1 - Spitzer, Karolin A1 - Friedl, Thomas T1 - Diversity of microscopic green algae (Chlorophyta) in calcifying biofilms of two karstic streams in Germany T2 - Geomicrobiology Journal KW - 18S rRNA phylogeny KW - Chlorophyceae KW - Chlorophyta Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/01490451.2013.878418 SN - 0149-0451 SN - 1521-0529 VL - 32 IS - 3-4 SP - 275 EP - 290 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Oehme, Michael A1 - Kostecki, Konrad A1 - Arguirov, Tzanimir V. A1 - Mussler, Gregor A1 - Ye, Kaiheng A1 - Gollhofer, Martin A1 - Schmid, Marc A1 - Kaschel, Mathias A1 - Körner, Roman A1 - Kittler, Martin A1 - Buca, Dan A1 - Kasper, Erich A1 - Schulze, Jörg T1 - GeSn Heterojunction LEDs on Si Substrates T2 - IEEE Photonics Technology Letters Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/LPT.2013.2291571 SN - 1041-1135 VL - 26 IS - 2 SP - 187 EP - 189 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Oehme, Michael A1 - Widmann, Daniel A1 - Kostecki, Konrad A1 - Zaumseil, Peter A1 - Schwartz, Bernhard A1 - Gollhofer, Martin A1 - Körner, Roman A1 - Bechler, Stefan A1 - Kittler, Martin A1 - Kasper, Erich A1 - Schulze, Jörg T1 - GeSn/Ge Multi Quantum Well Photodetectors on Si Substrates T2 - Optics Letters Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.39.004711 SN - 1539-4794 VL - 39 IS - 16 SP - 4711 EP - 4714 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reiche, Manfred A1 - Kittler, Martin A1 - Übensee, Hartmut A1 - Krause, Michael A1 - Pippel, Eckhard T1 - Trap-Assisted Tunneling on Extended Defects in Tunnel Field-Effect Transistors T2 - Japanese Journal of Applied Physics Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.7567/JJAP.53.04EC03 SN - 1347-4065 VL - 53 IS - 4S, 04EC03 SP - 1 EP - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lange, Carsten A1 - Schneider, Matthias A1 - Mutz, Michael A1 - Haustein, Martin A1 - Halle, Martin A1 - Seidel, Michael T1 - Model-based design for restoration of a small urban river T2 - Journal of Hydro-environment Research KW - urban river Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jher.2015.04.003 SN - 1570-6443 VL - 9 IS - 2 SP - 226 EP - 236 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoffmann, Jan T1 - Environmental due diligence – Die OECD-Leitsätze für multinationale Unternehmen T2 - Zeitschrift für Umweltpolitik & Umweltrecht : ZfU N2 - Die Organisation für wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung (OECD) gibt seit beinahe vier Jahrzehnten sog. Leitsätze für multinationale Unternehmen heraus. Dabei handelt es sich um Empfehlungen von Regierungen für ein verantwortungsvolles unternehmerisches Handeln im globalen Kontext. Seit 1991 enthalten die Leitsätze ein Umweltkapitel. Die aktuelle 2011er Fassung der OECD-Leitsätze nimmt der Verfasser zum Anlass, diese aus dem Blickwinkel des Umweltrechts zu betrachten und auf eine etwaige Vorbildwirkung für das nationale Umwelt(unternehmens)recht zu untersuchen. Er gelangt zu der Erkenntnis, dass die Leitsätze einen praxisgerechten Wegweiser in Richtung einer umweltgerechten Unternehmensführung aufstellen. KW - OECD, Leitsätze, Umwelt Y1 - 2012 SN - 0931-0983 VL - 35 IS - 4 SP - 399 EP - 429 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pohle, Ina A1 - Koch, Hagen A1 - Conradt, Tobias A1 - Gädeke, Anne A1 - Grünewald, Uwe T1 - Potential impacts of climate change and regional anthropogenic activities in Central European mesoscale catchments T2 - Hydrological Sciences Journal – Journal des Sciences Hydrologiques N2 - The Soil and Water Integrated Model (SWIM) was used to assess potential climate and land-use change impacts in the Central European catchments of Schwarze Elster, Spree and Lusatian Neisse which are heavily influenced by opencast lignite mining. To account for potential climate change, scenarios of two statistical regional climate models, STAR and WettReg, were used. Regional anthropogenic change was considered in terms of increasing cultivation of energy crops (oilseed rape, silage maize, sunflower and sorghum) and decreasing mining activities (decreasing groundwater depression cone). In the climate scenarios, decreased natural discharge, by up to 60% in the long-term average, was simulated. In simulations with climate scenarios and oilseed rape, this effect is halved; the other energy crops have a small additional impact on discharge. The decreasing groundwater depression cone slightly compensates for climate change impacts. Overall, potential impacts of regional anthropogenic activities are secondary to those of climate change. N2 - Le modèle intégré sol et eau (SWIM) a été utilisé pour évaluer les impacts potentiels des changements climatiques et d’utilisation du sol dans les bassins versants de l’Elster Noire, de la Spree et de la Neis-se de Lusace, qui sont fortement influencés par l’exploitation minière à ciel ouvert de lignite. Pour tenir compte des changements climatiques potentiels, on a utilisé les scénarios de deux modèles climatiques statistiques régionaux, STAR et WettReg. Les changements anthropiques régionaux ont été pris en compte en considérant une augmentation des cultures énergétiques (colza, tournesol, maïs ensilage et sorgho) et une diminution des activités minières (diminution du cône de dépression de la nappe). Dans les scénarios climatiques, une diminution du débit moyen naturel allant jusqu’à 60% a été simulée sur le long terme. Dans les simulations avec des scénarios climatiques et le colza, cet effet est réduit de moitié, les autres cultures énergétiques ayant peu d’impact supplémentaire sur les débits. La diminution du cône de dépression des eaux souterraines compense légèrement les impacts du changement climatique. Globalement, les impacts potentiels des activités anthropiques régionales sont secondaires par rapport à ceux des changements climatiques. KW - climate change KW - hydrology KW - SWIM KW - land-use change KW - bioenergy KW - mining KW - changement climatique KW - changement d’utilisation du sol KW - bioénergie KW - exploitation minière Y1 - 2015 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2014.968571 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2014.968571 SN - 0262-6667 SN - 2150-3435 N1 - Special issue: Evaluation of Water Resources with SWAT VL - 60 IS - 5 SP - 912 EP - 928 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maywald, Thomas A1 - Beirow, Bernd A1 - Kühhorn, Arnold T1 - Mistuning und Dämpfung von Radialturbinenrädern T2 - MTZ - Motortechnische Zeitschrift N2 - Moderne Verbrennungskraftmaschinen müssen ein stetig wachsendes Anforderungsprofil in Bezug auf Wirtschaftlichkeit, Leistung und Umweltfreundlichkeit erfüllen. In diesem Zusammenhang hat die Turboaufladung von Verbrennungsmotoren an Bedeutung gewonnen. Bei Turboladern kleiner und mittlerer Baugröße, deren Turbinen einen Durchmesser zwischen 30 und 250 mm aufweisen, kommen vornehmlich gegossene Laufräder zum Einsatz. Am Institut für Verkehrstechnik der Brandenburgischen Technischen Universität Cottbus-Senftenberg wurde im Rahmen eines FVV-Forschungsvorhabens der Einfluss charakteristischer Betriebsgrößen eines Turboladers auf das strukturdynamische Verhalten solcher Radialturbinenräder untersucht. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s35146-015-0043-7 SN - 2192-8843 VL - 76 IS - 06 SP - 68 EP - 75 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoffmann, Jan T1 - Umweltmanagementsysteme waren gestern? Zur Verbreitung von EMAS und der ISO-Norm 14001 in Deutschland T2 - Zeitschrift für Umweltrecht : ZUR N2 - Vor zwei Jahrzehnten galten Umweltmanagementsysteme als Heilsbringer auf dem Weg zu einer umweltorientierten Unternehmensführung. Dem Gemeinschaftssystem für das Umweltmanagement und die Umweltbetriebsprüfung (EMAS I: 1993) folgte 1996 die DIN EN ISO 14001. Der Beitrag geht der Frage nach, wie verbreitet diese Systeme heute in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland sind. KW - Umweltmanagementsysteme, EMAS, ISO 14001 Y1 - 2014 SN - 0943-383X IS - 2 SP - 81 EP - 84 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Haijing A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Wieprecht, Wolfgang A1 - Möller, Detlev T1 - A predictive method for volatile organic compounds emission from soil: Evaporation and diffusion behavior investigation of a representative component of crude oil T2 - Science of the Total Environment Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.05.063 SN - 1879-1026 VL - 530-531 SP - 38 EP - 44 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoffmann, Jan T1 - The meaning of environment in the German legal order T2 - Wroclaw Review of Law, Administration & Economics N2 - The definition of the term ‘environment’ is a key issue in environmental law. The broader the definition, the wider the field of environmental law. In order to substantiate the term, some legal orders define it comprehensively, while others do not. In the absence of an Environmental Law Code (Umweltgesetzbuch), the German legal order does not. However, with judicial means of interpretation the author analyses the German understanding of the term. As a result the author concludes that ‘environment’ in Germany at present means: medial – water, soil and atmospheric air; vital – humans, animals and plants; natural-cultural – landscapes; objective – certain material property, and integrative – the observance of the interaction between these components. As a comparative interpretation of the term indicates, this meaning is consistent with European Union environmental law. KW - Umwelt, Umweltbegriff, Definition Umwelt Y1 - 2014 UR - http://wrlae.prawo.uni.wroc.pl/index.php/wrlae/article/view/73 SN - 2084-1264 VL - 4 IS - 1 SP - 54 EP - 60 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stollberg, Christian A1 - Peda, Stefan A1 - Smieszek, Marlene A1 - Gerath, H. A1 - Jurischka, Constantin A1 - Ay, Peter T1 - New Downstream approaches for highly pure substances and bio fine chemicals from plant materials T2 - Agricultural Engineering : Research papers KW - bio fine chemicals Y1 - 2011 SN - 1392-1134 N1 - International scientific conference, Agriculture and Environment 2011, Kaunoraj, Litauen VL - 43 IS - 3 SP - 58 EP - 66 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nagel, Manfred A1 - Ay, Peter T1 - Characterization of floc structure using cluster analysis T2 - Particle and Particle Systems Characterization KW - cluster analysis Y1 - 1999 SN - 1521-4117 VL - 16 IS - 5 SP - 229 EP - 237 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stypula, Diana T1 - Koncepcja nieważności aktu administracyjnego w niemieckiej ustawie o postępowaniu administracyjnym T2 - Zeszyty Naukowe Sądownictwa Administracyjnego KW - Nichtige Verwaltungsakte KW - Polen Y1 - 2008 SN - 1734-803X IS - 5 SP - S. 195 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Becker, Carlo W. A1 - Corts, Katinka A1 - Stokman, Martin T1 - Zeitenwandel: Der Senftenberger Stadthafen - Bau der Woche T2 - German-Architects KW - Freiraumplanung KW - Stadtentwicklung Y1 - 2014 UR - http://www.german-architects.com/de/projects/44717_Stadthafen_Senftenberg IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Becker, Carlo W. T1 - Das eine tun, das andere nicht lassen! Strategien für eine klimagerechte Stadtentwicklung T2 - Natur in Berlin : Naturerlebnis und Naturschutz in Berlin KW - Freiraumplanung KW - Stadtentwicklung Y1 - 2014 UR - http://issuu.com/cbaden/docs/140506_nib_2_14 IS - 2 SP - 7 EP - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pätzig, Marlene A1 - Grüneberg, Björn A1 - Brauns, Mario T1 - Water depth but not season mediates the effects of human lakeshore modification on littoral macroinvertebrates in a large lowland lake T2 - Fundamental and Applied Limnology / Archiv für Hydrobiologie KW - beach KW - biodiversity Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1127/fal/2015/0652 SN - 1863-9135 VL - 186 IS - 4 SP - 311 EP - 312 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Martienssen, Marion A1 - Reichel, O. A1 - Kohlweyer, U. T1 - Surface properties of bacteria from different waste water treatment plants T2 - Acta Biotechnologica Y1 - 2001 VL - 21 IS - 3 SP - 207 EP - 225 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Christian A1 - Kalbus, Edda A1 - Krieg, Ronald A1 - Bayer-Raich, Marti A1 - Leschik, Sebastian A1 - Reinstorf, Frido A1 - Martienssen, Marion A1 - Schirmer, Mario T1 - Contaminant mass flow rates between groundwater, strembed sediments and surface water at the regionally contaminated site Bitterfeld T2 - Grundwasser Y1 - 2008 SN - 1430-483X VL - 13 IS - 3 SP - 133 EP - 146 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, C. A1 - Kalbus, Edda A1 - Martienssen, Marion A1 - Schirmer, Mario T1 - The influence of heterogeneous groundwater discharge on the timescales of contaminant mass flux from streambed sediments field evidence and long-term predictions T2 - Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions Y1 - 2008 SN - 1812-2116 VL - 5 IS - 2 SP - 971 EP - 1001 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rauch, Georg A1 - Lutz, Johannes A1 - Werner, Martin A1 - Gurwara, Sagar A1 - Steinberg, Peter T1 - Synergetic 1D-3D-Coupling in Engine Development Part 1: Verification of Concept T2 - SAE Technical Paper N2 - This paper introduces an innovative approach, named synergetic 1D-3D-Coupling, by using synergy effects of 1D and 3D simulation in order to bring down modeling and simulation efforts. At the same time the methodology sustains the spatial resolution of a 3D model. This goal is reached by reducing the 3D fluid side with its time consuming continuity, momentum, energy and turbulence equations to a simple but precise 1D model. Because of the solid structure staying three dimensional, heat flux direction and spatial resolution have 3D accuracy but short calculation times due to the simple heat diffusion equation to be solved. The 1D model is represented by an automatically generated equation system which is capable of considering transient effects. The energy transfer between 1D fluid model and 3D structure model is realized through a neutral 1D-3D-coupling program and the application of the fluid element specific Nusselt correlations. The following approach is not only applicable for engine development but for any field where fast transient CHT simulations of internal flows are needed. The theretical background and the newly developed approach are presented in this paper. For this purpose an abstract pipe system is used to generate a hydraulic and thermal network. This network is coupled with a 3D structure in order to show the potential velocity benefit and the possible loss in accuray compared to the conventional full 3D modeling approach. Y1 - 2015 SN - 0148-7191 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nourbakhsh, Amirhasan A1 - Adelmann, Christoph A1 - Song, Yi A1 - Lee, Chang Seung A1 - Asselberghs, Inge A1 - Huyghebaert, Cedric A1 - Brizzi, Simone A1 - Tallarida, Massimo A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Elshocht, Sven van A1 - Heyns, Marc A1 - Kong, Jing A1 - Palacios, Tomás A1 - De Gendt, Stefan T1 - Graphene oxide monolayers as atomically thin seeding layers for atomic layer deposition of metal oxides T2 - Nanoscale N2 - Graphene oxide (GO) was explored as an atomically-thin transferable seed layer for the atomic layer deposition (ALD) of dielectric materials on any substrate of choice. This approach does not require specific chemical groups on the target surface to initiate ALD. This establishes GO as a unique interface which enables the growth of dielectric materials on a wide range of substrate materials and opens up numerous prospects for applications. In this work, a mild oxygen plasma treatment was used to oxidize graphene monolayers with well-controlled and tunable density of epoxide functional groups. This was confirmed by synchrotron-radiation photoelectron spectroscopy. In addition, density functional theory calculations were carried out on representative epoxidized graphene monolayer models to correlate the capacitive properties of GO with its electronic structure. Capacitance–voltage measurements showed that the capacitive behavior of Al2O3/GO depends on the oxidation level of GO. Finally, GO was successfully used as an ALD seed layer for the deposition of Al2O3 on chemically inert single layer graphene, resulting in high performance top-gated field-effect transistors. KW - Graphene Oxide KW - seed layer KW - atomic layer deposition KW - oxygen plasma treatment KW - photoelectron spectroscopy KW - density functional theory KW - capacitance-voltage Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/C5NR01128K SN - 2040-3364 SN - 2040-3372 VL - 2015 IS - 7 SP - 10781 EP - 10789 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schlummer, Martin A1 - Arends, Dagmar A1 - Mäurer, Andreas A1 - Markowski, Jens A1 - Wagenknecht, Udo T1 - Characterisation and materials flow management for waste electrical and electronic equipment plastics from German dismantling centres T2 - Waste Management & Research N2 - Waste electrical and electronic equipment is a complex waste stream and treatment options that work for one waste category or product may not be appropriate for others. A comprehensive case study has been performed for plastic-rich fractions that are treated in German dismantling centres. Plastics from TVs, monitors and printers and small household appliances have been characterised extensively. Based on the characterisation results, state-of-the-art treatment technologies have been combined to design an optimised recycling and upgrade process for each input fraction. High-impact polystyrene from TV casings that complies with the European directive on the restriction of hazardous substances (RoHS) was produced by applying continuous density separation with yields of about 60%. Valuable acrylonitrile butadiene styrene/ polycarbonate can be extracted from monitor and printer casings by near- infrared-based sorting. Polyolefins and/or a halogen-free fraction of mixed styrenics can be sorted out by density separation from monitors and printers and small household appliances. Emerging separation technologies are discussed to improve recycling results. KW - Waste electrical and electronic equipment plastics KW - recycling, separation KW - characterisation, near-infrared Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/0734242x15588585 SN - 1096-3669 VL - 33 IS - 9 SP - 775 EP - 784 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Chwastek, Agnieszka T1 - Zur Entwicklung eines Bemessungskonzeptes für die Lebensdauer von Reparaturschweißungen. Teil 2 - Ermittlung der Schwingfestigkeitsklassen T2 - Bauingenieur Y1 - 2015 SN - 1436-4867 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 90 IS - 6 SP - 272 EP - 277 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Chwastek, Agnieszka T1 - Zur Entwicklung eines Bemessungskonzeptes für die Lebensdauer von Reparaturschweißungen. Teil 1 - Stand der Technik und Versuche T2 - Bauingenieur Y1 - 2015 SN - 1436-4867 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 90 IS - 2 SP - 47 EP - 54 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dasgupta, Sunanda A1 - Ay, Peter A1 - Kommolk, Ralf A1 - Su, Xu T1 - Kinetics of Melt Crystallization of a Sunflower Oil-Based Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Mixture T2 - Chemical Engineering & Technology N2 - Important parameters like supercooling and cooling rates affecting the melt crys- tallization of a polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) mixture obtained from sun- flower oil were investigated and compared via high-resolution polarized-light mi- croscopy. PUFA was thermally characterized in a differential scanning calorimeter and the significant liquid-solid-phase transition temperatures determined were then implemented in the development of specific temperature profiles. Analyzed between two glass slides, induction times were found to decrease with low crystal- lization temperatures and the number of nuclei per unit area increased with high- er supercooling and cooling rates. A comparison between the linear crystal growth rates of pure standards of each of the main fatty acids present in the PUFA mixture and the PUFA mixture itself indicated that the latter is much slower than that of each of its pure components. KW - Differential scanning calorimetry; Fatty acids; Melt crystallization Y1 - 2013 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ceat.201200524/abstract U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ceat.201200524 SN - 0930-7516 SN - 1521-4125 VL - 36 IS - 7 SP - 1225 EP - 1230 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dasgupta, Sunanda A1 - Ay, Peter A1 - Schulz, Stephanie T1 - Determination and Comparison of Equilibrium Data of Various Plant-Based Fatty Acid Mixtures T2 - Chemical Engineering & Technology N2 - Multistage melt crystallization of a variety of plant-based polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) mixtures was conducted to obtain an overview on their liquid-solid equilibrium behavior. Crystal fraction and mother liquor samples were analyzed at every stage. Phase behavior diagrams at low saturated fatty acid concentrations were investigated in detail as they are of significant technical relevance with respect to efficient depletion of the saturated content from the samples. A high oleic acid content in the PUFA mixtures led to difficulties in depleting the mother liquor from the saturated content by melt crystallization. Thermograms from the differential scanning calorimetry were supplemented with illustrations which allow a novel interpretation of results and verification of conclusions. KW - Differential scanning calorimeter, Fatty acids, Liquid-solid phase diagram, Metastable zone, Multistage melt crystallization Y1 - 2014 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ceat.201300630/abstract U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ceat.201300630 SN - 0930-7516 VL - 37 IS - 6 SP - 1002 EP - 1008 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zaumseil, Peter A1 - Yamamoto, Yuji A1 - Schubert, Markus Andreas A1 - Schröder, Thomas A1 - Tillack, Bernd T1 - Heteroepitaxial Growth of Ge on compliant strained nano-structured Si lines and dots on (001) SOI substrates T2 - Thin Solid Films Y1 - 2014 SN - 0040-6090 VL - 557 SP - 50 EP - 54 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Matern, Antje A1 - Schmidt, Martin T1 - Sektorübergreifende Koordination als Herausforderung nachhaltiger Infrastrukturentwicklung in Städten T2 - Informationen zur modernen Stadtgeschichte N2 - Der Beitrag widmet sich der aktuellen Transformation städtischer Infrastrukturen im Spannungsfeld von technologischen Neuerungen und Forderungen nach einer stärkeren intersektoralen Koordination einerseits und der Fragmentierung städtischer Ver- und Entsorgung im Zuge der europäischen Liberalisierungspolitiken andererseits. Der Beitrag zielt darauf ab, den Stand und die Hürden der intersektoralen Koordination zwischen der Energie- und Wasserversorgung sowie der Abwasser- und Abfallentsorgung in deutschen Großstädten zu charakterisieren. Die empirische Grundlage bietet ein DFG-Forschungsprojekt zur intersektoralen Koordination städtischer Infra- strukturen im Kontext nachhaltiger Stadtentwicklung. Anhand dieser Grundlage werden die Forderungen der Debatten zu Innovationen an intersektoralen Schnittstellen und Kritischen Infrastrukturen kritisch reflektiert und der Stand der Koordination städtischer Infrastrukturen gespiegelt. Angesichts der Ausdifferenzierungstrends wird gefragt, inwiefern die in den Debatten diskutierten Koordinationserfordernisse gegenwärtig in den Städten aufgegriffen werden (können). Der Beitrag schließt mit einem Blick auf die Perspektiven nachhaltiger, sektorübergreifender Infrastrukturplanung und -politik. KW - Stadtentwicklung, Infrastrukturen Y1 - 2015 SN - 0340-1774 IS - 1 SP - 70 EP - 81 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hübel, Hartwig T1 - Simplified Theory of Plastic Zones for cyclic loading and multilinear hardening T2 - International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping N2 - The Simplified Theory of Plastic Zones (STPZ) is a direct method based on Zarka's method, primarily developed to estimate post-shakedown quantities of structures under cyclic loading, avoiding incremental analyses through a load histogram. In a different paper the STPZ has previously been shown to provide excellent estimates of the elastic–plastic strain ranges in the state of plastic shakedown as required for fatigue analyses. In the present paper, it is described how the STPZ can be used to predict the strains accumulated through a number of loading cycles due to a ratcheting mechanism, until either elastic or plastic shakedown is achieved, so that strain limits can be satisfied. Thus, a consistent means of estimating both, strain ranges and accumulated strains is provided for structural integrity assessment as required by pressure vessel codes. The computational costs involved typically consist of few linear elastic analyses and some local calculations. Multilinear kinematic hardening and temperature dependent yield stresses are accounted for. The quality of the results and the computational burden involved are demonstrated through four examples. KW - Simplified Theory of Plastic Zones KW - Shakedown KW - Ratcheting KW - cyclic loading KW - progressive deformation KW - elastic-plastic strain range Y1 - 2015 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308016115000289 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpvp.2015.03.002 SN - 0308-0161 IS - 129-130 SP - 19 EP - 31 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hübel, Hartwig A1 - Willuweit, Adrian A1 - Rudolph, Jürgen A1 - Ziegler, Rainer A1 - Lang, Hermann A1 - Rother, Klemens A1 - Deller, Simon T1 - Performance study of the simplified theory of plastic zones and the Twice-Yield method for the fatigue check T2 - International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping N2 - As elastic–plastic fatigue analyses are still time consuming the simplified elastic–plastic analysis (e.g. ASME Section III, NB 3228.5, the French RCC-M code, paragraphs B 3234.3, B 3234.5 and B3234.6 and the German KTA rule 3201.2, paragraph 7.8.4) is often applied. Besides linearly elastic analyses and factorial plasticity correction (Ke factors) direct methods are an option. In fact, calculation effort and accuracy of results are growing in the following graded scheme: a) linearly elastic analysis along with Ke correction, b) direct methods for the determination of stabilized elastic–plastic strain ranges and c) incremental elastic–plastic methods for the determination of stabilized elastic–plastic strain ranges. The paper concentrates on option b) by substantiating the practical applicability of the simplified theory of plastic zones STPZ (based on Zarka's method) and – for comparison – the established Twice-Yield method. The Twice-Yield method is explicitly addressed in ASME Code, Section VIII, Div. 2. Application relevant aspects are particularly addressed. Furthermore, the applicability of the STPZ for arbitrary load time histories in connection with an appropriate cycle counting method is discussed. Note, that the STPZ is applicable both for the determination of (fatigue relevant) elastic–plastic strain ranges and (ratcheting relevant) locally accumulated strains. This paper concentrates on the performance of the method in terms of the determination of elastic–plastic strain ranges and fatigue usage factors. The additional performance in terms of locally accumulated strains and ratcheting will be discussed in a future publication. KW - Simplified Theory of Plastic Zones KW - Simplified elastic-plastic fatigue analyses KW - Zarka's method KW - Thermal cyclic loading KW - elastic-plastic strain range Y1 - 2014 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308016114000143 U6 - https://doi.org/doi:10.1016/j.ijpvp.2014.01.003 SN - 0308-0161 IS - 116 SP - 10 EP - 19 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hübel, Hartwig T1 - Bemerkungen zur Ausnutzung plastischer Querschnitts- und Systemreserven T2 - Stahlbau N2 - Plastische Tragreserven werden im Stahlbau häufig planmäßig in Anspruch genommen und zumindest auf der Bewertungsseite (Verfahren Elastisch - Plastisch der DIN 18800) oder zusätzlich auch auf der Ermittlungsseite der Beanspruchungen (Verfahren Plastisch - Plastisch) quantitativ berücksichtigt. In diesen Nachweisverfahren lauern jedoch einige Gefahren, die nicht immer leicht zu erkennen sind. Einige davon werden in diesem Beitrag angesprochen. KW - Ratcheting KW - progressive Deformation KW - plastische Tragreserven Y1 - 2003 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/stab.200303010 VL - 72 IS - 12 SP - 844 EP - 852 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gäbler, Jan A1 - König, Hartmut T1 - Moversight: a group communication protocol for mobile scenarios T2 - Telecommunication systems : modeling, analysis, design and managementversion N2 - The increasing mobility of Internet users and the growing need to collaborate with staff travelling on business belong to the key characteristics of the future Internet. Mobile collaborative applications require novel schemes for group communication that actively support collaborations in wireless scenarios. An intrinsic problem of collaborations in wireless scenarios is the temporary connection loss with the group due to user mobility and network issues. Existing group communication protocols do not sufficiently support this situation. In this paper, we present a new peer-to-peer group communication protocol, called Moversight, that was specifically designed to support closed group cooperation in mobile environments with varying churn rates. It applies a new group communication paradigm, called mobile optimistic virtual synchrony, to handle churn-related peer failures. It enhances the virtual synchrony paradigm for mobile scenarios. The paper introduces the paradigm and describes the main protocol features of Moversight. Finally we present simulation results to demonstrate the applicability of the protocol. KW - Mobile group communication, Mobility support, Mobile collaborative applications, Closed groups, Group communication system, Virtual synchrony Y1 - 2016 UR - http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11235-015-0062-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11235-015-0062-1 SN - 1572-9451 SN - 1018-4864 VL - 61 IS - 4 SP - 695 EP - 716 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tamang, Abiral A1 - Ghosh, Sujoy Kumar A1 - Garain, Samiran A1 - Alam, Md. Mehebub A1 - Haeberle, Jörg A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Mandal, Dipankar T1 - DNA-Assisted β‑phase Nucleation and Alignment of Molecular Dipoles in PVDF Film: A Realization of Self-Poled Bioinspired Flexible Polymer Nanogenerator for Portable Electronic Devices T2 - ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces N2 - A flexible nanogenerator (NG) is fabricated with a poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)film, where deoxyribonu-cleic acid (DNA) is the agent for the electroactive β-phase nucleation. Denatured DNA is co-operating to align the molecular−CH2/−CF2 dipoles of PVDF causing piezo- electricity without electrical poling. The NG is capable of harvesting energy from a variety of easily accessible mechanical stress such as human touch, machine vibration, football juggling, and walking. The NG exhibits high piezoelectric energy conversion efficiency facilitating the instant turn-on of several green or blue light-emitting diodes. The generated energy can be used to charge capacitors providing a wide scope for the design of self-powered portable devices. KW - PVDF KW - β-phase KW - DNA KW - self-poling KW - piezoelectric flexible nanogenerator Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5b04161 SN - 1944-8244 SN - 1944-8252 IS - 7 SP - 16143 EP - 16147 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dunkel, Wolfgang A1 - Jacobsen, Heike A1 - Kleemann, Frank T1 - Werkstattbericht: Sozialwissenschaftliche Dienstleistungsforschung T2 - Arbeit : Zeitschrift für Arbeitsforschung, Arbeitsgestaltung und Arbeitspolitik Y1 - 2014 SN - 0941-5025 VL - 23 IS - 4 SP - 309 EP - 312 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bulkowski, Marcin T1 - Ozeanarium - Afrikanarium in Breslau, Polen T2 - Bauingenieur Y1 - 2015 SN - 1436-4867 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 90 IS - 6 SP - S. 278 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Sahellie, Samer T1 - Epoxy- and acrylic-bonded joints for strengthening lightweight steel girders T2 - Stahlbau Y1 - 2015 SN - 0038-9145 SN - 1437-1049 VL - 84 IS - 8 SP - 577 EP - 583 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Sahellie, Samer T1 - Expectancy of the lifetime of bonded steel joints due to long-term shear loading T2 - Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acme.2015.05.004 SN - 1644-9665 VL - 15 IS - 4 SP - 1061 EP - 1069 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Ciupack, Yvonne A1 - Schiel, Manuel A1 - Ince, Erdeniz T1 - Adhesive bonded joints in steel structures T2 - Steel Construction Y1 - 2014 SN - 1867-0539 VL - 7 IS - 3 SP - 173 EP - 182 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schlaich, Mike A1 - Bleicher, Achim A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut T1 - Der Porsche Pavillon in Monocoque-Bauweise T2 - Bauingenieur Y1 - 2014 SN - 1436-4867 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 89 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Krausche, Thomas A1 - Niemann, M. T1 - Umbau eines Schulgebäudes der Heinrich-Nordhoff-Gesamtschule in Wolfsburg T2 - Bauingenieur Y1 - 2014 SN - 1436-4867 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 89 IS - 4 SP - 182 EP - 185 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mettke, Angelika T1 - Stroitelnye otchody kak istotschnik stroitelnych materialov T2 - Öko-Sphera T2 - Aus Bauabfällen werden Baustoffquellen Y1 - 2011 IS - 2 SP - 9 EP - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Launert, Benjamin A1 - Krausche, Thomas T1 - Welding of girders with thick plates — Fabrication, measurement and simulation T2 - Journal of Constructional Steel Research N2 - This article presents experimental and numerical results of the fabrication of welded plate girders under workshop conditions. Main concerns are the prediction of imperfections with the aid of simulation tools and/or simplified engineering models. Their impact on the component design is evaluated in a case study. Special focus is put on the effect of residual welding stress. For this, different simplified distributions are compared with results from welding simulation. The findings confirm the thesis that present recommendations on the implementation of weld-induced imperfections must be rated conservative. This suggests that it is necessary to establish new models. Guidance on future problems in this context will be given. KW - Welded plate girders; Welding simulation; Residual welding stress; Load capacity Y1 - 2015 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0143974X15300833 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2015.08.037 SN - 0143-974X VL - Vol. 115 SP - 407 EP - 416 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klauck, Ronny A1 - Kirsche, Michael T1 - Combining Mobile XMPP Entities and Cloud Services for Collaborative Post-Disaster Management in Hybrid Network Environments T2 - Mobile Networks and Applications : the journal of special issues on mobility of systems, users, data and computing N2 - Crises such as the Fukushima incident in Japan showed the demand for flexible and easy-to-use monitoring and communication systems to support post-disaster management (i.e. the organization of actions in the follow-up of disasters), especially when critical infrastructure is affected. Such systems can effectively only be realized with a merging of various device classes and the integration of mobile actors and wireless communication technologies to provide the necessary flexibility. This article introduces a system design that combines portable hand-held devices as well as autonomous sensors through XMPP with the flexibility of cloud services to support post-disaster management. This combination provides the communication between the different involved parties (e.g., rescue teams, relief forces, NGOs) and enables a global view on sensed data through the use of cloud-based storage and analysis services. Along with a discussion about requirements and a description of appropriate solutions and initial evaluations, we present new insights on the practical appliance of XMPP and potential enhancements for XMPP-based real life collaboration applications in hybrid (ad hoc and infrastructure) networkscenarios.We also show that resource constrained devices can run the XMPP protocol to extend smartphones with sensors or to connect different device classes in a seamless way. Y1 - 2013 UR - http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11036-012-0391-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11036-012-0391-1 SN - 1383-469X SN - 1572-8153 VL - 18 IS - 2 SP - 253 EP - 270 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pfister, Christian A1 - Wetter, Oliver A1 - Brázdil, Rudolf A1 - Dobrovolný, Petr A1 - Glaser, Rüdiger A1 - Luterbacher, Jürg A1 - Seneviratne, Sonia I. A1 - Zorita, Eduardo A1 - Alcoforado, Maria João A1 - Barriendos, Mariano A1 - Bieber, Ursula A1 - Burmeister, Karl H. A1 - Camenisch, Chantal A1 - Contino, Antonio A1 - Grünewald, Uwe A1 - Herget, Jürgen A1 - Himmelsbach, Iso A1 - Labbé, Thomas A1 - Limanówka, Danuta A1 - Litzenburger, Laurent A1 - Kiss, Andrea A1 - Kotyza, Oldřich A1 - Nordl, Øyvind A1 - Pribyl, Kathleen A1 - Retsö, Dag A1 - Riemann, Dirk A1 - Rohr, Christian A1 - Siegfried, Werner A1 - Spring, Jean-Laurent A1 - Söderberg, Johan A1 - Wagner, Sebastian A1 - Werner, Johannes P. T1 - Tree-rings and people – different views on the 1540 Megadrought. Reply to Büntgen et al. 2015 T2 - Climatic change Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-015-1429-8 SN - 0165-0009 SN - 1573-1480 VL - 131 IS - 2 SP - 191 EP - 198 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lorenz, Werner T1 - Ingenieurbaukunst: Heimkehr. Aufbruch : Vortrag zum Schinkelfest T2 - Nachrichten für die im Bauwesen tätigen Ingenieure Y1 - 2015 IS - 2 SP - 47 EP - 51 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Marlen, Märlein A1 - Pätzig, Marlene A1 - Brauns, Mario A1 - Dolman, Andrew M. T1 - Length–mass relationships for lake macroinvertebrates corrected for back-transformation and preservation effects T2 - Hydrobiologia KW - Preservation conversion factor Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-015-2526-4 SN - 0018-8158 VL - Vol. 768 IS - 1 SP - 37 EP - 50 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ballesteros, José Antonio A1 - Sarradj, Ennes A1 - Fernandez Berlanga, Marcos David A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Ballesteros, Maria Jesús T1 - Noise Source Identification with Beamforming in the Pass-by of a Car T2 - Applied Acoustics Y1 - 2015 SN - 0003-682X IS - vol. 93 SP - 106 EP - 119 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Quatember, Ursula T1 - Der Brunnen an der Straße zum Magnesischen Tor in Ephesose T2 - Jahreshefte des Österreichischen Archäologischen Instituts in Wien Y1 - 2008 SN - 0078-3579 SN - 0259-1456 IS - 77 SP - 219 EP - 264 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Quatember, Ursula A1 - Waldner, Alice A1 - Aurenhammer, Maria T1 - Die Grabung des Jahres 2005 beim Nymphaeum Traiani in Ephesos T2 - Jahreshefte des Österreichischen Archäologischen Instituts in Wien Y1 - 2008 SN - 0078-3579 SN - 0259-1456 IS - 77 SP - 265 EP - 334 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hundt, Martin A1 - Engel, Norman A1 - Schnitzlein, Klaus A1 - Schnitzlein, Michael G. T1 - The AlkaPolP process: Fractionation of various lignocelluloses and continuous pulping within an integrated biorefinery concept T2 - Chemical Engineering Research and Design N2 - The implementation of a lignocellulose-based biorefinery requires an efficient fractionation of its raw material. For this purpose a comprehensive biorefinery concept has been developed based on alkaline polyol pulping (AlkaPolP). It exhibits a high degree of flexibility with respect to the extent of fractionation by adjusting easily controllable process parameters. As shown in this contribution, the AlkaPolP process can be successfully applied for a wide range of lignocellulosic biomass including hardwood, softwood, bark and grasses, all of which yielding high quality product fractions. With essentially complete delignification the obtained pulp fraction is easily degraded by cellulases. The produced hydrolysates are free of inhibitors and can be used as substrates for a variety of fermentation processes. Without further modification, the AlkaPolP lignin fraction can be readily applied as high value substrate for various processes as confirmed by extensive characterisations in industrial and research laboratories (Dynea, Fraunhofer Institute). The remaining product fraction resulting from the degradation of various polysaccharides is being recovered as carboxylic acids. Based on extensive experimental results up to mini-plant scale, an integrated biorefinery concept has been developed including a continuous pulping stage and a full scale recycling of process chemicals thus allowing operations in environmentally sensitive rural areas. KW - AlkaPolP KW - Biorefinery KW - Lignocellulose KW - Continuous KW - Extruder Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2015.10.013 SN - 0263-8762 VL - Vol. 107 SP - 13 EP - 23 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Corneil, Derek G. A1 - Köhler, Ekkehard A1 - Lanlignel, Jean-Marc T1 - On end-vertices of Lexicographic Breadth First Searches T2 - Discrete Applied Mathematics Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dam.2009.10.001 SN - 0166-218X VL - 158 IS - 5 SP - 434 EP - 443 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Engel, Norman A1 - Hundt, Martin A1 - Schapals, Tino T1 - Increasing the lignin yield of the Alkaline Polyol Pulping process by treating black liquor with laccases of Myceliophthora thermophila T2 - Bioresource Technology N2 - The Alkaline Polyol Pulping process separates cellulose from lignocellulosic biomass by dissolving lignin to a great extent. Due to the pulping conditions the dissolved lignin depolymerises and only 75% can be precipitated. To increase this amount, a 24 h reaction of laccases of Myceliophthora thermophila with lignin dissolved in black liquor of the AlkaPolP process was investigated. The influence of pH, temperature, enzyme concentration and partial oxygen pressure was examined in a batch stirred tank reactor using a Box–Behnken factorial design. Due to the enzymatic reaction the lignin polymerises which results in an enhanced lignin precipitation. The addition of a mediator improves the polymerisation but decreases the amount of precipitable lignin. The influence of the parameters on precipitation yield and molecular mass can sufficiently be described with a second-order model and optimum conditions can be assessed. FT-IR spectra of the obtained lignins revealed that its typical phenolic structure is preserved. KW - Biorefinery KW - Lignocellulose KW - Laccase KW - Polymerisation KW - Lignin Y1 - 2016 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960852415016570 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2015.12.027 SN - 0960-8524 IS - 203 SP - 96 EP - 102 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dasgupta, Sunanda A1 - Rettig, Florian A1 - Ay, Peter T1 - Nucleation kinetics during melt crystallization of plant based high oleic and linoleic polyunsaturated fatty acid mixtures T2 - Crystal Growth & Design N2 - Nucleation kinetics of high linoleic and high oleic polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) mixtures were investigated during melt crystallization by means of an Focused beam reflectance measurement (FBRM) sensor. Samples were analyzed thermally and chemically in the Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) and Gas Chromatograph (GC) respectively. Investigations showed that a high oleic content in the PUFA mixtures lead to higher induction times, τi. Unlike previous investigations, a clear relation between τi and cooling rates was established. τi increases with increasing cooling rates and decreasing supercooling. Activation energies of nucleation, ∆Gc' were determined by means of the Fisher Turnbull equation wherein ∆Gc' decreases exponentially with increasing supercooling. Investigations and further evaluations conclude that while the plot establishes the effect of supercooling on ∆Gc' , it does not incorporate the effects of molecular diffusion or the cooling rate. Hence, 3D modeling was performed to visualize the combined effects of cooling rate and supercooling on induction time. KW - Melt crystallization, Focused beam reflectance method, Differential Scanning Calorimeter, Fatty Acids, Induction time, Gibbs free enthalpy of crystallization, Fisher Turnbull equation, Supercooling, Activation barrier Y1 - 2015 UR - http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.cgd.5b01432 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.cgd.5b01432 SN - 1528-7505 VL - 16 IS - 2 SP - 861 EP - 866 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mendoza-Lera, Clara A1 - Federlein, Laura L. A1 - Knie, Matthias A1 - Mutz, Michael T1 - The algal lift: Buoyancy-mediated sediment transport T2 - Water Resources Research KW - algal mat Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/2015WR017315 SN - 1944-7973 VL - 52 IS - 1 SP - 108 EP - 118 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Muhondwa, Jacob Paul A1 - Martienssen, Marion A1 - Burkhardt, Marko T1 - Effect of high biowaste moisturie content on phatogens hygienization potential of in-vessel composting technology during compost production T2 - International Journal of Current Research Y1 - 2015 SN - 0975-833X VL - 7 IS - 4 SP - 15042 EP - 15048 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Coban, Oksana A1 - Kuschk, Peter A1 - Kappelmeyer, Uwe A1 - Spott, Oliver A1 - Martienssen, Marion A1 - Jetten, Mike S. M. A1 - Knöller, Kay T1 - Nitrogen transforming community in a horizontal subsurface-flow constructed wetland T2 - Water research Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/0.1016/j.watres.2015.02.018 SN - 1879-2448 IS - 74 SP - 203 EP - 212 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zanoun, El-Sayed A1 - Jehring, Lothar A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Three measuring techniques for assessing the mean wall skin friction in wall-bounded flows T2 - Thermophysics and Aeromechanics Y1 - 2014 SN - 1531-8699 SN - 0869-8643 VL - 21 IS - 2 SP - 179 EP - 190 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kupka, Friedrich A1 - Losch, Martin A1 - Zaussinger, Florian A1 - Zweigle, Thomas T1 - Semi-convection in the ocean and in stars: A multi-scale analysis T2 - Meteorologische zeitschrift N2 - Fluid stratified by gravitation can be subject to a number of instabilities which eventually lead to a flow that causes enhanced mixing and transport of heat. The special case where a destabilizing temperature gradient counteracts the action of a stabilizing gradient in molecular weight is of interest to astrophysics (inside stars and giant planets) and geophysics (lakes, oceans) as well as to some engineering applications. The detailed dynamics of such a system depend on the molecular diffusivities of heat, momentum, and solute as well as system parameters including the ratio of the two gradients to each other. Further important properties are the formation and merging of well-defined layers in the fluid which cannot be derived from linear stability analysis. Moreover, the physical processes operate on a vast range of length and time scales. This has made the case of semi-convection, where a mean temperature gradient destabilizes the stratification while at the same time the mean molecular gradient tends to stabilize it, a challenge to physical modelling and to numerical hydrodynamical simulation. During the MetStröm project the simulation codes ANTARES and MITgcm have been extended such that they can be used for the simulations of such flows. We present a comparison of effective diffusivities derived from direct numerical simulations. For both stars and the oceanic regimes, the Nusselt numbers (scaled diffusivities) follow similar relationships. Semi-convection quickly becomes inefficient, because the formation of layers limits vertical mixing. In contrast to the complementary saltfingering, these layers tend to damp instabilities so that effective diffusivities of salinity (concentration) are up to two orders of magnitudes smaller than in the former case. KW - hydrodynamics KW - numerical simulation KW - turbulence Y1 - 2015 UR - https://www.schweizerbart.de/papers/metz/detail/24/84729/Semi_convection_in_the_ocean_and_in_stars_A_multi_scale_analysis?l=DE U6 - https://doi.org/10.1127/metz/2015/0643 SN - 0941-2948 VL - 24 IS - 3 SP - 343 EP - 358 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Haeberle, Jörg A1 - Richter, Matthias A1 - Brazda, Petr T1 - Spin State and Satellite Structures of ε-Fe₂O₃ as determined by Resonant Photoelectron Spectroscopy T2 - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B N2 - We use resonant photoelectron spectroscopy at the Fe2p and the O1s absorption edges to report on spectroscopic investigation of Fe-oxides nanoparticles. We discuss the spectroscopic details like multiple Auger decays, satellite emission in the X-ray absorption process and the core level data. We explain these data by a novel mechanism in which the resonant excitation between Fe3d and Fe4s states are involved. This mechanism is observed when the photo-excited electron becomes polarized by the electron–hole pairs existing in the conduction and valence bands. KW - Resonant photoelectron spectroscopy KW - ε-Fe2O3nano particles KW - Satellite emission Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2015.08.062 SN - 0168-583X VL - 2015 IS - 364 SP - 127 EP - 131 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Alberton Corrêa, Silma A1 - Brizzi, Simone A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Spectroscopic investigation of the electronic structure of thin atomic layer deposition HfO2 films T2 - Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A N2 - The electronic structure of HfO2 thin films is investigated employing resonant photoelectron spectroscopy (resPES). The detailed analysis of the O1s resonance profile enables the determination of the partial density of states for the valence and the conduction bands as well as the electronic band gap to be 6.2 eV. The position of the charge neutrality level is evaluated. Thereby, it is demonstrated that the resPES data are able to combine information both for the valence as well as for the conduction band states. In addition, evidences for intrinsic in-gap states attributed to polaronic and charge transfer states are given. Electronic charges within the atomic layer deposition-HfO2films are identified, pointing out that the amount of charges is essential to determine the accurate position of the surface potentials. KW - resonant photoelectron spectroscopy KW - hafnium oxide KW - atomic layer deposition KW - partial density of states KW - electronic band gap Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1116/1.4935338 SN - 0734-2101 SN - 1520-8559 VL - 34 IS - 1 SP - 01A117-1 EP - 01A117-8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Risse-Buhl, Ute A1 - Schlief, Jeanette A1 - Mutz, Michael T1 - Phagotrophic protists are a key component of microbial communities processing leaf litter under contrasting oxic conditions T2 - Freshwater Biology KW - aquatic fungi KW - ciliates Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/fwb.12657 SN - 1365-2427 VL - 60 IS - 11 SP - 2310 EP - 2322 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Sarradj, Ennes A1 - Rex, Christoph A1 - Kießling, Sebastian A1 - Neefe, Alexander T1 - Schallemission einer Mikrogasturbine T2 - Lärmbekämpfung Y1 - 2015 SN - 1436-4999 IS - 6 SP - 268 EP - 272 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sowińska, Małgorzata A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Kärkkänen, Irina A1 - Schneidewind, Jessica A1 - Naumann, Franziska A1 - Gruska, Bernd A1 - Gargouri, Hassan T1 - Plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition of titanium oxynitrides films: A comparative spectroscopic and electrical study T2 - Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology A N2 - The process parameters’ impact of the plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PE-ALD) method on the oxygen to nitrogen (O/N) ratio in titanium oxynitride (TiOxNy) films was studied. Titanium(IV)isopropoxide in combination with NH3 plasma and tetrakis(dimethylamino) titanium by applying N2 plasma processes were investigated. Samples were characterized by the in situ spectroscopic ellipsometry, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and electrical characterization (current–voltage: I-V and capacitance–voltage: C-V) methods. The O/N ratio in the TiOxNy films is found to be very sensitive for their electric properties such as conductivity, dielectric breakdown, and permittivity. Our results indicate that these PE-ALD film properties can be tuned, via the O/N ratio, by the selection of the process parameters and precursor/coreactant combination. KW - plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition KW - titanium oxynitride KW - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy KW - ellipsometry KW - current-voltage KW - capacitance-voltage Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1116/1.4936227 SN - 0734-2101 SN - 1520-8559 IS - 34 SP - 01A127-1 EP - 01A127-9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Drechsler, Martin A1 - Johst, Karin A1 - Mewes, Melanie A1 - Sturm, Astrid T1 - A Novel, Spatiotemporally Explicit Ecological-Economic Modeling Procedure for the Design of Cost-Effective Agri-Environment Schemes to Conserve Biodiversity T2 - American Journal of Agricultural Economics Y1 - 2016 UR - https://ajae.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2015/11/18/ajae.aav058.full.pdf+html U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/ajae/aav058 SN - 1467-8276 SN - 0002-9092 VL - 98 IS - 2 SP - 489 EP - 512 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rothe, Matthias A1 - Kleeberg, Andreas A1 - Grüneberg, Björn A1 - Friese, Kurt A1 - Pérez-Mayo, Manuel A1 - Hupfer, Michael T1 - Sedimentary Sulphur:Iron Ratio Indicates Vivianite Occurrence: A Study from Two Contrasting Freshwater Systems T2 - PLoS one KW - sediment KW - surface water Y1 - 2015 UR - http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0143737 U6 - https://doi.org/doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0143737 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 10 IS - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klepel, Olaf A1 - Erlitz, Marcel A1 - Scholz, Kerstin A1 - Suckow, Matthias A1 - Taubert, Michael A1 - Utgenannt, Stephan A1 - Garsuch, Arnd T1 - Template assisted synthesis of porous carbons revisited – where does the porosity come from? T2 - Microporous and Mesoporous Materials Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2015.11.047 SN - 1387-1811 IS - vol. 224 SP - 163 EP - 167 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nosaeva, Ksenia A1 - Weimann, Nils A1 - Rudolph, Matthias A1 - John, Wilfred A1 - Krüger, Olaf A1 - Heinrich, Wolfgang T1 - Improved thermal management of InP transistors in transferred-substrate technology with diamond heat-spreading layer T2 - Electronics Letters Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1049/el.2015.1135 SN - 1350-911X VL - 51 IS - 13 SP - 1010 EP - 1012 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nosaeva, Ksenia A1 - Weimann, Nils A1 - Rudolph, Matthias A1 - John, Wilfred A1 - Krüger, Olaf A1 - Heinrich, Wolfgang T1 - Thin ice: Diamond films could more than double the power output achievable with transistors in the ‘Terahertz gap’ by improving thermal management T2 - Electronics Letters Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1049/el.2015.1943 SN - 1350-911X VL - 51 IS - 13 SP - S. 959 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Haijing A1 - Geppert, Helmut A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Wieprecht, Wolfgang A1 - Möller, Detlef T1 - Determination of Sucrose in Honey with Derivatization/Solid-Phase-Microextraction and Gas-Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry. T2 - Journal of Chromatographic Science N2 - A new method for the determination of sucrose in honey with derivatization solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (D-SPME–GC/MS) was developed. The method incorporates a sample derivatization with acetic anhydride using N-methylimidazole as the catalyst and the subsequent enrichment of the analyte in a Polyacrylate-SPME fiber. Results show that 100 µL N-methylimidazole and 800 µL acetic anhydride were sufficient to complete the acetylation for sucrose in 100 µL aqueous sample at room temperature. For SPME, an enrichment time of 30 min was sufficient. SPME was performed by immersing the fiber into the solution with additional vibration. Then, the analyte was desorbed for 5 min at 280°C in the GC/MS injection port with splitless mode. The present method exhibits good linearity at a concentration range of 0.3–8% of sucrose in honey with excellent regression (R = 0.9993). The method has been successfully applied to the control of sucrose adulteration in honey. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/bmv044 VL - 53 IS - 9 SP - 1427 EP - 1431 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Egbers, Christoph A1 - Gorenz, Paul A1 - Schmidt, Marcus A1 - Wolf, Carsten T1 - 3-D-CFD-Simulation der Schmierspaltströmung in einem Radialgleitlager T2 - Motortechnische Zeitschrift : MTZ Y1 - 2015 SN - 2192-8843 VL - 76 IS - 7-8 SP - 66 EP - 73 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pashmineh, Sara A1 - Killat, Dirk T1 - High-voltage circuits for power management on 65 nm CMOS T2 - Advances in Radio Science N2 - This paper presents two high-voltage circuits used in power management, a switching driver for buck converter with optimized on-resistance and a low dropout (LDO) voltage regulator with 2-stacked pMOS pass devices. The circuit design is based on stacked MOSFETs, thus the circuits are technology independent. Y1 - 2015 UR - http://www.adv-radio-sci.net/13/109/2015/ars-13-109-2015.html U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/ars-13-109-2015 IS - 13 SP - 109 EP - 120 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Futterer, Birgit A1 - Dahley, Norman A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Thermal electro-hydrodynamic heat transfer augmentation in vertical annuli by the use of dielectrophoretic forces through a.c. electric field T2 - International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/doi:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2015.10.005 VL - vol. 93 SP - 144 EP - 154 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dragan, Feodor F. A1 - Köhler, Ekkehard T1 - An Approximation Algorithm for the Tree t-Spanner Problem on Unweighted Graphs via Generalized Chordal Graphs T2 - Algorithmica Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00453-013-9765-4 VL - 69 IS - 4 SP - 884 EP - 905 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dragan, Feodor F. A1 - Corneil, Derek G. A1 - Köhler, Ekkehard A1 - Xiang, Yang T1 - Collective additive tree spanners for circle graphs and polygonal graphs T2 - Discrete Applied Mathematics Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dam.2012.03.036 VL - 160 IS - 12 SP - 1717 EP - 1729 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seelig, Torsten A1 - Harlander, Uwe T1 - Can zonally symmetric inertial waves drive an oscillating zonal mean flow? T2 - Geophysical & Astrophysical Fluid Dynamics Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/03091929.2015.1094064 SN - 1029-0419 VL - 109 IS - 6 SP - 541 EP - 566 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Byizigiro, Rutazuyaza Vaillant A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Maurer, Thomas T1 - Small-scale opencast mining: an important research field for anthropogenic geomorphology T2 - Die Erde N2 - Artisanal and small-scale mining (A&SM) is a growing economic sector in many third-world countries. This review focuses on anthropo-geomorphic factors and processes associated with small-scale opencast mining (SSOM), a form of A&SM in which near-surface ores are extracted by removing relatively thin covers of soil, bedrock or sediments. Being widespread and commonly conducted without proper planning and beyond the control of local authorities, this form of mining has potentially large impacts on landforms and landscape dynamics, often resulting in drastic consequences for the local environment and agriculture. SSOM should be regarded as a component of anthropogenic geomorphology because it involves the role of humans in creating landforms and modifying the operation of natural geomorphological processes, such as weathering, erosion, transport and deposition. By initiating new and modifying natural geomorphic processes, SSOM causes and/or accelerates geomorphic processes, resulting in various forms of land degradation. While the direct geomorphic impact of SSOM is in general easily discernible and leads to characteristic features, such as excavated pits and overburden spoil heaps, many secondary impacts are attributed to geomorphic processes triggered in the wake of the primary mining-induced landscape alterations. The magnitude of such secondary implications may well extend beyond the actual mining areas, but these effects have not been thoroughly addressed in the research so far. This review summarizes the known studies on the geomorphic impacts of SSOM operations and highlights common geomorphic processes and landforms associated with this type of anthropogenic activity, thus establishing a starting point for further in-depth research. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.12854/erde-146-21 VL - 146 IS - 4 SP - 213 EP - 231 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Füg, Dieter A1 - Krausche, Thomas A1 - Webner, Michael A1 - Klenner, Frank T1 - Besonderheiten der Berechnung und konstruktiven Gestaltung von Kleinwindenergieanlagen nach DIN EN 61400–2:2006 T2 - Bauingenieur N2 - Der steigende Energiebedarf erfordert unter Beachtung des Vorrangs erneuerbarer Energiequellen wie Wind, Wasser und Sonne die Nutzung von Konstruktionslösungen, die die daraus resultierende Aufgabe der Energiegewinnung wirtschaftlich umzusetzen. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird eine Lösung beschrieben, die helfen soll, die Windenergie zur Stromerzeugung in schlecht zugänglichen Gebieten, an Standorten mit großer Entfernung zu anderen Anlagen der Stromgewinnung oder in Gegenden für kleine Wohn- oder Industriebauten, wo die Wirtschaftlichkeit nachgewiesen werden kann, zu nutzen. Auch die Stromerzeugung für Baustellenbetrieb ist denkbar. Hierfür können Kleinwindenergieanlagen (KWEA) eine Alternative zur Stromerzeugung sein. Der vorliegende Beitrag beinhaltet Vorschläge zur konstruktiven Gestaltung, Besonderheiten der Berechnung und ein Beispiel für die Ausführung der Tragstruktur von KWEA. Grundlage für die Berechnung und Ausführung ist die DIN EN 61400–2:2006, deren Besonderheiten mit diesem Beitrag demonstriert werden. KW - Stahlbau KW - Windenergieanlagen Y1 - 2012 UR - http://www.bauingenieur.de/bauing/article.php?data[article_id]=68732 SN - 1436-4867 IS - 8 SP - 342 EP - 353 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Krausche, Thomas T1 - The Porsche Pavilion in the Autostadt Wolfsburg, Germany T2 - Procedia Engineering KW - monocoque KW - stainless steel KW - innovative building design KW - construction welding KW - light steel construction Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2013.04.010 SN - 1877-7058 IS - 57 SP - 63 EP - 69 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pitthan, E. A1 - dos Reis, R. A1 - Alberton Corrêa, Silma A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Boudinov, H. I. A1 - Stedile, F. C. T1 - Influence of CO annealing in metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitors with SiO2 films thermally grown on Si and on SiC T2 - Journal of Applied Physics N2 - Understanding the influence of SiC reaction with CO, a by-product of SiC thermal oxidation, is a key point to elucidate the origin of electrical defects in SiC metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) devices. In this work, the effects on electrical, structural, and chemical properties of SiO2/Si and SiO2/SiC structures submitted to CO annealing were investigated. It was observed that long annealing times resulted in the incorporation of carbon from CO in the Si substrate, followed by deterioration of the SiO2/Si interface, and its crystallization as SiC. Besides, this incorporated carbon remained in the Si surface (previous SiO2/Si region) after removal of the silicon dioxide film by HF etching. In the SiC case, an even more defective surface region was observed due to the CO interaction. All MOS capacitors formed using both semiconductor materials presented higher leakage current and generation of positive effective charge after CO annealings. Such results suggest that the negative fixed charge, typically observed in SiO2/SiC structures, is not originated from the interaction of the CO by-product, formed during SiC oxidation, with the SiO2/SiC interfacial region. KW - metal-oxide-semiconductor KW - silicon KW - silicon carbide KW - CO annealing Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4939836 SN - 0021-8979 SN - 1089-7550 IS - 119 SP - 025307-1 EP - 025307-6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dolman, Andrew M. A1 - Mischke, Ute A1 - Wiedner, Claudia T1 - Lake-type-specific seasonal patterns of nutrient limitation in German lakes, with target nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations for good ecological status T2 - Freshwater Biology KW - limitation KW - nitrogen Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/fwb.12718 SN - 1365-2427 VL - 61 IS - 4 SP - 444 EP - 456 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mohr, Susanna A1 - Kunz, Michael A1 - Keuler, Klaus T1 - Development and application of a logistic model to estimate the past and future hail potential in Germany T2 - Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres N2 - This study investigates to what extent the frequency of hail events in the summer months has changed during the past decades and which changes are expected to occur in the future. To improve the diagnostics of hail events by considering various factors relevant for the formation of hail, a logistic hail model has been developed by means of a multivariate analysis method. This statistical model is based on a combination of appropriate meteorological parameters (convective parameter, moisture content, etc.) and synoptic weather types. The output of the model is a new index that estimates the potential of the atmosphere for hailstorm development, referred to as potential hail index. Validations with independent data sets confirm the reliability of the model results. For Germany, the logistic hail model applied to reanalysis data over the past decades shows a markedly north‐to‐south gradient with most of the potential hail days occurring in the south. Applied to an ensemble of seven regional climate model simulations, it is found that the potential for hail events will increase in the future (2021–2050) compared to the past (1971–2000), but only statistically significant in the northwest and south of Germany. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JD022959 SN - 2169-8996 VL - 120 IS - 9 SP - 3939 EP - 3956 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schulze, Marcus A1 - Seidlitz, Holger A1 - König, Franziska A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Tribological Investigations of PVD Coated Multi-Layer Constructions T2 - Journal of Materials Science Research N2 - Multi-layer constructions become more and more relevant in lightweight applications due to their high strength to weight ratio. They offer excellent crash, damping and recycling properties. Also, the morphology of thermoplastic carbon fibre reinforced plastics (CFRP) render them interesting for large scale manufacturing processes. Nevertheless, a major disadvantage results in a poor resistance against wear and tear, e.g. erosion, which is attributed to weak hardness properties. Hence, this work deals with tribological investigations on orthotropic carbon fibre reinforced polymers (PA 6) either with protective ceramic coating or without. The chosen coating system is a well-known protective covering of metal components, e.g. metal cutting tools, produced by physical vapor deposition (PVD). To characterize the coating system on thermoplastic CFRP, standard analyzing methods are utilized, like optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The tribological investigations are conducted by the tribological ball on disk method to generate wear tracks on the sample surfaces and hence to calculate the wear rates. These results are compared to literature findings with respect to a certain protective coating system (TiN) and a second nano-structured gel coating system, where both systems are deposited on a thermosetting material, i.e. carbon fibre reinforced epoxy resin, respectively. For this purpose the feasibility of depositing a protective ceramic layer on thermoplastic CFRP is demonstrated. First results on suitable surface pre-treatments have shown a significant influence on the coating quality. The improved performance regarding the wear behavior with respect to tribology compared to the poor substrate and existing technologies is shown additionally. KW - thermoplastic composites KW - protective coating systems KW - tribology KW - wear KW - physical vapour deposition Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5539/jmsr.v5n1p97 SN - 1927-0585 VL - 5 IS - 1 SP - 97 EP - 106 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Casanueva, Anna A1 - Keuler, Klaus A1 - Kotlarski, Sven A1 - Herrera, Sixto A1 - Fernández, Jésus A1 - Gutiérrez, J. M. A1 - Boberg, Fredrik A1 - Colette, Augustin A1 - Bøssing Christensen, Ole A1 - Goergen, Klaus A1 - Jacob, Daniela A1 - Nikulin, Grigory A1 - Teichmann, Claas A1 - Vautard, Robert T1 - Daily precipitation statistics in a EURO-CORDEX RCM ensemble: Added value of raw and bias-corrected high-resolution simulations T2 - Climate Dynamics N2 - Daily precipitation statistics as simulated by the ERA-Interim-driven EURO-CORDEX regional climate model (RCM) ensemble are evaluated over two distinct regions of the European continent, namely the European Alps and Spain. The potential added value of the high-resolution 12 km experiments with respect to their 50 km resolution counterparts is investigated. The statistics considered consist of wet-day intensity and precipitation frequency as a measure of mean precipitation, and three precipitation-derived indicators (90th percentile on wet days—90pWET, contribution of the very wet days to total precipitation—R95pTOT and number of consecutive dry days—CDD). As reference for model evaluation high resolution gridded observational data over continental Spain (Spain011/044) and the Alpine region (EURO4M-APGD) are used. The assessment and comparison of the two resolutions is accomplished not only on their original horizontal grids (approximately 12 and 50 km), but the high-resolution RCMs are additionally regridded onto the coarse 50 km grid by grid cell aggregation for the direct comparison with the low resolution simulations. The direct application of RCMs e.g. in many impact modelling studies is hampered by model biases. Therefore bias correction (BC) techniques are needed at both resolutions to ensure a better agreement between models and observations. In this work, the added value of the high resolution (before and after the bias correction) is assessed and the suitability of these BC methods is also discussed. Three basic BC methods are applied to isolate the effect of biases in mean precipitation, wet-day intensity and wet-day frequency on the derived indicators. Daily precipitation percentiles are strongly affected by biases in the wet-day intensity, whereas the dry spells are better represented when the simulated precipitation frequency is adjusted to the observed one. This confirms that there is no single optimal way to correct for RCM biases, since correcting some distributional features typically leads to an improvement of some aspects but to a deterioration of others. Regarding mean seasonal biases before the BC, we find only limited evidence for an added value of the higher resolution in the precipitation intensity and frequency or in the derived indicators. Thereby, evaluation results considerably depend on the RCM, season and indicator considered. High resolution simulations better reproduce the indicators’ spatial patterns, especially in terms of spatial correlation. However, this improvement is not statistically significant after applying specific BC methods. KW - dded value; Bias correction; EURO-CORDEX; Precipitation indices; Regional climate models Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-015-2865-x SN - 1432-0894 VL - 47 IS - 3/4 SP - 719 EP - 737 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berghuijs, Wouter R. A1 - Harrigan, Shaun A1 - Kipnis, Evan L. A1 - Dogulu, Nilay A1 - Floriancic, Marius A1 - Müller, Hannes A1 - Pohle, Ina A1 - Saia, Sheila M. A1 - Sedlar, Frank A1 - Smoorenburg, Maarten A1 - Teutschbein, Claudia A1 - Emmerik, Tim van T1 - Creating Community for Early-Career Geoscientists T2 - EOS Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1029/2015EO041439 IS - 96 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rademacher, Antje A1 - Zakrzewski, Martha A1 - Schlueter, Andreas A1 - Schönberg, Mandy A1 - Szczepanowski, Rafael A1 - Goesmann, Alexander A1 - Puehler, Alfred A1 - Klocke, Michael T1 - Characterization of microbial biofilms in a thermophilic biogas system by high-throughput metagenome sequencing T2 - FEMS microbiology ecology KW - anaerobic digestion KW - 454-pyrosequencing KW - methanogenesis KW - microbial community Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.2011.01265.x SN - 1574-6941 VL - 79 IS - 3 SP - 785 EP - 799 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoff, Michael A1 - Harlander, Uwe A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Experimental survey of linear and nonlinear inertial waves and wave instabilities in a spherical shell T2 - Journal of Fluid Mechanics Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2015.743 SN - 1750-6859 IS - vol. 789 SP - 589 EP - 616 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stelldinger, Enrico A1 - Kühhorn, Arnold A1 - Kober, Markus T1 - Experimental evaluation of the low-velocity impact damage resistance of CFRP tubes with integrated rubber layer T2 - Composite Structures N2 - The impact performance of structural components made of fibre-reinforced plastic is often one of the limiting properties during the design process. To improve the damage resistance regarding transverse low-velocity impact loading, a rubber layer (KRAIBON®) is integrated into the composite laminate of tubular carbon/epoxy specimens. Numerous impact tests, using two different rubber compounds and three different layups, are carried out. The specimens are impacted using a modified Charpy pendulum. Force–time histories have been used to determine the damage threshold load. To visualise damage such as delaminations and inter-fibre failures, the impacted samples have been examined using microsectioning. It is shown that a significant improvement in impact damage resistance can be achieved by integrating a rubber layer into a carbon/epoxy laminate. KW - Composites KW - Tubes KW - Low-velocity impact KW - Damage resistance Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2015.11.069 SN - 0263-8223 IS - 139 SP - 30 EP - 35 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wurm, Andreas A1 - Bestle, Dieter T1 - Robust design optimization for improving automotive shift quality T2 - Optimization and Engineering KW - robust design KW - optimization Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11081-015-9290-1 SN - 1573-2924 SN - 1389-4420 VL - 17 IS - 2 SP - 421 EP - 436 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Muhondwa, Jacob Paul A1 - Martienssen, Marion A1 - Burkhardt, Marko T1 - Feasibility of Anaerobic Digestion of Potato peels for Biogas as Mitigation of Greenhouse gases Emission Potential T2 - International journal of environmental research Y1 - 2015 SN - 1735-6865 VL - 9 IS - 2 SP - 481 EP - 488 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwartz, Bernhard A1 - Oehme, Michael A1 - Kostecki, Konrad A1 - Widmann, Daniel A1 - Gollhofer, Martin A1 - Körner, Roman A1 - Bechler, Stefan A1 - Fischer, Inga Anita A1 - Wendav, Torsten A1 - Kasper, Erich A1 - Schulze, Jörg A1 - Kittler, Martin T1 - Electroluminescence of GeSn/Ge MQW LEDs on Si substrate T2 - Optics Letters Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1364/OL40.003209 VL - 40 IS - 13 SP - 3209 EP - 3212 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pasternak, Michal A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Sens, Marc A1 - Riess, Michael A1 - Benz, Andreas A1 - Stapf, Karl Georg T1 - Gasoline Engine Simulations Using a Zero-Dimensional Spark Ignition Stochastic Reactor Model and Three-Dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics Engine Model T2 - International Journal of Engine Research N2 - A simulation process for spark ignition gasoline engines is proposed. The process is based on a zero-dimensional spark ignition stochastic reactor model and three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics of the cold in-cylinder flow. The cold flow simulations are carried out to analyse changes in the turbulent kinetic energy and its dissipation. From this analysis, the volume-averaged turbulent mixing time can be estimated that is a main input parameter for the spark ignition stochastic reactor model. The spark ignition stochastic reactor model is used to simulate combustion progress and to analyse auto-ignition tendency in the end-gas zone based on the detailed reaction kinetics. The presented engineering process bridges the gap between three-dimensional and zero-dimensional models and is applicable to various engine concepts, such as, port-injected and direct injection engines, with single and multiple spark plug technology. The modelling enables predicting combustion effects and estimating the risk of knock occurrence at different operating points or new engine concepts for which limited experimental data are available. KW - Spark Ignition Engine, Engine Knock, Stochastic Reactor Model Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/1468087415599859 SN - 1468-0874 VL - 17 IS - 1 SP - 76 EP - 85 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kittler, Martin A1 - Arguirov, Tzanimir V. A1 - Reiche, Manfred A1 - Krause, Christoph A1 - Mankovics, Daniel T1 - About dislocation and oxygen related luminescence of Si around 0.8 eV T2 - Physica Status Solidi C Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pssc.201400231 SN - 1610-1642 VL - 12 IS - 8 SP - 1077 EP - 1080 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Locci, Carlo A1 - Colin, Olivier A1 - Poitou, Damien A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - A tabulated, flamelet based no model for large eddy simulations of non premixed turbulent jets with enthalpy loss T2 - Flow, Turbulence and Combustion N2 - Three LES models devoted to the NO prediction in under-adiabatic furnaces are evaluated in this paper: the NORA (NO relaxation Approach) model, based on the NO relaxation towards equilibrium, the linear model (LM) which employs a linear relation to rescale the NO consumption rate, and a new model, DF-NORA, in which the linear approximation of the LM is replaced by a tabulation of the reaction rate as a function of a NO progress variable. To generate this table, NO relaxation complex chemistry calculations are used like in NORA, but the homogeneous reactor is replaced by a steady laminar diffusion flame. These models are validated on Sandia Flame D and on the flameless case of Verissimo et al. (Ener. Fuel. 25, 2469-2480 ([32])). For both cases, NORA underpredicts the NO production due to its insensitivity to strain, while LM overpredicts NO by a factor 2 on Flame D and a factor 13 on the flameless case. DF-NORA presents the best prediction with a maximal underprediction of 30% on Flame D and an over-prediction of 30% on the final NO yield of the flameless case. The impact of a radiative source term is also assessed on Flame D, showing a local decrease of NO by less than 7% compared to the adiabatic calculation for the DF-NORA model. KW - Flameless Combustion, Large Eddy Simulations, NO modeling, Tabulation Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10494-014-9591-z SN - 1386-6184 VL - 94 IS - 4 SP - 691 EP - 729 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seidel, Lars A1 - Moshammer, Kai A1 - Wang, Xiaoxiao A1 - Zeuch, Thomas A1 - Kohse-Höinghaus, Katharina A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - Comprehensive kinetic modeling and experimental study of a fuel-rich, premixed n-heptane flame T2 - Combustion and Flame N2 - An existing comprehensive kinetic hydrocarbon oxidation model has been augmented and revised for a detailed analysis of n-heptane flame chemistry. The analysis was enabled by experiments in which the detailed species composition in a fuel-rich flat premixed (ϕ=1.69) n-heptane flame at 40mbar has been studied by flame-sampling molecular-beam mass spectrometry using electron impact ionization. Mole fraction profiles of more than 80 different species have been measured and compared against the new detailed kinetic model consisting of 349 species and 3686 elementary reactions. For all major products and most of the minor intermediates, a good agreement of the modeling results with the experimentally-observed mole fraction profiles has been found. The presence of low- and intermediate-temperature chemistry close to the burner surface was consistently observed in the experiment and the simulation. With the same kinetic model, n-heptane auto-ignition timing, flame speeds and species composition in a jet-stirred reactor have been successfully simulated for a broad range of temperatures (500-2000K) and pressures (1-40bar). The comprehensive nature and wide applicability of the new model were further demonstrated by the examination of various target experiments for other C1 to C7 fuels. KW - Hydrocarbon Oxidation Mechanism, Low Pressure Flame, Molecular-beam Spectrometry, n-Heptane, Soot Precursors Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2015.01.002 SN - 0010-2180 VL - 162 IS - 5 SP - 2045 EP - 2058 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reiche, Manfred A1 - Kittler, Martin A1 - Pippel, Eckhard A1 - Erfurth, Wilfried A1 - Haehnel, Angelika A1 - Übensee, Hartmut T1 - Strain and carrier transport along dislocations T2 - Physica Status Solidi C Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pssc.201400298 SN - 1610-1642 VL - 12 IS - 8 SP - 1071 EP - 1076 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pasternak, Michal A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Xavier, Fabio A1 - Riess, Michael A1 - Sens, Marc A1 - Benz, Andreas T1 - 0D/3D Simulations of Combustion in Gasoline Engines Operated with Multiple Spark Plug Technology T2 - SAE Technical Papers N2 - A simulation method is presented for the analysis of combustion in spark ignition (SI) engines operated at elevated exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) level and employing multiple spark plug technology. The modeling is based on a zero-dimensional (0D) stochastic reactor model for SI engines (SI-SRM). The model is built on a probability density function (PDF) approach for turbulent reactive flows that enables for detailed chemistry consideration. Calculations were carried out for one, two, and three spark plugs. Capability of the SI-SRM to simulate engines with multiple spark plug (multiple ignitions) systems has been verified by comparison to the results from a three-dimensional (3D) computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. Numerical simulations were carried for part load operating points with 12.5%, 20%, and 25% of EGR. At high load, the engine was operated at knock limit with 0%, and 20% of EGR and different inlet valve closure timing. The quasi-3D treatment of combustion chamber geometry and the spherical flame propagation by the 0D SI-SRM enabled for estimating the impact of number of spark plugs on the combustion progress and the risk of knock occurrence. Application of three spark plugs shortened significantly the combustion process. When the engine was operated at knock limit and with 20% EGR, combustion duration was similar to that of engine operation without EGR and with one spark plug. Overall, the results presented demonstrate that this method has the potential to support early stages of engine development with limited experimental data available. KW - Spark Igniton Engine, Multiple Spark Plug Technology, Stochastic Reactor Modeling Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4271/2015-01-1243 SN - 0148-7191 SN - 0096-5170 IS - 2015-01-1243 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reiche, Manfred A1 - Kittler, Martin A1 - Pippel, Eckhard A1 - Kosina, Hans A1 - Lugstein, Alois A1 - Übensee, Hartmut T1 - Electronic Properties of Dislocations T2 - Solid State Phenomena Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/SSP.242.141 SN - 1012-0394 VL - 242 SP - 141 EP - 146 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwartz, Bernhard A1 - Saring, Philipp A1 - Arguirov, Tzanimir V. A1 - Oehme, Michael A1 - Kostecki, Konrad A1 - Kasper, Erich A1 - Schulze, J. A1 - Kittler, Martin T1 - Analysis of EL Emitted by LEDs on Si Substrates Containing GeSn/Ge Multi Quantum Wells as Active Layers T2 - Solid State Phenomena Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/SSP.242.361 SN - 1012-0394 VL - 242 SP - 361 EP - 367 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Matthes, Mirjam A1 - Hartmann, Ingo A1 - Groll, Andreas A1 - Riebel, Ulrich T1 - Investigation on application and performance of emission reduction measures at a pellet boiler T2 - Biomass conversion and biorefinery N2 - Investigation on application and performance of emission reduction measures at a pellet boiler KW - biomass Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-015-0187-1 SN - 2190-6815 VL - 6 IS - 3 SP - 301 EP - 313 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Matrisciano, Andrea A1 - Borg, Anders A1 - Perlman, Cathleen A1 - Lehtiniemi, Harry A1 - Pasternak, Michal A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - Soot Source Term Tabulation Strategy for Diesel Engine Simulations with SRM T2 - SAE Technical Papers N2 - In this work a soot source term tabulation strategy for soot predictions under Diesel engine conditions within the zero-dimensional Direct Injection Stochastic Reactor Model (DI-SRM) framework is presented. The DI-SRM accounts for detailed chemistry, in-homogeneities in the combustion chamber and turbulence-chemistry interactions. The existing implementation [1] was extended with a framework facilitating the use of tabulated soot source terms. The implementation allows now for using soot source terms provided by an online chemistry calculation, and for the use of a pre-calculated flamelet soot source term library. Diesel engine calculations were performed using the same detailed kinetic soot model in both configurations. The chemical mechanism for n-heptane used in this work is taken from Zeuch et al. [2] and consists of 121 species and 973 reactions including PAH and thermal NO chemistry. The engine case presented in [1] is used also for this work. The case is a single-injection part-load passenger car Diesel engine with 27 % EGR fueled with regular Diesel fuel. The two different approaches are analyzed and a detailed comparison is presented for the different soot processes globally and in the mixture fraction space. The contribution of the work presented in this paper is that a method which allows for a direct comparison of soot source terms - calculated online or retrieved from a flamelet table - without any change in the simulation setup has been developed within the SRM framework. It is a unique tool for model development. Our analysis supports our previous conclusion [1] that flamelet soot source terms libraries can be used for multi-dimensional modeling of soot formation in Diesel engines. KW - Diesel Engine, Stochastic Reactor Modeling, Particlulate Matter Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4271/2015-24-2400 SN - 0148-7191 SN - 0096-5170 IS - 2015-24-2400 SP - 1 EP - 15 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berger, Ulrich A1 - Creutznacher, Thomas A1 - Lepratti, Raffaello A1 - Lamparter, Steffen T1 - Flexible Produktionssysteme in der Praxis T2 - Industrie 4.0 Management Y1 - 2015 SN - 2364-9208 IS - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Creutznacher, Thomas A1 - Berger, Ulrich A1 - Lepratti, Raffaello A1 - Lamparter, Steffen T1 - The transformable factory: adapting automotive production capacities T2 - Procedia CIRP Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2015.12.138 SN - 2212-8271 N1 - Research and Innovation in Manufacturing: Key Enabling Technologies for the Factories of the Future - Proceedings of the 48th CIRP Conference on Manufacturing Systems VL - 41 SP - 171 EP - 176 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Janke, Angela A1 - Mißler-Behr, Magdalena T1 - Identifying the Disruptive Potential of the Sustainable Innovation E-Mobility T2 - International Journal of Sustainable Energy Development N2 - History has shown that technology-based innovation, so-called disruptive innovation, has led to a downturn in the success of major firms like Nokia or Kodak. Therefore, a continuous technology assessment and a timely adoption of relevant new technologies is critical for the success of a company. Recently, researchers and practitioners have shown an increased interest in sustainable innovation. Existing research recognizes the critical role played by the ex-ante evaluation of disruptive technologies]. Surprisingly, the ex-ante evaluation of the disruptive potential of sustainable innovation has not yet been closely examined. A false estimation of the disruptive potential of sustainable innovation can lead to failure of leading firms [1]. This paper presents criteria for the ex-ante evaluation of the disruptive potential of sustainable innovation. The criteria and its application to the case of e-mobility show a medium disruptive potential of this sustainable innovation. KW - innovation KW - disruptive KW - E-Mobility Y1 - 2015 SN - 2046-3707 VL - 4 IS - 2 SP - 215 EP - 218 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kargl, Frank A1 - Heijden, Rens W. van der A1 - König, Hartmut A1 - Valdes, Alfonso A1 - Dacier, Marc C. T1 - Insights on the Security and Dependability of Industrial Control Systems T2 - IEEE Security & Privacy KW - Computer security;Industrial control;Industrial power systems;Industrial safety;Management;DCS;ICS;cyber-physical systems;distributed control systems;industrial control systems;security;security management Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/MSP.2014.120 SN - 1540-7993 VL - 12 IS - 6 SP - 75 EP - 78 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liu, Fuwen A1 - König, Hartmut T1 - Puzzle - an efficient, compression independent video encryption algorithm T2 - Multimedia tools and applications Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-012-1185-y SN - 1573-7721 VL - 73 IS - 2 SP - 715 EP - 735 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wiegleb, Gerhard A1 - Gebler, Daniel A1 - Weyer, Klaus van de A1 - Birk, Sebastian T1 - Comparative test of ecological assessment methods of lowland streams based on long-term monitoring data of macrophytes T2 - Science of the Total Environment Y1 - 2015 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969715308226 U6 - https://doi.org/doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.10.005 SN - 1879-1026 IS - Vol. 541 SP - 1269 EP - 1281 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wiegleb, Gerhard A1 - Herr, Wolfgang A1 - Zander, Bärbel A1 - Bröring, Udo A1 - Brux, Holger A1 - Weyer, Klaus van de T1 - Natural variation of macrophyte vegetation in lowland streams at the regional level T2 - Limnologica Y1 - 2015 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S007595111400084X U6 - https://doi.org/doi:10.1016/j.limno.2014.12.005 SN - 1873-5851 IS - vol. 51 SP - 53 EP - 62 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Oehring, Michael A1 - Lindemann, Janny A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Paul, Jonathan A1 - Stark, Andreas A1 - Lippmann, Thomas A1 - Schrüfer, Susanne A1 - Roth-Fagaraseanu, Dan A1 - Schreyer, Andreas A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Microstructure and mechanical properties of a forged β-solidifying γ TiAl alloy in different heat treatment conditions T2 - Intermetallics N2 - In the cast condition g titanium aluminide alloys that solidify completely through the b phase are characterized by fine and homogeneous microstructures, weak textures and low segregation. For these reasons such alloys have a relatively good workability and can be closed-die forged without preceding ingot breakdown even if the alloys contain no large fractions of the b phase at the working temperature. The present work was devoted to a combined study of the constitution and microstructural morphologies that develop in various two-step heat treatments of a single-step forged b solidifying alloy. The study included high-energy X-ray diffraction for in situ investigations of the constitution at the heat treatment temperature. It was observed that the phase ransformations are quite sluggish in the material which results in fine microstructures and some conditions that significantly deviate from thermodynamic equilibrium. Further, tensile and creep testing was carried out on the different material conditions in order to identify the range in which the properties can be varied. It is found that this easily forgeable material exhibits comparable strength, ductility and creep strength as more conventional peritectically solidifying alloys. KW - TiAl KW - Titanium Aluminides KW - hot die forging KW - TNB-V4 Y1 - 2015 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S096697951400301X U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intermet.2014.11.008 SN - 0966-9795 VL - 2015 IS - 58 SP - 71 EP - 83 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Haeberle, Jörg T1 - Intrinsic localized gap states in IGZO and its parent single crystalline TCOs T2 - Thin Solid Films N2 - We report on the X-ray absorption data for Indium–Gallium–Zink–Oxide thin films, amorphous ZnO films, amorphous SnOx films, and single crystalline In2O3, Ga2O3, ZnO, and SnO2 data. These absorption data probe the empty conduction band states explicitly. Also they allow for an elemental assignment using resonant excitation to derive the contributions of each metal ion. We find that the lowest states appear right at the Fermi energy and result from configuration interaction induced charge transfer states which we consider as intrinsic gap states. KW - Transparent conducting oxide KW - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy KW - Resonant photoemission spectroscopy KW - X-ray absorption spectroscopy KW - Electronic band structure KW - Intrinsic localized gap states Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2016.02.010 SN - 0040-6090 SN - 1879-2731 IS - 603 SP - 206 EP - 211 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Karnapke, Reinhardt A1 - Nolte, Jörg T1 - Buckshot Routing with Distance Vectors in Three Application Scenarios for Wireless Sensor Networks with Unstable Network Topologies and Unidirectional Links T2 - Journal on Sensors and Transducers N2 - Experiments have shown that the number of asymmetric and unidirectional links often exceeds the number of bidirectional ones, especially in the transitional area of the communication range of wireless sensor nodes. Still, most of today’s routing protocols ignore their existence or try to remove their implications. Also, links are not stable over time, and routes become unusable often, resulting in a need for new routing protocols that can handle highly dynamic links and use unidirectional links to their advantage. At Sensorcomm 2014, we presented BuckshotDV, a routing protocol which is resilient against link fluctuations and uses the longer reach of unidirectional links to increase its performance. Furthermore, its distance vector nature makes it scalable for large sensor networks. This paper is an extended version which adds some implementation details and the evaluation of BuckshotDV in two more application scenarios. Y1 - 2015 SN - 1726-5479 SN - 2306-8515 VL - 185 IS - 2 SP - 53 EP - 67 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Karnapke, Reinhardt A1 - Nolte, Jörg T1 - Triangle Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks with Unidirectional Links Revisited - a Look at Different Scenarios T2 - International Journal on Advances in Networks and Services N2 - Experiments with wireless sensor networks have shown that links are often asymmetric or unidirectional. This represents a serious problem for many routing protocols, which often depend on bidirectional links. Routing protocols that can use unidirectional links often induce a high overhead. To overcome this problem we introduced Unidirectional Link Triangle Routing, a routing protocol, which uses neighborhood information, gathered actively or passively, to route around unidirectional links. In this paper, we describe Unidirectional Link Triangle Routing in further detail and present additional evaluation results from different application scenarios. Y1 - 2014 SN - 1942-2644 VL - 17 IS - 1/2 SP - 72 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kazak, Fedor A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Test procedure for fatigue investigations regarding structured sheet metal joints T2 - Materials Testing N2 - The topic of fatigue strength of joints of flat and honeycomb-structured thin sheets has not yet been adequately studied. This concerns, for example,the development of an appropriate test method. In many cases, there is still a lack of information, how effective joints of flat and structured sheet metals are in omparison with reference joints of flat sheets. Combinations of resistance spot-welded specimens of flat and honeycomb-structured thin sheets of deep-drawing steel DC04 with a thickness of 0.5 mm were examined. Adopted clamping plates were applied for the testing. Joined smooth specimens were used as a reference material. The analysis of the frequency [1] was applied for comparison. The fatigue limit of a joint of a flat and a structured sheet metal is not significantly affected by spot welding. The fatigue limit of these spot-welded joints is comparable to that of an non joined honeycomb-structured sheet. By means of frequency or stiffness analysis, stability and damage mechanisms of differently shaped joints were explained. The joining of bridges of the structure shows a better stability than the combination of honeycombs. The stiffness analysis is a favored method for the clarification of the damage mechanisms in a spot-welded joint. The reasons for the low fatigue strength values of the joined flat-structured specimens compared to flat-flat joints are strong notch effects in the bridge area and momentum effects by the structure height of the studied honeycomb structure. The spot weld with a pronounced indentation also affected the fatigue strength of both flat and structured joined sheet metals. Y1 - 2016 SN - 0025-5300 SN - 2195-8572 VL - 58 IS - 2 SP - 109 EP - 116 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kazak, Fedor A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Comparability of structured and flat reference specimens made of thin sheet metal T2 - Materials Testing N2 - The literature review reveals that the honeycomb-structured thin sheet metals are not adequately investigated with regard to their fatigue strength. A question that remains almost completely ignored in the process is the direct comparability of structured thin sheet metals with flat reference specimens. A thin sheet is not a classic specimen to determine the fatigue strength because of the known problem of the fracture mechanics. Structured thin sheet metals of deep-drawing steel DC04 with a thickness of 0.5 mm were examined. Flat specimens were used as reference material. The frequency analysis was used for comparison. Fundamental differences in the mechanical behavior between flat and structured sheets under cyclic load were observed. Whereas an extremely flat S-N curve in the low-cycle region with a high slope coefficient was observed for the smooth thin sheets, the structured specimens show a curve typical for notched specimens. Moreover, the smooth sheets have a specific cyclic hardening and/or softening behavior. The state of plane stress of a fine sheet in contrast to a multi-axial one for the structured sheet complicates the direct comparison. For this reason, such a comparison with respect to their fatigue strength in the Wohler diagram should only be considered with caution. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3139/120.110748 SN - 0025-5300 SN - 2195-8572 VL - 57 IS - 6 SP - 567 EP - 573 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weiß, Sabine A1 - Mitevski, Bojan T1 - Microstructure and Deformation of Coronary Stents from CoCr-Alloys with Different Designs T2 - Materials N2 - Coronary heart disease is still one of the most common sources for death in western industrial countries. Since 1986, a metal vessel scaffold (stent) has been inserted to prevent the vessel wall from collapsing. Most of these coronary stents are made from CrNiMo­steel (316L). Due to its austenitic structure, the material shows a good combination of strength, ductility, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility. However, this material has some disadvantages like its non-MRI compatibility and its poor fluoroscopic visibility. Other typically used materials are the Co­Base alloys L-605 and F-562 which are MRI compatible as well as radiopaque. Another interesting fact is their excellent radial strength and therefore the ability to produce extra thin struts with increased strength. However, because of a strut diameter much less than 100 μm, the cross section consists of about 5 to 10 crystal grains (oligo­crystalline). Thus, very few or even just one grain can be responsible for the success or failure of the whole stent. To investigate the relation between microstructure, mechanical factors and stent design, commercially available Cobalt-Chromium stents were investigated with focus on distinct inhomogeneous plastic deformation due to crimping and dilation. A characteristic, material related deformation behavior with predominantly primary slip was identified to be responsible for the special properties of CoCr stents. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ma8052467 SN - 1996-1944 VL - 8 IS - 5 SP - 2467 EP - 2479 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lopacinski, Lukasz A1 - Brzozowski, Marcin A1 - Kraemer, Rolf A1 - Nolte, Jörg A1 - Büchner, Steffen T1 - 100 Gbps Wireless - Data Link Layer VHDL Implementation T2 - Measurement Automation Monitoring KW - 100 Gbit/s wireless KW - Data Link Layer KW - VHDL Y1 - 2015 UR - http://pak.info.pl/index.php?menu=artykulSzczegol&idArtykul=4400 SN - 0032-4140 VL - 61 IS - 7 SP - 333 EP - 336 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, Eva Nora A1 - Schalk, Loes von A1 - Hildebrandt, Anke A1 - Hinz, Christoph T1 - Wasserforschung vor neuen Herausforderungen: Ökohydrologisches Monitoring und Verfahrensentwicklung von innovativen Feldmethoden an terrestrischen und aquatischen Schnittstellen : Positionspapier des Open Space Workshops der 6. Water Research Horizon Conference, 17.-18. Juni 2015, Berlin T2 - Hydrologie und Wasserbewirtschaftung Y1 - 2015 SN - 1439-1783 VL - 59 IS - 6 SP - 431 EP - 432 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Naveed, Muhammad A1 - Flores Renteria, Arturo A1 - Nebel, Daniel A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Study of high velocity solid particle erosion behaviour of Ti2AlC MAX phase coatings T2 - Wear N2 - This research work provides information about the influence of Ti2AlC MAX phase coatings on the erosion resistance of Ti624 2alloy.Flat specimens were coated witha20 µm Ti2AlC film using an industrial siz emagnetron sputtering coater and annealed at 800 °C for 1h in vacuum for the formation of the MAX phase.The erosion resistance of the specimens was tested using high velocity particles at room temperature.The results indicate that the erosion resistance of Ti6242 has been significantly enhanced by the employment of MAX-phase coatings. This demonstrates the capability of using MAX phase coatings as erosion protective medium for engine components exposed to similar damage conditions. Additionally,the results show that uncoated Ti6242 samples with duplex microstructure have a better durability against erosion attack compared to uncoated samples with globular microstructure. KW - Erosion, MAX Phase Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2015.09.014 SN - 0043-1648 VL - 2015 IS - 342-343 SP - 391 EP - 397 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sieber, André A1 - Nolte, Jörg A1 - Karnapke, Reinhardt T1 - Compensating Dynamic Effects with Budget-based Energy Management to Reach Lifetime Goals T2 - Sensors & Transducers N2 - Nodes within sensor networks often have tight bound goals for the lifetime while running from a non-renewable energy source. Variations within the hardware or induced by the software complicate the prediction of the energy consumption. Additionally, batteries are vulnerable to temperature and non-linear effects. To reach certain lifetime goals under these influences without sacrificing energy due to pessimistic estimations, online energy management is necessary. At Sensorcomm 2015 we presented policies to control the behavior of applications and devices using energy budgets. This paper is an extended version which adds further details and the evaluation of the proposed dynamic energy management in a real-world scenario. KW - Wireless Sensor Networks KW - Energy Management KW - Lifetime Goals Y1 - 2015 SN - 2306-8515 VL - 194 IS - 11 SP - 22 EP - 34 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Orgas, Steffen T1 - Abriss über die Geschichte der Ziegelproduktion und des Bauens mit Backstein in Anklam T2 - Baltische Studien : Pommersche Jahrbücher für Landesgeschichte KW - Anklam KW - Bauwesen KW - Backstein Y1 - 2016 SN - 0067-3099 IS - N.F., Bd. 101 SP - 37 EP - 66 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nthambi, Mary T1 - Determinats of Households' Choice of Solid Waste Management Options in Kibera Slum, Kenya T2 - Journal of International and Real Estate and Construction Studies Y1 - 2013 SN - 2153-6813 VL - 3 IS - 2 SP - 143 EP - 162 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Neudert, Regina T1 - Is individualized rangeland lease institutionally incompatible with mobile pastoralism? A case study from post-socialist Azerbaijan T2 - Human Ecology Y1 - 2015 SN - 1572-9915 VL - 43 IS - 6 SP - 785 EP - 798 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Neudert, Regina A1 - Götter, Johanna A1 - Andriamparany, Jessica N. A1 - Rakotoarisoa, Miandrazo T1 - Income diversification, wealth, education and well-being in rural south-western Madagascar: Results from the Mahafaly Region T2 - Development Southern Africa Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/0376835X.2015.1063982 SN - 1470-3637 VL - 32 IS - 2 SP - 758 EP - 784 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Neudert, Regina A1 - Rühs, Michael A1 - Beckmann, Volker T1 - Implementation of Pasture Leasing Rights for Mobile Pastoralists - A Case Study on Institutional Change during Post-socialist Reforms in Azerbaijan T2 - International Journal of the Commons Y1 - 2015 SN - 1875-0281 VL - 9 IS - 2 SP - 648 EP - 669 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kober, Markus A1 - Kühhorn, Arnold A1 - Mück, Bernhard T1 - Topologieoptimierung eines fliehkraftbelasteten Triebwerkbauteils mit einfach zu implementierendem Algorithmus unter Berücksichtigung mehrerer Zielfunktionen T2 - NAFEMS-Magazin : Zeitschrift für numerische Simulationsmethoden und angrenzende Gebiete KW - Topologieoptimierung Y1 - 2015 UR - http://www.nafems.org/publications/magazin/archive/ SN - 2311-522x IS - 35 SP - 56 EP - 66 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mettke, Angelika A1 - Meetz, Michael T1 - Brandenburger Leitfaden für den Rückbau von Gebäuden T2 - Müll und Abfall KW - Bauherr KW - Rückbauplanung und Entsorgungskonzept KW - Rückbau Y1 - 2015 SN - 0027-2957 VL - 2015 IS - 10 SP - 550 EP - 558 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klepel, Olaf A1 - Danneberg, Nina A1 - Dräger, Matti A1 - Erlitz, Marcel A1 - Taubert, Michael T1 - Synthesis of Porous Carbon Monoliths Using Hard Templates T2 - Materials Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ma9030214 SN - 1996-1944 VL - 9 IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sauvigny, Friedrich T1 - Surfaces of prescribed mean curvature H(x,y,z) with one-to-one central projection onto a plane T2 - Pacific Journal of Mathematics KW - Surfaces of prescribed mean curvature Y1 - 2016 UR - http://msp.org/pjm/2016/281-2/index.xhtml U6 - https://doi.org/10.2140/pjm.2016.281.481 SN - 0030-8730 VL - 281 IS - 2 SP - 481 EP - 509 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krawczynski, René A1 - Wagner, Hans-Georg A1 - Crous, Pedro T1 - Pleurophoma ossicola Crous, Krawczynski & H.-G. Wagner, sp. nov T2 - Persoonia KW - Lieberoser Heide Y1 - 2015 IS - 35 SP - 202 EP - 203 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Milne, E. A1 - Banwari, S. A. A1 - Noellemeyer, E. A1 - Krawczynski, René T1 - Soil carbon, multiple benefits T2 - Environmental Development KW - soil carbon benefits Y1 - 2015 SN - 2211-4645 IS - 13 SP - 33 EP - 38 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Haelewaters, Danny A1 - Vanpoucke, Sofie A1 - Raes, Dirk A1 - Krawczynski, René T1 - On carrion-associated beetles in the Sonian Forest (Belgium): observations on five deer carcasses T2 - Bulletin de la Société royale belge d’Entomologie N2 - Carrion is an important element of temperate ecosystems, although far less studied than dead and decaying wood. In order to avoid competition, insects need to detect and colonize ephemeral resources like carrion quickly. The knowledge of this colonization is an important tool in forensic entomology. Hence, species identification is a most crucial factor. Among insects, most studies have concentrated on flies (Diptera), whereas beetles (Coleoptera) were neglected for a long time. Beetles, however, have forensic applications – they are part of the entomofaunal colonization of a carcass – and therefore recently more extensive research on forensic application of beetle data has been done. Beetle families with significance to forensic entomology are Silphidae, Staphylinidae, Histeridae, Trogidae, Dermestidae, Cleridae, Nitidulidae and Carabidae. This study documents the presence of beetles associated with decaying carcasses of deer in the Sonian Forest, Belgium. A total of 271 specimens of Coleoptera belonging to twenty-five species in six families was recorded. The number of species and specimens increased from the fresh stage to the bloated stage and active decay, to drop back down at the dry/remains stage. A discussion is given about some interesting collected species and families. KW - carcass ecology KW - forensic KW - beetles KW - coleoptera Y1 - 2015 IS - 151 SP - 37 EP - 45 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schlaghamerský, Jiri A1 - Krawczynski, René T1 - Does carcass decomposition affect soil-dwelling enchytraeids? T2 - Soil Organisms N2 - Carcass decomposition causes substantial changes in the humidity and chemistry of adjacent soil. Its potential effect on Enchytraeidae (Annelida: Clitellata) has, hitherto, not been studied. This pilot study on the effect of a large vertebrate carcass on enchytraeids was conducted in temperate grassland with sandy soil close to Cottbus (Germany). Soil cores for enchytraeid extraction were taken in June 2013 along four transects of 2.5 m length from the original centre of the carcass. By that time the carcass, exposed in September 2012, had almost entirely decomposed. Soil had been sampled along the transects in February and May 2013 for measurement of chemical characteristics. Enchytraeids were extracted by the wet funnel method (without heating) and identified alive to species. In total, 715 individuals and 8 species were recorded (including Fridericia brunensis, a species known from very few sites). Abundance means had a high variance, and apparent differences were not statistically significant. However, total abundance showed a distinct trend of increase with increasing distance from the carcass site, mostly due to high abundance and dominance of Enchytronia parva. Positive correlation with distance from the carcass was significant for enchytraeids as a group, E. parva and Fridericia spp. Enchytraeids in total and all species or genera tested except Enchytraeus spp. (predominantly E. buchholzi s.l.) had a negative correlation with conductivity. The latter, although not abundant, showed a clear peak at 0.5 m and had a positive correlation with soil pH. Further significant correlations were found between species or genera and pH, phosphate and humus content. In difference to some springtails, enchytraeids at the study site seemed to avoid the vicinity of carcasses, possibly due to high conductivity, ammonium and phosphate ion concentrations and pH of the affected soil. E. buchholzi, an opportunistic, stress-tolerant r-strategist, might be an exception. KW - Enchytraeidae KW - soil fauna KW - carrion KW - grassland Y1 - 2015 SN - 1864-6417 VL - 87 IS - 2 SP - 91 EP - 100 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krawczynski, René A1 - Meyer, Peter T1 - Totholz und Kadaver in Wildnisgebieten T2 - Natur und Landschaft N2 - Totholz und Tierkadaver stellen einen eigenen Lebensraum für teils hochgradig spezialisierte Arten und Lebensgemeinschaften dar. Während der Lebensraum Totholz als so gut erforscht gilt, dass detaillierte Managementvorgaben zum Erhalt der Biodiversität gegeben werden können, sind große Tierkadaver mit ihren Lebensgemeinschaften noch weitgehend unbekannt. Bei beiden Ressourcen haben die Stärke des Totholzes bzw. die Größe des Kadavers wie auch die Größe von Stilllegungsflächen im Wald, in denen Totholz akkumulieren kann, erheblichen Einfluss auf die Lebensgemeinschaft. Obligat nekrophage Wirbeltiere sind in Deutschland ausgestorben und €fakultative Aasfresser nutzen Kadaver opportunistisch vor allem zu Zeiten erhöhten Nahrungsbedarfs oder bei Ausfall der regulären Nahrung. Unter den Insekten finden sich noch streng nekrophage Arten, aber selbst sonst phytophage Arten nutzen Kadaver opportunistisch. KW - Totholz KW - Kadaver KW - Wildnis KW - Insekten KW - Wirbeltiere Y1 - 2015 SN - 0028-0615 VL - 90 IS - 9/10 SP - 426 EP - 429 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shvetz, Vasily A1 - Palekhov, Dmitry A1 - Schmidt, Michael A1 - Palekhova, Ludmila T1 - Building Up Knowledge on Sustainable Development at Higher Education Institutions T2 - Scientific Bulletin of National Mining University N2 - This article aims to describe theoretical and methodological approaches and provide practical recommendations for implementing principles of sustainable development into the education process at universities for non-environmental study programmes. KW - sustainable development KW - university education KW - higher education KW - green curriculum KW - international cooperation Y1 - 2015 UR - http://nv.nmu.org.ua/index.php/en/component/jdownloads/finish/55-04/8356-2015-04-shvetz/0 SN - 2071-2227 IS - 4 SP - 137 EP - 141 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Haase, Florian Vincent A1 - Kohlmeyer, Maria A1 - Rich, Beatrice Monique A1 - Woll, Ralf T1 - Determination of additional willingness to pay for socially reponsible products using descrete choice analysis T2 - Journal of Management and Sustainability Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5539/jms.v6n1p45 SN - 1925-4725 VL - 6 IS - 1 SP - 45 EP - 58 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Worlitz, Jane A1 - Woll, Ralf T1 - Auf Format gebracht - Six Sigma für Kleinunternehmen T2 - Qualität und Zuverlässigkeit Y1 - 2015 SN - 0720-1214 VL - 60 IS - 11 SP - 24 EP - 25 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Thompson, Corinne N. A1 - Zelner, Jonathan L. A1 - Nhu, Tran Do Hoang A1 - Phan, Vu Tra My A1 - Phuc, Hoang Le A1 - Hung, Nguyen Thanh A1 - Duong, Vu Thuy A1 - Ngoc, Minh Nguyen A1 - Tuan, Ha Manh A1 - Tu, Van Hoang Minh A1 - Vi, Lu Lan A1 - Chau, Nguyen Van Vinh A1 - Hien, Tran Tinh A1 - Clemm, Emmiliese von A1 - Storch, Harry A1 - Thwaites, Guy A1 - Grenfell, Bryan T. A1 - Baker, Stephen T1 - The impact of environmental and climatic variation on the spatiotemporal trends of hospitalized pediatric diarrhea in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam T2 - Health & Place N2 - It is predicted that the integration of climate-based early warning systems into existing action plans will facilitate the timely provision of interventions to diarrheal disease epidemics in resource-poor settings. Diarrhea remains a considerable public health problem in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), Vietnam and we aimed to quantify variation in the impact of environmental conditions on diarrheal disease risk across the city. Using all inpatient diarrheal admissions data from three large hospitals within HCMC, we developed a mixed effects regression model to differentiate district-level variation in risk due to environmental conditions from the overarching seasonality of diarrheal disease hospitalization in HCMC. We identified considerable spatial heterogeneity in the risk of all-cause diarrhea across districts of HCMC with low elevation and differential responses to flooding, air temperature, and humidity driving further spatial heterogeneity in diarrheal disease risk. The incorporation of these results into predictive forecasting algorithms will provide a powerful resource to aid diarrheal disease prevention and control practices in HCMC and other similar settings. Y1 - 2015 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1353829215001094 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2015.08.001 SN - 1353-8292 IS - 35 SP - 147 EP - 154 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, David T1 - Erweiterung des Instrumentariums des Kooperationscontrollings durch Lösungskonzepte der kooperativen Spieltheorie - eine Analyse T2 - Betriebswirtschaftliche Forschung und Praxis Y1 - 2015 SN - 0340-5370 VL - 67 IS - 4 SP - 458 EP - 482 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Steinberg, Falk A1 - Tursch, Philipp A1 - Woll, Ralf T1 - The improvement of Kansei engineering by using the repertory grid technique T2 - Management and Production Engineering Review Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/mper-2015-0029 VL - 6 IS - 3 SP - 77 EP - 82 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tursch, Philipp A1 - Goldmann, Christine A1 - Woll, Ralf T1 - Integration of TRIZ into Quality Function Deployment T2 - Management and Production Engineering Review Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/mper-2015-0017 VL - 6 IS - 2 SP - 56 EP - 62 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Steinberg, Falk A1 - Woll, Ralf T1 - Evaluation of product design analyses for the identification of perception-defining characteristics T2 - Management and Production Engineering Review Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/mper-2015-0016 VL - 6 IS - 2 SP - 45 EP - 55 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Angelov, Angel A1 - Wagner, Marcus T1 - Multimodal image registration by elastic matching of edge sketches via optimal control T2 - Journal of Industrial and Management Optimization (JIMO) N2 - For the problem of multimodal image registration, an optimal control approach is presented. The geometrical information of the images will be transformed into weighted edge sketches, for which a linear-elastic or hyperelastic registration will be performed. For the numerical solution of this problem, we provide a direct method based on discretization methods and large-scale optimization techniques. A comparison of a separated and a joint access for the generation of the edge sketches and the determination of the matching deformation is made. The quality of the results obtained with the optimal control method competes well with those generated by a standard variational method. KW - Multimodal image registration KW - linear-elastic and hyperelastic regularization KW - optimal control problem Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3934/jimo.2014.10.567 SN - 1547-5816 VL - 10 IS - 2 SP - 567 EP - 590 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lykina, Valeriya T1 - An Existence Theorem for a Class of Infinite Horizon Optimal Control Problems T2 - Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications N2 - In this paper, we deal with infinite horizon optimal control problems involving affine-linear dynamics and prove the existence of optimal solutions. The innovation of this paper lies in the special setting of the problem, precisely in the choice of weighted Sobolev and weighted Lebesgue spaces as the state and control spaces, respectively, which turns out to be meaningful for various problems. We apply the generalized Weierstraß theorem to prove the existence result. A lower semicontinuity theorem which is needed for that is shown under weakened assumptions. KW - Existence theorem KW - Weighted Sobolev and Lebesgue spaces KW - Weak lower semicontinuity Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10957-013-0500-8 SN - 0022-3239 SN - 1573-2878 VL - 169 IS - 1 SP - 50 EP - 73 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Oyegbile, Benjamin A1 - Ay, Peter A1 - Narra, Satyanarayana T1 - Optimisation of micro-processes for shear-assisted solid-liquid separation in a rotatory batch flow vortex reactor T2 - Journal of Water Reuse and Desalination N2 - This paper reports the study of micro-processes in a novel pre-treatment technique using a pellet forming batch flow vortex reactor of cylindrical shape that consists of axially revolving rotor plates between fixed stator plates. The suspension was first mixed with high molecular weight synthetic polymers by stirring for approximately 50 seconds and then agitated for 20 minutes. The process was optimised for a number of operating conditions including polymer type and dosing regimen, rotation speed, wall-plate gap distance, residence time and suspension filling method. The results of the investigation show that optimising a number of process variables that influence floc formation and growth, along with specific apparatus construction and geometry, help to maintain the suspension in a metastable state that is crucial for the formation of pellet-like compact agglomerates with better dewaterability and uniform aggregate size. A maximum dry solids content of 28.3% after gravity dewatering through a 0.5 mm sieve was recorded during the investigation, with a maximum particle removal efficiency of 97.5%. KW - floc stability, hydrodynamics, pelleting flocculation, sludge, turbulence Y1 - 2015 UR - www.iwaponline.com/jwrd/up/jwrd2015057.htm U6 - https://doi.org/10.2166/wrd.2015.057 VL - 6 IS - 1 SP - 125 EP - 136 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Eckert, Karl-Andreas A1 - Dasgupta, Sunanda A1 - Selge, Benjamin A1 - Ay, Peter T1 - Solid liquid phase diagrams of binary fatty acid mixtures - Palmitic/stearic with oleic/linoleic/linolenic acid mixture T2 - Thermochimica Acta N2 - The solid liquid phase diagrams of binary mixtures of the five main saturated and unsaturated fatty acids present in most edible plant oils have been determined in this paper. These binary mixtures comprise of a saturated fatty acid, either palmitic (C16:0) or stearic (C18:0) and an unsaturated one, oleic (C18:1), linoleic (C18:2) or linolenic (C18:3) acid. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to obtain an overview of the solid liquid transition behaviour including the metastable ranges of these mixtures. In order to describe all the phase transformations in these systems, the boundary functions have been determined and compared. Phase diagrams determined, illustrate characteristic behaviour in accordance to literature. This work specifically focuses on to describe the solid liquid transitions of the mixtures and not on every single transition or reaction. This paper contributes to the elucidation of the phase behaviour of these important mixtures which are applied in diverse industries. KW - Binary mixtures; Solid liquid equilibrium; Saturated and unsaturated fatty acids; Phase diagram; DSC Y1 - 2016 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040603116300193 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2016.02.008 SN - 0040-6031 VL - Vol. 630 SP - 50 EP - 63 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wagner, Marcus T1 - A Note on Gradient Young Measure Relaxation of Dieudonné-Rashevsky Type Control Problems with Integrands f(s, ξ, v) T2 - Journal of Convex Analysis N2 - We prove a relaxation theorem for multidimensional control problems of Dieudonn\'e-Rashevsky type in terms of generalized controls. The main ingredient of the proof is a characterization theorem for gradient Young measures supported on the convex control domain $K\subset \R^{nm}$, which generalizes previous work of Kinderlehrer and Pedregal. KW - Multidimensional control problem KW - minimal value KW - nonconvex relaxation KW - lower semicontinuous quasiconvex envelope Y1 - 2014 SN - 0944-6532 VL - 21 IS - 2 SP - 453 EP - 476 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pickenhain, Sabine T1 - Infinite Horizon Optimal Control Problems in the Light of Convex Analysis in Hilbert Spaces T2 - Set-Valued and Variational Analysis N2 - In this paper a class of linear-quadratic infinite horizon optimal control problems is considered. Problems of this type are not only of practical interest. They also appear as an approximation of nonlinear problems. The key idea is to introduce weighted Sobolev spaces as state space and weighted Lebesgue spaces as control spaces into the problem setting. We investigate the question of existence of an optimal solution in these spaces and establish a Pontryagin type Maximum Principle as a necessary optimality condition including transversality conditions. KW - Infinite horizon KW - Optimal control KW - Pontryagin’s Maximum Principle Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11228-014-0304-5 SN - 1877-0533 SN - 1877-0541 VL - 23 IS - 1 SP - 169 EP - 189 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pickenhain, Sabine A1 - Burtchen, Angie A1 - Kolo, Katharina A1 - Lykina, Valeriya T1 - An indirect pseudospectral method for the solution of linear-quadratic optimal control problems with infinite horizon T2 - Optimization KW - optimal control KW - linear-quadratic problem KW - weighted Lebesgue spaces Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/02331934.2015.1014481 SN - 0233-1934 SN - 1029-4945 VL - 65 IS - 3 SP - 609 EP - 633 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tauchnitz, Nico T1 - The Pontryagin Maximum Principle for Nonlinear Optimal Control Problems with Infinite Horizon T2 - Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications N2 - The famous proof of the Pontryagin maximum principle for control problems on a finite horizon bases on the needle variation technique, as well as the separability concept of cones created by disturbances of the trajectories. In this paper, we follow the approach to state the optimal control problem as an extremal problem in function spaces, and then realizing the Lagrange principle for this extremal problem via the separation technique. The result is the Pontryagin maximum principle as necessary condition for a strong local minimizer in infinite horizon optimal control problems. This approach yields the existence of the adjoint and the validity of the transversality conditions at infinity. To get the Lagrange multipliers rule in this particular context, we introduce a multiple needle variation technique on the infinite horizon. KW - Pontryagin maximum principle KW - Infinite horizon KW - Optimal control Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10957-015-0723-y SN - 0022-3239 SN - 1573-2878 VL - 167 IS - 1 SP - 27 EP - 48 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schöpke, Ralph A1 - Preuß, Volker T1 - Bewertung der Acidität von bergbauversauerten Wässern und deren Sanierung T2 - Grundwasser Y1 - 2012 SN - 1430-483X SN - 1432-1165 VL - 17 IS - 3 SP - 147 EP - 156 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Löffler, Stephanie A1 - Baier, Daniel T1 - Bayesian Conjoint Analysis in Water Park Pricing: A New Approach Taking Varying Part Worths for Attribute Levels into Account T2 - Journal of Service Science and Management N2 - Nowadays, the application of conjoint analysis for measuring customers’ preferences for goods and services is wide-spread in marketing. A sample of customers is confronted with fictive offers and asked for evaluations. From these responses part worths for attribute levels of the offers are estimated and used to develop an optimal design and pricing for an offer. However, especially in tourism, it can be observed that attribute importance not only differs between customers but also varies over a single customer’s usage situations and her/his mood. In this paper, we propose a measurement approach that respects this variation. Part worths are stochastically modeled and estimated using Bayesian procedures. The approach is applied to design and price a water park. Y1 - 2015 UR - http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=53746 SN - 1940-9893 VL - 8 IS - 1 SP - 46 EP - 56 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Corneil, Derek G. A1 - Dusart, Jérémie A1 - Habib, Michel A1 - Köhler, Ekkehard T1 - On the Power of Graph Searching for Cocomparability Graphs T2 - SIAM Journal on Discrete Mathematics (SIDMA) Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1137/15M1012396 SN - 1095-7146 SN - 0895-4801 VL - 30 IS - 1 SP - 569 EP - 591 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klonowski, Bastian A1 - Rössler, Annett A1 - Gu, Xiaoying A1 - Krawczynski, René A1 - Wiegleb, Gerhard T1 - Influence of a badger carcass on soil chemistry and Collembola T2 - Acta Societatis Zoologicae Bohemicae N2 - In June 2009 a badger carcass was exposed on the former Soviet military training area of Lieberose in Brandenburg, Germany. Two months later, soil samples were taken on the former carcass site by a cross-shaped sampling design including 61 samples. Parameters tested were pH, water content, organic matter content, NO3–, NH4+, PO43– and conductivity. During a second sampling campaign in June 2010, the same parameters were tested again as well as collembolans. One year after decomposition, NO3– and PO43– was still significantly increased, whereas NH4+, conductivity and water showed a significant increase only in the first sampling campaign. Organic matter content and pH showed no significant changes. 7,606 collembolan individuals belonging to 13 species were extracted. 94.6% were. KW - carcass KW - nitrogen KW - collembola KW - Hypogastrura vernalis KW - soil parameters Y1 - 2016 UR - https://www.researchgate.net/publication/301124349_Influence_of_a_badger_carcass_on_soil_chemistry_and_Collembola SN - 1211-376X VL - 79 IS - 3 SP - 235 EP - 241 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kramm, Ulrike Ingrid A1 - Zana, Alessandro A1 - Vosch, Tom A1 - Fiechter, Sebastian A1 - Arenz, Matthias A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - On the structural composition and stability of Fe–N–C catalysts prepared by an intermediate acid leaching T2 - Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry N2 - The development of highly active and stable non-noble metal catalysts (NNMC) for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEM-FC) becomes of importance in order to enable cost reduction. In this work, we discuss the structural composition as derived from Fe-57Mößbauer spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction, catalytic performance determined by a rotating (ring)disk electrode (RRDE) technique and stability evaluation of our Fe–N–C catalysts prepared by an intermediate acid leaching (IAL). The advantage of this IAL is given by a high density of active sites within the catalyst, as even without sulphur addition, an iron carbide formation and related disintegration of active sites are inhibited. In addition, our accelerated stress tests illustrate better stability of the sulphur-free IAL catalyst in comparison to the sulphur-added one. KW - Non-noblemetal catalysts (NNMC) KW - Fe–N–C KW - oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) KW - PEM fuel cell (PEM-FC) KW - Accelerated stress tests (ASTs) KW - Mößbauer spectroscopy Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-015-3060-z SN - 1432-8488 SN - 1433-0768 N1 - 1. ISSN: P 2. ISSN: E VL - 20 IS - 4 SP - 969 EP - 981 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Steinberg, Falk T1 - Risikomanagement im Umfeld von Gewährleistungs- und Kulanzkosten T2 - Controller Magazin Y1 - 2010 SN - 1616-0495 VL - 35 IS - 3 SP - 10 EP - 14 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bäsler, Maurice A1 - Voigt, Matthias A1 - Woll, Ralf T1 - Analysing the Meaning of Quality Management in Cross-border Business Cooperations by using Benchmarking Methodology T2 - The Asian Journal on Quality Y1 - 2007 VL - 8 IS - 2 SP - 57 EP - 68 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bredies, Kristian A1 - Wagner, Marcus A1 - Schubert, Christian A1 - Ahnelt, Peter T1 - Computer-assisted counting of retinal cells by automatic segmentation after TV denoising T2 - BMC ophthalmology KW - Mammalian photoreceptor cells KW - Automatical counting KW - Adaptive algorithm Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2415-13-59 SN - 1471-2415 VL - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kunisch, Karl A1 - Wagner, Marcus T1 - Optimal control of the bidomain system (II): uniqueness and regularity theorems for weak solutions T2 - Annali di Matematica Pura ed Applicata N2 - Motivated by the study of related optimal control problems, weak and strong solution concepts for the bidomain system together with two-variable ionic models are analyzed. A key ingredient for the analysis is the bidomain bilinear form. Global existence of weak and strong solutions as well as stability and uniqueness theorems is proven. KW - Bidomain equations KW - Weak solution Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10231-012-0254-1 SN - 0373-3114 SN - 1618-1891 VL - 192 IS - 6 SP - 951 EP - 986 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Höfers, Imke A1 - Wunderlich, Ralf T1 - Portfolio optimization under dynamic risk constraints T2 - arXiv.org Y1 - 2016 UR - http://arxiv.org/pdf/1602.00570v1.pdf ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kaufmann, Gerd A1 - Frankenberg, Olga A1 - Sommer, Ralf-Rüdiger A1 - Jost, Annemarie T1 - Potenziale kooperativen Lernens in der Projektentwicklung : Relevanz kooperativer Beteiligungsverfahren für die Weiterentwicklung generationengerechter Wohnformen in strukturschwachen ländlichen Räumen T2 - Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie N2 - Eine gemeinsame Initiative von Trägern von Pflegeeinrichtungen, Kommune und Forschung hat in Zusammenarbeit mit Vertretern aus der Landespolitik und Bürgern einen kooperativen Beteiligungsprozess zur Weiterentwicklung der Angebotsstrukturen der Pflegeleistungen in vom demografischen Wandel geprägten strukturschwachen ländlichen Raum im Land Brandenburg entwickelt. Die Erfahrungen über den resultierenden Lernprozess bei den Beteilgten auf verschiedenen Ebenen wird dargestellt und kontextualisiert. Zur Weiterentwicklung von generationsgerechten Wohnformen in ländlichen Räumen sind kooperative Beteiligungsverfahren von entscheidender Bedeutung für zukunftsfähige und synergetische Projekte. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00391-015-0998-5 SN - 1435-1269 SN - 0948-6704 VL - 50 IS - 3 SP - 187 EP - 193 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Puppe, Daniel A1 - Höhn, Axel A1 - Kaczorek, Danuta A1 - Wanner, Manfred A1 - Sommer, Michael T1 - As time goes by—Spatiotemporal changes of biogenic Si pools in initial T2 - Applied Soil Ecology N2 - Accumulation and recycling of biogenic silicon (BSi) in terrestrial ecosystems influence fluxes of dissolved Si from the continents to the oceans, thus act as a filter in the global Si cycle. Although the biogenic control mechanism especially of phytogenic Si pools (phytoliths) has been generally recognized since decades quantitative information on other terrestrial BSi pools is surprisingly rare. For the first time terrestrial protophytic (diatom frustules), protozoic (testate amoeba shells) and zoogenic (sponge spicules) Si pools were quantified in soils of initial ecosystem states. We analyzed spatiotemporal changes of these Si pools in differently aged soils of the artificial catchment ‘Chicken Creek’ in NE Germany. Within a relatively short time span (<10 years) of ecosystem development protophytic, protozoic and zoogenic Si pool sizes increased markedly, whereat protozoic Si pools were the smallest ones with a maximum of 6.2 mg m−2. Zoogenic Si pool size (max. 22.6 mg m−2) is comparable to the one of protophytic Si pools (max. 30.5 mg m−2) although only few sponge spicules (n = 10) and spicule fragments (n = 2) were found. Differences in quantities, dynamics and resistibility against dissolution of various BSi pools indicate their possibility to influence biogeochemical Si cycling relatively rapid (protophytic and protozoic Si pools) or slow (zoogenic Si pool). Spatiotemporal changes of protophytic and protozoic Si pools within the first decade of ecosystem development seem to be mainly controlled by (biotic) small-scale environmental conditions (e.g., vegetation, food sources). Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.01.020 SN - 0929-1393 VL - 105 SP - 9 EP - 16 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Janke, Christian A1 - Bestle, Dieter A1 - Becker, Bernd T1 - Compressor Map Computation Based on 3D CFD Analysis T2 - CEAS Aeronautical Journal KW - 3D CFD Analysis Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s13272-015-0159-y SN - 1869-5582 VL - 6 IS - 4 SP - 515 EP - 527 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Felgenhauer, Ursula T1 - Stability analysis of variational inequalities for bang-singular-bang controls T2 - Control and Cybernetics N2 - The paper is related to parameter dependent optimal control problems for control-affine systems. The case of scalar reference control with bang-singular-bang structure is considered. The analysis starts from a variational inequality (VI) formulation of Pontryagin's Maximum Principle. In a first step, under appropriate higher-order sufficient optimality conditions, the existence of solutions for the linearized problem (LVI) is proven. In a second step, for a certain class of right-hand side perturbation, it is shown that the controls from LVI have bang-singular-bang structure and, in L_1 topology, depend Lipschitz continuously on the data. Applying finally a common fixed-point approach to VI, the results are brought together to obtain existence and structural stability results for extremals of the original control problem under parameter perturbation. KW - parametric optimal control problems, bang-singular control structure, approximation of extremals Y1 - 2013 SN - 0324-8569 VL - 42 IS - 3 SP - 557 EP - 592 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Köhler, Ekkehard A1 - Strehler, Martin T1 - Traffic signal optimization using cyclically expanded networks T2 - Networks Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/net.21601 VL - 65 IS - 3 SP - 244 EP - 261 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lopacinski, Lukasz A1 - Brzozowski, Marcin A1 - Kraemer, Rolf A1 - Büchner, Steffen A1 - Nolte, Jörg T1 - 100 Gbps data link layer - from simulation to FPGA implementation T2 - Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology (JTIT) Y1 - 2016 UR - http://www.itl.waw.pl/czasopisma/JTIT/2016/1/90.pdf SN - 1509-4553 IS - 1 SP - 90 EP - 100 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Felgenhauer, Ursula T1 - Note on local quadratic growth estimates in bang-bang optimal control problems T2 - Optimization : a Journal of Mathematical Programming and Operations Research N2 - Strong second-order conditions in mathematical programming play an important role not only as optimality tests but also as an intrinsic feature in stability and convergence theory of related numerical methods. Besides of appropriate firstorder regularity conditions, the crucial point consists in local growth estimation for the objective which yields inverse stability information on the solution. In optimal control, similar results are known in case of continuous control functions, and for bang–bang optimal controls when the state system is linear. The paper provides a generalization of the latter result to bang–bang optimal control problems for systems which are affine-linear w.r.t. the control but depend nonlinearly on the state. Local quadratic growth in terms of L1 norms of the control variation are obtained under appropriate structural and second-order sufficient optimality conditions. KW - bang–bang control structure KW - strong local optimality KW - sufficient optimality conditions KW - solution stability Y1 - 2015 UR - http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02331934.2013.773000 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/02331934.2013.773000 SN - 1029-4945 VL - 64 IS - 3 SP - 521 EP - 537 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ubben, Paul Tobe A1 - Bestle, Dieter A1 - Haug, Jürgen T1 - Robust Automotive Suspension Design Using Adaptive Response Surface Based Multi-objektive Optimization T2 - RDO-Journal KW - multi-objective optimization Y1 - 2015 IS - 2 SP - 10 EP - 15 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Felgenhauer, Ursula T1 - Discretization of semilinear bang-singular-bang control problems T2 - Computational Optimization and Applications N2 - Bang--singular controls may appear in optimal control problems where the control enters the system linearly. We analyze a discretization of the first-order system of necessary optimality conditions written in terms of a variational inequality (or: inclusion) under appropriate assumptions including second-order optimality conditions. For the so-called semilinear case, it is proved that the discrete control has the same principal bang-singular-bang structure as the reference control and, in L_1 topology, the convergence is of order one w.r.t. the stepsize. KW - bang-singular control structure KW - approximation of extremals KW - Euler method KW - L_1 error estimate Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10589-015-9800-2 SN - 0926-6003 VL - 64 IS - 1 SP - 295 EP - 326 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Felgenhauer, Ursula T1 - On stability of bang-bang type controls T2 - SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization N2 - From the theory of nonlinear optimal control problems it is known that the solution stability w.r.t. data perturbations and conditions for strict local optimality are closely related facts. For important classes of control problems, sufficient optimality conditions can be formulated as a combination of the independence of active constraints' gradients and certain coercivity criteria. In the case of discontinuous controls, however, common pointwise coercivity approaches may fail. In the paper, we consider sufficient optimality conditions for strong local minimizers which make use of an integrated Hamilton--Jacobi inequality. In the case of linear system dynamics, we show that the solution stability (including the switching points localization) is ensured under relatively mild regularity assumptions on the switching function zeros. For the objective functional, local quadratic growth estimates in L1 sense are provided. An example illustrates stability as well as instability effects in case the regularity condition is violated. KW - optimal control KW - solution structure stability KW - strong local minimality Y1 - 2003 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1137/S0363012901399271 VL - 41 IS - 6 SP - 1843 EP - 1867 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Köhler, Ekkehard A1 - Liebchen, Christian A1 - Wünsch, Gregor A1 - Rizzi, Romeo T1 - Lower bounds for strictly fundamental cycle bases in grid graphs T2 - Networks : an international journal Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/net.20283 SN - 1097-0037 VL - 53 IS - 2 SP - 191 EP - 205 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Köhler, Ekkehard A1 - Mouatadid, Lalla T1 - A linear time algorithm to compute a maximum weighted independent set on cocomparability graphs T2 - Information Processing Letters Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ipl.2015.12.001 SN - 0020-0190 VL - 116 IS - 6 SP - 391 EP - 395 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dreibati, Ossama A1 - Ossenbrink, Ralf A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Quantification of cold cracking parameters of high strength steels by physical simulation under welding conditions T2 - Quarterly journal of the Japan Welding Society N2 - Cold cracks in welds are the result of the formation of brittle microstructure as martensite in the presence of diffusible hydrogen as well as of tensile stresses. Cold cracks occur when the combination of cold crack influence parameters (CCIP) overcomes a critical limit. In this study, critical combinations of CCIP were identified with an enhanced test procedure under welding conditions. The test is based on the physical simulation technique of heat affected zone (HAZ) and it is carried out using the test and simulation center Gleeble 3500. Thereby, laboratory special specimens are charged with hydrogen from pure hydrogen atmosphere in the initial stage of the test. Rigidly restraint specimen section is subjected to different weld temperature cycles. Through the thermal exposure, the desired microstructure of HAZ is set in the test zone of the restraint specimen section. A plastic deformation takes place owing to the prevented expansion during heating and contraction of the specimen during cooling. Consequently, compressive or tensile reactions stresses arise in the deformed zone. Cracked specimen represents a critical combination of the CCIP. The quantitative cold crack criterion separates the cold crack susceptible combinations from those non susceptible. KW - Cold Cracking KW - Physical Simulation KW - High Strength Steel Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2207/qjjws.31.148s SN - 0288-4771 VL - 31 IS - 4 SP - 148 EP - 152 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Michailov, Vesselin A1 - Dreibati, Ossama A1 - Ossenbrink, Ralf A1 - Schweizer, Frank T1 - Rechnergestützte Vorhersage der Kaltrissneigung laserstrahlgeschweißter Bauteile aus hochfesten Stählen - Teil 1 T2 - Schweißen und Schneiden : Fachzeitschrift für Schweißen und verwandte Verfahren KW - Kaltriss KW - hochfeste Stähle KW - laserstrahlgeschweißte Bauteile Y1 - 2013 SN - 0036-7184 VL - 65 IS - 11 SP - 776 EP - 781 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nowack, Kati A1 - Van Der Meer, Elke A1 - Milfont, Taciano T1 - Future versus Present: Time Perspective and Pupillary Response in a Relatedness Judgment Task investigating temporal event knowledge T2 - International Journal of Psychophysiology KW - Time perspective KW - Pupillary response Y1 - 2013 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167876012006800 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2012.12.006 SN - 0167-8760 VL - 87 IS - 2 SP - 173 EP - 182 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Brune, Christoph A1 - Maurer, Helmut A1 - Wagner, Marcus T1 - Detection of Intensity and Motion Edges within Optical Flow via Multidimensional Control T2 - SIAM Journal on Imaging Sciences N2 - In this paper, we propose a new optimization approach for the simultaneous computation of optical flow and edge detection therein. Instead of using an Ambrosio–Tortorelli type energy functional, we reformulate the optical flow problem as a multidimensional control problem. The optimal control problem is solved by discretization methods and large-scale optimization techniques. The edge detector can be immediately built from the control variables. We provide three series of numerical examples. The first shows that the mere presence of a gradient restriction has a regularizing effect, while the second demonstrates how to balance the regularizing effects of a term within the objective and the control restriction. The third series of numerical results is concerned with the direct evaluation of a TV-regularization term by introduction of control variables with sign restrictions. Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1137/080725064 VL - 2 IS - 4 SP - 1190 EP - 1210 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wagner, Marcus T1 - Pontryagin’s Maximum Principle for Multidimensional Control Problems in Image Processing T2 - Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications N2 - In the present paper, we prove a substantially improved version of the Pontryagin maximum principle for convex multidimensional control problems of Dieudonné-Rashevsky type. Although the range of the operator describing the first-order PDE system involved in this problem has infinite codimension, we obtain first-order necessary conditions in a completely analogous form as in the one-dimensional case. Furthermore, the adjoint variables are subjected to a Weyl decomposition. We reformulate two basic problems of mathematical image processing (determination of optical flow and shape from shading problem) within the framework of optimal control, which gives the possibility to incorporate hard constraints in the problems. In the convex case, we state the necessary optimality conditions for these problems. KW - Multidimensional control problems KW - First-order necessary conditions KW - Image processing Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10957-008-9460-9 SN - 1573-2878 SN - 0022-3239 VL - 140 IS - 3 SP - 543 EP - 576 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bordag, Ludmilla A. A1 - Chmakova, Alina Y. T1 - Explicit solutions for a nonlinear model of financial derivatives T2 - International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1142/S021902490700407X VL - 10 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 21 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nowack, Kati A1 - Van Der Meer, Elke T1 - Are larks future-oriented and owls present-oriented? Age- and sex- related shifts in chronotype–time perspective associations T2 - Chronobiology International KW - morningness/eveningness KW - time perspective Y1 - 2013 UR - http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.3109/07420528.2013.815197?journalCode=icbi20 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3109/07420528.2013.815197 SN - 0742-0528 VL - 30 IS - 10 SP - 1240 EP - 1250 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nowack, Kati A1 - Welke, Tinka A1 - Schaadt, Gesa A1 - Raisig, Sunny A1 - Hagendorf, Herbert A1 - Van Der Meer, Elke T1 - Semantic Priming of Progression Features in Events T2 - Journal of Psycholinguistic Research Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10936-014-9290-x SN - 1573-6555 SN - 0090-6905 VL - 44 IS - 2 SP - 201 EP - 214 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nowack, Kati A1 - Welke, Tinka A1 - Raisig, Sunny A1 - Schaadt, Gesa A1 - Hagendorf, Herbert A1 - Van Der Meer, Elke T1 - Cooking from cold to hot: goal-directedness in simulation and language T2 - Cognitive Linguistics Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/cog-2014-0058 SN - 1613-3641 SN - 0936-5907 VL - 25 IS - 4 SP - 559 EP - 581 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nowack, Kati A1 - Van Der Meer, Elke T1 - Impact of chronotype and time perspective on the processing of scripts. T2 - International Journal of Psychophysiology Y1 - 2014 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167876014000579 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2014.02.004 SN - 0167-8760 VL - 92 IS - 2 SP - 49 EP - 58 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shardin, Anton A1 - Wunderlich, Ralf T1 - Partially Observable Stochastic Optimal Control Problems for an Energy Storage T2 - Stochastics : an International Journal of Probability and Stochastic Processes Y1 - 2017 UR - http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/17442508.2016.1166506 UR - http://www.b-tu.de/fg-wirtschaftsmathematik/publikationen/refereed-journals SN - 1744-2516 VL - 89 IS - 1 SP - 280 EP - 310 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meer, Klaus T1 - An Extended Tree-Width Notion for Directed Graphs Related to the Computation of Permanents T2 - Theory of Computing Systems Y1 - 2014 SN - 1432-4350 VL - 55 IS - 2 SP - 330 EP - 346 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Felgenhauer, Ursula T1 - Structural Stability Investigation of Bang-Singular-Bang Optimal Controls T2 - Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications N2 - The paper is devoted to parametric optimal control problems with a scalar, partially singular optimal control function. In contrast to the case of pure bang-bang behavior, the investigation of structural stability properties for partially singular controls so far has been rarely addressed in literature. The central result of the paper deals with the case of one first order singular arc under regular concatenation to bang-arcs. Conditions will be provided which ensure the Lipschitz stability of bang-singular junction times positions with respect to small parameter changes. Three examples illustrate the main theorem. KW - Singular control, Strong Legendre condition, Bang-singular-bang control structure, Control stability Y1 - 2012 UR - http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10957-011-9925-0 SN - 0022-3239 VL - 152 IS - 3 SP - 605 EP - 631 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pielnhofer, Florian A1 - Schöneich, Michael A1 - Lorenz, Tobias A1 - Yan, Wenjie A1 - Nilges, Tom A1 - Weihrich, Richard A1 - Schmidt, Peer T1 - A rational approach to IrPTe – DFT and CalPhaD studies on phase stability, formation and structure of IrPT e T2 - Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie N2 - Phase formation, stability, crystal and electronic structures of IrPTe are investigated from experiment and quantum chemical calculations. The phase formation is studied from thermodynamic data and CalPhaD modeling. Applying a high-temperature gas-balance a formation pathway for IrPTe is studied from the elements and the binary parent compounds IrTe2 and IrP2. The obtained paracostibite (CoSbS) type structure contains rarely occurring heteroatomic P-Te dumbbells. The stability of IrPTe and the found structure is studied from DFT calculations with respect to the elements, IrTe2 and IrP2, and possible polymorphs. Probable metastable modifications with XY dumbbells (as known for isoelectronic compounds like CoAsS) are obtained from systematic DFT modelling. Phase transitions are predicted form the equation of states (EOS). According to its electronic band structure IrPTe is predicted as small gap (Eg = 0.5 eV) semiconductor. KW - phase stability KW - DFT KW - gas balance KW - thermodynamic modelling KW - structure prediction Y1 - 2015 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/zaac.201500149/abstract U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.201500149 SN - 1521-3749 VL - 641 IS - 6 SP - 1099 EP - 1105 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Efimova, Anastasia A1 - Pfützner, Linda A1 - Schmidt, Peer T1 - Thermal Stability and Decomposition Mechanism of 1-Ethyl-3-Methylimidazolium Halides T2 - Thermochimica Acta N2 - The thermochemical behavior of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium [EMIm] halides (Cl, Br and I) has been investigated for their crystalline and liquid states in the temperature range from −90 °C to 600 °C using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The temperatures and enthalpies of phase transitions have been determined: Tfus = 86(1) °C, ΔHfus = 14.2(0.7) kJ mol−1 ([EMIm]Cl); Tfus = 67(1) °C, ΔHfus = 19.3(0.7) kJ mol−1 ([EMIm]Br); and Tfus = 74(1) °C, ΔHfus = 16.9(0.6) kJ mol−1 ([EMIm]I). The decomposition temperatures, determined by onset of DTG at 1 K min−1 are 233(5) °C ([EMIm]Cl), 246(5) °C ([EMIm]Br), and 249(5) °C ([EMIm]I). The maximum operation temperature (MOT) has been estimated based on dynamic TGA for an operation time of 24 h: 132 °C ([EMIm]Cl), 149 °C ([EMIm]Br), 139 °C ([EMIm]I) and 8000 h: 76 °C ([EMIm]Cl), 90 °C ([EMIm]Br), 77 °C ([EMIm]I). The decomposition products of the investigated ionic liquids (ILs) after heating experiments were identified by means of TGA complemented with mass spectrometry (MS), for establishment of the mechanism of thermal decomposition of the ILs. Complete degradation of [EMIm]X ionic liquids occurs under formation of characteristic molecule fragments CH3+, NH+, and X+, CH3X+, C2H5X+ (X = Cl, Br, I). KW - Ionic liquids (ILs) KW - 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium halides ([EMIm] halides) KW - Thermal decomposition mechanism KW - Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) KW - Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) KW - Mass spectrometry (MS) KW - Integral isoconversional method KW - Maximum operation temperature (MOT) Y1 - 2015 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040603115000350 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2015.02.001 VL - 604 SP - 129 EP - 136 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Groh, Matthias F. A1 - Breternitz, Joachim A1 - Ahmed, Ejaz A1 - Isaeva, Anna A1 - Efimova, Anastasia A1 - Schmidt, Peer A1 - Ruck, Michael T1 - Ionothermal Synthesis, Structure, and Bonding of the Catena-Heteropolycation 1∞[Sb2Se2]+ T2 - Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie N2 - The reaction of antimony and selenium in the Lewis-acidic ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium tetrachloridoaluminate, [BMIm]Cl·4.7AlCl3, yielded dark-red crystals of [Sb2Se2]AlCl4. The formation starts above 160 °C; at about 190 °C, irreversible decomposition takes place. The compound crystallizes in the triclinic space group Pequation image with a = 919.39(2) pm, b = 1137.92(3) pm, c = 1152.30(3) pm, α = 68.047(1)°, β = 78.115(1)°, γ = 72.530(1)°, and Z = 4. The structure is similar to that of [Sb2Te2]AlCl4 but has only half the number of crystallographically independent atoms. Polycationic chains 1∞[Sb2Se2]+ form a pseudo-hexagonal arrangement along [01-1], which is interlaced by tetrahedral AlCl4– groups. The catena-heteropolycation 1∞[Sb2Se2]+ is a sequence of three different four-membered [Sb2Se2] rings. The chemical bonding scheme, established from the topological analysis of the real-space bonding indicator ELI-D, includes significantly polar covalent bonding in four-member rings within the polycation. The rings are connected into an infinite chain by homonuclear non-polar Sb–Sb bonds and highly polar Sb–Se bonds. Half of the selenium atoms are three-bonded. KW - Chain structures KW - Antimony KW - Heteropolycations KW - Main-group elements KW - Selenium Y1 - 2015 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/zaac.201400543/abstract U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.201400543 SN - 1521-3749 VL - 641 IS - 2 SP - 388 EP - 393 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gerstenberger, Colin A1 - Osiecki, Tomasz A1 - Kroll, Lothar A1 - Scholz, Peter A1 - Seidlitz, Holger T1 - Processing and characterization of cathodic dip coated metal/composite-laminates T2 - Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering N2 - The current trend shows an increasing demand for novel technologies, that facilitate a functional integration of fiber reinforced polymers (FRP) in metal based structures, especially in automotive industry. To comply with the requirements of large-scale production the use of fiber reinforced thermoplastics in form of hybrid metal/composite-laminates seems advantageous. By targeted exploitation of their high lightweight potential, combined with suitable capabilities for mass production and good damping properties, cost-effective and weight-optimized parts with high stiffness and load capacity can be provided for future applications. As there is little known about the processing and the mechanical properties of thermoplastic based FRP/metal-laminates, the study focuses on the development of novel hybrid laminates with low residual stresses, made of metallic steel sheets and continuous glass or carbon fiber reinforced polyamide 6. In this context, the influence of several pre-operations like sand blasting, cleaning or primer application on the interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) was examined in addition to their resistance to cathodic dip paint treatment. KW - Fiber reinforced thermoplastics (FRP) KW - Metal/composite-laminates KW - Hybrid laminates KW - Interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acme.2016.03.001 SN - 1644-9665 VL - 16 IS - 3 SP - 467 EP - 472 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Scholz, Tanja A1 - Schmidt, Peer T1 - Homogeneity Range of the Zirconium Phosphide Telluride Zr2+xPTe2 and the High Temperature Phase Transformation to Zr2PTe T2 - European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry N2 - The synthesis of the phosphide telluride Zr2+xPTe2 was accomplished by a solid-state reaction from the elements. Le Bail refinements of the as synthesized crystalline powders as well as the thermal decomposition of Zr2PTe2 along the homogeneity range Zr2+xPTe2 under the release of P4(g) and Te2(g) evidences a maximum zirconium content according to the composition Zr2.5PTe2. The thermal decomposition product of Zr2.5PTe2 undergoes a phase transformation to “Zr2PTe” adopting the structure motive of the binary phases ZrTe and ZrTe2. The new phase “Zr2PTe” has a wide homogeneity range Zr2–xP1–yTe1+y tolerating a deficit in the cation position and a mixed occupation of the anions. The composition of the crystalline decomposition product was determined to Zr1.95P0.84Te1.16 by Rietveld refinement and by analysing the elemental composition with ICP-OES. Zr1.95P0.84Te1.16 crystallizes in hexagonal space group P63/mmc (no. 194) with lattice constants: a = 3.8726(1) Å and c = 13.008(1) Å. KW - Phase transitions KW - Phase diagrams KW - Thermal decomposition KW - Structure elucidation KW - Tellurium KW - Phosphide telluride Y1 - 2015 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ejic.201403043/abstract U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ejic.201403043 SN - 1099-0682 IS - 8 SP - 1457 EP - 1462 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schulze, Marcus A1 - Seidlitz, Holger A1 - König, Franziska A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Nanoindentation measurements of PVD coated multilayer constructions T2 - Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering N2 - Carbon fibre reinforced thermoplastics (CFRP) are intensively used in lightweight applications due to their high strength to weight ratio. In addition they offer good crash, damping and recycling properties. On the basis of their morphology they are suitable for large scale manufacturing processes. A major disadvantage consists of its poor hardness properties, which is again an important requirement to realize a good erosion and wear behaviour. Design/methodology/approach: In this work the application of orthotropic carbon fibre reinforced polymers (PA6), with protective TiAlN coatings, produced by physical vapor deposition (PVD), is investigated. The characterization of the coating is performed by nanoindentation tests, roughness measurements and scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore micro hardness tests on selected well prepared cross sections are conducted, to compare the coating quality with established coating systems. Findings: By applying TiAlN coating, the hardness of the CFRP samples can be increased substantially up to 15 GPa, in comparison to the basic substrate. In addition the quality of the coating surface can be improved significantly by plasma etching pre-treatment. Research limitations/implications: The presented findings are preliminary results to prove the application of a standard processed ceramic coating on new composite types for mass production. The PVD coating process as well as the utilized testing methods are suitable to realize hard coatings on thermoplastic CFRP. This effect can be exploited for several lightweight applications to increase the erosion and wear resistance of composite materials. Originality/value: The presented results show, that ceramic coatings can be deposited on standard thermoplastic CFRP with polyamide 6 matrix. Therewith it can be expected, that the PVD coating process can make a essential contribution to increase the range of applications. KW - Nanoindentation KW - Thermoplastic composites KW - TiAlN-coating Y1 - 2015 UR - http://www.journalamme.org/vol72_2/7221.pdf SN - 1734-8412 VL - 72 IS - 2 SP - 53 EP - 60 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bachhuber, Frederik A1 - Appen, Jörg von A1 - Dronskowski, Richard A1 - Schmidt, Peer A1 - Nilges, Tom A1 - Pfitzner, Arno A1 - Weihrich, Richard T1 - Van der Waals interactions in selected allotropes of phosphorus T2 - Zeitschrift für Kristallografie N2 - Selected allotropes of phosphorus are investigated by different levels of density functional theory (DFT) calculations to evaluate the relative stability orders with a special focus on the role of van der Waals interactions.Phosphorus is an excellent reference system with a large number of allotropes. Starting from low-dimensional molecular (0D, white P) and polymer structures (1D, P nanorods) to layered (2D, black P) and tubular structures (2D and 3D, crystalline forms of red P), covalent structure motifs are interconnected by van der Waals interactions. They are a key factor for the correct energetic description of all P allotropes. A comparative study is carried out within the local density approximation (LDA) and the generalized gradient approximation (GGA), with and without implementation of a dispersion correction by Grimme (GGA-D2). Our intention is to achieve a reasonable agreement of our calculations with experimental data, the plausibility of energy values, and the treatment of long-range interactions. The effect of van der Waals interactions is exemplified for the interlayer distances of black phosphorous and its electronic structure. KW - allotropes KW - band structure KW - DFT KW - phosphorous KW - stability KW - van der Waals Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/zkri-2014-1800 SN - 2196-7105 VL - 230 IS - 2 SP - 107 EP - 115 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bachhuber, Frederik A1 - Appen, Jörg von A1 - Dronskowski, Richard A1 - Schmidt, Peer A1 - Nilges, Tom A1 - Pfitzner, Arno A1 - Weihrich, Richard T1 - The Extended Stability Range of Phosphorus Allotropes T2 - Angewandte Chemie / International edition N2 - Phosphorus displays fascinating structural diversity and the discovery of new modifications continues to attract attention. In this work, a complete stability range of known and novel crystalline allotropes of phosphorus is described for the first time. This includes recently discovered tubular modifications and the prediction of not-yet-known crystal structures of [P12] nanorods and not-yet-isolated [P14] nanorods. Despite significant structural differences, all P allotropes consist of covalent substructures, which are held together by van der Waals interactions. Their correct reproduction by ab initio calculations is a core issue of current research. While some predictions with the established DFT functionals GGA and LDA differ significantly from experimental data in the description of the P allotropes, consistently excellent agreement with the GGA-D2 approach is used to predict the solid structures of the P nanorods. KW - density functional calculations KW - phosphorus KW - structure elucidation KW - van der Waals interactions Y1 - 2014 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/anie.201404147/full U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201404147 SN - 1521-3773 VL - 53 IS - 43 SP - 11629 EP - 11633 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klein, Mario A1 - Podlesak, Frank A1 - Höfer, Kevin A1 - Seidlitz, Holger A1 - Gerstenberger, Colin A1 - Mayr, Peter A1 - Kroll, Lothar T1 - Advanced Joining Technologies for Load and Fibre Adjusted FRP-Metal Hybrid Structures T2 - Journal of Materials Science Research N2 - Multi-material-design (MMD) is commonly realized through the combination of thin sheet metal and fibre reinforced plastics (FRP). To maximize the high lightweight potential of the material groups within a multi-material system as good as possible, a material-adapted and particularly fibre adjusted joining technology must be applied. The present paper focuses on two novel joining technologies, the Flow Drill Joining (FDJ) method and Spin-Blind-Riveting (SBR), which were developed for joining heavy-duty metal/composite hybrids. Tests were carried out with material combinations which are significant for lightweight constructions such as aluminium (AA5083) and carbon fibre-reinforced polyamide in sheet thickness of 1.8 mm. The mechanical testing and manufacturing of those multi-material joints was investigated. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5539/jmsr.v4n4p26 SN - 1927-0585 SN - 1927-0593 VL - 4 IS - 4 SP - 26 EP - 33 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Osters, Oliver A1 - Nilges, Tom A1 - Schöneich, Michael A1 - Schmidt, Peer A1 - Rothballer, Jan A1 - Pielnhofer, Florian A1 - Weihrich, Richard T1 - Cd4Cu7As, the first representative of a fully ordered, orthorhombically distorted MgCu2 Laves phase T2 - Inorganic Chemistry N2 - The ternary Laves phase Cd4Cu7As is the first intermetallic compound in the system Cu–Cd–As and a representative of a new substitution variant for Laves phases. It crystallizes orthorhombically in the space group Pnnm (No. 58) with lattice parameters a = 9.8833(7) Å; b = 7.1251(3) Å; c = 5.0895(4) Å. All sites are fully occupied within the standard deviations. The structure can be described as typical Laves phase, where Cu and As are forming vertex-linked tetrahedra and Cd adopts the structure motive of a distorted diamond network. Cd4Cu7As was prepared from stoichiometric mixtures of the elements in a solid state reaction at 1000 °C. Magnetic measurements are showing a Pauli paramagnetic behavior. During our systematical investigations within the ternary phase triangle Cd–Cu–As the cubic C15-type Laves phase Cd4Cu6.9(1)As1.1(1) was structurally characterized. It crystallizes cubic in the space group Fd3m̅ with lattice parameter a = 7.0779(8) Å. Typically for quasi-binary Laves phases Cu and As are both occupying the 16c site. Chemical bonding, charge transfer and atomic properties of Cd4Cu7As were analyzed by band structure, ELF, and AIM calculations. On the basis of the general formula for Laves phases AB2, Cd is slightly positively charged forming the A substructure, whereas Cu and As represent the negatively charged B substructure in both cases. The crystal structure distortion is thus related to local effects caused by Arsenic that exhibits a larger atomic volume (18 Å3 compared to 13 Å3 for Cu) and higher ionicity in bonding. Y1 - 2012 UR - http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ic3005213 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/ic3005213 SN - 1520-510X VL - 51 SP - 8119 EP - 8127 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Scholz, Tanja A1 - Dao Quoc, Huong A1 - Schmidt, Peer T1 - Phase barograms – phased diagrams of vapour pressure: Eutectoid Phase Formation in Binary Systems T2 - Thermochimica Acta N2 - Phase barograms are specific representations of conventional (x, T) phase diagrams considering the vapor pressure as additional thermodynamic parameter. Thus, the determination of the vapor pressure is complementary to conventional DTA or DSC measurements. A stringent relationship between the phase diagram and the corresponding phase barogram is derived by thermodynamic considerations of phase relations for complex heterogeneous equilibria. For that purpose, a derivative of the three-dimensional Clausius–Clapeyron equation is utilized. As a result, a validation of DTA/DSC measurements becomes feasible by the transformation of characteristic effects of vapor pressure measurements into thermal effects in conventional phase diagrams. The system CsBr/SeO2 is presented as a case study of systems with a eutectoid phase formation. CsSeO2Br is formed from the binaries at ϑf = 180(5) °C; the compound decomposes peritectically at ϑp = 470(10) °C. KW - Phase barogram KW - Phase diagram KW - Vapor pressure KW - CsBr KW - SeO2 Y1 - 2012 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040603112001979 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2012.04.022 VL - 541 SP - 1 EP - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Günther, David A1 - Beckmann, Jens A1 - Schöneich, Michael A1 - Schmidt, Peer A1 - Klepel, Olaf T1 - Porous concrete as a template for the synthesis of porous carbon materials T2 - Carbon N2 - The potential of industrial porous concrete for using as a template for the synthesis of porous carbon materials has been investigated. Carbon replicas of porous concrete have been prepared by carbonization of sucrose. The pores of the resulting carbon materials range from the macropore to the micropore region, pointing to a hierarchy. Y1 - 2012 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S000862231200173X?np=y U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2012.02.039 SN - 0008-6223 VL - 50 IS - 8 SP - 3092 EP - 3116 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Peer A1 - Schöneich, Michael A1 - Bawohl, Melanie A1 - Nilges, Tom A1 - Weihrich, Richard T1 - Thermal analysis detecting equilibrium conditions: The use of the high temperature gas balance for thermogravimetric measurements T2 - Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry N2 - Several methods are established in thermal analysis to investigate phase formation, phase transition, and decomposition reactions. The analysis of phase equilibria with volatile components is particularly feasible by using standard method of thermogravimetry. Hardly any investigations of phase formation reactions are possible to realize if one of the components is lost by vaporization. By using the “High-Temperature Gas-Balance” (HTGB), the vapor phase is enclosed in a silica ampoule and thus forms an equilibrium gas phase in permanent contact with the solid phase. The measurement signal Δmmeas is caused by change of the leverage of the horizontal balance support during evaporation and condensation. The application of the HTGB allows the analysis of solid–gas equilibria in the working range from 0.01 till 15 bar at temperatures up to 1,100 °C. The first comparison of evaporation reactions determined by standard thermogravimetric analyses and by measurements using the HTGB is given for the inorganic systems: P, As, SeO2, PtI2, and Hg/I. KW - High-Temperature Gas-Balance KW - Thermogravimetry KW - Vapor pressure KW - Equilibrium measurements Y1 - 2012 UR - http://www.akademiai.com/doi/pdf/10.1007/s10973-011-2107-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-011-2107-3 SN - 1572-8943 VL - 110 IS - 3 SP - 1511 EP - 1521 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Osters, Oliver A1 - Nilges, Tom A1 - Bachhuber, Frederik A1 - Pielnhofer, Florian A1 - Weihrich, Richard A1 - Schöneich, Michael A1 - Schmidt, Peer T1 - Synthesis and Identification of Metastable Compounds: Black Arsenic—Science or Fiction? T2 - Angewandte Chemie / International edition N2 - Back in black: All metastable and stable phases can be identified for the solid solution arsenic/phosphorus by a combination of quantum-chemical calculations and investigations of the phase formation. Reaction paths for phase formations and transitions in situ were also evaluated. The results show that orthorhombic black arsenic (o-As) is metastable in pure form and has only been previously obtained by stabilizing impurities. KW - arsenic KW - metastable phases KW - phase formation KW - phosphorus KW - solid-state structures Y1 - 2012 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/anie.201106479/abstract U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201106479 SN - 1521-3773 VL - 51 IS - 12 SP - 2994 EP - 2997 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rudorf, Wolfram W. A1 - Schmidt, Peer T1 - Studies on synthetic galloalunites AGa3(SO4)2(OH)6: Synthesis, Thermal analysis, and X-ray characterization T2 - Thermochimica Acta N2 - Stoichiometric end member galloalunites of the general formula AGa3(SO4)2(OH)6, with A = Na+, K+, Rb+, H3O+, and NH4+ have been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. These galloalunites were characterized by chemical methods, thermal analysis (DSC, TG coupled with mass spectroscopy), and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). The stages of thermal decomposition of sodium, potassium and rubidium galloalunite show a common decomposition mechanism forming β-Ga2O3 and A2SO4 (A = Na+, K+, and Rb+) while ammonium and oxonium galloalunite decompose under formation of pure β-Ga2O3. The thermogravimetric results confirmed the analytical results on the galloalunites and thereby verified the stoichiometry of these synthetic products. Galloalunites with different monovalent cations in A site (i.e. Na+, K+, Rb+, H3O+ and NH4+) crystallize in the rhombohedral space group R-3m (#166). The effects of substitution on the unit cell parameters are rationalized in terms of the structural arrangements in galloalunites. The unit cell parameter c increases with increasing effective ionic radii of the cation in the A site, whereas the parameter a changes to a much lesser degree. KW - Synthesis KW - Galloalunites KW - X-ray diffraction KW - Unit cell parameters KW - Thermal analysis Y1 - 2011 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040603111002310 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2011.04.013 VL - 521 IS - 1-2 SP - 112 EP - 120 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Xi A1 - Herklotz, Frank A1 - Hieckmann, Ellen A1 - Weber, Jörg A1 - Schmidt, Peer T1 - Vapor phase growth of ZnO single crystals T2 - Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology : A N2 - Zinc oxide is a promising wide band gap semiconductor for future optoelectronic devices. Today ZnO bulk single crystals are grown by three different techniques: hydrothermally, from the melt, and by chemical vapor transport. For our studies, the authors employed in addition a simple and low cost vapor phase method which gives us good quality crystals and flexibility in crystal doping. The as-grown needle-shaped single crystals were characterized by resistivity measurements, scanning electron microscopy, electron backscatter diffraction, and low temperature photoluminescence spectroscopy. Y1 - 2011 UR - http://scitation.aip.org/content/avs/journal/jvsta/29/3/10.1116/1.3553461 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1116/1.3553461 VL - 29 SP - 03A107 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tschulik, Kristina A1 - Hoffmann, Stefan A1 - Fokwa, Boniface P. T. A1 - Gilleßen, Michael A1 - Schmidt, Peer T1 - Studies regarding the homogeneity range of the zirconium phosphide telluride Zr2+xPTe2 T2 - Solid State Sciences N2 - The phosphide tellurides Zr2+δPTe2 (0 ≤ δ ≤ 1) can be synthesized from the elements in a solid state reaction or by thermal decomposition of Z. Zr2PTe2 decomposes under release of Te2(g) + P4(g) forming the homogeneity range Zr2+δPTe2. The growth of single crystals of Zr2+δPTe2 succeeded by chemical vapour transport using iodine as transport agent from 830 °C in direction of higher temperatures up to 900 °C. Zr2+δPTe2 crystallizes in the rhombohedral space group R-3m (no. 166) with lattice parameters a = 383(1)…386(1) pm and c = 2935(4)…2970(4) pm for δ = 0…1, respectively. Single crystal data have been determined for Zr2.40(2)PTe2 with lattice parameters a = 385.24(4) pm and c = 2967.8(4) pm. The electronic structure and chemical bonding in Zr2+δPTe2 was investigated by the linear muffin–tin orbital (LMTO) method. Both Zr2PTe2 and Zr3PTe2 show non-vanishing DOS values at the Fermi level (EF) indicating metallic character. According to COHP bonding analyses, mainly the heteroatomic Zr–P and Zr–Te bonds are responsible for the structural stability of Zr3PTe2. The new Zr2–Te bond, which is not present in Zr2PTe2, is stronger than Zr1–Te and is thought to be responsible for the stability of phases having Zr in excess. KW - Zirconium phosphide telluride KW - Homogeneity range KW - Thermal decomposition KW - Crystal structure KW - Chemical bonding Y1 - 2010 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1293255810003614 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2010.08.022 SN - 1293-2558 VL - 12 IS - 12 SP - 2030 EP - 2035 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schöneich, Michael A1 - Schmidt, Marcus P. A1 - Schmidt, Peer T1 - Chemical Vapour Transport of Bismuth and Antimony Chalcogenides M2Q3 (M = Sb, Bi, Q = Se, Te) T2 - Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie N2 - Thermodynamic modelling of the ternary systems M/Q/I (M = Sb, Bi, Q = Se, Te) indicated solid-gas equilibria suitable for chemical vapour transport of bismuth and antimony chalcogenides. The predictions of the modelling were confirmed by transport experiments on a transport balance. The optimum transport conditions using iodine as transport agent were determined for all systems to: ϑsource = 500 °C and ϑsink = 450 °C. For ΔT > 50 K the sequential transport of chalcogenide iodides MQI followed by M2Q3 occurs. Thermodynamic standard data of the gas species SbI(g) were concluded from equilibrium calculations: ΔH0f,298(SbI(g)) = 106 ± 3 kJ·mol–1; S0298(SbI(g)) = 255 ± 3 J·mol–1·K–1; Cp(SbI(g)) = 37 ± 1 J·mol–1·K–1 KW - Antimony KW - Bismuth KW - Selenium KW - Tellurium KW - Chemical vapor transport KW - Thermodynamic modelling Y1 - 2010 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/zaac.201000149/full U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.201000149 SN - 1521-3749 VL - 636 IS - 9-10 SP - 1810 EP - 1816 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jahn, Stephan F. A1 - Blaudeck, Thomas A1 - Baumann, Reinhard R. A1 - Jakob, Alexander A1 - Ecorchard, Petra A1 - Rüffer, Tobias A1 - Lang, Heinrich A1 - Schmidt, Peer T1 - Inkjet Printing of Conductive Silver Patterns by Using the First Aqueous Particle-Free MOD Ink without Additional Stabilizing Ligands T2 - Chemistry of Materials N2 - The chemical and physical properties of [AgO2C(CH2OCH2)3H] (3) and its use as an aqueous, ligand-free MOD ink (MOD = metal−organic decomposition) for piezo inkjet printing is discussed. The printed, thermal, or photochemical sintered silver features are electrically conductive on glass (2.7 × 107 S m−1) and PET (PET = polyethylene terephthalate) substrates (1.1 × 107 S m−1) corresponding to 43% and 18% of the bulk silver conductivity. Conducted tape tests show the suitability of the ink for particularly polymer substrates. TG-MS studies demonstrate a two-step decomposition for the conversion of 3 to elemental silver. The structure of 3 in the solid state was determined by single X-ray structure determination. Y1 - 2010 UR - http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/cm9036428 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/cm9036428 SN - 1520-5002 VL - 22 IS - 10 SP - 3067 EP - 3071 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, Carola J. A1 - Schwarz, Ulrich A1 - Schmidt, Peer A1 - Schnelle, Walter A1 - Doert, Thomas T1 - High-Pressure Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Properties of GdS2 with Thermodynamic Investigations in the Phase Diagram Gd-S, T2 - Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie N2 - Gadolinium disulfide was prepared by high-pressure synthesis at 8 GPa and 1173 K. It crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P121/a1 (No. 14) with lattice parameters a = 7.879(1) Å; b = 3.936(1) Å, c = 7.926(1) Å and β = 90.08(1)°. The crystal structure is a twofold superstructure of the aristotype ZrSSi and consists of puckered cationic [GdS]+ double slabs that are sandwiched by planar sulfur sheets containing S22– dumbbells. The thermal decomposition of GdS2 proceeds via the sulfur-deficient polysulfides GdS1.9, GdS1.85 and GdS1.77 and eventually results in the sesquisulfide Gd2S3. GdS2 is a paramagnetic semiconductor which orders antiferromagnetically at TN = 7.7(1) K. A metamagnetic transition is observed in the magnetically ordered state. KW - Polysulfides KW - Gadolinium KW - High-pressure synthesis KW - X-ray diffraction KW - Phase diagrams Y1 - 2010 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/zaac.201000015/full U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.201000015 SN - 1521-3749 VL - 636 IS - 6 SP - 947 EP - 953 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jahn, Stephan F. A1 - Jakob, Alexander A1 - Blaudeck, Thomas A1 - Schmidt, Peer A1 - Lang, Heinrich A1 - Baumann, Reinhard R. T1 - Inkjet printing of conductive patterns with an aqueous solution of [AgO2C(CH2OCH2)3H] without any additional stabilizing ligands T2 - Thin Solid Films N2 - The use of silver(I)-2-[2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy]acetate, [AgO2C(CH2OCH2)3H], and its application as an aqueous metal-organic decomposition (MOD) inkjet ink is reported. The chemical and physical properties of the silver carboxylate and the ink formulated thereof are discussed. The ink meets all requirements of piezo driven inkjet printing. The printed features were converted into electrically conducting silver patterns by thermal or photo-thermal treatment. The conversion of [AgO2C(CH2OCH2)3H] to elemental silver follows a two-step decomposition as demonstrated by thermogravimetry–mass spectrometry (TG–MS) measurements. The measured conductivities of the printed features on glass and polyethylene-terephthalate (PET) are 2.7 × 107 S m−1 and 1.1 × 107 S m−1, respectively, which correspond to 43% (glass) and 18% (PET) of the bulk silver conductivity. KW - Inkjet printing KW - Silver KW - Carboxylate KW - Ethyleneglycol KW - Flexible electronics Y1 - 2010 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040609010000866 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2010.01.030 SN - 0040-6090 VL - 518 IS - 12 SP - 3218 EP - 3222 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stritter, Benjamin A1 - Freiling, Felix A1 - König, Hartmut A1 - Rietz, René A1 - Ullrich, Steffen A1 - Gernler, Alexander von A1 - Erlacher, Felix T1 - Cleaning up Web 2.0's Security Mess - at Least Partly T2 - IEEE Security & Privacy Y1 - 2016 UR - http://online.qmags.com/SNP0316?pg=92&mode=2#pg92&mode2 SN - 1540-7993 VL - 14 IS - 2 SP - 48 EP - 71 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meer, Klaus A1 - Schmitt, Burkhard A1 - Schreiber, Harold T1 - Dimensional Synthesis of Planar Stephenson-Mechanisms for Motion Generation by Circlepoint Search and Homotopy Methods T2 - Mechanism and Machine Theory N2 - The kinematic synthesis of Stephenson mechanisms for motion generation is often based on specifying arbitrary values for certain kinematic dimensions. If no appropriate values are known, an inadequate choice can make it impossible to find a good mechanism. In the present paper a synthesis method is described where kinematic dimensions can be chosen a priori (to meet side conditions, e.g., a limited area for the locations of the fixed pivots), but do not have to be chosen. A circlepoint search in combination with homotopy methods will be applied. Concerning the homotopy methods two approaches – via the Bézout number and the BKK bound – will be compared. Y1 - 2002 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0094114X02000162 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0094-114X(02)00016-2 SN - 0094-114X VL - 37 IS - 7 SP - 717 EP - 737 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meer, Klaus A1 - Weber, Gerhard Wilhelm T1 - Some aspects of studying an optimization or decision problem in different computational models T2 - European Journal of Operational Research N2 - In this paper we want to discuss some of the features coming up when analyzing a problem in different complexity theoretic frameworks. The focus will be on two problems. The first is related to mathematical optimization. We consider the quadratic programming problem of minimizing a quadratic polynomial on a polyhedron. We discuss how the complexity of this problem might change if we consider real data together with an algebraic model of computation (the Blum–Shub–Smale model) instead of rational inputs together with the Turing machine model. The results obtained will lead us to the second problem; it deals with the intrinsic structure of complexity classes in models over real- or algebraically closed fields. A classical theorem by Ladner for the Turing model is examined in these different frameworks. Both examples serve well for working out in how far different approaches to the same problem might shed light upon each other. In some cases this will lead to quite diverse results with respect to the different models. On the other hand, for some problems the more general approach can also give a unifying idea why results hold true in several frameworks. The paper is of tutorial character in that it collects some results into the above direction obtained previously. KW - Complexity theory Saturation KW - Algebraic models of computation KW - Linear and quadratic programming KW - Structure of complexity classes Y1 - 2002 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0377221702002692 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-2217(02)00269-2 SN - 0377-2217 VL - 143 IS - 2 SP - 406 EP - 418 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schäfer, Anna A1 - Wendt, Fabian A1 - Mantl, Siegfried A1 - Hartdegen, Hilde A1 - Mikulics, Martin A1 - Schubert, Jürgen A1 - Luysberg, Martina A1 - Besmehn, Astrid A1 - Niu, Gang A1 - Schroeder, Thomas T1 - Hexagonal LaLuO3 as high-k dielectric T2 - Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology : B Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1116/1.4904401 VL - 33 SP - 01A104 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Di Gaspare, L. A1 - Sabbagh, D. A1 - De Seta, Monica A1 - Sodo, A. A1 - Wirths, S. A1 - Buca, Dan A1 - Zaumseil, Peter A1 - Schroeder, Thomas A1 - Capellini, Giovanni T1 - A very low temperature epi-cleaning process for Ge / GeSn heterostructures T2 - Journal of Applied Physics Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4906616 SN - 1089-7550 VL - 117 SP - 045306 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Taoka, Noriyuki A1 - Asano, Takanori A1 - Yamaha, Takashi A1 - Terashima, Tatsuya A1 - Nakatsuka, Osamu A1 - Costina, Ioan A1 - Zaumseil, Peter A1 - Capellini, Giovanni A1 - Zaima, Shigeaki A1 - Schroeder, Thomas T1 - Non-uniform depth distributions of Sn concentration induced by Sn migration and desorption during GeSnSi layer formation T2 - Applied Physics Letters Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4908121 SN - 1077-3118 VL - 106 SP - 061107-1 EP - 061107-5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Becker, Carlo W. A1 - Flamm, Lena T1 - Zukunftsaufgaben für die Innenstädte T2 - Garten + Landschaft KW - Freiraumplanung Y1 - 2015 SN - 0016-4720 IS - 1 SP - 8 EP - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meer, Klaus A1 - Naif, Ameen T1 - Generalized finite automata over real and complex numbers T2 - Theoretical Computer Science N2 - In a recent work, Gandhi, Khoussainov, and Liu [7] introduced and studied a generalized model of finite automata able to work over arbitrary structures. As one relevant area of research for this model the authors identify studying such automata over particular structures such as real and algebraically closed fields. In this paper we start investigations into this direction. We prove several structural results about sets accepted by such automata, and analyze decidability as well as complexity of several classical questions about automata in the new framework. Our results show quite a diverse picture when compared to the well known results for finite automata over finite alphabets. KW - Generalized finite automata KW - Real and complex number computations KW - Decision problems for automata over uncountable structures Y1 - 2015 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304397515003928 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcs.2015.05.001 SN - 0304-3975 VL - Vol. 591 SP - 85 EP - 98 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meer, Klaus A1 - Baartse, Martijn T1 - The PCP theorem for NP over the reals T2 - Foundations of Computational Mathematics KW - Probabilistically checkable proofs Real and complex number computations PCP theorem Hilbert Nullstellensatz decision problem Y1 - 2015 UR - http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10208-014-9188-x?sa_campaign=email/event/articleAuthor/onlineFirst U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10208-014-9188-x SN - 1615-3375 VL - 15 IS - 3 SP - 651 EP - 680 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Benndorf, Christopher A1 - Hohmann, Andrea A1 - Schmidt, Peer A1 - Eckert, Hellmut A1 - Johrendt, Dirk A1 - Schäfer, Konrad A1 - Pöttgen, Rainer T1 - 2D 31P Solid state NMR spectroscopy, electronic structure and thermochemistry of PbP7 T2 - Journal of Solid State Chemistry N2 - Phase pure polycrystalline PbP7 was prepared from the elements via a lead flux. Crystalline pieces with edge-lengths up to 1 mm were obtained. The assignment of the previously published 31P solid state NMR spectrum to the seven distinct crystallographic sites was accomplished by radio-frequency driven dipolar recoupling (RFDR) experiments. As commonly found in other solid polyphosphides there is no obvious correlation between the 31P chemical shift and structural parameters. PbP7 decomposes incongruently under release of phosphorus forming liquid lead as remainder. The thermal decomposition starts at T>550 K with a vapor pressure almost similar to that of red phosphorus. Electronic structure calculations reveal PbP7 as a semiconductor according to the Zintl description and clearly shows the stereo-active Pb-6s2 lone pairs in the electron localization function ELF. KW - Polyphosphide KW - Solid state NMR spectroscopy KW - Thermochemistry Y1 - 2016 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022459615302942 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssc.2015.12.028 VL - 235 SP - 139 EP - 144 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Chahine, Gilbert A. A1 - Zöllner, Marvin Hartwig A1 - Richard, Marie-Ingrid A1 - Subhajit, G. A1 - Zaumseil, Peter A1 - Capellini, Giovanni A1 - Schroeder, Thomas A1 - Schülli, Tobias U. T1 - Strain and Lattice Orientation Distribution in SiN/Ge CMOS Compatible Light Emitters Microstructures by Quick X-ray Nano-diffraction Microscopy T2 - Applied Physics Letters Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4909529 SN - 1077-3118 VL - 106 SP - 071902-1 EP - 071902-4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Virgilio, Michele A1 - Witzigmann, Bernd A1 - Bolognini, Gabriele A1 - Guha, Subhajit A1 - Schröder, Thomas A1 - Capellini, Giovanni T1 - CMOS-compatible, modulator concept based on strain-induced refractive-index modulation T2 - Optics Express Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.23.005930 SN - 1094-4087 VL - 23 IS - 5 SP - 5930 EP - 5940 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wirths, S. A1 - Troitsch, R. A1 - Mussler, G. A1 - Stoica, T. A1 - Hartmann, J.-M. A1 - Zaumseil, Peter A1 - Schroeder, Thomas A1 - Mantl, Siegfried A1 - Buca, Dan T1 - Ternary and Quaternary Ni(Si)GeSn Contact Formation for highly strained Ge p- and n-MOSFETs T2 - Semiconductor Science and Technology Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/0268-1242/30/5/055003 SN - 0268-1242 VL - 30 IS - 5 SP - 055003 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kaletta, Udo Christian A1 - Wipf, Christian A1 - Fraschke, Mirko A1 - Wolansky, Dirk A1 - Schubert, Markus Andreas A1 - Schroeder, Thomas A1 - Wenger, Christian T1 - AlN/SiO2/Si3N4/Si(100) based CMOS compatible surface acoustic wave filter with -12.8 dB minimum insertion loss T2 - IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TED.2015.2395443 SN - 0018-9383 VL - 62 IS - 3 SP - 764 EP - 768 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yu, Xuegong A1 - Arguirov, Tzanimir V. A1 - Kittler, Martin A1 - Seifert, Winfried A1 - Ratzke, Markus A1 - Reiche, Manfred T1 - Properties of dislocation networks formed by Si wafer direct bonding T2 - Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mssp.2006.01.070 VL - 9 IS - 1-3 SP - 96 EP - 101 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lippert, Gunther A1 - Dabrowski, Jarek Marek A1 - Oberbeck, Lars A1 - Schroeder, Uwe A1 - Costina, Ioan A1 - Lupina, Grzegorz A1 - Ratzke, Markus A1 - Zaumseil, Peter A1 - Müssig, Hans-Joachim T1 - Morphology and composition of selected high-k materials and their relevance to dielectric properties of thin films T2 - Journal of the electrochemical society Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1149/1.2875741 SN - 1945-7111 VL - 155 IS - 5 SP - G97 EP - G114 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klossek, Andre A1 - Mankovics, Daniel A1 - Arguirov, Tzanimir V. A1 - Ratzke, Markus A1 - Kirner, Simon A1 - Friedrich, Felice A1 - Gabriel, Onno A1 - Stannowski, Bernd A1 - Schlatmann, Rutger A1 - Kittler, Martin T1 - Growth process of microcrystalline silicon studied by combined photoluminsescence and Raman investigations T2 - Journal of applied physics Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4838058 SN - 1520-8850 VL - 114 SP - 223511 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Koczorowski, Wojciech A1 - Grzela, Tomasz A1 - Radny, M. W. A1 - Schofield, S. R. A1 - Capellini, Giovanni A1 - Czajka, Ryszard A1 - Schröder, Thomas A1 - Curson, Neil J. T1 - Ba termination of Ge(001) studied with STM T2 - Nanotechnology Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/26/15/155701 SN - 1361-6528 SN - 0957-4484 VL - 26 IS - 15 SP - 155701 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wilkens, Henrik A1 - Spieß, Wanja A1 - Zöllner, Marvin Hartwig A1 - Niu, Gang A1 - Schroeder, Thomas A1 - Wollschläger, Joachim T1 - Post deposition annealing of epitaxial Ce1−xPrxO2−δ films grown on Si(111) T2 - Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/C6CP01553K SN - 1463-9084 SN - 1463-9076 VL - 17 SP - 9991 EP - 9996 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Peschka, Dirk A1 - Thomas, Marc A1 - Glitzky, Annegret A1 - Nürnberg, Reiner A1 - Gärtner, Klaus A1 - Virgilio, Michele A1 - Guha, Shekhar A1 - Schröder, Thomas A1 - Capellini, Giovanni A1 - Koprucki, Thomas T1 - Modeling of edge-emitting lasers based on tensile strained Germanium microstripes T2 - IEEE Photonics Journal Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOT.2015.2427093 SN - 1943-0655 N1 - Article 1502115 VL - 7 IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Becker, Carlo W. T1 - Die grüne Infrastruktur der Stadt - Alter Wein in neuen Schläuchen? T2 - Garten + Landschaft KW - Grüne Infrastruktur Y1 - 2015 IS - 6 SP - 4 EP - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schnellenbach, Jan T1 - Model Uncertainty and the Rationality of Economic Policy T2 - Journal of Evolutionary Economics N2 - This paper examines the process of economic policy-making under conditions of model uncertainty. A median voter model is introduced in which the electorate is uncertain of the policy measures available as well as their respective outcomes and opinion formation is a social process of communication and contagion. Learning from experience is also considered. It is shown that economic policy-making under uncertainty produces novel policy routines, but that a mechanism of efficiently utilising the generated knowledge is missing. KW - Economic policy KW - Model uncertainty KW - Collective beliefs KW - Collective learning Y1 - 2005 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00191-004-0231-y SN - 0936-9937 VL - 15 IS - 1 SP - 101 EP - 116 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Döring, Thomas A1 - Schnellenbach, Jan T1 - What do we know about geographical knowledge spillovers and regional growth?: A survey of the literature T2 - Regional Studies N2 - Döring T. and Schnellenbach J. (2006) What do we know about geographical knowledge spillovers and regional growth?: a survey of the literature, Regional Studies 40, 375–395. Modern (endogenous) growth theory tells us that knowledge is crucial for the sustained growth of high-income economies. Against this background, the paper provides a survey of theoretical and empirical findings highlighting the question of how geographically limited knowledge diffusion can help to explain clusters of regions with persistently different levels of growth. It discusses this topic in two steps. First, the theoretical concept of knowledge spillovers is outlined by discussing the different types of knowledge, the spatial dimension of knowledge spillovers, and the geographical mechanisms and structural conditions of knowledge diffusion. Second, it analyses the empirical evidence concerning the theoretical propositions. KW - Knowledge spillovers KW - Regional growth KW - Research and development KW - Innovation KW - Diffusion of innovations Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/00343400600632739 SN - 0034-3404 VL - 40 IS - 3 SP - 375 EP - 395 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schnellenbach, Jan T1 - Tax Morale and the Taming of Leviathan T2 - Constitutional Political Economy N2 - An explanation for tax morale based upon a simple model of psychological costs that depend on the perceived legitimacy of public policies is introduced. It is shown that empirically observed low levels of tax evasion can be explained even for a risk-neutral taxpayer with such a model. In a discussion of aggregate tax revenue, it is argued that tax revenue as a function of tax rates may differ fundamentally from the notorious Laffer curve. It is then necessary to look at the interaction of formal and informal institutions to predict the nominal tax rates chosen by a revenue maximizer. KW - Tax evasion KW - Tax morale KW - Cognitive dissonance KW - Informal institutions KW - H26 KW - Z13 Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10602-006-0001-y SN - 1043-4062 VL - 17 IS - 2 SP - 117 EP - 132 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schnellenbach, Jan T1 - Appeasing Nihilists? Some Economic Thoughts on Reducing Terrorist Activity T2 - Public Choice N2 - Recent contributions to the economics of terrorism have given contradicting recommendations for campaigning against terrorism, from the proposal to deprive terrorists of their resources to the proposal of raising the opportunity costs of terrorism by increasing the wealth of the affected regions. Within a simple framework which differentiates between the decision to become an active terrorist and the decision to support terrorists and which allows for reciprocal reactions to anti-terrorism policies, it is argued here that undifferentiated deterrence may indeed backfire, but so may an increase of the opportunity costs of terrorism. A very targeted anti-terrorism policy aimed only at active terrorists would then be the most reasonable remaining approach. KW - Terrorism KW - Deterrence KW - Reciprocity KW - Anti-terrorism policies Y1 - 2006 UR - http://www.jstor.org/stable/25487598 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11127-006-9029-9 SN - 0048-5829 VL - 129 IS - 3/4 SP - 301 EP - 313 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Petzoldt, Steffen A1 - Reif, Jürgen A1 - Matthias, E. T1 - Laser plasma threshold of metals T2 - Applied Surface Science Y1 - 1996 SN - 0169-4332 VL - 96/98 SP - 199 EP - 204 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schnellenbach, Jan T1 - New Political Economy, Scientism and Knowledge: A Critique from a Hayekian Perspective, and a Proposal for an Extension of the Research Agenda T2 - The American Journal of Economics and Sociology N2 - New Political Economy has something very important in common with welfare economics: its focus on static, technical efficiency criteria to judge the rationality of a social, political or economic order. This often leads theorists to perceive their objects of research as well-defined problems to which clear-cut solutions can be found and prescribed as policy proposals, addressed at the policymaker or the democratic sovereign. This perspective frequently excludes important empirical phenomena from the research agenda. Although, for example, certain well-defined informational asymmetries are frequently modeled, fundamental knowledge problems such as ignorance of the true model of the economy are usually ignored. In the present paper, this approach is criticized from a Hayekian point of view, with an emphasis on the problems of "scientism" (i.e., the inappropriate transfer of methods from the natural to the social sciences) and irremediably imperfect knowledge, troubling both the agents in the theoretical model and the theorist. Furthermore, it is argued and illustrated with two examples that an extension of Public Choice's research agenda along Hayekian lines may be fruitful, because it leads to a fresh perception even of such problems that already have been extensively researched within the traditional framework. Y1 - 2002 UR - http://www.jstor.org/stable/3487744 SN - 0002-9246 SN - 1536-7150 VL - 61 IS - 1 SP - 193 EP - 214 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schnellenbach, Jan T1 - The Evolution of a Fiscal Constitution When Individuals are Theoretically Uncertain T2 - European Journal of Law and Economics N2 - In contrast to the contractarian approach to constitutional economics, we follow Voigt (1999) in assuming that constitutional rules are closely connected to informal institutions and that their evolution is a matter of interest group activity and implicit re-interpretation. We add to this the assumption of theoretical uncertainty of individuals regarding the working properties of constitutional rules. Collective learning processes are considered as the third driving force of constitutional evolution, and at the same time as the source of path-dependencies which allow suboptimal constitutions to persist. Finally, it is argued that direct legislation offers more protection than a written fiscal constitution. KW - positive constitutional economics KW - collective learning KW - path-dependent rule-evolution Y1 - 2004 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026389926709 SN - 0929-1261 VL - 17 IS - 1 SP - 97 EP - 115 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schnellenbach, Jan T1 - The Dahrendorf hypothesis and its implications for (the theory of) economic policy-making T2 - Cambridge Journal of Economics N2 - The sociologist R. Dahrendorf has recently suggested that there is no and there ought to be no convergence of economic policies towards some common ideal model. On the contrary, he states that ‘diversity is […] at the very heart of a world that has abandoned the need for closed, encompassing systems’. It is shown in this paper that the Dahrendorf hypothesis is difficult to reconcile with orthodox economic approaches to economic policy-making. A perspective on policy-making that introduces either fundamental uncertainty or endogenous policy preferences or both is, however, shown to be consistent with the Dahrendorf hypothesis. Y1 - 2005 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/cje/bei086 SN - 1464-3545 VL - 29 IS - 6 SP - 997 EP - 1009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grossi, Alessandro A1 - Walczyk, Damian A1 - Zambelli, Cristian A1 - Miranda, Enrique A1 - Olivo, Piero A1 - Stikanov, V. A1 - Feriani, A. A1 - Sune, J. A1 - Schoof, Gunther A1 - Kraemer, Rolf A1 - Tillack, Bernd A1 - Fox, A. A1 - Schroeder, Thomas A1 - Walczyk, Christian T1 - Impact of Intercell and Intracell Variability on Forming and Switching Parameters in RRAM Arrays T2 - IEEE Transaction on Electronic Devices Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TED.2015.2442412 SN - 0018-9383 VL - 62 IS - 8 SP - 2502 EP - 2509 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zöllner, Marvin Hartwig A1 - Richard, Marie-Ingrid A1 - Chahine, Gilbert A. A1 - Zaumseil, Peter A1 - Reich, Christian A1 - Capellini, Giovanni A1 - Montalenti, Francesco A1 - Marzegalli, Anna A1 - Xie, Ya-Hong A1 - Schülli, Tobias U. A1 - Häberlen, Maik A1 - Storck, Peter A1 - Schroeder, Thomas T1 - Imaging structure and composition homogeneity of 300 mm SiGe virtual substrates for advanced CMOS applications by scanning X-ray diffraction microscopy T2 - ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/am508968b SN - 1944-8252 VL - 7 IS - 17 SP - 9031 EP - 9037 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zaumseil, Peter A1 - Yamamoto, Yuji A1 - Schubert, M. A1 - Capellini, Giovanni A1 - Skibitzki, Oliver A1 - Zöllner, Marvin Hartwig A1 - Schroeder, Thomas T1 - Tailoring the strain in Si nano-structures for defect-free epitaxial Ge overgrowth T2 - Nanotechnology Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/26/35/355707 SN - 1361-6528 VL - 26 IS - 35 SP - 355707 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schäfer, Anna A1 - Rahmanizadeh, K. A1 - Bihlmayer, G. A1 - Luysberg, Martina A1 - Wendt, Fabian A1 - Besmehn, Astrid A1 - Fox, A. A1 - Schnee, M. A1 - Niu, Gang A1 - Schroeder, Thomas A1 - Mantl, Siegfried A1 - Hartdegen, Hilde A1 - Mikulics, Martin A1 - Schubert, Jürgen T1 - Polymorphous GdScO3 as high permittivity dielectric T2 - Journal of Alloy and Compunds Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2015.08.135 SN - 0925-8388 VL - 651 SP - 514 EP - 520 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reif, Jürgen A1 - Varlamova, Olga A1 - Ratzke, Markus A1 - Uhlig, Sebastian T1 - Laser-Induced Periodic Surface Structures of Thin Complex Multi-Component Films T2 - Applied Physics / A Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-016-9936-7 SN - 1432-0630 N1 - Art. 338 VL - 122 IS - 4 SP - 1 EP - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Muth, Marco A1 - Schmid, Reiner P. A1 - Schnitzlein, Klaus T1 - Ellipsometric study of molecular orientations of Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase at the air-water interface by simultaneous determination of refractive index and thickness T2 - Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces Y1 - 2016 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0927776515303714 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.12.024 SN - 1873-4367 SN - 0927-7765 VL - 140 SP - 60 EP - 66 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Varlamova, Olga A1 - Martens, Christian A1 - Ratzke, Markus A1 - Reif, Jürgen T1 - Genesis of femtosecond-induced nanostructures on solid surfaces T2 - Applied Optics Y1 - 2014 SN - 1539-4522 SN - 0003-6935 VL - 53 IS - 31 SP - I10 EP - I15 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Varlamova, Olga A1 - Reif, Jürgen T1 - Evolution of Femtosecond Laser Induced Surface Structures at Low Number of Pulses near the Ablation Threshold T2 - Journal of Laser Micro/Nanoengineering Y1 - 2013 SN - 1880-0688 VL - 8 IS - 3 SP - S. 300 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Varlamova, Olga A1 - Bounhalli, Mourad A1 - Reif, Jürgen T1 - Influence of irradiation dose on laser-induced surface nanostructures on silicon T2 - Applied Surface Science Y1 - 2012 SN - 0169-4332 VL - 278 SP - 62 EP - 66 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reif, Jürgen A1 - Varlamova, Olga A1 - Bounhalli, Mourad A1 - Muth, Marco A1 - Arguirov, Tzanimir V. T1 - Nanostructure formation upon femtosecond ablation from silicon: Effect of double pulses T2 - Applied Surface Science Y1 - 2012 SN - 0169-4332 VL - 258 IS - 23 SP - 9491 EP - 9495 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Varlamova, Olga A1 - Reif, Jürgen A1 - Varlamov, Sergej A1 - Bestehorn, Michael T1 - Modeling of the Laser Polarization as Control Parameter in Self-Organized Surface Pattern T2 - Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Y1 - 2011 SN - 1533-4880 VL - 11 IS - 10 SP - 9274 EP - 9281 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ratzke, Markus A1 - Mchedlidze, Teimuraz A1 - Arguirov, Tzanimir V. A1 - Acharya, N. A1 - Kittler, Martin A1 - Reif, Jürgen T1 - Scanning probe studies of amorphous silicon subjected to laser annealing T2 - Physica status solidi (C) Y1 - 2011 SN - 1610-1642 VL - 8 IS - 4 SP - 1351 EP - 1355 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Costache, Florenta Adriana A1 - Eckert, Sebastian A1 - Reif, Jürgen T1 - Dynamics of laser induced desorption from dielectric surfaces on a sub-picosecond timescale T2 - Applied Surface Science Y1 - 2006 SN - 0169-4332 VL - 252 IS - 13 SP - 4416 EP - 4419 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Varlamova, Olga A1 - Costache, Florenta Adriana A1 - Reif, Jürgen A1 - Bestehorn, Michael T1 - Self-organized pattern formation upon femtosecond laser ablation by circular polarized light T2 - Applied Surface Science Y1 - 2006 SN - 0169-4332 VL - 252 IS - 13 SP - 4702 EP - 4706 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Costache, Florenta Adriana A1 - Ratzke, Markus A1 - Wolfframm, Dirk A1 - Reif, Jürgen T1 - Femtosecond laser ionization mass spectrometric analysis of layers grown by pulsed laser deposition T2 - Applied Surface Science Y1 - 2005 SN - 0169-4332 VL - 247 IS - 1-4 SP - 249 EP - 255 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kouteva-Arguirova, Simona A1 - Orlov, Valeri A1 - Seifert, Winfried A1 - Richter, Hans A1 - Reif, Jürgen T1 - Residual stress distribution and silicon phase transformation induced by Rockwell indentation at different temperatures, studied by means of micro-Raman spectroscopy T2 - Solid State Phenomena Y1 - 2004 SN - 1662-9779 SN - 0377-6883 VL - 95-96 SP - 513 EP - 518 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, K. A1 - Goryachko, Andriy A1 - Burkov, Yevgen A1 - Schwiertz, Carola A1 - Ratzke, Markus A1 - Köble, J. A1 - Reif, Jürgen A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Scanning Kelvin probe and photoemission electron microscopy of organic source-drain structures T2 - Synthetic Metals Y1 - 2004 VL - 146 IS - 3 SP - 377 EP - 382 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wolfframm, Dirk A1 - Kouteva-Arguirova, Simona A1 - Arguirov, Tzanimir V. A1 - Schmid, Reiner P. A1 - Dittmar, K. A1 - Zienert, I. A1 - Reif, Jürgen T1 - Hafnium oxide on silicon: A non-destructive characterization of the interfacial layer T2 - Solid State Phenomena Y1 - 2004 UR - http://www.scientific.net/SSP.95-96.653.pdf SN - 1662-9779 SN - 0377-6883 VL - 95-96 SP - 653 EP - 658 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Costache, Florenta Adriana A1 - Henyk, Matthias A1 - Reif, Jürgen T1 - Surface patterning on insulators upon femtosecond laser ablation T2 - Applied Surface Science Y1 - 2003 SN - 0169-4332 VL - 208/209 SP - 486 EP - 491 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Henyk, Matthias A1 - Reif, Jürgen T1 - Negative ion emission from ionic crystals upon ultra short laser pulse irradiation T2 - Applied Surface Science Y1 - 2003 SN - 0169-4332 VL - 208/209 SP - 71 EP - 76 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reif, Jürgen A1 - Martens, Christian A1 - Uhlig, Sebastian A1 - Ratzke, Markus A1 - Varlamova, Olga A1 - Valette, Stephane A1 - Benayoun, Stephane T1 - On large area LIPSS coverage by multiple pulses T2 - Applied Surface Science Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2014.11.153 SN - 0169-4332 VL - 336 SP - 249 EP - 254 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Henyk, Matthias A1 - Costache, Florenta Adriana A1 - Reif, Jürgen T1 - Ultra short laser pulse ablation from sodium chloride - the role of laser induced color centers T2 - Applied Surface Science Y1 - 2002 SN - 0169-4332 VL - 197-198 SP - 90 EP - 95 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reif, Jürgen A1 - Costache, Florenta Adriana A1 - Henyk, Matthias A1 - Pandelov, Stanislaw T1 - Ripples Revisited: Non-Classical Morphology at the Bottom of Femtosecond Laser Ablation Craters in Transparent Dielectrics T2 - Applied surface science Y1 - 2002 SN - 0169-4332 VL - Vol. 197–198 SP - 891 EP - 895 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Arguirov, Tzanimir V. A1 - Seifert, Winfried A1 - Kittler, Martin A1 - Reif, Jürgen T1 - Temperature behaviour of photoluminescence and electron-beam-induced current recombination behaviour of extended defects in solar grade silicon T2 - Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter Y1 - 2002 SN - 1361-648X SN - 0953-8984 VL - 14 IS - 48 SP - 13169 EP - 13177 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pandelov, Stanislaw A1 - Seifert, Winfried A1 - Kittler, Martin A1 - Reif, Jürgen T1 - Analysis of local electric properties of grain boundaries in Si by electron-beam-induced-current techniques T2 - Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter Y1 - 2002 SN - 0953-8984 VL - 14 IS - 48 SP - 13161 EP - 13168 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wolfframm, Dirk A1 - Ratzke, Markus A1 - Kouteva-Arguirova, Simona A1 - Reif, Jürgen T1 - Praseodymium Oxide growth on Si(100) by pulsed laser deposition T2 - Materials Science and Semiconductor Processing Y1 - 2002 SN - 1369-8001 VL - 5 IS - 4-5 SP - 429 EP - 434 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Orlov, Valeri A1 - Richter, Hans A1 - Fischer, Annette A1 - Reif, Jürgen A1 - Müller, T. A1 - Wahlich, R. T1 - Mechanical Properties of nitrogen-doped CZ silicon crystals T2 - Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing 5 Y1 - 2002 SN - 1369-8001 VL - 5 IS - 4-5 SP - 403 EP - 407 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Costache, Florenta Adriana A1 - Henyk, Matthias A1 - Reif, Jürgen T1 - Modification of Dielectric Surfaces with Ultra-Short Laser Pulses T2 - Applied Surface Science Y1 - 2002 SN - 0169-4332 VL - 186 IS - 1-4 SP - 352 EP - 357 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kouteva-Arguirova, Simona A1 - Seifert, Winfried A1 - Kittler, Martin A1 - Reif, Jürgen T1 - Raman Measurement of Stress Distribution in Multicrystalline Silicon Materials T2 - Materials Science and Engineering B Y1 - 2003 SN - 0921-5107 VL - 102 IS - 1/3 SP - 37 EP - 42 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reif, Jürgen A1 - Schmid, Reiner P. A1 - Schneider, Thomas T1 - Femtosecond Third Harmonic Generation: Self Phase Matching through a Transient Kerr Grating and the Way to Ultrafast Computing T2 - Applied Physics B Y1 - 2002 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s003400200847 SN - 0946-2171 SN - 1432-0649 VL - 74 IS - 7 SP - 745 EP - 748 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Henyk, Matthias A1 - Wolfframm, Dirk A1 - Reif, Jürgen T1 - Ultrafast laser desorption from transparent insulators T2 - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physic Research B Y1 - 2000 SN - 0168-583x VL - 166/167 SP - 716 EP - 721 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Henyk, Matthias A1 - Wolfframm, Dirk A1 - Reif, Jürgen T1 - Ultra short laser pulse induced charged particle emission from wide bandgap crystals T2 - Applied Surface Science Y1 - 2000 SN - 0169-4332 VL - 168 IS - 1/4 SP - 263 EP - 266 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schneider, Thomas A1 - Wolfframm, Dirk A1 - Mitzner, Rolf A1 - Reif, Jürgen T1 - Ultrafast optical switching by instantaneous laser-induced grating formation and self-diffraction in barium flouride T2 - Applied Physics B Y1 - 1999 SN - 0946-2171 VL - 68 IS - 4 SP - 749 EP - 751 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schneider, Thomas A1 - Wolfframm, Dirk A1 - Reif, Jürgen T1 - Ultrafast optical switching by instantaneous laser-induced grating formation and self-diffraction in barium flouride T2 - Physica status solidi (a) Y1 - 1999 SN - 0031-8965 SN - 1862-6300 VL - 175 IS - 1 SP - 177 EP - 182 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Henyk, Matthias A1 - Vogel, N. A1 - Wolfframm, Dirk A1 - Tempel, A. A1 - Reif, Jürgen T1 - Femtosecond Laser Ablation from Dielectric Materials: Comparison to Arc Discharge Erosion T2 - Applied Physics A Y1 - 1999 SN - 0947-8396 VL - 69 IS - Suppl. 1 SP - 355 EP - 358 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Henyk, Matthias A1 - Costache, Florenta Adriana A1 - Reif, Jürgen T1 - Femtosecond Laser Ablation from Sodium Chloride and Barium Fluoride T2 - Applied Surface Science Y1 - 2002 SN - 0169-4332 VL - 186 IS - 1-4 SP - 381 EP - 384 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmid, Reiner P. A1 - Schneider, Thomas A1 - Reif, Jürgen T1 - Femtosecond All-optical Wavelength and Time Demultiplexer for OTDM/WDM Systems T2 - Applied Physics B Y1 - 2002 UR - http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00340-002-0876-x U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-002-0876-x SN - 0946-2171 SN - 1432-0649 VL - 74 IS - Suppl. 1 SP - 205 EP - 208 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmid, Reiner P. A1 - Schneider, Thomas A1 - Reif, Jürgen T1 - Optical Processing on a Femtosecond Time Scale T2 - Optics Communication Y1 - 2002 SN - 0030-4018 VL - 207 IS - 1-6 SP - 155 EP - 160 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reif, Jürgen A1 - Schneider, Thomas A1 - Wolfframm, Dirk A1 - Schmid, Reiner P. T1 - Femtosecond nonlinear optical characterization of silicon wafers: the role of symmetry T2 - Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing Y1 - 2001 SN - 1369-8001 VL - 4 IS - 1-3 SP - 241 EP - 243 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reif, Jürgen A1 - Schmid, Reiner P. A1 - Schneider, Thomas A1 - Wolfframm, Dirk T1 - Nonlinear Characterization of the Surface of Silicon Wafers: In-situ Detection of External Stress T2 - Solid State Electronics 44 Y1 - 2000 SN - 0038-1101 VL - 44 IS - 5 SP - 809 EP - 813 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Henyk, Matthias A1 - Mitzner, Rolf A1 - Wolfframm, Dirk A1 - Reif, Jürgen T1 - Laser Induced Ion Emission from Dielectrics T2 - Applied Surface Science Y1 - 2000 SN - 0169-4332 VL - 154-155 SP - 249 EP - 255 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schneider, Thomas A1 - Wolfframm, Dirk A1 - Mitzner, Rolf A1 - Reif, Jürgen T1 - Femtosecond Index Grating in Barium Fluoride: Efficient Self Diffraction and Enhancement of Surface SHG T2 - Applied Surface Science Y1 - 2000 SN - 0169-4332 VL - 154-155 SP - 565 EP - 570 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schneider, Thomas A1 - Wolfframm, Dirk A1 - Reif, Jürgen T1 - Ultrafast laser-induced index grating in transparent insulators T2 - Nuclear Instruments and Methods B Y1 - 2000 SN - 0168-583x VL - 166-167 SP - 809 EP - 814 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sizova, Irina A1 - Sviridov, Alexander A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Avoiding crack nucleation and propagation during upset bulging of tubes T2 - International Journal of Material Forming KW - Tube forming KW - Failure KW - Mechanical Joining KW - Finite Element Simulation Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12289-016-1292-9 SN - 1960-6214 VL - 10 IS - 3 SP - 443 EP - 451 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meer, Klaus A1 - Lickteig, Thomas T1 - Semi-algebraic complexity - Additive complexity of matrix computational tasks T2 - Journal of Complexity N2 - This paper is devoted to the study of lower bounds on the inherent number of additions and subtractions necessary to solve some natural matrix computational tasks such as computing the nullspace, some band transformation, and some triangulation of a givenm×mmatrix. The additive complexities of such tasks are shown to grow asymptotically like that of them×mmatrix multiplication. The paper is a continuation of an earlier paper by the authors, and also of 4where multiplicative complexity has been considered. We also propose a formalization of semialgebraic computational tasks. Y1 - 1997 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0885064X97904301 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1006/jcom.1997.0430 SN - 0885-064X VL - 13 IS - 1 SP - 83 EP - 107 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Matrisciano, Andrea A1 - Pasternak, Michal A1 - Wang, Xiaoxiao A1 - Antoshkiv, Oleksiy A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Berg, Peter T1 - On the Performance of Biodiesel Blends – Experimental Data and Simulations Using a Stochastic Fuel Test Bench T2 - SAE Technical Papers Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4271/2014-01-1115 SN - 0148-7191 SN - 0096-5170 IS - 2014-01-1115 SP - 1 EP - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meer, Klaus A1 - Malajovich, Gregorio T1 - On the structure of NP_C T2 - SIAM Journal on Computing KW - complexity KW - NP-completeness KW - BSS machines over C KW - Hilbert Nullstellensatz Y1 - 1999 UR - http://epubs.siam.org/action/showAbstract?page=27&volume=28&issue=1&journalCode=smjcat& U6 - https://doi.org/10.1137/S0097539795294980 SN - 1095-7111 VL - 28 IS - 1 SP - 27 EP - 35 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Conrad, Holger A1 - Schenk, Harald A1 - Kaiser, Bert A1 - Langa, Sergiu A1 - Gaudet, Matthieu A1 - Schimmanz, Klaus A1 - Stolz, Michael A1 - Lenz, Miriam T1 - A small-gap electrostatic micro-actuator for large deflections T2 - Nature Communications Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms10078 SN - 2041-1723 IS - 6 SP - 10078 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meer, Klaus T1 - Computations over Z and R : a comparison T2 - Journal of Complexity N2 - Regarding real number models of computation may be a helpful way to get deeper insight into the classical theory over Z. Therefore it seems useful to study the complexity of classical problems in the real model. In this connection, the problem of deciding the existence of a nonnegative zero for certain polynomials plays an important part because a lot of NP-problems over Z can be polynomial reduced to it. Y1 - 1990 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0885064X90900226 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/0885-064X(90)90022-6 SN - 0885-064X VL - 6 IS - 3 SP - 256 EP - 263 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meer, Klaus T1 - A note on a $ P \neq NP-$ result in a restricted class of real machines T2 - Journal of Complexity N2 - For a class of real machines using only linear functionals as computations and equality-tests, we show that the classes P and NP differ. Y1 - 1992 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0885064X9290007X U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/0885-064X(92)90007-X SN - 0885-064X VL - 8 IS - 4 SP - 451 EP - 453 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meer, Klaus T1 - Real number models under various sets of operations T2 - Journal of Complexity N2 - The computational model of Blum, Shub, and Smale (1989, Bull. Amer. Math. Soc.21, 1-46) yields a numerous number of different algorithm-classes if the allowed set of instructions is varied. For two such classes we consider the "P = NP?" problem as well as the question of whether the NP- problems are decidable. Y1 - 1993 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0885064X8371023X U6 - https://doi.org/10.1006/jcom.1993.1023 SN - 0885-064X VL - 9 IS - 3 SP - 366 EP - 372 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meer, Klaus T1 - Real number models : on the use of information T2 - Journal of Symbolic Computation N2 - When comparing complexity theory over the ring Z (Turing machine) on one hand and over the ring R (Blum-Shub-Smale machine) on the other hand, it will be important to study how methods and ideas of the first can be transformed to the second one. In this sense the present paper is concerned with the relation between a characterization of the P = NP?-question for the Z-case (given by Krentel) and a special class of quadratic-programming problems which are important in the real model. Y1 - 1994 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0747717184710443 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1006/jsco.1994.1044 SN - 0747-7171 VL - 18 IS - 3 SP - 199 EP - 206 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meer, Klaus T1 - On the complexity of Quadratic Programming in real number models of computation T2 - Theoretical Computer Science N2 - The complexity of linearly constrained (nonconvex) quadratic programming is analyzed within the framework of real number models, namely the one of Blum, Shub, and Smale and its modification recently introduced by Koiran (“weak BSS-model”). In particular we show that this problem is not NP-complete in the Koiran setting. Applications to the (full) BSS-model are discussed. Y1 - 1994 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0304397594000700 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3975(94)00070-0 SN - 0304-3975 VL - 133 IS - 1 SP - 85 EP - 94 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meer, Klaus T1 - On the relations between discrete and continuous complexity theory T2 - Mathematical Logic Quarterly N2 - Relations between discrete and continuous complexity models are considered. The present paper is devoted to combine both models. In particular we analyze the 3-Satisfiability problem. The existence of fast decision procedures for this problem over the reals is examined based on certain conditions on the discrete setting. Moreover we study the behaviour of exponential time computations over the reals depending on the real complexity of 3-Satisfiability. This will be done using tools from complexity theory over the integers. KW - Real model of computation KW - 3-Satisfiability KW - Sparseness KW - Exponential-time computations Y1 - 1995 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/malq.19950410214/abstract U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/malq.19950410214 SN - 0885-064X VL - 41 IS - 2 SP - 281 EP - 286 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meer, Klaus A1 - Lickteig, Thomas T1 - A note on testing the resultant T2 - Journal of Complexity N2 - Shub (in "From Topology to Computation: Proceedings of the Smalefest." (M. Hirsch, J. Marsden, and M. Shub, Eds.), pp. 281-301, Springer-Verlag, New York/Berlin, 1993) proposes to attack the complex PFull-size image (<1 K) versus the NPFull-size image (<1 K) problem by focussing on lower bounds on testing the resultant of quadratic forms for zero. Taking up this question we show in the present paper a lower bound of order n3 for the resultant. Y1 - 1995 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0885064X85710163?np=y U6 - https://doi.org/10.1006/jcom.1995.1016 SN - 0885-064X VL - 11 IS - 3 SP - 344 EP - 351 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meer, Klaus T1 - Counting problems over the reals. T2 - Theoretical Computer Science Y1 - 2000 SN - 0304-397 VL - 242 IS - 1-2 SP - 41 EP - 58 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ben-David, Shai A1 - Meer, Klaus A1 - Michaux, Christian T1 - A note on non-complete problems in NP_R. T2 - Journal of Complexity Y1 - 2000 SN - 0885-064X VL - 16 IS - 1 SP - 324 EP - 332 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seidlitz, Holger A1 - Siegel, Carolin A1 - Hackert, Alexander A1 - Kroll, Lothar A1 - Wagenführ, André T1 - Prozessketten zur Herstellung und Integration von naturfaserverstärkten Hochleistungskunststoffen T2 - Zeitschrift Kunststofftechnik KW - Naturfaser KW - Flachs KW - Biopolymere KW - TAF Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3139/O999.01012015 SN - 1864-2217 VL - 11 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 24 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Osiecki, Tomasz A1 - Gerstenberger, Colin A1 - Seidlitz, Holger A1 - Hackert, Alexander A1 - Kroll, Lothar T1 - Behavior of Cathodic Dip Paint Coated Fiber Reinforced Polymer/Metal Hybrids T2 - International Journal of Engineering Sciences & Research Technology Y1 - 2015 UR - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-175536 SN - 2277-9655 VL - 4 IS - 2 SP - 146 EP - 150 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seidlitz, Holger A1 - Gerstenberger, Colin A1 - Osiecki, Tomasz A1 - Simon, Sylvio A1 - Kroll, Lothar T1 - High-performance lightweight structures with Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastics and Structured Metal Thin Sheets T2 - Journal of Materials Science Research Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5539/jmsr.v4n1p28 SN - 1927-0585 SN - 1927-0593 VL - 4 IS - 1 SP - 28 EP - 35 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gori, Marco A1 - Meer, Klaus T1 - A step towards a complexity theory for analog systems. T2 - Mathematical Logic Quarterly Y1 - 2002 SN - 0942-5616 VL - 48 IS - Suppl. 1 SP - 45 EP - 58 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kaiser, Bert A1 - Grashoff, Thomas A1 - Drabe, Christian A1 - Conrad, Holger A1 - Schenk, Harald T1 - About stress in filled DRIE-trenches T2 - Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering (JMM) Y1 - 2015 UR - http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0960-1317/25/8/085003 SN - 0960-1317 VL - 25 IS - 8 SP - 8085003 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jozefik, Zoltan A1 - Kerstein, Alan R. A1 - Schmidt, Heiko A1 - Lyra, Sgouria A1 - Kolla, Hemanth A1 - Chen, Jackie H. T1 - One-dimensional turbulence modeling of a turbulent counterflow flame with comparison to DNS T2 - Combustion and Flame N2 - The one-dimensional turbulence (ODT) model is applied to a reactant-to-product counterflow configuration and results are compared with DNS data. The model employed herein solves conservation equations for momentum, energy, and species on a one dimensional (1D) domain corresponding to the line spanning the domain between nozzle orifice centers. The effects of turbulent mixing are modeled via a stochastic process, while the Kolmogorov and reactive length and time scales are explicitly resolved and a detailed chemical kinetic mechanism is used. Comparisons between model and DNS results for spatial mean and root-mean-square (RMS) velocity, temperature, and major and minor species profiles are shown. The ODT approach shows qualitatively and quantitatively reasonable agreement with the DNS data. Scatter plots and statistics conditioned on temperature are also compared for heat release rate and all species. ODT is able to capture the range of results depicted by DNS. However, conditional statistics show signs of underignition. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2015.05.010 SN - 0010-2180 VL - 162 IS - 8 SP - 2999 EP - 3015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jozefik, Zoltan A1 - Kerstein, Alan R. A1 - Schmidt, Heiko T1 - Simulation of shock–turbulence interaction in non-reactive flow and in turbulent deflagration and detonation regimes using one-dimensional turbulence T2 - Combustion and Flame N2 - The one-dimensional turbulence (ODT) methodology is extended to include an efficient compressible implementation and a model for capturing shock-induced turbulence is presented. Lignell et al. recently introduced a Lagrangian ODT implementation using an adaptive mesh. As the code operates in the incompressible regime (apart from constant-pressure dilatation) it cannot handle compressibility effects and their interactions with turbulence and chemistry. The necessary algorithmic changes to include compressibility effects are highlighted and our model for capturing shock- turbulence interaction is presented. To validate our compressible solver, we compare results for the Sod shock tube problem against a finite volume Riemannsolver. To validate our model for shock–turbulence interaction, we present comparisons for a non-reactive and a reactive case. First, results of a shock traveling from light (air) to heavy (SF6) with recheck have been simulated to match mixing width growth data of experiments and turbulent kinetic energy results from LES.Then, for one-step chemistry calibrated to represent an acetylene/airmixture we simulate the interaction of a shock wave with an expanding flame front, and compare results with 2D simulation (2D-sim) data for flame brush formation and ensuing deflagration-to-detonation transitions (DDT). Results for the Sod shock tube comparison show that the shock speed and profile are captured accurately. Results for the non-reactive shock–recheck problem show that interface growth at all simulated Mach numbers is captured accurately and that the turbulent kinetic energy agrees in order of magnitude with LES data. The reactive shock tube results show that the flame brush thickness compares well to 2D-sim data and that the approximate location and timing of the DDT can be captured. The known sensitivity of DDT characteristics to details of individual flow realizations, seen also in ODT, implies that model agreement can be quantified only by comparing flow ensembles, which are presently unavailable other than in an ODT run-to-run sensitivity study that is reported herein. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2015.10.035 SN - 0010-2180 VL - 164 SP - 53 EP - 67 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Glawe, Christoph A1 - Schmidt, Heiko A1 - Kerstein, Alan R. A1 - Klein, Rupert T1 - XLES Part I: Introduction to Extended Large Eddy Simulation T2 - arXiv.org N2 - Direct numerical simulation (DNS), mostly used in fundamental turbulence research, is limited to low turbulent intensities due the current and future computer resources. Standard turbulence models, like RaNS (Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes) and LES (Large Eddy Simulation), are applied to flows in engineering, but they miss small scale effects, which are frequently of importance, see e.g. the whole area of reactive flows, flows with apparent Prandtl or Schmidt number effects, or even wall bounded flows. A recent alternative to these standard approaches is the one-dimensional turbulence (ODT) model, which is limited to 1D sub-domains. In two papers we will provide a generalized filter strategy, called XLES (extended LES), including a formal theory (part I) and one special approach in the XLES family of models, called ODTLES (in part II (see Glawe et al. (2015))). ODTLES uses an ODT sub-grid model to describe all turbulent scales not represented by XLES, which leaves the larger scales to be simulated in 3D. This allows a turbulence modeling approach with a 3D resolution mainly independent of the turbulent intensity. Thus ODTLES is able to compute highly turbulent flows in domains of moderate complexity affordably and including the full range of turbulent and diffusive scales. The convergence of XLES to DNS is shown and the unconventional XLES advection approach is investigated in basic numerical tests. In part II, highly turbulent channel and duct flow results are discussed and show the future potential of XLES and ODTLES. Y1 - 2015 UR - http://arxiv.org/abs/1506.04930 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Glawe, Christoph A1 - Schmidt, Heiko A1 - Kerstein, Alan R. A1 - Klein, Rupert T1 - XLES Part II: From Extended Large Eddy Simulation to ODTLES T2 - arXiv.org N2 - In turbulence research and flow applications, turbulence models like RaNS (Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes) models and LES (Large Eddy Simulation) are used. Both models filter the governing flow equations. Thus a scale separation approach is introduced for modeling purposes with the large scales simulated using a numerical scheme while smaller scales are assumed to be less important and might be modeled more or less easily. Unfortunately small scales are frequently of big importance, e.g. in reactive flows, wall bounded flows, or flows with significant Prandtl or Schmidt number effects. Recent alternatives to these standard models are the class of models based on the one-dimensional turbulence (ODT) idea, like ODTLES. The ability of ODT to capture highly turbulent flows (recently up to Reτ=6×105) allows ODTLES to realize 3D resolutions basically independent of the turbulent intensity. In two papers we provide a formal theory and application of an innovative modeling strategy for highly turbulent flows in domains of moderate complexity: In part I (see Glawe et al. (2015)) a new general filtering approach, called XLES (extended LES), is introduced. Contrary to LES, XLES is based on 2D filtering of the governing equations, whereby additional small scale terms are interpreted numerically. In this work a new ansatz for the ODTLES model is introduced as one special approach in the XLES family of models by incorporating the ODT model into XLES. The ODT model introduces microstructures not captured by the XLES filtered equations. To illustrate the ODTLES model capabilities, turbulent channel and duct flows up to friction Reynolds number Reτ=10000 are studied. Y1 - 2015 UR - http://arxiv.org/abs/1506.04938 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schnellenbach, Jan A1 - Schubert, Christian T1 - Behavioral political economy: A survey T2 - European Journal of Political Economy N2 - In explaining individual behavior in politics, economists should rely on the same motivational assumptions they use to explain behavior in the market: that is what Political Economy, understood as the application of economics to the study of political processes, is all about. In its standard variant, individuals who play the game of politics should also be considered rational and self-interested, unlike the benevolent despot of traditional welfare economics. History repeats itself with the rise of behavioral economics: Assuming cognitive biases to be present in the market, but not in politics, behavioral economists often call for government to intervene in a “benevolent” way. Recently, however, political economists have started to apply behavioral economics insights to the study of political processes, thereby re-establishing a unified methodology. This paper surveys the current state of the emerging field of “behavioral political economy” and considers the scope for further research. KW - Behavioral political economy KW - Rational irrationality KW - Cognitive biases KW - Social norms KW - Voting KW - Paternalism Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2015.05.002 SN - 0176-2680 VL - 40 IS - B SP - 395 EP - 417 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schnellenbach, Jan T1 - A Constitutional Economics Perspective on Soft Paternalism T2 - Kyklos N2 - Using a framework that distinguishes short-term consumer preferences, individual reflective preferences and political preferences, we discuss from a constitutional economics perspective whether individuals find it in their common constitutional interest to endow representatives and bureaucrats with the competence to impose soft paternalist policies. The focus is specifically on soft paternalist policies, because these often work with non-transparent 'nudges' that are considered as manipulative in some contributions to the literature. We show that those soft paternalist policies that are manipulative indeed collide with three criteria of consumer sovereignty, reflective sovereignty and citizen sovereignty that can be argued to represent common constitutional interest of citizens. On the other hand, we argue that the set of paternalist policies that is deemed acceptable on the constitutional level is restricted to non-manipulative instruments, and their application as government policies is limited to cases with stable and very homogenous preferences. However, we also argue that competitive markets are capable of supplying many mechanisms that allow individuals to cope with problems in their decision-making processes on a private level. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/kykl.12106 SN - 1467-6435 VL - 69 IS - 1 SP - 135 EP - 156 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lindim, Claudia A1 - Becker, Jeanette A1 - Grüneberg, Björn A1 - Fischer, Helmut T1 - Modelling the effects of nutrient loads reduction and testing the N and P control paradigm in a German shallow lake T2 - Ecological Engineering KW - Water quality modelling KW - eutropication Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2015.05.009 SN - 0925-8574 VL - 82 SP - 415 EP - 427 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pitsoulis, Athanassios A1 - Schwuchow, Sören C. T1 - Coercion, credibility, and mid-air interceptions of military planes T2 - Peace Economics, Peace Science and Public Policy N2 - Pointing out the remarkable levels of hostile interaction in the air space over contested territory between states like China and Japan or Greece and Turkey we argue that air space incursions can be interpreted as a rational strategy with ultimately political aims. In our interpretation deliberate intrusions of military aircraft into sensitive air space serve as an indirect risk-generating mechanism, as they will trigger scrambles of the opposed government's air force which may escalate into a military crisis. We derive testable hypotheses from a game-theoretic model, which we developed in earlier work to explore the strategic logic behind this risk-generating mechanism more rigorously. In order to test whether the model's predictions regarding the effect of short-term economic developments on the states' interaction hold, we built a database of daily event observations from the Hellenic National Defence General Staff reports of the last 4 years, containing time series data of Turkish intrusions into Greek-claimed air space and the number of dogfights between Greek and Turkish fighter planes. What we find is that not only Greek engagements of Turkish intruders but also massed, provocative Turkish intrusions have become significantly less likely after the onset of the Greek economic crisis. These findings are well in line with the predictions of the model and thus supportive of our theory. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/peps-2014-0040 SN - 1554-8597 VL - 20 IS - 4 SP - 697 EP - 707 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Felgenhauer, Ursula T1 - A Newton-type method and optimality test for problems with bang-singular-bang optimal control T2 - Pure and Applied Functional Analysis N2 - In the paper, a second-order method is investigated for control problems where the control has bang-singular-bang structure. To start with, the first-order system is formulated as a variational inequality including a differential equation for the switching function. For this system, a certain inexact Josephy-Newton method is considered. Under strong second-order sufficient conditions obtained via Goh's transformation of control and state-adjoint data, the local solvability is proved for the iterative problems. For so-called semilinear problems, locally the state and adjoint iterates converge superlinearly. The paper is completed by a Riccati test approach for verifying second-order optimality. KW - Bang-singular-bang control KW - maximum principle KW - Josephy--Newton method KW - second-order conditions KW - Riccati equation Y1 - 2016 UR - http://www.ybook.co.jp/online2/oppafa/vol1/p197.html VL - 1 IS - 2 SP - 197 EP - 215 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schnellenbach, Jan T1 - Tax Morale and the Legitimacy of Economic Policy T2 - Homo Oeconomicus N2 - It is proposed that a more accurate prediction of tax evasion activity than in the standard portfolio-choice model can be derived even for risk-neutral individuals if psychological costs are considered. Contrary to earlier models integrating psychological costs they are systematically derived by assuming a relationship between psychological costs, taxpayer satisfaction with public policy and taxes evaded. A formal concept of legitimacy of public policies is introduced and it is shown that legitimacy influences evasion activity. KW - Tax evasion KW - Tax morale KW - economics and psychology KW - political legitimacy Y1 - 2007 SN - 0943-0180 VL - 24 IS - 1 SP - 21 EP - 45 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schnellenbach, Jan T1 - Public Entrepreneurship and the Economics of Reform T2 - Journal of Institutional Economics N2 - Public entrepreneurship is commonly understood as the outcome of the activities of a Schumpeterian political innovator. However, empirical research suggests that changes to a more efficient economic policy, even if it is known and technically easy to implement, are usually delayed. This is difficult to reconcile with Schumpeterian notions of public entrepreneurship. In this paper, it is argued that the attempt to transfer a Schumpeterian approach to the public sector is fundamentally flawed. Institutional checks and balances that characterise most modern liberal democracies make the strategy of bold leadership an unlikely choice for an incumbent. If change occurs, it occurs normally as a response to the fact that the status quo has become untenable. From a normative point of view, it is argued that if public entrepreneurship nevertheless occurs, it will often be associated with unwanted consequences. A dismantling of formal institutional checks and balances is therefore not reasonable. KW - public entrepreneurship KW - political innovation KW - reform processes KW - Schumpeterian political economy Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/S1744137407000641 SN - 1744-1382 VL - 3 IS - 2 SP - 183 EP - 202 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Guizzardi, Giancarlo A1 - Wagner, Gerd A1 - Almeida, João Paulo Andrade A1 - Guizzardi, Renata T1 - Towards Ontological Foundation for Conceptual Modeling: The Unified Foundationa lOntology (UFO) Story T2 - Applied Ontology Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/AO-150157 SN - 1570-5838 VL - 10 IS - 3-4 SP - 259 EP - 271 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schnellenbach, Jan T1 - Rational Ignorance Is Not Bliss: When Do Lazy Voters Learn from Decentralised Political Experiments? T2 - Journal of Economics and Statistics N2 - A popular argument about economic policy under uncertainty states that decentralisation offers the possibility to learn from local or regional policy experiments. Often, an analogy between market competition as a discovery procedure and political competition is used to corroborate this argument. We argue that political learning processes are not trivial and do not occur frictionlessly: Voters have an inherent tendency to retain a given stock of policy-related knowledge which was costly to accumulate, so that yardstick competition is improbable to function well particularly for complex issues, if representatives' actions are tightly controlled by the electorate. We show that factor mobility does have the potential to endogenously disturb equilibria on regional markets for political theories, and therefore does provide for improved political learning processes compared to unitary systems. But the results we can expect are far from the ideal mechanisms of producing and utilising knowledge often described in the literature. In particular, collective learning may occur in the relatively efficient region, while the status quo may be fortified in the relatively inefficient region. KW - Policy decentralisation KW - fiscal competition KW - model uncertainty KW - collective learning Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.990268 SN - 0021-4027 VL - 228 IS - 4 SP - 372 EP - 393 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Feld, Lars P. A1 - Schaltegger, Christoph A. A1 - Schnellenbach, Jan T1 - On Government Centralisation and Budget Referendums: Evidence from Switzerland T2 - European Economic Review N2 - Several authors have argued that a centralization of fiscal powers in a federation is less likely to occur if citizens have to approve a change in the assignments of responsibilities by a popular referendum. This outcome may be due to the fact that logrolling is more difficult under direct than under representative democracy. It may also be caused by citizens’ fear that a centralization of fiscal authority facilitates the extraction of rents by the government or the legislature. In this paper, we test the hypothesis that centralization is less likely under referendum decision-making in the unique institutional setting of Switzerland. Using a panel of Swiss cantons from 1980 to 1998, the empirical analysis provides evidence that referendums induce less centralization of fiscal activities. KW - Centralization KW - Fiscal federalism KW - Fiscal referendums Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2007.05.005 SN - 1873-572X VL - 52 IS - 4 SP - 611 EP - 645 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schnellenbach, Jan A1 - Feld, Lars P. A1 - Schaltegger, Christoph A. T1 - The Impact of Referendums on the Centralization of Public Goods Provision: A Political Economy Approach T2 - Economics of Governance N2 - The paper compares decision-making on the centralisation of public goods provision in the presence of regional externalities under representative and direct democratic institutions. A model with two regions, two public goods and regional spillovers is developed in which uncertainty over the true preferences of candidates makes strategic delegation impossible. Instead, it is shown that the existence of rent extraction by delegates alone suffices to make cooperative centralisation more likely through representative democracy. In the non-cooperative case, the more extensive possibilities for institutional design under representative democracy increase the likelihood of centralisation. Direct democracy may thus be interpreted as a federalism-preserving institution. KW - Centralisation KW - Direct democracy KW - Representative democracy KW - Public good provision Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10101-009-0063-1 SN - 1435-8131 VL - 11 IS - 1 SP - 3 EP - 26 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pitsoulis, Athanassios A1 - Schnellenbach, Jan T1 - On Property Rights and Incentives in Academic Publishing T2 - Research Policy N2 - The peer review system in academic publishing performs two important functions by screening a manuscript for its quality, and by helping to further improve an author's work. However, it often fails to perform these functions in a satisfactory manner. We argue that property rights theory can be fruitfully applied to understand these shortcomings, and to develop reform proposals. The present paper discusses the incentive-problems in journal peer review from an institutional economics perspective, arguing that the incentives of both authors and reviewers to fully exploit a manuscript's potential depend on their property rights. Based on this theory of peer review, we argue that the recent proposal of an “as is” review policy combined with increased accountability of referees can be expected to result in a higher efficiency of peer review. KW - Academic journals KW - Scientific publishing KW - Peer review policy KW - Property rights Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2012.03.005 SN - 0048-7333 VL - 41 IS - 8 SP - 1440 EP - 1447 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schnellenbach, Jan T1 - The Economics of Taxing Net Wealth: A Survey of the Issues T2 - Public Finance and Management N2 - This paper surveys possible motivations for having a net wealth tax. After giving a short overview over the state of wealth taxation in OECD countries, we discuss both popular arguments for such a tax, as well as economic arguments. It is argued that classical normative principles of taxation known from public economics cannot give a sound justification for a net wealth tax. The efficiency-related effects are also discussed and shown to be theoretically ambiguous, while empirical evidence hints at a negative effect on GDP growth. Finally, it is argued that despite of widespread and persistent lobbying for a revitalization of the net wealth tax, this is unlikely to happen due to political economy constraints. KW - net wealth tax KW - wealth KW - inequality KW - redistribution Y1 - 2012 SN - 1523-9721 VL - 12 IS - 4 SP - 368 EP - 400 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bjørnskov, Christian A1 - Dreher, Axel A1 - Fischer, Justina A1 - Schnellenbach, Jan A1 - Gehring, Kai T1 - Inequality and Happiness: When Perceived Social Mobility and Economic Reality Do Not Match T2 - Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization N2 - We argue that perceived fairness of the income generation process affects the association between income inequality and subjective well-being, and that there are systematic differences in this regard between countries that are characterized by a high or, respectively, low level of actual fairness. Using a simple model of individual labor market participation under uncertainty, we predict that high levels of perceived fairness cause higher levels of individual welfare, and lower support for income redistribution. Income inequality is predicted to have a more favorable impact on subjective well-being for individuals with high fairness perceptions. This relationship is predicted to be stronger in societies that are characterized by low actual fairness. Using data on subjective well-being and a broad set of fairness measures from a pseudo micro-panel from the WVS over the 1990–2008 period, we find strong support for the negative (positive) association between fairness perceptions and the demand for more equal incomes (subjective well-being). We also find strong empirical support for the predicted differences in individual tolerance for income inequality, and the predicted influence of actual fairness. KW - Happiness KW - Life satisfaction KW - Subjective well-being KW - Inequality KW - Income distribution KW - Redistribution KW - Political ideology KW - Justice KW - Fairness KW - World Values Survey Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2013.03.017 SN - 0167-2681 VL - 91 SP - 75 EP - 92 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Feld, Lars P. A1 - Schnellenbach, Jan T1 - Political Institutions and Income (Re-)Distribution: Evidence from Developed Economies T2 - Public Choice N2 - We discuss the effect of formal political institutions (electoral systems, fiscal decentralization, presidential and parliamentary regimes) on the extent and direction of income (re-)distribution. Empirical evidence is presented for a large sample of 70 economies and a panel of 13 OECD countries between 1981 and 1998. The evidence indicates that presidential regimes are associated with a less equal distribution of disposable incomes, while electoral systems have no significant effects. Fiscal competition is associated with less income redistribution and a less equal distribution of disposable incomes, but also with a more equal primary income distribution. Our evidence also is in line with earlier empirical contributions that find a positive relationship between trade openness and equality in primary and disposable incomes, as well as the overall redistributive effort. KW - Redistribution KW - Formal institutions KW - Fiscal decentralization KW - Presidential and parliamentary regimes KW - Electoral systems Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11127-013-0116-4 SN - 1573-7101 VL - 159 IS - 3 SP - 435 EP - 455 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schnellenbach, Jan T1 - Neuer Paternalismus und individuelle Rationalität: eine ordnungsökonomische Perspektive T2 - List-Forum für Wirtschafts- und Finanzpolitik N2 - In den letzten Jahren hat sich ein breiter Literatur strang etabliert, der neue Formen paternalistischer Interventionen vorschl ägt, um individuelle Entscheidungen zu verbessern, die nicht vollständig rational sind. Di e Motivation hierfür liegt in zahlreichen Verhaltensanomalien und anderen Abweichungen vom Mo dell vollständiger Rationalität, die von der empirischen Verhaltensökonomik identifizier t wurden. Der neue Paternalismus zeichnet sich nach seinen Befürwortern dadurch aus, dass er ‘libertär’ ist, da die betroffenen Individuen in die als effizient erachtete Richtung geschubst, aber nicht gezwungen werden. Die Möglichkeit zu abweichendem Verhalten soll grun dsätzlich erhalten bleiben. In diesem Papier wird der neue Paternalismus aus einer ordnung sökonomischen Perspektive untersucht. Es wird gezeigt, dass wichtige Varianten des neuen Paternalismus mit den ordnungsökonomischen Steuerungsidealen der Konsumen tensouveränität und der Bürgersouveränität kollidieren. KW - Paternalismus KW - Ordnungsökonomik KW - Verhaltensökonomik Y1 - 2014 SN - 0937-0862 VL - 40 IS - 3 SP - 239 EP - 257 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schnellenbach, Jan T1 - Does Classical Liberalism Imply an Evolutionary Approach to Policy-Making? T2 - Journal of Bioeconomics N2 - This paper argues that an evolutionary approach to policy-making, which emphasizes openness to change and political variety, is particularly compatible with the central tenets of classical liberalism. The chief reasons are that classical liberalism acknowledges the ubiquity of uncertainty, as well as heterogeneity in preferences and beliefs, and generally embraces gradual social and economic change that arises from accidental variation rather than deliberate, large-scale planning. In contrast, our arguments cast doubt on a different claim, namely that classical liberalism is particularly compatible with the evolutionary biological heritage of humans. KW - Classical liberalism KW - Evolution KW - Darwinism KW - Economic policy KW - Cultural evolution KW - Institutional evolution Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10818-014-9188-6 SN - 1573-698 VL - 17 IS - 1 SP - 53 EP - 70 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seidlitz, Holger A1 - Ulke-Winter, Lars A1 - Gerstenberger, Colin A1 - Kroll, Lothar T1 - Dimensioning of Punctiform Metal-Composite Joints: A Section-Force Related Failure Criterion T2 - Open Journal of Composite Materials N2 - Reliable line production processes and simulation tools play a central role for the structural integration of thermoplastic composites in advanced lightweight constructions. Provided that material-adapted joining technologies are available, they can be applied in heavy-duty multi-material designs (MMD). A load-adapted approach was implemented into the new fully automatic and faulttolerant thermo mechanical flow drill joining (FDJ) concept. With this method it is possible to manufacture reproducible high strength FRP/metal-joints within short cycle times and without use of extra joining elements for the first time. The analysis of FDJ joints requires a simplified model of the joint to enable efficient numerical simulations. The present work introduces a strategy in modeling a finite-element based analogous-approach for FDJ-joints with glass fiber reinforced polypropylene and high-strength steel. Combined with a newly developed section-force related failure criterion, it is possible to predict the fundamental failure behavior in multi-axial stress states. The functionality of the holistic approach is illustrated by a demonstrator that represents a part of a car body-in-white structure. The comparison of simulated and experimentally determined failure loads proves the applicability for several combined load cases. KW - Composites KW - Multi-Material-Design KW - Hybrid KW - Joining KW - Failure Criterion KW - FDJ Joint Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4236/ojcm.2014.43018 SN - 2164-5655 VL - 4 IS - 3 SP - 157 EP - 172 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seidlitz, Holger A1 - Kroll, Lothar T1 - Hochfeste Mischbauweisen mit thermoplastischen Faserverbunden und Metallen T2 - Joining Plastics - Fügen von Kunststoffen Y1 - 2014 SN - 1864-3450 VL - 8 IS - 2 SP - 106 EP - 111 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seidlitz, Holger A1 - Ulke-Winter, Lars A1 - Kroll, Lothar T1 - New Joining Technology for Optimized Metal/Composite Assemblies T2 - Journal of Engineering N2 - The development of a new joining technology, which is used to manufacture high strength hybrid constructions with thermoplastic composites (FRP) and metals, is introduced. Similar to natural regulation effects at trees, fibers around the FRP joint become aligned along the lines of force and will not be destroyed by the joining process. This is achieved by the local utilization of the specific plastic flow properties of the FRT and metal component. Compared with usual joining methods—such as flow drill screws, blind and self-piercing rivets—noticeably higher tensile properties can be realized through the novel process management. The load-bearing capability increasing effect could be proved on hybrid joints with hot-dip galvanized steel HX420LAD and orthotropic glass—as well as carbon—fiber reinforced plastics. The results, which were determined in tensile-shear and cross-shear tests according to DIN EN ISO 14273 and DIN EN ISO 14272, are compared with holding loads of established joining techniques with similar joining point diameter and material combinations. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/doi:10.1155/2014/958501 SN - 2314-4912 SP - 958501 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Feld, Lars P. A1 - Schnellenbach, Jan T1 - Fiscal Federalism and Macroeconomic Performance: A Survey of Recent Research T2 - Environment and Planning – Government and Policy N2 - In this paper, we offer both a broad survey of the literature on fiscal federalism and long-run economic performance, and a detailed report of some of our own recent studies in this field. We look at the difference between study types (cross-country versus single-country studies), and at the relevance of the broader institutional framework into which fiscal decentralization is embedded. We also look into structural change and intergovernmental transfers as a detailed mechanism through which federalism may have an impact on aggregate economic performance.It turns out that fiscal decentralization has no robust effect on growth, but the evidence hints at a positive effect on overall productivity, conditional on the broader institutional framework. KW - fiscal federalism KW - fiscal decentralization KW - growth KW - economic performance Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1068/c1054r SN - 1472-3425 VL - 29 IS - 2 SP - 224 EP - 243 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Döring, Thomas A1 - Schnellenbach, Jan T1 - A Tale of Two Federalisms: Long-Term Institutional Change in the United States and in Germany T2 - Constitutional Political Economy N2 - This paper offers a comparison of government centralization in the United States and in Germany. After briefly laying out the history of federalism in both countries, we identify the instruments of centralization at work. It is argued that an initial constitutional framework of competitive federalism does not prevent the long-term centralization of competencies. Against a background of historical evidence, we discuss the political economics of government centralization. It is argued that formal institutions clearly have an effect on the pathways of government centralization, but not necessarily on the broader trend of centralization. The conclusion is reached that preservation of state and local autonomy may eventually hinge on informal political institutions. KW - Federalism KW - Government Centralization KW - State and Local Autonomy KW - Bryce Law KW - Popitz Law KW - Institutional Evolution KW - Constitutional economics KW - Formal institutions Y1 - 2011 SN - 1043-4062 VL - 22 IS - 1 SP - 83 EP - 102 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schnellenbach, Jan T1 - Wohlwollendes Anschubsen? Liberaler Paternalismus und seine Nebenwirkungen T2 - Perspektiven der Wirtschaftspolitik N2 - In diesem Papier wird das Konzept des liberalen Paternalismus diskutiert, dessen Vertreter überzeugt sind, die Qualität der Entscheidungen von Individuen durch ein effizientes Design der Randbedingungen dieser Entscheidungen verbessern zu können. Nach einem Überblick über die verhaltensökonomischen Grundlagen des liberalen Paternalismus werden insbesondere seine normativen Grundlagen und politisch-ökonomischen Implikationen diskutiert. Es zeigt sich, dass paternalistische Ansätze selbst Entscheidungen häufig verzerren werden und dass eine Verbesserung der Qualität individueller Entscheidungen höchst zweifelhaft ist. KW - Paternalismus KW - inkonsistente Präferenzen KW - expressives Verhalten Y1 - 2011 SN - 1465-6493 VL - 12 IS - 4 SP - 445 EP - 459 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Feld, Lars P. A1 - Schnellenbach, Jan A1 - Baskaran, Thushyanthan T1 - Creative Destruction and Fiscal Institutions: A Long-Run Case Study of Three Regions T2 - Journal of Evolutionary Economics N2 - We analyze the rise and decline of the steel and mining industries in the regions of Saarland, Lorraine and Luxembourg. Our main focus is on the period of structural decline in these industries after the second world war. Differences in the institutional framework of these regions are exploited to analyze the way in which the broader fiscal constitution sets incentives for governments either to obstruct or to encourage structural change in the private sector. Our main result is that fiscal autonomy of a region subjected to structural change in its private sector is associated with a relatively faster decline of employment in the sectors affected. Contrary to the political lore, fiscal transfers appear not to be used to speed up the destruction of old sectors, but rather to stabilize them. KW - Structural change KW - Fiscal federalism KW - Grants in aid KW - Creative destruction Y1 - 2012 SN - 0936-9937 VL - 22 IS - 3 SP - 563 EP - 583 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schnellenbach, Jan T1 - Nudges and Norms: On the Political Economy of Soft Paternalism T2 - European Journal of Political Economy N2 - This paper discusses soft (or libertarian) paternalism, as proposed among others by Thaler and Sunstein (2008). It is argued that soft paternalism should not be understood as an efficiency-enhancing, but as a redistributive concept. The relationship between soft paternalism and social norms is discussed in detail. In particular, it is argued that soft paternalism increases the stability of given social norms, which in turn need not be efficient, nor in the material self-interest of a majority of individuals. Soft paternalism is argued to be an essentially conservative concept of policy-making in the sense that it tends to increase the longevity of status quo social norms. KW - Libertarian paternalism KW - Soft paternalism KW - Social norms KW - Informal institutions KW - Behavioral political economics KW - Sour grapes KW - Expressive behavior Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2011.12.001 SN - 0176-2680 VL - 28 IS - 2 SP - 266 EP - 277 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seidlitz, Holger A1 - Ulke-Winter, Lars A1 - Kroll, Lothar T1 - Prozess- und festigkeitsoptimiertes Multi-Material-Design mit thermoplastischen Faserverbunden und Metallen T2 - Konstruktion Zeitschrift für Produktentwicklung und Ingenieur-Werkstoffe Y1 - 2014 SN - 0720-5953 IS - 11-12 SP - 75 EP - 79 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hübel, Hartwig T1 - Vereinfachte Fließzonentheorie T2 - Bauingenieur N2 - Es wird eine vereinfachte Fließzonentheorie vorgestellt, mit der das plastische Verhalten eines Tragwerks berechnet werden kann. Sie lässt sich nicht nur auf Stabwerke, sondern auch auf Flächentragwerke unter beliebiger Belastung anwenden. Das zugrunde gelegte Werkstoffgesetz ist bilinear, wodurch Verfestigung erfasst werden kann. Die Theorie beruht auf dem Konzept transformierter interner Variabler nach Zarka, mit dem das plastische Problem in ein geeignet formuliertes elastisches Problem überführt wird. Damit fällt oft nur eine weitere elastizitätstheoretische Berechnung an mit modifizierten elastischen Werkstoffparametern und mit (in Form von Anfangsdehnungen) modifizierter Belastung. Das Ergebnis kann gegebenenfalls iterativ verbessert werden, bis das "exakte" Ergebnis erreicht ist. Mehrere Beispiele erläutern die Methode. KW - Vereinfachte Fließzonentheorie KW - Fließgelenktheorie KW - Shakedown KW - Dehnungsakkumulation KW - Dehnschwingbreite Y1 - 1998 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 73 IS - 11 SP - 492 EP - 502 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bieniussa, Klaus W. A1 - Reck, Hans A1 - Hübel, Hartwig T1 - Determination of more realistic Ke,r-factors for simplified elastic–plastic analysis T2 - Nuclear Engineering and Design N2 - According to the relevant KTA-Rules, e.g. KTA 3201.2, strain correction factors — Ke-factors — have to be used in the fatigue analysis of pressurised components if the strain intensity ranges are determined by elastic analyses, and if in this case the range of primary plus secondary stress intensity exceeds a certain limit. This limit is three times the design stress intensity value, Sm, and thus approximately corresponds to twice the value of the 0.2% strain limit. The relations given in the above-mentioned rules to determine the Ke-factors for considering plastification have proved to be very conservative in many cases compared with the strain intensity ranges that were determined by complete elastic–plastic analyses. In order to improve the validity of the fatigue analysis, the topic of `Performance of fundamental work to prepare concrete proposals for realistic Ke,r-factors (strain correction factors) to consider plastification at large strain amplitudes' was one of the subjects of the BMU project SR 2063. In summary, the result was that the proposed realistic Ke,r-factors present a real alternative to the Ke-factors of the regulations; the latter serve a mostly conservative registration of the observed elastic–plastic strain but cannot be explained in terms of physics and are not formulated in a manner adequately specific of any material. The exemplary verification calculations that have been performed so far show, furthermore, that the proposed realistic Ke,r-factors can be easily determined and also deliver sufficiently conservative results. This new method therefore has great potential which, however, still has to continue to be verified by further calculations before it can be included in the KTA-Rules. KW - strain correction factor KW - KTA KW - Ke-factor KW - fatigue analysis Y1 - 1997 SN - 0029-5493 VL - 174 IS - 3 SP - 343 EP - 352 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kraatz, Matthias A1 - Gall, Martin A1 - Zschech, Ehrenfried A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Ho, Paul S. T1 - A model for statistical electromigration simulation with dependence on capping layer and Cu microstructure in two dimensions T2 - Computational Materials Science N2 - A model has been developed to simulate electromigration degradation in an interconnect segment in two dimensions using finite differences. The model was deployed on a parallel computer to statistically assess the lifetimes. The simulation takes into account the diffusion paths for electromigration mass transport along the grain boundaries and the capping layer. The microstructure is generated with a Monte Carlo algorithm, using a modified Potts model. Diffusivities along the grain boundaries and the capping layers were applied as multiples of a base diffusivity and were statistically scattered. The simulation results correlate well with electromigration tests. KW - Electromigration KW - Grain growth KW - Computer simulation KW - 2D KW - Copper Interconnects KW - On-chip KW - Statistics KW - Parallel computing Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2016.04.020 SN - 1879-0801 SN - 0927-0256 VL - 120 SP - 29 EP - 35 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hübel, Hartwig T1 - Basic Conditions for Material and Structural Ratcheting T2 - Nuclear Engineering and Design N2 - This paper is intended to provide an overview of different aspects of ratcheting under cyclic loading below the creep range. It distinguishes between material ratcheting and structural ratcheting, each being characterized by several different phenomena which appear in different configurations of materials, states of stress, structural geometries and loadings. The systematic compilation of these phenomena presented in the paper may help to improve understanding between material researches, developers of inelastic methods of analysis, structural analysts and design code committees. Above all, a certain degree of knowledge about the different mechanisms of ratchetting is important for a structural analyst to be able to choose an appropriate analytical method for assessing the ratcheting phenomena involved in a specific design problem. KW - Shakedown KW - Material Ratcheting KW - Structural Ratcheting Y1 - 1996 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0029549395011366 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/0029-5493(95)01136-6 SN - 0029-5493 VL - 162 IS - 1 SP - 55 EP - 65 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Kubieniec, Gabriel T1 - Implementation of longitudinal welding stresses into structural calculation of steel structures T2 - JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2014.994029 SN - 1392-3730 SN - 1822-3605 VL - 22 IS - 1 SP - 47 EP - 55 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Sahellie, Samer T1 - Conversion factors of the temperature effect on the shear strength of adhesively bonded steel joints T2 - Journal of civil engineering and management Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3846/13923730.2015.1068848 SN - 1392-3730 VL - 22 IS - 5 SP - 666 EP - 672 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hartmann, Carsten A1 - Banisch, Ralf A1 - Sarich, Marco A1 - Badowski, Tomasz A1 - Schütte, Christof T1 - Characterization of rare events in molecular dynamics T2 - Entropy Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/e16010350 SN - 1099-4300 VL - 16 IS - 1 SP - 350 EP - 376 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmid, Reiner P. A1 - Bahnmaier, Albert H. A1 - Zhang, Bing A1 - Jones, Harold T1 - Highly sensitive Infrared Spectroscopy: IR-REMPI Double Resonance Experiments T2 - Berichte der Bunsengesellschaft für physikalische Chemie KW - Infrared Spectroscopy Y1 - 1992 SN - 0005-9021 VL - 96 IS - 9 SP - 1305 EP - 1308 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmid, Reiner P. A1 - Jones, Harold T1 - Laser ionisation spectroscopy of formyl fluoride T2 - Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A KW - Laser ionisation Y1 - 1996 SN - 0932-0784 VL - 51 IS - 7 SP - 809 EP - 812 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmid, Reiner P. A1 - Chowdhury, P. K. A1 - Miyawaki, J. A1 - Ito, F. A1 - Sugawara, K. A1 - Nakanaga, T. A1 - Takeo, Harutoshi A1 - Jones, Harold T1 - Infrared spectroscopy of aniline-X (X=N2. CH4, CHF3, CO) clusters and their corresponding cluster cations inthe NH2-stretching vibration region T2 - Chemical Physics KW - Infrared spectroscopy Y1 - 1997 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301010497000724 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-0104(97)00072-4 SN - 0301-0104 VL - 218 IS - 3 SP - 291 EP - 300 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jäckel, Johann-Georg A1 - Schmid, Reiner P. A1 - Jones, Harold A1 - Nakanaga, T. A1 - Takeo, Harutoshi T1 - The van der Waals vibrational frequencies of the aniline-carbon monoxide complex in its S1 state T2 - Chemical Physics KW - Vibrational Frequencies Y1 - 1997 SN - 0301-0104 VL - 215 IS - 2 SP - 291 EP - 298 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Arusi-Parpar, Talya A1 - Schmid, Reiner P. A1 - Li, R.-J. A1 - Bar, I. A1 - Rosenwaks, Salman T1 - Rotational state dependent selectivity in bond fission of C2HD (5v1) T2 - Chemical Physics Letters KW - Dependent Selectivity Y1 - 1997 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0009261497001632 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2614(97)00163-2 SN - 0009-2614 VL - 268 IS - 1-2 SP - 163 EP - 168 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Baskaran, Thushyanthan A1 - Feld, Lars P. A1 - Schnellenbach, Jan T1 - Fiscal Federalism and Economic Growth: A Meta-Analysis T2 - Economic Inquiry N2 - The theoretical literature on the economics of fiscal federalism has identified several potential effects of government decentralization on economic growth. Much of the traditional literature focuses on the efficiency aspects of a decentralized provision of public services. However, decentralization may also increase growth by raising the ability of the political system to innovate and carry out reforms. On the contrary, some authors argue that decentralization increases corruption and government inefficiency. After a discussion of the theoretical arguments, we provide both a traditional survey and a meta-analysis of the empirical literature on decentralization and economic growth. Based on our survey, we identify open questions and discuss possible ways of answering them. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/ecin.12331 SN - 1465-7295 VL - 54 IS - 3 SP - 1445 EP - 1463 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Neubert, Jonas C. A1 - Fischer, Andreas T1 - The multiple faces of complex > problems: A model of complex problem solving competency and its assessment T2 - Journal of Dynamic Decision Making Y1 - 2015 UR - http://doi.org/10.11588/jddm.2015.1.23945 SN - 2365-8037 VL - 1 SP - 1 EP - 14 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Greiff, Samuel A1 - Neubert, Jonas C. A1 - Niepel, Christoph A1 - Ederer, Peer T1 - Problem solving — facilitating the utilization of a concept towards lifelong education T2 - International Journal of Lifelong Education Y1 - 2015 UR - http://doi.org/10.1080/02601370.2015.1060028 SN - 1464-519X VL - 34 IS - 4 SP - 373 EP - 375 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kretzschmar, André A1 - Neubert, Jonas C. A1 - Wüstenberg, Sascha A1 - Greiff, Samuel T1 - Construct validity of complex problem solving: A comprehensive view on different facets of intelligence and school grades T2 - Intelligence Y1 - 2016 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160289615001634 SN - 0160-2896 VL - 54 SP - 55 EP - 69 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mainert, Jakob A1 - Kretzschmar, André A1 - Neubert, Jonas C. A1 - Greiff, Samuel T1 - Linking complex problem solving and general mental ability to career advancement: Does a transversal skill reveal incremental predictive validity? T2 - International Journal of Lifelong Education Y1 - 2015 UR - http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02601370.2015.1060024 SN - 1464-519X VL - 34 IS - 4 SP - 393 EP - 411 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Neubert, Jonas C. A1 - Mainert, Jakob A1 - Kretzschmar, André A1 - Greiff, Samuel T1 - The Assessment of 21st Century Skills in Industrial and Organizational Psychology: Complex and Collaborative Problem Solving T2 - Industrial and Organizational Psychology Y1 - 2015 UR - http://doi.org/10.1017/iop.2015.14 SN - 1754-9434 VL - 8 IS - 2 SP - 238 EP - 268 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hartmann, Carsten A1 - Schütte, Christof T1 - Efficient rare event simulation by optimal nonequilibrium forcing T2 - Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-5468/2012/11/P11004 SN - 1742-5468 VL - November SP - P 11004 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmid, Reiner P. A1 - Arusi-Parpar, Talya A1 - Li, R.-J. A1 - Bar, Illana A1 - Rosenwaks, Salman T1 - Photodissociation of rovibrationally excited C2H2: Observation of two pathways T2 - Journal of chemical physics KW - Photodissodiation Y1 - 1997 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.474399 SN - 0021-9606 VL - 107 IS - 2 SP - 385 EP - 391 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Arusi-Parpar, Talya A1 - Schmid, Reiner P. A1 - Ganot, Y. A1 - Bar, I. A1 - Rosenwaks, Salman T1 - Enhanced action spectra of combination bands of acetylene via vibrationally mediated photodissociation and fragment ionization T2 - Chemical Physics Letters KW - Photodissociation Y1 - 1998 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2614(97)01452-8 SN - 0009-2614 VL - 287 IS - 3-4 SP - 347 EP - 352 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmid, Reiner P. A1 - Ganot, Y. A1 - Bar, I. A1 - Rosenwaks, Salman T1 - Combination bands vs. overtone stretch excitation and rotational effects in vibrationally mediated photodissociation of acetylene T2 - Journal of chemical physics KW - Photodissociation Y1 - 1998 UR - http://scitation.aip.org/content/aip/journal/jcp/109/20/10.1063/1.477567 UR - http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1998JChPh.109.8959S U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.477567 SN - 0021-9606 VL - 109 IS - 20 SP - 8959 EP - 8967 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sarich, Marco A1 - Banisch, Ralf A1 - Hartmann, Carsten A1 - Schütte, Christof T1 - Markov state models for rare events in molecular dynamics T2 - Entropy Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/e16010258 SN - 1099-4300 VL - 16 IS - 1 SP - 258 EP - 286 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Wei A1 - Wang, Han A1 - Hartmann, Carsten A1 - Weber, Marcus A1 - Schütte, Christof T1 - Applications of the cross-entropy method to importance sampling and optimal control of diffusions T2 - SIAM (Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics) Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1137/14096493X SN - 1095-7197 VL - 36 IS - 6 SP - A2654 EP - A2672 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hartmann, Carsten A1 - Latorre, Juan C. A1 - Zhang, Wei A1 - Pavliotis, Grigorios A. T1 - Optimal control of multiscale systems using reduced-order models T2 - Journal of Computational Dynamics (JCD) Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3934/jcd.2014.1.279 SN - 2158-2505 VL - 1 IS - 2 SP - 279 EP - 306 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Han A1 - Hartmann, Carsten A1 - Schütte, Christof T1 - Linear response theory and optimal control for a molecular system under non-equilibrium conditions T2 - Molecular Physics: An International Journal at the Interface Between Chemistry and Physics Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/00268976.2013.844370 SN - 1362-3028 VL - 111 IS - 22-23 SP - 3555 EP - 3564 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hartmann, Carsten A1 - Yanao, Tomohiro T1 - The falling cat problem and shape effects in small molecules in a random environment: a case study T2 - Molecular Physics Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/00268976.2013.831956 SN - 1362-3028 VL - 111 IS - 22-23 SP - 3534 EP - 3545 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hartmann, Carsten A1 - Schäfer-Bung, Boris A1 - Thöns-Zueva, Anastasia T1 - Balanced averaging of bilinear systems with applications to stochastic control T2 - SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1137/100796844 SN - 1095-7138 VL - 51 IS - 3 SP - 2356 EP - 2378 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Han A1 - Hartmann, Carsten A1 - Schütte, Christof A1 - Delle Site, Luigi T1 - Grand-Canonical-like Molecular-Dynamics Simulations by Using an Adaptive-Resolution Technique T2 - PHYSICAL REVIEW X Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.3.011018 SN - 2160-3308 VL - 3 IS - 1 SP - 011018 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmid, Reiner P. A1 - Ganot, Y. A1 - Rosenwaks, Salman A1 - Bar, I. T1 - Action spectra vs rovibrational absorption spectra: a tool for photodissociation dynamics investigation T2 - Journal of Molecular Structure KW - Rovibrationally mediated photodissociation, Action spectra; Rovibrational absorption spectra Y1 - 1999 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022286098006322 SN - 0022-2860 VL - 480-481 SP - 197 EP - 205 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmid, Reiner P. A1 - Weickhardt, Christian T1 - Designing reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometers with and without grids: a direct comparison T2 - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry KW - Time-of-flight mass spectrometers KW - Gridless reflector KW - Trajectory simulations KW - Reflectron Y1 - 2001 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1387380600003110 SN - 1387-3806 VL - 206 IS - 3 SP - 181 EP - 190 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pütter, Norbert A1 - Busch, Heiner T1 - State power beyond the law: The transatlantic fight against human rights T2 - Statewatch Y1 - 2008 SN - 1756-851X VL - 18 IS - 1 SP - 28085 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kroll, Lothar A1 - Ulke-Winter, Lars A1 - Seidlitz, Holger T1 - CFRP coupling for towing and shunting trains T2 - Plastics : the global application medium Y1 - 2013 SN - 2195-4577 N1 - Article code: KGB VL - 1 IS - 3-4 SP - S. 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schäfer-Bung, Boris A1 - Hartmann, Carsten A1 - Schmidt, Burkhard A1 - Schütte, Christof T1 - Dimension reduction by balanced truncation: Application to light-induced control of open quantum systems T2 - The Journal of Chemical Physics Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3605243 SN - 1089-7690 VL - 135 IS - 1 SP - 014112 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kolshorn, Kay-Uwe A1 - Kroll, Lothar A1 - Seidlitz, Holger A1 - Ulke-Winter, Lars A1 - Müller, S. A1 - Czech, Adam A1 - Hoyer, K.-H. A1 - Grothaus, R. T1 - Erste CFK-Kupplung für Schienenfahrzeuge T2 - Fachzeitschrift Lightweight Design Y1 - 2012 SN - 1865-4819 SN - 2192-8738 IS - 5 SP - 38 EP - 43 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmid, Reiner P. A1 - Jäckel, Johann-Georg A1 - Jones, Harold A1 - Taubmann, Gerhard A1 - Takeo, Harutoshi T1 - Photoionization investigation of cluster formation in heterocyclic compounds and their reactions with acidic species T2 - International Journal of Mass Spectrometry KW - Photoionization Y1 - 1998 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S138738069814054X U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1387-3806(98)14054-X SN - 1387-3806 VL - 177 IS - 2-3 SP - 197 EP - 205 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hartmann, Carsten T1 - Balanced model reduction of partially-observed Langevin equations: an averaging principle T2 - Mathematical and Computer Modelling of Dynamical Systems: Methods, Tools and Applications in Engineering and Related Sciences Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/13873954.2011.576517 SN - 1744-5051 VL - 17 IS - 5 SP - 463 EP - 490 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hartmann, Carsten A1 - Latorre, Juan C. A1 - Ciccotti, Giovanni T1 - On two possible definitions of the free energy for collective variables T2 - The European Physical Journal Special Topics Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1140/epjst/e2011-01519-7 SN - 1951-6355 VL - 200 IS - 1 SP - 73 EP - 89 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Salvalaglio, Marco A1 - Bergamaschini, Roberto A1 - Isa, Fabio A1 - Scaccabarozi, Andrea A1 - Isella, Giovanni A1 - Backofen, Rainer A1 - Voigt, Axel A1 - Montalenti, Francesco A1 - Capellini, Giovanni A1 - Marzegalli, Anna A1 - Schroeder, Thomas A1 - Känel, Hans von A1 - Miglio, Leo T1 - Engineering coalescence by annealing of 3D Ge microstructures into high-qualtiy suspended layers on Si T2 - ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5b05054 SN - 1944-8244 VL - 7 IS - 34 SP - 19219 EP - 19225 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mankovics, Daniel A1 - Schmid, Reiner P. A1 - Arguirov, Tzanimir V. A1 - Kittler, Martin T1 - Dislocation-related photoluminescence imaging of mc-Si wafers at room temperature T2 - Crystal Research and Technology KW - dislocations KW - imaging KW - photoluminescence KW - silicon Y1 - 2012 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/crat.201200146/full U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/crat.201200146 SN - 1521-4079 VL - 47 IS - 11 SP - 1148 EP - 1152 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zanoun, El-Sayed A1 - Öngüner, Emir A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Conventional measuring probes in the wall layer of turbulent subsonic ducted flows T2 - Thermophysics and Aeromechanics Y1 - 2016 SN - 1531-8699 SN - 0869-8643 VL - 23 IS - 3 SP - 329 EP - 342 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Goebelbecker, Joel A1 - Albrecht, Eike T1 - Soft Regulation Follows Hard Risk Management - European Food Sector on Nanotechnologies T2 - European Food and Law Review KW - Europe KW - Nanotechnologies KW - Regulations KW - Risk Management Y1 - 2016 SN - 1862-2720 VL - 11 IS - 2 SP - 107 EP - 118 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Walter, Jessika A1 - Hartmann, Carsten A1 - Maddocks, John H. T1 - Ambient space formulations and statistical mechanics of holonomically constrained Langevin systems T2 - The European Physical Journal Special Topics Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1140/epjst/e2011-01523-y SN - 1951-6401 VL - 200 IS - 1 SP - 153 EP - 181 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seidlitz, Holger A1 - Czech, Adam A1 - Ulke-Winter, Lars A1 - Kroll, Lothar T1 - Thermomechanisches Ausformfügen für thermoplastische FVK T2 - Lightweight Design Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1365/s35725-011-0027-6 SN - 2192-8738 SN - 1865-4819 VL - 4 IS - 3 SP - 16 EP - 23 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schneeweiss, Denny A1 - Hofstedt, Petra T1 - Configurable Domain Objects for Resource Modelling in Treatment Scheduling T2 - International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering Y1 - 2015 SN - 0218-1940 VL - 25 IS - 5 SP - 871 EP - 885 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Monson, Elizabeth I. A1 - Lignell, David O. A1 - Finney, Mark A. A1 - Jozefik, Zoltan A1 - Kerstein, Alan R. A1 - Hintze, Ryan S. T1 - Simulation of an ethylene wall fire using the spatially-evolving one-dimensional turbulence model T2 - Fire Technology, Special Issue on Validation and Fire Modeling Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10694-014-0441-2 SN - 1572-8099 VL - 52 IS - 1 SP - 176 EP - 196 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schütte, Christof A1 - Winkelmann, Stefanie A1 - Hartmann, Carsten T1 - Optimal control of molecular dynamics using Markov state models T2 - Mathematical Programming (Series B) Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10107-012-0547-6 SN - 0025-5610 VL - 134 IS - 1 SP - 259 EP - 282 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Leyendecker, Sigrid A1 - Hartmann, Carsten A1 - Koch, Michael T1 - Variational collision integrator for polymer chains T2 - Journal of Computational Physics Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2012.01.017 SN - 0021-9991 VL - 231 IS - 10 SP - 3896 EP - 3911 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seidlitz, Holger A1 - Kroll, Lothar A1 - Ulke-Winter, Lars T1 - Heavy-Duty Lightweight Structures: Force Flux-Maintaining Spot Connections T2 - Kunststoffe International KW - Lightweight Structures Y1 - 2011 SN - 1862-4243 VL - 2011 IS - 3 SP - 25 EP - 28 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seidlitz, Holger A1 - Kroll, Lothar A1 - Ulke-Winter, Lars T1 - Kraftflussgerechte Punktverbindungen - Hochbelastete Leichtbaustrukturen T2 - Zeitschrift Kunststoffe KW - Verbindungstechnik KW - Niettechnik KW - Verbundwerkstoffe KW - Werkstoffverbunde Y1 - 2011 SN - 0023-5563 VL - 101 IS - 3 SP - 50 EP - 53 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bimböse, Martin A1 - Nicolay, Alexander A1 - Bryk, Alexander A1 - Schmidt, Karl-Heinz A1 - Morche, David T1 - Investigations on intra- and interannual coarse sediment dynamics in a high-mountain catchment T2 - Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie : Supplementband Y1 - 2011 UR - http://www.schweizerbart.de/papers/zfg_suppl/detail/55/75985/Investigations_on_intra_and_interannual_coarse_sediment_dynamics_in_a_high_mountain_river U6 - https://doi.org/10.1127/0372-8854/2011/0055S2-0046 VL - 55 IS - 2 SP - 67 EP - 81 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krümmelbein, Julia A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Development of soil physical parameters in agricultural reclamation after brown coal mining within the first four years T2 - Soil and Tillage Research N2 - In Lusatia, Eastern Germany, the largest German brown coal (lignite) mining area is located. We study agricultural reclamation of open cast brown coal mining areas over the reclamation period of seven years which is in Germany by law the fixed time after which the agricultural areas are resold to farmers and agricultural cooperatives. This paper shows the development of selected soil physical parameters within the first three and four years of reclamation in dependence of organic fertilization, soil tillage and crop rotation. The sandy substrate which is used to reconstruct the post mining landscape is of Saaleian origin, free of recent organic matter and characterized by a homogeneous fabric. During excavation, deposition on stockpiles and levelling, the substrate becomes partly severely compacted due to extensive mechanical stresses. The extent of induced stresses depends on the contact area pressure and on the number of wheel passes of the levelling machinery during these processes. In this context we investigated the effect of different organic soil additives in combination with different crop rotations on the development of soil structure. The experimental area was reconstructed in 2006 and 2007. Directly after site construction, undisturbed soil samples were taken to characterize the initial mechanical and hydraulic properties of the substrate. Three and four years later again undisturbed samples on selected sub plots were taken. In 2010 samples from plots where Alfalfa had been cultivated for three years were collected. The Alfalfa plots were wheeled only twice per year, once for fertilization and once to cut and chaff the biomass. In 2011 samples from plots with annual ploughing and seedbed preparation were taken to show the effects of different crops and tillage intensities in combination with varying soil organic fertilizers on soil structure development. Furthermore, we evaluated the persistence of the loosening effect of subsoiling in dependence on the reclamation practice. First results of our on-going experimental study indicate that initial soil physical properties are very variable on the sub plots. After three and four years, no loosening effect of deep loosening was found anymore. The comparison of the minimum tilled plots (Alfalfa) with the plots of medium tillage intensity showed that with decreasing soil tillage intensity the functionality of the pore system (saturated hydraulic conductivity, air permeability) is improved. Y1 - 2012 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167198712001389 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2012.06.013 SN - 0167-1987 VL - 125 SP - 109 EP - 115 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sauvigny, Friedrich T1 - Maximum Principle for H-Surfaces in the Unit Cone and Dirichlet’s Problem for their Equation in Central Projection T2 - Milan Journal of Mathematics KW - Maximum principle KW - H-surfaces in cones Y1 - 2016 UR - http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00032-016-0250-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00032-016-0250-9 SN - 1424-9286 VL - 84 IS - 1 SP - 91 EP - 104 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müsgens, Felix T1 - Quantifying Market power in the German Wholesale Electricity Market Using a Dynamic Multi-Regional Dispatch Model T2 - Journal of Industrial Economics N2 - This paper quantifies the degree of market power in the German wholesale electricity market. A dispatch model simulates competitive marginal costs. In addition to common input factors like plant capacities, fuel prices and load structures, the model also incorporates international power exchange and dynamic effects like start-up costs and hydro storage plant dispatch. The simulated prices are subsequently used as a benchmark for observed electricity prices. The analysis reveals significant market power in the German electricity market, mainly exhibited during peak periods. Producer surplus is also increased significantly due to strategic behavior. Y1 - 2006 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1467-6451 SN - 1467-6451 VL - 54 IS - 4 SP - 471 EP - 498 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Winkler, Herwig A1 - Allmayer, Sabine T1 - Supply chain interface problems affecting productivity T2 - International Journal of Logistics Systems and Management : IJLSM Y1 - 2014 SN - 1742-7967 VL - 18 IS - 4 SP - 415 EP - 435 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Growitsch, Christian A1 - Müsgens, Felix T1 - The Economics of Restructuring the German Electricity Sector T2 - Zeitschrift für Energiewirtschaft N2 - The debate about the development of German electricity prices after the liberalization of energy markets in 1998 raises the question of failures in market restructuring. However, a general statement would be misleading for two main reasons. Firstly, the price development, analyzed for the exemplary case of household prices, shows significant differences among the stages of the value chain. Secondly, the underlying cost structure might have changed from 1998 to 2004. While such effects can be expected to level out over time, they can distort the comparison of a small period of observation. For these reasons, we analyzed the different price components at a detailed level, finding a considerable price reduction of about 32% in generation and a much lower reduction of 13% in transmission and distribution tariffs. These decreases have been mostly compensated by a significant increase in taxes and subsidies (+56%). Y1 - 2005 SN - 0343-5377 VL - 29 IS - 3 SP - 221 EP - 230 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Winkler, Herwig A1 - Seebacher, Gottfried T1 - Evaluating flexibility in discrete manufacturing based on performance and efficiency T2 - International Journal of Production Economics : IJPE Y1 - 2014 SN - 0925-5273 VL - 153 SP - 340 EP - 351 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Winkler, Herwig A1 - Allmayer, Sabine T1 - Exploring the influence of interorganizational interface problems on firm performance T2 - European Journal of Management : EJM Y1 - 2014 SN - 2378-8526 VL - 14 IS - 1 SP - 23 EP - 36 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Winkler, Herwig A1 - Seebacher, Gottfried T1 - Indicating the most influential manufacturing flexibility types in scientific research T2 - European Journal of Management : EJM Y1 - 2014 SN - 2378-8526 VL - 14 IS - 1 SP - 13 EP - 22 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Winkler, Herwig A1 - Seebacher, Gottfried A1 - Oberegger, Bernhard T1 - In-plant logistics efficiency valuation using discrete event simulation T2 - International Journal of Simulation Modelling : IJSIMM Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2507/IJSIMM14(1)6.289 SN - 1726-4529 VL - 14 IS - 1 SP - 60 EP - 70 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müsgens, Felix A1 - Ockenfels, Axel T1 - Design von Informationsfeedback in Regelenergiemärkten T2 - Zeitschrift für Energiewirtschaft N2 - Auf vielen kontinentaleuropäischen Energiemärkten werden derzeit die Regeln für das Feedback auf Regelenergiemärkten diskutiert: welche Informationen zu vergangenen Auktionen sollen wann veröffentlicht werden? Dieser Artikel beleuchtet Vor- und Nachteile verschiedener Feedbackpolitiken am Beispiel der Schweizer Regelenergiemärkte. Die Veröffentlichung des Grenzleistungspreises ist in der Regel zu empfehlen. Dies gilt jedoch nicht für weitere Informationen (insbesondere extramarginale Gebote). Die optimale Feedbackpolitik hängt allerdings vom jeweiligen Marktdesign und von der Marktstruktur ab KW - Strommärkte KW - Regelenergie KW - Marktdesign Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12398-011-0062-0 SN - 1866-2765 VL - 35 IS - 4 SP - 249 EP - 256 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müsgens, Felix A1 - Bartels, Michael T1 - Is a Cap-and-Trade System always efficient? The Case of New Entrants in the Emission Trading System of the EU T2 - Journal of Energy Engineering Y1 - 2008 SN - 0733-9402 VL - 134 IS - 2 SP - 33 EP - 39 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kuntz, Ludwig A1 - Müsgens, Felix T1 - Modelling Start-Up Costs of Multiple Technologies in Electricity Markets T2 - Mathematical Methods of Operations Research KW - Electricity markets Energy modeling Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00186-007-0148-y SN - 1432-2994 VL - 66 IS - 1 SP - 21 EP - 32 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Winkler, Herwig A1 - Seebacher, Gottfried T1 - A capability approach to evaluate supply chain flexibility T2 - International Journal of Production Economics Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/doi:10.1016/j.ijpe.2015.05.035 VL - 167 SP - 177 EP - 186 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dewi, Sari T1 - Integration PV and wind into the grid to supply electricity in Palu (Indonesia) T2 - Applied Mechanics and Materials Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.747.337 SN - 1662-7482 N1 - ICSEBS, 24.11. - 27.11.2014, Bali VL - 747 SP - 337 EP - 340 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bazart, Cécile A1 - Bonein, Aurélie A1 - Hokamp, Sascha A1 - Seibold, Götz T1 - Bahavioural Economics and Tax Evasion: Calibrating an Agent-based Econophysics Model with Experimental Tax Compliance Data T2 - Journal of Tax Administration Y1 - 2016 UR - http://jota.website/article/view/74 VL - 2 IS - 1 SP - 126 EP - 144 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Baumert, Katrin A1 - Stüber, Eva A1 - Brusch, Michael T1 - Wirkung des Sex-sells-Prinzips in der Werbung T2 - transfer Werbeforschung & Praxis N2 - Damit Unternehmen mit ihrer Werbung bei Konsumenten die gewünschten Ziele erreichen, bedienen sie sich gerne verschiedener Reizwirkungen. Hierbei besitzen besonders emotionale Reizwirkungen bzw. deren extreme Form das Sex-sells-Prinzip einen positiven Einfluss auf die Aktivierung. Welche Wirkungen dabei auf Aufmerksamkeit und Erinnerung als zentrale Größen bestehen, ist jedoch von verschiedenen Rahmenbedingungen abhängig. Mittels einer kombinierten Untersuchung aus Eye-Tracking und Befragung können relevante Erkenntnisse in Bezug auf diese Größen im Bereich emotionaler Werbeanzeigen aufgezeigt werden. KW - Werbewirkung KW - Sex sells KW - emotionale Reize KW - Aktivierung Y1 - 2016 SN - 1436-798X VL - 62 IS - 2 SP - 60 EP - 66 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sowinska, Małgorzata A1 - Brizzi, Simone A1 - Das, Chittaranjan A1 - Kärkkänen, Irina A1 - Schneidewind, Jessica A1 - Naumann, Franziska A1 - Gargouri, Hassan A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Analysis of nitrogen species in titanium oxynitride ALD films T2 - Applied Surface Science N2 - Titanium oxynitride films are prepared by plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition method using two different precursors and nitrogen sources. Synchrotron radiation-based X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray absorption spectroscopy are used to characterize the nitrogen species incorporated within these films depending on the deposition parameters. It is found that nitrogen atoms in these films are differently bonded. In particular, it can be distinguished between Ti-ON and Ti-N bonding configurations and molecular nitrogen species caused by precursor fragments. KW - titanium oxynitride KW - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy KW - X-ray absorption spectroscopy KW - ALD process parameters Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.02.096 SN - 0169-4332 SN - 1873-5584 VL - 381 SP - 42 EP - 47 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Böllmann, Jörg A1 - Rathsack, Kristina A1 - Martienssen, Marion T1 - The precision of bacterial quantification techniques on different kinds of environmental samples and the effect of ultrasonic treatment T2 - Journal of Microbiological Methods N2 - The precision of cell number quantification in environmental samples depends on the complexity of the sample and on the applied technique. We compared fluorescence microscopy after filtration, quantification of gene copies and the cultivation based most probable number technique for their precision. We further analyzed the effect of increasing complexity of the sample material on the precision of the different methods by using pure cultures of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, fresh water samples and sediment slurries with and without ultrasonic treatment for analyses. Microscopy reached the highest precision, which was similar between pure cultures and water samples, but lower for sediment samples due to a higher percentage of cells in clusters and flocks. The PCR based quantification was most precise for pure cultures. Water and sediment samples were similar but less precise, which might be caused by the applied DNA extraction techniques. MPN measurements were equally precise for pure cultures and water samples. For sediment slurries the precision was slightly lower. The applied ultrasonic treatment of the slurries dispersed the cell clusters and flocks, increased the precision of microscopical and MPN measurements and also increased the number of potential colony forming units. However, the culturable cell number decreased by half. For MPN quantification of viable cells in samples with a high proportion of clustered cells we therefore recommend an optimization of ultrasonic treatment and a confirmation by microscopy and cultivation to reach highest possible dispersion of the cells with a minimum of inactivation. As a result of these observations we suggest a correction factor for MPN measurements to consider the effect of sonication on complex samples. The results are most likely applicable to other complex samples such as soil or biofilms. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2016.05.006 SN - 0167-7012 VL - 126 SP - 42 EP - 47 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Latorre, Juan C. A1 - Metzner, Philipp A1 - Hartmann, Carsten A1 - Schütte, Christof T1 - A Structure-preserving numerical discretization of reversible diffusions T2 - Communications in Mathematical Sciences Y1 - 2011 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.4310/CMS.2011.v9.n4.a6 SN - 1945-0796 VL - 9 IS - 4 SP - 1051 EP - 1072 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hartmann, Carsten A1 - Vulcanov, Valentina-Mira A1 - Schütte, Christof T1 - Balanced truncation of linear second-order systems: A Hamiltonian approach T2 - Multiscale Modeling & Simulation Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1137/080732717 SN - 1540-3467 VL - 8 IS - 4 SP - 1348 EP - 1367 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schütte, Christof A1 - Walter, Jessika A1 - Hartmann, Carsten A1 - Huisinga, Wilhelm T1 - An Averaging Principle for Fast Degrees of Freedom Exhibiting Long-Term Correlations T2 - Multiscale Modeling & Simulation Y1 - 2004 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1137/030600308 SN - 1540-3467 VL - 2 IS - 3 SP - 501 EP - 526 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Markiewicz, Richard S. A1 - Lorenzana, José A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Bansil, Arun T1 - Short range smectic order driving long range nematic order: example of cuprates T2 - Scientific reports Y1 - 2016 UR - http://www.nature.com/articles/srep19678 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/srep19678 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 6 SP - 19678 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Das, Chittaranjan A1 - Richter, Matthias A1 - Tallarida, Massimo A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Electronic properties of atomic layer deposited films, anatase and rutile TiO2 studied by resonant photoemission spectroscopy T2 - Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics N2 - The TiO2 films are prepared by atomic layer deposition (ALD) method using titanium isopropoxide precursors at 250 °C and analyzed using resonant photoemission spectroscopy (resPES). We report on the Ti2p and O1s core levels, on the valence band (VB) spectra and x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) data, and on the resonant photoelectron spectroscopy (resPES) profiles at the O1s and the Ti3p absorption edges. We determine the elemental abundance, the position of the VB maxima, the partial density of states (PDOS) in the VB and in the conduction band (CB) and collect these data in a band scheme. In addition, we analyze the band-gap states as well as the intrinsic states due to polarons and charge-transfer excitations. These states are found to cause multiple Auger decay processes upon resonant excitation. We identify several of these processes and determine their relative contribution to the Auger signal quantitatively. As our resPES data allow a quantitative analysis of these defect states, we determine the relative abundance of the PDOS in the VB and in CB and also the charge neutrality level. The anatase and rutile polymorphs of TiO2 are analyzed in the same way as the TiO2 ALD layer. The electronic properties of the TiO2ALD layer are compared with the anatase and rutile polymorphs of TiO2. In our comparative study, we find that ALD has its own characteristic electronic structure that is distinct from that of anatase and rutile. However, many details of the electronic structure are comparable and we benefit from our spectroscopic data and our careful analysis to find these differences. These can be attributed to a stronger hybridization of the O2p and Ti3d4s states for the ALD films when compared to the anatase and rutile polymorphs. KW - titanium dioxide (TiO2) KW - resonant photoemission spectroscopy (resPES) KW - defect states KW - partial density of states (pDOS) KW - charge neutrality level (CNL) Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/49/27/275304 SN - 0022-3727 SN - 1361-6463 VL - 49 IS - 27 SP - 275304-1 EP - 275304-17 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Härdle, Wolfgang Karl A1 - Hautsch, Nikolaus A1 - Mihoci, Andrija T1 - Local Adaptive Multiplicative Error Models for High-Frequency Forecasts T2 - Journal of Applied Econometrics N2 - We propose a local adaptive multiplicative error model (MEM) accommodating time-varying parameters. MEM parameters are adaptively estimated based on a sequential testing procedure. A data-driven optimal length of local windows is selected, yielding adaptive forecasts at each point in time. Analysing 1-minute cumulative trading volumes of five large NASDAQ stocks in 2008, we show that local windows of approximately 3 to 4 hours are reasonable to capture parameter variations while balancing modelling bias and estimation (in)efficiency. In forecasting, the proposed adaptive approach significantly outperforms a MEM where local estimation windows are fixed on an ad hoc basis. KW - Multiplicative Error Model KW - Local Adaptive Modelling KW - High-Frequency Processes KW - Trading Volume KW - Forecasting Y1 - 2015 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jae.2376/abstract U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/jae.2376 SN - 1099-1255 VL - 30 IS - 4 SP - 529 EP - 550 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Härdle, Wolfgang Karl A1 - Hautsch, Nikolaus A1 - Mihoci, Andrija T1 - Modelling and Forecasting Liquidity Supply Using Semiparametric Factor Dynamics T2 - Journal of Empirical Finance N2 - We model the dynamics of ask and bid curves in a limit order book market using a dynamic semiparametric factor model. The shape of the curves is captured by a factor structure which is estimated nonparametrically. Corresponding factor loadings are modelled jointly with best bid and best ask quotes using a vector error correction specification. Applying the framework to four stocks traded at the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) in 2002, we show that the suggested model captures the spatial and temporal dependencies of the limit order book. We find spill-over effects between both sides of the market and provide evidence for short-term quote predictability. Relating the shape of the curves to variables reflecting the current state of the market, we show that the recent liquidity demand has the strongest impact. In an extensive forecasting analysis we show that the model is successful in forecasting the liquidity supply over various time horizons during a trading day. Moreover, it is shown that the model's forecasting power can be used to improve optimal order execution strategies. KW - Limit Order Book KW - Liquidity Risk KW - Semiparametric Modelling KW - Factor Structure KW - Prediction Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jempfin.2012.04.002 SN - 0927-5398 VL - 19 IS - 4 SP - 610 EP - 625 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Matamala, Martin A1 - Meer, Klaus T1 - On the computational structure of the connected components of difficult sets T2 - Information Processing Letters Y1 - 1999 SN - 0020-0190 VL - 72 IS - 3-4 SP - 83 EP - 90 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cucker, Felipe A1 - Meer, Klaus T1 - Logics which capture complexity classes over the reals T2 - Journal of Symbolic Logic Y1 - 1999 SN - 0022-4812 VL - 64 IS - 1 SP - 363 EP - 390 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pohle, Ina A1 - Koch, Hagen A1 - Zimmermann, Kai A1 - Gädeke, Anne A1 - Claus, Thomas A1 - Uhlmann, Wilfried A1 - Kaltofen, Michael A1 - Redetzky, Michael A1 - Schramm, Martina A1 - Müller, Fabian A1 - Schoenheinz, Dagmar A1 - Grünewald, Uwe T1 - Analyse von Wassermenge und Wasserbeschaffenheit für Klima- und Bewirtschaftungsszenarien: Aufbau und Nutzung einer Modellkaskade für das Spreeeinzugsgebiet T2 - Hydrologie und Wasserbewirtschaftung N2 - Klimaänderungen und sozioökonomische Entwicklungen können Konsequenzen für die Wassermengenbewirtschaftung und die Wasserbeschaffenheit nach sich ziehen. Zur Abschätzung der Auswirkungen regionaler Entwicklungen wurde in dieser Studie eine Modellkaskade aus (i) den hydrologischen Modellen SWIM und EGMO, (ii) dem Langfristbewirtschaftungsmodell WBalMo und (iii) dem Wassergütemodell GGM entwickelt, implementiert und angewandt. Die Modellkaskade bietet zudem die Möglichkeit,Anpassungsoptionen der Wassermengen– und –gütebewirtschaftung einzubeziehen. Als Untersuchungsgebiet dient das Einzugsgebiet der Spree, in dem in Folge des jahrzehntelangen Braunkohlebergbaus und dessen Rückgangs seit den 1990er Jahren vielfältige Herausforderungen hinsichtlich Wassermenge und –beschaffenheit bestehen (z. B. niedrige pH-Werte in den Tagebauseen, hohe Sulfatkonzentrationen in den Tagebauseen und Vorflutern). Die grundlegende Fragestellung ist, ob sich die bestehenden Wassermengen– und beschaffenheitsprobleme unter zukünftig potenziell trockeneren Bedingungen verschärfen bzw. wie sie durch Anpassungsmaßnahmen gelindert werden können. Als klimatischer Antrieb der Modellkaskade werden stochastisch generierte Zeitreihen (Realisierungen) des Regionalen Klimamodells STAR genutzt. Die Realisierungen des Szenarios STAR 0K werden im Sinne einer Referenzvariante der rezenten klimatischen Bedingungen verwendet, um die Konsequenzen des Rückgangs von Bergbauaktivitäten separat zu betrachten. Zur Ermittlung der Sensitivität der Wasserressourcen gegenüber einer potenziell trockeneren Zukunft dient das Szenario STAR 2K, bei dem eine weitere Erhöhung der Jahresmitteltemperatur um 2 K sowie im Mittel eine Abnahme des Jahresniederschlages projiziert wird. Die Betrachtung der sozioökonomischen Entwicklung der Region wird anhand eines Bewirtschaftungsszenarios betrachtet, welches von einem weiteren Rückgang der Bergbauaktivitäten in der Region ausgeht. Im Verlauf des Zeitraums 2018 2052 zeigen sich im Szenario STAR 0K nur geringe Auswirkungen auf das natürliche Wasserdargebot, die bewirtschafteten Abflüsse gehen durch sinkende Sümpfungswassereinleitungen leicht zurück. Im Szenario STAR 2K geht das natürliche Wasserdargebot zurück und die wasserwirtschaftlichen Speicher werden stärker in Anspruch genommen. Die bewirtschafteten Abflüsse in der Region sinken, was negative Konsequenzen für die Erfüllung von Nutzeransprüchen nach sich zieht. Die Wahrscheinlichkeit, dass die Tagebauseen wiederversauern und die Sulfatkonzentrationen ansteigen, nimmt im Szenario STAR 2K im Vergleich zu STAR 0K zu. Wasserwirtschaftliche Anpassungsoptionen wurden hinsichtlich ihrer Konsequenzen für Wassermenge und beschaffenheit analysiert. Durch die Überleitung von Wasser aus der Elbe können die Wassermengen und beschaffenheitsprobleme gelindert werden. Die In Lake Neutralisation von Tagebauseen kann lokale Probleme der Wasserbeschaffenheit mindern. KW - Wasserbewirtschaftung KW - Wasserqualität KW - Klimawandel KW - Modellkaskade KW - Braunkohlebergbau Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5675/HyWa_2016,3_2 VL - 60 IS - 3 SP - 176 EP - 195 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Killat, Dirk A1 - Schmitz, Richard T1 - A reflected-light receiver with 2 nA sensitivity using CDS and separate low-pass filtering of the input signal at each clock-phase T2 - Sensors and Actuators N2 - The design of an integrated receiver for reflected light using correlated double sampling (CDS) is presented. CDS has the disadvantage that input signals of high frequencies are folded back to the base band caused by sampling the continuous input signal. However, the circuit presented here uses a new method to limit the bandwidth of the CDS input signal. Two filter-capacitors, one for each clock phase, are periodically connected to the input of the CDS circuit. As the input signal is low-pass filtered by the ohmic output resistance of the optical sensor in conjuction with the filter-capacitors, aliasing can be avoided. Measurements of a test circuit demonstrate the effectiveness of this principle. Y1 - 1996 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/0924-4247(96)80145-2 SN - 0924-4247 VL - 52 IS - 1-3 SP - 175 EP - 178 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Winkler, Herwig A1 - Seebacher, Gottfried T1 - Examination and determination of the most important supply chain flexibility types in literature T2 - Journal of International Management Studies : JIMS Y1 - 2014 SN - 1930-6105 VL - 14 IS - 1 SP - 49 EP - 58 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grothe, Oliver A1 - Müller, Christoph A1 - Müsgens, Felix T1 - Modellierung von Energiepreisrisiken durch Bindefristen bei öffentlichen Ausschreibungen T2 - Zeitschrift für Energie, Markt und Wettbewerb Y1 - 2006 IS - 6 SP - 59 EP - 62 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Winkler, Herwig A1 - Kuss, Clemens A1 - Wurzer, Thomas T1 - Investigating the relevance of supply chain improvement systems (SCIS) T2 - Logistics and Production (RLP) Y1 - 2013 SN - 2083-4942 VL - 3 IS - 4 SP - 265 EP - 278 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Growitsch, Christian A1 - Müsgens, Felix T1 - Die Liberalisierung des deutschen Strommarktes - ein Erfolgsmodell? T2 - Wirtschaft im Wandel Y1 - 2005 SN - 0947-3211 IS - 12 SP - 383 EP - 387 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Thommes, Kirsten A1 - Akkerman, Agnes A1 - Born, Marieke T1 - Peer influence on protest participation: Communication and trust between co-workers as inhibitors or facilitators of mobilization T2 - Social Science Research N2 - In this article, we investigate how communication and trust networks between employees affect participation in a strike. We analyze whether the strength of network relations is related to congruence in strike behavior using social network data on 59 Dutch workers. We find that private communication networks and trust networks lead to similar strike behavior. This finding indicates that networks not only promote protest mobilization but are also vehicles for demobilization, albeit through different network relations. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssresearch.2015.11.003 SN - 1096-0317 VL - 56 SP - 58 EP - 72 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Oertel, Simon A1 - Thommes, Kirsten A1 - Walgenbach, Peter T1 - Organizational Failure in the Aftermath of Radical Institutional Change T2 - Organization Studies N2 - This paper focuses on the question of the extent to which the institutional founding environment affects organizational success after a radical institutional change. We analyse firms founded in the German Democratic Republic (GDR) that experienced the fall of the Iron Curtain in 1990 and focus on how the institutional environment of their founding period influences their failure rates. Results show that organizational failure rates vary after institutional change due to differences in institutional founding conditions. This variation is influenced by the degree of (dis)similarity between the imprinted past and the present institutional context. Discussing the time-varying effect of institutional founding conditions, we contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of imprinting and organizational failure in situations of institutional change. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/0170840615622071 SN - 1741-3044 VL - 37 IS - 8 SP - 1067 EP - 1087 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Benning, Wilhelm A1 - Elkoushy, Ashraf A1 - Meer, Klaus T1 - Innere-Punkt Methoden für die automatisierte Fehlersuche in geodätischen Anwendungen (Interior point methods for automatic blunders detection in surveying) T2 - Allgemeine Vermessungsnachrichten Y1 - 1997 SN - 0002-5968 VL - 104 IS - 8-9 SP - 319 EP - 324 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meer, Klaus A1 - Michaux, Christian T1 - A Survey on Real Structural Complexity Theory T2 - Bulletin of the Belgian Mathematical Society Simon Stevin Y1 - 1997 SN - 1370-1444 VL - 4 IS - 1 SP - 113 EP - 148 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schöttker, Oliver A1 - Johst, Karin A1 - Drechsler, Martin A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - Land for biodiversity conservation - To buy or borrow? T2 - Ecological Economics Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2016.06.011 SN - 0921-8009 VL - 129 SP - 94 EP - 103 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stechow, Richard A1 - Ivanova, Irina A1 - Naveed, Muhammad A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Sample Preparation of Worn Surfaces for EBSD Analysis T1 - Probenpräparation verschlissener Oberflächen für die EBSD Analyse T2 - Praktische Metallographie Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3139/147.110401 SN - 0032-678x SN - 2195-8599 VL - 53 IS - 6 SP - 352 EP - 359 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Naveed, Muhammad A1 - Stechow, Richard A1 - Bolz, Sebastian A1 - Hobusch, Katharina A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Solid Particle Erosion of Heat Treated TNB-V4 at Ambient and Elevated Temperatures T2 - International Journal of Chemical, Molecular, Nuclear, Materials and Metallurgical Engineering Y1 - 2016 VL - 10 IS - 5 SP - 571 EP - 576 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Benfatto, Lara A1 - Castellani, Claudio A1 - Lorenzana, José T1 - Current Correlations in Strongly Disordered Superconductors T2 - Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism Y1 - 2016 UR - http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10948-015-3300-6 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10948-015-3300-6 VL - 29 IS - 3 SP - 577 EP - 580 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tea, C. A1 - Castellani, Claudio A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Benfatto, Lara T1 - Nonrelativistic Dynamics of the Amplitude (Higgs) Mode in Superconductors T2 - Physical Review Letters Y1 - 2015 UR - https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.157002 U6 - https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.157002 SN - 1079-7114 VL - 115 SP - 157002 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Caprara, Sergio A1 - Grilli, Marco A1 - Raimondi, Roberto T1 - Intrinsic spin Hall effect in systems with striped spin-orbit coupling T2 - epl : a letters journal exploring the frontiers of physics KW - Condensed Matter Y1 - 2015 UR - http://epljournal.edpsciences.org/articles/epl/abs/2015/19/epl17411/epl17411.html U6 - https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/112/17004 SN - 1286-4854 VL - 112 IS - 1 SP - 17004-p1 EP - 17004-p6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cea, Tommaso A1 - Bucheli, Daniel A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Benfatto, Lara A1 - Lorenzana, José A1 - Castellani, Claudio T1 - Optical excitation of phase modes in strongly disordered superconductors T2 - Physical Review B N2 - According to the Goldstone theorem the breaking of a continuous U(1) symmetry comes along with the existence of low-energy collective modes. In the context of superconductivity these excitations are related to the phase of the superconducting (SC) order parameter and for clean systems are optically inactive; that is, single-mode excitations do not directly couple to light. Here we show that for strongly disordered superconductors phase modes acquire a dipole moment and appear as a subgap spectral feature in the optical conductivity. This finding is obtained with both a gauge-invariant random-phase approximation scheme based on a fermionic Bogoliubov–de Gennes state and a prototypical bosonic model for disordered superconductors. In the strongly disordered regime, where the system displays an effective granularity of the SC properties, the optically active dipoles are linked to the isolated SC islands, offering a new perspective for realizing microwave optical devices. Y1 - 2014 UR - http://journals.aps.org/prb/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevB.89.174506 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.89.174506 SN - 2469-9969 VL - 89 SP - 174506 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bucheli, Daniel A1 - Grilli, Marco A1 - Peronaci, F. A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Caprara, Sergio T1 - Phase diagrams of voltage-gated oxide interfaces with strong Rashba coupling T2 - Physical Review B N2 - We propose a model for the two-dimensional electron gas formed at the interface of oxide heterostructures that includes a Rashba spin-orbit coupling proportional to an electric field oriented perpendicularly to the interface. Taking into account the electron density dependence of this electric field confining the electron gas at the interface, we report the occurrence of a phase separation instability (signaled by a negative compressibility) for realistic values of the spin-orbit coupling and of the electronic band-structure parameters at zero temperature. We extend the analysis to finite temperatures and in the presence of an in-plane magnetic field, thereby obtaining two phase diagrams that exhibit a phase separation dome. By varying the gating potential, the phase separation dome may shrink and vanish at zero temperature into a quantum critical point where the charge fluctuates dynamically. Similarly, the phase separation may be spoiled by a planar magnetic field even at zero temperature leading to a line of quantum critical points. Y1 - 2014 UR - https://journals.aps.org/prb/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevB.89.195448 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.89.195448 SN - 2469-9969 VL - 89 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Di Castro, Carlo A1 - Grilli, Marco A1 - Lorenzana, José T1 - Spin excitations of ferronematic order in underdoped cuprate superconductors T2 - Scientific reports N2 - High-temperature superconductors exhibit a characteristic hourglass-shaped spectrum of magnetic fluctuations which most likely contribute to the pairing glue in the cuprates. Recent neutron scattering experiments in strongly underdoped compounds have revealed a significant low energy anisotropy of these fluctuations which we explain by a model in which topological defects of the antiferromagnet clump to producing domain wall segments with ferronematic order. This state does not invoke global charge order but breaks C4 rotational and inversion symmetry. The incommensurability of the low doping charge-disordered state is in good agreement with experiment and interpolates smoothly with the incommensurability of the stripe phase at higher doping. Within linear spin-wave theory the dynamic structure factor is in very good agreement with inelastic neutron scattering data and can account for the observed energy dependent anisotropy. Y1 - 2014 UR - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4060504/ U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/srep05319 SN - 2045-2322 IS - 4 SP - 5319 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Tempes, Jana A1 - Ricksgers, Hannah A1 - Marquardt, Louisa A1 - Prüfer-Krämer, Luise A1 - Krämer, Alexander T1 - Gesundheitliche Situation und Versorgung unbegleiteter minderjähriger Flüchtlinge – eine Näherung anhand qualitativer und quantitativer Forschung in der Stadt Bielefeld T2 - Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz N2 - Unbegleitete minderjährige Flüchtlinge (UMF) sind Kinder oder Jugendliche unter 18 Jahren, die sich ohne Begleitung eines für sie zuständigen Vormundes auf die Flucht begeben. Internationale Studien zeigen, dass minderjährige unbegleitete Flüchtlinge eine besondere Risikogruppe darstellen. Empirische Ergebnisse über die gesundheitliche Situation von unbegleiteten minderjährigen Flüchtlingen in Deutschland in der aktuellen Situation sind kaum vorhanden. Ziel dieses Beitrags ist die Beschreibung der gesundheitlichen Situation und Versorgung von unbegleiteten minderjährigen Flüchtlingen in Bielefeld. Dafür werden zwei qualitative und eine quantitative Studie aus Bielefeld genutzt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die gesundheitliche Versorgung von unbegleiteten minderjährigen Flüchtlingen Besonderheiten unterliegt und weisen vor allem auf zwei spezifische (medizinische) Bedarfe hin: die psychische/psychiatrische Versorgung und die Versorgung von Infektionskrankheiten. Weitere Herausforderungen in der gesundheitlichen Versorgung ergeben sich aus der spezifischen Situation der unbegleiteten minderjährigen Flüchtlinge und schließen die rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen sowie sprachliche und kulturelle Kompetenzen auf Seiten der Versorger und auf Seiten der unbegleiteten minderjährigen Flüchtlinge ein. N2 - Unaccompanied minor refugees are children or adolescents below the age of 18 years who are not accompanied by their parents. International studies show that unaccompanied minor refugees represent a special risk group. Currently, empirical study results about the health status of unaccompanied minor refugees barely exist for Germany. Therefore, the goal of this article is an assessment of the health status and health care of unaccompanied minor refugees in Bielefeld, Germany. For this purpose, two qualitative studies and one quantitative study from Bielefeld are used. Results demonstrate that the health care of unaccompanied minor refugees underlies certain peculiarities that indicate major medical needs: Firstly, the need for psychological/psychiatric care and secondly the need for health care regarding infectious diseases. Further challenges in the health care needs of this population group result from its specific situation, and comprise legal conditions, as well as language and cultural competencies on behalf of the health care providers and the unaccompanied minor refugees themselves. KW - Unbegleitete minderjährige Flüchtlinge KW - Gesundheitliche Versorgung KW - Gesundheitssituation KW - Medizinische Bedarfe KW - Infektionskrankheiten Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-016-2339-2 SN - 1436-9990 VL - 59 IS - 5 SP - 636 EP - 641 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Subbotina, Maria A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Mikhailova, Lyudmila A1 - Losev, Daniil T1 - The influence of postagrogenic transformation on biological properties of soddy shallow clay loam podzolic soil in the Preduralie. T2 - Agriculture & Forestry Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.17707/AgricultForest.62.1.06 SN - 1800-6492 VL - 62 IS - 1 SP - 59 EP - 63 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grosser, Angelique A1 - Razum, Oliver A1 - Vrijkotte, Tanja G. M. A1 - Hinz, Ina-Merle A1 - Spallek, Jacob T1 - Inclusion of migrants and ethnic minorities in European birth cohort studies - a scoping review T2 - The European Journal of Public Health N2 - Background: Migrant and ethnic minority groups constitute substantial parts of European populations. They frequently experience health disadvantages relative to the respective majority populations. Birth cohort studies can help to disentangle social and biological factors producing these health inequalities over the life course. We investigated whether birth cohorts in European countries (i) assess migration history and ethnicity in the study design; and (ii) use this information in data analyses. Methods: A scoping review was performed in which European birth cohort studies were identified using dedicated web-based registries, MEDLINE and EMBASE. Two reviewers systematically assessed all identified birth cohorts and selected those fulfilling defined inclusion criteria (e.g. enrolment after 1980). Publications and websites were screened for information on the inclusion of migrants and ethnic minorities. To obtain more detailed information, researchers of enrolled birth cohorts were contacted individually. Results: Eighty-eight birth cohorts were identified in 20 European countries, with more than 486 250 children enrolled in total. Sixty-two studies (70.5%) reported collecting data about migration history or ethnic background. Twenty-three studies (26%) used information on migration history or ethnicity for data analyses or plan to do so in future. Conclusion: The majority of European birth cohorts assessed participants’ migration history or ethnic background; however, this information was seldom used for comparative analyses in trying to disentangle reasons for health inequalities. Also, heterogeneous indicators were used. Better use of data already available, as well as harmonization of data collection on migration history and ethnicity, could yield interesting insights into the production of health inequalities. KW - migrants KW - ethnic minorities KW - birth cohort KW - review Y1 - 2016 UR - http://eurpub.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2016/06/03/eurpub.ckw068 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckw068 SN - 1464-360X VL - 26 IS - 6 SP - 984 EP - 991 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berens, Eva-Maria A1 - Reder, Maren A1 - Razum, Oliver A1 - Kolip, Petra A1 - Spallek, Jacob T1 - Informed Choice in the German Mammography Screening Program by Education and Migrant Status: Survey among First-Time Invitees T2 - PLOS ONE N2 - Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among women and mammography screening programs are seen as a key strategy to reduce breast cancer mortality. In Germany, women are invited to the population-based mammography screening program between ages 50 to 69. It is still discussed whether the benefits of mammography screening outweigh its harms. Therefore, the concept of informed choice comprising knowledge, attitude and intention has gained importance. The objective of this observational study was to assess the proportion of informed choices among women invited to the German mammography screening program for the first time. A representative sample of 17,349 women aged 50 years from a sub-region of North Rhine Westphalia was invited to participate in a postal survey. Turkish immigrant women were oversampled. The effects of education level and migration status on informed choice and its components were assessed. 5,847 (33.7%) women responded to the postal questionnaire of which 4,113 were used for analyses. 31.5% of the women had sufficient knowledge. The proportion of sufficient knowledge was lower among immigrants and among women with low education levels. The proportion of women making informed choices was low (27.1%), with similar associations with education level and migration status. Women of low (OR 2.75; 95% CI 2.18–3.46) and medium education level (OR 1.49; 95% CI 1.27–1.75) were more likely to make an uninformed choice than women of high education level. Turkish immigrant women had the greatest odds for making an uninformed choice (OR 5.30, 95% CI 1.92–14.66) compared to non-immigrant women. Other immigrant women only had slightly greater odds for making an uninformed choice than non-immigrant women. As immigrant populations and women with low education level have been shown to have poor knowledge, they need special attention in measures to increase knowledge and thus informed choices. KW - German Mammography Screening Program Y1 - 2015 UR - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4631499/ U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0142316 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 10 IS - 11 SP - 1 EP - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Albrecht, Eike A1 - Zschiegner, André T1 - Zeichnungsschärfe in der regionalplanerischen standortsteuerung für Windkraftanlagen - was ist rechtlich zulässig? T2 - UPR Umwelt- und Planungsrecht KW - Planungsrecht Y1 - 2016 SN - 0721-7390 VL - 36 IS - 5 SP - 171 EP - 180 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Teller, Marco A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Hirt, Gerhard T1 - A compression-torsion-wear-test achieving contact pressures of up to eight times the initial flow stress of soft aluminium T2 - CIRP Annals - Manufacturing Technology Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirp.2015.04.086 SN - 0007-8506 VL - 64 IS - 1 SP - 289 EP - 292 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Heppner, Stephan A1 - Steinmetz, D. A1 - Roters, Franz T1 - Assessing and ensuring parameter identifiability for a physically-based strain hardening model for twinning-induced plasticity T2 - Mechanics of Materials Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mechmat.2015.01.019 SN - 0167-6636 VL - 84 SP - 127 EP - 139 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Seuren, Simon T1 - On instabilities of force and grain size predictions in the simulation of multi-pass hot rolling processes T2 - Journal of Materials Processing Technology Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2014.07.018 SN - 0924-0136 VL - 216 SP - 95 EP - 113 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Steger, Jette A1 - Fischer, Saskia M. T1 - Die Genauigkeit des Lehrerurteils bei der Identifikation von an Mobbing beteiligten Schülerinnen und Schülern T2 - Psychologie in Erziehung und Unterricht N2 - Gegenstand der Studie ist die Güte des Lehrerurteils bei der Wahrnehmung von täter-­ und opferbezogenem Mobbing­Verhalten. Geprüft werden das Ausmaß der Über-­ sowie Unterschätzung des Anteils der beteiligten Schülerinnen und Schüler, die individuelle Übereinstimmung des Fremdurteils mit den Selbstangaben und der Einfluss verschiedener Moderatoren auf die Genauigkeit des Urteils. Analysiert werden Befragungsdaten von n = 85 Klassenlehrkräften und n = 1401 Schülerinnen und Schülern. Die anteilige Verbreitung von Täter­ und Opfererfahrungen pro Klasse wird durch die Lehrkräfte leicht überschätzt, die Übereinstimmung zwischen Lehrer­ und Schülerurteil auf individueller Ebene fällt gering aus. Einfluss auf die Genauigkeit des Lehrerurteils zum Täterstatus haben die schulischen Leistungen der Schülerinnen und Schüler. Die Ergebnisse werden hinsichtlich ihrer Implikationen für den Umgang mit dem Phänomen Mobbing an Schulen und für die Lehreraus-­ und -­fortbildung diskutiert. N2 - The subject of this study is the accuracy of teacher judgements regarding identi cation of perpetration and victimisation behaviour in schools. We examine whether the portion of invol­ ved pupils is overestimated or underestimated, the agreement among pupils’ and teachers’ percep­ tions at the individual level, and factors in uencing the accuracy of teacher judgements. Partici­ pants were n = 85 class teachers and n = 1401 pupils. Results indicate that teachers are overestimating the number of pupils involved in bullying as victims or bullies slightly, while agreement between pupils’ and teachers’ judgements is low at the individual level. Teachers’ judgements of perpetration behaviour are in uenced by pupils’ school performance. Results are discussed in terms of their implications for handling bullying in schools and for teacher education and training. KW - Schüler­mobbing KW - Viktimisierung KW - Lehrer KW - Akkuratheit von Lehrerurteilen KW - Gewalt an Schulen KW - Bullying KW - victimisation KW - teacher KW - accuracy of teacher judgements KW - school violence Y1 - 2016 UR - http://www.reinhardt-verlag.de/en/einzelheft/50330/ U6 - https://doi.org/10.2378/peu2016.art08d SN - 0342-183X IS - 2 SP - 1 EP - 15 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Güvenç, Onur A1 - Roters, Franz A1 - Hickel, Tilmann A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - ICME for Crashworthiness of TWIP Steels: From Ab Initio to the Crash Performance T2 - JOM Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-014-1192-8 SN - 1047-4838 SN - 1543-1851 VL - 67 IS - 1 SP - 120 EP - 128 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Niproschke, Saskia A1 - Oertel, Lars A1 - Schubarth, Wilfried A1 - Ulbricht, Juliane A1 - Bilz, Ludwig T1 - Mehr oder weniger Gewalt an Schulen? Eine Replikationsstudie T2 - Zeitschrift für Soziologie der Erziehung und Sozialisation N2 - Der verbreiteten Annahme einer ständigen Gewaltzunahme an Schulen stehen bisher nur wenige Studien im Zeitvergleich gegenüber. Der vorliegende Beitrag will diese Lücke schließen, indem er Ergebnisse einer aktuellen Replikationsstudie vorstellt und damit die Frage beantwortet, ob die Gewalt an Schulen im Vergleich zur Mitte der 1990er Jahre zu- oder abgenommen hat. Anhand einer repräsentativen sächsischen Stichprobe zeigt sich, dass im Jahr 2014 im Vergleich zu 1996 über weniger Gewalt an Schulen berichtet wird. Dies betrifft die Gewalt unter Schüler(inne)n und die Gewalt gegen Lehrkräfte. Parallel hat die Interventionsbereitschaft unter der Lehrer- und Schülerschaft zugenommen. Zugleich macht die Studie auf differente Entwicklungstrends zwischen den Schülergruppen aufmerksam. Trotz eines insgesamt niedrigen Gewaltniveaus im Vergleich zur Mitte der 1990er Jahre legen die Befunde den Schluss nahe, bei den Präventionsbemühungen nicht nachzulassen. N2 - Very few studies have investigated the widely held assumption that violence in schools has constantly increased in recent years. The current study aims to fill this gap by presenting results of a recent replication study in Germany, as well as answering the question as to whether violence in schools increased or decreased in comparison with the mid-1990s. Based on a representative sample of Saxon students, this study shows that less violence was reported in schools in 2014 compared to 1996. This relates to both violence among students and their violent actions against teachers. Moreover, the willingness of teachers and students to intervene has increased. At the same time, this study draws attention to developmental trends between groups of students. Despite a general low level of violence in schools compared to the mid- 1990s, the findings suggest that prevention efforts must be continued. KW - violence in schools KW - bullying KW - time trends KW - student violence KW - intervention KW - Gewalt an Schulen KW - Mobbing an Schulen KW - Zeitvergleich KW - Schülergewalt KW - Intervention Y1 - 2016 UR - http://www.beltz.de/fachmedien/erziehungs_und_sozialwissenschaften/zeitschriften/zeitschrift_fuer_soziologie_der_erziehung_und_sozialisation/article/Journal.html?tx_beltz_journal%5Barticle%5D=32535&cHash=9b4b542b181a4bb134a014df3908c595 SN - 1436-1957 SN - 0720-4361 VL - 36 IS - 1 SP - 78 EP - 96 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klinger, Don A. A1 - Freeman, John G. A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Liiv, Krystine A1 - Ramelow, Daniela A1 - Sebok, Stefanie S. A1 - Samdal, Oddrun A1 - Dür, Wolfgang A1 - Rassmussen, Mette T1 - Cross-national trends in perceived school pressure by gender and age from 1994 to 2010 T2 - European Journal of Public Health N2 - Background: Pressure within school can be a critical component in understanding how the school experience influences young people’s intellectual development, physical and mental health and future educational decisions. Methods: Data from five survey rounds (1993/1994, 1997/1998, 2001/2002, 2005/2006 and 2009/2010) were used to examine time-, age- and gender-related trends in the amounts of reported school pressure among 11-, 13- and 15-year-olds, in five different regions (North America, Great Britain, Eastern Europe, Nordic and Germanic countries). Results: Across the regions the reported perceptions of school pressure did not change between 1994 and 2010, despite a temporary increase in 2002 and 2006. With the exception of children at 11 years of age, girls reported higher levels of school pressure than boys (Cohen’s d from 0.12 to 0.58) and school pressure was higher in older age groups. These findings were consistent across countries. Regionally, children in North America reported the highest levels of school pressure, and students in the Germanic countries the lowest. Conclusion: Factors associated with child development and differences in societal expectations and structures, along with the possible, albeit, differential impact of the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), may partially explain the differences and trends found in school pressure. School pressure increases alongside the onset of adolescence and the shift from elementary school to the higher demanding expectations of secondary education. Time-related increases in school pressure occurred in the years following the release of the PISA results, and were larger in those regions in which results were less positive. Y1 - 2015 UR - http://eurpub.oxfordjournals.org/content/25/suppl_2/51 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckv027 SN - 1464-360X SN - 1101-1262 VL - 25 IS - Suppl 2 SP - 51 EP - 56 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Russig, Christoph A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Hirt, Gerhard T1 - A New Tool Concept for Rotary Peen Forming with Defined Impact Positions T2 - Key Engineering Materials Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.504-506.925 SN - 1662-9795 VL - 504-506 SP - 925 EP - 930 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Hähne, Cornelia A1 - Oertel, Lars A1 - Melzer, Wolfgang T1 - Wie gesund sind deutsche Schulen? Entwicklungstrends von 2002 bis 2010 T2 - Das Gesundheitswesen N2 - Ziel der Studie: Analyse der Entwicklungstrends von Schülerbefindlichkeiten (Schulzufriedenheit, Schulische Belastungen) und gesundheitsrelevanten Schulumweltmerkmalen (Unterrichtsqualität, Mitschülerunterstützung) von 2002 bis 2010 in Deutschland. Methodik: Es werden die Daten der HBSC-Erhebungen in Deutschland analysiert. Schriftlich befragt wurde eine repräsentative Auswahl deutscher 11-, 13- und 15-jähriger Schülerinnen und Schüler in den Jahren 2002, 2006 und 2010. Die Auswertung der Daten erfolgt mittels logistischer und linearer Regressionsanalysen. Neben dem Erhebungszeitpunkt werden das Alter, das Geschlecht und die Schulform als Hintergrundvariablen berücksichtigt. Ergebnisse: Von 2002 zu 2010 ist ein Anstieg der wahrgenommenen Unterrichtsqualität und der Schulzufriedenheit zu verzeichnen. Die Unterstützung zwischen den Schülern ist leicht zurückgegangen, bei den Belastungen durch schulische Anforderungen ergeben sich keine Veränderungen. Schlussfolgerungen: Die beobachteten Trends werden vor dem Hintergrund der fast parallel durchgeführten PISA-Studien und den verstärkten Anstrengungen um eine Setting-bezogene Gesundheitsförderung an deutschen Schulen diskutiert. N2 - Objective: This study aims to analyse the time trends of several conditions of the school environment (satisfaction with school, school demands, quality of instruction, classmate support) in Germany that are known to affect the health of pupils. Methods: We used the national German data of the Health-Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) studies conducted in the years 2002, 2006 und 2010. The time trends of these four var­iables are described by using linear and logistic regression analyses considering survey year, age group (11, 13, 15 years), gender, and school track as independent variables. Results: We found an increase of the perceived quality of instruction and of the student’s satisfaction with school from the year 2002 to the year 2010. Furthermore, pupils report slightly less support from their classmates in the present survey compared to 2002. There are no changes in the reported demands. Conclusion: These trend results are discussed in the light of the impact of the PISA study and the efforts to implement settings-based health promoting schools in Germany. KW - Gesundheit KW - Schule KW - Trends KW - HBSC KW - Gesundheitsförderung KW - health KW - school KW - time trends KW - HBSC KW - health promotion Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1312645 SN - 0949-7013 VL - 74 IS - Suppl. 1 SP - 63 EP - 69 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kazak, Fedor A1 - Schleuß, Leander A1 - Ossenbrink, Ralf A1 - Michailov, Vesselin A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Particularities of testing structured sheet metals in 3-point bending tests T2 - Materials Testing N2 - Thin sheet metals from deep drawing steel DC04 are very often used in the production of car body and case parts. Quality improvement of sheet metal components by new constructive solutions (structuring) as well as adapted joining technology is going on. Structured sheet metals differ from each other by their high bending stiffness. At the same time, they show certain anisotropy due to the structure. Therefore a typical testing method of structured semi-finished parts (single sheet metals, sandwiches)is the bending test. The literature review revealed that in many studies no special demands on tests of structured materials were made. This concerns particularly the structure arrangement, structure direction and structure location of the specimen relative to the mandrel position during bending tests, i. e., the direction of the fixed load relative to the structure. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of the test specification on flexural behavior. In the present paper, honeycomb-structured sheet metals were examined using 3-point bending tests. Bending stiffness and lightweight potential were calculated with respect to the location of load application and compared for different structure arrangements,directions and locations. The influence of the anisotropy on flexural behavior of the honeycomb-patterned sheet metals was moderate. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3139/120.110883 SN - 0025-5300 SN - 2195-8572 VL - 58 IS - 6 SP - 495 EP - 500 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cohen, Julie Mark A1 - Wetzk, Volker T1 - Failures of US bridge rocker bearings T2 - Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Engineering History and Heritage N2 - Bridge bearings made of iron or steel, first used in early railroad bridges about 150 years ago, are relatively small structural components that support the loads of bridge superstructures. Fixed bearings directly transfer forces from a bridges superstructure to its substructure. Movable bearings, such as sliding bearing plates, rollers and rockers, accommodate the thermal expansion of the superstructure without transferring it to the substructure. Rocker bearings tilt to accommodate thermal movement, theoretically without imposing stresses on the substructure. This paper concerns rocker bearings which are non-redundant components and have two states: stable and toppled over. When these bearings topple over, no alternate load paths exist, which results in a failed superstructure. As such, rocker bearings are critical bridge components. An overview is given of the history of use and failures of rocker bearings from nineteenth-century railroad bridges to US highway bridges with tall and slender rocker bearings that date from the late 1950s. KW - Bridge Bearings Y1 - 2016 SN - 1757-9430 VL - 169 IS - 3 SP - 123 EP - 129 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gregorcic, Peter A1 - Sedlacek, Marko A1 - Podgornik, Bojan A1 - Reif, Jürgen T1 - Formation of laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPPS) on tool steel by multiple picosecond laser pulses of different polarizations T2 - Applied Surface Science Y1 - 2016 SN - 0169-4332 VL - 387 SP - 698 EP - 706 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Veen, Roeland C. A. van der A1 - Huisman, Sander G. A1 - Merbold, Sebastian A1 - Harlander, Uwe A1 - Egbers, Christoph A1 - Lohse, Detlef A1 - Sun, Chao T1 - Taylor Couette turbulence at radius ratio =0,5:scaling, flow structures and plumes T2 - Journal of Fluid Mechanics Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2016.352 SN - 1469-7645 SN - 0022-1120 VL - 799 SP - 334 EP - 351 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Schubarth, Wilfried A1 - Ulbricht, Juliane T1 - Der Umgang von Lehrkräften mit Schülergewalt und –mobbing: Ein Überblick über den Forschungsstand und Ausblick auf ein Forschungsprojekt T2 - Diskurs Kindheits- und Jugendforschung N2 - Wie Lehrkräfte Gewalt und Mobbing zwischen Schülern wahrnehmen, wovon ihre Reaktionen abhängen und welche Auswirkungen ihr Handeln hat, sind bislang weitgehend offene Fragen. Ausgehend von einem kompetenzorientierten Verständnis von Lehrerprofessionalität fasst dieser Beitrag die wenigen vorliegenden Forschungsbefunde zusammen und entwickelt auf dieser Grundlage ein heuristisches Modell zu den Determinanten und Auswirkungen des Interventionshandelns von Lehrkräften bei Gewalt und Mobbing. Mit Hilfe dieses Modells werden Forschungslücken sowie methodische Herausforderungen aufgezeigt und Schlussfolgerungen für zukünftige Forschungen gezogen. Y1 - 2015 UR - http://www.budrich-journals.de/index.php/diskurs/article/download/22492/19687 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3224/diskurs.v10i1.17701 SN - 1862-5002 SN - 2193-9713 VL - 10 IS - 1 SP - 99 EP - 105 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bilz, Ludwig T1 - Werden Ängste und depressive Symptome bei Kindern und Jugendlichen in der Schule übersehen? T2 - Zeitschrift für Pädagogische Psychologie N2 - Lehrkräfte können eine wichtige Rolle bei der Früherkennung psychischer Fehlentwicklungen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen spielen. Diese Studie untersucht, wie Lehrpersonen internalisierende vs. externalisierende Symptome bei Schülern wahrnehmen. Hierfür wurde 345 Sechst- und Zehntklässlern der Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) vorgelegt und parallel wurden die Lehrkräfte befragt, bei welchen zwei Schülern ihrer Klasse sie am ehesten emotionale und bei welchen zwei Schülern sie am ehesten Verhaltensstörungen vermuten. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Lehrkräfte mäßig in der Lage sind, psychische Beschwerden bei ihren Schülern wahrzunehmen. Die Übereinstimmung zwischen Lehrerurteil und Selbstangabe fällt bei externalisierenden Problemen höher aus als bei internalisierenden. Weiterhin liegen die Einschätzungen der Lehrkräfte bei Mädchen näher an den selbst berichteten Beschwerden als bei den Jungen. Es werden Schlussfolgerungen für die Lehrerprofessionalisierung und für zukünftige Forschungsbemühungen präsentiert. KW - psychische Gesundheit KW - Früherkennung KW - Lehrer-Schüler-Beziehung KW - Lehrerexpertise KW - internalisierende Störung Y1 - 2014 UR - http://econtent.hogrefe.com/doi/abs/10.1024/1010-0652/a000118 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1024/1010-0652/a000118 SN - 1010-0652 SN - 1664-2910 VL - 28 IS - 1/2 SP - 57 EP - 62 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bilz, Ludwig T1 - Die Bedeutung des Klassenklimas für internalisierende Auffälligkeiten von 11- bis 15-Jährigen: Selbstkognitionen als Vermittlungsvariablen T2 - Psychologie in Erziehung und Unterricht N2 - The present cross-sectional study examines the relevance of the school setting for internalizing problems of pupils. Objectives: Does a negative class climate lead to increased levels of depression and anxiety in youth? Is this association between class climate and internalizing problems mediated by the pupils’ self-concept? Methods: For this, 4367 girls and boys from 221 classes (grades 5, 7, and 9) in Saxony were surveyed by means of questionnaires. Results: Multilevel regression analyses show that symptoms of depression, anxiety and psychosomatic complaints are associated with class climate at the individual level. The strongest increases in problems can be found when pupils report being bullied or having overloading curricular demands. Self-cognition as a mediator can only partly account for this relation. Conclusions: Implications for the school-based prevention of internalizing problems are discussed. N2 - Der Beitrag geht dem Einfluss des schulischen Umfelds auf internalisierende Auffälligkeiten von Jugendlichen nach. Fragestellungen: Geht eine negative Ausrichtung des Klassenklimas mit einem Anstieg von Ängsten und depressiven Symptomen bei Schülerinnen und Schülern einher? Vermittelt das Selbstkonzept den Zusammenhang zwischen Klassenklima und internalisierenden Auffälligkeiten? Methoden: Schriftliche Querschnittsbefragung von 4367 Fünft-, Siebent- und Neuntklässlern aus 221 Klassen in Sachsen. Ergebnisse: Mehrebenenanalytische Regressionen zeigen, dass das Klassenklima auf Schülerebene mit emotionalen Problemen in Verbindung steht. Mit dem stärksten Anstieg der Beschwerden gehen hierbei Erfahrungen als Opfer von Mitschüler-Mobbing und überfordernde Lernbedingungen einher. Die Selbstkognitionen vermitteln nur einen Teil dieses Zusammenhangs. Schlussfolgerungen: Es werden Implikationen für die Prävention emotionaler Probleme in der Schule diskutiert. KW - Emotional disorders KW - adolescent development KW - schools KW - class climate KW - self concept KW - Emotionale Störung KW - Entwicklung im Jugendalter KW - Schule KW - Klassenklima KW - Selbstkonzept Y1 - 2013 UR - http://www.reinhardt-journals.de/index.php/peu/article/view/1719 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2378/peu2013.art06d SN - 0342-183X IS - 4 SP - 282 EP - 294 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bailly, David A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Hirt, Gerhard A1 - Pofahl, Thorsten A1 - Herkrath, Ralf A1 - Heyden, Hans A1 - Trautz, Martin T1 - Manufacturing of Innovative Self-supporting Sheet-metal Structures Representing Freeform Surfaces T2 - Procedia CIRP Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2014.06.106 SN - 2212-8271 VL - 18 SP - 51 EP - 56 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Daamen, Markus A1 - Güvenç, Onur A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Hirt, Gerhard T1 - Development of efficient production routes based on strip casting for advanced high strength steels for crash-relevant parts T2 - CIRP Annals – Manufacturing Technology Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirp.2014.03.025 SN - 0007-8506 VL - 63 IS - 1 SP - 265 EP - 268 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stille, Sebastian A1 - Pöplau, Julia A1 - Beck, Tilmann A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Hirt, Gerhard A1 - Singheiser, Lorenz T1 - Very high cycle fatigue behavior of riblet structured Alclad 2024 thin sheets T2 - International Journal of Fatigue Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2014.01.023 SN - 0142-1123 VL - 63 SP - 183 EP - 190 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Pietryga, Michael P. A1 - Mikloweit, Alexander A1 - Hirt, Gerhard T1 - A finite element framework for the evolution of bond strength in joining-by-forming processes T2 - Journal of Materials Processing Technology Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2014.03.015 SN - 0924-0136 VL - 214 IS - 10 SP - 2156 EP - 2168 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoppe, Annette A1 - Ganßauge, Rico T1 - Arbeitsplatzgestaltung bei Überwachungstätigkeiten – Grundlagen für zukünftiges Handeln durch Vigilanzforschung T2 - Zeitschrift für Arbeitswissenschaft N2 - Verstärkter internationaler Wettbewerbsdruck treibt eine Umgestaltung von industrieller Produktion und Dienstleistungen in Hochlohnländern wie Deutschland voran. Es entstehen neue technische Möglichkeiten durch dezentrale Steuerung, hochgradige Vernetzung und den verstärkten Einsatz von Robotik und Automatisierung. Dies wird häufig unter dem Schlagwort „Industrie 4.0“ zusammengefasst (Spath et al. 2013). Im Zuge dessen werden sich Tätigkeitsinhalte verändern. Bei hoher Automatisierung können erhebliche Anteile entstehen, in denen ein Bediener die Technik überwacht. Dies kann zu herabgesetzter Vigilanz als unerwünschter Folge dieser Belastung führen (DIN EN ISO 10075-1: 2015, S. 8). Um diesen Effekten entgegenzuwirken, können Gestaltungsmaßnahmen sowohl auf Arbeitsinhalte als auch auf die Arbeitsumgebung angewendet werden. Einen möglichen Ansatz bildet die Gestaltung der Beleuchtungsbedingungen. Dazu wurde ein Laborexperiment konzipiert, welches eine simulierte Überwachungsaufgabe tagsüber unter unterschiedlicher Beleuchtungscharakteristik durchführte. Vielversprechend erschien der Einsatz von kurzwelligem Licht (λ = 380–580 nm), da hierzu Vorerkenntnisse eine mögliche positive Wirkung nahelegten. Die Ergebnisse des Laborexperiments zur Wirkung dieser Bedingungen auf die Vigilanz des Menschen werden dargestellt und daraus abgeleitete Gestaltungsempfehlungen für Arbeitsinhalt und -umgebung aufgezeigt. Eine ausführliche Darstellung der Untersuchung und der abgeleiteten Erkenntnisse findet sich bei Ganßauge (2016). Praktische Relevanz Die Tätigkeit in einer hoch automatisierten Umgebung wird häufig in Leitwarten ausgeführt. Oft sind diese auch tagsüber künstlich beleuchtet. Ein Tageslichtbezug soll angestrebt werden, stellt jedoch nicht die Hauptbeleuchtungsquelle dar (DIN EN 12464-1: 2011). Folgen dieser Tätigkeit kann eine herabgesetzte Vigilanz bis hin zu Fehlhandlungen und schwerwiegenden Auswirkungen auf die Sicherheit und Zuverlässigkeit des Anlagenbetriebes sein (Reason 1994). In der arbeitsgestalterischen Praxis bieten sich die Gestaltung der Arbeitsumgebung und die Veränderung der Tätigkeit selbst als Ansatzpunkte für Gestaltungsmaßnahmen an. Aus den im Experiment gewonnenen Erkenntnissen wurden Leitfragen zur Begleitung von Automatisierungsprojekten erstellt und Hinweise für die Beleuchtungsgestaltung abgeleitet. Damit kann die menschgerechte Gestaltung bei Überwachungstätigkeiten in Leitwarten unterstützt werden. KW - Automatisierung KW - Überwachungstätigkeit KW - Industrie 4.0 KW - Vigilanz KW - Beleuchtung KW - Tätigkeitsgestaltung Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s41449-016-0017-8 SN - 2366-4681 VL - 70 IS - 2 SP - 108 EP - 114 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Almohallami, Amer A1 - Rusch, Michael A1 - Vucetic, Milan A1 - Bouguecha, Anas A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Behrens, Bernd-Arno T1 - Joining by Upset Bulging at Elevated Temperatures T2 - Advanced Materials Research KW - Finite element method (FEM) Joining KW - Metal forming KW - Joining Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.1140.115 SN - 1662-8985 IS - 1140 SP - 115 EP - 122 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Bücker, H. Martin A1 - Heppner, Stephan A1 - Herty, Michael A1 - Vladimirov, Ivaylo N. T1 - Characteristics of testing conditions for constitutive models in metal plasticity T2 - Journal of Engineering Mathematics Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10665-013-9681-2 SN - 1573-2703 SN - 0022-0833 VL - 88 IS - 1 SP - 99 EP - 119 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lohmar, Johannes A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Hirt, Gerhard A1 - Kiefer, Thomas A1 - Kotliba, Daniel T1 - The Precise Prediction of Rolling Forces in Heavy Plate Rolling Based on Inverse Modeling Techniques T2 - Steel Research International Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.201300431 SN - 1869-344X VL - 85 IS - 11 SP - 1525 EP - 1532 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Güvenç, Onur A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Hirt, Gerhard T1 - Coupling of Crystal Plasticity Finite Element and Phase Field Methods for the Prediction of SRX Kinetics after Hot Working T2 - Steel Research International Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.201300191 SN - 1869-344X VL - 85 IS - 6 SP - 999 EP - 1009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Köhler, Ekkehard A1 - Strehler, Martin T1 - Traffic signal optimization: combining static and dynamic models T2 - arXiv.org N2 - In this paper, we present a cyclically time-expanded network model for simultaneous optimization of traffic assignment and traffic signal parameters, in particular offsets, split times, and phase orders. Since travel times are of great importance for developing realistic solutions for traffic assignment and traffic signal coordination in urban road networks, we perform an extensive analysis of the model. We show that a linear time-expanded model can reproduce realistic travel times especially for use with traffic signals and we verify this by simulation. Furthermore, we show how exact mathematical programming techniques can be used for optimizing the control of traffic signals. We provide computational results for real world instances and demonstrate the capabilities of the cyclically time-expanded by simulation results obtained with state-of-the-art traffic simulation tools. KW - Discrete Mathematics Y1 - 2015 UR - http://arxiv.org/abs/1509.08709 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Laschet, Gottfried A1 - Shukla, Mohit A1 - Henke, Thomas A1 - Fayek, Patrick A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Prahl, Ulrich T1 - Impact of the Microstructure on the U–O Forming Simulations of a Ferrite–Pearlite Pipeline Tube T2 - Steel Research International Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.201300247 SN - 1869-344X VL - 85 IS - 6 SP - 1083 EP - 1098 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Voswinckel, Holger A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Hirt, Gerhard T1 - Improving geometrical accuracy for flanging by incremental sheet metal forming T2 - International Journal of Material Forming Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12289-014-1182-y SN - 1960-6206 SN - 1960-6214 VL - 8 IS - 3 SP - 391 EP - 399 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mertin, Chris A1 - Naumov, Andreas A1 - Mosecker, Linda A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Hirt, Gerhard T1 - Influence of the Process Temperature on the Properties of Friction Stir Welded Blanks Made of Mild Steel and Aluminum T2 - Key Engineering Materials Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.611-612.1429 SN - 1662-9795 SN - 1013-9826 VL - 611-612 SP - 1429 EP - 1436 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwan, Christian A1 - Strehler, Martin T1 - Energy-efficient Routing of Hybrid Vehicles T2 - arXiv.org N2 - We consider a constrained shortest path problem with two resources. These two resources can be converted into each other in a particular manner. Our practical application is the energy optimal routing of hybrid vehicles. Due to the possibility of converting fuel into electric energy this setting adds new characteristics and new combinatorial possibilities to the common constrained shortest path problem (CSP). We formulate the resulting problem as a generalization of CSP. We show that optimal paths in this model may contain cycles and we state conditions to prevent them. The main contribution is a polynomial-time approximation scheme and a simpler approximation algorithm for computing energy-optimal paths in graphs. KW - Discrete Mathematics Y1 - 2016 UR - http://arxiv.org/abs/1601.02371 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Re-Meshing in Finite Element Simulations of Hot Working Including a Microstructural Evolution Model T2 - Key Engineering Materials Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.611-612.505 SN - 1662-9795 SN - 1013-9826 VL - 611-612 SP - 505 EP - 512 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Henke, Thomas A1 - Hirt, Gerhard A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Application of a Material Model to Predict Rolling Forces and Microstructure during a Hot Ring Rolling Process T2 - Materials Science Forum Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.762.354 SN - 1662-9752 VL - 762 SP - 354 EP - 359 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Voswinckel, Holger A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Hirt, Gerhard T1 - Process Limits of Stretch and Shrink Flanging by Incremental Sheet Metal Forming T2 - Key Engineering Materials Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.549.45 SN - 1662-9795 VL - 549 SP - 45 EP - 52 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Russig, Christoph A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Hirt, Gerhard T1 - Experimental Investigations of Different Tool Concepts for Rotary Peen Forming T2 - Key Engineering Materials Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.549.53 SN - 1662-9795 VL - 549 SP - 53 EP - 60 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mosecker, Linda A1 - Göttmann, Alexander A1 - Saeed-Akbari, Alireza A1 - Bleck, Wolfgang A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Hirt, Gerhard T1 - Deformation Mechanisms of Ti6Al4V Sheet Material during the Incremental Sheet Forming with Laser Heating T2 - Key Engineering Materials Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.549.372 SN - 1662-9795 VL - 549 SP - 372 EP - 380 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Henke, Thomas A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Hirt, Gerhard T1 - Die and process design for hot forging of a gear wheel – a case study T2 - Key Engineering Materials Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.554-557.307 SN - 1662-9795 VL - 554-557 SP - 307 EP - 316 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Heinkenschloss, Matthias A1 - Herty, Michael T1 - A Method for Model Identification and Parameter Estimation T2 - Inverse Problems Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/0266-5611/29/2/025009 SN - 1361-6420 SN - 0266-5611 VL - 29 IS - 2 SP - 025009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Güvenç, Onur A1 - Henke, Thomas A1 - Laschet, Gottfried A1 - Böttger, Bernd A1 - Apel, Markus A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Hirt, Gerhard T1 - Modeling of Static Recrystallization Kinetics by Coupling Crystal Plasticity FEM and Multiphase Field Calculations T2 - Computer Methods in Material Science Y1 - 2013 SN - 1641-8581 VL - 13 IS - 2 SP - 368 EP - 374 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Göttmann, Alexander A1 - Bailly, David A1 - Bergweiler, Georg A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Stollenwerk, Jochen A1 - Hirt, Gerhard A1 - Loosen, P. T1 - A novel approach for temperature control in ISF supported by laser and resistance heating T2 - The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-012-4640-z SN - 0268-3768 SN - 1433-3015 VL - 67 IS - 9 SP - 2195 EP - 2205 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lohmar, Johannes A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Karhausen, Kai-Friedrich T1 - Influence of Microstructure Representation on Flow Stress and Grain Size Prediction in Through-Process Modeling of AA5182 Sheet Production T2 - JOM Journal of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-012-0485-z VL - 65 IS - 1 SP - 93 EP - 98 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Deli, Housein A1 - Reichardt, Tilo A1 - Demant, Andreas A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Diaco, Mike A1 - Lüling, Axel A1 - Köhler, Günter T1 - Nanoskalierte Schmiermitteladditive ermöglichen Leistungssteigerung beim Gesenkschmieden T2 - Stahl und Eisen Y1 - 2012 SN - 0340-479x VL - 132 IS - 7 SP - 55 EP - 65 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Henke, Thomas A1 - Hirt, Gerhard A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Optimization of a Closed Die Forging Process to Manufacture a Gear Wheel by the Use of a Response Surface Model T2 - Advanced Materials Research Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.922.254 SN - 1662-8985 SN - 1022-6680 VL - 922 SP - 254 EP - 259 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Pietryga, Michael P. A1 - Mikloweit, Alexander A1 - Hirt, Gerhard A1 - Karhausen, Kai-Friedrich T1 - Finite Element Implementation of a Bonding Model and Application to Roll Bonding of Aluminum Sheets of Largely Different Yield Strength T2 - Materials Science Forum Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.783-786.644 SN - 1662-9752 SN - 0255-5476 VL - 783-786 SP - 644 EP - 650 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Russig, Christoph A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Hirt, Gerhard A1 - Holtmann, N. T1 - Shot peen forming of fiber metal laminates on the example of GLARE® T2 - International Journal of Material Forming Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12289-013-1137-8 SN - 1960-6206 SN - 1960-6214 VL - 7 IS - 4 SP - 425 EP - 438 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Implications from the Poliak–Jonas criterion for the construction of flow stress models incorporating dynamic recrystallization T2 - Acta Materialia Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2013.07.006 SN - 1359-6454 VL - 61 IS - 16 SP - 6222 EP - 6233 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Göttmann, Alexander A1 - Mertin, Chris A1 - Mosecker, Linda A1 - Naumov, Andreas A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Properties of Friction Stir Welded Blanks Made from DC04 Mild Steel and Aluminum AA6016 T2 - Advanced Materials Research Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.769.237 SN - 1662-8985 SN - 1022-6680 VL - 769 SP - 237 EP - 244 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Henke, Thomas A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Hirt, Gerhard T1 - Quantification of uncertainties in grain size predictions of a microstructure-based flow stress model and application to gear wheel forging T2 - CIRP Annals - Manufacturing Technology Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirp.2013.03.121 SN - 0007-8506 SN - 1726-0604 VL - 62 IS - 1 SP - 287 EP - 290 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vladimirov, Ivaylo N. A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Herty, Michael A1 - Bücker, H. Martin T1 - Identification of optimal material models and parameters in finite strain plasticity T2 - Proceedings in applied mathematics and mechanics : PAMM Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.201310163 SN - 1617-7061 VL - 13 IS - 1 SP - 335 EP - 336 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Grzibovskis, Richards T1 - Analysis of optimal metal flow in incremental sheet forming T2 - Proceedings in applied mathematics and mechanics : PAMM Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.201310161 VL - 13 IS - 1 SP - 331 EP - 332 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Conditions for Consistent Implementation of Flow Stress Models Incorporating Dynamic Recrystallization into Finite Element Simulation Codes T2 - Materials Science Forum Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.762.325 SN - 1662-9752 SN - 0255-5476 VL - 762 SP - 325 EP - 330 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lohmar, Johannes A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Influence of Different Interpolation Techniques on the Determination of the Critical Conditions for the Onset of Dynamic Recrystallisation T2 - Materials Science Forum Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.762.331 SN - 1662-9752 SN - 0255-5476 VL - 762 SP - 331 EP - 336 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Recent trends in metal forming: From process simulation and microstructure control in classical forming processes to hybrid combinations between forming and additive manufacturing T2 - Journal of Machine Engineering Y1 - 2016 SN - 1895-7595 VL - 16 IS - 2 SP - 5 EP - 17 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bradler, Katharina A1 - Sperber, Oranna T1 - Kommunizieren - reagieren - fühlen. Neue Anregungen für die Musizierpraxis in Streicherklassen und (großen) Gruppen T2 - Üben & musizieren Y1 - 2016 UR - http://www.schott-musikpaedagogik.de/de_DE/material/instrument/um/current/showarticle,41428.html SN - 0174-6065 IS - 4 SP - 16 EP - 21 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bradler, Katharina T1 - Hast Du noch alle Sinne beisammen? Methoden und Materialien für kreatives musikalisches Tun im Instrumentalunterricht T2 - Üben & musizieren KW - Instrumentalunterricht Y1 - 2016 UR - http://www.schott-musikpaedagogik.de/de_DE/material/instrument/um/current/showarticle,41431.html SN - 0174-6065 IS - 4 SP - 32 EP - 36 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Friesen, Hans T1 - Ist Kunst Freiheit? Zum Verhältnis von künstlerischer Autonomie, Markt und Kunstwerk T2 - Musikforum - Musikleben im Diskurs Y1 - 2014 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoff, Michael A1 - Harlander, Uwe A1 - Triana, Santiago Andrés T1 - Study of turbulence and interacting inertial modes in a differentially rotating sphericel shell experiment T2 - Physical Review Fluids Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.1.043701 VL - 1 IS - 4 SP - 043701 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schäfer, Stephan A1 - Berger, Ulrich A1 - Schöttke, Dirk A1 - Kämpfe, Thomas T1 - Das Zeitverhalten verteilter Anlagen T2 - atp edition - Automatisierungstechnische Praxis Y1 - 2012 SN - 2190-4111 VL - 54 IS - 10 SP - 36 EP - 43 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bradler, Katharina T1 - Streicherklassenunterricht. Geschichte – Gegenwart – Perspektiven T2 - Diskussion Musikpädagogik KW - Streicherklassenunterricht Y1 - 2010 SN - 1437-4722 IS - 46 SP - 11 EP - 14 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bradler, Katharina T1 - Meilen auf dem Meer. In die richtige Richtung rudern: Plädoyer für freiwillige Stufenvorspiele T2 - Üben & musizieren KW - Stufenvorspiele Y1 - 2011 SN - 0174-6065 IS - 5 SP - 48 EP - 51 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bradler, Katharina T1 - Diskutierst du noch oder unterrichtest du schon? Praktische Tipps für den instrumentalen Gruppen- und Klassenunterricht T2 - Üben & musizieren spezial KW - Gruppenunterricht Y1 - 2012 SN - 0174-6065 SP - 6 EP - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bradler, Katharina T1 - Eigenständig lernen. Kooperatives und selbstreguliertes Lernen – Ideen für den Instrumentalunterricht T2 - Üben & musizieren KW - kooperativ lernen Y1 - 2016 SN - 0174-6065 IS - 1 SP - 26 EP - 31 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bradler, Katharina T1 - Und was kommt nach der Pilotphase? Eine Zwischenbilanz zum Streicherklassenunterricht T2 - Üben & musizieren KW - Streicherklassenunterricht Y1 - 2010 SN - 0174-6065 IS - 4 SP - 46 EP - 49 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wulf, Ulrich A1 - Kucera, Jan A1 - Richter, Hans A1 - Wiatr, Maciej A1 - Höntschel, Jan T1 - Characterization of nanotransistors in a semiempirical model T2 - Thin Solid Films N2 - In a series of recent papers we have established a semiempirical model for quantum transport in a nanotransistor. Here we apply this model to characterize four industrial transistors with gate lengths ranging between 22 nm and 30 nm finding excellent quantitative agreement between theory and experiment. Adjusting our semiempirical model to the experimental output traces, three calibration parameters are found: First, the height of the source–drain barrier, second, the device temperature, and, third, the overlap parameter. The overlap parameter describes the wave function overlap between the source/drain contact and the conduction channel. With the aid of the calibration parameters the considered devices can be classified in three groups: A first group (G1) with good contact-channel coupling and a high saturation current, a second group (G2) with intermediate values and a third group (G3) with poor contact-channel coupling and a small saturation current. We calculate the gate capacitance of the transistors: At threshold voltage a peak of the gate capacitance is observed which is associated with a jump in the overlap parameter. This finding is most pronounced in G1, weaker in G2 and absent in G3. We attribute it to favorable screening conditions in G1 leading to a smooth transition between the contacts and the conduction channel. Our results indicate that this screening effect is favored by an efficient release of the Ohmic heat. KW - Nano-field effect transistor KW - Quantum transport KW - Semiempirical model KW - Quantitative model KW - Compact model KW - Contact-channel coupling KW - Screening properties Y1 - 2016 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040609015009190 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2015.09.041 SN - 0040-6090 VL - 613 SP - 6 EP - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Markiewicz, Richard S. A1 - Lorenzana, José T1 - Magnetic Structure of Electronic Inhomogeneities in Cuprates: Competition between Stripes and Spirals T2 - Acta Physica Polonica A N2 - It is shown that the magnetic structure of high-T c superconductors is strongly influenced by the next-nearest neighbor hopping parameter t' which distinguishes different families of cuprates. Our investigations indicate that uniform spirals get favored by a large t'=t ratio but are unstable at small doping towards stripes with spin canting. For large /t'/t/ spirals can be stabilized under certain conditions in the overdoped regime which may explain the elastic incommensurate magnetic response recently observed in iron-co-doped Bi2201 materials. Y1 - 2012 UR - https://www.researchgate.net/publication/230739012_Magnetic_Structure_of_Electron ic_Inhomogeneities_in_Cuprates_Competition_between_Stripes_and_Spirals SN - 1898-794X VL - 121 IS - 5-6 SP - 1019 EP - 1021 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Markiewicz, Richard S. A1 - Lorenzana, José T1 - Stripes with Spin Canting in the Three-Band Hubbard Model T2 - Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism N2 - In underdoped cuprates, both stripes and spiral states may account for the incommensurate spin response observed by elastic neutron scattering experiments. Here, we investigate the respective stability of both textures within the framework of the three-band Hubbard model which we treat within the unrestricted Gutzwiller approximation. Our calculations indicate that for parameter sets appropriate for lanthanum cuprates and small doping nor purely longitudinal stripes nor uniform spirals are stable but stripes with significant spin canting. Indeed at small doping uniform spirals are unstable toward nanoscale phase separation. KW - Stripes KW - Spirals KW - High-temperature superconductors Y1 - 2013 UR - http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10948-012-1701-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10948-012-1701-3 SN - 1557-1939 SN - 1557-1947 VL - 26 IS - 1 SP - 49 EP - 52 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cheng, Philip A1 - Bestehorn, Michael A1 - Firoozabadi, Abbas T1 - Effect of permeability anisotropy on density-driven flow for CO2 sequestration in saline aquifers T2 - Water Resources Research N2 - Solubility trapping of carbon dioxide (CO2) in deep saline aquifers is considered one of the most effective methods for carbon sequestration. Dissolution of CO2 into the brine may create gravitational instabilities that lead to the onset of convection, which greatly enhances the storage efficiency and reduces the possibilities of leakage. Convection appears in the form of downward traveling fingers of relatively dense, CO2-dissolved fluid. Many natural aquifer formations display considerable permeability anisotropy, where the horizontal permeability kh may be several times greater than the vertical permeability kz. It has been previously found that increasing kh for a fixed kz reduces the critical time tc at which onset occurs and the critical wavelength λc with which the fingers initially form. We extend earlier work by showing how and why this occurs. Our results reveal new insights about λc. We have studied the behavior for times greater than tc using high-resolution numerical simulations. We show that the enhanced dissolution from convection can become significant much earlier in anisotropic media. Furthermore, the effects of anisotropy may be sustained for a long period of time. Our results suggest that permeability anisotropy can allow a wider range of aquifer formations to be considered for effective sequestration. Y1 - 2012 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2012WR011939/abstract U6 - https://doi.org/10.1029/2012WR011939 SN - 1944-7973 VL - 48 IS - 9 SP - W09539 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bestehorn, Michael A1 - Firoozabadi, Abbas T1 - Effect of fluctuations on the onset of density-driven convection in porous media T2 - Physics of Fluids N2 - We study the dissolution of CO2 in saline aquifers. The long diffusion times can be accelerated by orders of magnitude from mass transfer that origins from convection.Convection occurs at a critical time via a phase transition from the horizontally homogeneous diffusion state. To start the instability, perturbations that break the horizontal translation symmetry are necessary. We start with the basic equations and the boundary conditions, examine the linearized equations around the diffusive time and z-dependent base state and compare different definitions of the critical time found in the literature. Taking a simple model we show the role of fluctuations for delayed instabilities if the control parameter is slowly swept through the bifurcation point. Apart from the critical time we use a “visible” time where convection is manifested in the vertical CO2 transport. We specify the perturbations with respect to their strength and length scale, and compute the critical times for various cases by numerical integration of the basic equations in two spatial dimensions. Fluctuating concentration at the upper boundary, fluctuating porosity as well fluctuating permeability are studied in detail. For the permeability fluctuation, the compressibility of the fluid becomes important and the velocity field cannot be derived from a stream function. Our work also includes non-isothermal conditions with a prescribed vertical geothermal gradient and space dependent thermal conductivity. Temperature fields for different standard configurations are computed numerically and serve as starting condition for density-driven convection. Based on our work, we conclude that the visible time is much larger than the critical time. The visible time is a strong function of strength and length scale of the perturbations. Y1 - 2012 UR - http://scitation.aip.org/content/aip/journal/pof2/24/11/10.1063/1.4767467 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4767467 SN - 1089-7666 VL - 24 IS - 11 SP - 114102 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reif, Jürgen A1 - Varlamova, Olga A1 - Uhlig, Sebastian A1 - Varlamov, Sergej A1 - Bestehorn, Michael T1 - On the physics of self-organized nanostructure formation upon femtosecond laser ablation T2 - Applied Physics A N2 - We present new results on femtosecond LIPSS on silicon, fostering the dynamic model of self-organized structure formation. The first set of experiments demonstrates LIPSS formation by irradiation with a femtosecond white light continuum. The ripples are, as usual, perpendicular to the light polarization with a fluence-dependent wavelength between 500 and 700 nm. At higher dose (fluence × number of shots), the LIPSS turn to much coarser structures. The second set of experiments displays the dose dependence of pattern evolution at about threshold fluence. In contrast to the general case of multi-pulse LIPSS, where a strong dependence of the structures on the laser polarization is observed, single-shot exposition of silicon at about the ablation threshold results in a concentric pattern of very regular sub-wavelength ripples following the oval shape of the irradiated spot, without any reference to the laser polarization. When increasing the number of pulses, the usual, typical ripples develop and then coalesce into broader perpendicular structures, interlaced with remnants of the first, finer ripples. Y1 - 2014 UR - http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00339-014-8339-x U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-014-8339-x SN - 0947-8396 SN - 1432-0630 VL - 117 IS - 1 SP - 179 EP - 184 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bestehorn, Michael T1 - Laterally Extended Thin Liquid Films with inertia Under External Vibrations T2 - Physics of Fluids N2 - We consider thin liquid films on a horizontal, solid, and completely wetting substrate. The substrate is subjected to oscillatory accelerations in the normal direction and/or in the horizontal direction. A linear Floquet analysis shows that the planar film surface loses stability if amplitudes and frequencies of the harmonic oscillations meet certain criteria. Based on the long wave lubrication approximation, we present an integral boundary layer model where the z component is integrated out and the spatial dimension is reduced by one. The linear stability analysis of this model shows good agreement with the exact problem and with the linearized long wave equations. Pattern formation in the nonlinear regime is computed numerically from the long wave model in two and three spatial dimensions. Normal oscillations show the traditional Faraday patterns such as squares and hexagons. Lateral oscillations cause a pattern formation scenario similar to spinodal dewetting, namely coarsening and no rupture. For certain amplitude and frequency ranges, combined lateral and normal oscillations can give rise to one or more traveling drops. Finally, we discuss the control of a drop's motion in the horizontal plane. KW - Lubrication KW - Coarsening KW - Pattern formation KW - Boundary value problems KW - Van der Waals forces Y1 - 2013 UR - http://scitation.aip.org/content/aip/journal/pof2/25/11/10.1063/1.4830255 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4830255 SN - 1089-7666 VL - 25 IS - 11 SP - 114106 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bestehorn, Michael A1 - Han, Qi A1 - Oron, Alexander T1 - Nonlinear Pattern Formation in Thin Liqiud Films Under External Vibrations T2 - Physical Review E N2 - We study a thin liquid film with a free surface on a planar horizontal substrate. The substrate is subjected to oscillatory accelerations in the normal and/or in the horizontal direction(s). The description is based on the longwave approximation including inertia effects, which are important due to the large velocities imparted by external vibrations. The linearized system is examined using the Floquet analysis. Pattern formation in the nonlinear regime is computed numerically from the longwave equations for the thickness and the flow rate of the fluid in two and in three spatial dimensions. For certain amplitude and frequency ranges, combined lateral and normal oscillations can give rise to one or more traveling drops, similar to recent experimental findings by Brunet et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 144501 (2007)]. Y1 - 2013 UR - http://journals.aps.org/pre/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevE.88.023025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.88.023025 SN - 2470-0053 VL - 88 IS - 2 SP - 023025 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bestehorn, Michael T1 - Regular Hexagons and Stripes on Marangoni and Rayleigh-Taylor unstable volatile thin films T2 - European Journal of Mechanics - B/Fluids N2 - Thin volatile Newtonian liquid films with a free surface on a cooled horizontal substrate are studied theoretically and numerically. We show that if the fluid is initially in equilibrium with its own vapor in the gas phase, regular surface deformation patterns in the form of long-wave hexagons or stripes having a well defined lateral length scale are observed, depending on the instability mechanism. This is different to the case without evaporation where rupture or coarsening to larger and larger spatially disordered patterns is seen in the long time limit. We propose to use such a system to create a regular structuring of the film’s surface. Heat production by latent heat and the influence of a temperature dependent surface tension (Marangoni effect) are included as well. Special emphasis is laid on the so-called anomalous Marangoni effect. In this case a parameter region where stripes should occur already at threshold is found by means of a systematic weakly non-linear analysis. KW - Thin films KW - Rayleigh–Taylor instability KW - Marangoni effect KW - Convection KW - Evaporation KW - Pattern formation Y1 - 2014 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0997754613001477 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euromechflu.2013.12.005 VL - 47 SP - 48 EP - 56 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Borcia, Rodica A1 - Borcia, Ion-Dan A1 - Bestehorn, Michael T1 - Nonlinear dynamics of thin liqiud films consisting of two miscible components T2 - Physical Review E N2 - Recently, we systematically derived a system of two coupled conservation equations governing a thin liquid layer with a deformable surface composed of two completely miscible components [Phys. Fluids 22, 104102 (2010)]. One equation describes the location of the free surface and the second one the evolution of the mean concentration. This lubrication model was investigated previously in linearized form. The study is now extended to the fully nonlinear case of thin liquid films of a binary mixture (in one and two horizontal spatial dimensions) with and without heat transport. For an initially flat and motionless film heated from below, we analyze the component separation induced by the Soret effect. Nonlinear simulations show that the Soret effect can cause a multitude of interesting behaviors, such as oscillatory patterns and solitonlike structures (localized traveling drops or holes). A stronger component separation induced by stronger Soret effects favors faster-moving localized structures. For isothermal systems, we study the fusion and the mixing of two thin liquid films of different but perfectly miscible liquids. Marangoni-driven forces can cause delayed coalescence, ripple formation, and fingering patterns at the borderline between the two liquid layers. A systematic analysis for ripple pattern formation and finger instabilities at different diffusion constants shows that these phenomena appear more pronounced for lower diffusion in the system. Y1 - 2012 UR - http://journals.aps.org/pre/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevE.86.056319 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.86.056319 SN - 2470-0053 VL - 86 IS - 5 SP - 056319 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Käso, Mathias A1 - Wulf, Ulrich T1 - Quantized thermal Conductance via Phononic heat transport in nanoscale devices at low temperatures T2 - Physical Review B N2 - We study phononic heat transport in nanoscale devices. In the nonequilibrium Green's function formalism, an analytical small-frequency expansion of the phonon current transmission is derived for an arbitrary oscillator chain with typical contact-device-contact structure. Applying this expansion in a Landauer formula, it is possible to construct a systematic low-temperature expansion of the thermal conductance. It follows that quantized thermal conductance occurs as a plateau of the thermal conductance divided by the temperature within second order of the temperature expansion for completely heterogeneous systems as long as the product of force constant and oscillator mass is identical in both contacts, independent of the scattering area. Beyond this plateau, the higher-order terms of the low-temperature expansion yield a finite-temperature correction exhibiting the form of a cubic power law depending on the details of the scattering area. These findings are in agreement with experiments and numerical calculations. Our general results are applied to a double junction chain, where we find as the first phenomenon beyond our low-temperature expansion a second plateau. This plateau is associated with a thermal phase averaging of the phonon transmission, which leads for increasing temperatures to an independence of the thermal conductance from the device length. Y1 - 2014 UR - http://journals.aps.org/prb/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevB.89.134309 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.89.134309 SN - 2469-9977 VL - 89 IS - 13 SP - 134309 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krahlisch, Marcus A1 - Wulf, Ulrich A1 - Kucera, Jan A1 - Richter, Hans A1 - Höntschel, Jan T1 - Analytical expressions for the drain current of a nanotransistor in the off-state regime T2 - Physica Status Solidi C N2 - Recently, we have suggested a scale-invariant numerical model for a planar nanotransistor based on a Fowler-Nordheim-type of formula. In this this model we introduce a set of approximations to obtain simple analytical expressions for the drain current in the off-state regime. For this purpose the saddle point approximation is applied to the Fowler-Nordheim integral. Furthermore, we are using the WKB-expression for transmission coefficient and a series approximation for Fermi-Dirac integrals by Mc Dougal and Stoner to evaluate the supply function. The resulting analytical formula is in qualitative agreement with the traces of an experimental transistor. It becomes quite simple for small gate voltages, i.e. in the deep off-state regime. Systematic steps to improve our approximations towards a quantitative agreement are discussed. (© 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) Y1 - 2014 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/pssc.201300122/abstract U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pssc.201300122 SN - 1610-1642 VL - 11 IS - 1 SP - 113 EP - 116 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lemarié, Gabriel A1 - Kamlapure, Anand A1 - Benfatto, Lara A1 - Lorenzana, José A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Ganguli, S. C. A1 - Raychaudhuri, Pratap A1 - Castellani, Claudio T1 - Universal scaling of the order-parameter distribution in strongly disordered superconductors T2 - Physical Review B N2 - We investigate theoretically and experimentally the statistical properties of the inhomogeneous order-parameter distribution (OPD) at the verge of the superconductor-insulator transition (SIT). We find within two prototype fermionic and bosonic models for disordered superconductors that one can identify a universal rescaling of the OPD. By performing scanning-tunneling microscopy experiments in three samples of NbN with increasing disorder we show that such a rescaling also describes the experimental data with excellent accuracy. These results can provide a breakthrough in our understanding of the SIT. Y1 - 2013 UR - http://journals.aps.org/prb/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevB.87.184509 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.87.184509 SN - 2469-9977 VL - 87 IS - 18 SP - 184509 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Capati, Matteo A1 - Grilli, Marco A1 - Di Castro, Carlo A1 - Grilli, Marco A1 - Lorenzana, José T1 - Hidden ferronematic order in underdoped cuprates T2 - Physical Review B N2 - We study a model for low-doped cuprates where holes aggregate into oriented stripe segments which have a magnetic vortex and antivortex at the extremes. We argue that due to the interaction between segments a ferronematic state with macroscopic polarization is stabilized. This state can be characterized as a charge nematic which, due to the net polarization, breaks inversion symmetry and also exhibits an incommensurate spin modulation. Our calculation can reproduce the doping-dependent spin structure factor of lanthanum cuprates in excellent agreement with experiment and allows to rationalize experiments in which the incommensurability has an order-parameter-like temperature dependence. Y1 - 2013 UR - http://journals.aps.org/prb/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevB.87.035138 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.87.035138 SN - 2469-9969 VL - 87 IS - 3 SP - 035138 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Pickhardt, Michael T1 - Lapse of time effects on tax evasion in an agent-based econophysics model T2 - Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications N2 - We investigate an inhomogeneous Ising model in the context of tax evasion dynamics where different types of agents are parameterized via local temperatures and magnetic fields. In particular, we analyze the impact of lapse of time effects (i.e. backauditing) and endogenously determined penalty rates on tax compliance. Both features contribute to a microfoundation of agent-based econophysics models of tax evasion. Y1 - 2013 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378437113000307 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2013.01.016 SN - 0378-4371 VL - 392 IS - 9 SP - 2079 EP - 2087 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pickhardt, Michael A1 - Seibold, Götz T1 - Income tax evasion dynamics: Evidence from an agent-based econophysics model T2 - Journal of Economic Psychology N2 - • We extend existing econophysics models with respect to the behavioral heterogeneity of agents. • We analyze enforcement or audit efficiency. • We compare agent-based tax evasion models in the economics versus the econophysics domain. KW - Tax evasion KW - Tax compliance KW - Ising model KW - Econophysics KW - Numerical simulation Y1 - 2013 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167487013000408 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joep.2013.01.011 SN - 0167-4870 VL - 40 SP - 147 EP - 160 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bünemann, Jörg A1 - Capone, Michael A1 - Lorenzana, José A1 - Seibold, Götz T1 - Linear-response dynamics from the time-dependent Gutzwiller approximation T2 - New Journal of Physics N2 - Within a Lagrangian formalism, we derive the time-dependent Gutzwiller approximation for general multi-band Hubbard models. Our approach explicitly incorporates the coupling between time-dependent variational parameters and a time-dependent density matrix from which we obtain dynamical correlation functions in the linear-response regime. Our results are illustrated for the one-band model where we show that the interacting system can be mapped to an effective problem of fermionic quasiparticles coupled to 'doublon' (double occupancy) bosonic fluctuations. The latter have an energy on the scale of the on-site Hubbard repulsion U in the dilute limit but become soft at the Brinkman–Rice transition, which is shown to be related to an emerging conservation law of doublon charge and the associated gauge invariance. Coupling with the boson mode produces a structure in the charge response and we find that a similar structure appears in dynamical mean-field theory. Y1 - 2013 UR - http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1367-2630/15/5/053050 SN - 1367-2630 VL - 15 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Benfatto, Lara A1 - Castellani, Claudio A1 - Lorenzana, José T1 - Superfluid Density and Phase Relaxation in Superconductors with Strong Disorder T2 - Physical Review Letters N2 - We consider the attractive Hubbard model with on-site disorder as a prototype of a disordered superconductor. We solve the Bogoliubov–de Gennes equations on two-dimensional finite clusters at zero temperature and evaluate the electromagnetic response to a vector potential. We find that the standard decoupling between transverse and longitudinal response does not apply in the presence of disorder. Moreover, the superfluid density is strongly reduced by the relaxation of the phase of the order parameter already at mean-field level when disorder is large. We also find that the anharmonicity of the phase fluctuations is strongly enhanced by disorder. Beyond mean field, this provides an enhancement of quantum fluctuations inducing a zero-temperature transition to a nonsuperconducting phase of disordered preformed pairs. Finally, the connection of our findings with the glassy physics for extreme dirty superconductors is discussed. Y1 - 2012 UR - http://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.207004 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.207004 SN - 1092-0145 VL - 108 IS - 20 SP - 207004 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Grilli, Marco A1 - Lorenzana, José T1 - Stripes in cuprate superconductors: Excitations and dynamic dichotomy T2 - Physica C: Superconductivity N2 - We present a short account of the present experimental situation of stripes in cuprates followed by a review of our present understanding of their ground state and excited state properties. Collective modes, the dynamical structure factor, and the optical conductivity of stripes are computed using the time-dependent Gutzwiller approximation applied to realistic one band and three band Hubbard models, and are found to be in excellent agreement with experiment. On the other hand, experiments like angle-resolved photoemission and scanning tunneling microscopy show the coexistence of stripes at high energies with Fermi liquid quasiparticles at low energies. We show that a phenomenological model going beyond mean-field can reconcile this dynamic dichotomy. Y1 - 2012 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921453412001864 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physc.2012.03.072 SN - 0921-4534 VL - 481 SP - 132 EP - 145 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Caprara, Sergio A1 - Grilli, Marco A1 - Raimondi, Roberto T1 - Non-equilibrium Spin Currents in Systems with Striped Rashba Spin-Orbit Coupling T2 - Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism N2 - It is shown that non-homogeneity in the spin-orbit coupling (SOC) arising from structure inversion asymmetry gives rise to a finite intrinsic spin Hall conductivity in contrast with the corresponding case of a homogeneous SOC in the disordered two-dimensional electron gas. In particular, we examine the inhomogeneity arising from a striped modulation of the Rashba type spin-orbit coupling. A corresponding structure could be realized at oxide interfaces with periodic top gating or in semiconductor heterostructures. Y1 - 2017 UR - http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10948-016-3774-x U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10948-016-3774-x SN - 1557-1939 VL - 30 IS - 1 SP - 123 EP - 128 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Borcia, Rodica A1 - Bestehorn, Michael T1 - Partial coalescence of sessile drops with different miscible liquids T2 - Langmuir N2 - Using computer simulations in three spatial dimensions, we examine the interaction between two deformable drops consisting of two perfectly miscible liquids sitting on a solid substrate under a given contact angle. Driven by capillarity and assisted by Marangoni effects at the droplet interfaces, several distinct coalescence regimes are achieved after the droplets’ collision. Y1 - 2013 UR - http://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/la3050835?src=recsys U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/la3050835 SN - 1520-5827 VL - 29 IS - 14 SP - 4426 EP - 4429 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Borcia, Rodica A1 - Bestehorn, Michael T1 - A phase field description of self-propulsion of twin sessile drops induced by surface tension gradients T2 - Fluid Dynamics Research N2 - We describe the self-propulsion of two sessile drops induced by surface tension gradients at the droplet interfaces using a three-dimensional phase field model. We study the problem for the low viscosity regime when the width of the connecting neck between the interacting drops increases linearly with increasing t1/2 and the merger is dominated by capillary forces. We investigate the dependence of the displacement achieved by self-propulsion on viscous shearing as well as the internal flow structure during the coalescence process. KW - Drops Y1 - 2014 UR - http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0169-5983/46/4/041405/meta U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/0169-5983/46/4/041405 SN - 0169-5983 VL - 46 IS - 4 SP - 041405 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Borcia, Rodica A1 - Bestehorn, Michael T1 - Phase field modelling of non-equilibrium patterns on the surface of a liquid film under lateral oscillations at the substrate T2 - International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos N2 - We use a phase field model which couples the generalized Navier–Stokes equation (including the Korteweg stress tensor) with the continuity equation for studying nonlinear pattern formation on the surface of a liquid film under (linear and circular) lateral harmonic vibrations at the solid substrate. First, we prove the thermodynamic consistency of our phase field model. Next, we present computer simulations in three spatial dimensions. We illustrate nonequilibrium patterns at the instability onset, confirming in this way the results recently reported in Phys. Rev. E 88, 023025 (2013). The lateral profiles of the deflected surface are compared with those reported in J. Fluid Mech. 686, 409 (2011) for Faraday instability excited by vertical harmonic vibrations at the bottom plate. Y1 - 2014 UR - http://www.worldscientific.com/doi/abs/10.1142/S0218127414501107 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1142/S0218127414501107 SN - 0218-1274 SN - 1793-6551 VL - 24 IS - 9 SP - 1450110 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Borcia, Rodica A1 - Borcia, Ion-Dan A1 - Bestehorn, Michael T1 - Can vibrations control drop motion? T2 - Langmuir N2 - We discuss a mechanism for controlled motion of drops with applications for microfluidics and microgravity. The mechanism is the following: a solid plate supporting a liquid droplet is simultaneously subject to lateral and vertical harmonic oscillations. In this way the symmetry of the back-and-forth droplet movement along the substrate under inertial effects is broken and thus will induce a net driven motion of the drop. We study the dependency of the traveled distance on the oscillation parameters (forcing amplitude, frequency, and phase shift between the two perpendicular oscillations) via phase field simulations. The internal flow structure inside the droplet is also investigated. We make predictions on resonance frequencies for drops on a substrate with a varying wettability. Y1 - 2014 UR - http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/la503415r U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/la503415r SN - 1520-5827 SN - 1864-5631 VL - 30 IS - 47 SP - 14113 EP - 14117 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Das, Chittaranjan A1 - Kot, Małgorzata A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Engineering of Sub-Nanometer SiOₓ Thickness in Si Photocathodes for Optimized Open Circuit Potential T2 - ChemSusChem N2 - Silicon is one of the most promising materials to be used for tandem-cell water-splitting devices. However, the electrochemical instability of bare Si makes it difficult to be used for stable devices. Besides that, the photovoltage loss in Si, caused by several factors (e.g., metal oxide protection layer and/or SiO₂/Si or catalyst/Si interface), limits its use in these devices. In this work, we present that an optimized open circuit potential (OCP) of Si can be obtained by controlling the SiOₓ thickness in sub-nanometer range. It can be done by means of a simple and cost-effective way using the combination of a wet chemical etching and the low temperature atomic layer deposition (ALD) of TiO₂. We have found that a certain thickness of the native SiOₓ is necessary to prevent further oxidation of the Si photocathode during the ALD growth of TiO₂. Moreover, covering the Si photocathode with an ALD TiO₂ layer enhances its stability. KW - atomic layer deposition KW - open circuit potential KW - Si photocathodes KW - silica KW - stability Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201600777 SN - 1864-5631 SN - 1864-564X VL - 9 IS - 17 SP - 2332 EP - 2336 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bögemann-Großheim, Ellen A1 - Bohrer, Annerose A1 - Brinker-Meyendriesch, Elfriede A1 - Holtschmidt, Ilona A1 - Rein, Thomas A1 - Walter, Anja T1 - Wie stellt sich Pflegewissenschaft in den Ausbildungsrichtlinien der Pflegeberufe dar? Eine Analyse von Richtlinien ausgewählter Bundesländer durch die Sektion Bildung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Pflegewissenschaft T2 - Pflege und Gesellschaft Y1 - 2009 VL - 14 IS - 4 SP - 362 EP - 373 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hülsken-Gießler, Manfred A1 - Brinker-Meyendriesch, Elfriede A1 - Keogh, Johann A1 - Muths, Sabine A1 - Sieger, Margot A1 - Stemmer, Renate A1 - Stöcker, Gertrud A1 - Walter, Anja T1 - Kerncurriculum Pflegewissenschaft für pflegebezogene Studiengänge – eine Initiative zur Weiterentwicklung der hochschulischen Pflegebildung in Deutschland T2 - Pflege und Gesellschaft Y1 - 2010 UR - http://www.dg-pflegewissenschaft.de/2011DGP/archives/3562 SN - 1430-9653 VL - 15 IS - 3 SP - 216 EP - 236 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Haeberle, Jörg A1 - Machulik, Stephan A1 - Janowitz, Christoph A1 - Manzke, Recardo A1 - Gaspar, Diana A1 - Barquinha, Pedro A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Gap states in the electronic structure of SnO2 single crystals and amorphous SnOxthin films T2 - Journal of Applied Physics N2 - The electronic structure of a SnO2 single crystal is determined by employing resonant photoelectron spectroscopy. We determine the core level, valence band, and X-ray absorption (XAS) data and compare these with those of amorphous SnOx thin films. We find similar properties concerning the data of the core levels, the valence band features, and the absorption data at the O1s edge. We find strong signals arising from intrinsic in-gap states and discuss their origin in terms of polaronic and charge-transfer defects. We deduce from the XAS data recorded at the Sn3d edge that the Sn4d10 ground state has contributions of 4d9 and 4d8 states due to configuration interaction. We identify localized electronic states depending on the strength of the 4d-5s5p interaction and of the O2p-to-Sn4d charge-transfer processes, both appear separated from the extended band-like states of the conduction band. For the amorphous SnOx thin films, significant differences are found only in the absorption data at the Sn3d-edge due to a stronger localization of the in-gap states. KW - SnO2 KW - electronic structure KW - gap states KW - resonant photoelectron spectroscopy (resPES) Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4962313 SN - 0021-8979 SN - 1089-7550 VL - 120 IS - 10 SP - 105101-1 EP - 105101-13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Caprara, Sergio A1 - Grilli, Marco A1 - Di Castro, Carlo A1 - Seibold, Götz T1 - Pseudogap and (An)isotropic Scattering in the Fluctuating Charge-Density Wave Phase of Cuprates T2 - Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism N2 - We present a general scenario for high-temperature superconducting cuprates, based on the presence of dynamical charge density waves (CDWs) and to the occurrence of a CDW quantum critical point, which occurs, e.g., at doping p ≈ 0.16 in YBa2Cu3O6 + δ (YBCO). In this framework, the pseudogap temperature T∗ is interpreted in terms of a reduction of the density of states due to incipient CDW and, at lower temperature to the possible formation of incoherent superconducting pairs. The dynamically fluctuating character of CDW accounts for the different temperatures at which the CDW onset revealed by X-ray scattering (Tons(p)), and the static three-dimensional CDW ordering appear. We also investigate the anisotropic character of the CDW-mediated scattering. We find that this is strongly anisotropic only close to the CDW quantum critical point (QCP) at low temperature and very low energy. It rapidly becomes nearly isotropic and marginal-Fermi-liquid-like away from the CDW QCP and at finite (even rather small) energies. This may reconcile the interpretation of Hall measurements in terms of anisotropic CDW scattering with recent photoemission experiments Bok, J.M., et al. Sci. Adv. 2, e1501329 (2016). KW - Charge-density waves KW - High-Tc superconducting cuprates KW - Anisotropic scattering Y1 - 2017 UR - http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10948-016-3775-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10948-016-3775-9 SN - 1557-1939 SN - 1557-1947 VL - 30 IS - 1 SP - 25 EP - 30 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Garain, Samiran A1 - Barman, Koushik A1 - Sinha, Tridib Kumar A1 - Jasimuddin, Sk A1 - Haeberle, Jörg A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Mandal, Dipankar T1 - Cerium(III) Complex Modified Gold Electrode: An Efficient Electrocatalyst for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction T2 - ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces N2 - Exploring efficient and inexpensive electrocatalysts for the oxidation of water is of great importance for various electrochemical energy storage and conversion technologies. In the present study, a new water-soluble [Ce III(DMF) (HSO4)3] complex was synthesized and characterized by UV−vis, photoluminescence, and high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy techniques. Owing to classic 5d →4f transitions, an intense photoluminescence in the UV region was observed from the water-soluble [CeIII(DMF (HSO4)3] complex. A stacking electrode was designed where self-assembled L-cysteine monolayer modified gold was immobilized with the synthesized cerium complex and was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and cyclic voltam-metry. The resulting electrode, i.e., [CeIII(DMF)(HSO4)3]−L-cysteine-Au stacks shows high electrocatalytic water oxidation behavior at an overpotential of η ≈0.34 V under neutral pH conditions. We also demonstrated a way where the overpotential is possible to decrease upon irradiation of UV light. KW - water oxidation KW - electrocatalyst KW - photoelectrocatalyst KW - photoluminescence KW - Ce(III)-complex KW - L-cysteine KW - gold electrode Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b05236 SN - 1944-8244 SN - 1944-8252 VL - 8 IS - 33 SP - 21294 EP - 21301 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Walter, Anja T1 - Der phänomenologische Zugang zu authentischen Handlungssituationen – ein Beitrag zur empirischen Fundierung von Curriculumentwicklungen T2 - bwp@ Spezial – Berufsbildungsforschung im Gesundheitsbereich N2 - Der Beitrag befasst sich mit Curriculumforschung, wie sie im Rahmen von Prozessen der schulnahen Curriculumentwicklung vollzogen wurde. Vorgestellt wird eine phänomenologische Arbeitsweise, die primär in Schulen für Pflegeberufe umgesetzt wurde, jedoch auch in weitere Ausbildungen für Gesundheitsberufe diffundiert. Ebenso hat der Ansatz bereits Eingang in die hochschulische pflegebezogene Bildung gefunden. Über die Arbeit mit authentischen beruflichen und lebensweltlichen Handlungssituationen werden Curricula empirisch fundiert. Lehrende und Lernende erarbeiten sich bei Einübung in die phänomenologische Arbeitsweise eine Haltung, die für die Wahrnehmung, Deutung und Gestaltung von Lern- respektive Pflegesituationen entscheidende Impulse zu geben vermag. Unter Berufsbildungsforschung lassensich verschiedene Ansätze subsumieren. Die hier vorgestellte Handlungsforschung mit Beteiligung von Akteurinnen und Akteuren kann der Curriculumforschung zugeordnet werden, weil über sie das in authentischen beruflichen Handlungssituationen enthaltene (Aus)Bildungspotential offen gelegt wird. Die Ergebnisse können einer berufswissenschaftlich-didaktischenForschungsperspektive zugeordnetwerden, weil über die phänomenologische Betrachtung Ausbildungsgegenstände generiert werden, die das Berufsfeld Pflege konturieren bzw. dessen Spezifik aufzeigen. In gewisser Weise stellt die Vorgehensweise zudem eine Lehr-Lern-Forschung dar, da berufliche Situationen aus der Perspektive der Lernenden erhoben werden und somit über Lernprozesse im pflegeberuflichen Feld Auskunft geben. KW - Handlungssituationen KW - Curriculumentwicklungen Y1 - 2015 UR - http://www.bwpat.de/ausgabe/spezial10/walter SN - 1618 - 8543 VL - 10 SP - 1 EP - 22 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bohrer, Annerose A1 - Walter, Anja T1 - Entwicklung beruflicher Identität – empirische Erkenntnisse zum Lernen in der Berufspraxis T2 - Pädagogik der Gesundheitsberufe N2 - Dieser Artikel basiert auf einem Vortrag, den wir auf dem Lernweltenkongress 2013 an der IMC Fachhochschule Krems (Österreich) gehalten haben. Der Kongress stand unter dem Titel „Ausbildung in der Praxis - Ausbildung für die Praxis“. Ausgehend von einem Kurzprofil unserer pflegedidaktischen Forschungsarbeiten betrachten wir Ausschnitte der Berufs- bzw. Lernrealität von Lernenden in der Pflegeausbildung. Den Schwerpunkt legen wir auf Phänomene, die sich um die Entwicklung beruflicher Identität im Lernprozess in der Berufspraxis ranken. In dem Artikel werden wir an ausgewählten Interviewpassagen das Spannungsfeld identifizieren, das den Lernprozess resp. die Entwicklung beruflicher Identität umrahmt. Daraus folgend werden wir Konsequenzen für die Gestaltung von Lernprozessen bzw. für die Begleitung der Lernenden formulieren. Die hier vorgestellten Ergebnisse sind aus der Wirklichkeit der Pflegeausbildung erschlossen. Aus Fortbildungen mit Angehörigen anderer Berufsgruppen wissen wir aber, dass sich die zentralen Phänomene auch in den Ausbildungen anderer Berufe zeigen und sich Konsequenzen in weitere Felder übertragen lassen. KW - Lernende KW - Pflegepraxis KW - Gesundheitsberufe Y1 - 2015 UR - http://www.zeitschrift-gesundheitsberufe.info/zeitschrift/ausgaben-2015/3-2015/37-entwicklung-beruflicher-identitaet-empirische-erkenntnisse-zum-lernen-in-der-berufspraxis VL - 2 IS - 3 SP - 23 EP - 31 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Walter, Anja T1 - Evaluation – Momentaufnahme der Zufriedenheit oder Reflexion von Lernprozessen T2 - Pflegewissenschaft N2 - Evaluation ist in Bildungseinrichtungen allgegenwärtig. Einführend werden in diesem Artikel deshalb Evaluationsdiskurse angerissen und es erfolgt eine kritische Reflexion von Evaluationsinstrumenten sowie des damit korrespondierenden Lernverständnisses. Die Überlegungen führen zu folgenden Schlussfolgerungen: Es bedarf mehr Reflexion im Evaluationsprozess, der Anerkennung von Grenzen der Evaluation sowie der Ermutigung zur Selbstevaluation und zum Diskurs darüber in Bildungseinrichtungen. KW - Evaluationskultur KW - Lehrveranstaltungsevaluation KW - Lernprozesse KW - Lernverständnis Y1 - 2013 UR - http://www.hpsmedia.info/care/load_pw.php?id=1596pflege-wissenschaft.info SN - 1662-3029 VL - 15 IS - 5 SP - 275 EP - 282 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Walter, Anja A1 - Altmeppen, Sandra A1 - Arens, Frank A1 - Bohrer, Annerose A1 - Brinker-Meyendriesch, Elfriede A1 - Dütthorn, Nadin A1 - Käding, Heiko A1 - Pohl, Maria A1 - Schwarz-Govaers, Renate A1 - Welling, Karin T1 - Was bietet die Pflegedidaktik? Analyseergebnisse pflegedidaktischer Arbeiten im Überblick T2 - PADUA - Die Fachzeitschrift für Pflegepädagogik, Patientenedukation und -bildung N2 - Die Mitglieder der Sektion Bildung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Pflegewissenschaft präsentieren in diesem Artikel die verdichteten Ergebnisse der Analyse pflegedidaktischer Arbeiten im Sinne einer Standortbestimmung der Pflegedidaktik für PflegepädagogInnen in (Hoch)Schule und Pflegepraxis. KW - Pflegedidaktik Y1 - 2013 UR - http://econtent.hogrefe.com/doi/abs/10.1024/1861-6186/a000152 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1024/1861-6186/a000152 SN - 2235-218X SN - 1861-6186 VL - 8 IS - 5 SP - 302 EP - 310 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dütthorn, Nadin A1 - Walter, Anja A1 - Arens, Frank T1 - Was bietet die Pflegedidaktik? Ein Analyseinstrument zur standortbestimmenden Untersuchung pflegedidaktischer Arbeiten T2 - PADUA - Die Fachzeitschrift für Pflegepädagogik, Patientenedukation und -bildung N2 - Die Mitglieder der Sektion Bildung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Pflegewissenschaft analysierten den aktuellen Stand der Pflegedidaktik als Disziplin. Aus dieser Arbeit ist ein pflegedidaktisches Analyseinstrument zur inhaltlichen Auseinandersetzung mit Ergebnissen der Pflegedidaktik entstanden, welches in diesem Beitrag vorgestellt wird. KW - Pflegedidaktik Y1 - 2013 UR - http://econtent.hogrefe.com/doi/abs/10.1024/1861-6186/a000129 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1024/1861-6186/a000129 SN - 1861-6186 SN - 2235-218X VL - 8 IS - 3 SP - 168 EP - 175 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Walter, Anja T1 - Welche Anforderungen stellen berufsqualifizierende gesundheitsbezogene Studiengänge an die Hochschuldidaktik? T2 - Pflegewissenschaft N2 - Ausgehend von einer näheren Bestimmung der Hochschuldidaktik als Disziplin werden Herausforderungen benannt, vor die berufsqualifizierende gesundheitsbezogene Studiengänge gestellt sind. Diese lassen sich als Anforderungen an die Hochschuldidaktik interpretieren. Zur Frage, wie mit den Herausforderungen umgegangen werden kann, werden ausgewählte hochschuldidaktische Bezugspunkte für curriculare Entwicklungen in berufsqualifizierenden gesundheitsbezogenen Studiengängen benannt und erläutert. KW - Hochschuldidaktik KW - Anforderungen Y1 - 2011 UR - http://www.pflege-wissenschaft.info/pflegewissenschaft/2011/januar/1422-RLGVKSMDZUWFYXBNEHCPTJ U6 - https://doi.org/103936/1063 SN - 1422-8610 SN - 1662-3029 VL - 133 IS - 1 SP - 40 EP - 44 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Drechsler, Martin A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - Costs of uncoordinated site selection with multiple ecosystem services T2 - Natural Resource Modeling Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/nrm.12102 SN - 1939-7445 VL - 30 IS - 1 SP - 10 EP - 29 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wälder, Olga A1 - Kutzner, Tobias T1 - Eine empirische Studie zur Verifikation von Unterschriften und zur Indikation von Fälschungen T2 - Austrian Journal of Statistics Y1 - 2013 UR - http://www.ajs.or.at/index.php/ajs/article/view/vol42n2-3/102 SN - 1026-597X VL - 42 IS - 2 SP - 101 EP - 116 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Friesen, Hans T1 - Architekturethik zwischen inhärenter und elementarer Ethik - Themenheft: Positionen einer Architektur- und Planungsethik T2 - Ausdruck und Gebrauch : wissenschaftliche Hefte für Architektur, Wohnen, Umwelt Y1 - 2014 SN - 1610-1413 VL - 12 SP - 57 EP - 70 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, David T1 - Grid extension in German backyards: a game-theory rationale T2 - Journal of Environmental Planning and Management Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/09640568.2016.1159952 SN - 1360-0559 VL - 60 IS - 3 SP - 437 EP - 461 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Naveed, Muhammad A1 - Flores Renteria, Arturo A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Role of alloying elements during thermocyclic oxidation of β/γ-TiAl alloys at high temperatures T2 - Journal of Alloys and Compounds N2 - Gamma titanium aluminides are promising alloys known for their good mechanical properties and low densities, but their low oxidation resistance at high temperatures limits their application. This work discusses the thermocyclic oxidation behavior of newly developed β/γ-TiAl alloys at temperatures between 600 °C and 900 °C. An influence of β-stabilizing alloying elements like Nb and V on the oxidation of these alloys has been investigated here. The selected alloys are tested in an in-house developed thermocyclic furnace. The oxidation study is supported by gravimetric measurements along with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Electron Diffraction Spectroscopy (EDS) mapping of the oxide layers. Additionally, phase formation after oxidation has been determined using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). Results show that the Nb containing alloys are more oxidation resistant as compared to V containing alloys. The formation of a mixture of Al2O3 and TiO2 layers was found for all the alloys. The oxide kinetics controlled oxide growth and formation of various phases at different testing temperatures. KW - Aluminum oxide KW - γ-TiAl KW - thermocyclic oxidation KW - β-stabilizing elements Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.08.259 SN - 0925-8388 VL - 691 SP - 489 EP - 497 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Sizova, Irina A1 - Bolz, Sebastian A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Devising Strain Hardening Models Using Kocks-Mecking Plots - A Comparison of Model Development for Titanium Aluminides and Case Hardening Steel T2 - Metals KW - titanium aluminides alloy KW - single phase steel KW - hot forming Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/met6090204 SN - 2075-4701 VL - 6 IS - 9 SP - 204 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lorenz, Werner T1 - Classicism and High Technology - the Berlin Neues Museum T2 - Construction history : journal of the Construction History Society Y1 - 1999 SN - 0267-7768 VL - 15 SP - 39 EP - 55 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lorenz, Werner T1 - 200 Jahre Stahlbau in Berlin - Zum Umgang mit Altbauten in Eisen und Stahl : Editorial T2 - Stahlbau Y1 - 1997 SN - 0038-9145 VL - 66 IS - 6 SP - 289 EP - 290 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lorenz, Werner T1 - 200 Jahre eisernes Berlin T2 - Stahlbau Y1 - 1997 SN - 0038-9145 VL - 66 IS - 6 SP - 291 EP - 310 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Altenkirch, Nora A1 - Zlatanović, Sanja A1 - Woodward, K. Benjamin A1 - Trauth, Nico A1 - Mutz, Michael A1 - Molkenthin, Frank T1 - Untangling hyporheic residence time distributions and whole stream" "metabolism using a hydrological process model T2 - Procedia Engineering N2 - The interaction of the water residence time (RT) in hyporheic sediments with the sediment metabolic rates is believed to be a key factor controlling whole stream metabolism. However, due to the methodological difficulties, there is little data that investigates this fundamental theory of aquatic ecology. Here, we report on progress made to combine numerical modelling with a series of modification to laboratory flumes overcoming methodological difficulties e.g. by creating steady flow paths for assessment of metabolic rates. To model the biogeochemical performance and to validate the model results, sediment structures were introduced in both, the model and the flumes, leading to differing RT distributions. Furthermore, the DOC supply in the flumes was manipulated to test the whole stream metabolic response with regard to RT distributions. In the flumes, hydraulic conditions were assessed using conservative tracer and heat as tracer. Metabolic activity was assessed using oxygen dynamics as a proxy of community respiration (CR). Residence time and metabolic processes were modelled using a multicomponent reactive transport code called MIN3P and calibrated with regard to the hydraulic conditions using the results obtained from the flume experiments. Monod type expressions were used to implement metabolic activity terms in the model. Using the results of the hydrological process model, a sensitivity analysis of the impact of RT distributions on the metabolic activity could yield supporting proof of an existing link between the two. KW - residence times KW - metabolism KW - MIN3P Y1 - 2016 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877705816319877 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2016.07.598 SN - 1877-7058 N1 - 12th International Conference on Hydroinformatics, HIC 2016, Incheon, Korea VL - 154 SP - 1071 EP - 1078 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Di Cesare, Giovanni A1 - Altenkirch, Nora A1 - Schleiss, Anton A1 - Roth, Michael A1 - Molinari, Peter A1 - Michel, Marcel T1 - Störfall vom 30. März 2013 bei der Staumauer Punt dal Gall T2 - Wasser, Energie, Luft N2 - Am Osterwochenende 2013 kam die Restwasserdotierung im Spöl, einem Gebirgsbach im Schweizerischen Nationalpark, unerwartet zum Erliegen. Die daraufhin eingeleitete Öffnung des Grundablasses der Stauanlage Punt dal Gall der Engadiner Kraftwerken AG, (EKW), führte zwar zu einer Wiederbenetzung des Bachbettes, zeitgleich wurden aber auch enorme Mengen an Feinsedimenten in den Spöl eingetragen. Diese beiden Vorfälle im Bereich der Stauanlage führten zu einer massiven Beeinträchtigung der aquatischen Lebensgemeinschaft im Spöl. Als unmittelbare Massnahmen wurden der Turbinenbetrieb in Ova Spin eingestellt, der ungewöhnlich tiefe Wasserstand des Stausees Livigno angehoben und der Spöl mit erhöhten und variierenden Dotierwassermengen beschickt. Zudem wurde eine Task-Force für die weitere Lagebeurteilung und unmittelbare Zustandserhebung einberufen. Eine erste Begutachtung des Spöls zeigte, dass der Umweltunfall zu einem starken Eintrag von Feinsedimenten in das Bachbett geführt hatte. Insbesondere im oberen Drittel des betroffenen Gewässerabschnitts wurden die Benthosbesiedlung und der Fischbestand erheblich geschädigt. Ein anfänglich kommunizierter «ökologischer Gau» bzw. Totalausfall beim Fischbestand konnte allerdings nicht festgestellt werden. Die allmähliche Erholung der Gewässerökologie konnte in den Folgeuntersuchungen vom Herbst 2013 und Frühjahr 2014 bestätigt werden. Die untersuchten Fische waren bei sehr guter Kondition, und hatten wieder die gesamte Länge des oberen Spöl besiedelt. Die Präsenz von natürlich aufkommenden Jungfischen lässt die Hoffnung zu, dass sich der Fischbestand, der derzeit bei rund 50% des Ausgangszustands liegt, in den nächsten Jahren gänzlich erholen wird. Die EPFL in Lausanne hat die möglichen Ursachen ergründet, welche zum Umweltereignis geführt haben. Die Studie ist zum Schluss gekommen, dass der ausserordentlich tiefe Seestand, der jedoch noch 18 m über dem konzessionierten Absenkziel lag, zur Freilegung grosser Flächen an abgelagerten Sedimenten führte. Durch sogenannte Trübeströme gelangten, auch auf Grund des normalen Weiterbetriebs der Anlage, grosse Sedimentfrachten entlang des Seegrunds innerhalb kürzester Zeit bis zum Grundablass und zur Dotierfassung. Dieser Vorgang führte zu ersten, grösseren Einträgen von Feinsedimenten über die Dotiervorrichtung in den Spöl und zur zeitweisen Verstopfung derselben, ohne dass dies die installierte Abflussmessung registrierte. Folge war die Trockenlegung des Spöls unterhalb der Staumauer. Die Feststellung dieser unzulässigen Situation führte zum Entscheid, den Grundablass zu öffnen. Aus betriebstechnischer Sicht war dieser Entscheid korrekt und notwendig, um die Sicherheit der Anlage zu garantieren, sowie die Dotiereinrichtung vom blockierenden Material wieder zu befreien. Der zuvor erwähnte weitere Austritt von Feinsedimenten in schliessden Spöl war jedoch die Konsequenz. Folgende Massnahmen wurden definiert, um zukünftig ähnliche Ereignisse verhindern zu können: • Verzicht auf ein Absenken des Wasserstands im Stausee Livigno unter 1735 m ü.M. • Weiterführung der bisherigen künstlichen Hochwasser • Installation eines redundanten Abflussmesssystems in der Dotiereinrichtung mit kontinuierlicher Trübemessung • Höhersetzung des Einlaufs zum Dotiersystem Y1 - 2015 SN - 0377-905x VL - 107 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lorenz, Werner T1 - 150 Jahre Borsig - Beitrag zur Technikgeschichte des frühen Eisenbaus T2 - Bauingenieur Y1 - 1988 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 63 IS - 8 SP - 375 EP - 384 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Aretz, Astrid A1 - Heinbach, Katharina A1 - Hirschl, Bernd A1 - Prahl, Andreas A1 - Salecki, Steven T1 - Wertschöpfung durch Erneuerbare Energien - Wie Bundesländer profitieren T2 - GAIA N2 - Kommunen und Regionen sind wichtige Akteure beim Ausbau erneuerbarer Energien (EE), da sie die Möglichkeit haben, die Entwicklung aktiv voranzutreiben und gleichzeitig von einer dezentralen Energiewende profitieren können. Denn im Regelfall werden bisher importierte Energierohstoffe oder Endenergien durch heimische Energiequellen, Energieträger und Dienstleistungen ersetzt. Gleichzeitig findet aufgrund der dezentralen Struktur der EE eine Reihe von Wertschöpfungsschritten in den Regionen selbst statt und führt dort zu positiven regionalwirtschaftlichen Veränderungen. Wie groß jedoch diese heimische Wertschöpfung aus den EE ist, ist bisher kaum bekannt. Obwohl der Aspekt der regionalen Wertschöpfung in vielen Prozessen des EE-Ausbaus oder auch bei Selbstversorgungszielen eine zentrale Rolle spielt (Stablo und Ruppert-Winkel 2012), sind lange Zeit nur wissenschaftliche Beiträge in allgemeiner Form zu diesem Thema erschienen, ohne dabei konkrete Berechnungen zu bieten. Zudem spielt die regionalwirtschaftliche Perspektive neben den intensiv geführten Kontroversen um betriebs- und volkswirtschaftliche Effekte in der ökonomischen Debatte der Energiewende noch eine untergeordnete Rolle (vergleiche hierzu beispielhaft Gawel et al. 2012 und Pahle et al. 2012); sie kommt eher über die sozialwissenschaftliche und gesellschaftliche Auseinandersetzung mit Akzeptanz- und Teilhabe sowie aktuell auch über Verteilungsfragen in den Fokus. Mit der Basisstudie des Instituts für ökologische Wirtschaftsforschung (IÖW Berlin) Kommunale Wertschöpfung durch Erneuerbare Energien (Hirschl et al. 2010, nachfolgend auch IÖW-Modell genannt) sind wichtige Aspekte dieser Wissenslücke adressiert worden. Die Relevanz der konkreten Ermittlung von Wertschöpfungs- und Beschäftigungseffekten für regionale Akteure hat sich in einigen Folgestudien gezeigt, in denen das entwickelte Modell auf konkrete Regionen angewandt wurde. In der vorliegenden Veröffentlichung werden drei verschiedene Studien des IÖW, die auf Ebene der Bundesländer Baden-Württemberg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern und Brandenburg separat durchgeführt wurden, erstmalig systematisch vergleichend vorgestellt und aufeinander bezogen, um auf diese Weise besondere Spezifika und allgemeine Effekte herauszuarbeiten. KW - Klima KW - nachhaltige Wirtschaft KW - regionale Wertschöpfung KW - Erneuerbare Energien Y1 - 2013 SN - 0940-5550 VL - 22 IS - 1 SP - 46 EP - 54 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hirschl, Bernd T1 - International renewable energy policy – between marginalization and initial approaches T2 - Energy Policy KW - international renewable energy Y1 - 2009 SN - 0301-4215 VL - 37 IS - 11 SP - 4407 EP - 4416 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hirschl, Bernd T1 - Kommunale Wertschöpfung als ökonomische Teilhabe vor Ort T2 - Solarzeitalter N2 - Wertschöpfungs- und Beschäftigungseffekte durch Erneuerbare Energien gelten schon lange als Erfolgsfaktoren für die Energiewende. Prof. Hirschl entwickelte am IÖW eine Methode, mit deren Hilfe diese Effekte konkret quantifiziert werden können. Im Interview mit Prof. Droege erläutert er, warum kommunale und nicht etwa nationale industrielle Wertschöpfung im Fokus der Modellierung stehen. Ökonomische Teilhabe vor Ort und Akzeptanz gehen Hand in Hand, gerade auf kommunaler Ebene profitiert eine Vielzahl von Akteuren entlang von Wertschöpfungsketten. Diese kommunalen Effekte kommen in nationalen Beschäftigungsstudien nicht zur Geltung, sind in ihrer Summe jedoch bedeutsam. Hirschl kritisiert in dem Zusammenhang, dass durch die jüngste EEG-Reform eineTransformation hin zu einem dezentralen Energiesystem eher ausgebremst als gefördert wird und somit viele lokale Initiativen und Unternehmen wie z.B. Bürgerenergiegesellschaften nicht mehr konkurrenzfähig mit Großkonzernen sind, was negative Rückschlüsse auf die zukünftige Entwicklung kommunaler Wertschöpfung mit sich bringt. KW - Kommunale Wertschöpfung KW - ökonomische Teilhabe KW - Wertschöpfungs- und Beschäftigungseffekte KW - Wertschöpfungskette KW - Energiesystem Y1 - 2014 UR - http://www.eurosolar.de/de/images/stories/SOLARZEITALTER/SZA_34_2014/SZA_34_2014_Hirschl.pdf SN - 0937-3802 IS - 3-4 SP - 58 EP - 60 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hirschl, Bernd A1 - Großmann, Doreen T1 - Influence of rebound effects on the achievement of energy saving targets after an increase in energy efficiency on non-residental buildings T2 - Bulletin of Prydniprovs’ka State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture N2 - This article draws attention to rebound effects, which are responsible for missing the planned energy savings after an increase in efficiency. For residential buildings wide scientific studies to rebound effects after a thermal retrofit already exist. This article presents first findings to rebound effects in non-residential buildings. It presents a methodology for the determination of rebound effects and their causes in non-residential buildings. In addition to the mathematical calculation of the rebound effects semi-structured-interviews to identify the causes were conducted. This article focuses on four office and administrative buildings with regard to their actual and calculated building heat pre- and post-thermal-retrofit consumption and comes to the conclusion that even in non-residential buildings rebound effects are to be expected. However, the causes differ significantly compared to residential buildings. KW - rebound effects KW - non-residential buildings KW - energy saving targets KW - energy efficiency Y1 - 2016 UR - http://visnyk.pgasa.dp.ua/article/view/66236 SN - 2312-2676 IS - 3 SP - 27 EP - 33 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hirschl, Bernd A1 - Knur, Lisa A1 - Murach, Dieter A1 - Aretz, Astrid A1 - Schneider, Bernd Uwe T1 - Handlungsempfehlungen für eine nachhaltige Dendromasse-Bereitstellung im Land Brandenburg – Ergebnisse aus dem Verbundforschungsprojekt DENDROM T2 - Archiv für Forstwesen und Landschaftsökologie N2 - Das vom Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung geförderte Verbundforschungsprojekt „DENDROM – Zukunftsrohstoff Dendromasse“ ging am 11. 7. 2008 mit einer internationalen Abschlusskonferenz in Berlin nach drei Jahren Laufzeit zu Ende. Der Beitrag informiert über wichtige Projektergebnisse und daraus resultierende Handlungsempfehlungen. KW - Nachhaltigkeit KW - nachhaltige Dendromasse KW - Verbundforschungsprojekt Dendrom Y1 - 2008 SN - 0323-4673 VL - 42 IS - 3 SP - 134 EP - 137 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rau, Pei-Luen Patrick A1 - Liu, Jun A1 - Juzek, Christian A1 - Nowacki, Reiner T1 - Fostering Job Satisfaction and Motivation through Power Distance: A study of German Expatriates Leadership in China T2 - Global Business and Management Research: An international Journal Y1 - 2013 SN - 1947-5667 VL - 5 IS - 4 SP - 161 EP - 170 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Juzek, Christian A1 - Berger, Ulrich T1 - Nutzung von Erfahrungswissen im Fahrzeuganlaufmanagement. Bewertung und Auswahl geeigneter Methoden T2 - Zeitschrift für wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb Y1 - 2013 SN - 0947-0085 VL - 108 IS - 6 SP - 399 EP - 404 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schäfer, Stephan A1 - Berger, Ulrich A1 - Schöttke, Dirk A1 - Kämpfe, Thomas T1 - Energieorientierte Prozessführung T2 - atp edition - Automatisierungstechnische Praxis Y1 - 2014 SN - 2190-4111 VL - 54 IS - 10 SP - 24 EP - 31 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gährs, Swantje A1 - Mehler, Katrin A1 - Bost, Mark A1 - Hirschl, Bernd T1 - Acceptance of Ancillary Services and Willingness to Invest in PV-storage-systems T2 - Energy Procedia N2 - Photovoltaikspeicher spielen eine wachsende Rolle im Energiesystem, insbesondere in privaten Haushalten. Sie dienen jedoch nicht nur dazu, den Eigenverbrauch zu erhöhen, sondern eignen sich auch dazu, Systemdienstleistungen zu erbringen: Sie unterstützen die Frequenzhaltung oder können Erzeugungsspitzen kappen. Die Nutzung von Speichern für diese Zwecke kann jedoch den Eigenverbrauch reduzieren und führt daher meist zu ökonomischen Einbußen des Haushalts. Dies kann die Akzeptanz der Nutzung von PV-Speichern für solche Systemdienstleistungen verringern. Zur Analyse der Akzeptanz und Investitionsbereitschaft wurde eine empirische Untersuchung durchgeführt, die zu neuen Erkenntnissen in diesem Bereich beiträgt. KW - Photovoltaik (PV)-storage-systems KW - Photovoltaikspeicher KW - private Haushalte KW - Systemdienstleistungen KW - self-consumption KW - Acceptance of Ancillary Services and Willingness to Invest Y1 - 2015 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1876610215013223 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2015.07.554 SN - 1876-6102 VL - 73 SP - 29 EP - 36 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lehmann, Christian T1 - Utilization of Sensitive Compliant Lightweight Robot Arms for Hydraulic Valve Assembly T2 - Fluid Power Journal Y1 - 2016 SN - 1073-7898 VL - 23 IS - 1 SP - 40 EP - 41 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vogel-Heuser, Birgit A1 - Berger, Ulrich A1 - Schütz, Daniel A1 - Schöler, Thorsten A1 - Jeschke, Sabina A1 - Ewert, Daniel A1 - Niggemann, Oliver A1 - Windmann, Stefan A1 - Lehmann, Christian T1 - Agentenbasierte Cyber-Physische Produktionssysteme: Anwendungen für die Industrie 4.0 T2 - atp-edition Y1 - 2015 SN - 0178-2320 SN - 2190-4111 VL - 57 IS - 9 SP - 36 EP - 45 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Walter, Anja T1 - Die lernfeldorientierte Curriculumentwicklung des Christlichen Verbandes für gesundheits- und sozialpflegerische Bildungsarbeit e.V. in Berlin T2 - PrInterNet KW - Curriculum KW - Lernfeld Y1 - 2006 SN - 1422-8629 SN - 1422-8610 VL - 8 IS - 7-8 SP - 389 EP - 397 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fichtmüller, Franziska A1 - Walter, Anja T1 - Stellungnahme der Sektion Bildung des DV Pflegewissenschaft zum Positionspapier des Deutschen Bildungsrates für Pflegeberufe: Vernetzung von theoretischer und praktischer Pflegeausbildung T2 - Pflege und Gesellschaft Y1 - 2005 UR - http://www.dg-pflegewissenschaft.de/pdf/PfleGe0105Fichtmueller.pdf SN - 1430-9653 VL - 10 IS - 1 SP - 63 EP - 65 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fichtmüller, Franziska A1 - Walter, Anja T1 - Aufmerksam-Sein lernen. Eine Kernkategorie in der Beschreibung der Wirkungszusammenhänge des Lehrens und Lernens in den Pflegeausbildungen T2 - PrInterNet Y1 - 2005 UR - http://www.pflege-wissenschaft.info/pflegewissenschaft/2005/januar/896-GFBXTSJNCMEYRVLHUKZWPD SN - 1422-8629 SN - 1422-8610 VL - 6 IS - 1 SP - 25 EP - 30 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Walter, Anja A1 - Fichtmüller, Franziska T1 - Eine Forschung über das Lehren und Lernen in Pflegeausbildungen T2 - PrInterNet Y1 - 2003 SN - 1422-8629 SN - 1422-8610 VL - 5 IS - 12 SP - 270 EP - 280 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lorenz, Werner T1 - Der Blick des Produzenten - Zur Genealogie bautechnischen Zeichnens T2 - Dresdner Hefte Y1 - 1994 SN - 0863-2138 VL - 23 IS - 1 SP - 39 EP - 44 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lorenz, Werner T1 - "Architectur ist Construction" - Schinkel und Borsig als Baukonstrukteure T2 - Technikgeschichte Y1 - 1994 SN - 0040-117X VL - 61 IS - 4 SP - 313 EP - 328 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lorenz, Werner T1 - 100 Jahre Forthbrücke T2 - Bauingenieur Y1 - 1991 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 66 IS - 9 SP - 416 EP - 418 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lorenz, Werner T1 - Ein Stück Konstruktionskultur - Das neue Gewächshaus in Kew bei London T2 - Bauingenieur Y1 - 1991 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 66 IS - 9 SP - 411 EP - 412 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lorenz, Werner T1 - Die Entwicklung des Dreigelenksystems im 19. Jahrhundert T2 - Stahlbau Y1 - 1990 SN - 0038-9145 VL - 59 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hirschl, Bernd A1 - Ruppert-Winkel, Chantal A1 - Arlinghaus, Robert A1 - Deppisch, Sonja A1 - Eisenack, Klaus A1 - Gottschlich, Daniela A1 - Matzdorf, Bettina A1 - Mölders, Tanja A1 - Padmanabhan, Martina A1 - Selbmann, Kirsten A1 - Ziegler, Rafael A1 - Plieninger, Tobias T1 - Characteristics, emerging needs, and challenges of transdisciplinary sustainability science: experiences from the German Social-Ecological Research Program T2 - Ecology and Society N2 - Transdisciplinary sustainability science (TSS) is a prominent way of scientifically contributing to the solution of sustainability problems. Little is known, however, about the practice of scientists in TSS, especially those early in their career. Our objectives were to identify these practices and to outline the needs and challenges for early career scientists in TSS. Three major challenges were identified: (1) TSS demands openness to a plurality of research designs, theories, and methods, while also requiring shared, explicit, and recursive use of TSS characteristics; (2) researchers in TSS teams must make decisions about trade-offs between achievements of societal and scientific impact, acknowledging that focusing on the time-consuming former aspect is difficult to integrate into a scientific career path; and (3) although generalist researchers are increasingly becoming involved in such TSS research projects, supporting the integration of social, natural, and engineering sciences, specialized knowledge is also required. KW - Social-Ecological Research Program KW - Nachhaltigkeit KW - Transdisciplinary sustainability science (TSS) Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-07739-200313 SN - 1708-3087 VL - 20 IS - 3 SP - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lorenz, Werner T1 - Restaurierung des historischen Palmenhauses in den Royal Botanic Gardens in Kew bei London T2 - Bauingenieur Y1 - 1989 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 64 IS - 7 SP - 325 EP - 326 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lorenz, Werner T1 - Restaurierung eines denkmalgeschützten Gewächshauses in den Royal Botanic Gardens bei London T2 - Bauingenieur Y1 - 1989 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 64 IS - 7 SP - 319 EP - 320 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Brusch, Michael A1 - Baumert, Katrin A1 - Illner, Luisa T1 - Measurement and evaluation of product descriptors with a high relevance from a customers' point of view T2 - International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences N2 - The purpose of this paper is to develop an approach to measure and to evaluate product descriptors which have a high relevance from customers’ point of view. When developing new goods, i.e. products and services, decision makers have to include consumer evaluations within their decision-making process. These evaluations should analyze the product descriptors, which are really relevant from the customers’ point of view and which can be totally different from simple physical or technical attributes in the case of material goods. Besides these several types of product characteristics, the evaluations should consider external influencing factors like the involvement. In this investigation, an empirical data set resulting from a complex technical product-related survey is used. The products analyzed are smartphones and can be seen as representative examples with both objective physical features and subjective design-related attributes. The data collection and analysis will focus on subjective attributes, identifying factors and separating customer segments, e.g. using cluster analysis. Additionally, the existence of influence factors such as the involvement of the customers will be tested. The results show relevant differences from the customers’ point of view with regard to product descriptors which are different for every customer and hard to describe. The investigation leads to five different respondent groups. Additionally, other external (customer behavior-related) influence factors – especially the involvement – can be identified as relevant. The analyses point out that there is a need to analyze the customers on an individual level and to consider influencing factors. The investigation illustrates consequences of the usage of customer individual subjective elements as product descriptors which are relevant from the customers’ viewpoint. The resulting insights are new for researchers from a theoretical and from a practical point of view. The results verify, among others, the needs to analyze the customers on an individual level and to consider external (customer behavior-related) influence factors. KW - Cluster analysis KW - Smartphones KW - Involvement KW - Descriptors Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1108/IJQSS-04-2016-0031 SN - 1756-669X VL - 8 IS - 3 SP - 363 EP - 376 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Götter, Johanna T1 - The cattle raiders leave us no choice: New transhumance in the Mahafaly Plateau region in Madagascar T2 - Madagascar Conservation & Development Y1 - 2016 UR - http://journalmcd.com/index.php/mcd/article/view/434 SN - 1662-2510 VL - 11 IS - 1 SP - 12 EP - 22 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Götter, Johanna A1 - Neudert, Regina T1 - New rules are not rules: Privatization of pastoral commons and local attempts at curtailment in southwest Madagascar T2 - International Journal of the Commons Y1 - 2016 UR - https//www.thecommonsjournal.org/articles/10.18352/ijc.743/ U6 - https://doi.org/10.18352/ijc.743 SN - 1875-0281 VL - 10 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Haase, Florian Vincent A1 - Woll, Ralf T1 - Assessment of Reliability Implementation in Manufacturing Enterprises T2 - Management and Production Engineering Review Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/mper-2016-0012 SN - 2082-1344 VL - 7 IS - 2 SP - 12 EP - 20 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Haase, Florian Vincent A1 - Woll, Ralf T1 - Zeit ist Trumpf - Schnellere Fehlerkorrektur in der Produktion durch Analyse von Feldausfällen T2 - Qualität und Zuverlässigkeit Y1 - 2016 SN - 0720-1214 SN - 0033-5126 VL - 61 IS - 7 SP - 31 EP - 33 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Scherbahn, Vitali A1 - Nizamov, Shavkat A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Plasmonic detection and visualization of directed adsorption of charged single nanoparticles to patterned surfaces T2 - Microchimica Acta N2 - It has recently been shown that surface plasmon microscopy (SPM) allows single nanoparticles (NPs) on sensor surfaces to be detected and analyzed. The authors have applied this technique to study the adsorption of single metallic and plastic NPs. Binding of gold NPs (40, 60 and 100 nm in size) and of 100 nm polystyrene NPs to gold surfaces modified by differently ω-functionalized alkyl thiols was studied first. Self-assembled monolayers (SAM) with varying terminal functions including amino, carboxy, oligo(ethylene glycol), methyl, or trimethylammonium groups were deposited on gold films to form surfaces possessing different charge and hydrophobicity. The affinity of NPs to these surfaces depends strongly on the type of coating. SAMs terminated with trimethylammonium groups and carboxy group display highly different affinity and therefore were preferred when creating patterned charged surfaces. Citrate-stabilized gold NPs and sulfate-terminated polystyrene NPs were used as negatively charged NPs, while branched polyethylenimine-coated silver NPs were used as positively charged NPs. It is shown that the charged patterned areas on the gold films are capable of selectively adsorbing oppositely charged NPs that can be detected and analyzed with an ~1 ng⋅mL−1 detection limit. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-016-1956-7 SN - 1436-5073 VL - 183 IS - 11 SP - 2837 EP - 2845 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pašti, Igor A. A1 - Janošević Ležaić, Aleksandra A1 - Ćirić-Marjanović, Gordana A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Resistive gas sensors based on the composites of nanostructured carbonized polyaniline and Nafion T2 - Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry N2 - Due to constant necessity to have reliable and sensitive gas sensors in many contemporary technologies, there is a permanent need for development of new sensing platforms with good sensing properties. Here, we demonstrate a novel type of resistive gas sensors based on carbonized polyaniline/Nafion composites. The sensing mechanism of such sensors is based on the sorption of gases by the composites which induce Nafion swelling and decreasing of conductivity. Chemosensitive properties can be tuned by the (i) choice of carbon materials with different conductivities, (ii) Nafion content in the composite, and (iii) thickness of the composite layer. We have shown that the sensors respond to water, acetone, ethanol, and ethanol vapors. For the last two cases, we have achieved high sensitivity, fast response, wide concentration range, and good recovery. The use of simultaneous two- and four-point techniques for these sensors provides an internal control of the sensor integrity. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-016-3344-y SN - 1433-0768 VL - 20 IS - 11 SP - 3061 EP - 3069 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Efremenko, Yulia A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Electrically controlled variation of receptor affinity T2 - Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry N2 - A concept of virtual sensor array based on electrically controlled variation of affinity properties of the receptor layer is described. It was realized on the base of integrated electrochemical chemotransistor containing polyaniline as the receptor layer. Electrical control of the redox state of polyaniline was performed in five-electrode configuration containing four electrodes for conductivity measurements and one Ag/AgCl reference electrode. All the electrodes were integrated on the same glass chip. A room-temperature ionic liquid was used for the electrical connection between the reference electrode and chemosensitive material. Conductivity measurements demonstrated effective potential-controlled electrochemical conversions of the receptor material between different redox states. Binding of trimethylamine at three different potentials, corresponding to the different states of the receptor material, was studied. Concentration dependencies and binding kinetics were analyzed. The results demonstrated that the kinetic as well as the equilibrium binding properties of the receptor layer can be controlled by electrical potential, thus providing a possibility to form a virtual sensor array using only a single sensing element. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-016-9751-1 SN - 1618-2650 VL - 408 IS - 26 SP - 7287 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nizamov, Shavkat A1 - Kasian, Olga A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Individual detection and electrochemically assisted identification of adsorbed nanoparticles using surface plasmon resonance microscopy T2 - Angewandte Chemie - International Edition N2 - The increasing production and application of nanoparticles necessitates a highly sensitive analytical method for the quantification and identification of these potentially hazardous materials. We describe here an application of surface plasmon microscopy for the individual detection of each adsorbed nanoparticle and for visualization of its electrochemical conversion. Whereas the adsorption rate characterizes the number concentration of nanoparticles, the potential at which the adsorbed nanoparticles disappear during an anodic potential sweep characterizes the type of material. All the adsorbed nanoparticles are subjected to the potential sweep simultaneously; nevertheless, each of the up to a million adsorbed nanoparticles is identified individually by its electrochemical dissolution potential. The technique has been tested with silver and copper nanoparticles, but can be extended to many other electrochemically active nanomaterials. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201600853 SN - 1521-3773 VL - 55 IS - 25 SP - 7247 EP - 7251 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Inel, Georgiana Anca A1 - Cioateş, Cătălina A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Birzan, Liviu A1 - Ungureanu, Eleonora-Mihaela T1 - Films obtained by electrochemistry from (6-methylazulene-1-yl)selane T2 - UPB Scientific Bulletin, Series C: Electrical Engineering Y1 - 2015 SN - 1454–2331 VL - 77 IS - 2 SP - 3 EP - 18 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Janošević Ležaić, Aleksandra A1 - Bajuk-Bogdanović, Danica A1 - Radoičić, Marija A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Ćirić-Marjanović, Gordana T1 - Influence of synthetic conditions on the structure and electrical properties of nanofibrous polyanilines and their nanofibrous carbonized forms T2 - Synthetic Metals N2 - Nanofibrous polyanilines (PANIs) were synthesized by several oxidative polymerization pathways that have in common the presence of excess oxidant(s) (ammonium peroxydisulfate and its mixture with hydrogen peroxide), the absence of added acid, and the absence of external template (self-assembly process). Conducting forms of the synthesized PANI nanofibers (re)doped with various acids were further used as precursors for carbonization process to obtain nanofibrous carbonaceous materials (Carb-PANIs). Morphology, molecular structure, surface properties and electrical characteristics of PANI nanofibrous precursors and their carbonized counterparts were studied by scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, by measurements of ζ-potential and determination of isoelectric points, as well as by measurements of electrical conductivity. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.synthmet.2016.01.015 SN - 0379-6779 VL - 214 SP - 35 EP - 44 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sidorenko, Irina A1 - Nizamov, Shavkat A1 - Hergenröder, Roland A1 - Zybin, Alexander A1 - Kuzmichev, Alexei A1 - Kiwull, Bettina A1 - Niessner, Reinhard A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Computer assisted detection and quantification of single adsorbing nanoparticles by differential surface plasmon microscopy T2 - Microchimica Acta N2 - Sensitive detection of engineered nanoparticles (NPs) in air and in liquid samples is an important task and still a major challenge in analytical chemistry. Recent work demonstrated that it can be performed using surface plasmon microscopy (SPM) where binding of single NPs to a surface leads to the formation of characteristic patterns in differential SPM images. However, these patterns have to be discriminated from a noisy background. Computer-assisted recognition of nanoparticles offers a solution but requires the development of respective tools for data analysis. Hereby a numerical method for automated detection and characterization of images of single adsorbing NPs in SPM image sequences is presented. The detection accuracy of the method was validated using computer generated images and manual counting. The method was applied for detecting and imaging of gold and silver NPs adsorbing from aqueous dispersions and for soot and NaCl NPs adsorbing from aerosols. The determined adsorption rate was in range 0.1–40 NPs per (s mm2) and linearly dependent on the concentration of nanoparticles. Depending on the type of NPs and signal to noise ratio, a probability of recognition of 90–95 % can be achieved. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-015-1599-0 SN - 1436-5073 VL - 183 IS - 1 SP - 101 EP - 109 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nizamov, Shavkat A1 - Scherbahn, Vitali A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Self-referencing SPR-sensor based on integral measurements of light intensity reflected by arbitrarily distributed sensing and referencing spots T2 - Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical N2 - A new approach for self-referencing in SPR biosensors is reported. The method is technologically simple and applicable for a wide range of existing SPR instrumentation with Kretschmann configuration. It is based on the micropatterning of the sensor area with sensing and referencing areas whose shape and distribution can be chosen arbitrarily and their characteristic sizes are larger than the plasmons propagation length. Provided that roughly a half of the area is used as the sensing area while its optical thickness is different from that of the referencing area, an integral measurement of the intensity of the reflected light over such a patterned surface near the summary resonance conditions exhibits self-referencing properties. An over ten-fold suppression of the effect caused by the variation of the bulk refractive index was observed. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2014.10.022 SN - 0925-4005 VL - 207 IS - A SP - 740 EP - 747 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klemm, Franziska A1 - Johnson, Richard A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Binding of protein nanoparticles to immobilized receptors T2 - Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical N2 - The interaction of nanoparticles manufactured from human serum albumin (HSA) with different types of receptor surfaces was studied. Four different immobilization techniques were used to chemically link the receptors to the detector surfaces, namely: (i) a surface coated by monoclonal antibodies by a single step immobilization technique using carbodiimide, (ii) a surface coated by the same technique but using polyclonal antibodies, (iii) a surface coated by monoclonal antibodies immobilized through the sugar groups of antibodies and (iv) a surface coated by polyclonal antibodies immobilized by the same technique as in (iii). The results showed that there was almost no difference in the affinity of HSA in the molecular form to all of these surfaces. However, the binding behaviour of nanoparticles made from the same protein was quite different as successful nanoparticle binding was only observed when the surfaces were produced using method (ii). Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2014.10.135 SN - 0925-4005 VL - 208 SP - 616 EP - 621 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Drexler, Christoph A1 - Shishkanova, Tatiana V. A1 - Lange, Christoph A1 - Danilov, Sergey N. A1 - Weiss, Dieter A1 - Ganichev, Sergey D. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Terahertz split-ring metamaterials as transducers for chemical sensors based on conducting polymers: a feasibility study with sensing of acidic and basic gases using polyaniline chemosensitive layer T2 - Microchimica Acta N2 - We report on the first application of terahertz metamaterials acting as transducers for chemical sensors based on conducting polymers. In our feasibility study aimed at sensing of gaseous hydrochloric and ammonia, a two-dimensional sensor metamaterial consisting of an array of split-ring resonators on the surface of undoped silicon wafer was prepared. The surface of the resonator was coated with a 150-μm layer of polyaniline. Binding of hydrogen chloride to polyaniline leads to distinct changes in the resonance frequency of the metamaterial. Measurements can be performed both in the reflection and transmission mode. A numerical simulation of the response revealed an increase of both the real and the imaginary components of the dielectric function of the polyaniline film. These changes are attributed to the transition from emaraldine base to emeraldine salt. The results demonstrate a new approach for formation of highly sensitive transducers for chemical sensors. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5283/epub.31493 SN - 1436-5073 VL - 181 SP - 1857 EP - 1862 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lyutov, Vladimir V. A1 - Ivanov, Svetlozar D. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Tsakova, Vessela T. T1 - Polyaniline doped with poly(acrylamidomethylpropanesulphonic acid): electrochemical behaviour and conductive properties in neutral solutions T2 - Chemical Papers N2 - Poly(2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulphonic acid) (PAMPSA)-doped polyaniline (PANI) layers are synthesised in the presence of sulphuric and perchloric acids. The effects of the inorganic acid as well as of the electrochemical synthetic procedure (potentiostatic and potentiodynamic deposition) and thickness of the polymer layers are studied. The focus is directed towards the pH dependence of the electrochemical redox activity and conductivity of the PAMPSA-doped PANI layers obtained under different conditions. Ascorbic acid oxidation is used as a test reaction to study the electrocatalytic behaviour of various PAMPSA-doped PANI layers in neutral solution. It is found that the type of inorganic component present in the polymerisation solution has a marked effect on the extent of doping in acidic solutions as well as on the redox electroactivity in neutral solutions. A comparison between potentiostatically and potentiodynamically synthesised layers at pH 7 shows a markedly lower conductance and lower extent of redox charge preservation in the case of potentiodynamic synthesis. The PANI electrocatalytic activity for ascorbic acid oxidation is also dependent on the polymer electrodeposition procedure, with potentiostatically synthesised layers exhibiting better electrocatalytic performance. KW - polyaniline KW - polyacids KW - PAMPSA KW - conductance KW - electrochemical Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2478/s11696-013-0341-9 SN - 1336-9075 VL - 67 IS - 8 SP - 1002 EP - 1011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Barig, Susann A1 - Schiemann, Manja A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Stahmann, Klaus-Peter T1 - Quantitative turbidity assay for lipolytic enzymes in microtiter plates T2 - Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry N2 - A clearing assay for lipolytic enzymes has been realized in 96-well microtiter plates. A thin layer containing emulsified tributyrin as turbidity-generating substrate was placed on a thicker supporting aqueous layer. Both layers were stabilized by a gel-forming agent. Enzyme addition leads to clearing of the emulsion detected with a standard microtiter plate reader as a decrease of extinction. Dependencies of the signal kinetics on the substrate and enzyme concentrations were studied. For 0.5–1 % tributyrin content the reaction rate is not substrate-limited. An initial slope of the signal kinetics is proportional to the lipase activity. A detailed characterization of the assay was performed. Lipolysis of tributyrin was confirmed by glycerol detection. Various gel-forming agents were compared and diffusion conditions in these gels were analyzed. Agar and agarose were found to be the most suitable gel-forming agents, which do not affect enzyme diffusion whereas polyacrylamide gels block lipase diffusion and therefore are not suitable for the assay. The optimized assay prepared from 1 % tributyrin emulsion in 2 % agar gel was tested with six microbial lipases and porcine pancreatic lipase. The detection limit is 20–60 ng/well which is equivalent to 30 μU/well for T. lanuginosus lipase. KW - Lipase assay KW - Lipolytic enzymes KW - Microtiter plates KW - Turbidity KW - Tributyrin Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-013-7283-5 SN - 1618-2650 VL - 405 IS - 26 SP - 8539 EP - 8547 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lange, Ulrich A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Electroanalytical measurements without electrolytes: Conducting polymers as probes for redox titration in non-conductive organic media T2 - Analytica Chimica Acta N2 - Electroanalytical methods have been applied only in conducting media. An application of conducting polymers allows to overcome this limitation. If such material is in electrochemical equilibrium with dissolved redox active species, its electrical conductivity depends on the redox potential of these species. Therefore, conductometric measurements with conducting polymers can provide about the same information as classical redox electrodes. The approach was applied for redox titration. Equivalent points obtained by this titration in aqueous and organic electrolytes were identical. Then the approach was applied for determination of bromine number by redox titration in non-conducting organic phase. KW - Conducting polymers KW - Redox titration KW - Conductometric sensors KW - Non-conductive media Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2012.07.024 SN - 0003-2670 VL - 744 SP - 29 EP - 32 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lange, Ulrich A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Polythiophene films on gold electrodes: A comparison of bulk and contact resistances in aqueous and organic media T2 - Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry N2 - Recently, developed technique for separated analysis of bulk and contact resistance was applied for the investigation of polythiophene films electropolymerized in boron trifluoride diethylether. Kinetics of polymer resistance and for the first time of the contact resistance during polymer oxidation and reduction were characterized. Influence of electrochemically controlled oxidation state on the polymer bulk and the polymer/metal contact resistance was measured in aqueous and organic environment. Variation of the electrical potential from −0.2 to 1.1 V vs. Ag/AgCl (sat) leads to an increase of the polymer conductivity for about three orders of magnitude and to a decrease of the contact resistance for about three orders of magnitude. The potential dependence of the two resistances was different, especially at high anodic potentials. In organic solution, the change of both resistances was more than six orders of magnitude. The results were compared with electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical data, a difference in the material behavior depending on the electrolyte solvent was observed. The influence of electrical potential on polymer resistance in aqueous solution was explained quantitatively by a three-state model with the values of oxidation potential +0.3 and +1.2 V. KW - Polythiophene KW - In situ conductivity measurement KW - s24-Technique KW - Spectroelectrochemistry KW - Conducting polymers Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-011-1450-4 SN - 1433-0768 VL - 15 IS - 11 SP - 2377 EP - 2382 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nizamov, Shavkat A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Self-referencing SPR-biosensors based on penetration difference of evanescent waves T2 - Biosensors and Bioelectronics N2 - SPR based biosensors register binding of analytes to the surface with immobilized receptors by measuring changes of the refractive index near this surface. An important task in the improvement of this measurement technology is a separation of signals, corresponding to the changes in the chemosensitive layer, from undesired contributions of bulk phase, for example, due to fluctuations of temperature, concentrations of solutes, pressure. The wavelength of the incident light influences strongly the penetration depth of the corresponding evanescent wave. This dependence was exploited here for compensation of the contribution of the bulk refractive index. It was performed using differential SPR measurements at two wavelengths with differing penetration depths. Theoretical analysis and numerical optimization of the suggested approach, named a Penetration Difference Self-Referencing SPR (PDSR-SPR), were performed. Experimental test was performed using 658 and 980 nm laser diodes. Over 20 times suppression of variations of bulk refractive index with magnitude up to 1000 μRIU was observed. Finally, PDSR-SPR approach was applied for monitoring of antibodies binding to the immobilized antigens. KW - Surface plasmon resonance KW - SPR-biosenso KW - Evanescent wave KW - Affinity senso KW - Immunosensor Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2011.07.030 SN - 0956-5663 VL - 28 IS - 1 SP - 263 EP - 269 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lange, Ulrich A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Integrated electrochemical transistor as a fast recoverable gas sensor T2 - Analytica Chimica Acta N2 - A new design of conductometric chemical sensors based on conducting polymers as chemosensitive elements was suggested. The sensor includes six electrodes. Four inner electrodes coated by chemosensitive polymer are used for simultaneous two- and four-point resistance measurements thus providing information on the bulk polymer resistance and on the resistance of the polymer/electrode contacts. Two outer electrodes wired to inner electrodes by polymeric electrolyte are used for electrical control of redox state of the chemosensitive polymer. The outer electrodes are connected to potentiostat as reference and counter electrodes. It allows us to control redox state of the inner (working) electrodes. This new measurement configuration, resembling chemosensitive electrochemical transistors, provides an internal test of the sensor integrity and an electrically driven sensor regeneration. It was tested as a sensor for the detection of nitrogen dioxide. Polythiophene or polyaniline was used as receptors. Cyclic voltammograms of these polymers on the sensor surface measured in air atmosphere were very similar to that measured in aqueous electrolyte. A control of conductivity of these chemosensitive polymers by electrical potential applied vs. incorporated reference electrode was demonstrated. This effect was used for the regeneration of the chemosensitive material after exposure to nitrogen dioxide: in comparison to usual chemiresistors displaying an irreversible behavior in such test even in the time scale of hours, a completely reversible sensor regeneration within few minutes was observed. KW - Gas sensor KW - Conducting polyme KW - Electrochemical transistor KW - Six-point resistance Measurement KW - Sensor recovery Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2010.12.008 SN - 0003-2670 VL - 687 IS - 1 SP - 7 EP - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lange, Ulrich A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Chemiresistors based on conducting polymers: A review on measurement techniques T2 - Analytica Chimica Acta N2 - This review covers the development of measurement configurations for chemiresistors based on conducting polymers. The simplest chemiresistors are based on application of a two-electrode technique. Artifacts caused by contact resistance can be overcome by application of a four-electrode technique. Simultaneous application of the two- and four-electrode measurement configurations provides an internal control of sensor integrity. An incorporation of two additional electrodes controlling the redox state of chemosensitive polymers and connecting to the measurement electrodes through liquid or (quasi)solid electrolyte results in a six-electrode technique; an electrically driven regeneration of such sensors allows one to perform fast and completely reversible measurements. KW - Chemiresistor KW - Chemotransistor KW - Conducting polymer KW - Chemosensor KW - Contact resistance KW - s24-Technique Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2010.11.030 SN - 0003-2670 VL - 687 IS - 2 SP - 105 EP - 113 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lange, Ulrich A1 - Hirsch, Thomas A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Wolfbeis, Otto S. T1 - Hydrogen sensor based on graphene - palladium nanocomposite T2 - Electrochimica Acta N2 - A composite material was prepared from graphene and palladium nanoparticles (PdNP) by layer-by-layer deposition on gold electrodes. The material was characterized by absorption spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and surface plasmon resonance. Cyclic voltammetry demonstrated the presence of electrocatalytic centers in the palladium decorated graphene. This material can serve as a sensor material for hydrogen at levels from 0.5 to 1% in synthetic air. Pure graphene is poorly sensitive to hydrogen, but incorporation of PdNPs increases its sensitivity by more than an order of magnitude. The effects of hydrogen, nitrogen dioxide and humidity were studied. Sensor regeneration is accelerated in humid air. The sensitivity of the nanocomposite depends on the number of bilayers of graphene–PdNPs. KW - Graphene KW - Palladium KW - Nanoparticle KW - Sensor KW - Layer-by-layer Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2010.10.078 SN - 0013-4686 VL - 56 IS - 10 SP - 3707 EP - 3712 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lange, Ulrich A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Chemosensitive nanocomposite for conductometric detection of hydrazine and NADH T2 - Electrochimica Acta N2 - A new chemosensitive material based on palladium nanoparticles and PEDOT-PSS is described. The composite was characterized by transmission electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry and in situ resistance measurements. The material was applied for conductometric detection of hydrazine and NADH. Upon exposure to these analytes PEDOT is reduced leading to an increase in its conductance. This process is catalyzed by palladium. A model for description of the potential dependence of polymer conductivity was suggested, tested and applied for the development of new calibration procedure of chemiresistors based on electroactive polymers. KW - Chemosensor KW - Chemiresistor KW - Nanoparticles KW - Palladium KW - PEDOT KW - Hydrazine KW - NADH Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2010.08.092 SN - 0013-4686 VL - 56 IS - 10 SP - 3679 EP - 3684 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Moor, Irene A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Richter, Matthias T1 - Explaining socioeconomic inequalities in self-rated health - A systematic review of the relative contribution of material, psychological and behavioural factors T2 - Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2016-207589 SN - 1470-2738 VL - 71 IS - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berens, Eva-Maria A1 - Yilmaz-Aslan, Yüce A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Razum, Oliver T1 - Determinants of mammography screening participation among Turkish immigrant women in Germany – a qualitative study reflecting key informants’ and women’s perspectives. T2 - European Journal of Cancer Care Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/ecc.12334 SN - 1365-2354 VL - 25 IS - 1 SP - 38 EP - 48 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Reeske, Anna A1 - Norredam, Marie A1 - Smith Nielsen, Signe A1 - Lehnardt, Jessica A1 - Razum, Oliver T1 - Suicide among immigrants in Europe — a systematic literature review T2 - The European Journal of Public Health Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/cku121 SN - 1464-360X VL - 25 IS - 1 SP - 63 EP - 71 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bleicher, Achim A1 - Schlaich, Mike A1 - Fujino, Yozo A1 - Schauer, Thomas T1 - Model-based design and experimental validation of active vibration control for a stress ribbon bridge using pneumatic muscle actuators T2 - Engineering Structures Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2011.02.035 SN - 0141-0296 VL - 33 IS - 8 SP - 2237 EP - 2247 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Haeberle, Jörg A1 - Brizzi, Simone A1 - Gaspar, Diana A1 - Barquinha, Pedro A1 - Galazka, Zbigniew A1 - Schulz, Detlev A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - A spectroscopic comparison of IGZO thin film and the parent In2O3, Ga2O3, and ZnO single crystals T2 - Materials Research Express N2 - We use resonant photoelectron spectroscopy at the Zn 2p, Ga 2p, In 3d, and O 1s absorption edges to report on the electronic properties of indium–gallium–zinc-oxide thin films. We also compare the data with the respective data of the corresponding single crystals In2O3, Ga2O3, and ZnO. We focus on the elemental composition and, in particular, find no evidence for oxygen deficiency. The In, Ga, and Zn absorption data at resonance can be used to analyze the conduction band states in detail. We deduce that a configuration interaction between d10s0 and d9s1states is of importance. We provided a novel mechanism in which configuration interaction induced gap states create both, extended unoccupied states around E F as well as localized occupied states within the gap. KW - transparent conducting oxides (TCO) KW - resonant photoelectron spectroscopy KW - in-gapdefect states Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/3/10/106302 SN - 2053-1591 VL - 3 IS - 10 SP - 106302-1 EP - 106302-17 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maikämper, Moritz T1 - Akteursmodelle in multilateralen Prozessen der Stadtentwicklung T2 - RaumPlanung N2 - Traditionelle Akteursmodelle in der Stadtentwicklung stellen bilateral Stadt und Öffentlichkeit oder trilateral Kommune, Wirtschaft und Zivilgesellschaft gegenüber. Die Wirklichkeit der Stadtentwicklung ist oft komplexer. Im Herbst 2015 warfen drei Fachtagungen verschiedene Schlaglichter auf die Akteure der Stadtentwicklung. Sie bieten den Anlass, alte Modelle und neue Diskussionsansätze gegenüberzustellen und zu reflektieren. Darauf aufbauend werden Vorschläge für ein neues Akteursmodell unterbreitet. N2 - Traditional actor models in urban development either contrast bilaterally the municipality and the public or trilaterally the municipality, the economy and the public. In reality, urban development is more complex. In the autumn of 2015, three German conferences variously highlighted the actors of urban development. These conferences give rise to contrast traditional actor models with new discursive approaches. On this basis, proposals on a new actor model are made. KW - Akteursmodelle KW - Stadtentwicklung KW - Intermediäre KW - Institutionalisierung von Beteiligung KW - actor models KW - urban development KW - intermediaries KW - institutionalisation of public participation Y1 - 2016 SN - 0176-7534 IS - 187/5 SP - 35 EP - 41 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nizamov, Shavkat A1 - Scherbahn, Vitali A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Detection and quantification of single engineered nanoparticles in complex samples using template matching in wide-field surface plasmon microscopy T2 - Analytical Chemistry N2 - An ultrasensitive analytical method for direct detection of single nanoparticles in complex environment is described. The method relies on the wide-field surface plasmon microscopy (SPM). The suppression of matrix effects is achieved by image analysis based on the template matching. First, characteristic SPM images of nanoparticles are collected in aqueous suspensions. Then the detection of nanoparticles in complex environment is performed using template matching. Quantification and characterization of nanoparticles size was demonstrated at subppb level (∼ 100 pg/mL) in such complex media as wines, fruit juices, or cosmetic formulation. Visualization of the nanoparticles is performed in real time. The method does not require any sample pretreatment. If the minimally acceptable adsorption rate is defined as one nanoparticle to the whole sensor surface per few seconds, the working range of the method is ∼ 10 6 to 10 10 nanoparticles per mL. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.6b02878 SN - 1520-6882 VL - 88 IS - 20 SP - 10206 EP - 10214 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bartholomé, Susanne Elisabeth A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Feldmann, Markus A1 - Geßler, Achim A1 - Ummenhofer, Thomas A1 - Ruff, Daniel T1 - Alternative Verstärkungsmaßnahme im Stahlbau mit aufgeklebten unidirektionalen CFK-Lamellen T2 - Schweißen und Schneiden Y1 - 2016 SN - 0036-7184 VL - 68 IS - 8 SP - 490 EP - 499 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liu, Xiaohan A1 - Schauer, Thomas A1 - Goldack, Arndt A1 - Bleicher, Achim A1 - Schlaich, Mike T1 - Accelerometer-based estimation and modal velocity feedback vibration control of a stress-ribbon bridge with pneumatic muscles T2 - Journal of Physics: Conference Series Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/744/1/012041 SN - 1742-6596 N1 - Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Motion and Vibration Control (MOVIC 2016) and the 12th International Conference on Recent Advances in Structural Dynamics (RASD 2016) VL - 744 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bleicher, Achim A1 - Schauer, Thomas A1 - Valtin, M. A1 - Raisch, Jörg A1 - Schlaich, Mike T1 - Active vibration control of a light and flexible stress ribbon footbridge using pneumatic muscles T2 - IFAC Proceedings Volumes Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3182/20110828-6-IT-1002.02781 N1 - Proceedings of the 18th World Congress, The International Federation of Automatic Control Milano (Italy) August 28 - September 2, 2011 VL - 44 IS - 1 SP - 911 EP - 916 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jäger, Andreas A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut T1 - Studien zum Beulverhalten von eng ringversteiften Kreiszylinderschalen unter Axialdruck T2 - Bauingenieur Y1 - 2016 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 91 IS - 10 SP - 401 EP - 409 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berens, Eva-Maria A1 - Stahl, Lisa A1 - Yilmaz-Aslan, Yüce A1 - Sauzet, Odile A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Razum, Oliver T1 - Participation in breast cancer screening among women of Turkish origin in Germany - a register-based study T2 - BMC Women's Health Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:0070-pub-26613854 SN - 1472-6874 VL - 14 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Moor, Irene A1 - Lampert, Thomas A1 - Rathmann, Katharina A1 - Kuntz, Benjamin A1 - Kolip, Petra A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Richter, Matthias T1 - Explaining educational inequalities in adolescent life satisfaction: Do health behaviour and gender matter T2 - International Journal of Public Health Y1 - 2014 SN - 1661-8564 VL - 59 IS - 2 SP - 309 EP - 317 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Makarova, Nataliya A1 - Reiss, Katharina A1 - Zeeb, Hajo A1 - Razum, Oliver A1 - Spallek, Jacob T1 - Verbesserte Möglichkeiten zur Identifikation von Menschen mit Migrationshintergrund für die Mortalitätsforschung am Beispiel Bremens T2 - Gesundheitswesen Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1321767 SN - 1439-4421 SN - 0941-3790 VL - 75 IS - 6 SP - 360 EP - 365 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reiss, Katharina A1 - Makarova, Nataliya A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Zeeb, Hajo A1 - Razum, Oliver T1 - Identifizierung und Rekrutierung von Menschen mit Migrationshintergrund für epidemiologische Studien in Deutschland T2 - Gesundheitswesen Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0032-1321768 SN - 1439-4421 SN - 0941-3790 VL - 75 IS - 6 SP - e49 EP - e58 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reeske, Anna A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Bammann, Karin A1 - Eiben, Gabriele A1 - De Henauw, Stefaan A1 - Kourides, Yiannis A1 - Nagy, Peter A1 - Ahrens, Wolfgang T1 - Migrant Background and Weight Gain in Early Infancy: Results from the German Study Sample of the IDEFICS Study T2 - PLoS One Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0060648 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 8 IS - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Breckenkamp, Jürgen A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Kraywinkel, Klaus A1 - Krieg, V. A1 - Schwabe, Wolfgang A1 - Greiner, Wolfgang A1 - Damm, Oliver A1 - Hense, H. W. A1 - Razum, Oliver T1 - Abgleich von Verwaltungsdaten des Medizinischen Dienstes der Krankenversicherung mit Krebsregisterdaten T2 - Gesundheitswesen Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0031-1286274 SN - 1439-4421 SN - 0941-3790 VL - 74 IS - 7 SP - e52 EP - e60 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Arnold, Melina A1 - Razum, Oliver A1 - Juel, Knud A1 - Rey, Gregoire A1 - Deboosere, Patrick A1 - Mackenbach, Johan Pieter A1 - Kunst, Anton Eduard T1 - Cancer mortality patterns among Turkish immigrants in four European countries and in Turkey T2 - European Journal of Epidemiology Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-012-9746-y SN - 1573-7284 SN - 0393-2990 VL - 27 IS - 12 SP - 915 EP - 921 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Reeske, Anna A1 - Grosser, Angelique A1 - Schwabe, Wolfgang A1 - Rieger, Michael A1 - Krahn, U. A1 - Razum, Oliver T1 - Pflegebedürftigkeit bei türkischstämmigen und nicht-türkischstämmigen Säuglingen. Eine Analyse der Pflegegutachten des MDK-Westfalen-Lippe von 2004 bis 2008 T2 - Gesundheitswesen Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0031-1286276 SN - 1439-4421 SN - 0941-3790 VL - 74 IS - 8-9 SP - 485 EP - 487 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schlaich, Mike A1 - Bleicher, Achim A1 - Nier, Mathias T1 - Die Weinbergbrücke in Rathenow T2 - Bauingenieur Y1 - 2016 SN - 0005-6650 SN - 1436-4867 VL - 91 IS - 2 SP - 71 EP - 80 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Höpker, T. A1 - Lampert, Thomas A1 - Spallek, Jacob T1 - Identifizierung und Charakterisierung von Gesundheitsverhaltenstypen bei 11- bis 17-jährigen Jungen und Mädchen. Eine Clusteranalyse auf Basis der Daten des Kinder- und Jugendgesundheitssurveys (KiGGS) T2 - Gesundheitswesen Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0034-1372619 SN - 1439-4421 SN - 0941-3790 VL - 76 IS - 7 SP - 453 EP - 461 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bleicher, Achim T1 - Aktive Schwingungskontrolle einer Spannbandbrücke mit pneumatischen Aktuatoren T2 - Bautechnik Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/bate.201201539 SN - 1437-0999 VL - 89 IS - 2 SP - 89 EP - 101 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Lehnhardt, Jessica A1 - Reeske, Anna A1 - Razum, Oliver A1 - David, Matthias T1 - Perinatal outcomes of immigrant women of Turkish, Middle Eastern and North African origin in Berlin, Germany: a comparison of two time periods T2 - Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-013-2986-6 SN - 1432-0711 SN - 0932-0067 VL - 289 IS - 3 SP - 505 EP - 512 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schlaich, Mike A1 - Bleicher, Achim T1 - Spannbandbrücke mit Kohlenstofffaser-Lamellen T2 - Bautechnik Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/bate.200710028 SN - 1437-0999 VL - 84 IS - 5 SP - 311 EP - 319 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reiss, Katharina A1 - Sauzet, Odile A1 - Breckenkamp, Jürgen A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Razum, Oliver T1 - How do immigrants adapt their smoking behaviour? A comparative analysis among Turkish immigrants in Germany and the Netherlands T2 - BMC Public Health Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-844 SN - 1471-2458 VL - 14 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Moor, Irene A1 - Rathmann, Katharina A1 - Stronks, Karien A1 - Levin, Kate A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Richter, Matthias T1 - Psychosocial and behavioural factors in the explanation of socioeconomic inequalities in adolescent health. A multilevel analysis in 28 European and North American countries T2 - Journal of epidemiology and community health Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1136/jech-2014-203933 SN - 1470-2738 VL - 68 IS - 10 SP - 912 EP - 921 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dasgupta, Sunanda A1 - Dreiack, Nadine A1 - Ay, Peter T1 - Melt crystallization kinetics for enrichment of highly unsaturated fatty acid fractions based on Linseed oil T2 - Journal of Environmental Research And Development N2 - Naturally occurring plant based fats and oils have a huge potential as renewable resources to synthesize chemically new products apart from being widely used as ingredients in various kind of food and cosmetics. Oils are triglycerides which are basically tri-esters made of glycerol and three fatty acids. The latter finds application on one hand as raw material for the polymerization of epoxy resins whereas on the other in the manufacturing of biodiesel amongst others. Melt crystallization as a method to enrich a fatty acid mixture with higher unsaturated fractions is becoming increasingly established. A polyunsaturated fatty acid mixture with high concentration of linolenic acid (C 18:3) was chosen for this work. This linolenic oil fatty acid rich mixture was subjected to different temperature profiles in order to optimize maximum yield of unsaturated fatty acid in the mother liquor post isothermal centrifugal separation. The influence of the temperature profile on the quality of the desired product was thereby investigated. To examine the exact composition of the resulting product several analytical methods like Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Gas Chromatography (GC) were developed and performed. Product compositions with a total saturated content (C16:0 - palmitic acid and C18:0 - stearic acid) of below 3% was achieved successfully. KW - melt crystallization KW - linseed oil KW - poly-unsaturated fatty acid mixture KW - differential scanning calorimetry KW - gas chromatography Y1 - 2016 UR - http://www.jerad.org/ppapers/dnload.php?vl=11&is=1&st=1 SN - 0973-6921 SN - 2319-5983 VL - 11 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Eckert, Karl-Andreas A1 - Dasgupta, Sunanda A1 - Selge, Benjamin A1 - Ay, Peter T1 - Construction and comparison of solid liquid phase diagrams of binary sat-sat and unsat-unsat fatty acid mixtures comprising two of palmitic/stearic/oleic/linoleic/linolenic acid T2 - Journal of Environmental Research And Development N2 - In this paper, binary phase diagrams of the five main fatty acids present in edible oil based mixtures are shown. While previously the binary systems of one saturated and one unsaturated acid were investigated, in this work the binary mixtures comprise of palmitic (C16:0) and stearic acid (C18:0) or a binary mixture of oleic (C18:1), linoleic (C18:2) or linolenic acid (C18:3). In order to obtain the phase diagrams with all the solid liquid and solid phase transitions, the mixtures were analyzed by means of Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Phase change boundary functions based on thermodynamic models and experimental values were fitted and compared. The phase diagrams obtained show behaviors in good agreement to literature. The paper contributes to the deeper understanding of the essential phase change effects during industrial crystallization processes. KW - Binary mixtures KW - Solid liquid equilibrium KW - Saturated and unsaturated fatty acids KW - Phase diagram KW - DSC Y1 - 2016 UR - http://www.jerad.org/ppapers/dnload.php?vl=10&is=4&st=612 SN - 0973-6921 SN - 2319-5983 VL - 10 IS - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Steger, Jette A1 - Fischer, Saskia M. A1 - Schubarth, Wilfried A1 - Kunze, Ulrike T1 - Ist das schon Gewalt? Zur Bedeutung des Gewaltverständnisses von Lehrkräften für ihren Umgang mit Mobbing und für das Handeln von Schülerinnen und Schülern T2 - Zeitschrift für Pädagogik N2 - Der Beitrag untersucht erstmals an einer deutschen Stichprobe Verbindungen zwischen dem Gewaltverständnis von Lehrkräften und ihrer Wahrneh­mung von Schülermobbing, ihren Reaktionen sowie den Auswirkungen auf das Schüler­verhalten. Hierfür werden Berichte über reale Mobbingfälle von N = 556 Lehrkräften und N = 2071 Schülerinnen und Schülern miteinander verknüpft und analysiert. Die Ergeb­nisse zeigen, dass die Breite des Gewaltverständnisses Einfluss darauf nimmt, welche Art des Mobbings wahrgenommen wird und ob Lehrkräfte in diesen Situationen interve­nieren. Darüber hinaus kann nachgewiesen werden, dass ein breiter Gewaltbegriff auf Lehrerseite mit einer höheren Interventionsbereitschaft der Schülerinnen und Schüler in relationalen Mobbingsituationen einhergeht. KW - Lehrerüberzeugungen KW - Schülermobbing KW - Gewalt KW - Lehrerwahrnehmung KW - Schule Y1 - 2016 SN - 0044-3247 VL - 62 IS - 6 SP - 841 EP - 860 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Naveed, Muhammad A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Zak, Andrzej A1 - Dudzinski, Wlodzimierz A1 - Volinsky, Alex A. A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Sputtering Power Effects on Growth and Mechanical Properties of Cr2AlC MAX Phase Coatings T2 - Metals N2 - Coating growth and mechanical properties of nanolamellar Cr2AlC coatings at various sputtering power were investigated in the present study. Cr2AlC coating was deposited on the IN 718 superalloy and (100) Si wafers by DC magnetron sputtering at different sputtering powers. The structure and properties were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and nanoindentation. It was found that coatings had columnar structure with nanocrystalline substructure. Deposition rate increased with the sputtering power. XRD results showed the presence of the Cr2AlC MAX phase, intermetallic AlCr2 and Cr7C3 carbide phases, along with the change in preferential coating growth orientation. TEM observations confirmed the occurrence of these phases, and the SAED patterns demonstrated significant texture of the coatings. Hardness values were measured in the range between 11–14 GPa, showing a slight increase with the sputtering power. KW - MAX Phase KW - Cr2AlC KW - TEM Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/met6110265 SN - 2075-4701 VL - 6 IS - 11 SP - 265 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Witkowska, Ewa Anna T1 - Reconsideration of the Prebisch-Singer Hypothesis T2 - Real-world economics review N2 - In this paper, the long-term price developments as well as the primary commodity terms of trade of the most important primary commodities are presented, together with the underlying reasons for these trends. It is discussed if the observed trends can provide a confirmation of the Prebisch-Singer Hypothesis. Thereafter, the terms of trade of selected EU member countries are shown and the presumption is made, that the idea of the Prebisch-Singer Hypothesis can be used for the explanation of the diverging terms of trade development of industrialized countries with different export structures. A possible cause lies in the differing specialization in specific export sectors of these countries and the corresponding price developments of the exported goods. KW - international trade KW - terms of trade KW - commodity prices Y1 - 2016 UR - www.paecon.net/PAEReview/issue76/Witkowska76.pdf VL - 76 SP - 95 EP - 108 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reinhardt, Fritjof A1 - Reichmann, Heinz A1 - Altmann, Olaf A1 - Reckhardt, Markus Christoph A1 - Krönert, Tabea A1 - Suchfort, Maik A1 - Vogel, Steffen A1 - Nitzsche, Nico T1 - Klinische und paraklinische Schlaganfallverlaufscharakteristik zur Prozessoptimierung auf der Stroke Unit T2 - Aktuelle Neurologie Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0033-1360086 SN - 1431-4886 SN - 0302-4350 VL - 41 IS - 2 SP - 90 EP - 99 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lenk, Kerstin A1 - Ylä-Outinen, Laura A1 - Tietz, Lukas H. B. A1 - Narkilahti, Susanna A1 - Hyttinen, Jari A. K. T1 - Simulation of developing human neuronal cell networks T2 - BioMedical Engineering OnLine Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12938-016-0226-6 SN - 1475-925X VL - 15 SP - 105 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reeske, Anna A1 - Zeeb, Hajo A1 - Razum, Oliver A1 - Spallek, Jacob T1 - Differences in the Incidence of Gestational Diabetes between Women of Turkish and German Origin: An Analysis of Health Insurance Data From a Statutory Health Insurance in Berlin, Germany (AOK), 2005–2007 T2 - Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0031-1280428 SN - 0016-5751 VL - 72 IS - 4 SP - 305 EP - 310 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reeske, Anna A1 - Kutschmann, Marcus A1 - Razum, Oliver A1 - Spallek, Jacob T1 - Stillbirth differences according to regions of origin: an analysis of the German perinatal database, 2004-2007 T2 - BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2393-11-63 SN - 1471-2393 VL - 11 SP - 63 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ghosh, Sujoy Kumar A1 - Biswas, Anirban A1 - Sen, Shrabanee A1 - Das, Chittaranjan A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Mandal, Dipankar T1 - Yb3+ Assisted Self-Polarized PVDF Based Ferroelectretic Nanogenerator: A Facile Strategy of Highly Efficient Mechanical Energy Harvester Fabrication T2 - Nano Energy N2 - Ytterbium (Yb3+) assisted porous poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) composite film comprising flexible ferroelectretic nanogenerator (FTNG) is highlighted where traditional poling treatment is completely avoided. The piezoelectric output of FTNG is realized by the co-operative activity of self-polarized -CH2/-CF2 dipoles with porous electret-like structure in the composite film. Owing to extraordinary ferroelectric and dielectric properties, FTNG is acting as a highly efficient mechanical energy harvester. It is capable to capture several forms of abundant mechanical energy arising from humanfinger movements, machine vibrations and sound waves. As a proof of concept, under compressive deformation, FTNG is enable to instantly powers up several consumer electronics and thus provides a promising strategy for achieving self-powered electronic devices. KW - PVDF KW - Yb 3+ KW - Porous ferroelectret material KW - Self-polarization KW - Ferroelectretic nanogenerator KW - Mechanical energy harvester KW - Self-powered electronics Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2016.10.042 SN - 2211-2855 VL - 2016 IS - 30 SP - 621 EP - 629 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mendoza-Lera, Clara A1 - Frossard, Aline A1 - Knie, Matthias A1 - Federlein, Laura L. A1 - Gessner, Mark O. A1 - Mutz, Michael T1 - Importance of advective mass transfer and sediment surface area for streambed microbial communities T2 - Freshwater Biology KW - community respiration KW - lowland streams Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/fwb.12856 SN - 1365-2427 VL - 62 IS - 1 SP - 133 EP - 145 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte A1 - Weyer, Klaus van de A1 - Leßmann, Dieter T1 - Limnologie von Bergbauseen der Lausitz – Besiedlung und Bewertung T2 - Berichte der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft der Oberlausitz KW - mining lakes KW - plankton KW - acidification Y1 - 2016 SN - 0941-0627 N1 - Erweiterter Vortrag zur 23. Jahrestagung 2013 „Bergbau in der Lausitz - Eingriffe und Landschaftsentwicklungen“ VL - 24 SP - 83 EP - 102 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Benfatto, Lara A1 - Castellani, Claudio A1 - Lorenzana, José T1 - Amplitude, density, and current correlations of strongly disordered superconductors T2 - Physical Review B N2 - We investigate the disorder dependence of the static density, amplitude, and current correlations within the attractive Hubbard model supplemented with onsite disorder. It is found that strong disorder favors a decoupling of density and amplitude correlations due to the formation of superconducting (SC) islands. This emergent granularity also induces an enhancement of the density correlations on the SC islands whereas amplitude fluctuations are most pronounced in the “insulating” regions. While density and amplitude correlations are short ranged at strong disorder, we show that current correlations have a long-range tail due to the formation of percolative current paths in agreement with the constant behavior expected from the analysis of one-dimensional models. Y1 - 2015 UR - http://journals.aps.org/prb/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevB.92.064512 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.92.064512 SN - 2469-9969 VL - 92 IS - 6 SP - 064512 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bovenzi, Nicolo A1 - Finocchiaro, Francesca A1 - Scopigno, Nicantro A1 - Bucheli, Daniel A1 - Caprara, Sergio A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Grilli, Marco T1 - Possible Mechanisms of Electronic Phase Separation in Oxide Interfaces T2 - Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism N2 - LaAlO 3/SrTiO 3 and LaTiO 3/SrTiO 3 (LXO / STO) interfaces are known to host a strongly inhomogeneous (nearly) two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG). In this work, we present three unconventional electronic mechanisms of electronic phase separation (EPS) in a 2DEG as a possible source of inhomogeneity in oxide interfaces. Common to all three mechanisms is the dependence of some (interaction) potential on the 2DEGs density. We first consider a mechanism resulting from a sizable density-dependent Rashba spin-orbit coupling. Next, we point out that an EPS may also occur in the case of a density-dependent superconducting pairing interaction. Finally, we show that the confinement of the 2DEG to the interface by a density-dependent, self-consistent electrostatic potential can by itself cause an EPS. KW - Oxide interfaces KW - Superconductivity KW - Electronic phase separation Y1 - 2015 UR - http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10948-014-2903-7 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10948-014-2903-7 SN - 1557-1939 SN - 1557-1947 VL - 28 IS - 4 SP - 1273 EP - 1277 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Bucheli, Daniel A1 - Caprara, Sergio A1 - Grilli, Marco T1 - Phase separation and long-wavelength charge instabilities in spin-orbit coupled systems T2 - EPL Europhysics Letters N2 - We investigate a two-dimensional electron model with Rashba spin-orbit interaction where the coupling constant $g=g(n)$ depends on the electronic density. It is shown that this dependence may drive the system unstable towards a long-wavelength charge density wave (CDW) where the associated second-order instability occurs in close vicinity to global phase separation. For very low electron densities the CDW instability is nesting-induced and the modulation follows the Fermi momentum kF. At higher density the instability criterion becomes independent of kF and the system may become unstable in a broad momentum range. Finally, upon filling the upper spin-orbit split band, finite momentum instabilities disappear in favor of phase separation alone. We discuss our results with regard to the inhomogeneous phases observed at the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 or LaTiO3/SrTiO3 interfaces. Y1 - 2015 UR - http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1209/0295-5075/109/17006;jsessionid=34AAE2057398BD7AE51C0C4719FC29DD.c2.iopscience.cld.iop.org U6 - https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/109/17006 SN - 1286-4854 VL - 109 IS - 1 SP - 17006 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bartholomé, Susanne Elisabeth A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Feldmann, Markus A1 - Geßler, Achim A1 - Ummenhofer, Thomas A1 - Ruff, Daniel T1 - Geklebte CFK-Lamellen verstärken Stahlbauteile T2 - Adhäsion KW - Stahlbau KW - Verstärkung KW - CFK-Lamelle Y1 - 2016 UR - http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s35145-016-0039-6 SN - 1619-1919 SN - 2192-8681 VL - 60 IS - 9 SP - 42 EP - 49 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Doyle, Ina-Merle A1 - Borrmann, Brigitte A1 - Grosser, Angelique A1 - Razum, Oliver A1 - Spallek, Jacob T1 - Determinants of dietary patterns and diet quality during pregnancy: a systematic review with narrative synthesis T2 - Public Health Nutrition Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980016002937 SN - 1475-2727 N1 - First online SP - 1 EP - 20 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kockrow, Roberto A1 - Hoppe, Annette T1 - Visualisierungsmitteldichte in Kraftwerksleitwarten - Gestaltungsempfehlungen als Ableitung aus Blickverlaufsstudien T2 - Zeitschrift für Arbeitswissenschaft N2 - In einer Eye-Tracking-Studie wurde in Leitwarten von Kohlekraftwerken das Bedien- und Beobachtungsverhalten des Leitwartenpersonals durch das LG Awip der BTU Cottbus-Senftenberg analysiert. Ein Fokus lag dabei auf der Visualisierungsmittelnutzung. Untersuchungsgegenstand bildeten reale Leitstandarbeitsplätze in Kohlekraftwerken, welche mit einer unterschiedlichen Anzahl an Visualisierungsmitteln ausgestattet waren. Das Blickverhalten von insgesamt 104 Operateuren konnte so während des realen Anlagenbetriebs und in simulierten Betriebssituationen objektiv erfasst werden. Gemäß der formulierten Hypothesen war anhand der statistischen Daten der Beleg einer Visuellen Komfortzone der Operatortätigkeit möglich, die unabhängig von der Anzahl der Visualisierungsmittel individuell ausgeprägt wird. Dafür muss eine Reihe von Randbedingungen erfüllt sein, welche eine derartige Präferenz im Bedien- und Beobachtungsverhalten gestatten. KW - Arbeitsplatzgestaltung KW - Visuelle Komfortzone KW - Leitwarten KW - Bedarfsgerechte Visualisierung KW - Ergonomie Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s41449-016-0026-7 SN - 2366-4681 SN - 0340-2444 VL - 70 IS - 3 SP - 142 EP - 150 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bartholomé, Susanne Elisabeth A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut T1 - Träger mit schlanken, wabenförmig strukturierten Stegen - Versuch und Simulation T2 - Stahlbau Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/stab.201610423 SN - 1437-1049 SN - 0038-9145 VL - 85 IS - 11 SP - 724 EP - 732 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Berens, Eva-Maria A1 - Kolip, Petra T1 - Früherkennung – Herausforderung der „Informierten Entscheidung“ im Kontext des Mammografie-Screening-Programms T2 - Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-112118 SN - 1438-8804 VL - 76 IS - 11 SP - 1117 EP - 1120 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hirschl, Bernd A1 - Konrad, Wilfried A1 - Scholl, Gerd T1 - New concepts in product use for sustainable consumption T2 - Journal of Cleaner Production KW - Sustainable consumption KW - Product-service-systems KW - Life cycle assessment KW - Consumer acceptance Y1 - 2003 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0959-6526(02)00162-2 SN - 0959-6526 VL - 11 IS - 8 SP - 873 EP - 881 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hampton, Stephanie E. A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte A1 - Rücker, Jacqueline T1 - Ecology under lake ice T2 - Ecology Letters KW - Aquatic ecosystem KW - freshwater Y1 - 2017 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ele.12699/full U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.12699 SN - 1461-0248 N1 - viele weitere Autorinnen und Autoren VL - 20 IS - 1 SP - 98 EP - 111 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Häck, Axel-Stefan A1 - Herty, Michael T1 - Modeling steel rolling processes by fluid-like differential equations T2 - Applied Mathematical Modelling Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2016.10.056 VL - 43 SP - 155 EP - 168 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reiss, Katharina A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Razum, Oliver T1 - 'Imported risk' or 'health transition'? Smoking prevalence among ethnic German immigrants from the Former Soviet Union by duration of stay in Germany - analysis of microcensus data T2 - International Journal for Equity in Health Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-9276-9-15 SN - 1475-9276 VL - 9 SP - 15 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Brzoska, Patrick A1 - Voigtländer, Sven A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Razum, Oliver T1 - Utilization and effectiveness of medical rehabilitation in foreign nationals residing in Germany T2 - European Journal Epidemiology Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-010-9468-y SN - 1573-7284 SN - 0393-2990 VL - 25 IS - 9 SP - 651 EP - 660 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Arnold, Melina A1 - Hentschel, Stefan A1 - Razum, Oliver T1 - Cancer incidence rate ratios of Turkish immigrants in Hamburg, Germany. A registry based study T2 - Cancer Epidemiology Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.canep.2009.10.006 SN - 1877-7821 VL - 33 IS - 6 SP - 413 EP - 418 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reeske, Anna A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Razum, Oliver T1 - Changes in smoking prevalence among first- and second-generation Turkish migrants in Germany - an analysis of the 2005 Microcensus T2 - International Journal for Equity in Health Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-9276-8-26 SN - 1475-9276 VL - 8 SP - 26 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spix, Claudia A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Kaatsch, Peter A1 - Razum, Oliver A1 - Zeeb, Hajo T1 - Cancer survival among children of Turkish descent in Germany 1980-2005: a registry-based analysis T2 - BMC Cancer Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2407-8-355 SN - 1471-2407 VL - 8 SP - 355 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Spix, Claudia A1 - Zeeb, Hajo A1 - Kaatsch, Peter A1 - Razum, Oliver T1 - Cancer patterns among children of Turkish descent in Germany: a study at the German Childhood Cancer Registry T2 - BMC Public Health Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-8-152 SN - 1471-2458 VL - 8 SP - 152 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berg, Gabriele A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Schüz, Joachim A1 - Schlehofer, Brigitte A1 - Böhler, Eva A1 - Schlaefer, Klaus A1 - Hettinger, Iris A1 - Kunna-Grass, Katharina A1 - Wahrendorf, Jürgen A1 - Blettner, Maria T1 - Occupational exposure of radiofrequency radiation and risk of brain tumors T2 - American Journal of Epidemiology Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwj247 SN - 1476-6256 SN - 0002-9262 VL - 164 IS - 6 SP - 538 EP - 548 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Kaatsch, Peter A1 - Spix, Claudia A1 - Ulusoy, Nazan A1 - Zeeb, Hajo A1 - Razum, Oliver T1 - Namensbasierte Identifizierung von Fällen mit türkischer Herkunft im Kinderkrebsregister Mainz T2 - Gesundheitswesen Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-927166 SN - 1439-4421 SN - 0941-3790 VL - 68 IS - 10 SP - 643 EP - 649 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tsakova, Vessela T. A1 - Ivanov, Svetlozar D. A1 - Lange, Ulrich A1 - Stoyanova, Aneliya A1 - Lyutov, Vladimir V. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Electroanalytical applications of nanocomposites from conducting polymers and metallic nanoparticles prepared by layer-by-layer deposition T2 - Pure and Applied Chemistry N2 - Layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition is a convenient technique for the formation of ultra-thin nanocomposite layers containing metallic nanoparticles (NPs) and conducting polymers (CPs). The advantages of this approach for producing composite layers suitable for electroanalytical applications are discussed. Examples of electroanalytical applications of LbL-deposited composites are presented. Composite layers consisting of polyaniline (PANI) and Pd NPs are used for hydrazine oxidation. The PANI–Au NPs system is applied for dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA) oxidation. KW - conducting polymers KW - dopamine KW - electrochemistry KW - hydrazine KW - layer-by-layer deposition KW - nanoparticles KW - polyaniline (PANI) KW - uric acid Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1351/PAC-CON-10-08-01 SN - 1365-3075 VL - 83 IS - 2 SP - 345 EP - 358 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ivanov, Svetlozar D. A1 - Lange, Ulrich A1 - Tsakova, Vessela T. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Electrocatalytically active nanocomposite from palladium nanoparticles and polyaniline: Oxidation of hydrazine T2 - Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical N2 - The layer by layer (LbL) adsorption technique was used to deposit a new electrocatalytic material consisting of palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) and polyaniline (PANI). As far as PANI adsorption did not affect the reactivity of the Pd NPs attached in the former adsorption step, the LbL technique offered the way of increasing the reactive Pd surface within a three-dimensional nanocomposite structure. In situ conductance measurements have shown that depending on the concentration of the PANI solution, used for the LbL adsorption, composites with either PANI-like (dependent on potential and pH) or metal-like (non-dependent on potential and pH) conductive behaviour can be obtained. Metal-like Pd NPs–PANI nanocomposites were studied as electrocatalytic materials for hydrazine oxidation. A linear concentration dependence of the voltammetric peak currents was observed in the 40–800 μM hydrazine concentration range, the sensitivity increasing with the amount of adsorbed Pd NPs. Amperometric measurements showed linear response in the 10–300 μM range with sensitivity 0.5 μA/μmol cm−2 and a theoretical detection limit estimated to be 0.06 μM. KW - Conducting polymers KW - Pd-nanoparticles KW - LbL adsorption KW - Hydrazine Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2010.07.004 SN - 0925-4005 VL - 150 IS - 1 SP - 271 EP - 278 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Broncová, Gabriela A1 - Anikin, Sergey A1 - Lange, Ulrich A1 - Matějka, Pavel A1 - Krondak, Martin A1 - Král, Vladimír A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Electrochemical and spectroscopic properties of poly-4,4′-dialkoxy-2,2′-bipyrroles T2 - Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry N2 - The structure and the electrochemical and spectral properties of two conductive electrochemically polymerized substituted bipyrroles 4,4′-methoxy-2,2′-bipyrrole and 4,4′-buthoxy-2,2′-bipyrrole were studied and compared. The polymers were characterized by cyclic voltammetry, FT-Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and in situ conductivity measurements at different pH and redox state. KW - Conducting polymer KW - Polydialkoxybipyrroles KW - Raman spectroscopy KW - Cyclic voltammetry KW - Conductivity Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-009-0911-5 SN - 1432-8488 SN - 1433-0768 VL - 14 IS - 6 SP - 1035 EP - 1044 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fassold, Alexander A1 - Falk, Werner A1 - Anders, Sven A1 - Hirsch, Thomas A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Straub, Rainer H. T1 - Soluble neuropilin-2, a nerve repellent receptor, is increased in rheumatoid arthritis synovium and aggravates sympathetic fiber repulsion and arthritis T2 - Arthritis and Rheumatology N2 - In inflammatory lesions, sympathetic nerve fibers disappear soon after the start of inflammation. We identified sympathetic nerve repellents as possible causal agents in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). On nerve terminals, repellent factors bind to neuropilin-2 and its coreceptor. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of neuropilin-2 in the synovial tissue of patients with RA and patients with osteoarthritis (OA) and in experimental arthritis. The density of neuropilin-2–positive fibers and cells positive for semaphorin 3F (a sympathetic repellent) was investigated using immunofluorescence staining. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect soluble neuropilin-2 in body fluids from patients with RA and patients with OA. An axon outgrowth assay and a neuropilin-2 Fc fusion construct (neuropilin-2Fc) were used to investigate semaphorin 3F–induced sympathetic nerve repulsion. In an animal model of type II collagen–induced arthritis, soluble neuropilin-2Fc was studied in vivo. The synovial density of neuropilin-2–positive sympathetic nerve fibers was lower in RA than in OA, but the density of cells positive for semaphorin 3F was similar. In synovial fluid, the level of soluble neuropilin-2 was markedly higher in RA compared with OA. Mouse sympathetic ganglia served as an excellent model with which to study semaphorin 3F–induced nerve fiber repulsion. Neuropilin-2 and its coreceptor were present on sympathetic neurons, and semaphorin 3F bound to neuropilin-2Fc (binding constant 96 nmoles/liter). Semaphorin 3F dose-dependently increased sympathetic nerve fiber repulsion (at a 50% maximum response concentration of 160–210 nmoles/liter). In contrast to our expectations, soluble neuropilin-2Fc did not inhibit repulsion but increased the repellent effect of semaphorin 3F. In experimental arthritis, therapy with neuropilin-2Fc aggravated arthritis. Soluble neuropilin-2 has no antirepellent activity but aggravates sympathetic nerve fiber repulsion and arthritis. Increased shedding of neuropilin-2 is probably an unfavorable sign in RA. Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/art.24860 SN - 2326-5205 VL - 60 IS - 10 SP - 2892 EP - 2901 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shishkov, Alexander V. A1 - Bogacheva, Elena Nikolaevna A1 - Dolgov, Alexey A. A1 - Chulikov, Alexey L. A1 - Knyazev, Denis G. A1 - Fedorova, Natalia V. A1 - Ksenofontov, Alexander L. A1 - Kordyukova, Larisa V. A1 - Lukashina, Elena V. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Baratova, Lyudmila A. T1 - The in situ structural characterization of the influenza A virus matrix M1 protein within a virion T2 - Protein and Peptide Letters N2 - The first attempt has been made to suggest a model of influenza A virus matrix M1 protein spatial structure and molecule orientation within a virion on the basis of tritium planigraphy data and theoretical prediction results. Limited in situ proteolysis of the intact virions with bromelain and surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy study of the M1 protein interaction with lipid coated surfaces were used for independent confirmation of the proposed model. KW - Influenza A virus KW - matrix M1 protein KW - secondary structure prediction KW - tritium planigraphy KW - surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy KW - three-dimensional modeling Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2174/092986609789353682 SN - 0929-8665 SN - 1875-5305 VL - 16 IS - 11 SP - 1407 EP - 1413 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lange, Ulrich A1 - Ivanov, Svetlozar D. A1 - Lyutov, Vladimir V. A1 - Tsakova, Vessela T. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Voltammetric and conductometric behaviour of self assembled multilayer nanocomposites of polyaniline and gold nanoparticles T2 - Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry N2 - Multilayer nanocomposites from polyaniline (PANI) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were formed by layer-by-layer deposition. The formation of PANI–AuNPs multilayer structures was monitored by UV-vis absorption spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. Each deposited bilayer of PANI–AuNPs led to a monotonous and almost linear increase in both optical absorbance and the first current peak of PANI oxidation. The prepared multilayer nanocomposites were characterized by in situ conductivity measurements at different pH and potential and by transmission electron microscopy. Finally, chemosensitive properties of the new material based on the intrinsic affinity of gold nanoparticles were studied. Changes in the film resistance on exposure to vapors of mercury and sulfur-containing compounds were observed. KW - Polyaniline KW - Gold nanoparticles KW - Layer-by-layer deposition KW - Chemoresistor KW - In situ conductivity measurements KW - Nanocomposite Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-009-0922-2 SN - 1432-8488 SN - 1433-0768 VL - 14 IS - 7 SP - 1261 EP - 1268 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Wei A1 - Melcher, Reinhold A1 - Travitzky, Nahum A1 - Greil, Peter T1 - Three-Dimensional Printing of Complex-Shaped Alumina/Glas Composites T2 - Advanced engineering materials Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.200900213 SN - 1527-2648 VL - 11 IS - 12 SP - 1039 EP - 1043 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schlier, Lorenz M. A1 - Zhang, Wei A1 - Travitzky, Nahum A1 - Greil, Peter A1 - Cypris, Jochen A1 - Weclas, Miroslaw T1 - Macro-Cellular Silicon carbide Reactors for Nonstationary Combustion Under Piston Engine-Like Conditions T2 - International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology KW - Three-dimensional printing KW - Macro-cellular SISIC KW - Complex shaped ceramic composites Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7402.2010.02591.x SN - 1744-7402 VL - 8 IS - 5 SP - 1237 EP - 1245 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Wei A1 - Travitzky, Nahum A1 - Hu, Chunfeng A1 - Zhou, Yanchun A1 - Greil, Peter T1 - Reactive Hot Pressing and Properties of Nb2AlC T2 - Journal of the American Ceramic Society KW - MAX phases KW - Ceramic KW - Reactive Hot Pressing Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2009.03187.x SN - 1551-2916 SN - 0002-7820 VL - 92 IS - 10 SP - 2396 EP - 2399 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Wei A1 - Travitzky, Nahum A1 - Greil, Peter T1 - Formation of NbAl3/Al2O3 Composites by pressureless reactive Infiltration T2 - Journal of the American Ceramic Society KW - NbAl3/Al2O3 Composites KW - Pressing and three-dimensional printing KW - Reactive Infiltration Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2008.02583.x SN - 1551-2916 SN - 0002-7820 VL - 91 IS - 9 SP - 3117 EP - 3120 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Melcher, Reinhold A1 - Zhang, Wei A1 - Travitzky, Nahum A1 - Greil, Peter T1 - 3D-Printing of Al2O3/Cu-O Composites T2 - Ceramic Forum international KW - Al2O3/Cu-O Composites KW - Pressureless Infiltration KW - 3D-Printing Y1 - 2006 SN - 0173-9913 VL - 83 IS - 13 SP - 18 EP - 22 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Kot, Małgorzata A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Localized defect states and charge trapping in atomic layer deposited-Al₂O₃ films T2 - Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology, A : Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films N2 - In this study, the authors compared different Al₂O₃ films grown by atomic layer deposition (ALD) with the same aluminum precursor but on different substrates. The authors employed different process parameters such as thermal-ALD and plasma-enhanced-ALD using different substrate temperatures ranging from 280 °C down to room temperature. They characterized these films by resonant photoelectron spectroscopy and by electrical measurements. They established that generally the ALD-Al₂O₃ films show characteristic features of bulk Al₂O₃. For all films investigated, the authors found intrinsic defect states within the electronic band gap and identified excitonic, polaronic, and charge-transfer defect states. The authors gave an atomistic model to explain these intrinsic defects and found that their relative abundance is subject of the choice of ALD parameters and of the substrate used. They were able to relate the spectroscopic assigned in-gap defect states with the electronic charges as determined in our electrical measurements. KW - defect states KW - resonant photoelectron spectroscopy (resPES) KW - Al₂O₃ KW - atomic layer deposition (ALD) KW - excitons KW - polarons Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1116/1.4971991 SN - 0734-2101 SN - 1520-8559 VL - 35 IS - 1 SP - 01B125-1 EP - 01B125-18 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bradler, Katharina T1 - „Kompetenzen“ von Instrumentallehrkräften. Oder besser: Was zeichnet eine gute Lehrperson aus? T2 - Üben & Musizieren KW - Kompetenzen KW - Instrumentalunterricht Y1 - 2016 SN - 0174-6065 IS - 6 SP - 40 EP - 43 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lampert, Thomas A1 - Richter, Matthias A1 - Schreiber, Sven A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Dragano, Nico T1 - Soziale Ungleichheit und Gesundheit. Stand und Perspektiven der sozialepidemiologischen Forschung in Deutschland T2 - Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-015-2275-6 SN - 1436-9990 SN - 1437-1588 VL - 59 IS - 2 SP - 153 EP - 165 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Razum, Oliver A1 - Karrasch, Laura A1 - Spallek, Jacob T1 - Migration : Eine vernachlässigte Dimension gesundheitlicher Ungleichheit? T2 - Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-015-2286-3 SN - 1436-9990 SN - 1437-1588 VL - 59 IS - 2 SP - 259 EP - 265 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Brzoska, Patrick A1 - Voigtländer, Sven A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Razum, Oliver T1 - Die Nutzung von Routinedaten in der rehabilitationswissenschaftlichen Versorgungsforschung bei Menschen mit Migrationshintergrund: Möglichkeiten und Grenzen T2 - Gesundheitswesen Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0031-1280759 SN - 1439-442 SN - 0941-3790 VL - 74 IS - 6 SP - 371 EP - 378 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jakobsen, Daniel A1 - Zhang, Wei A1 - Doynov, Nikolay A1 - Böhm, Anna A1 - Malzbender, Jürgen A1 - Michailov, Vesselin A1 - Roosen, Andreas T1 - Thermal shock behaviour of laminated multilayer refractories for steel casting applications reinforced by residual stresses T2 - Ceramics International Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2016.05.149 SN - 0272-8842 VL - 42 IS - 12 SP - 13562 EP - 13571 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liu, Fei A1 - Heiner, Monika A1 - Yang, Ming T1 - Representing Network Reconstruction Solutions with Colored Petri Nets T2 - Neurocomputing Y1 - 2016 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925231215012473 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2015.04.112 SN - 0925-2312 VL - 174 IS - A SP - 483 EP - 493 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Somekh, Judith A1 - Peleg, Mor A1 - Eran, Alal A1 - Koren, Itay A1 - Feiglin, Ariel A1 - Demishtein, Alik A1 - Shiloh, Ruth A1 - Heiner, Monika A1 - Kong, Sek Won A1 - Elazar, Zvulun A1 - Kohane, Isaac T1 - A Model-driven methodology for exploring complex disease comorbidities applied to autism spectrum disorder and inflammatory bowel disease T2 - Biomedical Informatics Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbi.2016.08.008 SN - 1532-0464 VL - 63 SP - 366 EP - 378 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bertens, Laura M. F. A1 - Kleijn, Jetty A1 - Hille, Sander C. A1 - Heiner, Monika A1 - Koutny, Maciej A1 - Verbeek, Fons J. T1 - Modeling biological gradient formation: combining partial differential equations and Petri nets T2 - Natural Computing Y1 - 2016 UR - http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11047-015-9531-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11047-015-9531-4 SN - 1567-7818 SN - 1572-9796 VL - 15 IS - 4 SP - 665 EP - 675 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liu, Fei A1 - Heiner, Monika A1 - Yang, Ming T1 - Fuzzy stochastic Petri nets for modeling biological systems with uncertain kinetic parameters T2 - PLoS ONE Y1 - 2016 UR - http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0149674 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0149674 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 11 IS - 2 SP - 0149674 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pârvu, Ovidiu A1 - Gilbert, David A1 - Heiner, Monika A1 - Liu, Fei A1 - Saunders, Nigel A1 - Shaw, Simon T1 - Spatial-temporal modelling and analysis of bacterial colonies with phase variable genes T2 - ACM Transactions on Modeling and Computer Simulation (TOMACS) Y1 - 2015 UR - http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2742546 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/2742546 SN - 1558-1195 SN - 1049-3301 VL - 25 IS - 2 SP - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Barbot, Benoit A1 - Haddad, Serge A1 - Heiner, Monika A1 - Picaronny, Claudine T1 - A Rare Event Method Applied to Signalling Cascades T2 - International Journal on Advances in Systems and Measurements Y1 - 2015 UR - http://www.iariajournals.org/systems_and_measurements/sysmea_v8_n12_2015_paged.pdf SN - 1942-261x VL - 8 IS - 1-2 SP - 69 EP - 79 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Winkler, Herwig T1 - Conceptual considerations for real-time supply chain efficiency monitoring T2 - Research in Logistics and Production Y1 - 2016 SN - 2083-4950 SN - 2083-4942 VL - 6 IS - 5 SP - 393 EP - 405 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dylewski, Robert A1 - Jardzioch, Andrzej A1 - Krebs, Irene T1 - The optimal Sequence production orders, taking into Account the cost of delays T2 - Management and Production Engineering Review Y1 - 2016 SN - 2080-8208 SN - 2082-1344 VL - 7 IS - 2 SP - 21 EP - 28 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herajy, Mostafa A1 - Heiner, Monika T1 - Modeling and Simulation of Multi-scale Environmental Systems with Generalized Hybrid Petri Nets T2 - Frontiers in Environmental Science Y1 - 2015 UR - http://www.frontiersin.org/environmental_informatics/10.3389/fenvs.2015.00053/abstract U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2015.00053 SN - 2296-665X VL - 3 SP - 53 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liu, Fei A1 - Blätke, Mary-Ann A1 - Heiner, Monika A1 - Yang, Ming T1 - Modelling and simulating reaction–diffusion systems using coloured Petri nets T2 - Computers in Biology and Medicine Y1 - 2014 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010482514001693 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2014.07.004 SN - 0010-4825 VL - 53 SP - 297 EP - 308 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Wei A1 - Doynov, Nikolay A1 - Ossenbrink, Ralf A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Physical and FE-Simulation of Thermal Shock Behaviour of Refractory Ceramics T2 - refractories WORLDFORUM Y1 - 2016 SN - 1868-2405 VL - 8 IS - 2 SP - 110 EP - 117 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Drechsler, Martin A1 - Smith, Henrik G. A1 - Sturm, Astrid A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - Cost-effectiveness of conservation payment schemes for species with different range sizes T2 - Conservation Biology Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.12708 SN - 1523-1739 VL - 30 IS - 4 SP - 894 EP - 899 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Neudert, Regina A1 - Ganzhorn, Jörg U. A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - Global benefits and local costs - The dilemma of tropical forest conservation: A review of the situation in Madagascar T2 - Environmental Conservation Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/S0376892916000552 SN - 1469-4387 VL - 44 IS - 1 SP - 82 EP - 96 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Atanga, Valetine Kubong A1 - Zhang, Wei A1 - Dreibati, Ossama A1 - Doynov, Nikolay A1 - Ossenbrink, Ralf A1 - Michailov, Vesselin A1 - Scheffler, Michael T1 - Alumina-mullite Materials for Refractory Applications: Microstructure, Physical and Finite Element Simulation of Thermal Shock Behaviour T2 - refractories WORLDFORUM Y1 - 2012 SN - 1868-2405 VL - 4 IS - 1 SP - 159 EP - 164 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berens, Eva-Maria A1 - Reeder, Maren A1 - Kolip, Petra A1 - Spallek, Jacob T1 - A cross-sectional study on informed choice in the mammography screening programme in Germany (InEMa): a study protocol T2 - BMJ Open Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006145 SN - 2044-6055 VL - 4 IS - 9 SP - 006145 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Razum, Oliver T1 - Gesundheitschancen. Frühzeitige Weichenstellung. [BaBi-Studie] T2 - Deutsches Ärzteblatt Y1 - 2012 VL - 109 IS - 46 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jahn, Ingeborg A1 - Bolte, Gabriele A1 - Spallek, Jacob T1 - Epidemiologische Fachgesellschaften für „Geschlechtersensible Planung und Durchführung der geplanten Nationalen Kohortenstudie“ Ein wichtiger Schritt für geschlechtersensible Gesundheitsforschung in Deutschland T2 - Gesundheitswesen Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0030-1261917 VL - 72 IS - 7 SP - 383 EP - 386 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Zeeb, Hajo T1 - Gesundheit von Migranten. Erkenntnisse am Beispiel der Zuwanderer in Deutschland T2 - Ärzteblatt Rheinland-Pfalz Y1 - 2009 SN - 0001-9488 VL - 62 IS - 7 SP - 20 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Kuntz, Benjamin A1 - Schott, Thomas T1 - Sozialepidemiologie T2 - Public Health Forum Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phf.2012.06.015 SN - 1876-4851 SN - 0944-5587 VL - 20 IS - 3 SP - 4 EP - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Groß, Michael T1 - Impediments to mobile shopping continued usage intention: A trust-risk-relationship T2 - Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services KW - Mobile shopping KW - Acceptance barriers KW - Perceived risk KW - Vendor trust KW - Smartphone Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2016.08.013 SN - 0969-6989 VL - 33 SP - 109 EP - 119 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Groß, Michael T1 - Mobile shopping: a classification framework and literature review T2 - International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management KW - Retail KW - Retail-based literature KW - Mobile shopping KW - M-shopping KW - Classification framework Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1108/IJRDM-06-2013-0119 SN - 0959-0552 VL - 43 IS - 3 SP - 221 EP - 241 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Groß, Michael T1 - Exploring the acceptance of technology for mobile shopping: an empirical investigation among Smartphone users T2 - The International Review of Retail, Distribution and Consumer Research KW - Mobile Shopping Acceptance KW - M-shopping KW - Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) KW - Smartphone KW - German Consumer Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/09593969.2014.988280 SN - 0959-3969 SN - 1466-4402 VL - 25 IS - 3 SP - 215 EP - 235 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Zeeb, Hajo A1 - Razum, Oliver T1 - What do we have to know from migrants‘ past exposure to understand their health status? A life course approach T2 - Emerging Themes in Epidemiology Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/1742-7622-8-6 SN - 1742-7622 VL - 8 SP - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reeske, Anna A1 - Spallek, Jacob T1 - Sozioökonomische Aspekte der Primärprävention von Adipositas bei Kindern und Jugendlichen - Ansatzpunkte vor dem Hintergrund eines lebenslaufbasierten Ansatzes der Adipositasentstehung T2 - Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-010-1221-x SN - 1436-9990 SN - 1437-1588 VL - 54 IS - 3 SP - 272 EP - 280 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Zeeb, Hajo A1 - Razum, Oliver T1 - Prevention among Immigrants: The example of Germany T2 - BMC Public Health Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-10-92 SN - 1471-2458 VL - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zeeb, Hajo A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Razum, Oliver T1 - Epidemiologische Perspektiven der Migrationsforschung am Beispiel von Krebserkrankungen T2 - Psychotherapie, Psychosomatik, Medizinische Psychologie Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2008-1067347 SN - 1439-1058 SN - 0937-2032 VL - 58 IS - 3 SP - 130 EP - 135 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Razum, Oliver T1 - Gesundheit von Migranten: Defizite im Bereich der Prävention T2 - Medzinische Klinik Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00063-007-1058-8 SN - 2193-6218 SN - 2193-6226 VL - 102 IS - 6 SP - 451 EP - 456 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Razum, Oliver T1 - Migration und Geschlecht T2 - Public Heatlth Forum Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/pubhef-2015-0027 SN - 1876-4851 SN - 0944-5587 VL - 23 IS - 2 SP - 73 EP - 75 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reiss, Katharina A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Razum, Oliver T1 - Die Entwicklung des Rauchverhaltens im Kontext der Migration nach Deutschland T2 - Public Health Forum Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/pubhef-2015-0031 SN - 1876-4851 SN - 0944-5587 VL - 23 IS - 2 SP - 85 EP - 87 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Razum, Oliver A1 - Spallek, Jacob T1 - Migration und Gesundheit T2 - Public Health Forum Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/pubhef-2015-0021 SN - 1876-4851 SN - 0944-5587 VL - 23 IS - 2 SP - 54 EP - 57 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ernst, Sinja Alexandra A1 - Reeske, Anna A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Petersen, Knud A1 - Brand, Tilman A1 - Zeeb, Hajo T1 - Care-related factors associated with antepartal diagnosis of intrauterine growth restriction: a case-control study T2 - BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-014-0371-5 SN - 1471-2393 VL - 14 SP - 371 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Razum, Oliver A1 - Spallek, Jacob T1 - Addressing health-related interventions to immigrants: migrant-specific or diversity-sensitive? T2 - International Journal Public Health Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-014-0584-4 SN - 1661-8556 SN - 1661-8564 VL - 59 IS - 6 SP - 893 EP - 895 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Straub, Andrea A1 - Bulle, Helmut A1 - Röske, Isolde T1 - Verfahrenstechnisch-biologische Aspekte bei der Auswahl und beim Betrieb von Kleinkläranlagen T1 - Process-Engineering and Biological Aspects in the Selection and Operation of Small Wastewater Treatment Plants T2 - Korrespondenz Abwasser N2 - Kleinkläranlagen sind eine wichtige Säule der dezentralen Abwasserbehandlung. Ungeachtet komplizierter Randbedingungen können mit den derzeitigen technischen Möglichkeiten die Anforderungen der Größenklasse 1 der Abwasserverordnung und in vielen Fällen der weitergehenden Abwasserreinigung bezüglich N- und P-Eliminierung erfüllt werden. Die Leistungsfähigkeit hängt maßgeblich vom gewählten Verfahren und Anlagentyp sowie von der Qualität der Bauausführung und der Wartung ab. Eine vergleichende Analyse zeigt, dass sich Kleinkläranlagen mit Biofilmreaktoren im Unterschied zu Anlagen mit suspendierter Biomasse auch in extremen Betriebssituationen durch eine höhere Betriebsstabilität und geringere Anzahl von Grenzwertüberschreitungen auszeichnen. N2 - Small wastewater treatment plants are an important pillar of decentralized wastewater treatment. Irrespective of complex outline conditions, current technological possibilities comply with the requirements for size category I under the Wastewater Ordinance and in many cases also the requirements of advanced wastewater treatment in terms of nitrogen and phosphorus removal. Their efficiency largely depends on the process and type of plant that was chosen as well as on the quality of the construction work and of maintenance. A comparative analysis shows that even under extreme operating conditions, small wastewater treatment plants with biological film reactors have a higher operating stability than plants with suspended biomass and they exceed the limit values in fewer cases than the latter. KW - Abwasserreinigung KW - Kleinkläranlage KW - Stickstoffelimination KW - Phosphorelimination KW - Biofilm KW - Biomasse KW - Schwankung KW - wastewater treatment KW - small wastewater treatment plant KW - nitrogen removal KW - phosphorus removal KW - biological film KW - biomass KW - fluctuation Y1 - 2011 SN - 1866-0029 VL - 58 IS - 01 SP - 50 EP - 55 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kot, Małgorzata A1 - Das, Chittaranjan A1 - Wang, Zhiping A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Rouissi, Zied A1 - Wojciechowski, Konrad A1 - Snaith, Henry J. A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Room-Temperature Atomic Layer Deposition of Al₂O₃: Impact on Efficiency, Stability and Surface Properties in Perovskite Solar Cells T2 - ChemSusChem N2 - In this work, solar cells with a freshly made CH₃NH₃PbI₃ perovskite film showed a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 15.4 % whereas the one with 50 days aged perovskite film only 6.1 %. However, when the aged perovskite was covered with a layer of Al₂O₃ deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD) at room temperature (RT), the PCE value was clearly enhanced. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study showed that the ALD precursors are chemically active only at the perovskite surface and passivate it. Moreover, the RT-ALD-Al2O3-covered perovskite films showed enhanced ambient air stability. KW - Al₂O₃ KW - atomic layer deposition (ALD) KW - perovskite KW - solar cells KW - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201601186 SN - 1864-5631 SN - 1864-564X VL - 9 IS - 24 SP - 3401 EP - 3406 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tinello, Daniel A1 - Jodin, Dirk A1 - Winkler, Herwig T1 - Biomimetics applied to factory layout planning: Fibonacci based patterns, spider webs and nautilus shell as bio-inspiration to reduce internal transport costs in factories T2 - CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology Y1 - 2016 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cirpj.2016.02.003 SN - 1755-5817 VL - 13 SP - 51 EP - 71 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sauvigny, Friedrich T1 - Multiple solutions for the nonparametric Plateau problem within the Euclidean space Rᴾ of arbitrary dimension T2 - Calculus of Variations and Partial Differential Equations Y1 - 2016 UR - http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00526-016-1087-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00526-016-1087-3 SN - 0944-2669 SN - 1432-0835 VL - 55 IS - 6, Artikel 140 SP - 1 EP - 28 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cuypers, Daniel A1 - Fleischmann, Claudia A1 - Dorp, Dennis H. von A1 - Brizzi, Simone A1 - Tallarida, Massimo A1 - Müller, Matthias A1 - Hönicke, Philipp A1 - Billen, Arne A1 - Chintala, Ravi A1 - Conard, Thierry A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Vandervorst, Wilfried A1 - Elshocht, Sven van A1 - Armini, Silvia A1 - De Gendt, Stefan A1 - Adelmann, Christoph T1 - Sacrificial Self-Assembled Monolayers for the Passivation of GaAs(100) Surfaces and Interfaces T2 - Chemistry of Materials N2 - The use of sacrificial self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) to prepare clean n-type GaAs (100) surfaces without band bending in vacuo is demonstrated. GaAs surface passivation using octadecanethiol SAMs after HCl cleaning is shown to lead to an enhancement of the room-temperature photoluminescence intensity. Synchrotron-radiation photoelectron spectroscopy (SRPES) finds that the interfacial oxide between GaAs and the SAM remains below the detection limit. Evidence for both Ga–S and As–S bonds at the GaAs–thiolate interface is found. The limited thermal stability of the SAM allows the desorption of the alkyl chains by in situ thermal annealing at temperatures above 180 °C, leaving S bonded to Ga behind. The resulting surface contains only a very small amount of O (0.05 ML coverage) and C (about 3% of the SAM remaining) and shows no band bending with the surface Fermi level close to the conduction band. Atomic layer deposition of Al₂O₃ on this surface occurs via the formation of Al–S bonds without introducing any additional band bending. This indicates that the surface preparation of n-type GaAs (100) using sacrificial octadecanethiol SAMs followed by in situ thermal removal provides a route toward GaAs/oxide interfaces without interfacial oxides and without band bending. KW - GaAs KW - passivation KW - Al₂O₃ KW - atomic layer deposition (ALD) KW - Synchrotron-radiation photoelectron spectroscopy (SRPES) KW - self assembled monolayers (SAM) KW - interface engineering Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b01732 SN - 0897-4756 SN - 1520-5002 VL - 28 IS - 16 SP - 5689 EP - 5701 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Corrêa, Silma Alberton A1 - Brizzi, Simone A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Depicting the Electronic Structure of HfO₂ Films by Spectroscopic Techniques T2 - ECS Transactions N2 - The electronic structure of HfO₂ films was investigated. The partial density of states for the valence and the conduction bands was determined by the detailed analysis of the O1s resonance profile by resonant photoelectron spectroscopy. The positions of valence band maximum and conduction band minimum, the excitation range for the polaronic states and the range of charge transfer band were found to be not influenced by the preparation conditions. The band gap was determined to be 6.2 eV and the energy of the charge neutrality level (referred to vacuum level) was determined as 4.7 eV. The Fermi level position was observed to vary about 1.2 eV depending on the preparation conditions, which indicates the presence of charges within the films. KW - HfO₂ KW - resonant photoelectron spectroscopy (resPES) KW - electronic structure KW - partial density of states KW - charge neutrality level Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1149/07506.0145ecst SN - 1938-6737 SN - 1938-5862 VL - 75 IS - 6 SP - 145 EP - 153 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Launert, Benjamin A1 - Szczerba, Radosław A1 - Gajewski, Marcin A1 - Rhode, Michael A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Giżejowski, Marian T1 - The buckling resistance of welded plate girders taking into account the influence of post-welding imperfections – Part 1: Parameter study T2 - Materials Testing N2 - Welding is the most important joining technique and offers the advantage of customizable plate thicknesses. On the other hand, welding causes residual stresses and deformations influencing the load carrying capacity. Their consideration in the design requires simple and fast models. Though welding simulation has contributed to accurately access to these values nowadays, their application to large components remains still in a less practicable range. Nevertheless, many studies emphasized the need to make corrections in recently available simplified models. Especially the influence of residual stresses seems somewhat overestimated in many cases if comparing conventional structural steel S355 and high-strength steel S690. In times of computer-aided design, an improved procedure to implement weld-inducted imperfections appears overdue. This will be presented in two parts. The first part illustrates the potential influence of post-welding imperfections exemplified for weak axis buckling in comparison with the general method in accordance with Eurocode 3. Residual stresses and initial crookedness were varied systematically in order to produce a scatter band of capacities. An approach to characterize the borders of these imperfections was undertaken before that. The excessive scattering of reduction factors for the load bearing capacity demonstrates the importance of these variables. Results were finally evaluated against advanced simulation models which will be further detailed in part two of this contribution. KW - Welded plate girders KW - stability KW - post-welding imperfections KW - residual stresses KW - parameter study Y1 - 2017 UR - http://www.hanser-elibrary.com/doi/abs/10.3139/120.110964 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3139/120.110964 SN - 0025-5300 VL - 59 IS - 1 SP - 47 EP - 56 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wolpert, Benjamin A1 - Wolfbeis, Otto S. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Gas sensing properties of electrically conductive Cu(I) compounds at elevated temperatures T2 - Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical N2 - Changes in the electrical conductance at 240 °C of a number of copper(I) compounds including CuI, CuBr, Cu2Te, Cu12Sb4S13, (CuI)2P14, and of NiO were measured following the exposure to the gases ammonia, nitrogen dioxide, nitrous oxide, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and propane. Analytical sensitivity and kinetic parameters were compared quantitatively. The high diversity of sensitivity patterns makes these compounds promising candidates for use in sensor arrays. Principal component analysis of the data obtained with a virtual sensor array enabled highly selective sensing of five of the six analytes studied using only two principle components. Activation energies of the charge transport in the materials were determined. KW - Gas sensor KW - Ammonia sensor KW - Conductometric sensor KW - Sensor array KW - Copper(I) KW - High-temperature sensing Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2009.04.042 SN - 0925-4005 VL - 142 IS - 2 SP - 446 EP - 450 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Das, Chittaranjan A1 - Kot, Małgorzata A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Naumann, Franziska A1 - Kärkkänen, Irina A1 - Gargouri, Hassan T1 - In-gap states in titanium dioxide and oxynitride atomic layer deposited films T2 - Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology: A N2 - Valence band (VB) spectra of titanium dioxide (TiO2) and oxynitride (TiOxNy) films prepared by different atomic layer deposition (ALD) processes are compared and related to electrical characterization [current–voltage (JV) and capacitance–voltage (CV)] results. By increasing the nitrogen amount in the TiO2 film, band-gap narrowing is observed. The band-gap decrease is related to the contribution of the nitrogen density of states, which induces defects within the band-gap and thus reduces its optical band-gap. In-gap states are found in the VB spectra at 1 eV below the Fermi energy in all investigated ALD samples, i.e., in TiO2 as well as in TiOxNy films. An exponential correlation between leakage current density and in-gap state intensity is derived by the combination of JV measurements and VB spectra, whereas the in-gap states seem to have no influence on hysteresis and fixed oxide charges found in the CV data. It is argued that the in-gap states in TiO2 and TiOxNy have an excitonic or polaronic origin. Both, band-gap narrowing and in-gap state intensity can be tuned by the ALD process selection and the variation of its parameters. KW - Titanium dioxide (TiO2) KW - Titanium oxynitrdie (TiON) KW - valence band spectra KW - in-gap states KW - band-gap narrowing KW - electrical characterization Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1116/1.4972247 SN - 0734-2101 SN - 1520-8559 VL - 35 IS - 1 SP - 01B135-1 EP - 01B135-8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ivanov, Svetlozar D. A1 - Kurniawan, Fredy A1 - Tsakova, Vessela T. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Automated layer-by-layer deposition of polyelectrolytes in flow mode T2 - Macromolecular Materials and Engineering N2 - Multilayer structures of conducting polymers were fabricated by a simply automated approach in flow mode. Polyaniline and poly(styrene sulfonate) were used as a model system, allowing a fast electrochemical and spectroscopic determination of the amount of deposited material. The technology was applied for layer-by-layer deposition of up to 100 bilayers. The results demonstrate a well reproducible and almost constant amount of the adsorbed polymer at each deposition cycle. The method can be applied for deposition of other conducting or non-conducting polymers, biological macromolecules and composites of polyelectrolytes and nanoparticles. Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/mame.200800376 SN - 1439-2054 VL - 294 IS - 6-7 SP - 441 EP - 444 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wolpert, Benjamin A1 - Leitl, Michael A1 - Pfitzner, Arno A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Chemosensitive properties of electrically conductive Cu(I)-compounds at room temperature T2 - Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical N2 - Changes of the electrical conductance of a number of inorganic copper(I) conductive compounds including Cu₁₂Sb₄S₁₃,CU₂O, CuI, CuBr and CuCl were tested on exposure to different gases and vapors, including ammonia, nitrogen monoxide, octanethiol, hydrogen chloride, acetic acid, formic acid, ethanol, humidity and piperidine. The sensitivity of the resistivity to ammonia was estimated as 2.7%/ppm for CuBr,1.4%/ppm for Cu₂O, 1.2%/ppm for CuCl, 0.013%/ppm for CuI, but only 0.0028%/ppm for Cu₁₂Sb₄S₁₃. The highest selectivity for ammonia was observed for Cu₁₂Sb₄S₁₃. The sensitivity patterns of these materials to the tested gases and vapors are very different which makes them applicable for sensor arrays for identification and quantification of these species. KW - Chemical sensor KW - Gas sensor KW - Ammonia sensor KW - Conductometric sensor KW - Chemoresistor KW - Copper(I) Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2008.06.047 SN - 0925-4005 VL - 134 IS - 2 SP - 839 EP - 842 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lange, Ulrich A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Separated analysis of bulk and contact resistance of conducting polymers: comparison of simultaneous 2- and 4-point measurements with impedance measurements T2 - Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry N2 - Simultaneous measurements of conductive polymer by two-and four-point techniques were used for evaluation of the contact resistance for the polymer/metal interface. An experimental validation of this approach was performed for polypyrrole electrochemically deposited on gold electrodes. The dependence of contact resistance on the electrode potential versus reference electrode was measured. The results were compared with the corresponding dependence obtained from impedance spectroscopy. Both techniques provide almost identical data while the new approach is easier, faster and independent on selection of equivalent circuits. KW - Conducting polymer KW - Polypyrrole KW - Contact resistance KW - Simultaneous two KW - Four-point measurements Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelechem.2008.06.013 SN - 1572-6657 VL - 622 IS - 2 SP - 246 EP - 251 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hodzhaoglu, Feyzim A1 - Kurniawan, Fredy A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Nanev, Christo T1 - Gold nanoparticles induce protein crystallization T2 - Crystal Research and Technology N2 - Nucleation of protein crystals by gold nanoparticles was observed. Lysozyme and ferritin were used as model proteins. The effect was established with uncoated gold nanoparticles and with gold nanoparticles coated by 16-mercaptodecanoic acid. KW - gold nanoparticles KW - protein crystallization KW - nucleants KW - lysozyme KW - ferritin Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/crat.200811125 SN - 1521-4079 VL - 43 IS - 6 SP - 588 EP - 593 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lange, Ulrich A1 - Roznyatovskaya, Nataliya V. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Conducting polymers in chemical sensors and arrays (invited review) T2 - Analytica Chimica Acta N2 - The review covers main applications of conducting polymers in chemical sensors and biosensors. The first part is focused on intrinsic and induced receptor properties of conducting polymers, such as pH sensitivity, sensitivity to inorganic ions and organic molecules as well as sensitivity to gases. Induced receptor properties can be also formed by molecularly imprinted polymerization or by immobilization of biological receptors. Immobilization strategies are reviewed in the second part. The third part is focused on applications of conducting polymers as transducers and includes usual optical (fluorescence, SPR, etc.) and electrical (conductometric, amperometric, potentiometric, etc.) transducing techniques as well as organic chemosensitive semiconductor devices. An assembly of stable sensing structures requires strong binding of conducting polymers to solid supports. These aspects are discussed in the next part. Finally, an application of combinatorial synthesis and high-throughput analysis to the development and optimization of sensing materials is described. KW - Conducting polymers KW - Chemical sensors KW - Electroactive polymers KW - Gas sensors KW - Combinatorial techniques KW - Electropolymerization KW - Sensor array Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2008.02.068 SN - 0003-2670 VL - 614 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 26 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bulle, Helmut A1 - Straub, Andrea A1 - Röske, Isolde A1 - Triller, Wolfgang T1 - Kritische Analyse des abwassertechnischen Regelwerkes für Kleinkläranlagen und kleine Kläranlagen - Teil II: Bemessung und technische Gestaltung von Biofilmreaktoren mit feinblasiger Druckbelüftung in der dezentralen Abwasserbehandlung T1 - Critical Analysis of the DWA Standards for small Wastewater Treatment Plants - Part II: Dimensioning and technical Design of biological Reactors with fine-bubble compressed aeration Systems for small Sewage Treatment Plants T2 - gwf-Wasser, Abwasser N2 - 2011 und 2012 wurden mit dem Arbeitsblatt DWA-A 222 und dem Merkblatt DWA-M 221 neue Teile des DWA-Regelwerkes in Kraft gesetzt, in denen erstmals Arbeitsorientierungen für Biofilmanlagen mit getauchtem Festbett und frei beweglichen Aufwuchskörpern enthalten sind. Bei beiden Verfahren erfolgt die Sauerstoffversorgung in der Regel durch feinblasige Druckbelüftung. Die Aussagen im Arbeitsblatt DWA-A 222 berücksichtigen nur unzureichend die langjährigen Betriebserfahrungen mit Anlagen, die mit getauchtem Festbett arbeiten. Bei Verwendung der angegebenen Bemessungsparameter kann es in den hoch belasteten Anlagenstufen mit Kohlenstoffelimination zu Sauerstoffmangel kommen, wodurch die Reinigungsleistung stark beeinträchtigt wird. N2 - In 2011 and 2012 the new DWA Standards DWA-A 222 and DWA-M 221 for wastewater treatment plants were published, where rules for biofilm plants with submerged fixed bed and free movable biofilm carriers are included for the first time. In both technologies, the oxygen supply is usually realized by fine-bubble compressed aeration. The DWA-A 222 Standard does not adequately take into account the extensive operational experience with systems that work with submerged fixed bed. Using the specified parameters, a lack of oxygen supply can occur in the high load plant-level of carbon elimination. In this case the cleaning capability may be severely impaired. KW - Abwassertechnisches Regelwerk KW - dezentrale Abwasserbehandlung KW - feinblasige Druckbelüftung KW - Biofilmreaktor KW - Reaktorkaskade KW - Wastewater treatment Standards KW - small wastewater treatment plants KW - biofilm reactor KW - reactor cascade KW - fine-bubble compressed aeration Y1 - 2015 SN - 0016-3651 VL - 156 IS - 10 SP - 1012 EP - 1019 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bulle, Helmut A1 - Straub, Andrea A1 - Triller, Wolfgang T1 - Kritische Analyse des abwassertechnischen Regelwerkes für Kleinkläranlagen und kleine Kläranlagen - Teil I: Mechanische Reinigung des Abwassers (Vor- und Nachklärung) T1 - Critical Analysis of the DWA Standards for small Wastewater Treatment Plants - Part I: Mechanical Treatment of Wastewater (primary and secondary Clarification) T2 - gwf-Wasser | Abwasser N2 - 2011 und 2012 wurden mit dem Arbeitsblatt DWA-A 222 und dem Merkblatt DWA-M 221 neue Teile des DWA-Regelwerkes für kleine Kläranlagen mit Anschlussgrößen bis 1000 EW und für Kleinkläranlagen mit Anschlussgrößen bis 50 EW in Kraft gesetzt. Die damit gegebenen Orientierungen führen im Bereich der mechanischen Behandlungsstufen der Vor- und Nachklärung teilweise zu einer erheblichen Vergrößerung der Anlagendimensionen und in der Folge zu einer entsprechenden Erhöhung der Investitions- und Betriebskosten. Die in den bisherigen Bemessungsrichtlinien enthaltenen Diskrepanzen an der Schnittstelle zwischen Kleinkläranlagen und kleinen Kläranlagen bei der Anschlussgröße 50 EW konnten durch das neue Regelwerk nicht überwunden werden. Es besteht keine ausreichende inhaltliche Übereinstimmung zwischen dem DWA-Regelwerk und den Bemessungsgrundsätzen des DIBt. N2 - In 2011 and 2012 were published the new DWA Standards DWA-A 222 and DWA-M 221 for wastewater treatment plants with a capacity up to 1000 inhabitants and for small units up to 50 inhabitants. A significant increase of mechanical plant dimensions and consequently a corresponding increase in capital and operating costs of the primary and secondary clarification result through these new rules. The discrepancies in the former dimensioning guidelines at the interface between small units up to 50 inhabitants and treatment plants with higher capacity were not removed by the new rules. There is no adequate agreement between the dimensioning by the DWA Standards and by the rules of DIBt. KW - Abwassertechnisches Regelwerk KW - mechanische Abwasserreinigung KW - hydraulische Belastung KW - Vorklärung KW - Nachklärung KW - Wastewater treatment Standards KW - mechanical treatment of wastewater KW - hydraulic load KW - primary clarification KW - secondary clarification Y1 - 2015 SN - 0016-3651 SN - 0016-4909 VL - 156 IS - 9 SP - 910 EP - 917 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bulle, Helmut A1 - Straub, Andrea A1 - Triller, Wolfgang T1 - Computersimulation von Biofilmanlagen mit feinblasiger Druckbelüftung in der biologischen Abwasserbehandlung T1 - Computer Simulation of Biofilm Waste Water Treatment Plants with Fine-Bubble Aeration Systems T2 - gwf Wasser, Abwasser N2 - Mithilfe der Computersimulation lassen sich in Ergänzung zu herkömmlichen statischen Auslegungsmethoden wichtige zusätzliche Informationen über den Betrieb von Anlagen zur biologischen Abwasserbehandlung gewinnen. Die verwendeten mathematischen Modelle bestehen aus den Massenbilanzen der Reaktionskomponenten in Form von nichtlinearen gewöhnlichen Differentialgleichungen sowie Nebenbedingungen für den Sauerstoffeintrag und der Kinetik der biochemischen Reaktionen. Die Lösung erfolgt numerisch mithilfe eines RungeKuttaVerfahrens 4. Ordnung. Die Möglichkeiten der Computersimulation werden demonstriert am Beispiel einer Kleinkläranlage bei temporärer Überlast bzw. Stoßbelastungen durch Badewannenabfluss und am Beispiel einer Reaktorkaskade mit vorgelagerter Denitrifikationsstufe und unterschiedlichen Werten des Rücklaufstromes. N2 - Computer simulation can be used in addition to conventional static design methods to get important further information about the operation of plants for biological waste water treatment. The mathematical models consist of the mass balances in the form of nonlinear ordinary differential equations as well as additional equations for the oxygen transfer and the kinetics of biochemical reactions. The solution is carried out numerically using a fourth order RungeKutta method. The possibilities of computer simulation are shown by the example of a small sewage treatment plant in the case of temporary overload and impact loads by bathtub outflow as well as of a reactor cascade with upstream denitrifcation reactor and different values of the reflux flow. KW - biologische Abwasserbehandlung KW - Computersimulation KW - Modellierung KW - Biofilmanlagen KW - Übergangsverhalten von komplexen Reaktionssystemen KW - Kleinkläranlagen KW - Biological waste water treatment KW - computer simulation KW - mathematical modelling KW - biofilm plants KW - transition behavior of complex reaction systems KW - small sewage treatment plants Y1 - 2015 SN - 0016-3651 SN - 0016-4909 VL - 156 IS - 1 SP - 72 EP - 81 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bulle, Helmut A1 - Straub, Andrea A1 - Triller, Wolfgang T1 - Stofftransport und Stoffumwandlung in Reaktoren zur biologischen Abwasserbehandlung mit feinblasiger Belüftung T1 - Mass Transfer and Chemical Reaction in Biological Waste Water Treatment Plants with fine-bubble Aeration T2 - gwf Wasser Abwasser N2 - Bei der biologischen Abwasserbehandlung kommen zum überwiegenden Teil Verfahren mit feinblasiger Druckbelüftung für die Sauerstoffversorgung zum Einsatz. Während bei den Belebungsverfahren mit suspendierter Biomasse in der Regel der Stoffübergang von der Gasphase zur Flüssigkeit geschwindigkeitsbestimmend ist, kehren sich die Verhältnisse bei den Biofilmverfahren teilweise um. Das betrifft insbesondere Verfahren mit getauchten Festbetten im Bereich niedriger spezifischer Bewuchsflächen, bei denen der molekulare Stofftransport in der Biomasse zum geschwindigkeitsbestimmenden Faktor wird. Auf der Grundlage der Penetrationstheorie kamen Wuhrmann und Harremoes zu theoretischen Aussagen, mit denen sich Parameterbereiche für kritische Betriebszustände angeben lassen. Die theoretischen Voraussagen befinden sich in guter Übereinstimmung mit den praktischen Betriebserfahrungen. N2 - Biological waste water treatment plants mostly are equipped with fine-bubble aeration systems for oxygen supply. In the case of activated sludge technology, where biomass is distributed as suspended flocks in the liquid-phase, normally mass transfer of oxygen across the interface between gas and liquid is the limiting step for the process. In biofilm reactors, however the situation is more differentiated. Especially in submerged fixed-bed reactors with low specific surface area of the substratum molecular diffusion in the biomass may be the limiting step for the process. Using results of Wuhrmann and Harremoes obtained on the basis of penetration-theory it is possible to determine a critical area of exploitation parameters. Theoretical predictions are in good agreement with practical operation experience. KW - biologische Abwasserbehandlung KW - Sauerstoffversorgung KW - Bioflocke KW - Biofilm KW - Diffusionskontrolle KW - Penetrationskoeffizient KW - Biological waste water treatment KW - oxygen supply KW - biofilm KW - diffusion control KW - penetration coefficient KW - biofloc Y1 - 2013 SN - 0016-3651 SN - 0016-4909 VL - 154 IS - 10 SP - 1106 EP - 1116 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kurniawan, Fredy A1 - Tsakova, Vessela T. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Analytical applications of electrodes modified by gold nanoparticles: dopamine detection T2 - Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology N2 - Dopamine oxidation was studied on modified gold (nano-Au) electrodes obtained by Layer-by-Layer deposition of gold nanoparticles and polyacrylic acid. A gradual loss of electrochemical activity for the dopamine oxidation reaction is observed at pH 7. Simultaneous SPR spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry indicate the formation of an adsorbed layer on the electrode surface at this pH value. Investigations, performed through electrochemical and SPR measurements at pH 4, give evidence for a reversible process. At this pH value both dopamine oxidation and reduction current peaks show linear dependence on the dopamine concentration and may be used for analytical applications. The use of the nano-Au electrode allows resolving the peaks corresponding to ascorbic acid and to dopamine oxidation by 240 mV thus providing a high selectively for dopamine detection in the presence of ascorbic acid. The detection limit of this electrode for dopamine is below 4 microM in the presence of 1 mM ascorbic acid. The sensitivity normalized to the macroscopic electrode surface is about 10 mA cm(-2) mM(-1) at sweep rate of 10 V/s. KW - ascorbic acid KW - dopamine KW - electrochemical detection KW - gold nanoparticles KW - surface plasmon resonance Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2009.SE13 SN - 1533-4880 SN - 1533-4899 VL - 9 IS - 4 SP - 2407 EP - 2412 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cígler, Petr A1 - Král, Vladimír A1 - Kožíšek, Milan A1 - Konvalinka, Jan A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Anomalous adsorptive properties of HIV protease: Indication of two-dimensional crystallization? T2 - Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces N2 - Adsorption of HIV protease onto surfaces that are usually considered to be protein-resistant was studied quantitatively using surface plasmon resonance. Adsorption onto gold surfaces functionalized by OH-terminated alkyl chains was much stronger than onto oligo(ethylene glycol)-terminated surfaces. Equilibrium and kinetic adsorption constants were determined. An anomalous mutual attraction between adsorbate molecules was observed, indicating the possibility of two-dimensional crystallization of HIV protease. These results are applicable for the design of sensors/biosensors for HIV protease resistance detection and for proper manipulation of this enzyme in laboratory devices. KW - HIV protease KW - Protein adsorption KW - Protein-resistant surfaces KW - Self-assembled monolayer KW - Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2008.01.011 SN - 0927-7765 VL - 64 IS - 1 SP - 145 EP - 149 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Boecker, Daniel A1 - Zybin, Alexander A1 - Niemax, Kay A1 - Grunwald, Christian A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Noise reduction by multiple referencing in surface plasmon resonance imaging T2 - Review of Scientific Instruments N2 - The analytical performance of surface plasmon resonance imaging with charge coupled device detection can be improved significantly by splitting a macroscopic sensing surface into multiple microscopic neighboring sensing and referencing subareas. It is shown that such a multiple referencing reduces intensity fluctuations across the total sensing area and, therefore, improves the signal/noise (S/N)ratio proportional to the splitting factor. The approach is demonstrated by detection of biotin binding to a monolayer of streptavidin. An effective variation of the reflected intensity of about 10⁻⁴, which corresponds to the refraction index variation of 3 x 10⁻⁶, was detected with a S/N ratio about 10 without any temperature stabilization of the sensing area. Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2888527 SN - 1527-2400 VL - 79 IS - 2 SP - 023110 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Potyrailo, Radislav A. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Combinatorial and high-throughput development of sensing materials: The first ten years T2 - Chemical Reviews Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/cr068127f SN - 0009-2665 SN - 1520-6890 VL - 108 SP - 770 EP - 813 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vasjari, Majlinda A1 - Shirshov, Yuri M. A1 - Samoylov, Anton V. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - SPR investigation of mercury reduction and oxidation on thin gold electrodes T2 - Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry N2 - Mercury reduction and oxidation on ultrathin gold electrodes was investigated by simultaneous voltammetry and surface plasmon resonance (SPR). The angle dependencies of SPR signal were analyzed quantitatively. The results indicate partially reversible formation of amalgam with optical properties in between of optical properties of mercury and gold. Up to 12% content of mercury in the gold layer is suggested. KW - Surface plasmon resonance KW - Electrochemical SPR KW - Simultaneous SPR and voltammetry KW - Mercury KW - Amalgam Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelechem.2007.03.019 SN - 1572-6657 VL - 605 IS - 1 SP - 73 EP - 76 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zybin, Alexander A1 - Boecker, Daniel A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Niemax, Kay T1 - Enhancement of the detection power of surface plasmon resonance measurements by optimization of the reflection angle T2 - Analytical Chemistry N2 - The detection limit of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) measurements has been improved by a factor of approximately 2-3.5 if the angle of incidence was near to the reflection minimum of the SPR resonance curve instead at the position of the steepest slope, the standard alignment in SPR imaging. The enhancement of the detection power, a result of signal-to-noise optimization, is demonstrated by applying a photodiode and a CCD camera for SPR detection. The experimental data are compared with data expected from theory. Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/ac070074u SN - 0003-2700 SN - 1520-6882 VL - 79 IS - 11 SP - 4233 EP - 4236 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Delaney, Tetyana L. A1 - Zimin, Denys A1 - Rahm, Michael A1 - Weiss, Dieter A1 - Wolfbeis, Otto S. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Capacitive detection in ultrathin chemosensors prepared by molecularly imprinted grafting photopolymerization T2 - Analytical Chemistry N2 - The usual applications of capacitive detection in chemo- and biosensors are based on changes in effective thickness of insulating layers due to adsorption of analyte onto receptors. Ultrathin chemosensors based on molecularly imprinted polymerization enable a realization of another capacitive approach that exploits changes in electrical capacitance due to modification of the dielectric constant of the polymer. Such chemosensors were prepared by photografted molecularly imprinted polymerization on the surface of gold electrodes. An adsorbed layer of hydrophobic photoinitiator (benzophenone) provided grafted polymerization on the surface of the alkanethiol-modified gold electrode. The chemosensors were characterized by cyclic voltammetry, impedance spectroscopy, and scanning electron and atomic force microscopy. Binding of analyte was detected by measurements of electrical capacitance. The results indicate a decrease of the dielectric constant of the polymer layer due to analyte binding up to 20%. Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/ac062143v SN - 0003-2700 SN - 1520-6882 VL - 79 IS - 8 SP - 3220 EP - 3225 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hirsch, Thomas A1 - Shaporenko, Andrey A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Zharnikov, Michael T1 - Monomolecular films of phthalocyanines: formation, characterisation and expelling by alkanethiols T2 - Langmuir N2 - Adsorption of aluminum-2,3-naphthalocyanine (Al-PC) onto gold (111) substrate from the pure and mixed (with alkanethiols) solutions of the target molecules in ethanol was studied. The resulting films were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy. The adsorption from the pure solution resulted in formation of an Al-PC monolayer composed of the strongly inclined molecules. However, a presence of only one molar percent of a thiolated compound (alkanethiol) in the primary solution led to the complete expelling of the Al-PC molecules from the substrate and formation of a one-component alkylthiolate monolayer. The results indicate that an equilibrium formation of mixed monolayers of rodlike thiolated molecules and relatively large planar-geometry molecules, whose interaction with the metal surface is mainly provided by the π-electron system, is difficult to achieve or is in most cases even impossible under equilibrium conditions and requires an introduction of additional anchor moieties (e.g., thiols) into these molecules, as has been demonstrated by successful coadsorption of hexadecanethiol and thiolated tetraphenylporphyrin. Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/la0634239 SN - 0743-7463 SN - 1520-5827 VL - 23 IS - 8 SP - 4373 EP - 4377 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cao, Limin A1 - Lin, Hong A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - DNA-based surface plasmon resonance biosensor for enrofloxacin T2 - Analytica Chimica Acta N2 - A DNA-based surface plasmon resonance biosensor for enrofloxacin was developed. Heating denatured DNA immobilized on the gold-coated glass surface was exploited. The immobilization was performed by a layer-by-layer co-deposition with a cationic polymer. The sensor performance was tested with real biological probes. Direct and simple determination of enrofloxacin in milk samples was demonstrated. The sensor response obeys Langmuir binding isotherm being almost linear until about 20 µg per mL. The detection limit in milk samples was estimated to be 3 µg per mL. KW - Surface plasmon resonance KW - Nucleic acid KW - Biosensor KW - Enrofloxacin KW - Fluoroquinolones KW - Layer-by-layer deposition Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2007.02.034 SN - 0003-2670 VL - 589 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Launert, Benjamin A1 - Rhode, Michael A1 - Kromm, Arne A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Kannengießer, Thomas T1 - Measurement and numerical modeling of residual stresses in welded HSLA component-like I-girders T2 - Welding in the World N2 - The present contribution shows the residual stress results obtained from experiments with the sectioning method in comparison to global (structural) welding simulation models on component-like (i.e., large scale) I-girders made of structural steel grades S355 and S690QL. Plates were welded by conventional gas metal arc welding using two different heat inputs. In addition, the base material was assumed to be approximately stress-free. Based on these results, conclusions and recommendations for the design of welded I-girders are drawn. KW - Residual Stresses KW - Microalloyed steels KW - Girders KW - MAG welding KW - Simulating Y1 - 2016 UR - http://rdcu.be/n6mU U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s40194-016-0413-x SN - 0043-2288 SN - 1878-6669 VL - 61 IS - 2 SP - 223 EP - 229 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Genchev, Gancho Vladimirov A1 - Doynov, Nikolay A1 - Ossenbrink, Ralf A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Modelling the Local Microstructure Properties due to Multi-Pass Welding T2 - Materials Science Forum Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.879.595 SN - 0255-5476 SN - 1662-9752 N1 - International Conference on Processing & Manufacturing of Advanced Materials Processing, Fabrication, Properties, Applications, May 29 - June 3, 2016 Graz, Austria VL - Vol. 879 SP - 595 EP - 600 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Michailov, Vesselin A1 - Doynov, Nikolay T1 - Analytical-Numerical Modeling Approach for Calculation of the Structural Distortions after Welding and Thermal Straightening T2 - Journal of Mechanics Engineering and Automation Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.17265/2159-5275/2016.05.004 SN - 2159-5283 SN - 2159-5275 VL - 6 IS - 5 SP - 246 EP - 253 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bromberg, Kirstin T1 - Akademische Lehr-Lern-Forschung im Vergleich: Wissenschaftliche Selbstthematisierungen aus transnationaler Perspektive T2 - Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft (ZfE) N2 - International geführte Debatten zur Verbindung von Forschung und Lehre an Universitäten befördern seit den 1990er Jahren Untersuchungen, die das akademische Lehren systematisch aus der Perspektive des Lernens erforschen. Dieser Spezialfall der Lehr-Lern-Forschung erlangt gegenwärtig als forschungsinformiertes Lehren (research-informed teaching) internationale Bedeutung und wird als wissenschaftliche Selbstthematisierung theoretisch diskutiert. Am Beispiel der Lehr-Lern-Forschungslinie „The Scholarship of Teaching and Learning“ zeigt der Aufsatz, dass es sich hierbei nur scheinbar um eine neue Perspektive auf akademisches Lehren und Lernen handelt. Diese These wird anhand ausgewählter Forschungsarbeiten der deutsch-sprachigen Bildungsgangforschung und Bildungsdidaktik belegt, die in den 1980er Jahren publiziert wurden. Auf der Basis einer vergleichenden Analyse von Merkmalen der jungen angelsächsischen Lehr-Lern-Forschungslinie mit Forschungsarbeiten der deutschsprachigen Bildungsgangforschung und Bildungsdidaktik werden Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschieden zwischen der jüngeren und älteren Form der wissenschaftlichen Selbstthematisierung herausgearbeitet. Neben Gemeinsamkeiten hinsichtlich ihres Erkenntnisinteresses und der von ihnen eingesetzten Untersuchungsmethoden erweisen sich die Forschungslinien dort als verschieden, wo Aussagen über die mikro- und mesostrukturelle Dimension ihres Untersuchungsgegenstandes hinaus zu treffen wären. Indem sie die gesamtgesellschaftliche Dimension ihres Untersuchungsgegenstandes erkennbar zum Thema machen, gehen die älteren deutschsprachigen Arbeiten über die junge angelsächsische Forschungslinie hinaus. Bei einer Übertragung ins Englische könnten sie insofern als Pionierstudien einer international gerade hoch im Kurs stehenden Wissenschaft des Lehrens und Lernens transnationale Relevanz erlangen. N2 - Since the 1990’s, international debate regarding the correlation between research and teaching has been encouraging new research, which systematically investigates academic learning from the perspective of learning. The special case of teaching-learning research currently obtained international recognition and will be discussed theoretically as academic self-reflection. The example of the teaching-learning line of research “The Scholarship of Teaching and Learning,” the essay shows as a matter of fact, it only seems as though a new perspective on academic teaching and learning has been established. This thesis is based on selected research by the German educational background research and education didactics, which were published in the 1980s. On the basis of a comparative analysis of characteristics of young Anglo-Saxon teaching-learning lines of research, accompanied by German educational background research and education didactics, similarities and differences between the newer and older forms of scientific self- reflection will be discussed. In addition to similarities in terms of their research interest and methods employed, the lines of research provided discrepancies in statements beyond the micro-and meso-structural dimension of its object of study. By making the overall social dimension of their object of study the clearly identifiable theme, the older German work becomes more expansive than the young Anglo-Saxon line of research. With a translation into English they could be recognized as pioneer studies of international standing and transnational relevance in the field of scholarship of teaching and learning. KW - Wissenschaft des Lehrens und Lernens KW - Verbindung von Forschung und Lehre KW - Wissenschaftliche Selbstthematisierung KW - Deutschsprachige Bildungsforschung und Bildungsdidaktik Y1 - 2015 UR - http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11618-015-0621-y U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11618-015-0621-y SN - 1434-663X SN - 1862-5215 VL - 18 IS - 3 SP - 551 EP - 567 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bromberg, Kirstin T1 - Becoming a Professional. Improving Social Action through Letter Writing in Social Work Education T2 - Sociální práce / Sociálna práca Czech and Slovak Social Work. Special English Issue - Connecting Theory and Practice N2 - Social work takes place in multi-professional contexts. These contexts require skills in understanding meaning in order to intermediate from different perspectives in order to deal with cases successfully. Taking or looking at perspectives which differ from our own, and using them is - from a theoretical point of view - defined as dialogue (Kloepfer, 1982; Mead, 1965). A dialogue understanding as a “meeting of minds” (Mead 1965, 52) happens mostly during conversations, and also to a lesser degree from written information. Given the epistemic potential of writing for social work (Dias et al., 1999; White, Epston, 1990), this article specifically proves the potential of the study writing to initiate and keep up dialogical conversations in order to become a well-educated social worker. Therefore it discusses letter writing and its dialogical potential from a trans-disciplinary perspective, and through an empirical study of a series of letters written by social work students. The analysis methodologically involves grounded theory procedures (Straus, Corbin, 1990; Bromberg, 2014), and makes use of analytical methods, usually used for autobiographical narrative interviews (Riemann 2003; Schütze 2008). Along with the analysis, it will show how both addressed writing, as provided from letters, serve professional attitudes and acting through dialogical communication, promote dealings from different perspectives required in multi-professional social work contexts. The general idea that letters help us become better professional social (case) workers that Mary E. Richmond made nearly hundred years ago can now be verified by theoretical and empirical insights. KW - dialogue KW - self-reflection KW - writing KW - letter KW - social work KW - professional Y1 - 2014 UR - http://www.socialniprace.cz/eng/index.php?sekce=2&ukol=detail&id=73&clanekid=699 SN - 1213-6204 SN - 1805-885x VL - 14 IS - 5 SP - 19 EP - 34 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bromberg, Kirstin T1 - Harmonisierung von Lehren und Lernen mit der ‚doc.post‘ (documents of commitment) T1 - On adjusting teaching and learning with ‚doc.post‘ (‘document of commitment’) T2 - Brandenburgische Beiträge zur Hochschuldidaktik N2 - Internationale Forschungsbefunde zu ‚Teaching in Higher Education’ konstatieren immer wieder eine Nicht-Übereinstimmung zwischen intentional angelegten Lehrinhalten und Lernzielen und tatsächlich hervorgebrachten Fähigkeiten. Sie legen eine formative Evaluation von akademischen Lehr-Lern-Angeboten nahe, um bereits im Verlauf einer Lehrveranstaltung auf etwaige Lernschwierigkeiten und –barrieren reagieren zu können. Das an deutschen Hochschulen gängige Repertoire sozial-wissenschaftlicher Evaluationsinstrumente fokussiert jedoch zumeist auf summative quantitative Verfahren, die weder den verschiedenen Formaten akademischer Lehre noch dem komplexen Interaktionsgeschehen in Lehr-Lern-Kontexten gerecht zu werden scheinen, indem sie auf die Abfrage studentischer Zufriedenheitsniveaus abstellen. Anliegen dieses Beitrages ist es daher, ein von der Verfasserin entwickeltes multifunktionales und metakognitiv angelegtes Lehr-Lern-Forschungsinstrument, die ‚doc.post’ vorzustellen, das sich insbesondere zur Ausbildung generischer Kompetenzen in verschiedenen universitären erziehungs- und kulturwissenschaftlichen Studiengängen bewährt hat. Die ‚doc.post’ eignet sich gleichermaßen als Evaluations- und Prüfungsinstrument sowie für weitergehende Forschungsaktivitäten, die Qualität der eigenen Lehre betreffend. N2 - Research in Higher Education has shown that teaching and learning is actually not the same. Although we always have well-designed plans in teaching courses, students often do not acquire the needed and desired learning outcomes. Teaching does not automatically lead to a desired learning outcome. Searching for a solution of the described gap between teaching and learning I worked out a method called ‘doc.post,’ that serves both teaching and learning. It impacts teaching observation and evaluation and reveals students’ learning processes and insights at once. This paper is the first result of my ruminations on how to harmonize teaching and learning and consists of six parts. Before introducing the currently developed method ‘doc.post’, I have given a more general comment on academic teaching and the creation of ‘doc.post’ as a result of my own teaching and learning processes at universities. This is followed by few a words on the theoretical and analytical frame that ‘doc.post’ has been built on. I then explore how to use and when to apply the ‘doc.post’ in academic teaching and learning. Finally I summarize the extent of resources ‘doc.post’ requires and in which case it is worth using. If readers are interested in further details, there is additional information on practicing ‘doc.post’ aligned to empirical data at the very end of this paper. KW - Hochschuldidaktik KW - Lernen und Lehren KW - Lernprozesse KW - Tertiärer Bildungsbereich KW - doc.post KW - Higher Education KW - learning processes KW - teaching and learning Y1 - 2011 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-53185 UR - http://pub.ub.uni-potsdam.de/volltexte/2011/5318/ SN - 2191-3994 VL - 5 SP - 9 EP - 24 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bromberg, Kirstin T1 - Zur Erforschung studentischer Texte: Aktueller Forschungsstand und weiterführende Beiträge der Theoriebildung T2 - Zeitschrift Schreiben - Schreiben in Schule, Hochschule und Beruf N2 - Obwohl bekannt ist, dass zwischen Schreiben und Denken eine Wechselwirkung besteht, die zur Generierung von Wissen beiträgt, wird diese Tatsache in ihrer Bedeutung für akademische Lehr-Lern-Prozesse häufig unterschätzt. Während die Erforschung studentischer Texte international bereits etabliert ist, nimmt sie im deutschsprachigen Raum, wo sich Schreibzentren und universitäre Schreibforschung bislang nur in Ansätzen herausgebildet haben, eine randständige Position ein. Anliegen des Textes ist es deshalb, Möglichkeiten aufzuzeigen, wie die Wechselwirkung von Schreiben und Denken am Beispiel studentischer Texte gegenwärtig international untersucht wird und welche Erkenntnischancen aus ihr für das Verstehen von akademischen Sozialisationsprozessen resultieren. Zwar wird hierzu gegenwärtig bereits ein breites methodisches Repertoire genutzt, rekonstruktive Verfahren der Textanalyse kommen allerdings kaum vor. Diese vor allem im deutschen Sprachraum ausdifferenzierten Methoden der Text- und Dokumentenforschung finden aufgrund ihrer Veröffentlichung in deutscher Sprache in angelsächsischen Diskursen kaum Berücksichtigung. Ihr Einbezug könnte indes massgeblich zur Erhellung des Zusammenspiels von studentischer Textproduktion und Erwerb von Wissen beitragen, deren Einsichten weit über die Schreibwissenschaft hinaus von Bedeutung wären. Y1 - 2015 UR - https://zeitschrift-schreiben.eu/globalassets/zeitschrift-schreiben.eu/2015/bromberg_erforschung_studentischer_texte.pdf SN - 1662-1417 IS - 25.6.2015 SP - 1 EP - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bromberg, Kirstin T1 - Schreib- und Entwicklungsprozesse in der Sozialen Arbeit T2 - Zeitschrift für Sozialpädagogik (ZfSp) N2 - Systematisches fallbezogenes Schreiben wurde bereits in der Entstehungsphase der Sozialen Arbeit als wirksame Strategie entdeckt, sich als Fallarbeiter in selbstreflexiver Weise mit seiner eigenen Rolle und Handlungspraxis auseinanderzusetzen (Richmond 1922, Sheffield 1920). Während dieses Merkmal professionellen Handelns zum Curriculum akademischer Professionalisierungsprozesse im angelsächsischen Sprachraum gehört, zählt es bislang nicht zum hiesigen Studium der Sozialen Arbeit. Der Artikel fragt deshalb nach den theoretischen Voraussetzungen und Bedingungen, unter denen Schreibprozesse bereits im Studium einen maßgeblichen Beitrag zur Entwicklung angehender Sozialarbeiter leisten können. Hierfür erweist sich nicht nur der enge Zusammenhang von Denken und Schreiben im Allgemeinen als relevant, sondern im Besonderen die Förderung dialogischen Schreibens. Es zeigt sich, dass der Brief zu diesem Professionalisierungsprozess in der Sozialen Arbeit einen besonderen, bisher indes vernachlässigten Beitrag leisten kann. N2 - Since the beginnings of social work as a profession, systematic writing has been found to be an effective way for case workers to reflect on their role and professional practice (Richmond 1922; Sheffield 1920). Systematic writing is incorporated in the academic social work curriculum in English-speaking countries but is not taught in social work studies in Germany. This article enquires into the theoretical and practical advantages of including writing in the professional social work program at German universities. There is a clear connection between writing and thinking, especially in dialogic writing. Letter writing can be especially useful and helpful in the process of becoming a professional social worker. Y1 - 2015 SN - 1610-2339 VL - 13 IS - 3 SP - 240 EP - 258 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klose, Markus A1 - Reinhold, Romy A1 - Logsch, Florian A1 - Wolke, Florian A1 - Linnemann, Julia A1 - Stoeck, Ulrich A1 - Oswald, Steffen A1 - Uhlemann, Martin A1 - Ballach, Juan A1 - Markowski, Jens A1 - Ay, Peter A1 - Giebeler, Lars T1 - Softwood lignin as a sustainable feedstock for porous carbons as active material for supercapacitors using an ionic liquid electrolyte T2 - ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering KW - porous carbons KW - lignin KW - supercapacitors Y1 - 2017 VL - 5 IS - 5 SP - 4095 EP - 4102 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gref, Orman A1 - Teodoreanu, Ana-Maria A1 - Leihkauf, Rainer A1 - Lohrke, Heiko A1 - Kittler, Martin A1 - Amkreutz, Daniel A1 - Boit, Christian A1 - Friedrich, Felice T1 - Grain boundary light beam induced current: A characterization of bonded silicon wafers and polycrystalline silicon thin films for diffusion length extraction T2 - Physica Status Solid A Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.201532987 SN - 1862-6319 VL - 213 IS - 7 SP - 1728 EP - 1737 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reiche, Manfred A1 - Kittler, Martin A1 - Pippel, Eckhard A1 - Übensee, Hartmut A1 - Kosina, Hans A1 - Grill, Alexander A1 - Stanojevic, Zlatan A1 - Baumgartner, Oskar T1 - Impact of Defect-Induced Strain on Device Properties T2 - Advanced Engineering Materials Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.201600736 SN - 1527-2648 N1 - Art.-Nr. 1600736 VL - 19 IS - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wendav, Torsten A1 - Fischer, Inga Anita A1 - Virgilio, Michele A1 - Capellini, Giovanni A1 - Oliveira, F. A1 - Cerqueira, M. F. A1 - Benedetti, Alessandro A1 - Chiussi, Stefano A1 - Zaumseil, Peter A1 - Schwartz, Bernhard A1 - Busch, Kurt A1 - Schulze, J. T1 - Photoluminescence from ultrathin Ge-rich multiple quantum wells observed up to room temperature: Experiments and modeling T2 - Physical Review B 94 Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.94.245304 VL - 94 IS - 24 SP - 245304 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reiche, Manfred A1 - Kittler, Martin A1 - Übensee, Hartmut A1 - Pippel, Eckhard A1 - Haehnel, Angelika A1 - Birner, Stefan T1 - Electronic properties of dislocations T2 - Appl. Phys. A (2016) Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-016-9836-x VL - April 2016 122:389 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Trieschmann, Jan A1 - Schmidt, Frederik A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas T1 - Particle-in-Cell/Test-Particle Simulations of Technological Plasmas: Sputtering Transport in Capacitive Radio Frequency Discharges T2 - Plasma Processes and Polymers Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ppap.201600140 SN - 1612-8869 VL - 14 IS - 1-2 SP - 1600140 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Trieschmann, Jan A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas T1 - Kinetic Analysis of Negative Power Deposition in Low Pressure Plasmas T2 - Plasma Sources Science and Technolgy Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6595/aa51f2 SN - 1361-6595 SN - 0963-0252 VL - 26 IS - 2 SP - 024004 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dirkmann, Sven A1 - Hansen, Mirko A1 - Ziegler, Martin A1 - Kohlstedt, Hermann A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas T1 - The Role of Ion Transport Phenomena in Memristive Double Barrier Devices T2 - Scientific Reports Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/srep35686 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 6 SP - 35686 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wilczek, Sebastian A1 - Trieschmann, Jan A1 - Eremin, Denis A1 - Brinkmann, Ralf Peter A1 - Schulze, Julian A1 - Schuengel, Edmund A1 - Derzsi, Aranka A1 - Korolov, Ihor A1 - Hartmann, Peter A1 - Donkó, Zoltán A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas T1 - Kinetic Interpretation of Resonance Phenomena in Low Pressure Capacitively Coupled Radio Frequency Plasmas T2 - Physics of Plasmas Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4953432 SN - 1070-664X SN - 1089-7674 VL - 23 IS - 6 SP - 063514 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schulze, Julian A1 - Schüngel, Edmund A1 - Derzsi, Aranka A1 - Korolov, Ihor A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas T1 - Complex Electron Heating in Capacitive Multi-Frequency Plasmas T2 - IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2014.2306265 SN - 0093-3813 VL - 42 IS - 10 SP - 2780 EP - 2781 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wilczek, Sebastian A1 - Trieschmann, Jan A1 - Schulze, Julian A1 - Schüngel, Edmund A1 - Brinkmann, Ralf Peter A1 - Derzsi, Aranka A1 - Korolov, Ihor A1 - Donkó, Zoltán A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas T1 - The Effect of the Driving Frequency on the Confinement of Beam Electrons and Plasma Density in Low Pressure Capacitive Discharges T2 - Plasma Sources Science and Technology Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/0963-0252/24/2/024002 SN - 0963-0252 SN - 1361-6595 VL - 24 IS - 2 SP - 024002 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gossner, Martin M. A1 - Lewinsohn, Thomas M. A1 - Kahl, Tiemo A1 - Grasstein, Fabrice A1 - Boch, Steffen A1 - Prati, Daniel A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Renner, Swen C. A1 - Sikorski, Johannes A1 - Wubet, Tesfaye T1 - Land-use intensification causes homogenization of grassland communities across trophic levels T2 - Nature N2 - Land-use intensification is a major driver of biodiversity loss. Alongside reductions in local species diversity, biotic homogenization at larger spatial scales is of great concern for conservation. Biotic homogenization means a decrease in β-diversity (the compositional dissimilarity between sites). Most studies have investigated losses in local (α)-diversity and neglected biodiversity loss at larger spatial scales. Studies addressing β-diversity have focused on single or a few organism groups (for example, ref. 4), and it is thus unknown whether land-use intensification homogenizes communities at different trophic levels, above- and belowground. Here we show that even moderate increases in local land-use intensity (LUI) cause biotic homogenization across microbial, plant and animal groups, both above- and belowground, and that this is largely independent of changes in α-diversity. We analysed a unique grassland biodiversity dataset, with abundances of more than 4,000 species belonging to 12 trophic groups. LUI, and, in particular, high mowing intensity, had consistent effects on β-diversity across groups, causing a homogenization of soil microbial, fungal pathogen, plant and arthropod communities. These effects were nonlinear and the strongest declines in β-diversity occurred in the transition from extensively managed to intermediate intensity grassland. LUI tended to reduce local α-diversity in aboveground groups, whereas the α-diversity increased in belowground groups. Correlations between the β-diversity of different groups, particularly between plants and their consumers, became weaker at high LUI. This suggests a loss of specialist species and is further evidence for biotic homogenization. The consistently negative effects of LUI on landscape-scale biodiversity underscore the high value of extensively managed grasslands for conserving multitrophic biodiversity and ecosystem service provision. Indeed, biotic homogenization rather than local diversity loss could prove to be the most substantial consequence of land-use intensification. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/nature20575 SN - 1476-4687 SN - 0028-0836 VL - 540 IS - 7632 SP - 266 EP - 269 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rui, Xiaoting A1 - Bestle, Dieter A1 - Zhang, Jianshu A1 - Zhou, Qinbo T1 - A New Version of Transfer Matrix Method for multibody Systems T2 - Multibody System Dynamics Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11044-016-9528-5 SN - 1573-272X VL - 38 IS - 2 SP - 137 EP - 156 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bauer, Alexander A1 - Neumeier, Steffen A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Göken, Mathias T1 - Influence of Iridium on the Properties of γ′-Strengthened Co-Base Superalloys T2 - Advanced Engineering Materials Y1 - 2015 SN - 1527-2648 VL - 17 IS - 6 SP - 748 EP - 754 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maurer, Thomas A1 - Gerke, Horst H. T1 - Processes and modeling of initial landscape development – a review T2 - Vadose Zone Journal N2 - The development pathway of a landscape depends to a degree on the initial spatial distributions of mineral and organic components. The interaction between structures and ecohydrological processes during the critical initial development period is scarcely understood and often difficult to observe. While viable modeling approaches exist for most aspects of initial development (e.g., landscape evolution, vegetation succession), a deeper understanding of the prevailing feedback mechanisms requires a comprehensive, integrated modeling approach. We present a review of the current literature regarding the description of initial structures, the state-of-the-art of research on structure-forming processes and their interaction with existing and newly emerging structures, as well as the corresponding modeling efforts. The most relevant aspects are (i) sediment translocation processes and initial evolution of topography, (ii) surface crusting, (iii) vegetation succession, and (iv) the evolution of the soil pore space. Based on existing conceptions for integrated modeling of the coevolution of structures and ecohydrological behavior, we outline an integrative modeling framework that is based on a three-dimensional spatial structural model of initial sediment distributions, which can be used to: (i) analyze the spatiotemporal development dynamics depending on initial structures; and (ii) relate the simulated structural development to available observations of initial ecohydrological development. We discuss possible validation and generalization strategies of modeling results, and propose to define three-dimensional spatial functional catchment units (process domains) characterized by specific structural dynamics and the dominant ecohydrological processes. Y1 - 2016 UR - http://vzj.geoscienceworld.org/content/15/12/vzj2016.05.0048.full U6 - https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2016.05.0048 SN - 1539-1663 VL - 15 IS - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Eremin, Denis A1 - Bienholz, Stefan A1 - Szeremley, Daniel A1 - Trieschmann, Jan A1 - Ries, Stefan A1 - Awakowicz, Peter A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas A1 - Brinkmann, Ralf Peter T1 - On the Physics of a Large CCP Discharge T2 - Plasma Sources Science and Technology Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/0963-0252/25/2/025020 SN - 1361-6595 SN - 0963-0252 VL - 25 IS - 2 SP - 025020 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berger, Birk A1 - Brandt, Steven A1 - Franek, James A1 - Schüngel, Edmund A1 - Koepke, Mark A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas A1 - Schulze, Julian T1 - Experimental Investigations of Electron Heating Dynamics and Ion Energy Distributions in Capacitive Discharges Driven by Customized Voltage Waveforms T2 - Journal of Applied Physics Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4937403 SN - 1089-7550 SN - 0021-8979 VL - 118 IS - 22 SP - 223302 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Oehme, Michael A1 - Gollhofer, Martin A1 - Kostecki, Konrad A1 - Körner, Roman A1 - Bechler, Stefan A1 - Widmann, Daniel A1 - Aguirov, Tzanimir A1 - Kittler, Martin A1 - Schulze, Jörg T1 - Ge and GeSn Light Emitters on Si T2 - Solid State Phenomena Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/SSP.242.353 SN - 1012-0394 VL - 242 SP - 353 EP - 360 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dirkmann, Sven A1 - Ziegler, Martin A1 - Hansen, Mirko A1 - Kohlstedt, Hermann A1 - Trieschmann, Jan A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas T1 - Kinetic Simulation of Filament Growth Dynamics in Memristive Electrochemical Metallization Devices T2 - Journal of Applied Physics Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4936107 SN - 1089-7550 SN - 0021-8979 VL - 118 IS - 21 SP - 214501 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Heinemann, Robert A1 - Schmidt, Peer T1 - Thermodynamic analysis of crystal growth of zinc oxide T2 - Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie N2 - Chemical vapor transport (CVT[1]) is a suitable method for production of single-crystals of high purity. In order to find proper strategies for CVT various tools of thermodynamic calculations and analysis of solid-gas equilibria are available. Those applications are demonstrated for vapor transport of zinc oxide under addition of phosphorous and water. KW - Crystal growth Y1 - 2016 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/zaac.201690018/full U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.201690018 SN - 1521-3749 VL - 642 IS - 18 SP - 1064 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tinello, Daniel A1 - Knödl, Martin A1 - Jodin, Dirk A1 - Winkler, Herwig T1 - Study of biomimetics applied to logistics,material han-dling, SCM and manufacturing: A bibliometric analysis (1990-2013) T2 - Logistics Journal Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2195/lj_Rev_tinello_en_201701_01 SN - 1860 -7977 IS - 2017-01-09 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cao, Limin A1 - Lin, Hong A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Detection of antibiotics in food: Extraction of fluoroquinolones by DNA T2 - Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry N2 - The ability of DNA to extract fluoroquinolones from model solutions and real probes of food was demonstrated and investigated quantitatively. The interaction between fluoroquinolones and different types of DNA was studied by equilibrium dialysis. The first application of this direct approach allowed us to determine binding constants and binding stoichiometries in different conditions. The binding of enrofloxacin to heat-denatured DNA (d-DNA) from herring sperm is pH- and magnesium-dependent; the highest fraction of bound drugs was found at pH 7 and a magnesium concentration of 0.5–1 mM. Results for three types of DNA: d-DNA, double-stranded DNA and single-stranded DNA were compared. The unwound DNA showed almost doubled binding constants and stoichiometries, thus indicating preferable interaction of enrofloxacin with single-strand regions of DNA. The binding of other fluoroquinolones (lomefloxacin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, danofloxacin and sarafloxacin) with d-DNA is very similar to that of enrofloxacin: the binding constants are in the range from 0.94 × 105 to 2.40 × 105 M−1, and the stoichiometries range from 4.1 to 6.9 fluoroquinolone molecules per 100 DNA bases. The binding properties were quantitatively the same for extraction of fluoroquinolones from model aqueous solutions and from liquid food (milk). The results indicate the efficiency of DNA for selective extraction of fluoroquinolones from real samples for further analysis. This selective binding also allows us to consider DNA as a natural receptor for development of analytical techniques for fluoroquinolones. KW - Fluoroquinolone KW - DNAExtraction KW - Binding constant KW - Binding stoichiometry Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-007-1191-5 SN - 1618-2642 SN - 1618-2650 VL - 388 IS - 1 SP - 253 EP - 258 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hansen, Mirko A1 - Ziegler, Martin A1 - Kolberg, Lucas A1 - Soni, Rohit A1 - Dirkmann, Sven A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas A1 - Kohlstedt, Hermann T1 - A Double Barrier Memristive Device T2 - Scientific Reports Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/srep13753 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 5 SP - 13753 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zahari, Finn A1 - Hansen, Mirko A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas A1 - Ziegler, Martin A1 - Kohlstedt, Hermann T1 - Pattern Recognition with TiOx-based Memristive Devices T2 - AIMS Materials Science Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3934/matersci.2015.3.203 SN - 2372-0484 VL - 2 IS - 3 SP - 203 EP - 216 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pfister, Daniela A1 - Schäfer, Konrad A1 - Ott, Claudia A1 - Gerke, Birgit A1 - Pöttgen, Rainer A1 - Janka, Oliver A1 - Baumgartner, Maximilian A1 - Efimova, Anastasia A1 - Hohmann, Andrea A1 - Schmidt, Peer A1 - Venkatachalam, Sabarinathan A1 - Wüllen, Leo van A1 - Schürmann, Ulrich A1 - Kienle, Lorenz A1 - Duppel, Viola A1 - Parzinger, Eric A1 - Miller, Bastian A1 - Becker, Jonathan A1 - Holleitner, Alexander A1 - Weihrich, Richard A1 - Nilges, Tom T1 - Inorganic double helices in semiconducting SnIP T2 - Advanced Materials N2 - SnIP is the first atomic-scale double helical semiconductor featuring a 1.86 eV bandgap, high structural and mechanical flexibility, and reasonable thermal stability up to 600 K. It is accessible on a gram scale and consists of a racemic mixture of right- and left-handed double helices composed by [SnI] and [P] helices. SnIP nanorods <20 nm in diameter can be accessed mechanically and chemically within minutes. KW - Helical semiconductor Y1 - 2016 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/adma.201603135/full U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201603135 SN - 1521-4095 VL - 28 IS - 44 SP - 9783 EP - 9791 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Trieschmann, Jan A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas T1 - Transport of Sputtered Particles in Capacitive Sputter Sources T2 - Journal of Applied Physics Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4926878 SN - 1089-7550 SN - 0021-8979 VL - 118 IS - 3 SP - 033302 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Eremin, Denis A1 - Hemke, Torben A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas T1 - Nonlocal Behavior of the Excitation Rate in Highly Collisional RF Discharges T2 - Plasma Sources Science and Technology Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/0963-0252/24/4/044004 SN - 0963-0252 SN - 1361-6595 VL - 24 IS - 4 SP - 044004 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gallian, Sara A1 - Trieschmann, Jan A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas A1 - Brinkmann, Ralf Peter A1 - Hitchon, William N. G. T1 - Analytic model of the Energy Distribution Function for Highly Energetic Electrons in Technological Plasmas T2 - Journal of Applied Physics Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4905943 SN - 1089-7550 SN - 0021-8979 VL - 117 IS - 2 SP - 023305 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Roznyatovskaya, Nataliya V. A1 - Laurinavichyute, Veronika K. A1 - Tsirlina, Galina A. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Electrochemistry and catalytic behavior of immobilized binuclear complexes of copper(II) and nickel(II) with Robson type ligand T2 - Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry N2 - Various systems containing immobilized binuclear copper(II) and nickel(II) complexes with Robson type ligand ([M2L]Cl2) are studied and compared in relation to catalysis of hydrogen peroxide reduction. Molecular complexes adsorbed on mercury and gold, crystalline complexes immobilized in the carbon paste electrode, and complex species entrapped into polyphenol-modified gold electrodes are considered. Electrocatalysis is assumed to result from the formation of H2O2–[M2L]Cl2 adduct, not from mediating redox transformations. Possible geometry of the formed reaction layers supporting adduct formation is discussed. KW - Binuclear copper macrocyclic complex KW - Cyclic voltammetry KW - Adsorption KW - Carbon paste electrodes KW - Electroreduction Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-006-0235-7 SN - 1432-8488 SN - 1433-0768 VL - 11 IS - 7 SP - 981 EP - 992 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kemaneci, Efe A1 - Booth, Jean-Paul A1 - Chabert, Pascal A1 - Dijk, Jan van A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas A1 - Brinkmann, Ralf Peter T1 - A Computational Analysis of the Vibrational Quanta of Molecular Oxygen in Low Pressure Stationary and Transient Radio-Frequency Oxygen Plasmas T2 - Plasma Sources Science and Technology Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/0963-0252/25/2/025025 SN - 1361-6595 SN - 0963-0252 VL - 25 IS - 2 SP - 025025 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schulze, Julian A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas T1 - Electron Heating in Technological Plasmas T2 - Plasma Sources Science and Technology Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/0963-0252/25/2/020401 SN - 0963-0252 SN - 1361-6595 VL - 25 IS - 2 SP - 020401 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Eremin, Denis A1 - Hemke, Torben A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas T1 - A New Hybrid Scheme for Simulations of Highly Collisional RF-Driven Plasmas T2 - Plasma Sources Science and Technology Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/0963-0252/25/1/015009 SN - 1361-6595 SN - 0963-0252 VL - 25 IS - 1 SP - 015009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gao, Quian A1 - Gilbert, David A1 - Heiner, Monika A1 - Liu, Fei A1 - Maccagnola, Daniele A1 - Tree, David T1 - Multiscale Modelling and Analysis of Planar Cell Polarity in the Drosophila Wing T2 - IEEE/ACM Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TCBB.2012.101 SN - 1545-5963 VL - 10 IS - 2 SP - 337 EP - 351 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reiche, Manfred A1 - Kittler, Martin T1 - Electronic and Optical Properties of Dislocations in Silicon T2 - Crystals Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst6070074 SN - 2073-4352 VL - 6 IS - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wehbi, Kassem A1 - Bestle, Dieter A1 - Beilharz, Jörg T1 - Automatic Calibration Process for Optimal Control of Clutch Engagement during Launch T2 - Mechanics Based Design of Structures and Machines Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/15397734.2016.1250221 SN - 1539-7742 VL - 45 IS - 4 SP - 507 EP - 522 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhao, Dapeng A1 - Chang, Keke A1 - Ebel, Thomas A1 - Nie, Hermin A1 - Willumeit-Römer, Regine A1 - Pyczak, Florian T1 - Sintering behavior and mechanical properties of a metal injection molded Ti–Nb binary alloy as biomaterial T2 - Journal of Alloys and Compounds Y1 - 2015 SN - 0925-8388 VL - 640 SP - 393 EP - 400 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Abbas, Laith K. A1 - Zhou, Qinbo A1 - Bestle, Dieter A1 - Rui, Xiaoting T1 - A Unified Approach for Treating Multibody Systems Involving Flexible Beams T2 - Mechanism and Machine Theory Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mechmachtheory.2016.09.022 SN - 0094-114X VL - 107 SP - 197 EP - 209 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Li A1 - Gabrisch, Heike A1 - Lorenz, Uwe A1 - Schimansky, Frank-Peter A1 - Schreyer, Andreas A1 - Stark, Andreas A1 - Pyczak, Florian T1 - Nucleation and thermal stability of carbide precipitates in high Nb containing TiAl alloys T2 - Intermetallics Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intermet.2015.07.001 SN - 0966-9795 VL - 66 SP - 111 EP - 119 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Soyama, Juliano A1 - Oehring, Michael A1 - Limberg, Wolfgang A1 - Ebel, Thomas A1 - Kainer, Karl Ulrich A1 - Pyczak, Florian T1 - The effect of zirconium addition on sintering behaviour, microstructure and creep resistance of the powder metallurgy processed alloy Ti-45Al-5Nb-0.2B-0.2C T2 - Materials and Design Y1 - 2015 SN - 0261-3069 VL - 84 SP - 87 EP - 94 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Soyama, Juliano A1 - Oehring, Michael A1 - Limberg, Wolfgang A1 - Ebel, Thomas A1 - Kainer, Karl Ulrich A1 - Pyczak, Florian T1 - Sintering behaviour of Ti–45Al–5Nb–0.2B–0.2C alloy modifications by additions of elemental titanium and aluminium T2 - Powder Metallurgy Y1 - 2015 SN - 1743-2901 VL - 58 IS - 5 SP - 369 EP - 375 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stark, Andreas A1 - Rackel, Marcus W. A1 - Tchouaha Tankoua, Aristide A1 - Oehring, Michael A1 - Schell, Norbert A1 - Lottermoser, Lars A1 - Schreyer, Andreas A1 - Pyczak, Florian T1 - In situ High-Energy X-Ray Diffraction during Hot-Forming of a Multiphase TiAl Alloy T2 - Metals Y1 - 2015 SN - 2075-4701 VL - 5 IS - 4 SP - 2252 EP - 2265 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hao, Qingli A1 - Wang, Xin A1 - Lu, Lude A1 - Yang, Xujie A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Electropolymerized multilayer conducting polymers with response to gaseous hydrogen chloride T2 - Macromolecular Rapid Communications N2 - A step-by-step ‘all-electrochemical’ approach has been presented to develop a multilayer structure of conducting polymers for gas sensors. The integrated structure includes a sensitive layer (polyaniline, PANI) and a conductive bridge consisting of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT). Good sensitivity, stability, and response of the multilayer material to gaseous HCl indicate a possible application of conductive polymers to provide a binding of sensitive elements in sensors or other fields. The conducting multilayer material, Au/pATP/PANI/PEDOT, was synthesized electrochemically. Y1 - 2005 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/marc.200500114 SN - 1521-3927 VL - 26 IS - 13 SP - 1099 EP - 1103 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Kulikov, Valentin A1 - Wolfbeis, Otto S. T1 - Complete system for combinatorial synthesis and functional investigation of conductive polymers T2 - American Chemical Society PMSE Preprints N2 - Complete system for combinatorial electrochemical synthesis and functional characterization of combinatorial libraries formed by different polymers and polymeric structures will be presented. Control of electrical potential of single electrode groups consisting of four electrodes (designed for 4-point measurements ) on the array comprising 96 such electrode groups provides addressable electrochemical polymer synthesis on the defined electrodes. After polymerization, electrical characteristics of polymers or/and polymer/electrode contacts and influence of potential analytes on these characteristic are measured. Final data analysis provides complete analytically relevant information on the investigated thin polymer layers or multilayer polymer structures: absolute and relative sensitivity, response time, reversibility, reproducibility, regeneration kinetics, linearity or binding constant. Examples of applications for the development of gas-sensitive (co)polymers and optimization of their sensitive properties and polymer/metal contacts will be presented. Y1 - 2005 VL - 93 SP - 1053 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hirsch, Thomas A1 - Zharnikov, Michael A1 - Shaporenko, Andrey A1 - Stahl, Joachim A1 - Weiss, Dieter A1 - Wolfbeis, Otto S. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Size-controlled electrochemical synthesis of metallic nanoparticles on molecular templates T2 - Angewandte Chemie International Edition N2 - Reduction on the spot: Planarly adsorbed thiolated porphyrin molecules (purple) incorporated in an insulating alkanethiol monolayer (blue) function as nanoelectrodes for the local reduction of metals (gray). This approach was applied for the in situ synthesis of nanoparticles of a predetermined size. Y1 - 2005 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.200500912 SN - 1521-3773 VL - 44 IS - 41 SP - 6775 EP - 6778 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zybin, Alexander A1 - Grunwald, Christian A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Kuhlmann, Jürgen A1 - Wolfbeis, Otto S. A1 - Niemax, Kay T1 - Double-wavelength technique for surface plasmon resonance measurements: basic concept and applications for single sensors and two-dimensional sensor arrays T2 - Analytical Chemistry N2 - A new technique for on-line monitoring of analyte binding to sensor surfaces by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) detection is described. It is based on differential measurements using two wavelengths provided by two diode lasers. The technique is as simple and robust as the conventional SPR detection measuring the reflected radiation at fixed incidence angle, but it has the advantage of being nonsensitive to variations of the resonance width and providing essentially higher signal/noise ratios. The paper presents the first four channel prototype system for parallel 2D-monitoring at four different spots. One channel is always used as a reference to compensate temperature fluctuations and nonspecific adsorptions. Calibration with sucrose solutions revealed an absolute sensitivity of Δn ∼ 5 × 10-6. The new technique is tested with a biotin−streptavidin binding and with hybridization/denaturation of DNA. Biotin binding to a streptavidin monolayer is detected with a signal/noise ratio of about 5, which demonstrates the high potential of the new technique for applications in drug discovery. Applications to gene analysis are tested with short oligonucleotides of the sequences used for genotyping human hepatitis C viruses. A selective response to complementary oligonucleotides is observed. The high reproducibility in subsequent cycles of hybridization/denaturation (by formamide or by heating) points out potential applications of the technique in medical diagnostics, food industry, genomics, and proteomics too. Y1 - 2005 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/ac048156v SN - 0003-2700 SN - 1520-6882 VL - 77 IS - 8 SP - 2393 EP - 2399 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Katzer, Christian A1 - Babul, Konrad A1 - Klatt, Matthias A1 - Krautz, Hans Joachim T1 - Quantitative und qualitative relationship between swirl burner operating conditions and pulverized coal flame length T2 - Fuel Processing Technology KW - Flame length KW - Flame stability KW - Swirl burner KW - Pulverized coal KW - Image processing Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2016.10.013 SN - 0378-3820 VL - 156 SP - 138 EP - 155 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Samoylov, Anton V. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Hao, Qingli A1 - Swart, Claudia A1 - Shirshov, Yuri M. A1 - Wolfbeis, Otto S. T1 - Nanometer-thick SPR sensor for gaseous HCl T2 - Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical N2 - The optical properties of electrochemically polymerized N-methylaniline are changed in the presence of gaseous hydrogen chloride. This effect was used for preparation of chemical sensors with transduction based on surface plasmon resonance. The interaction of hydrogen chloride with a two nm layer of poly-(N-methylaniline) on gold leads to the shift of the surface plasmon resonance. The analysis of the resonance spectra demonstrates that the effect is caused by an increase of the imaginary component of the refractive index; a minor contribution is also provided by film condensation leading to an increase of the real component of the refractive index and a decrease in the thickness. The effect is selective and quasi-reversible. The concentration dependence of the gas effect obeys Langmuir's adsorption isotherm with a reciprocal value of the binding constant of 850 ± 160 ppm. KW - Gas sensor KW - HCI sensors KW - Surface plasmon resonance KW - Electropolymerization KW - Poly-(N-methyl-aniline) KW - Fire detector Y1 - 2005 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2004.08.029 SN - 0925-4005 VL - 106 IS - 1 SP - 369 EP - 372 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Caprara, Sergio A1 - Grilli, Marco A1 - Raimondi, Roberto T1 - Inhomogeneous Rashba spin–orbit coupling and intrinsic spin-Hall effect T2 - Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials N2 - The spin-Hall effect is the generation of a transverse spin-current induced by a longitudinal electric field. Among the various scattering mechanisms which can induce a finite spin-Hall effect we focus on the intrinsic contribution arising from a Rashba-type spin–orbit (RSO) coupling which for couplings linear in momentum usually vanishes. Here we show that non-homogeneity in the spin–orbit coupling arising from structure inversion asymmetry gives rise to a finite spin-Hall effect which we exemplify for a system with striped Rashba spin–orbit coupling. KW - Spin Hall effect KW - Rashba spin–orbit coupling KW - Inhomogeneity Y1 - 2016 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304885316317772 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2016.12.066 VL - 440 SP - 63 EP - 65 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pototsky, Andrey A1 - Bestehorn, Michael T1 - Faraday instability of a two-layer liquid film with a free upper surface T2 - Physical Review Fluids N2 - We study the linear stability of a laterally extended flat two-layer liquid film under the influence of external vertical vibration. The first liquid layer rests on a vibrating solid plate and is overlaid by a second layer of immiscible fluid with deformable upper surface. Surface waves, excited as the result of the Faraday instability, can be characterized by a time-dependent relative amplitude of the displacements of the liquid-liquid and the liquid-gas interfaces. The in-phase displacements are associated with a zigzag (barotropic) mode and the antiphase displacement corresponds to the varicose thinning mode. We numerically determine the stability threshold in the vibrated two-layer film and compute the dispersion relation together with the decay rates of the surface waves in the absence of vibration. The in-phase and the antiphase displacements are strongly coupled in the vibrated system. The interplay between the Faraday and the Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities in the system with heavier fluid on top of a lighter fluid is analyzed. Y1 - 2016 UR - http://journals.aps.org/prfluids/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.1.023901 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.1.023901 SN - 2469-990X VL - 1 IS - 2 SP - 023901-1 EP - 023901-18 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bestehorn, Michael A1 - Pototsky, Andrey T1 - Faraday instability and nonlinear pattern formation of a two-layer system: A reduced model T2 - Physical Review Fluids N2 - Stability and pattern formation of a two-layer liquid system with large aspect ratio subjected to vertical harmonic oscillations is studied by means of an integrated boundary layer model. The lower layer rests on an oscillating solid substrate, the upper layer is separated by a deformable interface from the lower layer and bounded at the top with a second, free interface to the ambient passive air. The model is derived from the Navier-Stokes equations in long-wave approximation, including inertial terms. Applying a Floquet analysis, linear stability charts and dispersion relations are computed and compared with results from the full linearized Navier-Stokes equations and the long-wave approximation. Nonlinear Faraday patterns simultaneously occurring at the interface and at the film surface are studied by numerically solving the integrated boundary layer model in two and three spatial dimensions. For gravitationally stable two-layer films with a lighter fluid on top of the heavier fluid, we find squares, hexagons, quasiperiodic patterns with eightfold symmetry as well as localized states in the form of large scale depletion regions or finite depth holes, occurring at the interface and surface. For a Rayleigh-Taylor unstable combination (heavier fluid above the light one) we show that external vibration increases the lifetime of the film by delaying or completely suppressing the film rupture. Y1 - 2016 UR - http://journals.aps.org/prfluids/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.1.063905 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.1.063905 SN - 2469-990X VL - 1 IS - 6 SP - 063905-1 EP - 063905-24 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kurniawan, Fredy A1 - Tsakova, Vessela T. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Gold nanoparticles in non-enzymatic electrochemical detection of sugars T2 - Electroanalysis N2 - A nonenzymatic electrochemical sensor for detection of sugars was prepared by layer-by-layer deposition of gold nanoparticles on thin gold electrodes. The deposition was optimized by using of surface plasmon resonance. Voltammetric investigation and impedance spectroscopy of the sensor was performed. Electrical currents caused by glucose on bare gold electrodes and on gold electrodes coated by immobilized gold nanoparticles were compared. The electrodes with nanoparticles display much higher current of glucose oxidation. The oxidation becomes blocked when the swept electrode potential exceeded +0.25 V, during the back scan an oxidation peak is observed again but at less positive potential. The magnitudes of these current peaks are linearly dependent on the glucose concentration; this dependence can be used as calibration for analytical applications. The limit of detection for glucose is below 0.5 mM, the sensitivity (normalized to the macroscopic electrode surface) is about 160 μA cm-2 mM-1. The sensor response is linear till at least 8 mM of glucose concentration. KW - Gold nanoparticles KW - Electrochemical KW - Glucose detection Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/elan.200603607 SN - 1521-4109 VL - 18 IS - 19-20 SP - 1937 EP - 1942 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Neue Technologie angewandter Polymerforschung. Hundert mal schneller zu neuen Sensormaterialien T2 - Aktuelle Wochenschau : HighChem hautnah. Aktuelles aus der analytischen Chemie Y1 - 2005 VL - 48 SP - 98 EP - 99 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ivanov, Svetlozar D. A1 - Tsakova, Vessela T. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Conductometric transducing in electrocatalytical sensors: Detection of ascorbic acid T2 - Electrochemistry Communications N2 - Conductometric transducing is suggested for electrocatalytic chemical sensors based on conductive polymers. Lateral conductivity of the polymer layers was measured by two- and four-point techniques. The approach was applied for electroanalytical detection of ascorbic acid on the electrocatalytically active polyaniline and poly-ortho-methoxyaniline electrodes. Both polymers displayed a monotonous concentration dependence of their conductance in the analytically important sub-millimolar concentration range of ascorbic acid. The approach was tested in model solutions of ascorbic acid in buffer and applied for detection of ascorbic acid in orange juice. KW - Chemical sensor KW - Conductometric sensor KW - Ascorbic acid KW - Electrocatalytical sensor KW - Electroactive polymers KW - Polyaniline KW - Poly-ortho-methoxyaniline Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2006.02.006 SN - 1388-2481 VL - 8 IS - 4 SP - 643 EP - 646 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhi, Zheng-liang A1 - Drazan, Viktor A1 - Wolfbeis, Otto S. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Electrocatalytic activity of DNA on electrodes as an indication of hybridization T2 - Bioelectrochemistry N2 - Electron transfer between metal electrodes and ferro/ferricyanide is completely suppressed at low ionic concentration. We describe here a new phenomenon related to this reaction: an immobilisation of thiolated single-stranded DNA on gold electrodes retains this activity at low ionic strength up to the level corresponding to the high ionic strength. In contrast, a hybridisation of the complementary DNAwith the thiolated single-stranded DNA followed by a binding onto the electrodes, attenuated the electrocatalytic effect. These effects can be used for discrimination between single-stranded DNA and double-stranded DNA and for semi-quantitative measurement of complementary DNA in a sample. KW - DNA KW - DNA-sensor KW - Biosensor KW - Electrocatalysi KW - Hybridisation KW - Oligonucleotide KW - Gene analysis Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioelechem.2005.02.006 SN - 1567-5394 VL - 68 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krondak, Martin A1 - Broncová, Gabriela A1 - Anikin, Sergey A1 - Merz, Andreas A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Chemosensitive properties of poly-4,4'-dialkoxy2,2’-bipyrroles T2 - Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry N2 - Chemosensitive properties of 4,4′-dimethoxy-2,2′-bipyrrole and 4,4′-dibuthoxy-2,2′-bipyrrole were investigated. These new conductive polymers were polymerized by cyclic voltammetry on the platinum and gold interdigitated electrodes designed for 2- and 4-point measurement of lateral conductivity. Thus, obtained polymers demonstrated high sensitivity to HCl in the parts per million concentration range. Kinetics of the gaseous HCl influence on the ratios of conductivities measured by 2- and 4-point techniques was analyzed. Some response of the polymers conductance towards NH3, NO and oxygen was also observed, but with much lower sensitivity than towards HCl. In aqueous solutions, the polymer conductivity was pH dependent; in comparison with 4,4′-dibuthoxy-2,2′-bipyrrole, the conductivity range of the methoxy derivative was shifted to acidic range for about two pH units. A possibility to use the pH dependence for the development of enzymatic biosensors with pH transducing was demonstrated. KW - Conductive polymer KW - Sensor KW - Conductivity KW - HCI KW - Alkoxybipyrroles Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-005-0069-8 SN - 1432-8488 SN - 1433-0768 VL - 10 IS - 3 SP - 185 EP - 191 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wanner, Manfred A1 - Seidl-Lampaa, Barbara A1 - Höhn, Axel A1 - Puppe, Daniel A1 - Meisterfeld, Ralf A1 - Sommer, Michael T1 - Culture growth of testate amoebae under different silicon concentrations T2 - European Journal of Protistology Y1 - 2016 SN - 1618-0429 SN - 0932-4739 VL - 56 SP - 171 EP - 179 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Kulikov, Valentin A1 - Hao, Qingli A1 - Wolfbeis, Otto S. T1 - Multiparameter High Throughput Characterization of Combinatorial Chemical Microarrays of Chemosensitive Polymers T2 - Macromolecular Rapid Communications N2 - High throughput characterization of combinatorial libraries demands a compromise between completeness of the study and reasonable investigation time. This compromise can be found by the development of test protocols consisting of the minimal number of the most informative measurements. Multiparameter high throughput characterization of sensitive materials is described. The parameters include response time, regeneration time, reversibility, reproducibility, sensitivity, linearity. The approach was applied for characterization of conductometric gas-sensitive polymer materials. Chemical microarrays prepared by electrochemical synthesis of polymers on platinum electrodes. Y1 - 2004 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/marc.200300210 SN - 1521-3927 VL - 25 IS - 1 SP - 253 EP - 258 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kulikov, Valentin A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Equipment for combinatorial electrochemical polymerization and high-throughput investigation of electrical properties of the synthesized polymers T2 - Measurement Science and Technology N2 - The first automated system for combinatorial synthesis and high throughput investigation of electrical properties of conductive polymers is described. The equipment provides a polymerization of defined mixtures of monomers into a thin layer on the addressed electrodes of an electrode array followed by measurements of current–voltage characteristics. The electrodes have an interdigital configuration, specially designed for four-point measurements. A programmed addition of gases or liquids provides automated investigation of the influence of different substances on the synthesized polymers. The results of an experimental test of the system are presented. This equipment can be used for synthesis and electrical characterization of conductive polymers and multilayer polymer structures, for development of chemical sensors, organic electronic devices and other thin film functional structures. KW - elect ropolymerization KW - chemical sensors KW - biological sensors KW - organic semiconductors KW - combinatorial approach KW - high-throughput screening Y1 - 2004 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/15/1/007 SN - 1361-6501 SN - 0957-0233 VL - 15 IS - 1 SP - 49 EP - 54 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kulikov, Valentin A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Delaney, Tetyana L. A1 - Donoval, Daniel A1 - Koch, Alexander W. A1 - Wolfbeis, Otto S. T1 - High-throughput analysis of bulk and contact conductance of polymer layers prepared by combinatorial electropolymerization T2 - Measurement Science and Technology N2 - An approach for high-throughput analysis of bulk and contact conductance of polymer layers is described and evaluated. The approach, based on s24-technique (simultaneous two- and four-point conductance measurements), was realized as a high-throughput method and applied for investigation of conductive polymers on an array of interdigital platinum electrodes. Several examples demonstrate distinctive influence of combinatorially varied conditions of polymer synthesis (polymerization charge, content of copolymers) as well as chemical treatment of the synthesized polymers in bulk and contact resistance of metal/polymer/metal systems. The developed high-throughput s24-technique can be widely applied to material research for investigation of bulk and contact electrical properties. Y1 - 2005 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/16/1/013 SN - 1361-6501 SN - 0957-0233 VL - 16 IS - 1 SP - 95 EP - 99 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Svensson, Erik A1 - Li, Changle A1 - Shamun, Sam A1 - Johansson, Bengt A1 - Tuner, Martin A1 - Perlman, Cathleen A1 - Lehtiniemi, Harry A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - Potential Levels of Soot, NOx , HC and CO for Methanol Combustion T2 - SAE Technical Papers N2 - Methanol is today considered a viable green fuel for combustion engines because of its low soot emissions and the possibility of it being produced in a CO2-neutral manner. Methanol as a fuel for combustion engines have attracted interest throughout history and much research was conducted during the oil crisis in the seventies. In the beginning of the eighties the oil prices began to decrease and interest in methanol declined. This paper presents the emission potential of methanol. T-Φ maps were constructed using a 0-D reactor with constant pressure, temperature and equivalence ratio to show the emission characteristics of methanol. These maps were compared with equivalent maps for diesel fuel. The maps were then complemented with engine simulations using a stochastic reactor model (SRM), which predicts end-gas emissions. The SRM was validated using experimental results from a truck engine running in Partially Premixed Combustion (PPC) mode at medium loads. The SRM was able to predict the combustion in terms of pressure trace and rate of heat release. The CO and NOx emissions were matched, however, the HC emissions were underestimated. Finally, the trajectories from the SRM simulations were superimposed on the T-Φ maps to investigate the in engine conditions. The T-Φ map analysis shows that emission of soot are non-existent, formaldehyde can be avoided and that emissions of methane are kept at, compared to diesel combustion, low levels, however CO and NOx levels are similar to diesel combustion. These results were confirmed for engine conditions by the SRM simulations and the engine experiments. KW - Potential Levels of Soot KW - Methanol Combustion Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4271/2016-01-0887 SN - 0148-7191 SN - 0096-5170 IS - 2016-01-0887 SP - 17 Seiten ER - TY - GEN A1 - Franken, Tim A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - Development of Methodology for Predictive Diesel Combustion Simulation Using 0D Stochastic Reactor Model T2 - SAE Technical Papers N2 - Stringent exhaust emission limits and new vehicle test cycles require sophisticated operating strategies for future diesel engines. Therefore, a methodology for predictive combustion simulation, focused on multiple injection operating points is proposed in this paper. The model is designated for engine performance map simulations, to improve prediction of NOx, CO and HC emissions.The combustion process is calculated using a zero dimensional direct injection stochastic reactor model based on a probability density function approach. Further, the formation of exhaust emissions is described using a detailed reaction mechanism for n-heptane, which involves 56 Species and 206 reactions. The model includes the interaction between turbulence and chemistry effects by using a variable mixing time profile. Thus, one is able to capture the effects of mixture inhomogeneities on NOx, CO and HC emission formation.The mixing time model is parameterized using transfer functions for engine operating parameters, e.g., injection mass, injection duration, air fuel ratio, start of injection and speed. These functions are calibrated for nine operating points using multi objective simulated annealing optimization combined with fast running metamodels that speed up the optimization process. The calibrated transfer functions are validated for nine additional operating points. The results for the calibration and validation points show a good match of the combustion heat release rate. Especially the main injection heat release rate is well predicted by the model. The NOx and CO emissions reflect the experimental trends and are in close range to the measurements. Finally, the model is tested for triple injection operating points. The results match the measurements, which show the applicability of the stochastic reactor model in conjunction with the mixing time transfer functions for engine performance map simulations. KW - Mathematical analysis KW - Diesel / Compression Ignition engines Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4271/2016-01-0566 SN - 0148-7191 SN - 0096-5170 IS - 2016-01-0566 SP - 14 Seiten ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lehtiniemi, Harry A1 - Borg, Anders A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - Combustion Modeling of Diesel Sprays T2 - SAE Technical Papers N2 - Several models for ignition, combustion and emission formation under diesel engine conditions for multi-dimensional computational fluid dynamics have been proposed in the past. It has been recognized that the use of a reasonably detailed chemistry model improves the combustion and emission prediction especially under low temperature and high exhaust gas recirculation conditions.The coupling of the combustion chemistry and the turbulent flow can be achieved with different assumptions. In this paper we investigate a selection of n-heptane spray experiments published by the Engine Combustion Network (ECN spray H) with three different combustion models: well-stirred reactor model, transient interactive flamelet model and progress variable based conditional moment closure. All models cater for the use of detailed chemistry, while the turbulence-chemistry interaction modeling and the ability to consider local effects differ.The same chemical mechanism is used by all combustion models, which allows a comparison of ignition delay, flame stabilization and flame lift-off length between the experiments and the results from simulations using the different combustion models. The investigated parameters influence the predictions of computational fluid dynamics simulations of diesel engines. This study indicates that the most reasonable behavior with respect to ignition, flame stabilization and flame structure is predicted by the progress variable based conditional moment closure model. KW - Modeling of Diesel Sprays Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4271/2016-01-0592 SN - 0148-7191 SN - 0096-5170 IS - 2016-01-0592 SP - 1 EP - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Welk, Martin A1 - Kleefeld, Andreas A1 - Breuß, Michael T1 - Quantile Filtering of Colour Images via Symmetric Matrices T2 - Mathematical Morphology - Theory and Applications N2 - Quantile filters, or rank-order filters, are local image filters which assign quantiles of intensities of the input image within neighbourhoods as output image values. Combining a multivariate quantile definition developed in matrix-valued morphology with a recently introduced mapping between the RGB colour space and the space of symmetric 2 × 2 matrices, we state a class of colour image quantile filters, along with a class of morphological gradient filters derived from these.We consider variants of these filters based on three matrix norms – the nuclear, Frobenius, and spectral norm – and study their differences. We investigate the properties of the quantile and gradient filters and their links to dilation and erosion operators. Using amoeba structuring elements,we devise image-adaptive versions of our quantile and gradient filters. Experiments are presented to demonstrate the favourable properties of the filters, and compare them to existing approaches in colour morphology. KW - quantile KW - rank-order filter KW - colour image KW - matrix field KW - amoebas Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/mathm-2016-0008 SN - 2353-3390 VL - 1 IS - 1 SP - 136 EP - 174 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Menezes, Prashanth W. A1 - Indra, Arindam A1 - Das, Chittaranjan A1 - Walter, Carsten A1 - Göbel, Caren A1 - Gutkin, Vitaly A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Driess, Matthias T1 - Uncovering the Nature of Active Species of Nickel Phosphide Catalysts in High-Performance Electrochemical Overall Water Splitting T2 - ACS Catalysis N2 - A systematic structural elucidation of the near-surface active species of the two remarkably active nickel phosphides Ni12P5 and Ni2P on the basis of extensive analytical, microscopic, and spectroscopic investigations is reported. The latter can serve as complementary efficient electrocatalysts in the hydrogen (HER) versus oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline media. In the OER Ni12P5 shows enhanced performance over Ni2P due to the higher concentration of nickel in this phase, which enables the formation of an amorphous NiOOH/Ni(OH)2 shell on a modified multiphase with a disordered phosphide/phosphite core. The situation is completely reversed in the HER, where Ni2P displayed a significant improvement in electrocatalytic activity over Ni12P5 owing to a larger concentration of phosphide/phosphate species in the shell. Moreover, the efficiently combined use of the two nickel phosphide phases deposited on nickel foam in overall electrocatalytic water splitting is demonstrated by a strikingly low cell voltage and high stability with pronounced current density, and these catalysts could be an apt choice for applications in commercial alkaline water electrolysis. KW - overall water splitting KW - electrocatalysis KW - nickel phosphide KW - structural rearrangement KW - surface structure Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.6b02666 SN - 2155-5435 VL - 7 IS - 1 SP - 103 EP - 109 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Friesen, Hans T1 - Von der "Ich-Wir-Balance" zur "globalen Wir-Identität". Zur kulturellen Typologie im Verhältnis von Individuum und Gemeinschaft T2 - Aufklärung und Kritik Y1 - 2016 SN - 0945-6627 VL - 23 IS - 3 SP - 24 EP - 33 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ando, Masanori A1 - Swart, Claudia A1 - Pringsheim, Erika A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Wolfbeis, Otto S. T1 - Optical ozone sensing properties of poly(2-chloroaniline), poly(N-methylaniline) and polyaniline films T2 - Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical N2 - The ozone-sensitive visible/near-IR absorbance changes of poly(2-chloroaniline) (P(2ClANI)), poly(N-methylaniline) (P(NMeANI)) and polyaniline (PANI) films were investigated. These three polymer films, which were assumed to be present partially in a protonated form and partially in a reduced form, were prepared by chemical oxidation of the monomers followed by treatment with the reducing agent disodium disulfite. The P(2ClANI) film was sensitive to ozone at concentrations of down to 2.5 ppm, but saturation of sensitivity started to appear above 50 ppm. By contrast, the PANI and P(NMeANI) films were sensitive to ozone in a concentration range of 50–100 ppm without showing saturation of sensitivity. KW - Optical ozone sensing KW - Poly(2-chloroaniline) film KW - Poly(N-methylaniline) film KW - Polyaniline film KW - Visible/near-IR absorbance change Y1 - 2005 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2004.12.083 SN - 0925-4005 VL - 108 IS - 1-2 SP - 528 EP - 534 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ando, Masanori A1 - Swart, Claudia A1 - Pringsheim, Erika A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Wolfbeis, Otto S. T1 - Ozone sensing properties of polyaniline derivatives T2 - Chemical Sensors (Suppl. B) Y1 - 2004 VL - 20 SP - 534 EP - 535 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hao, Qingli A1 - Kulikov, Valentin A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Investigation of contact and bulk resistance of conductive polymers by simultaneous two- and four-point technique T2 - Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical N2 - A conventional resistance measured by two-point technique includes bulk and contact components. The contact resistance can be excluded by a four-point technique. A simultaneous use of the two- and four-point techniques allows to separate the total resistance between two electrodes for the contact and bulk parts. This approach has been used to analyze electrical coupling between metal electrodes of interdigitated structures and chemically sensitive coating formed by polyaniline (PANI). The polymer layers were deposited by electropolymerization on bare gold and platinum electrodes as well as on gold electrodes precoated by a self-assembled monolayer of 4-aminothiophenol. An exposure of the PANI films formed on interdigitated structures to gaseous HCl displays proportional changes of resistance measured by the two- and four- point techniques for platinum electrodes and for the precoated gold electrode, while a strong deviation from this proportionality was observed for the gold electrodes without precoating. The results demonstrate a high contribution of the contact resistance between PANI and bare gold electrodes into the resistance measured by the two-point technique. This contribution is small and therefore not measurable for bare platinum electrodes or for gold electrodes coated by 4-aminothiophenol. KW - Chemoresistor KW - Conductometric chemosensor KW - Electropolymerization KW - Four-point technique KW - Gas sensor Y1 - 2003 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-4005(03)00456-8 SN - 0925-4005 VL - 94 IS - 3 SP - 352 EP - 357 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hao, Qingli A1 - Rahm, Michael A1 - Weiss, Dieter A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Morphology of electropolymerized poly (N-methylaniline) films T2 - Microchimica Acta N2 - The influence of polymerization conditionson the morphology of thin films of poly-(N-methylani-line) (PNMA) was studied. The films were prepared byelectropolymerization on gold and platinum electrodesand studied by optical and electron microscopy. It wasdemonstrated that the film morphology does notdepend on the polymerization rate or on the electrodemetal.However,itissensitivetothekindofcounterionofPNMA.Thepolymerscontainingacetate orchloridedo not form stable films. Polymer films containingphosphate or sulfate display inhomogeneous struc-tures. A formation of sprouts and ‘‘nanotubes’’ wasobserved for PNMA sulfate. The films formed byPNMA perchlorate are smooth and transparent(glass-likestructure).Asublayerof4-aminothiophenolincreases the adhesion of polymers to the gold surface. KW - Poly-(N-methylaniline) KW - polyaniline derivatives KW - electropolymerization KW - film morphology Y1 - 2003 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-003-0063-8 SN - 0026-3672 SN - 1436-5073 VL - 143 IS - 2 SP - 147 EP - 153 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shardin, Anton A1 - Szölgyenyi, Michaela T1 - Optimal Control of an Energy Storage Facility Under a Changing Economic Environment and Partial Information T2 - International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance N2 - In this paper, we consider an energy storage optimization problem in finite time in a model with partial information that allows for a changing economic environment. The state process consists of the storage level controlled by the storage manager and the energy price process, which is a diffusion process the drift of which is assumed to be unobservable. We apply filtering theory to find an alternative state process which is adapted to our observation filtration. For this alternative state process, we derive the associated Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equation and solve the optimization problem numerically. This results in a candidate for the optimal policy for which it is a priori not clear whether the controlled state process exists. Hence, we prove an existence and uniqueness result for a class of time-inhomogeneous stochastic differential equations with discontinuous drift and singular diffusion coefficient. Finally, we apply our result to prove admissibility of the candidate optimal control. KW - Energy storage optimization KW - hidden Markov model KW - stochastic differential equation KW - discontinuous drift KW - degenerate diffusion Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219024916500266 SN - 0219-0249 SN - 1793-6322 VL - 19 IS - 4 SP - 1650026 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wrobel, Nadia A1 - Deininger, Werner A1 - Hegemann, Peter A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Covalent immobilization of oligonucleotides on electrodes T2 - Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces N2 - 32P-labeled DNA oligomers were immobilized onto self-assembled monolayers formed by carboxy-modified alkylthiols on gold electrodes. The optimal conditions were evaluated by comparing of surface density of oligonucleotides measured for different immobilization conditions before and after desorption of physically adsorbed nucleotides. The results demonstrate that the physical adsorption depends strongly on immobilization conditions being typically 10 times higher than the chemical immobilization. Under optimal immobilization conditions, the surface density of oligonucleotides was more than 20% of the value calculated for a densely packed monolayer. KW - DNA KW - DNA immobilization KW - DNA sensor KW - Biosensor KW - Hybridization Y1 - 2003 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0927-7765(03)00155-3 SN - 0927-7765 VL - 32 IS - 2 SP - 157 EP - 162 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Prodramidis, Mamas I. A1 - Hirsch, Thomas A1 - Wolfbeis, Otto S. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Enantioselective chemosensors based on spreader-bar structures T2 - Electroanalysis N2 - Chiroselective binding sites have been created on thin gold films by application of the spreader-bar approach. Impedometric techniques and surface plasmon resonance were applied to detect binding. (R)-(+)-1,1 '-Binaphthyl-2,2 '-diol (R-BNOH) and (S)-(-)-1,1 '-binaphthyl-2,2'-diol (S-BNOH) were used as model analytes. The artificial receptors were prepared by co-adsorption of 16-mercaptohexadecane (matrix) with a thiol-modified chiral selector (template). The conjugates of d, l-thioctic acid and (R)-(+)- or (S)-(-)-1,1'-binaphthyl-2,2'-diamine were used as templates. Different concentration ratios of the matrix and template were tested. No chiral selectivity of surfaces formed by either the matrix or the template alone was observed. The use of alkylthiols shorter than 16-mercaptohexadecane led to the formation of surfaces with no chiral selectivity. The gold electrodes coated by the spreader-bar technique displayed an enantioselectivity of up to 4.76 or up to 2.55 as measured by the capacitive and SPR methods, espectively. KW - Enantioselective artificial receptors KW - Spreader-bar technique KW - Capacitive chemosensor KW - Surface plasmon resonance Y1 - 2003 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/elan.200302756 SN - 1521-4109 VL - 15 IS - 22 SP - 1795 EP - 1798 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Thommes, Kirsten T1 - Entrepreneurial activity - The impact of childhood T2 - Annual meeting proceedings, Academy of Management Y1 - 2016 UR - http://proceedings.aom.org/content/2016/1/13740 IS - 1 SP - 13740 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Thommes, Kirsten A1 - Oertel, Simon T1 - Elements of Organizational Identity and the Role of a Firm’s History T2 - Annual meeting proceedings, Academy of Management Y1 - 2016 UR - http://proceedings.aom.org/content/2016/1/13754 IS - 1 SP - 13754 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meyer, Antoine A1 - Jongmanns, Marcel A1 - Meier, Martin A1 - Egbers, Christoph A1 - Mutabazi, Innocent T1 - Thermal convection in a cylindrical annulus under a combined effect of the radial and vertical gravity T2 - Comptes Rendus Mécanique Y1 - 2016 SN - 1631-0721 VL - 345 IS - 1 SP - 11 EP - 20 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Futterer, Birgit A1 - Dahley, Norman A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Thermal electro-hydrodynamic heat transfer augmentation in vertical annuli by the use of dielectrophoretic forces through a.c. electric field T2 - International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer Y1 - 2016 SN - 0017-9310 VL - 93 SP - 144 EP - 154 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Delourme, Bérangère A1 - Schmidt, Kersten A1 - Semin, Adrien T1 - On the homogenization of thin perforated walls of finite length T2 - Asymptotic Analysis N2 - The present work deals with the resolution of the Poisson equation in a bounded domain made of a thin and periodic layer of finite length placed into a homogeneous medium. We provide and justify a high order asymptotic expansion which takes into account the boundary layer effect occurring in the vicinity of the periodic layer as well as the corner singularities appearing in the neighborhood of the extremities of the layer. Our approach combines the method of matched asymptotic expansions and the method of periodic surface homogenization. KW - asymptotic analysis KW - periodic surface homogenization KW - singular asymptotic expansions Y1 - 2016 UR - http://content.iospress.com/articles/asymptotic-analysis/asy1350 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/ASY-151350 SN - 0921-7134 SN - 1875-8576 VL - 97 IS - 3-4 SP - 211 EP - 264 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Kersten A1 - Semin, Adrien T1 - Absorbing boundary conditions for the viscous acoustic wave equation T2 - Mathemtatical Methods in the Applied Sciences N2 - We consider different acoustic models with viscosity in a semi-infinite waveguide with rigid walls, for which we propose and analyse absorbing boundary conditions on a truncated subdomain. The considered models are (i) the viscous acoustic equations in a stagnant mean flow, which exhibit for small viscosities boundary layers on the infinite walls, (ii) the limit equations for vanishing viscosity and (iii) a first-order approximation for low viscosity. The limit model (i) is well known as the Helmholtz equation for the pressure with homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions. For each of these models, the absorbing conditions appear as Dirichlet-to-Neumann (DtN) maps. The DtN boundary conditions for the singularly perturbed model (i) and the approximative model (iii) tend to the DtN boundary conditions of the limit problem (ii) if the viscosity approaches zero, and, hence, provide a uniform accuracy in the viscosity. The convergence of truncated DtN boundary conditions and the behaviour for viscosities tending to zero are shown in numerical experiments. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/mma.3755 SN - 1099-1476 VL - 39 IS - 17 SP - 5043 EP - 5065 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rentrop, Sebastian A1 - Winkelmann, Ralf T1 - Metallschutzgas-Löten beschichteter Stahl-Feinbleche mit Al-Basis-Zusatzwerkstoffen T1 - Shielded Metal Gas Soldering of Thin Coated Steel Sheet Using an Aluminium-Based Additive T2 - WOMag: Kompetenz in Werkstoff und funktioneller Oberfläche N2 - Auf Grundlage chemisch-metallurgischer Untersuchungen sowie technologischer Entwicklungen wurde ein Aluminium-Basis-Schweißzusatzwerkstoff mit dem Ziel entwickelt, ihn für die Herstellung von Stahl-Stahl-Verbindungen zu nutzen. Gegenüber der Anwendung konventioneller Kupfer-Basis-Lote ergeben sich deutlich geringere Fügetemperaturen und damit Vorteile hinsichtlich der Bauteilgeometrie und dem Verzug. Hinzu kommt eine deutlich geringere Masse in der Fügezone, womit die Ambitionen nach Leichtbau unterstützt werden. Die in der Fügezone zu erwartenden spröden Phasen, infolge der Kontaktierung des flüssigen Aluminium-Zusatzwerkstoffs mit dem Stahlteil, sind durch die Anwendung geregelter Kurzlichtbogenprozesse in einer Kombination mit der Wechselstromtechnologie zu begrenzen. Die Lötparameter sind für die üblichen Blechdicken bis 1,5 mm und die üblichen Beschichtungsvarianten ermittelt. Es werden Ergebnisse zur Spaltüberbrückbarkeit vorgestellt. Die Lötgeschwindigkeiten sind abhängig von den gewünschten Verbindungseigenschaften und liegen im Bereich von 0,30 m/min bis 0,9 m/min. Eine teilmechanisierte Verbindungsherstellung ist zu empfehlen. Die Untersuchungen zur Anwendung des entwickelten Zusatzwerkstoffs sind komplettiert durch die Herstellung von Aluminium-Aluminium-Verbindungen sowie von Mischverbindungen Aluminium-Stahl. Die Beurteilung der neuentwickelten Legierung für die Herstellung von Aluminium-Aluminium-Schweißverbindungen erfolgt vergleichend zu konventionell am Markt erhältlichen Qualitäten, wie dem AlSi5(A) und dem AlMg4,5Mn(A). Als Beurteilungskriterien fungieren neben der Prozessstabilität auch die einstellbaren mechanischen Verbindungseigenschaften. Besondere Aufmerksamkeit kommt der schlagartigen Belastung von Verbindungen zu. Unter Anwendung von geeigneten technologischen Parametern eignet sich die Aluminium-Basis-Legierung für die Herstellung von Mischverbindungen Aluminium-Stahl, wobei Scherzugfestigkeiten bis etwa 200 MPa gemessen werden. N2 - Following extensive chemical and metallurgical studies and subsequent technical development, a new aluminium-based welding material has been launched aimed at improved steel-to-steel joining procedures. In contrast to the conventionally used copper-based solder, the new material permits significantly lower joining temperatures and thus further advantages in terms of component geometry and overall procedure. In addition, the new method reduces weight in the joining zone, thus making a further contribution to weight-reduction of overall structures. Formation of brittle phases in the joining area resulting from contact between the molten aluminium addition agent and the steel component can be minimised by use of a controlled short electric arc in combination with AC technology. Soldering parameters are presented for typical steel sheet thicknesses of 1.5 mm and typical coating conditions. Some results are shown for bridging of cracks. Soldering rates depend on the desired joint properties but are in the range of 0.30 to 0.9 mm/min. A partly-mechanised joining procedure is recommended. Studies on the use of this additive material enable creation of aluminium-aluminium joints as well as those involving mixed metals such as aluminium-steel. Evaluation of this newly developed alloy for creating aluminium-aluminium welded joints affords properties comparable to products commercially available such as AlSi5 (A) and AlMg4.5Mn (A). Assessment criteria apart from ease of processing, include the range of available mechanical joint properties. Noteworthy in particular is the resistance of such joints to impact. Using the appropriate technological parameters, aluminium-based alloys can be used for mixed metal (aluminium-steel) joints for which shear strengths of up to 200MPa have been recorded. KW - Metallschutzgas-Löten KW - Aluminium-Basis-Schweißzusatzwerkstoff KW - Mischverbindungen Y1 - 2016 UR - http://www.wotech-technical-media.de/womag/ausgabe/2016/05/04_rentrop_loeten_05j2016/04_rentrop_loeten_05j2016.php SN - 2195-5905 SN - 2195-5891 VL - 5 IS - 5 SP - 4 EP - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fliss, Sonia A1 - Klindworth, Dirk A1 - Schmidt, Kersten T1 - Robin-to-Robin transparent boundary conditions for the computation of guided modes in photonic crystal wave-guides T2 - BIT Numerical Mathematics N2 - The efficient and reliable computation of guided modes in photonic crystal wave-guides is of great importance for designing optical devices. Transparent boundary conditions based on Dirichlet-to-Neumann operators allow for an exact computation of well-confined modes and modes close to the band edge in the sense that no modelling error is introduced. The well-known super-cell method, on the other hand, introduces a modelling error which may become prohibitively large for guided modes that are not well-confined. The Dirichlet-to-Neumann transparent boundary conditions are, however, not applicable for all frequencies as they are not uniquely defined and their computation is unstable for a countable set of frequencies that correspond to so called Dirichlet eigenvalues. In this work we describe how to overcome this theoretical difficulty introducing Robin-to-Robin transparent boundary conditions whose construction do not exhibit those forbidden frequencies. They seem, hence, well suited for an exact and reliable computation of guided modes in photonic crystal wave-guides. KW - Robin-to-Robin map KW - Photonic crystal wave-guide KW - Surface modes KW - High-order FEM KW - Non-linear eigenvalue problem Y1 - 2015 UR - http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10543-014-0521-1/fulltext.html?view=classic U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10543-014-0521-1 SN - 0006-3835 SN - 1572-9125 VL - 55 IS - 1 SP - 81 EP - 115 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bryant, Isaac Mbir A1 - Martienssen, Marion A1 - Burkhardt, Marko T1 - Millennium development goal on sustainable sanitation in Ghana: A reality or a mirage? T2 - African Journal of science and research Y1 - 2016 SN - 2306-5877 VL - 5 IS - 3 SP - 01 EP - 06 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Panasyuk-Delaney, Tanya A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Wolfbeis, Otto S. T1 - Capacitive sensors based on photografted molecularly imprinted polymers T2 - Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering N2 - The reversible chemosensors to creatinine and desmetryn based on artificial chemoreceptors are described. A grafted photopolymerization combined with a technique of molecular imprinting was used for the receptor layer preparation. After polymer deposition and intensive washing from templates, the electrodes were investigated by impedance spectrometry. Creatinine and desmetryn binding were detected as a decrease in the electrode capacitance. Sensor response to creatining was highly selective. No response to the addition of sodium chloride, creatine, urea or glucose were observed. The electrodes coated with the molecularly imprinted polymers selective to desmetryn displayed specific binding of this herbicide: only small capacitive effects were observed to addition of terbumeton or atrazine, while metribuzine displayed capacitance decrease similar to desmetryn. KW - capacitive sensor KW - creatinine KW - atrazine KW - chemical sensor KW - photografted polymerization Y1 - 2001 SN - 0208-5216 VL - 21 IS - 3 SP - 43 EP - 54 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Panasyuk-Delaney, Tanya A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Ulbricht, Mathias A1 - Wolfbeis, Otto S. T1 - Impedometric herbicide chemosensors based on molecularly imprinted polymers T2 - Analytica Chimica Acta N2 - The technique of grafting polymerization has been used for preparation of thin films of molecularly imprinting polymers on the surface of polypropylene membranes and on hydrophobized gold electrodes. The herbicide desmetryn was used as a template. The solid supports used were hydrophobic, while the polymer was hydrophilic. The adsorbed layer of benzophenone, irradiated by UV-light, initiated a radical polymerization near the surface. Polymer films were characterized by weighing, contact angle measurements and impedance spectroscopy. The electrodes coated with the molecularly imprinted polymers displayed fairly specific binding of desmetryn, as detected by the decrease in the capacitance of the electrode. Only small capacitive effects were observed on addition of terbumeton or atrazine, while metribuzine displayed capacitance decrease similar to desmetryn. KW - Molecular imprinting KW - Capacitive sensor KW - Chemical sensor KW - Grafting polymerization KW - Photopolymerization Y1 - 2001 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(00)01280-0 SN - 0003-2670 VL - 435 IS - 1 SP - 157 EP - 162 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vasjari, Majlinda A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Calibrated nanoinjections of mercury vapor T2 - Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry N2 - A simple technique for the calibration of mercury vapor chemosensors is described. It is based on a reductive deposition of a well-defined quantity of mercury (0) onto gold wire followed by thermal evaporation of the mercury into the sensor cell. The quantity of mercury on the gold wire was measured electrochemically by oxidation before and after heating, as well as after storage under different conditions. It is shown that the technique can be used for calibrated injections of nanogram quantities of mercury. The approach was applied to test the performance of ultrasensitive mercury chemoresistors. Y1 - 2000 SN - 1618-2642 SN - 1618-2650 VL - 368 IS - 7 SP - 727 EP - 729 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Wrobel, Nadia A1 - Riepl, Michael A1 - Hirsch, Thomas A1 - Wolfbeis, Otto S. T1 - Intelligente Nanostrukturen für Biosensoren und Sensor-Arrays T2 - BioTec: Zeitschrift für Biotechnologie Y1 - 1999 SN - 0937-2725 VL - 10 SP - 28 EP - 32 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Panasyuk-Delaney, Tanya A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Piletsky, Sergey A. A1 - Wolfbeis, Otto S. T1 - Electropolymerized molecularly imprinted polymers as receptor layers in capacitive chemical sensors T2 - Analytical Chemistry N2 - The first application of molecularly imprinted polymers to chemical sensors with capacitive detection is described. The sensitive layer was prepared by electropolymerization of phenol on gold electrodes in the presence of the template (phenylalanine). The insulating properties of the polymer layer were studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Electrical leakages through the polymer layer were suppressed by deposition of a self-assembled monolayer of mercaptophenol before polymerization and of alkanethiol after polymerization. At the final stage of sensor preparation, the template was removed. The multilayer system obtained displayed a decrease in electrical capacitance on addition of phenylalanine. Only a low response was observed toward other amino acids and phenol. Y1 - 1999 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/ac9903196 SN - 0003-2700 SN - 1520-6882 VL - 71 IS - 20 SP - 4609 EP - 4613 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Winkelmann, Ralf A1 - Kilian, Andrè A1 - Serafinski, Daniel T1 - Flüssigkeitsstrahllöten - ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Verbindungen an extrem dünnen Bauteilen T1 - Wspomagane laserowo spajanie strumieniem ciekłego lutu – technologia łączenia ekstremalnie cienkich elementów T2 - Przegląd Spawalnictwa N2 - Das Automobil der Zukunft muss die wachsenden gesellschaftlichen Erwartungen im Hinblick auf Energieeffizienz, Kraftstoffverbrauch, Klimaschutz, Sicherheit, Komfort und Nachhaltigkeit erfüllen. Dem Leichtbau kommt dabei eine besondere Rolle zu. Neuere Entwicklungen gestatten es, dem Endanwender – der Mobilität produzierenden Industrie – bereits mit vorgefertigten Leichtbauverbundwerkstoffen, den Stahl-Kunststoff-Stahl-Verbundwerkstoffen, zu arbeiten. Diese neuen Stahl-Kunststoff-Stahl-Verbundwerkstoffe intelligent zu nutzen, erfordert geeignete Fügetechnologien. Das tragfähige Verbinden von Stahl-Kunststoff-Stahl-Verbundwerkstoffen unter Beibehaltung des Multimaterialkonzeptes wird zum zentralen Baustein der Realisierung von Leichtbau. Ziel des Beitrages ist es, eine neuartige, effiziente Fügetechnologie zur Herstellung von Karosseriekomponenten mit Stahl-Kunststoff-Stahl-Verbundwerkstoffen und konventionellen Stählen durch den Einsatz thermischer Energie in Form eines metallischen Flüssigkeitsstrahles vorzustellen. N2 - Motoryzacja przyszłości musi sprostać rosnącym społecznym oczekiwaniom związanym z efektywnym wykorzystaniem energii, zużyciem paliwa, ochroną środowiska, bezpieczeństwem, komfortem i trwałością. Lekkie konstrukcje pojazdów odgrywają przy tym szczególną rolę. Najnowsze rozwiązania technologiczne pozwalają użytkownikowi – w tym wypadku branży motoryzacyjnej – pracować z odpowiednio przygotowanymi lekkimi kompozytami na bazie stali i tworzywa sztucznego. Inteligentne zastosowanie tych kompozytów typu sandwich wymaga odpowiedniej technologii łączenia. Uzyskanie połączeń kompozytów, które spełniają warunki nośności, przy uwzględnieniu wielomateriałowej struktury pojazdu będzie głównym aspektem realizacji lekkich konstrukcji w motoryzacji. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie nowej, efektywnej technologii wykonywania połączeń elementów karoserii z blach kompozytowych i konwencjonalnych z wykorzystaniem energii cieplnej strumienia ciekłego metalu i aktywacji laserowej. KW - cementing KW - soldering KW - steel-plastic-steel KW - composite material KW - laser activation KW - spajanie KW - lutowanie KW - materiał kompozytowy KW - stal - tworzywo sztuczne - stal KW - aktywacja laserowa KW - Flüssigkeitsstrahllöten KW - Stahl-Kunststoff-StahlVerbundwerkstoffe KW - Laseraktivierung Y1 - 2016 UR - www.pspaw.pl/index.php/pspaw/article/download/649/656 SN - 0033-2364 VL - 88 IS - 9 SP - 9 EP - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Naveed, Muhammad A1 - Volinsky, Alex A. A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Substrate Frequency Effects on CrxN Coatings Deposited by DC Magnetron Sputtering T2 - Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance N2 - Controlled ion bombardment is a popular method to fabricate desirable coating structures and modify their properties. Substrate biasing at high frequencies is a possible technique, which allows higher ion density at the substrate compared with DC current bias. Moreover, high ion energy along with controlled adatom mobility would lead to improved coating growth. This paper focuses on a similar type of study, where effects of coating growth and properties of DC magnetron-sputtered chromium nitride (CrxN) coatings at various substrate bias frequencies are discussed. CrxN coatings were deposited by pulsed DC magnetron sputtering on Inconel 718 and (100) silicon substrates at 110, 160 and 280 kHz frequency at low duty cycle. Coating microstructure and morphology were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), scratch adhesion testing and nanoindentation. Results indicate a transformation of columnar into glassy structure of CrxN coatings with the substrate bias frequency increase. This transformation is attributed to preferential formation of the Cr2N phase at high frequencies compared with CrN at low frequencies. Increase in frequency leads to an increase in deposition rate, which is believed to be due to increase in plasma ion density and energy of the incident adatoms. An increase in coating hardness along with decrease in elastic modulus was observed at high frequencies. Scratch tests show a slight increase in coating adhesion, whereas no clear increase in coating roughness can be found with the substrate bias frequency. KW - adhesion of coatings KW - CrN coatings KW - frequency KW - mechanical properties KW - microstructure KW - PVD KW - X-ray diffraction Y1 - 2016 UR - http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11665-016-2426-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-016-2426-4 SN - 1544-1024 VL - 26 IS - 1 SP - 366 EP - 373 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Siepa, Sarah A1 - Danko, Stephan A1 - Tsankov, Tsanko V. A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas A1 - Czarnetzki, Uwe T1 - On the OES Line-Ratio Technique in Argon and Argon Containing Plasmas T2 - Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/47/44/445201 SN - 1361-6463 VL - 47 IS - 44 SP - 445201 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hirsch, Thomas A1 - Kettenberger, Hubert A1 - Wolfbeis, Otto S. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - A simple strategy for preparation of sensor arrays: Nanostructured monolayers as recognition elements T2 - Chemical Communications N2 - The spreader-bar approach is a simple method for producing a huge variety of receptors with different selectivities. A sensor-array consisting of five such receptors is presented. A pattern recognition provides selective detection of different purines and pyrimidines. Y1 - 2003 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/b210554c SN - 1359-7345 SN - 1364-548X IS - 3 SP - 432 EP - 433 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zynio, Stepan A. A1 - Samoylov, Anton V. A1 - Surovtseva, Elena R. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Shirshov, Yuri M. T1 - Bimetallic layers increase sensitivity of affinity sensors based on surface plasmon resonance T2 - Sensors N2 - Two metals are used in resonant layers for chemical sensors based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) - gold and silver. Gold displays higher shift of the resonance angle to changes of ambient refraction index and is chemically stable. Silver posses narrower resonance curve thus providing a higher signal/noise ratio of SPR chemical sensors, but has a poor chemical stability. A new structure of resonant metallic film based on bimetallic silver/gold layers (gold as an outer layer) is suggested. It combines advantages of both gold and silver resonant layers. Bimetallic resonant films display so high shift of resonance angle on changes of ambient refraction index as gold films, but show narrower resonance curve, thus providing a higher signal / noise ratio. Additionally, the outer gold layer protects silver against oxidation. KW - Surface plasmon resonance KW - Biosensor KW - Sensitivity KW - Signal / noise ratio Y1 - 2002 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/s20200062 SN - 1424-8220 VL - 2 IS - 2 SP - 62 EP - 70 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Hirsch, Thomas A1 - Panasyuk, Tatiana L. A1 - Piletsky, Sergey A. A1 - Wolfbeis, Otto S. T1 - Two- and three-dimensional artificial chemoreceptors: molecular spreader-bar vs. molecular imprinting T2 - Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing Y1 - 1999 SN - 0140-0118 SN - 1741-0444 VL - 37 IS - suppl.2 SP - 344 EP - 345 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Hirsch, Thomas A1 - Piletsky, Sergey A. A1 - Wolfbeis, Otto S. T1 - A spreader-bar approach to molecular architecture: formation of stable artificial chemoreceptors T2 - Angewandte Chemie International Edition N2 - The destructive influence of lateral diffusion on nanostructured monolayers can be prevented by using the spreader-bar technique. This approach allows the formation of stable artificial receptors for barbituric acid by lateral structuring of a dodecanethiol monolayer with molecular spreader-bars from thiobarbituric acid without chemical polymerization (see schematic representation). The new technique may have applications in chemosensors, affinity chromatography, stereoselective catalysis, and molecular electronics. KW - Molecular architecture KW - Molecular recognition KW - Monolayers KW - Nanostructures KW - Sensors Y1 - 1999 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1521-3773(19990419)38:8<1108::AID-ANIE1108>3.0.CO;2-C SN - 1521-3773 VL - 38 IS - 8 SP - 1108 EP - 1110 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Samkange-Zeeb, Florence A1 - Spallek, Lena A1 - Klug, S. J. A1 - Zeeb, Hajo T1 - HPV infection awareness and self-reported HPV vaccination coverage in female adolescent students in two German cities T2 - Journal of Community Health Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-012-9589-1 SN - 0094-5145 SN - 1573-3610 VL - 37 IS - 6 SP - 1151 EP - 1156 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Riepl, Michael A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Novotny, Ivan A1 - Tvarozek, Vladimir A1 - Rehacek, Vlastimil A1 - Wolfbeis, Otto S. T1 - Optimization of capacitive affinity sensors: drift suppression and signal amplification T2 - Analytica Chimica Acta N2 - The detection limit of capacitive affinity sensors based on the gold–alkanethiol system can be improved by optimization of sensor preparation and by signal amplification. The dissociation of the gold–sulfur binding is often a critical point leading to operative errors of such sensors. The stability of self-assembled monolayers prepared with different thiols on gold electrodes in aqueous and organic solvents was studied by the capacitive technique. The results show that monolayers made of 16-mercaptohexadecanoic acid are stable in aqueous solution and can be hardly extracted from a gold surface by ethanol, methanol, or dioxane, while a considerable damage of self-assembled monolayers was observed due to incubation in chloroform or dimethylformamide. In contrast, self-assembled monolayers made from short-chain disulfides or thiols (such as 3,3′-dithio-bis(propionic acid N-hydroxysuccinimide ester) or 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid) displayed a poor stability in aqueous phase. Capacitive affinity sensors based on these short-chain thiols showed a considerable drift of the signal. The use of long-chain thiols resulted in a stable signal; it was applied to compare capacitive effects due to immobilization of different biological molecules and for preparation of different biosensors. The response of capacitive biosensors can be amplified by formation of a sandwich structure. This principle was illustrated by subsequent adsorption of polyclonal anti-HSA after binding of HSA with a sensor for HSA based on monoclonal antibodies. KW - Affinity sensor KW - Self-assembly KW - Capacitive sensor KW - Signal amplification KW - Immunosensor KW - Biosensor Y1 - 1999 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0003-2670(99)00195-6 SN - 0003-2670 VL - 392 IS - 1 SP - 77 EP - 84 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Riepl, Michael A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Wolfbeis, Otto S. T1 - Electrical control of alkanethiols self-assembly on a gold surface as an approach for preparation of microelectrode arrays T2 - Microchimica Acta N2 - It is shown by capacitive monitoring that the self-assembly of alkanethiols on gold electrodes and desorption of these self-assembled monolayers from the electrodes are controlled by the electrode potential. At neutral pH, chemical adsorption of alkanethiols was observed at an electrode potential of +300 mV vs SCE, but only physical adsorption was detected when the electrode potential was −1400 mV vs SCE. At electrode potentials between these values (−300 mV, −600 mV), chemical adsorption of alkanethiols occurred, but the alkanethiol monolayers were not stable in the absence of the alkanethiol in the bulk solution and were desorbed from the gold electrode. The desorption rate was higher at more negative electrode potentials. These results can be used in designing methods for electrically addressable immobilization of different receptors on (micro)electrode arrays. This has been demonstrated by deposition of two different types of alkanethiols onto a two-electrode array. KW - self-assembly KW - electrical control KW - electrode capacitance KW - addressable immobilization KW - (bio)sensor array Y1 - 1999 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s006040050006 SN - 0026-3672 SN - 1436-5073 VL - 131 IS - 1 SP - 29 EP - 34 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schweiß, Rüdiger A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Wolfbeis, Otto S. T1 - Capacitive study of self-assembled alkylthiol monolayers: surface charge effects and kinetics of surfactants adsorption T2 - Materials Science Forum Y1 - 1998 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.287-288.427 SN - 1662-9752 SN - 0255-5476 VL - 287-288 SP - 427 EP - 430 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Riepl, Michael A1 - Krause, Christian A1 - Novotny, Ivan A1 - Splonskowski, Markus A1 - Rehacek, Vlastimil A1 - Tvarozek, Vladimir A1 - Hummel, Helmut A1 - Wolfbeis, Otto S. T1 - Thin film electrodes for capacitive chemo- and biosensors: an optimization of the electrodes geometry T2 - Materials Science Forum KW - Biosensor KW - Capacitance KW - Chemical Sensors KW - Electrode Y1 - 1998 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.287-288.423 SN - 1662-9752 VL - 287-288 SP - 423 EP - 426 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spallek, Lena A1 - Krille, L. A1 - Reiners, Christoph A1 - Schneider, R. A1 - Yamashita, S. A1 - Zeeb, Hajo T1 - Adverse effects of iodine thyroid blocking: a systematic review T2 - Radiation Protection Dosimetry Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncr400 SN - 0144-8420 SN - 1742-3406 VL - 150 IS - 3 SP - 266 EP - 267 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ando, Masanori A1 - Swart, Claudia A1 - Pringsheim, Erika A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Wolfbeis, Otto S. T1 - Optical ozone detection by use of polyaniline film T2 - Solid State Ionics N2 - We report on the optical ozone sensitivity of a polyaniline (PANI) film prepared on the inner wall of a polystyrene cuvette by chemical oxidation of aniline from aqueous solution. The PANI film showed changes of optical absorbance in the presence of 50–100 ppm ozone in air at room temperature. The absorbance change was largest at wavelengths in the range of 500–800 nm. The absorbance changes brought about by ozone was partially reversible after removal of ozone from the atmosphere. These results suggest that PANI is a potential material for optical ozone detection. KW - Optical ozone detection KW - Polyaniline film KW - Visible near-IR absorption Y1 - 2002 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-2738(02)00338-7 SN - 0167-2738 VL - 152-153 SP - 819 EP - 822 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - New applications of self-assembled monolayers (Invited review) T2 - Trends in Analytical Chemistry N2 - New applications of self-assembled monolayers of thiol compounds on gold electrodes are reviewed. They include: (i) exploitation of electrical control of self-assembly of thiol compounds for electrically- addressable immobilization of receptor molecules onto sensor arrays; (ii) a spreader-bar technique for formation of stable nanostructures; and, (iii) use of self-assembled monolayers as selective filters for chemical sensors. Y1 - 2002 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-9936(02)00601-5 SN - 0165-9936 VL - 21 IS - 6-7 SP - 439 EP - 450 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wrobel, Nadia A1 - Schinkinger, Manfred A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - A novel ultraviolet assay for testing side reactions of carbodiimides T2 - Analytical Biochemistry N2 - Carbodiimides possess considerable absorbance in the ultraviolet region; the extinction coefficient of 1-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC) in water is ϵ214 = 6.3 · 103 L mol−1 cm−1. It provides a very simple method for testing possible side reactions of carbodiimides. This technique was used to study effects of pH, different buffers, and other components typically present in biological samples on EDC stability. It was shown that the hydrolysis rate in pure water increased from 1.5 · 10−5 to 5 · 10−4 s−1 by pH decreasing from 7 to 4. A strong increase of the rate of EDC loss was observed in the presence of different components. This effect can be described by the following row of hydrolysis rates: citrate ⪢ acetate ≈ phosphate ⪢ SDS. The results can be used to optimize carbodiimide-mediated reactions of peptide bond formation in organic chemistry or peptide synthesis or during immobilization or cross-linking of biological molecules. Y1 - 2002 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1006/abio.2002.5646 SN - 0003-2697 VL - 305 IS - 2 SP - 135 EP - 138 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Panasyuk-Delaney, Tanya A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Wolfbeis, Otto S. T1 - Capacitive creatinine sensor based on molecularly imprinted polymer T2 - Electroanalysis N2 - The first reversible chemosensor to creatinine based on artificial chemoreceptors is described. The receptor layer was prepared by molecularly imprinted photopolymerization of acrylamidomethylpropanesulfonic acid and methylenediacrylamide. The polymer layer was grafted onto the surface of gold electrodes coated with an alkanethiol monolayer. Creatinine binding was detected by a decrease in the electrode capacitance. The sensor response is reversible and highly selective: no response to addition of sodium chloride, creatine, urea or glucose were observed. The detection limit for creatinine is 10 μM which is optimal for medical applications. KW - Capacitive sensor KW - Creatinine KW - Molecularly imprinted polymer KW - Chemical sensor KW - Photografted polymerization Y1 - 2002 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/1521-4109(200202)14:3<221::AID-ELAN221>3.0.CO;2-Y SN - 1521-4109 VL - 14 IS - 3 SP - 221 EP - 224 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Vasjari, Majlinda A1 - Novotny, Ivan A1 - Rehacek, Vlastimil A1 - Tvarozek, Vladimir A1 - Wolfbeis, Otto S. T1 - Self-assembled monolayers as selective filters for chemical sensors T2 - Nanotechnology N2 - The lateral electrical conductivity of gold layers with thickness in the nanometre range was found to decrease due to adsorption of mercury, water, iodine and sulphuric compounds onto the gold surface. A self-assembled monolayer of hexadecanethiol, deposited on the gold surface, blocked the effects of water and volatile sulphuric compounds on the lateral conductivity of the gold layers, but does not block the effects of iodine and mercury. The results indicate a selective permeability of hexadecanethiol monolayers for mercury vapour, thus providing a method for development of ultrathin filters for chemical sensors. Y1 - 2002 SN - 0957-4484 VL - 13 IS - 2 SP - 175 EP - 178 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Affinity sensors in non-equilibrium conditions: a highly selective chemosensing by means of low selective chemosensors T2 - Sensors N2 - The selectivity of measurements by means of affinity sensors in (quasi)equilibrium conditions and in non-equilibrium conditions was compared. The results show that the measurements in non-equilibrium conditions can reduce or even eliminate a relative contribution of interferents to a sensor signal. KW - affinity sensors KW - kinetics KW - selectivity Y1 - 2001 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/s10100013 SN - 1424-8220 VL - 1 IS - 1 SP - 13 EP - 17 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Panasyuk-Delaney, Tanya A1 - Wolfbeis, Otto S. T1 - Chemical sensors based on ultrathin membranes from molecularly imprinted polymers T2 - Membrane & cell biology Y1 - 2001 VL - 18 IS - 6 SP - 496 EP - 501 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herzog, Natalie A1 - Hansen, Max A1 - Miethbauer, Sebastian A1 - Schmidtke, Kai-Uwe A1 - Anderer, Ursula A1 - Lupp, Amelie A1 - Sperling, Sebastian A1 - Seehofer, Daniel A1 - Damm, Georg A1 - Scheibner, Katrin A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner T1 - Primary-like human hepatocytes genetically engineered to obtain proliferation competence display hepatic differentiation characteristics in monolayer and organotypical spheroid cultures T2 - Cell Biology International N2 - Primary human hepatocytes are in great demand during drug development and in hepatology. However, both scarcity of tissue supply and donor variability of primary cells create a need for the development of alternative hepatocyte systems. By using a lentivirus vector system to transfer coding sequences of Upcyte® proliferation genes, we generated non-transformed stable hepatocyte cultures from human liver tissue samples. Here, we show data on newly generated proliferation-competent HepaFH3 cells investigated as conventional two-dimensional monolayer and as organotypical three-dimensional (3D) spheroid culture. In monolayer culture, HepaFH3 cells show typical cobblestone-like hepatocyte morphology and anchorage-dependent growth for at least 20 passages. Immunofluorescence staining revealed that characteristic hepatocyte marker proteins cytokeratin 8, human serum albumin, and cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 were expressed. Quantitative real-time PCR analyses showed that expression levels of analyzed phase I CYP enzymes were at similar levels compared to those of cultured primary human hepatocytes and considerably higher than in the liver carcinoma cell line HepG2. Additionally, transcripts for phase II liver enzymes and transporter proteins OATP-C, MRP2, Oct1, and BSEP were present in HepaFH3. The cells produced urea and converted model compounds such as testosterone, diclofenac, and 7-OH-coumarin into phases I and II metabolites. Interestingly, phases I and II enzymes were expressed at about the same levels in convenient monolayer cultures and complex 3D spheroids. In conclusion, HepaFH3 cells and related primary-like hepatocyte lines seem to be promising tools for in vitro research of liver functions and as test system in drug development and toxicology analysis. KW - cytochrome P450 enzyme Y1 - 2016 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cbin.10574/full U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cbin.10574 SN - 1095-8355 VL - 40 IS - 3 SP - 341 EP - 353 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Capati, Matteo A1 - Caprara, Sergio A1 - Di Castro, Carlo A1 - Grilli, Marco A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Lorenzana, José T1 - Electronic polymers and soft-matter-like broken symmetries in underdoped cuprates T2 - Nature Communications N2 - Empirical evidence in heavy fermion, pnictide and other systems suggests that unconventional superconductivity appears associated to some form of real-space electronic order. For the cuprates, despite several proposals, the emergence of order in the phase diagram between the commensurate antiferromagnetic state and the superconducting state is not well understood. Here we show that in this regime doped holes assemble in ‘electronic polymers’. Within a Monte Carlo study, we find that in clean systems by lowering the temperature the polymer melt condenses first in a smectic state and then in a Wigner crystal both with the addition of inversion symmetry breaking. Disorder blurs the positional order leaving a robust inversion symmetry breaking and a nematic order, accompanied by vector chiral spin order and with the persistence of a thermodynamic transition. Such electronic phases, whose properties are reminiscent of soft-matter physics, produce charge and spin responses in good accord with experiments. KW - Molecular electronics KW - Polymers KW - Superconducting properties and materials Y1 - 2015 UR - http://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms8691 U6 - https://doi.org/doi:10.1038/ncomms8691 SN - 2041-1723 VL - 6 SP - 7691 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kiebist, Jan A1 - Holla, Wolfgang A1 - Heidrich, Johannes A1 - Poraj-Kobielska, Marzena A1 - Sandvoss, Martin A1 - Simonis, Reiner A1 - Gröbe, Glenn A1 - Atzrodt, Jens A1 - Hofrichter, Martin A1 - Scheibner, Katrin T1 - One-pot synthesis of human metabolites of SAR548304 by fungal peroxygenases T2 - Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry N2 - Unspecific peroxygenases (UPOs, EC 1.11.2.1) have proved to be stable oxygen-transferring biocatalysts for H2O2-dependent transformation of pharmaceuticals. We have applied UPOs in a drug development program and consider the enzymatic approach in parallel to a conventional chemical synthesis of the human metabolites of the bile acid reabsorption inhibitor SAR548304. Chemical preparation of N,N-di-desmethyl metabolite was realized by a seven-step synthesis starting from a late precursor of SAR548304 and included among others palladium catalysis and laborious chromatographic purification with an overall yield of 27%. The enzymatic approach revealed that the UPO of Marasmius rotula is particularly suitable for selective N-dealkylation of the drug and enabled us to prepare both human metabolites via one-pot conversion with an overall yield of 66% N,N-di-desmethyl metabolite and 49% of N-mono-desmethylated compound in two separated kinetic-controlled reactions. KW - Peroxgenase Y1 - 2015 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0968089615005295 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bmc.2015.06.035 SN - 0968-0896 VL - 23 IS - 15 SP - 4324 EP - 4332 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Babot, Esteban D. A1 - Río, José C. del A1 - Cañellas, Marina A1 - Sancho, Ferran A1 - Lucas, Fátima A1 - Guallar, Víctor A1 - Kalum, Lisbeth A1 - Lund, Henrik A1 - Gröbe, Glenn A1 - Scheibner, Katrin A1 - Ullrich, René A1 - Hofrichter, Martin A1 - Martínez, Angel T. A1 - Gutiérrez, Ana T1 - Steroid hydroxylation by basidiomycete peroxygenases: A combined experimental and computational study T2 - Applied and Environmental Microbiology N2 - The goal of this study is the selective oxyfunctionalization of steroids under mild and environmentally-friendly conditions using fungal enzymes. With this purpose, peroxygenases from three basidiomycete species were tested for hydroxylation of a variety of steroidal compounds, using H2O2 as the only cosubstrate. Two of them are wild-type enzymes from Agrocybe aegerita and Marasmius rotula, and the third one is a recombinant enzyme from Coprinopsis cinerea. The enzymatic reactions on free and esterified sterols, and steroid hydrocarbons and ketones were followed by gas chromatography, and the products were identified by mass spectrometry. Hydroxylation at the side chain over the steroidal rings was preferred, with the 25-hydroxyderivatives predominating (interestingly antiviral and other biological activities of 25-hydroxycholesterol have been recently reported). However, hydroxylation in the ring moiety and terminal hydroxylation at the side-chain was also observed in some steroids, the former favored by the absence of oxygenated groups at C3 and by the presence of conjugated double bonds in the rings. To understand the yield and selectivity differences between the different steroids, a computational study was performed using Protein Energy Landscape Exploration (PELE) software for dynamic ligand diffusion. These simulations showed that the active site geometry and hydrophobicity favors the entrance of the steroid side-chain, while the entrance of the ring is energetically penalized. Also, a direct correlation between the conversion rate and the side-chain entrance ratio could be established, that explains the varying reaction yields observed. KW - Peroxyenase Y1 - 2015 UR - http://aem.asm.org/content/early/2015/04/08/AEM.00660-15 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00660-15 SN - 0099-2240 SN - 1098-5336 VL - 81 IS - 12 SP - 4130 EP - 4142 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Poraj-Kobielska, Marzena A1 - Peter, Sebastian A1 - Leonhardt, Sabrina A1 - Ullrich, René A1 - Scheibner, Katrin A1 - Hofrichter, Martin T1 - Immobilization of unspecific peroxygenases (EC 1.11.2.1) in PVA/PEG gel and hollow fiber modules T2 - Biochemical Engineering Journal N2 - The immobilization of enzymes has many advantages, such as higher stability, easier handling, and reuse of the catalyst. Here we report, for the first time, two effective methods for the immobilization of unspecific peroxygenase (UPO; EC 1.11.2.1). This biocatalyst type comprises heavily glycosylated heme-thiolate proteins that catalyze various biotechnologically relevant oxyfunctionalizations. Both the encapsulation in cryogel and the retention of the enzyme in hollow fiber modules were found to be efficient methods for their immobilization. After encapsulation, the enzyme still exhibited 60% of its initial activity. Interestingly, we did not find differences in the kinetic parameters of free and immobilized UPOs. In long-term experiments, the conversion of the pharmaceutical diclofenac with immobilized UPOs in different reactor types yielded between 62 mg and 154 mg of the major human drug metabolite 4′-hydroxydiclofenac. The maximal total turnover number was about 60-fold higher compared to the free enzyme. A test over 5 months showed that storage of encapsulated UPOs in non-polar solvents (e.g., cyclohexane) helps to preserve the enzyme stability and increases their relative activity (by about ∼150%, in the case of diclofenac hydroxylation). In addition to the hydrophilic substrate diclofenac, encapsulated UPOs also oxidized the hydrophobic model compound cyclohexane. KW - Peroxygenase Y1 - 2015 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369703X15000820 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bej.2015.02.037 SN - 1369-703X VL - 98 SP - 144 EP - 150 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Marino, Mario T1 - History, Memory and Communication. First Reflections on Primo Levi's Idea of Poetry. T2 - Scientia Poetica. Jahrbuch für Geschichte der Literatur und der Wissenschaften Y1 - 2014 SN - 1431-5041 SN - 1868-9418 VL - 18 IS - 1 SP - 227 EP - 259 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Marino, Mario T1 - Machiavelli e Machiavellismo nello Herder della seconda metà degli anni sessanta. T2 - Etica & Politica / Ethics & Politics Y1 - 2015 SN - 1825-5167 VL - 17 IS - 3 SP - 32 EP - 46 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Marino, Mario T1 - Évolution, corps, langage: le cas Paul Alsberg et l'anthropologie philosophique. T2 - Alter. Revue de phénoménologie Y1 - 2015 SN - 1249-8947 VL - 23 SP - 113 EP - 128 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Loebjinski, Maria A1 - Rug, Wolfgang A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut T1 - Zuverlässigkeitsbewertung von Holzbauteilen im Bestand T2 - Bauingenieur N2 - Die aktuellen Bemessungsnormen des Eurocodes beinhalten keine gesonderten Regelungen für bestehende Bauwerke. Dennoch sind diese aus verschiedenen Gründen spezifisch zu bemessen. Dazu gehören sowohl öko-nomische Gründe, als auch Anforderungen an die Erhaltung von historischen Konstruktionen. Dieser Beitrag fasst Grundlagen zur Zuverlässigkeitstheorie und zur Ermittlung von Teilsicherheitsbeiwerten zusammen, stellt den aktuellen Stand der Technik zu Normen und Standards der zuverlässigkeitstheoretischen Bemessung und zur Behandlung von Bestandsbauten in der Bemessung dar und zeigt mit vereinfachten Rechnungen das Opti-mierungspotential der Teilsicherheitsbeiwerte für historische Holzkonstruktionen auf. Y1 - 2017 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 92 IS - 2 SP - 65 EP - 73 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Neumann, Andreas T1 - "Konec srpna v Hotelu Ozon" von Jan Schmidt und Pavel Juráček. Ein dystopischer Science-Fiction-Film der Tschecholslowakischen Neuen Welle. T2 - Zeitschrift des Forschungsverbundes SED-Staat Y1 - 2016 UR - http://www.fu-berlin.de/sites/fsed/zdf/zdf31-40/ZdF40/index.html SN - 0948-9878 VL - 40 SP - 134 EP - 144 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kiebist, Jan A1 - Schmidtke, Kai-Uwe A1 - Zimmermann, Jörg A1 - Kellner, Harald A1 - Jehmlich, Nico A1 - Ullrich, René A1 - Zänder, Daniel A1 - Hofrichter, Martin A1 - Scheibner, Katrin T1 - A peroxygenase from Chaetomium globosum catalyzes the selective oxygenation of testosterone T2 - ChemBioChem N2 - Unspecific peroxygenases (UPO, EC 1.11.2.1) secreted by fungi open an efficient way to selectively oxyfunctionalize diverse organic substrates including less activated hydrocarbons by transferring peroxide-borne oxygen. Herein, we investigated a cell-free approach to incorporate epoxy and hydroxyl functionalities directly into the bulky molecule of testosterone by a novel unspecific peroxygenase that was produced by the ascomycetous fungus Chaetomium globosum in a complex medium rich in carbon and nitrogen. Purification by fast protein liquid chromatography revealed two enzyme fractions with the same molecular mass of 36 kDa and specific activities of 4.4 to 12 U mg-1. Whereas well-known UPOs of Agrocybe aegerita (AaeUPO) and Marasmius rotula (MroUPO) failed to convert testosterone in a comparative study, the UPO of C. globosum (CglUPO) accepted testosterone as substrate and converted it with up to 7,000 total turnovers (TTN) into two oxygenated products: the 4,5-epoxide of testosterone in β-configuration and 16α-hydroxytestosterone. The reaction was performed at 100-mg scale resulting in the formation of about 90 % of the epoxide and 10 % of the hydroxylation product, which both could be isolated with purities above 96 %. Thus, CglUPO may be a promising biocatalyst for the oxyfunctionalization of bulky steroids and provide a useful tool for the synthesis of pharmaceutically relevant steroidal molecules. KW - peroxidase KW - hydroxylation Y1 - 2017 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cbic.201600677/abstract U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cbic.201600677 SN - 1439-7633 VL - 18 IS - 6 SP - 563 EP - 569 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Karich, Alexander A1 - Scheibner, Katrin A1 - Ullrich, René A1 - Hofrichter, Martin T1 - Exploring the catalase activity of unspecific peroxygenases and the mechanism of peroxide-dependent heme destruction T2 - Journal of Molecular Catalysis B: Enzymatic N2 - The catalase activity of three unspecific peroxygenases (UPOs) from the agaric basidiomycetes Agrocybe aegerita, Coprinopsis cinerea and Marasmius rotula was investigated. The study included analysis of pH dependency of the catalase reaction and H₂O₂ mediated enzyme inactivation as well as experiments on the influence of a second substrate on the course of catalase reaction. Apparent kinetic parameters (Km, kcat) for the catalase activity of UPOs were determined. Inactivation of UPOs by H₂O₂ is discussed with regard to O₂ production and remaining UPO activity. Furthermore formation of biliverdin as heme destruction product was demonstrated along with the formation of UPO compound III as a possible intermediate that forces the destruction process. Radical trapping experiments with methyl benzoate gave indication for the formation of hydroxyl radicals in the presence of excess H₂O₂. Eventually, a plausible pathway of heme destruction has been proposed, proceeding via UPO compound III and subsequent hydroxyl radical formation, which in turn may cause heme bleaching and verdoheme and biliverdin formation. KW - Peroxygenase Y1 - 2016 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1381117716302090 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcatb.2016.10.014 SN - 1381-1177 VL - 134 IS - A SP - 238 EP - 246 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Olmedo, Andrés A1 - Aranda, Carmen A1 - Rio, José C. del A1 - Kiebist, Jan A1 - Scheibner, Katrin A1 - Martínez, Angel T. A1 - Gutiérrez, Ana T1 - From Alkanes to Carboxylic Acids: Terminal Oxygenation by a Fungal Peroxygenase T2 - Angewandte Chemie International Edition N2 - A new heme–thiolate peroxidase catalyzes the hydroxylation of n-alkanes at the terminal position—a challenging reaction in organic chemistry—with H2O2 as the only cosubstrate. Besides the primary product, 1-dodecanol, the conversion of dodecane yielded dodecanoic, 12-hydroxydodecanoic, and 1,12-dodecanedioic acids, as identified by GC–MS. Dodecanal could be detected only in trace amounts, and 1,12-dodecanediol was not observed, thus suggesting that dodecanoic acid is the branch point between mono- and diterminal hydroxylation. Simultaneously, oxygenation was observed at other hydrocarbon chain positions (preferentially C2 and C11). Similar results were observed in reactions of tetradecane. The pattern of products formed, together with data on the incorporation of 18O from the cosubstrate H218O2, demonstrate that the enzyme acts as a peroxygenase that is able to catalyze a cascade of mono- and diterminal oxidation reactions of long-chain n-alkanes to give carboxylic acids. KW - Peroxyenase Y1 - 2016 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/anie.201605430/abstract U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201605430 SN - 1521-3773 VL - 55 IS - 40 SP - 12248 EP - 12251 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Teufel, Julian A1 - Bardins, Stanislav A1 - Spiegel, Rainer A1 - Kremmyda, O. A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Strupp, Michael A1 - Kalla, R. T1 - Real time computerbased visual feedback improves visual acuity in downbeat nystagmus, a pilot study T2 - Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation Y1 - 2016 SN - 1743-0003 VL - 13 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bajari, Tarek M. A1 - Lindstedt, Ken A. A1 - Riepl, Michael A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Nimpf, Johannes A1 - Wolfbeis, Otto S. A1 - Dresel, Hans A. A1 - Bautz, Ekkehard K. F. A1 - Schneider, Wolfgang Johann T1 - A minimal binding domain of the low density lipoprotein receptor gene family T2 - Biological Chemistry KW - Ligand binding KW - Low density lipoprotein KW - Phage display KW - Receptor KW - Oocyte Y1 - 1998 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/bchm.1998.379.8-9.1053 SN - 1437-4315 VL - 379 IS - 8-9 SP - 1053 EP - 1062 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Samkange-Zeeb, Florence A1 - Spallek, Lena A1 - Zeeb, Hajo T1 - Awareness and knowledge of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) among school-going adolescents in Europe: a systematic review of published literature T2 - BMC Public Health Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-11-727 SN - 1471-2458 VL - 11 SP - 727 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Mass, Markus A1 - Krause, Christian A1 - Wolfbeis, Otto S. T1 - Capacitive approach to determine phospholipase A2 activity towards artificial and natural substrates T2 - Analytical Chemistry N2 - A capacitive approach has been employed to develop a novel method to determine phospholipase activity. The sensing electrodes have a structure like Au/S(CH₂)₁₇CH₃/substrate/electrolyte. Hydrolysis of the substrate, mediated by phospholipase A₂, leads to the formation of water-soluble products from the insoluble substrate. This results in desorption of these products into aqueous phase and corresponding increase of the electrode capacitance. The requirement of high water solubility of the reaction products can be achieved in two ways. In the first, short-chain phospholipids are used as the substrate, in which case, water-soluble products are formed and no additional reagents are required to promote desorption of these products. The sensors prepared by this strategy provide sensitive qualitative detection of phospholipases. The second way is based on the use of a water-soluble acceptor (for example, β-cyclodextrin) to solubilize the products of hydrolysis. It allows semiquantitative detection of phospholipase activity toward long-chain natural substrates. The reaction kinetics for this case was found to be monoexponential and linearly dependent on the phospholipase concentration. The detection limit of this method, as tested with phospholipase A₂ from bee venom and soy bean lecithin as the substrate, is ∼0.5 ng/mL (500 μunits/mL). Y1 - 1998 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/ac980102w SN - 0003-2700 SN - 1520-6882 VL - 70 IS - 17 SP - 3674 EP - 3678 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Riepl, Michael A1 - Wolfbeis, Otto S. T1 - Capacitive monitoring of protein immobilization and antigen-antibody reaction on the monomolecular films of alkylthiols adsorbed on gold electrodes T2 - Biosensors and Bioelectronics N2 - Self-assembled monolayers of omega-mercaptohexadecanoic acid and omega-mercaptohexadecylamine on gold electrodes are stable at neutral pH and display pure capacitive behavior at frequencies around 20 Hz. Different methods of covalent immobilization of proteins on these monolayers are compared. Various reagents including succinimides, thionylchloride, p-nitrophenol and carbodiimides were used to activate the carboxy groups of the adsorbed monolayer of omega-mercaptohexadecanoic acid. Glutaraldehyde, cyanuric chloride and phenylene diisocyanate were used to activate the amino groups of the monolayer of omega-mercaptohexadecylamine. The immobilization of albumin on the activated surface was studied by capacitive measurements. The N-hydroxysuccinimide and carbodiimide methods were identified as most suitable for protein immobilization in that they did not compromise the insulating properties of the alkylthiol layer and led to maximal increase of its dielectric thickness. These approaches were used for a layer-by-layer preparation of a capacitive immunosensor. Specifically, antibodies to human serum albumin were immobilized on the alkylthiol mono-layer. Binding of the antigen led to a decrease of the electrode capacitance. The detection limit of the immunosensor is as low as 15 nM (1 mg/l). Y1 - 1997 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0956-5663(97)00053-5 SN - 0956-5663 VL - 12 IS - 9-10 SP - 977 EP - 989 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Krause, Christian A1 - Heckmann, Klaus Dietrich T1 - Capacitive detection of adsorption/desorption on hydrophobized gold electrodes: an application for surfactants adsorption and phospholipase assay T2 - Chimica Chronica, New Series Y1 - 1996 VL - 25 SP - 179 EP - 194 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krause, Christian A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Heckmann, Klaus Dietrich T1 - Capacitive detection of surfactant adsorption on hydrophobized gold electrodes T2 - Langmuir N2 - Nonspecific adsorption of surfactants on polycrystalline gold electrodes, covered by a chemically adsorbed monomolecular layer of octadecanethiol, was studied by means of capacitive measurements. Homologous series of fatty acids (from decane to tetradecane acids) and dodecanepyridinium chloride were used as surfactants. The behavior of the electrode was completely different in the first and subsequent cycles of adsorption/desorption. In the first adsorption cycle, an initial capacitance jump at low concentrations (<10 μM) occurs, while later the curves show the usual saturation behavior. The first surfactant layer could not be completely desorbed; only the electrode capacitance shown after the jump was reached. Subsequent cycles do not reveal any capacitance jumps and were completely reversible. Adsorption curves in the series of monoalkyl acids are shifted according to the Traube rule. A comparison with the surfactant adsorption at the air/water interface has been done. Y1 - 1996 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/la9601869 SN - 0743-7463 VL - 12 IS - 25 SP - 6059 EP - 6064 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Krause, Christian A1 - Heckmann, Klaus Dietrich T1 - Capacitive sensor for lipolytic enzymes T2 - Thin Solid Films N2 - The preparation of the capacitive biosensor for monitoring the activity of enzymes (lipases, phospholipases, etc.) hydrolysing waterinsoluble substrates into water-soluble products is described. The sensor is based on a sandwich-like structure: Au/S(CH₂)₁₇CH₁/substrate/electrolyte. Hydrolysis of the substrate leads to the formation of water-soluble products and desorption of these compounds from the electrode. When the product formation is the rate-limiting step of this process, the desorption rate is determined by the enzyme activity. The desorption can be easily monitored as an increase of the electrode capacitance. By following this principle it was possible to develop a sensor monitoring phospholipase A₂ activity even at the 50 pg ml-1 level. KW - Phospholipase AZ KW - Enzyme assay KW - Capacitive sensor KW - Self-assembly layer Y1 - 1996 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-6090(95)08485-1 SN - 0040-6090 VL - 284-285 SP - 939 EP - 941 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lengyel, Dominik A1 - Toulouse, Catherine A1 - Glaser, Manuela A1 - Schwan, Stephan T1 - Designing computer-based learning contents: influence of digital zoom on attention T2 - Educational Technology Research and Development N2 - In the present study, we investigated the role of digital zoom as a tool for directing attention while looking at visual learning material. In particular, we analyzed whether minimal digital zoom functions similarly to a rhetorical device by cueing mental zooming of attention accordingly. Participants were presented either static film clips, film clips with minimal zoom-ins, or film clips with minimal zoom-outs while eye movements were recorded. We hypothesized that minimal zoom-ins should lead to more gaze coherence, to longer dwell times as an indicator of more elaborative processing, and to fewer transitions as an indicator of less mental integration. Zoom-outs, on the other hand, were expected to have opposite effects. Results showed that zoom-ins increase gaze coherence and dwell times on the center parts of the depictions while decreasing transitions of pictorial elements from the center and the context areas. In contrast, patterns of results from zoom-outs and static presentations were similar to a large degree, indicating that zoom-ins and zoom-outs do not operate in a complementary fashion. Theoretical and practical implications of the present results are discussed. KW - Visualisation Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-016-9495-9 SN - 1042-1629 SN - 1556-6501 VL - 65 IS - 5 SP - 1135 EP - 1151 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Drechsler, Martin A1 - Johst, Karin A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - The cost-effective length of contracts for payments to compensate land owners for biodiversity conservation measures T2 - Biological Conservation Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2017.01.014 SN - 0006-3207 VL - 207 SP - 72 EP - 79 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fless, Friederike A1 - Graf, Bernhard A1 - Dally, Ortwin A1 - Franke, Ute A1 - Gerbich, Christine A1 - Lengyel, Dominik A1 - Knaut, Matthias A1 - Näser, Claudia A1 - Savoy, Bénédicte A1 - Steinmüller, Laura Katharina A1 - Steudtner, Katharina A1 - Taschner, Moritz A1 - Toulouse, Catherine A1 - Weber, Stefan T1 - Authenticity and Communication T2 - eTOPOI Journal for Ancient Studies N2 - Authenticity is not an absolute and constant quality inherent in an object or an experience; it is constructed in the process of research. Actors inscribe and attribute it to both material objects and subjective processes like communication and consumption. This article from the research group seeks on the one hand to reflect on the historical scope of action and action patterns among actors from various disciplines between the conflicting priorities of authentication and communication, and on the other to find ways to visualize and operationalize attribution processes through joint reflection. When we look at both history and the discussions fifty years after the Venice Charter, its idea to hand on historic monuments “in the full richness of their authenticity” has turned into an abundance of vibrant action and decision-making. KW - Visualisation Y1 - 2016 UR - http://journal.topoi.org/index.php/etopoi/article/view/263 SN - 2192-2608 VL - 6 SP - 479 EP - 524 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schulz, Christian M. A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Kohlbecher, Stefan A1 - Hapfelmeier, Alexander A1 - Heuser, Fabian T1 - The influence of anaesthetists’ experience on workload, performance and visual attention during simulated critical incidents T2 - Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10877-013-9443-8 SN - 1387-1307 SN - 1573-2614 VL - 28 IS - 5 SP - 475 EP - 480 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ramaioli, Cecilia A1 - Colagiorgio, Paolo A1 - Sağlam, Murat A1 - Heuser, Fabian A1 - Schneider, Erich T1 - The effect of vestibulo-ocular reflex deficits and covert saccades on dynamic vision in opioid-induced vestibular T2 - PLoS One Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0110322 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 9 IS - 10 SP - e110322 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mossman, Benjamin A1 - Mossman, Stuart A1 - Purdie, Gordon A1 - Schneider, Erich T1 - Age dependent normal horizontal vor gain of head impulse test as measured with video-oculography T2 - Journal of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s40463-015-0081-7 SN - 1916-0216 VL - 44 SP - 29 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lehnen, Nadine A1 - Heuser, Fabian A1 - Sağlam, Murat A1 - Schulz, Christian M. A1 - Wagner, Klaus J. A1 - Taki, Masakatsu A1 - Kochs, Eberhard F. A1 - Jahn, Klaus A1 - Schneider, Erich T1 - Opioid-induced nausea involves a vestibular problem preventable by head-rest T2 - PLoS one Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0135263 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 10 IS - 8 SP - e0135263 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kugler, Günter A1 - Hart, Bernhard Marius 't A1 - Kohlbecher, Stefan A1 - Einhäuser, Wolfgang A1 - Schneider, Erich T1 - Gaze in visual search is guided more efficiently by positive cues than by negative cues T2 - PLoS one Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0145910 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 10 IS - 12 SP - e0145910 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kugler, Günter A1 - Hart, Bernhard Marius 't A1 - Kohlbecher, Stefan A1 - Bartl, Klaus A1 - Schumann, Frank A1 - Einhäuser, Wolfgang A1 - Schneider, Erich T1 - Visual search in the real world: Color vision deficiency affects peripheral guidance, but leaves foveal verification largely unaffected T2 - Frontiers in human neuroscience Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2015.00680 SN - 1662-5161 VL - 9 SP - 680 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Kersten A1 - Diaz, Julien A1 - Heier, Christian T1 - Non-conforming Galerkin finite element methods for local absorbing boundary conditions of higher order T2 - Computers & Mathematics with Applications N2 - A new non-conforming finite element discretization methodology for second order elliptic partial differential equations involving higher order local absorbing boundary conditions in 2D and 3D is proposed. The novelty of the approach lies in the application of C⁰-continuous finite element spaces, which is the standard discretization of second order operators, to the discretization of boundary differential operators of order four and higher. For each of these boundary operators, additional terms appear on the bound-ary nodes in 2D and on the boundary edges in 3D, similarly to interior penalty discontinuous Galerkin methods, which leads to a stable and consistent formulation. In this way, no auxiliary variables on the boundary have to be introduced and trial and test functions of higher smoothness along the boundary are not required. As a consequence, the method leads to lower computational costs for discretizations with higher order elements and is easily integrated in high-order finite element libraries. A priori h-conver-gence error estimates show that the method does not reduce the order of convergence compared to usual Dirichlet, Neumann or Robin boundary conditions if the polynomial degree on the boundary is increased simultaneously. A series of numerical experiments illustrates the utility of the method and validates the theoretical convergence results. KW - Interior Penalty Galerkin finite element methods KW - Local absorbing boundary conditions Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.camwa.2015.08.034 SN - 0898-1221 VL - 70 IS - 9 SP - 2252 EP - 2269 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mensah, Henry A1 - Ibrahim, Bachar T1 - Alternate Solutions Towards Sustainable Irrigated Agriculture in Ghana: Review of Literature T2 - Journal of Agriculture and Sustainability Y1 - 2017 SN - 2201-4357 VL - 10 IS - 1 SP - 53 EP - 79 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lengyel, Dominik A1 - Toulouse, Catherine T1 - Die digitale Visualisierung von Architektur T2 - Blickpunkt Archäologie N2 - Der Beitrag widmet sich der digitalen Visualisierung von archäologischen Baubefunden und den damit verbundenen grundlegenden Möglichkeiten und Problemen. Was kann die digitale Visualisierung von Architektur im Kontext der 3D-Digitalisierung in der Archäologie leisten? Die Frage ist vor allem deshalb nicht leicht zu beantworten, weil viele Begriffe nicht eindeutig verwendet werden und vor allem in dieser Konstellation unterschiedlichste Assoziationen auslösen. Es geht schließlich nicht um Archäologie oder Architektur als Ganzes, sondern eben um die Schnittstelle im Kontext der allumfassenden Digitalisierung. KW - Visualisierung Y1 - 2016 SN - 2364-4796 IS - 2 SP - 91 EP - 98 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grimm-Strele, Hannes A1 - Kupka, Friedrich A1 - Löw-Baselli, Bernhard A1 - Mundprecht, Eva A1 - Zaussinger, Florian A1 - Schiansky, Peter T1 - Realistic simulations of stellar surface convection with ANTARES: I. Boundary conditions and model relaxation T2 - New Astronomy Y1 - 2015 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1384107613001383 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.newast.2013.11.005 SN - 1384-1076 VL - 34 SP - 278 EP - 293 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hayessen, R. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Heckmann, Klaus Dietrich T1 - Anion-sensitive properties of alkylguanidines in the membrane electrodes and monomolecular layers T2 - Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical N2 - Water-insoluble alkylguanidines and cycloguanidines (triphenyl-, tricyclohexyl- and tribenzylguanidines) have been synthesized and studied as potential nitrate ligands. Anion-dependent expansion of dialkylguanidinium monolayers at the water/air interface is observed; the area per guanidinium molecule in the monolayer increases according to the series I−>NO3−>Cl−. Membranes for nitrate-sensitive electrodes are prepared by immobilization of alkyl- and cycloguanidiniums into a plasticized polyvinylchloride matrix. Nernst-type dependence of the electrode potential on the nitrate concentration is observed for the electrodes prepared with long-chain alkylguanidines, and only a small response is observed for electrodes based on the cycloguanidines. The selectivity qualitatively follows the Hofmeister series: I−>NO3−>Br−>F−. The effect of plasticizers on the dielectric constant of the membranes has been studied, and variations from 6.5 (dibutylphthalate) to 16 (tributylphosphate) are obtained. In spite of some quantitative variations of the electrode selectivity, the Hofmeister series is qualitatively valid for all the electrodes. No correlation between dielectric constant of the electrode membrane and electrode selectivity is observed. KW - Alklyguanidines KW - Anion selectivity KW - Cycloguanidines KW - Membrane electrodes KW - Monomolecular layers Y1 - 1996 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-4005(97)80032-9 SN - 0925-4005 VL - 32 IS - 3 SP - 215 EP - 220 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Fatty acids effect on the phospholipase A: electrostatical mechanism of activation T2 - Membrane and Cell Biology Y1 - 1995 SN - 1023-6597 VL - 9 SP - 175 EP - 184 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - An effect of the lipid hydrolysis products on the phospholipase A₂ action towards lipid monolayer T2 - Physics and Chemistry of Lipids N2 - The effect of lauric acid (LA) and lysolauroyllecithin (LLL) on the hydrolysis of lipid in monolayer by phospholipase A₂ from Bee venom was studied. It was found that LLL inhibits phospholipase action under both high (39 mN/m) and low (25 mN/m) surface pressure. On the other hand, LA inhibits phospholipase action under the low surface pressure (15 mN/m or 25 mN/m), but increases enzyme activity under high surface pressure (39 mN/m). This activating effect can be suppressed by high ionic strength of the aqueous subphase. It is suggested that an increase of the negative surface charge of the lipid monolayer, followed by an increase of the local concentrations of the positively charged enzyme and calcium near the monolayer is a coupling factor between fatty acid accumulation and phospholipase activation. Such an autocatalytic process can only occur when the substrate is organised into monolayer, bilayer or micelles, therefore it can be considered as a reason for the substrate activation and induction time before lipid hydrolysis. Y1 - 1994 SN - 0009-3084 VL - 70 IS - 1 SP - 75 EP - 81 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cherny, Vladimir V. A1 - Sihuralidze, M. G. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Sokolov, Valeri S. T1 - An effect of the phospholipase A2 on the electrical potential distribution through lipid bilayer T2 - Biological membranes Y1 - 1992 VL - 7 SP - 733 EP - 740 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Muth, Marco A1 - Rothkötter, Stefanie A1 - Paprosch, Steven A1 - Schmid, Reiner P. A1 - Schnitzlein, Klaus T1 - Competition of Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase with its hydrolysis products at the oil-water interface T2 - Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.10.019 SN - 0927-7765 VL - 149 SP - 280 EP - 287 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stozhkova, I. N. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Sokolov, Valeri S. T1 - Stoichiometry of the photochemical reaction leading to the damage of BLM in the presence of hematoporphyrin T2 - Biological membranes Y1 - 1993 VL - 10 IS - 1 SP - 44 EP - 49 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stozhkova, I. N. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Kayushina, R. L. A1 - Erokhin, V. V. A1 - Mironov, A. F. T1 - An interaction of hematoporphyrin dimethylether with model lipid membranes T2 - Biological membranes Y1 - 1992 VL - 9 IS - 1 SP - 74 EP - 79 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cherny, Vladimir V. A1 - Stozhkova, I. N. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Yastrebova, T. N. A1 - Sokolov, Valeri S. T1 - Modification of lipid bilayer properties due to sodium hypochlorite. II. Effect on model lipid systems T2 - Biological membranes Y1 - 1992 SN - 0233-4755 VL - 9 IS - 1 SP - 66 EP - 73 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cherny, Vladimir V. A1 - Donath, E. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Paulitchke, M. A1 - Sokolov, Valeri S. T1 - Modification of lipid bilayer properties due to sodium hypochlorite. I. Effect on red blood cell membranes T2 - Biological membranes Y1 - 1992 VL - 9 IS - 1 SP - 60 EP - 65 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Marino, Mario T1 - Introduzione T2 - DEP. Deportati, esuli, profughe. Rivista telematica di studi sulla memoria femminile Y1 - 2016 SN - 1824-4483 VL - 29 SP - 1 EP - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Noack, René A1 - Bilz, Ludwig T1 - Das sequentielle Rollenspiel für Gruppen. Eine neue Methode zum Einsatz bei Gesprächsführungsschulungen T2 - Verhaltenstherapie & psychosoziale Praxis N2 - Das Rollenspiel ist eine effektive und häufig angewandte Methode bei der Vermittlung von Gesprächsführungskompetenzen, zum Beispiel für Psychotherapeut*innen, Ärzt*innen, Berater*innen und Angehörige anderer psychosozialer Berufe. Dabei werden nach dem Simulationsprinzip verhaltensorientiert Gesprächstechniken und -strategien geübt und Rückmeldungen, zum Beispiel zur wahrgenommenen Empathie oder zur Authentizität gegeben. Beim Einsatz in größeren Gruppen können jedoch häufig nicht alle Teilnehmer*innen unter Anleitung des Seminarleiters üben. Zudem verringern gelegentlich Scham und Bewertungsangst bei Seminarteilnehmer*innen die Motivation zur Beteiligung an Rollenspielen. Mit dem sequentiellen Rollenspiel für Gruppen soll eine neue Methode für Gesprächsführungsschulungen vorgestellt werden, die auch in größeren Gruppen Teilnehmer*innen die Möglichkeit bietet, mit Hilfe des Rollenspiels Kompetenzen zu erweitern und einzuüben. Der Beitrag erläutert das genaue Vorgehen und beschreibt Anforderungen an die Seminarleiter*innen. KW - Rollenspiel KW - Gesprächsführung KW - Kommunikation KW - Psychotherapieausbildung Y1 - 2017 SN - 0721-7234 VL - 49 IS - 1 SP - 115 EP - 119 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Luis, L. A1 - Lehnen, Nadine A1 - Muñoz, E. A1 - Carvalho, M. de A1 - Schneider, Erich T1 - Anticompensatory quick eye movements after head impulses: A peripheral vestibular sign in spontaneous nystagmus T2 - Journal of Vestibular Research Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/VES-160566 SN - 0957-4271 SN - 1878-6464 VL - 25 IS - 5-6 SP - 267 EP - 271 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Luis, L. A1 - Costa, João A1 - Muñoz, E. A1 - Carvalho, M. de A1 - Carmona, S. A1 - Schneider, Erich T1 - Vestibulo-ocular reflex dynamics with head-impulses discriminates spinocerebellar ataxias types 1, 2 and 3 and Friedreich ataxia. T2 - Journal of Vestibular Research Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/VES-160579 SN - 0957-4271 SN - 1878-6464 VL - 26 IS - 3 SP - 327 EP - 334 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Keller, Jürgen A1 - Gorges, Martin A1 - Aho-Özhan, Helena Eira Anneli A1 - Carmona, S. A1 - Schneider, Erich T1 - Eye-tracking control to assess cognitive functions in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis T2 - JoVE Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3791/54634 SN - 1940-087X VL - 116 SP - e54634 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Srulijes, Karin A1 - Mack, David J. A1 - Klenk, Jochen A1 - Ihlen, Espen A. F. A1 - Schwenk, Michael A1 - Lindemann, Ulrich A1 - Schneider, Erich T1 - Association between vestibulo-ocular reflex suppression, balance, gait, and fall risk in ageing and neurodegenerative disease: protocol of a one-year prospective follow-up study. T2 - BMC Neurol Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12883-015-0447-5 SN - 1471-2377 VL - 15 SP - 192 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stozhkova, I. N. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Szito, T. T1 - Photosensitized by hematoporphyrin dimethylether damage of bilayer lipid membrane T2 - Biological membranes Y1 - 1991 SN - 0748-8653 VL - 8 IS - 4 SP - 412 EP - 418 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Cherny, Vladimir V. A1 - Sokolov, Valeri S. A1 - Markin, Vladislav S. T1 - Electrostatic assay of phospholipase A activity: an application of the second harmonic method of monitoring membrane boundary potentials T2 - Journal of Biochemical and Biophysical Methods N2 - To evaluate phospholipase A activity a new assay is suggested. This assay is based on the recording of boundary potential changes of the planar bilayer lipid membrane during enzymatic hydrolysis of lipids. To register these changes, a second harmonic method is used. Sensitivity of the assay is about 0.0002 units/ml regardless of the impurities that may be present in the samples. One analysis takes about 5 min. Y1 - 1990 SN - 0165-022X SN - 1872-857X VL - 21 IS - 4 SP - 277 EP - 284 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Stozhkova, I. N. A1 - Szito, T. T1 - Photosensitized damage of bilayer lipid membrane in the presence of hematoporphyrin dimethylether T2 - Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology. B, Biology N2 - The variations in electrical conductivity and surface tension of planar bilayer lipid membranes (BLMs) sensitized by a haematoporphyrin dimethylether (HpDME) on visible light irradiation are reported. The irradiation of BLMs immediately leads to a decrease in membrane surface tension. On irradiation the conductivity of BLMs remains constant for a certain period of time (induction time), followed by an increase, terminated by membrane breakage. The induction time is not dependent on stirring of the solution, the addition of azide or ferricyanide to the solution, the addition of antioxidant to the lipid or substitution of air for argon in the cell. The induction time decreases for repeated irradiations or for any new BLM formed in the same cell immediately after the previous membrane has been broken. The conductivity shift consists of reversible and irreversible components. These results suggest that the irradiation of BLMs sensitized by HpDME leads to an accumulation of photoproducts in the membrane which induce pore formation and to a decrease in BLM stability when the concentration of the photoproducts exceeds a critical level. Y1 - 1991 SN - 1011-1344 VL - 8 IS - 3 SP - 315 EP - 324 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Portnov, V. I. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Markin, Vladislav S. T1 - Bacteriorhodopsin: current-voltage dependence T2 - Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics N2 - Current-voltage dependences for different tentative bacteriorhodopsin models were studied in order to explain the linearity of this dependence observed in our previous experiments. It is proved that the best correspondence with experiment occurs when the passive proton transport path is assumed to contain many binding sites and the thickness of the widest barrier separating these sites is not more than 1 nm. One of the following two conditions is necessary: (1) electrostatic repulsion of protons in the channel is so strong that not more than one proton can be in the channel at a time; the potential energy of a proton in this channel decreases linearly towards the active site. (2) Electrostatic repulsion between protons in the channel is moderate, and the binding energy of a proton at all channel sites is equal. Under conditions of high channel occupation, single-file effects lead to non-linearity of the current-voltage characteristics if there is no electrostatic repulsion. Y1 - 1990 SN - 0302-4598 VL - 23 IS - 1 SP - 45 EP - 63 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cherny, Vladimir V. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Sokolov, Valeri S. A1 - Markin, Vladislav S. T1 - Determination of the phospholipase A activity T2 - Biochemistry Y1 - 1990 VL - 55 IS - 3 SP - 445 EP - 450 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stozhkova, I. N. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Simulation of photoradiation therapy: photosensitized effect of hematoporphyrin dimethylether on planar bilayer lipid membrane T2 - Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine Y1 - 1990 SN - 0007-4888 SN - 1573-8221 VL - 110 IS - 1 SP - 898 EP - 900 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Cherny, Vladimir V. A1 - Sokolov, Valeri S. A1 - Markin, Vladislav S. T1 - Electrode for determination of the phospholipase activity based on the lipid membrane T2 - Soviet electrochemistry Y1 - 1989 VL - 25 SP - 1336 EP - 1340 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cherny, Vladimir V. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Sokolov, Valeri S. A1 - Markin, Vladislav S. T1 - BLM as an enzyme-sensitive electrode: determination of the phospholipase activity T2 - Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics Y1 - 1989 SN - 0302-4598 VL - 21 IS - 3 SP - 373 EP - 378 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sokolov, Valeri S. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Toth-Boconadi, R. A1 - Markin, Vladislav S. A1 - Kesthelyi, L. T1 - Bacteriorhodopsin photocycle in decane T2 - Biological membranes Y1 - 1988 SN - 0233-4755 VL - 5 SP - 595 EP - 599 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Portnov, V. I. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Markin, Vladislav S. T1 - Current-voltage characteristic of bacteriorhodopsin T2 - Biological membranes Y1 - 1988 SN - 0233-4755 VL - 5 SP - 198 EP - 216 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sokolov, Valeri S. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Markin, Vladislav S. A1 - Kazarinov, V. E. T1 - Automatization of bioelectrochemical experiment T2 - Soviet electrochemistry Y1 - 1986 VL - 22 SP - 959 EP - 966 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Sokolov, Valeri S. A1 - Markin, Vladislav S. A1 - Chekulaeva, L. N. T1 - Bilayer lipid membrane formation from bacteriorhodopsin suspension in lipid solution T2 - Biological membranes Y1 - 1984 SN - 0233-4755 VL - 1 SP - 1143 EP - 1150 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Sokolov, Valeri S. A1 - Markin, Vladislav S. T1 - Reconstitution of bacteriorhodopsin in bilayer lipid membrane by monolayer method T2 - Soviet electrochemistry Y1 - 1984 VL - 20 SP - 876 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Sokolov, Valeri S. A1 - Melnik, E. I. A1 - Diukova, T. V. T1 - A study of incorporation of bacteriorhodopsin into bimolecular lipid membranes T2 - Biophysics Y1 - 1984 SN - 0006-3029 VL - 29 SP - 250 EP - 253 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Sokolov, Valeri S. T1 - Criteria of bacteriorhodopsin incorporation into bimolecular lipid membrane T2 - Biophysics Y1 - 1984 SN - 0006-3029 VL - 29 SP - 246 EP - 249 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Sokolov, Valeri S. A1 - Diukova, T. V. A1 - Melnik, E. I. T1 - A study of bacteriorhodopsin-containing proteoliposome incorporation into bimolecular lipid membranes T2 - Bioelectrochemistry and Bioenergetics N2 - The photoresponses of planar bimolecular lipid membranes (BLM) modified with liposomes containing bacteriorhodopsin (BR) were investigated in the presence of Ca 2+ cations. Short-circuit currents during switch-on and switch-off of the light were measured within a time scale exceeding the BR photocycle, and the dependence of the currents on external field and membrane conductance was studied. A comparison of the experimental data with computed values indicates that the photoresponses observed are due not only to BR contained in the proteoliposomes adhered to the BLM, as generally believed, but also to BR in BLM itself. The transfer of BR to BLM may result from the complete fusion of liposomes with the planar membrane. The existence of such a transfer is indicative of the possibility of obtaining the most convenient model system for BR studies: a planar bimolecular lipid membrane containing incorporated BR. Y1 - 1983 SN - 0302-4598 VL - 11 IS - 4-6 SP - 327 EP - 346 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Arvidsson, Fredrik A1 - Jonsson, Lars J. A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Geographic location, not forest type, affects the diversity of spider communities sampled with malaise traps in Sweden T2 - Annales Zoologici Fennici Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5735/086.053.0410 SN - 0003-455X SN - 1797-2450 VL - 53 IS - 3-4 SP - 215 EP - 227 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Styles, David A1 - Börjesson, Pål A1 - D'Hertefeldt, Tina A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Dauber, Jens A1 - Adams, Paul A1 - Patil, Sopan A1 - Pagella, Tim A1 - Petersson, Lars B. A1 - Peck, Philip A1 - Vaneeckhaute, Céline A1 - Rosenqvist, Håkan T1 - Climate regulation, energy provisioning and water purification: quantifying ecosystem service delivery of bioenergy willow grown on riparian buffer zones using life cycle assessment T2 - Ambio Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-016-0790-9 SN - 0044-744 SN - 1654-7209 VL - 45 IS - 8 SP - 872 EP - 884 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ekroos, Johan A1 - Ödman, Anja M. A1 - Andersson, Georg K. S. A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Herbertsson, Lina A1 - Klatt, Björn B. A1 - Olsson, Ola A1 - Persson, Anna S. A1 - Prentice, Honor C. A1 - Rundlöf, Maj A1 - Smith, Henrik G. T1 - Sparing land for biodiversity at multiple spatial scales T2 - Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2015.00145 SN - 2296-701X VL - 3 SP - 145 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mader, Viktoria A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Fiedler, Daniela A1 - Thorn, Simon A1 - Wolters, Volkmar A1 - Diehl, Eva T1 - Land-use at different spatial scales alters the functional role of web-building spiders in arthropod food webs T2 - Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2015.12.017 SN - 0167-8809 VL - 219 SP - 152 EP - 162 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hanson, Helena I. A1 - Palmu, Erkki A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Smith, Henrik G. A1 - Hedlund, Katarina T1 - Agricultural land use determines the trait composition of ground beetle communities T2 - PLoS ONE Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0146329 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 11 IS - 1 SP - e0146329 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Soliveres, Santiago A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Locally rare species influence grassland ecosystem multifunctionality T2 - Philosophical Transactions B, Biological sciences Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2015.0269 SN - 0080-4622 SN - 0962-8436 VL - 371 IS - 1694 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Diekötter, Tim A1 - Meub, Christiane A1 - Stötzel, Kathrin A1 - Wolters, Volkmar T1 - Optimizing arthropod predator conservation in permanent grasslands by considering diversity components beyond species richness T2 - Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2015.05.014 SN - 0167-8809 VL - 211 SP - 65 EP - 72 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Diehl, Eva A1 - Andersson, Jesper A1 - Ekroos, Johan A1 - Früh-Müller, Andrea A1 - Machnikowski, Franziska A1 - Mader, Viktoria A1 - Nilsson, Lovisa A1 - Sasaki, Keiko A1 - Rundlöf, Maj A1 - Wolters, Volkmar A1 - Smith, Henrik G. T1 - Ecosystem services – current challenges and opportunities for ecological research T2 - Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2014.00087 SN - 2296-701X VL - 2 SP - 35 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Luis, Leonel A1 - Zhu, Hong A1 - Costa, João A1 - Valls-Solé, Josep A1 - Brandt, Thomas A1 - Zhou, Wu A1 - Schneider, Erich T1 - Reply to the commentary on luis et al. "spontaneous plugging of the horizontal semicircular canal with reversible canal dysfunction and recovery of vestibular evoked myogenic potentials T2 - Otology & Neurotology Y1 - 2014 SN - 1531-7129 VL - 35 IS - 2 SP - 379 EP - 383 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kugler, Günter A1 - Huppert, Doreen A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Brandt, Thomas T1 - Fear of heights freezes gaze to the horizon T2 - Journal of Vestibular Research Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/VES-140529 SN - 0957-4271 SN - 1878-6464 VL - 24 IS - 5-6 SP - 433 EP - 441 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kugler, Günter A1 - Huppert, Doreen A1 - Eckl, Maria A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Brandt, Thomas T1 - Visual exploration during locomotion limited by fear of heights T2 - PLoS One Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0105906 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 9 IS - 8 SP - e105906 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jerin, Claudia A1 - Bartl, Klaus A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Gürkov, Robert T1 - Enhancing the reproducibility of ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials by use of a visual target originating from a head-mounted laser T2 - European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-014-3271-4 SN - 0937-4477 SN - 1434-4726 VL - 272 IS - 10 SP - 2737 EP - 2740 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Heuberger, Maria A1 - Sağlam, Murat A1 - Todd, Nicholas Sean A1 - Jahn, Klaus A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Lehnen, Nadine T1 - Covert anti-compensatory quick eye movements during head impulses T2 - PLoS One Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0093086 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 9 IS - 4 SP - e93086 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Helmchen, Christoph A1 - Machner, Björn A1 - Lehnen, Nadine A1 - Jahn, Klaus A1 - Schneider, Erich T1 - Current state of diagnostic management of acute vertigo: a survey of neurologists in Germany T2 - Journal of Neurology Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-014-7405-9 SN - 0340-5354 SN - 1432-1459 VL - 261 IS - 8 SP - 1638 EP - 1640 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Agrawal, Yuri A1 - Schubert, Michael C. A1 - Migliaccio, Americo A. A1 - Zee, David S. A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Lehnen, Nadine T1 - Evaluation of quantitative head impulse testing using search coils versus video-oculography in older individuals T2 - Otology & neurotology Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1097/MAO.0b013e318287f343 SN - 1537-4505 VL - 35 IS - 2 SP - 283 EP - 288 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spiegel, Rainer A1 - Kalla, R. A1 - Rettinger, N. A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Straumann, D. A1 - Marti, S. A1 - Glasauer, Stefan T1 - Head position during resting modifies spontaneous daytime decrease of downbeat nystagmus T2 - Neurology Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181feb22f SN - 0028-3878 SN - 1526-632X VL - 75 IS - 21 SP - 1928 EP - 1932 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wright, W. Geoffrey A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Glasauer, Stefan T1 - Compensatory manual motor responses while object wielding during combined linear visual and physical roll tilt stimulation T2 - Experimental Brain Research Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-008-1581-8 SN - 0014-4819 SN - 1432-1106 VL - 192 IS - 4 SP - 683 EP - 694 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Villgrattner, Thomas A1 - Vockeroth, Johannes A1 - Bartl, Klaus A1 - Kohlbecher, Stefan A1 - Bardins, Stanislav A1 - Ulbrich, Heinz A1 - Brandt, Thomas T1 - Eyeseecam: an eye movement-driven head camera for the examination of natural visual exploration T2 - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.03858.x SN - 1749-6632 VL - 1164 SP - 461 EP - 467 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Soliveres, Santiago A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Biodiversity at multiple trophic levels is needed for ecosystem multifunctionality T2 - Nature Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/nature19092 SN - 0028-0836 SN - 1476-4687 VL - 536 IS - 7617 SP - 456 EP - 459 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Bartl, Klaus A1 - Glasauer, Stefan T1 - Galvanic vestibular stimulation combines with earth-horizontal rotation in roll to induce the illusion of translation. T2 - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2008.03732.x SN - 1749-6632 VL - 1164 SP - 116 EP - 118 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Diekötter, Tim A1 - Wamser, Sabine A1 - Dörner, Tanja A1 - Wolters, Volkmar A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Organic farming affects the potential of a granivorous carabid beetle to control arable weeds at local and landscape scales T2 - Agricultural and Forest Entomology Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/afe.12150 SN - 1461-9563 VL - 18 IS - 2 SP - 167 EP - 173 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hart, Bernhard Marius 't A1 - Vockeroth, Johannes A1 - Schumann, Frank A1 - Bartl, Klaus A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - König, Peter A1 - Einhäuser, Wolfgang T1 - Gaze allocation in natural stimuli: Comparing free exploration to head-fixed viewing conditions. T2 - Visual Cognition Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/13506280902812304 SN - 1350-6285 SN - 1464-0716 VL - 17 IS - 6-7 SP - 1132 EP - 1158 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jahn, Klaus A1 - Schneider, Erich T1 - Untersuchung der vestibulären Funktion bei Schwindelpatienten T2 - Nervenheilkunde Y1 - 2012 SN - 0722-1541 VL - 31 IS - 5 SP - 370 EP - 377 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schacht, Ralph A1 - Hausdorf, Alexander A1 - Wunderle, Bernhard T1 - Feasibility and Design Study of a Frictionless Air Mover for Thermal Management of Electronics T2 - Journal of Physics: Conference Series N2 - A frictionless air mover concept will be introduced. As opposed to a piezoelectric driven fan, the air mover is based on a flexible blade whose vibration is driven by means of a magnetic field. The blade material is based on a polymer material. The paper presents the results of feasibility and an on-going comprehensive design study. The results are compared with a comparable piezoelectric fan [1, 2]. The performance of the feasibility study amounted to 65% to the piezoelectric fan. To enhance the performance, two different blade materials as well as the influence of the coil shape and value were under investigation. A further goal is to reduce the size and to investigate the influence of a cabinet. The design study results in a prototype of a size of 50 x 14 x 35 mm² incl. a cabinet. The performance could be doubled. A volume flow rate of V̊ ~14 l/min and static pressure of Ƿstat = 3 Pa could be reached. KW - firctionless cooling KW - air mover KW - miniturized fan Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/525/1/012026 SN - 1742-6596 SN - 1742-6588 VL - 525 SP - 012026 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sparr, Holger A1 - Hausdorf, Alexander A1 - Jeske, Peter A1 - Kale, Nachiket A1 - Schacht, Ralph A1 - Ziegenhorn, Matthias A1 - Zysk, Oliver T1 - ±270 VDC Aircraft Harness Structural Analysis T2 - Procedia Engineering N2 - This research focuses on the structural analysis of aircraft electrical harnesses for the 270 VDC network. A combined experimental and simulation-based approach is used, where numerical models for the harnesses are developed and experimental data are acquired for basic test cases (steady load, pendulum test, etc.) as well as for different vibration load cases. Validation of the numerical models is done using the preliminary experimental data, resulting in a mature refined model in order to simulate complex scenarios. The goal of the project is thus to develop a suite of tools that allows detailed structural analysis of the aircraft harnesses, both stand alone as well as in combination with other systems KW - ± 270 VDC KW - Aircraft electrical harness KW - Windmilling imbalance KW - Structural analysis KW - Vibration response Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2015.08.078 SN - 1877-7058 N1 - ICSI 2015, 1st International Conference on Structural Integrity Funchal, Madeira, Portugal 1st to 4th September, 2015 VL - 114 SP - 346 EP - 353 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Villgrattner, Thomas A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Andersch, Philipp A1 - Ulbrich, Heinz T1 - Compact high dynamic 3 DoF camera orientation system: Development and control T2 - Journal of System Design and Dynamics Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1299/jsdd.5.819 SN - 1881-3046 VL - 5 IS - 5 SP - 819 EP - 828 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schulz, Christian M. A1 - Skrzypczak, M. A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Hapfelmeier, Alexander A1 - Martin, J. A1 - Kochs, Eberhard F. A1 - Schneider, G. T1 - Assessment of subjective workload in an anaesthesia simulator environment: reliability and validity T2 - European Journal of Anaesthesiology Y1 - 2011 SN - 0265-0215 VL - 28 IS - 7 SP - 502 EP - 505 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schulz, Christian M. A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Fritz, L. A1 - Vockeroth, Johannes A1 - Hapfelmeier, Alexander A1 - Wasmaier, M. T1 - Eye tracking for assessment of workload: a pilot study in an anaesthesia simulator environment T2 - British journal of anaesthesia Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/bja/aeq307 SN - 1471-6771 SN - 0007-0912 VL - 106 IS - 1 SP - 44 EP - 50 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schulz, Christian M. A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Fritz, L. A1 - Vockeroth, Johannes A1 - Hapfelmeier, Alexander A1 - Brandt, Thomas T1 - Visual attention of anaesthetists during simulated critical incidents T2 - British Journal of Anaesthesia Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/bja/aer087 SN - 1471-6771 SN - 0007-0912 VL - 106 IS - 6 SP - 807 EP - 813 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rundlöf, Maj A1 - Smith, Henrik G. A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Effects of organic farming on biodiversity T2 - eLS - Wiley Online Library N2 - Changes in farming practices over the past century have had negative influence on farmland biodiversity. Organic farming excludes most agrochemicals, such as inorganic fertilisers and synthetic pesticides, and can be an alternative to conventional farming. A recent meta‐analysis indicates that there is on average 30% higher species richness on organically managed farmland compared to conventionally managed farmland. There are, however, large variation between organism groups, with a positive influence on plants and pollinators and possibly predators and birds, but less influence on and insufficient knowledge for other groups. Using more formal experimental design, focusing on understudied organism groups and aspects of biodiversity, such as genetic and ecosystem diversity, and evaluating effects on rare species would advance our knowledge. The yield reduction under organic farming, resulting in more land needed to produce the same amount, could offset some of the biodiversity benefits of organic farming. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470015902.a0026342 SP - 1 EP - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kalla, Roger A1 - Spiegel, Rainer A1 - Claassen, Jens A1 - Bardins, Stanislav A1 - Hahn, Ales A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Lehrer, Nicole A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Brandt, Thomas A1 - Strupp, Michael T1 - Comparison of 10-mg doses of 4-aminopyridine and 3,4-diaminopyridine for the treatment of downbeat nystagmus T2 - Journal of neuro-ophthalmology Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1097/WNO.0b013e3182258086 SN - 1536-5166 SN - 1070-8022 VL - 32 IS - 2 SP - 320 EP - 325 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Arvidsson, Fredrik A1 - Ehlers, D. A1 - Mader, Viktoria A1 - Bengtsson, Janne A1 - Smith, Henrik G. T1 - Landscape complexity and organic farming independently affect the biological control of hemipteran pests and yields in spring barley T2 - Landscape Ecology Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-015-0263-8 SN - 0921-2973 SN - 1572-9761 VL - 31 IS - 3 SP - 567 EP - 579 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Dietrich, Christoph A1 - John, Katharina A1 - Schorpp, Quentin A1 - Zaitsev, Andrey S. A1 - Wolters, Volkmar T1 - Regional conditions and land-use alter the contribution of soil arthropos to ecosystem services in grasslands. Frontiers in Agroecology and Land-Use Systems T2 - Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2015.00150 SN - 2296-701X VL - 3 SP - 150 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spiegel, Rainer A1 - Kalla, Roger A1 - Claassen, Jens A1 - Bardins, Stanislav A1 - Anciães da Silva, Fábio A1 - Farahmand, Parvis A1 - Hahn, Ales A1 - Schneider, Erich T1 - Aminopyridine treatment in a patient with bilateral vestibular failure and cryptogenic downbeat nystagmus T2 - Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology Y1 - 2012 SN - 1536-5166 SN - 1070-8022 VL - 32 IS - 2 SP - 190 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sereda, Elvira A1 - Wolters, Volkmar A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Addition of crop residues affects a detritus-based food chain depending on litter type and farming system T2 - Basic and Applied Ecology Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2015.07.005 SN - 1439-1791 VL - 16 IS - 8 SP - 746 EP - 754 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hines, Jes A1 - Putten, Wim H. van der A1 - Deyn, Gerlinde B. de A1 - Wagg, Cameron A1 - Voigt, Winfried A1 - Mulder, Christian A1 - Weisser, Wolfgang W. A1 - Engel, Jan A1 - Melian, Carlos A1 - Scheu, Stefan A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Ebeling, Anne A1 - Scherber, Christoph A1 - Eisenhauer, Nico T1 - Towards an integration of biodiversity-ecosystem functioning and food web theory to evaluate relationships between multiple ecosystem services T2 - Advances in Ecological Research Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.aecr.2015.09.001 SN - 0065-2504 VL - 53 SP - 161 EP - 199 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rusch, Adrien A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Bommarco, Riccardo A1 - Smith, Henrik G. A1 - Ekbom, Barbara T1 - Predator body sizes and habitat preferences predict predation rates in an agroecosystem T2 - Basic and Applied Ecology Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2015.02.003 SN - 1439-1791 VL - 16 IS - 3 SP - 250 EP - 259 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tsiafouli, Maria A1 - Thébault, Elisa A1 - Sgardelis, Stefanos P. A1 - Ruiter, Peter C. de A1 - Putten, Wim H. van der A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Hemerik, Lia A1 - Vries, Franciska T. de A1 - Bardgett, Richard D. A1 - Brady, Mark Vincent A1 - Bjornlund, Lisa A1 - Bracht Jørgensen, Helene A1 - Christensen, Sören A1 - D'Hertefeldt, Tina A1 - Hotes, Stefan A1 - Hol, W. H. Gera A1 - Frouz, Jan A1 - Liiri, Mira A1 - Mortimer, Simon R. A1 - Setälä, Heikki A1 - Tzanopoulous, Joseph A1 - Uteseny, Karoline A1 - Pižl, Václav A1 - Stary, Josef A1 - Wolters, Volkmar A1 - Hedlund, Katarina T1 - Intensive agriculture reduces soil biodiversity across Europe T2 - Global Change Biology Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12752 SN - 1365-2486 VL - 21 IS - 2 SP - 973 EP - 985 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Serbina, Liliya A1 - Burckhardt, Daniel A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Syfert, Mindy M. A1 - Halbert, Susan E. T1 - The potato pest Russelliana solanicola Tuthill (Hemiptera: Psylloidea): taxonomy and host-plant patterns T2 - Zootaxa Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4021.1.2 SN - 1175-5326 SN - 1175-5334 VL - 4021 IS - 1 SP - 33 EP - 62 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schacht, Ralph A1 - Rzepka, Sven T1 - Parametric Transient Thermo - Electrical PSPICE Model F or A Single And Dual Conductor Power Cable T2 - International Journal of Engineering Research and Development N2 - A parametric macro model for a single and dual conductor power cable for transient thermo-electrical coupled simulation in PSPICE will be derived. The article depicts the modelling of a simplified, single- and dual conductor cable and its use during simulation. Its verification against experiment and finite element simulation shows a good agreement. The derived single- and dual conductor PSPICE cable macro model enables a quick modelling at system level. It offers a time saving transient thermo-electrical simulation under various thermal conditions and cable geometries and to optimize e.g. size, weight. The approach support the engineer to overlook the thermal influences and temperatures along the power cable under real ‘thermal’ assembling conditions in an e.g. car engine room or aircraft. KW - multi conductor power cable KW - coupledelectro-thermal macro model KW - transient KW - PSPICE Y1 - 2017 UR - http://ijerd.com/paper/vol13-issue2/Version-1/G13214454.pdf UR - http://www.ijerd.com/ SN - 2278-067X SN - 2278-800X VL - 13 IS - 2 SP - 44 EP - 54 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kohlbecher, Stefan A1 - Schneider, Erich T1 - On-line classification and prediction of eye movements by multiplemodel kalman filtering T2 - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.03776.x SN - 1749-6632 VL - 1164 SP - 400 EP - 402 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Guenther, Anna L. A1 - Bartl, Klaus A1 - Nauderer, Josef A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Huesmann, Alexander A1 - Brandt, Thomas A1 - Glasauer, Stefan T1 - Modalitydependent indication of the subjective vertical during combined linear and rotational movements T2 - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.03849.x SN - 1749-6632 VL - 1164 SP - 376 EP - 379 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Einhäuser, Wolfgang A1 - Schumann, Frank A1 - Vockeroth, Johannes A1 - Bartl, Klaus A1 - Cerf, Moran A1 - Harel, Jonathan A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - König, Peter T1 - Distinct roles for eye and head movements in selecting salient image parts during natural exploration T2 - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2008.03714.x SN - 1749-6632 VL - 1164 SP - 188 EP - 193 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Einhäuser, Wolfgang A1 - Moeller, Gudrun U. A1 - Schumann, Frank A1 - Conradt, Jörg A1 - Vockeroth, Johannes A1 - Bartl, Klaus A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - König, Peter T1 - Eye-head coordination during free exploration in human and cat. T2 - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2008.03709.x SN - 1749-6632 VL - 1164 SP - 353 EP - 366 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Allan, Eric A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Inter-annual variation in land-use intensity enhances grassland multidiversity T2 - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1312213111 SN - 1091-6490 VL - 111 IS - 1 SP - 308 EP - 318 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Setälä, Heikki A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Brady, Mark Vincent A1 - Byrne, Loren B. A1 - Vries, Franciska T. de A1 - Gardi, Ciro A1 - Hotes, Stefan A1 - Hedlund, Katarina A1 - Liiri, Mira A1 - Mortimer, Simon R. A1 - Pavao-Zuckerman, Mitchell A1 - Pouyat, Richard A1 - Tsiafouli, Maria A1 - Hemerik, Lia A1 - Bardgett, Richard D. A1 - Ruiter, Peter C. de A1 - Putten, Wim H. van der T1 - Urban and agricultural soils: conflicts and trade-offs in the optimization of ecosystem services T2 - Urban Ecosystems Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11252-013-0311-6 SN - 1083-8155 SN - 1573-1642 VL - 17 IS - 1 SP - 239 EP - 253 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bartl, Klaus A1 - Lehnen, Nadine A1 - Kohlbecher, Stefan A1 - Schneider, Erich T1 - Head impulse testing using video-oculography T2 - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.03850.x SN - 1749-6632 SN - 0077-8923 VL - 1164 SP - 331 EP - 333 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Jahn, Klaus A1 - Dieterich, Marianne A1 - Brandt, Thomas A1 - Strupp, Michael T1 - Gait deviations induced by visual stimulation in roll T2 - Experimental Brain Research Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-007-1134-6 SN - 0014-4819 SN - 1432-1106 VL - 185 IS - 1 SP - 21 EP - 26 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schumann, Frank A1 - Einhäuser, Wolfgang A1 - Vockeroth, Johannes A1 - Bartl, Klaus A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - König, Peter T1 - Salient features in gaze-aligned recordings of human visual input during free exploration of natural environments T2 - Journal of Vision Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1167/8.14.12 SN - 1534-7362 VL - 8 IS - 14 SP - 1210 EP - 1217 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Grasso, Renato A1 - Ivanenko, Yuri P. T1 - Space-time relativity in self-motion reproduction T2 - Journal of Neurophysiology Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.01243.2005 SN - 0022-3077 SN - 1522-1598 VL - 97 IS - 1 SP - 451 EP - 461 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Einhäuser, Wolfgang A1 - Schumann, Frank A1 - Bardins, Stanislav A1 - Bartl, Klaus A1 - Böning, Guido A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - König, Peter T1 - Human eyehead co-ordination in natural exploration T2 - Network Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/09548980701671094 SN - 0954-898X SN - 1361-6536 VL - 18 IS - 3 SP - 267 EP - 297 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zingler, Vera C. A1 - Kryvoshey, Dmytro A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Brandt, Thomas A1 - Strupp, Michael T1 - A clinical test of otolith function: static ocular counterroll with passive head tilt. T2 - Neuroreport Y1 - 2006 SN - 0959-4965 VL - 17 IS - 6 SP - 611 EP - 615 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lehnen, Nadine A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Jahn, Klaus T1 - Klinische Untersuchungen bei Schwindel: Kopfimpulstest und dynamische Sehschärfe T2 - Neurotransmitter Y1 - 2013 SN - 2196-6397 SN - 1436-123X VL - 24 IS - 4 SP - 39 EP - 43 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Luis, Leonel A1 - Costa, João A1 - Vaz Garcia, Fernando A1 - Valls-Solé, Josep A1 - Brandt, Thomas A1 - Schneider, Erich T1 - Spontaneous plugging of the horizontal semicircular canal with reversible canal dysfunction and recovery of vestibular evoked myogenic potentials T2 - Otology & neurotology Y1 - 2013 SN - 1537-4505 SN - 0192-9763 VL - 34 IS - 4 SP - 743 EP - 747 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lehnen, Nadine A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Jahn, Klaus T1 - Do neurologists need the head impulse test? T1 - Braucht der Neurologe den Kopfimpulstest? T2 - Nervenarzt Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-013-3822-8 SN - 0028-2804 SN - 1433-0407 VL - 84 IS - 8 SP - 973 EP - 974 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kugler, Günter A1 - Huppert, Doreen A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Brandt, Thomas T1 - Wie Höhenschwindel die visuelle Exploration und den Gang beeinträchtigt T1 - How acrophobia impairs visual exploration and gait T2 - Nervenarzt Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-013-3905-6 SN - 0028-2804 SN - 1433-0407 VL - 84 IS - 10 SP - 1233 EP - 1237 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Feil, Katharina A1 - Claassen, Jens A1 - Brandins, Stanislavs A1 - Teufel, Julian A1 - Krafczyk, Siegbert A1 - Schneider, Erich T1 - Effect of chlorzoxazone in patients with downbeat nystagmus: a pilot trial T2 - Neurology Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182a55f6d SN - 0028-3878 SN - 1526-632X VL - 81 IS - 13 SP - 1152 EP - 1158 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Claassen, Jens A1 - Spiegel, Rainer A1 - Kalla, Roger A1 - Faldon, Mary A1 - Kennard, Christopher A1 - Schneider, Erich T1 - A randomised double-blind, cross-over trial of 4-aminopyridine for downbeat nystagmus–effects on slowphase eye velocity, postural stability, locomotion and symptoms T2 - Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2012-304736 SN - 0022-3050 SN - 1468-330X VL - 84 IS - 12 SP - 1392 EP - 1399 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Claassen, Jens A1 - Feil, Katharina A1 - Bardins, Stanislav A1 - Teufel, Julian A1 - Spiegel, Rainer A1 - Kalla, Roger A1 - Schneider, Erich T1 - Dalfampridine in patients with downbeat nystagmus–an observational study T2 - Journal of Neurology Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-013-6911-5 SN - 0340-5354 SN - 1432-1459 VL - 260 IS - 8 SP - 1992 EP - 1996 ER - TY - GEN A1 - König, Claus A1 - Schlammer, Janine A1 - Schmidt, Jörg T1 - Die strafrechtliche Produkthaftung des Berechnungsingenieurs T2 - Bautechnik KW - Berechnungsingenieur KW - Risiko KW - Strafrecht KW - Produkthaftung Y1 - 2016 SN - 1437-0999 VL - 93 IS - 9 SP - 647 EP - 652 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Ekroos, Johan A1 - Corlett, E. B. A1 - Smith, Henrik G. T1 - Winners and losers of organic cereal farming in animal communities across Central and Northern Europe T2 - Biological Conservation Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2014.04.014 SN - 0006-3207 VL - 175 SP - 25 EP - 33 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Wolters, Volkmar A1 - Diekötter, Tim T1 - Grassy margins along organically managed cereal fields foster trait diversity and taxonomic distinctness of arthropod communities T2 - Insect Conservation and Diversity Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/icad.12051 SN - 1752-4598 VL - 7 IS - 3 SP - 274 EP - 287 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Bird, Tharina A1 - Bilde, Trine A1 - Lubin, Yael T1 - Spatial patterns of social spider colonies in Namibia reflect habitat features and dispersal modes T2 - Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/0035919X.2014.941044 SN - 0035-919X SN - 2154-0098 VL - 69 IS - 3 SP - 157 EP - 163 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Ekroos, Johan A1 - Smith, Henrik G. T1 - Effects of maize on the diversity of arthropod predators and its value as a resource for arthropod fauna T2 - Nordic Association of Agricultural Science Report Y1 - 2014 SN - 1653-2015 VL - 10 SP - 55 EP - 56 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sereda, Elvira A1 - Blick, Theo A1 - Dorow, Wolfgang H. O. A1 - Wolters, Volkmar A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Assessing spider diversity on the forest floor: expert knowledge beats a regular sampling design T2 - The Journal of Arachnology Y1 - 2014 UR - http://www.jstor.org/stable/24365280 SN - 1937-2396 SN - 0161-8202 VL - 42 IS - 1 SP - 44 EP - 51 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Diekötter, Tim A1 - Wamser, Sabine A1 - Wolters, Volkmar A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Corrigendum to "Landscape and management effects on structure and function of soil arthropod communities in winter wheat" T2 - Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2014.02.006 SN - 0167-8809 VL - 184 IS - 182 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rusch, Adrien A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Bommarco, Riccardo A1 - Smith, Henrik G. A1 - Ekbom, Barbara T1 - Management intensity at field and landscape levels affects the taxonomic and functional structure of generalist predator communities T2 - Oecologia Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-014-2949-z SN - 0029-854 SN - 1432-1939 VL - 175 IS - 3 SP - 971 EP - 983 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Effiom, Edu O. A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Smith, Henrik G. A1 - Olsson, Ola T1 - Changes of community composition at multiple trophic levels due to hunting in Nigerian tropical forests T2 - Ecography Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0587.2013.00359.x SN - 1600-0587 VL - 37 IS - 4 SP - 367 EP - 377 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Williams, Alwyn A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Hedlund, Katarina T1 - Above- and below-ground interactions with agricultural management: effects of soil microbial communities on barley and aphids T2 - Pedobiologia Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedobi.2014.01.004 SN - 0031-4056 VL - 57 IS - 2 SP - 67 EP - 74 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rader, Romina A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Schmucki, Reto A1 - Smith, Henrik G. A1 - Stjernman, Martin A1 - Lindborg, Regina T1 - Organic farming and heterogeneous landscapes positively affect different measures of plant diversity T2 - Journal of applied ecology Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12344 SN - 1365-2664 VL - 51 IS - 6 SP - 1544 EP - 1553 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Gulyaev, Roman A1 - Zak, Andrzej A1 - Ratzke, Markus A1 - Naveed, Muhammad A1 - Dudzinski, Wlodzimierz A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Chemical and Morphological Characterization of Magnetron Sputtered at Different Bias Voltages Cr-Al-C Coatings T2 - Materials N2 - MAX phases (M = transition metal, A = A-group element, and X = C/N) are of special interest because they possess a unique combination of the advantages of both metals and ceramics. Most attention is attracted to the ternary carbide Cr2AlC because of its excellent high-temperature oxidation, as well as hot corrosion resistance. Despite lots of publications, up to now the influence of bias voltage on the chemical bonding structure, surface morphology, and mechanical properties of the film is still not well understood. In the current study, Cr-Al-C films were deposited on silicon wafers (100) and Inconel 718 super alloy by dc magnetron sputtering with different substrate bias voltages and investigated using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), and nanoindentation. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) was used to analyze the correlation between the growth of the films and the coating microstructure. The XPS results confirm the presence of Cr2AlC MAX phase due to a negative shift of 0.6–0.9 eV of the Al2p to pure aluminum carbide peak. The XRD results reveal the presence of Cr2AlC MAX Phase and carbide phases, as well as intermetallic AlCr2. The film thickness decreases from 8.95 to 6.98 µm with increasing bias voltage. The coatings deposited at 90 V exhibit the lowest roughness (33 nm) and granular size (76 nm) combined with the highest hardness (15.9 GPa). The ratio of Al carbide to carbide-like carbon state changes from 0.12 to 0.22 and correlates with the mechanical properties of the coatings. TEM confirms the columnar structure, with a nanocrystalline substructure, of the films. KW - XPS KW - AFM KW - MAX phase KW - TEM KW - chemical bonding KW - surface morphology Y1 - 2017 UR - http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/10/2/156/htm U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10020156 SN - 1996-1944 VL - 10 IS - 2 SP - 156 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Gulyaev, Roman A1 - Ratzke, Markus A1 - Volinsky, Alex A. A1 - Bolz, Sebastian A1 - Naveed, Muhammad A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - XPS and AFM Investigations of Ti-Al-N Coatings Fabricated Using DC Magnetron Sputtering at Various Nitrogen Flow Rates and Deposition Temperatures T2 - Metals N2 - Ti-Al-N coatings were deposited by direct current magnetron sputtering (DCMS) onto IN 718 at different nitrogen flow rates and deposition temperatures. The coatings’ properties were characterized using atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) as well as nanoindentation. It was found that higher deposition temperature leads to higher surface roughness and nitrogen flux influences the shape of grains. According to XPS, the bonding structure of all coatings exhibited the (Ti,Al)N phase. Mechanical properties depend on the Al content within the films. The coating with the best mechanical properties (deposited at 500 °C and 20 standard cubic centimeters per minute (sccm)) was further deposited onto tungsten carbide (WC) cutting tools for cylindrical turning experiments. A quasi-constant flank wear was observed until a machining volume of 23,500 mm³. KW - Ti-Al-N coatings KW - DC magnetron sputtering KW - XPS KW - AFM KW - nitrogen flow rate KW - surface morphology Y1 - 2017 UR - http://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/7/2/52/htm U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/met7020052 SN - 2075-4701 VL - 7 IS - 2 SP - 52 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Homfeldt, Felix A1 - Rese, Alexandra A1 - Brenner, Hanno A1 - Baier, Daniel A1 - Schäfer, Fabio T1 - Identification and Generation of Innovative Ideas in the Procurement of the Automotive Industry: The Case of AUDI AG T2 - International Journal of Innovation Management Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1142/S1363919617500530 SN - 1363-9196 SN - 1757-5877 N1 - Artikel-Nr. 1750053 VL - 21 IS - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Koltsova, Tatiana S. A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Hybrid Composite Materials Aluminum-Carbon Nanostructures T2 - Materials science medziagotyra Y1 - 2015 SN - 1392-1320 SN - 2029–7289 VL - 21 IS - 3 SP - 372 EP - 375 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Koltsova, Tatiana S. A1 - Tolochko, Oleg V. A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Effect of hot pressing modes on the structure and properties of an aluminum-carbon nanofibers’ composite material T2 - Metal Science and Heat Treatment Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11041-015-9793-6 SN - 0026-0673 SN - 1573-897 VL - 56 IS - 9–10 SP - 525 EP - 530 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rese, Alexandra A1 - Baier, Daniel A1 - Geyer-Schulz, Andreas A1 - Schreiber, Stefanie T1 - How augmented reality apps are accepted by consumers: a comparative analysis using scales and opinions T2 - Technological Forecasting and Social Change N2 - Increasingly, retailers rely on interactive technologies to improve consumers' shopping experiences. On the one side, interactive kiosks and smart mirrors make use of dedicated devices and software to explain, configure, and recommend products. On the other side, computer programs – so-called apps – are installed on the consumer's own device for the same purpose. They can be used at home, or – if installed on a mobile device – in retail outlets or on the move. In all cases, augmented reality (AR) can support these purposes by placing virtual content (e.g. newfurniture) in a real environment (the consumer's home). The overall perception and acceptance toward such interactive technologies are discussed in this paper. Users' perceptions and experiences are measured by applying a modified technology acceptance model (TAM). Four experiments, two with marker-based and two with markerless AR apps are presented to support the generalization of the results, the measurement models and the measurement approach. The results are satisfactory with regard to the robustness of the TAM model. However, the relative importance of hedonic (enjoyment, pleasure, fun) and utilitarian (information) aspects varies for different kinds of AR apps and has to be considered for improvement to occur. From a measurement point of view the acquiescence bias has to be dealt with when developing scale items. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2016.10.010 SN - 0040-1625 VL - 124 SP - 306 EP - 319 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kutschke, Anke A1 - Rese, Alexandra A1 - Baier, Daniel T1 - The Effects of Locational Factors on the Performance of Innovation Networks in the German Energy Sector T2 - Sustainability N2 - Locational factors, like the quantity and quality of skilled labour, demanding customers, competitors, supporting industries, and research institutions, are assumed to have an influence on the competitiveness of a region and the performance of the regional actors. However, few studies focus on this topic from an innovation network perspective in the energy sector. Our study tries to close this gap: a sample of 128 German innovation networks of companies and research institutes in the energy sector is used to analyse the effects of locational factors on the performance (effectiveness) of innovation projects. Based on the distinctions in Porter’s Diamond Model, we find that two locational factors—the quality and quantity of the demand conditions and skilled labour—have positive effects. In contrast to the widespread assumption in the literature we could not find evidence for positive impacts on the quality and quantity of the competitive environment. In fact, the effect on performance was negative. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/su8121281 SN - 2071-1050 VL - 8 IS - 12 SP - 1281 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rese, Alexandra A1 - Kutschke, Anke A1 - Baier, Daniel T1 - Analyzing the relative influence of supply side, demand side and regulatory factors on the success of collaborative energy innovation projects T2 - International Journal of Innovation Management N2 - The analysis of the importance of supply side and demand side factors with regard to innovative behavior is quite old. In this paper, these two categories are used to distinguish and examine the relevance of several success factors for collaborative innovation projects on the firm level in the German energy sector. The literature emphasizes that solving environmental problems requires extensive technological change. On the other hand, due to higher prices the market push is weaker. Regulatory factors are therefore designed to stimulate environmental innovations. The relative influence of these three categories on project performance is investigated on the basis of a sample of 128 German collaborative energy innovation projects in the development phase using a scale-based approach and structural equation modeling at the firm level. The results confirm the importance of supply side factors followed by demand side factors. In contrast to literary assumptions, R&D subsidies played no significant role. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1142/S1363919616500298 SN - 1363-9196 SN - 1757-5877 VL - 20 IS - 2 SP - 1650029 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jahn, Klaus A1 - Naeßl, Andrea A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Strupp, Michael A1 - Brandt, Thomas A1 - Dieterich, Marianne T1 - Inverse u-shaped curve for age dependency of torsional eye movement responses to galvanic vestibular stimulation T2 - Brain Y1 - 2003 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awg163 SN - 1460-2156 SN - 0006-8950 VL - 126 IS - 7 SP - 1579 EP - 1589 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jahn, Klaus A1 - Naeßl, Andrea A1 - Strupp, Michael A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Brandt, Thomas A1 - Dieterich, Marianne T1 - Torsional eye movement responses to monaural and binaural galvanic vestibular stimulation: side-to-side asymmetries. T2 - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Y1 - 2003 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb00265.x SN - 0077-8923 SN - 1749-6632 VL - 1004 SP - 485 EP - 489 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Dieterich, Marianne T1 - Comparison of human ocular torsion patterns during natural and galvanic vestibular stimulation T2 - Journal of Neurophysiology Y1 - 2002 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.00558.2001 SN - 0022-3077 SN - 1522-1598 VL - 87 IS - 4 SP - 2064 EP - 2073 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hayashi, Yujiro A1 - Kanzaki, Jin A1 - Etho, Norihito A1 - Higashino, Kazutaka A1 - Goto, Fumiyuki A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Kunihiro, Takanobu T1 - Three-dimensional analysis of nystagmus in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. new insights into its pathophysiology T2 - Journal of Neurology Y1 - 2002 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-002-0905-z SN - 0340-5354 SN - 1432-1459 VL - 249 IS - 12 SP - 1683 EP - 1688 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jahn, Klaus A1 - Strupp, Michael A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Dieterich, Marianne A1 - Brandt, Thomas T1 - Visually induced gait deviations during different locomotion speeds T2 - Experimental Brain Research Y1 - 2001 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s002210100884 SN - 0014-4819 SN - 1432-1106 VL - 141 IS - 3 SP - 370 EP - 374 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Dieterich, Marianne T1 - Central processing of human ocular torsion analyzed by galvanic vestibular stimulation T2 - Neuroreport Y1 - 2000 SN - 0959-4965 SN - 1473-558X VL - 11 IS - 7 SP - 1559 EP - 1563 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jahn, Klaus A1 - Strupp, Michael A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Dieterich, Marianne A1 - Brandt, Thomas T1 - Differential effects of vestibular stimulation on walking and running T2 - Neuroreport Y1 - 2000 SN - 1473-558X SN - 0959-4965 VL - 11 IS - 8 SP - 1745 EP - 1748 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Marino, Mario T1 - «Einer der Menschen, über welche die Stimmen wohl immer getheilt … seyn werden ». Note sul Savonarola di Johann Gottfried Herder T2 - Historia Philosophica. An International Journal N2 - The present paper focuses on the article about Savonarola published by Herder in Wieland’s « Teutscher Merkur » in 1777. While the first part discusses, largely from a critical perspective, the few insufficient or inaccurate scholarly contributions on this subject since 1877, the second part analyses Herder’s text against the background of his philosophy of history, particularly focusing on the years of Bückeburg. Issues at stake will be Bayle’s account of Savonarola’s political activities as a crucial source for Herder, Herder’s interpretation of the political situation in Florence, the trial of Savonarola and his final execution. This approach will result in a new understanding of the conditions underlying the formation of historical judgment as well as of the political, historical and cultural definition of modernity and its values. Y1 - 2016 SN - 1724-6121 VL - 14 SP - 127 EP - 135 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Launert, Benjamin A1 - Kannengießer, Thomas A1 - Rhode, Michael T1 - Advanced Residual Stress Assessment of Plate Girders Through Welding Simulation T2 - Procedia Engineering N2 - This article provides an impression on potentials in applying nowadays welding simulation tools in construction design. This is carried out exemplary on plate girders from two structural steel grades. The calculated residual stresses are compared with measurements by sectioning method. It has been repeatedly stated that present Eurocode models fail to approximate the residual stresses. Especially for high strength steel (HSS) only limited information is available on realistic occurring residual stresses in typical I-girders. The investigations are aimed to give further guidance on these values. A few proposals on advanced models are discussed. KW - Residual stresses KW - Plate girders KW - I-shape sections KW - High-strength steel KW - Welding simulation KW - Advanced models Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.02.013 SN - 1877-7058 VL - 172 SP - 23 EP - 30 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stephan, Thomas A1 - Deutschländer, Angela A1 - Nolte, Annina A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Wiesmann, Martin A1 - Brandt, Thomas A1 - Dieterich, Marianne T1 - Functional mri of galvanic vestibular stimulation with alternating currents at different frequencies T2 - Neuroimage Y1 - 2005 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2005.02.049 SN - 1053-8119 VL - 26 IS - 3 SP - 721 EP - 732 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Jahn, Klaus A1 - Strupp, Michael T1 - How the eyes move the body T2 - Neurology Y1 - 2005 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000175132.01370.fc SN - 0028-3878 SN - 1526-632X VL - 65 IS - 8 SP - 1291 EP - 1293 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bartl, Klaus A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Glasauer, Stefan T1 - Dependence of the torsional vestibulo-ocular reflex on the direction of gravity T2 - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Y1 - 2005 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1325.043 SN - 1749-6632 VL - 1039 SP - 455 EP - 458 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mafael, Alexander A1 - Gottschalk, Sabrina A. A1 - Kreis, Henning T1 - Examining Biased Assimilation of Brand-related Online Reviews T2 - Journal of Interactive Marketing KW - Biased assimilation KW - eWOM KW - Online reviews KW - Moderated mediation KW - Branding Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intmar.2016.06.002 SN - 1094-9968 VL - 36 SP - 91 EP - 106 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Prediction of the Properties of Heat-Affected Zone of Welded Joints of Sheets from Aluminum Alloys with Structured Surface T2 - Metal Science and Heat Treatment Y1 - 2016 SN - 0026-0673 SN - 1573-8973 VL - 58 IS - 1-2 SP - 46 EP - 50 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Karkhin, Victor A. A1 - Garkov, Sergey Vladimirovich A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Calculation of thermal processes in welding thick plates with moving axisymmetric heat sources T2 - Welding International Y1 - 2016 SN - 0950-7116 SN - 1754-2138 VL - 30 IS - 9 SP - 708 EP - 711 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schleuß, Leander A1 - Richter, Thomas A1 - Ossenbrink, Ralf A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Plasma Cutting of Structured Sheet Metals in Comparison with Laser Beam Cutting T2 - Journal of Materials Science and Engineering Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6221/2015.3-4.004 SN - 2161-6221 VL - 5 IS - 3-4 SP - 135 EP - 144 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Brusch, Ines A1 - Lober, Virginia T1 - B-to-B-Marketing im Zeitalter von Industrie 4.0 T2 - Marketing Review St. Gallen Y1 - 2016 SN - 1865-6544 SN - 1865-7516 VL - 33 IS - 4 SP - 56 EP - 62 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Daniel, Ines A1 - Frost, Sarah A1 - Baier, Daniel T1 - Market Segmentation Using Color Information of Images T2 - International Journal of Electronic Commerce Studies Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.7903/ijecs.1400 SN - 2073-9729 VL - 6 IS - 1 SP - 137 EP - 144 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Brandt, Thomas A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Schneider, Erich T1 - A third eye for the surgeon T2 - Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.2005.073734 SN - 0022-3050 SN - 1468-330X VL - 77 IS - 2 SP - 278 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Albrecht, Eike A1 - Goebelbecker, Joel T1 - Nano gegen REACH - Klassisches Stoffverständnis zu größeninduzierten Eigenschaften - Geltungs- und Haftungsfragen T2 - Zeitschrift für Stoffrecht Y1 - 2017 SN - 1613-3919 VL - 14 IS - 1 SP - 2 EP - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kolkovsky, Vladimir A1 - Stübner, R. A1 - Langa, Sergiu A1 - Wende, U. A1 - Kaiser, Bert A1 - Conrad, Holger A1 - Schenk, Harald T1 - Influence of annealing in H atmosphere on the electrical properties of Al₃O₃ layers grown on p-type Si by the atomic layer deposition technique T2 - Solid-State Electronics Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sse.2016.06.005 SN - 0038-1101 VL - 123 SP - 89 EP - 95 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Conrad, Holger A1 - Kaiser, Bert A1 - Gaudet, Matthieu A1 - Langa, Sergiu A1 - Stolz, Michael A1 - Uhlig, Sebastian A1 - Schimmanz, Klaus A1 - Schenk, Harald T1 - A novel electrostatic actuator class T2 - Procedia Engineering Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2016.11.454 SN - 1877-7058 VL - 168 SP - 1533 EP - 1536 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Dieterich, Marianne A1 - Kalla, Roger A1 - Brandt, Thomas T1 - Diagnosis of vestibular imbalance in the blink of an eye T2 - Neurology Y1 - 2004 SN - 0028-3878 SN - 1526-632X VL - 63 IS - 7 SP - 1209 EP - 1216 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nowak, Dennis A. A1 - Hermsdörfer, Joachim A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Glasauer, Stefan T1 - Moving objects in a rotating environment rapid prediction of coriolis and centrifugal force perturbations T2 - Experimental Brain Research Y1 - 2004 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-004-1839-8 SN - 0014-4819 SN - 1432-1106 VL - 157 IS - 2 SP - 241 EP - 254 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Brandt, Thomas A1 - Dieterich, Marianne T1 - Nonlinear nystagmus processing causes torsional vor nonlinearity T2 - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Y1 - 2003 SN - 1749-6632 VL - 1004 SP - 500 EP - 505 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Strupp, Michael A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Jahn, Klaus A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Krafczyk, Siegbert A1 - Brandt, Thomas T1 - Eye movements and balance T2 - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Y1 - 2003 SN - 1749-6632 VL - 1004 SP - 352 EP - 358 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Strupp, Michael A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Eggert, Thomas A1 - Glaser, Miriam T1 - Anterior canal failure: ocular torsion without perceptual tilt due to preserved otolith function T2 - Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry Y1 - 2003 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.74.9.1336 SN - 1468-330X SN - 0022-3050 VL - 74 IS - 9 SP - 1336 EP - 1338 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Asche, Moritz A1 - Kreis, Henning T1 - Apps as Crucial Value Components and their Impact on the Customer Experience T2 - Marketing Review St. Gallen Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1365/s11621-014-0402-7 SN - 1865-6544 SN - 1865-7516 VL - 31 IS - 5 SP - 42 EP - 51 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kreis, Henning A1 - Mafael, Alexander T1 - The influence of customer loyalty program design on the relationship between customer motives and value perception T2 - Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services KW - Customer loyalty programs KW - Customer value KW - Customer motives Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2014.04.006 SN - 0969-6989 VL - 21 IS - 4 SP - 590 EP - 600 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herm, Steffen A1 - Callsen-Bracker, Hans-Markus A1 - Kreis, Henning T1 - When the Crowd Evaluates Soccer Players’ Market Values: Accuracy and Evaluation Attributes of an Online Community T2 - Sport Management Review KW - Crowd valuation KW - Market value KW - Human capital KW - Professional athletes KW - Soccer Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smr.2013.12.006 SN - 1441-3523 VL - 17 IS - 4 SP - 484 EP - 492 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kreis, Henning A1 - Gottschalk, Sabrina A. T1 - Relating eWOM Motives to eWOM Channel Choice – Why do We Post Where We Do? T2 - sbr-Schmalenbach Business Review KW - Electronic Word-of-Mouth (eWOM) KW - eWOM Channels KW - eWOM Channel Choice KW - Uses and Gratifications Y1 - 2015 SN - 1439-2917 SN - 2194-072X VL - 67 IS - 4 SP - 406 EP - 429 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fernández-Pato, Javier A1 - Caviedes-Voullième, Daniel A1 - García-Navarro, Pilar T1 - Rainfall/runoff simulation with 2D full shallow water equations: Sensitivity analysis and calibration of infiltration parameters T2 - Journal of Hydrology N2 - One of the most difficult issues in the development of hydrologic models is to find a rigorous source of data and specific parameters to a given problem, on a given location that enable reliable calibration. In this paper, a distributed and physically based model (2D Shallow Water Equations) is used for surface flow and runoff calculations in combination with two infiltration laws (Horton and Green–Ampt) for estimating infiltration in a watershed. This technique offers the capability of assigning a local and timedependent infiltration rate to each computational cell depending on the available surface water, soil type or vegetation. We investigate how the calibration of parameters is affected by transient distributed Shallow Water model and the complexity of the problem. In the first part of this work, we calibrate the infiltration parameters for both Horton and Green–Ampt models under flat ponded soil conditions. Then, by means of synthetic test cases, we perform a space-distributed sensitivity analysis in order to show that this calibration can be significantly affected by the introduction of topography or rainfall. In the second part, parameter calibration for a real catchment is addressed by comparing the numerical simulations with two different sets of experimental data, corresponding to very different events in terms of the rainfall volume. We show that the initial conditions of the catchment and the rainfall pattern have a special relevance in the quality of the adjustment. Hence, it is shown that the topography of the catchment and the storm characteristics affect the calibration of infiltration parameters. KW - Finite volumes KW - Shallow-water equations KW - Hydrologic modeling KW - Infiltration models KW - Rain-runoff generation Y1 - 2016 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.03.021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.03.021 SN - 0022-1694 VL - 536 SP - 496 EP - 513 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Steinert, Christian A1 - Wälder, Olga A1 - Bothe, Jacqueline T1 - Best Practice: Synergien aus Präsenz- und digitaler Lehre in der hochschulischen Mathematikausbildung T2 - Mitteilungen der Gesellschaft für Didaktik der Mathematik N2 - Die Entwicklung der Präsenz- und digitalen Lehre sowie ein mögliches hybrides Konzept werden in diesem Artikel erläutert. Weiterhin wird auf die aktuellen medialen Bedürfnisse der Studierenden eingegangen. Y1 - 2017 SN - 0722-7817 VL - 102 SP - 12 EP - 14 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Leo T1 - Cradle of the Space Age or Site of Nazi Horror? Understanding and Communicating the Former Rocket Site of Peenemünde T2 - International journal of military history and historiography Y1 - 2016 SN - 2468-3299 VL - 36 SP - 202 EP - 209 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tarnawska, Lidia Lupina A1 - Zöllner, Marvin Hartwig A1 - Niermann, T. A1 - Dietrich, Burkhart A1 - Capellini, Giovanni A1 - Thapa, Sarad A1 - Häberlen, Maik A1 - Lehmann, M. A1 - Storck, Peter A1 - Schröder, Thomas T1 - Zero Lattice Mismatch and Truly Single Crystalline ScN Buffer Layers for GaN Growth on Silicon T2 - Applied Physics Letters Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4935856 SN - 1077-3118 SN - 0003-6951 VL - 107 IS - 20 SP - 201907 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Richard, Marie-Ingrid A1 - Zöllner, Marvin Hartwig A1 - Chahine, Gilbert A. A1 - Zaumseil, Peter A1 - Capellini, Giovanni A1 - Häberlen, Maik A1 - Storck, Peter A1 - Schülli, Tobias U. A1 - Schröder, Thomas T1 - Structural Mapping of Functional Ge Layers Grown on Graded SiGe Buffers for sub-10 nm CMOS Applications Using Advanced X-ray Nano-Diffraction T2 - ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5b08645 SN - 1944-8244 SN - 1944-8252 VL - 7 IS - 48 SP - 26696 EP - 26700 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Virgilio, Michele A1 - Schröder, Thomas A1 - Yamamoto, Yuji A1 - Capellini, Giovanni T1 - Radiative and non-radiative recombinations in tensile strained Ge microstrips: Photoluminescence experiments and modeling T2 - Journal of Applied Physics Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4938026 SN - 1089-7550 SN - 0021-8979 VL - 118 IS - 23 SP - 233110 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mezher, Michelle A1 - Garris, Rebekah A1 - Mansfield, Lorelle M. A1 - Blum, Monika A1 - Hauschild, Dirk A1 - Horsley, Kimberly A1 - Duncan, Douglas A. A1 - Yang, Wooyong A1 - Bär, Marcus A1 - Weinhardt, Lothar A1 - Ramanathan, Kannan A1 - Heske, Clemens T1 - Soft x-ray spectroscopy of a complex heterojunction in high-efficiency thin-film photovoltaics: Intermixing and Zn speciation at the Zn(O,S)/Cu(In,Ga)Se2 interface T2 - ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b09245 SN - 1944-8244 VL - 8 IS - 48 SP - 33256 EP - 33263 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cao, Jie A1 - Jafta, Charl J. A1 - Gong, Jiang A1 - Ran, Qidi A1 - Lin, Xianzhong A1 - Duarte, Roberto Felix A1 - Wilks, Regan G. A1 - Bär, Marcus A1 - Yuan, Jiayin A1 - Ballauff, Matthias A1 - Lu, Yan T1 - Synthesis of Dispersible Mesoporous Nitrogen-Doped Hollow Carbon Nanoplates with Uniform Hexagonal Morphologies for Supercapacitors T2 - ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b08946 SN - 1944-8244 SN - 1944-8252 VL - 8 IS - 43 SP - 29628 EP - 29636 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liao, Xiaxia A1 - Jeong, Ahreum A1 - Wilks, Regan G. A1 - Wiesner, Sven A1 - Rusu, Marin A1 - Bär, Marcus T1 - X-ray irradiation induced effects on the chemical and electronic properties of MoO3 thin films T2 - Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elspec.2016.08.004 SN - 0368-2048 VL - 212 SP - 50 EP - 55 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pfrommer, Johannes A1 - Azapira, Anahita A1 - Steigert, Alexander A1 - Olech, Katarzyna A1 - Menezes, Prashanth W. A1 - Duarte, Roberto Félix A1 - Liao, Xiaxia A1 - Wilks, Regan G. A1 - Bär, Marcus A1 - Schedel-Niedrig, Thomas A1 - Driess, Matthias T1 - Superiorly active and long-term stable nickel-based electrocatalysts for water oxidation in alkaline media based on the ZnO:Ni system T2 - ChemCatChem Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cctc.201600922 SN - 1867-3899 VL - 9 IS - 4 SP - 672 EP - 676 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wippler, David A1 - Wilks, Regan G. A1 - Pieters, Bart E. A1 - Albada, Sacha Jennifer van A1 - Gerlach, Dominic A1 - Hüpkes, Jürgen A1 - Bär, Marcus A1 - Rau, Uwe T1 - Pronounced surface band bending of thin-film silicon revealed by modeling core levels probed with hard x-rays T2 - ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b04666 SN - 1944-8252 SN - 1944-8244 VL - 8 IS - 27 SP - 17685 EP - 17693 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Handick, Evelyn A1 - Reinhard, Patrick A1 - Alsmeier, Jan Hendrik A1 - Köhler, Leonard A1 - Pianezzi, Fabian A1 - Krause, Stefan A1 - Gorgoi, Mihaela A1 - Ikenaga, Eiji A1 - Koch, Norbert A1 - Wilks, Regan G. A1 - Bücheler, Stephan A1 - Tiwari, Ayodhya N. A1 - Bähr, Marcus T1 - Potassium postdeposition treatment-induced band gap widening at Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ surfaces − Reason for performance leap? T2 - ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5b09231 SN - 1944-8244 SN - 1944-8252 VL - 7 IS - 49 SP - 27414 EP - 27420 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nikitin, Alexander A1 - Schleuß, Leander A1 - Ossenbrink, Ralf A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Corrosion Behavior of Brazed Zinc-Coated Structured Sheet Metal T2 - International Journal of Corrosion Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/4768505 SN - 1687-9333 SN - 1687-9325 VL - 2017 SP - 4768505 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Smirnov, V. A1 - Lambertz, Andreas A1 - Moll, S. A1 - Bär, Marcus A1 - Starr, David E. A1 - Wilks, Regan G. A1 - Gorgoi, Mihaela A1 - Heidt, A. A1 - Luysberg, Martina A1 - Holländer, B. A1 - Finger, F. T1 - Doped microcrystalline silicon oxide alloys for silicon-based photovoltaics: Optoelectronic properties, chemical composition, and structure studied by advanced characterization techniques T2 - Physica Status Solidi: A - Applications and Materials Science Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.201533022 SN - 1862-6319 SN - 1521-396X VL - 213 IS - 7 SP - 1814 EP - 1820 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weinhardt, Lothar A1 - Fuchs, Oliver A1 - Fischer, André A1 - Weigand, Markus A1 - Meyer, Frank A1 - Benkert, Andreas A1 - Blum, Monika A1 - Bär, Marcus A1 - Pookpanratana, Sujitra A1 - Denlinger, Jonathan D. A1 - Heske, Clemens A1 - Umbach, Eberhard T1 - Site- and Symmetry-resolved Resonant X-ray Emission Study of a Highly-ordered PTCDA Thin Film T2 - The Journal of Physical Chemistry: C Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b12422 SN - 1932-7447 SN - 1932-7455 VL - 120 IS - 16 SP - 8607 EP - 8615 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mezher, Michelle A1 - Garris, Rebekah A1 - Mansfield, Lorelle M. A1 - Horsley, Kimberly A1 - Weinhardt, Lothar A1 - Duncan, Douglas A. A1 - Blum, Monika A1 - Rosenberg, Samantha G. A1 - Bär, Marcus A1 - Ramanathan, Kannan A1 - Heske, Clemens T1 - Electronic structure of the Zn(O,S)/Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ thin-film solar cell interface T2 - Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pip.2764 SN - 1099-159X VL - 24 IS - 8 SP - 1142 EP - 1148 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Benkert, Andreas A1 - Meyer, Frank A1 - Hauschild, Dirk A1 - Blum, Monika A1 - Yang, Wooyong A1 - Wilks, Regan G. A1 - Bär, Marcus A1 - Reinert, Friedrich A1 - Heske, Clemens A1 - Weinhardt, Lothar T1 - Isotope Effects in the Resonant Inelastic Soft X-ray Scattering Maps of Gas-Phase Methanol T2 - The Journal of Physical Chemistry: A Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpca.6b02636 SN - 1089-5639 SN - 1520-5215 VL - 120 IS - 14 SP - 2260 EP - 2267 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zang, Yufeng A1 - Lin, Nanying A1 - Li, Yaping A1 - Wang, Xiadon A1 - Kang, Junyong A1 - Wilks, Regan G. A1 - Bär, Marcus A1 - Mu, Rui T1 - The isotype ZnO/SiC heterojunction prepared by molecular beam epitaxy – A chemical inert interface with significant band discontinuities T2 - Scientific reports Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/srep23106 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 6 SP - 23106 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jäckle, Sara A1 - Liebhaber, Martin A1 - Niederhausen, Jens A1 - Büchele, Matthias A1 - Duarte, Roberto Felix A1 - Wilks, Regan G. A1 - Bär, Marcus A1 - Lips, Klaus A1 - Christiansen, Silke T1 - Unveiling the Hybrid n-Si/PEDOT:PSS Interface T2 - ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b01596 SN - 1944-8244 SN - 1944-8252 VL - 8 IS - 13 SP - 8841 EP - 8848 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Eriksson, Susanna K. A1 - Hahlin, Maria A1 - Axnanda, Stephanus A1 - Crumlin, Ethan J. A1 - Wilks, Regan G. A1 - Odelius, Michael A1 - Eriksson, Anna I. K. A1 - Liu, Zhi A1 - Åhlund, John A1 - Hagfeldt, Anders A1 - Starr, David E. A1 - Bär, Marcus A1 - Rensmo, Håkan A1 - Siegbahn, Hans T1 - In-situ probing of H₂O effects on a Ru-complex adsorbed on TiO₂ using ambient pressure photoelectron spectroscopy T2 - Topics in Catalysis Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11244-015-0533-3 SN - 1022-5528 SN - 1572-9028 VL - 59 IS - 5 SP - 583 EP - 590 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bär, Marcus A1 - Barreau, Nicolas A1 - Couzinié-Devy, François A1 - Weinhardt, Lothar A1 - Wilks, Regan G. A1 - Kessler, John A1 - Heske, Clemens T1 - Impact of annealing-induced intermixing on the electronic level alignment at the In₂S₃/Cu(In,Ga)Se₂ thin-film solar cell interface T2 - ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5b10614 SN - 1944-8244 SN - 1944-8252 VL - 8 IS - 3 SP - 2120 EP - 2124 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schnellenbach, Jan T1 - Kollektiver Verbraucherschutz und Finanzmarktwächter: eine ordnungspolitische Diskussion aktueller Entwicklungen beim finanziellen Verbraucherschutz T2 - List-Forum für Wirtschafts- und Finanzpolitik Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s41025-017-0053-y SN - 0937-0862 SN - 2364-3943 VL - 42 IS - 4 SP - 365 EP - 394 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Niu, Gang A1 - Capellini, Giovanni A1 - Lupina, Grzegorz A1 - Niermann, Tore A1 - Salvalaglio, Marco A1 - Marzegalli, Anna A1 - Schubert, Markus Andreas A1 - Zaumseil, Peter A1 - Krause, Hans-Michael A1 - Skibitzki, Oliver A1 - Lehmann, Michael A1 - Montalenti, Francesco A1 - Xie, Ya-Hong A1 - Schröder, Thomas T1 - Photodetection in hybrid single layer graphene/fully coherent Ge island nanostructures selectively grown on Si nano-tip patterns T2 - ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces Y1 - 2016 SN - 1944-8252 VL - 8 IS - 3 SP - 2017 EP - 2026 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Peschka, Dirk A1 - Thomas, Marita A1 - Glitzky, Annegret A1 - Nürnberg, Reiner A1 - Virgilio, Michele A1 - Guha, Subhajit A1 - Schröder, Thomas A1 - Capellini, Giovanni A1 - Koprucki, Thomas T1 - Robustness analysis of a device concept for edge-emitting lasers based on strained Germanium T2 - Optical and Quantum Electronics Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-016-0394-4 SN - 1572-817X VL - 48 IS - 2, Article 156 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zaumseil, Peter A1 - Schubert, Markus Andreas A1 - Yamamoto, Yuji A1 - Skibitzki, Oliver A1 - Capellini, Giovanni A1 - Schröder, Thomas T1 - Misfit dislocation-free epitaxial growth of SiGe on compliant nanostructured Silicon T2 - Solid State Phenomena Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/SSP.242.402 SN - 1662-9779 SN - 0377-6883 VL - 242 SP - 402 EP - 407 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Taoka, Noriyuki A1 - Capellini, Giovanni A1 - Driesch, Nils von den A1 - Buca, Dan A1 - Zaumseil, Peter A1 - Schubert, Markus Andreas A1 - Klesse, Wolfgang Matthias A1 - Montanari, Michele A1 - Schröder, Thomas T1 - Sn Migration Control at High Temperature Due to High Deposition Speed for Forming High Quality GeSn Layer T2 - Applied Physics Express Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.7567/APEX.9.031201 SN - 1882-0786 SN - 1882-0778 VL - 9 IS - 3 SP - 031201 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Niu, Gang A1 - Capellini, Giovanni A1 - Schubert, Markus Andreas A1 - Niermann, Tore A1 - Zaumseil, Peter A1 - Katzer, Jens A1 - Krause, Hans-Michael A1 - Skibitzki, Oliver A1 - Lehmann, Michael A1 - Xie, Ya-Hong A1 - Känel, Hans von A1 - Schröder, Thomas T1 - Dislocation-free Ge nano-crystals via pattern dependent selective Ge heteroepitaxy on Si nano-tip wafers T2 - Scientific Reports Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/srep22709 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 6 SP - 22709 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Niu, Gang A1 - Calka, Pauline A1 - Walczyk, Christian A1 - Guha, Subhajit A1 - Fraschke, Mirko A1 - Fröhlich, K. A1 - Hamoumou, Philippe A1 - Gautier, Brice A1 - Alff, Lambert A1 - Schröder, Thomas T1 - Geometric conductive filament confinement by nanotips for resistive switching of HfO₂-RAM devices with high performance T2 - Scientific Reports Y1 - 2016 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 6 IS - 25757 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ewert, Moritz A1 - Schmidt, Thomas A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo A1 - Heidmann, Inga A1 - Grzela, Tomasz A1 - Klesse, Wolfgang Matthias A1 - Förster, M. A1 - Aballe, Lucia A1 - Schröder, Thomas T1 - Morphology and Chemical Composition of Co Germanide islands on Ge(001): in-situ nanoscale insights into contact formation for Ge-based device technology T2 - Nanotechnology Y1 - 2016 SN - 1361-6528 SN - 0957-4484 VL - 27 IS - 32 SP - 325705 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Sang Mo A1 - Mazet, Lucie A1 - Okatan, M. Baris A1 - Jesse, Stephen A1 - Niu, Gang A1 - Schroeder, Thomas A1 - Schamm-Chardon, Sylvie A1 - Dubourdieu, Catherine A1 - Baddorf, Arthur P. A1 - Kalinin, Sergei V. T1 - Decoupling indirect topographic cross-talk in band excitation piezoresponse force microscopy imaging and spectroscopy T2 - Applied Physics Letters Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4954276 SN - 1077-3118 VL - 108 IS - 25 SP - 252902 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Engelhard, M. A1 - Klemp, C. A1 - Behringer, M. A1 - Rudolph, A. A1 - Skibitzki, Oliver A1 - Zaumseil, Peter A1 - Schröder, Thomas T1 - Characterization of reclaimed GaAs substrates and investigation of reuse for thin film InGaAlP LED epitaxial growth T2 - Journal of Applied Physics Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4955333 SN - 1089-7550 SN - 0021-8979 VL - 120 IS - 4 SP - 045301 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dabrowski, Jarek Marek A1 - Lippert, Gunther A1 - Avila, J. A1 - Baringhaus, Jens A1 - Colambo, I. A1 - Dedkov, Yu. S. A1 - Herziger, Felix A1 - Lupina, Grzegorz A1 - Maultzsch, J. A1 - Schaffus, T. A1 - Schröder, Thomas A1 - Sowinska, Małgorzata A1 - Tegenkamp, Christoph A1 - Vignaud, D. A1 - Asensio, Maria Carmen T1 - Understanding the growth mechanism of graphene on Ge/Si(001) surfaces T2 - Scientific Reports Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/srep31639 SN - 2045-2322 IS - 6 SP - Art. 31639 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Niu, Gang A1 - Capellini, Giovanni A1 - Hatami, Fariba A1 - Bartolomeo, Antonio di A1 - Niermann, Tore A1 - Hameed, Hussein Emad A1 - Schubert, Markus Andreas A1 - Krause, Hans-Michael A1 - Zaumseil, Peter A1 - Skibitzki, Oliver A1 - Masselink, William T. A1 - Lehmann, Michael A1 - Xie, Ya-Hong A1 - Schröder, Thomas T1 - Selective Epitaxy of InP on Si and Rectification in Graphene/InP/Si Hybrid Structure T2 - ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b09592 SN - 1944-8244 SN - 1944-8252 VL - 8 IS - 40 SP - 26948 EP - 26955 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sharat, S. U. A1 - Joseph, Merin A1 - Vogel, Stefan A1 - Hildebrandt, E. A1 - Komissinskiy, P. A1 - Kurian, J. A1 - Schröder, Thomas A1 - Alff, Lambert T1 - Impact of Oxygen stoichiometry on electroforming and multiple switching modes in TiN/TaOₓ/Pt based ReRAM T2 - Applied Physics Letters Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4965872 SN - 1077-3118 SN - 0003-6951 VL - 109 IS - 17 SP - 173503 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Skibitzki, Oliver A1 - Capellini, Giovanni A1 - Yamamoto, Yuji A1 - Zaumseil, Peter A1 - Schubert, Markus Andreas A1 - Schröder, Thomas A1 - Ballabio, Andrea A1 - Bergamaschini, Roberto A1 - Salvalaglio, Marco A1 - Miglio, Leo A1 - Montalenti, Francesco T1 - RP-CVD growth of isolated Ge crystals and suspended layers on micrometric Si pillars T2 - ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b07694 SN - 1944-8244 SN - 1944-8252 VL - 8 IS - 39 SP - 26374 EP - 26380 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weinhardt, Lothar A1 - Ertan, Emelie A1 - Iannuzzi, Marcella A1 - Weigand, Markus A1 - Fuchs, Oliver A1 - Bär, Marcus A1 - Blum, Monika A1 - Denlinger, Jonathan D. A1 - Yang, Wooyong A1 - Umbach, Eberhard A1 - Odelius, Michael A1 - Heske, Clemens T1 - Probing hydrogen bonding orbitals: resonant inelastic soft X-ray scattering of aqueous NH₃ T2 - Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/C5CP04898B SN - 1463-9084 SN - 1463-9076 VL - 17 IS - 40 SP - 27145 EP - 27153 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Duncan, Douglas A. A1 - Kephart, Jason M. A1 - Horsley, Kimberly A1 - Blum, Monika A1 - Mezher, Michelle A1 - Weinhardt, Lothar A1 - Häming, Marc A1 - Wilks, Regan G. A1 - Hofmann, Timo A1 - Yang, Wanli A1 - Bär, Marcus A1 - Sampath, Walajabad S. A1 - Heske, Clemens T1 - Characterization of sulfur bonding in CdS:O buffer layers for CdTe-based thin-film solar cells T2 - ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5b03503 SN - 1944-8244 SN - 1944-8252 VL - 7 IS - 30 SP - 16382 EP - 16386 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mu, Rui A1 - Steigert, Alexander A1 - Lin, Nanying A1 - Wilks, Regan G. A1 - Bär, Marcus A1 - Zhang, Yufeng T1 - The chemical structure of the ZnO/SiC heterointerface as revealed by electron spectroscopies T2 - Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/48/30/305304 SN - 1361-6463 VL - 48 IS - 30 SP - 305304 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sadoughi, Golnaz A1 - Starr, David E. A1 - Handick, Evelyn A1 - Stranks, Samuel D. A1 - Gorgoi, Mihaela A1 - Wilks, Regan G. A1 - Bär, Marcus A1 - Snaith, Henry J. T1 - Observation and mediation of the presence of metallic lead in organic-inorganic perovskite films T2 - ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5b02237 SN - 1944-8244 SN - 1944-8252 VL - 7 IS - 24 SP - 13440 EP - 13444 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hauschild, Dirk A1 - Meyer, Frank A1 - Benkert, Andreas A1 - Kreikemeyer-Lorenzo, Dagmar A1 - Pohlner, Stephan A1 - Palm, Jörg A1 - Blum, Monika A1 - Yang, Wanli A1 - Wilks, Regan G. A1 - Bär, Marcus A1 - Heske, Clemens A1 - Weinhardt, Lothar A1 - Reinert, Friedrich T1 - Annealing-induced effects on the chemical structure of the In₂S₃/CuIn(S,Se)₂ thin-film solar cell interface T2 - The Journal of Physical Chemistry: C, Nanomaterials and interfaces Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b01622 SN - 1932-7447 SN - 1932-7455 VL - 119 IS - 19 SP - 10412 EP - 10416 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Starr, David E. A1 - Sadoughi, Golnaz A1 - Handick, Evelyn A1 - Wilks, Regan G. A1 - Alsmeier, Jan Hendrik A1 - Köhler, Leonard A1 - Gorgoi, Mihaela A1 - Snaith, Henry J. A1 - Bär, Marcus T1 - Direct observation of an inhomogeneous chlorine distribution in CH3NH3PbI3-xClx layers: surface depletion and interface enrichment T2 - Energy & Environmental Science Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/C5EE00403A SN - 1754-5692 SN - 1754-5706 VL - 8 IS - 5 SP - 1609 EP - 1615 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hages, Charles J. A1 - Levcenco, Sergej A1 - Miskin, Caleb K. A1 - Alsmeier, Jan Hendrik A1 - Abou-Ras, Daniel A1 - Wilks, Regan G. A1 - Bär, Marcus A1 - Unold, Thomas A1 - Agrawal, Rakesh T1 - Improved performance of Ge-alloyed CZTGeSSe thin-film solar cells through control of elemental losses T2 - Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pip.2442 SN - 1099-159X VL - 23 IS - 3 SP - 376 EP - 384 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kade, S. A1 - Herzog, Natalie A1 - Schmidtke, Kai-Uwe A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner T1 - Chronic ethanol treatment depletes glutathione regeneration capacity in hepatoma cell line HepG2 T2 - Journal of Cellular Biotechnology Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/JCB-15019 SN - 2352-3697 SN - 2352-3689 VL - 1 IS - 2 SP - 183 EP - 190 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herzog, Natalie A1 - Hansen, Max A1 - Miethbauer, Sebastian A1 - Schmidtke, Kai-Uwe A1 - Anderer, Ursula A1 - Lupp, Amelie A1 - Sperling, Sebastian A1 - Seehofer, Daniel A1 - Damm, Georg A1 - Scheibner, Katrin A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner T1 - Primary like human hepatocytes genetically engineered to obtain proliferation competence display liver biotransformation activity in 2D and 3D culture systems T2 - Cell Biology International Y1 - 2016 SN - 1095-8355 SN - 1065-6995 VL - 40 IS - 3 SP - 341 EP - 353 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sana, Prabha A1 - Tetzner, Henriette A1 - Dabrowski, Jarek Marek A1 - Tarnawska, Lidia Lupina A1 - Costina, Ioan A1 - Thapa, Sarad A1 - Storck, Peter A1 - Schröder, Thomas A1 - Zöllner, Marvin Hartwig T1 - Growth of ScN(111) on Sc₂O₃ (111) for GaN integration on Si(111): Experiment and ab initio calculations T2 - Journal of Applied Physics Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4963826 SN - 1089-7550 SN - 0021-8979 VL - 120 SP - 135103 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schlykow, Viktoria A1 - Klesse, Wolfgang Matthias A1 - Niu, Gang A1 - Taoka, Noriyuki A1 - Yamamoto, Yuji A1 - Skibitzki, Oliver A1 - Barget, M. R. A1 - Zaumseil, Peter A1 - Känel, Hans von A1 - Schubert, Markus Andreas A1 - Capellini, Giovanni A1 - Schroeder, Thomas T1 - Selective growth of fully relaxed GeSn nano-islands by nanoheteroepitaxy on patterned Si(001) T2 - Applied Physics Letters Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4967500 SN - 1077-3118 VL - 109 IS - 20 SP - 202102 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bartolomeo, Antonio di A1 - Passacantando, Maurizio A1 - Niu, Gang A1 - Schlykow, Viktoria A1 - Lupina, Grzegorz A1 - Giubileo, Filippo A1 - Schröder, Thomas T1 - Observation of field emission from GeSn nanoparticles epitaxially grown on silicon nanotip arrays T2 - Nanotechnology Y1 - 2016 SN - 1361-6528 SN - 0957-4484 VL - 27 IS - 48 SP - 485707 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lukosius, Mindaugas A1 - Lippert, Gunther A1 - Dabrowski, Jarek Marek A1 - Kitzmann, Julia A1 - Lisker, Marco A1 - Kulse, Philipp A1 - Krüger, Andreas A1 - Fursenko, Oksana A1 - Costina, Ioan A1 - Trusch, Andreas A1 - Yamamoto, Yuji A1 - Wolff, Andre A1 - Mai, Andreas A1 - Schröder, Thomas T1 - Graphene Synthesis and Processing on Ge Substrates T2 - ECS transactions Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1149/07508.0533ecst SN - 1938-6737 SN - 1938-5862 VL - 75 IS - 8 SP - 533 EP - 540 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lukosius, Mindaugas A1 - Dabrowski, Jarek Marek A1 - Lisker, Marco A1 - Kitzmann, Julia A1 - Schulze, Sebastian A1 - Lippert, Gunther A1 - Fursenko, Oksana A1 - Yamamoto, Yuji A1 - Schubert, Markus Andreas A1 - Krause, Hans-Michael A1 - Wolff, Andre A1 - Mai, A. A1 - Schröder, Thomas A1 - Lupina, Grzegorz T1 - Metal-free, CVD Graphene synthesis on 200 mm Ge / Si(001) substrates T2 - ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b11397 SN - 1944-8244 SN - 1944-8252 VL - 8 IS - 49 SP - 33786 EP - 33793 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grzela, Tomasz A1 - Capellini, Giovanni A1 - Koczorowski, Wojciech A1 - Schubert, Markus Andreas A1 - Czajka, Ryszard A1 - Curson, Neil J. A1 - Heidmann, Inga A1 - Schmidt, Thomas A1 - Falta, Jens A1 - Schröder, Thomas T1 - Growth and evolution of nickel – germanide nanonstructures on Ge(001) T2 - Nanotechnology Y1 - 2015 SN - 1361-6528 SN - 0957-4484 VL - 26 IS - 38 SP - 385701 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kuschel, Olga A1 - Dieck, Florian A1 - Wilkens, Henrik A1 - Gevers, Sebastian A1 - Rodewald, Jari A1 - Otte, Christian A1 - Zöllner, Marvin Hartwig A1 - Niu, Gang A1 - Schröder, Thomas A1 - Wollschläger, Joachim T1 - Plasma Enhanced Complete Oxidtation of Ultrathin Epitaxial Praseodymia Films on Si(111) T2 - Materials Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ma8095312 SN - 1996-1944 VL - 8 IS - 9 SP - 6379 EP - 6390 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Niu, Gang A1 - Zöllner, Marvin Hartwig A1 - Schröder, Thomas A1 - Schäfer, Andreas A1 - Jhang, Jin-Hao A1 - Zielasek, Volkmar A1 - Bäumer, Marcus A1 - Wilkens, Henrik A1 - Wollschläger, Joachim A1 - Olbrich, Reinhard A1 - Lammers, Christian A1 - Reichling, Michael T1 - Controlling the physics and chemistry of binary and ternary praseodymium and cerium oxide systems T2 - Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/C5CP02283E SN - 1463-9084 SN - 1463-9076 VL - 17 IS - 38 SP - 24513 EP - 24540 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Pu A1 - Xia, Ming A1 - Liang, Owen A1 - Sun, Ke A1 - Cipriano, Aaron F. A1 - Schröder, Thomas A1 - Liu, Huinan A1 - Xie, Ya-Hong T1 - Label-free Neurotransmitter SERS Detection by Graphene-Gold Nanopyramid Heterostructure T2 - Analytical Chemistry Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.5b01560 SN - 0003-2700 SN - 1520-6882 VL - 87 IS - 20 SP - 10255 EP - 10261 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bartolomeo, Antonio di A1 - Giubileo, Filippo A1 - Romeo, Francesco A1 - Sabatino, Paolo A1 - Carapella, Giovanni A1 - Iemmo, Laura A1 - Schröder, Thomas A1 - Lupina, Grzegorz T1 - Graphene field effect transistors with Niobium contacts and asymmetric transfer characteristics T2 - Nanotechnology Y1 - 2015 SN - 1361-6528 SN - 0957-4484 VL - 26 IS - 47 SP - 475202 ER - TY - GEN A1 - George, Sandra A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Schröder, Christian A1 - Knaut, Michael A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner T1 - Development of multiplex PCR systems for expression profiling of human cardiomyocytes induced to profilerate by lentivirus transduction of upcyte genes T2 - Journal of Cellular Biotechnology Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/JCB-15025 SN - 2352-3697 SN - 2352-3689 VL - 2 IS - 1 SP - 35 EP - 55 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meyer, Ralph G. A1 - Meyer-Ficca, Mirella A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner T1 - Adenoviral vectors for modulation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP1) - dependent DNA repair as a predictive tool for chemotherapy T2 - Journal of Cellular Biotechnology Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/JCB-15026 SN - 2352-3697 SN - 2352-3689 VL - 2 IS - 1 SP - 57 EP - 68 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herzog, Natalie A1 - Katzenberger, Nadine A1 - Martin, Frank A1 - Schmidtke, Kai-Uwe A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner T1 - Generation of cytochrome P450 3A4-overexpressing HepG2 cell clones for standardization of hepatocellular testosterone 6β-hydroxylation activity T2 - Journal of Cellular Biotechnology Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/JCB-15002 SN - 2352-3697 SN - 2352-3689 VL - 1 IS - 1 SP - 15 EP - 26 ER - TY - GEN A1 - George, Sandra A1 - Noack, M. A1 - Vanek, Monika A1 - Rentzsch, J. A1 - Röber, Nadja A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Conrad, Karsten A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner T1 - Expression of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits in HEp-2 cells for immunodetection of autoantibody specificities in sera fro Myasthenia gravis patients T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-151999 SN - 1875-8622 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 61 IS - 2 SP - 385 EP - 396 ER - TY - GEN A1 - George, Sandra A1 - Paulick, Silvia A1 - Knütter, Ilka A1 - Röber, Nadja A1 - Hiemann, Rico A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Conrad, Karsten A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner T1 - Stable Expression of Human Muscle-Specific Kinase in HEp-2 M4 Cells for Automatic Immunofluorescence Diagnostics of Myasthenia Gravis T2 - PLOS one Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0083924 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 9 IS - 1 SP - e83924 ER - TY - GEN A1 - George, Sandra A1 - Georgi, M. A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Conrad, Karsten A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner T1 - A strategy for cell-based multiplex diagnostics of Myasthenia gravis and autoimmune encephalitis by modifying the subcellular localization of cell membrane autoantigensgravis T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-141897 SN - 1386-0291 SN - 1875-8622 VL - 58 IS - 1 SP - 211 EP - 228 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Efremenko, Yulia A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Virtual sensor array consisting of a single sensor element with variable affinity: an application for analysis of fish freshness T2 - Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical N2 - Recently reported concept of electrical control of sensor affinity was applied for formation of a virtual sensor array based on the single sensing element. Affinity properties of this element were modulated by electrically controlled conversion of chemosensitive material between its different redox states possessing different affinity. The sensor was realized on the basis of electrochemical chemotransistor in which a low temperature ionic liquid containing chloride was used to connect the chemosensitive material to the Ag/AgCl reference electrode. The concept of virtual array was proved by its application for monitoring of fish headspace. Using three characteristics of the sensor response measured at three different redox states of the same sensor material, we have obtained signals from a virtual sensor array consisting of nine chemosensitive elements. The sensor displays systematic changes of its nine signals during fish degradation and allows us to make quantitative analysis of its freshness defined as the after the catch. The level of detection is far below the level of organoleptic detection. KW - Chemical sensor KW - Sensor arrays KW - Affinity KW - Chemotransistor KW - Conductometric sensor KW - Conducting polymer KW - Fish freshness Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2016.10.126 SN - 0925-4005 VL - 241 SP - 652 EP - 657 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shishkanova, Tatiana V. A1 - Havlik, Martin A1 - Král, Vladimír A1 - Kopecký, Dušan A1 - Matějka, Pavel A1 - Dendisová, Marcela A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Amino-substituted Tröger’s base: electrochemical polymerization and characterization of the polymer film T2 - Electrochimica Acta N2 - The amino-substituted coumarin derivative of Tröger’s base (CTB) was electrochemically polymerized on the surface of gold electrodes. The obtained polymer films were characterized by SEM, Raman spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry and in-situ conductometry. Spectroscopic analysis indicates that the polymerization of CTB takes place via oxidation of the aniline fragment of CTB molecule, similar to the polymerization of aniline. The similarity of the polymer backbone to that of the polyaniline is also confirmed by the influence of potential on the film’s conductivity, however the conductivity of the new material is in principle lower than that of polyaniline. SEM shows that the polymer forms a thin layer with a thickness of ~ 100 nm. Possible applications of the new material as an artificial receptor for aromatic analytes containing carboxy-group are proposed. KW - electrochemical polymerization KW - polymer film KW - polymeric Tröger’s base KW - nitrogen heterocycle KW - spectroscopic characterization Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2016.12.061 SN - 0013-4686 VL - 224 SP - 439 EP - 445 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nizamov, Shavkat A1 - Scherbahn, Vitali A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Ionic referencing in surface plasmon microscopy: visualization of the difference in surface properties of patterned monomolecular layers T2 - Analytical Chemistry N2 - An approach for visualization of patterned monomolecular layers in surface plasmon microscopy (SPM) is suggested. The development of hidden image in SPM is achieved by referencing of images obtained in the presence of electrolytes with a high molar refraction of either anions or cations. A formation of diffuse layer near the charged surface areas leads to the redistribution of ions. The ratio of SPM images allows one to visualize this redistribution and to distinguish surface areas with different properties. The approach is unobtrusive and robust; it can be used with most SPR imaging instruments. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.7b00251 SN - 0003-2700 SN - 1520-6882 VL - 89 IS - 7 SP - 3873 EP - 3878 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schöneich, Michael A1 - Hohmann, Andrea A1 - Schmidt, Peer A1 - Pielnhofer, Florian A1 - Bachhuber, Frederik A1 - Weihrich, Richard A1 - Osters, Oliver A1 - Köpf, Marianne A1 - Nilges, Tom T1 - Element allotropes and polyanion compounds of pnicogenes and chalcogenes: stability, mechanisms of formation, controlled synthesis and characterization T2 - Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials N2 - The application of the EnPhaSyn (theoretical Energy diagrams, experimental Phase formation, Synthesis and characterisation) concept is reviewed with respect to prediction of structures and stability of element allotropes and compound polymorphs, their phase formation and transition processes, and their directed synthesis, respectively. Therein, the relative energetical stability (En) of target compounds and possible decomposition are determined from quantum chemical DFT calculations. Phase formation and transition (Pha) is probed by a gas balance method, developed as high temperature gas balance concept. It helped to study the synthesis and stability range of several compounds experimentally. Applications of the concept and synthesis principles (Syn) of non-equilibrium phases are presented for allotropes of P, As, P1-xAsx, as well as binary and ternary compounds including the Zintl and Laves like phases IrPTe, NiP2, CoSbS, NiBiSe, Li0.2CdP2, Cu3CdCuP10, and Cd4Cu7As. KW - Arsenic KW - Phosporus KW - DFT KW - energy diagram KW - polymorph structure Y1 - 2017 UR - https://www.degruyter.com/view/j/zkri.ahead-of-print/zkri-2016-1966/zkri-2016-1966.xml U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/zkri-2016-1966 SN - 2194-4946 VL - 232 IS - 1-3 SP - 91 EP - 105 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zeugner, Alexander A1 - Kaiser, Martin A1 - Schmidt, Peer A1 - Menshchikova, Tatiana V. A1 - Rusinov, Igor P. A1 - Markelov, Anton V. A1 - Van den Broek, Wouter A1 - Chulkov, Evgueni V. A1 - Doert, Thomas A1 - Ruck, Michael A1 - Isaeva, Anna T1 - Modular Design with 2D Topological-Insulator Building Blocks: Optimized Synthesis and Crystal Growth and Crystal and Electronic Structures of BiₓTeI (x = 2, 3) T2 - Chemistry of Materials N2 - Structural engineering of topological bulk materials is systematically explored with regard to the incorporation of the buckled bismuth layer [Bi₂], which is a 2D topological insulator per se, into the layered BiTeI host structure. The previously known bismuth telluride iodides, BiTeI and Bi₂TeI, offer physical properties relevant for spintronics. Herewith a new cousin, Bi₃TeI (sp.gr. R3m, a = 440.12(2) pm, c = 3223.1(2) pm), joins the ranks and expands this structural family. Bi₃TeI = [Bi₂][BiTeI] represents a stack with strictly alternating building blocks. Conditions for reproducible synthesis and crystal-growth of Bi₂TeI and Bi₃TeI are ascertained, thus yielding platelet-like crystals on the millimeter size scale and enabling direct measurements. The crystal structures of Bi₂TeI and Bi₃TeI are examined by X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy. DFT calculations predict metallic properties of Bi₃TeI and an unconventional surface state residing on various surface terminations. This state emerges as a result of complex hybridization of atomic states due to their strong intermixing. Our study does not support the existence of new stacking variants BiₓTeI with x > 3; instead, it indicates a possible homogeneity range of Bi₃TeI. The series BiTeI–Bi₂TeI–Bi₃TeI illustrates the influence of structural modifications on topological properties. KW - Crytal growth KW - Topological insulator KW - Crystal structure KW - Electronic structure KW - Bismuth layered compounds Y1 - 2017 UR - http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b05038 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b05038 SN - 0897-4756 SN - 1520-5002 VL - 29 IS - 3 SP - 1321 EP - 1337 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Noack, Thomas A1 - Helke, Steffen A1 - Karbe, Thomas T1 - Reuse-Based Test Traceability: Automatic Linking of Test Cases and Requirements T2 - International Journal on Advances in Software N2 - Safety standards demand full requirement traceability, which includes a complete tracing between requirements and test cases to stipulate how a requirement has to be verified. However,implementing such a concept rigorously is time-consuming and costly. Furthermore, in the automotive industry this cost is repeatedly incurred for each vehicle series, because in contrast to other development artefacts, reuse strategies for trace links have not yet been sufficiently researched. This paper presents the novel approach of Reuse-based Test Traceability, which allows for a more cost-effective implementation of trace links in certain cases. First, we identify and formalize a scenario, the so called RT-Problem, for reusing trace links between test cases and reused requirements, which has been observed in industry practice. Next, based on this formalization we propose a 3-layered method, which automatically creates links between test cases and reused requirements. For reasons of practicality, we focus on the first layer, which represents a transitive test-link reuse. Finally, we present the results of two field studies demonstrating that our approach is feasible in practice. As the main contribution of this work we show that the automated reuse of test cases on the basis of reused requirements is both possible and useful. KW - Reuse KW - Requirements KW - Test cases KW - Traceability Y1 - 2014 UR - https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283666947_Reuse-Based_Test_Traceability_Automatic_Linking_of_Test_Cases_and_Requirements SN - 1942-2628 VL - 7 IS - 3-4 SP - 469 EP - 485 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rietig, Anja A1 - Acker, Jörg T1 - Development and validation of a new method for the precise and accurate determination of trace elements in silicon by ICP-OES in high silicon matrices T2 - Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry N2 - A new method for the accurate and precise determination of impurities in silicon was developed and statistically validated. Particular attention was paid to the correct determination of the non-metals boron and phosphorus. Instead a time-consuming open vessel digestion under mild conditions, the dissolution of silicon took place in a microwave-assisted high-pressure system. The essential innovation of the presented method is the direct use of the concentrated digestion solution for ICP-OES measurements. This approach avoids the commonly used, time-consuming method that requires the removal of silicon and acid matrix by volatilisation, which is the most critical step in the determination of boron; however, the ICP-OES measurement in such high silicon matrices requires an entirely new optimisation of the measuring conditions, including the careful selection of emission lines with respect to selectivity and, spectral and non-spectral inferences. For quantification of the impurities contents, the methods of matrix matching (MMC) and multiple standard addition (MSA) were used. After optimisation of the spike concentrations for MSA, the qualities of both methods were compared through a statistical analysis. For the metallic impurities Al, Mg, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, and Zr and P, the validation was performed against certified reference materials (IPT134, IPT135, NIST57b). To validate boron, 9 silicon samples with different contents of boron from three interlaboratory comparisons were used. The new procedure allows for the determination of the impurities of 4N-silicon (12 elements). KW - impurities KW - inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy KW - silicon KW - microwave-assisted digestion KW - high silicon matrix KW - multiple standard addition KW - boron KW - phosphorus Y1 - 2017 UR - http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2017/ja/c6ja00241b#!divAbstract U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/C6JA00241B VL - 32 IS - 2 SP - 322 EP - 333 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spindler, Mario A1 - Herold, Steven A1 - Acker, Jörg A1 - Brachmann, Erik A1 - Oswald, Steffen A1 - Menzel, Siegfried A1 - Rane, Gerd T1 - Chemical etching of Tungsten thin films for high-temperature surface acoustic wave-based sensor devices T2 - Thin Solid Films N2 - Surface acoustic wave devices are widely used as wireless sensors in different application fields. Recent developments aimed to utilize those devices as temperature sensors even in the high temperature range (T > N 300 degrees C) and in harsh environmental conditions. Therefore, conventional materials, which are used for the substrate and for the interdigital transducer finger electrodes such as multilayers or alloys based on Al or Cu have to be exchanged by materials, which fulfill some important criteria regarding temperature related effects. Electron beam evaporation as a standard fabrication method is not well applicable for depositing high temperature stable electrode materials because of their very high melting points. Magnetron sputtering is an alternative deposition process but is also not applicable for lift-off structuring without any further improvement of the structuring process. Due to a relatively high Ar gas pressure of about 10(-1) Pa, the sidewalls of the photoresist line structures are also covered by the metallization, which subsequently prevents a successful lift-off process. In this study, we investigate the chemical etching of thin tungsten films as an intermediate step between magnetron sputtering deposition of thin tungsten finger electrodes and the lift-off process to remove sidewall covering for a successful patterning process of interdigital transducers. KW - SAW devices KW - Tungsten electrodes KW - Magnetron sputtering KW - Wet-chemical etching KW - Lift-off structuring Y1 - 2016 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004060901630116X U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2016.04.035 VL - 612 SP - 322 EP - 326 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Acker, Jörg A1 - Bücker, Stefan A1 - Hoffmann, Volker T1 - Impact of the chemical form of different fluorine sources on the formation of AlF molecules in a C2H2/N2O flame T2 - Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry N2 - The formation of diatomic AlF molecules was studied in a C2H2/N2O flame by means of a high-resolution continuum source flame absorption spectrometer using different fluorine containing compounds HF, H2SiF6, HBF4 and CF3COOH as fluorine sources. The fragmentation of these fluorine sources, as well the resulting impact on the AlF molecule formation, was derived from flame height distribution studies of the atomic and molecular species Al, AlO, Si, SiO, SiF, B and BF as a function of the fluorine concentration, the molar Al : F ratio and the burner gas composition. As a consequence, the used fluorine sources HF, H2SiF6, HBF4 and CF3COOH have been divided into two major groups. The first group of fluorine sources, covering HF, H2SiF6 and HBF4, decomposes during the drying of the aerosol under the formation of AlF3, which is the dominating species for the transport of aluminium into the flame. Its decomposition into AlF results in a high sensitivity of AlF molecular absorption at low flame observation heights. The second group of fluorine sources is exemplarily given by CF3COOH. In the upper parts of the flame the cleavage of the very stable C–F bond proceeds incompletely so that the sensitivity of the AlF molecular absorption is considerably lower than that for the other fluorine sources. In consequence, the AlF molecules are formed by the reaction between the fluorine atoms and the aluminium atoms, which are transported into the flame without the aid of fluorine, presumably via oxidic and/or carbidic species. The present investigations show that the sensitivity of the AlF molecular absorption and the pathway of AlF formation depend on the chemical form of the fluorine in the studied samples. KW - flame molecular absorption spectrometry KW - diatomic molecule KW - aluminum monofluoride KW - C2H2/N2O flame KW - hexafluorosilicic acid KW - tetrafluoro boric acid KW - trifluoro acetic acid KW - species fragmentation Y1 - 2016 UR - http://pubs.rsc.org/en/Content/ArticleLanding/2016/JA/C5JA00470E#!divAbstract U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/C5JA00470E SN - 0267-9477 SN - 1364-5544 VL - 31 SP - 902 EP - 911 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grafe, Hans-Joachim A1 - Löser, Wolfgang A1 - Schmitz, Steffen A1 - Sakaliyska, Miroslava A1 - Wurmehl, Sabine A1 - Eisert, Stefan A1 - Reichenbach, Birk A1 - Acker, Jörg A1 - Rietig, Anja A1 - Ducke, Jana T1 - NMR investigation of boron impurities in refined metallurgical grade silicon T2 - Physica status solidi. A, Applications and Materials Science N2 - The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) method was applied for tracking boron impurities in the refining process of metallurgical grade (MG) silicon. From the NMR signal of the 11B isotope at an operating temperature 4.2 K, the boron concentration can be estimated down to the order of 110 wppm B. After melting and resolidification of MG-Si alloyed with Ca and Ti, a major fraction of B impurities remains in the Si solid solution as inferred from the characteristic NMR frequency. The alloying element Ti does not form substantial fractions of TiB2. Acid leaching of crushed powders of MG-Si alloyed with Ca and Ti can diminish the initial impurity content of B suggesting its accumulation in the grain boundary phases. KW - boron KW - impurity KW - intermetallic compounds KW - nuclear magnetic resonance KW - silicon KW - transition-metal diboride KW - Si-Al melt KW - removal KW - solidification Y1 - 2015 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/pssa.201431908/full U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.201431908 SN - 1862-6319 VL - 212 IS - 9 SP - 2031 EP - 2036 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meinel, Birgit A1 - Koschwitz, Tim A1 - Blocks, Christian A1 - Acker, Jörg T1 - Comparison of diamond wire cut and silicon carbide slurry processed silicon wafer surfaces after acidic texturisation T2 - Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing N2 - Our work focuses on the acidic etching of silicon wafers, cut via diamond wire (DW) or silicon carbide slurry process (SP). The DW and SP as-cut wafer surface structures have a significant impact on the evolution of the two resultant and different etched morphologies. The time-dependent development of the surface morphology for mono- and multi-crystalline wafers is compared and analyzed via etch rates, reflectivity measurements and confocal microscopy. The as-cut structure of the differently sawn wafers defines a template where the etch attack preferentially occurs and predetermines the texturisation of the etched surface. Based on the experimental results it is possible to lower the reflectivity of the SP-sawn wafers by varying the acidic mixture. On the contrary, the DW-sawn wafers obtain only a small enlargement of the folded surface area during acidic texturisation and no influence of different acidic etch solutions on the reflectivity values was found. To create homogeneously texturized DW-sawn wafers of low reflectivity, an adaptation of the sawing process as well as the development of new etchants and new etch conditions is necessary. KW - Surface morphology KW - Confocal microscopy KW - Acidic etching KW - Texturisation KW - Diamond wire sawing KW - Slurry sawing KW - silicon KW - solar cell KW - chemical analysis Y1 - 2014 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369800114001875 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mssp.2014.03.046 SN - 1369-8001 VL - 26 SP - 93 EP - 100 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meinel, Birgit A1 - Koschwitz, Tim A1 - Heinemann, Robert A1 - Acker, Jörg T1 - The texturization process during horizontal acidic etching of multi-crystalline silicon wafers T2 - Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing N2 - Horizontal wet-chemical etching of silicon wafers in an HF/HNO3/H2SiF6 mixture is the most widely-used technique to texturize multi-crystalline silicon wafers for solar cell production. For the first time, the etch rates were determined separately for the upper and lower side during the horizontal texturization and the their different morphologies. The dependency of the surface morphology from the etch rate and etch depth is proven. Furthermore, the influence of the temperature and stirring rates on the morphological development for the upper and lower side of the wafer were examined. From temperature-dependent measurements, activation energies in the range from 17 kJ/mol to 40 kJ/mol on the upper side and from 23 kJ/mol to 40 kJ/mol on the lower side dependent from the etching time were determined. The observed results reveal a connection between the etch depth, the agitation of the etch solution, the morphology and the reflectivity of the separate wafer sides. KW - Acidic etching KW - Surface properties KW - Confocal microscopy KW - Reflectivity KW - Activation energy KW - silicon KW - HF/HNO3 mixture KW - solar cell Y1 - 2014 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S136980011400482X U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mssp.2014.08.047 SN - 1369-8001 VL - 26 SP - 695 EP - 703 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Acker, Jörg A1 - Bücker, Stefan A1 - Hoffmann, Volker T1 - The Formation of AlF Molecules and Al Atoms in a C2H2/N2O Flame Studied by Absorption and Emission Spectrometry of Molecules and Atoms T2 - Current Analytical Chemistry N2 - The absorption of the diatomic molecule AlF in the C2H2/N2O flame at 227.66 nm reveals an interesting feature. The calibration curve of the AlF absorption plotted against a rising concentration of hydrofluoric acid in solutions of constant aluminum content consists of two subsequent linear sections of different slopes. The bend position is reproducibly found at a molar fluorine-to-aluminum ratio of 3, calculated from the composition of the studied solutions. To explain this behavior, the most prominent aluminum flame species Al, AlF, and AlO were recorded as a function of the burner gas composition and flame observation height, using a high-resolution continuum source flame absorption spectrometer. As a result, the two-sectioned calibration curve is explained by two different pathways of AlF molecule formation: At a molar fluorine-to-aluminum ratio of below 3, aluminum is transported into the flame by two parallel pathways. One is the common pathway in absence of fluorine via the reduction of oxidic and/or carbidic species by the flame gases. The second pathway comprises the formation of gaseous AlF3 and its decomposition into AlF molecules and, subsequently, Al atoms. The fractionation of AlF3 releases Al atoms much faster than through the reduction of the oxidic and/or carbidic species. At molar fluorine-to-aluminum ratios of above 3, all aluminum is introduced to the flame via gaseous AlF3. A further increase of the hydrofluoric acid concentration increases the fluorine atom concentration in the flame, so that the AlF formation is determined by the recombination of aluminum and fluorine atoms. KW - AlF KW - AlF3 KW - AlO KW - diatomic molecule KW - high-resolution continuum source absorption spectrometry KW - molecular absorption spectrometry KW - molecular emission spectrometry KW - air-acetylene flame Y1 - 2014 SN - 1875-6727 SN - 1573-4110 VL - 10 IS - 3 SP - 418 EP - 425 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bücker, Stefan A1 - Hoffmann, Volker A1 - Acker, Jörg T1 - Determination of Fluorine by Molecular Absorption Spectrometry of AlF Using a High-Resolution Continuum Source Spectrometer and a C2H2/N2O Flame T2 - Current Analytical Chemistry N2 - The molecular absorption of the diatomic AlF molecule in the C2H2/N2O flame was studied using a highresolution continuum source flame atomic absorption spectrometer. AlF has a structured absorption spectrum in the range of 227.30 nm and 227.80 nm. From this band system, the remarkably narrow absorption band at 227.66 nm proved to be the optimum for analytical purposes. The signal intensity was studied as a function of the C2H2 : N2O ratio, the aspiration flow, and the aluminum concentration added to the analytical solution to generate the AlF molecules in the flame. The AlF molecule formation is significantly affected by the bonding state of the fluorine source used. Compared to ionic bound fluorine, organic bound fluorine leads to a markedly less sensitive molecular absorbance of AlF. Furthermore, several ions, such as Na+, K+ and NH4+, and acids, such as HCl, CH3COOH, and HNO3, affect the AlF signal intensity severely. It has to be concluded that the determination of fluorine by AlF F MAS only leads to reliable analytical results in simple matrices. KW - AlF KW - fluorine determination KW - high resolution continuum source absorption spectrometry KW - molecular absorption spectrometry KW - non-spectral interference KW - diatomic molecule Y1 - 2014 SN - 1573-4110 SN - 1875-6727 VL - 10 IS - 3 SP - 426 EP - 434 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kemper, Frank A1 - Ledecky, Lukas A1 - Feldmann, Markus A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Fischer, Vitali T1 - Zeitabhängige Windbeanspruchungen von geklebten Fassadenanschlüssen T2 - Bauingenieur N2 - Für die Bemessung lastabtragender Klebverbindungen im Fassadenbereich ist zu beachten, dass die Windbelastungen auf den Bauwerksoberflächen sowohl zeitlich als auch räumlich veränderlich sind. Während für übliche Fassadenanschlüsse eine Bemessung mit charakteristischen Extremwerten ausreichend ist, muss beim Einsatz von sowohl höhermoduligen (z.B. Acrylat) als auch niedrigmoduligen (z.B. Polyurethan) Klebstoffen, die beide ein zeit- und temperaturabhängiges Materialverhalten aufweisen, eine vollständige Beschreibung dieser zeitbezogenen Lasteinwirkungen erfolgen. Nur dadurch wird letztlich die erforderliche betriebsfeste Auslegung eines geklebten Fassadenanschlusses ermöglicht. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird die Ermittlung von zeitbezogenen Lasteinwirkungen und die Berechnung der daraus resultierenden Beanspruchungs-Zeit-Funktionen infolge einer natürlichen Windeinwirkungen auf Basis von Windkanalversuchen und Windstatistik thematisiert. Anhand geeigneter Zählverfahren und unter Berücksichtigung von klebstoffspezifischen Materialeigenschaften wird exemplarisch aufgezeigt, inwiefern unterschiedliche Fassadenpositionen und Windeigenschaften für die Auslegung von geklebten Fassadenanschlüssen von Bedeutung sind. Y1 - 2017 UR - http://www.bauingenieur.de/bauing/currentarticle.php?data[article_id]=87197 SN - 1436-4867 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 92 IS - 3 SP - 115 EP - 122 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ramzan, Naveed A1 - Kazmi, Mohsin A1 - Manzoor, Faisal A1 - Witt, Werner T1 - An application of safety analysis technique for thermal optimization of a paper machine T2 - Thermal science KW - Safety Analysis Paper Machine Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2298/TSCI120923090R SN - 0354-9836 SN - 2334-7163 VL - 19 IS - 3 SP - 1059 EP - 1066 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Degenkolbe, Sven A1 - Witt, Werner T1 - Self-ignition in stone wool insulation contaminated with fatty acid (fundamentals, case study, analysis methodology) T2 - Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries KW - Self-ignition KW - stone wool KW - fatty acid Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlp.2015.01.003 SN - 0950-4230 VL - 33 SP - 266 EP - 278 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Degenkolbe, Sven A1 - Witt, Werner T1 - Self-ignition in structured packed columns, fundamentals of methodology development T2 - Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries KW - Self-ignition structured packed columns KW - fatty acid Y1 - 2016 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jlp.2016.01.015 VL - 40 SP - 437 EP - 448 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Käso, Mathias A1 - Wulf, Ulrich A1 - Kucera, Jan A1 - Richter, Hans A1 - Höntschel, Jan T1 - Thermal properties of quantum devices in integrated circuits embedded in a chip environment T2 - Physica Status Solidi C N2 - We consider a thermal model for an integrated circuit including its chip environment. As the simplest choice, the active device layer (integrated circuit) consists of an array of replicas of the same quantum device with the same time depended average temperature. Modeling the chip environment we assume this active layer is sandwiched between two coplanar heat reservoirs. The top heat reservoir represents the wiring layer of the chip (‘back-end of line’). Its temperature is predominantly determined by the dissipated Joule heat in the wiring, typically in the order of one hundred degrees of Celsius. The bottom reservoir represents the cooling unit at about room-temperature. We solve the coupled equations describing thermal transport between the active layer and surrounding heat reservoirs and electrical transport in the quantum devices. The stationary working temperatures of the considered quantum devices can be found from a fix-point problem. A proper linearization of the complete time-depended problem yields the stability of these fixpoints. Numerical solutions for a device layer consisting of identical nano-transistors are given for selected parameters. KW - Thermal properties of quantum devices KW - Transport KW - Chip Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pssc.201300203 SN - 1610-1642 N1 - E-MRS 2013 Spring Meeting Symposium VL - 11 IS - 1 SP - 105 EP - 108 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ciupack, Yvonne A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Mette, Christoph A1 - Stammen, Elisabeth A1 - Dilger, Klaus T1 - Adhesive bonding in steel construction - Challenge and innovation T2 - Procedia Engineering Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.02.048 SN - 1877-7058 N1 - Modern Building Materials, Structures and Techniques, MBMST 2016, Vilnius VL - 172 SP - 186 EP - 193 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Engelbrecht, Steffen A1 - Fondengcap, Mbengamina Terence A1 - Martienssen, Marion A1 - Rathsack, Kristina T1 - Highly efficient long-term storage of carrier-bound anammox biomass T2 - Water Science & Technology N2 - The anammox process is a potential alternative to the conventional nitrogen removal from wastewater. However, due to large generation times of anammox bacteria, the start-up of treatment reactors may be impeded. An efficient storage technique can handle this drawback and may be also suitable for seasonally operated treatment plants like in touristic areas. In the current study, several storage techniques were investigated with respect to its suitability for the preservation of the specific anammox activity after long-term storage. Storing conditions differed in terms of temperature, redox buffer and nutrient supplementation. The specific activity of immobilized anammox bacteria (Candidatus Kuenenia stuttgartiensis) was determined three times during a long-term preservation of 78 days and 106 days, respectively. The highest activity was ensured at a storing temperature of 4 WC, providing nitrate as redox buffer and a nutrient supplement every 23 days. Thus, 91.4% of the initial anammox activity could be preserved after a storage of 106 days. Superiority of the presented treatment condition was confirmed by a calculated nitrate-ammonium consumption rate close to the optimal ratio of 1.32. This technique provided an economical and simple method suitable for long-term storage of immobilized anammox biomass. KW - anammox KW - biofilm KW - Candidatus Kuenenia stuttgartiensis KW - long-term storage KW - reactivation Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2016.364 SN - 0273-1223 SN - 1996-9732 VL - 74 IS - 8 SP - 1911 EP - 1918 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tappert, Alexander T1 - Tagungsbericht: Fachkonferenz „Die neue europäische Industrieemissionsrichtlinie“ des Zentrums für Rechts-und Verwaltungswissen­schaften an der BTU Cottbus am 20. Oktober 2011 in Berlin, Revision des deutschen Immissionsschutzrechts und Stand der nationalen Umsetzung T2 - Natur und Recht Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10357-012-2216-1 SN - 0172-1631 SN - 1439-0515 VL - 34 IS - 2 SP - 110 EP - 112 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Prein, Andreas A1 - Gobiet, Andreas A1 - Truhetz, Heimo A1 - Keuler, Klaus A1 - Goergen, Klaus A1 - Teichmann, Claas A1 - Fox Maule, C. A1 - Meijgaard, Erik van T1 - Precipitation in the EURO-CORDEX 0.11° and 0.44° simulations: high resolution, high benefits? T2 - Climate Dynamics N2 - In the framework of the EURO-CORDEX initiative an ensemble of European-wide high-resolution regional climate simulations on a 0.11∘(∼12.5km) grid has been generated. This study investigates whether the fine-gridded regional climate models are found to add value to the simulated mean and extreme daily and sub-daily precipitation compared to their coarser-gridded 0.44∘(∼50km) counterparts. Therefore, pairs of fine- and coarse-gridded simulations of eight reanalysis-driven models are compared to fine-gridded observations in the Alps, Germany, Sweden, Norway, France, the Carpathians, and Spain. A clear result is that the 0.11∘ simulations are found to better reproduce mean and extreme precipitation for almost all regions and seasons, even on the scale of the coarser-gridded simulations (50 km). This is primarily caused by the improved representation of orography in the 0.11∘ simulations and therefore largest improvements can be found in regions with substantial orographic features. Improvements in reproducing precipitation in the summer season appear also due to the fact that in the fine-gridded simulations the larger scales of convection are captured by the resolved-scale dynamics . The 0.11∘ simulations reduce biases in large areas of the investigated regions, have an improved representation of spatial precipitation patterns, and precipitation distributions are improved for daily and in particular for 3 hourly precipitation sums in Switzerland. When the evaluation is conducted on the fine (12.5 km) grid, the added value of the 0.11∘ models becomes even more obvious. KW - Regional climate modeling KW - EURO-CORDEX KW - Extremes Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-015-2589-y SN - 0930-7575 SN - 1432-0894 VL - 46 IS - 1 SP - 383 EP - 412 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Macias, Diego A1 - Garcia‑Gorriz, Elisa A1 - Dosio, Alessandro A1 - Stips, Adolf A1 - Keuler, Klaus T1 - Obtaining the correct sea surface temperature: Bias correction of regional climate model data for the Mediterranean Sea T2 - Climate Dynamics N2 - Here, the COSMO Climate Limited-area Modelling (CCLM) regional climate model (RCM) is used as external forcing for a Mediterranean basin-scale ocean model based on the general estuarine transport model (GETM). CCLM is forced by different global climate models (GCMs) (MPI and EcEarth) and by the ERA-interim (ERAin) reanalysis. Sea surface temperatures (SST) simulated by the different runs of the ocean model are compared with satellite measurements. As a substantial cold bias in simulated SST is found, a simple bias-correction methodology is applied to the RCM atmospheric variables, namely (1) air temperature (which is usually underestimated for the region by RCMs runs), (2) cloud cover (typically overestimated) and (3) wind intensity (as zonal wind intensity is usually overestimated). The performed analysis identifies wind velocity as the most important variable to correct in order to satisfactorily obtain Mediterranean SST. For many of the RCM realizations significant improvement in the simulated SST are only achieved when wind intensity values were bias-corrected towards observed values. Air temperature and cloud cover had a more marginal importance in reducing the SST bias observed in RCM-forced runs of the ocean model. By comparing the ERAin-driven run and the GCMs driven runs, our analyses suggest that the main source of observed bias is related with the GCMs being used as lateral boundary condition for the RCM realizations. However, a relative simple bias-correction methodology is sufficient to reduce a large part of the induced bias in SST and to improve the vertical water stratification characteristics within the Mediterranean basin that will allow to analyze current and future biogeochemical conditions of the studied basin. KW - Ocean modelling KW - Mediterranean Sea KW - Sea surface temperature KW - Bias correction Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-016-3049-z SN - 0930-7575 SN - 1432-0894 VL - 51 IS - 3 SP - 1095 EP - 1117 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Avitabile, Daniele A1 - Salchert, Katrin A1 - Werner, Carsten A1 - Capogrossi, Maurizio C. A1 - Pesce, Maurizio T1 - Growth induction and low-oxygen apoptosis inhibition of human CD34+ progenitors in collagen gels T2 - BioMed Research International N2 - Various reports have indicated low survival of injected progenitors into unfavorable environments such as the ischemic myocardium or lower limb tissues. This represents a major bottleneck in stem-cell-based cardiovascular regenerative medicine. Strategies to enhance survival of these cells in recipient tissues have been therefore sought to improve stem cell survival and ensure long-term engraftment. In the present contribution, we show that embedding human cord blood-derived CD34(+) cells into a collagen I-based hydrogel containing cytokines is a suitable strategy to promote stem cell proliferation and protect these cells from anoxia-induced apoptosis. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/542810 SN - 2314-6133 SN - 2314-6141 SP - 542810 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fabian, Jenny A1 - Zlatanović, Sanja A1 - Mutz, Michael A1 - Premke, Katrin T1 - Fungal-bacterial dynamics and their contribution to terrigenous carbon turnover in relation to organic matter quality T2 - The ISME Journal KW - organic matter KW - sediments Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2016.131 SN - 1751-7362 VL - 11 IS - 2 SP - 415 EP - 425 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shvetz, Vasily A1 - Palekhova, Ludmila A1 - Schmidt, Michael A1 - Palekhov, Dmitry T1 - Partnership as a Method for Promoting the Model of Higher Education for Sustainable Development T1 - Партнерство как метод продвижения модели высшего образования для целей устойчивого развития T2 - Economics Bulletin of the National Mining University T2 - Экономический вестник НГУ N2 - This article explores the concept of partnership as an applied tool for modernisation of university education and formulated specific characteristics of university partnership for the purpose of promoting sustainable development. The authors discussed the main types and functions of partnership in the context of transition of Ukrainian universities towards the new model of higher education. The article revealed the differences and interrelation between internal and external partnership for promoting principles of sustainable development in the higher education. Finally, the authors analysed the experience of partnership relations between the National Mining University and the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg in improving the standard of knowledge and increasing awareness about various aspects of sustainable development. KW - sustainable development KW - university education for sustainable development KW - internal and external partnership KW - university partnership Y1 - 2015 UR - http://ev.nmu.org.ua/index.php/ru/archive/15-catru?arh_article=894 SN - 2073-9982 VL - 51 IS - 3 SP - 146 EP - 154 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Palekhov, Dmitry A1 - Kizilova, Maria V. T1 - Methods for Achievement of Energy Efficiency Targets: Analysis of Experience in the EU T2 - Bulletin of Prydniprovs’ka State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture N2 - The purpose of the presented research is to discuss the key directions for the reformation of energy management in support of sustainable development policy implementation under conditions of transitional economy. In accordance with this aim the following objectives were formulated: 1) to analyse the experience of the EU and European countries, which have implemented the energy efficiency concept; 2) to identify the main methods for the implementation of energy efficiency concept in a transitional economy; 3) to suggest conceptual approaches for balancing targets of energy saving and economic growth in Ukraine. This article analyses the relationship between energy intensity and GDP growth, reviews the contemporary model for energy efficiency in the EU and studies differences between energy policies in various regions and the EU. The system approach allows to identify the main methods and measures that ensure the effectiveness of energy policy in Germany, which can be considered as useful for Ukraine. The proposed system of methods and measures may be useful for the planning of actions towards strengthening the capacity of energy efficiency in the conditions of the transition economy. KW - energy efficiency management KW - energy saving KW - sustainable development KW - New European Energy Policy KW - energy trilemma KW - energy efficiency indicators Y1 - 2016 UR - http://visnyk.pgasa.dp.ua/article/view/66244 SN - 2312-2676 VL - 216 IS - 3 SP - 34 EP - 41 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Häberer, Sebastian A1 - König, Alexander A1 - Keller, Sebastian T1 - Hybride Montagesysteme in der Fahrzeugmontage T2 - Productivity. Kompetenz in Produktion und Logistik Y1 - 2016 SN - 2364-737X SN - 1868-8519 IS - 2 SP - 59 EP - 61 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Himmelmann, Karl-Heinz T1 - Audio-visuelle Erfahrungsräume anbieten – Bilder, Töne und Bewegtbild in der Sozialen Arbeit methodisch reflektiert einsetzen T2 - Blätter der Wohlfahrtspflege – Deutsche Zeitschrift für Soziale Arbeit N2 - Schon vor dem Internet gab es "soziale Medien". Zwei besonders wirkungsmächtige waren und sind Fotots und bewegte Bilder. Sie können auch in der Sozialen Arbeit eindrucksvoll eingesetzt werden. Bilder und audio-visuelle Produkte sind in unserer Gesellschaft allgegenwärtig. In der Sozialen Arbeit wird den medialen Repräsentationen zumeist noch mit Vorsicht begegnet, dagegen trauen einzelne Akteure den Bildern aber auch allzu viel zu („Ein Bild sagt mehr als tausend Worte“). Zumeist werden Bilder (auch Videos) nur metaphorisch-assoziativ verwendet und der Zusammenhang zu den sprachlichen Gedanken ist dann nur mehr oder weniger stimmig. Soziale Arbeit hat aber auch begonnen, Bilder, Töne und Bewegtbild methodisch reflektiert einzusetzen. Nach einer kurzen Reflexion werden im Folgenden einige Szenarien vorgestellt, wie Bilder und Töne im Kontext von Ausbildung, Öffentlichkeitsarbeit und Praxis der Sozialen Arbeit dienstbar gemacht werden können. Zur Sozialen Arbeit gehören sicherlich die Bemühungen um Medienkompetenz und Jugendmedienschutz. Hier soll der Schwerpunkt einmal auf Öffentlichkeitsarbeit und die Ansprache größerer Teilöffentlichkeiten sowie auf Analyse von Interaktion gelegt werden. KW - Mediale Handlungsebenen KW - Soziale Arbeit KW - Öffentlichkeitsarebeit KW - Image KW - Videointeraktionsanalyse Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5771/0340-8574-2014-3-104 SN - 0340-8574 VL - 161 IS - 3 SP - 104 EP - 107 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Smith, Henrik G. A1 - Rundlöf, Maj T1 - Environmental Impacts of Organic Farming T2 - eLS - Wiley Online Library N2 - Organic agriculture is a production system that aims at sustaining healthy soils, ecosystems and people by prohibiting the application of synthetic pesticides and fertilisers in crop production and by emphasising animal welfare in livestock breeding. This article shows that organic agriculture is characterised by higher soil quality and reduced nutrient or pesticide leaching compared to nonorganic agriculture, but that positive effects on biological control services or emission of greenhouse gases are less evident. Yield gaps between organic and nonorganic agriculture are on average 20%, but vary between crops and regions. Given the environmental risks that are associated with intensive, nonorganic agriculture, farming practices should be modified to decrease risks. Organic agriculture can be a more environmentally friendly alternative, but individual farming practices need improvement to meet the demands of a growing human population. Further growth of the organic farming sector will contribute to reduce the negative environmental impact of agriculture. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470015902.a0026341 SP - 1 EP - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Smith, Henrik G. A1 - Weisser, Wolfgang W. A1 - Wolters, Volkmar A1 - Gossner, Martin M. T1 - Land-use effects on the functional distinctness of arthropod communities T2 - Ecography N2 - Land-use change is a major driver of the global loss of biodiversity, but it is unclear to what extent this also results in a loss of ecological traits. Therefore, a better understanding of how land-use change affects ecological traits is crucial for efforts to sustain functional diversity. To this end we tested whether higher species richness or taxonomic distinctness generally leads to increased functional distinctness and whether intensive land use leads to functionally more narrow arthropod communities. We compiled species composition and trait data for 350 species of terrestrial arthropods (Araneae, Carabidae and Heteroptera) in different land-use types (forests, grasslands and arable fields) of low and high land-use intensity. We calculated the average functional and taxonomic distinctness and the rarified trait richness for each community. These measures reflect the range of traits, taxonomic relatedness and number of traits that are observed in local communities. Average functional distinctness only increased significantly with species richness in Carabidae communities. Functional distinctness increased significantly with taxonomic distinctness in communities of all analyzed taxa suggesting a high functional redundancy of taxonomically closely related species. Araneae and Heteroptera communities had the expected lower functional distinctness at sites with higher land-use intensity. More frequently disturbed land-use types such as managed grasslands or arable fields were characterized by species with smaller body sizes and higher dispersal abilities and communities with lower functional distinctness or trait richness. Simple recommendations about the conservation of functional distinctness of arthropod communities in the face of future land-use intensification and species loss are not possible. Our study shows that these relationships depend on the studied taxa and land-use type. However, for some arthropod groups functional distinctness is threatened by intensification and conversion from less to more frequently disturbed land-uses. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.01141 SN - 0906-7590 VL - 38 IS - 9 SP - 889 EP - 900 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schlammer, Janine A1 - König, Claus A1 - Schmidt, Jörg T1 - Die produktrechtlichen Haftungsrisiken des Berechnungsingenieurs T2 - Bautechnik N2 - Simulationsprogramme, wie z. B. die Methode der Finiten Elemente, gehören heute zu den Standardwerkzeugen in der Produktentwicklung. Mit diesen Systemen werden in vielen Bereichen technische und naturwissenschaftliche Probleme mathematisch abgebildet und deren Lösung grafisch aufbereitet. Den Entstehungsprozess des Produkts unterstützen diese Werkzeuge in hohem Maße, die fachlichen Entscheidungen allerdings trifft der Berechnungsingenieur. Dieser sollte für seine Tätigkeit über ein ausreichendes theoretisches und anwendungsspezifisches Fachwissen verfügen und somit auch Kenntnis über mögliche Fehlerquellen besitzen. Da bis zum Ende des Projekts Fehler in der Analyse nicht ausgeschlossen werden können, verbleibt für den Projektingenieur ein erhebliches fachliches Risiko. Ein konsequentes Prozess- bzw. Qualitätsmanagement kann dazu beitragen, diese fachlichen Risiken zu verringern bzw. zu vermeiden. Mit den fachlichen Risiken verbunden sind stets auch Haftungsrisiken. Hier kann zwischen Ansprüchen aus Vertrag und solchen aus außervertraglicher Haftung unterschieden werden. Zu Letzterem zählen auch Ansprüche aus dem Produkthaftungsgesetz. Grundsätzlich ist das Risiko, für einen Produktfehler zur Verantwortung gezogen zu werden, umso größer, je mehr Verantwortung der Berechnungsingenieur innerhalb des Unternehmens besitzt. Diese Ausarbeitung soll einen Überblick über das produktrechtliche Haftungsrisiko des Berechnungsingenieurs geben. Somit richtet sich die Thematik insbesondere an Unternehmen und Ingenieure, die Berechnungsdienstleistungen oder Berechnungsleistungen im Rahmen ihrer unternehmensinternen Produktentwicklung ausführen. KW - Simulation KW - Berechnungsingenieur KW - Risiko KW - Produkthaftung KW - Qualitätsmanagement Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/bate.201600086 SN - 1437-0999 VL - 94 IS - 3 SP - 200 EP - 205 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Keuler, Klaus A1 - Radtke, Kai A1 - Kotlarski, Sven A1 - Lüthi, Daniel T1 - Regional climate change over Europe in COSMO-CLM: Influence of emission scenario and driving global model T2 - Meteorologische Zeitschrift N2 - The variability of climate change over Europe is analyzed in a new ensemble of eight high-resolution scenario simulations with the dynamically nested regional climate model COSMO-CLM. The simulations are a contribution of the CLM-Community to EURO-CORDEX – the European branch of the international CORDEX initiative. The study documents the influence of two emission scenarios (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) and four driving global climate models (MPI-ESM-LR, HadGEM2-ES, CNRM-CM5, EC-EARTH) on the climate change signal of seasonal near-surface air temperature, seasonal precipitation amount and daily precipitation intensity in eight different regions of Europe. Both temperature and precipitation changes show comparable spatial patterns across the ensemble. The warming magnitude, however, strongly depends on the emission scenario and the driving GCM. The analysis demonstrates that the influence of the driving GCM on the temperature change signal can be of comparable magnitude as the influence of the emission scenario. For seasonal precipitation changes the influence of the driving GCM is even more important. All ensemble members show a consistent increase in the frequency of days with intense precipitation while the total number of precipitation days decreases. A further aspect is the comparison between the climate change signals in the regional and the driving global simulations. A critical intensity class is used to quantify the transition from decreasing to increasing precipitation frequencies. The analysis reveals that the variability of frequency changes is smaller in the regional than in the global model ensemble, which can be interpreted as an improved robustness and a possible added value of the regional projections. It is also shown that the regional simulations tend to reduce the seasonal mean temperature change of the driving global simulation. In some seasons and regions the damping of the warming signal can amount to more than 2K. Overall, the analysis reveals a strong influence of comparable magnitude of the choice of the emission scenario and the driving global model on regional climate change signals, and stresses the necessity of a large regional model ensemble for a reliable and robust assessment of regional climate change. KW - Regional climate change KW - COSMO-CLM KW - EURO-CORDEX KW - dynamical downscaling Y1 - 2016 UR - http://www.schweizerbart.de/content/papers/download/85532 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1127/metz/2016/0662 SN - 0941-2948 SN - 1610-1227 VL - 25 IS - 2 SP - 121 EP - 136 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knist, Sebastian A1 - Goergen, Klaus A1 - Keuler, Klaus T1 - Land-atmosphere coupling in EURO-CORDEX evaluation experiments T2 - Journal of Geophysical Research Atmosperes N2 - Interactions between the land surface and the atmosphere play a fundamental role in the weather and climate system. Here we present a comparison of summertime land-atmosphere coupling strength found in a subset of the ERA-Interim-driven European domain Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment (EURO-CORDEX) model ensemble (1989 – 2008). Most of the regional climate models (RCMs) reproduce the overall soil moisture interannual variability, spatial patterns, and annual cycles of surface exchange fluxes for the different European climate zones suggested by the observational Global Land Evaporation Amsterdam Model (GLEAM) and FLUXNET data sets. However, some RCMs differ substantially from FLUXNET observations for some regions. The coupling strength is quantified by the correlation between the surface sensible and the latent heat flux, and by the correlation between the latent heat flux and 2 m temperature. The first correlation is compared to its estimate from the few available long-term European high-quality FLUXNET observations, and the latter to results from gridded GLEAM data. The RCM simulations agree with both observational datasets in the large-scale pattern characterized by strong coupling in southern Europe and weak coupling in northern Europe. However, in the transition zone from strong to weak coupling covering large parts of central Europe many of the RCMs tend to overestimate the coupling strength in comparison to both FLUXNET and GLEAM. The RCM ensemble spread is caused primarily by the different land surface models applied, and by the model-specific weather conditions resulting from different atmospheric parameterizations Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JD025476 SN - 2169-8996 VL - 122 IS - 1 SP - 79 EP - 103 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Palekhov, Dmitry A1 - Palekhova, Ludmila T1 - Conceptual Framework for Balancing Economic Growth and Environmental Sustainability at Regional Level T2 - Scientific Bulletin of National Mining University KW - sustainable development KW - regional governance KW - balancing economic, environmental and social development targets Y1 - 2015 UR - http://nv.nmu.org.ua/index.php/en/archive/on-the-issues/1155-2015/contents-no-5-2015/economy-and-management/3194-conceptual-framework-for-balancing-economic-growth-and-environmental-sustainability-at-regional-level SN - 2071-2227 IS - 5 SP - 148 EP - 152 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Michael A1 - Palekhov, Dmitry A1 - Shvetz, Vasily A1 - Palekhova, Ludmila T1 - Partnership between Technical Universities for Promoting Knowledge about Sustainability Standards within the Higher Education Curriculum T2 - Scientific Bulletin of National Mining University KW - sustainable development KW - higher education for sustainable development KW - university partnership Y1 - 2016 UR - http://nv.nmu.org.ua/index.php/en/archive/on-the-issues/1218-2016/contents-no-2-2016/economy-and-management/3411-partnership-between-technical-universities-for-promoting-knowledge-about-sustainability-standards-within-the-higher-education-curriculum SN - 2071-2227 IS - 2 SP - 152 EP - 157 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Palekhov, Dmitry A1 - Hansmann, Berthold T1 - Functions of Voluntary Sustainability Standards in the Global Value Chains T2 - Scientific Bulletin of National Mining University KW - global value and supply chains KW - sustainable management of global value chains KW - international voluntary sustainability standards Y1 - 2016 UR - http://nv.nmu.org.ua/index.php/en/archive/on-the-issues/1218-2016/contents-no-2-2016/economy-and-management/3412-functions-of-voluntary-sustainability-standards-in-the-global-value-chains SN - 2071-2227 IS - 2 SP - 157 EP - 161 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wetzel, Stefanie A1 - Allertz, Peter J. A1 - Koschnicke, Sören A1 - Tasso, Mariana A1 - Salchert, Katrin T1 - Immobilized enzymes – valuable tools for the indication of temperature events T2 - Biocatalysis and Biotransformation N2 - The enzymes trypsin and urease were covalently tethered to cellulose to utilize their ability to produce colored products as a consequence of enzymatic activity. Therefore, cellulose had to be chemically modified first in order to generate appropriate chemical functionalities. Different approaches including periodate supported oxidation followed by immobilization via reductive amination, insertion of a reactive polymer interface, and cross-linking inside the cellulose matrix were utilized for the immobilization. The success of immobilization was assessed by the quantification of surface-bound protein as well as by recording of enzymatic activities under different conditions. The enzymatic activity of trypsin and urease was maintained best when a hydrophilic intermediate polymer layer was used for immobilization. The applicability of immobilized enzymes as temperature indicators was demonstrated using cross-linked urease. KW - Cellulose KW - immobilization KW - trypsin KW - urease KW - reactive polymer KW - temperature label Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3109/10242422.2013.777433 SN - 1024-2422 SN - 1029-2446 VL - 31 IS - 2 SP - 100 EP - 113 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Koltsova, Tatiana S. A1 - Shakov, Fedor M. A1 - Voznyakovskiy, A. A. A1 - Lyashkov, A. I. A1 - Tolochko, Oleg V. A1 - Rudskoy, Andrey I. A1 - Nasibulin, Albert G. A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Fabrication of a Compacted Aluminum-Carbon Nanofiber Material by Hot Pressin T2 - Technical Physics Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063784214110139 SN - 1063-7842 VL - 59 IS - 11 SP - 1626 EP - 1630 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwarz, Astrid A1 - Schwoerbel, Jürgen T1 - The aquatic processing of sclerophyllous and malacophyllous leaves on a Mediterranean Island (Corsica): spatial and temporal pattern T2 - Annales de Limnologie – International Journal of Limnology Y1 - 1997 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1051/limn/1997007 SN - 0003-4088 SN - 2100-000X VL - 33 IS - 2 SP - 107 EP - 119 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwarz, Astrid T1 - ‘Der See ist ein Mikrokosmos’ oder die ‘Disziplinierung des uneindeutigen Dritten’ T2 - Verhandlungen zur Geschichte und Theorie der Biologie Y1 - 2001 SN - 1435-7852 IS - 7 SP - 69 EP - 89 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwarz, Astrid T1 - Die Ökologie des Sees. Diagramme als Theoriebilder T2 - Bildwelten des Wissens. Kunsthistorisches Jahrbuch für Bildkritik Y1 - 2003 SN - 1611-2512 IS - 1 SP - 64 EP - 74 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwarz, Astrid T1 - Im Blick zurück ein Schritt nach vorn - zum Verhältnis der Limnologie zu ihrer Geschichte T2 - Limnologica - Ecology and Management of Inland Waters Y1 - 2003 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0075-9511(03)80008-7 SN - 0075-9511 VL - 33 IS - 1 SP - 62 EP - 73 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwarz, Astrid T1 - Modellierte Naturen und Raummodelle. Theoretische, ästhetische und strategische Eingriffe im Pariser Naturkundemuseum T2 - Berliner Schriften zur Museumskunde Y1 - 2006 IS - 22 SP - 155 EP - 164 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwarz, Astrid T1 - Artefakte, Biofakte – Physiofakte, Ökofakte …? T2 - Erwägen – Wissen – Ethik (EWE) Y1 - 2006 VL - 17 IS - 4 SP - 598 EP - 600 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwarz, Astrid T1 - Building on Borders: Constructing Ecological Knowledge T2 - EASST Review Y1 - 2006 IS - 25 SP - 1 EP - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Psenner, Roland A1 - Alfreider, Albin A1 - Schwarz, Astrid T1 - Aquatic microbial ecology: water desert, microcosm, ecosystem. What comes next? T2 - International Review of Hydrobiology Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/iroh.200711044 SN - 1434-2944 VL - 93 IS - 4-5 SP - 606 EP - 623 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwarz, Astrid T1 - Green Dreams of Reason. Green Nanotechnology between Visions of Excess and Control T2 - NanoEthics Y1 - 2009 UR - http://www.citeulike.org/article/4944676 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11569-009-0061-3 SN - 1871-4757 SN - 1871-4765 VL - 3 IS - 2 SP - 109 EP - 118 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwarz, Astrid T1 - Mit Messkunst gegen Einbildungskraft: Die Austreibung der Monster aus der Wasserwüste T2 - Lichtenberg-Jahrbuch Y1 - 2010 SN - 0936-4242 VL - 2010 SP - 217 EP - 237 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwarz, Astrid A1 - Nordmann, Alfred T1 - Hier bin ich Mensch, hier darf ich’s sein!“ - Partaking in the nanoworld T2 - NanoEthics Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11569-011-0126-y SN - 1871-4757 SN - 1871-4765 VL - 5 IS - 2 SP - 233 EP - 243 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bensaude-Vincent, Bernadette A1 - Loeve, Sacha A1 - Nordmann, Alfred A1 - Schwarz, Astrid T1 - Matters of interest: The objects of research in science and technoscience T2 - Journal for general philosophy of science Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10838-011-9172-y SN - 0925-4560 SN - 1572-8587 VL - 42 IS - 2 SP - 365 EP - 383 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwarz, Astrid T1 - The becoming of the experimental mode T2 - Scientiae Studia Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1590/S1678-31662012000500004 SN - 1678-3166 SN - 2316-8994 VL - 10 IS - Special issue SP - 65 EP - 83 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bade, Alexander A1 - Müsgens, Felix T1 - Verteilungsaspekte einer Harmonisierung der europäischen Klimaschutzmaßnahmen T2 - Zeitschrift für Energiewirtschaft Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12398-016-0170-y SN - 0343-5377 SN - 1866-2765 VL - 40 IS - 1 SP - 33 EP - 40 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bobrynina, Elizaveta A1 - Alkhalaf, Ahmad A. A1 - Shamshurin, Aleksey A1 - Tolochko, Oleg V. A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Synthesis of Fe-ZrO2 composite powders by thermochemical method T2 - Key Engineering Materials Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.721.285 SN - 1662-9795 VL - 721 SP - 285 EP - 289 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hartel, Udo A1 - Ilin, Alexander A1 - Sonntag, Steffen A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Nonlinear optimization methods for the determination of heat source model parameters T2 - Materials Science Forum Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.879.2008 SN - 1662-9752 SN - 0255-5476 VL - 879 SP - 2008 EP - 2013 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nosaeva, Ksenia A1 - Al-Sawaf, Thualfiqa A1 - John, Wilfred A1 - Stoppel, Dimitri A1 - Rudolph, Matthias A1 - Schmückle, Franz-Josef A1 - Janke, Bernd A1 - Krüger, Olaf A1 - Krozer, Viktor A1 - Heinrich, Wolfgang A1 - Weimann, Nils T1 - Multifinger Indium Phosphide Double-Heterostructure Transistor Circuit Technology With Integrated Diamond Heat Sink Layer T2 - IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TED.2016.2533669 SN - 0018-9383 SN - 1557-9646 VL - 63 IS - 5 SP - 1846 EP - 1852 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gruner, Melanie A1 - Moncsek, Anja A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Kühnhardt, Dagmar A1 - Feist, Eugen A1 - Stohwasser, Ralf T1 - Increased proteasome activator 28 gamma (PA28g) levels are unspecific but correlate with disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis T2 - BMC musculoskeletal disorders Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2474-15-414 SN - 1471-2474 VL - 15 SP - 414 EP - 424 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ogaja, Jack A1 - Will, Andreas T1 - Fourth order, conservative discretization of horizontal Euler equations in the COSMO model and regional climate simulations T2 - Meteorologische Zeitschrift N2 - Horizontal spatial schemes of third order and above used for discretization of COSMO (Consortium for Small Scale Modeling) Euler equations can be described as quasi-higher order schemes since interpolation of the advecting velocities and differencing of the pressure gradient term remain second order accurate. For NWP and Regional Climate modeling, upwind schemes of either third or fifth order have been recommended combined with an explicit numerical diffusion. We have implemented fully fourth order central difference horizontal schemes for the model’s Euler equations with two types of discretization of the advection terms: the first is a natural extension of the COSMO fourth order scheme by introducing fourth order interpolation of the advecting velocity, and the second is a symmetric type discretization which is shown to conserve the rotational part of kinetic energy. We combine both advection schemes with fourth order discretization of the pressure gradient term. To make the schemes completely fourth order, we consider all metric terms resulting from coordinated transformations. Theoretical analysis of the new schemes compared to the model’s existing third order upwind scheme exhibits: a slightly increased group velocity error due to a wider stencil, a similar dispersive error, a significant reduction of the amplitude error, a significantly minimized aliasing error due to symmetric advection-discretization, and a significant increase in effective Courant number which potentially allows longer time steps. Using 20-year climate simulations, we show that the new symmetric fourth order scheme is more stable than the extended COSMO fourth order scheme and third order upwind scheme, and that an explicit numerical diffusion can be avoided when using the symmetric scheme. We show that a 20% dispersive (phase) and diffusive (amplitude) errors limit result to the model’s effective resolution of approximately 5Δx for all 4th and 3rd order schemes. Considering the same error limit for simulated kinetic energy spectra show that the horizontal numerical diffusion is reducing the model’s effective resolution to more than 10Δx and thus using the symmetric 4th order scheme without explicit horizontal diffusion increases the effective resolution by a factor of two to approximately 5Δx. We further show that both implicit diffusion in upwind schemes and explicit numerical diffusion necessary for the current model’s stable runs have effects of equal magnitude on the model’s predicted climatologies. Climatologies show that fourth order schemes enhance vertical turbulence mixing in the planetary boundary layer which reduces parameterized convection. This consequently results to approximately 20% peak reduction of summer precipitation and an increase of approximately 0.5 degrees Kelvin in summer 2m air temperature. KW - Climate KW - modelling KW - regional KW - numerics KW - spatial scheme KW - higher order KW - meteorology KW - climatology KW - diffusion KW - energy conservation Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1127/metz/2016/0645 SN - 1610-1227 VL - 25 IS - 5 SP - 577 EP - 605 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ghasemi, Abouzar A1 - Klein, Marten A1 - Harlander, Uwe A1 - Kurgansky, Michael V. A1 - Schaller, Eberhard A1 - Will, Andreas T1 - Mean flow generation by Görtler vortices in a rotating annulus with librating side walls T2 - Physics of Fluids N2 - Time periodic variation of the rotation rate of an annulus induces in supercritical regime an unstable Stokes boundary layer over the cylinder side walls, generating Görtler vortices in a portion of a libration cycle as a discrete event. Numerical results show that these vortices propagate into the fluid bulk and generate an azimuthal mean flow. Direct numerical simulations of the fluid flow in an annular container with librating outer (inner) cylinder side wall and Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations as diagnostic equations are used to investigate generation mechanism of the retrograde (prograde) azimuthal mean flow in the bulk. First, we explain, phenomenologically, how absolute angular momentum of the bulk flow is mixed and changed due to the propagation of the Görtler vortices, causing a new vortex of basin size. Then we investigate the RANS equations for intermediate time scale of the development of the Görtler vortices and for long time scale of the order of several libration periods. The former exhibits sign selection of the azimuthal mean flow. Investigating the latter, we predict that the azimuthal mean flow is proportional to the libration amplitude squared and to the inverse square root of the Ekman number and libration frequency and then confirms this using the numerical data. Additionally, presence of an upscale cascade of energy is shown, using the kinetic energy budget of fluctuating flow. KW - Direct Numerical Simulation KW - Fluid Mechanics KW - Mean Flow KW - Rotation KW - Cylinder KW - Centrifugal KW - Instability KW - Mechanism KW - Vortex Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4948406 VL - 28 IS - 056603 SP - 1 EP - 23 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weiher, Stefan A1 - Akhtar, Naveed A1 - Brauch, Jennifer A1 - Breil, Marcus A1 - Davin, Edouard A1 - Ho-Hagemann, Ha T. M. A1 - Maisonnave, Eric A1 - Thürkow, Markus A1 - Will, Andreas T1 - Coupling of the regional climate model COSMO-CLM using OASIS3-MCT with regional ocean, land surface or global atmosphere model: description and performance T2 - Geoscientific Model Development N2 - We present the prototype of a regional climate system model based on the COSMO-CLM regional climate model coupled with several model components, analyze the performance of the couplings and present a strategy to find an optimum configuration with respect to computational costs and time to solution. The OASIS3-MCT coupler is used to couple COSMO-CLM with two land surface models (CLM and VEG3D), a regional ocean model for the Mediterranean Sea (NEMO-MED12), two ocean models for the North and Baltic Sea (NEMO-NORDIC and TRIMNP+CICE) and the atmospheric component of an earth system model (MPI-ESM). We present a unified OASIS3-MCT interface which handles all couplings in a similar way, minimizes the model source code modifications and describes the physics and numerics of the couplings. Furthermore, we discuss solutions for specific regional coupling problems like handling of different domains, multiple usage of MCT interpolation library and efficient exchange of 3D fields. A series of real-case simulations over Europe has been conducted and the computational performance of the couplings has been analyzed. The usage of the LUCIA tool of the OASIS3-MCT coupler enabled separation of the direct costs of: coupling, load imbalance and additional computations. The resulting limits for time to solution and costs are shown and the potential of further improvement of the computational efficiency is summarized for each coupling. It was found that the OASIS3-MCT coupler keeps the direct coupling costs of communication and horizontal interpolation small in comparison with the costs of the additional computations and load imbalance for all investigated couplings. For the first time this could be demonstrated for an exchange of approximately 450 2D fields per time step necessary for the atmosphere-atmosphere coupling between COSMO-CLM and MPI-ESM. A procedure for finding an optimum configuration for each of the couplings was developed considering the time to solution and costs of the simulations. The optimum configurations are presented for sequential and concurrent coupling layouts. The procedure applied can be regarded as independent on the specific coupling layout and coupling details. KW - Climate KW - Regional Climate Model KW - Regional Climate System Model KW - OASIS KW - Coupling KW - Performance KW - Parallelisation KW - Computational Efficiency KW - COSMO-CLM Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2016-47 SN - 1991-9603 N1 - Discussion Paper VL - 47 SP - 1 EP - 61 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hartmann, Carsten A1 - Delle Site, Luigi T1 - Editorial: Scale bridging in molecular simulation T2 - The European Physical Journal Special Topics Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1140/epjst/e2015-02406-y SN - 1951-6355 SN - 1951-6401 VL - 224 IS - 12 SP - 2173 EP - 2176 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bittracher, Andreas A1 - Hartmann, Carsten A1 - Junge, Oliver A1 - Koltai, Péter T1 - Pseudo generators for under-resolved molecular dynamics T2 - The European Physical Journal Special Topics Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1140/epjst/e2015-02422-y SN - 1951-6355 SN - 1951-6401 VL - 224 IS - 12 SP - 2463 EP - 2490 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wels, Martin A1 - Schmidt, Peer T1 - Crystal growth of ternary phases with homogeneity range: Modeling and experiments T2 - Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie N2 - Synthesizing crystals of ternary solid solutions M2Q3 (M=Bi, Q=Se, Te) with definite composition requires advanced knowledge on the phase relations in the system. By chemical vapor transport [1] the request of homogeneous crystallization can be fulfilled. The experimental scope gets supported by modeling. A phase diagram of the pseudobinary system generated with FactSage [2] (Fig. 1) provides the thermodynamic parameters of the miscibility gap respectively the solid solution. Additionally, these parameters are used to optimize the processes while chemical vapor transport with iodine [3]. The optimum transport conditions of ϑsource = 500 °C and ϑsink = 450 °C has been applied as for the synthesis of the binary compounds [4]. Both by modeling and experiments the congruent transport can be demonstrated, Fig. 2. KW - Crystal growth KW - Chemical vapor transport KW - Chalogenides KW - Solid solution KW - Phase diagram Y1 - 2016 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/zaac.201690018/full U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.201690018 SN - 1521-3749 VL - 642 IS - 18 SP - 1066 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Will, Andreas A1 - Harlander, Uwe A1 - Metz, Werner T1 - Climatological relevance of leading seasonal singular vectors. Part I: Energy, enstrophy and spatio – temporal variability T2 - Meteorologische Zeitschrift N2 - Fast growing atmospheric Rossby wave trains (RWT modes) are solutions of a Singular Vector (SV) analysis of a damped barotropic vorticity equation for northern winter basic flows. Using 40 DJF basic flows RWT modes are found over four regions of the globe only. Their propagation paths are remarkably constant for development times up to 96 h, but spread for longer times. The RWT mode with the largest 4 day growth rate develops over the North-Pacific (NPAC) region for each of the observed DJF basic flows considered. This mode is referred to as NPAC-mode. The eigenvalues, which are the 4 day kinetic energy growth factors of the NPAC mode, range from 10 to 24 for nearly all of the basic flows. In some exceptional years they are close to 30. The NPAC modes with moderate growth factors could be shown to be approximate solutions of the nonlinear model equation. Hereto a new formulation of the advection term provided by the energy-vortex theory was used. It appears that the constancy of propagation paths and the mode's shapes, the large growth factors and the validity of the linearization assumption up to development times of 96h make the NPAC mode a candidate to explain substantial parts of large scale interannual atmospheric variability in the North Pacific region. KW - Meteorology KW - Rossby Waves KW - Extreme Event KW - Teleconnection KW - PNA KW - Enstrophy KW - Energy KW - Energy Vorticity Theory Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1127/0941-2948/2006/0145 SN - 1610-1227 VL - 15 IS - 4 SP - 1 EP - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Früh, Barbara A1 - Will, Andreas A1 - Castro, Christopher T1 - Editorial: Recent developments in Regional Climate Modelling with COSMO‑CLM T2 - Meteorologische Zeitschrift N2 - The COSMO model in CLimate Model (COSMO-CLM or CCLM) is one of the most advanced Regional Climate Model with respect to its model dynamics, numeric, and physical parameterization options. It is widely used for climate research, climate mitigation and adaptation studies, as the model is specifically designed for simulation at a convective-permitting, meso-γ spatial resolution on the order of 1 km which: • has a well-tested range of applicability, encompassing operational numerical weather prediction (COSMO), regional climate modelling for retrospective and future projection (COSMO-CLM), idealised studies (ITC) and the dispersion of trace gases and aerosol (ART) on weather forecast to interannual time scales, • was successfully applied in several regions of the world, and especially widely within Europe • has widely been used to downscale the results of global climate models and, • is well documented. KW - COSMO-CLM KW - Regional Climate Model KW - Climate KW - Climate Change Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1127/metz/2016/0788 SN - 1610-1227 VL - 25 IS - 2 SP - 119 EP - 120 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Früh, Barbara A1 - Will, Andreas A1 - Castro, Christopher T1 - Editorial: Recent developments in Regional Climate 1 Modelling with COSMO-CLM, Part 2 T2 - Meteorologische Zeitschrift N2 - The special issue “Recent developments in Regional Climate Modelling with COSMO-CLM” aims to present 7 model developments of high relevance for the climate mode, model evaluation of new model versions and results 8 of model application down to local scale. In the first part, published in May 2016 (http://www.schweizerbart.de/ 9 papers/metz/list/25#issue2) eight articles are presented. In this second part further key aspects of high resolution 10 regional climate modelling are addressed in five articles. KW - COSMO-CLM KW - Regional Climate Model KW - Climate KW - Climate Change Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1127/metz/2016/0823 SN - 1610-1227 VL - 25 IS - 5 SP - S. 529 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hartmann, Carsten A1 - Schütte, Christof A1 - Weber, Marcus A1 - Zhang, Wei T1 - Importance sampling in path space for diffusion processes with slow-fast variables T2 - Probability Theory and Related Fields Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00440-017-0755-3 SN - 0178-8051 SN - 1432-2064 VL - 170 IS - 1-2 SP - 177 EP - 228 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Wei A1 - Hartmann, Carsten A1 - Schütte, Christof T1 - Effective dynamics along given reaction coordinates, and reaction rate theory T2 - Faraday Discussions Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/C6FD00147E SN - 1359-6640 SN - 1364-5498 VL - 195 SP - 365 EP - 394 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Banisch, Ralf A1 - Hartmann, Carsten T1 - A sparse Markov chain approximation of LQ-type stochastic control problems T2 - Mathematical Control and Related Fields Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3934/mcrf.2016007 SN - 2156-8499 SN - 2156-8472 VL - 6 IS - 3 SP - 363 EP - 389 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hartmann, Carsten A1 - Schütte, Christof A1 - Zhang, Wei T1 - Model reduction algorithms for optimal control and importance sampling of diffusions T2 - Nonlinearity Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/0951-7715/29/8/2298 SN - 1361-6544 SN - 0951-7715 VL - 29 IS - 8 SP - 2298 EP - 2326 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Agarwal, Animesh A1 - Zhu, Jinglong A1 - Hartmann, Carsten A1 - Wang, Han A1 - Delle Site, Luigi T1 - Molecular dynamics in a Grand Ensemble: Bergmann-Lebowitz model and adaptive resolution simulation T2 - New Journal of Physics Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/17/8/083042 SN - 1367-2630 VL - 17 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Moncsek, Anja A1 - Gruner, Melanie A1 - Meyer, Hannes A1 - Lehmann, Andrea A1 - Kloetzel, Peter-Michael A1 - Stohwasser, Ralf T1 - Evidence for anti-apoptotic roles of proteasome activator 28g via inhibiting caspase activity T2 - Apoptosis Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10495-015-1149-6 SN - 1573-675X VL - 20 IS - 9 SP - 1211 EP - 1228 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kastenhofer, Karen A1 - Schwarz, Astrid T1 - Probing technoscience T2 - Poiesis & Praxis Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10202-011-0103-0 SN - 1615-6609 SN - 1615-6617 VL - 8 IS - 2-3 SP - 61 EP - 65 ER - TY - GEN ED - Jax, Kurt ED - Schwarz, Astrid T1 - Moving concepts: ecological units in different contexts T2 - Web ecology : Special issue Y1 - 2013 SN - 1399-1183 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Halilovic, Jadranka A1 - Litwin, Nadine A1 - Gliem, Silvia A1 - Hipp, Christiane T1 - Halilovic, The hybrid learning university: insights, challenges, and lessons learned from best practice at Brandenburg University of Technology T2 - International Journal of Learning and Teaching N2 - The following paper discusses the applied instruments of hybrid learning in the context of university education, especially video lectures, classroom response system and online-learning-diaries. We will demonstrate the application of hybrid learning instruments within different courses in combination with traditional learning elements at the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg (BTU C-S). Using an embedded single case study design, we conducted an in-depth analysis of the applied instruments of hybrid learning including data from student’s course evaluations, examination results, and log data from Moodle. The results show a varying picture. Video lectures match to the student’s demand of flexibility, e.g. caused by the need of fulfilling a part time job. Classroom response systems are perceived as appropriate means of improving comprehension and repetition of course contents. Overall online-learning-diaries help intensify the learning experience and enhance student’s self-reflection. In addition, the learning process itself and the combination of elements of traditional and the hybrid learning approach play a special role. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.18178/ijlt.2.2.148-155 SN - 2377-2905 VL - 2 IS - 2 SP - 148 EP - 155 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Indra, Arindam A1 - Menezes, Prashanth W. A1 - Das, Chittaranjan A1 - Göbel, Caren A1 - Tallarida, Massimo A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Driess, Matthias T1 - A facile corrosion approach to the synthesis of highly active CoOxwater oxidation catalysts T2 - Journal of Materials Chemistry A N2 - Ultra-small rock salt cobalt monoxide (CoO) nanoparticles were synthesized and subjected to partial oxidation (‘corrosion’) with ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) to form mixed-valence CoOx(1 < x< 2) water oxidation catalysts. Spectroscopic, microscopic and analytical methods evidenced a structural reformation of cubic CoO to active CoOx with a spinel structure. The superior water oxidation activity of CoOx has been established in electrochemical water oxidation under alkaline conditions. Electrochemical water oxidation with CoOx was recorded at a considerably low overpotential of merely 325 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm-2 in comparison to 370 mV for CoO. Transformation of both octahedral CoII and CoIII sites into amorphous Co(OH)2–CoOOH is the key to high electrochemical activity while the presence of a higher amount of octahedral CoIII sites in CoOx is imperative for an efficient oxygen evolution process. KW - water splitting KW - water oxidation KW - cobalt oxide catalyst KW - transmission electron microscopy (TEM) KW - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) KW - X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) KW - Cyclic voltammetry (CV) Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/c6ta10650a SN - 2050-7488 SN - 2050-7496 IS - 5 SP - 5171 EP - 5177 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sviridov, Alexander A1 - Grützner, Philip A1 - Rusch, Michael A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Joining by upset bulging - Tooling design and new concepts for online process control using servo presses and local heating T2 - Journal of Machine Engineering KW - tube forming KW - mechanical joining KW - servo press KW - upset bulging KW - local heating Y1 - 2017 SN - 1895-7595 SN - 1642-6568 VL - 17 IS - 1 SP - 78 EP - 87 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vincze, Miklós A1 - Borcia, Ion-Dan A1 - Harlander, Uwe T1 - Temperature fluctuations in a changing climate: an ensemble-based experimental approach T2 - Scientific Reports Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-00319-0 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 7 SP - 254 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Peer A1 - Hohmann, Andrea A1 - Nilges, Tom A1 - Köpf, Marianne A1 - Weihrich, Richard T1 - Synthesis of Element Allotropes of Arsenic and Phosphorus by Application of Electromotive Series of Solids T2 - Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie N2 - Calculation of electromotive series of solids allows easy prediction of reaction pathways[1]. Using the electromotive series of systems As-P-O and As-P-X (X = F, Cl, Br, I) the formation of element allotropes via the oxide and halide compounds in thermite type reactions can be deduced: phosphorous will reduce the arsenic oxides to elemental arsenic, forming grey or black allotrope, depending on reaction mixture composition. KW - Element allotropes KW - Arsenic KW - Phosphorus Y1 - 2014 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/zaac.201490026/full U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.201490026 SN - 1521-3749 VL - 640 IS - 11 SP - 2386 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wolf, Adrian A1 - Doert, Thomas A1 - Stolze, Karoline A1 - Schmidt, Peer T1 - Modeling of Chemical Vapor Transport of Uranium Phosphide Telluride UPTe T2 - Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie N2 - The crystallization mechanism of uranium phosphide telluride UPTe by chemical vapor transport reaction [1] is presented based on thermodynamic modelling using TRAGMIN program. Evaluation of standard data of all expected species was performed by modeling of the binary phase diagrams U/Te and U/P. Data of UPTe were deduced from known phosphide tellurides[2,3]. Identifying the viable composition area within the quaternary system U/P/Te/I the temperature depending transport equilibria could be obtained. KW - Crystal growth KW - Chemical vapor transport KW - Chalogenides KW - Thermodynamic modeling Y1 - 2014 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/zaac.201490026/full U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.201490026 SN - 1521-3749 VL - 640 IS - 11 SP - 2374 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Heinemann, Robert A1 - Schmidt, Peer T1 - Vapor Transport Investigations using the High-temperature Gas-balance T2 - Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie N2 - The High-temperature Gas-balance (HTGB[1]) has been established as a new method for investigations of heterogeneous phase equilibria with volatile components [1,2]. This equipment is notably well suited to analyze reversible heterogeneous equilibria which occur during chemical vapor transport reactions (CVT[3]). Experimental proof has been furnished by vapor transports of germanium and germanium(II) telluride using iodine as a transport addition. Initially the sublimation of iodine has been observed (section a – Fig. 1). The formation of GeI4(g) as the actual transport agent follows (b). Finally, the transport reaction occurs under reversible formation GeI2(g) (c). KW - Crystal growth KW - Chemical vapor transport KW - Chalogenides KW - High-temperature gas-balance Y1 - 2014 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/zaac.201490026/full U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.201490026 SN - 1521-3749 VL - 640 IS - 11 SP - 2338 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Peer T1 - Rational Synthesis Design by Application of Electromotive Series of Solid Materials T2 - Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie N2 - The concept of Electromotive Series of Solids presents an easy tool for prediction and interpretation of red-ox processes of inorganic solid materials. Thus, a rational synthesis design succeeds with low effort compared to complex thermodynamic considerations. The principle has been applied and validated for interpretation of known chemical systems as well for the development of new systems and processes. KW - Inorganic synthesis KW - Thermodynamic modeling KW - electromotive series Y1 - 2014 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/zaac.201490026/full U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.201490026 SN - 1521-3749 VL - 640 IS - 11 SP - 2326 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Efimova, Anastasia A1 - Hubrig, Grit A1 - Pfützner, Linda A1 - Schmidt, Peer T1 - Thermal Stability of Alkyl-Imidazolium-Ionic Liquids T2 - Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie N2 - The thermochemical behavior of two groups of ionic liquids (ILs), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium [EtMeIm] and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium [BuMeIm] halides (Cl, Br and I) was investigated for their crystalline and liquid states in the temperature range from −100 °C to 600 °C using DSC and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Some investigated ILs exhibit significant subcooling effect and the glass state formation [1]. The decomposition mechanism has been identified by means of TGA with coupled mass spectrometry (MS). All investigated ILs decompose with a total mass loss of about 100 % in the temperature range of Tonset from 230 to 290 °C (Fig. 1). By complete degradation of IL, dominant fragments CnH2n+1+, CnH2n+, CnHn+, NHn+, and the respective alkyl halides (X = Cl, Br, I) are formed. KW - Ionic liquid KW - Thermal stability Y1 - 2014 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/zaac.201490026/full U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.201490026 SN - 1521-3749 VL - 640 IS - 11 SP - 2391 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Alpsancar, Suzana T1 - Plants as digital things: The global circulation of future breeding options and their storage in gene banks T2 - Tecnoscienza. Italian Journal of Science & Technology Studies N2 - Seeds have traditionally been collected according to their reproductive cycles, i.e. the time when they lose their potential of becoming a real plant. Therefore, the locations of botanic gardens or seed banks imply the vicinity of agricultural land. This article exemplifies the transformation of plant collections into gene and data banks by investigating the Svalbard Global Seed Vault (SGSV) in Norway and the German Genebank for Fruit Crops (DGO). It shows that international efforts to safeguard biodiversity by intertwining them with bioinformatics infrastructure transform seeds and other plant genetic material into digitalized objects. The almost virtual genetic material, now stored without the neighborhood of acres or gardens, is, at the same time, seen as “options” for new high-tech plants, which might be transplanted to a future territory. Consequently, plant varieties are circulating around the globe in form of genetic material and data. The article shows that the digitalization induces a specific distinction between the material and the digital flows of plants. KW - gene bank KW - digital plant KW - digitalization KW - plant collections KW - svalbard global seed vault Y1 - 2016 UR - http://www.tecnoscienza.net/index.php/tsj/article/view/252/166 SN - 2038-3460 VL - 7 IS - 1 SP - 45 EP - 66 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Netzer, Corinna A1 - Seidel, Lars A1 - Pasternak, Michal A1 - Klauer, Christian A1 - Perlman, Cathleen A1 - Ravet, Frédéric A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - Engine Knock Prediction and Evaluation Based on Detonation Theory Using a Quasi-Dimensional Stochastic Reactor Mode T2 - SAE technical paper KW - Engine Knock Prediction and Evaluation Based Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4271/2017-01-0538 SN - 0096-5170 SN - 0148-7191 IS - 2017-01-0538 SP - 11 Seiten ER - TY - GEN A1 - Matrisciano, Andrea A1 - Franken, Tim A1 - Perlman, Cathleen A1 - Borg, Anders A1 - Lehtiniemi, Harry A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - Development of a Computationally Efficient Progress Variable Approach for a Direct Injection Stochastic Reactor Model T2 - SAE technical papers KW - Development of a Computationally Efficient Progress Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4271/2017-01-0512 SN - 0148-7191 SN - 0096-5170 IS - 2017-01-0512 SP - 18 Seiten ER - TY - GEN A1 - Urban, Roberto A1 - Vierhaus, Heinrich Theodor A1 - Schölzel, Mario A1 - Altmann, Enrico A1 - Seelig, Horst T1 - Non-Cyclic Design Space Exploration for ASIPS - Compiler-Centered Microprocessor Design (CoMet) T2 - Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1142/S0218126616400120 SN - 0218-1266 SN - 1793-6454 VL - 25 IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Aslanjan, Jana A1 - Klauer, Christian A1 - Perlman, Cathleen A1 - Günther, Vivien A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - Simulation of a Three-Way Catalyst Using Transient Single and Multi-Channel Models T2 - SAE technical paper KW - Simulation of a Three-Way Catalyst Using Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4271/2017-01-0966 SN - 0148-7191 SN - 0096-5170 IS - 2017-01-0966 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Heuser, Fabian A1 - Schulz, Christian A1 - Sağlam, Murat A1 - Ramaioli, Cecilia A1 - Heuberger, Maria A1 - Wagner, Klaus J. A1 - Jahn, Klaus A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Brandt, Thomas A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Lehnen, Nadine T1 - Preventing opioid-induced nausea and vomiting: Rest your head and close your eyes? T2 - PloS one Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0173925 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 12 IS - 3 SP - e0173925 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Baartse, Martijn A1 - Meer, Klaus T1 - An algebraic proof of the real number PCP theorem T2 - Journal of Complexity N2 - The PCP theorem has recently been shown to hold as well in the real number model of Blum, Shub, and Smale (Baartse and Meer, 2015). The proof given there structurally closely follows the proof of the original PCP theorem by Dinur (2007). In this paper we show that the theorem also can be derived using algebraic techniques similar to those employed by Arora et al. (Arora et al., 1998; Arora and Safra, 1998) in the first proof of the PCP theorem. This needs considerable additional efforts. Due to severe problems when using low degree algebraic polynomials over the reals as codewords for one of the verifiers to be constructed, we work with certain trigonometric polynomials. This entails the necessity to design new segmentation procedures in order to obtain well structured real verifiers appropriate for applying the classical technique of verifier composition. We believe that designing as well an algebraic proof for the real PCP theorem on one side leads to interesting questions in real number complexity theory and on the other sheds light on which ingredients are necessary in order to prove an important result as the PCP theorem in different computational models. KW - Probabilistically checkable proofs KW - Real number model of computation KW - PCP theorem for NP over the reals KW - Testing trigonometric polynomials KW - Algebraic proofs Y1 - 2017 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0885064X1630111X U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jco.2016.11.006 SN - 0885-064X VL - 40 SP - 34 EP - 77 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hartel, Udo A1 - Ilin, Alexander A1 - Michailov, Vesselin A1 - Gibmeier, Jens A1 - Bantel, Christoph T1 - Finite Element Modelling for the Structural Analysis of Al-Cu Laser Beam Welding T2 - Physics Procedia Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phpro.2016.08.147 SN - 1875-3892 VL - 83 SP - 1404 EP - 1414 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Straub, Andrea T1 - Erhöhung der Zuverlässigkeit und Leistungsfähigkeit biologischer Kleinkläranlagen T2 - Korrespondenz Abwasser, Abfall Y1 - 2009 SN - 1866-0029 VL - 59 IS - 9 SP - 943 EP - 944 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dragan, Feodor F. A1 - Köhler, Ekkehard A1 - Leitert, Arne T1 - Line-distortion, Bandwidth and Path-length of a graph T2 - Algorithmica Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00453-015-0094-7 SN - 0178-4617 SN - 1432-0541 VL - 77 IS - 3 SP - 686 EP - 713 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reich, Alexander T1 - Minimum strictly fundamental cycle bases of planar graphs are hard to find T2 - Discrete Applied Mathematics Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dam.2015.12.001 SN - 0166-218X VL - 205 SP - 150 EP - 159 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reich, Alexander T1 - Complexity of the maximum leaf spanning tree problem on planar and regular graphs T2 - Theoretical Computer Science Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcs.2016.02.011 SN - 0304-3975 VL - 626 SP - 134 EP - 143 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Strehler, Martin A1 - Merting, Sören A1 - Schwan, Christian T1 - Energy-efficient shortest routes for electric and hybrid vehicles T2 - Transportation Research Part B: Methodological Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trb.2017.03.007 SN - 0191-2615 VL - Vol. 103 SP - 111 EP - 135 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pielnhofer, Florian A1 - Bachhuber, Frederik A1 - Schmidt, Peer A1 - Nilges, Tom A1 - Weihrich, Richard T1 - Mit DFT-Modellierungen zu neuen Polyanionenverbindungen T2 - Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie N2 - Verbindungen mit ionischen Baueinheiten erweisen sich als geeignete Materialien zur Energie- und Ressourcennutzung. Beispiele sind Li-Elektrodenmaterialien oder neue Thermoelektrika, die aufgrund ihrer Teilstrukturen schaltbar werden. Das Design neuer funktionaler Materialien verlangt dabei nach einem grundlegenden Verständnis von Struktur-Eigenschafts-Beziehungen, metastabilen Strukturen und Umwandlungen. Dies bedarf des Einsatzes kombinierter experimenteller und theoretischer Methoden. Zur systematischen Erforschung metastabiler Strukturen wurde jüngst das Konzept der Strukturvorhersage in Energielandschaften mit ab initio Methoden auf das System P1-xAsx angewandt und mit experimentellen Messungen verknüpft. Im nächsten Schritt wurden Verbindungen mit ionischen Teilstrukturen des As, Sb, Se und Te untersucht. Modellhaft wurden nun Zintl-Systemen wie IrPTe und PtSnTe neue mögliche metastabile Strukturen identifiziert und auf Funktionalisierungen untersucht. KW - DFT KW - Chalcogenides Y1 - 2012 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/zaac.201204137/full U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.201204137 N1 - Poster VL - 638 IS - 10 SP - S. 1634 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nilges, Tom A1 - Osters, Oliver A1 - Schmidt, Peer A1 - Schöneich, Michael A1 - Weihrich, Richard A1 - Bachhuber, Frederik T1 - Untersuchungen zur Bildung von schwarzem Arsen T2 - Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie N2 - Das Mineralisatorkonzept für Polypniktide, basierend auf PbI2 als Mineralisator, wurde erfolgreich zur Synthese der festen Lösung von ortho-rhombischem, schwarzen As1–xPx eingesetzt (x = 0.17-1). Die Zellparameter von As0.83P0.17 sind identisch mit den Literaturwerten des As(schwarz). Aus Pulver- und Einkristalldaten bei variabler Zusammensetzung ist es möglich, das Zellvolumen und die Gitterparameter von reinem, schwarzen Arsen abzuleiten. Die Analyse der Phasenbildung basiert auf der Bestimmung der Gleichgewichtsdrücke der Intermediate Au2P3 und Asgrau sowie von PbI2 im Vergleich zu As1–xPx(schwarz): Die Kondensation erfolgt unterhalb 600 °C aus einer komplexen Gasphase (u.a. AsnP4–n). KW - Phosphorus KW - Arsenic KW - Crystal structure Y1 - 2010 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/zaac.201008019/full U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.201008019 VL - 636 IS - 11 SP - S. 46 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schöneich, Michael A1 - Lorenz, Tobias A1 - Bawohl, Melanie A1 - Nilges, Tom A1 - Schmidt, Peer T1 - Phase Formation in the System Hg/P/I Induced by Evaporation Pressure T2 - Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie KW - High-temperature Gas-balance Y1 - 2010 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/zaac.201009042/full U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.201009042 N1 - Poster VL - 636 IS - 11 SP - S. 2070 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Randrianarison, Henintsoa A1 - Ramiaramanana, Jeannot A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - When to Pay? Adjusting the Timing of Payments in PES Design to the Needs of Poor Land-users T2 - Ecological Economics Y1 - 2017 UR - http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2017.03.040 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2017.03.040 SN - 0921-8009 VL - 138 SP - 168 EP - 177 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Markova-Nenova, Nonka A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - PES for the poor? Preferences of potential buyers of forest ecosystem services for including distributive goals in the design of payments for conserving for conserving the dry spiny forest in Madagascar T2 - Forest Policy and Economics Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forpol.2017.02.005 SN - 1389-9341 VL - 80 SP - 71 EP - 79 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Das, Chittaranjan A1 - Kot, Małgorzata A1 - Rouissi, Zied A1 - Kędzierski, Kamil A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Selective Deposition of an ultrathin Pt Layer on a Au-Nanoisland-Modified Si Photocathode for Hydrogen Generation T2 - ACS Omega N2 - Platinum, being the most efficient and stable catalyst, is used in photoelectrochemical (PEC) devices. However, a minimal amount of Pt with maximum catalytic activity is required to be used to minimize the cost of production. In this work, we use an environmentally friendly, ost-effective, and less Pt-consuming method to prepare PEC devices for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The Pt monolayer catalyst is selectively deposited on a Au-nanoisland-supported boron-doped p-type Si (100) photocathode. The PEC device based on the Si photocathode with an ultralow loading of the Pt catalyst exhibits a comparable performance for the HER to that of devices with a thick Pt layer. In addition, we demonstrate that by using a thin TiO2 layer deposited by atomic layer deposition photo-oxidation of the Si photocathode can be blocked resulting in a stable PEC performance. KW - water splitting KW - hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) KW - Si photocathode KW - gold nanoislands KW - nanostructured platinum Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.6b00374 SN - 2470-1343 VL - 2 IS - 4 SP - 1360 EP - 1366 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Sarradj, Ennes T1 - Circular Cylinders with Soft Porous Cover for Flow Noise Reduction T2 - Experiments in Fluids N2 - The use of porous materials is one of several approaches to passively control or minimize the generation of flow noise. In order to investigate the possible reduction of noise from struts and other protruding parts (for example components of the landing gear or pantographs), acoustic measurements were taken in a small aeroacoustic wind tunnel on a set of circular cylinders with a soft porous cover. The aim of this study was to identify those materials that result in the best noise reduction, which refers to both tonal noise and broadband noise. The porous covers were characterized by their air flow resistivity, a parameter describing the permeability of an open-porous material. The results show that materials with low air flow resistivities lead to a noticeable flow noise reduction. Thereby, the main effect of the porous cylinder covers is that the spectral peak of the aeolian tone due to vortex shedding appears much narrower, but is not suppressed completely. Based on the measurement results, a basic model for the estimation of the total peak level of the aeolian tone was derived. In addition to the minimization of the vortex shedding noise, a reduction of broadband noise can be observed, especially at higher Reynolds numbers. The noise reduction increases with decreasing air flow resistivity of the porous covers, which means that materials that are highly permeable to air result in the best noise reduction. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-016-2119-7 SN - 0723-4864 VL - 57 IS - 3 SP - 30 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ernst, Sinja Alexandra A1 - Brand, Tilman A1 - Reeske, Anna A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Petersen, Knud A1 - Zeeb, Hajo T1 - Care-Related and Maternal Risk Factors Associated with the Antenatal Nondetection of Intrauterine Growth Restriction: A Case-Control Study from Bremen,Germany T2 - BioMed Research International Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/1746146 SN - 2314-6141 SN - 2314-6133 SP - 1746146 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Prashanth, Konda G. A1 - Scudino, Sergio A1 - Chaubey, Anil K. A1 - Löber, Lukas A1 - Wang, Pei A1 - Attar, Hooyar A1 - Schimansky, Frank-Peter A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Eckert, Jürgen T1 - Processing of Al-12Si – TNM composites by selective laser melting and evaluation of compressive and wear properties T2 - Journal of Materials Research Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2015.326 SN - 0884-2914 SN - 2044-5326 VL - 31 IS - 1 SP - 55 EP - 65 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kolb, M. A1 - Wheeler, Jeffrey M. A1 - Mathur, H. N. A1 - Neumeier, Steffen A1 - Korte-Kerzel, Sandra A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Michler, Johann A1 - Göken, Mathias T1 - Local mechanical properties of the (β0+ω0) composite in multiphase titanium aluminides studied with nanoindentation at room and high temperatures T2 - Materials Science and Engineering A Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2016.04.026 SN - 0921-5093 VL - 665 SP - 135 EP - 140 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rackel, Marcus W. A1 - Stark, Andreas A1 - Gabrisch, Heike A1 - Schell, Norbert A1 - Schreyer, Andreas A1 - Pyczak, Florian T1 - Orthorhombic phase formation in a Nb-rich γ-TiAl based alloy – an in situ synchrotron radiation investigation T2 - Acta Materialia Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2016.09.030 SN - 1359-6454 VL - 121 SP - 343 EP - 351 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Laipple, Daniel A1 - Stark, Andreas A1 - Schimansky, Frank-Peter A1 - Schwebke, Bernd A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Schreyer, Andreas T1 - Microstructure of Ti-45Al-5Nb and Ti-45Al-10Nb powders T2 - Key Engineering Materials Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.704.214 SN - 1662-9795 VL - 704 SP - 214 EP - 222 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Amherd Hidalgo, Alexandra A1 - Ebel, Thomas A1 - Limberg, Wolfgang A1 - Pyczak, Florian T1 - Influence of oxygen on the fatigue behaviour of Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy T2 - Key Engineering Materials Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.704.44 SN - 1662-9795 VL - 704 SP - 44 EP - 52 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tchouaha Tankoua, Aristide A1 - Stark, Andreas A1 - Rackel, Marcus W. A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Hehl, Axel von T1 - In situ analysis of the forging process of a novel γ-TiAl alloy using synchrotron radiation T2 - Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/mawe.201600635 SN - 1521-4052 VL - 47 IS - 11 SP - 1109 EP - 1120 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schöneich, Michael A1 - Schmidt, Peer T1 - Kinetics of phase formation in solid - gas reactions: Iron and Arsenic T2 - Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie N2 - Based on the experience of thermo-chemical studies on a High-Temperature Gas-Balance a time dependent analysis has been developed for the investigations of the kinetics of solid-gas reactions. The course of solid-gas reactions can be examined unambiguously by separation of the initial solids. By this setup the visualization of different stages of solid-gas reaction (vaporization, phase formation) becomes feasible. Time dependent analysis of the formation of FeAs results in an assignment of the underlying principles of kinetics derived from the conversion factor α. KW - Arsenic KW - High-temperature Gas-balance KW - Thermal analysis Y1 - 2012 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/zaac.201204026/full U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.201204026 VL - 638 IS - 10 SP - S. 1579 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Peer A1 - Schöneich, Michael A1 - Nilges, Tom A1 - Weihrich, Richard T1 - Identification of Metastable States in Heterogeneous Phase Formation T2 - Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie KW - Phosphorus KW - High-temperature Gas-balance Y1 - 2012 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/zaac.201204134/full U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.201204134 N1 - Poster VL - 638 IS - 10 SP - S. 1633 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Albrecht, Eike A1 - Egute, Terence Onang A1 - Wanki, Emmanuel Ateghang T1 - Legal and Policy Framework Affecting Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Deployment in Cameroon T2 - Renewable Energy Law and Policy Review : RELP Y1 - 2017 SN - 1869-4942 VL - 7 IS - 4 SP - 17 EP - 30 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Prill, Robert A1 - Appell Coriolano, Hans-Joachim A1 - Michel, Sven A1 - Alfuth, Martin T1 - The Influence of the Special Throwing Technique on the Prevalence of Knee Joint Injuries in Judo T2 - Archives of Budo KW - Injury KW - Judo KW - knee joint Y1 - 2014 SN - 1643-8698 VL - 10 SP - 211 EP - 216 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Prill, Robert A1 - Michel, Sven T1 - Beweglichkeit der sagittalen Kniegelenkbeweglichkeit T2 - Manuelle Medizin KW - Reliabilität KW - Kniegelenk Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00337-015-1257-y SN - 0025-2514 SN - 1433-0466 VL - 53 IS - 4 SP - 290 EP - 294 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Prill, Robert A1 - Michel, Sven T1 - Wissenschaft lernen T2 - PT Zeitschrift für Physiotherapeuten Y1 - 2013 SN - 0023-4494 SN - 1614-0397 VL - 65 IS - 9 SP - 76 EP - 79 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schatz, Karsten A1 - Plenz, Maik A1 - Zundel, Stefan A1 - Lehmann, Kathrin T1 - Die Transaktionskosten der Energiewende in den Verteilernetzen T2 - Energiewirtschaftliche Tagesfragen KW - Transaktionskosten KW - Netzmodelle KW - Verteilnetze Y1 - 2015 SN - 0720-6240 SN - 0013-743X VL - 65 IS - 7 SP - 8 EP - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zenger, Florian A1 - Herold, Gert A1 - Becker, Stefan A1 - Sarradj, Ennes T1 - Sound source localization on an axial fan at different operating points T2 - Experiments in Fluids Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-016-2223-8 SN - 0723-4864 SN - 1432-1114 VL - 57 SP - 136 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ramm, Jessica A1 - Rücker, Jacqueline A1 - Knie, Matthias A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte T1 - Lost in the dark: estimation of the akinete pool for the recruitment of Nostocales populations (cyanobacteria) in a temperate deep lake T2 - Journal of Plankton Research KW - germination KW - sediment Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/fbx010 SN - 1464-3774 VL - 39 IS - 3 SP - 392 EP - 403 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kamps, Laura A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Sarradj, Ennes A1 - Brücker, Christoph T1 - Vortex shedding noise of a cylinder with hairy flaps T2 - Journal of Sound and Vibration Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2016.10.039 SN - 0022-460X VL - 388 SP - 69 EP - 84 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sarradj, Ennes A1 - Herold, Gert T1 - A Python framework for microphone array data processing T2 - Applied Acoustics Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2016.09.015 SN - 0003-682X VL - 116 SP - 50 EP - 58 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herold, Gert A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Markus, Philipp A1 - Sarradj, Ennes T1 - Simultaneous Sound Power Measurement of Engine Components T2 - SAE International Journal of Passenger Cars - Mechanical Systems Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4271/2016-01-1774 SN - 1946-3995 SN - 1946-4002 VL - 9 IS - 3 SP - 974 EP - 979 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schuster, Franka A1 - Paul, Andreas A1 - König, Hartmut T1 - Messung der technischen IT-Sicherheit in Energieversorgungsanlagen zur Erfüllung des IT-Sicherheitsgesetzes T2 - International Journal for Electricy and Heat Generation, VGB Powertech Y1 - 2017 SN - 1435-3199 VL - 97 IS - 3 SP - 76 EP - 82 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Michael A1 - Lorenz, Werner T1 - Stahlbau unter Denkmalschutz - Grundinstandsetzung von Viadukt und Bahnhöfen der Hochbahnlinie U2 in Berlin-Prenzlauer Berg T2 - Stahlbau Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/stab.201101446 SN - 0038-9145 VL - 80 IS - 6 SP - 419 EP - 427 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Serafinski, Daniel A1 - Winkelmann, Ralf T1 - Punktuelle Magnesium-Aluminium-Verbindungen T1 - Point Bonding of Magnesium – Aluminium Structures T2 - WOMAG : Kompetenz in Werkstoff und funktioneller Oberfläche N2 - Leichtbau mit Multimaterialsystemen erfordert stets ein tragfähiges Verbinden unterschiedlicher Werkstoffe. Die Auswahl eines Fügeverfahrens erfolgt dabei vordergründig auf der Basis der Werkstoff- und der angestrebten Verbindungseigenschaften. Die begrenzte Mischbarkeit der Werkstoffe Aluminium und Magnesium im schmelzflüssigen Zustand verursacht technologische Schwierigkeiten bei der Anwendung der thermischen Fügetechnik, weshalb zur Herstellung von punktuellen Verbindungen von Magnesium mit Aluminium ein thermo-mechanisches Fügeverfahren entwickelt wurde. Basierend auf dem Verfahren Clinchen sind die notwendigen thermischen Bedingungen erarbeitet worden, um belastbare punktuelle Verbindungen zu erzeugen. Während viele Aluminiumsorten aufgrund ihrer Gitterstruktur sehr gut umformbar und somit für die Herstellung von Verbindungen mittels Clinchen gut geeignet sind, ist dies bei Magnesium nicht so. Dessen hexagonale Gitterstruktur erfordert eine ausreichende Erwärmung der Verbindungsstelle vor dem Fügen. Da die sehr gute Wärmeleitung des Fügewerkzeugs die zugeführte Energie sehr schnell wieder abführt, ist zusätzlich eine Vorwärmung der Werkzeuge zwingend. Die thermischen Bedingungen wurden zunächst mit dem Ziel der Reduzierung des Versuchsaufwandes simuliert und das Modell versuchs¬technisch validiert. Die thermischen Bedingungen am Bauteil und am Werkzeug wurden mit dem Ziel der Einstellung hoher Verbindungsfestigkeiten variiert. Als Optimierungskriterium wurde die Scherzugfestigkeit definiert. Um die Erwärmung der beiden Werkstoffe sowie des Werkzeugs reproduzierbar zu gestalten, erwies sich eine Kombination von joulescher- und induktiver Erwärmung als sinnvoll. Die messtechnische Erfassung der Bauteiltemperatur erfolgte, um die zeitliche Wirkung der Induktorleistung bei definierter Position zum Bauteil als Kriterium der zugeführten thermischen Energie nutzen zu können. Eine Anpassung der Werkzeuggeometrie und der Bewegungs¬parameter führte zu reproduzierbaren hoch festen Verbindungen. N2 - Lightweight construction using mixed materials requires a viable means of bonding together the different materials used. The choice of bonding technology will be based on the actual materials in question and the desired bonding properties. The limited miscibility of aluminium and magnesium in their molten state presents technological problems in terms of thermal bonding of these two metals. For this reason, a thermo-mechanical procedure was developed for their spot joining. The technique is based on clinching and the appropriate thermal conditions for this were established such that acceptable spot bond strengths achieved. Whereas many aluminium alloys, thanks to their crystal structure, can readily be deformed and thus lend themselves well to the clinching process, the same is not true for magnesium. The hexagonal lattice structure of this metal requires sufficient heat treatment before the joining process. Because the forming tools themselves possess high thermal conductivity which could result in rapid cooling of the work, the forming tools themselves have to be pre-heated. The required thermal conditions were initially simulated in order to reduce the time needed for the research, the model for this being experimentally validated. The thermal conditions experienced by the component and the tooling were explored in order to find optimum conditions for maximum bond strength. The parameter for optimisation was defined as the shear strength. In order to ensure reproducibility of the heat-treatment regime for both the two metals and the tooling, both Joule heating and inductive heating were found to be best. Temperature measurement of the components was used in order to characterise the temperature-time profile as a function of induction loading for a given positioning of the component, as a criterion for following the energy input. Matching the tooling geometry with the movement parameters resulted in the reproducible formation of high-strength joints. KW - Clinchen KW - Magnesium KW - Aluminium KW - Vorwärmung Y1 - 2017 UR - http://www.wotech-technical-media.de/womag/ausgabe/2017/04/WOMag_4_17_frei.pdf SN - 2195-5905 SN - 2195-5891 VL - 5 IS - 4 SP - 4 EP - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Markiewicz, Richard S. A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Lorenzana, José A1 - Bansil, Arun T1 - Gutzwiller charge phase diagram of cuprates, including electron–phonon coupling effects T2 - New Journal of Physics N2 - Besides significant electronic correlations, high-temperature superconductors also show a strong coupling of electrons to a number of lattice modes. Combined with the experimental detection of electronic inhomogeneities and ordering phenomena in many high-Tc compounds, these features raise the question as to what extent phonons are involved in the associated instabilities. Here we address this problem based on the Hubbard model including a coupling to phonons in order to capture several salient features of the phase diagram of hole-doped cuprates. Charge degrees of freedom, which are suppressed by the large Hubbard U near half-filling, are found to become active at a fairly low doping level. We find that possible charge order is mainly driven by Fermi surface nesting, with competition between a near-$(\pi ,\pi )$ order at low doping and antinodal nesting at higher doping, very similar to the momentum structure of magnetic fluctuations. The resulting nesting vectors are generally consistent with photoemission and tunneling observations, evidence for charge density wave order in YBa2Cu3O$_{7-\delta }$ including Kohn anomalies, and suggestions of competition between one- and two-q-vector nesting. Y1 - 2015 UR - http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1367-2630/17/2/023074/meta U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/17/2/023074 SN - 1367-2630 VL - 17 IS - 2 SP - 023074 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, David T1 - … and justice for all – cost fairness in Volkswagen’s product family T2 - Journal of Applied Accounting Research Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1108/JAAR-09-2015-0078 SN - 0967-5426 VL - 18 IS - 2 SP - 261 EP - 271 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jeschke, Sandra T1 - Die Rolle von akademischen Pflegekräften in der direkten Patientenversorgung: Eine notwendige Entwicklung? T2 - Pflegezeitschrift Y1 - 2010 SN - 0945-1129 VL - 63 IS - 1 SP - 19 EP - 22 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jeschke, Sandra A1 - Gaidys, Uta A1 - Martin, Colin R. T1 - Application of the HADS to academic and non-academic nurses in Germany T2 - British Journal of Wellbeing Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.12968/bjow.2011.2.2.27 SN - 2049-5919 SN - 2052-496X VL - 2 IS - 2 SP - 27 EP - 32 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hübel, Hartwig A1 - Vollrath, Bastian T1 - Ratcheting caused by moving loads T2 - International Journal of Advanced Structural Engineering N2 - Progressive deformation (ratcheting) can occur as a response to variable loads as soon as the elastic limit is exceeded. If this is the case, strains and displacements accumulate in the event of cyclic loading in each load cycle. Widely known as triggers for ratcheting and already being considered in some design codes are configurations, in which a structure is subjected to at least two different types of load, namely a constant load (the primary load) and a superimposed cyclic load. In this paper, another mechanism that generates ratcheting is introduced. It can be attributed solely to the effect of a single load. In the simplest case, this can be explained by the successive activation of (an infinite number of) plastic hinges if a load of constant magnitude is moved in space. The increments of strains and displacements can decrease or increase from cycle to cycle, when the material is hardening, or if elastic foundation is present, or if the equilibrium condition is formulated for the deformed system (second-order theory) or if “large” rotations are taken into account (third-order theory). KW - Ratcheting KW - Progressive deformation KW - Shakedown KW - Traveling load KW - Moving temperature front Y1 - 2017 UR - http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40091-017-0154-0/fulltext.html SN - 2008-6695 SN - 2008-3556 VL - 9 IS - 2 SP - 139 EP - 152 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zeng, Huan A1 - Yang, Xiaowei A1 - Meng, Siying A1 - Wang, Hong A1 - Tang, Xiaojun A1 - Tang, Wenge A1 - Zeng, Shu A1 - Jeschke, Sandra A1 - Wang, Yang T1 - Awareness and knowledge of schistosomiasis infection and prevention in the "Three Gorges Dam" reservoir area: a cross-sectional study on local residents and health personnel T2 - Acta Tropica Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2011.09.003 SN - 0001-706X VL - 120 IS - 3 SP - 238 EP - 244 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Eckert, Sandra van A1 - Gaidys, Uta A1 - Martin, Colin R. T1 - Embitterment among German academic and nonacademic nurses T2 - The Journal of Mental Health Training, Education and Practice Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1108/17556221111168959 SN - 1755-6228 VL - 6 IS - 2 SP - 104 EP - 112 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Eckert, Sandra van A1 - Gaidys, Uta A1 - Martin, Colin R. T1 - Self-esteem among German nurses: does academic education make a difference? T2 - Journal of Psychatric and Mental Health Nursing Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2850.2011.01862.x SN - 1365-2850 VL - 19 IS - 10 SP - 903 EP - 910 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Eckert, Sandra van A1 - Gaidys, Uta A1 - Martin, Colin R. T1 - Translation and application of G-MHLC-C scales in academic and non-academic nursing staff T2 - European Journal for Person Centered Healthcare Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5750/ejpch.v1i2.671 SN - 2052-5656 VL - 1 IS - 2 SP - 362 EP - 368 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Eckert, Sandra van T1 - Von aggressiven Patienten und ruhigen Lämmern. Gewalt gegen Pflegepersonal T2 - Pflegezeitschrift : Fachzeitschrift für stationäre und ambulante Pflege Y1 - 2014 SN - 0945-1129 VL - 67 IS - 1 SP - 28 EP - 31 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sut-Lohmann, Magdalena A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Quick detection and quantification of iron-cyanide complexes using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy T2 - Environmental Pollution N2 - The continuous release of persistent iron-cyanide (Fe-CN) complexes from various industrial sources poses a high hazard to the environment and indicates the necessity to analyze a considerable amount of samples. Conventional flow injection analysis (FIA) is a time and cost consuming method for cyanide (CN) determination. Thus, a rapid and economic alternative needs to be developed to quantify the Fe-CN complexes. 52 soil samples were collected at a former Manufactured Gas Plant (MGP) site in order to determine the feasibility of diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier spectroscopy (DRIFTS). Soil analysis revealed CN concentrations in a range from 8 to 14.809 mg kg⁻¹, where 97% was in the solid form (Fe₄[Fe(CN)₆]₃), which is characterized by a single symmetrical CN band in the range 2092-2084 cm-1. The partial least squares (PLS) calibration-validation model revealed IR response to CNtot which exceeds 2306 mg kg⁻¹(limit of detection, LOD). Leave-one-out cross-validation (LOO-CV) was performed on soil samples, which contained low CNtot (<900 mg kg⁻¹). This improved the sensitivity of the model by reducing the LOD to 154 mg kg⁻¹. Finally, the LOO-CV conducted on the samples with CNtot > 900 mg kg⁻¹ resulted in LOD equal to 3751 mg kg⁻¹. It was found that FTIR spectroscopy provides the information concerning different CN species in the soil samples. Additionally, it is suitable for quantifying Fe-CN species in matrixes with CNtot > 154 mg kg⁻¹. Thus, FTIR spectroscopy, in combination with the statistical approach applied here seems to be a feasible and quick method for screening of contaminated sites. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.04.052 SN - 0269-7491 VL - 227 SP - 64 EP - 72 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Thomas T1 - Humic supramolecular structures have polar surfaces and unpolar cores in native soil T2 - Chemosphere N2 - It was the aim of our study to prove the hypothesis that humic substances (HS) in native soil are spatially arranged in descending order of polarity, meaning that highly polar supramolecular subunits shield less polar subunits against the free soil solution and form layers of descending polarity. To address this aim, we consecutively extracted humic substances from soil with 8 M (HS1), 4 M (HS2), 2 M (HS3), 1 M (HS4) and 0.5 M LiCl (HS5) solution in 0.2 M LiOH after Cu²⁺ adsorption in batch soil column experiments. Adsorption was performed for 1, 10 and 60 min with concentrations ranging from 9.5 to 110 mg L¹⁻Cu²⁺ in 0.02 M CaCl₂ solution. We assumed that high ionic strength facilitates extraction of most polar organic compounds, with polarity of the extracted HS decreasing with decreasing ionic strength, and that Cu extracted together with the successive HS solely formed coordination complexes, facilitating its use as a tracer for organic matter studies. We hypothesized a delayed Cu adsorption on the less polar fractions in case of spatial shielding due to interception on overlying fractions, and a concurrent Cu adsorption in case of random spatial arrangement. It was concluded that humic substances are shielded against each other in the order of descending polarity of the supramolecular subunits (free soil solution | HS1 | HS2 | HS3 | HS4 | HS5). Y1 - 2017 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0045653517308317 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.05.125 SN - 1879-1298 VL - 183 SP - 437 EP - 443 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knoop, Christine A1 - Dornack, Christina A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Nutrient and heavy metal accumulation in municipal organic waste from separate collection during anaerobic digestion in a two-stage laboratory biogas plant T2 - Bioresource Technology Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2017.05.026 SN - 1873-2976 VL - 239 SP - 437 EP - 446 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Caprara, Sergio A1 - Di Castro, Carlo A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Grilli, Marco T1 - Dynamical charge density waves rule the phase diagram of cuprates T2 - Physical Review B N2 - In the last few years, charge density waves (CDWs) have been ubiquitously observed in high-temperature superconducting cuprates and are now the most investigated among the competing orders in the still hot debate on these systems. A wealth of new experimental data raises several fundamental issues that challenge the various theoretical proposals. We here relate our mean-field instability line T0CDW of a strongly correlated Fermi liquid to the pseudogap T∗(p) line, marking in this way the onset of CDW-fluctuations. These fluctuations reduce strongly the mean-field critical line. Controlling this reduction via an infrared frequency cutoff related to the characteristic time of the probes, we account for the complex experimental temperature versus doping phase diagram. We provide a coherent scenario explaining why different CDW onset curves are observed by different experimental probes and seem to extrapolate at zero temperature into seemingly different quantum critical points (QCPs) in the intermediate and overdoped region. The nearly singular anisotropic scattering mediated by these fluctuations also accounts for the rapid changes of the Hall number seen in experiments and provides the first necessary step for a possible Fermi surface reconstruction fully establishing at lower doping. Finally, we show that phase fluctuations of the CDWs, which are enhanced in the presence of strong correlations near the Mott insulating phase, naturally account for the disappearance of the CDWs at low doping with yet another QCP as seen by the experiments. Y1 - 2017 UR - https://journals.aps.org/prb/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevB.95.224511 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.95.224511 SN - 2469-9950 SN - 2469-9969 VL - 95 IS - 22 SP - 224511 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Chirambo, Dumisani T1 - Enhancing Climate Change Resilience Through Microfinance: Redefining the Climate Finance Paradigm to Promote Inclusive Growth in Africa T2 - Journal of developing societies Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/0169796X17692474 VL - 33 IS - 1 SP - 150 EP - 173 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zaussinger, Florian A1 - Kupka, Friedrich A1 - Egbers, Christoph A1 - Neben, Matthias A1 - Hücker, S. A1 - Bahr, C. A1 - Schmitt, M. T1 - Semi-convective layer formation T2 - Journal of Physics: Conference Series Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/837/1/012012 VL - 837 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kuhn, Ramona A1 - Tóth, Elisabeth A1 - Geppert, Helmut A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Martienssen, Marion T1 - Identification of the Complete Photodegradation Pathway of Ethylenediaminetetra(methylenephosphonic acid) in Aqueous Solution T2 - Clean - soil, air, water : a journal of sustainability and environmental safety N2 - This study aims at investigating the abiotic degradation pathway of ethylenediaminetetra(methylenephosphonic acid) (EDTMP) simulated applying UV irradiation. The degradation of EDTMP and formation of degradation products was determined using LC-MS and ³¹P-NMR. In the laboratory scale experiments, EDTMP was degraded within 30 min and the degradation products, iminodi(methylenephosphonic acid) (IDMP), ethylaminobis(methylenephosphonic acid) (EABMP), and amino- (methylenephosphonic acid) (AMPA), were simultaneously released. IDMP was the main degradation product of EDTMP. Therefore, we conclude that the initial cleavage of EDTMP is a heterolytically driven process, which starts the degradation process at the intramolecular C-N bond. In contrast, the main product of a possible homolytic C-C cleavage of methylaminobis(methylenephosphonic acid) could not be confirmed with either LC-MS or ³¹P-NMR. Additionally, there was no evidence for a primary attack on the C-P bond. All identified degradation products of EDTMP have been mineralized to carbon dioxide (CO₂). Three additional degradation products (M1, M2, and M3) have been found using the ³¹P-NMR analysis but have not yet been quantified using LC-MS. We assume that the unidentified degradation product M1 is related to m/z 312, M2 to m/z 341, and M3 to m/z 409. Thus we concluded that EDTMP undergoes photochemical conversion to IDMP, the main degradation product. EABMP and AMPA also accumulate, but in smaller amounts. All intermediates are further mineralized to CO₂. KW - EDTMP KW - LC-MS KW - 31P-NMR KW - Phosphonates KW - Photodegradation Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/clen.201500774 SN - 1863-0669 VL - 45 IS - 5 SP - 1 EP - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Abugiche, Samuel Ajonina A1 - Egute, Terence Onang A1 - Cybelle, Atud T1 - The Role of Traditional Taboos and Custom as Complementary Tools in Wildlife Conservation Within Mount Cameroon National Park Buea T2 - International Journal of Natural Resource Ecology and Management Y1 - 2017 VL - 2 IS - 3 SP - 60 EP - 68 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Albrecht, Eike A1 - Schneemann, Dörte T1 - Fracking in the United Kingdom: Regulatory Challenges between Resource Mobilisation and Environmental Protection T2 - Carbon and Climate Law Review Y1 - 2014 UR - http://www.jstor.org/stable/24324294 SN - 2190-8230 VL - 8 IS - 4 SP - 238 EP - 246 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Eckert, Sandra van A1 - Schulz, Karl-Heinz T1 - „Unmet Needs“ – Unterversorgung und multimodaler Unterstützungsbedarf ambulanter Tumorpatienten T2 - Monitor Versorgungsforschung N2 - Die onkologische Versorgung durch die niedergelassenen Schwerpunktpraxen gewinnt zunehmend an Bedeutung. In der ambulanten Unterstützung des Tumorpatienten bestehen Defizite sowohl im flächendeckenden Angebot als auch in der Wirksamkeit der angebotenen Leistungen. Im Kontext der ambulanten Versorgungssituation onkologischer Patienten in Deutschland konzentrierte sich die Forschung bislang hauptsächlich auf unimodale Interventionen. Durch eine individuelle Erfassung des Unterstützungsbedarfes können bedarfsgerechte Interventionen geplant und umgesetzt werden. Multimodale adjuvante Therapiestrategien sind eine therapeutisch wertvolle Ergänzung der medizinischen Behandlung. Y1 - 2014 SN - 1866-0533 VL - 4 IS - 14 SP - 38 EP - 42 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Eckert, Sandra van A1 - Schulz, Karl-Heinz T1 - Ein entscheidender Anteil - Onkologie: Wie Pflegekräfte die ambulante Versorgung von Tumorpatienten verbessern T2 - Pflegezeitschrift Y1 - 2015 SN - 0945-1129 VL - 68 IS - 3 SP - 164 EP - 167 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hokamp, Sascha A1 - Seibold, Götz T1 - Tax Compliance and Public Goods Provision An Agent-based Econophysics Approach T2 - Central European Journal of Economic Modelling and Econometrics N2 - We calculate the dynamics of tax evasion within a multi-agent econophysics model which is adopted from the theory of magnetism and previously has been shown to capture the main characteristics from agent-based based models which build on the standard Allingham and Sandmo approach. In particular, we implement a feedback of public goods provision on the decision-making of selfish agents which aim to pursue their self interest. Our results imply that such a feedback enhances the moral attitude of selfish agents thus reducing the percentage of tax evasion. Two parameters govern the behavior of selfish agents, (i) the rate of adaption to changes in public goods provision and (ii) the threshold of perception of public goods provision. Furtheron we analyze the tax evasion dynamics for different agent compositions and under the feedback of public goods provision. We conclude that policymakers may enhance tax compliance behavior via the threshold of perception by means of targeted public relations. Y1 - 2014 UR - http://cejeme.eu/publishedarticles/2014-35-24-635550501521093750-4578.pdf SN - 2080-0886 VL - 6 IS - 4 SP - 217 EP - 236 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Friesen, Hans T1 - Architekturtheorie als Architekturethik zwischen angewandter und allgemeiner Ethik T2 - ETHICA - Wissenschaft und Verantwortung Y1 - 2017 SN - 1021-8122 VL - 25 IS - 1 SP - 13 EP - 29 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Luong, Thi Mai Hoa A1 - Zabel, Volkmar A1 - Lorenz, Werner A1 - Rohrmann, Rolf G. T1 - Vibration-based Model Updating and Identification of Multiple Axial Forces in Truss Structures T2 - Procedia Engineering N2 - Safety assessment of existing iron and steel truss structures requires the determination of the axial forces and corresponding stresses in truss structural members. The results of the axial force determination can be integrated as part of a structural health monitoring scheme for existing trusses. In this work, a methodology is proposed to identify multiple axial forces in members of a truss structure based on the modal parameters. Vibration test allows the identification of the natural frequencies and mode shapes, globally of the truss structure as well as locally of the individual bars. The method calibrates the numerical model of the truss structure using a genetic algorithm and strategic validation criteria. The validation criteria are based on the identified natural frequencies and global mode shapes of the truss structure as well as information of the axial forces in the individual bars of the truss, which are estimated from the natural frequencies and five amplitudes of the corresponding local mode shapes of the single bars based on an analytical-based algorithm. The calibration allows the identification of the axial forces in all bars of the truss structure. For mode pairing strategy, a technique makes use of the enhanced modal assurance criteria with the calculation of the modal strain energies. Moreover, the modal strain energies are also used to select the relevant local mode shape of the individual bars. The feasibility and accuracy of the proposed methodology is verified by laboratory experiments on several truss structures. In situ tests on existing trusses are intended. The results from one of the laboratory tested structures, i.e. a two-bar system, are included in this paper. KW - Truss structures KW - axial force KW - dynamic test KW - model updating KW - optimization technique Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.04.499 SN - 1877-7058 VL - 188 SP - 385 EP - 392 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Linke, Gunter A1 - Rug, Wolfgang A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut T1 - Festigkeitssortierung von Bauholz in historischen Gebäuden - Bericht zum Stand der Technik T2 - Bauingenieur Y1 - 2017 VL - 92 IS - 5 SP - 229 EP - 236 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lugert, Andreas A1 - Winkler, Herwig T1 - Von der Wertstromanalyse zum Wertstrommanagement T2 - Zeitschrift für wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb (ZWF) Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3139/104.111703 SN - 0032-678X VL - 112 IS - 4 SP - 261 EP - 265 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Borcia, Rodica A1 - Borcia, Ion-Dan A1 - Helbig, Markus A1 - Meier, Martin A1 - Egbers, Christoph A1 - Bestehorn, Michael T1 - Dancing drops over vibrating substrates T2 - The European Physical Journal Special Topics KW - Thin Film Instabilities Y1 - 2017 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1140/epjst/e2016-60202-6 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1140/epjst/e2016-60202-6 SN - 1951-6355 SN - 1951-6401 VL - 226 IS - 6 SP - 1297 EP - 1306 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krüger, David A1 - Schütte, Philipp A1 - Winkelmann, Ralf T1 - Werkstoffe und Werkstoffkombinationen für das punktuelle Verbinden von Aluminium T1 - Materials and Material Combinations for Spot-Welding of Aluminium T2 - WOMAG : Kompetenz in Werkstoff und funktioneller Oberfläche N2 - Die Herstellung von punktuellen Verbindungen an Leichtbauwerkstoffen wie Aluminium (Al) mit dem konventionellen Widerstandspunktschweißen führt zu sehr intensiven Reaktionen zwischen dem Elektroden- und dem Substratwerkstoff. Durch die Auswahl eines Elektrodenwerkstoffs mit geringerer Affinität zu Aluminium ist zu erwarten, dass Diffusionsprozesse mit deren Beeinflussung der Elektrodenoberflächen und daraus folgender Änderung der Schweißpunkteigenschaften mit Nacharbeiten an der Elektrode vermeidbar sind. Zudem sind die thermischen und elektrischen Eigenschaften der Werkstoffe sowie sichere und effektiv herzustellende Verbindungen zum Elektrodenwerkstoff Kupfer zu erfüllen. Unter diesen Prämissen und unter Beachtung wirtschaftlicher Aspekte wurden Untersuchungen an den Werkstoffen Grafit, Wolfram und Molybdän vorgenommen. Zusätzlich erfolgte die Überprüfung PVD-beschichteter Kupferelektroden. Mittels Langzeituntersuchungen sind Angaben zur Eignung der Werkstoffe realisiert. Eine sehr große Herausforderung betraf die Herstellung von Verbindungen zwischen den nicht beziehungsweise kaum mit Aluminium reagierenden Werkstoffen und dem Kupfer der Punktschweißelektroden. Das Kondensatorentladungsschweißen konnte hierfür qualifiziert werden. Es wurden die Parameter ermittelt, mit denen sichere Verbindungen innerhalb extrem kurzer Zeit hergestellt werden können. Im Gegensatz zum Löten oder Umgießen handelt es sich um einen sehr effektiven Prozess mit hohem Potenzial für die Massenfertigung. N2 - Creating spot welds at lightweight metals such as aluminium using conventional resistance spot welding, results in an intense reaction between the electrode metal and the aluminium itself. By selecting an electrode material with a lower affinity to aluminium, one might assume that the diffusion process involving the electrode surface, with the consequent effect on the properties of the spot weld, could be avoided by post-working at the weld site. In terms of thermal and electrical properties and the achieving of strong and effective bonding, copper is an ideal electrode metal candidate. Given these requirements and with process economics in mind, studies were carried out on materials including graphite, tungsten and molybdenum. Additional studies were carried out using PVD-coated copper electrodes. On the basis of long-term studies, the requirements for a suitable material were achieved. One of the most demanding tasks was creating a bond between a metal with a little affinity to aluminium and aluminium itself, but not the copper of the spot welding electrode. The use of capacitor discharge welding proved useful in this context. Parameters were established for creating strong spot welds in extremely short times. By contrast with soldering or other molten metal processes, this approach offers a satisfactory solution ideally-suited to the demands of mass production. KW - Aluminium KW - Wolfram KW - Molybdän KW - Punktschweißen Y1 - 2017 SN - 2195-5905 VL - 5 IS - 5 SP - 4 EP - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Aleksin, Yury A1 - Riebel, Ulrich A1 - Kurtsiefer, Rolf T1 - Abscheidung hochohmiger Stäube in einem Elektroabscheider mit niederfrequenter AC-Hochspannung (NIFRA) T2 - Chemie Ingenieur Technik N2 - Abscheidung hochohmiger Stäube in einem Elektroabscheider mit niederfrequenter AC-Hochspannung (NIFRA) KW - hoch-ohmige Stäube KW - Elektroabscheider KW - Staubwiderstand KW - NIFRA Y1 - 2016 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cite.201650129/full U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cite.201650129 SN - 1522-2640 VL - 88 IS - 9 SP - 1356 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Graf, Patricia A1 - Kupfer, Antonia T1 - Moderne Sklaverei und extreme Ausbeutung in globalisierten Arbeits- und Geschlechterbeziehungen T2 - Femina Politica Y1 - 2016 SN - 1433-6359 SN - 2196-1646 VL - 25 IS - 1 SP - 9 EP - 23 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Claus, Vanessa A1 - Hall, Philipp A1 - Sarradj, Ennes T1 - Silent Owl Flight: The Effect of the Leading Edge Comb T2 - International Journal of Aeroacoustics Y1 - 2017 SN - 2048-4003 VL - 16 IS - 3 SP - 115 EP - 134 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Schulz, Adrian A1 - Thürmer, Konrad A1 - Sarradj, Ennes A1 - Stapel, Jennifer T1 - Schallemission wasserwirtschaftlicher Anlagen T2 - Lärmbekämpfung Y1 - 2017 SN - 1436-4999 IS - 3 SP - 99 EP - 103 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zlatanović, Sanja A1 - Fabian, Jenny A1 - Mendoza-Lera, Clara A1 - Woodward, K. Benjamin A1 - Premke, Katrin A1 - Mutz, Michael T1 - Periodic sediment shift in migrating ripples influences benthic microbial activity T2 - Water Resources Research KW - migrating ripples KW - disturbance KW - microbial activity Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/2017WR020656 SN - 1944-7973 VL - 53 IS - 6 SP - 4741 EP - 4755 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Sutygina, Alina A1 - Volinsky, Alex A. A1 - Manakhov, Anton A1 - Weiß, Sabine A1 - Kashkarov, Egor B. T1 - Effect of Hydrogen Exposure on Mechanical and Tribological Behavior of CrₓN Coatings Deposited at Different Pressures on IN718 T2 - Materials N2 - In the current study, the properties of the CrₓN coatings deposited on the Inconel 718 superalloy using direct current reactive magnetron sputtering are investigated. The influence of working pressure on the microstructure, mechanical, and tribological properties of the CrₓN coatings before and after high-temperature hydrogen exposure is studied. The cross-sectional scanning electron micrographs indicate the columnar structure of the coatings, which changes from dense and compact columns to large columns with increasing working pressure. The Cr/N ratio increases from 1.4 to 1.9 with increasing working pressure from 300 to 900 mPa, respectively. X-ray diffraction analysis reveals a change from mixed hcp-Cr₂N and fcc-CrN structure to approximately stoichiometric Cr₂N phase. After gas-phase hydrogenation, the coating deposited at 300 mPa exhibits the lowest hydrogen absorption at 600 °C of all investigated coatings. The results indicate that the dense mixed cubic and hexagonal structure is preferential for hydrogen permeation resistance due to the presence of cubic phase with higher packing density in comparison to the hexagonal structure. After hydrogenation, no changes in phase composition were observed; however, a small amount of hydrogen is accumulated in the coatings. An increase of coating hardness and elastic modulus was observed after hydrogen exposure. Tribological tests reveal that hydrogenation leads to a decrease of the friction coefficient up to 20%–30%. The best value of 0.25 was reached for hydrogen exposed CrₓN coating deposited at 300 mPa. KW - CrₓN coatings KW - PVD KW - hydrogenation KW - tribology KW - mechanical properties KW - GDOES Y1 - 2017 UR - http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/10/5/563/htm U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10050563 SN - 1996-1944 VL - 10 IS - 5 SP - 563 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ahrens, Petra A1 - Scheele, Alexandra A1 - Vleuten, Anna van der T1 - 20 Jahre Vertrag von Amsterdam. Europäische Gleichstellungspolitik revisited T2 - Femina Politica Y1 - 2016 SN - 1433-6359 SN - 2196-1646 VL - 25 IS - 2 SP - 9 EP - 20 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dunkel, Wolfgang A1 - Jacobsen, Heike A1 - Kleemann, Frank T1 - Tertiarisierung der Gesellschaft T2 - Arbeits- und industriesoziologische Studien Y1 - 2015 SN - 1866-9549 VL - 8 IS - 1 SP - 3 EP - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kot, Małgorzata A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Das, Chittaranjan A1 - Brizzi, Simone A1 - Kärkkänen, Irina A1 - Schneidewind, Jessica A1 - Naumann, Franziska A1 - Gargouri, Hassan A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Analysis of titanium species in titanium oxynitride films prepared by plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition T2 - Surface and Coatings Technology N2 - A comparative study of thin titanium oxynitride (TiOxNy) films prepared by plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition using tetrakis(dimethylamino)titanium (TDMAT) and N2 plasma as well as titanium(IV)isopropoxide and NH3 plasma is reported. The comparison is based on the combination of Ti2p core level and valence band spectroscopy and current-voltage measurements. The TDMAT/N2 process delivers generally higher fractions of TiN and TiON within the Ti2p spectra of the films and stronger photoemissions within the bandgap as resolved in detail by high energy resolution synchrotron-based spectroscopy. In particular, it is shown that higher TiN contributions and in-gap emission intensities correlate strongly with increased leakage currents within the films and might be modified by the process parameters and precursor selection. KW - Titanium oxynitride KW - Plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) KW - ALD process parameters KW - Ti-N contributions KW - In-gap defect states KW - Leakage current Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2016.11.094 SN - 0257-8972 SN - 1879-3347 VL - 324 SP - 586 EP - 593 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gädeke, Anne A1 - Pohle, Ina A1 - Koch, Hagen A1 - Grünewald, Uwe T1 - Trend analysis for integrated regional climate change impact assessments in the Lusatian river catchments (north-eastern Germany) T2 - Regional Environmental Change N2 - Trend analysis on observations and model-based climate change simulations are two commonly used methods for climate change detection and impact analysis. Here we propose an integrated assessment and interpretation of climate change impacts as a prerequisite for stakeholder outreach and planning of suitable climate change adaptation measures. The assessment includes (i) identifying trends in mete-orological and hydrological observations and their nature, (ii) analysing the relation between the mete-orological drivers and generated run-off as an integrated catchment response and (iii) analysing how hitherto changes agree with the simulations by regional climate models (RCMs). The Lusatian river catchments of Spree and Schwarze Elster, characterised by high anthropogenic impact (e.g. mining activities) and low natural water yield, serve as study areas. The results of this study suggest that in-creases in observed temperature and potential evapotranspiration are robust while observed precipitation remained nearly unchanged (1963–2006). The RCMs agree on simulating a temperature increase but simulate opposing trends for precipitation for both past (1963–2006) and future (2018–2060) periods, the latter inducing differences in the hydrological response (actual evapotranspiration and run-off). For stakeholder outreach, we communicated a range of potential future climates and identified the statistical RCMs (STAR, WettReg) as warm and dry scenarios, and the dynamical RCMs (REMO, CCLM) as wet scenarios. Ultimately, the combined analysis of trends in observations and simulation models can be beneficial for stakeholder outreach and may increase their willingness to plan and implement suitable climate change adaptation strategies which are urgently needed within the Lusatian river catchments. KW - Trends analysis KW - Change points KW - Regional climate models KW - Water management KW - Stakeholder outreach KW - Global dimming Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-017-1138-0 SN - 1436-3798 SN - 1436-378X VL - 17 IS - 6 SP - 1751 EP - 1762 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Risse-Buhl, Ute A1 - Mendoza-Lera, Clara A1 - Norf, Helge A1 - Perez, Javier A1 - Pozo, Jesus A1 - Schlief, Jeanette T1 - Contrasting habitats but comparable microbial decomposition in the benthic and hyporheic zone T2 - Science of The Total Environment KW - Ecosystem functioning KW - Microbial community Y1 - 2017 UR - https://authors.elsevier.com/a/1VJ2tB8ccclgC U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.203 SN - 0048-9697 VL - 605-606 SP - 683 EP - 691 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stojković, Nenad A1 - Folić, Radomir A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut T1 - Mathematical model for the prediction of strength degradation of composites subjected to constant amplitude fatigue T2 - International Journal of Fatigue Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2017.06.032 SN - 0142-1123 VL - 103 SP - 478 EP - 487 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Heller, Sebastian A1 - Bauriegel, Albrecht T1 - Classification of pedogenic cementation in Podzols by pocket penetrometry T2 - Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science N2 - According to the German Soil Taxonomy, the formation of cemented horizons in Podzols is restricted to the precipitation of iron oxides. However, in iron-poor sandy substrates, also illuviation of only organic compounds can form cemented horizons with penetration resistances of up to 14 kg cm−2. We present a reproducible field test for classifying pedogenic cementation in Podzols and suggest considering cemented horizons (Bmh and Bhm) in the upcoming edition of the Guidelines for Soil Mapping. KW - field techniques KW - micromorphology KW - soil classification KW - soil development KW - soil systematics Y1 - 2017 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jpln.201600395/abstract U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.201600395 SN - 1522-2624 VL - 180 IS - 4 SP - 430 EP - 435 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Ouimet, William A1 - Dethier, David A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Raab, Alexandra T1 - Soils on historic charcoal hearths - terminology and chemical properties T2 - Soil Science Society of America Journal : SSSAJ N2 - Historic charcoal hearth remains provide a unique archive of the long term interaction between biochar, soil development and plant growth. Charcoal as raw material was crucial for production of iron in iron works and hence numerous charcoal hearths can be found in the forests near historic iron works in Europe as well as the Eastern United States. Charcoal hearths are round to elliptical forms often around 10 m in diameter, and consist of several decimeter thick layers that contain charcoal fragments, ash, and burnt soil. We studied the soil chemistry of 24 charcoal hearths and compared them to the surrounding ‘natural’ soils in the northern Appalachians of northwestern Connecticut. The thickness of the topsoils on the charcoal hearths and their carbon content are remarkably higher than in the surrounding topsoils. The presence of residual products from charcoal production classifies the soils as Anthropic Udorthents (US Soil Taxonomy) or Spolic Technosols (Humic) according to the World Reference Base for Soil Resources. The widespread occurrence of charcoal hearth remains and their high spatial density in different ecosystems underlines their importance for further pedological research. KW - biochar KW - pedogenesis KW - land use KW - carbon sink Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2017.02.0067 SN - 1435-0661 SN - 0361-5995 VL - 81 IS - 6 SP - 1427 EP - 1435 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Petersen, Christer T1 - Büchners Katze: Versuch über digitale Beschleunigung und technische Eigenzeit T2 - Oxford German Studies N2 - Der Beitrag versucht zunächst, auf der Basis der Diskussion physikalisch-realistischer (Newton, Einstein, Heisenberg) und philosophisch-idealistischer (Augustinus, Kant, Heidegger) Theoreme und Theorien über die Zeit Geschwindigkeit und schließlich Beschleunigung konzeptionell zu fassen. In einem zweiten Schritt wird das Feld der digitalen Beschleunigung anhand von neueren, populären Medientheorien (McLuhan, Baudrillard, Virilio) diskutiert. Zuletzt soll die in diesen, aber auch anderen Theorien (Tomlinson, Rosa, Nowotny) rekurrente Folgerung eines Determinismus technischer, gesellschaftlicher und individueller Beschleunigung unter Verweis auf die Entwicklung technischer Artefakte zurückgewiesen werden. KW - Zeitlichkeit KW - Zeitwahrnehmung KW - Geschwindigkeit KW - Entschleunigung KW - Technik KW - Digitalisierung KW - Notwendigkeit KW - Unmittelbarkeit KW - Weltlichkeit KW - Sorge Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/00787191.2017.1345433 SN - 0078-7191 SN - 1745-9214 VL - 46 IS - 3 SP - 287 EP - 297 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, David T1 - Fair allocation of cost reductions for a scale-based product family in a hierarchically structured firm T2 - International Journal of Product Development Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1504/IJPD.2017.10006084 SN - 1741-8178 SN - 1477-9056 VL - 22 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 20 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wolf, Markus T1 - Dekonstruktion der Neutralität. Subjektive Rechte und Politik am Beispiel des „Kopftuchstreits“ T2 - Rechtsphilosophie. Zeitschrift für Grundlagen des Rechts Y1 - 2017 SN - 2364-1355 VL - 3 IS - 2 SP - 171 EP - 189 ER - TY - GEN A1 - La Batut, Benoit de A1 - Fergani, Omar A1 - Brotan, Vegard A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - El Mansouri, Mohamed T1 - Analytical and Numerical Temperature Prediction in Direct Metal Deposition of Ti6Al4V T2 - Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/jmmp1010003 SN - 2504-4494 VL - 1 IS - 1 SP - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Franken, Tim A1 - Sommerhoff, Arnd A1 - Willems, Werner A1 - Matrisciano, Andrea A1 - Lehtiniemi, Harry A1 - Borg, Anders A1 - Netzer, Corinna A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - Advanced Predictive Diesel Combustion Simulation Using Turbulence Model and Stochastic Reactor Model T2 - SAE technical paper KW - Advanced Predictive Y1 - 2017 UR - http://papers.sae.org/2017-01-0516 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4271/2017-01-0516 SN - 0148-7191 SN - 0096-5170 N1 - WCX™ 17: SAE World Congress Experience ER - TY - GEN A1 - Thommes, Kirsten A1 - Grund, Christian T1 - The Role of Contract Types for Employees’ Public Service Motivation T2 - Schmalenbach Business Review N2 - The intention of “doing good for society” is regarded to be a crucial motivator for employees in the public sector in order for them to perform well. Recent research in the public sector literature calls for a deeper understanding of how this specific public service motivation (PSM) is shaped. In our paper, we analyze how different degrees of inclusion in the public sector matter for PSM. We investigate how prospects of employment relations (fixed-term versus permanent contracts) and temporal differences (part-time versus full-time employment) moderate PSM in the public and in the private service. Our findings show that aspects of PSM are related by these employment characteristics in various ways, suggesting that the factors influencing PSM are multifaceted and that actual employment conditions need to be taken into consideration when assessing PSM. KW - Part-time work KW - Public sector KW - Public service motivation KW - Temporary contracts Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s41464-017-0033-z SN - 1439-2917 SN - 2194-072X ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fersch, Thomas A1 - Weigel, Robert A1 - Kölpin, Alexander T1 - A CDMA Modulation Technique for Automotive Time-of-Flight LiDAR Systems T2 - IEEE Sensors Journal Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2017.2688126 SN - 1530-437X SN - 1558-1748 VL - 17 IS - 11 SP - 3507 EP - 3516 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hierold, Martin A1 - Weigel, Robert A1 - Kölpin, Alexander T1 - Assessment of Transmitter Initiated Wake-Up Radio Versus Pure Wake-Up Receiver Decoding T2 - IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWC.2017.2678446 SN - 1531-1309 SN - 1558-1764 VL - 27 IS - 4 SP - 413 EP - 415 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lurz, Fabian A1 - Lindner, Stefan A1 - Linz, Sarah A1 - Mann, Sebastian A1 - Weigel, Robert A1 - Kölpin, Alexander T1 - High- Speed Resonant Surface Acoustic Wave Instrumentation Based on Instantaneous Frequency Measurement T2 - IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TIM.2016.2642618 SN - 0018-9456 SN - 1557-9662 VL - 66 IS - 5 SP - 974 EP - 984 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Linz, Sarah A1 - Oesterle, Florian A1 - Lindner, Stefan A1 - Mann, Sebastian A1 - Weigel, Robert A1 - Kölpin, Alexander T1 - Test Method for Contactless On-wafer MEMS Characterization and Production Monitoring T2 - IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2016.2612664 SN - 0018-9480 SN - 1557-9670 VL - 64 IS - 11 SP - 3918 EP - 3926 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kölpin, Alexander A1 - Lurz, Fabian A1 - Linz, Sarah A1 - Mann, Sebastian A1 - Will, Christoph A1 - Lindner, Stefan T1 - Six-Port Based Interferometry for Precise Radar and Sensing Application T2 - Sensors Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/s16101556 SN - 1424-8220 VL - 16 IS - 10 SP - 1556 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Steinhäußer, Frank A1 - Talai, Armin A1 - Kölpin, Alexander A1 - Weigel, Robert A1 - Bittner, Achim A1 - Schmid, Ulrich T1 - Permittivity Reduction and Surface Modification by Porosification of LTCC T2 - Ceramics International Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2016.02.149 SN - 0272-8842 VL - 42 IS - 7 SP - 8925 EP - 8931 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pitsoulis, Athanassios A1 - Schwuchow, Sören C. T1 - Holding out for a better deal: Brinkmanship in the Greek bailout negotiations T2 - European Journal of Political Economy N2 - Greece and its creditors concluded negotiations over a third bailout by signing a Memorandum of Understanding on 19 August 2015. The dominant view among most economic policy analysts and commentators seems to be that the actions of the Greek government in the months before the deal had been erratic and lacked coordination. In this paper we argue instead that the decisions of the Greek leaders, including asking the voters to reject the earlier terms demanded by the creditors in a referendum, can be rationally explained by the logic of brinkmanship. We develop a game-theoretic model to show that the actions of the Greek government are consistent with a strategy aimed at getting a better bailout deal. KW - Greek debt crisis KW - Crisis management KW - Brinkmanship Y1 - 2017 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0176268016301574 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2016.08.011 SN - 0176-2680 VL - 48 SP - 40 EP - 53 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Steinhäußer, Frank A1 - Talai, Armin A1 - Sandulache, Gabriela A1 - Weigel, Robert A1 - Kölpin, Alexander A1 - Hansal, Wolfgang A1 - Bittner, Achim A1 - Schmid, Ulrich T1 - Pulse Plated Silver Metallization on Porosified Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramics for High Frequency Applications T2 - Microelectronics Reliability Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microrel.2016.02.010 SN - 0026-2714 VL - 60 SP - 93 EP - 100 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Talai, Armin A1 - Gold, Gerald A1 - Frank, Martin A1 - Mann, Sebastian A1 - Weigel, Robert A1 - Kölpin, Alexander T1 - A Coplanar Waveguide Resonator Based In-Line Material Characterization Sensor for Bulk and Metallized Dielectrics T2 - Frequenz Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/freq-2016-0201 SN - 0016-1136 SN - 2191-6349 VL - 71 IS - 3-4 SP - 173 EP - 184 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dressler, Falko A1 - Ripperger, Simon A1 - Hierold, Martin A1 - Nowak, Thorsten A1 - Eibel, Christopher A1 - Cassens, Björn A1 - Mayer, Frieder A1 - Meyer-Wegener, Klaus A1 - Kölpin, Alexander T1 - From Radio Telemetry to Ultra-Low Power Sensor Networks - Tracking Bats in the Wild T2 - IEEE Communications Magazine Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/MCOM.2016.7378438 SN - 0163-6804 VL - 54 IS - 1 SP - 129 EP - 135 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Chun, K. R. Julian A1 - Schmidt, Boris A1 - Kuck, Karl-Heinz A1 - Andresen, Dietrich A1 - Willems, Stefan A1 - Spitzer, Stefan G. A1 - Hoffmann, Ellen A1 - Schumacher, Burghard A1 - Eckardt, Lars A1 - Seidl, Karlheinz A1 - Jünger, Claus A1 - Horack, Martin A1 - Brachmann, Johannes A1 - Senges, Jochen T1 - Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation in the young T2 - Clinical Research in Cardiology Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00392-013-0553-6 SN - 1861-0684 SN - 1861-0692 VL - 102 IS - 6 SP - 459 EP - 468 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wasmer, Kristina A1 - Köbe, Julia A1 - Andresen, Dietrich A1 - Zahn, Ralf A1 - Spitzer, Stefan G. A1 - Jehle, Joachim A1 - Brachmann, Johannes A1 - Stellbrink, Christoph A1 - Martens, Eimo A1 - Hochadel, Matthias A1 - Senges, Jochen A1 - Klein, Helmut A1 - Eckhardt, Lars T1 - Comparing outcome of patients with coronary artery disease and dilated cardiomyopathy in ICD and CRT recipients: data from the German DEVICE—registry T2 - Clinical Research in Cardiology Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00392-013-0559-0 SN - 1861-0684 SN - 1861-0692 VL - 102 IS - 7 SP - 513 EP - 521 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ghanbari, Aline Azizi A1 - Dörr, Rolf A1 - Spitzer, Stefan G. A1 - Stumpf, Jürgen A1 - Britz, Andreas A1 - Amann-Zalan, Ildiko A1 - Lodwig, Volker A1 - Ulm, Bernhard A1 - Schnell, Oliver A1 - Lohmann, Tobias T1 - Adiponectin in coronary heart disease and newly diagnosed impaired glucose tolerance T2 - Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/1479164113490179 SN - 1752-8984 SN - 1479-1641 VL - 10 IS - 5 SP - 452 EP - 458 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Verma, Atul A1 - Debruyne, Philippe A1 - Nardi, Stefano A1 - Deneke, Thomas A1 - DeGreef, Yves A1 - Spitzer, Stefan G. A1 - Balzer, Jörn O. A1 - Börsma, Lucas T1 - Evaluation and Reduction fo Asymptomatic Cerebral Embolism in Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation, but High Prevalence of Chronic Silent Infarction T2 - Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCEP.113.000612 SN - 1941-3149 SN - 1941-3084 VL - 6 IS - 5 SP - 835 EP - 842 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Indra, Arindam A1 - Menezes, Prashanth W. A1 - Das, Chittaranjan A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Driess, Matthias T1 - Alkaline electrochemical water oxidation with multi-shelled cobalt manganese oxide hollow spheres T2 - Chemical Communications N2 - Multi-shelled hollow spheres of cobalt manganese oxides (CMOs) deposited on Ni foam exhibited superior alkaline electrochemical water oxidation activity and surpassed those of bulk CMO and commercial noble metal-based catalysts. A higher amount of cobalt in the spinel structure resulted in the transformation of the tetragonal to the cubic phase with a decrease in the overpotential of oxygen evolution. KW - Water oxidation KW - Cobalt manganese oxides (CMOs) KW - Multi-shelled hollow spheres KW - Near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) KW - Cyclic voltammetry KW - Scanning electron microscopy Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/C7CC03566G SN - 1359-7345 SN - 1364-548X VL - 53 IS - 62 SP - 8641 EP - 8644 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knopp, Lothar T1 - Zeitbeamtenverhältnis verfassungswidrig? - "Kanzleramt" auf dem gerichtlichen Prüfstand T2 - Zeitschrift für Beamtenrecht Y1 - 2017 SN - 0514-2571 IS - 7/8 SP - 235 EP - 239 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Laugwitz, Marvin A1 - Voswinckel, Holger A1 - Hirt, Gerhard A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Development of tooling concepts to increase geometrical accuracy in high speed incremental hole flanging T2 - International Journal of Material Forming Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12289-017-1356-5 SN - 1960-6206 SN - 1960-6214 VL - 11 IS - 4 SP - 471 EP - 477 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klepel, Olaf A1 - Danneberg, Nina A1 - Suckow, Matthias A1 - Erlitz, Marcel T1 - Carbon Replicas of Porous Concrete Obtained by Chemical Vapor Deposition - Some Aspects of the Synthesis Mechanism T2 - Materials Sciences and Applications Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4236/msa.2017.88043 SN - 2153-117X SN - 2153-1188 VL - 8 IS - 8 SP - 614 EP - 627 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seidlitz, Holger A1 - Fritzsche, Sebastian A1 - Kloshek, Alexander A1 - Ambrosio, Marcello T1 - Advanced welding technology for highly stressable multi material designs with fiber-reinforced plastics and metals T2 - Open Journal of Composite Materials N2 - Organic sheets made out of fiber-reinforced thermoplastics are able to make a crucial contribution to increase the lightweight potential of a design. They show high specific strength- and stiffness properties, good damping characteristics and recycling capabilities, while being able to show a higher energy absorption capacity than comparable metal constructions. Nowadays, multi-material designs are an established way in the automotive industry to combine the benefits of metal and fiber-reinforced plastics. Currently used technologies for the joining of organic sheets and metals in large-scale production are mechanical joining technologies and adhesive technologies. Both techniques require large overlapping areas that are not required in the design of the part. Additionally, mechanical joining is usually combined with “fiber-destroying” pre-drilling and punching processes. This will disturb the force flux at the joining location by causing unwanted fiber- and inter-fiber failure and inducing critical notch stresses. Therefore, the multi-material design with fiber-reinforced thermoplastics and metals needs optimized joining techniques that don’t interrupt the force flux, so that higher loads can be induced and the full benefit of the FRP material can be used. This article focuses on the characterization of a new joining technology, based on the Cold Metal Transfer (CMT) welding process that allows joining of organic sheets and metals in a load path optimized way, with short cycle times. This is achieved by redirecting the fibers around the joining area by the insertion of a thin metal pin. The path of the fibers will be similar to paths of fibers inside structures found in nature, e.g. a knothole inside of a tree. As a result of the bionic fiber design of the joint, high joining strengths can be achieved. The increase of the joint strength compared to blind riveting was performed and proven with stainless steel and orthotropic reinforced composites in shear-tests based on the DIN EN ISO 14273. Every specimen joined with the new CMT Pin joining technology showed a higher strength than specimens joined with one blind rivet. Specimens joined with two or three pin rows show a higher strength than specimens joined with two blind rivets. KW - Multi-Material Design KW - Fiber Reinforced Plastics KW - Lightweight Automotive Structures Y1 - 2017 UR - https://www.scirp.org/Journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=77822 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4236/ojcm.2017.73010 SN - 2164-5655 SN - 2164 -5612 VL - 7 IS - 3 SP - 166 EP - 177 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Thommes, Kirsten A1 - Klabuhn, Janny T1 - Age diversity and its effects on team performance T2 - Academy of Management Annual Meeting Proceedings Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5465/AMBPP.2017.108 SN - 2151-6561 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Travnikov, Vadim A1 - Zaussinger, Florian A1 - Beltrame, Philippe A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Influence of the temperature-dependent viscosity on convective flow in the radial force field T2 - Physical Review / E Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.96.023108 SN - 2470-0053 VL - 96 IS - 2 SP - 023108 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Caviedes-Voullième, Daniel A1 - Morales-Hernández, Mario A1 - Juez, Carmelo A1 - Lacasta, Asier A1 - García-Navarro, Pilar T1 - Two-Dimensional Numerical Simulation of Bed-Load Transport of a Finite-Depth Sediment Layer: Applications to Channel Flushing T2 - Journal of Hydraulic Engineering N2 - Numerical modeling of bed-load transport in shallow flows, particularly oriented toward environmental flows, is an active field of research. Nevertheless, other possible applications exist. In particular, bed-load transport phenomena are relevant in urban drainage systems, including sewers. However, few applications of coupled two-dimensional (2D) shallow-water and bed-load transport models can be found, and their transfer from environmental applications — usually river and floodplain — into sewer applications requires some adaptation. Unlike to river systems, where there is a thick layer of sediment that constitutes a movable riverbed, sewer systems have thin layers of sediment that need to be removed, thus exposing a rigid, nonerodible surface. This problem requires careful numerical treatment to avoid generating errors and instability in the simulation. This paper deals with a numerical approach to tackle this issue in an efficient way that allows large-scale studies to be performed and provides empirical evidence that the proposed approach is accurate and applicable for sewage and channel-flushing problems. KW - Shallow water KW - Exner equation KW - Maximum erodability KW - Finite-depth sediment layer KW - Thin sediment layer KW - Partially erodible bed KW - Channel flushing KW - Graphics-processing unit (GPU) computing Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0001337 SN - 0733-9429 SN - 1943-7900 VL - 143 IS - 9 SP - 04017034 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Porteous, Ric A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Moreau, Danielle J. A1 - Doolan, Con T1 - A correction method for acoustic source localisation in convex shear layer geometries T2 - Applied Acoustics Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2017.09.020 SN - 0003-682X VL - 130 SP - 128 EP - 132 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maikämper, Moritz A1 - Jenet, Gunnar A1 - Hendriks, Birger T1 - The merger of a university. The case of Brandenburg University of Technology (BTU), Germany T2 - Journal of the European Higher Education Area N2 - In 2013, the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus and the University of Applied Sciences of Lusatia were merged due to a decision by the parliament of the Federal State of Brandenburg, Germany. This article explains the background to this merger, the specific reasons and aims. Furthermore, it presents the phases of the merger and experiences from different perspectives. The case of BTU proves that a merger of two higher education institutions takes time, additional budget and huge engagement of all actors involved. KW - Higher Education Institutions KW - Change Management KW - Organisational Development KW - Merger Y1 - 2017 SN - 2192-0109 IS - 3 SP - 81 EP - 101 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stegmann, Knut A1 - Kuban, Sabine T1 - „Ruhelos und unsteten Sinnes“ – Zur Bedeutung des Stahlbetonpioniers Gustav Adolf Wayss (1851–1917) T1 - “Restless and unsettled” – Gustav Adolf Wayss, a pioneer of reinforced concrete (1851–1917) T2 - Beton- und Stahlbetonbau N2 - Gustav Adolf Wayss, Herausgeber der bekannten „Monierbroschüre“ von 1887 und Mitbegründer einiger der bedeutendsten Stahlbetonfirmen, gehört zu den umstrittensten Protagonisten des frühen Stahlbetonbaus in Deutschland. Teile der Literatur feiern ihn als erfolgreichen Ingenieur, der zentrale Grundlagen für die Einführung des Stahlbetonbaus gelegt hat. Andere Texte charakterisieren ihn als schlecht ausgebildeten Ingenieur, der wegen seines unsteten Charakters geschäftlich nicht langfristig erfolgreich war. Im Blick war bisher vor allem der Zeitraum um das Erscheinen der Monierbroschüre. Anlässlich des hundertsten Todestags beschäftigt sich der vorliegende Artikel mit Wayss’ gesamtem Leben und Wirken, um einen neuen Blick auf diesen Ingenieur zu ermöglichen. Weiterhin zeigt die Auseinandersetzung mit Wayss auch, wie Bautechnikgeschichte geschrieben wird. N2 - Gustav Adolf Wayss, editor of the well-known “Monier Brochure” published in 1887 and founder of some of Germany’s most renowned companies for reinforced concrete construction, has a very controversial reputation. Some contemporaries and researchers describe him as a successful engineer who laid the foundations for establishing reinforced concrete. Others characterise him as a poorly trained engineer who, due to his restless and unsettled character, was not successful in his business in the long run. So far, papers on Wayss mainly focus on the time when the Monier Brochure was published. On the occasion of the hundredth anniversary of his death, the present paper puts Wayss’ entire life and work into focus in order to provide a new perspective. This case study further offers possibilities to examine how construction history is written. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/best.201700035 SN - 1437-1006 VL - 112 IS - 8 SP - 545 EP - 555 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Biswas, Anirban A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Mandal, Dipankar T1 - Comparison of the thermal stability of the α, β and γ phases in poly(vinylidene fluoride) based on in situ thermal Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy T2 - Phase Transitions N2 - The electroactive β phase of poly(vinylidenefluoride) (PVDF) is induced due to the aging time of PVDF solutions. The feasibility of the combination of the three crystalline polymorphs (α, β and γ) is demonstrated where their relative proportion within the PVDF film can be tailored by the simple monitoring of the preparation conditions. To identify all these phases, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy is carried out and it is spotlighted that the vibrational bands at 510 and 841 cm-1 are not sufficient to state the formation of the β phase. The main aim of this work is devoted to develop a better understanding on the thermal stability of these several phases of PVDF, which has a longstanding ambiguity persisting in this area. It has been found that the in situ thermal FT-IR spectroscopy is one of the best alternatives to understand this important issue. It is ascertained that the β phase is the least thermally stable phase among α, β and γ phases, whereas the γ phase is the most thermally stable phase. KW - PVDF KW - thermal stability KW - β-phase KW - infrared spectroscopy KW - in situ thermal FT-IR study Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/01411594.2017.1337902 SN - 0141-1594 SN - 1029-0338 VL - 90 IS - 12 SP - 1205 EP - 1213 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Redeker, Imke A1 - Wunderlich, Ralf T1 - Portfolio optimization under dynamic risk constraints: Continuous vs. discrete time trading T2 - Statistics & Risk Modeling Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/strm-2017-0001 SN - 2196-7040 SN - 2193-1402 VL - 35 IS - 1-2 SP - 1 EP - 21 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sass, Jörn A1 - Westphal, Dorothee A1 - Wunderlich, Ralf T1 - Expert Opinions and Logarithmic Utility Maximization for Multivariate Stock Returns with Gaussian Drift T2 - International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219024917500224 SN - 0219-0249 SN - 1793-6322 VL - 20 IS - 4 SP - 1750022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Santhanakrishnan Balakrishnan, Venkateswaran A1 - Seidlitz, Holger A1 - Ambrosio, Marcello A1 - Schuhmann, Tilo T1 - Study on the Quality of Quasi-Isotropic Composite Laminates Containing a Circular Hole T2 - Journal of Materials Science Research N2 - Composite structures used in modern engineering applications are often subjected to circular holes in order to join with metal components via riveting, bolting or pinning joints. These design based holes will interrupt the force flux in the direction of the fibers and create high stress concentrations near the notched area. Objective of the project is to understand the quality of the quasi-isotropic composite laminates ([45°, -45°, 0°, 90°]S) containing circular hole. To achieve this objective, a 3-phase portal milling machine and a 5kW continuous wave (cw) CO2 laser system were used to produce the circular holes in the composite laminates. The processing parameters for both the processes are varied to understand its influence. The quality of the circular hole produced by these methods are further investigated and compared in order to arrive at the optimum processing parameters for the given quasi-isotropic composite laminates. The hole qualities were evaluated by means of delamination factor caused by milling; cone angle, matrix evaporation for cw-CO2 laser system. For further comparisons, the optimal parameter combinations of both methods were selected for a tensile test according to the standard ASTM D5766-2002. KW - circular hole KW - composite KW - CO2 laser KW - drilling KW - fiber reinforced polymer KW - FRP KW - notch Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5539/jmsr.v6n4p67 SN - 1927-0593 SN - 1927-0585 VL - 6 IS - 4 SP - 67 EP - 78 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Luong, Thi Mai Hoa A1 - Zabel, Volkmar A1 - Lorenz, Werner A1 - Rohrmann, Rolf G. T1 - Non-destructive Assessment of the Axial Stress State in Iron and Steel Truss Structures by Dynamic Measurements T2 - Procedia Engineering N2 - This paper is concerned with the inverse identification of the stress state in axially loaded slender members of iron and steel truss structures using measured dynamic data. A methodology is proposed based on the finite element model updating coupled with nature-inspired optimization techniques, in particular the particle swarm optimization. The numerical model of truss structures is calibrated using natural frequencies and mode shapes from vibration tests, as well as additional information of the axial forces in selected truss members based on the experimentally identified modal parameters. The results of the identification are the axial forces or corresponding stresses in truss structures and the joint rigidity in relation to pinned and rigid conditions. Attention is given to several examined aspects, including the effects of the axial tensile and compressive forces on the dynamic responses of trusses, mode pairing criteria, as well as modeling assumptions of joints and the use of a joint rigidity parameter. Considering the pairing of modes, it is performed by adapting an enhanced modal assurance criterion that allows the selection of desired clusters of degrees-of-freedom. Thus, information extracted from the measurements related to specific modes is utilized in a more beneficial way. For modeling of joints, the numerical model of a truss structure includes rotational springs of variable stiffness to represent semi-rigid connections. Moreover, a fixity factor is introduced for practical estimation of the joint flexibility. The effectiveness of the proposed methodology is demonstrated by case studies involving simulated and laboratory experimental data. KW - Lightweight truss structures KW - stress state KW - modal parameters KW - finite element model updating KW - nature-inspired optimization technique Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.09.447 SN - 1877-7058 VL - 199 SP - 3380 EP - 3385 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Launert, Benjamin A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut T1 - Weld residual stresses effects in the design of welded plate girders: Simulation and Implementation T2 - Ce/papers N2 - Eurocode 3 offers different possibilities on a numerically-aided design of welded plate girders. In this, a geometrically and materially nonlinear analysis of the imperfect structure (GMNIA) provides the theoretically highest possible degree of realism. A correct implementation of “imperfections” is of critical importance in the practical application of this method. The current design rules are based on long term experience in terms of traditional (“old”) welding procedures and regular (“low strength”) steel grades. Thus, they provide very approximate (but safe) rules for these structures. With the introduction of modern shop welding operations and materials, many of these assumptions seem to be over-conservative. A revision of these rules is being processed in different national and international research projects. This particular study focusses on the weld residual stresses and their effects in conventional steel S355 and high strength steel S690. Metal active gas (MAG) welding under shop welding conditions was used. The measurement of weld residual stresses on component-like samples (carried out by the BAM Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung in Berlin) has been widely published. The hereupon based (simplified) welding simulation as part of a subsequent structural analysis is shown here. A novel numerical approach how to directly incorporate the results into large structural components models is presented. The capacity analysis is performed on a simple example for weak-axis buckling. The results indicate significant improvements in the utilization of load-bearing capacity and underline the superior buckling assignment for the S690 compared to conventional S355. The experimental validation of the findings is currently being prepared. KW - Stability KW - Welding imperfections KW - Residual stresses KW - Welding simulation KW - Nonlinear analysis Y1 - 2017 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cepa.144/abstract U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cepa.144 SN - 2509-7075 VL - 1 IS - 2-3 SP - 1039 EP - 1047 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krausche, Thomas A1 - Launert, Benjamin A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut T1 - A study on the prediction of welding effects in steel box girders T2 - Ce/papers N2 - For standard sections including I-girders and rectangular box girders, several approaches on geometrical and structural imperfections are given in the literature, which can be implemented in a numerical analysis. For complex sections, as found in many of today's lightweight roof structures, these assumptions are conservative due to the sections typically unique shape, which leads to increased thicknesses or additional stiffening of the plates. This, on the other hand, can significantly affect fabrication costs. This paper aims to provide an overview on the possibilities in the numerical prediction of weld residual stresses and weld-induced deformations for these sections. The obtained values can be used in a subsequent numerical analysis to understand the structural behavior and optimize the design. A representative example on a section used in a steel compression ring is described and analyzed using the numerical welding simulation. A simplification of the originally transient weld procedure is used in order to reduce computation times to a practically reasonable level. In this context, the Abaqus Welding Interface (AWI) helps to automate working steps in conjunction with the definition of weld passes and their sequencing, which shall be shown in here. The applicability of this method is discussed showing also a need of further investigations in this field. This is especially with regard to result quality, which requires some experimental back-up. Nonetheless, this method could already help to show up tendencies or to identify potential critical spots in the design. KW - Innovative structures KW - Welding simulation KW - Abaqus Welding Interface Y1 - 2017 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cepa.500/abstract U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cepa.500 SN - 2509-7075 VL - 1 IS - 2-3 SP - 4410 EP - 4416 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spallek, Lena A1 - Yilmaz-Aslan, Yüce A1 - Klein-Ellinghaus, Funda A1 - Gök, Yeşim A1 - Zeeb, Hajo A1 - Kolip, Petra A1 - Spallek, Jacob T1 - Deficits in psycho-oncological care among Turkish immigrant women with breast cancer in Germany – an interview study T2 - International Journal of Psychotherapy Practice and Research Y1 - 2017 UR - http://openaccesspub.org/ijpr/article/590 U6 - https://doi.org/10.14302/issn.2574-612X.ijpr-17-1746 SN - 2574-612X VL - 1 IS - 2 SP - 1 EP - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cibrev, Dejan A1 - Tallarida, Massimo A1 - Das, Chittaranjan A1 - Lana-Villarreal, Teresa A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Gómez, Roberto T1 - New insights into water photooxidation on reductively pretreated hematite photoanodes T2 - Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics N2 - It has been recently demonstrated that the photoactivity toward oxygen evolution of a number of n-type metal oxides can be substantially improved by a reductive electrochemical pretreatment. Such an enhancement has been primarily linked to the formation of low valent metal species that increase electrode conductivity. In this work, we report new insights into the electrochemical doping using highly ordered (110)-oriented hematite nanorods directly grown on FTO. The reductive pretreatment consists in applying negative potentials for a controlled period of time. Such a pretreatment was optimized in both potentiostatic and potentiodynamic regimes. We show that the optimized pretreatment enhances electrode conductivity due to an increase in charge carrier density. However, it additionally triggers changes in the morphologic, catalytic and electronic properties that facilitate the separation and collection of the photogenerated charge carriers causing an up to 8-fold enhancement in the photocurrent for water oxidation. The reductive pretreatment can be considered as a highly controllable electrochemical n-type doping with the amount of generated Fe2+/polaron species and the change in film morphology as the main factors determining the final efficiency for water photooxidation of the resulting electrodes. KW - hematite KW - photoanode KW - water oxidation KW - water splitting Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/C7CP03958A SN - 1463-9076 SN - 1463-9084 VL - 19 IS - 32 SP - 21807 EP - 21817 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fein, Raimund T1 - Una questione di rapporti T2 - Architettura civile Y1 - 2015 SN - 2281-5996 IS - 15 SP - 18 EP - 19 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fein, Raimund T1 - Games of Illusions T2 - Technical Transactions Architecture Y1 - 2015 SN - 0011-4561 VL - 14 IS - 8-A SP - 57 EP - 59 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Martin, Ivo A1 - Bestle, Dieter T1 - Automated eigenmode classification for airfoils in the presence of fixation uncertainties T2 - Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence N2 - Abstract Automated structural design optimization should take into acc ount risk of failure which depends on eigenmodes, since eigenmode shap es determine failure risk by their characteristic stress concentration pattern, as well as by their specific interaction with excitations. T hus, such a process needs to be able to identify eigenmodes with low e rror rate. This is a rather challenging task, because eigenmodes depen d on the geometry of the structure which is changing during the design process, and on boundary conditions which are not clearly defined due to uncertainties in the assembly and running conditions. The present investigation aims to find a proper classification method for eigenmod es of compressor airfoils. Specific data normalization and data depend ent initialization of a neural network using principle-component direc tions as initial weight vectors have led to the development of a class ification and decision procedure enabling automatic assignment of prop er uncertainty bands to eigenfrequencies of a specific eigenmode shape . Application to compressor airfoils of a stationary gas-turbine with hammer-foot and dove-tail roots demonstrates the high performance of t he proposed procedure. KW - Principle-component analysis Y1 - 2018 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0952197617302361 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engappai.2017.09.022 SN - 0952-1976 VL - 67 SP - 187 EP - 196 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Genchev, Gancho Vladimirov A1 - Doynov, Nikolay A1 - Ossenbrink, Ralf A1 - Michailov, Vesselin A1 - Bokuchava, Gizo A1 - Petrov, Peter T1 - Residual stresses formation in multi-pass weldment: A numerical and experimental study T2 - Journal of Constructional Steel Research N2 - In this study, the residual stresses distribution induced by multi-pass arc welding of the steel S355J2+N are investigated experimentally and numerically. An extended approach is used for the simulations, which considers the change of the local microstructure properties due to multiple reheating. Experimental material data obtained from physical welding simulations with Gleeble® are used for the model calibration. The experimental stress study is performed using a neutron diffraction method on a fourier stress diffractometer. Numerical analysis of the welding stresses formation in the weldment is performed and compared to the experimental study. The results explain the influence of the welding thermal history on the resulting local thermo-mechanical properties in the heat-affected zone and, thus, on the residual stress distribution. The consideration of the local microstructure properties in the welding simulation leads to a significant increase in accuracy of the numerical results. The major influence factor on the residual stress formation is the change in the interpass microstructure yield strength. When a root pass with short cooling times is subjected to re-austenitisation in the fine-grained zone, the yield strength increases in this area and affects consequently the residual stress distribution. The influence of the reheating is detectable in the depth of the weldment, but it is less significant for the residual stress formation near the surface of the welded joint. KW - Multi-pass weldment KW - Steel S355 KW - Thermo-mechanical properties KW - Stress distribution KW - Welding simulation KW - Neutron diffraction Y1 - 2017 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0143974X17303358 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2017.08.017 SN - 0143-974X VL - 138 SP - 633 EP - 641 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Groß, Michael T1 - Heterogeneity in consumers’ mobile shopping acceptance: A finite mixture partial least squares modelling approach for exploring and characterising different shopper segments T2 - Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services KW - Mobile shopping KW - M-shopping KW - Multidimensional acceptance understanding KW - Consumer segmentation KW - Finite mixtures partial least squares KW - FIMIXPLS KW - Importance-performance matrix analysis KW - IPMA KW - Technology acceptance model KW - TAM Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2017.09.002 SN - 0969-6989 VL - 40 SP - 8 EP - 18 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Froitzheim, Andreas A1 - Merbold, Sebastian A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Velocity profiles, flow structures and scalings in a wide-gap turbulent Taylor-Couette flow T2 - Journal of Fluid Mechanics Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2017.634 SN - 0022-112 SN - 1469-7645 VL - 831 SP - 330 EP - 357 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Thommes, Kirsten A1 - Akkerman, Agnes T1 - Clean up your network - How a strike changed the social networks of a working team T2 - Team Performance Management Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1108/TPM-06-2017-0031 SN - 1352-7592 VL - 24 IS - 1/2 SP - 43 EP - 63 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pasternak, Michal A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Klauer, Christian A1 - Matrisciano, Andrea T1 - Diesel engine performance mapping using a parametrized mixing time model T2 - International Journal of Engine Research KW - Diesel engine performance Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/1468087417718115 SN - 2041-3149 SN - 1468-0874 VL - 19 IS - 2 SP - 202 EP - 213 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kube, Jana A1 - Schrimpf, Anne A1 - García-García, Isabel A1 - Villringer, Arno A1 - Neumann, Jane A1 - Horstmann, Annette T1 - Differential heart rate responses to social and monetary reinforcement in women with obesity T2 - Psychophysiology Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/psyp.12624 SN - 1540-5958 SN - 1469-8986 VL - 53 IS - 6 SP - 868 EP - 879 ER - TY - GEN A1 - García-García, Isabel A1 - Kube, Jana A1 - Gaebler, Michael A1 - Horstmann, Annette A1 - Villringer, Arno A1 - Neumann, Jane T1 - Neural processing of negative visual stimuli and the influence of age, sex, and task-related characteristics T2 - Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.04.020 SN - 1873-7528 VL - 68 SP - 773 EP - 793 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schrimpf, Anne A1 - Kube, Jana A1 - Neumann, Jane A1 - Horstmann, Annette A1 - Villringer, Arno A1 - Gaebler, Michael T1 - Parasympathetic cardio-regulation during social interactions in individuals with obesity-The influence of negative body image T2 - Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3758/s13415-016-0482-8 VL - 17 IS - 2 SP - 330 EP - 347 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Olsen, Rosanna K. A1 - Lee, Yunjo A1 - Kube, Jana A1 - Rosenbaum, R. Shayna A1 - Grady, Cheryl L. A1 - Moscovitch, Morris A1 - Ryan, Jennifer D. T1 - The role of relational binding in item memory: evidence from face recognition in a case of developmental amnesia T2 - The Journal of Neuroscience Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3987-14.2015 SN - 1529-2401 VL - 35 IS - 13 SP - 5342 EP - 5350 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kashkarov, Egor B. A1 - Nikitenkov, Nikolay A1 - Sutygina, Alina A1 - Laptev, Roman A1 - Bordulev, Yuriy A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Liedke, Maciej O. A1 - Zak, Andrzej A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Microstructure, defect structure and hydrogen trapping in zirconium alloy Zr-1Nb treated by plasma immersion Ti ion implantation and deposition T2 - Journal of Alloys and Compounds N2 - The effect of low energy plasma immersion ion implantation and deposition of titanium on microstructure, defect structure and hydrogen trapping in zirconium alloy Zr-1Nb was studied. Defect structure and distribution were analyzed by Doppler broadening using slow positron beam. The surface microstructure after modification is represented by nanostructured Ti grains with random orientation. The gradient distribution of titanium as well as vacancy type defects were analyzed. The concentration of vacancy type defects is rising with increasing bias voltage. Gas-phase hydrogenation of the Ti-modified Zr-1Nb alloy was performed at 400 °C for 60 min. The strong interaction of hydrogen with vacancy type defects was demonstrated. Two different changes in the defect structure after hydrogenation were observed: when a titanium film is formed on the surface (after deposition at 500 V) hydrogen trapping occurs with the formation of titanium hydride phases, while in the implanted layer (deposition at 1000 and 1500 V) hydrogen is trapped due to interaction with vacancy type defects. The physical basis of Ti diffusion and its influence on the evolution of defect structure after surface modification and hydrogenation were discussed. KW - Zirconium KW - Ion implantation KW - Titanium KW - Diffusion KW - Surface modification KW - Hydrogen trapping KW - Microstructure KW - Slow positrons KW - Doppler broadening KW - Defects Y1 - 2018 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925838817335879 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.10.151 SN - 0925-8388 VL - 732 SP - 80 EP - 87 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shulepov, Ivan A. A1 - Kashkarov, Egor B. A1 - Stepanov, Igor B. A1 - Syrtanov, Maxim S. A1 - Sutygina, Alina A1 - Shanenkov, Ivan A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - The Formation of Composite Ti-Al-N Coatings Using Filtered Vacuum Arc Deposition with Separate Cathodes T2 - Metals N2 - Ti-Al-N coatings were deposited on high-speed steel substrates by filtered vacuum arc deposition (FVAD) during evaporation of aluminum and titanium cathodes. Distribution of elements, phase composition, and mechanical properties of Ti-Al-N coatings were investigated using Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and nanoindentation, respectively. Additionally, tribological tests and scratch tests of the coatings were performed. The stoichiometry of the coating changes from Ti0.6Al0.4N to Ti0.48Al0.52N with increasing aluminum arc current from 70 A to 90 A, respectively. XRD and TEM showed only face-centered cubic Ti-Al-N phase with preferred orientation of the crystallites in (220) direction with respect to the sample normal and without precipitates of AlN or intermetallics inside the coatings. Incorporation of Al into the TiN lattice caused shifting of the (220) reflex to a higher 2θ angle with increasing Al content. Low content and size of microdroplets were obtained using coaxial plasma filters, which provides good mechanical and tribological properties of the coatings. The highest value of microhardness (36 GPa) and the best wear-resistance were achieved for the coating with higher Al content, thus for Ti0.48Al0.52N. These coatings exhibit good adhesive properties up to 30 N load in the scratch tests. KW - filtered vacuum arc KW - deposition KW - TiAlN KW - separate cathodes KW - phase composition KW - hardness KW - wear-resistance Y1 - 2017 UR - http://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/7/11/497/htm U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/met7110497 SN - 2075-4701 VL - 7 IS - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reichling, Thorsten A1 - Hodapp, Jan A1 - Berger, Ulrich A1 - Zürn, Michael A1 - Reichenbach, Matthias T1 - Smarte Produktionsassistenten für die wandlungsfähige Produktion (smart manufacturing assistants for the versatile production) T2 - atp edition N2 - Die heutige Automobilindustrie ist durch zunehmende Individualisierungswünsche der Kunden sowie einer Verkürzung der Konjunkturzyklen gekennzeichnet. Für Fahrzeughersteller, wie der Daimler AG äußert sich diese Marktsituation in einer hohen Variantenvielfalt und Stückzahlschwankungen. Da die Ausprägungen dieser Einflüsse weitgehend unbekannt sind, muss das Produktionssystem darauf vorbereitet sein, bedarfsgerecht der Marktsituation angepasst zu werden. Diese Anpassungen müssen schnell, mit wenig Aufwand und geringen Kosten möglich sein. Wandlungsfähige Produktionssysteme gehören deshalb zu den strategischen Erfolgsgrößen für die Automobilindustrie. Innerhalb dieses Beitrags wird ein modularer, skalierbarer Produktionsbaukasten vorgestellt, der Bestandteil einer Planungs- und Entwicklungsumgebung wandlungsfähiger roduktionskonzepte ist. Die hierfür genutzte grenzwerttheoretische Entwicklungsmethodik wird erläutert und die Skalierungsmöglichkeiten des Produktionsbaukastens mit Hilfe neuer Produktionstechnologien betrachtet. Dabei zeichnet sich die Mensch-Roboter-Kooperation als wesentlicher Bestandteil wandlungsfähiger Produktionskonzepte ab. „Smarte Produktionsassistenten“ sind intelligente und sichere Roboter-Applikationen, die sich als Möglichkeit hervortun die Mensch-Roboter-Kooperation als Schlüsseltechnologie in industriellen Anwendungen zu realisieren. KW - Wandlungsfähigkeit KW - Mensch-Roboter-Kooperation KW - Asset-to-Go KW - Machine Learning Y1 - 2017 SN - 2364-3137 SN - 0178-2320 VL - 59 IS - 5 SP - 44 EP - 51 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zlatanović, Sanja A1 - Fabian, Jenny A1 - Premke, Katrin A1 - Mutz, Michael T1 - Shading and sediment structure effects on stream metabolism resistance and resilience to infrequent droughts T2 - Science of The Total Environment KW - Sediment heterogeneity KW - Microbes KW - Climate change Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.105 SN - 1879-1026 SN - 0048-9697 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kraemer, Rolf T1 - Challenges and Ideas to Achieve Wireless 100 Gb/s Transmission: An Overview of Challenges and Solutions within the German Research Foundation (DFG) Special Priority Program SPP1655 T2 - Frequenz: Journal of RF-Engineering and Telecommunications Y1 - 2017 SN - 2191-6349 SN - 0016-1136 VL - 71 IS - 9-10 SP - 363 EP - 377 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mendoza-Lera, Clara T1 - Does homogenisation of stream bed sediment samples influence their respiration? T2 - Limnology KW - Sediment sampling KW - Percolation columns Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10201-017-0531-1 SN - 1439-863X VL - 19 IS - 2 SP - 165 EP - 169 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kuhn, Ramona A1 - Böllmann, Jörg A1 - Krahl, Kathrin A1 - Bryant, Isaac Mbir A1 - Martienssen, Marion T1 - Comparison of ten different DNA extraction procedures with respect to their suitability for environmental samples T2 - Journal of Microbiological Methods N2 - DNA extraction for molecular biological applications usually requires target optimized extraction procedures depending on the origin of the samples. For environmental samples, a range of different procedures has been developed. We compared the applicability and efficiency of ten selected DNA extraction methods published in recent literature using four different environmental samples namely: activated sludge from a domestic wastewater treatment plant, river sediment, anaerobic digestion sludge and nitrifying enrichment culture. We assessed the suitability of the extraction procedures based on both DNA yield and quality. DNA quantification was performed by both ultra violet (UV) spectrophotometry and fluorescence spectrophotometry after staining with PicoGreen. In our study, DNA yields based on UV measurement were overestimated in most cases while DNA yields from fluorescence measurements correlated well with the sample load on agarose gels of crude DNA. The quality of the DNA extracts was determined by gel electrophoresis of crude DNA and PCR products from 16S rDNA with the universal primer set 27f/1525r. It was observed that gel electrophoresis of crude DNA was not always suitable to evaluate DNA integrity and purity since interfering background substances (e.g. humic substances) were not visible. Therefore, we strongly recommend examining the DNA quality of both crude DNA and 16S rDNA PCR products by gel electrophoresis when a new extraction method is established. Summarizing, we found four out of ten extraction procedures being applicable to all tested samples without noticeable restrictions. The procedure G (according to the standard method 432_10401 of the Lower Saxony State Office for Consumer Protection and Food Safety) had the broadest application range over procedure J (published by Wilson, 2001). These were followed by procedures F (Singka et al., 2012) and A (Bourrain et al., 1999). All four extraction procedures delivered reliable and reproducible crude DNA and PCR products. From an economical point of view, all procedures tested during this study were cheaper compared to commercial DNA extraction kits. KW - DNA extraction KW - DNA quantification KW - DNA yield KW - Environmental samples KW - Gel electrophoresis KW - PicoGreen Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2017.10.007 SN - 0167-7012 VL - 143 SP - 78 EP - 86 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bovenzi, Nicandro A1 - Caprara, Sergio A1 - Grilli, Marco A1 - Raimondi, Roberto A1 - Scopigno, Niccolò A1 - Seibold, Götz T1 - Density inhomogeneities and Rashba spin-orbit coupling interplay in oxide interfaces T2 - Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids N2 - There is steadily increasing evidence that the two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) formed at the interface of some insulating oxides like LaAlO3/SrTiO3 and LaTiO3/SrTiO3 is strongly inhomogeneous. The inhomogeneous distribution of electron density is accompanied by an inhomogeneous distribution of the (self-consistent) electric field confining the electrons at the interface. In turn this inhomogeneous transverse electric field induces an inhomogeneous Rashba spin-orbit coupling (RSOC). After an introductory summary on two mechanisms possibly giving rise to an electronic phase separation accounting for the above inhomogeneity, we introduce a phenomenological model to describe the density-dependent RSOC and its consequences. Besides being itself a possible source of inhomogeneity or charge-density waves, the density-dependent RSOC gives rise to interesting physical effects like the occurrence of inhomogeneous spin-current distributions and inhomogeneous quantum-Hall states with chiral “edge” states taking place in the bulk of the 2DEG. The inhomogeneous RSOC can also be exploited for spintronic devices since it can be used to produce a disorder-robust spin Hall effect. Y1 - 2017 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022369717305991 SN - 0022-3697 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Benfatto, Lara A1 - Castellani, Claudio T1 - Application of the Mattis-Bardeen theory in strongly disordered superconductors T2 - Physical Review B N2 - The low-energy optical conductivity of conventional superconductors is usually well described by Mattis-Bardeen (MB) theory, which predicts the onset of absorption above an energy corresponding to twice the superconducing (SC) gap parameter Δ. Recent experiments on strongly disordered superconductors have challenged the application of the MB formulas due to the occurrence of additional spectral weight at low energies below 2Δ. Here we identify three crucial items that have to be included in the analysis of optical-conductivity data for these systems: (a) the correct identification of the optical threshold in the Mattis-Bardeen theory and its relation with the gap value extracted from the measured density of states, (b) the gauge-invariant evaluation of the current-current response function needed to account for the optical absorption by SC collective modes, and (c) the inclusion into the MB formula of the energy dependence of the density of states present already above Tc. By computing the optical conductivity in the disordered attractive Hubbard model, we analyze the relevance of all these items, and we provide a compelling scheme for the analysis and interpretation of the optical data in real materials. KW - Superconductivity KW - Superconductivity fluctuations KW - Impurities in superconductors Y1 - 2017 UR - https://journals.aps.org/prb/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevB.96.144507 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.96.144507 VL - 96 IS - 14 SP - 144507 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Miao, Hu A1 - Lorenzana, José A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Peng, Yingying A1 - Amorese, Andrea A1 - Yakhou-Harris, Flora A1 - Kummer, Kurt A1 - Brookes, Nicholas B. A1 - Konik, R. M. A1 - Thampy, Vivek A1 - Gu, G. D. A1 - Ghiringhelli, Giacomo Claudio A1 - Braicovich, Lucio A1 - Dean, M. P. M. T1 - High-temperature charge density wave correlations in La1.875Ba0.125CuO4 without spin–charge locking T2 - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America PNAS N2 - Although all superconducting cuprates display charge-ordering tendencies, their low-temperature properties are distinct, impeding efforts to understand the phenomena within a single conceptual framework. While some systems exhibit stripes of charge and spin, with a locked periodicity, others host charge density waves (CDWs) without any obviously related spin order. Here we use resonant inelastic X-ray scattering to follow the evolution of charge correlations in the canonical stripe-ordered cuprate La1.875Ba0.125CuO4 across its ordering transition. We find that high-temperature charge correlations are unlocked from the wavevector of the spin correlations, signaling analogies to CDW phases in various other cuprates. This indicates that stripe order at low temperatures is stabilized by the coupling of otherwise independent charge and spin density waves, with important implications for the relation between charge and spin correlations in the cuprates. KW - charge density waves KW - stripes KW - high-temperature superconductivity KW - cuprates KW - X-rays Y1 - 2017 UR - http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2017/10/31/1708549114.abstract U6 - https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1708549114 SN - 1091-6490 SN - 0027-8424 VL - 114 IS - 47 SP - 12430 EP - 12435 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoeltgen, Laurent T1 - Understanding image inpainting with the help of the Helmholtz equation T2 - Mathematical Sciences N2 - Partial differential equations have recently been used for image compression purposes. One of the most successful frameworks solves the Laplace equation using a weighting scheme to determine the importance of individual pixels. We provide a physical interpretation of this approach in terms of the Helmholtz equation which explains its superiority. For better reconstruction quality, we subsequently formulate an optimisation task for the corresponding finite difference discretisation to maximise the influence of the physical traits of the Helmholtz equation. Our findings show that sharper contrasts and lower errors in the reconstruction are possible. KW - Laplace interpolation Helmholtz equation Image inpainting Finite difference scheme Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s40096-017-0207-3 SN - 2008-1359 VL - 11 IS - 1 SP - 73 EP - 77 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Worlitz, Jane A1 - Stabler, Anne A1 - Peplowsky, Stefan A1 - Woll, Ralf T1 - Video Tutorials: An Appropriate Way of Teaching QM Tools Applied with Software T2 - Quality Innovation Prosperity N2 - Purpose: The aim of this research is to verify the applicability of video tutorials for the improvement of software skills. Methodology/Approach: Video tutorial prototypes were created according to design criteria found in literature and tested as teaching material of selforganized/self-regulated learning. 65 students were parted in two groups and asked to work on an assignment concerning the use of quality tools in Microsoft Excel. One group used video tutorials and the other group was guided by a teacher. Before and after the assignment the students were asked to fill out a survey evaluating their software skills as well as the aid used during the test. Findings: The results of the survey do not show a significant difference between the evaluation of video tutorials and guidance of the teacher. Also the performance of both groups concerning the assignment was comparable. From these findings it can be concluded that video tutorials and classroom teaching are equal ways of teaching in the investigated field. Research Limitation/implication: The suitability of video tutorials for the application of quality-tools with the use of appropriate software has been confirmed. The results do not show conclusions about the extent to which video tutorials can be suitable for the mediation of complex issues. Follow-up studies are required for this purpose. Originality/Value of paper: The study demonstrates that video tutorials, as a form of self-organized/self-regulated learning, are suitable to improve skills in applying quality tools by using software. KW - video tutorial KW - education KW - knowledge transfer KW - quality tools KW - software Y1 - 2016 UR - http://www.qip-journal.eu/index.php/QIP/article/view/754 U6 - https://doi.org/10.12776/qip.v20i2.754 SN - 1335-1745 SN - 1338-984X VL - 20 IS - 2 SP - 169 EP - 184 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mewes, Melanie A1 - Drechsler, Martin A1 - Johst, Karin A1 - Sturm, Astrid A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - Für besseren Artenschutz in Agrarlandschaften - Entscheidungshilfe-Software DSS-Ecopay T2 - Natur und Landschaft Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.17433/11.2017.50153521.504-510 SN - 0028-0615 VL - 97 IS - 11 SP - 504 EP - 510 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rüdiger, Günther A1 - Seelig, Torsten A1 - Schultz, M. A1 - Gellert, Marcus A1 - Egbers, Christoph A1 - Harlander, Uwe T1 - The stratorotational instability of Taylor-Couette flows with moderate Reynolds numbers T2 - Geophysical & Astrophysical Fluid Dynamics Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/03091929.2017.1382487 SN - 0309-1929 SN - 1029-0419 VL - 111 IS - 6 SP - 429 EP - 447 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ciupack, Yvonne A1 - Ledecký, Lukáš A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Fischer, Vitali A1 - Stammen, Elisabeth A1 - Dilger, Klaus T1 - Bonded steel joints under cyclic loading: Study on structural behaviour and fatigue T2 - ce/papers Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cepa.87 SN - 2509-7075 VL - 1 IS - 2/3 SP - 505 EP - 513 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kot, Małgorzata A1 - Das, Chittaranjan A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Wojciechowski, Konrad A1 - Snaith, Henry J. A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Room temperature atomic layer deposited Al₂O₃ on CH₃NH₃PbI₃ characterized by synchrotron-based X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy T2 - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B N2 - An ultrathin Al₂O₃ film deposited on methylammonium lead triiodide (CH₃NH₃PbI₃) perovskite has the capability to suppress the carrier recombination process and improve the perovskite solar cells efficiency and stability. However, annealing at temperatures higher than 85°C degrades the CH₃NH₃PbI₃ perovskite film. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study performed in this work indicates that it is possible to grow Al₂O₃ by atomic layer deposition on the perovskite at room temperature, however, besides pure Al₂O₃ some OH groups are found and the creation of lead and iodine oxides at the Al₂O₃/CH₃NH₃PbI₃ interface takes place. KW - Synchrotron-based X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy KW - Perovskite solar cells KW - Atomic layer deposition KW - Al₂O₃ Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2017.01.082 SN - 0168-583X SN - 1872-9584 VL - 411 SP - 49 EP - 52 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Janowitz, Christoph T1 - Two polarization dependent Auger decays observed by resonant photoelectron spectroscopy at the Cu2p-edge of superconducting BiSrCu-oxides T2 - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B N2 - We report on a resonant photoemission (resPES) study of PbxBi2-xSr2-yLayCan-1CunO2n+4+d (BISCO) single crystals to unravel the resonant decay mechanisms at the Cu2p absorption edge. The resPES studies on superconducting BISCO are performed at Bessy U49/2. We investigated BISCO single crystals with different hole doping concentrations at temperatures between 300 K and 17 K. CuO films have been used as a reference. We focus on the resPES data recorded at the Cu2p absorption edge. We find a strong polarization dependence for in-plane and out-of-plane geometries (with respect to the Cu-O plane) in our data which are caused by two independent Auger processes. We also report on the influence of different doping concentrations. Our resPES data enable us to sort the individual resonant mechanisms at the Cu2p edge in more detail than recently anticipated (Brookes et al., 2015). We discuss our data in the context of the recent discussion about the applicability of the Zhang-Rice model (Chen et al., 2013). KW - Synchrotron radiation KW - Superconductor KW - Cuprates KW - Resonant photoemission Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2017.01.084 SN - 0168-583X SN - 1872-9584 VL - 411 SP - 53 EP - 56 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Doynov, Nikolay A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Distortion analysis of heat spot straightening thin-walled welded structures: part 2: analytical-numerical approach T2 - International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology N2 - An analytical model based on a theoretical model established in the previous work (part 1) is developed. The analytical model considers the particular case of an instantaneous high-density heat source acting on a thin pre-stressed plate. It calculates the plastic strain and the area of the zone of plastic deformation. A theoretical study is performed in order to quantify the major factors that influence the plastic strain formation. Furthermore, the work presents a calculation procedure for distortion analysis of lar ge and complex structures, intended to be used for solving industrial tasks. The calculation procedure consists of a combination of the analytical solution and an elastic finite element analysis with the aid of the inherent strain approach. Various aspects of its application are also discussed. The calculation procedure is finally explained using a simple example. Its reliability and practicability are demonstrated through verification and validation studies. The work is dedicated to the thermal straightening of thin-walled welded structures; however, it can also be related to other processes. KW - Thermal straightening KW - Distortion analysis KW - Computational welding mechanics KW - Finite element analysis KW - Inherent strain method KW - Virtual manufacturing Y1 - 2018 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00170-017-1214-0 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-017-1214-0 SN - 0268-3768 SN - 1433-3015 VL - 95 IS - 1-4 SP - 469 EP - 478 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoffmann, Christin A1 - Stephan, Gunter T1 - Regional Flood Impacts and Adaptation in a Federal Setting: A spatial computable general equilibrium analysis for Switzerland T2 - Climate Change Economics N2 - Climate change, a growing population and inappropriate land use may lead to a significant increase in the frequency, intensity and the duration of water-related extreme events. We aim (1) to gain a better understanding of the direct and indirect economic impacts of floods, (2) to analyze the issue of efficient flood adaption as well as the issue of financing adaptation in a federalist system, where local and national governmental authorities interplay in the provision of local public good adaptation. Our numerical thought experiments are based on a dynamic, spatial differentiated Ramsey type Computable General Equilibrium Model. Regions are determined by exposure and vulnerability to floods and are not identical with territorial units. Our results indicate: (1) general equilibrium effects caused by flood damages in vulnerable regions lead in regions of low vulnerability also to considerable welfare and GDP losses. (2) Providing local public good adaptation can at low economic costs significantly reduce negative impacts on welfare, GDP as well as the allocation of resources between regions and sectors. (3) Funding adaptation by imposing a regional land tax should be preferred to a national output tax or a combination of both with transfers from national to regional governments. KW - adaptation to floods KW - federal setting KW - spatial CGE Y1 - 2018 SN - 2010-0078 SN - 2010-0086 VL - 9 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Haustein, Thomas A1 - Stanczak, Slawomir A1 - Wolisz, Adam A1 - Jondral, Friedrich A1 - Schotten, Hans A1 - Kraemer, Rolf A1 - Mück, Markus A1 - Mennenga, Horst A1 - Bender, Paul T1 - Cognitive Wireless Communications - A Paradigm Shift in Dealing with Radio Resources as a Prerequisite for the Wireless Network of the Future - An Overview on the Topic of Cognitive Wireless Technologies T2 - Frequenz: Journal of RF-Engineering and Telecommunications Y1 - 2016 SN - 0016-1136 SN - 2191-6349 VL - 70 IS - 7-8 SP - 281 EP - 288 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Olonbayar, Sonom A1 - Fischer, Gunter A1 - Kreiser, Dan A1 - Martynenko, Denys A1 - Klymenko, Oleksiy A1 - Kraemer, Rolf A1 - Grass, Eckhard T1 - ASIC Implementation of Highly Reliable IR-UWB Transceiver for Industrial Automation T2 - Frequenz: Journal of RF-Engineering and Telecommunications Y1 - 2016 SN - 0016-1136 SN - 2191-6349 VL - 70 IS - 7-8 SP - 319 EP - 337 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lopacinski, Lukasz A1 - Brzozowski, Marcin A1 - Kraemer, Rolf T1 - Data Link Layer Considerations for Future 100 Gbps Terahertz Band Transceivers T2 - Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Y1 - 2017 SN - 1530-8669 VL - 2017 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lopacinski, Lukasz A1 - Brzozowski, Marcin A1 - Kraemer, Rolf A1 - Büchner, Steffen A1 - Nolte, Jörg T1 - Improving Energy Efficiency using a Link Adaptation Algorithm Dedicated for 100 Gbps Wireless Communication T2 - AEÜ - International Journal of Electronics and Communications Y1 - 2017 SN - 1434-8411 SN - 1618-0399 VL - 81 SP - 67 EP - 73 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Scheytt, J. Christoph A1 - Rehman Javed, Abdul A1 - Bammidi, Eswara Rao A1 - KrishneGowda, Karthik A1 - Kallfass, Ingmar A1 - Kraemer, Rolf T1 - 100 Gbps Wireless System and Circuit Design Using Parallel Spread-Spectrum Sequencing T2 - Frequenz: Journal of RF-Engineering and Telecommunications Y1 - 2017 SN - 0016-1136 SN - 2191-6349 VL - 71 IS - 9-10 SP - 399 EP - 414 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Severin, Stefanie A1 - Naveed, Muhammad A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Effect of HPPMS pulse-frequency on plasma discharge and deposited AlTiN coating properties T2 - Advances in Materials Science and Engineering N2 - Coatings like TiAlN (titanium content more than 50 %) or AlTiN (aluminium content more than 50 %) are well established as hard and wear resistant tool coatings, often prepared by physical vapour deposition (PVD) like arc evaporation or direct current magnetron sputtering (dcMS). With increasing challenges of operating conditions, a constant need in improvement of mechanical properties is required to withstand extreme loading conditions. This can be obtained by a higher amount of ionized sputtered metal atoms during the deposition process. To increase the metal-ion flux a high-power pulse magnetron sputtering (HPPMS) was developed. In order to understand the relation between HPPMS process parameters and mechanical properties of the AlTiN coatings, the present study discusses how different pulse frequencies (for a constant pulse length) influence AlTiN coating structure growth and their mechanical properties. In addition, film deposition rate and phase formation are influenced by altering process parameters like pulse length and frequency. Hence, different pulse-frequencies produce specific coatings with corresponding properties for functional requirements. Based on the established findings, answers to new scientific queries along with the demand to further optimize these coatings for tool applications are required. KW - High power pulsed magnetron sputtering KW - Pulse frequency KW - Nanostructured AlTiN coatings KW - Mechanical properties Y1 - 2017 SN - 1687-8442 VL - 2017 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, Klaus A1 - Bär, Werner A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Jahnke, Agnes A1 - Schwiertz, Carola A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Organische Feldeffekttransistoren als Transducer in der Biosensorik T1 - Organic Field Effect Transistors as Biosensors T2 - Technisches Messen N2 - In diesem Beitrag wird der Einsatz neuartiger Sensortypen für die medizinische Diagnostik beschrieben. Diese Sensoren sollen komplett organisch sein und auf dem Prinzip des Feldeffekttransistors basieren. Als Modellsystem für die Anwendung in der Biosensorik soll die Einsatzmöglichkeit dieser Sensoren in der nicht-invasiven Diagnostik der Helicobacter-pylori-Infektion überprüft werden. N2 - In this contribution we describe the investigation of new types of sensors in medical diagnosis. These sensors are completely organic and are based on the principle of organic field effect transistors. As model system for application in medical diagnosis we test the usability of this sensors for the diagnosis of helicobacter pylori. KW - Feldeffekttransistor KW - Biosensorik KW - Helicobacter pylori KW - Field effect transistors KW - biosensors KW - helicobacter pylori Y1 - 2003 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1524/teme.70.12.565.20261 SN - 0171-8096 VL - 70 IS - 12 SP - 565 EP - 568 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schöttker, Oliver A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - Cost-effectiveness of buying land for conservation versus paying land-users for conservation measures - the case of preserving an oligotrophic lake in a Natura 2000 area in North Germany T2 - MPRA paper Y1 - 2017 UR - https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/80661 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Büchner, Steffen A1 - Lopacinski, Lukasz A1 - Kraemer, Rolf A1 - Nolte, Jörg T1 - Protocol Processing for 100 Gbit/s and Beyond - A Soft Real-Time Approach in Hardware and Software T2 - Frequenz: Journal of RF-Engineering and Telecommunications Y1 - 2017 SN - 2191-6349 SN - 0016-1136 VL - 71 IS - 9-10 SP - 427 EP - 438 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maqbool, Fawad A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Revealing the Dominant Forming Mechanism of Single Point Incremental Forming (SPIF) by Splitting Plastic Energy Dissipation T2 - Procedia Engineering Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.04.018 SN - 1877-7058 VL - 183 SP - 188 EP - 193 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Voswinckel, Holger A1 - Hirt, Gerhard T1 - A New Process Design for Performing Hole-flanging Operations by Incremental Sheet Forming T2 - Procedia Engineering Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2014.10.325 SN - 1877-7058 VL - 81 SP - 2305 EP - 2310 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wulf, Ulrich A1 - Kučera, Jan A1 - Richter, Hans A1 - Horstmann, Manfred A1 - Wiatr, Maciej A1 - Höntschel, Jan T1 - Channel Engineering for Nanotransistors in a Semiempirical Quantum Transport Model T2 - Mathematics N2 - One major concern of channel engineering in nanotransistors is the coupling of the conduction channel to the source/drain contacts. In a number of previous publications, we have developed a semiempirical quantum model in quantitative agreement with three series of experimental transistors. On the basis of this model, an overlap parameter 0≤C≤1 can be defined as a criterion for the quality of the contact-to-channel coupling: A high level of C means good matching between the wave functions in the source/drain and in the conduction channel associated with a low contact-to-channel reflection. We show that a high level of C leads to a high saturation current in the ON-state and a large slope of the transfer characteristic in the OFF-state. Furthermore, relevant for future device miniaturization, we analyze the contribution of the tunneling current to the total drain current. It is seen for a device with a gate length of 26 nm that for all gate voltages, the share of the tunneling current becomes small for small drain voltages. With increasing drain voltage, the contribution of the tunneling current grows considerably showing Fowler–Nordheim oscillations. In the ON-state, the classically allowed current remains dominant for large drain voltages. In the OFF-state, the tunneling current becomes dominant. KW - nanotransistor KW - channel engineering KW - quantum transport KW - contact-to-channel coupling KW - wave function overlap KW - tunneling current Y1 - 2017 UR - http://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/5/4/68 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/math5040068 SN - 2227-7390 VL - 5 IS - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lohmar, Johannes A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Hirt, Gerhard T1 - Comparison of Semi-empirical and Dislocation Density based Material Equations for Fast Modeling of Multistage Hot Working of Steel T2 - Procedia Engineering Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2014.09.162 SN - 1877-7058 N1 - 11th International Conference on Technology of Plasticity, ICTP 2014, 19 - 24 October 2014, Nagoya, Japan VL - 81 SP - 268 EP - 273 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grund, Christian A1 - Harbring, Christine A1 - Thommes, Kirsten T1 - Group (Re-)formation in Public Good Games: The Tale of the Bad Apple? T2 - Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2017.11.009 SN - 0167-2681 VL - 145 SP - 306 EP - 319 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Binnewies, Michael A1 - Schmidt, Marcus A1 - Schmidt, Peer T1 - Chemical Vapor Transport Reactions – Arguments for Choosing a Suitable Transport Agent T2 - Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie N2 - A variety of processes of crystal growth proceeds via the gas phase. If the initial solid material is volatilized in a heterogeneous reaction under presence of a gaseous reactant, the transport agent, the term Chemical Vapor Transport Reaction (CVT) is applied. Crystallization processes by CVT are known for both elements, intermetallics, binary and complex oxides, halides, chalcogenides, and pnictides. Even if the formation of volatile halides is a common feature of almost all vapor transport reactions, significant differences are there concerning the choice of a suitable transport agent depending on the nature of the initial solid phase. Actually, the appropriateness of transport agents for the respective transport reaction can be described in a thermodynamic way. Besides some basic principles for systematic evaluation more practical recommendations for suitable experimental conditions are given for CVT of different classes of inorganic materials. KW - Crystal growth KW - Chemical vapor transport Y1 - 2017 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/zaac.201700055/epdf U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.201700055 SN - 1521-3749 VL - 643 IS - 21 SP - 1295 EP - 1311 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herd, Rainer A1 - Schafrik, Wladislaw T1 - Detektion der Süß-/Salzwassergrenze mittels geoelektrischen und elektromagnetischen Verfahren – Beispielhafte Untersuchungen an einem Standort westlich der Stadt Müllrose T2 - Brandenburgische geowissenschaftliche Beiträge KW - Süß-/Salzwassergrenze KW - Geoelektrik KW - Elektromagnetik Y1 - 2017 SN - 0947-1995 VL - 24 IS - 1/2 SP - 29 EP - 37 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Todtenberg, Nicole A1 - Schmitz-Hertzberg, Sebastian-Tim A1 - Klatt, Jörg A1 - Jorde, Felix A1 - Jüttner, Björn A1 - Schmalz, Klaus A1 - Kraemer, Rolf T1 - Autonomous Sensor Capsule for Usage in Bioreactors T2 - IEEE Sensors Journal Y1 - 2015 SN - 1558-1748 SN - 1530-437X VL - 15 IS - 7 SP - 4093 EP - 4102 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Alt, Walter A1 - Felgenhauer, Ursula A1 - Seydenschwanz, Martin T1 - Euler discretization for a class of nonlinear optimal control problems with control appearing linearly T2 - Computational Optimization and Applications Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10589-017-9969-7 SN - 0926-6003 VL - 69 IS - 3 SP - 825 EP - 856 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Buhl, Johannes A1 - Hart-Rawung, Thawin A1 - Lechner, Michael A1 - Merklein, Marion T1 - Towards virtual deformation dilatometry for the design of hot stamping process T2 - Procedia Engineering KW - Hot Stamping KW - Dilatometry test KW - Autenite decomposition model Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.10.945 SN - 1877-7058 N1 - International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity, ICTP 2017, 17-22 September 2017, Cambridge, United Kingdom VL - 207 SP - 1821 EP - 1826 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sizova, Irina A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Hot workability and microstructure evolution of pre-forms for forgings produced by additive manufacturing T2 - Procedia Engineering KW - additive manufacturing KW - hot forging KW - microstructure KW - hot working behaviour Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.10.1048 SN - 1877-7058 N1 - International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity, ICTP 2017, 17-22 September 2017, Cambridge, United Kingdom VL - 207 SP - 1170 EP - 1175 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Imran, Muhammad A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - A new model for dynamic recrystallization under hot working conditions based on critical dislocation gradients T2 - Procedia Engineering KW - Hot working KW - Dynamic recrystallization KW - Dislocation density gradient Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.10.1111 SN - 1877-7058 N1 - International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity, ICTP 2017, 17-22 September 2017, Cambridge, United Kingdom VL - 207 SP - 2107 EP - 2112 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Junk, Stefan A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Application of 3D (color) printing for the visualization and optimization of complex metal forming processes T2 - Procedia Engineering KW - Vizualisation KW - 3D-Printing KW - physical model KW - forming process Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.10.1134 SN - 1877-7058 N1 - International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity, ICTP 2017, 17-22 September 2017, Cambridge, United Kingdom VL - 207 SP - 1081 EP - 1086 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Doncheva Bambach, Margarita A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Sviridov, Alexander A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - New process chains involving additive manufacturing and metal forming - a chance for saving energy? T2 - Procedia Engineering KW - additive manufacturing KW - laser deposition welding KW - aluminium KW - energy consumption Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.10.1049 SN - 1877-7058 N1 - International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity, ICTP 2017, 17-22 September 2017, Cambridge, United Kingdom VL - 207 SP - 1176 EP - 1181 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sviridov, Alexander A1 - Rusch, Michael A1 - Almohallami, Amer A1 - Bonk, Christian A1 - Bouguecha, Anas A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Behrens, Bernd-Arno T1 - Creating load-adapted mechanical joints between tubes and sheets by controlling the material flow under plastically unstable tube upsetting T2 - Procedia Engineering KW - tube forming KW - mechanical joining KW - upset bulging KW - shape optimization Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.10.860 SN - 1877-7058 N1 - International Conference on the Technology of Plasticity, ICTP 2017, 17-22 September 2017, Cambridge, United Kingdom VL - 207 SP - 968 EP - 973 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Imran, Muhammad A1 - Kühbach, Markus A1 - Roters, Franz A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Development of a Model for Dynamic Recrystallization Consistent with the Second Derivative Criteron T2 - Materials (Basel) Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10111259 SN - 1996-1944 VL - 10 IS - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yadollahi, Solmaz T1 - Prospects of Applying Assemblage Thinking for Further Methodological Developments in Urban Conservation Planning T2 - The Historic Environment: Policy & Practice Y1 - 2017 UR - http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17567505.2017.1399977 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/17567505.2017.1399977 SN - 1756-7513 SN - 1756-7505 VL - 8 IS - 4 SP - 355 EP - 371 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Groß, Steffen T1 - The Monuments Men Are Back. Kulturgüterschutz als sicherheitspolitische Herausforderung T2 - Merkur. Deutsche Zeitschrift für europäisches Denken Y1 - 2017 SN - 2510-4179 SN - 0026-0096 VL - 71 IS - 820 SP - 23 EP - 34 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Groß, Steffen T1 - Unruhige Kunstmärkte. Spekulation und Statusgewinn als daseinssteigernde Erfahrung T2 - Lettre International Y1 - 2016 SN - 0945-5167 IS - 115 SP - 76 EP - 80 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Groß, Steffen T1 - Auktionsrekorde. Sammler, Händler, Finanziers - Kunst und Markt, Garantien und Kommerz T2 - Lettre International Y1 - 2016 SN - 0945-5167 IS - 112 SP - 102 EP - 105 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Groß, Steffen A1 - Pitsoulis, Athanassios T1 - "The Other Side of the Argument": Isaiah Berlin versus F.A. von Hayek on Liberty, Public Policies and the Market T2 - Constitutional Political Economy Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10602-015-9193-3 SN - 1572-9966 SN - 1043-4062 VL - 26 IS - 4 SP - 475 EP - 494 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Groß, Steffen T1 - The Power of "Mapping the Territory". Why Economists Should Become More Aware of the Performative Powers of their Models T2 - Journal of Business Economics Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11573-014-0746-0 SN - 1861-8928 SN - 0044-2372 VL - 84 IS - 9 SP - 1237 EP - 1259 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Groß, Steffen T1 - "The Map is Not the Territory!" Modelle und Modellbildung in der Volkswirtschaftslehre T2 - Merkur. Deutsche Zeitschrift für europäisches Denken Y1 - 2014 SN - 2510-4179 SN - 0026-0096 VL - 68 IS - 778 SP - 267 EP - 272 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Groß, Steffen T1 - Vom "Gesetz" zur "Form". Überlegungen zum epistemischen und methodologischen Status der Volkswirtschaftslehre T2 - ORDO - Jahrbuch für die Ordnung von Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft Y1 - 2011 SN - 2366-0481 SN - 0048-2129 VL - 62 SP - 405 EP - 424 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Groß, Steffen T1 - The Neglected Programme of Aesthetics T2 - The British Journal of Aesthetics Y1 - 2002 SN - 0007-0904 VL - 42 SP - 403 EP - 414 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Groß, Steffen T1 - Der Mehrwert des Hybriden. Die hybridologische Forschungsperspektive im Kontrast zum Ansatz der Bikulturalität T2 - Letopis. Zeitschrift für sorbische Sprache, Geschichte und Kultur Y1 - 2016 VL - 63 IS - 1 SP - 89 EP - 96 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Groß, Steffen A1 - Kühnert, Uwe T1 - Strukturwandel und Arbeitsmarkt in der Region Oder-Spree T2 - Arbeit und Arbeitsrecht Y1 - 1995 SN - 0323-4568 VL - 50 IS - 11 SP - 366 EP - 369 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pickenhain, Sabine A1 - Lykina, Valeriya T1 - Weighted functional spaces approach in infinite horizon optimal control problems: A systematic analysis of hidden opportunities and advantages T2 - Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications Y1 - 2017 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022247X17304328?via%3Dihub SN - 0022-247X VL - 454 IS - 1 SP - 195 EP - 218 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pickenhain, Sabine A1 - Lykina, Valeriya T1 - Pontryagin Type Maximum Principle for budget-constrained infinite horizon optimal control problems with linear dynamics T2 - Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications Y1 - 2017 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022247X17307503?via%3Dihub SN - 0022-247X VL - 457 IS - 2 SP - 1591 EP - 1612 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sain, Chetan Kumar A1 - Höschler, Klaus T1 - Aerodynamic Assessment of Nozzle Area Variation by Core Fairing Modulation T2 - CEAS Aeronautical Journal N2 - Aerodynamic assessment of nozzle area variation by core fairing modulation on the way towards the goals of ACARE 2020 and Flightpath 2050 [1], a next potential step in flight engine technology is to develop engines with by-pass ratios (BPR) far beyond the current levels of 10 to 12. These new engine concepts can have BPRs of up to 20 and require a significant step forward in low pressure system technologies. The European Union supports within the 7th Framework the research activities for these new low pressure systems through the program ENOVAL [2]. Such a new low pressure technology can be achieved through an innovative fan design with a low fan pressure ratio and a radically increased fan diameter compared to the current conventional turbofan engine. The aerodynamic stability of such large fans is most likely very sensitive against backpressure variations. For this reason the backpressure regulation of such large fan, specially during take-off operation, can be achieved through the introduction of a Variable Area Fan Nozzle [VAFN]. This paper describes the aerodynamic study of a particular VAFN concept. This concept offers the variation in fan nozzle throat-area by the displacement of the inner fixed structure (IFS) (also known as core fairing structure). The aim of the assessment was to perform a comparative aerodynamic study at different design configurations. These configurations were derived by varying the design parameters such as the location of section plane (divides the IFS into front and rear block) and the position of the rotational axis. The range of the area change for different flight cases was defined by the engine owner under the ENOVAL program. For each design configuration, the geometries for all the flight cases with their required variation in the nozzle throat area were developed. For the initial study phase the aero assessment a 2D axis-symmetric flow was considered and the airflow from the vent nozzle and core nozzle were included. At this stage, the flight cases with the maximum variation in throat area (e.g. max take-off and top of climb) and the nominal cruise case without area change were studied. Three major performance parameters, the thrust coefficient, nozzle drag coefficient and the after-body drag were calculated. The effects of the gaps and steps (resulting from the overlapping between the IFS segments) on the performance parameters were examined. A comparative result was produced in which the different design parameters of the VAFN were ranked. With the help of few iterations, the best possible design configuration was accessed. At the final stage, the detailed aerodynamic studies on the selected design configuration were performed for the whole range of area variation, including the cruise case with different power loops and the maximum area changes with the variations in the day temperature. [1] Advisory Council for Aviation Research and Innovation in Europe (ACARE) with its targets for CO2 emission- and noise reduction by year 2020 for civil European aircraft industries to be more innovative, sustainable and highly competitive till year 2050 (Flightpath 2050) www.acare4europe.com/. [2] European 7th Framework Program ENOVAL(ENgine mOdule VALidators) http://www.enoval.eu/. KW - Variable fan nozzle KW - Variable inner / core fairing structure KW - Performance study variable turbofan engine nozzle KW - Variable by-pass duct nozzle Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s13272-017-0253-4 SN - 1869-5590 VL - 8 IS - 3 SP - 493 EP - 504 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Szłapka, Joanna Oleśków A1 - Stachowiak, Agnieszka A1 - Batz, Aglaya A1 - Fertsch, Marek T1 - The Level of Innovation in SMEs, the Determinants of Innovation and their Contribution to Development of Value Chains T2 - Procedia Manufacturing Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2017.07.367 SN - 2351-9789 VL - Vol. 11 SP - 2203 EP - 2210 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Karich, Alexander A1 - Ullrich, René A1 - Scheibner, Katrin A1 - Hofrichter, Martin T1 - Fungal unspecific peroxygenases oxidize the majority of organic EPA priority pollutants T2 - Frontiers in Microbiology N2 - Unspecific peroxygenases (UPOs) are secreted fungal enzymes with promiscuity for oxygen transfer and oxidation reactions. Functionally, they represent hybrids of P450 monooxygenases and heme peroxidases; phylogenetically they belong to the family of heme-thiolate peroxidases. Two UPOs from the basidiomycetous fungi Agrocybe aegerita (AaeUPO) and Marasmius rotula (MroUPO) converted 35 out of 40 compounds listed as EPA priority pollutants, including chlorinated benzenes and their derivatives, halogenated biphenyl ethers, nitroaromatic compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and phthalic acid derivatives. These oxygenations and oxidations resulted in diverse products and-if at all-were limited for three reasons: (i) steric hindrance caused by multiple substitutions or bulkiness of the compound as such (e.g., hexachlorobenzene or large PAHs), (ii) strong inactivation of aromatic rings (e.g., nitrobenzene), and (iii) low water solubility (e.g., complex arenes). The general outcome of our study is that UPOs can be considered as extracellular counterparts of intracellular monooxygenases, both with respect to catalyzed reactions and catalytic versatility. Therefore, they should be taken into consideration as a relevant biocatalytic detoxification and biodegradation tool used by fungi when confronted with toxins, xenobiotics and pollutants in their natural environments. KW - Peroxygenase Y1 - 2017 UR - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2017.01463/full U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.01463 SN - 1664-302X VL - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Olmedo, Andrés A1 - Río, José C. del A1 - Kiebist, Jan A1 - Ullrich, René A1 - Hofrichter, Martin A1 - Scheibner, Katrin A1 - Martínez, Angel T. A1 - Gutiérrez, Ana T1 - Fatty Acid Chain Shortening by a Fungal Peroxygenase T2 - Chemistry A European Journal N2 - A recently discovered peroxygenase from the fungus Marasmius rotula (MroUPO) is able to catalyze the progressive one-carbon shortening of medium and longchain mono- and dicarboxylic acids by itself alone, in the presence of H₂O₂. The mechanism, analyzed using H₂O, starts with an a-oxidation catalyzed by MroUPO generat- ing an α-hydroxy acid, which is further oxidized by the enzyme to a reactive α-keto intermediate whose decarboxylation yields the one-carbon shorter fatty acid. Compared with the previously characterized peroxygenase of Agrocybe aegerita, a wider heme access channel, enabling fatty acid positioning with the carboxylic end near the heme cofactor (as seen in one of the crystal structures available) could be at the origin of the unique ability of MroUPO shortening carboxylic acid chains. KW - Peroxygenase Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201704773 SN - 1521-3765 SN - 0947-6539 VL - 23 SP - 16989 EP - 67 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Martinez, Angel T. A1 - Ruiz-Duenas, Francisco J. A1 - Camarero, Susana A1 - Serrano, Ana A1 - Linde, Dolores A1 - Lund, Henrik A1 - Vind, Jesper A1 - Tovborg, Morton A1 - Herold-Majumdar, Owik M. A1 - Hofrichter, Martin A1 - Liers, Christiane A1 - Ullrich, René A1 - Scheibner, Katrin A1 - Sannia, Giovanni A1 - Piscitelli, Alessandra A1 - Sener, Mehmet E. A1 - Kilic, Sibel A1 - Berkel, Willem J. H. van A1 - Guallar, Víctor A1 - Lucas, Maria Fátima A1 - Zuhse, Ralf A1 - Ludwig, Roland A1 - Hollmann, Frank A1 - Fernández-Fueyo, Elena A1 - Record, Eric A1 - Faulds, Craig B. A1 - Tortajada, Marta A1 - Winckelmann, Ib A1 - Rasmussen, Jo-Anne A1 - Gelo-Pujic, Mirjana A1 - Gutiérrez, Ana A1 - Rio, José C. del A1 - Rencoret, Jorge A1 - Alcalde, Miguel T1 - Oxidoreductases on their way to industrial biotransformations T2 - Biotechnology Advances N2 - Fungi produce heme-containing peroxidases and peroxygenases, flavin-containing oxidases and dehydrogenases, and different copper-containing oxidoreductases involved in the biodegradation of lignin and other recalcitrant compounds. Heme peroxidases comprise the classical ligninolytic peroxidases and the new dye-decolorizing peroxidases, while heme peroxygenases belong to a still largely unexplored superfamily of heme-thiolate proteins. Nevertheless, basidiomycete unspecific peroxygenases have the highest biotechnological interest due to their ability to catalyze a variety of regio- and stereo-selective monooxygenation reactions with H2O2 as the source of oxygen and final electron acceptor. Flavo-oxidases are involved in both lignin and cellulose decay generating H2O2 that activates peroxidases and generates hydroxyl radical. The group of copper oxidoreductases also includes other H2O2 generating enzymes - copper-radical oxidases - together with classical laccases that are the oxidoreductases with the largest number of reported applications to date. However, the recently described lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases have attracted the highest attention among copper oxidoreductases, since they are capable of oxidatively breaking down crystalline cellulose, the disintegration of which is still a major bottleneck in lignocellulose biorefineries, along with lignin degradation. Interestingly, some flavin-containing dehydrogenases also play a key role in cellulose breakdown by directly/indirectly “fueling” electrons for polysaccharide monooxygenase activation. Many of the above oxidoreductases have been engineered, combining rational and computational design with directed evolution, to attain the selectivity, catalytic efficiency and stability properties required for their industrial utilization. Indeed, using ad hoc software and current computational capabilities, it is now possible to predict substrate access to the active site in biophysical simulations, and electron transfer efficiency in biochemical simulations, reducing in orders of magnitude the time of experimental work in oxidoreductase screening and engineering. What has been set out above is illustrated by a series of remarkable oxyfunctionalization and oxidation reactions developed in the frame of an intersectorial and multidisciplinary European RTD project. The optimized reactions include enzymatic synthesis of 1-naphthol, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, drug metabolites, furandicarboxylic acid, indigo and other dyes, and conductive polyaniline, terminal oxygenation of alkanes, biomass delignification and lignin oxidation, among others. These successful case stories demonstrate the unexploited potential of oxidoreductases in medium and large-scale biotransformations. KW - Peroxygenase KW - Biotechnology Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2017.06.003 SN - 1873-1899 SN - 0734-9750 VL - 35 IS - 6 SP - 815 EP - 831 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Allertz, Peter J. A1 - Berger, Steffen A1 - Sellenk, Grit A1 - Dittmer, Christin A1 - Dietze, Marco A1 - Stahmann, Klaus-Peter A1 - Salchert, Katrin T1 - Approaching Immobilization of Enzymes onto Open Porous Basotect® T2 - Catalysts N2 - For the first time, commercial macroporous melamine formaldehyde foam Basotect® (BT) was used as a basic carrier material for both adsorptive and covalent enzyme immobilization. In order to access inherent amino groups, the Basotect® surface was pretreated with hydrochloric acid. The resulting material revealed 6 nmol of superficial amino groups per milligram Basotect®. Different optimized strategies for tethering the laccase from Trametes versicolor and the lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosus onto the pre-treated Basotect® surface were studied. Particularly, for covalent immobilization, two different strategies were pursued: lipase was tethered via a cross-linking method using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide, and laccase was bound after functionalizing Basotect® with hydrophilic copolymer poly(ethylene-alt-maleic anhydride) (PEMA). Prior to laccase immobilization, the PEMA coating of Basotect® was verified by ATR-FTIR analysis. Subsequent quantification of available high-reactive PEMA anhydride moieties revealed an amount of 1028 ± 73 nmol per mg Basotect®. The surface-bound enzyme amounts were quantified as 4.1–5.8 μg per mg Basotect®. A theoretical surface-covered enzyme mass for the ideal case that an enzyme monolayer was immobilized onto the Basotect® surface was calculated and compared to the amount of adsorptive and covalently bound enzymes before and after treatment with SDS. Furthermore, the enzyme activities were determined for the different immobilization approaches, and the stability during storage over time and against sodium dodecyl sulfate treatment was monitored. Additionally, PEMA-BT-bound laccase was tested for the elimination of anthropogenic micropollutant bisphenol A from contaminated water in a cost-effective and environmentally-friendly way and resulted in a degradation rate higher than 80%. KW - Basotect® KW - Enzyme immobilization KW - Laccase KW - Lipase KW - PEMA KW - EDC KW - Bisphenol A Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/catal7120359 SN - 2073-4344 VL - 7 IS - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bähr, Martin A1 - Breuß, Michael A1 - Quèau, Yvain A1 - Sharifi Boroujerdi, Ali A1 - Durou, Jean-Denis T1 - Fast and accurate surface normal integration on non-rectangular domains T2 - Computational Visual Media N2 - The integration of surface normals for the purpose of computing the shape of a surface in 3D space is a classic problem in computer vision. However, even nowadays it is still a challenging task to devise a method that is flexible enough to work on non-trivial computational domains with high accuracy, robustness, and computational efficiency. By uniting a classic approach for surface normal integration with modern computational techniques, we construct a solver that fulfils these requirements. Building upon the Poisson integration model, we use an iterative Krylov subspace solver as a core step in tackling the task. While such a method can be very efficient, it may only show its full potential when combined with suitable numerical preconditioning and problem-specific initialisation. We perform a thorough numerical study in order to identify an appropriate preconditioner for this purpose. To provide suitable initialisation, we compute this initial state using a recently developed fast marching integrator. Detailed numerical experiments illustrate the benefits of this novel combination. In addition, we show on real-world photometric stereo datasets that the developed numerical framework is flexible enough to tackle modern computer vision applications. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s41095-016-0075-z SN - 2096-0433 VL - 3 IS - 2 SP - 107 EP - 129 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seyedashrafi, Baharak A1 - Ravankhah, Mohammad A1 - Weidner, Silke A1 - Schmidt, Michael T1 - Applying Heritage Impact Assessment to urban development: World Heritage property of Masjed-e Jame of Isfahan in Iran T2 - Sustainable Cities and Society N2 - Despite cultural heritage has being affected by construction and infrastructure projects associated with urban development in historic cities worldwide, protection of such irreplaceable assets and their associated values has not been adequately addressed through a comprehensive methodology of impact assessment. This paper aims to review the existing methodologies, approaches, and tools regarding Heritage Impact Assessment (HIA) methodology, and to develop an impact assessment procedure in the context of new urban development. The methodology is applied to the case of Masjed-e Jame of Isfahan. The required data is collected through a fieldwork for identification and classification of impacts of Atiq project on the property. Subsequently, the collected data is analysed through impact assessment matrix, and eventually, appropriated mitigation strategies to reduce negative impacts on the property are determined. The proposed impact assessment methodology in the HIA procedure provides a systematic framework for identifying, assessing and mitigating potential impacts of new urban development on cultural heritage properties, which is supportive for urban planners, cultural decision makers, heritage conservators and experts toward developing more integrated approach to heritage protection in context of sustainable development. KW - Heritage Impact Assessment (HIA) KW - Cultural heritage KW - New urban development KW - Masjed-e Jame of Isfahan KW - Iran Y1 - 2017 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2210670716302359 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2017.01.002 SN - 2210-6707 VL - 31 SP - 213 EP - 224 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hutt, Axel A1 - Beim Graben, Peter T1 - Sequences by metastable attractors: interweaving dynamical systems and experimental data T2 - Frontiers in applied mathematics and statistics N2 - Metastable attractors and heteroclinic orbits are present in the dynamics of various complex systems. Although their occurrence is well-known, their identification and modeling is a challenging task. The present work reviews briefly the literature and proposes a novel combination of their identification in experimental data and their modeling by dynamical systems. This combination applies recurrence structure analysis permitting the derivation of an optimal symbolic representation of metastable states and their dynamical transitions. To derive heteroclinic sequences of metastable attractors in various experimental conditions, the work introduces a Hausdorff clustering algorithm for symbolic dynamics. The application to brain signals (event-related potentials) utilizing neural field models illustrates the methodology. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fams.2017.00011 SN - 2297-4687 VL - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Carmantini, Giovanni S. A1 - Beim Graben, Peter A1 - Desroches, Mathieu A1 - Rodrigues, Serafim T1 - A modular architecture for transparent computation in recurrent neural networks T2 - Neural Networks N2 - Computation is classically studied in terms of automata, formal languages and algorithms; yet, the relation between neural dynamics and symbolic representations and operations is still unclear in traditional eliminative connectionism. Therefore, we suggest a unique perspective on this central issue, to which we would like to refer as to transparent connectionism, by proposing accounts of how symbolic computation can be implemented in neural substrates. In this study we first introduce a new model of dynamics on a symbolic space, the versatile shift, showing that it supports the real-time simulation of a range of automata. We then show that the Gödelization of versatile shifts defines nonlinear dynamical automata, dynamical systems evolving on a vectorial space. Finally, we present a mapping between nonlinear dynamical automata and recurrent artificial neural networks. The mapping defines an architecture characterized by its granular modularity, where data, symbolic operations and their control are not only distinguishable in activation space, but also spatially localizable in the network itself, while maintaining a distributed encoding of symbolic representations. The resulting networks simulate automata in real-time and are programmed directly, in absence of network training. To discuss the unique characteristics of the architecture and their consequences, we present two examples: i) the design of a Central Pattern Generator from a finite-state locomotive controller, and ii) the creation of a network simulating a system of interactive automata that supports the parsing of garden-path sentences as investigated in psycholinguistics experiments. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neunet.2016.09.001 SN - 1879-2782 SN - 0893-6080 VL - 85 SP - 85 EP - 105 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herajy, Mostafa A1 - Liu, Fei A1 - Heiner, Monika T1 - Efficient modelling of yeast cell cycles based on multisite phosphorylation using coloured hybrid Petri nets with marking-dependent arc weights T2 - Nonlinear analysis: Hybrid systems Y1 - 2017 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1751570X17300808 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nahs.2017.09.002 SN - 1751-570X VL - 27 SP - 191 EP - 212 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liu, Fei A1 - Heiner, Monika A1 - Gilbert, David T1 - Coloured Petri nets for multilevel, multiscale and multidimensional modelling of biological systems T2 - Briefings in Bioinformatics Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/bib/bbx150 SN - 1477-4054 SN - 1467-5463 VL - 20 IS - 3 SP - 877 EP - 886 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gilbert, David A1 - Heiner, Monika A1 - Jayaweera, Yasoda A1 - Rohr, Christian T1 - Towards dynamic genome scale models T2 - Briefings in Bioinformatics Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/bib/bbx096 SN - 1477-4054 SN - 1467-5463 VL - 20 IS - 4 SP - 1167 EP - 1180 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herajy, Mostafa A1 - Liu, Fei A1 - Rohr, Christian A1 - Heiner, Monika T1 - Snoopy’s hybrid simulator: a tool to construct and simulate hybrid biological models T2 - BMC Systems Biology Y1 - 2017 UR - https://link.springer.com/epdf/10.1186/s12918-017-0449-6?author_access_token=54a9mC7bl_t-6TjlSqdqNG_BpE1tBhCbnbw3BuzI2RMKIgJAZ9nr6Hm0LME2XT_scd04D6IjdxN2SajBh1-bYG6TDIkKQYJrtczMPmCV290rFO3LRZ0YPUqCBRlezXRq1AJVJo-7YPWMt0G3LF52OA%3D%3D U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12918-017-0449-6 SN - 1752-0509 VL - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, Klaus A1 - Rachow, Fabian A1 - Israel, Johannes A1 - Charlafti, Evgenia A1 - Schwiertz, Carola A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Direct Methanation of Flue Gas at a Lignite Power Plant T2 - International Journal of Environmental Science N2 - The combustion of fossil fuels results in CO2 emission, which is one of the primary causes of global warming. An important approach for solving this problem is the fixation, the chemical utilization and the recycling of CO2. Therefore, we investigate the catalytic conversion of CO2 with H2 into methane (CH4) with an upscaled test station at a brown coal power plant. In a completely new strategy, we realize the direct conversion of the CO2 content of the flue gas, without a cleaning process like amine scrubbing or optimized combustion like oxyfuel. Our experiments are performed in matters of catalytic performance, heat production and stability of the catalytic Sabatier process, as a function of the gas flow rate. The catalytic performance is investigated with a simulated composition of flue gas and under real conditions directly at the power plant. The CH4 production by the Sabatier process is realized with a maximum input flow rate of near 50Nm3/h, with 30Nm3/h flue gas and 20Nm3/h hydrogen. For these values, the necessary power scale for hydrogen generation by electrolysis is around 100kW. With synthetic and real flue gas, a conversion up to 99% (for hydrogen surplus) with 100% selectivity is stabilized. The reaction operates in thermal steady state equilibrium without any external energy supply. In consequence, the process of CO2 recycling could be integrated directly as a post combustion process of conventional power plants, without an expensive capturing step, for example. KW - CO2 recycling KW - Power to Gas (PtG) KW - Synthetic Natural Gas (SNG) KW - Sabatier-Reaction KW - Flue Gas Y1 - 2017 UR - http://www.iaras.org/iaras/home/caijes/direct-methanation-of-flue-gas-at-a-lignite-power-plant SN - 2367-8941 IS - 2 SP - 425 EP - 437 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wachs, Sebastian A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Fischer, Saskia M. A1 - Wright, Michelle F. T1 - Do Emotional Components of Alexithymia Mediate the Interplay between Cyberbullying Victimization and Perpetration? T2 - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health N2 - A substantial amount of research has revealed that cyberbully-victims have more emotional and behavioral problems than either cyberbullying victims or perpetrators. However, until now, little research has been conducted into the factors that contribute to the interplay between cyberbullying victimization and perpetration. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between cyberbullying victimization, perpetration, and two emotional components of alexithymia, namely difficulties in identifying and describing one’s own feelings. Self-report questions were administered to 1549 adolescents between 12 and 18 years old (M = 14.51; SD = 1.68; 42.1% (n = 652) male) from Germany and Thailand. Results showed that cyberbullying victimization and alexithymia are associated with cyberbullying perpetration. Moreover, alexithymia mediated the associations between cyberbullying victimization and adolescents’ cyberbullying perpetration. Consequently, we suggest that the ability to describe and identify one’s own feelings might be important for understanding the link between cyberbullying, victimization, and perpetration. The results may help develop prevention and intervention programs focused on reducing cyberbullying. KW - alexithymia KW - cyberbully-victims KW - cyberbullying KW - cybervictimization KW - mediation Y1 - 2017 UR - http://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/14/12/1530 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14121530 SN - 1660-4601 VL - 14 IS - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zundel, Stefan A1 - Witte, Viktoria A1 - Haubold-Rosar, Michael T1 - Zur Wirtschaftlichkeit des Einsatzes von Biokohle und Biokohlesubstraten - Geschäftsmodelle und spezifische Anwendungsbedingungen T2 - Müll und Abfall Y1 - 2017 SN - 0027-2957 VL - 49 IS - 10 SP - 508 EP - 512 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kemm, Friedemann T1 - A note on the carbuncle phenomenon in shallow water simulations T2 - ZAMM‐Journal of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics N2 - A classic problem in gas dynamics simulation is the occurrence of the carbuncle phenomenon, a breakdown of discrete shock profiles. We show that for high Froude number, this also occurs in shallow water simulations. Numerical evidence is given that commonly accepted cures developed for the numerics of gas dynamics should also work for shallow water flows. Y1 - 2014 SN - 1521-4001 SN - 0044-2267 VL - 94 IS - 6 SP - 516 EP - 521 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tinello, Daniel A1 - Winkler, Herwig T1 - Überlegungen zur Übertragung bionischer Systemdesignmuster auf die Fabriklayout- und Materialflussplanung T2 - Logistics Journal: Proceedings Y1 - 2017 UR - https://www.logistics-journal.de/proceedings/2017/4599/tinello_2017.pdf U6 - https://doi.org/10.2195/lj_Proc_tinello_de_201710_01 SN - 2192-9084 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berger, Wolfram A1 - Salotti, Simone A1 - Sardà, Jordi T1 - Do fiscal decentralization and income inequality affect the size of the shadow economy? A panel data analysis for OECD countries T2 - Applied Economics Letters N2 - In this article, we study fiscal decentralization and inequality as driving forces of the shadow economy in advanced economies. Our empirical analysis suggests that a reduction in income inequality will contain the shadow economy, whereas expenditure and tax decentralization do not significantly impact it. As decentralization is generally believed to increase government efficiency, this result is indicative of already highly efficient public administrations. Our results further indicate that redistributive policies positively affect the size of the shadow economy, whereas the tax burden does not have any discernible effect on the shadow economy in our sample. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/13504851.2017.1346356 SN - 1466-4291 SN - 1350-4851 VL - 25 IS - 8 SP - 571 EP - 575 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berger, Wolfram A1 - Nagase, Yoko T1 - Waste management regulation: policy solutions and policy shortcomings T2 - Scottish Journal of Political Economy N2 - A model of packaging waste management is presented to explore the policy options available to governments to implement waste regulation in light of the Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR). Our model endogenizes the packaging design as an additional determinant for the overall amount of waste jointly with consumers’ sorting effort and producers output decisions. The model shows that the policies that yield the first-best allocation may not find public support. Furthermore, if the set of available policy instruments is limited, production and consumption of the good is likely to settle on a sub-optimal level even though the optimal allocation may be achievable. Finally, the model demonstrates that a landfill tax may actually increase landfill waste in the presence of tradable credits for recycling activities. The results shed light on some shortcomings of existing regulatory schemes such as the Producer Responsibility Obligations (Packaging Waste) Regulations of the UK. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/sjpe.12137 SN - 1467-9485 SN - 0036-9292 VL - 65 IS - 3 SP - 205 EP - 223 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berger, Wolfram A1 - Nagase, Yoko T1 - Banking union in Europe: How much centralisation is needed? T2 - Bulletin of Economic Research N2 - We examine the efficiency of banking regulation in a federation with two tiers of government and highly integrated banking systems. We assume that policy makers have incomplete information about banks’ true health, and banking sector turmoil can generate cross-border spill-over effects. We show that, in such an environment, the decentralisation of policy responsibilities for the regulation of banks can achieve the first-best allocation and ensure financial stability. While national governments design banking regulations, the federal policy maker authorises inter-regional income redistribution payments throughout the federation. Our results suggest that strengthening national responsibilities in banking regulation and supervision in the course of the further development of the European banking union may be advisable. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/boer.12126 SN - 1467-8586 SN - 0307-3378 VL - 70 IS - 1 SP - E67 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Chirambo, Dumisani T1 - Increasing the value of climate finance in an uncertain environment: Diaspora financial resources as a source of climate finance for Sub-Saharan Africa T2 - AIMS Environmental Science Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3934/environsci.2017.6.730 SN - 2372-0344 SN - 2372-0352 VL - 4 IS - 6 SP - 730 EP - 742 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Randrianarison, Henintsoa A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - Are buyers of forest ecosystem services willing to consider distributional impacts of payments to local suppliers? Results from a choice experiment in Antananarivo, Madagascar T2 - Environmental Conservation Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/S0376892916000540 SN - 1469-4387 VL - 44 IS - 1 SP - 74 EP - 81 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kuhn, Ramona A1 - Böllmann, Jörg A1 - Krahl, Kathrin A1 - Bryant, Isaac Mbir A1 - Martienssen, Marion T1 - Data on DNA gel sample load, gel electrophoresis, PCR and cost analysis T2 - Data in Brief N2 - The data presented in this article provide supporting information to the related research article “Comparison of ten different DNA extraction procedures with respect to their suitability for environmental samples” (revised manuscript submitted to J. Microbiol. Methods). In that article, we compared the suitability of ten selected DNA extraction methods based on DNA quality, purity, quantity and applicability to universal PCR. Here we provide the data on the specific DNA gel sample load, all unreported gel images of crude DNA and PCR results, and the complete cost analysis for all tested extraction procedures and in addition two commercial DNA extraction kits for soil and water. KW - Cost analysis KW - DNA sample load KW - Gel electrophoresis Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2017.11.082 SN - 2352-3409 VL - Vol. 16 SP - 732 EP - 751 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kuhn, Ramona A1 - Benndorf, Dirk A1 - Rapp, Erdmann A1 - Reichl, Udo A1 - Palese, Luigi Leonardo A1 - Pollice, Alfieri T1 - Metaproteome analysis of sewage sludge from membrane bioreactors T2 - Proteomics N2 - Microbial dynamics and enzymatic activities of activated sludge processes are not completely understood yet. A better understanding about the biology is indispensable for further process optimization. Since proteins play a key role as catalysts in sludge processes, a protocol for protein extraction and analysis by 2-D PAGE was established. It is based on phenol extraction of alkaline extracts and on a subsequent precipitation with ammonium sulphate. 2-D protein patterns obtained from different sludges collected from membrane bioreactors showed – besides common spots – significant differences. Selected proteins were identified with nano- HPLC-ESI-MS/MS. All membrane biological reactor (MBR) sludge samples investigated in this study contained elastase 3A, which implies that this human serine protease is a significant constituent of municipal wastewater. Although the identification of proteins from ammonia-oxidizing bacterium Nitrosomonas europaea was expected, the detection of a protein with homology to the marine bacterium Saprospira grandis in MBR1 was surprising. KW - De novo sequencing KW - Membrane bioreactor KW - metaproteomics KW - microbial communities KW - Microbiology KW - Protein extraction Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pmic.201000590 SN - 1615-9861 VL - 11 IS - 13 SP - 2738 EP - 2744 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Domańska, Magdalena A1 - Kuhn, Ramona A1 - Łomotowski, Janusz A1 - Stańczyk, Ewa T1 - FISH method for identification of microbes in wastewater distribution systems T2 - Environmental Protection Engineering N2 - The FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization) method is widely used to identify various types of cells. In comparison to cultivation-dependent methods, identification of microbes by FISH is easier and generally takes several hours. This paper presents a review of improvements to the FISH method, its advantages and disadvantages, as well as examples of applications. Particular consideration was given to the efficiency of microbes identification in samples taken from sewerage. The effectiveness of the method was confirmed by the results obtained in samples from the membrane bioreactor (MBR). Y1 - 2014 SN - 0324-8828 VL - 40 IS - 3 SP - 151 EP - 160 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Sizova, Irina A1 - Sviridov, Alexander A1 - Stendal, Johan Andreas A1 - Günther, Martin T1 - Batch Processing in Preassembled Die Sets - A New Process Design for Isothermal Forging of Titanium Aluminides T2 - Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/doi:10.3390/jmmp2010001 SN - 2504-4494 VL - 2 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Sizova, Irina A1 - Silze, Frank A1 - Schnick, Michael T1 - Hot workability and microstructure evolution of the nickel-based superalloy Inconel 718 produced by laser metal deposition T2 - Journal of Alloys and Compounds Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.01.029 SN - 0925-8388 VL - Vol. 740 SP - 278 EP - 287 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knoop, Christine A1 - Dornack, Christina A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Effect of drying, composting and subsequent impurity removal by sieving on the properties of digestates from municipal organic waste T2 - Waste Management N2 - The application of organic soil amendments is a common measure to prevent structural degradation of agricultural soils and to maintain and improve long-term soil fertility. Solid residues from anaerobic digestion of municipal organic waste (MOW) are rich in nutrients and organic matter and have a promising potential to be used as soil amendment. However, no study has related amendment properties of MOW digestate of one origin to different treatment procedures. We therefore investigated the impact of drying, composting and sieving on final digestate properties and specifically nutrient availability and heavy metal and carbon elution. Samples were provided by a semi-industrial two-stage biogas plant with dry fermentation of MOW. Results confirm that in comparison to drying, composting of MOW digestates leads to a significant increase of K, P, Mg, Ca, Cd and Cr in the digestates. Sieving of composted digestates showed that heavy metals are not evenly distributed and that heavy metal concentration in the digestate increases with decreasing mesh sizes (highest concentrations in the fractions <1 mm). Although the element concentration is higher in composted batches, the water-extractability of nutrients, heavy metals and carbon is significantly lower from composted over dried digestates. A significant correlation was found between the dissolution of Zn, Ni, Ca and Mg and pH of eluate as well as dissolved organic carbon (DOC) release (R > 0.7, p < 0.05). Results confirm that the extent of carbon elution depends on the degradation rate of digestates. DOC may therefore be a good measure to evaluate digestate stability and to decide on treatment measures. KW - Municipal organic waste KW - Anaerobic digestion KW - Digestate treatment KW - Nutrient and heavy metal elution KW - Dissolved organic carbon KW - Digestate properties Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2017.11.022 SN - 1879-2456 VL - 72 SP - 168 EP - 177 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knoop, Christine A1 - Tietze, Michael A1 - Dornack, Christina A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Fate of nutrients and heavy metals during two-stage digestion and aerobic post-treatment of municipal organic waste T2 - Bioresource Technology N2 - The biogas technology is a promising approach for the recovery of energy and fertilizer from municipal organic waste (MOW). However, only scarce information on the development of initial nutrient and heavy metal loads during processing is available. Therefore, this study investigates properties of source-separated MOW during treatment in a semi-industrial scale two-stage biogas plant and subsequent digestate composting including impurities removal. Data from 15 batch experiments was investigated by material and substance flow analysis. Results of this study have shown that about 40% of nutrients contained in the MOW inflow are mineralized during anaerobic and subsequent aerobic treatment. A higher nutrient release was observed during the anaerobic treatment step. Additionally, impurities removal causes a significant reduction of final nutrient content. Heavy metal analysis confirmed a high heterogeneity of contamination levels. However, digestion and composting do not seem to significantly impact on total heavy metal loads in the substrate flow. KW - MOW KW - Digestate treatment KW - Composting KW - Substance flow analysis KW - Nutrient transfer KW - Heavy metals Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2017.12.019 SN - 1873-2976 VL - 251 SP - 238 EP - 248 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schulz, Karl-Heinz A1 - Patra, Stefan A1 - Spielmann, Hannah A1 - Klapdor, Silke A1 - Schlüter, Kathrin A1 - Eckert, Sandra van T1 - Physical condition, nutritional status, fatigue, and quality of life in oncological out-patients T2 - SAGE Journals Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/2050312117743674 SN - 2050-3121 VL - 5 SP - 1 EP - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kot, Małgorzata A1 - Łobaza, Justyna A1 - Naumann, Franziska A1 - Gargouri, Hassan A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Long-term ambient surface oxidation of titanium oxynitride films prepared by plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition: An XPS study T2 - Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology A N2 - The surface oxidation of a titanium oxynitride (TiOxNy) film after long-time storage of 25 month in ambient conditions is investigated. The TiOxNy film is prepared by plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition using etrakis(dimethylamino)titanium and nitrogen plasma, and the film is characterized by Ar+ ion sputtering of the film surface in combination with x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) as well as by angle-resolved XPS. The total thickness of an oxygen-enriched layer at the surface of the TiOxNy films is found to be about 0.7 nm and it consists of a sequence of a 0.4 nm thick TiON/TiO2 enriched layer followed by a 0.3 nm thick TiO2 enriched layer underneath compared to the bulk composition of the film which shows constant values of 29% TiN, 29% TiO2, and 42% TiON. The results suggest that the TiON enrichment takes place initially at the surface followed by a surface and subsurface oxidation. KW - atomic layer deposition (ALD) KW - surface oxidation KW - X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) KW - titanium oxynitride Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1116/1.5003356 SN - 0734-2101 SN - 1520-8559 VL - 36 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kastner, Lucas A1 - Kube, Jana A1 - Villringer, Arno A1 - Neumann, Jane T1 - Cardiac Concomitants of Feedback and Prediction Error Processing in Reinforcement Learning T2 - Frontiers in Neuroscience Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2017.00598 SN - 1662-453X SN - 1662-4548 VL - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kube, Jana A1 - Mathar, David A1 - Horstmann, Annette A1 - Kotz, Sonja A. A1 - Villringer, Arno A1 - Neumann, Jane T1 - Altered monetary loss processing and reinforcement-based learning in individuals with obesity T2 - Brain imaging and behavior Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11682-017-9786-8 SN - 1931-7565 VL - 12 IS - 5 SP - 1431 EP - 1449 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Caprara, Sergio A1 - Grilli, Marco A1 - Raimondi, Roberto T1 - Theory of the Spin Galvanic Effect at Oxide Interfaces T2 - Physical Review Letters N2 - The spin galvanic effect (SGE) describes the conversion of a nonequilibrium spin polarization into a transverse charge current. Recent experiments have demonstrated a large conversion efficiency for the two-dimensional electron gas formed at the interface between two insulating oxides, LaAlO3 and SrTiO3. Here, we analyze the SGE for oxide interfaces within a three-band model for the Ti t2g orbitals which displays an interesting variety of effective spin-orbit couplings in the individual bands that contribute differently to the spin-charge conversion. Our analytical approach is supplemented by a numerical treatment where we also investigate the influence of disorder and temperature, which turns out to be crucial to providing an appropriate description of the experimental data. KW - Spin polarization KW - Spin-orbit coupling KW - Spintronics KW - Two-dimensional electron gas Y1 - 2017 UR - https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.256801 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.256801 SN - 1092-0145 VL - 119 IS - 25 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Sutygina, Alina A1 - Manakhov, Anton A1 - Bolz, Sebastian A1 - Weiß, Sabine A1 - Kashkarov, Egor B. T1 - Oxidation Behavior of Zr–1Nb Corroded in Air at 400 °C after Plasma Immersion Titanium Implantation T2 - Metals N2 - In this paper, the influence of plasma immersion titanium implantation into the zirconium alloy Zr-1Nb on the oxidation behavior at 400 °C for 5, 24, 72, and 240 h in air under normal atmospheric pressure (101.3 kPa) was shown. The influence of implantation on the protective properties of the modified layer was shown. The valence of the oxides before and after implantation was analyzed by means of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD) was carried out to examine the phase composition after titanium ion implantation and oxidation. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) revealed that titanium implantation exhibited effects of stabilizing the β phase. The formation of the t-ZrO2 and m-ZrO2 was observed during the oxidation of the as-received and modified Zr-1Nb. The measurement of weight gain showed an improvement in oxidation resistance of Ti implanted Zr-1Nb at the oxidation up to 24 h when compared with that of the as-received Zr-1Nb. However, at longer oxidation cycle the oxidation rate of Ti-implanted zirconium alloy is the same with the as-received alloy, which attributed to the layer thickness. Nevertheless, the corrosion of the Ti-implanted alloy is more uniform, while a local corrosion and cracks was detected on the surface of the as-received alloy. KW - zirconium alloy KW - titanium KW - ion implantation KW - PIII KW - oxidation KW - DSC KW - XPS KW - surface morphology KW - X-ray diffraction Y1 - 2018 UR - http://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/8/1/27/htm U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/met8010027 SN - 2075-4701 VL - 8 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Apte, Anisha M. A1 - Rohde, Ulrich L. A1 - Poddar, Ajay K. A1 - Rudolph, Matthias T1 - Optimizing Phase-Noise Performance: Theory and Design Techniques for a Crystal Oscillator T2 - IEEE Microwave Magazine Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/MMM.2017.2679998 SN - 1527-3342 VL - 18 IS - 4 SP - 108 EP - 123 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Polak, Jessica A1 - Leßmann, Dieter A1 - Hohmann, Mathias T1 - Wiederfund von Xanthoperla apicalis (Plecoptera, Chloroperlidae) in der Spree bei Cottbus (Brandenburg) T2 - Lauterbornia KW - Xanthoperla KW - Plecoptera KW - Makrozoobenthos Y1 - 2015 SN - 0935-333X N1 - Xanthoperla apicalis VL - 80 SP - 121 EP - 125 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Solovieva, Anastasiya A1 - Miroshnichenko, Svetlana A1 - Kovalskii, Andrey A1 - Permyakova, Elizaveta A1 - Popov, Zakhar A1 - Dvořáková, Eva A1 - Kiryukhantsev-Korneev, Philip A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Polčak, Josef A1 - Zajíčková, Lenka A1 - Shtansky, Dmitry V. A1 - Manakhov, Anton T1 - Immobilization of Platelet-Rich Plasma onto COOH Plasma-Coated PCL Nanofibers Boost Viability and Proliferation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells T2 - Polymers N2 - The scaffolds made of polycaprolactone (PCL) are actively employed in different areas of biology and medicine, especially in tissue engineering. However, the usage of unmodified PCL is significantly restricted by the hydrophobicity of its surface, due to the fact that its inert surface hinders the adhesion of cells and the cell interactions on PCL surface. In this work, the surface of PCL nanofibers is modified by Ar/CO2/C2H4 plasma depositing active COOH groups in the amount of 0.57 at % that were later used for the immobilization of platelet-rich plasma (PRP). The modification of PCL nanofibers significantly enhances the viability and proliferation (by hundred times) of human mesenchymal stem cells, and decreases apoptotic cell death to a normal level. According to X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), after immobilization of PRP, up to 10.7 at % of nitrogen was incorporated into the nanofibers surface confirming the grafting of proteins. Active proliferation and sustaining the cell viability on nanofibers with immobilized PRP led to an average number of cells of 258 ± 12.9 and 364 ± 34.5 for nanofibers with ionic and covalent bonding of PRP, respectively. Hence, our new method for the modification of PCL nanofibers with PRP opens new possibilities for its application in tissue engineering. KW - polycaprolactone KW - nanofibers KW - COOH plasma KW - platelet-rich plasma KW - cell viability KW - PRP immobilization Y1 - 2017 UR - http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/9/12/736/htm U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/polym9120736 SN - 2073-4360 VL - 9 IS - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kashkarov, Egor B. A1 - Nikitenkov, Nikolay A1 - Sutygina, Alina A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Manakhov, Anton A1 - Polčak, Josef A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Hydrogen absorption by Ti-implanted Zr-1Nb alloy T2 - International journal of hydrogen energy N2 - This paper describes the hydrogenation behavior of Zr-1Nb alloy Ti-implanted by plasma immersion ion implantation (PIII). Hydrogen sorption kinetics of the Ti-modified alloy was investigated under gas-phase hydrogenation at 400 °C for 1 h. The influence of implantation time on the protective properties of the modified layer was shown. The lowest hydrogen absorption as well as the highest hydrogen trapping efficiency was achieved after PIII for 30 min. The main contribution to the reduction of hydrogen permeation is the formation of an oxide layer consisting of mixed TiO2 and ZrO2 on the modified surface of the alloy. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) revealed that PIII titanium oxide exists on the surface in the form of TiO2, which transforms to mixed Ti2O3 and TiO2 after hydrogenation. The thickness of the modified layer increases with implantation time that improves the efficiency of hydrogen trapping. All the absorbed hydrogen is gradually distributed in the modified layer and no hydrides are formed after hydrogenation in Ti-modified Zr-1Nb for 15 and 30 min. KW - Zirconium KW - Titanium implantation KW - Hydrogenation KW - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy KW - Glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy KW - X-ray diffraction Y1 - 2018 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360319917346359 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.12.003 SN - 0360-3199 VL - 43 IS - 4 SP - 2484 EP - 2491 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knopp, Lothar A1 - Lohmann, Hagen A1 - Schumacher, Jochen T1 - Das Umweltschadensgesetz in der Rechtsprechungspraxis T2 - Natur und Recht Y1 - 2017 VL - 39 IS - 11 SP - 741 EP - 746 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schöttker, Oliver A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - Buy or lease land? Cost-effective conservation of an oligotrophic lake in a Natura 2000 area T2 - Biodiversity Conservation Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-017-1496-4 SN - 1572-9710 VL - 27 IS - 6 SP - 1327 EP - 1345 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berger, Birk A1 - Steinberger, Thomas A1 - Schüngel, Edmund A1 - Koepke, Mark A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas A1 - Awakowicz, Peter A1 - Schulze, Julian T1 - Enhanced power coupling efficiency in inductive discharges with RF substrate bias driven at consecutive harmonics with adjustable phase T2 - Applied Physics Letters Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5000144 SN - 1077-3118 VL - 111 IS - 20 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Varrani, Arianna A1 - Nones, Michael T1 - Vulnerability impacts and assessment of climate change on Jakarta and Venice T2 - International Journal of River Basin Management N2 - In the next future, cities located in coastal areas are likely to suffer for climatic changes more than all other human systems. The demographic growth, combined with sea-level rise and global warming related to natural causes and anthropogenic activities, endanger those systems. Thence, to effectually cope with new climate forcing, coastal cities need improvements to be sustainable, resilient and liveable, applying flexible design approaches rather than a traditional one. The paper highlights such concepts presenting two case studies of important coastal cities: Venice, in Northern Italy, and Jakarta, the capital city of Indonesia. Although characterized by completely different climatic conditions and living habits, these two metropolises are highly impacted by humans and threatened by similar factors like subsidence and sea-level rise, which increase their exposure to future calamities principally driven by climate change but strictly related to anthropic pressures. The present situation shows that, for the future, the resilience of coastal megalopolis can be increased only using a mix of approaches at various levels, spanning from technical measures to adaptable planning instruments that consider future uncertainties. KW - City resilience KW - climate change adaptation KW - flood risk management KW - Jakarta KW - urban planning KW - Venice Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/15715124.2017.1387125 SN - 1814-2060 SN - 1571-5124 VL - 16 IS - 4 SP - 439 EP - 447 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Awd, Mustafa A1 - Tenkamp, Jochen A1 - Hirtler, Markus A1 - Siddique, Shafaqat A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Walther, Frank T1 - Comparison of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Scalmalloy Produced by Selective Laser Melting and Laser Metal Deposition T2 - Materials Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11010017 SN - 1996-1944 VL - 11 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Martin, Frank A1 - Lehmann, Mario A1 - Sack, Ulrich A1 - Anderer, Ursula T1 - In vitro development of personalized cartilage microtissues uncovers an individualized differentiation capacity of human chondrocytes T2 - Experimental Biology and Medicine KW - Articular cartilage KW - 3D culture KW - microtissue KW - scaffold-free KW - personalized differentiation KW - responder/non-responder KW - personalized diagnostic platform Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/1535370217728498 SN - 1535-3702 VL - 242 IS - 18 SP - 1746 EP - 1756 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berens, Eva-Maria A1 - Riedel, Jörg A1 - Reder, Maren A1 - Razum, Oliver A1 - Kolip, Petra A1 - Spallek, Jacob T1 - Postalische Befragung von Frauen mit türkischem Migrationshintergrund – Identifizierung, Stichprobenbereinigung und Response im Rahmen der InEMa-Studie T1 - Postal Survey Among Women With Turkish Migration Background in Germany – Identification, Sample Revision and Response in the InEMa Study T2 - Das Gesundheitswesen Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0035-1564076 SN - 0941-3790 VL - 79 IS - 12 SP - 1000 EP - 1003 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bünemann, Jörg A1 - Seibold, Götz T1 - Charge and pairing dynamics in the attractive Hubbard model: Mode coupling and the validity of linear-response theory T2 - Physical Review B N2 - Pump-probe experiments have turned out as a powerful tool in order to study the dynamics of competing orders in a large variety of materials. The corresponding analysis of the data often relies on standard linear-response theory generalized to nonequilibrium situations. Here we examine the validity of such an approach for the charge and pairing response of systems with charge-density wave and (or) superconducting (SC) order. Our investigations are based on the attractive Hubbard model which we study within the time-dependent Hartree-Fock approximation. In particular, we calculate the quench and pump-probe dynamics for SC and charge order parameters in order to analyze the frequency spectra and the coupling of the probe field to the specific excitations. Our calculations reveal that the “linear-response assumption” is justified for small to moderate nonequilibrium situations (i.e., pump pulses) in the case of a purely charge-ordered ground state. However, the pump-probe dynamics on top of a superconducting ground state is determined by phase and amplitude modes which get coupled far from the equilibrium state indicating the failure of the linear-response assumption. KW - Charge density waves KW - Hartree-Fock methods KW - Hubbard model KW - Linear response theory KW - Mean field theory KW - Variational wave functional methods Y1 - 2017 UR - https://journals.aps.org/prb/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevB.96.245139 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.96.245139 SN - 2469-9977 SN - 1538-4489 VL - 96 IS - 24 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Howard, Andy A1 - Knight, David A1 - Gearey, Ben A1 - Kluiving, Sjoerd A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - The Impacts of Climate and Environmental Change on the Historic Environment T2 - The Historic Environment: Policy & Practice Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/17567505.2017.1325158 SN - 1756-7513 SN - 1756-7505 VL - 8 IS - 2 SP - 87 EP - 88 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kreuz, Sebastian A1 - Müsgens, Felix T1 - The German Energiewende and its Roll-Out of Renewable Energies: An Economic Perspective T2 - Frontiers in Energy KW - Energiewende KW - Renewable Energies Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11708-017-0467-5 SN - 2095-1698 VL - 11 IS - 2 SP - 126 EP - 134 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müsgens, Felix T1 - Ökonomische Besonderheiten des Energiemarktes T2 - EnWZ : Zeitschrift für das gesamte Recht der Energiewirtschaft KW - Energiewirtschaft Y1 - 2017 SN - 2195-2841 VL - 6 IS - 7 SP - 243 EP - 247 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Laurinavichyute, Veronika K. A1 - Nizamov, Shavkat A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - The Role of Anion Adsorption in the Effect of Electrode Potential on Surface Plasmon Resonance Response T2 - ChemPhysChem : a European journal of physical chemistry and chemical physics N2 - Surface plasmon resonance, being widely used in bioanalytics and biotechnology, is influenced by the electrical potential of the resonant gold layer. To evaluate the mechanism of this effect, we have studied it in solutions of various inorganic electrolytes. The magnitude of the effect decreases according to the series: KBr>KCl>KF>NaClO4. The data were treated by using different models of the interface. A quantitative description was obtained for the model, which takes into account the local dielectric function of gold being affected by the free electron charge, diffuse ionic layer near the gold/water interface, and specific adsorption of halides to the gold surface with partial charge transfer. Taking into account that most biological experiments are performed in chloride-containing solutions, detailed analysis of the model at these conditions was performed. The results indicate that the chloride adsorption is the main mechanism for the influence of potential on the surface plasmon resonance. The dependencies of surface concentration and residual charge of chloride on the applied potential were determined. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cphc.201601288 SN - 1439-7641 SN - 1439-4235 VL - 18 IS - 12 SP - 1552 EP - 1560 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kondratyev, Alex A1 - Morozova, Iuliia A1 - Golubev, Iurii A1 - Hantelmann, Cord A1 - Naumov, Alexander A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Микроструктура и механические свойства швов после различных режимов импульсной сварки Al – Mg – Si сплавов трением с перемешиванием T1 - Untersuchung von Mikrostruktur und mechanischen Eigenschaften der Al-Mg-Si Legierungen beim Impuls-Rührreibschweißen mit unterschiedlichen Schweißparametern T2 - Metallovedenie i termicheskaya obrabotka metallov N2 - Welded joints of aluminum alloy 6082-T6 formed by the method of pulse friction stir welding are studied. The effect of the power and frequency of the pulses on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the welded joints is determined. Application of an additional pulse during the welding affects the surface quality and the shape of the weld, the distribution of the oxide layer and of particles of the hardening phase, and the grain size in the zone of dynamic recrystallization. KW - pulse friction stir welding KW - power and frequency of pulses KW - microstructure KW - mechanical properties KW - Al – Mg – Si alloy Y1 - 2017 SN - 0026-0819 IS - 11 SP - 25 EP - 30 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ivanov, Sergey Y. A1 - Karkhin, Victor A. A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Optimization of welding conditions for curvilinear T2 - Welding International KW - Arc welding KW - optimization KW - structured panel KW - curvilinear seam KW - sources method KW - fastest descent method Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/09507116.2017.1353276 SN - 0950-7116 VL - 31 IS - 12 SP - 929 EP - 933 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Doynov, Nikolay A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Distortion analysis of heat spot straightening thin-walled welded structures: part 1: analytical-numerical approach T2 - The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology N2 - The work deals with the elastic-plastic thermo-mechanical deformation process after spot heating of large thin plates. It promotes a new theoretical model of the process. The main target is to clarify the kinetics of the plastic strain formation during thermal straightening and to explore the main interactions. For this purpose, a simplified mechanical problem is formulated and applied. As a result, definite thermo-mechanical relations between temperature, initial strain, and accumulated plastic strain are obtained. Finally, a verification study is presented and discussed. The results contribute to extending the knowledge about the process and to establishing a theoretical background for development of applied analytical or analytical-numerical approaches for practical use in the designing and planning phases in welding production. An application to a particular case is described in an accompanying paper (part 2). KW - Straightening KW - Elastic-plastic analysis KW - Distortion analysis KW - Computational welding mechanics KW - Virtual manufacturing Y1 - 2018 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00170-017-0911-z U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-017-0911-z SN - 0268-3768 SN - 1433-3015 VL - 94 IS - 1-4 SP - 667 EP - 676 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Evdokimov, Anton A1 - Springer, Katrin A1 - Doynov, Nikolay A1 - Ossenbrink, Ralf A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Heat source model for laser beam welding of steel-aluminum lap joints T2 - International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology N2 - In this study, a three-dimensional thermal conduction model based on the finite element analysis was established to predict a heat distribution during laser welding in overlap configuration of austenitic stainless steel 1.4301 and hardenable aluminum alloy 6016. A hybrid model based on two expanded curve-rotated volumetric heat sources is suggested to capture the complex weld geometry. Since thermal flow in the overlap area is a crucial part of the model, an analytic calculation of a thermal contact conductance between the plates and its subsequent implementation in the FE model through a superposition of two contact surfaces are described in details in this paper. Full thermal cycles, weld shapes, and thus mixing grades were successfully predicted by means of the developed model for different parameter combinations. KW - Laser welding Dissimilar joint Heat source model Finite element analysis Thermal simulation Weld shape KW - Dissimilar joint KW - Heat source model KW - Finite element analysis KW - Thermal simulation KW - Weld shape Y1 - 2017 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00170-017-0569-6 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-017-0569-6 SN - 0268-3768 SN - 1433-3015 VL - 93 IS - 1-4 SP - 709 EP - 716 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shapovalov, Oleg A1 - Hantelmann, Cord A1 - Michailov, Vesselin A1 - Kodgaspirov, G. E. T1 - Influence of welding method on fatigue strength and destruction character of aluminum foam sandwiches T2 - Deformatsiya i Razrushenie materialov N2 - An influence of the arc welding and the laser welding on fatigue properties and destruction mechanisms of aluminum foam sandwich has been studied. It was found that specimens made by the arc welding had the best fatigue strength. Comparative results of four point bending fatigue tests of the non-welded specimens such as butt welded joints made by different welding methods are presented. KW - aluminum foam KW - metallic foam sandwich KW - fatigue strength KW - four-point bending KW - butt welded joint Y1 - 2017 UR - http://www.nait.ru/journals/number.php?p_number_id=2612 SN - 1814-4632 IS - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shimano, Satoshi D. A1 - Onodera, Yuka A1 - Wanner, Manfred T1 - Testate amoebae collected from moss on urban buildings with different age, height and distance to a possible source habitat – are there obvious colonization patterns? T2 - Soil Organisms Y1 - 2017 SN - 2509-9523 SN - 1864-6417 VL - 89 IS - 3 SP - 151 EP - 155 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Puppe, Daniel A1 - Höhn, Axel A1 - Kaczorek, Danuta A1 - Wanner, Manfred A1 - Wehrhan, Marc A1 - Sommer, Michael T1 - How big is the influence of biogenic silicon pools on short-term changes in water-soluble silicon in soils? Implications from a study of a 10-year-old soil–plant system T2 - Biogeosciences Y1 - 2017 SN - 1726-4189 SN - 1726-4170 VL - 14 IS - 22 SP - 5239 EP - 5252 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shimano, Satoshi D. A1 - Bobrov, Anatoly A. A1 - Wanner, Manfred A1 - Lamentowicz, Mariusz A1 - Mazei, Yuri A1 - Ohtsuka, Taisuke T1 - Testate amoeba diversity of a poor fen on mineral soil in the hilly area of Central Honshu, Japan T2 - Acta Protozoologica Y1 - 2017 SN - 1689-0027 SN - 0065-1583 VL - 56 IS - 3 SP - 215 EP - 220 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Poppe, Willi A1 - Sarradj, Ennes T1 - Measurement of flow noise generation and pressure loss of nets and screens T2 - Applied Acoustics Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2018.01.008 SN - 0003-682X VL - 134 SP - 69 EP - 74 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Daksha, Manaswi A1 - Derzsi, Aranka A1 - Wilczek, Sebastian A1 - Trieschmann, Jan A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas A1 - Awakowicz, Peter A1 - Donkó, Zoltán A1 - Schulze, Julian T1 - The Effect of Realistic Heavy Particle Induced Secondary Electron Emission Coefficients on the Electron Power Absorption Dynamics in Single- and Dual-Frequency CCPs T2 - Plasma Sources Science and Technology Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6595/aa7c88 SN - 1361-6595 SN - 0963-0252 VL - 26 IS - 8 SP - 085006 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Strobel, Julian A1 - Hansen, Mirko A1 - Dirkmann, Sven A1 - Neelisetty, Krishna Kanth A1 - Ziegler, Martin A1 - Haberfehlner, Georg A1 - Popescu, Radian A1 - Kothleitner, Gerald A1 - Chakravadhanula, Venkata Sai Kiran A1 - Kübel, Christian A1 - Kohlstedt, Hermann A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas A1 - Kienle, Lorenz T1 - In Depth Nano Spectroscopic Analysis on Homogeneously Switching Double Barrier Memristive Devices T2 - Journal of Applied Physics Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4990145 SN - 1089-7550 SN - 0021-8979 VL - 121 IS - 24 SP - 245307 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dirkmann, Sven A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas T1 - Resistive switching in memristive electrochemical metallization devices T2 - AIP Advances Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4985443 SN - 2158-3226 VL - 7 IS - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Eremin, Denis A1 - Brinkmann, Ralf Peter A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas T1 - Observations of Surface Mode Influence on Plasma Uniformity in PIC/MCC Simulations of Large Capacitive Discharges T2 - Plasma Processes and Polymers Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ppap.201600164 SN - 1612-8869 VL - 14 IS - 4-5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Solan, Enver A1 - Dirkmann, Sven A1 - Hansen, Mirko A1 - Schroeder, Dietmar A1 - Kohlstedt, Hermann A1 - Ziegler, Martin A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas A1 - Ochs, Karlheinz T1 - An Enhanced Lumped Element Electrical Model of the Double Barrier Memristive Device T2 - Journal of physics : D, Applied physics Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/aa69ae VL - 50 IS - 19 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Layes, Vincent A1 - Monje, Sascha A1 - Corbella, Carles A1 - Trieschmann, Jan A1 - Arcos, Teresa de los A1 - Keudell, Achim von T1 - Species transport on the target during high power impulse magnetron sputtering T2 - Applied Physics Letters Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4976999 SN - 1077-3118 VL - 110 IS - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sowa, Mandy A1 - Großmann, Kai A1 - Knütter, Ilka A1 - Hiemann, Rico A1 - Röber, Nadja A1 - Anderer, Ursula A1 - Csernok, Elena A1 - Bogdanos, Dimitrios Petrou A1 - Borghi, Maria Orietta A1 - Meroni, Pier Luigi A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Reinhold, Dirk A1 - Conrad, Karsten A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk T1 - Simultaneous automated screening and confirmatory testing for vasculitis-specific ANCA T2 - PLoS ONE KW - ANCA KW - vasculitis KW - screening KW - confirmatory testing KW - multiplexing KW - CytoBead technology Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0107743 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 9 IS - 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lehmann, Mario A1 - Martin, Frank A1 - Mannigel, Kerstin A1 - Kaltschmidt, Kristin A1 - Sack, Ulrich A1 - Anderer, Ursula T1 - Three-dimensional scaffold-free fusion culture: the way to enhanced chondrogenesis of in vitro propagated human articular chondrocytes T2 - European Journal of Histochemistry KW - in vitro cartilage KW - 3-D cell culture KW - fusion culture technique KW - tissue engineering KW - cell differentiation KW - extracellular matrix KW - immunohistochemistry Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4081/ejh.2013.e31 SN - 2038-8306 SN - 1121-760X VL - 57 IS - 4 SP - 205 EP - 215 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Martin, Frank A1 - Lehmann, Mario A1 - Schläger, Peter A1 - Sack, Ulrich A1 - Anderer, Ursula T1 - Differentiation capacity of chondrocytes in microtissues depends on TGF-ß subtyp T2 - Journal of biochips & tissue chips : JBTC KW - microtissues KW - differentiation of chondrocytes KW - TGF-β subtypes KW - BMP-7 Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4172/2153-0777.S2-002 SN - 2153-0777 N1 - Special Issue Article VL - S2 IS - 002 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dunkelberg, Elisa A1 - Finkbeiner, Matthias A1 - Hirschl, Bernd T1 - Sugarcane ethanol production in Malawi: Measures to optimize the carbon footprint and to avoid indirect emissions T2 - Biomass and Bioenergy KW - sugar cane ethanol Y1 - 2014 SN - 0961-9534 IS - 71 SP - 37 EP - 45 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knütter, Ilka A1 - Hiemann, Rico A1 - Brumma, Therese A1 - Büttner, Thomas A1 - Großmann, Kai A1 - Cusini, Marco A1 - Pregnolato, Francesca A1 - Borghi, Maria Orietta A1 - Anderer, Ursula A1 - Conrad, Karsten A1 - Reinhold, Dirk A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Csernok, Elena T1 - Automated interpretation of ANCA patterns - a new approach in the serology of ANCA-associated vasculitis T2 - Arthritis Research & Therapy KW - ANCA-associated vasculitis KW - serology KW - pattern recognition algorithms KW - discrimination and classification of cytoplasmic ANCA (C-ANCA) and perinuclear ANCA (P-ANCA) KW - automated interpretation of ANCA IIF Y1 - 2012 UR - http://arthritis-research.com/content/14/6/R271 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/ar4119 SN - 1465-9913 SN - 1478-6354 VL - 14 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Willitzki, Annika A1 - Hiemann, Rico A1 - Peters, Vanessa A1 - Sack, Ulrich A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Anderer, Ursula A1 - Conrad, Karsten A1 - Bogdanos, Dimitrios Petrou A1 - Reinhold, Dirk A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk T1 - New PlatformTechnology for Comprehensive Serological Diagnostics of Autoimmune Diseases T2 - Clinical and Developmental Immunology KW - systemic autoimmune rheumatic disease (SARD) KW - automated IIF methods KW - platform for automated interpretation of cell-based IIF testing KW - microbead immunoassays KW - multiplexing Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/284740 SN - 1740-2530 SN - 1740-2522 SP - 1 EP - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mettke, Angelika A1 - Kühlen, Anna A1 - Reinhardt, Markus A1 - Schultmann, Frank A1 - Haghsheno, Shervin T1 - Verbesserung des Immissionsschutzes bei Abbrucharbeiten durch Planungsunterstüzung und Überwachung T2 - Technische Sicherheit Y1 - 2015 SN - 2191-0073 VL - 5 IS - 7/8 SP - 36 EP - 41 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin A1 - Ward, Hauke A1 - Radebach, Alexander A1 - Vierhaus, Ingmar A1 - Steckel, Jan Christoph T1 - Reducing global CO2 emissions with the technologies we have T2 - Resource and Energy Economics Y1 - 2017 SN - 0928-7655 VL - 49 SP - 201 EP - 217 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin A1 - Humpola, Jesco A1 - Koch, Thorsten T1 - Valid inequalities for the topology optimization problem in gas network design T2 - OR Spectrum Y1 - 2016 SN - 1436-6304 SN - 0171-6468 VL - 38 IS - 3 SP - 597 EP - 631 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Beirow, Bernd A1 - Figaschewsky, Felix A1 - Kühhorn, Arnold A1 - Bornholm, Alfons T1 - Modal Analyses of an Axial Turbine Blisk With Intentional Mistuning T2 - Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power N2 - The potential of intentional mistuning to reduce the maximum forced response is analyzed within the development of an axial turbine blisk for ship diesel engine turbocharger applications. The basic idea of the approach is to provide an increased aerodynamic damping level for particular engine order excitations and mode shapes without any significant distortions of the aerodynamic performance. The mistuning pattern intended to yield a mitigation of the forced response is derived from an optimization study applying genetic algorithms. Two blisk prototypes have been manufactured a first one with and another one without employing intentional mistuning. Hence, the differences regarding the real mistuning and other modal properties can be experimentally determined and evaluated as well. In addition, the experimental data basis allows for updating structural models which are well suited to compute the forced response under operational conditions. In this way, the real benefit achieved with the application of intentional mistuning is demonstrated. KW - Modal Analyses KW - Turbines Y1 - 2018 UR - http://gasturbinespower.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/article.aspx?articleid=2649209#Abstract U6 - https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4037588 SN - 0742-4795 SN - 1528-8919 VL - 140 IS - 1 SP - 012503-1 EP - 012503-11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Heinbach, Katharina A1 - Aretz, Astrid A1 - Hirschl, Bernd A1 - Prahl, Andreas A1 - Salecki, Steven T1 - Renewable energies and their impact on local value added and employment T2 - Energy, Sustainability and Society KW - Renewable energy; employment Y1 - 2014 UR - 10.1186/2192-0567-4-1 SN - 2192-0567 VL - 4 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shihab, Mohammed A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas T1 - Kinetic Investigation of the Ion Angular Distribution in Capacitive Radio-Frequency Plasmas T2 - Physics of Plasmas Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4994754 SN - 1089-7674 VL - 24 IS - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Trieschmann, Jan A1 - Xiao, Shumin A1 - Prokopeva, Ludmila J. A1 - Drachev, Vladimir P. A1 - Kildishev, Alexander V. T1 - Experimental retrieval of the kinetic parameters of a dye in a solid film T2 - Optics Express Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.19.018253 SN - 1094-4087 VL - 19 IS - 19 SP - 18253 EP - 18259 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bobzin, Kirsten A1 - Bagcivan, Nazlim A1 - Theiß, Sebastian A1 - Trieschmann, Jan A1 - Brugnara, Ricardo Henrique A1 - Preissing, Sven A1 - Hecimovic, Ante T1 - Influence of Ar/Kr ratio and pulse parameters in a Cr-N high power pulse magnetron sputtering process on plasma and coating properties T2 - Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1116/1.4865917 SN - 1520-8559 VL - 32 IS - 2 SP - 021513 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müsgens, Felix T1 - Equilibrium prices and investment in electricity systems with CO₂-emission trading and high shares of renewable energies T2 - Energy Economics Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2018.07.028 SN - 0140-9883 VL - 86 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Langa, Sergiu A1 - Conrad, Holger A1 - Kaiser, Bert A1 - Stolz, Michael A1 - Gaudet, Matthieu A1 - Uhlig, Sebastian A1 - Schimmanz, Klaus A1 - Schenk, Harald T1 - Technological aspects of a new micro-electro-mechanical actuation principle: nano e-drive T2 - Microsystem Technologies Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00542-017-3360-6 SN - 1432-1858 VL - 23 IS - 1 SP - 5697 EP - 5708 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lutter, Anne-Helen A1 - Scholka, Jenny A1 - Richter, Heiko A1 - Anderer, Ursula T1 - Applying XTT, WST-1, and WST-8 to human chondrocytes: A comparison of membrane-impermeable tetrazolium salts in 2D and 3D cultures T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation KW - chondrogenic differentiation Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-179213 SN - 1875-8622 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 67 IS - 3-4 SP - 327 EP - 342 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lutter, Anne-Helen A1 - Hempel, Ute A1 - Anderer, Ursula A1 - Dieter, Peter T1 - Biphasic influence of PGE2 on the resorption activity of osteoclast-like cells derived from human peripheral blood monocytes and mouse RAW264.7 T2 - Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids KW - osteoclastic differentiation Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plefa.2016.03.017 SN - 1532-2823 SN - 0952-3278 VL - 111 SP - 1 EP - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwartz, Bernhard A1 - Reiche, Manfred A1 - Kittler, Martin T1 - Influence of strain, donor concentration, carrier confinement, and dislocation density on the efficiency of luminiscence of Ge-based structures on Si substrate T2 - Physica Status Solidi : C, Current Topics in Solid State Physics Y1 - 2017 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/pssc.201700018/full SN - 1610-1642 VL - 14 IS - 7 SP - 1700018-1 EP - 1700018-5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Trieschmann, Jan A1 - Hegemann, Dirk T1 - Plasma polymerization at different positions in an asymmetric ethylene discharge T2 - Journal of Physics : D, Applied physics Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/44/47/475201 SN - 0022-3727 VL - 44 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Roubinet, Eve A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Malsher, Gerard A1 - Staudacher, Karin A1 - Ekbom, Barbara A1 - Traugott, Michael A1 - Jonsson, Mattias T1 - Diet of generalist predators reflects effects of cropping period and farming system on extra- and intraguild prey T2 - Ecological Applications Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.1510 SN - 1939-5582 VL - 27 IS - 4 SP - 1167 EP - 1177 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Fevrier, Valentin A1 - Heinrich, Anna Eva A1 - Rink, Katharina A1 - Smith, Henrik G. T1 - The contribution of CAP greening measures to conservation biological control at two spatial scales T2 - Agriculture, Ecosystem & Environment N2 - To promote a more sustainable agricultural production, the European Commission implemented direct payments that require farmers to implement greening measures aimed at reducing negative effects of agriculture on the environment and biodiversity. These greening measures (including fallows and permanent grasslands) have been criticised for their potential inability to conserve biodiversity and promote associated ecosystem services. In this study, we investigate if the presence of old or recently established fallows and permanent grassland in the landscape are beneficial for the emergence, activity density and spillover of ground-running natural enemies and as a result aphid biological control in cereal fields. Lycosidae and Theridiidae were more numerous in fallows (emergence & activity density) compared to crop fields, while Staphylinidae and Linyphiidae showed opposite patterns. Spillover of Lycosidae was significantly higher from fallows into cereal fields, than between cereal fields. As a result of the opposite patterns in activity density in fallows between different groups of predators, a spillover from fallows did not result in a significantly higher aphid control in crop fields adjacent to them. A high proportion of permanent grassland in the landscape resulted in lower emergence of Linyphiidae and Carabidae. Our results support the assumption that a higher emergence and activity density of ground-running predators generally results in higher spillover to adjacent fields. However, patterns of emergence and activity density differed between individual natural enemy groups. Fallows, independent of age, can therefore act as source or sink depending on the focal predator group and more permanent grassland in the landscape can result in lower local emergence. Fallows at the local scale and permanent grassland at larger spatial scales therefore did not generally promote aphid biological control services provided by ground-running natural enemies. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2017.12.026 SN - 1873-2305 IS - 255 SP - 84 EP - 94 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Andersson, Georg K. S. A1 - Bengtsson, Janne A1 - Bommarco, Riccardo A1 - Dänhardt, Juliana A1 - Ekbom, Barbara A1 - Ekroos, Johan A1 - Hahn, Thomas A1 - Hedlund, Katarina A1 - Jönnson, Annelie M. A1 - Lindborg, Regina A1 - Olsson, Ola A1 - Rader, Romina A1 - Rusch, Adrien A1 - Stjernman, Martin A1 - Williams, Alwyn A1 - Smith, Henrik G. T1 - Relationships between multiple biodiversity components and ecosystem services along a landscape complexity gradient T2 - Biological Conservation Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2017.12.027 SN - 1873-2917 VL - 218 SP - 247 EP - 253 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Staudacher, Karin A1 - Rennstam Rubbmark, Oskar A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Malsher, Gerard A1 - Sint, Daniela A1 - Jonsson, Mattias A1 - Traugott, Michael T1 - Habitat heterogeneity induces rapid changes in the feeding behaviour of generalist arthropod predators T2 - Functional Ecology Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.13028 SN - 1365-2435 VL - 32 IS - 3 SP - 809 EP - 819 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Uhlig, Benedict A1 - Preuß, Ann-Christin A1 - Graf, Johann A1 - Neben, Matthias T1 - Messtechnische und simulative Untersuchung des Ölhaushalts an der Kolbengruppe T2 - MTZ - Motortechnische Zeitschrift N2 - Die Projektreihe Kolbenring-Öltransport dient der Untersuchung der tribologischen Zustände in der Kolbengruppe. Dabei wurde im ersten Projektabschnitt ein 0,5-l-Einzylinder-Forschungsmotor aufgebaut, der mit zahlreichen Sensoren ausgerüstet ist, um diese Zustände messtechnisch zu erfassen. Im zweiten, hier ausschnittsweise vorgestellten Projektabschnitt wurden zusätzliche Simulationsmodelle implementiert, die durch Abgleich mit den aufgezeichneten Messdaten an Genauigkeit gewinnen und zum Verständnis des Ölhaushalts in der Kolbengruppe erheblich beitragen. KW - Kolbenring Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s35146-016-0175-4 SN - 2192-8843 SN - 0024-8525 VL - 78 IS - 2 SP - 76 EP - 81 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Uhlig, Benedict A1 - Preuß, Ann-Christin A1 - Graf, Johann A1 - Neben, Matthias T1 - Measurement and Simulation of the Oil Supply at the Piston Assembly T2 - MTZ worldwide N2 - The main focus of the project series “Piston Ring Oil Transport” is the investigation of the tribological conditions in the piston assembly. Within the first part of the project, a 0.5-l single-cylinder research engine was built up [1, 2], which is equipped with numerous sensors to measure the tribological circumstances. In the second project part [3] presented here, additional simulation models are developed, which gain accuracy compared to the recorded measurement data and contribute significantly to an understanding of the oil supply at the piston assembly. KW - piston ring Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s38313-016-0167-2 SN - 2192-9114 VL - 78 IS - 2 SP - 72 EP - 77 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Datry, Thibault A1 - Singer, Gabriel A1 - Sauquet, Eric A1 - Mutz, Michael T1 - Science and Management of Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams (SMIRES) T2 - Research Ideas and Outcomes KW - Flow intermittence KW - river networks Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.3.e21774 SN - 2367-7163 VL - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Scheele, Alexandra A1 - Bargetz, Brigitte A1 - Lepperhoff, Julia A1 - Ludwig, Gundula A1 - Wilde, Gabriele T1 - Geschlechterverhältnisse als Machtverhältnisse. Einleitung T2 - Femina Politica Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3224/feminapolitica.v26i1.01 SN - 2196-1646 VL - 26 IS - 1 SP - 11 EP - 24 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Acker, Jörg A1 - Langner, Thomas A1 - Meinel, Birgit A1 - Sieber, Tim T1 - Saw Damage as an Etch Mask for the Acidic Texturization of Multicrystalline Silicon Wafers T2 - Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing N2 - The surface of multicrystalline silicon solar cells are etched by mixtures of HF, HNO3 and H2SiF6 in order to remove saw damage caused by wafer slicing, as well as to create a water surface topography that provides a low reflectance for incident light, otherwise known as the texture. Topographically analyzing wafer surfaces before and after etching has revealed that the saw damage controls the texturized wafer surface’s final topography.The first key factor is the dimension and magnitude of the plastic stress field introduced by indenting SiC grains into the wafer surface during the wafering process. The second key factor is that lattice-stressed silicon is etched at a higher rate than unstressed bulk silicon. At the wire entrance, side sharp and large SiC grains create the deepest indention pits, and therefore the deepest of the water surface stress fields. The lattice-disturbed silicon inside these pits is etched at a higher rate compared to the pit’s side walls, which are uniformly attacked across the wafer area. Consequentially, existing pits deepen, and these areas generate the wafer’s lowest reflectivity. At the wire exit side, a higher number of smaller and rounder SiC particles indent the surface and create more numerous and shallower indention pits compared to the wire entrance side. The resulting stress field is less deep, so less silicon is removed from inside of these pits during etching compared to the wire entrance side. This yields to a wafer surface region consisting of shallowly etched pits and higher reflectance. It is concluded that the saw damage acts like an etch mask in the texturization of multicrystalline silicon wafers. KW - silicon KW - texturization KW - acidic etching KW - multi-wire sawing KW - stress field KW - confocal microscopy KW - solar cell Y1 - 2018 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369800117313896 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mssp.2017.09.039 SN - 1369-8001 VL - 74 SP - 238 EP - 248 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Laaser, Knut A1 - Bolton, Sharon C. T1 - Ethics of care and co-worker relationships in UK banks T2 - New Technology, Work and Employment N2 - Utilising an analytical framework based on an ethics of care approach, this article examines the changing nature of co-worker relationships in UK banks under the rise of performance management practices. It illustrates that with the implementation of performance management practices in general, and electronic performance management monitoring in bank branches in particular, co-worker relationships have become increasingly objectified, resulting in disconnected and conflict-ridden forms of engagement. The analysis reveals the multi-layered and necessarily complex nature of co-worker relationships in a changing technologically driven work environment and highlights the possibilities for people to defend the capacity to care for others from the erosive tendencies of individualised processes. KW - co-worker relationships KW - ethic of care KW - electronic performance monitoring Y1 - 2017 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ntwe.12099/full U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/ntwe.12099 SN - 1468-005X VL - 32 IS - 3 SP - 213 EP - 227 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Bylund, Helena A1 - Dalin, Peter A1 - Ferlian, Olga A1 - Gagic, Vesna A1 - Hambäck, Peter A. A1 - Klapwijk, Maartje A1 - Mestre, Laia A1 - Roubinet, Eve A1 - Schroeder, Martin A1 - Stenberg, Johan A. A1 - Porcel, Mario A1 - Björkman, Christer A1 - Jonsson, Mattias T1 - Methods to identify the prey of invertebrate predators in terrestrial field studies T2 - Ecology and Evolution Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2791 SN - 2045-7758 VL - 7 IS - 6 SP - 1942 EP - 1953 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Gossner, Martin M. A1 - Diekötter, Tim A1 - Drees, Claudia A1 - Ferlian, Olga A1 - Maraun, Mark A1 - Scheu, Stefan A1 - Weisser, Wolfgang W. A1 - Wolters, Volkmar A1 - Wurst, Susanne A1 - Zaitsev, Andrey S. A1 - Smith, Henrik G. T1 - Land-use type and intensity differentially filter traits in above- and below-ground arthropod communities T2 - Journal of Animal Ecology Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.12641 SN - 1365-2656 VL - 86 IS - 3 SP - 511 EP - 520 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nyffeler, Martin A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - An estimated 400–800 million tons of prey are annually killed by the global spider community T2 - The Science of Nature Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00114-017-1440-1 SN - 1432-1904 VL - 104 IS - 3-4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nyffeler, Martin A1 - Lapinski, Witold A1 - Snyder, Andrew A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Spiders feeding on earthworms revisited: consumption of giant earthworms in the tropics T2 - Journal of Arachnology Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1636/JoA-17-013.1 SN - 1937-2396 VL - 45 IS - 2 SP - 242 EP - 247 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mader, Viktoria A1 - Diehl, Eva A1 - Fiedler, Daniela A1 - Thorn, Simon A1 - Wolters, Volkmar A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Trade-offs in arthropod conservation between productive and non-productive agri-environmental schemes along a landscape complexity gradient T2 - Insect Conservation and Diversity Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/icad.12220 SN - 1752-4598 VL - 10 IS - 3 SP - 236 EP - 247 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nilsson, Lovisa A1 - Andersson, Georg K. S. A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Smith, Henrik G. T1 - Ignoring ecosystem-service cascades undermines policy for multifunctional agricultural landscapes T2 - Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2017.00109 SN - 2296-701X IS - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Palmu, Erkki A1 - Hanson, Helena I. A1 - Hedlund, Katarina T1 - Can hydrogen and oxygen isotope ratios reveal large-scale patterns in dispersal and dietary origin in ground beetles? T2 - Applied Soil Ecology Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.06.006 SN - 0929-1393 VL - Vol. 119 SP - 99 EP - 103 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Eisenhauer, Nico A1 - Antunes, Pedro M. A1 - Bennett, Alison E. A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Bissett, Andrew A1 - Bowker, Matthew A. A1 - Caruso, Tancredi T1 - Priorities for research in soil ecology T2 - Pedobiologia Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedobi.2017.05.003 SN - 0031-4056 N1 - viele weitere Autoren VL - 63 SP - 1 EP - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hansen, Helena I. A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Smith, Henrik G. A1 - Palmu, Erkki A1 - Hedlund, Katarina T1 - Agricultural land use affects abundance and dispersal tendency of predatory arthropods T2 - Basic and Applied Ecology N2 - Predatory arthropods contribute to biological control, but to become an integral part of agricultural management, it is essential to identify drivers of their spatio-temporal distribution at the landscape scale. This study focuses on how agricultural land use affects the community composition, emergence and dispersal tendency of predatory arthropods. The arthropods were collected in emergence traps during the growing season (14 weeks) in a gradient of agricultural land uses from intensively managed sugar beet fields, over winter wheat fields, to less intensively managed grasslands. The emergence traps were equipped with one pitfall trap and a collecting bottle at the top. The distribution of the arthropods between these two collecting methods was assumed to represent their tendency to move out of the habitat. The grasslands had the highest numbers of spiders, while the winter wheat fields had the highest numbers of omnivorous rove beetles and macropterous predaceous ground beetles. The phenology of emergence differed between the land-use types, resulting in seasonal differences in community composition. The overall dispersal tendency of predatory arthropods was higher in crop fields than in grasslands. This study suggests that only a diverse mix of agricultural land uses will provide high levels of predators from different functional groups, throughout the growing season. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2016.10.004 SN - 1618-0089 SN - 1439-1791 IS - 18 SP - 40 EP - 49 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ivanov, Sergey Y. A1 - Karkhin, Victor A. A1 - Michailov, Vesselin A1 - Martikainen, J. A1 - Hiltunen, E. T1 - Оценка чувствительности сварных соединений Al - Mg - Si-сплавов к ликвационным трещинам при лазерной сварке T1 - Empfindlichkeitsbetrachtung von Heißrissen beim Laserschweißen von Al-Mg-Si-Legierungen T2 - Metallovedenie i termicheskaya obrabotka metallov Y1 - 2017 UR - http://mitom.folium.ru/contents/2017/2017-12.php SN - 0026-0819 IS - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wien, Andreas T1 - GLORIA - Eine Fotografieausstellung von Klemens Renner T2 - Das Münster Y1 - 2017 SN - 0027-299X VL - 70 IS - 3 SP - 242 EP - 244 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lurz, Fabian A1 - Michler, Fabian A1 - Scheiner, Benedict A1 - Weigel, Robert A1 - Kölpin, Alexander T1 - Microw(h)att?! Ultralow-Power Six-Port Radar T2 - IEEE Microwave Magazine Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/MMM.2017.2759640 SN - 1527-3342 VL - 19 IS - 1 SP - 91 EP - 98 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Will, Christoph A1 - Linz, Sarah A1 - Mann, Sebastian A1 - Lurz, Fabian A1 - Lindner, Stefan A1 - Weigel, Robert A1 - Kölpin, Alexander T1 - A 24 GHz Waveguide based Radar System using an Advanced Algorithm for I/Q Offset Cancelation T2 - Advances in Radio Science Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/ars-15-249-2017 SN - 1684-9973 VL - 15 SP - 249 EP - 258 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Milella, Vito-Oronzo A1 - Kölpin, Alexander A1 - Schlücker, Eberhard T1 - Automatization of the storing-in part of a hydrogen storage system using Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers T2 - Energy Technology Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.201700519 SN - 2194-4288 VL - 6 IS - 3 SP - 547 EP - 557 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Will, Christoph A1 - Shi, Kilin A1 - Schellenberger, Sven A1 - Steigleder, Tobias A1 - Michler, Fabian A1 - Weigel, Robert A1 - Ostgathe, Christoph A1 - Kölpin, Alexander T1 - Local Pulse Wave Detection using Continuous Wave Radar Systems T2 - IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics, RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/JERM.2017.2766567 SN - 2469-7249 VL - 1 IS - 2 SP - 81 EP - 89 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sporer, Michael A1 - Weigel, Robert A1 - Kölpin, Alexander T1 - A 24 GHz Dual-Polarized and Robust Dielectric Rod Antenna T2 - IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2017.2764530 VL - 65 IS - 12 SP - 6952 EP - 6959 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Eimecke, Jörgen A1 - Baumert, Katrin A1 - Baier, Daniel T1 - Applying the Repertory Grid Method for Technology Forecasting – Civil Unmanned Aviation Systems for Germany T2 - Management and Production Engineering Review Y1 - 2017 SN - 2082-1344 VL - 8 IS - 3 SP - 22 EP - 30 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Brusch, Michael A1 - Baumert, Katrin A1 - Kastner, Paula T1 - Product Development Based on Design Attributes – An Empirical Analysis of Perceptions and Influences T2 - International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences Y1 - 2017 SN - 1756-669X VL - 9 IS - 3/4 SP - 371 EP - 382 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hofmann, Timo A1 - Brenner, Tobias A1 - Bestle, Dieter T1 - Investigation of the Disc Deflection Behavior of Shim Valves in Vehicle Shock Absorbers T2 - SAE technical papers Y1 - 2018 SN - 0148-7191 SN - 0096-5170 IS - 2018-01-0701 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Henkel, Karsten T1 - Intrinsic defects and multiple-atom processes in the oxidic semiconductor Ga₂O₃ T2 - Journal of Applied Physics N2 - We report on the electronic structure of gallium oxide (Ga₂O₃) single crystals as studied by resonant photoelectron spectroscopy (resPES). We identify intrinsic electronic defects that are formed by mixed-atomic valence states. We differentiate three coexisting defect states that differ in their electronic correlation energy and their spatial localization lengths. Their relative abundance is described by a fractional ionicity with covalent and ionic bonding contributions. For Ga₂O₃, our analyses of the resPES data enable us to derive two main aspects: first, experimental access is given to determine the ionicity based on the original concepts of Pauling and Phillips. Second, we report on multi-atomic energy loss processes in the Ga2p core level and X-ray absorption data. The two experimental findings can be explained consistently in the same context of mixed-atomic valence states and intrinsic electronic defects. KW - resonat photoelectron spectroscopy (resPES) KW - X-Ray absorption KW - gallium oxide (Ga₂O₃) KW - intrinsic electronic defects KW - band scheme Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5010740 SN - 0021-8979 SN - 1089-7550 VL - 123 IS - 16 SP - 161596-1 EP - 161596-9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Frederik A1 - Trieschmann, Jan A1 - Brinkmann, Ralf Peter A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas T1 - Nonlinear interaction of capacitive discharges and power matching networks T2 - Bulletin of the American Physical Society Y1 - 2017 SN - 0003-0503 N1 - 70th Annual Gaseous Electronics Conference, Monday–Friday, November 6–10, 2017, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania VL - 62 IS - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoyermann, Karlheinz A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Olzmann, Matthias A1 - Welz, Oliver A1 - Zeuch, Thomas T1 - Exploring the chemical kinetics of partially oxidized intermediates by combining experiments, theory, and kinetic modeling T2 - Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics N2 - Partially oxidized intermediates play a central role in combustion and atmospheric chemistry. In this perspective, we focus on the chemical kinetics of alkoxy radicals, peroxy radicals, and Criegee intermediates, which are key species in both combustion and atmospheric environments. These reactive intermediates feature a broad spectrum of chemical diversity. Their reactivity is central to our understanding of how volatile organic compounds are degraded in the atmosphere and converted into secondary organic aerosol. Moreover, they sensitively determine ignition timing in internal combustion engines. The intention of this perspective article is to provide the reader with information about the general mechanisms of reactions initiated by addition of atomic and molecular oxygen to alkyl radicals and ozone to alkenes. We will focus on critical branching points in the … KW - reaction kinetics KW - atmospheric chemistry KW - combustion chemistry Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/C7CP02759A SN - 1463-9076 SN - 1463-9084 VL - 19 IS - 28 SP - 18128 EP - 18146 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weber, Kathrin A1 - Li, T. A1 - Løvås, Terese A1 - Perlman, Cathleen A1 - Seidel, Lars A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - Stochastic reactor modeling of biomass pyrolysis and gasification T2 - Journal of analytical and applied pyrolysis N2 - Abstract In this paper, a partially stirred stochastic reactor model is presented as an alternative for the modeling of biomass pyrolysis and gasification. Instead of solving transport equations in all spatial dimensions as in CFD simulations, the description of state variables and mixing processes is based on a probability density function, making this approach computationally efficient. The virtual stochastic particles, an ensemble of flow elements consisting of porous solid biomass particles and surrounding gas, mimic the turbulent exchange of heat and mass in practical systems without the computationally expensive resolution of spatial dimensions. Each stochastic particle includes solid phase, pore gas and bulk gas interaction. The reactor model is coupled with a chemical mechanism for both surface and gas phase reactions. A Monte Carlo algorithm with operator splitting … KW - Pyrolysis KW - gasification KW - Stochastic reactor modeling Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2017.01.003 SN - 0165-2370 VL - 124 SP - 592 EP - 601 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seidel, Lars A1 - Netzer, Corinna A1 - Hilbig, Martin A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Klauer, Christian A1 - Pasternak, Michal A1 - Matrisciano, Andrea T1 - Systematic reduction of detailed chemical reaction mechanisms for engine applications T2 - Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power N2 - In this work, we apply a sequence of concepts for mechanism reduction on one reaction mechanism including novel quality control. We introduce a moment-based accuracy rating method for species profiles. The concept is used for a necessity-based mechanism reduction utilizing 0D reactors. Thereafter a stochastic reactor model for internal combustion engines is applied to control the quality of the reduced reaction mechanism during the expansion phase of the engine. This phase is sensitive on engine out emissions, and is often not considered in mechanism reduction work. The proposed process allows to compile highly reduced reaction schemes for computational fluid dynamics application for internal combustion engine simulations. It is demonstrated that the resulting reduced mechanisms predict combustion and emission formation in engines with accuracies comparable to the original detailed scheme. KW - Reaction Mechanism Reduction KW - Engine Modelling Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4036093 SN - 1528-8919 SN - 0742-4795 VL - 139 IS - 9 SP - 091701-1 EP - 091701-9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nagy, Imre Gergely A1 - Matrisciano, Andrea A1 - Lehtiniemi, Harry A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Schmid, Andreas T1 - Influence of nozzle eccentricity on spray structures in marine diesel sprays T2 - SAE technical papers N2 - Abstract: Large two-stroke marine Diesel engines have special injector geometries, which differ substantially from the configurations used in most other Diesel engine applications. One of the major differences is that injector orifices are distributed in a highly non-symmetric fashion affecting the spray characteristics. Earlier investigations demonstrated the dependency of the spray morphology on the location of the spray orifice and therefore on the resulting flow conditions at the nozzle tip. Thus, spray structure is directly influenced by the flow formation within the orifice. Following recent Large Eddy Simulation resolved spray primary breakup studies, the present paper focuses on spray secondary breakup odelling of asymmetric spray structures in Euler-Lagrangian framework based on previously obtained droplet distributions of primary breakup. Firstly, the derived droplet distributions were … KW - Marine Diesel KW - Spray Y1 - 2017 SN - 0148-7191 SN - 0096-5170 N1 - Event: 13th International Conference on Engines & Vehicles IS - 2017-24-0031 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Banyon, Colin A1 - Rodriguez Henriquez, Jose Juan A1 - Paterakis, George A1 - Malliotakis, Zisis A1 - Souflas, Konstantinos A1 - Keramiotis, Christos A1 - Vourliotakis, George A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Curran, Henry J. A1 - Skevis, George A1 - Koutmos, Panagiotis A1 - Founti, Maria T1 - A comparative study of the effect of varied reaction environments on a swirl stabilized flame geometry via optical measurements T2 - Fuel : the science and technology of fuel and energy N2 - The present work is a part of a larger experimental campaign which examines the behaviour of various fuels on a swirl stabilized flame burner configuration. Overall, detailed speciation measurements and temperature measurements were combined with optical measurements. The work presented here concerns the part of the experimental campaign which deals with the optical characteristics of the examined flames. The work adds to the growing database of experimental measurements assessing engine-relevant reaction environments which shift from traditional ones in order to meet pollutant emission regulations and efficiency standards. Here, the oxidation of several commonly used fuel and fuel surrogates that are subjected to the addition of a bio-derived fuel additive (dimethyl ether) and emulated exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is studied in a laboratory-scale swirl … KW - swirl burner KW - speciation measurements KW - temperature measurements Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2017.09.105 SN - 0016-2361 VL - 216 SP - 826 EP - 834 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Medina Méndez, Juan Ali A1 - Schmidt, Heiko A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Jozefik, Zoltan T1 - Constant volume n-Heptane autoignition using One-Dimensional Turbulence T2 - Combustion and Flame N2 - Abstract Constant volume premixed lean n-Heptane/air autoignition at high pressure is investigated using the One-Dimensional Turbulence (ODT) model. The configuration consists of a 1D fixed volume domain with a prescribed velocity spectrum and temperature fluctuations superimposed on an initial uniformly elevated scalar field. The sensitivity of the heat release rate and pressure evolution to the initial temperature distribution is studied by imposing different initial temperature fields while holding the mean, RMS and integral length scale of the field constant. Three detailed chemical mechanisms are employed for the prediction of autoignition and heat release rate. To mitigate the high computational cost associated with the calculation of the chemical source terms in the stiff complex mechanisms, an approach based on the Strang-Splitting method is presented. Finally, a … KW - One-Dimensional Turbulence KW - n-Heptane autoignition Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2017.12.015 SN - 0010-2180 VL - 190 SP - 388 EP - 401 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hilt, Sabine A1 - Alirangues Nuñez, Marta M. A1 - Bakker, Elisabeth S. A1 - Blindow, Irmgard A1 - Davidson, Thomas A. A1 - Gillefalk, Mikael A1 - Hansson, Lars-Anders A1 - Janse, Jan H. A1 - Janssen, Annette B. G. A1 - Jeppesen, Erik A1 - Kabus, Timm-Alexander A1 - Kelly, Andrea A1 - Köhler, Jan A1 - Lauridsen, Torben L. A1 - Mooij, Wolf M. A1 - Noordhuis, Ruurd A1 - Phillips, Geoff A1 - Rücker, Jacqueline A1 - Schuster, Hans-Heinrich A1 - Søndergaard, Martin A1 - Teurlincx, Sven A1 - Weyer, Klaus van de A1 - Donk, Ellen van A1 - Waterstraat, Arno A1 - Willby, Nigel A1 - Sayer, Carl D. T1 - Response of Submerged Macrophyte Communities to External and Internal Restoration Measures in North Temperate Shallow Lakes T2 - Frontiers in plant science KW - aquatic plants KW - biomanipulation KW - eutrophication Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.00194 SN - 1664-462X VL - 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jost, Annemarie T1 - Psychosoziale Auswirkungen von FASD bei Kindern und Jugendlichen T2 - Edukacja Dziecka N2 - Fetale Alkoholspektrum-Störungen (FASD) werden nicht selten übersehen, da sie im Gegensatz zum Vollbild des Fetalen Alkoholsyndroms (FAS) nicht mit deutlichen Gesichtsveränderungen und nicht immer mit einer geistigen Behinderung einhergehen. So werden die psychosozialen Folgen dann anderen Faktoren wie Bindungsstörungen, Erziehungsdefiziten oder Traumatisierungen zugeschrieben. Aus diesem Grund sollen die psychosozialen Folgen dieser biologischen Beeinträchtigung in verschiedenen Altersphasen erläutert werden, um dann die Herausforderungen im Bereich der Kinder- und Jugendhilfe, der Schule sowie der Jugendgerichtshilfe im Umgang mit FASD Betroffenen aufzuzeigen. Hierbei wird besonders auf die Betroffenen ohne eine geistige Behinderung eingegangen. KW - FASD KW - Jugendliche KW - Kinder KW - Fetales Alkoholsyndrom Y1 - 2017 SN - 2543-6406 IS - 1 SP - 33 EP - 40 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Albrecht, Eike A1 - Tappert, Alexander A1 - Zschiegner, André T1 - Zum Begriff einer Gefährdung des Gesetzeszwecks im immissionsschutz-rechtlichen Fristverlängerungstatbestand des § 18 Abs. 3 BImSchG T2 - Umwelt und Planungsrecht : UPR Y1 - 2018 SN - 0721-7390 VL - 38 IS - 1 SP - 17 EP - 28 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ackermann, Jörg A1 - Näser, Peggy T1 - Systematische Gestaltung kompetenzzellenbasierter Produktionsstätten T2 - wt Werkstattstechnik online KW - Fabrikplanung Y1 - 2003 VL - 93 IS - 5 SP - 434 EP - 438 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Löffler, Antje A1 - Luck, Tobias A1 - Then, Francisca S. A1 - Luck-Sikorski, Claudia A1 - Pabst, Alexander A1 - Kovacs, Peter A1 - Böttcher, Yvonne A1 - Breitfeld, Jana A1 - Tönjes, Anke A1 - Horstmann, Annette A1 - Löffler, Markus A1 - Engel, Christoph A1 - Thiery, Joachim A1 - Villringer, Arno A1 - Stumvoll, Michael A1 - Riedel-Heller, Steffi G. T1 - Effects of psychological eating behaviour domains on the association between socio-economic status and BMI T2 - Public Health Nutrition Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980017001653 SN - 1475-2727 VL - 20 IS - 15 SP - 2706 EP - 2712 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Luo, Xia A1 - Ebel, Thomas A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Limberg, Wolfgang A1 - Lin, Yuanhua T1 - Carbides evolution of Ti-22Nb based alloys prepared by Metal Injection Molding and the Reduction Methods T2 - Materials Letters Y1 - 2017 SN - 1873-4979 SN - 0167-577X VL - 193 SP - 295 EP - 298 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berger, Ulrich A1 - Schäfer, Stephan A1 - Schöttke, Dirk A1 - Kämpfe, Thomas A1 - Krönke, Dietrich A1 - Tauber, Bernd T1 - Flexible Erweiterung von Arbeitsräumen T2 - atp edition Y1 - 2016 SN - 2364-3137 SN - 0178-2320 VL - 58 IS - 7-8 SP - 58 EP - 67 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Guimaraes, R. P. M. A1 - Soyama, Juliano A1 - Ebel, Thomas A1 - Fredel, Márcio C. A1 - Pyczak, Florian T1 - Influence of α-Phase Field Heat Treatment on the Tensile and Primary Creep Resistance of a Powder Metallurgical Processed Ti-45Al-5Nb-0.2B-0.2C Titanium Aluminide Alloy T2 - Materials Science Forum Y1 - 2017 SN - 0255-5476 VL - 899 SP - 418 EP - 423 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Li A1 - Lorenz, Uwe A1 - Münch, Mathias A1 - Stark, Andreas A1 - Pyczak, Florian T1 - Influence of alloy composition and thermal history on carbide precipitation in γ-based TiAl alloys T2 - Intermetallics Y1 - 2017 SN - 0966-9795 VL - 89 SP - 32 EP - 39 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schnellenbach, Jan T1 - Verhaltensökonomische Theorie der Politik und die Robustheit politischer Institutionen T2 - List-Forum für Wirtschafts- und Finanzpolitik Y1 - 2017 SN - 2364-3943 SN - 0937-0862 VL - 43 IS - 3 SP - 197 EP - 219 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schnellenbach, Jan T1 - On the Behavioural Political Economy of Regulating Fake News T2 - Ordo - Jahrbuch für die Ordnung von Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft Y1 - 2018 SN - 2366-0481 SN - 0048-2129 VL - 68 SP - 197 EP - 219 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schnellenbach, Jan T1 - Zwischen homo oeconomicus und homo sapiens: ein Nobelpreis für Realismus in den Verhaltensannahmen T2 - ORDO - Jahrbuch für die Ordnung von Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft Y1 - 2018 SN - 2366-0481 SN - 0048-2129 VL - 68 SP - 325 EP - 330 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gabrisch, Heike A1 - Lorenz, Uwe A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Rackel, Marcus W. A1 - Stark, Andreas T1 - Morphology and stability of orthorhombic and hexagonal phases in a lamellar γ-Ti-42Al-8.5Nb alloy-A transmission electron microscopy study T2 - Acta Materialia Y1 - 2017 SN - 1359-6454 VL - 135 SP - 304 EP - 313 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Amherd Hidalgo, Alexandra A1 - Frykholm, Robert A1 - Ebel, Thomas A1 - Pyczak, Florian T1 - Powder Metallurgy Strategies to Improve Properties and Processing of Titanium Alloys: A Review T2 - Advanced Engineering Materials Y1 - 2017 SN - 1527-2648 VL - 19 IS - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Li A1 - Zenk, Carolin A1 - Stark, Andreas A1 - Felfer, Peter A1 - Gabrisch, Heike A1 - Göken, Mathias A1 - Lorenz, Uwe A1 - Pyczak, Florian T1 - Morphology evolution of Ti3AlC carbide precipitates in high Nb containing TiAl alloys T2 - Acta Materialia Y1 - 2017 SN - 1359-6454 IS - 137 SP - 36 EP - 44 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Li, Yuzhi A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Oehring, Michael A1 - Wang, Li A1 - Paul, Jonathan A1 - Lorenz, Uwe A1 - Yao, Zekun T1 - Thermal Stability of gamma' phase in long-term aged Co-Al-W alloys T2 - Journal of Alloys and Compounds Y1 - 2017 SN - 0925-8388 VL - 729 SP - 266 EP - 276 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Li, Yuzhi A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Paul, Jonathan A1 - Oehring, Michael A1 - Lorenz, Uwe A1 - Yao, Zekun T1 - Microstructure evolution in L12 hardened Co-base superalloys during creep T2 - Journal of Materials Research Y1 - 2017 SN - 2044-5326 SN - 0884-2914 VL - 32 IS - 24 SP - 4522 EP - 4530 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Straub, Andrea A1 - Bulle, Helmut A1 - Fichtner, Nicole T1 - Dichtheitsprüfung in der Abwassertechnik nach DIN-Normen und dem Regelwerk der DWA T2 - gwf Wasser-Abwasser KW - Dichtheitsprüfung mit Wasser KW - Dichtheitsprüfung mit Luft KW - Abwasserleitung KW - Abwasserkanal KW - Behälter KW - Kleinkläranlagen Y1 - 2017 SN - 0016-3651 VL - 158 IS - 6 SP - 77 EP - 88 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Paul, Jonathan A1 - Oehring, Michael A1 - Appel, Fritz A1 - Pyczak, Florian T1 - Depth resolved near-surface residual stresses in γ-based TiAl before and after high-temperature exposure T2 - Intermetallics Y1 - 2017 SN - 0966-9795 VL - 84 SP - 103 EP - 111 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Iqbal, Farasat A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Neumeier, Steffen A1 - Göken, Mathias T1 - Crack nucleation and elastic / plastic deformation of TiAl alloys investigated by in-situ loaded atomic force microscopy T2 - Materials Science and Engineering : A, Structural materials Y1 - 2017 SN - 0921-5093 SN - 1873-4936 VL - 689 SP - 11 EP - 16 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kim, Young Min A1 - Mendis, Chamini A1 - Sasask, Taisuke A1 - Letzig, Dietmar A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Hono, Kazuhiro A1 - Yi, Sangbong T1 - Static recrystallization behaviour of cold rolled Mg-Zn-Y alloy and role of solute segregation in microstructure evolution T2 - Scripta Materialia Y1 - 2017 SN - 1359-6462 VL - 136 SP - 41 EP - 45 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Soyama, Juliano A1 - Oehring, Michael A1 - Ebel, Thomas A1 - Kainer, Karl Ulrich A1 - Pyczak, Florian T1 - Sintering Behavior and Microstructure Formation of Titanium Aluminide Alloys Processed by Metal Injection Molding T2 - JOM : the journal of the Minerals, Metals & Materials Society Y1 - 2017 SN - 1047-4838 SN - 1543-1851 VL - 69 IS - 4 SP - 676 EP - 682 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Santhanakrishnan Balakrishnan, Venkateswaran A1 - Seidlitz, Holger T1 - Potential repair techniques for automotive composites: A review T2 - Composites Part B: Engineering N2 - Composite materials have gained popularity in automotive industries due to its lightweight potential, good damping behaviour as well as high strength and stiffness properties. Based on the increase in usage of composites, there is a growing interest for a repair technique in the automotive industry. Along with these raise in demand there comes a need for an all-inclusive review article and the objective of this article is to address this need. Two repair techniques, namely scarfing repair and injection repair, have the potential to be used in automotive industry. This paper compiles the various research work done in this field of repairing along with various processing steps associated with it. Further this paper reviews the non-destructive technique that can be used for damage identification and repair assessment. KW - Automotive repair KW - scarf repair KW - injection repair KW - polymer-matrix composites Y1 - 2018 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359836817342063 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2018.03.016 SN - 1359-8368 IS - 145 SP - 28 EP - 38 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kashkarov, Egor B. A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Sutygina, Alina A1 - Uludintceva, Elena A1 - Mitrofanov, Andrei A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Hydrogen Permeation, and Mechanical and Tribological Behavior, of CrNx Coatings Deposited at Various Bias Voltages on IN718 by Direct Current Reactive Sputtering T2 - Coatings N2 - In the current work, the microstructure, hydrogen permeability, and properties of chromium nitride (CrNₓ) thin films deposited on the Inconel 718 superalloy using direct current reactive sputtering are investigated. The influence of the substrate bias voltage on the crystal structure, mechanical, and tribological properties before and after hydrogen exposure was studied. It was found that increasing the substrate bias voltage leads to densification of the coating. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results reveal a change from mixed fcc-CrN + hcp-Cr₂N to the approximately stoichiometric hcp-Cr₂N phase with increasing substrate bias confirmed by wavelength-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (WDS). The texture coefficients of (113), (110), and (111) planes vary significantly with increasing substrate bias voltage. The hydrogen permeability was measured by gas-phase hydrogenation. The CrN coating deposited at 60 V with mixed c-CrN and (113) textured hcp-Cr₂N phases exhibits the lowest hydrogen absorption at 873 K. It is suggested that the crystal orientation is only one parameter influencing the permeation resistance of the CrNx coating together with the film structure, the presence of mixing phases, and the packing density of the structure. After hydrogenation, the hardness increased for all coatings, which could be related to the formation of a Cr₂O₃ oxide film on the surface, as well as the defect formation after hydrogen loading. Tribological tests reveal that hydrogenation leads to a decrease of the friction coefficient by up to 40%. The lowest value of 0.25 ± 0.02 was reached for the CrNₓ coating deposited at 60 V after hydrogenation. KW - CrNx coatings KW - Physical Vapour Deposition (PVD) KW - hydrogenation KW - tribology KW - mechanical properties KW - X-ray diffraction Y1 - 2018 UR - http://www.mdpi.com/2079-6412/8/2/66/htm U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings8020066 SN - 2079-6412 N1 - Special Issue "Surface Preparation and Treatments for Enhancing the Coating Performance" VL - 8 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Richter, Sebastian A1 - Bestehorn, Michael T1 - Thin-film Faraday patterns in three dimensions T2 - The European Physical Journal Special Topics N2 - We investigate the long time evolution of a thin fluid layer in three spatial dimensions located on a horizontal planar substrate. The substrate is subjected to time-periodic external vibrations in normal and in tangential direction with respect to the plane surface. The governing partial differential equation system of our model is obtained from the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations considering the limit of a thin fluid geometry and using the long wave lubrication approximation. It includes inertia and viscous friction. Numerical simulations evince the existence of persistent spatially complex surface patterns (periodic and quasiperiodic) for certain superpositions of two vertical excitations and initial conditions. Additional harmonic lateral excitations cause deformations but retain the basic structure of the patterns. Horizontal ratchet-shaped forces lead to a controllable lateral movement of the fluid. A Floquet analysis is used to determine the stability of the linearized system. KW - Thin Film Instabilities Y1 - 2017 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1140/epjst/e2016-60234-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1140/epjst/e2016-60234-4 SN - 1951-6401 SN - 1951-6355 VL - 226 IS - 6 SP - 1253 EP - 1261 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Evdokimov, Anton A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Ossenbrink, Ralf A1 - Weiß, Sabine A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Mechanical properties of dissimilar steel-aluminum weld T2 - Materials Science and Engineering: A N2 - Knowledge of the properties of dissimilar welds is of great significance for the development of multi-material lightweight structures. In this study, stainless steel (1.4301) and aluminum alloy (6082-T6) sheets were welded in overlap configuration in keyhole mode. The resulting weld metals were investigated with respect to their mechanical properties. Several samples were cut out of different locations along the welds and their cross-sections were subjected to indentation testing and energy dispersive X-ray (EDS) analysis. Young's modulus E, yield stress σy, and strain hardening exponent n, were determined by means of reverse analysis of the indentation load (P) – depth (h) curves, allowing construction of true stress – true strain relations. An essential increase in yield stress in comparison to the one of the base alloys was observed inside the weld metal. In contrary, Young's modulus and strain hardening exponent of the welds were almost identical to corresponding values of the base steel metal. Due to the sensitivity of yield stress to the aluminum content, slight variations of the welding parameters lead to significant changes in elastic-plastic behavior of the weld metal. KW - Mechanical properties KW - Indentation KW - Reverse analysis KW - EDS measurements KW - Dissimilar steel aluminum welding KW - FEM Y1 - 2018 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921509318303563 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2018.03.019 SN - 0921-5093 VL - Volume 722 SP - 242 EP - 254 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kot, Małgorzata A1 - Wojciechowski, Konrad A1 - Snaith, Henry J. A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Evidence of Nitrogen Contribution to the Electronic Structure of the CH₃NH₃PbI₃ Perovskite T2 - Chemistry - A European Journal N2 - Despite fast development of hybrid perovskite solar cells, there are many fundamental questions related to the perovskite film which remain open. For example, there are contradicting theoretical reports on the role of the or-ganic methylammonium cation (CH₃NH₃+)in the methylam-monium lead triiodide (CH₃NH₃PbI₃)perovskite film. From one side it is reported that the organic cation does not contribute to electronic structure of the CH₃NH₃PbI₃ film. From the other side, valence band maximum fluctuations, dependent on the CH₃NH₃+ rotation, have been theoretically predicted. The resonant X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results reported here show experimental evidence of nitrogen contribution to the CH₃NH₃PbI₃ electronic structure. Moreover,the observed strong resonances of nitrogen with the I 5s and the Pb 5d-6s levels indicate that the CH₃NH₃PbI₃ valence band is extended up to ~18 eV below the Fermi energy, and therefore one should also consider these shallow core levels while modeling its electronic structure. KW - methylammonium lead triiodide (CH₃NH₃PbI₃) KW - electronic structure KW - perovskite solar cells KW - resonant X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (resPES) Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201705144 SN - 0947-6539 SN - 1521-3765 VL - 24 IS - 14 SP - 3539 EP - 3544 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Janowitz, Christoph A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Significance of out-of-plane electronic contributions in Bi-cuprates studied by resonant photoelectron spectroscopy at the Cu2p-edge T2 - Superconductor Science and Technology N2 - In high-temperature superconductors with a layered crystal structure, the copper–oxygen planes are commonly considered to dominate the electronic properties around the Fermi energy. As a consequence, out-of-plane contributions are often neglected in the description of these materials. Here we report on a resonant photoemission study of Pb₀,4Bi1,₆Sr₂,₀CaCu₂0₈ ((Pb, Bi)-2212) and Pb₀,₆Bi₁,₄Sr₁.5La₀.5Cu0₆ ((Pb, Bi)-2201)) single crystals to unravel the resonant decay mechanisms at the Cu2p absorption edge. We find evidence for a pronounced polarization dependence caused by two different Auger processes for in-plane and out-of-plane orientations. We deduce that the lowest energy valence state—which is involved in the two Auger processes—consists of three-dimensional contributions by admixed out-of-plane Sr, Bi, and 02p states. It also suggests that the doping-induced charge density is dynamic, fluctuating within the Cu–0 plane, and spills out perpendicular to it. This suggests that out-of-plane electronic degrees of freedom should be included in future consistent theoretical models of these materials. KW - synchrotron radiation KW - polarization dependence KW - 3D hole doping KW - superconductor Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6668/aaadf6 SN - 0953-2048 SN - 1361-6668 VL - 31 IS - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sterman-Cohen, Elad A1 - Bestehorn, Michael A1 - Oron, Alexander T1 - Rayleigh-Taylor instability in thin liquid films subjected to harmonic vibration T2 - Physics of Fluids N2 - The dynamics of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability of a two-dimensional thin liquid film placed on the underside of a planar substrate subjected to either normal or tangential harmonic forcing is investigated here in the framework of a set of long-wave evolution equations accounting for inertial effects derived earlier by Bestehorn, Han, and Oron [“Nonlinear pattern formation in thin liquid films under external vibrations,” Phys. Rev. E 88, 023025 (2013)]. In the case of tangential vibration, the linear stability analysis of the time-periodic base state with a flat interface shows the existence of the domain of wavenumbers where the film is unstable. In the case of normal vibration, the linear stability analysis of the quiescent base state reveals that the instability threshold of the system is depicted by a combination of distinct thresholds separate for the Rayleigh-Taylor and Faraday instabilities. The nonlinear dynamics of the film interface in the case of the static substrate results in film rupture. However, in the presence of the substrate vibration in the lateral direction, the film interface saturates in certain domains in the parameter space via the mechanism of advection induced by forcing, so that the continuity of the film interface is preserved even in the domains of linear instability while undergoing the time-periodic harmonic evolution. On the other hand, sufficiently strong forcing introduces a new inertial mode of rupture. In the case of the normal vibration, the film evolution may exhibit time-periodic, harmonic or subharmonic saturated waves apart of rupture. The enhancement of the frequency or amplitude of the substrate forcing promotes the destabilization of the system and a tendency to film rupture at the nonlinear stage of its evolution. A possibility of saturation of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability by either normal or unidirectional tangential forcing in three dimensions is also demonstrated. KW - Materials KW - Condensed matter properties KW - Interfaces KW - Liquid surfaces KW - Lasers KW - Surface and interface chemistry KW - Surfaces KW - Optical metrology KW - Thermal effects KW - Thin films Y1 - 2017 UR - https://aip.scitation.org/doi/abs/10.1063/1.4984082 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4984082 SN - 1089-7666 VL - 29 IS - 5 SP - 052105-1 EP - 052105-17 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sterman-Cohen, Elad A1 - Bestehorn, Michael A1 - Oron, Alexander T1 - Ratchet flow of thin liquid films induced by a two-frequency tangential forcing T2 - Physics of Fluids N2 - A possibility of saturating Rayleigh-Taylor instability in a thin liquid film on the underside of a substrate in the gravity field by harmonic vibration of the substrate was recently investigated [E. Sterman-Cohen, M. Bestehorn, and A. Oron, Phys. Fluids 29, 052105 (2017); Erratum, Phys. Fluids 29, 109901 (2017)]. In the present work, we investigate the feasibility of creating a directional flow of the fluid in a film in the Rayleigh-Taylor configuration and controlling its flow rate by applying a two-frequency tangential forcing to the substrate. It is shown that in this situation, a ratchet flow develops, and the dependence of its flow rate on the vibration frequency, amplitude, its periodicity, and asymmetry level is investigated for water and silicone-oil films. A cause for the emergence of symmetry-breaking and an ensuing flow in a preferred direction is discussed. Some aspects of a ratchet flow in a liquid film placed on top of the substrate are discussed as well. A comparison with the case of a neglected fluid inertia is made, and the differences are explained. KW - Materials KW - Microfluidics KW - Materials science KW - Polymers KW - Fluidics KW - Applied fluid dynamics KW - Navier Stokes equations KW - Rheology and fluid dynamics KW - Thin films KW - Statistical physics Y1 - 2018 UR - https://aip.scitation.org/doi/full/10.1063/1.5010262 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5010262 SN - 1089-7666 VL - 30 IS - 2 SP - 022101-1 EP - 022101-13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Razi, Sepehr A1 - Varlamova, Olga A1 - Reif, Jürgen A1 - Bestehorn, Michael A1 - Varlamov, Sergej A1 - Mollabashi, Mahmoud A1 - Madanipour, Khosro A1 - Ratzke, Markus T1 - Birth of periodic Micro/Nano structures on 316L stainless steel surface following femtosecond laser irradiation; single and multi scanning study T2 - Optics & Laser Technology N2 - Formation of coherent laser induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) on stainless steel type 316L by 100 fs laser pulses at 800 nm wavelength is investigated. Specifically focusing on the large area treatment, effect of the irradiation dose (fluence × pulse number) on the uniformity of the morphology, orientation of the ripples respect to the laser polarization and their periodicity is studied systematically. Controlling the pulse number via varying the scanning speed, the difference between irradiating one particular dose in single scan with its irradiation in separate steps is inspected. Results clearly point out that not only the irradiation dose but also the irradiation way and the time delay between the pulse trains might have a significant effect on the final outcomes. It is discussed in detail that the experimental observations are supporting the model of self-organized structure formation due to irradiation induced instability. KW - Laser surface processing KW - Laser induced periodic surface structures KW - Steel Y1 - 2018 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0030399217310320#! U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optlastec.2018.02.001 SN - 0030-3992 SN - 0308-4280 VL - 104 SP - 8 EP - 16 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bacher, Christian A1 - Riebel, Ulrich A1 - Marschall, Simon A1 - Groll, Andreas T1 - Visualization of submicron aerosol agglomeration by laser-induced fluorescence T2 - Aerosol Science and Technology KW - Aerosol KW - agglomeration Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2017.1339863 SN - 1521-7388 VL - 51 IS - 9 SP - 1093 EP - 1098 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Eckert, Karl-Andreas A1 - Dasgupta, Sunanda A1 - Selge, Benjamin A1 - Ay, Peter T1 - Novel model for the prediction of SSLE temperatures and crystallization paths of any mixture containing palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic and linolenic acid T2 - Thermochimica Acta N2 - A mathematical model for the prediction of phase change temperatures and crystallization paths for mixtures consisting of palmitic (P), stearic (S), oleic (O), linoleic (L) and linolenic acid (Ll) in any distribution is presented in this paper. This model is based on the information gathered from modeled ternary phase diagrams, namely PSO, PSL, PSLl and OLLl, that were based on experimental binary phase diagrams of all possible combinations of these fatty acids. These experimental binary phase diagrams were obtained by means of differential scanning calorimetry and mathematical function fitting, within which the eutectic region of binary palmitic/stearic with oleic/linoleic/linolenic acid was investigated in detail. The basic mathematical model used was previously shown in literature which delivered good results for such systems. The importance of the developed model was then justified by investigations on real and composed synthetic fatty acid mixtures, where a high accuracy of the predicted temperatures could be shown for the technically relevant liquidus and solidus temperatures. A satisfying prediction for thermal events below the first solidus line could be reached as well. This work directly contributes to an enhanced understanding of the thermodynamic and kinetic background of such important mixtures applied in diverse products and industries, thereby showing a large optimization potential for crystallization technologies. KW - Binary mixtures KW - Ternary mixtures KW - Solid liquid equilibrium KW - Saturated and unsaturated fatty acids KW - Phase diagram KW - DSC KW - Modeling Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2017.03.015 SN - 0040-6031 VL - 652 SP - 126 EP - 140 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gilbert, David A1 - Heiner, Monika A1 - Rohr, Christian T1 - Petri-net-based 2D Design of DNA Walker Circuits T2 - Natural Computing Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11047-018-9671-4 SN - 1572-9796 SN - 1567-7818 VL - 17 IS - 1 SP - 161 EP - 182 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Xu, Hongwei A1 - Curtis, Tanya Y. A1 - Powers, Stephen J. A1 - Raffan, Sarah A1 - Gao, Runhong A1 - Huang, Jianhua A1 - Heiner, Monika A1 - Gilbert, David A1 - Halford, Nigel G. T1 - Genomic, biochemical and modelling analyses of asparagine synthetases from wheat T2 - Frontiers in Plant Science Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.02237 SN - 1664-462X VL - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schulze, Nicole A1 - Simmank, Peggy A1 - Eichhorn, Juliane T1 - Singen bei der Körperpflege T2 - Die Schwester, der Pfleger N2 - Singen kann den Zugang zu Personen erleichtern, die Pflege zurückweisen. Gleichzeitig profitieren sowohl pflegebedürftige Personen als auch Pflegende selbst von dieser Art der Intervention. Der Beitrag fasst zusammen, wie sich das Singen von Pflegekräften auf das abwehrende Verhalten der Pflegebedürftigen auswirkt. KW - Singen KW - Pflege KW - Körperflege Y1 - 2018 UR - https://www.bibliomed-pflege.de/zeitschriften/die-schwester-der-pfleger/heftarchiv/ausgabe/artikel/sp-1-2018-teamkonflikte-konstruktiv-loesen-effektiv-vorbeugen/34040-singen-bei-der-koerperpflege/ SN - 0340-5303 VL - 57 IS - 1 SP - 50 EP - 52 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Blaen, Phillip J. A1 - Kurz, Marie Juliette A1 - Drummond, Jennifer D. A1 - Knapp, Julia L. A. A1 - Mendoza-Lera, Clara A1 - Schmadel, Noah M. A1 - Klaar, Megan A1 - Jäger, Anna A1 - Folegot, Silvia A1 - Lee-Cullin, Joseph A1 - Ward, Adam A1 - Zarnetske, Jay A1 - Datry, Thibault A1 - Milner, Alexander A1 - Lewandowski, Jörg A1 - Hannah, David M. A1 - Krause, Stefan T1 - Woody debris is related to reach-scale hotspots of lowland stream ecosystem respiration under baseflow conditions T2 - Ecohydrology : ecosystems, land and water process interactions, ecohydrogeomorphology KW - Stream metabolism KW - ecosystem respiration Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.1952 SN - 1936-0592 SN - 1936-0584 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Sturm, Astrid A1 - Drechsler, Martin A1 - Johst, Karin A1 - Mewes, Melanie T1 - DSS-Ecopay - A decision support software for designing ecologically effective and cost-effective agri-environment schemes to conserve endangered grassland biodiversity T2 - Agricultural Systems Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2018.01.008 SN - 0308-521X VL - 161 SP - 113 EP - 116 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Götter, Johanna Friederike T1 - Development, Informal Institutions and Agency Analyzed through the Lens of New Institutional Anthropology: A Modification of Ensminger's Framework on Institutional Change T2 - Journal of contextual economics : Schmollers Jahrbuch Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3790/jce.137.1-2.69 SN - 2568-7603 SN - 2568-762X VL - 137 IS - 1-2 SP - 69 EP - 91 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stechow, Richard A1 - Mißler-Behr, Magdalena T1 - State-Of-The-Art And Further Developments In Business Model Research For Industry 4.0 T2 - The EUrASEANs : journal on global socio-economic dynamics Y1 - 2017 SN - 2539-5645 VL - 6 IS - 7 SP - 51 EP - 57 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hobusch, Katharina A1 - Mißler-Behr, Magdalena T1 - Reduction of supply chain risks due to Industry 4.0 implementation T2 - The EUrASEANs : journal on global socio-economic dynamics Y1 - 2017 SN - 2539-5645 VL - 5 IS - 6 SP - 40 EP - 47 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hartmann, Carsten A1 - Richter, Lorenz A1 - Schütte, Christof A1 - Zhang, Wei T1 - Variational characterization of free energy: theory and algorithms T2 - Entropy Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/e19110626 SN - 1099-4300 N1 - Special Issue "Understanding Molecular Dynamics via Stochastic Processes" VL - 19 IS - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Henke, Anna-Sophia A1 - Sarradj, Ennes A1 - Langhof, Carsten T1 - Driving-point mobility and sound insulation of structured sheet metal T2 - Applied Acoustics Y1 - 2018 SN - 0003-682X VL - 136 SP - 113 EP - 122 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nowak, Elisabeth A1 - Martin, F. A1 - George, Sandra A1 - Röber, Nadja A1 - Conrad, Karsten A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner T1 - Bacterial production and purification of immunoreactive paraneoplastic neurological syndrome autoantigen Ma2 T2 - Journal of Cellular Biotechnology N2 - Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS) are caused by an immune response against neuronal proteins upon their ectopical expression in tumor cells. Ma2 belongs to the protein family of paraneoplastic Ma antigens (PNMA). Detection of Ma2-specific autoantibodies is relevant for diagnostics of anti-Ma2 PNS and an underlying tumor such as germ testicular cancer, small cell lung cancer or breast cancer. Thus, early tumor treatment should improve the outcome for PNS therapy either. Dot blot immunoassay based on recombinantly expressed and purified autoantigens could offer a sensitive method for identification of paraneoplastic autoantibodies from sera of PNS patients. Here we present purification with IMAC and FPLC of human Ma2 autoantigen upon its recombinant expression in E.coli. Furthermore, we provide evidence that dot blot immunoassays with purified Ma2 autoantigen can be used for detection of Ma2-specific autoantibodies from sera of PNS patients. KW - Autoimmune disease KW - autoantibodies KW - dot blot immunoassay KW - FPLC KW - IMAC KW - Ma2 KW - PNMA2 KW - PNS KW - T7 expression system Y1 - 2017 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/journal-of-cellular-biotechnology/jcb15029 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/JCB-15029 SN - 2352-3697 VL - 2 IS - 2 SP - 85 EP - 91 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Orgas, Steffen T1 - Brücken am Fluss : Abriss über die Geschichte der Anklamer Brücken T2 - Baltische Studien : Pommersche Jahrbücher für Landesgeschichte KW - Anklam KW - Pommern KW - Bautechnik KW - Brücken KW - Bautechnikgeschichte KW - Baugeschichte Y1 - 2018 SN - 0067-3099 VL - N.F., Bd. 103 SP - 24 EP - 56 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoeltgen, Laurent A1 - Peter, Pascal A1 - Breuß, Michael T1 - Clustering-based quantisation for PDE-based image compression T2 - Signal, Image and Video Processing N2 - Optimal known pixel data for inpainting in compression codecs based on partial differential equations is real-valued and thereby expensive to store. Thus, quantisation is required for efficient encoding. In this paper, we interpret the quantisation step as a clustering problem. Due to the global impact of each known pixel and correlations between spatial and tonal data, we investigate the central question, which kind of feature vectors should be used for clustering with popular strategies such as k-means. Our findings show that the number of colours can be reduced significantly without impacting the reconstruction quality. Surprisingly, these benefits are negated by an increased coding cost in compression applications. KW - Laplace interpolation KW - Inpainting KW - Compression KW - Quantisation KW - Clustering KW - Partial differential equations Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11760-017-1173-9 SN - 1863-1703 SN - 1863-1711 VL - 12 IS - 3 SP - 411 EP - 419 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoeltgen, Laurent A1 - Breuß, Michael A1 - Herold, Gert A1 - Sarradj, Ennes T1 - Sparse ℓ1 regularisation of matrix valued models for acoustic source characterisation T2 - Optimization and Engineering N2 - We present a strategy for the recovery of a sparse solution of a common problem in acoustic engineering, which is the reconstruction of sound source levels and locations applying microphone array measurements. The considered task bears similarities to the basis pursuit formalism but also relies on additional model assumptions that are challenging from a mathematical point of view. Our approach reformulates the original task as a convex optimisation model. The sought solution shall be a matrix with a certain desired structure. We enforce this structure through additional constraints. By combining popular splitting algorithms and matrix differential theory in a novel framework we obtain a numerically efficient strategy. Besides a thorough theoretical consideration we also provide an experimental setup that certifies the usability of our strategy. Finally, we also address practical issues, such as the handling of inaccuracies in the measurement and corruption of the given data. We provide a post processing step that is capable of yielding an almost perfect solution in such circumstances. KW - Convex optimisation KW - Sparse recovery KW - Split Bregman KW - Microphone array KW - Matrix differentiation KW - Acoustic source characterisation Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11081-017-9357-2 SN - 1389-4420 SN - 1573-2924 VL - 19 IS - 1 SP - 39 EP - 70 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Scheele, Alexandra A1 - Lepperhoff, Julia T1 - Ein- und Ausschlüsse durch Arbeits- und Sozialpolitik: das Normalarbeitsverhältnis als vergeschlechtlichtes Macht und Herrschaftsverhältnis T2 - Femina Politica Y1 - 2017 SN - 1433-6359 VL - 26 IS - 1 SP - 88 EP - 102 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Heiner, Monika A1 - Deussen, Peter H. A1 - Spranger, Jochen T1 - A Case Study in Design and Verification of Manufacturing Systems with Hierarchical Petri Nets T2 - The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology Y1 - 1999 UR - http://www-dssz.informatik.tu-cottbus.de/publications/papers/1999_heiner_deussen_spranger_journalAMT_productionCell.pdf SN - 1433-3015 SN - 0268-3768 VL - 15 IS - 2 SP - 139 EP - 152 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kober, Markus A1 - Kühhorn, Arnold T1 - Stable implicit time-integration of flexible rotating structures—explanation for instabilities and concepts for avoidance T2 - Applied Mathematical Modelling N2 - Instabilities occurring during the implicit time-integration are still handicapping a time-efficient solution of large FEM systems of equations. Especially the simulation of flexible rotating structures is barely mastered by implicit FEM codes. For this, the Newmark algorithm and related algorithms are used for many years. Here, we derive the reasons for the mentioned inevitable numerical issues and present concepts that lead to an efficient and stable solution. KW - Nonlinear implicit time-integration KW - Instability KW - Newmark KW - Rotating structures Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2018.03.017 SN - 0307-904X VL - 60 SP - 235 EP - 243 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tinello, Daniel A1 - Winkler, Herwig A1 - Drack, Manfred A1 - Gebeshuber, Ille A1 - Bevanda-Rauch, Danijela T1 - Bio-inspirierte Fabriklayouts, Natur-Modell für einen effizienten Materialfluss T2 - Hebezeuge, Fördermittel : technische Logistik Y1 - 2018 UR - http://www.hebezeuge-foerdermittel.de/sites/default/files/Fachartikel/PDF/HF_2018_03_Bio-inspirierte-Fabriklayouts.pdf SN - 0017-9442 IS - 3 SP - 34 EP - 36 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Elegbede, Isa Olalekan A1 - Matemilola, Saheed A1 - Kies, Fatima A1 - Fadeyi, Oluwaseun A1 - Saba, Abdulwakil A1 - De Los Rios, Patricio A1 - Adekunbi, Falilu A1 - Lawal-Are, Aderonke A1 - Fashina-Bombata, Hakeem T1 - Risk analysis and development of algae biofuel from aquatic and terrestrial systems T2 - Energy Procedia Y1 - 2017 SN - 1876-6102 VL - 128 SP - 324 EP - 331 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zanoun, El-Sayed A1 - Öngüner, Emir A1 - Shahirpour, Amir A1 - Merbold, Sebastian A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Spectral Analysis of Large Scale Structures in Fully Developed Turbulent Pipe Flow T2 - Proceedings in applied mathematics and mechanics : PAMM Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.201710293 SN - 1617-7061 N1 - Special Issue: 88th Annual Meeting of the International Association of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics (GAMM), Weimar 2017; Editors: C. Könke, Weimar, and C. Trunk, Ilmenau VL - 17 IS - 1 SP - 647 EP - 650 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Amelina, Anna A1 - Horvath, Kenneth A1 - Peters, Karin T1 - Re-thinking the politics of migration : on the uses and challenges of regime perspectives for migration research T2 - Migration Studies Y1 - 2017 SN - 2049-5846 SN - 2049-5838 VL - 5 IS - 3 SP - 301 EP - 314 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Amelina, Anna A1 - Barglowski, Karolina A1 - Bilecen, Başak T1 - Coming Out within Transnational Families: Intimate Confessions under Western Eyes T2 - Social identities : journal for the study of race, nation and culture Y1 - 2017 SN - 1363-0296 SN - 1350-4630 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Garain, Samiran A1 - Sen, Shrabanee A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Mandal, Dipankar T1 - Enhancement of Electroactive β-phase and Superior Dielectric Properties in Cerium Based Poly(vinylidene fluoride) Composite Films T2 - Materials Today: proceedings N2 - In this work we report on the preparation of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) films with various mass fractions (wt%) of hydrated rare earth metal salt [(NH4)4Ce(SO4)4.2H2O] (CAS) and its electroactive phase (β- and γ-phase) formation. It was found that CAS can yield high amount of electroactive phases in PVDF. Compared to the neat PVDF film, a significantly increment of dielectric constant (ε ∼ 41) and a low loss factor (tan δ ∼ 0.8) were observed in the PVDF-CAS composite films. Thus the PVDF-CAS composite films with high electroactive phase and superior dielectric properties may meet the requirements of next generation electronic components. KW - PVDF KW - High amount of electroactive phase KW - Superior dielectric properties Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2017.11.003 SN - 2214-7853 VL - 5 IS - 3 part 3 SP - 10084 EP - 10090 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ullrich, René A1 - Poraj-Kobielska, Marzena A1 - Scholze, Steffi A1 - Halbout, Claire A1 - Sandvoss, Martin A1 - Pecyna, Marek J. A1 - Scheibner, Katrin A1 - Hofrichter, Martin T1 - Side chain removal from corticosteroids by unspecific peroxygenase T2 - Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry N2 - Two unspecific peroxygenases (UPO, EC 1.11.2.1) from the basidiomycetous fungi Marasmius rotula and Marasmius wettsteinii oxidized steroids with hydroxyacetyl and hydroxyl functionalities at C17 - such as cortisone, Reichstein's substance S and prednisone - via stepwise oxygenation and final fission of the side chain. The sequential oxidation started with the hydroxylation of the terminal carbon (C21) leading to a stable geminal alcohol (e.g. cortisone 21-gem-diol) and proceeded via a second oxygenation resulting in the corresponding α-ketocarboxylic acid (e.g. cortisone 21-oic acid). The latter decomposed under formation of adrenosterone (4-androstene-3,11,17-trione) as well as formic acid and carbonic acid (that is in equilibrium with carbon dioxide); fission products comprising two carbon atoms such as glycolic acid or glyoxylic acid were not detected. Protein models based on the crystal structure data of MroUPO (Marasmius rotula unspecific peroxygenase) revealed that the bulky cortisone molecule suitably fits into the enzyme's access channel, which enables the heme iron to come in close contact to the carbons (C21, C20) of the steroidal side chain. ICP-MS analysis of purified MroUPO confirmed the presence of magnesium supposedly stabilizing the porphyrin ring system. KW - Peroxygenation KW - Peroxygenase KW - P450 KW - Deacylation Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2018.03.011 SN - 1873-3344 SN - 0162-0134 VL - 183 SP - 84 EP - 93 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwarz, Stephan A1 - Sabatier-Schwarz, Ingrid T1 - Self-organised urban space without profit: Four Examples in Berlin T2 - PlaNext - Spatial Governance: Bridging Theory and Practice N2 - The following article explores the interdependency between urban crisis as a pre-condition for self-organised responses to it and self-organised projects that try to provide solutions for problems caused by the respective crisis. Berlin is taken as specific field of investigation as self-organisation is very much linked to its recent history and it therefore seems to be a very relevant case for this topic. The example of the International Building Exhibition 1984/1987 in Berlin (IBA 84/87) is studied as a historic reference to provide a framework for comparing more recent processes with a long-term experience since the late 1980’. Four recent examples of self-organised projects that aim to provide spaces without profit are presented with the focus on their creation processes. The article further explores the specific relationship between Berlins’ actual housing crisis and various forms of self-organised reactions to it. Finally, the research tries to explore possible impacts these projects might have on formal local planning structures in a long-term perspective. KW - Berlin KW - Production of space KW - Self-organisation KW - Real estate KW - Housing Y1 - 2017 UR - http://journals.aesop-planning.eu/volume-5/article-36/ U6 - https://doi.org/10.24306/plnxt.2017.05.006 SN - 2468-0648 VL - 5 SP - 78 EP - 90 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kammerer, Sarah A1 - Jahn, Stephan Wenzel A1 - Winter, Elke A1 - Eidenhammer, Sylvia A1 - Rezania, Simin A1 - Regitnig, Peter A1 - Pichler, Martin A1 - Schreibmayer, Wolfgang A1 - Bauernhofer, Thomas T1 - Critical evaluation of KCNJ3 gene product detection in human breast cancer: MRNA in situ hybridisation is superior to immunohistochemistry T2 - Journal of Clinical Pathology N2 - Increased expression levels of KCNJ3 have been correlated with lymph node metastases and poor prognosis in patients with breast cancer, suggesting a prognostic role of KCNJ3. We aimed to establish protocols for the detection of KCNJ3 in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) breast cancer tissue. Several antibodies were tested for sensitivity and specificity by western blot, followed by optimisation of the immunohistochemistry (IHC) procedure and establishment of KCNJ3 mRNA in situ hybridisation (ISH). Methods were validated by processing 15 FFPE breast cancer samples for which microarray data were available. Spearman's rank correlation analysis resulted in borderline significant correlation for IHC versus ISH (rS: 0.625; p<0.05) and IHC versus microarray (rS: 0.668; p<0.01), but in significant correlation for ISH versus microarray (rS: 0.861; p<0.001). The ISH method was superior to IHC, regarding robustness, sensitivity and specificity and will aid to further study expression levels of KCNJ3 in both malignant and physiological conditions. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1136/jclinpath-2016-203798 SN - 1472-4146 SN - 0021-9746 VL - 69 IS - 12 SP - 1116 EP - 1121 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rezania, Simin A1 - Kammerer, Sarah A1 - Li, Chouyang A1 - Steinecker-Frohnwieser, Bibiane A1 - Gorischek, Astrid A1 - Devaney, Trevor Thomas Joseph A1 - Verheyen, Sarah A1 - Passegger, Christina A1 - Ghaffari Tabrizi-Wizsy, Nassim A1 - Hackl, Hubert A1 - Platzer, Dieter A1 - Zarnani, A.H. A1 - Malle, Ernst A1 - Jahn, Stephan Wenzel A1 - Bauernhofer, Thomas A1 - Schreibmayer, Wolfgang T1 - Overexpression of KCNJ3 gene splice variants affects vital parameters of the malignant breast cancer cell line MCF-7 in an opposing manner T2 - BMC Cancer N2 - Background Overexpression the KCNJ3, a gene that encodes subunit 1 of G-protein activated inwardly rectifying K+ channel (GIRK1) in the primary tumor has been found to be associated with reduced survival times and increased lymph node metastasis in breast cancer patients. Methods In order to survey possible tumorigenic properties of GIRK1 overexpression, a range of malignant mammary epithelial cells, based on the MCF-7 cell line that permanently overexpress different splice variants of the KCNJ3 gene (GIRK1a, GIRK1c, GIRK1d and as a control, eYFP) were produced. Subsequently, selected cardinal neoplasia associated cellular parameters were assessed and compared. ResultsAdhesion to fibronectin coated surface as well as cell proliferation remained unaffected. Other vital parameters intimately linked to malignancy, i.e. wound healing, chemoinvasion, cellular velocities / motilities and angiogenesis were massively affected by GIRK1 overexpression. Overexpression of different GIRK1 splice variants exerted differential actions. While GIRK1a and GIRK1c overexpression reinforced the affected parameters towards malignancy, overexpression of GIRK1d resulted in the opposite. Single channel recording using the patch clamp technique revealed functional GIRK channels in the plasma membrane of MCF-7 cells albeit at very low frequency. DiscussionWe conclude that GIRK1d acts as a dominant negative constituent of functional GIRK complexes present in the plasma membrane of MCF-7 cells, while overexpression of GIRK1a and GIRK1c augmented their activity. The core component responsible for the cancerogenic action of GIRK1 is apparently presented by a segment comprising aminoacids 235–402, that is present exclusively in GIRK1a and GIRK1c, but not GIRK1d (positions according to GIRK1a primary structure). Conclusions The current study provides insight into the cellular and molecular consequences of KCNJ3 overexpression in breast cancer cells and the mechanism upon clinical outcome in patients suffering from breast cancer. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-016-2664-8 SN - 1471-2407 VL - 16 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kammerer, Sarah A1 - Sokolowski, Armin Andreas A1 - Hackl, Hubert A1 - Platzer, Dieter A1 - Jahn, Stephan Wenzel A1 - El-Heliebi, Amin A1 - Schwarzenbacher, Daniela A1 - Stiegelbauer, Verena A1 - Pichler, Martin A1 - Rezania, Simin A1 - Fiegl, Heidelinde A1 - Peintinger, Florentia A1 - Regitnig, Peter A1 - Höfler, Gerald A1 - Schreibmayer, Wolfgang A1 - Bauernhofer, Thomas T1 - KCNJ3 is a new independent prognostic marker for estrogen receptor positive breast cancer patients T2 - OncoTarget : open access impact journal N2 - Numerous studies showed abnormal expression of ion channels in different cancer types. Amongst these, the potassium channel gene KCNJ3 (encoding for GIRK1 proteins) has been reported to be upregulated in tumors of patients with breast cancer and to correlate with positive lymph node status. We aimed to study KCNJ3 levels in different breast cancer subtypes using gene expression data from the TCGA, to validate our findings using RNA in situ hybridization in a validation cohort (GEO ID GSE17705), and to study the prognostic value of KCNJ3using survival analysis. In a total of > 1000 breast cancer patients of two independent data sets we showed a) that KCNJ3 expression is upregulated in tumor tissue compared to corresponding normal tissue (p < 0.001), b) that KCNJ3 expression is associated with estrogen receptor (ER) positive tumors (p < 0.001), but that KCNJ3 expression is variable within this group, and c) that ER positive patients with high KCNJ3 levels have worse overall (p < 0.05) and disease free survival probabilities (p < 0.01), whereby KCNJ3 is an independent prognostic factor (p <0.05). In conclusion, our data suggest that patients with ER positive breast cancer might be stratified into high risk and low risk groups based on the KCNJ3 levels in the tumor. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.13224 VL - 7 IS - 51 SP - 84705 EP - 84717 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Verbrugge, Sue Ellen A1 - Al, Marjon A1 - Assaraf, Yehuda G. A1 - Kammerer, Sarah A1 - Chandrupatla, Durga A1 - Honeywell, Richard A1 - Musters, Rene A1 - Giovannetti, Elisa A1 - O`Toole, Tom A1 - Scheffer, George L. A1 - Krige, David A1 - Gruijl, Tanja de A1 - Niessen, Hans W.M. A1 - Lems, Willem F. A1 - Kramer, Pieternella A. A1 - Scheper, Rik J. A1 - Cloos, Jacqueline A1 - Ossenkoppele, Gert A1 - Peters, Godefridus J. A1 - Jansen, Gerrit T1 - Multifactorial resistance to aminopeptidase inhibitor prodrug CHR2863 in myeloid leukemia cells: Down-regulation of carboxylesterase 1, drug sequestration in lipid droplets and pro-survival activation ERK/Akt/mTOR T2 - OncoTarget : open access impact journal N2 - Aminopeptidase inhibitors are receiving attention as combination chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of refractory acute myeloid leukemia. However, the factors determining therapeutic efficacy remain elusive. Here we identified the molecular basis of acquired resistance to CHR2863, an orally available hydrophobic aminopeptidase inhibitor prodrug with an esterase-sensitive motif, in myeloid leukemia cells. CHR2863 enters cells by diffusion and is retained therein upon esterase activity-mediated conversion to its hydrophilic active metabolite drug CHR6768, thereby exerting amino acid depletion. Carboxylesterases (CES) serve as candidate prodrug activating enzymes given CES1 expression in acute myeloid leukemia specimens. We established two novel myeloid leukemia sublines U937/CHR2863(200) and U937/CHR2863(5uM), with low (14-fold) and high level (270-fold) CHR2863 resistance. The latter drug resistant cells displayed: (i) complete loss of CES1-mediated drug activation associated with down-regulation of CES1 mRNA and protein, (ii) marked retention/sequestration of the prodrug, (iii) a substantial increase in intracellular lipid droplets, and (iv) a dominant activation of the pro-survival Akt/mTOR pathway. Remarkably, the latter feature coincided with a gain of sensitivity to the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin. These finding delineate the molecular basis of CHR2863 resistance and offer a novel modality to overcome this drug resistance in myeloid leukemia cells. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.6169 SN - 1949-2553 VL - 7 IS - 5 SP - 5240 EP - 5257 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Li, Chouyang A1 - Rezania, Simin A1 - Kammerer, Sarah A1 - Sokolowski, Armin Andreas A1 - Devaney, Trevor Thomas Joseph A1 - Gorischek, Astrid A1 - Jahn, Stephan Wenzel A1 - Hackl, Hubert A1 - Groschner, Klaus A1 - Windpassinger, Christian A1 - Malle, Ernst A1 - Bauernhofer, Thomas A1 - Schreibmayer, Wolfgang T1 - Piezo1 forms mechanosensitive ion channels in the human MCF-7 breast cancer cell line T2 - Scientific Reports N2 - Mechanical interaction between cells - specifically distortion of tensional homeostasis-emerged as an important aspect of breast cancer genesis and progression. We investigated the biophysical characteristics of mechanosensitive ion channels (MSCs) in the malignant MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. MSCs turned out to be the most abundant ion channel species and could be activated by negative pressure at the outer side of the cell membrane in a saturable manner. Assessing single channel conductance (GΛ) for different monovalent cations revealed an increase in the succession: Li⁺ < Na⁺ < K⁺ ≈Rb⁺ ≈ Cs⁺. Divalent cations permeated also with the order: Ca²⁺ < Ba²⁺. Comparison of biophysical properties enabled us to identify MSCs in MCF-7 as ion channels formed by the Piezo1 protein. Using patch clamp technique no functional MSCs were observed in the benign MCF-10A mammary epithelial cell line. Blocking of MSCs by GsMTx-4 resulted in decreased motility of MCF-7, but not of MCF-10A cells, underscoring a possible role of Piezo1 in invasion and metastatic propagation. The role of Piezo1 in biology and progression of breast cancer is further substantiated by markedly reduced overall survival in patients with increased Piezo1 mRNA levels in the primary tumor. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/srep08364 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dragan, Feodor F. A1 - Köhler, Ekkehard A1 - Alrasheed, Hend T1 - Eccentricity approximating trees T2 - Discrete Applied Mathematics Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dam.2017.07.017 SN - 0166-218X VL - 232 SP - 142 EP - 156 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Aleksin, Yury A1 - Vora, Alpesh Laxman A1 - Riebel, Ulrich T1 - A new understanding of electric conduction in highly resistive dusts and bulk powders T2 - Powder Technology N2 - A new understanding of electric conduction in highly resistive dusts and bulk powders. KW - Dust resistivity KW - Electrets KW - Electrostatic precipitator KW - Highly resistive dusts KW - Back corona KW - Space charge Y1 - 2016 SN - 0032-5910 VL - 294 SP - 353 EP - 364 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stein, Oliver A1 - Bröckel, Ulrich A1 - Riebel, Ulrich A1 - Hansen, Herbert T1 - Herstellung von Mikropartikeln durch Hochdruckverdüsung T2 - Chemie Ingenieur Technik N2 - Herstellung von Mikropartikeln durch Hochdruckverdüsung KW - Mikropartikel KW - Hochdruckverdüsung Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cite.201600135 SN - 1522-2640 SN - 0009-286X VL - 89 IS - 8 SP - 1092 EP - 1096 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fragner, Moritz M. A1 - Schmidt, Heiko T1 - Investigating Asymptotic Suction Boundary Layers using a One-Dimensional Stochastic Turbulence Model T2 - Journal of turbulence N2 - The turbulent asymptotic suction boundary layer is studied using a one-dimensional turbulence (ODT) model. ODT is a fully resolved, unsteady stochastic simulation technique. While flow properties reside on a one-dimensional domain, turbulent advection is represented using mapping events whose occurrences are governed by a random process. Due to its reduced spatial dimensionality, ODT achieves major cost reductions compared to three-dimensional (3D) simulations. A comparison to recent direct numerical simulation (DNS) data at moderate Reynolds number (Re = u∞/v0 = 333, where u∞ and v0 are the free stream and suction velocity, respectively) suggests that theODT model is capable of reproducing several velocity statistics, i.e.mean velocity and turbulent kinetic energy budgets, while peak turbulent stresses are under-estimated by ODT. Variation of the Reynolds number in the range Re ∈ [333, 400, 500, 1000] shows that ODT can reproduce various trends observed as a result of increased suction in turbulent asymptotic suction boundary layers, i.e. the reduction of Reynolds stresses and enhanced skin friction. While up to Re = 500 our results can be directly compared to recent LES data, the simulation at Re = 1000 is currently not feasible through full 3D simulations, hence ODTmay assist the design of future DNS or LES simulations at larger Reynolds numbers. Y1 - 2017 SN - 1468-5248 VL - 18 IS - 10 SP - 899 EP - 928 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Movaghar, Amirreza A1 - Linne, Mark A1 - Oevermann, Michael A1 - Meiselbach, Falko T. A1 - Schmidt, Heiko A1 - Kerstein, Alan R. T1 - Numerical investigation of turbulent-jet primary breakup using One-Dimensional Turbulence T2 - International Journal of Multiphase Flow N2 - Primary breakup to form droplets at liquid surfaces is an important fundamental process to study as it determines the initial properties of the dispersed phase, which affect mixing rates, secondary breakup, droplet collisions, and flow separation within the dispersed flow region. Primary breakup can be regarded as one of the least developed model components for simulating and predicting liquid jet breakup. How- ever, it is of paramount importance in many technical applications, e.g. fuel injection in engines and spray painting. This paper presents a numerical investigation of primary breakup of a turbulent liquid jet in still air at standard conditions using the one-dimensional turbulence (ODT) modeling framework. ODT is a stochastic model that simulates turbulent flow evolution along a notional 1D line of sight by applying instantaneous maps to represent the effect of individual turbulent eddies on property profiles. An important feature of ODT is the resolution of all relevant scales, both temporal and spatial. The restriction to one spatial dimension in ODT permits affordable high resolution of interfacial and single-phase property gradients, which is key to capturing the local behavior of the breakup process and allows simulations at high Reynolds and Weber numbers that are currently not accessible to direct numerical simulations (DNS). This paper summarizes our extensions of the ODT model to simulate geometrically simple jet breakup problems, including representations of Rayleigh wave breakup, turbulent breakup, and shear-driven breakup. Each jet breakup simulation consists of a short temporal channel section to initialize a turbulent velocity profile at the nozzle exit followed by an adjacent jet section. The simulations are carried out for jet exit Reynolds number of 11,500, 23,000, 46,000 and 92,000 while the Weber number is varied within the range 102–107. We present results on breakup statistics including spatial locations of droplet release, droplet sizes and liquid core length. The results on primary breakup are compared to experimental results and models. Y1 - 2017 SN - 1879-3533 VL - 89 SP - 241 EP - 254 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Heiko A1 - Mellado, Juan Pedro A1 - Stevens, Bjorn T1 - Wind Shear and Buoyancy Reversal at the Top of Stratocumulus T2 - Journal of the atmospheric sciences N2 - A numerical experiment is designed to study the interaction at the stratocumulus top between a mean vertical shear and the buoyancy reversal due to evaporative cooling, without radiative cooling. Direct numerical simulation is used to eliminate the uncertainty introduced by turbulence models. It is found that the enhancement by shear-induced mixing of the turbulence caused by buoyancy reversal can render buoyancy reversal comparable to other forcing mechanisms. However, it is also found that (i) the velocity jump across the capping inversion Du needs to be relatively large and values of about 1ms21 that are typically associated with the convective motions inside the boundary layer are generally too small and (ii) there is no indication of cloud-top entrainment instability. To obtain these results, parameterizations of the mean entrainment velocity and the relevant time scales are derived from the study of the cloud-top vertical structure. Two overlapping layers can be identified: a background shear layer with a thickness (1/3)(Du)2/Db, where Db is the buoyancy increment across the capping inversion and a turbulence layer dominated by free convection inside the cloud and by shear production inside the relatively thin overlap region. As turbulence intensifies, the turbulence layer encroaches into the background shear layer and defines thereby the entrainment velocity. Particularized to the first research flight of the Second Dynamics andChemistry of theMarine Stratocumulus (DYCOMS II) field campaign, the analysis predicts an entrainment velocity of about 3mms21 after 5–10 min—a velocity comparable to the measurements and thus indicative of the relevance of mean shear in that case. Y1 - 2014 SN - 1520-0469 SN - 0022-4928 VL - 71 IS - 3 SP - 1040 EP - 1057 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Garifullin, Marsel A1 - Launert, Benjamin A1 - Heinisuo, Markku A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Mela, Kristo A1 - Pajunen, Sami T1 - Effect of welding residual stresses on local behavior of rectangular hollow section joints. Part 1 - Development of numerical model T1 - Einfluss der Schweißeigenspannungen auf die Tragfähigkeit von Rechteck-Hohlprofil-Knoten. Teil 1: Entwicklung eines numerischen Modells) T2 - Bauingenieur N2 - Welded tubular joints are widely used in structural engineering due to their excellent resistance and stiffness in contrast to open sections, as well as simpler end preparation. Welding residual stresses that occur in these joints after the welding process can affect their structural behavior. Some recent experimental studies have shown that this effect can be considerable. This study numerically evaluates the influence of welding residual stresses on the behavior of rectangular hollow section T joints. The paper consists of two parts. Part I develops and validates a finite element model for the joints directly taking into account welding residual stresses by means of an upstream thermomechanical simulation of the welding process. It is proven that particular attention needs to be paid to the discretization of the model, the material properties and the adequate description of the weld heat input. The validation with experimental results shows that the developed numerical model properly captures the local structural behavior of tubular joints and can be efficiently used for further investigations. Part II employs the constructed model to investigate the effect of welding residual stresses on the resistance and initial stiffness of the considered joints. N2 - Geschweißte Hohlprofilknoten sind aufgrund besserer Festigkeits – und Steifigkeitseigenschaften im Vergleich zu offenen Profilen sowie ihrer einfacheren Fertigung weit verbreitet. Schweißeigenspannungen, die infolge des Fügens der Einzelkomponenten mittels Schweißen entstehen, können deren Tragverhalten zum Teil stark beeinflussen, was auch durch einige neuere Untersuchungen belegt wird. Dieser Beitrag beschreibt eine erweiterte Vorgehensweise für die Finite-Elemente-Modellierung am Beispiel eines T-Knotens aus Rechteckhohlprofilen. Der Beitrag gliedert sich in zwei Teile. Teil 1 beinhaltet die Entwicklung und Validierung eines numerischen Modells, welches Schweißeinflüsse durch eine vorangehende thermomechanische Simulation explizit modelliert und diese in nachfolgende Berechnungsschritte einbezieht. Dabei werden die Bedeutung einer geeigneten Vernetzung des Modells, der Materialeigenschaften und eines zutreffenden Schweißwärmeeintrags diskutiert. Die Validierung mit experimentellen Ergebnissen zeigt die Eignung des entwickelten numerischen Modells und dass dieses das lokale Tragverhalten entsprechender Knotenverbindungen korrekt erfasst. Es kann daher für nachfolgende Untersuchungen weiterverwendet werden. Teil 2 zeigt die diesbezüglich durchgeführten Parameterstudien, um die Auswirkungen der Schweißeigenspannungen auf die Tragfähigkeit und die Anfangssteifigkeit der untersuchten Knotenverbindung darzustellen. KW - Einfluss der Eigenspannungen auf Verbindungen Y1 - 2018 UR - https://www.bauingenieur.de/bauing/article.php?data[article_id]=89266 SN - 1436-4867 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 93 IS - 4 SP - 152 EP - 159 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Selvam, Kamal A1 - Öngüner, Emir A1 - Peixinho, Jorge A1 - Zanoun, El-Sayed A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Wall pressure in developing turbulent pipe flows T2 - Journal of Fluids Engineering Y1 - 2018 SN - 1528-901X SN - 0098-2202 VL - 140 IS - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schröter, Sandra A1 - Schnitzlein, Klaus T1 - Enzymatic hydrolysis of rapeseed oil by thermomyces lanuginosus lipase: variation of continuous and dispersed phase in a slug flow reactor T2 - Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology N2 - This paper takes a look on the effects of mass transport limitation occurring in hydrolysis of rape seed oil by means of an interfacial activated lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosus. In order to carry out investigations for process optimization, the slug flow reactor was chosen in which a large interfacial area can be generated and the mass transport can be investigated individually for each phase. The choice of the capillary material determines the dispersed and the continuous phase. As shown by computational fluid dynamics simulation, the continuous phase is well mixed due to wall effects. The mixing patterns in the dispersed phase differ due to viscous forces between the phases. It was found that, at the same fluid velocities, the conversion in the glass capillary is higher than in the PTFE capillary. The surface-specific hydrolysis rate is used for comparison purposes, since the properties of the capillary are different. Increasing the velocity, the hydrolysis rate can be considerably increased in comparison to stagnant conditions. Already at a fluid velocity of 1 mm s−1, the hydrolysis rates increased to 2.3-fold in the glass capillary and moreover by a factor of 4 in the PTFE capillary. KW - Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase KW - Rapeseed oil KW - Mass transport CFD simulation KW - Liquid-liquid segmented capillary flow Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-018-8902-z SN - 1432-0614 VL - 102 IS - 11 SP - 4799 EP - 4806 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Burkhard A1 - Hartmann, Carsten T1 - WavePacket: A Matlab package for numerical quantum dynamics.II : Open quantum systems, optimal control, and model reduction T2 - Computer Physics Communications Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpc.2018.02.022 SN - 0010-4655 VL - 228 SP - 229 EP - 244 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Delle Site, Luigi A1 - Ciccotti, Giovanni A1 - Hartmann, Carsten T1 - Partitioning a macroscopic system into independent subsystems T2 - Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-5468/aa75db SN - 1742-5468 VL - August ER - TY - GEN A1 - Donati, Lorenzo A1 - Hartmann, Carsten A1 - Keller, Bettina G. T1 - Girsanov reweighting for path ensembles and Markov state models T2 - The Journal of Chemical Physics Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4989474 SN - 1089-7690 VL - 146 IS - 124 SP - 244112-1 EP - 244112-15 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Partov, Doncho A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Petkov, Milen A1 - Nikolov, Radoslav A1 - Dimitrova, Antoaneta T1 - About the history of orthotropic bridge decks T2 - Annual of the University of Architecture, Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Sofia N2 - Тhe development of steel bridges after the WWII is characterized by new constructive forms like: steel roadway closed sections, new static systems considering the roadway as a plate rather than a beam grid, new computational methods covering rod statics and statics of continuum, and determining the internal forces of the roadway as internal forces of an orthotropic plate. Moreover, the main girders, the roadway and the horizontal links connect statically and constructively in a whole monolithic structure. Thus, the construction follows better the real distribution of internal forces in steel structure. Loading possibility of high-quality steel material is well used, by which the economic effect of the construction increases significantly compared to the riveted old bridges. The application of this theory in Bulgaria in the period 1976 – 1992 allowed the Bulgarian bridge construction to build several unique by their size steel road bridges of steel orthotropic decks. Y1 - 2018 SN - 1310-814X VL - 51 IS - 4 SP - 295 EP - 311 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pototsky, Andrey A1 - Bestehorn, Michael T1 - Shaping liquid drops by vibration T2 - epl : a letters journal exploring the frontiers of physics N2 - We present and analyze a minimal hydrodynamic model of a vertically vibrated liquid drop that undergoes dynamic shape transformations. In agreement with experiments, a circular lens-shaped drop is unstable above a critical vibration amplitude, spontaneously elongating in the horizontal direction. Smaller drops elongate into localized states that oscillate with half of the vibration frequency. Larger drops evolve by transforming into a snake-like structure with gradually increasing length. The worm state is long-lasting with a potential to fragment into smaller drops. KW - Thin Films KW - Drop formation Y1 - 2018 UR - http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1209/0295-5075/121/46001#epl19033s1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/121/46001 SN - 1286-4854 SN - 0302-072X VL - 121 IS - 4 SP - 46001-p1 EP - 46001-p6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kotlarski, Sven A1 - Szabo, Peter A1 - Herrera, Sixto A1 - Räty, Olle A1 - Keuler, Klaus A1 - Soares, Pedro A1 - Cardoso, Rita M. A1 - Bosshard, Thomas A1 - Pagé, Christian A1 - Boberg, Fredrik A1 - Gutiérrez, José A1 - Isotta, Francesco A1 - Jaczewski, Adam A1 - Kreienkamp, Frank A1 - Liniger, Mark A1 - Lussana, Cristian A1 - Pianko‐Kluczyńska, Krystyna T1 - Observational uncertainty and regional climate model evaluation: A pan-European perspective T2 - International journal of climatology Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.5249 SN - 1097-0088 SN - 0196-1748 VL - 39 IS - 9 SP - 3730 EP - 3749 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hübener, Heike A1 - Hoffmann, Peter A1 - Keuler, Klaus A1 - Pfeifer, Susanne A1 - Ramthun, Hans A1 - Spekat, Arne A1 - Steger, Christian A1 - Warrach-Sagi, Kirsten T1 - Deriving user-informed climate information from climate model ensemble results T2 - Advances in Science and Research Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/asr-14-261-2017 SN - 1992-0628 SN - 1992-0636 VL - 14 SP - 261 EP - 269 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lugert, Andreas A1 - Batz, Aglaya A1 - Winkler, Herwig T1 - Empirical assessment of the future adequacy of value stream mapping in manufacturing industries T2 - Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management Y1 - 2018 UR - https://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/abs/10.1108/JMTM-11-2017-0236 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1108/JMTM-11-2017-0236 SN - 1741-038X VL - 29 IS - 5 SP - 886 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Netzer, Corinna A1 - Franken, Tim A1 - Lehtiniemi, Harry A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Seidel, Lars T1 - Numerical Analysis of the Impact of Water Injection on Combustion and Thermodynamics in a Gasoline Engine using Detailed Chemistry T2 - SAE technical papers Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4271/2018-01-0200 SN - 0148-7191 SN - 0096-5170 IS - 2018-01-0200 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Matemilola, Saheed A1 - Elegbede, Isa Olalekan T1 - Transparency: A Tool for Effective Environmental Governance in Nigeria T2 - OALib journal Y1 - 2017 UR - https://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=81261 SN - 2333-9705 SN - 2333-9721 VL - 4 IS - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Matemilola, Saheed A1 - Elegbede, Isa Olalekan T1 - The challenges of food security in Nigeria T2 - OALib journal Y1 - 2017 UR - http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?paperID=81175 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1104185 SN - 2333-9705 SN - 2333-9721 VL - 4 IS - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rohr, Christian T1 - Discrete-Time Leap Method For Stochastic Simulation T2 - Fundamenta Informaticae Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/FI-2018-1680 SN - 1875-8681 SN - 0169-2968 VL - 160 IS - 1-2 SP - 181 EP - 198 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Garifullin, Marsel A1 - Launert, Benjamin A1 - Heinisuo, Markku A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Mela, Kristo A1 - Pajunen, Sami T1 - Effect of welding residual stresses on local behavior of rectangular hollow section joints. Part 2 – Parametric studies T1 - Einfluss der Schweißeigenspannungen auf die Tragfähigkeit von Rechteck-Hohlprofil-Knoten. Teil 2 – Parameterstudien T2 - Bauingenieur N2 - Welding residual stresses that occur in tubular joints after the welding process affect their structural behavior. To ensure that these stresses do not negatively act on the load-bearing capacity of joints, their influence should be carefully investigated. This paper represents the second part of a study that numerically evaluates the structural behavior of rectangular hollow section T joints taking into account welding residual stresses. The finite element model developed in Part 1 is now used to evaluate their effect on the resistance and initial stiffness of tubular joints. The conducted parametric analyses show that welding residual stresses have a positive influence of 1–19 % on the plastic resistance of tubular joints and insignificantly reduce their initial stiffness. At the same time, the behavior of the considered joints is found not to depend on the welding sequence. N2 - Schweißeigenspannungen können das Tragverhalten geschweißter Hohlprofilknoten zum Teil stark beeinflussen. Um mögliche negative Einflüsse auf die Tragfähigkeit auszuschließen, sollte der Eigenspannungseinfluss mitberücksichtigt werden. Dieser Beitrag bildet den zweiten Teil einer numerischen Untersuchung an geschweißten Rechteck-Hohlprofil-Knoten unter Berücksichtigung der vorgenannten Spannungen. Darin werden in Teil 1 entwickelten Modelle dazu verwendet, deren Auswirkungen auf die Tragfähigkeit und die Anfangssteifigkeit der Knotenverbindung darzustellen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen im untersuchten Parameterfeld eine Traglaststeigerung zwischen 1 % und 19 %. Die Anfangssteifigkeit wird generell nur geringfügig reduziert. Gleichzeitig wird gezeigt, dass die Schweißreihenfolge in den untersuchten Fällen keinen nennenswerten Einfluss auf die Tragfähigkeit ausübt. Y1 - 2018 UR - https://www.bauingenieur.de/bauing/article.php?data[article_id]=89481 SN - 1436-4867 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 93 IS - 5 SP - 207 EP - 213 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kondrat’ev, Sergey A1 - Morozova, Iuliia A1 - Golubev, Iurii A1 - Hantelmann, Cord A1 - Naumov, Alexander A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Welds of Al – Mg – Si Alloys After Different Modes of Impulse Friction Stir Welding T2 - Metal Science and Heat Treatment N2 - Welded joints of aluminum alloy 6082-T6 formed by the method of impulse friction stir welding are studied. The effect of the power and frequency of the pulses on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the welded joints is determined. Application of an additional pulse during the welding affects the surface quality and the shape of the weld, the distribution of the oxide layer and of particles of the hardening phase, and the grain size in the zone of dynamic recrystallization. KW - impulse friction stir welding KW - power and frequency of pulses KW - microstructure KW - mechanical properties KW - Al – Mg – Si alloy Y1 - 2018 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11041-018-0213-6 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11041-018-0213-6 SN - 0026-0673 VL - 59 IS - 11-12 SP - 697 EP - 702 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berg, Heinz Peter A1 - Himmelberg, Axel A1 - Lehmann, Mario A1 - Dückershoff, Roland A1 - Neumann, Mathias T1 - The Turbo-Fuel-Cell 1.0 – family concept - Compact Micro Gas Turbine (MGT) – Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) energy converters in the 100 - 500 kW electrical power range for the future T2 - IOP conference series : Materials Science and Engineering N2 - The “Turbo-Fuel-Cell-Technology” has been described as a MGT-SOFC hybrid system consisting of a recuperated micro gas turbine (MGT) process with an embedded solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) subsystem. SOFC stacks are connected to “SOFC stack grapes” and are equipped with the so called HEXAR-Module. This module is composed of a high-temperature heat exchanger (HEX), an afterburner (A) and a steam reformer (R). The MGT-concept is based on a generator driven directly by the turbomachine and a recuperator, which returns the exhaust heat to the pressurized compressor outlet air. This provides the necessary base for a highly effective, pure MGT process and the “MGT-SOFC-high-efficiency process”. This paper describes the concept and the thermodynamic background of a highly effective and compact design of the “Turbo-Fuel-Cell 1.0-Family” in the electrical performance class from 100 to 500kW. The technological state of the system is shown and a rating of the system with comparative parameters is discussed. It becomes visible that all necessary basic technologies should be available and that the technology (for stationary applications) can have the “entry into services (E.I.S.)” in the next 10 years. The MGT-SOFC performance map under different operation conditions is discussed. This article also provides an overview of the research on MGT-SOFC-Systems and the scenario of an energy supply network and a mobile energy conversion of the future introduction. KW - MGT-SOFC KW - Brennstoffzellen KW - Mikrogasturbinen KW - Hybrid Y1 - 2018 UR - http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/297/1/012004 U6 - https://doi.org/doi:10.1088/1757-899X/297/1/012004 SN - 1757-899X VL - 297 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Antoshkiv, Oleksiy A1 - Poojitganont, Thanapol A1 - Jeansirisomboon, Settapak A1 - Berg, Heinz Peter T1 - Ignition improvement by injector arrangement in a multi-fuel combustor for micro gas turbine T2 - IOP conference series : Materials Science and Engineering N2 - The novel combustor design also has an impact on the ignitor arrangement. The conventional ignitor system cannot guarantee optimal ignition performance in the usual radial position. The difficult ignitability of gaseous fuels was the main challenge for the ignitor system improvement. One way to improve the ignition performance significantly is a torch ignitor system in which the gaseous fuel is directly mixed with a large amount of the combustor air. To reach this goal, the ignition process was investigated in detail. The micro gas turbine (MGT) ignition was optimised considering three main procedures: torch ignitor operation, burner ignition and flame propagation between the neighbour injectors. A successful final result of the chain of ignition procedures depends on multiple aspects of the combustor design. Performed development work shows an important step towards designing modern high-efficiency lowemission combustors. KW - Ignition KW - Injector arrangement KW - Multi-fuel KW - Combustor KW - Micro gas turbine Y1 - 2018 UR - http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/297/1/012006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/297/1/012006 SN - 1757-899X VL - 297 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krüger, David A1 - Winkelmann, Ralf T1 - Punktuelles, thermo-mechanisches Fügen von Aluminiumbauteilen unter Berücksichtigung von Barriereschichten T1 - Punctual, thermo-mechanical joining of aluminum components in consideration of barrier layers T2 - WOMAG : Kompetenz in Werkstoff und funktioneller Oberfläche N2 - Die Herstellung von punktuellen Verbindungen an Leichtbauwerkstoffen wie Aluminium und Magnesium mit dem konventionellen Widerstandspunktschweißen führt zu sehr intensiven Reaktionen zwischen dem Elektroden- und dem Substratwerkstoff. Adhäsions- und Diffusionsprozesse bewirken Veränderungen an der Elektrodenoberfläche und beeinflussen die Eigenschaften der Verbindung, sodass bereits nach wenigen Punkten Nacharbeiten an der Elektrode notwendig werden. Die Intensität der Reaktionen ist abhängig von der Polarität der Elektrode, dem Elektrodenwerkstoff, dem zu fügenden Aluminiumwerkstoff, den Fügeparametern und gegebenenfalls von vorgesehenen Barriereschichten. Untersucht wurden die Veränderungen infolge der Verbindungsherstellung an konventionellen Kupfer-Basis-Elektroden sowie die Wirkung von Barriereschichten. Die Nutzung von Barriereschichten erfordert eine Parameteranpassung, die in Vorversuchen durchgeführt wurde. Langzeituntersuchungen bestätigen eine sehr deutliche Erhöhung der Anzahl von Schweißpunkten bei der Existenz von Barriereschichten. Zu begründen ist dies durch die Beeinflussung der Kontaktierung zwischen Elektrode und dem zu fügenden Bauteil. N2 - The production of punctual connections on lightweight materials such as aluminum and magnesium using conventional resistance spot welding leads to very intense reactions between the electrode and the substrate material. Adhesion and diffusion processes cause changes at the electrode surface and influence the properties of the connection, so that a rework of the electrode becomes necessary after just a few points. The intensity of the reactions depends on the polarity of the electrode, the electrode material, the aluminum material to be joined, the joining parameters and, if applicable, the designated barrier layers. Changes due to the production of connections with conventional copper-based electrodes and the effect of barrier layers were examined. The use of barrier layers requires an adjustment of parameters which was conducted in preliminary experiments. Long-term studies confirm a very significant increase of the number of spot welds due to the existence of barrier layers. The reason for that is the influence of the contacting between electrode and the components to be joined. KW - Punktschweißen KW - Aluminium KW - Barriereschichten Y1 - 2018 SN - 2195-5905 VL - 7 IS - S. 5 SP - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Schumann, Maria A1 - Zeeb, Hajo T1 - Utilization of prevention and health promotion among migrants T2 - Public Health Forum N2 - The uptake of existing preventive and health promotion offers by migrants in Germany is rather heterogeneous, and major information gaps are noted. Current results provide limited evidence that migrants and their children seem to use prevention and health promotion services less frequently than non-migrants. In order to improve access to preventive and other health services for migrants, a combination of migrant-specific and migrant-sensitive approaches seems to be useful. KW - accessibility KW - health promotion KW - migration KW - prevention KW - utilization Y1 - 2018 SN - 1876-4851 SN - 0944-5587 VL - 26 IS - 2 SP - 116 EP - 120 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kashkarov, Egor B. A1 - Nikitenkov, Nikolay A1 - Sutygina, Alina A1 - Syrtanov, Maxim S. A1 - Zakharchenko, S. A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei T1 - Influence of Plasma-Immersion Titanium-Ion Implantation on the Kinetics of Hydrogen Penetration into E110 Zirconium Alloy T2 - Journal of Surface Investigation: X-ray, Synchrotron and Neutron Techniques N2 - The influence of plasma-immersion titanium-ion implantation on the hydrogen saturation of E110 zirconium alloy is described. Titanium ions are implanted from the metal plasma of an arc discharge at an accelerating-pulse bias potential of 1.5 kV (the pulse-repetition frequency is 100 kHz, and the pulse length is 5 μs) for 30 min. The phase composition, morphology, and valence state of the alloy surface layer are studied. Comparative analysis of changes in the hardness and wear resistance of the alloy subjected to implantation is performed. It is demonstrated that the rate of hydrogen penetration into the surface-doped alloy decreases substantially at a gas-phase hydrogenation temperature of 400°C. KW - ion implantation KW - zirconium KW - titanium KW - hydrogen sorption KW - wear resistance KW - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Y1 - 2018 UR - https://link.springer.com/journal/11700 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1134/S102745101803031X SN - 1819-7094 VL - 12 IS - 3 SP - 570 EP - 575 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Newiak, Denis T1 - Future Cities of Loneliness: Dysfunctional Urbanities on Filmic Mars T2 - Journal of Language and Communication N2 - This article discusses cinematic Mars fictions with a hermeneutic approach in their relation to the real-world urban challenges encrypted in these art works. Science fiction movies have long created a collective consciousness of specific imaginations of how city life might look and sound like in the future, condensing our real life beyond the cinematic world, our wishes, hopes and fears into works of art. However, almost all ‘earthly’ sceneries are burdened with connotations. That is why so many filmic future narratives are located in the blank vastness of foreign worlds and their temporarily inexhaustible freedom for speculation – in particular on Mars. Against the historic background of the development of Mars fiction as a movie genre, this paper distinguishes three phases of Mars cinema movies and examines the forms and ideas of urbanity thoses films create, the societal and urban issues that are preferred by those cinematic scenarios, and how these filmic future ‘cities’ can be understood as critical comments on current and forthcoming questions of urbanity. Starting from Nietzsche’s thought of post-moral mankind as a ‘lonely’ species, it demonstrates, on the basis of selected examples, such as the film Total Recall (1990), how Mars science fiction movies deal with dysfunctional communities and the resulting loneliness of the urban human of the future. That makes filmic Mars cities aesthetic projections of ‘earthly’ sociopolitical challenges of urbanization that have been dynamicly changing in the course of history since the beginning of 20th century. KW - Science Fiction KW - Film KW - Mars KW - Loneliness Y1 - 2018 UR - http://www.fcsh.unl.pt/rcl/index.php/rcl/article/view/14 SN - 2183-7198 VL - 48 SP - 208 EP - 221 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Michailov, Vesselin A1 - Fritzsche, Sebastian A1 - Hantelmann, Cord A1 - Ossenbrink, Ralf T1 - Aluminium foam sandwiches for lightweight structures T2 - Metal Science and Heat Treatment N2 - The properties of sandwiches with aluminum foam and the special features of their use in lightweight welded structures are determined. The weldability of such sandwiches in foamed and non-foamed conditions is analyzed under friction stir welding, laser beam welding and short arc welding in protective gas. The process and mechanical properties of the welds are studied. The results are generalized in a catalog that may be useful for materials scientists and designers. KW - aluminum KW - aluminum foam KW - welded structures KW - composite materials KW - structure KW - mechanical properties Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11041-018-0238-x SN - 1573-8973 VL - 60 IS - 1-2 SP - 44 EP - 49 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bürger, Patrick A1 - Flores-Alsina, Xavier A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey A1 - Gernaey, Krist V. T1 - Improved Prediction of Phosphorus Dynamics in Biotechnological Processes by Considering Precipitation and Polyphosphate Formation: A Case Study on Antibiotic Production with Streptomyces coelicolor T2 - Industrial & engineering chemistry research N2 - Improved Prediction of Phosphorus Dynamics in Biotechnological Processes by Considering Precipitation and Polyphosphate Formation: A Case Study on Antibiotic Production with Streptomyces coelicolor KW - Polyphosphate KW - Streptomyces coelicolor KW - Antibiotic Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.7b05249 SN - 1520-5045 SN - 0888-5885 VL - 57 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wasilewski, Eric A1 - Wolf, Matthias A1 - Zhang, Wei A1 - Ossenbrink, Ralf A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Cu/LaCrO₃ joining by local melt infiltration through laser cladding T2 - Journal of the American Ceramic Society N2 - Direct bonding of copper and porous LaCrO₃ without an extra filler interlayer was successfully completed using local and fast Cu‐infiltration through laser cladding. This significantly reduced the susceptibility of the ceramic to cracking. A high‐speed camera investigation into the wetting and infiltration behavior of a Cu‐melt into LaCrO₃ with a porosity of ~63 vol% was performed. By adjusting the focal distance with a constant laser power of 300 W, the Cu‐melt was rapidly infiltrated into the ceramic preform in 10 seconds. This was completed under atmospheric air conditions, without added inert gas. The joining process developed can be used to fabricate ceramic/metal joints with targeted (micro‐) structure properties by adjusting the infiltrated melt and the infiltration depth, which would be suitable for many applications, such as multifunctional devices, solid oxide fuel cells or heating elements. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.15767 SN - 1551-2916 SN - 0002-7820 VL - 101 IS - 10 SP - 4472 EP - 4472 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nowack, Kati T1 - Unfinished sympathies: Influence of individual temporal orientation on music preferences T2 - Psychology of Music N2 - Temporal aspects have been studied extensively within the context of music perception but insufficiently within the context of music preference. In this online questionnaire study, I investigated the impact of chronotype (morningness, eveningness) and time perspective (present, future) on music preferences. Participants (n = 258) completed the Short Test of Music Preferences for 26 music genres, the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory and the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire. Principal component analysis replicated a six-component structure of music preference. Whilst preference scores were highest for intense music for all participants, I found significant effects of chronotype and time perspective on music preferences. In particular, present-oriented evening types and future-oriented morning types differed in their preferences for various music genres. Consistent with a matching hypothesis, present-oriented evening types (fast life histories) showed greater preferences for contemporary (i.e., high rhythmic complexity), sophisticated (i.e., high complexity) and electronic music (i.e., fast tempo) compared to future-oriented morning types (slow life histories; greater difficulties with temporal irregularities). Consistent with a self-regulation hypothesis, present-oriented evening types showed greater preferences than future-oriented morning types for campestral music (i.e., slow tempo and low complexity). KW - Musical taste KW - Genre KW - Time perspective KW - Chronotype KW - Morningness/eveningness KW - Time duration KW - time succession Y1 - 2019 UR - http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0305735618775200 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/0305735618775200 SN - 1741-3087 VL - 47 IS - 5 SP - 736 EP - 746 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Chami, Maximilian F. T1 - Community Awareness for Archives in Tanzania: a Case Study of Zanzibar National Archives T2 - Journal of the South African Society of Archivists Y1 - 2017 UR - https://www.ajol.info/index.php/jsasa/article/view/167735 UR - 1012-2796 VL - Vol. 50 SP - 56 EP - 66 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Chami, Maximilian F. T1 - Community Involvement and Sustainable Tourism Development in Heritage Management: Amboni Limestone Caves, Tanzania T2 - African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure Y1 - 2018 UR - https://www.ajhtl.com/ SN - 2223-814X VL - Vol. 7 IS - 2 SP - 1 EP - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kunath, Martin A1 - Winkler, Herwig T1 - Integrating the Digital Twin of the manufacturing system into a decision support system for improving the order management process T2 - Procedia CIRP N2 - Today´s manufacturing companies need to adapt more than ever to changing customer needs, rising resource costs and increasing uncertainties. A promising way to face these issues is the digitalization of the manufacturing system. Key elements of the digitalization are cyber-physical systems (CPS) and the cyber-physical production system (CPPS). In the last years, the Digital Twin has become a synonym for the cyber-part of CPS and CPPS. In this paper, a conceptual framework and potential applications of a decision support system for the order management process are discussed, that is based on the Digital Twin of the manufacturing system. KW - Digital Twin KW - Order Management Process KW - Industry 4.0 KW - Digitalization KW - Decision Support System Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2018.03.192 SN - 2212-8271 VL - 72 SP - 225 EP - 231 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lubosch, Marco A1 - Winkler, Herwig T1 - Industrial scheduling with Monte Carlo tree search and machine learning T2 - Procedia CIRP N2 - Although scheduling has been studied for decades, no general approach for solving industrial scheduling problems has yet been found. The variety of production systems often requires unique modifications of scheduling algorithms to meet industrial requirements. To address this challenge, an algorithm is proposed that combines Monte Carlo tree search and machine learning. It tries to eliminate the need for problem-specific knowledge while improving the production system’s performance. The algorithm has been investigated using a reentrant flow-shop problem. The results show that a combination of random-based search algorithms and machine learning is a promising way to handle complex industrial scheduling problems. KW - Scheduling KW - Monte Carlo tree search KW - machine learning KW - flow -shop Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2018.03.171 SN - 2212-8271 VL - 72 SP - 1283 EP - 1287 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lugert, Andreas A1 - Winkler, Herwig A1 - Völker, Kevin T1 - Dynamization of Value Stream Management by technical and managerial approach T2 - Procedia CIRP N2 - Value Stream Mapping (VSM) is a widely known lean tool to improve manufacturing systems. Despite having many benefits VSM also has some shortcomings in today’s more dynamic production environment. To eliminate these weaknesses and to further increase flexibility, we developed a dynamic value stream management concept taking both the recent digitalization technologies and organizational structures into account. Therefore, we designed a concept with two dimensions: on one hand a technical infrastructure facing Industry 4.0, on the other hand a management approach describing involved roles and relevant day-to-day activities. The analysis of value streams is facilitated by data analytics and simulation using real-time data. Our contribution possesses first insights in the conceptual considerations. KW - Industry 4.0 KW - Lean Management KW - Toyota Production System KW - Value Stream KW - Value Stream Management KW - Value Stream Mapping Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2018.03.284 SN - 2212-8271 VL - 72 SP - 701 EP - 706 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Li, Zheng A1 - Launert, Benjamin A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut T1 - Application of the stochastic finite element method in welding simulation T2 - Welding in the World N2 - Due to the uncertain microscopic structure of the material, the strength of the material exhibits strong randomness. This randomness results in uncertain response of the structure in the sequentially coupled thermal-mechanical analysis by welding simulation. Because of the limitations of deterministic welding simulation, the stochastic finite element method with random field will be introduced into the welding simulation, so that the welded structure can be more accurately calculated in the stability and reliability structural analysis. Particularly, it is necessary to propose reasonable distributions of residual stress from welding simulations based on statistical and reliability theories. This paper is intended to implement the stochastic finite element method in the welding simulation using a general-purpose simulation program and to demonstrate the potential of the proposed approach. Furthermore, the statistical distribution function of the welding simulation response is obtained by maximum entropy fitting method. Then, a numerical example is presented by the proposed method. Y1 - 2018 UR - https://rdcu.be/NT9F U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s40194-018-0596-4 SN - 0043-2288 SN - 1878-6669 VL - 62 IS - 5 SP - 905 EP - 912 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kisler, Roman A1 - Sarradj, Ennes T1 - Plate Silencers for Broadband Low Frequency Sound Attenuation T2 - Acta Acustica united with Acustica N2 - An efficiency improvement for the implementation of a semi-analytical model of plate silencers in ducts is presented in this work. It is shown that a high approximation quality can be maintained even if the computation effort is reduced significantly. Thus, preliminary designs of plate silencers for specific purposes can be conducted with little effort. In addition, the accelerated implementation is utilized to perform an extensive parameter variation in order to find a best case configuration of silen properties and corresponding design rules. The results of these studies show that a tuning of plate and geometry parameters allow for substantial increases in a silencer's attenuation performance. Y1 - 2018 SN - 1610-1928 SN - 1861-9959 VL - 104 IS - 3 SP - 521 EP - 527 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krämer, Jan Eike A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - The agglomeration bonus in practice - An exploratory assessment of the Swiss network bonus T2 - Journal for nature conservation Y1 - 2018 SN - 1618-1093 SN - 1617-1381 VL - 43 SP - 126 EP - 135 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mykhailova, Larysa A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Iurchenko, Valentina T1 - Microbial activity and decomposition of soil organic matter in roadside soils contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons T2 - CLEAN - Soil Air Water N2 - Petroleum hydrocarbons (PHs) are the most widespread organic pollutants of roadside soils, the reclamation of which is costly due to large areas affected, and natural PHs biodegradation is the only way of mitigating negative ecological consequences. This study aimed to investigate the microbial response to PHs in roadside soils and to identify soil organic matter (SOM) and PHs involved in biodegradation processes. To address this aim, soil respiration is related to light (chain‐length ≤C14) medium (C15–C27), and heavy fractions (≥C28) of total PHs, and to SOM components: carbohydrates, proteins, lignin, aliphates, carbonyl/carboxyl, and char amounts of soils sampled at distances of up to 100 m from three roads in Kharkiv, Ukraine. A close relation between soil respiration and ratio of the light fraction to the sum of medium and heavy alkane fractions indicate the preferential mineralization of more biodegradable light PHs fractions. A positive relation between soil respiration and carbohydrate C, as well as negative correlation with aliphatic C, indicate preferred degradation of carbohydrates compared to more recalcitrant aliphates. Carbohydrate content increased and aliphatic C decreased with distance from the roads, and carbohydrates decreased with PHs concentration, indicating increased degradation of carbohydrates at high PHs concentrations (positive priming). It is concluded that microorganisms generate the energy required for PHs degradation by enhanced oxidation of native SOM where carbohydrates were of paramount importance. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/clen.201800132 SN - 1863-0669 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lykina, Valeriya A1 - Grass, Dieter T1 - Infinite horizon cancer treatment model with isoperimetrical constraint: existence of optimal solutions and numerical analysis T2 - International Journal of Control N2 - In this paper, a class of infinite horizon optimal control problems with a mixed control-state isoperimetrical constraint, also interpreted as a budget constraint, is considered. The underlying dynamics is assumed to be affine-linear in control. The crucial idea which is followed in this paper is the choice of a weighted Sobolev space as the state space. For this class of problems, we establish an existence result and apply it to a bilinear model of optimal cancer treatment with an isoperimetrical constraint including the overall amount of drugs used during the whole therapy horizon. A numerical analysis of this model is provided by means of open source software package OCMat, which implements a continuation method for solving discounted infinite horizon optimal control problems. KW - infinite horizon optimal control KW - existence theorem KW - weighted sobolev spaces KW - numerical solution Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/00207179.2017.1396362 SN - 1366-5820 SN - 0020-7179 VL - 92 IS - 6 SP - 1401 EP - 1414 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pickenhain, Sabine A1 - Ziemann, Torsten T1 - First-order necessary optimality conditions for infinite horizon optimal control problems with linear dynamics and convex objective T2 - Optimization : a Journal of Mathematical Programming and Operations Research N2 - We consider a class of infinite horizon optimal control problems with vector-valued states and controls involving the Lebesgue integral in the objective and a linear dynamics. The key idea is to show that the solutions of the state-equation belong to a weighted Hilbert space, due to a natural growth condition. This allows to introduce the weighted Sobolev space as the state space and the weighted Lebesgue space as the control space in the problem setting. We answer the fundamental question of how one can choose the weight function in dependence of the system dynamics. In the setting of Hilbert spaces, we show a Pontryagin-type maximum principle. Therefore, we use techniques from earlier publications of the authors. In contrast to these publications, we deal with vector-valued states and controls, here. These vector-valued problems arise in many applications. The maximum principle also includes a transversality condition which makes the difference to related publications in the field of necessary optimality conditions. This condition brings advantages for the numerical calculations of the solution by indirect methods, like a pseudospectral method. KW - vector-valued optimal control KW - infinite horizon KW - necessary optimality conditions Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/02331934.2018.1434172 SN - 1029-4945 SN - 0233-1934 VL - 67 IS - 6 SP - 757 EP - 782 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pickenhain, Sabine T1 - Infinite Horizon Problems in the Calculus of Variations. The Role of Transformations with an Application to the Brachistochrone Problem T2 - Set-Valued and Variational Analysis Theory and Applications N2 - In this paper we consider a class of infinite horizon variational problems resulting from a transformation of singular variational problems. Herein we assume that the objective is convex. The problem setting implies a weighted Sobolev space as state space. For this class of problems we establish necessary optimality conditions in form of a Pontryagin type maximum principle. A duality concept of convex analysis is provided and used to establish sufficient optimality conditions. We apply the theoretical results proven to the problem of the Brachistochrone. KW - weighted functional spaces KW - calculus of variations KW - infinite horizon Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11228-018-0483-6 SN - 1877-0541 VL - 27 IS - 2 SP - 331 EP - 354 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dósa, György A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin A1 - Tan, Zhiyi A1 - Tuza, Zsolt A1 - Węsek, Krzysztof T1 - Tight Upper Bounds for Semi-Online Scheduling on Two Uniform Machines with Known Optimum T2 - Central European Journal of Operations Research Y1 - 2018 SN - 1613-9178 VL - Vol. 26 IS - 1 SP - 161 EP - 180 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Trieschmann, Jan T1 - Neutral Gas Simulation on the Influence of Rotating Spokes on Gas Rarefaction in High-Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering T2 - Contributions to Plasma Physics Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ctpp.201700062 SN - 1521-3986 VL - 58 IS - 5 SP - 394 EP - 403 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Moreau, Danielle J. A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Doolan, Con A1 - Sarradj, Ennes T1 - Surface curvature effects on the tonal noise of a wall-mounted finite airfoil T2 - The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America N2 - This paper is concerned with the influence of camber on the noise of a wall-mounted finite airfoil with natural boundary layer transition. Tonal noise measurements taken in an aeroacoustic wind tunnel are presented for airfoils with aspect ratio of 2, NACAxx12 profile and camber between 0 and 6% at 40% chord. The results show camber is an important parameter that determines the operating conditions for which acoustic tone generation occurs and the number and intensity of the tones produced. Airfoils with 0%–2% camber have an acoustic signature that is dominated by a high amplitude primary tone, whereas the spectra of airfoils with higher camber of 4%–6% feature a more pronounced side tone structure. Tonal noise production does not collapse with lift coefficient, demonstrating that the local flow conditions influence the noise source. Tonal noise production is explained in terms of changes to mean flow topology, namely the location of flow separation, which is linked to tonal noise generation. Scaling of airfoil tonal noise is found to vary with angle of attack and pressure gradient. Empirical scaling laws for the primary tone frequency dependence on velocity are also derived for the cambered airfoils. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1121/1.5040981 SN - 1520-8524 VL - 143 IS - 6 SP - 3460 EP - 3473 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Huber, Markus A1 - Wolff, Matthias A1 - Meyer, Werner A1 - Jokisch, Oliver A1 - Nowack, Kati T1 - Some Design Aspects of a Cognitive User Interface T2 - Online Journal of Applied Knowledge Management N2 - We report on research conducted as part of the Universal Cognitive User Interface (UCUI) project, which aims at developing a universal, autarkic module for intuitive interaction with technical devices. First, we present an empirical study of image schemas as basic building blocks of human knowledge. Image schemas have been studied extensively in cognitive linguistics, but insufficiently in the context of human-computer-interaction (HCI). Some image schemas are developed early at pre-verbal stages (e.g., up-down) and may, thus, exert greater influence on human knowledge than later developed image schemas (e.g., centre-periphery). To investigate this for HCI contexts, we applied a speech interaction task using a Wizard of Oz paradigm. Our results show that users apply early image schemas more frequently than late image schemas. They should, therefore, be given preference in interface designs. In the second part of this contribution we therefore focus on the appropriate representation and processing of semantics. We introduce novel theoretical work including feature-values-relations and Petri net transducers, and discuss their impact on behaviour control of cognitive systems. In addition, we illustrate some details of the implementation regarding learning strategies and the graphical user interface. N2 - ucuikt2015 KW - Cognitive system KW - intuitive interaction KW - image schema theory KW - feature-valuesrelation KW - Petri net transducer and behaviour control Y1 - 2018 UR - http://www.iiakm.org/ojakm/articles/2018/volume6_1.php SN - 2325-4688 N1 - Best Research Paper Award VL - 6 IS - 1 SP - 15 EP - 29 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gastinger, Ingo A1 - Meyer, F. A1 - Shardin, Anton A1 - Ptok, Henry A1 - Lippert, Hans A1 - Dralle, Henning T1 - Untersuchungen zur Hospitalletalität in der Pankreaschirurgie T2 - Der Chirurg Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00104-018-0654-x SN - 1433-0385 VL - 90 IS - 1 SP - 47 EP - 55 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kolzau, Sebastian A1 - Dolman, Andrew M. A1 - Voss, Maren A1 - Wiedner, Claudia T1 - The response of nitrogen fixing cyanobacteria to a reduction in nitrogen loading T2 - International Review of Hydrobiology KW - lakes KW - N2 -fixation KW - nitrogen reduction Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/iroh.201601882 SN - 1522-2632 VL - 103 IS - 1-2 SP - 5 EP - 14 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krüger, Dennis A1 - Trieschmann, Jan A1 - Brinkmann, Ralf Peter T1 - Scattering of magnetized electrons at the boundary of low temperature plasmas T2 - Plasma Sources Science and Technology Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6595/aaaa85 SN - 1361-6595 SN - 0963-0252 VL - 27 IS - 2 SP - ID 025011 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Trieschmann, Jan A1 - Ries, Stefan A1 - Bibinov, Nikita A1 - Awakowicz, Peter A1 - Mráz, Stanislav A1 - Schneider, Jochen M. A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas T1 - Combined experimental and theoretical description of direct current magnetron sputtering of Al by Ar and Ar/N₂ plasma T2 - Plasma Sources Science and Technology Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6595/aac23e VL - 27 IS - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hilf, Ellen A1 - Jacobsen, Heike A1 - Meschkutat, Bärbel A1 - Pohlheim, Katja T1 - Berufsfachlichkeit im Einzelhandel - eine umkämpfte Ressource T2 - Arbeits- und Industriesoziologische Studien Y1 - 2018 SN - 1866-9549 VL - 11 IS - 1 SP - 60 EP - 75 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mensah, Henry A1 - Ibrahim, Bachar T1 - Perceptions of Male and Female in Collaborative Process at Weija Irrigation Scheme of Ghana T2 - Journal of Advanced Agricultural Technologies Y1 - 2018 UR - http://www.joaat.com/uploadfile/2018/0629/20180629032443791.pdf SN - 2301-3737 VL - 5 IS - 2 SP - 159 EP - 165 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liu, Fei A1 - Chen, Siyuan A1 - Heiner, Monika A1 - Song, Hengjie T1 - Modeling Biological Systems with Uncertain Kinetic Data Using Fuzzy Continuous Petri Nets T2 - BMC Systems Biology Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12918-018-0568-8 SN - 1752-0509 VL - 12 IS - Supplement 4 SP - 64 EP - 74 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Baldan, Paolo A1 - Bocci, Martina A1 - Brigolin, Daniele A1 - Cocco, Nicoletta A1 - Heiner, Monika A1 - Simeoni, Marta T1 - Petri Nets for modelling and analysing Trophic Networks T2 - Fundamenta Informaticae Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/FI-2018-1673 SN - 0169-2968 SN - 1875-8681 VL - 160 IS - 1-2 SP - 27 EP - 52 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herajy, Mostafa A1 - Heiner, Monika T1 - Adaptive and Bio-semantics of Continuous Petri Nets: Choosing the Appropriate Interpretation T2 - Fundamenta Informaticae Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/FI-2018-1674 SN - 1875-8681 SN - 0169-2968 VL - 160 IS - 1-2 SP - 53 EP - 80 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Blätke, Mary-Ann A1 - Rohr, Christian T1 - BioModelKit: Spatial Modelling of Complex Multiscale Molecular Biosystems based on Modular Models T2 - Fundamenta Informaticae Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/FI-2018-1682 SN - 1875-8681 SN - 0169-2968 VL - 160 IS - 1-2 SP - 221 EP - 254 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Batz, Aglaya A1 - Kunath, Martin A1 - Winkler, Herwig T1 - Discrepancies between Cluster Services and SMEs’ Needs Constraining the Creation of a Culture of Innovation amidst Industry 4.0 T2 - LogForum N2 - Background: SMEs performance and their innovativeness are associated to their participation in innovation networks. Thus, SMEs tend to join clusters aiming to accelerate their process of innovation, catch up with the dynamics of the industry and increase their probability to access external knowledge and resources. Consequently, promoting a collaborative atmosphere by boosting the synergies between cluster managers and SMEs will foment a culture of innovation. Moreover, the inclusion of new technologies, and especially the advent of industry 4.0, is facilitating collaboration, while at the same time accelerating the development of innovation outcomes and setting new challenges for SMEs. This contribution identifies discrepancies between offer (clusters) and demand (SMEs), hindering the creation of a culture of innovation and highlights critical points, where both SMEs and Clusters, may gain from a proper interaction. Methods: 120 empirical studies analyzing innovation determinants have been evaluated. Based on these determinants and stressing the importance of SMEs participating in collaborative-networked innovation actions, a concept for supporting the creation of a culture of innovation is proposed. This concept is enhanced by exploring potential benefits of industry 4.0 technologies supporting the acquisition, assimilation and transformation of knowledge into innovation. Additionally, in order to gain an insight about the interrelation between clusters and SMEs towards the creation of an innovation culture, an empirical study has been conducted. Results: The descriptive analysis shows that communication problems and discrepancies between cluster organizations and SMEs are evident. Moreover, the understanding of SMEs on the requirements for building an innovation culture is rather low. Although cluster organizations tend to generate services supporting their members’ innovation processes, a gap between offer and demand is observable among all phases defined in the concept. Conclusions: we suggest that cluster managers could play a more preponderant role as orchestrators of innovation by adjusting their services to the requirements of each innovation process phase. Moreover, this work highlights inconsistencies between offer (clusters) and demand (SMEs) constraining the creation of a culture of innovation, particularly stressing communication problems. Hence, the integration of innovative communication channels, having the potential to increase the effectiveness of communication strategies between cluster managers and SMEs, are key for facilitating a culture of innovation in organizations, especially in SMEs. In this case, we suggest exploring different elements around the industry 4.0 in order to define the characteristics of such communication channels, particularly those supporting the acquisition, assimilation and transformation of internal and external knowledge into innovation. KW - determinants of innovation KW - culture of innovation KW - innovation networks KW - cluster management KW - Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) Y1 - 2018 UR - http://www.logforum.net/pdf/14_3_9_18.pdf SN - 1895-2038 SN - 1734-459X VL - 14 IS - 3 SP - 387 EP - 405 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Brinkert, Katharina A1 - Richter, Matthias A1 - Akay, Ömer A1 - Liedtke, Janine A1 - Giersig, Michael A1 - Fountaine, Katherine T. A1 - Lewerenz, Hans-Joachim T1 - Efficient Solar Hydrogen Generation in Microgravity Environment T2 - Nature Communications N2 - Long-term space missions require extra-terrestrial production of storable, renewable energy. Hydrogen is ascribed a crucial role for transportation, electrical power and oxygen generation. We demonstrate in a series of drop tower experiments that efficient direct hydrogen production can be realized photoelectrochemically in microgravity environment, providing an alternative route to existing life support technologies for space travel. The photoelectrochemical cell consists of an integrated catalyst-functionalized semiconductor system that generates hydrogen with current densities >15 mA/cm2 in the absence of buoyancy. Conditions are described adverting the resulting formation of ion transport blocking froth layers on the photoelectrodes. The current limiting factors were overcome by controlling the micro- and nanotopography of the Rh electrocatalyst using shadow nanosphere lithography. The behaviour of the applied system in terrestrial and microgravity environment is simulated using a kinetic transport model. Differences observed for varied catalyst topography are elucidated, enabling future photoelectrode designs for use in reduced gravity environments. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-04844-y SN - 2041-1723 IS - 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Beirow, Bernd A1 - Kühhorn, Arnold A1 - Figaschewsky, Felix A1 - Bornholm, Alfons A1 - Repetckii, Oleg V. T1 - Forced Response Reduction of a Blisk by Means of Intentional Mistuning T2 - Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power N2 - The effect of intentional mistuning has been analyzed for an axial turbocharger blisk with the objective of limiting the forced response due to low engine order excitation (LEO). The idea behind the approach was to increase the aerodynamic damping for the most critical fundamental mode in a way that a safe operation is ensured without severely losing aerodynamic performance. Apart from alternate mistuning a more effective mistuning pattern is investigated, which has been derived by means of optimization employing genetic algorithms. In order to keep the manufacturing effort as small as possible only two blade different geometries have been allowed which means that an integer optimization problem has been formulated. Two blisk prototypes have been manufactured for the purpose of demonstrating the benefit of the intentional mistuning pattern identified in this way: A first one with and a second one without employing intentional mistuning. The real mistuning of the prototypes has been experimentally identified. It is shown that the benefit regarding the forced response reduction is retained in spite of the negative impact of unavoidable additional mistuning due to the manufacturing process. Independently, further analyzes have been focused on the robustness of the solution by considering increasing random structural mistuning and aerodynamic mistuning as well. The latter one has been modeled by means of varying aerodynamic influence coefficients (AIC) as part of Monte Carlo simulations. Reduced order models have been employed for these purposes. Y1 - 2019 UR - http://gasturbinespower.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/article.aspx?articleid=2687503 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4040715 SN - 1528-8919 SN - 0742-4795 VL - 141 IS - 1 SP - 011008-1 EP - 011008-8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zaplata, Markus K. A1 - Hecker, Lutz Philip T1 - Convergence in Tourism and Divergence in Agriculture as a Perspective to Foster Sustainability All Round T2 - Scientific Research Publishing Y1 - 2018 SN - 2165-4336 VL - 8 IS - 5 SP - 464 EP - 469 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Colombo, Riccardo A1 - Damiani, Chiara A1 - Gilbert, David A1 - Heiner, Monika A1 - Mauri, Giancarlo A1 - Pescini, Dario T1 - Emerging ensembles of kinetic parameters to identify experimentally observed phenotypes T2 - BMC bioinformatics KW - Ensembles KW - Fluxes KW - Kinetic parameters KW - Mechanistic simulations KW - Metabolism KW - ODEs KW - Steady state KW - Systems biology Y1 - 2018 UR - https://bmcbioinformatics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12859-018-2181-7 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12859-018-2181-7 SN - 1471-2105 VL - 19 IS - Suppl. 7 SP - 46 EP - 59 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herajy, Mostafa A1 - Liu, Fei A1 - Rohr, Christian A1 - Heiner, Monika T1 - Coloured Hybrid Petri Nets: an Adaptable Modelling Approach for Multi-scale Biological Networks T2 - Computational Biology and Chemistry KW - Coloured Petri nets KW - Hybrid Petri Nets KW - Multi-scale modelling KW - Bistable switch KW - Dendritic spines Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2018.05.023 SN - 1476-9271 VL - 76 SP - 87 EP - 100 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kuhn, Ramona A1 - Jensch, Robert A1 - Bryant, Isaac Mbir A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Liebsch, Stephan A1 - Martienssen, Marion T1 - The influence of selected bivalent metal ions on the photolysis of diethylenetriamine penta(methylenephosphonic acid) T2 - Chemosphere N2 - DTPMP is predominantly utilized as scale inhibitor. We investigated the reaction rates and degradation mechanism of DTPMP with and without addition of Fe²⁺, Mg²⁺ and Ca²⁺ by performing LC/MS and ³¹P-NMR analyses. DTPMP undergoes conversion with and without addition of bivalent metal ions. The initial cleavage of DTPMP is initiated at the C-N bond leading to release of IDMP as its major breakdown product. The release of smaller quantities of EABMP and AMPA confirmed the nucleophilic attack on the DTPMP amines. Oxidation of Fe²⁺ to Fe³⁺ during the initial 30 min indicated an intramolecular electron transfer changing the electron density distribution at the nitrogen centre, which increased the radical attack during UV irradiation. Independent of the fact that Fe acted as catalyst and Mg²⁺ and Ca²⁺ acted as reactants, we found no significant differences in their degradation mechanisms. However, the reaction rates were strongly affected by the addition of the bivalent metal ions as Fe²⁺ accelerated most DTPMP degradation followed by Mg²⁺ and Ca²⁺. The UV treatment without metal ion addition was four times slower compared with Fe²⁺ addition. We conclude that in environments rich in ferrous iron and/or at reduced redox potential, photolysis of DTPMP will be catalysed by iron and will lead to accumulation of IDMP, EABMP and AMPA and several other none-quantifiable breakdown products. KW - DTPMP KW - Ferrous ion KW - LC/MS KW - Phosphonates KW - Photolysis Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.07.033 SN - 0045-6535 IS - 210 SP - 726 EP - 733 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grosser, Angelique A1 - Höller-Holtrichter, Chantal A1 - Doyle, Ina-Merle A1 - Schmitz, Jutta A1 - Hoffmann, Renata A1 - Ergin-Akkoyun, Emine A1 - Mauro, Antonia A1 - Breckenkamp, Jürgen A1 - Razum, Oliver A1 - Spallek, Jacob T1 - Rekrutierungsstrategien für Migrantinnen in einer Geburtskohorte am Beispiel der BaBi-Studie T2 - Das Gesundheitswesen N2 - Die Rekrutierung von Studienteilnehmern aller relevanten Bevölkerungsgruppen stellt eine der Herausforderungen in der (sozial-)epidemiologischen Forschung dar. Es existiert eine Vielzahl von Strategien, die der Rekrutierung von ethnischen Minderheiten und bestimmter Migrantengruppen dienen können. Unklar ist bisher, ob diese Strategien auch bei der Etablierung einer Geburtskohorte geeignet sind. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist die Darstellung und Evaluation von Rekrutierungsstrategien für Migrantinnen in einer Geburtskohorte am Beispiel der BaBi-Studie. Die Rekrutierung erfolgte von Oktober 2013 bis Oktober 2016. Als Vorbereitung wurden Fokusgruppen mit Schwangeren und Müttern und leitfadengestützte Experteninterviews mit Hebammen und GynäkologInnen durchgeführt, um Studienmaterialien, Befragungsinstrumente und Sprachpräferenzen zu prüfen. In der Vorstudie wurden unterschiedliche Rekrutierungswege getestet. Im Rekrutierungsverlauf fand eine kontinuierliche Evaluation statt, um erfolgreiche Rekrutierungsstrategien für Teilnehmerinnen mit Migrationshintergrund zu ermitteln und anzupassen. Von den eingeschlossenen 980 Teilnehmerinnen hatten 390 einen Migrationshintergrund (40%). Es wurden aktive und passive Rekrutierungsstrategien verfolgt, in denen u. a. türkische Übersetzungen und multikulturelles Personal zum Einsatz kamen. Für die passive Rekrutierung über gynäkologische Praxen und Hebammen mussten die schwangeren Frauen und Wöchnerinnen eine hohe Motivation für die Rekrutierung mitbringen. Die aktive Rekrutierung in den Geburtskliniken (Ansprache durch Study-Nurses) erhöhte den Anteil an Teilnehmerinnen mit Migrationshintergrund von 22 auf 49% aller Teilnehmerinnen. Durch frühzeitige Überprüfungen und Anpassungen der Zugangswege konnte die Teilnahmebereitschaft erhöht werden. Für die Rekrutierung von Frauen mit Migrationshintergrund sind gründliche Vorbereitungen in Form von Befragungen (Fokusgruppen, Leitfadeninterviews) und einer Vorstudie sinnvoll. Von Beginn an sind Verfahren zur frühzeitigen Evaluation der unterschiedlichen Rekrutierungsstrategien und ein erhöhter Personalaufwand (z. B. für (Rück-/ Übersetzungen) einzuplanen). Der Einschluss von Menschen mit Migrationshintergrund in sozialepidemiologischen Studien sollte in Deutschland zur Normalität werden. KW - Rekrutierung KW - Geburtskohorte KW - Migranten KW - Türkei KW - Spätaussiedler Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/a-0600-2392 SN - 0941-3790 VL - 81 IS - 8/9 SP - 621 EP - 628 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Adonadaga, Melvin-Guy A1 - Martienssen, Marion T1 - In situ identification of filamentous beacteria from activated studge wastewater treatment plant in Ghana T2 - Journal of Applied & Environmental Microbiology Y1 - 2015 SN - 2373-6712 SN - 2373-6747 VL - 3 IS - 3 SP - 75 EP - 81 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Adonadaga, Melvin-Guy A1 - Martienssen, Marion T1 - Reliability of morphological approach for bulking filamentous bacteria identification in activated sludge T2 - International Journal of Applied Science and Technology Y1 - 2016 SN - 2221-0997 SN - 2221-1004 VL - 6 IS - 2 SP - 30 EP - 37 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Adonadaga, Melvin-Guy A1 - Ampadu, Boateng A1 - Martienssen, Marion T1 - Effect of sludge loading and dissolved oxygen concentration on proliferation of Thiotrix and Eikelboom Types 1851 and 0041 in activated sludge wasterwater treatment plants T2 - International Journal of Applied Science and Technology Y1 - 2016 SN - 2373-6712 SN - 2373-6747 VL - 6 IS - 4 SP - 08 EP - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Prill, Robert A1 - Kirschner, Jana A1 - Michel, Sven A1 - Schulz, Robert A1 - Hommel, Hagen T1 - Study protocol of a multi-stage randomised controlled study for the assessment of postoperative therapeutic procedures after total knee arthroplasty T2 - International Journal of Physiotherapy N2 - Background There continues to be a lack of evidence to support physiotherapeutic rehabilitation measures after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), especially in the area of functional test procedures, which are indispensable for assessing perioperative physiotherapeutic interventions, including their efficacy. Objective A multi-stage, randomised, controlled study design is concerned with the establishment of an evidence-based perioperative physiotherapeutic treatment programme to evaluate physical functional test procedures with regard to their predictive value and the efficacy of physiotherapeutic interventions. Setting The RCT will be realised in a medical clinic in the department of orthopaedics, sports medicine and rehabilitation. Participants A first stage will include young, healthy subjects (Group A) and subjects who are due to undergo TKA and are then to be treated with a standard rehabilitation programme (Group B). Design Selected promising physical functional test procedures will be tested for their reliability. Inter-tester reliability will be determined in Group A. The test-retest reliability at different perioperative timepoints will be determined in Group B. Measurements The following test procedures will be investigated for reliability: 10-m walk test, timed up and go, three times sit to stand, isometric maximal force of knee extension, stair climbing and the cumulative leg circumference. In addition, these test procedures will be correlated among each other and with the WOMAC and KSS for selected aspects of validity. In a second stage, the reliable test procedures will be applied to investigate selected promising physiotherapeutic interventions. Conclusions The investigation could change perioperative assessments and physiotherapeutic treatment in patients who have undergone TKA. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.15621/ijphy/2018/v5i1/167194 SN - 2348-8336 VL - 6 IS - 1 SP - 13 EP - 17 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Caviedes-Voullième, Daniel A1 - Fernández-Pato, Javier A1 - Hinz, Christoph T1 - Cellular Automata and Finite Volume solvers converge for 2D shallow flow modelling for hydrological modelling T2 - Journal of Hydrology N2 - Surface flows of hydrological interest, including overland flow, runoff, river and channel flow and flooding have received significant attention from modellers in the past 30 years. A growing effort to address these complex environmental problems is in place in the scientific community. Researchers have stud-ied and favoured a plethora of techniques to approach this issue, ranging from very simple empirically-based mathematical models, to physically-based, deductive and very formal numerical integration of systems of partial-differential equations. In this work, we review two families of methods: cell-based simulators – later called Cellular Automata – and Finite Volume solvers for the Zero-Inertia equation, which we show to converge into a single methodology given appropriate choices. Furthermore, this convergence, mathematically shown in this work, can also be identified by critically reviewing the exist-ing literature, which leads to the conclusion that two methods originating from different reasoning and fundamental philosophy, fundamentally converge into the same method. Moreover, acknowledging such convergence allows for some generalisation of properties of numerical schemes such as error behaviour and stability, which, importantly, is the same for the converging methodology, a fact with practical implications. Both the review of existing literature and reasoning in this work attempts to aid in the effort of synchronising and cross-fertilizing efforts to improve the understanding and the outlook of Zero-Inertia solvers for surface flows, as well as to help in clarifying the possible confusion and parallel develop-ments that may arise from the use of different terminology originating from historical reasons. Moreover, synchronising and unifying this knowledge-base can help clarify model capabilities, applicability and modelling issues for hydrological modellers, specially for those not deeply familiar with the mathematical and numerical details. KW - Surface runoff KW - Zero-inertia equation KW - Shallow-water equations KW - Cellular Automata KW - Finite Volume KW - Diffusive-wave equation Y1 - 2018 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022169418304438 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.06.021 SN - 0022-1694 VL - 563 SP - 411 EP - 417 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nowack, Kati T1 - More is Up – Important is Central: Impact of Developmental Origin of Image Schemas on Touch and Gesture Interaction with Computers T2 - International Journal of Human-Computer Studies N2 - Image schemas and primary metaphors have been studied extensively in cognitive linguistics, but insufficiently in the applied context of human-computer interaction. Scant evidence proposes image schemas and primary metaphors as sources for intuitive interface design. Literature on concept formation, however, suggests that image schemas occurring earlier in infancy exert greater influence than later developed image schemas on the development of thought and language. To investigate the impact of developmental origin of image schemas on the validity of image-schematic metaphors in supporting intuitive interface design, two studies analyzed metaphor strengths of image schemas from questionnaire, and from gesture and touch interaction with a 2D interactive interface. Responses linked to primary metaphors associated with early image schemas demonstrated greater agreement rates compared to late image schemas. Whilst questionnaire and touch responses generally demonstrated metaphor strengths well above chance level, gesture responses were only above chance level for early but not for late image schemas. For the application of image-schematic metaphors in intuitive interfaces, the current findings suggest two restrictions: First, primary metaphors linked to early image schemas appear to be more intuitive than those linked to late image schemas. This impact of developmental occurrence of image schemas is interpreted in terms of differences in complexity and frequency. Second, image-schematic primary metaphors appear more suited for providing intuitive touch interaction experiences. For intuitive gesture interaction experiences, they appear less suited. N2 - ucuikt2015 KW - Primary Metaphors KW - Media Psychology KW - Applied Psychology Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhcs.2018.08.001 SN - 1071-5819 VL - Vol. 120 SP - 94 EP - 106 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hermann, Mandy A1 - Winkler, Herwig A1 - Tinello, Daniel T1 - Elaboration and analysis of key figure-based approaches for the efficiency assessment of traditional and bio-inspired factory layouts T2 - Procedia CIRP N2 - Most factory layouts based on stable markets. Companies usually do not consider further development or growth processes, which leads to inefficiencies. Literature reviews have shown, that living systems have the ability to efficiently and flexibly cope with short- and long-term changes. Consequently, this paper shows firstly, as an overview of own studies, new efficient approaches as examples for factory and material flow planning, using biomimetics. Secondly and as the focus of the paper, approaches for the efficiency measurement and assessment are analyzed and examined for their suitability to the context of different factory layouts and their material flows. Based on these results, traditional and bio-inspired factory layouts should be comparable in terms of their efficiency figures. KW - Logistics KW - Factory KW - Analysis KW - Efficiency Assessment Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2018.03.052 VL - 72 SP - 732 EP - 738 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Olejniczak, Jonas Hagen T1 - Achtsames Hören im Musizierunterricht T2 - Diskussion Musikpädagogik N2 - In this text I aim to explore a way of listening to music, which orientates itself on empathic, mindful interpersonal communication. How would listening to music under such circumstances look/feel like? Firstly this essay illustrates what I regard as „empathic“ listening, referencing Marshall B. Rosenberg, founder of the so called Nonviolent-Communication. Also, touching on Gregory Kramer, the originator of the so called Insight-Dialogue, I demonstrate to what extent attention and a mindful presence are an essential attribute to this method of listening. Lastly I attempt to transpose this technique, applying it to music and deducting possible conclusions for teaching in a muscial context. In doing so it becomes clear that the boundaries between mindful listening in conversations between humans and attentive listening to music become blurred, as the essence of both is mindful presence. KW - Achtsames Hören Y1 - 2018 SN - 1437-4722 IS - 78 SP - 18 EP - 25 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fabian, Jenny A1 - Zlatanović, Sanja A1 - Mutz, Michael T1 - Environmental Control on Microbial Turnover of Leaf Carbon in Streams – Ecological Function of Phototrophic-Heterotrophic Interactions T2 - Frontiers in microbiology KW - algae KW - bacteria KW - microbial interactions Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01044 SN - 1664-302X VL - Volume 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mensah, Henry A1 - Bedu-Addo, Kenneth T1 - Analysis of the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats of Forest Management Institutions: A Case of Wassa East and West Districts in Ghana T2 - International Research Journal of Environmental Sciences Y1 - 2016 UR - http://www.isca.in/IJENS/Archive/v5/i6/9.ISCA-IRJEvS-2016-039.pdf SN - 2319-1414 VL - 5 IS - 6 SP - 57 EP - 62 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mensah, Henry A1 - Ofori-Kuragu, Martha A1 - Kombat, Alex Moyen T1 - Implementation Challenges of Ghana's Forest Policy: A Case of Wassa Amenfi West and East Districts T2 - Universal Journal of Environmental Research and Technology Y1 - 2015 UR - www.environmentaljournal.org/5-6/ujert-5-6-3.pdf SN - 2249-0256 VL - 5 IS - 6 SP - 285 EP - 294 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ofori-Kuragu, Martha A1 - Kombat, Alex Moyem A1 - Mensah, Henry T1 - The Feasibility of REDD+ Implementation in Ghana: A Case of Three Farming Communities T2 - Universal Journal of Environmental Research and Technology Y1 - 2016 UR - www.environmentaljournal.org/6-2/ujert-6-2-2.pdf SN - 2249-0256 VL - 6 IS - 2 SP - 54 EP - 72 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Chirambo, Dumisani T1 - Towards the achievement of SDG 7 in sub-Saharan Africa: Creating synergies between Power Africa, Sustainable Energy for All and climate finance in order to achieve universal energy access before 2030 T2 - Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2018.06.025 SN - 1879-0690 SN - 1364-0321 VL - 94 SP - 600 EP - 608 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Chirambo, Dumisani T1 - Addressing the renewable energy financing gap in Africa to promote universal energy access: Integrated renewable energy financing in Malawi T2 - Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.05.046 SN - 1879-0690 SN - 1364-0321 VL - 62 SP - 793 EP - 803 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Chirambo, Dumisani T1 - The Climate Finance and Energy Investment Dilemma in Africa Lacking amidst Plenty T2 - Journal of Developing Societies Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/0169796X14545581 SN - 1745-2546 SN - 0169-796X VL - 30 IS - 4 SP - 415 EP - 440 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Chirambo, Dumisani T1 - Moving past the rhetoric: Policy considerations that can make Sino-African relations to improve Africa's climate change resilience and the attainment of the sustainable development goals T2 - Advances in Climate Change Research Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.accre.2016.11.002 SN - 1674-9278 VL - 7 IS - 4 SP - 253 EP - 263 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kjellström, Erik A1 - Nikulin, Grigory A1 - Strandberg, Gustav A1 - Bøssing Christensen, Ole A1 - Jacob, Daniela A1 - Keuler, Klaus A1 - Lenderink, Geert A1 - Meijgaard, Erik van A1 - Schär, Christoph A1 - Somot, Samuel T1 - European climate change at global mean temperature increases of 1.5 and 2°C above pre-industrial conditions as simulated by the EURO-CORDEX regional climate models T2 - Earth System Dynamics Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-9-459-2018 SN - 2190-4987 N1 - viele weitere Autoren IS - 9 SP - 459 EP - 478 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rathmann, Katharina A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Hurrelmann, Klaus A1 - Kiess, Wieland A1 - Richter, Matthias T1 - Is being a “small fish in a big pond” bad for students´ psychosomatic health? A multilevel study on the role of class-level school performance T2 - BMC Public Health N2 - Background. Features of schools and classes are closely related to students´ health and wellbeing. However, class composition (e.g. in terms of school performance) has rarely been examined in relation to students´ health and wellbeing. This study focuses on the so called Big-Fish-Little-Pond-Effect (BFLPE), by investigating whether the level of high-performing students in classroom is negatively associated with psychosomatic complaints of students who perceive themselves as poor performers. Methods. Data were derived from the German sample of the WHO-Collaborative “Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC)” study 2013/2014. The sample included 5226 11-, 13- and 15-year-old students. Individual perceived school performance (PSP) was included (very good/good vs. average/below average PSP) at the individual student-level. At the class-level, school performance in class was generated by aggregating the share (in percentage) of students who report a very good/good PSP to the class-level, indicating the percentage of students with good/very good PSP in classroom. Using multilevel regression models, the association between class-level school performance (in percentage of students with very good/good PSP) and individual psychosomatic complaints were analyzed, stratified by students´ individual PSP. Results. Students who report average/below average PSP showed higher likelihoods of psychosomatic complaints (Odds Ratio: 1.75; 95% Confidence Interval: 1.52–2.03) compared to counterparts with very good/good PSP. The aggregated class-level PSP was not significantly associated with psychosomatic complaints. However, in line with the BFLPE, results further revealed that students with average/below average PSP, who attend classes with a higher percentage of students who report very good/good PSP, had higher likelihoods of psychosomatic complaints (Odds Ratio: 1.91; 95% Confidence Interval: 1.01–4.01) compared to classmates with very good/good PSP. Conclusions. This study revealed that class composition in terms of PSP was differentially associated with students´ psychosomatic complaints, depending on their individual PSP. Findings highlight the vulnerability of students with poor PSP placed in classes with a higher percentage of students with good PSP. Results of this study therefore indicate a need for initiatives for low performing students from teachers and school staff in class. KW - School performance KW - Reference group effects KW - Health complaints KW - BFLPE KW - Multilevel analysis KW - HBSC Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5977-5 SN - 1471-2458 VL - 18 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rathmann, Katharina A1 - Vockert, Theres A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Gebhardt, Markus A1 - Hurrelmann, Klaus T1 - Self-rated health and wellbeing among school-aged children with and without special educational needs: Differences between mainstream and special schools T2 - Research in Developmental Disabilities N2 - Background. Studies among students with special educational needs (SEN) in separate special schools (SSS) and mainstream schools (MS) are particularly applicable to educational attainment and social participation. However, indicators of health and wellbeing have rarely been considered. Aims. This study investigates two related topics: first, health and wellbeing differences between students with SEN in special schools (SSS) and students without SEN in regular schools, and second, the rarely considered question whether health and wellbeing among students with SEN differ between school settings (i.e. MS vs. SSS). Methods and procedures. Bivariate and multilevel analyses are applied with data from the German National Educational Panel Study (NEPS) with 5267 students (grade 7). Outcomes and results. After having controlled for background characteristics, students in SSS report higher likelihoods of poor self-rated health compared to students in higher track schools. Self-rated health of students with SEN does not significantly differ between MS vs. SSS. For life satisfaction, students with SEN show higher likelihoods of low life satisfaction when attending MS. Conclusions and implications. Teachers in inclusive settings are encouraged to establish class work and teaching that support a real change from class placement to inclusive culture in order to suitably support students with SEN. KW - Self-rated health KW - Life satisfaction KW - Special educational needs KW - Inclusion KW - Multilevel modeling KW - NEPS Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2018.04.021 SN - 0891-4222 SN - 1873-3379 VL - 81 SP - 134 EP - 142 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pickenhain, Sabine A1 - Burtchen, Angie T1 - Regulator Problems on Unbounded Domains : Stationarity–Optimal Control–Asymptotic Controllability T2 - Vietnam Journal of Mathematics N2 - In this paper, we consider a class of infinite horizon variational and control problems arising from economics, quantum mechanics, and stabilization. Herein, we assume that the objective is of regulator type. The problem setting implies a weighted Sobolev space as the state space. For this class of problems, we establish necessary optimality conditions in a form of a Pontryagin type maximum principle. A duality concept of convex analysis is provided and used to find sufficient optimality conditions and to motivate a dual approximation scheme. We apply the theoretical results to find an asymptotically stabilizing control for a linearized Lotka–Volterra type system. KW - Weighted functional spaces KW - Optimal control KW - Asymptotic controllability KW - Infinite horizon Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10013-018-0304-0 SN - 2305-2228 VL - 46 IS - 4 SP - 837 EP - 861 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Brinkert, Katharina A1 - Richter, Matthias A1 - Akay, Ömer A1 - Giersig, Michael A1 - Fountaine, Katherine T. A1 - Lewerenz, Hans-Joachim T1 - Advancing semiconductor-electrocatalyst systems: application of surface transformation films and nanosphere lithography T2 - Faraday Discussions N2 - Photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells offer the possibility of carbon-neutral solar fuel production through artificial photosynthesis. The pursued design involves technologically advanced III–V semiconductor absorbers coupled via an interfacial film to an electrocatalyst layer. These systems have been prepared by in situ surface transformations in electrochemical environments. High activity nanostructured electrocatalysts are required for an efficiently operating cell, optimized in their optical and electrical properties. We demonstrate that shadow nanosphere lithography (SNL) is an auspicious tool to systematically create three-dimensional electrocatalyst nanostructures on the semiconductor photoelectrode through controlling their morphology and optical properties. First results are demonstrated by means of the photoelectrochemical production of hydrogen on p-type InP photocathodes where hitherto applied photoelectrodeposition and SNL-deposited Rh electrocatalysts are compared based on their J–V and spectroscopic behavior. We show that smaller polystyrene particle masks achieve higher defect nanostructures of rhodium on the photoelectrode which leads to a higher catalytic activity and larger short circuit currents. Structural analyses including HRSEM and the analysis of the photoelectrode surface composition by using photoelectron spectroscopy support and complement the photoelectrochemical observations. The optical performance is further compared to theoretical models of the nanostructured photoelectrodes on light scattering and propagation. KW - shadow nanosphere lithography (SNL) KW - electrocatalyst nanostructures KW - Rh electrocatalysts KW - InP photocathodes Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/C8FD00003D SN - 1359-6640 SN - 1364-5498 VL - 208 SP - 523 EP - 535 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Bauriegel, Albrecht A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Formation, Classification, and Properties of Soils at Two Relict Charcoal Hearth Sites in Brandenburg, Germany T2 - Frontiers in Environmental Science N2 - Historical charcoal production can have significant effects on soil properties. We studied soils at former charcoal production sites (relict charcoal hearths, RCHs) and compared these soils with undisturbed soil next to the charcoal hearths and four typical soils on similar parent material located at distances between 10 and 70 km from the RCHs. In a landscape typical of the northern German lowland, we found Podsolige Braunerde [WRB: Brunic Arenosols (Protospodic)] outside of the RCHs and soils with a clearly different stratigraphy within the RCHs. The main feature of the soils at both of the studied RCHs is a heterogeneous, charcoal-bearing deposit that is ~30 cm thick. No indications of translocation or mineral transformation processes, which form distinct soil horizons after the deposition of anthropogenic material on the RCHs, are present. Except for the differences in color and total carbon content, the soil chemistry of the RCHs hardly differs from that of the soil outside of the charcoal hearth sites. The soil colors and magnetic susceptibility values strongly suggest that the RCH substrates and the underlying topsoil were affected by thermally induced transformation of iron (hydr-)oxides. Although the charring procedure normally requires ~2 weeks, the heating effect only reaches to a maximum depth of 8 cm into the buried soil below the charcoal hearths. The presence of reddish soil and an abrupt increase in magnetic susceptibility in the upper 2 cm of the soil below the charcoal hearths indicate the heat-induced transformation of iron (hydr-)oxides into maghemite. Brighter soil color and an increase in soil organic matter (SOM) in the lower parts of the buried topsoil demonstrate the combustion of SOM up to 5 cm depth below the RCH. According to the German Guidelines for Soil Mapping, the soils in the RCHs are classified as Regosols above Braunerde [WRB: Spolic Technosols (Arenic)]. However, because the anthropogenic features of these soil sediments are disregarded in the German Guidelines for Soil Mapping, we suggest adapting the “M” horizon to permit a jM horizon. Thus, the soils in the RCHs could be classified as Kolluviale Braunerde. Y1 - 2018 UR - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2018.00094/full U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2018.00094 SN - 2296-665X VL - 6 SP - 1 EP - 15 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vierhaus, Ingmar A1 - van Veldhuizen, Roel A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin T1 - Strategic Uncertainty in Markets for Non-renewable Resources: a Level-k Approach T2 - Discrete dynamics in nature and society Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/2768045 SN - 1607-887X SN - 1026-0226 VL - 2017 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nomani, Mohammad Asim A1 - Ali, Irfan A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin A1 - Ahmed, Aquil T1 - A Fuzzy Goal Programming Approach to Analyze Sustainable Development Goals of India T2 - Applied Economics Letters Y1 - 2017 SN - 1350-4851 VL - 24 IS - 7 SP - 443 EP - 447 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bradler, Katharina T1 - "Komm, wir wollen ein wenig miteinander musizieren" In Hermann Hesses Spätwerk "Das Glasperlenspiel" lässt der Lehrer die Musik selbst sprechen T2 - Üben & musizieren KW - Quelle KW - Hesse KW - Musizieren Y1 - 2018 UR - https://uebenundmusizieren.de/artikel/komm-wir-wollen-ein-wenig-miteinander-musizieren/ SN - 0174-6065 IS - 4 SP - 36 EP - 37 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reichardt, Christina A1 - Utgenannt, Stephan A1 - Stahmann, Klaus-Peter A1 - Klepel, Olaf A1 - Barig, Susann T1 - Highly stable adsorptive and covalent immobilization of Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase on tailor-made porous carbon material T2 - Biochemical Engineering Journal N2 - Hierarchically structured, porous carbon materials (PCM) were synthesized by sucrose infiltration into template material and subsequent carbonization. Three porous carbon materials were prepared using porous concrete (PCM-01) or silica gel (PCM-02 and 03) as template. Carbon particles from 125 to 200 μm were generated. Surface carboxylic group density was determined with 1.1 mmol/g dry material for each variant. Firstly, tailor-made PCM was evaluated as suitable support for lipase immobilization. Recombinant produced lipase of Thermomyces lanuginosus (TLL) was used as model enzyme. Two independent crude immobilization strategies were applied. Residual activities of up to 8.6 U/g and 31 U/g dry material for adsorptive and covalent immobilization (linkage via EDC) were achieved, respectively. Additionally, TLL was immobilized on commercially available polymethacrylate support showing similar residual lipase activities. Secondly, covalent immobilization was optimized to generate reproducible, highly stable and active immobilizates. Optimized covalent immobilizates showed residual activities of up to 10 U∙g⁻¹ dry carbon material using p-nitrophenyl-palmitate assay and protein loads of up to 45 mg g⁻¹dry carbon material. Covalent bound TLL-PCM showed storage stability for 12 months, remaining 100% of the initial activity. Operational stability resulted in stable and 100% active immobilizates over five consecutive cycles of use. Experiments showed that tailor-made porous carbon material is a promising support for lipase immobilization, which is adaptable in shape and dimension. KW - Lipase KW - Covalent immobilization KW - Adsorption KW - Carbon material Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bej.2018.07.003 SN - 1873-295X IS - 138 SP - 63 EP - 73 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klepel, Olaf A1 - Lange, Felix A1 - Utgenannt, Stephan T1 - Oxidation of sulfurous acid on carbon catalysts as a test reaction revisited: potential and limitations T2 - Chemical engineering & technology Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ceat.201800227 SN - 1521-4125 SN - 0930-7516 VL - 41 IS - 10 SP - 2087 EP - 2092 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Borcia, Rodica A1 - Bestehorn, Michael A1 - Uhlig, Sebastian A1 - Gaudet, Matthieu A1 - Schenk, Harald T1 - Liquid pumping induced by transverse forced vibrations of an elastic beam: A lubrication approach T2 - Physical Review Fluids N2 - Two liquid pumps are investigated theoretically and numerically: a single thin liquid layer actuated by a periodic force at an elastic beam and a two-layer geometry actuated by an elastic beam. For the second geometry, the beam actuates the liquid from both sides. For both pumps, the liquid film thickness is small compared to the lateral characteristic length of the system. A lubrication theory is developed. The Euler-Bernoulli equation for transverse deformations of an elastic beam is coupled to the fundamental hydrodynamic equations: the Navier-Stokes equation and a continuity equation in the long-wave approximation. In this way, one connects the transverse displacement of the beam with the hydrodynamic quantities (pressure, velocity fields, and flow rates). Appropriate boundary conditions incorporate the function of the valves. The derivation of the theoretical model is followed by numerical simulations. We estimate flow rates (in two and three spatial dimensions) for different system parameters and we compute the efficiency of a well-designed liquid pump. KW - Microfluidic devices KW - Thin fluid films Y1 - 2018 UR - https://journals.aps.org/prfluids/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.3.084202 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.3.084202 SN - 2469-990X VL - 3 IS - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ring, Uwe A1 - Fischer, Peter A1 - Jost, Gregor A1 - Winkelmann, Ralf T1 - Expositionsreduzierte Herstellung korrosionsbeständiger Beschichtungen T2 - WOMAG: Kompetenz in Werkstoff und funktioneller Oberfläche N2 - Das Lichtbogen-Draht-Spritzen mit Zink (Zn)-Basis-Werkstoffen ist eine gängige Technologie zur Herstellung korrosionsbeständiger Beschichtungen. Die hergestellten Schichten haben sich bei einer Vielzahl moderater korrosiver Beanspruchungen bewährt. Weniger positiv wird die Technologie hinsichtlich der Overspray-Verluste und der Belastung der Ausführenden sowie der Umwelt durch Zink-Rauch beurteilt. Um diese Nachteile zu reduzieren und gleichzeitig die Korrosionsbeständigkeit der Beschichtungen zu erhöhen, wurden das Flüssigkeitsspritzen entwickelt und neue Werkstoffe qualifiziert. Es galt, eine geeignete Apparatur zu konzipieren, zu konstruieren, zu fertigen und zu erproben. Die Prozesstemperatur war unterhalb der Sublimationstemperatur des Zusatzwerkstoffes einzustellen. Es wurden Spritzparameter bestimmt, die zu hoch duktilen, sehr dichten und korrosionsbeständigen Schichten führten. Die Overspray-Verluste liegen deutlich unter 20 % und die Emission von Zink-Rauch ist extrem gering. Dieses Verfahren bietet sehr gute Voraussetzungen dafür, auch nicht zu Drähten verarbeitbare Werkstoffe für die Herstellung gespritzter Schichten nutzen zu können. Somit wird die Palette spritzbarer Werkstoffe deutlich erweitert und den Forderungen nach höherer Korrosionsbeständigkeit der Beschichtung besser entsprochen. N2 - Arc-wire-spraying applying zinc based materials is a commonly used technology to create corrosion-resistant coatings. The layers produced have proven itselves with a variety of moderate corrosive stresses. The technology is assessed as less positive in terms of overspray losses and load on the operators and the environment by zinc smoke. To reduce these disadvantages while enhancing corrosion resistance of these coatings liquid spraying was developed and new materials were qualified. For this purpose, a suitable apparatus was designed, constructed, manufactured and tested. The process temperature could be set below the sublimation temperature of the filler material. Spraying parameters were determined that resulted in highly ductile, very dense and corrosion resistant layers. The overspray losses are well below 20% and the emission of zinc smoke is extremely low. This procedure offers good conditions for using even non-wire workable materials for the production of sprayed coatings. Thus, the range of sprayable materials is significantly expanded and the demands for higher corrosion resistance of the coating are met better. KW - Zinkbeschichtung KW - Expositionsreduziert KW - Korrosionsschutz Y1 - 2018 UR - https://www.wotech-technical-media.de/womag/ausgabe/2018/09/September.php SN - 2195-5905 VL - 7 IS - 9 SP - 22 EP - 24 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Börndörfer, Ralf A1 - Klug, Torsten A1 - Schlechte, Thomas A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin A1 - Schang, Thilo A1 - Schülldorf, Hanno T1 - The Freight Train Routing Problem for Congested Railway Networks with Mixed Traffic T2 - Transportation Science Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2015.0656 SN - 1526-5447 SN - 0041-1655 VL - 50 IS - 2 SP - 363 EP - 761 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Humpola, Jesco A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin T1 - Convex reformulations for solving a nonlinear network design problem T2 - Computational Optimization and Applications Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10589-015-9756-2 SN - 1573-2894 SN - 0926-6003 VL - 62 IS - 3 SP - 717 EP - 759 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stieber, Anke A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin A1 - Epp, Maria A1 - Knapp, Matthias A1 - Rothe, Hendrik T1 - The multiple traveling salesmen problem with moving targets T2 - Optimization Letters Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11590-014-0835-6 SN - 1862-4472 SN - 1862-4480 VL - 9 IS - 8 SP - 1569 EP - 1583 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bornhofen, Tobias A1 - Wannemacher, Viola A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin A1 - Kittler, Wolfgang T1 - Optimierung des Schülerverkehrs durch Schulzeitstaffelung T2 - Der Nahverkehr Y1 - 2015 SN - 0722-8287 VL - 33 IS - 04 SP - 19 EP - 24 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Caprara, Sergio A1 - Grilli, Marco A1 - Raimondi, Roberto T1 - On the Evaluation of the Spin Galvanic Effect in Lattice Models with Rashba Spin-Orbit Coupling T2 - Condensed matter N2 - The spin galvanic effect (SGE) describes the conversion of a non-equilibrium spin polarization into a charge current and has recently attracted renewed interest due to the large conversion efficiency observed in oxide interfaces. An important factor in the SGE theory is disorder which ensures the stationarity of the conversion. Through this paper, we propose a procedure for the evaluation of the SGE on disordered lattices which can also be readily implemented for multiband systems. We demonstrate the performance of the method for a single-band Rashba model and compare our results with those obtained within the self-consistent Born approximation for a continuum model. KW - spintronics KW - spin-galvanic effect KW - lattice models Y1 - 2018 UR - http://www.mdpi.com/2410-3896/3/3/22 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/condmat3030022 SN - 2410-3896 VL - 3 IS - 33 SP - 1 EP - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Janowitz, Christoph T1 - Ionicity of ZnO - a key system for transparent conductive oxides T2 - epl : a letters journal exploring the frontiers of physics N2 - The electronic structure of ZnO is dominated by coexisting electron and ionic states/bonds caused by charge polarization and self-trapping phenomena of the valence charges. Their interplay manifests itself in intrinsic electronic defects which have different degree of spatial localization and electronic correlation. The relative abundance of intrinsic defects can be determined by the ionicity factor fi and its value can be derived from three independent experimental procedures in a consistent way. This approach also explains the complex satellite features in the XPS and XAS data. Ionicity and satellite formation are two experimental findings which can be explained consistently in the same context of mixed-atomic valence states and intrinsic electronic defects. KW - Ionicity KW - zinc oxide (ZnO) KW - resonant photoelectron spectroscopy KW - defect states KW - transparent conductive oxide (TCO) Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/123/27003 SN - 1286-4854 SN - 0295-5075 VL - 123 IS - 2 SP - 27003-p1 EP - 27003-p7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meier, Martin A1 - Jongmanns, Marcel A1 - Meyer, Antoine A1 - Seelig, Torsten A1 - Egbers, Christoph A1 - Mutabazi, Innocent T1 - Flow Pattern and Heat Transfer in a Cylindrical Annulus Under 1 g and Low-g Conditions: Experiments T2 - Microgravity science and technology : international journal for microgravity research and applications Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12217-018-9649-y SN - 1875-0494 SN - 0938-0108 VL - 30 IS - 5 SP - 699 EP - 712 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Engelbrecht, Steffen A1 - Mozooni, Mohammad A1 - Rathsack, Kristina A1 - Böllmann, Jörg A1 - Martienssen, Marion T1 - Effect of increasing salinity to adapted and non-adapted Anammox biofilms T2 - Environmental Technology N2 - The Anammox process is an efficient low energy alternative for the elimination of nitrogen from wastewater. The process is already in use for side stream applications. However, some industrial wastewaters, e.g. from textile industry are highly saline. This may be a limit for the application of the Anammox process. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different NaCl concentrations on the efficiency of adapted and non-adapted Anammox biofilms. The tested NaCl concentrations ranged from 0 to 50 g NaCl*L⁻¹. Concentrations below 30 g NaCl*L⁻¹did not significantly result in different nitrogen removal rates between adapted and non-adapted bacteria. However, adapted bacteria were significantly more resilient to salt at higher concentrations (40 and 50g NaCl*L⁻¹). The IC50 for adapted and non-adapted Anammox bacteria were 19.99 and 20.30 g NaCl*L⁻¹, respectively. Whereas adapted biomass depletes the nitrogen in ratios of NO-₂/NH+₄ around 1.20 indicating a mainly Anammox-driven consumption of the nitrogen, the ratio increases to 2.21 at 40 g NaCl*L⁻¹ for non-adapted biomass. This indicates an increase of other processes like denitrification. At lower NaCL concentrations up to 10 g NaCl*L⁻¹, a stimulating effect of NaCl to the Anammox process has been observed. KW - Adapted KW - Anammox KW - Biofilm KW - Non-adapted KW - Salinity Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/09593330.2018.1455748 SN - 0959-3330 SN - 1479-487X VL - 40 IS - 22 SP - 2880 EP - 2888 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zaussinger, Florian A1 - Haun, Peter A1 - Neben, Matthias A1 - Seelig, Torsten A1 - Travnikov, Vadim A1 - Egbers, Christoph A1 - Yoshikawa, Harunori A1 - Mutabazi, Innocent T1 - Dielectrically driven convection in spherical gap geometry T2 - Physical Review Fluids Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.3.093501 SN - 2469-990X VL - 3 IS - 9 SP - 093501-1 EP - 093501-17 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Çaldichoury, Iñaki A1 - Souli, Mhamed A1 - Sarradj, Ennes A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Del Pin, Facundo T1 - Numerical investigation of flow around hairy flaps cylinder using FSI Capabilities T2 - The International journal of multiphysics Y1 - 2018 SN - 2048-3961 SN - 1750-9548 VL - 12 IS - 2 SP - 189 EP - 208 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hendler, Marco A1 - Bestle, Dieter A1 - Flassig, Peter Michael T1 - Component-specific Engine Design Taking into Account Holistic Design Aspects T2 - International Journal of Turbomachinery, Propulsion and Power Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ijtpp3020012 SN - 2504-186X N1 - This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from the 17th International Symposium on Transport Phenomena and Dynamics of Rotating Machinery VL - 3 IS - 2 SP - 1 EP - 16 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Craparo, Emily M. A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin A1 - Hof, Christoph A1 - Karatas, Mumtaz T1 - Optimizing Source and Receiver Placements in Multistatic Sonar Networks to Monitor Fixed Targets T2 - European Journal of Operational Research Y1 - 2019 SN - 0377-2217 VL - 272 IS - 3 SP - 816 EP - 831 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Momoh, Abdulfatai A. A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin T1 - Optimal Control of Intervention Strategies and Cost Effectiveness Analysis for a Zika Virus Model T2 - Operations Research for Health Care Y1 - 2018 SN - 2211-6923 VL - 18 SP - 99 EP - 111 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gupta, Srikant A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin A1 - Ali, Irfan T1 - A Multi-Criteria Goal Programming Model to Analyze the Sustainable Goals of India T2 - Sustainability Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/su10030778 SN - 2071-1050 VL - 10 IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vierhaus, Ingmar A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin A1 - Gottwald, Robert A1 - Grösser, Stefan T1 - Using white-box nonlinear optimization methods in system dynamics policy improvement T2 - System Dynamics Review Y1 - 2018 SN - 1099-1727 VL - 33 IS - 2 SP - 138 EP - 168 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berens, Eva-Maria A1 - Mohwinkel, Lea-Marie A1 - Eckert, Sandra van A1 - Reder, Maren A1 - Kolip, Petra A1 - Spallek, Jacob T1 - Uptake of Gynecological Cancer Screening and Performance of Breast Self-Examination Among 50-Year-Old Migrant and Non-migrant Women in Germany: Results of a Cross-Sectional Study (InEMa) T2 - Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health N2 - Our aim was to provide data regarding uptake of gynecological early detection measures and performance of breast self-examinations among migrant women in Germany. Cross-sectional self-reported data were collected using paper-and-pencil questionnaires. Descriptive analyses, Chi square-tests, and logistic regression were applied. Results were adjusted for educational level. Of 5387 women, 89.9% were autochthonous, 4.1% German resettlers, 2.8% Turkish, 3.1% other migrants. Participation rates regarding cancer screening differed significantly, with the lowest proportion in Turkish migrants (65.0%), resettlers (67.8%), other migrants (68.2%) and autochthonous population (78.2%). No differences in performance of breast self-examinations were detected. When adjusted for education, results indicated only slight changes in the odds to participate in screening irregularly or not at all. Results support existing evidence by showing lower participation rates in cancer screening among migrant women, but there were no differences regarding breast self-examinations. Migrant women form a potential high-risk group for late-stage diagnosis of cervical or breast cancer. KW - Migrants KW - Non-migrants KW - Cervical and breast cancer KW - Cancer screening KW - Participation KW - Performance KW - Uptake Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-018-0785-7 SN - 1557-1920 VL - 21 IS - 3 SP - 674 EP - 677 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Neudert, Regina A1 - Olschofsky, Konstantin A1 - Kübler, Daniel A1 - Prill, Laura A1 - Köhl, Michael A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - Opportunity costs of conserving a dry tropical forest under REDD+: The case of the spiny dry forest in southwestern Madagascar T2 - Forest Policy and Economics Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forpol.2018.07.013 SN - 1389-9341 SN - 1872-7050 VL - 95 SP - 102 EP - 114 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin A1 - Hayn, Christine A1 - Michaels, Dennis T1 - Mixed-Integer Linear Methods for Layout-Optimization of Screening Systems in Recovered Paper Production T2 - Optimization and Engineering Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11081-014-9249-7 SN - 1389-4420 SN - 1573-2924 VL - 15 IS - 2 SP - 533 EP - 573 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schrimpf, Anne A1 - McGarvey, Stephen A1 - Haun, Daniel A1 - Kube, Jana A1 - Villringer, Arno A1 - Gaebler, Michael T1 - Socio-cultural norms of body size in Westerners and Polynesians affect heart rate variability and emotion during social interactions T2 - Culture and Brain Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s40167-018-0071-5 SN - 2193-8660 VL - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meemken, Marie Theres A1 - Kube, Jana A1 - Wickner, Carolin A1 - Horstmann, Annette T1 - Keeping track of promised rewards: Obesity predicts enhanced flexibility when learning from observation T2 - Appetite Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2018.08.029 SN - 1095-8304 SN - 0195-6663 VL - 131 SP - 117 EP - 124 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knorr, Alexander G. A1 - Gravot, Céline M. A1 - Gordy, Clayton A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Straka, Hans T1 - I spy with my little eye: a simple behavioral assay to test color sensitivity on digital displays T2 - Biology Open Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1242/bio.035725 SN - 2046-6390 VL - 7 IS - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Humpola, Jesco A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin A1 - Lehmann, Thomas T1 - A primal heuristic for optimizing the topology of gas networks based on dual information T2 - EURO Journal on Computational Optimization Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s13675-014-0029-0 SN - 2192-4414 SN - 2192-4406 VL - 3 IS - 1 SP - 53 EP - 78 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pfetsch, Marc E. A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin A1 - Geißler, Björn A1 - Geißler, Nina A1 - Gollmer, Ralf A1 - Hiller, Benjamin A1 - Humpola, Jesco A1 - Koch, Thorsten A1 - Lehmann, Thomas A1 - Martin, Alexander A1 - Morsi, Antonio A1 - Rövekamp, Jessica A1 - Schewe, Lars A1 - Schmidt, Martin A1 - Schultz, Rüdiger A1 - Schwarz, Robert A1 - Schweiger, Jonas A1 - Stangl, Claudia A1 - Steinbach, Marc C. A1 - Vigerske, Stefan A1 - Willert, Bernhard M. T1 - Validation of Nominations in Gas Network Optimization: Models, Methods, and Solutions T2 - Optimization Methods and Software Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/10556788.2014.888426 SN - 1055-6788 SN - 1029-4937 VL - 30 IS - 1 SP - 15 EP - 53 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tschumi, Matthias A1 - Ekroos, Johan A1 - Hjort, Cecilia A1 - Smith, Henrik G. A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Predation‐mediated ecosystem services and disservices in agricultural landscapes T2 - Ecological Applications Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.1799 SN - 1939-5582 VL - 28 IS - 8 SP - 2109 EP - 2118 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sizova, Irina A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Hot workability and microstructure evolution of pre-forms for forgings produced by additive manufacturing T2 - Journal of Materials Processing Technology Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2018.02.017 SN - 0924-0136 VL - 256 SP - 154 EP - 159 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kot, Małgorzata A1 - Kegelmann, Lukas A1 - Das, Chittaranjan A1 - Kus, Peter A1 - Tsud, Nataliya A1 - Matolínová, Iva A1 - Albrecht, Steve A1 - Matolin, Vladimir A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Room temperature atomic layer deposited Al₂O₃ improves perovskite solar cells efficiency over time T2 - ChemSusChem N2 - Electrical characterisation of perovskite solar cells consisting of room-temperature atomic-layer-deposited aluminium oxide (RT-ALD-Al₂O₃) film on top of a methyl ammonium lead triiodide (CH₃NH₃PbI₃) absorber showed excellent stability of the power conversion efficiency (PCE) over along time. Under the same environmental conditions (for 355 d), the average PCE of solar cells without the ALD layer decreased from 13.6 to 9.6 %, whereas that of solar cells containing 9 ALD cycles of depositing RT-ALD-Al₂O₃on top of CH₃NH₃PbI₃ increased from 9.4 to 10.8 %. Spectromicroscopic investigations of the ALD/perovskite interface revealed that the maximum PCE with the ALD layer is obtained when the so-called perovskite cleaning process induced by ALD precursors is complete. The PCE enhancement over time is probably related to a self-healing process induced by the RT-ALD-Al₂O₃ film. This work may provide a new direction for further improving the long-term stability and performance of perovskite solar cells. KW - Perovskite Solar Cells (PSCs) KW - Atomic layer deposition (ALD) KW - long time stabilty KW - X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) KW - Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201801434 SN - 1864-5631 SN - 1864-564X VL - 11 IS - 20 SP - 3640 EP - 3648 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Efimova, Anastasia A1 - Varga, Janos A1 - Matuschek, Georg A1 - Saraji-Bozorgzad, Mohammad R. A1 - Denner, Thomas A1 - Zimmermann, Ralf A1 - Schmidt, Peer T1 - Thermal Resilience of Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids—Studies on Short- and Long-Term Thermal Stability and Decomposition Mechanism of 1-Alkyl-3-methylimidazolium Halides by Thermal Analysis and Single-Photon Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry T2 - Journal of Physical Chemistry B N2 - Ionic liquids are often considered as green alternatives of volatile organic solvents. The thermal behavior of the ionic liquids is relevant for a number of emerging large-scale applications at elevated temperature. Knowledge about the degradation products is indispensable for treatment and recycling of the used ionic liquids. The objective of this paper was an investigation of the short- and long-term stability of several 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium halides, determination of the degradation products, and the elucidation of their decomposition patterns and structure–stability relations. Short-term stability and mechanism of thermal degradation were investigated by a self-developed, innovative thermal analysis single-photon ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry device with Skimmer coupling. The applied technology provides real-time monitoring of the forming species and allows tracing their change during the course of the decomposition. Therein, the almost fragment-free soft ionization with vacuum ultraviolet photons plays a crucial role. We have detected unfragmented molecules whose formation was only assumed by electron ionization. Nevertheless, the main decomposition products of the selected ionic liquids were alkyl imidazoles, alkenes, alkyl halides, and hydrogen halides. From the decomposition products, we have deduced the fragmentation patterns and discussed their interrelation with the length of the alkyl chain and the type of the halide anion. Our results did not suggest the evaporation of the investigated ionic liquids prior to their decomposition under atmospheric conditions. Long-term thermal stability and applicability were determined based on thermogravimetric analysis evaluated with a kinetic model. Thus, the time-dependent maximum operation temperature (MOT) for the respective ionic liquids has been calculated. As a rule, the short-term stability overestimates the long-term decomposition temperatures; the calculated MOT are significantly lower (at least 100 K) than the standardly obtained decomposition temperatures. KW - Ionic liquid KW - Thermal analysis KW - Thermal decomposition KW - Maximum operation temperature Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b06416 VL - 122 IS - 37 SP - 8738 EP - 8749 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ivanov, Sergey Y. A1 - Panchenko, Oleg V. A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Comparative analysis of non-uniformity of mechanical properties of welded joints of Al - Mg - Si alloys in friction stir welding and laser welding T2 - Metal Science and Heat Treatment N2 - The properties of the welded joints of 6082-T6 alloy produced by friction stir welding (FSW) and laser welding(LW) were studied. The maximum temperature and microhardness fields in the friction stir-welded joints were shown to be asymmetrical. The concentrated energy input during laser welding yields a narrow heat-affected zone (HAZ) with sharp changes in mechanical properties. The strength of the FSW joint constitutes 72% and that of the LWjoint—67% of the base metal strength. In case of LW, the minimum hardness of the joint corresponds to the metal of the welded joint, while in case of FSW, it corresponds to the heat-affected zone. At the same maximum heating temperature, the hardness of the heat-affected zone of the friction stir-welded joint is lower compared to laser welding due to substantially lower rates of heating and cooling. KW - friction stir welding KW - laser welding KW - Al – Mg – Si alloy KW - temperature field KW - welded joint KW - microstructure KW - mechanical properties KW - non-uniformity Y1 - 2018 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11041-018-0289-z U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11041-018-0289-z SN - 0026-0673 VL - 60 SP - 393 EP - 398 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Santhanakrishnan Balakrishnan, Venkateswaran A1 - Seidlitz, Holger A1 - Wartig, Kevin A1 - Tsombanis, Nikolas T1 - Influence of processing parameters on the impact behaviour of glass/polyamide-6 composite T2 - Composites Part B: Engineering N2 - This study aims to investigate the low-velocity impact response and post-impact flexural behaviour of glass/polyamide-6 (G/PA-6) composite. G/PA-6 composites with a layup configuration of [02,902]s were prepared via press-forming technique. Composite samples were developed using four different processing conditions, by modifying compression pressure and heating temperature. Local variations of fiber volume and porosity fraction were noticed for samples developed in each processing conditions. On the investigated samples, damages were induced by using 35 joule of drop weight impact to investigate the impact resistance of samples with respect to different processing conditions. The damage behaviour and residual flexural strength was characterized using a micro-CT and three-point bending tests respectively. Furthermore, the influence of porosity fraction on the residual flexural strength were investigated. This paper will provide necessary fundamental knowledge for future selection of processing parameters in order to have enhanced impact performance. KW - A. Polymer-matrix composites (PMCs) KW - A. Thermoplastic resin KW - B. Impact behaviour KW - B. Porosity KW - B. Fracture KW - Press forming technology Y1 - 2019 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359836818318535 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2018.09.064 SN - 1359-8368 VL - 159 SP - 292 EP - 299 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jost, Annemarie T1 - Entwicklungsunterstützung von Säuglingen und Kleinkindern T2 - Psychologieunterricht N2 - Sozialemotionale Entwicklung, Eltern-Kind-Beziehung und biologische Einflussfaktoren, letzteres am Beispiel von FASD KW - Sozialemotionale Entwicklung Y1 - 2018 SN - 1613-8139 IS - 51 SP - 16 EP - 17 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Groß, Steffen T1 - Can Cultural Property Protection Be an Effective Counter-Terrorism Instrument? T2 - The Journal of Art Crime Y1 - 2018 SN - 1947-5926 VL - 19 SP - 47 EP - 59 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Langner, Thomas A1 - Sieber, Tim A1 - Acker, Jörg T1 - Etching Shapes the Topography of Silicon Wafers: Lattice-Strain Enhanced Chemical Reactivity of Silicon for Efficient Solar Cells T2 - ACS Applied Nano Materials N2 - Multiwire sawing of silicon (Si) bricks is the state-of-the-art technology to produce multicrystalline Si solar wafers. The massive indentation of the abrasive Si carbide or diamond particles used leads to a heavily mechanically damaged layer on the wafer surface. Etching the surface layer using typical HF–HNO3–H2SiF6 acid mixtures reveals an unevenly distributed etch attack with etch rates several times higher than known for bulk Si etching. The present study follows the hypothesis that lattice strain, introduced by the sawing process, leads to an increase of the etch rate and determines the topography of the etched wafer, the so-called texture. Scratches were introduced into single crystalline Si surfaces in model experiments, and the magnitude and local distribution of lattice strain were extracted from confocal Raman microscopy measurements. The essential parameter used to describe the local reactivity of Si is the local etch rate, which was derived by confocal microscopy from the local height before and after etching. It was found that the reactivity of Si increases linearly with the magnitude of lattice strain. An increase in tensile strain raises the reactivity of Si significantly higher than an increase of compressive strain. The second decisive parameter is the reactivity of the etch mixture that correlates with the total concentration of the acid mixtures. Diluted acid mixtures with a low reactivity attack only the highest strained Si, whereas more concentrated and, therefore, more reactive acid mixtures can attack even slightly strained Si. Side effects, such as the behavior of amorphous or nanocrystalline Si and the generation of highly reactive intermediary species while etching, are discussed. The presence of unevenly distributed lattice strain of different magnitude and the resulting unevenly distributed reactivity of Si explain the features of a heterogeneous etch attack observed and the resulting topography of the etched wafer surface. KW - lattice strain KW - silicon KW - Raman microscopy KW - confocal microscopy KW - etching KW - reactivity KW - solar cell KW - mechanochemistry Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.8b00906 VL - 1 IS - 8 SP - 4135 EP - 4144 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kundzer, Alena V. A1 - Volkova, Margarita V. A1 - Bogdanos, Dimitrios Petrou A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Generalov, I. A1 - Nevinsky, G. A. A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk T1 - Deoxyribonuclease activity of polyclonal IgGs: a putative serological marker in patients with spondyloarthritides T2 - Immunologic Research N2 - Antibodies executing catalytic activity are referred to as antibody enzymes or short “abzymes” and may have diagnostic relevance. Abzymes with deoxyribonuclease (DNase) activity have been demonstrated in patients with autoimmune and infectious diseases. Despite several reports on the occurrence of DNase abzymes in systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases, conclusive data about DNase activity of antibodies in patients with spondyloarthritides (SpAs) are lacking. In recent cross-sectional studies evaluating levels of IgG DNase activity in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA), reactive arthritis (ReA), and ankylosing spondylitis (AS), DNase activity of IgG has been assessed by the rivanol clot method and confirmed by agarose gel electrophoresis. Remarkably, levels of IgG DNase activity were significantly higher in sera of SpA patients than those in control subjects. In patients with PsA, ReA, and AS, a positive correlation of DNase IgG activity with synovitis, disease activity, and stage of spondylitis was observed, respectively. Given the involvement of autoimmune reactions in cytolysis and connective tissue degradation in PsA, ReA, and to a lesser extent in AS, abzymes might have an impact on the pathophysiology of SpAs. Detection of IgG DNase activity in patients suffering from SpA represents an exciting new research field and may assist in the differential diagnosis of SpA. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12026-013-8424-9 SN - 0257-277X SN - 1559-0755 VL - 56 IS - 2-3 SP - 457 EP - 464 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Kuhl, Christoph A1 - Hiemann, Rico A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Li, Ganwu A1 - Weinreich, Jörg A1 - Berger, Enrico A1 - Nolan, Lisa K. A1 - Nicholson, Bryon A1 - Römer, Antje A1 - Frömmel, Ulrike A1 - Wieler, Lothar H. A1 - Schröder, Christian T1 - Porcine E. coli: Virulence-Associated Genes, Resistance Genes and Adhesion and Probiotic Activity Tested by a New Screening Method T2 - PLoS One N2 - We established an automated screening method to characterize adhesion of Escherichia coli to intestinal porcine epithelial cells (IPEC-J2) and their probiotic activity against infection by enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC). 104 intestinal E. coli isolates from domestic pigs were tested by PCR for the occurrence of virulence-associated genes, genes coding for resistances to antimicrobial agents and metals, and for phylogenetic origin by PCR. Adhesion rates and probiotic activity were examined for correlation with the presence of these genes. Finally, data were compared with those from 93 E. coli isolates from wild boars. Isolates from domestic pigs carried a broad variety of all tested genes and showed great diversity in gene patterns. Adhesions varied with a maximum of 18.3 or 24.2 mean bacteria adherence per epithelial cell after 2 or 6 hours respectively. Most isolates from domestic pigs and wild boars showed low adherence, with no correlation between adhesion/probiotic activity and E. coli genes or gene clusters. The gene sfa/foc, encoding for a subunit of F1C fimbriae did show a positive correlative association with adherence and probiotic activity; however E. coli isolates from wild boars with the sfa/foc gene showed less adhesion and probiotic activity than E. coli with the sfa/foc gene isolated from domestic pigs after 6 hour incubation. In conclusion, screening porcine E. coli for virulence associated genes genes, adhesion to intestinal epithelial cells, and probiotic activity revealed a single important adhesion factor, several probiotic candidates, and showed important differences between E. coli of domestic pigs and wild boars. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0059242 VL - 8 IS - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Reinhold, Dirk A1 - Werner, Leal A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Bogdanos, Dimitrios Petrou A1 - Conrad, Karsten T1 - Glycoprotein 2 antibodies in Crohn's disease. T2 - Advances in Clinical Chemistry Y1 - 2013 SN - 0065-2423 VL - 60 SP - 187 EP - 208 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bednorz, Carmen A1 - Oelschlaeger, Kathrin A1 - Kinnemann, Bianca A1 - Hartmann, Susanne A1 - Neumann, Konrad A1 - Pieper, Robert A1 - Bethe, Astrid A1 - Semmler, Torsten A1 - Tedin, Karsten A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Wieler, Lothar H. A1 - Guenther, Sebastian T1 - The broader context of antibiotic resistance: zinc feed supplementation of piglets increases the proportion of multi-resistant Escherichia coli in vivo T2 - International Journal of Medical Microbiology Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmm.2013.06.004 SN - 1618-0607 SN - 1438-4221 VL - 303 IS - 6-7 SP - 396 EP - 403 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Frömmel, Ulrike A1 - Lehmann, Werner A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Böhm, Alexander A1 - Nitschke, Jörg A1 - Weinreich, Jörg A1 - Groß, Julia A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Zinke, Olaf A1 - Ansorge, Hermann A1 - Vogel, Steffen A1 - Klemm, Per A1 - Wex, Thomas A1 - Schröder, Christian A1 - Wieler, Lothar H. A1 - Schierack, Peter T1 - Adhesion of human and animal Escherichia coli strains in association with their virulence-associated genes and phylogenetic origins T2 - Applied and environmental microbiology N2 - Intestinal colonization is influenced by the ability of the bacterium to inhabit a niche, which is based on the expression of colonization factors. Escherichia coli carries a broad range of virulence-associated genes (VAGs) which contribute to intestinal (inVAGs) and extraintestinal (exVAGs) infection. Moreover, initial evidence indicates that inVAGs and exVAGs support intestinal colonization. We developed new screening tools to genotypically and phenotypically characterize E. coli isolates originating in humans, domestic pigs, and 17 wild mammal and avian species. We analyzed 317 isolates for the occurrence of 44 VAGs using a novel multiplex PCR microbead assay (MPMA) and for adhesion to four epithelial cell lines using a new adhesion assay. We correlated data for the definition of new adhesion genes. inVAGs were identified only sporadically, particularly in roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) and the European hedgehog ( Erinaceus europaeus). The prevalence of exVAGs depended on isolation from a specific host. Human uropathogenic E. coli isolates carried exVAGs with the highest prevalence, followed by badger (Meles meles) and roe deer isolates. Adhesion was found to be very diverse. Adhesion was specific to cells, host, and tissue, though it was also unspecific. Occurrence of the following VAGs was associated with a higher rate of adhesion to one or more cell lines: afa-dra, daaD, tsh, vat, ibeA, fyuA, mat, sfa-foc, malX, pic, irp2, and papC. In summary, we established new screening methods which enabled us to characterize large numbers of E. coli isolates. We defined reservoirs for potential pathogenic E. coli. We also identified a very broad range of colonization strategies and defined potential new adhesion genes. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01384-13 SN - 1098-5336 SN - 0099-2240 VL - 79 IS - 19 SP - 5814 EP - 5829 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Hiemann, Rico A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Reinhold, Dirk A1 - Conrad, Karsten T1 - Digital immunofluorescence enables automated detection of antinuclear antibody endpoint titers avoiding serial dilution T2 - Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2013-0543 SN - 1437-4331 SN - 1434-6621 VL - 52 IS - 2 SP - e9 EP - e11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Willitzki, Annika A1 - Lorenz, Sebastian A1 - Hiemann, Rico A1 - Guttek, Karina A1 - Goihl, Alexander A1 - Hartig, Roland A1 - Conrad, Karsten A1 - Feist, Eugen A1 - Sack, Ulrich A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Heiserich, Lisa A1 - Eberle, Caroline A1 - Peters, Vanessa A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Reinhold, Dirk T1 - Fully automated analysis of chemically induced γH2AX foci in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells by indirect immunofluorescence T2 - Cytometry Part A Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cyto.a.22350 SN - 1552-4930 SN - 1552-4922 VL - 83 IS - 11 SP - 1017 EP - 1026 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bednorz, Carmen A1 - Guenther, Sebastian A1 - Oelschlaeger, Kathrin A1 - Pieper, Robert A1 - Hartmann, Susanne A1 - Tedin, Karsten A1 - Semmler, Torsten A1 - Neumann, Konrad A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Bethe, Astrid A1 - Wieler, Lothar H. A1 - Kinnemann, Bianca T1 - Feeding the Probiotic Enterococcus faecium Strain NCIMB 10415 to Piglets Specifically Reduces the Number of Escherichia coli Pathotypes That Adhere to the Gut Mucosa T2 - Applied and Environmental Microbiology Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.03138-13 SN - 0099-2240 SN - 1098-5336 VL - 79 IS - 24 SP - 7896 EP - 7904 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Frömmel, Ulrike A1 - Böhm, Alexander A1 - Nitschke, Jörg A1 - Weinreich, Jörg A1 - Groß, Julia A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Wex, Thomas A1 - Ansorge, Hermann A1 - Zinke, Olaf A1 - Schröder, Christian A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Schierack, Peter T1 - Adhesion patterns of commensal and pathogenic Escherichia coli from humans and wild animals on human and porcine epithelial cell lines T2 - Gut Pathogens N2 - Abstract BACKGROUND: Different strategies of colonization or infection by E. coli result in formation of certain adhesion patterns which help also in classifying intestinal E. coli into pathotypes. Little is known about adhesion patterns and host- and tissue adaption of commensal E. coli and about E. coli originating in clinically healthy hosts carrying pathotype-specific virulence-associated genes. FINDINGS: Adhesion pattern of E. coli (n = 282) from humans and from 18 animal species were verified on intestinal human Caco-2 and porcine IPEC-J2 cells and, furthermore, for comparison on human urinary bladder 5637, porcine kidney PK-15 epithelial and HEp-2 cells. The analysis was carried out on 150,000 images of adhesion assays.Adhesion patterns were very diverse; 88 isolates were completely non-adherent, whereas 194 adhered to at least one cell line with the dominant adhesion patterns "diffusely distributed" and "microcolony formation". Adhesion patterns "chains" and "clumps" were also visible. Chain formation was mediated by the presence of epithelial cells. Clump formation was very specific on only the 5637 cell line. All enteropathogenic (eae+) E. coli (EPEC; n = 14) were able to form microcolonies which was cell line specific for each isolate. Most EPEC formed microcolonies on intestinal IPEC-J2 and Caco-2 but several also on urinary tract cells. Shigatoxin-producing (stx+) E. coli (n = 10) showed no specific adhesion patterns. CONCLUSIONS: E. coli isolates were highly diverse. Commensal and pathogenic isolates can adhere in various forms, including diffuse distribution, microcolonies, chains and clumps. Microcolony formation seems to be a global adhesion strategy also for commensal E. coli. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/1757-4749-5-31 SN - 1757-4749 VL - 5 IS - 31 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Emdadi, Aliakbar A1 - Sizova, Irina A1 - Hecht, Ulrike A1 - Pyczak, Florian T1 - Isothermal forging of titanium aluminides without beta-phase — Using non-equilibrium phases produced by spark plasma sintering for improved hot working behavior T2 - Intermetallics Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intermet.2018.07.004 SN - 0966-9795 VL - 101 SP - 44 EP - 55 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Breckenkamp, Jürgen A1 - Kraywinkel, Klaus A1 - Schwabe, Wolfgang A1 - Krieg, Volker A1 - Greiner, Wolfgang A1 - Damm, Oliver A1 - Razum, Oliver T1 - Need for nursing care support in cancer patients: Registry-linkage study in Germany T2 - South Eastern European Journal of Public Health N2 - Aim: In Germany, very little is known about the need for assistance and nursing care support among cancer patients after hospitalization. The aim of this study was to describe nursing care support for cancer patients and to analyse whether these patients need more care assistance than other persons in need for care. Methods: This was a registry linkage study conducted in 2011. Cases were identified from the population-based cancer registry for the Muenster District in north-western Germany and in factually anonymised form linked by a semi-automatic probabilistic procedure (the standard procedure of the cancer registry) with medical examination records of patients applying for assistance and nursing care support from the regional statutory health insurance. The application records of 4,029 patients with colon, breast and prostate cancer were compared to a reference group of 13,104 non-cancer patients. Results: In only 41.7% of colon, 45.8% of breast and 37.4% of prostate cancer patients was the malignancy the main underlying diagnostic cause for the application of assistance and nursing care. These patients were on average younger (mean age 71.1 vs. 76.8 years) than the non-cancer reference group, required higher levels of support (79.5 vs. 58.1% “considerable” or higher level care need) and their applications were less likely to be rejected (odds ratios [ORs] 0.26, 0.28, and 0.31, respectively). By contrast, the proportion of successful applications and the level of support granted did not differ between multimorbid cancer patients with other main diagnoses as compared to non-cancer applicants. Conclusion: Patients with colon, breast or prostate cancer do not need per se more nursing care than non-cancer patients. Only if cancer is the main underlying diagnosis for nursing care support, higher levels of support are needed. KW - cancer patients KW - nursing care Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4119/UNIBI/SEEJPH-2018-204 SN - 2197-5248 IS - 11 SP - 1 EP - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zebinger, Markus A1 - Gierat, Marek A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Krausche, Thomas T1 - Das Seilnetzdach der Schierker Feuerstein Arena im Harz Teil 2: Herstellung, Montage und Schweißsimulation T2 - Bauingenieur N2 - Die Stadt Wernigerode in Sachsen-Anhalt errichtete im Ortsteil Schierke eine Multifunktionsarena. Am Fuße des Brockens, dem höchsten Berg des Harzes und ganz Norddeutschlands gelegen, fügt sich die offene Überdachung in die vorhandene Topologie nahtlos ein. Das unter Denkmalschutz stehende Natureisstadion, mit seinen bestehenden Natursteinterrassen und einem Schiedsrichterturm aus Holz, wurde baulich so konzipiert, dass die Arena in den Wintermonaten als überdachte Kunsteisbahn und im Sommer als Fläche für Konzerte, Aufführungen und Sportveranstaltungen genutzt werden kann. Eine ganz besondere Herausforderung war die Herstellung und Montage des circa 190m langen geschweißten Stahlrandträgers. Der Hohlkasten besteht aus vier doppelt gekrümmten Blechen und lagert an lediglich zwei Fußpunkten auf. Der zweite Teil des Beitrags befasst sich mit Schweißeigenspannungen an einem ausgewählten Querschnitt der Überdachung. Y1 - 2018 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 93 IS - 10 SP - 383 EP - 391 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stapelfeld, Christoph A1 - Launert, Benjamin A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Doynov, Nikolay A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Traglastberechnung versteifter Platten und Schalen unter Berücksichtigung realer Schweißimperfektionen T2 - Bauingenieur N2 - Imperfektionen, die bei Traglastberechnungen Berücksichtigung finden müssen, haben ihre Ursachen in Herstellungs- und Fertigungstoleranzen oder werden durch das Schweißen und den damit zumeist einhergehenden Nachbehandlungen in den Bauteilen hervorgerufen. Durch die Wärmewirkung des Schweißens entstehen sowohl sehr große Verformungen als auch signifikante Zug und Druckspannungen. Der strukturelle und geometrische Imperfektionsgrad wird somit maßgeblich von der Anzahl und der Lage der Schweißnähte sowie den Schweißparametern bestimmt. Für die Berücksichtigung in Traglastberechnungen ist ein physikalisch fundiertes Modell erforderlich, welches die Schweißimperfektionen schnell und präzise berechnet. Das gekoppelte analytisch numerische Hybridmodell erfüllt diese Kriterien. Die mathematischen Grundlagen des analytischen Modells sowie die Kopplung mit der numerischen Finite-Elemente-Berechnung werden eingangs vorgestellt und die Anwendung zur Berechnung von Verzügen an einer Schiffsektion demonstriert. Darauffolgend wird das Hybridmodell an einer eben und einer gekrümmten versteiften Platte zur Berechnung der Schweißimperfektionen angewendet. Anschließende Traglastberechnungen sowie der Vergleich mit den Ergebnissen unter der Annahme einer geometrischen Ersatzimperfektion in Form des kritischsten Eigenwerts gibt Auskunft darüber, welches Potenzial die realitätsnahe direkte Berücksichtigung von Schweißimperfektionen birgt. Y1 - 2018 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 93 IS - 10 SP - 403 EP - 411 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Döring, Daniela T1 - Ein LMI-Regionenansatz für den Entwurf von Gain-Schedulingzustandsreglern auf der Basis von Gauß'schen Radial-Basisfunktionen (A Design of Gain-scheduled Control via LMIs) T2 - at - Automatisierungstechnik Methoden und Anwendungen der Steuerungs-, Regelungs- und Informationstechnik N2 - In this paper a method from area of neuro-fuzzy-control is used, because it is a other way for realization of gain-scheduled state-feedback control. For a polytopic LPV-system the design conditions are derived in the form of finite linear matrix inequalities. In this context a calculation directive will be introduced for the scalar polytopic coordinates on the basis of the Gaussian radial basis functions. The conception will be demonstrated by means of a two-tank example. KW - LMI-Regionenansatz, Gain-Scheduling Y1 - 2002 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1524/auto.2002.50.11.522 SN - 0178-2312 IS - 11 SP - 522 EP - 532 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Groß, Michael T1 - Mobile shopping loyalty: The salient moderating role of normative and functional compatibility beliefs T2 - Technology in Society N2 - Since increasing shopper loyalty is an imperative aim for all vendors for defending or even strengthening their market position, this study explores the impact of different compatibility beliefs on m-shoppers’ loyalty by distinguishing between normative and functional aspects. For this purpose, in a first step of analysis, an integrated framework to clarify the effects of different shopping values, satisfaction, and trust on the continued use intention is designed. Then, in a second step, the moderating role of normative and functional compatibility beliefs is analysed in greater depth. The empirical results indicate two significant (normative and functional) compatibility belief impacts. First, only utilitarian and hedonic shopping value impacts consumers' satisfaction with a high level of compatibility belief, while social value and vendor trust are important for those with a low level of compatibility belief. Second, and more so than that of consumers who have a high level of compatibility expression, the m-shopping loyalty of consumers with a low level of compatibility belief is critically influenced by the shoppers' perception of vendor trust. No statistical differences are found in the relation between social values and m-vendor trust with neither a low nor high level of compatibility belief. Respecting m-shopping's novelty, this study sheds light for the first time on different m-shopping compatibility aspects by applying a moderating analysis. The results verify the salient power of different levels of compatibility belief over m-shopper loyalty. Hence, the study contributes to the body of research on a multidimensional understanding of compatibility issues for enhancing m-shopping loyalty and thus has useful managerial implications too. KW - Mobile Shopping KW - Mobile shopper KW - Loyalty KW - Shopper loyalty KW - Compatibility belief KW - Moderator analysis KW - Normative and functional viewpoint KW - Mobile shopping loyalty KW - M-shopping Y1 - 2018 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160791X18300319 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2018.07.005 SN - 0160-791X VL - 55 SP - 146 EP - 159 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grönke, Martin A1 - Schmidt, Peer A1 - Valldor, Martin A1 - Oswald, Steffen A1 - Wolf, Daniel A1 - Lubk, Axel A1 - Büchner, Bernd A1 - Hampel, Silke T1 - Chemical vapor growth and delamination of α-RuCl3 nanosheets down to the monolayer limit T2 - Nanoscale N2 - 2D layered honeycomb magnet α-ruthenium(III) chloride (α-RuCl3) is a promising candidate to realize a Kitaev spin model. As alteration of physical properties on the nanoscale is additionally intended, new synthesis approaches to obtain phase pure α-RuCl3 nanocrystals have been audited. Thermodynamic simulations of occurring gas phase equilibria were performed and optimization of synthesis conditions was achieved based on calculation results. Crystal growth succeeded via chemical vapor transport (CVT) in a temperature gradient of 973 K to 773 K on YSZ substrates. Single crystal sheets of high crystallinity with heights ≤ 30 nm were obtained via pure CVT. The crystal properties were characterized by means of optical and electron microscopy, AFM, SAED, micro-Raman and XPS proving their composition, morphology, crystallinity and phase-purity. A highlight of our study is the successful individualization of nanocrystals and the delamination of nanosheets on YSZ substrates down to the monolayer limit (≤ 1 nm) which was realized by means of substrate exfoliation and ultrasonication in a very reproducible way. KW - Crystal growth KW - Thermodynamic modeling KW - Chemical vapor transport KW - 2D layered compounds KW - Nanocrystals Y1 - 2018 UR - https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2018/nr/c8nr04667k#!divAbstract U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/C8NR04667K SN - 2040-3372 VL - 10 IS - 40 SP - 19014 EP - 19022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Großmann, Kai A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Schröder, Christian A1 - Conrad, Karsten A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Sack, Ulrich T1 - Multiplex assessment of non-organ-specific autoantibodies with a novel microbead-based immunoassay T2 - Cytometry Part A Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cyto.a.21009 SN - 1552-4922 SN - 1552-4930 VL - 79 IS - 2 SP - 118 EP - 125 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Kleta, Sylvia A1 - Tedin, Karsten A1 - Babila, T. B. A1 - Oswald, S. A1 - Oelschlaeger, T. A. A1 - Hiemann, Rico A1 - Paetzold, S. A1 - Wieler, Lothar H. T1 - E. coli Nissle 1917 affects Salmonella adhesion to porcine intestinal epithelial cells T2 - PLoS One Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0014712 VL - 6 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Ruhland, Mirko A1 - Schröder, Christian A1 - Großmann, Kai A1 - Böhm, Alexander A1 - Nitschke, Jörg A1 - Berger, Ingo A1 - Schimke, Ingolf A1 - Schierack, Peter T1 - Fluorescence dye adsorption assay to quantify carboxyl groups on the surface of poly(methyl methacrylate) microbeads T2 - Analytical Chemistry Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/ac103277s SN - 0003-2700 SN - 1520-6882 VL - 83 IS - 9 SP - 3379 EP - 3385 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Weinreich, Jörg A1 - Ewers, Christa A1 - Tachu, Babila A1 - Nicholson, Bryon A1 - Barth, Stefanie T1 - Hemolytic porcine intestinal E. coli without virulence-associated genes typical for intestinal pathogenic E. coli T2 - Applied and environmental microbiology Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.05289-11 SN - 1098-5336 SN - 0099-2240 VL - 77 IS - 23 SP - 8451 EP - 8455 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Römer, Antje A1 - Wieler, Lothar H. A1 - Schierack, Peter T1 - Analyses of intestinal commensal Escherichia coli strains from wild boars suggest adaptation to conventional pig production conditions T2 - Veterinary Microbiology Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2012.07.009 SN - 0378-1135 VL - 16 IS - 1-2 SP - 122 EP - 129 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Xu, Xiu A1 - Mihoci, Andrija A1 - Härdle, Wolfgang Karl T1 - lCARE - localizing Conditional AutoRegressive Expectiles T2 - Journal of Empirical Finance N2 - We account for time-varying parameters in the conditional expectile-based value at risk (EVaR) model. The EVaR downside risk is more sensitive to the magnitude of portfolio losses compared to the quantile-based value at risk (QVaR). Rather than fitting the expectile models over ad-hoc fixed data windows, this study focuses on parameter instability of tail risk dynamics by utilizing a local parametric approach. Our framework yields a data-driven optimal interval length at each time point by a sequential test. Empirical evidence at three stock markets from 2005–2016 shows that the selected lengths account for approximately 4–6 months of daily observations. This method performs favourable compared to the models with one-year fixed intervals, as well as quantile based candidates while employing a time invariant portfolio protection (TIPP) strategy for the DAX, FTSE 100 and S&P 500 portfolios. The tail risk measure implied by our model finally provides valuable insights for asset allocation and portfolio insurance. KW - Expectile KW - Tail Risk KW - Local Parametric Approach KW - Risk Management Y1 - 2018 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0927539818300446 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jempfin.2018.06.006 SN - 0927-5398 VL - 48 SP - 198 EP - 220 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weckmann, Gesine A1 - Stracke, Sylvia A1 - Haase, Annekathrin A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Ludwig, Fabian A1 - Angelow, Aniela A1 - Emmelkamp, Jetske M. A1 - Mahner, Maria A1 - Chenot, Jean-François T1 - Diagnosis and management of non-dialysis chronic kidney disease in ambulatory care: a systematic review of clinical practice guidelines T2 - BMC Nephrology N2 - Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is age-dependent and has a high prevalence in the general population. Most patients are managed in ambulatory care. This systematic review provides an updated overview of quality and content of international clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis and management of non-dialysis CKD relevant to patients in ambulatory care. Methods: We identified guidelines published from 2012-to March 2018 in guideline portals, databases and by manual search. Methodological quality was assessed with the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II instrument. Recommendations were extracted and evaluated. Results: Eight hundred fifty-two publications were identified, 9 of which were eligible guidelines. Methodological quality ranged from 34 to 77%, with domains “scope and purpose” and “clarity of presentation” attaining highest and “applicability” lowest scores. Guidelines were similar in recommendations on CKD definition, screening of patients with diabetes and hypertension, blood pressure targets and referral of patients with progressive or stage G4 CKD. Definition of high risk groups and recommended tests in newly diagnosed CKD varied. Conclusions: Guidelines quality ranged from moderate to high. Guidelines generally agreed on management of patients with high risk or advanced CKD, but varied in regarding the range of recommended measurements, the need for referrals to nephrology, monitoring intervals and comprehensiveness. More research is needed on efficient management of patients with low risk of CKD progression to end stage renal disease. KW - Chronic kidney disease KW - Management KW - Clinical practice guideline KW - Systematic review Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-018-1048-5 SN - 1471-2369 IS - 19 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nguyen, Lam A1 - Buhl, Johannes A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Decomposition algorithm for tool path planning for wire-arc additive manufacturing T2 - Journal of Machine Engineering Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.8827 SN - 1895-7595 SN - 2391-8071 VL - 18 IS - 1 SP - 96 EP - 107 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fergani, Omar A1 - Bratli, Wold A. A1 - Berto, F. A1 - Brotan, Vegard A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Study of the effect of heat treatment on fatigue crack growth behaviour of 316L stainless steel produced by selective laser melting T2 - Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/ffe.12755 SN - 1460-2695 VL - 41 IS - 5 SP - 1102 EP - 1119 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, D. Y. A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Cao, J. A1 - Duflou, J. R. A1 - Groche, P. A1 - Kuboki, T. A1 - Sterzing, A. A1 - Tekkaya, A. Erman A1 - Lee, C. W. T1 - Flexibility in metal forming T2 - CIRP Annals N2 - Flexibility in metal forming is needed more than ever before due to rapidly changing customer demands. It paves the way for a better control of uncertainties in development and application of metal forming processes. Although flexibility has been pursued from various viewpoints in terms of machines, material, process, working environment and properties, etc., a thorough study of the concept was undertaken in order to with problems of manufacturing competiveness and tackle new challenges of manufacturing surroundings. Therefore, in this paper, flexibility in forming is reviewed from the viewpoints of process, material, manufacturing environment, new process combinations and machine–system–software interactions. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirp.2018.05.004 SN - 0007-8506 VL - 67 IS - 2 SP - 743 EP - 765 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maqbool, Fawad A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Dominant deformation mechanisms in single point incremental forming (SPIF) and their effect on geometrical accuracy T2 - International Journal of Mechanical Sciences Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2017.12.053 SN - 0020-7403 VL - 136 SP - 279 EP - 292 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Sizova, Irina A1 - Silze, Frank A1 - Schnick, Michael T1 - Comparison of laser metal deposition of Inconel 718 from powder, hot and cold wire T2 - Procedia CIRP N2 - 10th CIRP conference on Photonic Technologies LANE 2018, September 03 - 06, 2018, Fürth, Germany Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2018.08.095 SN - 2212-8271 VL - 74 SP - 206 EP - 209 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lurz, Fabian A1 - Ostertag, Thomas A1 - Scheiner, Benedict A1 - Weigel, Robert A1 - Kölpin, Alexander T1 - Reader Architectures for Wireless Surface Acoustic Wave Sensors T2 - Sensors Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/s18061734 SN - 1424-8220 VL - 18 IS - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Rusch, Adrien A1 - Andersson, Georg K. S. A1 - Bommarco, Riccardo A1 - Dänhardt, Juliana A1 - Ekbom, Barbara A1 - Jönnson, Annelie M. A1 - Lindborg, Regina A1 - Olsson, Ola A1 - Rader, Romina A1 - Stjernman, Martin A1 - Williams, Alwyn A1 - Hedlund, Katarina A1 - Smith, Henrik G. T1 - A framework to identify indicator species for ecosystem services in agricultural landscapes T2 - Ecological Indicators Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2018.04.018 SN - 1470-160X VL - 91 SP - 278 EP - 286 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Will, Christoph A1 - Shi, Kilin A1 - Schellenberger, Sven A1 - Steigleder, Tobias A1 - Michler, Fabian A1 - Fuchs, Jonas A1 - Weigel, Robert A1 - Ostgathe, Christoph A1 - Kölpin, Alexander T1 - Radar-Based Heart Sound Detection T2 - Scientific Reports Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-29984-5 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Steigleder, Tobias A1 - Malessa, Anke A1 - Shi, Kilin A1 - Michler, Fabian A1 - Schellenberger, Sven A1 - Heckel, Maria A1 - Kölpin, Alexander A1 - Ostgathe, Christoph T1 - Kontinuierliche berührungslose Erfassung von Herzschlag und Atmung als Surrogatparameter für Symptomlinderung–eine Pilotstudie T2 - Zeitschrift für Palliativmedizin Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1669350 SN - 1615-293X SN - 1615-2921 VL - 19 IS - 05 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Duda, Niklas A1 - Nowak, Thorsten A1 - Hartmann, Markus A1 - Schadhauser, Michael A1 - Cassens, Björn A1 - Wägemann, Peter A1 - Nabeel, Muhammad A1 - Ripperger, Simon A1 - Herbst, Sebastian A1 - Meyer-Wegener, Klaus A1 - Mayer, Frieder A1 - Dressler, Falko A1 - Schröder-Preikschat, Wolfgang A1 - Kapitza, Rüdiger A1 - Robert, Jörg A1 - Thielecke, Jörn A1 - Weigel, Robert A1 - Kölpin, Alexander T1 - BATS: Adaptive Ultra Low Power Sensor Network for Animal Tracking T2 - Sensors Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/s18103343 SN - 1424-8220 VL - 18 IS - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Frank, Martin A1 - Reißland, Torsten A1 - Lurz, Fabian A1 - Völkel, Matthias A1 - Lambrecht, Franziska A1 - Kiefl, Stefan A1 - Ghesquiere, Pol A1 - Ng, Herman Jalli A1 - Kissinger, Dietmar A1 - Weigel, Robert A1 - Kölpin, Alexander T1 - Antenna and Package Design for 61 GHz and 122 GHz Radar Sensors in Embedded Wafer-Level Ball Grid Array Technology T2 - IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2018.2873368 SN - 0018-9480 SN - 1557-9670 SP - 1 EP - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schöttker, Oliver A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - Landkauf oder Kompensation von Landwirtinnen und Landwirten? T2 - Natur und Landschaft Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.17433/11.2018.50153635.494-500 SN - 0028-0615 VL - 93 IS - 11 SP - 494 EP - 500 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sauvigny, Friedrich T1 - Solution of boundary value problems for surfaces of prescribed mean curvature H (x, y, z) with 1–1 central projection via the continuity method T2 - Lithuanian mathematical journal N2 - When we consider surfaces of prescribed mean curvature H with a one-to-one orthogonal projection onto a plane, we have to study the nonparametric H-surface equation. Now the H-surfaces with a one-to-one central projection onto a plane lead to an interesting elliptic differential equation, which has been discovered for the case H = 0 already by T. Radó in 1932. We establish the uniqueness of the Dirichlet problem for this H-surface equation in central projection and develop an estimate for the maximal deviation of large H-surfaces from their boundary values, resembling an inequality by J. Serrin from 1969. We solve the Dirichlet problem for nonvanishing H with compact support via a nonlinear continuity method. Here we introduce conformal parameters into the surface and study the well-known H-surface system. Then we combine these investigations with a differential equation for its unit normal, which has been developed by the author for variable H in 1982. Furthermore, we construct large H-surfaces bounding extreme contours by an approximation. Here we only provide an overview on the relevant proofs; for the more detailed derivations of our results, we refer the readers to the author’s investigations in the Pacific Journal of Mathematics and the Milan Journal of Mathematics. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10986-018-9399-y SN - 1573-8825 SN - 0363-1672 VL - 58 IS - 3 SP - 320 EP - 328 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Goihl, Alexander A1 - Hanack, Katja A1 - Holzlöhner, Pamela A1 - Hentschel, Christian A1 - Veiczi, Miklos A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Reinhold, Dirk A1 - Schulz, Hans-Ulrich T1 - Serological diagnosis and prognosis of severe acute pancreatitis by analysis of serum glycoprotein 2 T2 - Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2016-0797 SN - 1437-4331 SN - 1434-6621 VL - 55 IS - 6 SP - 854 EP - 864 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Durkalec, Maciej A1 - Kolenda, Rafał A1 - Owczarek, Tomasz A1 - Szkoda, Józef A1 - Nawrocka, Agnieszka A1 - Grzegrzolka, Jędrzej A1 - Dziegiel, Piotr A1 - Socha, Piotr A1 - Kolacz, Roman A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Zmudzki, Jan A1 - Posyniak, Andrzej T1 - Expression of metallothionein in the liver and kidneys of the red deer (Cervus elaphus L.) from an industrial metal smelting area of Poland T2 - Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.11.018 SN - 1090-2414 SN - 0147-6513 VL - 137 SP - 121 EP - 129 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grzymajlo, Krzysztof A1 - Ugorski, Maciej A1 - Suchanski, Jaroslaw A1 - Kedzierska, Anna E. A1 - Kolenda, Rafał A1 - Jarzab, Anna A1 - Biernatowska, Agnieszka A1 - Schierack, Peter T1 - The Novel Type 1 Fimbriae FimH Receptor Calreticulin Plays a Role in Salmonella Host Specificity T2 - Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2017.00326 SN - 2235-2988 VL - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mohsin, Mashkoor A1 - Raza, Shahbaz A1 - Schaufler, Katharina A1 - Roschanski, Nicole A1 - Sarwar, Fatima A1 - Semmler, Torsten A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Guenther, Sebastian T1 - High Prevalence of CTX-M-15-Type ESBL-Producing E. coli from Migratory Avian Species in Pakistan T2 - Frontiers in microbiology Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.02476 SN - 1664-302X VL - 8 IS - 2476 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Shulan A1 - Luo, Jing A1 - Wu, Ziyan A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Reinhold, Dirk A1 - Li, Ji A1 - Zeng, Xiaofeng A1 - Zhang, Fengchun A1 - Qian, Jiaming A1 - Li, Yongzhe T1 - Antibodies against glycoprotein 2 display diagnostic advantages over ASCA in distinguishing CD from intestinal tuberculosis and intestinal Behçet's disease T2 - Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/ctg.2018.1 SN - 2155-384X VL - 9 IS - 2 SP - 133 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schlör, Anja A1 - Holzlöhner, Pamela A1 - Listek, Martin A1 - Grieß, Cindy A1 - Butze, Monique A1 - Micheel, Burkhard A1 - Hentschel, Christian A1 - Sowa, Mandy A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Füner, Jonas A1 - Schliebs, Erik A1 - Goihl, Alexander A1 - Reinhold, Dirk A1 - Hanack, Katja T1 - Generation and validation of murine monoclonal and camelid recombinant single domain antibodies specific for human pancreatic glycoprotein 2 T2 - New Biotechnology Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nbt.2018.03.006 SN - 1876-4347 SN - 1871-6784 VL - 45 SP - 60 EP - 68 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nalli, Cecilia A1 - Somma, Valentina A1 - Andreoli, Laura A1 - Büttner, Thomas A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Mahler, Michael A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Tincani, Angela T1 - Anti-phospholipid IgG antibodies detected by line immunoassay differentiate patients with anti-phospholipid syndrome and other autoimmune diseases T2 - Autoimmunity Highlights Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s13317-018-0106-0 SN - 2038-3274 SN - 2038-0305 VL - 9 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ranjan, Amit A1 - Scholz, Julia A1 - Semmler, Torsten A1 - Wieler, Lothar H. A1 - Ewers, Christa A1 - Müller, Stefanie A1 - Pickard, Derek J. A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Tedin, Karsten A1 - Ahmed, Niyaz A1 - Schaufler, Katharina A1 - Guenther, Sebastian T1 - ESBL-plasmid carriage in E. coli enhances in vitro bacterial competition fitness and serum resistance in some strains of pandemic sequence types without overall fitness cost T2 - Gut pathogens Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s13099-018-0243-z SN - 1757-4749 VL - 10 IS - 24 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kolenda, Rafał A1 - Burdukiewicz, Michał A1 - Schiebel, Juliane A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Sauer, Lysann A1 - Szabo, Istvan A1 - Orlowska, Aleksandra A1 - Weinreich, Jörg A1 - Nitschke, Jörg A1 - Böhm, Alexander A1 - Gerber, Ulrike A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Schierack, Peter T1 - Adhesion of Salmonella to Pancreatic Secretory Granule Membrane Major Glycoprotein GP2 of Human and Porcine Origin Depends on FimH Sequence Variation T2 - Frontiers in Microbiology Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01905 SN - 1664-302X VL - 9 IS - 1905 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sowa, Mandy A1 - Kolenda, Rafał A1 - Baumgart, Daniel C. A1 - Pratschke, Johann A1 - Papp, Maria A1 - Tornai, Tamas A1 - Suchanski, Jaroslaw A1 - Bogdanos, Dimitrios Petrou A1 - Mytilinaiou, Maria G. A1 - Hammermann, Jutta A1 - Laass, Martin W. A1 - Conrad, Karsten A1 - Schramm, Christoph A1 - Franke, Andre A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Schierack, Peter T1 - Mucosal Autoimmunity to Cell-Bound GP2 Isoforms Is a Sensitive Marker in PSC and Associated With the Clinical Phenotype T2 - Frontiers in Immunology Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2018.01959 SN - 1664-3224 VL - 9 IS - 1959 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wanner, Manfred A1 - Betker, Elisa A1 - Shimano, Satoshi D. A1 - Krawczynski, René T1 - Are soil testate amoebae and diatoms useful for forensics? T2 - Forensic Science International Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forsciint.2018.05.027 SN - 0379-0738 VL - 289 SP - 223 EP - 231 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Andjelkovic, Marko A1 - Krstic, Milos A1 - Kraemer, Rolf T1 - Study of the Operation and SET Robustness of a CMOS Pulse Stretching Circuit T2 - Microelectronics Reliability Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microrel.2017.12.022 SN - 0026-2714 SN - 1872-941X VL - 82 SP - 100 EP - 112 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, Felix A1 - Torger, Bernhard A1 - Allertz, Peter J. A1 - Jähnichen, Klaus A1 - Keßler, Stefan A1 - Müller, Martin A1 - Simon, Frank A1 - Salchert, Katrin A1 - Mäurer, Haike A1 - Pospiech, Doris T1 - Multifunctional crosslinkable itaconic acid copolymers for enzyme immobilization T2 - European Polymer Journal N2 - UV-Crosslinkable itaconic copolymers are developed to provide new multifunctional materials for coatings which combine crosslinkable functionalities and the possibility to immobilize enzymes. The polymer-immobilized enzymes were used for water treatment to decompose persistent organic molecules. Introduction of suitable comonomers allows tailoring the mechanical and chemical properties for special applications. Copolymers containing MMA and itaconic anhydride were chosen because of the formation of long-term stable anhydride functionalities. These anhydride functionalities are employed to attach enzymes covalently. 4-Benzoylphenyl methacrylate is used as comonomer for UV-initiated crosslinking. Terpolymers are successfully obtained by radical copolymerization in solution. The copolymers are compared to poly(ethylene-alt-maleic anhydride) [P(EMA)] often used with respect to enzyme immobilization, activity and hydrolytic stability. The hydrolysis stability of the copolymers against water is studied by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. Thin films are prepared on glass substrates in a layer-by-layer procedure by spin-coating. The layer formation is monitored by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. UV-crosslinking of the copolymer films is performed taking the optimal irradiation dose that avoids polymer degradation. ATR-FTIR spectroscopy verifies the coupling reaction between amino groups of the enzyme and the anhydride groups on the surface of the crosslinked polymer film. The syringaldazine (4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde azine) test and 2,2´-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) assay demonstrate that the immobilized enzymes maintain their activities. The functional copolymers showed a significant effect in reduction of persistent organic pollutants in contaminated waste water. KW - ATR-FTIR spectroscopy KW - Crosslinking KW - Enzyme-immobilization KW - Itaconc acid KW - Methacrylate copolymer Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.03.014 VL - 102 SP - 47 EP - 55 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meyer, Antoine A1 - Crumeyrolle, Olivier A1 - Mutabazi, Innocent A1 - Meier, Martin A1 - Jongmanns, Marcel A1 - Renoult, Marie-Charlotte A1 - Seelig, Torsten A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Flow Patterns and Heat Transfer in a Cylindrical Annulus under 1g and low-g Conditions: Theory and Simulation T2 - Microgravity Science and Technology Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12217-018-9636-3 SN - 0938-0108 SN - 1875-0494 VL - 30 IS - 5 SP - 653 EP - 662 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Reinhold, Dirk A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Bogdanos, Dimitrios Petrou A1 - Conrad, Karsten A1 - Laass, Martin W. T1 - Crohn's disease specific pancreatic antibodies: clinical and pathophysiological challenges T2 - Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2013-0801 SN - 1437-4331 SN - 1434-6621 VL - 52 IS - 4 SP - 494 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Olowe, Olugbenga Adekunle A1 - Choudhary, S. A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Wieler, Lothar H. A1 - Makanjuola, O. B. A1 - Olayemi, A. B. A1 - Anjum, M. T1 - Pathotyping bla CTX-M Escherichia coli from Nigeria T2 - European Journal of Microbiology and Immunology N2 - Background: Escherichia coli have become the enterobacteriaceae species most affected by extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) in view of the emergence of CTX-M-type ESBLs. These CTX-M-positive E. coli have been reported in numerous regions worldwide. Virulence determinants of already reported CTX-M-positive E. coli were investigated. Methodology: To gain insights into the mechanism underlying this phenomenon, we assessed serogroup, susceptibility pattern and diversity of virulence profiles within a collection of nine blaCTX-M-positive E. coli strains and their virulent determinant using miniaturized DNA microarray techniques. The nine ESBL-positive E. coli isolates were from eight male and one female patient(s) selected for study based on previous work. Virulence potential was inferred by detection of 63 virulence factor (VF) genes. Results: Four (44.4%) of the 9 E. coli isolates exhibited the same set of core characteristics: serotype O8:Hnt, while all were positive for OXA-1, ciprofloxacin resistance. Five of the isolates exhibited highly similar (91% to 100%) VF profiles. Conclusion: The findings describe a broadly disseminated, blaCTX-M-positive and virulent E. coli serogroup with highly homogeneous virulence genotypes, suggesting recent emergence in this zone. Understanding how this clone has emerged and successfully disseminated within the hospital and community, including across national boundaries, should be a public health priority. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1556/EuJMI.3.2013.2.5 SN - 2062-8633 VL - 3 IS - 2 SP - 120 EP - 125 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kleta, Sylvia A1 - Nordhoff, M. A1 - Tedin, Karsten A1 - Wieler, Lothar H. A1 - Kolenda, Rafał A1 - Oswald, S. A1 - Oelschlaeger, T. A. A1 - Bleiss, W. A1 - Schierack, Peter T1 - Role of F1C fimbriae, flagella, and secreted bacterial components in the inhibitory effect of probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 on atypical enteropathogenic E. coli infection. T2 - Infect Immun. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1128/IAI.01431-13 VL - 82 IS - 5 SP - 1801 EP - 1812 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maslyanskiy, Aleksey A1 - Lazareva, Natalya A1 - Olinek, Polina A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Hentschel, Christian A1 - Cuccato, Juliane A1 - Bogdanos, Dimitrios Petrou A1 - Lapin, Sergey V. A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk T1 - Anti-hnRNP B1 (RA33) Autoantibodies Are Associated with the Clinical Phenotype in Russian Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Sclerosis T2 - Journal of Immunology Research Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/516593 VL - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Liebsch, Claudia A1 - Schmidt, Carsten A1 - Lehmann, Werner A1 - Resch-Genger, U. A1 - Schedler, Uwe A1 - Schierack, Peter T1 - Nucleic acid detection based on the use of microbeads: a review T2 - Microchimica Acta Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-014-1243-4 SN - 0026-3672 SN - 1436-5073 VL - 181 IS - 11-12 SP - 1151 EP - 1168 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sowa, Mandy A1 - Großmann, Kai A1 - Scholz, Juliane A1 - Röber, Nadja A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Conrad, Karsten A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Hiemann, Rico T1 - Der CytoBead-Assay – Eine neue Möglichkeit der multiparametrischen Autoantikörperanalytik bei systemischen Autoimmunerkrankungen T2 - Journal of Laboratory Medicine Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/labmed-2014-0041 VL - 38 IS - 6 SP - 309 EP - 317 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Somma, Valentina A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Borghi, Maria Orietta A1 - Meroni, Pier Luigi T1 - Autoantibody profiling in APS T2 - Lupus Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/0961203314534305 SN - 0961-2033 SN - 1477-0962 VL - 23 IS - 12 SP - 1262 EP - 1264 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Kolenda, Rafał A1 - Hiemann, Rico A1 - Berger, Enrico A1 - Grzymajlo, Krzysztof A1 - Swidsinski, Alexander A1 - Juretzek, Thomas A1 - Meissner, Dirk A1 - Mydlak, Karsten A1 - Reinhold, Dirk A1 - Nolan, Lisa K. A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk T1 - Species-specific and pathotype-specific binding of bacteria to zymogen granule membrane glycoprotein 2 (GP2) T2 - Gut Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2014-307854 SN - 1468-3288 SN - 0017-5749 VL - 64 IS - 3 SP - 517 EP - 519 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mohsin, Mashkoor A1 - Guenther, Sebastian A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Tedin, Karsten A1 - Wieler, Lothar H. T1 - Probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 reduces growth, Shiga toxin expression, release and thus cytotoxicity of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli T2 - International Journal of Medical Microbiology Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmm.2014.10.003 SN - 1618-0607 SN - 1438-4221 VL - 305 IS - 1 SP - 20 EP - 26 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Wieler, Lothar H. A1 - Taras, David A1 - Herwig, Volker A1 - Tachu, Babila A1 - Hlinak, Andreas A1 - Schmidt, Michael F. G. A1 - Scharek, Lydia T1 - Bacillus cereus var. toyoi enhanced systemic immune response in piglets. T2 - Veterinary immunology and immunopathology Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2007.03.006 SN - 1873-2534 SN - 0165-2427 VL - 118 IS - 1-2 SP - 1 EP - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Walk, Nicole A1 - Reiter, Katja A1 - Weyrauch, Karl D. A1 - Wieler, Lothar H. T1 - Composition of intestinal Enterobacteriaceae populations of healthy domestic pigs. T2 - Microbiology Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.2007/010173-0 SN - 1465-2080 SN - 1350-0872 VL - 153 IS - 11 SP - 3830 EP - 3837 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Walk, Nicole A1 - Ewers, Christa A1 - Wilking, Hendrik A1 - Steinrück, Hartmut A1 - Filter, Matthias A1 - Wieler, Lothar H. T1 - ExPEC-typical virulence-associated genes correlate with successful colonization by intestinal E. coli in a small piglet group. T2 - Environmental Microbiology Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2008.01595.x SN - 1462-2920 SN - 1462-2912 VL - 10 IS - 7 SP - 1742 EP - 1752 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Guenther, Sebastian A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Grobbel, Mirjam A1 - Lübke-Becker, Antina A1 - Wieler, Lothar H. A1 - Ewers, Christa T1 - Real-time PCR assay for the detection of species of the genus Mannheimia. T2 - Journal of Microbiological Methods Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2008.05.008 SN - 1872-8359 SN - 0167-7012 VL - 75 IS - 1 SP - 75 EP - 80 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Guenther, Sebastian A1 - Nöckler, Karsten A1 - Nickisch-Rosenegk, Markus von A1 - Landgraf, Maria A1 - Ewers, Christa A1 - Wieler, Lothar H. A1 - Schierack, Peter T1 - Detection of Trichinella spiralis, T. britovi and T. pseudospiralis in muscle tissue with real-time PCR T2 - Journal of Microbiological Methods Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2008.06.019 SN - 0167-7012 VL - 75 IS - 2 SP - 287 EP - 292 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Guenther, Sebastian A1 - Groth, Ingrid A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Grabley, Susanne A1 - Munder, Thomas T1 - Direct detection of Kitasatospora species with a chaperone oligonucleotide microarray method lacking PCR amplification T2 - Journal of basic microbiology Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/jobm.200800038 SN - 1521-4028 SN - 0233-111X VL - 48 IS - 4 SP - 315 EP - 318 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Filter, Matthias A1 - Scharek, Lydia A1 - Toelke, Christiane A1 - Taras, David A1 - Tedin, Karsten A1 - Haverson, Karin A1 - Lübke-Becker, Antina A1 - Wieler, Lothar H. T1 - Effects of Bacillus cereus var. toyoi on immune parameters of pregnant sows T2 - Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2008.09.002 SN - 0165-2427 VL - 127 IS - 1-2 SP - 26 EP - 37 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Vermeire, Severine A1 - Hoffmann, Ilse A1 - Reinhold, Dirk A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Goihl, Alexander A1 - Arnim, Ulrike von A1 - De Hertogh, Gert A1 - Polymeros, Dimitrios A1 - Bogdanos, Dimitrios Petrou A1 - Bossuyt, Xavier T1 - Evidence of Crohn's disease-related anti-glycoprotein 2 antibodies in patients with celiac disease T2 - Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2014-0238 SN - 1437-4331 VL - 53 IS - 9 SP - 1349 EP - 1357 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Scholz, Juliane A1 - Großmann, Kai A1 - Knütter, Ilka A1 - Hiemann, Rico A1 - Sowa, Mandy A1 - Röber, Nadja A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Reinhold, Dirk A1 - Bogdanos, Dimitrios Petrou A1 - Meroni, Pier Luigi A1 - Radice, Antonella A1 - Conrad, Karsten A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk T1 - Second generation analysis of antinuclear antibody (ANA) by combination of screening and confirmatory testing T2 - Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2015-0083 SN - 1437-4331 VL - 53 IS - 12 SP - 1991 EP - 2002 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Moradi, Milad A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut T1 - A Study on the Influence of Various Welding Sequence Schemes on the Gain in Strength of Square Hollow Section Steel T-Joint T2 - Journal of Welding and Joining Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5781/JWJ.2017.35.4.7 SN - 2466-2232 SN - 2466-2100 VL - 35 IS - 4 SP - 41 EP - 50 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Carsten A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Gruner, Melanie A1 - Moncsek, Anja A1 - Stohwasser, Ralf A1 - Hanack, Katja A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Schröder, Christian T1 - Multiplex localization of sequential peptide epitopes by use of a planar microbead chip T2 - Analytica Chimica Acta Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2015.12.030 SN - 0003-2670 VL - 908 SP - 150 EP - 160 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Großmann, Kai A1 - Röber, Nadja A1 - Hiemann, Rico A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Reinhold, Dirk A1 - Laass, Martin W. A1 - Conrad, Karsten A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk T1 - Simultaneous detection of celiac disease-specific IgA antibodies and total IgA T2 - Autoimmunity Highlights Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s13317-016-0073-2 SN - 2038-0305 SN - 2038-3274 VL - 7 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Borghi, Maria Orietta A1 - Somma, Valentina A1 - Büttner, Thomas A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Hanack, Katja A1 - Grossi, Claudia A1 - Bodio, Caterina A1 - Macor, Paolo A1 - Landenberg, Philipp von A1 - Boccellato, Francesco A1 - Mahler, Michael A1 - Meroni, Pier Luigi T1 - Antiphospholipid antibodies detected by line immunoassay differentiate among patients with antiphospholipid syndrome, with infections and asymptomatic carriers T2 - Arthritis Research & Therapy Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s13075-016-1018-x SN - 1465-9913 SN - 1478-6362 VL - 18 IS - 111 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Burdukiewicz, Michał A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Sobczyk, Piotr A1 - Menschikowski, Mario A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Mackiewicz, Pawel T1 - Methods for comparing multiple digital PCR experiments T2 - Biomolecular Detection and Quantification Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bdq.2016.06.004 SN - 2214-7535 VL - 9 SP - 14 EP - 19 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Reinhold, Dirk A1 - Baumgart, Daniel C. A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Conrad, Karsten A1 - Laass, Martin W. T1 - Autoimmunity in Crohn's Disease-A Putative Stratification Factor of the Clinical Phenotype T2 - Advances in Clinical Chemistry Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.acc.2016.06.002 SN - 0065-2423 VL - 77 SP - 77 EP - 101 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sowa, Mandy A1 - Trezzi, Barbara A1 - Hiemann, Rico A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Großmann, Kai A1 - Scholz, Juliane A1 - Somma, Valentina A1 - Sinico, Renato Alberto A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Radice, Antonella T1 - Simultaneous comprehensive multiplex autoantibody analysis for rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis T2 - Medicine Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000005225 SN - 0025-7974 VL - 95 IS - 44 SP - 5225 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mohsin, Mashkoor A1 - Raza, Shahbaz A1 - Roschanski, Nicole A1 - Guenther, Sebastian A1 - Ali, Aamir A1 - Schierack, Peter T1 - Description of the First Escherichia coli Clinical Isolate Harboring the Colistin Resistance Gene mcr-1 from the Indian Subcontinent T2 - Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.01945-16 SN - 1098-6596 SN - 0066-4804 VL - 61 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sowa, Mandy A1 - Hiemann, Rico A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Reinhold, Dirk A1 - Conrad, Karsten A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk T1 - Next-Generation Autoantibody Testing by Combination of Screening and Confirmation-the CytoBead® Technology T2 - Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12016-016-8574-3 SN - 1559-0267 SN - 1080-0549 VL - 53 IS - 1 SP - 87 EP - 104 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kolenda, Rafał A1 - Burdukiewicz, Michał A1 - Schierack, Peter T1 - A systematic review and meta-analysis of the epidemiology of pathogenic Escherichia coli of calves and the role of calves as reservoirs for human pathogenic E. coli T2 - Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2015.00023 SN - 2235-2988 VL - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Kramer, Toni A1 - Frömmel, Ulrike A1 - Weinreich, Jörg A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Guenther, Sebastian A1 - Schaufler, Katharina A1 - Schröder, Christian A1 - Schierack, Peter T1 - Intestinal Escherichia coli colonization in a mallard duck population over four consecutive winter season T2 - Environmental Microbiology Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.12807 SN - 1462-2920 SN - 1462-2912 VL - 17 IS - 9 SP - 3352 EP - 3361 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Murugaiyan, Jayaseelan A1 - Krüger, Karolin A1 - Rösler, Uwe A1 - Weinreich, Jörg A1 - Schierack, Peter T1 - Assessment of species and antimicrobial resistance among Enterobacteriaceae isolated from mallard duck faeces T2 - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-015-4346-4 SN - 0167-6369 SN - 1573-2959 VL - 187 IS - 3 SP - 127 EP - 137 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reddig, Annika A1 - Lorenz, Sebastian A1 - Hiemann, Rico A1 - Guttek, Karina A1 - Hartig, Roland A1 - Heiserich, Lisa A1 - Peter, Vanessa A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Sack, Ulrich A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Reinhold, Dirk A1 - Eberle, Caroline T1 - Cytostatic drug resistance monitored by γH2AX T2 - Cytometry Part A Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cyto.a.22667 SN - 1552-4930 SN - 1552-4922 VL - 87 IS - 8 SP - 724 EP - 732 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lodemann, Ulrike A1 - Strahlendorf, Julia A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Klingspor, Shanti A1 - Aschenbach, Jörg R. A1 - Martens, Holger T1 - Effects of the Probiotic Enterococcus faecium and Pathogenic Escherichia coli Strains in a Pig and Human Epithelial Intestinal Cell Model T2 - Scientifica Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/235184 VL - 2015 IS - 235184 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Villalta, Danilo A1 - Mytilinaiou, Maria G. A1 - Elsner, Martina A1 - Hentschel, Christian A1 - Cuccato, Juliane A1 - Somma, Valentina A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Bogdanos, Dimitrios Petrou T1 - Autoantibodies to asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) in patients with autoimmune liver diseases T2 - Clinica Chimica Acta Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2015.07.021 SN - 0009-8981 VL - 450 SP - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kolenda, Rafał A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Zieba, Filip A1 - Zwijacz-Kozica, Tomasz A1 - Bednarski, Michal T1 - First molecular characterization of Sarcocystis tenella in Tatra chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra tatrica) in Poland T2 - Parasitology Research Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-015-4619-4 SN - 0932-0113 SN - 1432-1955 VL - 114 IS - 10 SP - 3885 EP - 3892 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Burdukiewicz, Michał A1 - Blagodatskikh, Konstantin A. A1 - Jahn, Michael A1 - Schierack, Peter T1 - R as an Environment for the Reproducible Analysis of DNA Amplification Experiments T2 - The R journal Y1 - 2015 UR - https://journal.r-project.org/archive/2015/RJ-2015-011/index.html SN - 2073-4859 VL - 7 IS - 1 SP - 127 EP - 150 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Burdukiewicz, Michał A1 - Schierack, Peter T1 - chipPCR: an R package to pre-process raw data of amplification curves. Bioinformatics T2 - Bioinformatics Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btv205 SN - 1367-4803 SN - 1460-2059 VL - 31 IS - 17 SP - 2900 EP - 2902 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mann, Sebastian A1 - Will, Christoph A1 - Reißland, Torsten A1 - Lurz, Fabian A1 - Lindner, Stefan A1 - Linz, Sarah A1 - Weigel, Robert A1 - Kölpin, Alexander T1 - High Precision Interferometric Radar for Sheet Thickness Monitoring T2 - IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2018.2825328 SN - 0018-9480 SN - 1557-9670 VL - 66 IS - 6 SP - 3153 EP - 3166 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rodda, Costanza A1 - Borcia, Ion-Dan A1 - Le Gal, Patrice A1 - Vincze, Miklos A1 - Harlander, Uwe T1 - Baroclinic, Kelvin and inertia-gravity waves in the barostrat instability experiment T2 - Geophysical & Astrophysical Fluid Dynamics Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/03091929.2018.1461858 SN - 1029-0419 SN - 0309-1929 VL - 112 IS - 3 SP - 175 EP - 206 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seelig, Torsten A1 - Gellert, Marcus A1 - Harlander, Uwe T1 - Experimental investigation of stratorotational instability using a thermally stratified system: instability, waves and associated momentum flux T2 - Geophysical & Astrophysical Fluid Dynamics Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/03091929.2018.1488971 SN - 0309-1929 SN - 1029-0419 VL - 112 IS - 4 SP - 239 EP - 264 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zaussinger, Florian A1 - Kupka, Friedrich A1 - Montgomery, M. A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Numerical simulation of DA white dwarf surface convection T2 - Journal of physics / Conference Series Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1031/1/012013 SN - 1742-6596 SN - 1742-6588 VL - 1031 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mader, Viktoria A1 - Diehl, Eva A1 - Wolters, Volkmar A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Agri‐environmental schemes affect the trophic niche size and diet of common carabid species in agricultural landscapes T2 - Ecological Entomology N2 - 1. Carabids are abundant in agroecosystems and provide biocontrol services by feeding on weed seeds and pests. We compare the effects of two fundamentally different agri‐environmental schemes (AES) on the numeric and trophic responses of four common carabid species: Anchomenus dorsalis, Poecilus cupreus, Pseudoophonus rufipes and Pterostichus melanarius. 2. In six cereal fields under organic farming and six sown flowering fields, 10 290 individuals of the four species were sampled to quantify their numeric response. The activity density of all species was higher in organically managed cereal fields compared to flowering fields. 3. We analysed naturally occurring stable isotope ratios of carbon and nitrogen in 138 carabid individuals to quantify isotopic niches and the diet contribution of soil‐ versus plant‐based resources. Resources from the soil (‘brown’) energy channel were more important than resources from the plant (‘green’) energy channel in the diet of all species, particularly in P. melanarius. 4. Isotopic niches were larger for P. rufipes and P. melanarius in flowering fields than in organically managed cereal fields. Moreover, differences between AES types were observed in the diet contribution derived from both energy channels: A. dorsalis and P. cupreus incorporated higher proportions of plant‐based resources in organically managed cereal fields compared to flowering fields. 5. Similar numeric, but different trophic responses suggest that AES type may alter arthropod food webs beyond simple changes in carabid densities. Such ‘hidden’ modifications in the resource utilisation of generalist predators deserve more attention to adequately evaluate the ecological consequences of AES. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/een.12671 SN - 1365-2311 SN - 0307-6946 VL - 43 IS - 6 SP - 823 EP - 835 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kundel, Dominika A1 - Meyer, Svenja A1 - Birkhofer, Herbert A1 - Fliessbach, Andreas A1 - Mäder, Paul A1 - Scheu, Stefan A1 - Kleunen, Mark van A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Design and Manual to Construct Rainout-Shelters for Climate Change Experiments in Agroecosystems T2 - Frontiers in Environmental Science N2 - Climate change models predict reduced summer precipitations for most European countries, including more frequent and extreme summer droughts. Rainout-shelters which intercept part of the natural precipitation provide an effective tool to investigate effects of different precipitation levels on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. In this study, we evaluate and describe in detail a fixed-location rainout-shelter (2.5 × 2.5 m) with partial interception of natural rainfall. We provide a complete parts list, a construction manual and detailed CAD drawings allowing to rebuild and use these shelters for rainfall manipulation studies. In addition, we describe a rainout-shelter control treatment giving the possibility to quantify and account for potential shelter artifacts. To test the rainout-shelters, we established the following three treatments each in eight winter wheat plots of the agricultural long-term farming system comparison trial DOK in Therwil (Switzerland): (1) A rainout-shelter with 65% interception of rainfall, (2) a rainout-shelter control without interception of rainfall, and (3) an ambient control. The rainout-shelter effectively excluded 64.9% of the ambient rainfall, which is very close to the a priori calculated exclusion of 65.1%. In comparison to the ambient control plots, gravimetric soil moisture decreased under the rainout-shelter by a maximum of 11.1 percentage points. Air temperature under the rainout-shelter differed little from the ambient control (−0.55°C in 1.2 m height and +0.19°C in 0.1 m height), whereas soil temperatures were slightly higher in periods of high ambient temperature (+1.02°C), but remained basically unaffected in periods of low ambient temperature (+0.14°C). A maximum edge effect of 0.75 m defined a sampling area of 1 × 1 m under the rainout-shelter. The rainout-shelters presented here, proved to sustain under heavy weather and they were well-suited to be used in agricultural fields where management operations require the removal of the rainout-shelters for management operations. Overall, the results confirmed the good performance of the presented rainout-shelters regarding rainout-shelter artifacts, predictable rain exclusion, and feasibility for experimental studies in agricultural fields. KW - rainout-shelter design, summer drought, climate change, precipitation, wheat, CAD drawings Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2018.00014 SN - 2296-665X VL - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Karp, Daniel S. A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Crop pests and predators exhibit inconsistent responses to surrounding landscape composition T2 - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America N2 - The idea that noncrop habitat enhances pest control and represents a win-win opportunity to conserve biodiversity and bolster yields has emerged as an agroecological paradigm. However, while noncrop habitat in landscapes surrounding farms sometimes benefits pest predators, natural enemy responses remain heterogeneous across studies and effects on pests are inconclusive. The observed heterogeneity in species responses to noncrop habitat may be biological in origin or could result from variation in how habitat and biocontrol are measured. Here, we use a pest-control database encompassing 132 studies and 6,759 sites worldwide to model natural enemy and pest abundances, predation rates, and crop damage as a function of landscape composition. Our results showed that although landscape composition explained significant variation within studies, pest and enemy abundances, predation rates, crop damage, and yields each exhibited different responses across studies, sometimes increasing and sometimes decreasing in landscapes with more noncrop habitat but overall showing no consistent trend. Thus, models that used landscape-composition variables to predict pest-control dynamics demonstrated little potential to explain variation across studies, though prediction did improve when comparing studies with similar crop and landscape features. Overall, our work shows that surrounding noncrop habitat does not consistently improve pest management, meaning habitat conservation may bolster production in some systems and depress yields in others. Future efforts to develop tools that inform farmers when habitat conservation truly represents a win-win would benefit from increased understanding of how landscape effects are modulated by local farm management and the biology of pests and their enemies. KW - agroecology KW - biodiversity KW - biological control KW - ecosystem services KW - natural enemies Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1800042115 SN - 1091-6490 SN - 0027-8424 N1 - viele weitere Autoren VL - 115 IS - 33 SP - E7863 EP - E7870 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zaitsev, Andrey S. A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Ekschmitt, Klemens A1 - Wolters, Volkmar T1 - Belowground Tritrophic Food Chain Modulates Soil Respiration in Grasslands T2 - Pedosphere N2 - Edaphic biota significantly affects several essential ecological functions such as C-storage, nutrient turnover, and productivity. However, it is not completely understood how belowground animal contribution to these functions changes in grasslands subject to different land use types. A microcosm experiment was carried out to test the effect of a tritrophic food chain on CO2 release from grassland soils. Soil was collected from three differently managed grassland systems (meadow, pasture, and mown pasture) located in three distinct German regions that cover a north-south gradient of approximately 500 km. The tritrophic food chain comprised natural edaphic microflora, nematodes, and predatory gamasid mites. The experimental design involved a full factorial combination of the presence and absence of nematodes and gamasid mites. Nematodes significantly increased the CO2 emissions in most treatments, but the extent of this effect varied with land use type. The fact that grazing by nematodes stimulated the metabolic activity of the edaphic microflora over a wide range of grassland soils highlighted the critical impact of the microfauna on ecosystem services associated with soil organic matter dynamics. Gamasids slightly amplified the effect of nematodes on microbial metabolic activity, but only in the pastures. This effect was most probably due to the control of nematode abundance. The fact that gamasid addition also augmented the impact of environmental conditions on nematode-induced modulation of soil respiration highlighted the need for including land use differences while evaluating soil fauna contribution to soil processes. To conclude, the differential response of the investigated tritrophic food chain to different grassland management systems suggests that adverse effects of land use intensification on important soil processes such as atmospheric C-release could potentially be reduced by using management methods that preserve essential features of the belowground food web. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1002-0160(18)60008-6 SN - 1002-0160 VL - 28 IS - 1 SP - 114 EP - 123 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berger, Josef S. A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Hanson, Helena I. A1 - Hedlund, Katarina T1 - Landscape configuration affects herbivore–parasitoid communities in oilseed rape T2 - Journal of Pest Science N2 - It is crucial to consider the effects of large-scale drivers on species presences and ecological interactions to understand what structures communities. In our study, we investigated how the species composition and the potential interaction networks of herbivore and parasitoid communities in oilseed rape fields are affected by agricultural landscape characteristics. Insect communities of 26 winter oilseed rape fields in southern Sweden were captured in water traps over a continuous time span of 30 ± 2 days. In total, 31% of the variation in the composition of herbivore host communities was explained by a combination of the surrounding oilseed rape area in the study year and the previous year and distance to the nearest forest. The oilseed rape area in the study year and distance to forest also explained 14% of the variation in the composition of parasitoid communities. Distance to the nearest forest together with the area of oilseed rape in the previous year explained 45% of the variation in asymmetry of interaction webs. These results indicate that several measures of landscape configuration are important both for the composition of host and parasitoid communities and also for the structure of interaction networks. Our results support the view that it is an appropriate strategy to cultivate oilseed rape in landscapes that are far away from forests, in order to minimize recolonization by pest species and at the same time to attract parasitoid species from the open landscape. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs10340-018-0965-1 SN - 1612-4758 SN - 1612-4766 VL - 91 IS - 3 SP - 1093 EP - 1105 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lehnen, Nadine A1 - Ramaioli, Cecilia A1 - Henningsen, Peter A1 - Glasauer, Stefan T1 - An experimental litmus test of the emerging hypothesis that persistent physical symptoms can be explained as perceptual dysregulation T2 - Journal of Psychosomatic Research Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2018.08.007 SN - 1879-1360 SN - 0022-3999 VL - 114 SP - 15 EP - 17 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Xiang, Min A1 - Seemungal, Barry M. A1 - Glasauer, Stefan T1 - Quantitative postural models as biomarkers of balance in Parkinson’s disease T2 - Brain Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awy250 SN - 0006-8950 SN - 1460-2156 VL - 141 IS - 10 SP - 2824 EP - 2827 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tschumi, Matthias A1 - Ekroos, Johan A1 - Hjort, Cecilia A1 - Smith, Henrik G. A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Rodents, not birds, dominate predation-related ecosystem services and disservices in vertebrate communities of agricultural landscapes T2 - Oecologia N2 - To understand the relationship between conservation measures and agricultural yields, we need to know the contributions of organisms to both ecosystem services and disservices. We studied the activity and contribution of birds and mammals to intermediate ecosystem services (predation of weed seeds or invertebrate pests) and disservices (predation of crop seeds or beneficial invertebrates) in southern Sweden between June and November 2016. We measured seed and invertebrate predation rates using trays placed in front of 32 wildlife cameras in 16 cereal fields with a local habitat contrast (8 fields adjacent to another crop field and 8 fields adjacent to a semi-natural grassland) and along a landscape heterogeneity gradient (amount of semi-natural grassland). Both activity and predation were dominated by small mammals (mainly rodents), yet only a few species contributed to predation services and disservices according to camera records. Small mammal activity and predation varied considerably over time. Small mammal activity was significantly higher at trays with crop seeds or beneficial invertebrate prey compared to trays with pest prey, and crop seed predation by small mammals was significantly higher than weed seed predation. In contrast, bird activity and predation did not differ significantly between resource types, but varied over time depending on the habitat contrast. Predation of animal prey by birds was highest after cereal harvest, independent of habitat contrast. Our study highlights that birds and in particular rodents provide important intermediate ecosystem services, but also disservices, which fluctuate strongly in intensity over time. KW - Biological control; Predators; Semi-natural grasslands; Weed control; Wildlife cameras Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-018-4242-z SN - 0029-8549 SN - 1432-1939 VL - 188 IS - 3 SP - 863 EP - 873 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Petkov, Nikolay A1 - Kashkarov, Egor B. A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Bakalova, Totka A1 - Kejzlar, Pavel A1 - Bahchedzhiev, Hristo T1 - Influence of Bias Voltage and CH4/N2 Gas Ratio on the Structure and Mechanical Properties of TiCN Coatings Deposited by Cathodic Arc Deposition Method T2 - Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance N2 - This article presents a study of the influence of the bias voltage and CH4/N2 gas ratio on the structure and mechanical properties of TiCN coatings. The coatings are deposited by cathodic arc deposition technology from Ti cathodes under an atmosphere of a mixture of CH4 and N2 gasses. XRD analysis shows that an increase in the methane flow changes the preferential orientation of the coating from (111) to (200) and results in a refinement of the structure (grain size reduction from 23 to 7 nm). SEM analysis shows that the coatings are stoichiometric. It was demonstrated that the bias voltage has an influence on the grain size, hardness and elasticity module. The highest hardness value of 52.5 GPa was measured at the coatings lacking a clear preferential orientation. The adhesion of the coatings showed a critical load in the range of 29-64 N. KW - cathodic arc deposition KW - nanohardness KW - TiCN coatings KW - XRD analysis Y1 - 2018 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11665-018-3754-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-018-3754-3 SN - 1544-1024 SN - 1059-9495 VL - 28 IS - 1 SP - 343 EP - 354 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Steinert, Christian A1 - Wälder, Olga T1 - Learning Analytics in Moodle. Datenerfassung und Auswertung in einem Mathematik-Onlinekurs T2 - FNMA Magazin N2 - Im Rahmen des BMBF geförderten Projektes „Exzellenz von Studium und Lehre“ an der BTU Cottbus-Senftenberg (BTU) erhalten Studierende eine Unterstützung in Form von digitalen Selbstlernmaterialien. Den Studierenden der Ingenieurswissenschaften wird im ersten Studienjahr in dem Modul Mathematik eine Mischung aus interaktiven Lernmaterialien, Lernvideos und wöchentlichen digitalen Tests zur Verfügung gestellt (Steinert, Kutzner & Wälder, 2017). Die Nutzungsaktivitäten der Studierenden wurden über all diese digitalen Materialien hinweg während des Wintersemesters 2017/18 erfasst. Zugleich wurden auch die Tätigkeiten der Studierenden bis hin zur Materialebene (Zugriffe, Beiträge, Zeit der Aufrufe einer Aktivität) aufgenommen. Die so erfassten Daten wurden ausgewertet, um einen Überblick zu weiteren Entwicklungspotentialen in der Online-Lehre der BTU zu erhalten. KW - Datenerfassung, Datenauswertung, Online-Lehre Y1 - 2018 UR - https://www.fnm-austria.at/fileadmin/user_upload/documents/Magazin/2018-01.pdf SN - 2410-5244 VL - 2018 IS - 1 SP - 20 EP - 23 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Beirow, Bernd A1 - Figaschewsky, Felix A1 - Kühhorn, Arnold A1 - Bornholm, Alfons T1 - Vibration Analysis of an Axial Turbine Blisk with Optimized Intentional Mistuning Pattern T2 - Journal of Sound and Vibration N2 - With the objective of attenuating the forced response of an axial turbine blisk for ship Diesel engine applications efforts have been made to increase the aerodynamic damping contribution for the most critical modes. In this regard the potential of intentional mistuning is investigated since it offers the opportunity to ensure a safe operation without a severe loss of aerodynamic performance. Genetic algorithms have been chosen to derive an optimized mistuning pattern resulting in a forced response clearly below that of the tuned counterpart. In order to keep the manufacturing effort within a limit only two possible blade geometries are allowed, which means that an integer optimization problem has been formulated. For the purpose of demonstrating the benefit of the intentional mistuning pattern found, two blisk prototypes have been manufactured: One with and another one without employing intentional mistuning for purposes of comparison. Furthermore, this offers the opportunity for an experimental determination of actually manufactured mistuning and other modal properties as well. The experimental data basis is employed to update structural models, which are well suited to demonstrate the forced response reduction under operational conditions. Finally, the robustness of the gain achieved with intentional mistuning could be proved towards both additional but unavoidable random structural and aerodynamic mistuning. KW - Balde integradet disk KW - Intentional mistuning KW - Vibration KW - Forced response KW - Optimization Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2018.10.064 SN - 0022-460X VL - 442 SP - 11 EP - 27 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Baartse, Martijn A1 - Meer, Klaus T1 - Interactive proofs and a Shamir-like result for real number computations T2 - Computational Complexity Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00037-018-0174-6 SN - 1016-3328 SN - 1420-8954 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Figaschewsky, Felix A1 - Hanschke, Benjamin A1 - Kühhorn, Arnold T1 - Efficient Generation of Engine Representative Tip Timing Data Based on a Reduced Order Model for Bladed Rotors T2 - Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power KW - Vibration KW - Blades KW - Deflection KW - Engines KW - Probes KW - Signals KW - Rotors KW - Uncertainty KW - Errors KW - Simulation Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4040748 SN - 0742-4795 SN - 1528-8919 VL - 141 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Prill, Robert A1 - Schulz, Robert A1 - Michel, Sven T1 - Tissue flossing: a new short-duration compression therapy for reducing exercise-induced delayed-onset muscle soreness. A randomized, controlled and double-blind pilot cross-over trial T2 - The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness N2 - OBJECTIVES: The symptomatic reduction of exercise-induced delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is of great interest in the fields of Sports Medicine and Physical Therapy. At this time, few therapeutic interventions have proven their effectiveness. One of the most promising interventions is Compression Therapy. The object of this study is Tissue Flossing, a therapeutic short-term compression method and whether its post-exercise application can reduce the extent of perceived DOMS. DESIGN: randomized, controlled, and double-blind pilot cross-over trial. METHODS: Participants (n = 17) without any musculoskeletal injuries were recruited from university students. Participants performed an exercise protocol and obtained the intervention subsequently on one of both arms. Participants had to return for a second day to perform the whole procedure again, this time receiving the flossing intervention on the other arm. At both time points their opposite arms served as the control. The primary outcome measure was a patient reported visual analogue scale 100mm. RESULTS: The mean value of DOMS of the flossed arm was 42mm compared to the non-flossed arm with 48mm. Differences were found to be statistically significant at 24 hours- (p=0,036; α=0.05), as well as at 48 hours post-intervention (p=0,035; α=0.05). Effect sizes were dz=0,408 at 24 hours-and dz=0,411 at 48 hours post-intervention. The clean language effect size was 0.66. CONCLUSIONS: Tissue flossing appears to be an effective method for treating DOMS which is slightly less effective but much more practicable than gold standard treatment. KW - DOMS KW - Muscle KW - Treatment KW - Physiotherapy Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.23736/S0022-4707.18.08701-7 SN - 1827-1928 SN - 0022-4707 VL - 59 IS - 5 SP - 861 EP - 867 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wachs, Sebastian A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Fischer, Saskia M. A1 - Schubarth, Wilfried A1 - Wright, Michelle F. T1 - Students’ Willingness to Intervene in Bullying: Direct and Indirect Associations with Classroom Cohesion and Self-Efficacy T2 - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health N2 - Although school climate and self-efficacy have received some attention in the literature, as correlates of students’ willingness to intervene in bullying, to date, very little is known about the potential mediating role of self-efficacy in the relationship between classroom climate and students’ willingness to intervene in bullying. To this end, the present study analyzes whether the relationship between classroom cohesion (as one facet of classroom climate) and students’ willingness to intervene in bullying situations is mediated by self-efficacy in social conflicts. This study is based on a representative stratified random sample of two thousand and seventy-one students (51.3% male), between the ages of twelve and seventeen, from twenty-four schools in Germany. Results showed that between 43% and 48% of students reported that they would not intervene in bullying. A mediation test using the structural equation modeling framework revealed that classroom cohesion and self-efficacy in social conflicts were directly associated with students’ willingness to intervene in bullying situations. Furthermore, classroom cohesion was indirectly associated with higher levels of students’ willingness to intervene in bullying situations, due to self-efficacy in social conflicts. We thus conclude that: (1) It is crucial to increase students’ willingness to intervene in bullying; (2) efforts to increase students’ willingness to intervene in bullying should promote students’ confidence in dealing with social conflicts and interpersonal relationships; and (3) self-efficacy plays an important role in understanding the relationship between classroom cohesion and students’ willingness to intervene in bullying. Recommendations are provided to help increase adolescents’ willingness to intervene in bullying and for future research. KW - bullying KW - intervention KW - willingness to intervene KW - verbal bullying KW - relational bullying KW - aggression KW - school KW - classroom climate KW - classroom cohesion KW - self-efficacy Y1 - 2018 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/15/11/2577/pdf U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15112577 SN - 1660-4601 VL - 15 IS - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Dieterich, Marianne A1 - Brandt, Thomas T1 - Neuronal network-based mathematical modeling of perceived verticality in acute unilateral vestibular lesions: from nerve to thalamus and cortex T2 - Journal of Neurology Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-018-8909-5 SN - 1432-1459 SN - 0340-5354 VL - 265 IS - Supplement 1 SP - 112 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Chen, Siyi A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Müller, Hermann J. A1 - Conci, Markus T1 - Surface filling-in and contour interpolation contribute independently to Kanizsa figure formation T2 - Journal of Experimental Psychology Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1037/xhp0000540 SN - 1939-1277 SN - 0096-1523 VL - 44 IS - 9 SP - 1399 EP - 1413 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grass, Julia A1 - John, Nancy A1 - Strobel, Anja T1 - Freude am Denken als Schlüssel zum Erfolg? Die Bedeutung von Need for Cognition für subjektives Erleben und Leistung im Studium T2 - Zeitschrift für Pädagogische Psychologie N2 - Need for Cognition (NFC) beschreibt interindividuelle Unterschiede in der Freude an und der Beschäftigung mit anspruchsvollen kognitiven Aufgaben. Bisherige Forschung im akademischen Kontext untersuchte NFC vorrangig im Zusammenhang mit kognitiven und leistungsbezogenen Variablen. In dieser Studie wurde hingegen die Bedeutung von NFC für Erfolg im Studium insbesondere für subjektives Erleben untersucht. Für ein besseres Verständnis wurde die vermittelnde Rolle der regulativen Merkmale Selbstkontrollkapazität, Strategien der Emotionsregulation und Copingverhalten geprüft. Untersucht wurden Lehramtsstudierende (N = 167) als Gruppe, die bereits im Studium eine erhöhte Beanspruchung zeigt. Erwartungskonform hing NFC mit fast allen regulativen Merkmalen zusammen. Bezogen auf Studienerfolg wurden die Annahmen nur teilweise bestätigt: NFC war mit besseren Studienleistungen und einer höheren subjektiven Leistungsfähigkeit assoziiert. Dabei wurde die Vorhersage wahrgenommener Leistungsfähigkeit über regulative Merkmale vermittelt. Zukünftige Studien sollten untersuchen, weshalb in dieser Stichprobe nur ein Teil der Erlebensaspekte mit NFC zusammenhingen und die Ergebnisse für Studierende anderer Fächer prüfen. N2 - Need for Cognition (NFC) describes interindividual differences in the enjoyment of and engagement in cognitively demanding tasks. Previous research examined primarily relations of NFC to cognitive and performance-related variables. The current study investigated the relevance of NFC for affective indicators of study-related success. Additionally, we tested the mediating role of regulative variables, that is, self-control capacity, strategies of emotion regulation, and coping behavior. The sample consisted of teacher students (N = 167), a group that has been shown to experience increased stress levels already in their studies. NFC was associated with almost all regulative variables. Concerning study success, higher NFC went along with better study performance and increased self-evaluated efficacy. NFC predicted subjective accomplishment via some regulative variables. Future studies should examine also students of different subjects and try to figure out why only some subjective indicators of success were associated with NFC in the current sample. KW - Need for Cognition KW - Lehramtsstudium KW - Burnout KW - Studienzufriedenheit KW - Selbstregulation Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1024/1010-0652/a000222 SN - 1664-2910 SN - 1010-0652 VL - 32 IS - 3 SP - 145 EP - 154 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Frederik A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas A1 - Trieschmann, Jan T1 - Consistent Simulation of Capacitive Radio-Frequency Discharges and External Matching Networks T2 - Plasma Sources Science and Technology Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6595/aae429 SN - 1361-6595 SN - 0963-0252 VL - 27 IS - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Frederik A1 - Schulze, Julian A1 - Johnson, Erik A1 - Booth, Jean-Paul A1 - Keil, Douglas A1 - French, David M. A1 - Trieschmann, Jan A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas T1 - Multi Frequency Matching for Voltage Waveform Tailoring T2 - Plasma Sources Science and Technology Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6595/aad2cd SN - 0963-0252 SN - 1361-6595 VL - 27 IS - 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Trieschmann, Jan A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas T1 - Kinetic Bandgap Analysis of Plasma Photonic Crystals T2 - Journal of Applied Physics Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5055282 SN - 0021-8979 SN - 1089-7550 VL - 124 IS - 17 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rietz, René A1 - Cwalinski, Radoslaw A1 - König, Hartmut A1 - Brinner, Andreas T1 - An SDN-based Approach to Ward of LAN Attacks T2 - Journal Computer Networks and Communications Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/4127487 VL - 2018 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rathmann, Katharina A1 - Herke, Max A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Rimpelä, Arja A1 - Hurrelmann, Klaus A1 - Richter, Matthias T1 - Class-level school performance and life satisfaction: Differential sensitivity for low- and high-performing school-aged children T2 - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health N2 - This study investigates whether class-level school performance affects students’ life satisfaction and if there are differential effects for high- and low-performing students. Data were derived from the National Educational Panel Study, including n = 5196 students (49.6% girls), nested in 478 classes and 250 secondary schools. School performance in class was measured by aggregating individual grade point average in Mathematics and German. The study could not reveal the “big-fish-little-pond”-effect regarding students’ life satisfaction but found differential effects for high- vs. low performing students. There was no significant association for low-performing students attending classes with higher class-level performance However, low-performing students revealed the lowest life satisfaction. High-performing students placed in classes with higher average performance reported lower life satisfaction compared to high-performing students in classes with lower average performance. This study provides evidence for the impact of the learning environment in class on school-aged children’s life satisfaction, by highlighting the differential sensitivity of high-performing students when placed in classes with higher or lower average performance. KW - school performance KW - social comparision KW - life satisfaction KW - big-fish-little-pond-effect KW - multilevel analysis KW - National Educational Panel Study Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15122750 SN - 1660-4601 SN - 1661-7827 VL - 15 IS - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weber, Robby A1 - Kühhorn, Arnold T1 - Mistuning Identification Approach With Focus on High-Speed Centrifugal Compressors T2 - Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power KW - Compressors KW - Blades KW - Vibration Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4040999 SN - 1528-8919 SN - 0742-4795 VL - 14 IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd A1 - Herrmann, Marc A1 - Herzog, Roland A1 - Schmidt, Stephan A1 - Vidal-Núñez, José T1 - Discrete Total Variation with Finite Elements and Applications to Imaging T2 - Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision : (JMIV) N2 - The total variation (TV)-seminorm is considered for piecewise polynomial, globally discontinuous (DG) and continuous (CG) finite element functions on simplicial meshes. A novel, discrete variant (DTV) based on a nodal quadrature formula is defined. DTV has favorable properties, compared to the original TV-seminorm for finite element functions. These include a convenient dual representation in terms of the supremum over the space of Raviart–Thomas finite element functions, subject to a set of simple constraints. It can therefore be shown that a variety of algorithms for classical image reconstruction problems, including TV-L2 and TV-L1, can be implemented in low and higher-order finite element spaces with the same efficiency as their counterparts originally developed for images on Cartesian grids. KW - Discrete total variaton KW - Dual problem KW - Image reconstruction KW - Numerical algorithms Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10851-018-0852-7 SN - 0924-9907 SN - 1573-7683 VL - 61 IS - 4 SP - 411 EP - 431 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Harder, Felix T1 - Legendre Forms in Reflexive Banach Spaces T2 - Zeitschrift für Analysis und ihre Anwendungen N2 - Legendre forms are used in the literature for second-order sufficient optimality conditions of optimization problems in (reflexive) Banach spaces. We show that if a Legendre form exists on a reflexive Banach space, then this space is already isomorphic to a Hilbert space. KW - Legendre form KW - second-order optimality conditions KW - Hilbertizable space KW - quadratic form KW - coercive bilinear form Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4171/ZAA/1619 SN - 1661-4534 SN - 0232-2064 VL - 37 IS - 4 SP - 377 EP - 388 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Abang, Roger Atini A1 - Weiß, Sabine A1 - Krautz, Hans Joachim T1 - Impact of increased power plant cycling on the oxidation and corrosion of coal-fired superheater materials T2 - Fuel N2 - As power generation from variable renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power continues to increase in the future, fewer baseload power plants will be needed. As a result, high operational flexibility is becoming a vital requirement for conventional power plants to allow for the smooth integration of the variable renewable energy sources (v-RES) into the grid. To understand the impact of high operational flexibility (increased cycling) for coal-fired power plant materials, five commercial coal boiler superheater and reheater materials were investigated under isothermal and cyclic conditions for 1000 h each. The candidate alloys investigated were: T91, VM12-SHC, TP347-HFG, DMV304 HCu and DMV310 N. The results (weight change kinetics and metallographic analysis) after exposure at a metal surface temperature of 650 °C clearly showed the impact of increased flexibility on the corrosion and oxidation of the materials. Oxide growth (weight gain), metal loss, oxide spallation, and grain boundary attack were found to be more severe under cyclic conditions than under isothermal conditions. KW - Power plant flexibility, Isothermal oxidation, Cyclic oxidation, High temperature corrosion, Superheaters Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2018.02.047 SN - 0016-2361 VL - 2018 IS - 220 SP - 521 EP - 534 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Santhanakrishnan Balakrishnan, Venkateswaran A1 - Seidlitz, Holger A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Layup Configuration Effect on Notch Residual Strength in Composite Laminates T2 - Materials N2 - The current trend shows an increasing demand for composites due to their high stiffness to weight ratio and the recent progress in manufacturing and cost reduction of composites. To combine high strength and stiffness in a cost-effective way, composites are often joined with steel or aluminum. However, joining of thermoset composite materials is challenging because circular holes are often used to join them with their metal counterparts. These design based circular holes induce high stress concentration around the hole. The purpose of this paper is to focus on layup configuration and its impact on notch stress distribution. To ensure high quality and uniformity, the holes were machined by a 5 kW continuous wave (cw) CO2 laser. The stress distribution was evaluated and compared by using finite element analysis and Lekhnitskii’s equations. For further understanding, the notch strength of the laminates was compared and strain distributions were analyzed using the digital image correlation technique. KW - composite KW - notch stress KW - digital image correlation KW - ekhnitskii’s equation Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11020308 SN - 1996-1944 VL - 11 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Böllmann, Jörg A1 - Engelbrecht, Steffen A1 - Martienssen, Marion T1 - Autofluorescent characteristics of Candidatus Brocadia fulgida and the consequences for FISH and microscopic detection T2 - Systematic and Applied Microbiology N2 - An enrichment culture of Candidatus Brocadia fulgida was identified by three independent methods: analysis of autofluorescence using different microscope filter blocks and a fluorescence spectrometer, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with anammox-specific probes and partial sequencing of the 16S rDNA, hydrazine synthase hzsA and hydrazine oxidoreductase hzo. The filter block BV-2A (400–440, 470 LP, Nikon) was suitable for preliminary detection of Ca. B. fulgida. An excitation-emission matrix revealed three pairs of excitation-emission maxima: 288–330 nm, 288–478 nm and 417–478 nm. Several autofluorescent cell clusters could not be stained with DAPI or by FISH, suggesting empty but intact cells (ghost cells) or inhibited permeability. Successful staining of autofluorescent cells with the FISH probes Ban162 and Bfu613, even at higher formamide concentrations, suggested insufficient specificity of Ban162. Under certain conditions, Ca. B. fulgida lost its autofluorescence, which reduced the reliability of autofluorescence for identification and detection. Non-fluorescent Ca. Brocadia cells could not be stained with Ban162, but with Bfu613 at higher formamide concentrations, suggesting a dependency between both parameters. The phylogenetic analysis showed only good taxonomical clustering of the 16S rDNA and hzsA. In conclusion, careful consideration of autofluorescent characteristics is recommended when analysing and presenting FISH observations of Ca. B. fulgida to avoid misinterpretations and misidentifications. KW - 16S rDNA KW - Hydrazine synthase hzsA KW - Hydrazine oxidase hzo KW - FISH KW - Candidatus Kuenenia stuttgartiensi KW - Candidatus Brocadia fulgida Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.syapm.2018.09.002 SN - 1618-0984 SN - 0723-2020 VL - 42 IS - 2 SP - 135 EP - 144 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Dye Tracer Visualization of Infiltration Patterns in Soils on Relict Charcoal Hearths T2 - Frontiers in Environmental Sciences Y1 - 2018 UR - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2018.00143/full U6 - https://doi.org/doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2018.00143 VL - 6 SP - 1 EP - 14 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Chami, Maximilian F. T1 - Sacred Limestone Caves: Effectiveness of Heritage Legislation and Institutions in Managing Sacred Heritage Places in Tanzania T2 - South Asian Journal of Tourism & Heritage Y1 - 2018 UR - http://www.sajth.com/journal/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/001-Maxmillan_sajth-jULY-01.pdf VL - 11 IS - 2 SP - 5 EP - 15 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Martı́nez-Aranda, Sergio A1 - Fernández-Pato, Javier A1 - Caviedes-Voullième, Daniel A1 - García-Palacín, Ignacio A1 - García-Navarro, Pilar T1 - Towards transient experimental water surfaces: A new benchmark dataset for 2D shallow water solver T2 - Advances in Water Resources N2 - In the past decade, shallow water solvers have dramatically improved both in terms of accuracy and computational power. New mathematical models and numerical schemes have been systematically verified against 1D exact solutions and laboratory experiments. Despite the two-dimensional nature of some of these benchmark tests, none of them reports complete 2D water depth fields, but only a few profiles are measured and reported in the best case. This work reports a new benchmarking dataset for validation of shallow water solvers, in which two-dimensional transient water depth measurements are available for complex steady and transient laboratory flume experiments, ranging from transcritical steady flow to dam-break flows around obstacles and complex beds. The transient water surface was measured using a commercial-grade RGB-D sensing device which allows to capture a succession of color-coded point clouds at a high frequency. These experimental measurements are compared with 2D shallow water simulations carried out with an extensively tested finite volume solver. Results asses the suitability of this dataset to perform as benchmark tests, identifying potential limitations of current and future models. KW - Finite volumes KW - Shallow water equations KW - 3D-Sensing KW - RGB-D Sensor KW - Transient free-surface flow Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2018.08.013 SN - 0309-1708 SN - 1872-9657 VL - 121 SP - 130 EP - 149 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Amanpour, Saman A1 - Huck, Daniel A1 - Kuprat, Mark Sebastian A1 - Schwarz, Harald T1 - Integrated energy in Germany–A critical look at the development and state of integrated energies in Germany T2 - Frontiers in Energy N2 - This paper discusses the role of integrated energy systems in supporting of sustainable solutions for future energy transitions. Moreover, the reinforcement of this movement with the help of different technologies will be discussed and the development of integrated energy systems in Germany will be reviewed. KW - integrated energy KW - renewable energies KW - energy transition KW - power-to-gas KW - power-to-heat KW - power-to-mobility KW - energy storage Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11708-018-0570-2 SN - 2095-1701 SN - 2095-1698 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Prill, Robert A1 - Michel, Sven A1 - Schulz, Robert A1 - Appell Coriolano, Hans-Joachim T1 - Body Composition and Strength Parameters in Elite Judo Athletes 5 Years after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction T2 - International Journal of Sports Medicine N2 - The purpose of this study was to investigate if there are still deficits in muscle mass or strength capabilities in elite judo athletes with a history of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) after their return to the sport. Therefore, bioimpedance analysis, 3D-laser thigh circumference measurement and isokinetic dynamometry in a closed kinetic chain were used. The side-to-side differences were investigated in a group of judo athletes 5 years after ACLR (n=17) and compared with a group of healthy judo athletes (n=27). Neither thigh circumferences, nor muscle masses of the lower extremities differed in formerly injured judo athletes compared to healthy judo athletes. In contrast, isokinetic strength testing showed a significantly larger side-to-side difference of peak muscle force in formerly injured judo athletes (p=0.021). They provided significantly lower peak forces with the formerly injured leg than with the non-injured leg (p<0.001). The authors conclude that strength capabilities, but not body composition, remains altered in recovered judo athletes in mean 5 years after ACLR and definitely after their return to sports. This indicates that the focus of rehabilitation protocols and return to sports assessments should focus more on maximum strength capabilities. KW - ACLR KW - back to competition KW - strength KW - body composition Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/a-0787-1420 SN - 1439-3964 SN - 0172-4622 VL - 40 IS - 1 SP - 38 EP - 42 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lampert, Thomas A1 - Kuntz, Benjamin A1 - Schneider, Sven A1 - Spallek, Jacob T1 - Soziale Ungleichheit und Gesundheit: die Entwicklung sozialepidemiologischer Forschung in Deutschland T2 - Public Health Forum N2 - Die Sozialepidemiologie befasst sich mit der sozialen Verteilung von Erkrankungsrisiken und Gesundheitschancen und den daraus resultierenden gesundheitlichen Ungleichheiten. Für die letzten 20 Jahre lässt sich ein kontinuierlicher Zuwachs an sozialepidemiologischen Forschungsbefunden in Deutschland konstatieren. Mit den gesundheitlichen Ungleichheiten und den sozialen Determinanten der Gesundheit adressiert die Sozialepidemiologie Kernbereiche von Public Health, deren Bearbeitung auch in Zukunft erheblichen Einfluss auf die wissenschaftlichen, politischen und praxisorientierten Perspektiven des Fachs haben dürfte. KW - gesundheitliche Ungleichheiten KW - Public Health KW - Sozialepidemiologie KW - soziale Ungleichheit Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/pubhef-2018-0062 SN - 0944-5587 SN - 1876-4851 VL - 26 IS - 3 SP - 212 EP - 215 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoffmann, Stephanie A1 - Spallek, Jacob T1 - Migration, Gesundheit und soziale Lage T2 - Public Health Forum N2 - Das Zusammenspiel zwischen Migration, Gesundheit und sozialer Lage ist durch verschiedene Wirkmechanismen gekennzeichnet. Die soziale Lage beeinflusst gesundheitliche Chancen und Risiken sowie die Migration selbst und trägt dazu bei, ob migrationsbedingte Einflüsse auf die Gesundheit verstärkt oder abgeschwächt werden. Migration ist bedeutend für die Erklärung gesundheitlicher Ungleichheit, obgleich Verzerrungen und Messartefakte bei Interpretationen berücksichtigt werden müssen. KW - Gesundheitliche Ungleichheit KW - Migration KW - Sozialstatus Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/pubhef-2018-0107 SN - 1876-4851 SN - 0944-5587 VL - 26 IS - 4 SP - 345 EP - 348 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bacher, Christian A1 - Lebedynskyy, Volodymyr A1 - Fischer, Silvio A1 - Riebel, Ulrich T1 - Discharge electrode geometry and energy efficiency in a one-stage wire-tube electrostatic precipitator operating at high concentrations of submicron liquid aerosol T2 - Environmental Technology N2 - In order to help answering the question “Which electrode design is the best?”, the precipitation performance of a tubular ESP was determined for different electrode designs with special attention to specific energy consumption. Experiments were conducted in a wire-tube arrangement with a high loading of liquid submicron particles causing strong space charge effects, also known as corona quenching. The experiments are supplemented by numerical simulation results showing the effect of residence time and power consumption on separation efficiency. KW - gas cleaning KW - electrostatic precipitation KW - energy efficiency KW - electrode design KW - electrode shape KW - corona quenching KW - precipitation performance KW - particle removal Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/09593330.2018.1555613 SN - 0959-3330 SN - 1479-487X ER - TY - GEN A1 - Arce, María Isabel A1 - Mendoza-Lera, Clara A1 - Almagro, Maria A1 - Mutz, Michael T1 - A conceptual framework for understanding the biogeochemistry of dry riverbeds through the lens of soil science T2 - Earth-Science Reviews KW - Cross-ecosystem research KW - Drought KW - Sediments Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2018.12.001 SN - 0012-8252 VL - 188 SP - 441 EP - 453 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kreuz, Sebastian A1 - Müsgens, Felix T1 - Measuring the cost of renewable energy in Germany T2 - The Electricity Journal N2 - Electricity generation from renewable energy is increasing globally. However, in most electricity systems this growth comes at a price in the form of increased costs. This paper quantifies the costs for renewable energy installations built in Germany between 2000 and 2011. Our analysis sheds light on the ‘Energiewende’ in Germany, which is a front runner in the worldwide renewables rollout. To evaluate cost, benefits and policy instruments, the methodology can also be applied to other countries. KW - energy modelling KW - electricity system KW - renewable energy KW - cost-benefit analysis Y1 - 2018 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tej.2018.04.002 SN - 1040-6190 VL - 31 IS - 4 SP - 29 EP - 33 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Engelhorn, Thorsten A1 - Müsgens, Felix T1 - How to estimate wind-turbine infeed with incomplete stock data: A general framework with an application to turbine-specific market values in Germany T2 - Energy Economics N2 - This paper analyses market values of wind energy converters at the individual turbine level on a very large scale. Such an analysis is usually precluded by the lack of detailed public data on the stock of wind turbines. We therefore present a general method to estimate incomplete turbine stock data and generate hourly yields of individual turbines based on completed turbine stock data and highly disaggregated hourly wind speed data. On this basis, we calculate hourly infeed and annual market values of up to 25,700 wind turbines in Germany from 2005 to 2015. We show the spread in market values on turbine level, quantify regional differences and discuss the effect of turbine age on market values. We show that turbines in central Germany have, on average, lower market values than turbines in the north, south or far west of Germany. Furthermore, we show that modern turbines reach higher market values than older turbines. We also analyse the drivers of market values, differentiating between infeed-price correlation and standard deviation. KW - renewable energy sources KW - wind energy KW - bottom-up modeling KW - cost minimization KW - market value KW - power curves Y1 - 2018 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2018.04.022 UR - https://www-docs.b-tu.de/fg-energiewirtschaft/public/Veroeffentlichungen/WP_Engelhorn_Muesgens_2017.pdf UR - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tX4x3kUQBlk&t=15s SN - 0140-9883 VL - 72 SP - 542 EP - 557 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nowack, Kati A1 - Van Der Meer, Elke T1 - The synchrony effect revisited: chronotype, time of day and cognitive performance in a semantic analogy task T2 - Chronobiology International N2 - The synchrony effect (i.e. superior performance at optimal, inferior performance at suboptimal times of day) has been broadly studied within the context of circadian rhythms. Whether one chronotype copes better with the synchrony effect than the other received only insufficient empirical attention. We report on an applied experimental study investigating the impact of chronotype on the synchrony effect in a semantic analogy task. To detect an analogy, 36 participants (12 males) aged between 18 and 40 had to decide whether the relation between events of a source pair was mirrored by the relation between events of a target pair (e.g. to cook: to eat = to saddle: to ride). Temporal orientation of the relation within each event pair was varied corresponding either to the chronological or reverse order. Response times (RTs), error rates, as well as the psychophysiological parameters pre-experimental pupil baseline and peak pupil dilation replicate findings of a synchrony effect (shorter RTs and allocation of less cognitive resources at optimal times of day) and show an impact of chronotype (morning types generally outperforming evening types). Most importantly, morning types appeared to cope better with the synchrony effect than evening types: At suboptimal times, morning types solved the analogy detection task more efficient; that is faster with the same accuracy and without the investment of more cognitive resources. They also showed greater alertness and wakefulness indexed by greater pre-experimental pupil baselines. At optimal times of day, morning types have more cognitive resources available to allocate these to the more demanding conditions to outperform evening types. We interpret these findings to suggest that morning types are more able to adapt to unfavourable circumstances (for instance, by avoiding wasteful resource allocation when there are less cognitive resources available). Evening types appear less able to adapt to suboptimal times than morning types, because they have to deal with social jetlag and decreased self-control.zeige weniger Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/07420528.2018.1500477 SN - 0742-0528 SN - 1525-6073 VL - 35 IS - 12 SP - 1647 EP - 1662 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Martens, Christian A1 - Bill, Andreas A1 - Seibold, Götz T1 - Phase separation and proximity effects in itinerant ferromagnet/superconductor heterostructures T2 - Physical Review B N2 - Heterostructures made of itinerant ferromagnets and superconductors are studied. In contrast to most previous models, ferromagnetism is not enforced by an effective Zeeman field but induced in a correlated single-band model (CSBM) that displays itinerant ferromagnetism as a mean-field ground state. In this model superconductivity and magnetism are both calculated self-consistently. We calculate the magnitude of the magnetization, the superconducting correlations, and variations of the charge density self-consistently for a superconducting-magnetic bilayer by solving the Bogoliubov–de Gennes equations on a two-dimensional lattice. We determine all three quantities as a function of the Coulomb repulsion U and the ferromagnetic exchange interaction J. The CSBM displays a variety of features not present in the Zeeman exchange model—for example, the occurrence of electronic phase separation and the competition of magnetic and superconducting orders far away from the interface. KW - charge order KW - Exchange interaction KW - Ferromagnetism KW - Local density of states KW - Microphase separation KW - Proximity effect KW - Superconducting order parameter Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.98.174513 SN - 2469-9969 SN - 1095-3795 VL - 98 IS - 17 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wegener, Thomas T1 - Sinnvoll oder sinnfrei? Zur Darstellung von Geschichte im historischen Spielfilm T2 - Schriften zur Kultur- und Mediensemiotik | Online N2 - Ausgehend von den gattungsspezifischen Besonderheiten des Historienfilms zeigt Thomas Wegener anhand zahlreicher Beispiele, dass der historische Spielfilm höchst eklektizistische Geschichtsbilder (nach)zeichnet. Diese Geschichtsbilder basieren einerseits überwiegend auf Vorstellungen des 19. Jahrhunderts, andererseits auf einer aus dem Faschismus bekannten Bildsprache. Keiner der Filme berücksichtigt den aktuellen historischen Forschungsstand. Vielmehr kommentieren die dargestellten, vergangenen, Welten aktuelle Ereignisse und Konflikte und spiegeln rezente Werte und Normen wider. Daher scheint es, so Thomas Wegener, für die historiographische Forschung sinnvoller zu sein, weniger nach dem „richtig“ oder „falsch“ zu fragen, sondern angesichts der enormen Breitenwirkung des Medium Films zu erörtern, wie genau Geschichte im Spielfilm gedacht und inszeniert wird. KW - Historienfilm, Antike, Mittelalter, Geschichtsbild, Bildsprache Y1 - 2018 UR - https://ojs3.uni-passau.de/index.php/skms/issue/view/16 U6 - https://doi.org/10.15475/skms.2018.1.1 SN - 2364-9224 VL - 5 SP - 9 EP - 36 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ostwald, Christian T1 - Filmischer Raum als Ort der Kontemplation in Andrej Tarkovskijs STALKER T2 - Schriften zur Kultur- und Mediensemiotik | Online N2 - Christian Ostwald widmet sich in seinem Beitrag ganz und gar Andrej Tarkovskijs STALKER (SU 1979). Er geht der Frage nach, worin sich Tarkovskijs Filmklassiker als Kunstwerk und Medium philosophischen Diskurses begründet. So wird im Einzelnen dargelegt, wie der Diskurs bereits in der archetypischen Figuration und den raumsemantischen Strukturen des Films angelegt ist. Der Beitrag zeigt wie die Permeabilität der diegetischen Grenze erhöht und durch die spezifische Montage Tarkovskijs filmische Räume der Kontemplation eröffnet werden. Dabei widersetzen sich diese kontemplativen Räume – ganz zugunsten einer vornehmlich ästhetischen Erfahrung – einer rein rationalen Rezeption. KW - Grenzüberschreitungstheorie, Ästhetik, Raummodell, Strukturalismus, Film, Lotman, Tarkovskij Y1 - 2018 UR - https://ojs3.uni-passau.de/index.php/skms/article/view/149 U6 - https://doi.org/10.15475/skms.2018.1.3 SN - 2364-9224 VL - 5 SP - 55 EP - 78 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Markova-Nenova, Nonka A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - Fair to the cow or fair to the farmer? The preferences of conventional milk buyers for ethical attributes of milk T2 - Land Use Policy Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2018.07.045 SN - 0264-8377 VL - 79 SP - 223 EP - 239 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Sizova, Irina A1 - Emdadi, Aliakbar T1 - Towards Damage Controlled Hot Forming T2 - Applied Mechanics and Materials Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.885.56 SN - 1662-7482 VL - 85 SP - 56 EP - 63 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Sizova, Irina A1 - Emdadi, Aliakbar T1 - Development of a processing route for Ti-6Al-4V forgings based on preforms made by selective laser melting T2 - Journal of Manufacturing Processes Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmapro.2018.11.011 SN - 1526-6125 SN - 0278-6125 VL - 37 SP - 150 EP - 158 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krüger-Genge, Anne A1 - Steinbrecht, Susanne A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner A1 - Lendlein, Andreas A1 - Jung, Friedrich T1 - Evidence for cytostatic effect of cyclophosphamide on human vein endothelial cells in cancer therapy: preliminary in vitro results. T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-189125 SN - 1875-8622 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 69 IS - 1-2 SP - 267 EP - 276 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kammerer, Sarah A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner T1 - Human Hepatocyte Systems for in vitro Toxicology Analysis. T2 - Journal of Cellular Biotechnology Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/JCB-179012 SN - 2352-3697 SN - 2352-3689 VL - 3 IS - 2 SP - 85 EP - 93 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kammerer, Sarah A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner T1 - Optimized protocol for induction of cytochrome P450 enzymes 1A2 and 3A4 in human primary-like hepatocyte cell strain HepaFH3 to study in vitro toxicology T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-189321 SN - 1386-0291 SN - 1875-8622 VL - 70 IS - 4 SP - 563 EP - 571 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Steinbrecht, Susanne A1 - König, Rosalie A1 - Schmidtke, Kai-Uwe A1 - Herzog, Natalie A1 - Scheibner, Katrin A1 - Krüger-Genge, Anne A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Kammerer, Sarah A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner T1 - Metabolic activity testing can underestimate acute drug cytotoxicity as revealed by HepG2 cell clones overexpressing cytochrome P450 2C19 and 3A4 T2 - Toxicology Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tox.2018.11.008 SN - 0300-483X VL - 412 SP - 37 EP - 47 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gutic, Sanjin J. A1 - Kozlica, Dzevad K. A1 - Bajuk-Bogdanovic, Danica A1 - Mitric, Miodrag A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Mentus, Slavko V. A1 - Pasti, Igor A. T1 - Electrochemical tuning of capacitive response of graphene oxide T2 - Physical Chemistry, Chemical Physics N2 - The increasing energy demands of modern society require a deep understanding of the properties of energy storage materials, as well as the tuning of their performance. We show that the capacitance of graphene oxide (GO) can be precisely tuned using a simple electrochemical reduction route. In situ resistance measurements, in combination with cyclic voltammetry measurements and Raman spectroscopy, have shown that upon reduction GO is irreversibly deoxygenated, which is further accompanied by structural ordering and an increase in electrical conductivity. The capacitance is maximized when the concentration of oxygen functional groups is properly balanced with the conductivity. Any further reduction and deoxygenation leads to a gradual loss of capacitance. The observed trend is independent of the preparation route and the exact chemical and structural properties of GO. It is proposed that an improvement in the capacitive properties of any GO can be achieved by optimization of its reduction conditions. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/C8CP03631D SN - 1463-9084 SN - 1463-9076 VL - 35 IS - 20 SP - 22698 EP - 22709 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hammami, Asma A1 - Raouafi, Noureddine A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Electrically controlled Michael addition: Addressing of covalent immobilization of biological receptors T2 - Biosensors and Bioelectronics N2 - Electrically addressed covalent immobilization of biomolecules to the defined electrodes of an electrode array is described. It is based on Michael addition of the thiol group of biomolecules to α,β-unsaturated carbonyl groups of benzoquinone. This “click” reaction was tested by immobilization of a number of thiolated compounds on the simplest array consisting of two gold electrodes coated by a self-assembled monolayer of benzoquinone-terminated hexanethiol. Electrically controlled binding of hexanethiol, ferrocenylhexanethiol, human serum albumin and thiol-terminated single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) was investigated. The binding was studied using cyclic voltammetry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and surface plasmon resonance. The reaction requires the oxidized state of the benzoquinone moiety; this can be reached by applying of a moderate anodic potential to the electrode. Surface plasmon resonance measurements demonstrated that the thiol-modified ssDNA immobilized by this technique binds complementary synthetic oligonucleotides or PCR-amplified DNA fragments. The developed technology of electrical addressing of covalent immobilization can be applied for fabrication of sensor arrays. KW - Self-assembled monolayer Immobilization of biomolecules Addressable immobilization Michael addition Cyclic voltammetry Surface plasmon resonance Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2018.08.044 SN - 1873-4235 SN - 0956-5663 VL - 121 SP - 72 EP - 79 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krüger-Genge, Anne A1 - Braune, Steffen A1 - Walter, Maria A1 - Kratz, Karl A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner A1 - Krengel, M. A1 - Lendlein, Andreas A1 - Jung, Friedrich T1 - Influence of surface treatments of poly(n-butyl acrylate) networks on fibroblasts adhesion, morphology and viability T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-189130 SN - 1875-8622 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 69 IS - 1-2 SP - 305 EP - 316 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nowak, Elisabeth A1 - Kammerer, Sarah A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner T1 - ATP-based cell viability assay is superior to trypan blue exclusion and XTT assay in measuring cytotoxicity of anticancer drugs Taxol and Imatinib, and proteasome inhibitor MG-132 on human hepatoma cell line HepG2. T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-189120 SN - 1386-0291 SN - 1875-8622 VL - 69 IS - 1-2 SP - 327 EP - 336 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Aranda, Carmen A1 - Ullrich, René A1 - Kiebist, Jan A1 - Scheibner, Katrin A1 - Río, José C. del A1 - Hofrichter, Martin A1 - Martínez, Angel T. A1 - Gutiérrez, Ana T1 - Selective synthesis of the resveratrol analogue 4,4′-dihydroxy-trans-stilbene and stilbenoids modification by fungal peroxygenases T2 - Catalysis Science & Technology N2 - This work gives first evidence that the unspecific peroxygenases (UPOs) from the basidiomycetes Agrocybe aegerita (AaeUPO), Coprinopsis cinerea (rCciUPO) and Marasmius rotula (MroUPO) are able to catalyze the regioselective hydroxylation of trans-stilbene to 4,4′-dihydroxy-trans-stilbene (DHS), a resveratrol (RSV) analogue whose preventive effects on cancer invasion and metastasis have very recently been shown. Nearly complete transformation of substrate (yielding DHS) was achieved with the three enzymes tested, using H2O2 as the only co-substrate, with AaeUPO showing exceptionally higher total turnover number (200 000) than MroUPO (26 000) and rCciUPO (1400). Kinetic studies demonstrated that AaeUPO was the most efficient enzyme catalyzing stilbene dihydroxylation with catalytic efficiencies (kcat/Km) one and two orders of magnitude higher than those of MroUPO and rCciUPO, so that 4-hydroxystilbene appears to be the best UPO substrate reported to date. In contrast, the peroxygenase from the ascomycete Chaetomium globosum (CglUPO) failed to hydroxylate trans-stilbene at the aromatic ring and instead produced the trans-epoxide in the alkenyl moiety. In addition, stilbenoids such as pinosylvin (Pin) and RSV were tested as substrates for the enzymatic synthesis of RSV from Pin and oxyresveratrol (oxyRSV) from both RSV and Pin. Overall, lower conversion rates and regioselectivities compared with trans-stilbene were accomplished by three of the UPOs, and no conversion was observed with CglUPO. The highest amount of RSV (63% of products) and oxyRSV (78%) were again attained with AaeUPO. True peroxygenase activity was demonstrated by incorporation of 18O from H218O2 into the stilbene hydroxylation products. Differences in the number of phenylalanine residues at the heme access channels seems related to differences in aromatic hydroxylation activity, since they would facilitate substrate positioning by aromatic-aromatic interactions. The only ascomycete UPO tested (that of C. globosum) turned out to have the most differing active site (distal side of heme cavity) and reactivity with stilbenes resulting in ethenyl epoxidation instead of aromatic hydroxylation. The above oxyfunctionalizations by fungal UPOs represent a novel and simple alternative to chemical synthesis for the production of DHS, RSV and oxyRSV. KW - Peroxygenase Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/C8CY00272J SN - 2044-4761 SN - 2044-4753 VL - 9 IS - 8 SP - 2394 EP - 2401 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Aranda, Carmen A1 - Olmedo, Andrés A1 - Kiebist, Jan A1 - Scheibner, Katrin A1 - Río, José C. del A1 - Martínez, Angel T. A1 - Gutiérrez, Ana T1 - Selective Epoxidation of Fatty Acids and Fatty Acid Methyl Esters by Fungal Peroxygenases T2 - CHEMCATCHEM N2 - Recently discovered fungal unspecific peroxygenases from Marasmius rotula and Chaetomium globosum catalyze the epoxidation of unsaturated fatty acids (FA) and FA methyl esters (FAME), unlike the well‐known peroxygenases from Agrocybe aegerita and Coprinopsis cinerea. Reactions of a series of unsaturated FA and FAME with cis‐configuration revealed high (up to 100 %) substrate conversion and selectivity towards epoxidation, although some significant differences were observed between enzymes and substrates with the best results being obtained with the C. globosum enzyme. This and the M. rotula peroxygenase appear as promising biocatalysts for the environmentally‐friendly production of reactive FA epoxides given their self‐sufficient monooxygenase activity and the high conversion rate and epoxidation selectivity. KW - Peroxygenase Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cctc.201800849 SN - 1867-3899 VL - 10 IS - 18 SP - 3964 EP - 3968 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Michel, Annemarie T1 - Auf der Suche nach dem guten Leben. Nachdenken über die ethischen Funktionen von Musik auf einem Symposium in Cottbus T2 - Üben & musizieren N2 - Beim Symposium „Musik und Ethik“ am Institut für Instrumental- und Gesangspädagogik der Brandenburgischen Technischen Uni- versität Cottbus-Senftenberg unter der Leitung und Konzeption von Katharina Bradler wurden Aspekte von Beziehungen zwischen Menschen, Musik und Welt zum Gegenstand philosophischen, neurowissenschaftlichen sowie musikpädagogischen Nachdenkens. „Kann musikpädagogisches Tun zu einer Gesellschaft beitragen, die integrativ, freundlich, offen, friedlich und frei ist?“, lautete die Leitfrage des interdisziplinären Dialogs. Wer das Verhältnis von Musik und Ethik betrachtet, sucht nach Antworten auf die Frage, ob Musikpraxis zum individuellen guten Leben beitragen kann oder die Art des Umgangs mit ihr ein sozialverträgliches Zusammenleben unterstützt. KW - Musikpädagogik Y1 - 2019 SN - 0174-6065 IS - 1 SP - S. 36 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klimczak, Peter T1 - Mono- und polyisotopische Lesarten von Walther von der Vogelweides Ir reiniu wîp, ir werden man (L. 66,21) und ihre Auswirkungen auf die Strophenanordnung T2 - Schriften zur Kultur- und Mediensemiotik | Online N2 - Peter Klimczak wiederum setzt sich mit Ir reiniu wîp, ir werden man (L. 66,21) mit einer der anspruchsvollsten Dichtungen Walther von der Vogelweides auseinander. Fast ein Jahrhundert lang wurde bezweifelt, ob es sich überhaupt um ein zusammenhängendes Lied handelt und bis jetzt besteht bezüglich der genauen Strophenfolge ein (Rest-)Dissens. Dieser resultiert aus der unterschiedlichen Lesarten des Liedes. Das auf Algirdas J. Greimas und François Rastier zurückgehende Isotopienmodell erlaubt die Differenzierung einer traditionellen, monoisotopischen, von einer progressiven, polyisotopischen, Lesart. Mit letzterer lassen sich entscheidende argumentative Brüche innerhalb und zwischen den Strophen auflösen und das Lied als enigmatischer Metatext über Literatur und Literaturinterpretation lesen. Aus einer solchen Perspektive heraus lässt sich dann auch eine bestimmte Strophenfolge klar präferieren. KW - Isotopie, Interpretation, Mittelhochdeutsch, Lesart, Walther von der Vogelweide Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.15475/skms.2018.1.6 SN - 2364-9224 VL - 5 SP - 149 EP - 170 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Donnerstag, Anke T1 - Die Deutschen und die Nazis. Figurendarstellungen in zeithistorischen Spielfilmen des öffentlich-rechtlichen Fernsehens T2 - Schriften zur Kultur- und Mediensemiotik | Online N2 - Anke Donnerstag geht in ihrer komparativen Betrachtung der Filme DIE GUSTLOFF (D 2008) und EIN WEITES HERZ – SCHICKSALSJAHRE EINER DEUTSCHEN FAMILIE (D 2013) der Frage nach, wie die Deutschen und die Nazis in Fernsehspielfilmen der Gegenwart figuriert werden. Daran schließt sie die Frage an, in welchem Maße die dargestellten Deutschen und Nazis bereits vorhandenen Figurenstereotypen entsprechen. Unter Einbezug einer Studie, die sich mit der familiären Tradierung von Geschichtsbewusstsein befasst, wird im Beitrag erörtert, inwieweit die Figuren der untersuchten Filme durch ihre Darstellung ein Identifikationsangebot für die Gesellschaft bereitstellen. Konkret: Fördern die Figurendarstellungen das gegenwärtige kollektive Geschichtsbild, dass auch die deutsche Zivilbevölkerung als Opfer von Nationalsozialismus und Krieg versteht? KW - Figurendarstellung, Geschichtsbewusstsein, Nazi, Zeithistorischer Spielfilm Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.15475/skms.2018.1.7 SN - 2364-9224 VL - 5 SP - 171 EP - 194 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schilling, Samuel T1 - Die selbstreferentielle Stadt. Kommunikation und die Orte urbaner Öffentlichkeit T2 - Schriften zur Kultur- und Mediensemiotik | Online N2 - Der Beitrag von Samuel Schilling zeichnet aus systemtheoretischer Sicht auf Kommunikation die Überlegungen des Stadtsoziologen Hans-Paul Bahrdt nach. Ihm zufolge stellen besondere Formen des Kommunizierens und Verhaltens ein Merkmal städtischer Öffentlichkeit dar. Die Beschreibung macht Ungenauigkeiten des Kommunikationsbegriffs Bahrdts sichtbar, stellt aber genauso den gleichzeitigen inhaltlichen Wert seiner Überlegungen heraus. Zudem werden Bahrdts Überlegungen zur öffentlichen Sphäre in der Stadt und zur Besonderheit der dortigen Kommunikation um die phänomenologische Beschreibung von Orten des Ethnologen Marc Augé ergänzt. Dergestalt ist es möglich, die Besonderheiten der Orte städtischer Öffentlichkeit genauer zu charakterisieren. KW - Stadtsoziologie, Öffentlichkeit, städtische Semiotik, Kommunikation Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.15475/skms.2018.1.2 SN - 2364-9224 VL - 5 SP - 37 EP - 54 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hart-Rawung, Thawin A1 - Buhl, Johannes A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Extension of a phase transformation model for partial hardening in hot stamping T2 - Journal of Machine Engineering Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.4619 SN - 1895-7595 SN - 2391-8071 VL - 18 IS - 3 SP - 87 EP - 97 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Heinrich, Ingo A1 - Balanzategui, Daniel A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Blasch, Gerald A1 - Blume, Theresa A1 - Böttcher, Falk A1 - Borg, Erik A1 - Brademann, Brian A1 - Brauer, Achim A1 - Conrad, Christopher A1 - Dietze, Elisabeth A1 - Dräger, Nadine A1 - Fiener, Peter A1 - Gerke, Horst H. A1 - Güntner, Andreas A1 - Heine, Iris A1 - Helle, Gerhard A1 - Herbrich, Marcus A1 - Harfenmeister, Katharina A1 - Heußner, Karl-Uwe A1 - Hohmann, Christian A1 - Itzerott, Sibylle A1 - Jurasinski, Gerald A1 - Kaiser, Knut A1 - Kappler, Christoph A1 - Koebsch, Franziska A1 - Liebner, Susanne A1 - Lischeid, Gunnar A1 - Merz, Bruno A1 - Missling, Klaus Dieter A1 - Morgner, Markus A1 - Pinkerneil, Sylvia A1 - Plessen, Birgit A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Ruhtz, Thomas A1 - Sachs, Torsten A1 - Sommer, Michael A1 - Spengler, Daniel A1 - Stender, Vivien A1 - Stüve, Peter A1 - Wilken, Florian T1 - Interdisciplinary Geo-ecological Research across Time Scales in the Northeast German Lowland Observatory (TERENO-NE) T2 - Vadose Zone Journal Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2018.06.0116 SN - 1539-1663 VL - 17 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 25 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maity, Kuntal A1 - Garain, Samiran A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Mandal, Dipankar T1 - Natural Sugar-Assisted, Chemically Reinforced, Highly Durable Piezoorganic Nanogenerator with Superior Power Density for Self-Powered Wearable Electronics T2 - ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces N2 - Natural piezoelectric materials are of increasing interest, particularly for applications in biocompatible, implantable, and flexible electronic devices. In this paper, we introduce a cost-effective, easily available natural piezoelectric material, that is, sugar in the field of wearable piezoelectric nanogenerators (PNGs) where low electrical output, biocompatibility, and performance durability are still critical issues. We report on a high-performance piezoorganic nanogenerator (PONG) based on the hybridization of sugar-encapsulated polyvinylidenefluoride (PVDF) nanofiber webs (SGNFW). We explore the crucial role of single-crystal sugar having a fascinating structure along with the synergistic enhancement of piezoelectricity during nanoconfinement of sugar-interfaced macromolecular PVDF chains. As a consequence, the SGNFW-based PONG exhibits outstanding electricity generation capability (e.g.,∼100 V under 10 kPa human finger impact and maximum power density of 33 mW/m2) in combination with sensitivity to abundantly available different mechanical sources (such as wind flow, vibration, personal electronics, and acoustic vibration). Consequently, it opens up suitability in multifunctional self-powered wearable sensor designs for realistic implementation. In addition, commercially available capacitors are charged up effectively by the PONG because of its rapid energy storage capability. The high performance of the PONG not only offers“battery-free”energy generation (several portable units of light-emitting diodes and a liquid crystal display screen are powered up without using external storage) but also promises its use in wireless signal transmitting systems, which widens the potential in personal health care monitoring. Furthermore, owing to the geometrical stress confinement effect, the PONG is proven to be a highly durable power-generating device validated by stability test over 10 weeks. Therefore, the organic nanogenerator would be a convenient solution for portable personal electronic devices that are expected to operate in a self-powered manner. KW - natural piezoelectric material KW - sugar KW - PVDF KW - organic piezoelectric nanogenerator KW - high performance and durability KW - self-powered electronics Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.8b15320 SN - 1944-8244 SN - 1944-8252 VL - 10 SP - 44018 EP - 44032 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kashkarov, Egor B. A1 - Ryabchikov, Alexander I. A1 - Kurochkin, Alexander A1 - Syrtanov, Maxim S. A1 - Shevelev, Alexey A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Hydrogen Interaction with Deep Surface Modified Zr-1Nb Alloy by High Intensity Ti Ion Implantation T2 - Metals N2 - A deep surface modified TiZr layer was fabricated by high-intensity low-energy titanium ion implantation into zirconium alloy Zr-1Nb. Gas-phase hydrogenation was performed to evaluate protective properties of the modified layer against hydrogen permeation into Zr-1Nb alloy. The effects of ion implantation and hydrogen on microstructure, phase composition and elemental distribution of TiZr layer were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and glow-discharge optical emission spectroscopy, respectively. It was revealed that TiZr layer (~10 μm thickness) is represented by α′ + α(TiZr) lamellar microstructure with gradient distribution of Ti through the layer depth. It was shown that the formation of TiZr layer provides significant reduction of hydrogen uptake by zirconium alloy at 400 and 500 °C. Hydrogenation of the modified layer leads to refinement of lamellar plates and formation of more homogenous microstructure. Hydrogen desorption from Ti-implanted Zr-1Nb alloy was analyzed by thermal desorption spectroscopy. Hydrogen interaction with the surface modified TiZr layer, as well as its resistance properties, are discussed. KW - zirconium alloy KW - titanium KW - low energy ion implantation KW - hydrogen KW - sorption KW - microstructure KW - morphology KW - martensitic phase Y1 - 2018 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/8/12/1081/htm U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/met8121081 SN - 2075-4701 VL - 8 IS - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Strobel, Marcus A1 - Auer, Benjamin R. T1 - Does the predictive power of variable moving average rules vanish over time and can we explain such tendencies? T2 - International Review of Economics and Finance N2 - Recent studies offer striking evidence that, in stock markets, the predictive power of fundamental variables and seasonal effects tends to diminish over time. In this article, we analyse whether this also holds for the popular variable moving average (VMA) rules of Brock et al. (1992). While previous research on this issue has strongly concentrated on US and emerging stock market indices, we fill a research gap by focussing on a wide range of developed market indices and individual stocks. Using a trend regression approach for a dataset covering 1972 to 2015, we find that most analysed trading rule specifications show negative trend coefficients. These results, robust in a variety of settings, indicate that VMA rule signals have steadily lost their ability to forecast future price movements accurately. Analysing several rationales for this outcome, we find that negative trends in the autocorrelation of stock returns are a highly promising explanation for the poorer performance of VMA rules because they are designed to capture autocorrelation. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iref.2017.10.012 SN - 1059-0560 VL - 53 SP - 168 EP - 184 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Degenhardt, Thomas A1 - Auer, Benjamin R. T1 - The 'Sell in May' effect: A review and new empirical evidence T2 - North American Journal of Economics and Finance N2 - In this article, we revisit a stock market anomaly widely known as the “Sell in May” (SIM) effect according to which returns tend to be higher in winter months than in summer months. Motivated by the increased attention this phenomenon has recently received in top-tier finance journals, we provide two contributions. First, we review the academic literature by systematically comparing studies in terms of their country coverage, methodology, results, explanations, trading implications and potential post-publication disappearance in order to derive a general picture on the existence and practical relevance of the SIM effect. Second, we extend the empirical work on the subject by analyzing whether the SIM effect exists in investment universes of highly liquid individual stocks and commodity futures which we would expect to be most efficiently priced. Our results indicate that this is indeed the case (with a higher effect strength in the stock market than in the commodity futures market). Furthermore, our findings support earlier studies showing that the effect is robust (across testing approaches and time) and appears to be concentrated in the industrial sector. However, we find that the SIM effect has become weaker (stronger) in the stock (commodity) market since it has become part of the public information set and that the effectiveness and persuasiveness of standard investment strategies based on the effect are limited. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.najef.2017.09.003 SN - 1062-9408 VL - 43 SP - 169 EP - 205 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Auer, Benjamin R. T1 - Are standard asset pricing factors long-range dependent? T2 - Journal of Economics and Finance N2 - Factor portfolios derived from phenomena identified in the cross-section of stock returns have become vital parts of modern investment products and financial models. Even though much has been learned about the properties of these portfolios in recent years, one issue still remains unaddressed. Are factor returns long-range dependent (LRD)? We seek to answer this important research question because if factor returns were LRD, optimal portfolio decisions and traditional asset pricing methods/tests based on these factors would be severely biased and the validity of a large strand of prior research would be compromised. Specifically, using Hurst exponent approaches within rescaled range and detrended fluctuation frameworks, we analyse the presence of LRD in the returns of factor portfolios formed based on size, book-to-market, momentum and beta characteristics. For the periods from 1931 to 2014 (US market) and 1990 to 2014 (20 international markets) and supported by several robustness checks, we find no systematic evidence of persistence or anti-persistence in the factor returns. This implies that the factor use can be considered unproblematic in both asset management and asset pricing. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12197-017-9385-y SN - 1055-0925 SN - 1938-9744 VL - 42 IS - 1 SP - 66 EP - 88 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Hanxiong A1 - Auer, Benjamin R. A1 - Vortelinos, Dimitrios I. T1 - Performance ranking (dis)similarities in commodity markets T2 - Global Finance Journal N2 - In this article, we revisit recent evidence indicating that the choice of performance measure appears to be irrelevant for the ranking of investment alternatives in the commodity market. Extending the previous literature in several important ways, we provide the following insights into the rankings produced by the 13 most popular performance measures for 24 commodities. First, ranking differences are somewhat larger in the spot market than in the futures market. Second, when we use daily instead of monthly data, performance measures that model reward based on average returns still produce similar performance rankings. However, when data of higher frequency is used for performance measures modeling reward based on higher partial moments, performance rankings differ crucially from those produced by measures focusing on average returns. Finally, the degree of ranking (dis)similarity appears to vary over time. Empirically, then, the choice of performance measure can matter. Nevertheless, our findings do not invalidate recent theoretical results on ranking similarity, because population rankings may not be identical with sample rankings, which are subject to estimation error. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfj.2017.09.001 SN - 1044-0283 VL - 35 SP - 115 EP - 137 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Auer, Benjamin R. T1 - Green, greener, greenest: Identifying ecological trends and leading entities by means of environmental ratings T2 - International Review of Applied Economics N2 - In this article, we analyse whether industries worldwide significantly react to the changing environmental demands of their stakeholders. Specifically, we test the hypothesis of increasing environmentally responsible company behaviour in recent years. We do this by constructing environmental industry ratings based on a novel data-set covering three geographic regions and 42 industries from 2009 to 2015 and by fitting robust trend regression models to these ratings. Interestingly, we cannot observe a general upward trend in all industries and regions. In other words, the ‘green wave’ does not appear to carry all business sectors. This becomes particularly clear when looking at rankings derived from estimated trends. Industries in Europe show especially significant downward trends. Even though most European industries are currently rated higher than their counterparts in the Asia-Pacific region and North America, these trends indicate that Europe may lose this leading position in the future. Besides delivering such general tendencies, our estimated trends combined with the current rating levels provide important decision support. They show which industry sectors and regions are particularly (un)interesting for socially responsible investment products, ecologically conscious applicants or environmentally responsible consumers. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/02692171.2017.1332015 SN - 1465-3486 SN - 0269-2171 VL - 32 IS - 2 SP - 139 EP - 163 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Auer, Benjamin R. T1 - A note on Guo and Xiao's (2016) results on monotonic functions of the Sharpe ratio T2 - Finance Research Letters Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2017.09.023 SN - 1544-6123 VL - 24 SP - 290 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mögel, Benjamin A1 - Auer, Benjamin R. T1 - How accurate are modern Value-at-Risk estimators derived from extreme value theory? T2 - Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11156-017-0652-y SN - 0924-865X SN - 1573-7179 VL - 50 SP - 1030 EP - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Scheller, Felix A1 - Auer, Benjamin R. T1 - How does the choice of Value-at-Risk estimator influence asset allocation decisions? T2 - Quantitative Finance Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/14697688.2018.1459806 SN - 1469-7696 SN - 1469-7688 VL - 18 IS - 12 SP - 2005 EP - 2022 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Neumann, Andreas T1 - Sexualität und Rollenzuweisung der Frau im späten DDR-Fernsehen. Ein beispielhafter Einblick in ein vernachlässigtes Forschungsfeld T2 - Schriften zur Kultur- und Mediensemiotik | Online N2 - Andreas Neumann macht in seinem Beitrag auf einen bisher von der Medien- aber auch Geschichtswissenschaft nur unzureichend beachteten Bereich der DDR-Fernsehforschung aufmerksam: Die Rolle der Frau in Partnerschaft und ihre Sexualität, sowie der Wandel der dementsprechenden Diskurse im Laufe der Zeit. Dabei wird der Grundannahme Michel Foucaults gefolgt, wonach es sich bei der Sexualität um einen besonders dichten Durchgangspunkt für Machtbeziehungen, nicht zuletzt zwischen Mann und Frau sowie Verwaltung und Bevölkerung, handelt. Anhand von drei, durchaus für die ganze Familie konzipierten, Fernsehserien - ABER VATI! (DDR 1974/1979), MÄRKISCHE CHRONIK (DDR 1983) und JOHANNA (DDR 1989) - analysiert Andreas Neumann die Darstellung von weiblichen Rollenbildern und der dazugehörigen Sexualität. Abschließend widmet sich der Beitrag auch den gesellschaftspolitischen Implikationen der aufgezeigten Darstellungen. KW - DDR-Fernsehen, Sexualität, Gender, Machtpolitik, DDR-Gesellschaft Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.15475/skms.2018.1.5 SN - 2364-9224 VL - 5 SP - 123 EP - 148 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Newiak, Denis T1 - Nicht-Ort Bates Motel. Vorüberlegungen zu einer Ikonografie der Einsamkeit in der amerikanischen Moderne T2 - Schriften zur Kultur- und Mediensemiotik | Online N2 - Denis Newiak lotet anhand des umfangreichen filmischen Bildreservoirs von „Psycho“ – von Hitchcocks Klassiker über die Fortsetzungsfilme bis hin zur aktuellen Fernsehserie BATES MOTEL (USA 2013-2017) – die Möglichkeiten einer kinematographischen Ikonografie der Einsamkeit aus. Die Welt von „Psycho“ gilt dabei vorwiegend durch ihre hochgradige Modernität als unerschöpflicher Bildspeicher, der sich vorwiegend aus den „Nicht-Orten“ (Augé) und deren verdächtigen Räumen hinter den Medienoberflächen speist. Unter Zuhilfenahme der Erkenntnisse der Kunstwissenschaft zu Einsamkeitsbildern in Malerei und Fotografie unterbreitet der Autor damit Vorschläge, wie sich eine Ikonografie der Einsamkeit als Abdruck der Moderne als Zeitalter zunehmender Vereinsamung denken ließe. Dies, so der Autor, könnte die Voraussetzung für einen neuartigen methodischen Zugang zu Kunstformen der Moderne im Allgemeinen bilden. KW - Film, Fernsehen, Ikonographie, Popkultur, Psycho, Moderne, Einsamkeit Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.15475/skms.2018.1.4 SN - 2364-9224 VL - 5 SP - 79 EP - 122 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Harder, Felix A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Optimality Conditions for a Class of Inverse Optimal Control Problems With Partial Differential Equations T2 - Optimization: A Journal of Mathematical Programming and Operations Research N2 - We consider bilevel optimization problems which can be interpreted as inverse optimal control problems. The lower-level problem is an optimal control problem with a parametrized objective function. The upper-level problem is used to identify the parameters of the lower-level problem. Our main focus is the derivation of first-order necessary optimality conditions. We prove C-stationarity of local solutions of the inverse optimal control problem and give a counterexample to show that strong stationarity might be violated at a local minimizer. KW - Inverse optimal control problem KW - optimality condition KW - C-stationarity KW - strong stationarity Y1 - 2018 UR - https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02331934.2018.1495205 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/02331934.2018.1495205 SN - 0233-1934 SN - 1029-4945 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bramburger, Stefan A1 - Zinke, Benny A1 - Killat, Dirk T1 - Interpolation algorithm for asynchronous ADC-data T2 - Advances in radio science N2 - This paper presents a modified interpolation algo- rithm for signals with variable data rate from asynchronous ADCs. The Adaptive weights Conjugate gradient Toeplitz matrix (ACT) algorithm is extended to operate with a contin- uous data stream. An additional preprocessing of data with constant and linear sections and a weighted overlap of step- by-step into spectral domain transformed signals improve the reconstruction of the asycnhronous ADC signal. The interpo- lation method can be used if asynchronous ADC data is fed into synchronous digital signal processing. Y1 - 2017 UR - https://www.adv-radio-sci.net/15/163/2017/ars-15-163-2017.pdf U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/ars-15-163-2017 SN - 1684-9973 VL - 15 SP - 163 EP - 168 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Oertel, Simon A1 - Thommes, Kirsten T1 - History as a source of organizational identity creation T2 - Organization Studies Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/0170840618800112 SN - 1741-3044 SN - 0170-8406 VL - 39 IS - 12 SP - 1709 EP - 1731 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hunoldt, Michael A1 - Oertel, Simon A1 - Galander, Anne T1 - Being responsible: How managers aim to implement corporate social responsibility, Business & Society T2 - Business & Society Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/0007650318777738 SN - 1552-4205 SN - 0007-6503 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Oertel, Simon T1 - The role of imprinting on the adoption of diversity management in German universities T2 - Public Administration Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/padm.12384 SN - 1467-9299 SN - 0033-3298 VL - 96 IS - 1 SP - 104 EP - 118 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Oertel, Simon A1 - Söll, Matthias T1 - Universities between traditional forces and modern demands: The role of imprinting on the missions of German universities T2 - Higher Education Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-016-0021-0 SN - 0018-1560 SN - 1573-174X VL - 73 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 18 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Oertel, Simon A1 - Thommes, Kirsten A1 - Walgenbach, Peter T1 - Shadows of the past: The effect of communist heritage on employee consultation T2 - Industrial and Labor Relations Review Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/0019793916639554 SN - 2162-271X SN - 0019-7939 VL - 69 IS - 3 SP - 683 EP - 713 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Günther, Christina A1 - Oertel, Simon A1 - Walgenbach, Peter T1 - It’s all about timing: Age-dependent consequences of founder exits and new member additions T2 - Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/etap.12148 SN - 1540-6520 SN - 1042-2587 VL - 40 IS - 4 SP - 843 EP - 865 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stohwasser, Ralf A1 - Holzhütter, Hermann-Georg A1 - Lehmann, Undine A1 - Henklein, Peter A1 - Kloetzel, Peter-Michael T1 - Hepatitis B virus HBx peptide 116-138 and proteasome activator PA28 compete for binding to the proteasome alpha4/MC6 subunit. T2 - Biological Chemistry Y1 - 2003 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/BC.2003.005 SN - 1437-4315 SN - 1431-6730 VL - 384 IS - 1 SP - 39 EP - 49 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Baus Lončar, Mirela A1 - Al-azzeh, E-d A1 - Sommer, Patricia S. M. A1 - Marinović, Maja A. A1 - Schmehl, K. A1 - Kruschewski, Martin A1 - Blin, Nikolaus A1 - Stohwasser, Ralf A1 - Gött, Peter A1 - Kayademir, Tuncay T1 - Tumour necrosis factor alpha and nuclear factor kappaB inhibit transcription of human TFF3 encoding a gastrointestinal healing peptide T2 - Gut Y1 - 2003 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1136/gut.52.9.1297 SN - 1468-3288 SN - 0017-5749 VL - 52 IS - 9 SP - 1297 EP - 1303 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Groettrup, Marcus A1 - Standera, Sybille A1 - Stohwasser, Ralf A1 - Kloetzel, Peter-Michael T1 - The subunit MECL-1 and LMP2 are mutually required for incorporation into the 20S proteasome. T2 - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Y1 - 1997 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.94.17.8970 SN - 1091-6490 SN - 0027-8424 VL - 94 SP - 8970 EP - 8975 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stohwasser, Ralf A1 - Standera, Sybille A1 - Peters, Inga A1 - Kloetzel, Peter-Michael A1 - Groettrup, Marcus T1 - Molecular cloning of the mouse proteasome subunits MC14 and MECL-1: reciprocally regulated tissue expression of interferon-gamma-modulated proteasome subunits T2 - European Journal of Immunology Y1 - 1997 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/eji.1830270520 SN - 1521-4141 SN - 0014-2980 VL - 27 IS - 5 SP - 1182 EP - 1187 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stohwasser, Ralf A1 - Salzmann, Ulrike A1 - Giesebrecht, Jan A1 - Kloetzel, Peter-Michael A1 - Holzhütter, Hermann-Georg T1 - Kinetic evidences for facilitation of peptide cannelling by the proteasome activator PA28 T2 - European Journal of Biochemistry Y1 - 2000 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1432-1327.2000.01706.x SN - 1432-1033 SN - 0014-2956 VL - 267 SP - 6221 EP - 6230 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stohwasser, Ralf A1 - Giesebrecht, Jan A1 - Kraft, Regine A1 - Müller, Eva-Christiane A1 - Häusler, Karl Georg A1 - Kettenmann, Helmut A1 - Hanisch, Uwe-Karsten A1 - Kloetzel, Peter-Michael T1 - Biochemical analysis of proteasomes from mouse microglia: induction of immunoproteasomes by interferon-gamma and lipopolysaccaride T2 - Glia Y1 - 2000 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1098-1136(20000215)29:4<355::AID-GLIA6>3.0.CO;2-4 SN - 1098-1136 SN - 0894-1491 VL - 29 IS - 4 SP - 355 EP - 365 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kober, Markus A1 - Kühhorn, Arnold A1 - Keskin, Akin T1 - Instabilitätsprobleme bei der impliziten transienten FEM-Simulation schnell rotierender elastischer Strukturen – Beschreibung des Phänomens und Lösungsmöglichkeiten T2 - NAFEMS-Online-Magazin Y1 - 2018 SN - 2311-522X N1 - Download des jeweils aktuellen Hefts: https://www.nafems.org/publications/magazin/ VL - 48 IS - 4 SP - 36 EP - 49 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fuhrmann, Christine T1 - Der Seminar-Garten am ehemaligen Landesseminar in Köthen T2 - Denkmalpflege in Sachsen-Anhalt KW - Gartendenkmalpflege Y1 - 2018 SN - 0949-3506 VL - 2018 IS - 1 SP - 37 EP - 43 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fuhrmann, Christine T1 - Ein Park ist ein Park ist eine Chance. Der Landschaftsgarten Marino bei Kursk. T2 - Stadt + Grün KW - Russische Gartenkunst KW - Gartendenkmalpflege Y1 - 2018 UR - https://stadtundgruen.de/media/PDF/Leseproben/SUG/2018/Blick-in-die-Ausgabe-SUG-08-18.pdf SN - 0948-9770 VL - 2018 IS - 8 SP - 16 EP - 21 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fuhrmann, Christine T1 - Ab ins Wasser. Naturnahe Bäder und nachhaltige Stadtentwicklung. T2 - Stadt + Grün KW - Naturbäder KW - Flussbäder KW - nachhaltige Stadtentwicklung Y1 - 2018 UR - https://stadtundgruen.de/media/PDF/Leseproben/SUG/2018/Blick-in-die-Ausgabe-SUG-10-2018.pdf SN - 0948-9770 VL - 2018 IS - 10 SP - 18 EP - 22 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Sizova, Irina A1 - Geisen, Ole A1 - Fergani, Omar T1 - Comparison of the Hot Working Behavior of Wrought, Selective Laser Melted and Electron Beam Melted Ti-6Al-4V T2 - Materials Science Forum; Trans Tech Publications Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.941.2030 SN - 1662-9752 VL - 941 SP - 2030 EP - 2036 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kloetzel, Peter-Michael A1 - Soza, Andrea A1 - Stohwasser, Ralf T1 - The role of the proteasome system and the proteasome activator PA28 complex in the cellular immune response T2 - Biological Chemistry Y1 - 1999 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/BC.1999.040 SN - 1431-6730 VL - 380 IS - 3 SP - 293 EP - 297 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stohwasser, Ralf A1 - Soza, Andrea A1 - Eggers, Maren A1 - Koszinowski, Ulrich H. A1 - Kloetzel, Peter-Michael T1 - PA28alphabeta double and PA28beta single transfectant mouseB8 cell lines revealenhancedpresentationof a mouse cytomegalovirus (MCMV) pp89 MHC class I epitope T2 - Molecular Immunology Y1 - 2000 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S0161-5890(00)00017-1 SN - 0161-5890 VL - 37 IS - 1/2 SP - 13 EP - 19 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stohwasser, Ralf A1 - Kuckelkorn, Ulrike A1 - Kraft, Regine A1 - Kostka, Susanne A1 - Kloetzel, Peter-Michael T1 - 20S proteasome from LMP7 knock out mice reveals altered proteolytic activities and cleavage site preferences T2 - FEBS Letters Y1 - 1996 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-5793(96)00110-X SN - 1873-3468 SN - 0014-5793 VL - 383 IS - 1/2 SP - 109 EP - 113 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stohwasser, Ralf A1 - Kloetzel, Peter-Michael T1 - Cytokine induced changes in proteasome subunit composition are concentration dependent T2 - Biological Chemistry Y1 - 1996 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/bchm3.1996.377.9.571 SN - 1437-4315 SN - 1431-6730 VL - 377 IS - 9 SP - 571 EP - 577 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Groettrup, Marcus A1 - Kraft, Regine A1 - Kostka, Susanne A1 - Standera, Sybille A1 - Stohwasser, Ralf A1 - Kloetzel, Peter-Michael T1 - A third interferon-gamma-induced subunit exchange in the20S proteasome T2 - European Journal of Immunology Y1 - 1996 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/eji.1830260421 SN - 1521-4141 SN - 0014-2980 VL - 26 IS - 4 SP - 863 EP - 869 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Giebel, Lutz B. A1 - Stohwasser, Ralf A1 - Zöller, Lothar A1 - Bautz, Ekkehard K. F. A1 - Darai, Gholamreza T1 - Determination of the coding capacity of the M genome segment of nephropathia epidemica virus strain Hällnäs B1 by molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence analysis T2 - Virology Y1 - 1989 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/0042-6822(89)90192-X SN - 0042-6822 VL - 172 IS - 2 SP - 498 EP - 505 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zöller, Lothar A1 - Scholz, J. A1 - Stohwasser, Ralf A1 - Giebel, Lutz B. A1 - Sethi, Kamal K. A1 - Bautz, Ekkehard K. F. A1 - Darai, Gholamreza T1 - Immunoblot analysis of the serological response in Hantavirus infections T2 - Journal of Medical Virology Y1 - 1989 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.1890270309 SN - 0146-6615 SN - 1096-9071 VL - 27 IS - 3 SP - 231 EP - 237 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gunther, Victor A1 - Yasenchuk, Yuri A1 - Chekalkin, Timofey A1 - Marchenko, Ekaterina A1 - Gunther, Sergey A1 - Baigonakova, Gulsharat A1 - Hodorenko, Valentina A1 - Kang, Ji-hoon A1 - Weiß, Sabine A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei T1 - Formation of pores and amorphous-nanocrystalline phases in porous TiNi alloys made by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) T2 - Advanced Powder Technology N2 - The objective of this study was to examine the mechanism how the surface of porous TiNi compounds produced by SHS method evolves. The prepared samples were investigated using light-microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The results indicated that the surface of all pores is represented by a granular stratum due to dendrite liquation by peritectic crystallization mechanism. The voids of 2–15 μm in size are formed owing to a capillary spreading of the liquid. Reaction gases with dissociated carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen are responsible for heat-and-mass transfer through the forming pores. High pressure-temperature effect of reaction gases on the melt causes the forming voids to coalesce, as well as transfers the peritectic liquid (PL) throughout the open pores catalyzing a distinctive spitted topography. It is through the chemisorption of gasiform nonmetallics by the pore surface melt, where these impurities are chemically bound, that it was formed a massive corrosion-resistant amorphous-nanocrystalline stratified shell deduced as an intermetallic oxycarbonitride layer. KW - Porous TiNi alloys KW - SHS KW - Pore formation KW - Surface structures KW - Heat-and-mass transfer Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S092188311830387X?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apt.2018.12.011 SN - 0921-8831 VL - 30 IS - 4 SP - 673 EP - 680 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Salmasi, Mehrdad A1 - Loebel, Alex A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Stemmler, Martin T1 - Short-term synaptic depression can increase the rate of information transfer at a release site T2 - PLoS Computational Biology N2 - The release of neurotransmitters from synapses obeys complex and stochastic dynamics. Depending on the recent history of synaptic activation, many synapses depress the probability of releasing more neurotransmitter, which is known as synaptic depression. Our understanding of how synaptic depression affects the information efficacy, however, is limited. Here we propose a mathematically tractable model of both synchronous spike-evoked release and asynchronous release that permits us to quantify the information conveyed by a synapse. The model transits between discrete states of a communication channel, with the present state depending on many past time steps, emulating the gradual depression and exponential recovery of the synapse. Asynchronous and spontaneous releases play a critical role in shaping the information efficacy of the synapse. We prove that depression can enhance both the information rate and the information rate per unit energy expended, provided that synchronous spike-evoked release depresses less (or recovers faster) than asynchronous release. Furthermore, we explore the theoretical implications of short-term synaptic depression adapting on longer time scales, as part of the phenomenon of metaplasticity. In particular, we show that a synapse can adjust its energy expenditure by changing the dynamics of short-term synaptic depression without affecting the net information conveyed by each successful release. Moreover, the optimal input spike rate is independent of the amplitude or time constant of synaptic depression. We analyze the information efficacy of three types of synapses for which the short-term dynamics of both synchronous and asynchronous release have been experimentally measured. In hippocampal autaptic synapses, the persistence of asynchronous release during depression cannot compensate for the reduction of synchronous release, so that the rate of information transmission declines with synaptic depression. In the calyx of Held, the information rate per release remains constant despite large variations in the measured asynchronous release rate. Lastly, we show that dopamine, by controlling asynchronous release in corticostriatal synapses, increases the synaptic information efficacy in nucleus accumbens. Y1 - 2019 UR - https://journals.plos.org/ploscompbiol/article?id=10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006666 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006666 SN - 1553-7358 SN - 1553-734X VL - 15 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwuchow, Sören C. T1 - Military Spending and Inequality in Autocracies: A Simple Model T2 - Peace Economics, Peace Science and Public Policy N2 - In this note, we outline a general framework for analyzing how inequality and military spending interact in a society governed by a rent-seeking autocrat. Relying on a general equilibrium model, we show that, generally, the autocrat utilizes the military for redistribution in favor of poorer citizens. However, the dictator’s own rent-seeking activity weakens the extent of redistribution and, in the extreme, can even reverse its direction, yielding more unequal secondary distributions instead. Accordingly, the initial level of inequality also affects the impact of military spending on inequality as the former has an impact on the extent of both, the regime’s rent-seeking activity as well as redistribution. Here, our model shows that primary and secondary distributions are rather equal for extreme initial equality/inequality. For medium levels of initial inequality, redistribution is rather large and can be in favor of the poor or of the rich, depending on the extent of rent-seeking and the primary distribution. Based on these results, we highlight the importance of a society’s institutional framework for analyzing the relation of inequality and military spending. KW - Inequality KW - autocracies KW - military spending KW - rent-seeking Y1 - 2018 UR - https://www.degruyter.com/view/j/peps.2018.24.issue-4/peps-2018-0025/peps-2018-0025.xml?format=INT U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/peps-2018-0025 SN - 1554-8597 VL - 24 IS - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gallo, Patrícia A1 - Albrecht, Eike T1 - Brazil and the Paris Agreement: REDD+ as an instrument of Brazil’s Nationally Determined Contribution compliance T2 - International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10784-018-9426-9 SN - 1567-9764 SN - 1573-1553 VL - 19 IS - 1 SP - 123 EP - 144 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Elegbede, Isa Olalekan A1 - Abimbola, Li-Hammed Morufat A1 - Matemilola, Saheed A1 - Damilola, Omosanya Azeezah T1 - Wetland Resources of Nigeria: Case Study of the Hadejia-Nguru Wetlands T2 - Poultry, Fisheries & Wildlife Sciences Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-446X.1000123 SN - 2375-446X VL - 2 EP - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Poddig, Hagen A1 - Donath, Tom A1 - Gebauer, Paul A1 - Finzel, Kati A1 - Kohout, Miroslav A1 - Wu, Yuandong A1 - Schmidt, Peer A1 - Doert, Thomas T1 - Rare Earth Metal Polytellurides RETe1.8 (RE = Gd, Tb, Dy) – Directed Synthesis, Crystal and Electronic Structures, and Bonding Features T2 - Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie N2 - Single crystals of the polytellurides RETe1.8 of gadolinium, terbium, and dysprosium were prepared by chemical vapor transport and alkali metal halide flux reactions. To determine proper synthesis conditions for the desired target composition, the binary phase diagram Gd-Te was evaluated by CalPhaD methods. The compounds are isostructural to SmTe1.8 and crystallize in space group P4/n (no. 85) with lattice parameters of a = 966.10(4), 960.00(3), and 957.33(2) pm and c = 1794.15(10), 1785.77(6), and 1779.38(5) pm for GdTe1.8, TbTe1.8 and DyTe1.8, respectively. The structures consist of puckered [RETe] double slabs and planar telluride layers composed of Te2 dumbbells and linear Te3 units in accordance with ELI-D based bonding analyses. The latter can be understood as a Te3(4–) anion. GdTe1.8 is a semiconductor with a bandgap of 0.19 eV/0.17 eV (experimental / calculated). Magnetization data confirm trivalent RE ions and indicate antiferromagnetic order at T(N) = 12 K for TbTe1.8 and T(N) = 9.8 K for DyTe1.8, whereas GdTe1.8 remains paramagnetic down to 2 K. KW - Phase diagrams KW - Crystal structure KW - Crystal growth KW - Chemical vapor transport KW - Thermodynamc modelling KW - Chalcogenides KW - Polytellurides KW - Bonding analysis Y1 - 2018 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/zaac.201800382 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.201800382 SN - 1521-3749 SN - 0044-2313 VL - 644 IS - 24 SP - 1886 EP - 1896 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Straub, Andrea T1 - Wastewater treatment plants in rural areas considering energetic aspects T2 - Scientific works of the Azerbaijan University of Architecture and Construction N2 - In areas with a rural, extensive structure in Germany, small wastewater treatment plants with biological wastewater treatment are operated as a permanent solution for the treatment of domestic wastewater. Due to a wide range of fully biological small wastewater treatment plants, it is often difficult for the user to select a type of plant that meets the requirements of efficiency, high reliability and low energy consumption. In the present study, data sets from numerous small wastewater treatment plant manufacturers, maintenance companies and public institutions were evaluated in order to be able to make statements about the performance and the energy consumption of the different plant types. Here, natural systems as well as technical plant types were considered. Finally, possibilities to reduce energy consumption are presented. KW - wastewater KW - small treatment plant KW - energy consumption KW - sewer system KW - maintenance Y1 - 2018 SN - 2222-5013 VL - 02 SP - 62 EP - 68 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zonetti, Daniele A1 - Ortega, Romeo A1 - Schiffer, Johannes T1 - A Tool for Stability and Power Sharing Analysis of a Generalized Class of Droop Controllers for High-Voltage Direct-Current Transmission Systems T2 - IEEE Transactions on Control of Network Systems N2 - The problem of primary control of high-voltage direct-current transmission systems is addressed in this paper, which contains four main contributions. First, a new nonlinear, more realistic model for the system suitable for primary control design, which takes into account nonlinearities introduced by conventional inner controllers, is proposed. Second, necessary conditions-dependent on some free controller tuning parameters-for the existence of equilibria is determined. Third, additional (necessary) conditions are formulated for these equilibria to satisfy the power-sharing constraints. Fourth, establish conditions for the stability of a given equilibrium point. The usefulness of the theoretical results is illustrated via numerical calculations on a four-terminal example. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TCNS.2017.2687080 SN - 2325-5870 VL - 5 IS - 3 SP - 1110 EP - 1119 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Uhlig, Sebastian A1 - Gaudet, Matthieu A1 - Langa, Sergiu A1 - Schimmanz, Klaus A1 - Conrad, Holger A1 - Kaiser, Bert A1 - Schenk, Harald T1 - Electrostatically driven in-plane silicon micropump for modular configuration T2 - Micromachines N2 - In this paper, an in-plane reciprocating displacement micropump for liquids and gases which is actuated by a new class of electrostatic bending actuators is reported. The so-called “Nano Electrostatic Drive” is capable of deflecting beyond the electrode gap distance, enabling large generated forces and deflections. Depending on the requirements of the targeted system, the micropump can be modularly designed to meet the specified differential pressures and flow rates by a serial and parallel arrangement of equally working pumping base units. Two selected, medium specific micropump test structure devices for pumping air and isopropanol were designed and investigated. An analytical approach of the driving unit is presented and two-way Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) simulations of the micropump were carried out to determine the dynamic behavior. The simulation showed that the test structure device designed for air expected to overcome a total differential pressure of 130 kPa and deliver a flow rate of 0.11 sccm at a 265 Hz driving frequency. The isopropanol design is expected to generate 210 kPa and pump 0.01 sccm at 21 Hz. The device is monolithically fabricated by CMOS-compatible bulk micromachining processes under the use of standard materials only, such as crystalline silicon, silicon dioxide and alumina. KW - micropump; electrostatic actuation; nano e-drive; in-plane reciprocating displacement micropump; MEMS Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/mi9040190 SN - 2072-666X VL - 9 IS - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Alpsancar, Suzana T1 - Technikfolgenabschätzung als Zeitdiagnose. Einsichten aus Günter Ropohls Programm T2 - Technikfolgenabschätzung, Theorie und Praxis N2 - Ropohl plädiert in seiner Technikphilosophie für eine bewusste Gestaltung des technischen Wandels, in dem auch die Ingenieur*innen in die Pflicht genommen werden. In meiner Rekonstruktion zeige ich, dass Ropohls normative Grundorientierung in einer Zeitdiagnose fußt, die er allerdings nicht expliziert. Aus seinem Beispiel ziehe ich die These, dass jeder Theorie der Technikfolgenabschätzung (TA) notwendig eine historisch-normative Signatur eingeschrieben ist. Um eine kritische Auseinandersetzung über das Selbstverständnis und den Zweck von TA zu führen, gilt es, anders als Ropohl, auch die inhärenten Zeitdiagnosen sichtbar zu machen und zu diskutieren. KW - Günter Ropohl KW - theory of TA KW - time diagnosis KW - technological enlightenment Y1 - 2018 UR - http://www.tatup.de/index.php/tatup/article/view/89 U6 - https://doi.org/10.14512/tatup.27.1.14 SN - 2199-9201 VL - 27 IS - 1 SP - 14 EP - 20 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Casas, Eduardo A1 - Wachsmuth, Daniel A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Second-Order Analysis and Numerical Approximation for Bang-Bang Bilinear Control Problems T2 - SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization (SICON) N2 - We consider bilinear optimal control problems whose objective functionals do not depend on the controls. Hence, bang-bang solutions will appear. We investigate sufficient second-order conditions for bang-bang controls, which guarantee local quadratic growth of the objective functional in $L^1$. In addition, we prove that for controls that are not bang-bang, no such growth can be expected. Finally, we study the finite-element discretization and prove error estimates of bang-bang controls in $L^1$-norms. KW - bang-bang control KW - bilinear controls KW - second-order conditions KW - sufficient optimality conditions KW - error analysis Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1137/17M1139953 SN - 0363-0129 SN - 1095-7138 VL - 56 IS - 6 SP - 4203 EP - 4227 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shumilova, Oleksandra A1 - Dominik, Zak A1 - Mendoza-Lera, Clara T1 - Simulating rewetting events in intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams: a global analysis of leached nutrients and organic matter T2 - Global Change Biology KW - temporary rivers KW - sediments Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.14537 SN - 1365-2486 SN - 1354-1013 VL - 25 IS - 5 SP - 1591 EP - 1611 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd A1 - Harder, Felix T1 - The limiting normal cone of a complementarity set in Sobolev spaces T2 - Optimization N2 - We investigate the limiting normal cone of the complementarity set associated with non-negative functions in the Sobolev space. By using results from homogenization theory, we provide lower estimates for this limiting normal cone. These estimates are unpleasantly large. KW - Limiting normal cone KW - optimality condition KW - M-stationarity KW - obstacle problem Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/02331934.2018.1484467 SN - 0233-1934 SN - 1029-4945 VL - 67 IS - 10 SP - 1579 EP - 1603 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Christof, Constantin A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - No-Gap Second-Order Conditions via a Directional Curvature Functional T2 - SIAM Journal on Optimization N2 - This paper is concerned with necessary and sufficient second-order conditions for finite-dimensional and infinite-dimensional constrained optimization problems. Using a suitably defined directional curvature functional for the admissible set, we derive no-gap second-order optimality conditions in an abstract functional analytic setting. Our theory not only covers those cases where the classical assumptions of polyhedricity or second-order regularity are satisfied but also allows to study problems in the absence of these requirements. As a tangible example, we consider no-gap second-order conditions for bang-bang optimal control problems. KW - second-order condition KW - bang-bang control KW - polyhedricity KW - second-order regularity KW - no-gap optimality condition Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1137/17M1140418 SN - 1052-6234 SN - 1095-7189 VL - 28 IS - 3 SP - 2097 EP - 2130 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Viderman, Tihomir A1 - Knierbein, Sabine T1 - Reconnecting public space and housing research through affective practice T2 - Journal of Urban Design N2 - In autumn 2015, activists and refugees in Vienna appropriated train stations for shelter. This paper explores their affective practices in order to reflect on their agency to transform predominant ways of understanding and inhabiting public space. At the place of arrival they made their private domain of everyday struggles a part of public space. In so doing they have produced a powerful means for confronting socio-spatial inequalities. Affective practice can therefore be interpreted as the spatialized critique of alienated conditions of everyday life. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/13574809.2018.1475222 SN - 1469-9664 SN - 1357-4809 VL - 23 IS - 6 SP - 843 EP - 858 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Christof, Constantin A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - On the Non‐Polyhedricity of Sets with Upper and Lower Bounds in Dual Spaces T2 - GAMM-Mitteilung N2 - We demonstrate that the set L∞(X, [−1,1]) of all measurable functions over a Borel measure space (X, B, μ) with values in the unit interval is typically non‐polyhedric when interpreted as a subset of a dual space. Our findings contrast the classical result that subsets of Dirichlet spaces with pointwise upper and lower bounds are polyhedric. In particular, additional structural assumptions are unavoidable when the concept of polyhedricity is used to study the differentiability properties of solution maps to variational inequalities of the second kind in, e.g., the spaces H1/2(∂Ω)or H₀¹(Ω). KW - Polydedricity KW - Frictional Contact Problems KW - Variational Inequalities of the Second Kind KW - Directional Differentiability KW - Sensitivity Analysis Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/gamm.201740005 SN - 0936-7195 SN - 1522-2608 VL - 40 IS - 4 SP - 339 EP - 350 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Harder, Felix A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Comparison of Optimality Systems for the Optimal Control of the Obstacle Problem T2 - GAMM-Mitteilung N2 - We consider stationarity systems for the optimal control of the obstacle problem. The focus is on the comparison of several different systems which are provided in the literature. We obtain some novel results concerning the relations between these stationarity concepts. KW - obstacle problem KW - complementarity constraints KW - weak stationarity KW - M-stationarity KW - strong stationarity Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/gamm.201740004 SN - 0936-7195 SN - 1522-2608 VL - 40 IS - 4 SP - 312 EP - 338 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kupferberg, Aleksandra A1 - Iacoboni, Marco A1 - Flanagin, Virginia A1 - Huber, Markus A1 - Kasparbauer, Anna A1 - Baumgartner, Thomas A1 - Hasler, Gregor A1 - Schmidt, Florian A1 - Borst, Christoph A1 - Glasauer, Stefan T1 - Fronto-parietal coding of goal-directed actions performed by artificial agents T2 - Human Brain Mapping Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.23905 SN - 1097-0193 SN - 1065-9471 VL - 39 IS - 3 SP - 1145 EP - 1162 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Choi, Jeong-Yoon A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Zee, David S. A1 - Kim, Ji-Soo T1 - Characteristics and Mechanism of Apogeotropic Central Positional Nystagmus T2 - Brain Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awx381 SN - 1460-2156 SN - 0006-8950 VL - 141 IS - 3 SP - 762 EP - 775 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dieterich, Marianne A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Brandt, Thomas T1 - Why acute unilateral vestibular midbrain lesions rarely manifest with rotational vertigo: a clinical and modelling approach to head direction cell function. T2 - Journal of Neurology Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-018-8828-5 SN - 0340-5354 SN - 1432-1459 VL - 265 IS - 5 SP - 1184 EP - 1198 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Oguz, Ozgur S. A1 - Zhou, Zhehua A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Wollherr, Dirk T1 - An Inverse Optimal Control Approach to Explain Human Arm Reaching Control Based on Multiple Internal Models T2 - Scientific Reports Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-23792-7 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Anggraini, Dian A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Wunderlich, Klaus T1 - Neural signatures of reinforcement learning correlate with strategy adoption during spatial navigation T2 - Scientific Reports Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-28241-z SN - 2045-2322 VL - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwartz, Bernhard A1 - Reiche, Manfred A1 - Kittler, Martin T1 - Temperature dependence of luminescence from dislocated Ge on Si substrate T2 - Materials Today: Proceedings N2 - For mono-crystalline Ge the indirect luminescence intensity declines upon growing temperature from 80 to 300 K, whereas for dislocated Ge structures the opposite behavior occurs. These findings are comparable to earlier observations on Si. The drop of the luminescence in dislocated material upon lowering temperature was attributed to the increase of the competing non-radiative recombination due to shallow dislocation states. In opposition to the indirect luminescence, the character of the direct Ge luminescence, i.e. incline of intensity upon growing temperature, is not converted by dislocations. The measured behavior of the direct peak position of Ge, in the temperature range between 80 and 300 K, is in accordance with calculated dependence and reflects the direct bandgap energy. The observed red shifts in dislocated Ge structures are shown to be produced by tensile strain, bandgap narrowing and by the Sn-content of GeSn quantum wells, respectively. A direct influence of dislocations could not be observed. Satisfying understanding of the existing temperature behavior of the indirect Ge peak position is on embryonic stage Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2018.03.061 SN - 2214-7853 VL - 5 IS - 3,1 SP - 14712 EP - 14721 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kashkarov, Egor B. A1 - Syrtanov, Maxim S. A1 - Murashkina, Tatyana A1 - Kurochkin, Alexander A1 - Shanenkova, Yulia A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei T1 - Hydrogen Sorption Kinetics of SiC-Coated Zr-1Nb Alloy T2 - Coatings N2 - This paper describes the influence of silicon carbide (SiC) coating on hydrogen sorption kinetics of zirconium alloy E110 (Zr-1Nb). Amorphous SiC coating of 1.5-μm thickness was deposited on Zr-1Nb alloy substrate by direct current magnetron sputtering of composite cathode. Hydrogen absorption by SiC-coated Zr-1Nb alloy significantly decreased due to low hydrogen permeability of the coating. Hydrogenation tests show that SiC coating provides protective properties against hydrogen permeation in the investigated temperature range of 350–450 °C. It was shown that hydrogenation of uncoated Zr-1Nb leads to formation of δ hydrides at 350 °C and δ and γ hydrides at higher temperatures whereas in the SiC-coated Zr-1Nb alloy only δ hydrides formed. Gradient hydrogen distribution through the SiC coating and H trapping in the carbon-rich interface was observed. The adhesion strength of the coating was ~5 N. Hydrogenation up to 450 °C for 5 h does not degrade the adhesion properties during scratch testing. KW - hydrogen sorption KW - hydrogenation KW - zirconium alloys KW - E110 (Zr-1Nb) KW - SiC coating KW - magnetron sputtering KW - adhesion Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6412/9/1/31 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings9010031 SN - 2079-6412 VL - 9 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Worlitz, Jane A1 - Stabler, Anne A1 - Woll, Ralf T1 - The usage of video tutorials, personal support and written instructions for knowledge acquisition and refreshment T2 - Quality Innovation Prosperity N2 - Purpose: The target of this study is to reveal which aids used are the best method for acquiring knowledge. Especially by the use of Quality management tools regarding spreadsheets and statistics software. Therefore video tutorials, personal support and written instructions, as aids, are compared with and without time pressure. Methodology/Approach: Students of the quality management class participated in two tests in order to capture user behavior. In the first part the students (n = 56) were asked about their user behavior regarding aids after a project that lasted several months. In the second part the students (n = 40) were given two aids and captured which aids they are using. The duration period and the quality of the results were also documented. At the end of both tests, the students were asked about their future favorite aids. Findings: The first test revealed that 73% of the students used the video tutorial as an aid for their work. In future situations the students would work with written instructions, as long as there is no time pressure. If time limitation is a factor, they would rather work with video tutorials again. The second test confirmed that using video tutorials allowed for a shorter duration period. 48% were using the video tutorial while 38% used the written instruction. The suitability rating of the aids as well as the quality of the result did not differ. In future situations, the students would work again with video tutorials with or without time pressure. Research Limitation/implication: The usage of video tutorials, personal support and written instructions for the application of Quality management tools with the use of appropriate software has been examined. The results do not show conclusions about the extent to which the aids are used for the mediation of complex issues. Follow-up studies are required for this purpose. Originality/Value of paper: Among these three aids with regard to time pressure, video tutorials as well as the personal support seem to be the most efficient. If time pressure was applied to the test setting, the video tutorial was preferred. In the considered setting the use of video tutorials is recommended. KW - video tutorial KW - education KW - knowledge transfer KW - quality tools KW - software Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.12776/qip.v22i2.1065 SN - 1338-984X SN - 1335-1745 VL - 22 IS - 2 SP - 128 EP - 138 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wilczek, Sebastian A1 - Trieschmann, Jan A1 - Schulze, Julian A1 - Donko, Zoltan A1 - Brinkmann, Ralf Peter A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas T1 - Disparity between current and voltage driven capacitively coupled radio frequency discharges T2 - Plasma Sources Science and Technology Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6595/aae5c1 SN - 1361-6595 SN - 0963-0252 VL - 27 IS - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berger, Birk A1 - You, Kwangho A1 - Lee, Hyo-Chang A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas A1 - Awakowicz, Peter A1 - Schulze, Julian T1 - Observation of the generation of multiple electron beams during a single sheath expansion phase in capacitive RF plasmas T2 - Plasma Sources Science and Technology Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6595/aaefc7 SN - 1361-6595 SN - 0963-0252 VL - 27 IS - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kirchheim, Dennis A1 - Wilski, Stefan A1 - Jaritz, Montgomery A1 - Mitschker, Felix A1 - Oberberg, Moritz A1 - Trieschmann, Jan A1 - Banko, Lars A1 - Brochhagen, Markus A1 - Schreckenberg, Rabea A1 - Hopmann, Christian A1 - Böke, Marc A1 - Benedikt, Jan A1 - Arcos, Teresa de los A1 - Grundmeier, Guido A1 - Grochla, Dario A1 - Ludwig, Alfred A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas A1 - Brinkmann, Ralf Peter A1 - Awakowicz, Peter A1 - Dahlmann, Rainer T1 - Improved Homogeneity of Plasma and Coating Properties Using a Lance Matrix Gas Distribution in MW-PECVD T2 - Journal of Coatings Technology and Research Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11998-018-0138-4 SN - 1547-0091 SN - 1935-3804 VL - 16 IS - 2 SP - 573 EP - 583 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kupka, Friedrich A1 - Zaussinger, Florian A1 - Montgomery, M. H. T1 - Mixing and overshooting in surface convection zones of DA white dwarfs: First results from ANTARES T2 - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Y1 - 2018 SN - 1365-2966 SN - 0035-8711 VL - 474 IS - 4 SP - 4660 EP - 4671 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zaussinger, Florian T1 - A dynamic beam model for the motility of Listeria monocytogenes T2 - Acta Mechanica Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00707-018-2277-1 SN - 1619-6937 SN - 0001-5970 VL - 229 IS - 12 SP - 4927 EP - 4944 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ripperger, Simon A1 - Günther, Linus A1 - Wieser, Hanna A1 - Duda, Niklas A1 - Hierold, Martin A1 - Cassens, Björn A1 - Kapitza, Rüdiger A1 - Kölpin, Alexander A1 - Mayer, Frieder T1 - Proximity sensors reveal social information transfer in maternity colonies of Common noctule bats T2 - bioRxiv Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1101/421974 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Michler, Fabian A1 - Scheiner, Benedict A1 - Lurz, Fabian A1 - Weigel, Robert A1 - Kölpin, Alexander T1 - (Micro)metering with Microwaves: A Low-Cost Low-Power High-Precision Radar System T2 - IEEE Microwave Magazine Y1 - 2019 UR - https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8575185 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/MMM.2018.2875612 SN - 1527-3342 VL - 20 IS - 1 SP - 91 EP - 97 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tran Anh, Duc A1 - Dabrowski, Karol A1 - Skrzypek, Katarzyna T1 - The Predictive Maintenance Concept in the Maintenance Department of the “Industry 4.0” Production Enterprise T2 - Foundation of Management Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2478/fman-2018-0022 SN - 2080-7279 VL - 10 IS - 1 SP - 292 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gött, Peter A1 - Zöller, Lothar A1 - Yang, Si A1 - Stohwasser, Ralf A1 - Bautz, Ekkehard K. F. A1 - Darai, Gholamreza T1 - Antigenicity of hantavirus nucleocapsid proteins expressed in E. coli T2 - Virus Research Y1 - 1991 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-1702(91)90090-I SN - 1872-7492 SN - 0168-1702 VL - 19 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 15 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stohwasser, Ralf A1 - Giebel, Lutz B. A1 - Zöller, Lothar A1 - Bautz, Ekkehard K. F. A1 - Darai, Gholamreza T1 - Molecular characterization of the RNA S segment of nephropathia epidemica virus strain Hällnäs B1 T2 - Virology Y1 - 1990 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/0042-6822(90)90056-W SN - 0042-6822 VL - 174 IS - 1 SP - 79 EP - 86 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stohwasser, Ralf A1 - Raab, Karl A1 - Darai, Gholamreza A1 - Bautz, Ekkehard K. F. T1 - Primary structure of the large (L) RNA segment of nephropathia epidemica virus strain Hällnäs B1 coding for the viral RNA polymerase T2 - Virology Y1 - 1991 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/0042-6822(91)90152-2 SN - 0042-6822 VL - 183 IS - 1 SP - 386 EP - 391 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gött, Peter A1 - Stohwasser, Ralf A1 - Schnitzler, Paul A1 - Darai, Gholamreza A1 - Bautz, Ekkehard K. F. T1 - RNA binding of recombinant nucleocapsid proteins of hantaviruses T2 - Virology Y1 - 1993 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1006/viro.1993.1263 SN - 0042-6822 VL - 194 IS - 1 SP - 332 EP - 337 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stohwasser, Ralf A1 - Raab, Karl A1 - Schnitzler, Paul A1 - Janssen, Waltraud A1 - Darai, Gholamreza T1 - Identification of the gene encoding the major capsid protein of insect iridescent virus type 6 by polymerase chain reaction T2 - Journal of General Virology Y1 - 1993 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-74-5-873 SN - 1465-2099 SN - 0022-1317 VL - 74 SP - 873 EP - 879 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reip, A. A1 - Haring, B. A1 - Sibold, C. A1 - Stohwasser, Ralf A1 - Bautz, Ekkehard K. F. A1 - Darai, Gholamreza A1 - Meisel, H. A1 - Krüger, D. H. T1 - Coding strategy of the S and M genomic segments of a hantavirus representing a new subtype of the Puumala serotype T2 - Archives of Virology Y1 - 1995 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01322689 SN - 0304-8608 SN - 1432-8798 VL - 141 IS - 11 SP - 2011 EP - 2026 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mensah, Henry A1 - Ibrahim, Bachar T1 - Alternate Solutions Towards Sustainable Irrigated Agriculture in Ghana: Review of Literature T2 - Journal of Agriculture and Sustainability N2 - Irrigated agriculture management is still not effective in Ghana. The growing recognition of irrigation problems and its impact on the economy and environment have prompted the government of Ghana to implement plans and strategies to encourage new developments and technologies to promote sustainable irrigated agriculture. The study aims at identifying sustainable ways in promoting irrigated agriculture in Ghana. literature search and thematic analysis of the literature were used and the themes identified provide the basis for the study. The results were that sustainability can be achieved if there is effective WUA management, strong irrigation facility, effective farmers training, improving extension capacity to deliver, sustainable irrigation techniques and effective collaboration. In conclusion, irrigation sectors should take full advantage of abundant water resource in Ghana and ensure that irrigation is handled in a way that protects the environment for the present generation without compromising the benefits of the future generations. Y1 - 2018 UR - http://infinitypress.info/index.php/jas/article/view/1464 SN - 2201-4357 VL - 10 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gibson, Andrew R. A1 - Donkó, Zoltán A1 - Alelyani, Layla A1 - Bischoff, Lena A1 - Hübner, Gerrit A1 - Bredin, Jérôme A1 - Doyle, Scott A1 - Korolov, Ihor A1 - Niemi, Kari A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas A1 - Hartmann, Peter A1 - Dedrick, James P. A1 - Schulze, Julian A1 - Gans, Timo A1 - O'Connell, Deborah T1 - Disrupting the spatio-temporal symmetry of the electron dynamics in atmospheric pressure plasmas by voltage waveform tailoring T2 - Plasma Sources Science and Technology Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6595/aaf535 SN - 1361-6595 SN - 0963-0252 VL - 28 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Casas, Eduardo A1 - Wachsmuth, Daniel A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Sufficient Second-Order Conditions for Bang-Bang Control Problems T2 - SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization (SICON) N2 - We provide sufficient optimality conditions for optimal control problems with bang-bang controls. Building on a structural assumption on the adjoint state, we additionally need a weak second-order condition. This second-order condition is formulated with functions from an extended critical cone, and it is equivalent to a formulation posed on measures supported on the set where the adjoint state vanishes. If our sufficient optimality condition is satisfied, we obtain a local quadratic growth condition in $L^1(\Omega)$. KW - bang-bang control KW - second-order conditions KW - sufficient optimality KW - critical cone Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1137/16M1099674 SN - 1095-7138 SN - 0363-0129 VL - 55 IS - 5 SP - 3066 EP - 3090 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Agbro, Edirin A1 - Tomlin, Alison S. A1 - Zhang, Wankang A1 - Burluka, Alexey A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Alfazazi, Adamu A1 - Sarathy, S. Mani T1 - Chemical Kinetic Modeling Study on the Influence of n-Butanol Blending on the Combustion, Autoignition, and Knock Properties of Gasoline and Its Surrogate in a Spark-Ignition Engine T2 - American Chemical Society N2 - The ability of a mechanism describing the oxidation kinetics of toluene reference fuel (TRF)/n-butanol mixtures to predict the impact of n-butanol blending at 20% by volume on the autoignition and knock properties of gasoline has been investigated under conditions of a strongly supercharged spark-ignition (SI) engine. Simulations were performed using the LOGEengine code for stoichiometric fuel/air mixtures at intake temperature and pressure conditions of 320 K and 1.6 bar, respectively, for a range of spark timings. At the later spark timing of 6° crank angle (CA) before top dead center (BTDC), the predicted knock onsets for a gasoline surrogate (TRF) and the TRF/n-butanol blend are higher compared to the measurements, which is consistent with an earlier study of ignition delay times predicted in a rapid compression machine (RCM; Agbro, E.; Tomlin, A. S.; Lawes, M.; Park, S.; Sarathy, S. M. The influence of n … KW - The ability of a mechanism describing the oxidation kinetics Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.8b00962 SN - 1520-5029 SN - 0887-0624 VL - 32 IS - 10 SP - 10065 EP - 10077 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shrestha, Krishna Prasad A1 - Seidel, Lars A1 - Zeuch, Thomas A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - Detailed Kinetic Mechanism for the Oxidation of Ammonia Including the Formation and Reduction of Nitrogen Oxides T2 - Energy & Fuels N2 - This work introduces a newly developed reaction mechanism for the oxidation of ammonia in freely propagating and burner-stabilized premixed flames as well as shock-tube, jet-stirred reactor, and plug-flow reactor experiments. The paper mainly focuses on pure ammonia and ammonia–hydrogen fuel blends. The reaction mechanism also considers the formation of nitrogen oxides as well as the reduction of nitrogen oxides depending upon the conditions of the surrounding gas phase. Doping of the fuel blend with NO2 can result in acceleration of H2 autoignition via the reaction NO2 + HO2 ⇋ HONO + O2, followed by the thermal decomposition of HONO, or deceleration of H2 oxidation via NO2 + OH ⇋ NO + HO2. The concentration of HO2 is decisive for the active reaction pathway. The formation of NO in burner-stabilized premixed flames is shown to demonstrate the capability of the mechanism to be integrated … KW - Energy & Fuels Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.8b01056 SN - 1520-5029 SN - 0887-0624 VL - 32 IS - 10 SP - 10202 EP - 10217 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Beim Graben, Peter A1 - Blutner, Reinhard T1 - Quantum approaches to music cognition T2 - Journal of Mathematical Psychology N2 - Quantum cognition emerged as an important discipline of mathematical psychology during the last two decades. Using abstract analogies between mental phenomena and the formal framework of physical quantum theory, quantum cognition demonstrated its ability to resolve several puzzles from cognitive psychology. Until now, quantum cognition essentially exploited ideas from projective (Hilbert space) geometry, such as quantum probability or quantum similarity. However, many powerful tools provided by physical quantum theory, e.g., symmetry groups have not been utilized in the field of quantum cognition research sofar. Inspired by seminal work by Guerino Mazzola on the symmetries of tonal music, our study aims at elucidating and reconciling static and dynamic tonal attraction phenomena in music psychology within the quantum cognition framework. Based on the fundamental principles of octave equivalence, fifth similarity and transposition symmetry of tonal music that are reflected by the structure of the circle of fifths, we develop different wave function descriptions over this underlying tonal space. We present quantum models for static and dynamic tonal attraction and compare them with traditional computational models in musicology. Our approach replicates and also improves predictions based on symbolic models of music perception. KW - Music psychology KW - Tonal attraction KW - Quantum cognition KW - Tonal space Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmp.2019.03.002 SN - 0022-2496 VL - 91 SP - 38 EP - 50 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schneider, Christopher A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Regularization and discretization error estimates for optimal control of ODEs with group sparsity T2 - ESAIM: Control, Optimisation and Calculus of Variations (COCV) N2 - It is well known that optimal control problems with L¹-control costs produce sparse solutions, i.e., the optimal control is zero on whole intervals. In this paper, we study a general class of convex linear-quadratic optimal control problems with a sparsity functional that promotes a so-called group sparsity structure of the optimal controls. In this case, the components of the control function take the value of zero on parts of the time interval, simultaneously. These problems are both theoretically interesting and practically relevant. After obtaining results about the structure of the optimal controls, we derive stability estimates for the solution of the problem w.r.t. perturbations and L²-regularization. These results are consequently applied to prove convergence of the Euler discretization. Finally, the usefulness of our approach is demonstrated by solving an illustrative example using a semismooth Newton method. KW - Optimal control KW - group sparsity KW - directional sparsity KW - bang-bang principle KW - stability analysis KW - discretization error estimates Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1051/cocv/2017049 SN - 1292-8119 SN - 1262-3377 VL - 24 IS - 2 SP - 811 EP - 834 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Netzer, Corinna A1 - Seidel, Lars A1 - Pasternak, Michal A1 - Lehtiniemi, Harry A1 - Perlman, Cathleen A1 - Ravet, Frédéric A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - Three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics engine knock prediction and evaluation based on detailed chemistry and detonation theory T2 - International Journal of Engine Research N2 - Engine knock is an important phenomenon that needs consideration in the development of gasoline-fueled engines. In our days, this development is supported using numerical simulation tools to further understand and predict in-cylinder processes. In this work, a model tool chain which uses a detailed chemical reaction scheme is proposed to predict the auto-ignition behavior of fuels with different octane ratings and to evaluate the transition from harmless auto-ignitive deflagration to knocking combustion. In our method, the auto-ignition characteristics and the emissions are calculated using a gasoline surrogate reaction scheme containing pathways for oxidation of ethanol, toluene, n-heptane, iso-octane and their mixtures. The combustion is predicted using a combination of the G-equation based flame propagation model utilizing tabulated laminar flame speeds and well-stirred reactors in the burned and … KW - Engine knock is an important phenomenon Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/1468087417740271 SN - 1468-0874 SN - 2041-3149 VL - 19 IS - 1 SP - 33 EP - 44 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Conforming Approximation of Convex Functions with the Finite Element Method T2 - Numerische Mathematik N2 - We consider the interior approximation of convex functions with convex finite element functions. The main motivation for this study is the investigation of a novel discretization of optimization problems with convexity constraints by the finite element method. Under a mild assumption on the family of meshes, we show that the conforming approximation is convergent if the finite elements are at least piecewise quadratic. We further provide similar results under additional constraints on the function values or on the gradient. The theoretical findings are illustrated by numerical examples. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00211-017-0884-8 SN - 0029-599X SN - 0945-3245 VL - 137 IS - 3 SP - 741 EP - 772 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Moshammer, Kai A1 - Seidel, Lars A1 - Wang, Yu A1 - Selim, Hatem A1 - Sarathy, S. Mani A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Hansen, Nils T1 - Aromatic ring formation in opposed-flow diffusive 1, 3-butadiene flames T2 - Proceedings of the Combustion Institute N2 - This paper is concerned with the formation of one-and two-ring aromatic species in near atmospheric-pressure opposed-flow diffusion flames of 1, 3-butadiene (1, 3-C 4 H 6). The chemical structures of two different 1, 3-C 4 H 6/Ar–O 2/Ar flames were explored using flame-sampling molecular-beam mass spectrometry with both electron and single-photon ionization. We provide mole fraction profiles of 47 components as function of distance from the fuel outlet and compare them to chemically detailed modeling results. To this end, the hierarchically developed model described by Seidel et al.[16] has been updated to accurately comprise the chemistry of 1, 3-butadiene. Generally a very good agreement is observed between the experimental and modeling data, allowing for a meaningful reaction path analysis. With regard to the formation of aromatic species up to naphthalene, it was essential to improve the fulvene … KW - formation of one-and two-ring aromatic species Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2016.09.010 SN - 1540-7489 VL - 36 IS - 1 SP - 947 EP - 955 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rösch, Arnd A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Mass lumping for the optimal control of elliptic partial differential equations T2 - SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis (SINUM) N2 - The finite element discretization of a control constrained elliptic optimal control problem is studied. Control and state are discretized by higher order finite elements. The inequality constraints are only posed in the Lagrange points. The computational effort is significantly reduced by a new mass lumping strategy. The main contribution is the derivation of new a priori error estimates up to order h⁴ on locally refined meshes. Moreover, we propose a new algorithmic strategy to obtain such highly accurate results. The theoretical findings are illustrated by numerical examples. KW - Optimal control KW - control constraint KW - higher order finite elements KW - mass lumping KW - a priori error estimates Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1137/16M1074473 SN - 0036-1429 SN - 1095-7170 VL - 55 IS - 3 SP - 1412 EP - 1436 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stefanelli, Ulisse A1 - Wachsmuth, Daniel A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Optimal control of a rate-independent evolution equation via viscous regularization T2 - Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems - Series S (DCDS-S) N2 - We study the optimal control of a rate-independent system that is driven by a convex quadratic energy. Since the associated solution mapping is non-smooth, the analysis of such control problems is challenging. In order to derive optimality conditions, we study the regularization of the problem via a smoothing of the dissipation potential and via the addition of some viscosity. The resulting regularized optimal control problem is analyzed. By driving the regularization parameter to zero, we obtain a necessary optimality condition for the original, non-smooth problem. KW - Rate-independent system KW - optimal control KW - necessary optimality conditions Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3934/dcdss.2017076 SN - 1937-1632 SN - 1937-1179 VL - 10 IS - 6 SP - 1467 EP - 1485 ER - TY - GEN A1 - González Merino, Bernardo A1 - Jahn, Thomas A1 - Polyanskii, Alexander A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Hunting for Reduced Polytopes T2 - Discrete & Computational Geometry N2 - We show that there exist reduced polytopes in three-dimensional Euclidean space. This partially answers the question posed by Lassak (Israel J Math 70(3):365–379, 1990) on the existence of reduced polytopes in d-dimensional Euclidean space for d≥3. KW - Minimum width KW - Polytope KW - Reducedness Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00454-018-9982-3 SN - 0179-5376 SN - 1432-0444 VL - 60 IS - 3 SP - 801 EP - 808 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Noack, Anika A1 - Federwisch, Tobias T1 - Social Innovation in Rural Regions: Urban Impulses and Cross-Border Constellations of Actors T2 - Sociologia Ruralis Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/soru.12216 SN - 0038-0199 SN - 1467-9523 VL - 59 IS - 1 SP - 92 EP - 112 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ibrahim, Bachar A1 - Mensah, Henry T1 - Linking Environmental Water Scarcity and Options for Adaptation in the MENA Region T2 - Journal of Water Resource and Protection N2 - Contamination of surface and underground water by sea level rise, surface runoff, and land use activities such as industrial and agricultural activities can lead to water scarcity. Water could be available and accessible but not suitable for human use. In the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region countries, the agriculture sector depends massively on water for farming activities, which consumes about 80% of the available water resources. In this context, the issue of environmental water scarcity is under highlighted, though the use of this term itself is still lacking in an international context (FAO). Meanwhile, the international goal of universal access to clean freshwater is included in global development targets (SDGs). This study provides some insights and deepens our understanding on environmental water scarcity, particularly MEN-A region countries. This review paper begins with an introduction to water scarcity and continues with a discussion of environmental issues associated with water scarcity in MENA region countries. Finally, we suggest some adaptive measures in two distinct areas such as agriculture sectors and policy makers and conclude that the lack of implementation of this particular term is hindering sustainable development in MENA region countries. KW - Adaptation, MENA, Climate Change, Water Scarcity, Water Quality, Environment Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4236/jwarp.2017.94025 SN - 1945- 3108 SN - 1945- 3094 VL - 9 IS - 4 SP - 378 EP - 392 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stabenau, Nele A1 - Zehnsdorf, Andreas A1 - Rönicke, Helmut A1 - Wedwitschka, Harald A1 - Möller, Lucie A1 - Ibrahim, Bachar A1 - Stinner, Walter T1 - A potential phosphorous fertilizer for organic farming: recovery of phosphorous resources in the course of bioenergy production through anaerobic digestion of aquatic macrophytes T2 - Energy, Sustainability and Society N2 - Background: A major problem with farming systems is the deficiencies in phosphorus (P) due to fixation in soils, erosion and run-off, and exports of herbal and animal products. P resources for the compensation of these losses will sooner or later be depleted. For this reason, innovative ideas for phosphorus recycling are highly relevant. The P excess from farming systems mostly ends up in surface waters, leads to eutrophication, and promotes the growth of aquatic plants. Particularly invasive neophytes such as western waterweed (Elodea nuttallii) can rapidly generate high levels of biomass in waters with good nutrient supply and bind relevant amounts of phosphorus. Methods: In the renatured open-pit mine Goitzsche (Saxony-Anhalt, Germany), biomass from E. nuttallii was harvested (2005–2008) and the biomass dry matter and the P concentration were determined. The phosphorus recovery potential from this plant biomass was calculated by extrapolation based on the phosphorus analyses and the area potentially populated by E. nuttallii. One analysis of E. nuttallii was conducted to evaluate the content of potentially toxic elements (PTEs). Results: The results showed that with 0.5 to 6.3 kg P/Mg of total solid (dry matter), E. nuttallii could have a high potential to recycle phosphorus, e.g., by anaerobic digestion and digestate fertilization. Lake Goitzsche offered an annual recovery potential from 0.5 to 1.7 Mg phosphorus in the investigation period. This could meet the needs of 114-ha organic farming land based on a 7 kg/(ha*year) regional phosphorus deficit. The digestate of E. nuttallii is very well suited as a fertilizer due to its high phosphorus concentration. The concentrations of PTEs in the current digestate (related to an individual case) are sufficient for legal admission in Germany. In this study, nickel was above the threshold values for Germany. The elevated nickel levels in the Elodea biomass correspond to the geogenic high nickel concentrations in the sediment of this lake. Conclusions: Aquatic macrophytes have a significant potential for recovering phosphorus from waters and sediments of relevant phosphorus concentrations. Further studies of surface water zones, particularly with regard to the aquatic plant biomass and phosphorus concentration of sediments, are needed to assess future exploration. KW - Phosphorus, P resources, P recycling, Aquatic macrophytes, Elodea nuttallii, Organic farming, Digestate, Anaerobic digestion, Biogas Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s13705-018-0155-2 SN - 2192-0567 VL - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - The Weak Sequential Closure of Decomposable Sets in Lebesgue Spaces and its Application to Variational Geometry T2 - Set-Valued and Variational Analysis N2 - We provide a precise characterization of the weak sequential closure of nonempty, closed, decomposable sets in Lebesgue spaces. Therefore, we have to distinguish between the purely atomic and the nonatomic regime. In the latter case, we get a convexification effect which is related to Lyapunov’s convexity theorem, and in the former case, the weak sequential closure equals the strong closure. The characterization of the weak sequential closure is utilized to compute the limiting normal cone to nonempty, closed, decomposable sets in Lebesgue spaces. Finally, we give an example for the possible nonclosedness of the limiting normal cone in this setting. KW - Decomposable set KW - Lebesgue spaces KW - Limiting normal cone KW - Measurability KW - Weak sequential closure Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11228-017-0464-1 SN - 1877-0533 SN - 1877-0541 VL - 27 IS - 1 SP - 265 EP - 294 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Franken, Tim A1 - Duggan, Alexander A1 - Tao, Feng A1 - Matrisciano, Andrea A1 - Lehtiniemi, Harry A1 - Borg, Anders A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - Multi-Objective Optimization of Fuel Consumption and NOx Emissions of a heavy-duty Diesel engine using a Stochastic Reactor Model T2 - SAE technical paper N2 - Highly fuel-efficient Diesel engines, combined with effective exhaust aftertreatment systems, enable an economic and low-emission operation of heavy-duty vehicles. The challenge of its development arises from the present engine complexity, which is expected to increase even more in the future. The approved method of test bench measurements is stretched to its limits, because of the high demand for large parameter variations. The introduction of a physics-based quasi-dimensional stochastic reactor model combined with tabulated chemistry enables the simulation-supported development of these Diesel engines. The stochastic reactor model mimics mixture and temperature inhomogeneities induced by turbulence, direct injection and heat transfer. Thus, it is possible to improve the prediction of NOx emissions compared to common mean-value models. To reduce the number of designs to be evaluated during … KW - Highly fuel-efficient Diesel engines Y1 - 2019 SN - 0096-5170 SN - 0148-7191 IS - 2019-01-1173 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Malliotakis, Zisis A1 - Banyon, Colin A1 - Zhang, Kuiwen A1 - Wagnon, Scott W. A1 - Rodriguez Henriquez, Jose Juan A1 - Vourliotakis, George A1 - Keramiotis, Christos A1 - Founti, Maria A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Pitz, William J. A1 - Curran, Henry J. T1 - Testing the validity of a mechanism describing the oxidation of binary n-heptane/toluene mixtures at engine operating conditions T2 - Combustion and Flame N2 - The aim of this work is to evaluate the influence of the n-heptane/toluene ratio on the reactivity of binary toluene reference fuels (TRFs), through a combined experimental and numerical work. Novel experimental ignition delay time (IDT) data of three binary TRFs of varying n-heptane/toluene ratios have been obtained in a high-pressure shock tube and in a rapid compression machine at conditions relevant to novel engine operation. Measurements have been performed at two pressures (10 and 30 bar), and at three fuel/air equivalence ratios (0.5, 1.0 and 2.0) for TRF mixtures of 50%, 75% and 90% by volume toluene concentration, over the temperature range of 650–1450 K. It was found that, increasing the n-heptane content, led to an increase in reactivity and shorter measured IDTs. Reduced sensitivity to the equivalence ratio was observed at high temperatures, especially for high toluene content mixtures. A … KW - The aim of this work is to evaluate the influence of the n-heptane/toluene Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2018.10.024 SN - 0010-2180 VL - 199 SP - 241 EP - 248 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bischoff, Lena A1 - Hübner, Gerrit A1 - Korolov, Ihor A1 - Donkó, Zoltán A1 - Hartmann, Peter A1 - Gans, Timo A1 - Held, Julian A1 - Schulz-von der Gathen, Volker A1 - Liu, Yue A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas A1 - Schulze, Julian T1 - Experimental and computational investigations of electron dynamics in micro atmospheric pressure radio-frequency plasma jets operated in He/N2 mixtures T2 - Plasma Sources Science and Technology Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6595/aaf35d SN - 1361-6595 SN - 0963-0252 VL - 27 IS - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - The limiting normal cone to pointwise defined sets in Lebesgue spaces T2 - Set-Valued and Variational Analysis (SVAA) N2 - We consider subsets of Lebesgue spaces which are defined by pointwise constraints. We provide formulas for corresponding variational objects (tangent and normal cones). Our main result shows that the limiting normal cone is always dense in the Clarke normal cone and contains the convex hull of the pointwise limiting normal cone. A crucial assumption for this result is that the underlying measure is non-atomic, and this is satisfied in many important applications (Lebesgue measure on subsets of Rͩ or the surface measure on hypersurfaces in Rͩ). Finally, we apply our findings to an optimization problem with complementarity constraints in Lebesgue spaces. KW - Decomposable set KW - Lebesgue spaces KW - Limiting normal cone KW - Mathematical program with complementarity constraint KW - Measurability Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11228-016-0393-4 SN - 1877-0533 SN - 1877-0541 VL - 26 IS - 3 SP - 449 EP - 467 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Pointwise Constraints in Vector-Valued Sobolev Spaces. With Applications in Optimal Control T2 - Applied Mathematics & Optimization N2 - We consider a set C with pointwise constraints in a vector-valued Sobolev space. We characterize its tangent and normal cone. Under the additional assumption that the pointwise constraints are affine and satisfy the linear independence constraint qualification, we show that the set C is polyhedric. The results are applied to the optimal control of a string in a polyhedral tube. KW - Tangent cone KW - Normal cone KW - Polyhedricity KW - Vector-valued function KW - Vector-valued measure Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00245-016-9381-1 SN - 0095-4616 SN - 1432-0606 VL - 77 IS - 3 SP - 463 EP - 497 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Strong stationarity for optimization problems with complementarity constraints in absence of polyhedricity T2 - Set-Valued and Variational Analysis N2 - We consider mathematical programs with complementarity constraints in Banach spaces. In particular, we focus on the situation that the complementarity constraint is defined by a non-polyhedric cone K. We demonstrate how strong stationarity conditions can be obtained in an abstract setting. These conditions and their verification can be made more precise in the case that Z is a Hilbert space and if the projection onto K is directionally differentiable with a derivative as given in Haraux (Journal of the Mathematical Society of Japan 29(4), 615–631, 1977, Theorem 1). Finally, we apply the theory to optimization problems with semidefinite and second-order-cone complementarity constraints. We obtain that local minimizers are strongly stationary under a variant of the linear-independence constraint qualification, and these are novel results. KW - Mathematical programs with complementarity constraints KW - Strong stationarity KW - Conic programming KW - Semidefinite cone KW - Second-order cone KW - Polyhedricity Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11228-016-0370-y SN - 1877-0533 SN - 1877-0541 VL - 25 IS - 1 SP - 133 EP - 175 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Towards M-stationarity for optimal control of the obstacle problem with control constraints T2 - SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization N2 - We consider an optimal control problem, whose state is given as the solution of the obstacle problem. The controls are not assumed to be dense in H⁻¹(\Ω). Hence, local minimizers may not be strongly stationary. By a nonsmooth regularization technique similar to the virtual control regularization, we prove a system of C-stationarity using only minimal regularity requirements. We show that even a system of M-stationarity is satisfied under the assumption that the regularized adjoint states converge in capacity. We also give a counterexample, showing that this additional assumption might be crucial. KW - M-stationarity conditions KW - obstalce problem KW - control constraints Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1137/140980582 SN - 1095-7138 SN - 0363-0129 VL - 54 IS - 2 SP - 964 EP - 986 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schneider, René A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - A-posteriori error estimation for control-constrained, linear-quadratic optimal control problems T2 - SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis N2 - We derive a posteriori error estimates for control-constrained, linear-quadratic optimal control problems. The error is measured in a norm which is motivated by the objective. Our abstract error estimator is separated into three contributions: the error in the variational inequality (i.e., in the optimality condition for the control) and the errors in the state and adjoint equation. Hence, one can use well-established estimators for the differential equations. We show that the abstract error estimator is reliable and efficient if the utilized estimators for the differential equations have these properties. We apply the error estimator to two distributed optimal control problems with distributed and boundary observation, respectively. Numerical examples exhibit a good error reduction if we use the local error contributions for an adaptive mesh refinement. KW - adaptive finite elements KW - a posteriori error analysis KW - optimal control KW - control constraints Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1137/15M1020460 SN - 1095-7170 SN - 0036-1429 VL - 54 IS - 2 SP - 1169 EP - 1192 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Weak and strong stationarity in generalized bilevel programming and bilevel optimal control T2 - Optimization N2 - In this article, we consider a general bilevel programming problem in reflexive Banach spaces with a convex lower level problem. In order to derive necessary optimality conditions for the bilevel problem, it is transferred to a mathematical program with complementarity constraints (MPCC). We introduce a notion of weak stationarity and exploit the concept of strong stationarity for MPCCs in reflexive Banach spaces, recently developed by the second author, and we apply these concepts to the reformulated bilevel programming problem. Constraint qualifications are presented, which ensure that local optimal solutions satisfy the weak and strong stationarity conditions. Finally, we discuss a certain bilevel optimal control problem by means of the developed theory. Its weak and strong stationarity conditions of Pontryagin-type and some controllability assumptions ensuring strong stationarity of any local optimal solution are presented. KW - Bilevel programming KW - programming in Banach spaces KW - mathematical program with complementarity constraints KW - stationarity KW - bilevel optimal control Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/02331934.2015.1122007 SN - 0233-1934 SN - 1029-4945 VL - 65 IS - 5 SP - 907 EP - 935 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Casas, Eduardo A1 - Herzog, Roland A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Analysis of Spatio-Temporally Sparse Optimal Control Problems of Semilinear Parabolic Equations T2 - ESAIM: Control, Optimisation and Calculus of Variations (COCV) N2 - Optimal control problems with semilinear parabolic state equations are considered. The objective features one out of three different terms promoting various spatio-temporal sparsity patterns of the control variable. For each problem, first-order necessary optimality conditions, as well as second-order necessary and sufficient optimality conditions are proved. The analysis includes the case in which the objective does not contain the squared norm of the control. KW - Optimal control KW - directional sparsity KW - second-order optimality conditions KW - semilinear parabolic equations Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1051/cocv/2015048 SN - 1292-8119 SN - 1262-3377 VL - 23 IS - 1 SP - 263 EP - 295 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dempe, Stephan A1 - Mefo Kue, Floriane A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick T1 - Optimality Conditions for Special Semidefinite Bilevel Optimization Problems T2 - SIAM Journal on Optimization N2 - In this paper, we consider an optimistic bilevel programming problem whose lower level is a semidefinite programming problem. Two main approaches, namely, the optimal value reformulation and the Karush--Kuhn--Tucker reformulation, are considered in order to transform the original problem into a single-level programming problem. Afterwards, the relationship between the original problem and its substitute is studied in each case and some necessary optimality conditions are derived as well. Therefore, among others, we exploit some calmness-type constraint qualifications studied in the general framework of finite-dimensional Hilbert spaces. KW - bilevel programming KW - semidefinite programming KW - optimality conditions Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1137/16M1099303 SN - 1052-6234 SN - 1095-7189 VL - 28 IS - 2 SP - 1564 EP - 1587 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dempe, Stephan A1 - Mefo Kue, Floriane A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick T1 - Optimality conditions for mixed discrete bilevel optimization problems T2 - Optimization: A Journal of Mathematical Programming and Operations Research N2 - In this article, we consider bilevel optimization problems with discrete lower level and continuous upper level problems. Taking into account both approaches (optimistic and pessimistic) which have been developed in the literature to deal with this type of problem, we derive some conditions for the existence of solutions. In the case where the lower level is a parametric linear problem, the bilevel problem is transformed into a continuous one. After that, we are able to discuss local optimality conditions using tools of variational analysis for each of the different approaches. Finally, we consider a simple application of our results namely the bilevel programming problem with the minimum spanning tree problem in the lower level. KW - bilevel programming KW - discrete parametric optimization KW - optimality conditions Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/02331934.2018.1427092 SN - 0233-1934 SN - 1029-4945 VL - 67 IS - 6 SP - 737 EP - 756 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Franke, Susanne A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick A1 - Pilecka, Maria T1 - Optimality conditions for the simple convex bilevel programming problem in Banach spaces T2 - Optimization: A Journal of Mathematical Programming and Operations Research N2 - The simple convex bilevel programming problem is a convex minimization problem whose feasible set is the solution set of another convex optimization problem. Such problems appear frequently when searching for the projection of a certain point onto the solution set of another program. Due to the nature of the problem, Slater’s constraint qualification generally fails to hold at any feasible point. Hence, one has to formulate weaker constraint qualifications or stationarity notions in order to state optimality conditions. In this paper, we use two different single-level reformulations of the problem, the optimal value and the Karush–Kuhn–Tucker approach, to derive optimality conditions for the original program. Since all these considerations are carried out in Banach spaces, the results are not limited to standard optimization problems in Rⁿ. On the road, we introduce and discuss a certain concept of M-stationarity for mathematical programs with complementarity constraints in Banach spaces. KW - bilevel programming KW - constraint qualifications KW - convex programming KW - mathematical program with complementarity constraints KW - programming in Banach spaces Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/02331934.2017.1394296 SN - 0233-1934 SN - 1029-4945 VL - 67 IS - 2 SP - 237 EP - 268 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick T1 - Necessary optimality conditions for a special class of bilevel programming problems with unique lower level solution T2 - Optimization: A Journal of Mathematical Programming and Operations Research N2 - We consider a bilevel programming problem in Banach spaces whose lower level solution is unique for any choice of the upper level variable. A condition is presented which ensures that the lower level solution mapping is directionally differentiable, and a formula is constructed which can be used to compute this directional derivative. Afterwards, we apply these results in order to obtain first-order necessary optimality conditions for the bilevel programming problem. It is shown that these optimality conditions imply that a certain mathematical program with complementarity constraints in Banach spaces has the optimal solution zero. We state the weak and strong stationarity conditions of this problem as well as corresponding constraint qualifications in order to derive applicable necessary optimality conditions for the original bilevel programming problem. Finally, we use the theory to state new necessary optimality conditions for certain classes of semidefinite bilevel programming problems and present an example in terms of bilevel optimal control. KW - bilevel programming KW - mathematical program with complementarity constraints KW - programming in Banach spaces KW - semidefinite programming Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/02331934.2017.1349123 SN - 0233-1934 SN - 1029-4945 VL - 66 IS - 10 SP - 1533 EP - 1562 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick T1 - Bilevel programming problems with simple convex lower level T2 - Optimization: A Journal of Mathematical Programming and Operations Research N2 - This article is dedicated to the study of bilevel optimal control problems equipped with a fully convex lower level of special structure. In order to construct necessary optimality conditions, we consider a general bilevel programming problem in Banach spaces possessing operator constraints, which is a generalization of the original bilevel optimal control problem. We derive necessary optimality conditions for the latter problem using the lower level optimal value function, ideas from DC-programming and partial penalization. Afterwards, we apply our results to the original optimal control problem to obtain necessary optimality conditions of Pontryagin-type. Along the way, we derive a handy formula, which might be used to compute the subdifferential of the optimal value function which corresponds to the lower level parametric optimal control problem. KW - bilevel programming KW - optimization in Banach spaces KW - nonsmooth optimization KW - DC-programming KW - optimal control Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/02331934.2015.1122006 SN - 0233-1934 SN - 1029-4945 VL - 65 IS - 6 SP - 1203 EP - 1227 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mönks, Uwe A1 - Dörksen, Helene A1 - Lohweg, Volker A1 - Hübner, Michael T1 - Information Fusion of Conflicting Input Data T2 - Sensors Y1 - 2016 SN - 1424-8220 VL - 16 IS - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Musch, Thomas A1 - Hübner, Michael A1 - Gebhardt, Patrick A1 - Abrolat, Jan Christoph A1 - Gevers, Martin A1 - Vogt, Michael T1 - Tomografische Verfahren für intelligente Sensoren in der Prozessautomatisierung T2 - atp plus : das Magazin der Automatisierungstechnik : Sonderausgabe Y1 - 2016 SN - 2510-3911 VL - 1 SP - 34 EP - 41 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spiess, Andrej-Nikolai A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Burdukiewicz, Michał A1 - Volksdorf, Thomas A1 - Tellinghuisen, Joel T1 - System-specific periodicity in quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction data questions threshold-based quantitation T2 - Scientific Reports Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/srep38951 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Burdukiewicz, Michał A1 - Sobczyk, Piotr A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Duda-Madej, Anna A1 - Mackiewicz, Pawel A1 - Kotulska, Malgorzata T1 - Amyloidogenic motifs revealed by n-gram analysis T2 - Scientific Reports Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-13210-9 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Liefold, Marius A1 - Ruhe, Madeleine A1 - Reinwald, Mark A1 - Beck, Eberhard A1 - Deckert, P. Markus T1 - Quantification of DNA double-strand breaks in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy donors exposed to bendamustine by an automated H2AX assay- an exploratory study T2 - Journal of Laboratory and Precision Medicine Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.21037/jlpm.2018.04.10 SN - 2519-9005 VL - 3 IS - 47 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schiebel, Juliane A1 - Böhm, Alexander A1 - Nitschke, Jörg A1 - Burdukiewicz, Michał A1 - Weinreich, Jörg A1 - Ali, Aamir A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Schierack, Peter T1 - Genotypic and phenotypic characteristics in association with biofilm formation in different pathotypes of human clinical Escherichia coli isolates T2 - Applied and Environmental Microbiology Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01660-17 SN - 1098-5336 SN - 0099-2240 VL - 83 IS - 24 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Albrecht, Eike T1 - Umgehungsversuche im Luftqualitätsrecht T2 - NJW-Aktuell Y1 - 2019 SN - 0341-1915 IS - 3 SP - 15 EP - 15 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - A guided tour of polyhedric sets: basic properties, new results on intersections and applications T2 - Journal of Convex Analysis N2 - The aim of this contribution is twofold. On the one hand, we give some new results concerning polyhedric sets. In particular, we show that sets with pointwise lower and upper bound are polyhedric in many important function spaces. Moreover, we show that the intersection of such a set with finitely many hyperplanes and half-spaces is polyhedric. We also provide counterexamples demonstrating that the intersection of polyhedric sets may fail to be polyhedric. On the other hand, we gather all important results from the literature concerning polyhedric sets in order to give a complete picture of the current knowledge. In particular, we illustrate the applications of polyhedricity. KW - Polyhedricity KW - polyhedric set KW - directional differentiability KW - projection KW - vector lattice KW - strong stationarity KW - second-order conditions Y1 - 2019 SN - 0944-6532 VL - 26 IS - 1 SP - 153 EP - 188 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lohmann, Hagen T1 - Neuausrichtung des Schutzes von Betriebs- und Geschäftsgeheimnissen im Umweltinformationsrecht T2 - Natur und Recht Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10357-018-3399-x SN - 0172-1631 SN - 1439-0515 VL - 40 IS - 9 SP - 607 EP - 612 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Optimal Control of Quasistatic Plasticity with Linear Kinematic Hardening III: Optimality Conditions T2 - Zeitschrift für Analysis und ihre Anwendungen N2 - In this paper we consider an optimal control problem governed by a rate-independent variational inequality arising in quasistatic plasticity with linear kinematic hardening. Since the solution operator of a variational inequality is not diff� erentiable, the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker system is not a necessary optimality condition. We show a system of weakly stationary type by passing to the limit with the optimality system of a regularized and time-discretized problem. KW - Complementarity condition KW - quasistatic plasticity KW - time-dependent variational inequality KW - mathematical program with complementarity constraints KW - evolution variational inequality KW - rate-independent Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4171/ZAA/1556 SN - 0232-2064 SN - 1661-4354 VL - 35 IS - 1 SP - 81 EP - 118 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Benita, Francisco A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick T1 - Optimal Control Problems with Terminal Complementarity Constraints T2 - SIAM Journal on Optimization (SIOPT) N2 - In this paper, we study an optimal control problem of ordinary differential equations with linear dynamics, affine mixed control-state constraints, and terminal complementarity constraints on the state function. We derive its weak, Mordukhovich, and strong stationarity conditions, and we present constraint qualifications which ensure that these conditions are satisfied at a locally optimal solution of the optimal control problem. KW - mathematical program with complementarity constraints KW - optimal control KW - optimality conditions KW - programming in Banach spaces KW - W- KW - M- KW - S-stationarity Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1137/16M107637X SN - 1052-6234 SN - 1095-7189 VL - 28 IS - 4 SP - 3079 EP - 3104 ER - TY - GEN A1 - McGuire, Darren A1 - Laaser, Knut T1 - ‘You have to pick’: Cotton and state-organized forced labour in Uzbekistan T2 - Economic and Industrial Democracy Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/0143831X18789786 SN - 1461-7099 SN - 0143-831X VL - 42(2021) IS - 3 SP - 552 EP - 572 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bolton, Sharon C. A1 - Laaser, Knut A1 - McGuire, Darren A1 - Duncan, Ashley T1 - A neglected pool of labour? Frontline service work and hotel recruitment in Glasgow T2 - European Management Review Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/emre.12172 SN - 1740-4762 SN - 1740-4754 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schnellenbach, Jan T1 - Evolving Hierarchical Preferences and Behavioral Economic Policies T2 - Public Choice Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11127-018-0607-4 SN - 1573-7101 SN - 0048-5829 VL - 178 IS - 1/2 SP - 31 EP - 52 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liebsch, Claudia A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Böhm, Alexander A1 - Nitschke, Jörg A1 - Weinreich, Jörg A1 - Fruth, Angelika A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Lehmann, Werner A1 - Schedler, Uwe A1 - Juretzek, Thomas A1 - Schierack, Peter T1 - Solid-phase microbead array for multiplex O-serotyping of Escherichia coli T2 - Microchimica Acta Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-017-2088-4 SN - 0026-3672 SN - 1436-5073 VL - 184 IS - 5 SP - 1405 EP - 1415 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Burdukiewicz, Michał A1 - Spiess, Andrej-Nikolai A1 - Blagodatskikh, Konstantin A. A1 - Lehmann, Werner A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Rödiger, Stefan T1 - Algorithms for automated detection of hook effect-bearing amplification curves T2 - Biomolecular Detection and Quantification Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bdq.2018.08.001 SN - 2214-7535 VL - 16 SP - 1 EP - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Deutschmann, Claudia A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Schierack, Peter T1 - The loss of tolerance to CHI3L1-A putative role in inflammatory bowel disease? T2 - Clinical Immunology Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10/gftf2k SN - 1521-6616 VL - 199 SP - 12 EP - 17 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reddig, Annika A1 - Rübe, Claudia E. A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Reinhold, Dirk A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk T1 - DNA damage assessment and potential applications in laboratory diagnostics and precision medicine T2 - Journal of Laboratory and Precision Medicine Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.21037/jlpm.2018.03.06 SN - 2519-9005 VL - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sowa, Mandy A1 - Reddig, Annika A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Reinhold, Dirk A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk T1 - Phosphorylated histone 2AX foci determination in capillary blood mononuclear cells T2 - Journal of Laboratory and Precision Medicine Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.21037/jlpm.2018.04.02 SN - 2519-9005 VL - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mousavi, Seyed Mohsen A1 - Pardalos, Panos M. A1 - Niaki, Seyed Taghi Akhavan A1 - Fathi, Mahdi A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin T1 - Solving a continuous periodic review inventory-location allocation problem in vendor-buyer supply chain under uncertainty T2 - Computers and Industrial Engineering Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cie.2018.12.071 SN - 0360-8352 VL - 128 SP - 541 EP - 552 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Al Kadi, Muhammed Soubhi A1 - Janßen, Benedikt A1 - Mori Alves da Silva, Jones Yudi A1 - Hübner, Michael T1 - General-Purpose Computing with Soft GPUs on FPGAs T2 - ACM Transactions on Reconfigurable Technology and Systems Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3173548 SN - 1936-7406 VL - 11 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bignardi, Luca A1 - Lizzit, Daniel A1 - Bana, Harsh A1 - Travaglia, Elisabetta A1 - Lacovig, Paolo A1 - Sanders, Charlotte E. A1 - Dendzik, Maciej A1 - Michiardi, Matteo A1 - Bianchi, Marco A1 - Ewert, Moritz A1 - Buß, Lars A1 - Falta, Jens A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo A1 - Baraldi, Alessandro A1 - Larciprete, Rosanna A1 - Hofmann, Philip A1 - Lizzit, Silvano T1 - Growth and structure of singly oriented single-layer tungsten disulfide on Au(111) T2 - Physical Review Materials N2 - A singly oriented, single layer of tungsten disulfide (WS2) was epitaxially grown on Au(111) and characterized at the nanoscale by combining photoelectron spectroscopy, photoelectron diffraction, and low-energy electron microscopy. Fast x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that the growth of a single crystalline orientation is triggered by choosing a low W evaporation rate and performing the process with a high temperature of the substrate. Information about the single orientation of the layer was obtained by acquiring x-ray photoelectron diffraction patterns, revealing a 1H polytype for the WS2 layer and, moreover, determining the structural parameters and registry with the substrate. The distribution, size, and orientation of the WS2 layer were further ascertained by low-energy electron microscopy. KW - tungsten disulfide (WS2) KW - Au (111) KW - photoelectron spectroscopy KW - photoelectron diffraction KW - low-energy electron microscopy Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.3.014003 SN - 2475-9953 VL - 3 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Benita, Francisco A1 - Dempe, Stephan A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick T1 - Bilevel Optimal Control Problems with Pure State Constraints and Finite-dimensional Lower Level T2 - SIAM Journal on Optimization (SIOPT) N2 - This paper focuses on the development of optimality conditions for a bilevel optimal control problem with pure state constraints in the upper level and a finite-dimensional parametric optimization problem in the lower level. After transforming the problem into an equivalent single-level problem, we concentrate on the derivation of a necessary optimality condition of Pontryagin type. We point out some major difficulties arising from the bilevel structure of the original problem and its pure state constraints in the upper level leading to a degenerated maximum principle in the absence of constraint qualifications. Hence, we use a partial penalization approach and a well-known regularity condition for optimal control problems with pure state constraints to ensure the nondegeneracy of the derived maximum principle. Finally, we illustrate the applicability of the derived theory by means of a small example. KW - bilevel optimization KW - optimal control KW - pure state constraints KW - optimality conditions KW - partial calmness Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1137/141000889 SN - 1052-6234 SN - 1095-7189 VL - 26 IS - 1 SP - 564 EP - 588 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo A1 - Höcker, Jan A1 - Sadowski, Jerzy T. A1 - Senanayake, Sanjaya D. A1 - Falta, Jens T1 - Nucleation, morphology, and structure of sub‐nm thin ceria islands on Rh(111) T2 - Surface and Interface Analysis N2 - The early stages of ceria growth on Rh(111) at high temperature have been investi-gated by low‐energy electron microscopy and photoemission electron microscopy. Ceria was deposited by reactive Ce deposition at substrate temperatures between 700°C and 900°C in an oxygen ambient of 5 × 10−7 Torr. At 700°C, we observe a high nucleation density of 100‐nm‐sized islands. With elevated temperature, the average island size increases, and the nucleation density decreases. Triangularly shaped islands nucleate preferentially at step edges, with seemingly abrupt interfaces between Ce and Rh. At 900°C, the island edges are still straight, but during growth the islands lose their triangular form. Instead, growth along the substrate step edges becomes favorable, leading to a maze‐like morphology. Atomic force microscopy reveals islands of 0.3 to 0.6‐nm height, consistent with ceria islands formed by one or two trilayers (O―Ce―O) of ceria. Moreover, the second layer of the islands is also triangularly shaped, with lateral dimensions of 50 nm and similar step heights. IV‐LEEM analysis leads to the conclusion that the rhodium surface is covered by a layer of reduced cerium oxide, which is partially overgrown by smaller islands of CeO2. KW - ceria KW - Rh (111) KW - low‐energy electron microscopy (LEEM) KW - photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM) KW - IV-LEEM Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/sia.6567 SN - 0142-2421 SN - 1096-9918 VL - 51 IS - 1 SP - 110 EP - 114 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Benita, Francisco A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick T1 - Bilevel Optimal Control With Final-State-Dependent Finite-Dimensional Lower Level T2 - SIAM Journal on Optimization (SIOPT) N2 - In this paper we discuss special bilevel optimal control problems where the upper level problem is an optimal control problem of ODEs with control and terminal constraints and the lower level problem is a finite-dimensional parametric optimization problem where the parameter is the final state of the state variable of the upper level. We tackle this problem using tools from nonsmooth analysis, optimization in Banach spaces, and bilevel programming to derive necessary optimality conditions of linearized Pontryagin-type. KW - optimal control KW - bilevel programming KW - Pontryagin maximum principle KW - optimization in Banach spaces KW - nonsmooth optimization KW - calmnes Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1137/15M1015984 SN - 1052-6234 SN - 1095-7189 VL - 26 IS - 1 SP - 718 EP - 752 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Amherd Hidalgo, Alexandra A1 - Limberg, Wolfgang A1 - Ebel, Thomas A1 - Frykholm, Robert A1 - Carreno-Morelli, Efrain A1 - Pyczak, Florian T1 - Influence of alloying elements in fatigue properties of α/β titanium alloys T2 - Key Engineering Materials Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.770.80 SN - 1662-9795 SN - 1013-9826 VL - 770 SP - 80 EP - 86 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Li A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Paul, Jonathan A1 - Oehring, Michael A1 - Lorenz, Uwe A1 - Yao, Zekun A1 - Ning, Yongquan T1 - Rafting of γ′ precipitates in a Co-9Al-9W superalloy during compressive creep T2 - Materials Science and Engineering Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2018.02.017 SN - 0921-5093 VL - 719 SP - 43 EP - 48 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhao, Dapeng A1 - Chen, Yu-kai A1 - Chang, Keke A1 - Ebel, Thomas A1 - Luthringer, Bérengère A1 - Willumeit-Römer, Regine A1 - Pyczak, Florian T1 - Surface topography and cytocompatibility of metal injection molded Ti–22Nb alloy as biomaterial T2 - Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1003-6326(18)64772-7 SN - 1003-6326 VL - 28 IS - 7 SP - 1342 EP - 1350 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lazurenko, Daria V. A1 - Bataev, Ivan A. A1 - Mali, Vyacheslav I. A1 - Jorge, J. R. A1 - Stark, Andreas A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Ogneva, T. S. A1 - Maliutina, I. N. T1 - Synthesis of metal-intermetallic laminate (MIL) composites with modified Al3Ti structure and in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction analysis of sintering process T2 - Materials and Design Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2018.04.038 SN - 0264-1275 VL - 151 SP - 8 EP - 16 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Freund, Lisa P. A1 - Stark, Andreas A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Schell, Norbert A1 - Göken, Mathias A1 - Neumeier, Steffen T1 - The grain boundary pinning effect of the µ phase in an advanced polycrystalline γ/γʹ Co-base superalloy T2 - Journal of Alloys and Compounds Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.04.204 SN - 0925-8388 VL - 753 SP - 333 EP - 342 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Thurimella, Anil Kumar A1 - Schubanz, Mathias A1 - Pleuss, Andreas A1 - Botterweck, Goetz T1 - Guidelines for Managing Requirements Rationales T2 - IEEE Software N2 - Requirements are identified and elaborated on the basis of stakeholders' decisions. The reasoning behind those decisions can be expressed as rationales. Systematic rationale management offers both short-term benefits, such as clearer requirements leading to fewer defects, and long-term benefits, such as simplified requirements evolution. However, little guidance exists for managing requirements rationales. This article presents guidelines to pragmatically capture, trace, maintain, and reuse such rationales. A list of questions augments the guidelines, improving their usability. KW - Stakeholders KW - Requirements engineering KW - Organizations KW - Software engineering KW - Systematics Y1 - 2017 UR - https://www.computer.org/csdl/mags/so/2017/01/mso2017010082-abs.html U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/MS.2015.157 SN - 0740-7459 SN - 1937-4194 VL - 34 IS - 1 SP - 82 EP - 90 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Helke, Steffen A1 - Kammüller, Florian T1 - Verification of Statecharts Using Data Abstraction T2 - International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications N2 - We present an approach for verifying Statecharts including infinite data spaces. We devise a technique for checking that a formula of the universal fragment of CTL is satisfied by a specification written as a Statechart. The approach is based on a property-preserving abstraction technique that additionally preserves structure. It is prototypically implemented in a logic-based framework using a theorem prover and a model checker. This paper reports on the following results. (1) We present a proof infra-structure for Statecharts in the theorem prover Isabelle/HOL, which constitutes a basis for defining a mechanised data abstraction process. The formalisation is based on Hierarchical Automata (HA) which allow a structural decomposition of Statecharts into Sequential Automata. (2) Based on this theory we introduce a data abstraction technique, which can be used to abstract the data space of a HA for a given abstraction function. The technique is based on constructing over-approximations. It is structure-preserving and is designed in a compositional way. (3) For reasons of practicability, we finally present two tactics supporting the abstraction that we have implemented in Isabelle/HOL. To make proofs more efficient, these tactics use the model checker SMV checking abstract models automatically. KW - Statechart KW - CTL KW - Data Abstraction KW - Model Checking KW - Theorem Proving Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.14569/IJACSA.2016.070179 SN - 2158-107X VL - 7 IS - 1 SP - 571 EP - 583 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Freund, Lisa P. A1 - Stark, Andreas A1 - Kirchmayer, Andreas A1 - Schell, Norbert A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Göken, Mathias A1 - Neumeier, Steffen T1 - The Effect of a Grain Boundary Pinning B2 Phase on Polycrystalline Co-Based Superalloys with Reduced Density T2 - Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-018-4757-2 SN - 1543-1940 SN - 1073-5623 VL - 49 IS - 9 SP - 4070 EP - 4078 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Li A1 - Oehring, Michael A1 - Lorenz, Uwe A1 - Stark, Andreas A1 - Pyczak, Florian T1 - New insights into perovskite-Ti3AlC precipitate splitting in a Ti-45Al-5Nb-0.75C alloy by transmission electron microscopy T2 - Intermetallics Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intermet.2018.06.006 SN - 0966-9795 VL - 100 SP - 70 EP - 76 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Li, Yuzhi A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Paul, Jonathan A1 - Yao, Zekun T1 - Oxidation behaviors of Co-Al-W-0.1B superalloys in a long-term isothermal exposure at 900 °C T2 - Journal of Materials Science and Technology Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2018.03.013 SN - 1005-0302 VL - 34 IS - 11 SP - 2212 EP - 2217 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Li A1 - Oehring, Michael A1 - Lorenz, Uwe A1 - Yang, Junjie A1 - Pyczak, Florian T1 - Influence of alloying additions on L1₂ decomposition in γ-γʹ Co-9Al-9W-2X quaternary alloys T2 - Scripta Materialia Y1 - 2018 SN - 1359-6462 VL - 154 SP - 176 EP - 181 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grimm, Tomas A1 - Hübner, Michael A1 - Lettnin, Djones T1 - A Survey on Formal Verification Techniques for Safety-Critical Systems-on-Chip T2 - Electronics Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics7060081 SN - 2079-9292 VL - 7 IS - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Franken, Tim A1 - Klauer, Christian A1 - Kienberg, Martin A1 - Matrisciano, Andrea A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - Prediction of thermal stratification in an engine-like geometry using a zero-dimensional stochastic reactor model T2 - International Journal of Engine Research KW - Prediction of thermal stratification Y1 - 2019 UR - https://journals.sagepub.com/eprint/5AKgEhAVA8RDS2tQWdGK/full SN - 2041-3149 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/1468087418824217 SN - 1468-0874 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Biswas, Anirban A1 - Garain, Samiran A1 - Maity, Kuntal A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Mandal, Dipankar T1 - Influence of In situ Synthesized Bismuth Oxide Nanostructures in Self-poled PVDF-based Nanogenerator for Mechanical Energy Harvesting Application T2 - Polymer Composites N2 - A self-poled piezoelectric nanogenerator (NG) based on bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) nanostructures (BNS)-doped poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) is demonstrated. The in-situ formation of BNS incorporated in the PVDF matrix is realized through a simple solution casting technique that favors the nucleation and stabilization of 99.6% of the electroactive phase in PVDF (i.e., beta/gamma-phases). The enhancement of the output voltage (3.6 V) and current (2.4mA) of the NG based on a nonelectrically poled BNS containing PVDF composite film is achieved and demonstrated by simple repeated human finger imparting. The improvement of the output performance is influenced by the generation of the electroactive polar beta-phase in PVDF, due to the electrostatic interactions between the –CH2–/–CF2– dipoles of PVDF and the surface charge of the BNS. The NGs are able to charge up capacitors demonstrating that the power generation from such a hybrid device structure can be utilized for powering various portable devices. KW - Nanogenerators KW - energy harvesting KW - PVDF KW - bismuth oxide KW - Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) KW - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) KW - X-ray diffraction (XRD) KW - Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.24628 SN - 0272-8397 SN - 1548-0569 VL - 40 IS - S1 SP - E265 EP - E274 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kot, Małgorzata A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Naumann, Franziska A1 - Gargouri, Hassan A1 - Tarnawska, Lidia Lupina A1 - Wilker, Viola A1 - Kus, Peter A1 - Pożarowska, Emilia A1 - Garain, Samiran A1 - Rouissi, Zied A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Comparison of plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition AlN films prepared with different plasma sources T2 - Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology A N2 - A comparative study of thin aluminum nitride (AlN) films deposited by plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition in the SENTECH SI ALD LL system applying either a direct inductively coupled plasma (ICP) or an indirect capacitively coupled plasma (CCP) source is presented. The films prepared with the ICP source (based on a planar triple spiral antenna) exhibit improved properties concerning the growth rate per cycle, total cycle duration, homogeneity, refractive index, fixed and mobile electrical charges, and residual oxygen content compared to the CCP source, where the comparison is based on the applied plasma power of 200 W. The increase of the plasma power to 600 W in the ICP process significantly reduces the residual oxygen content and enhances the electrical breakdown field. The AlN layers grown under these conditions, with a growth rate per cycle of 1.54 Å/cycle, contain residual oxygen and carbon concentrations of about 10% and 4%, respectively, and possess a refractive index of 2.07 (at 632.8 nm). KW - Plamsa-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) KW - inductively coupled KW - capacitively coupled KW - plamsa source KW - ellipsometry KW - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) KW - X-ray diffraction (XRD) KW - Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) KW - capacitance-voltage (CV) KW - atomic force microscopy Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1116/1.5079628 SN - 0734-2101 SN - 1520-8559 VL - 37 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yasenchuk, Yuri A1 - Gunther, Victor A1 - Marchenko, Ekaterina A1 - Chekalkin, Timofey A1 - Baigonakova, Gulsharat A1 - Hodorenko, Valentina A1 - Gunther, Sergey A1 - Kang, Ji-hoon A1 - Weiß, Sabine A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei T1 - Formation of mineral phases in self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) of porous TiNi alloy T2 - Materials Research Express N2 - The complex structural-phase composition, morphology and elemental composition of surface and nonmetallics in porous TiNi compounds produced by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) in a flow reactor in the layer-by-layer combustion mode were analyzed. The samples were investigated using light microscopy (LM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The findings indicate that in addition to the TiNi and Ti2Ni intermetallic constituents, the pore's surface contains numerous Ti4Ni2(O,N,C) nanocrystalline oxycarbonitrides, spinels, polysilicates, and residual amorphous phases. The elemental composition of the surface and crystalline inclusions is investigated by the EDS method. LM, SEM, TEM, and EDS instrumental examination revealed the entire surface comprising a continuous shell of intermetallic superficial bulb-shaped structures, as well as crystalline inclusions of polysilicates and spinels in the intergranular peritectic phase. Prominent morphology was confirmed to appear throughout the pore's surface owing to the interaction of the peritectic liquid (PL) with reaction gases. The epitaxial, nanocrystalline strata of intermetallic oxycarbonitrides were shown to have the intricate nature. Reaction gases chemisorbed by the PL are responsible for the continuous and dense substrate, which ultrafine structure modulates a high corrosion resistance. On the contrary, the sparse and foamy overlay resulted from a convective transfer of the PL by reaction gases facilitates in vivo bio-integration of the alloy. Overall, this sheds light on and may be more indicative of the complex role of superficial strata and nonmetallic crystals in enhanced biocompatibility of the unwrought porous TiNi alloy. KW - Porous TiNi alloys KW - SHS KW - Pore formation KW - Surface structures KW - Reaction gases KW - Amorphous layer Y1 - 2019 UR - https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2053-1591/ab01a1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ab01a1 SN - 2053-1591 VL - 6 IS - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwiegelshohn, Fynn A1 - Ossovski, Eugen A1 - Hübner, Michael T1 - A resampling method for parallel particle filter architectures T2 - Microprocessors & Microsystems Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpro.2016.07.017 SN - 0141-9331 VL - 47, B SP - 314 EP - 320 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Glock, Thomas A1 - Kern, Matthias A1 - Otten, Stefan A1 - Sax, Eric A1 - Hillenbrand, Martin A1 - Hübner, Michael T1 - Prozessanlagenplanung 2.0 Netzarchitektur aus Vefahrensbeschreibung ableiten T2 - atp edition Y1 - 2016 SN - 2190-4111 VL - 58 IS - 10 SP - 28 EP - 39 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Glock, Thomas A1 - Hillenbrand, Martin A1 - Hübner, Michael T1 - Smarte Sensoren in der Feldebene T2 - atp edition Y1 - 2015 SN - 2364-3137 VL - 57 IS - 11 SP - 32 EP - 42 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Brusch, Ines A1 - Brusch, Michael A1 - Kozlowski, Therese T1 - Factors Influencing Employer Branding: Investigations of Student Perceptions Outside Metropolitan Regions T2 - International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1108/IJQSS-09-2017-0085 SN - 1756-669X VL - 10 IS - 2 SP - 149 EP - 162 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rosanski, Meike A1 - Sauer, Lysann A1 - Schröder, Christian A1 - Stohwasser, Ralf T1 - Knockout of proteolytic key regulators in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor cells by CRISPR/cas9 T2 - Journal of Cellular Biotechnology KW - PSME3 gene KW - proteasome activator PA28gamma KW - MPNST S462 cells KW - CRISPR KW - apoptosis Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/JCB-189002 SN - 2352-3697 SN - 2352-3689 VL - 4 IS - 1/2 SP - 5 EP - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kombat, Alex Moyem A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - The emergence of environmental taxe in Ghana - A public choise analysis T2 - Environmental Policy and Governance Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/eet.1829 SN - 1756-9338 SN - 1756-932X VL - 29 IS - 1 SP - 46 EP - 54 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sieber, Tim A1 - Ducke, Jana A1 - Rietig, Anja A1 - Langner, Thomas A1 - Acker, Jörg T1 - Recovery of Li(Ni0.33Mn0.33Co0.33)O2 from Lithium-Ion Battery Cathodes: Aspects of Degradation T2 - Nanomaterials N2 - Nickel–manganese–cobalt oxides, with LiNi0.33Mn0.33Co0.33O2 (NMC) as the most prominent compound, are state-of-the-art cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles. The growing market for electro mobility has led to a growing global demand for Li, Co, Ni, and Mn, making spent lithium-ion batteries a valuable secondary resource. Going forward, energy- and resource-inefficient pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical recycling strategies must be avoided. We presented an approach to recover NMC particles from spent lithium-ion battery cathodes while preserving their chemical and morphological properties, with a minimal use of chemicals. The key task was the separation of the cathode coating layer consisting of NMC, an organic binder, and carbon black, from the Al substrate foil. This can be performed in water under strong agitation to support the slow detachment process. However, the contact of the NMC cathode with water leads to a release of Li+ ions and a fast increase in the pH. Unwanted side reactions may occur as the Al substrate foil starts to dissolve and Al(OH)3 precipitates on the NMC. These side reactions are avoided using pH-adjusted solutions with sufficiently high buffer capacities to separate the coating layer from the Al substrate, without precipitations and without degradation of the NMC particles. KW - lithium KW - nickel–manganese–cobalt oxide KW - NMC KW - leaching KW - recycling KW - SEM-EDX KW - Raman spectroscopy KW - lithium ion battery Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/journal/nanomaterials/special_issues/charact_nano UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/9/2/246 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9020246 SN - 2079-4991 VL - 9 IS - 2 SP - 246 EP - 259 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Oprei, Anna A1 - Zlatanović, Sanja A1 - Mutz, Michael T1 - Grazers superimpose humidity effect on stream biofilm resistance and resilience to dry-rewet stress T2 - Science of The Total Environment KW - Climate change KW - Flow intermittency Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.316 SN - 0048-9697 VL - 659 SP - 841 EP - 850 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kotwica, Tomasz A1 - Domaradzki, Jarosław A1 - Wojcieszak, Damian A1 - Sikora, Andrzej A1 - Kot, Małgorzata A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Analysis of surface properties of Ti-Cu-Ox gradient thin films using AFM and XPS investigations T2 - Materials Science-Poland N2 - The paper presents results of investigations on surface properties of transparent semiconducting thin films based on (Ti-Cu)oxide system prepared using multi-magnetron sputtering system. The thin films were prepared using two programmed profiles of pulse widt hmodulation coefficient, so called V- and U-shape profiles. The applied powering profiles allowed fabrication of thin films with gradient distribution of Ti and Cu elements over the thickness of deposited layers. Optical investigations allowed determination of transparency of prepared films that reached up to 60 % in the visible part of optical radiation, which makes them attractive for the transparent electronics domain. Surface properties investigations showed that the surface of mixed (Ti-Cu)oxides was sensitive to adsorption, in particular to carbon dioxide and water vapor. Soft etching with argon ions resulted in surface cleaning from residuals, however, deoxidation of Cu-oxide components was also observed. KW - surface KW - gradient distribution KW - thin film oxide Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2478/msp-2018-0100 SN - 0137-1339 SN - 2083-1331 SN - 2083-134X VL - 36 IS - 4 SP - 761 EP - 768 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Luches, Paola A1 - Gasperi, Gabriele A1 - Sauerbrey, Marc A1 - Valeri, Sergio A1 - Falta, Jens A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo T1 - Dynamics of the Interaction Between Ceria and Platinum During Redox Processes T2 - Frontiers in Chemistry N2 - The work is focused on understanding the dynamics of the processes which occur at the interface between ceria and platinum during redox processes, by investigating an inverse catalytic model system made of ceria epitaxial islands and ultrathin films supported on Pt(111). The evolution of the morphology, structure and electronic properties is analyzed in real-time during reduction and oxidation, using low-energy electron microscopy and spatially resolved low-energy electron diffraction. The reduction is induced using different methods, namely thermal treatments in ultra-high vacuum and in H2 as well as deposition of Ce on the oxide surface, while re-oxidation is obtained by exposure to oxygen at elevated temperature. The use of two different epitaxial systems, continuous films and nanostructures, allows determining the influence of platinum proximity on the stabilization of the specific phases observed. The factors that limit the reversibility of the observed modifications with the different oxidation treatments are also discussed. The obtained results highlight important aspects of the cerium oxide/Pt interaction that are relevant for a complete understanding of the behavior of Pt/CeO2 catalysts. KW - cerium oxide KW - platinum KW - low‐energy electron microscopy (LEEM) KW - low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) KW - reduction Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2019.00057 SN - 2296-2646 VL - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Plenz, Maik A1 - Lehmann, Kathrin T1 - Gleichzeitigkeit als Leistungsgröße: Inter- und Intra-Klassen-Leistung volatiler EE-Einspeiser T2 - Zeitschrift für Energiewirtschaft N2 - Im Fokus der Energiewende stehen u. a.: Verteilnetze und Erneuerbare Energien Anlagen. Die reale und simulative Integration dieser dezentralen Anlagen stellt insbesondere die Verteilnetzbetreiber vor große Herausforderungen. Für die Planung und Dimensionierung von Energienetzen sind die Kenntnisse aller anzuschließenden Erzeuger und Verbraucher sowie ihrer Anschlussleistungen notwendig. Das Verständnis zur maximalen Gleichzeitigkeit eines Erzeugungsanlagentyps ermöglicht neben Verteilnetzbetreibern auch Wissenschaftlern die punktuelle oder kumulierte Beurteilung der maximalen Einspeisung zur Planung bei numerischen Fallstudien oder Extremszenarien. Mit diesem Artikel soll die Frage beantwortet werden, wie hoch eine gleichzeitige maximale Einspeisung von PV- und Windenergie zu einem Zeitpunkt ist und in welchem Verhältnis die installierte Leistung zur maximal erzeugten Leistung steht. Der Gleichzeitigkeitsfaktor bemisst dabei, in welchem Verhältnis die Summe einer maximalen, realen Last eines Lasttypes zur Summe seiner Anschlusswerte steht. Diese Gleichzeitigkeit gilt ebenfalls bei alternierenden Erzeugungsanlagen, wobei unterschieden werden muss zwischen gleichzeitiger Leistung innerhalb einer Erzeugungsart (Intra-Klassen-Leistung) und zwischen verschiedenen volatilen Erzeugungsarten (Inter-Klassen-Leistung). In Zusammenarbeit mit einem überregionalen Verteilnetzbetreiber werden mittels statistischer Analysen approximierte Regressionsgeraden zur groben Bestimmung dieser Größen im Raum Mitteldeutschland ermittelt. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12398-018-0235-1 SN - 0343-5377 SN - 1866-2765 VL - 42 IS - 4 SP - 329 EP - 336 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gilgenmann, Klaus T1 - Antropologie evoluzionistiche e scienze sociali in Dieter Claessens T2 - IRIDE- Filosofia e discussione pubblica Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1414/90191 SN - 1122-7893 VL - 31 IS - 1 SP - 105 EP - 118 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Marino, Mario A1 - Bonito Oliva, Rossella A1 - D'Alessandro, Giuseppe Carmine T1 - Storia naturale e antropologia nei Beytraege zur Naturgeschichte T2 - Studi Filosofici Y1 - 2016 SN - 1124-1047 VL - 39 SP - 309 EP - 324 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wagner, Gerd T1 - Information and Process Modeling for Simulation – Part I. T2 - Journal of Simulation Engineering N2 - In simulation engineering, a system model mainly consists of an information model describing a system's state structure and a process model describing its dynamics. In the fields of Information Systems and Software Engineering, there are widely used standards such as the Class Diagrams of the Unified Modeling Language (UML) for making information models, and the Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) for making process models. This tutorial presents a general Object Event Modeling (OEM) approach for Discrete Event Simulation modeling using UML class diagrams and BPMN-based process diagrams at all three levels of model-driven simulation engineering: for making conceptual domain models, for making platform-independent simulation design models, and for making platform-specific, executable simulation models. In this approach, object and event types are modeled as special categories of UML classes, random variables are modeled as a special category of UML operations constrained to comply with a specific probability distribution, and queues are modeled as ordered association ends, while event rules are modeled both as BPMN-based process diagrams and pseudo-code. In Part II, we will discuss the more advanced OEM concepts of activities and GPSS/SIMAN/Arena-style Processing Networks. Finally, in Part III, we will further extend the OEM paradigm towards agent-based modeling and simulation by adding the concepts of agents with perceptions, actions and beliefs. Y1 - 2018 UR - https://jsime.org/index.php/jsimeng/article/view/2 SN - 2569-9466 VL - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wagner, Gerd A1 - Drogoul, Alexis A1 - Fishwick, Paul A1 - Gilbert, Nigel A1 - Pegden, Dennis A1 - Yilmaz, Levent T1 - Panel Discussion: On the Unity and Diversity of Computer Simulation T2 - Journal of Simulation Engineering N2 - The term Computer Simulation subsumes different simulation paradigms, languages and implementation technologies as well as many different application areas each with its own scientific communities. So, there is clearly a lot of conceptual, methodological, technological and application diversity in the area of Computer Simulation. From its start in 1967, the Winter Simulation Conference managed to get four scientific communities involved: computer scientists, electrical engineers, industrial engineers and mathematicians (operations researchers). Only later, in 2011 and 2012, an attempt was made to get environmental and social scientists involved who have been adopting the idea of "individual-based" or "agent-based" simulation. Today, two American, a European and an Asian social simulation conference have been established. How much unity exists between the scientific areas and communities represented by the Winter Simulation Conference? How much unity exists between the scientific areas and communities represented by the newer social science simulation conferences? And how much unity exists between Discrete Event Simulation and the newer forms of social science simulation? These and other questions about the unity and diversity of Computer Simulation have been discussed via email from April 17 to May 17, 2018, by five leading experts: Alexis Drogoul, Paul Fishwick, Nigel Gilbert, Dennis Pegden and Levent Yilmaz, moderated by Gerd Wagner. Y1 - 2018 UR - https://jsime.org/index.php/jsimeng/article/view/7 SN - 2569-9466 VL - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lutter, Anne-Helen A1 - Liedtke, Victoria A1 - Scholka, Jenny A1 - Muschter, Antje A1 - Becker, Roland A1 - Anderer, Ursula T1 - Co-culture of human chondrogenic microtissues with osteoblast-like Saos-2 cells or HFF-1 fibroblasts influence the differentiation potential of spheroids T2 - Journal of Cellular Biotechnology N2 - BACKGROUND: Tissue engineering has become a major field of research in biotechnology and biomedicine. As a consequence, cell-based therapeutic approaches are entering the hospitals, especially for skeletal regeneration. Traumatic injuries of cartilage are treated with autologous cell suspensions or in vitro generated cartilage tissues, but there is actually no therapy available for degenerative cartilage defects. However, Osteoarthritis (OA) is a major public health problem in the world affecting 240 million people globally. OBJECTIVE: To develop suitable in vitro tissues, the properties of chondrogenic spheroids should be optimized via coculture with cells naturally occurring as joint neighbours. METHODS: Human chondrocytes were isolated from condyles and propagated in monolayer culture. Scaffold-free spheroids were generated and co-cultured with joint-specific partner cells (osteoblast-like osteosarcoma cells, fibroblasts). Morphology and differentiation was analyzed using histochemistry (Alcian blue, Safranin O) and immunohistochemistry for cartilage markers (collagen type II, Sox9, proteoglycan), proliferation-associated protein (Ki67) and markers of connective tissue (collagen type I and actin). RESULTS: The provision of a more natural microenvironment in vitro via co-culture of chondrocyte-based aggregates with osteoblast-like Saos-2 cells enhanced the differentiation potential of chondrogenic spheroids towards hyaline cartilage. CONCLUSIONS: The study showed the positive influence of Saos-2 cells on the differentiation potential of human chondrocytes in co-culture. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/JCB-189005 SN - 2352-3697 SN - 2352-3689 VL - 4 IS - 1/2 SP - 31 EP - 42 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Lucius, Andreas A1 - Schrödter, Marcus A1 - Schneider, Marc A1 - Sarradj, Ennes T1 - Reduction of Turbulence Interaction Noise Through Airfoils With Perforated Leading Edges T2 - Acta Acustica united with Acustica Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3813/AAA.919292 SN - 1610-1928 SN - 1436-7947 VL - 105 IS - 1 SP - 109 EP - 122 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Kamps, Laura A1 - Sarradj, Ennes A1 - Brücker, Christoph T1 - Vortex Shedding and Modal Behavior of a Circular Cylinder Equipped with Flexible Flaps T2 - Acta Acustica united with Acustica Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3813/aaa.919301 SN - 1610-1928 SN - 1436-7947 VL - 105 IS - 1 SP - 210 EP - 219 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Steinborn, Anke T1 - Die Frau, das Bild, der Mord. Das Bild ist tot. Es lebe das (Bewegt-)Bild T2 - JUNI. Magazin für Literatur und Kultur KW - Rundfunk, Film, Fotoreportage, Feuilleton Y1 - 2019 SN - 0931-2854 VL - 55/56 SP - 53 EP - 73 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herzberg, Heidrun A1 - Bernateck, Kathrin T1 - Habitusmodifikation im beruflichen Weiterbildungsprozess. Ergebnisse einer qualitativen Studie zur Gesundheitsversorgung im ländlichen Raum T2 - Pädagogik der Gesundheitsberufe Y1 - 2019 SN - 2199-9562 VL - 1 SP - 42 EP - 48 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herzberg, Heidrun A1 - Baudendistel, Ines A1 - Nöst, Stefan A1 - Peters-Klimm, Frank A1 - Scherer, Martin A1 - Blozik, Eva A1 - Joos, Stefanie T1 - Bridging the gap between patients‘ needs and quality indicators: a qualitative study with chronic heart failure patients. T2 - Journal of Patient Preference and Adherence Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2147/PPA.S83850 VL - 9 SP - 1397 EP - 1405 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herzberg, Heidrun A1 - Pohontsch, Nadine Janis A1 - Joos, Stefanie A1 - Welti, Felix A1 - Scherer, Martin A1 - Blozik, Eva T1 - The professional perspective on patient involvement in the development of quality indicators: a qualitative analysis using the example of chronic heart failure in the German health care setting. T2 - Journal of Patient Preference and Adherence Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2147/PPA.S74064 IS - 9 SP - 151 EP - 159 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mitseva, Asya A1 - Panchenko, Andriy A1 - Engel, Thomas T1 - The state of affairs in BGP security: A survey of attacks and defenses T2 - Computer Communications Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comcom.2018.04.013 SN - 0140-3664 VL - 124 SP - 45 EP - 60 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Daraghmeh, Adnan A1 - Qatanani, Naji A1 - Hartmann, Carsten T1 - Optimal control of linear systems with balanced reduced-order models: Perturbation approximations T2 - Applied Mathematics and Computation Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amc.2018.04.065 SN - 0096-3003 VL - 337 SP - 119 EP - 136 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kebiri, Omar A1 - Neureither, Lara A1 - Hartmann, Carsten T1 - Singularly Perturbed Forward-Backward Stochastic Differential Equations: Application to the Optimal Control of Bilinear Systems T2 - Computation Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/computation6030041 SN - 2079-3197 VL - 6 IS - 3 SP - 41 EP - 41 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Saskia M. A1 - Bilz, Ludwig T1 - Teachers‘ self-efficacy in bullying interventions and their probability of intervention T2 - Psychology in the Schools Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pits.22229 SN - 1520-6807 SN - 0033-3085 VL - 56 IS - 5 SP - 751 EP - 764 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klepel, Olaf A1 - Taubert, Michael T1 - Attempts to design porous carbon monoliths using porous concrete as a template - Part II: Some aspects of the pore formation mechanism T2 - Microporous Mesoporous Mater Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2019.02.024 SN - 1387-1811 VL - 280 SP - 243 EP - 247 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Marino, Mario T1 - «Famiglia» e «sistema dei valori» nell'antropologia sociologica di Claessens T2 - IRIDE- Filosofia e discussione pubblica Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1414/90190 SN - 1122-7893 VL - 31 IS - 1 SP - 119 EP - 134 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Marino, Mario T1 - «Mir hat der Mann gedünkt, als ob wir in Platons Vorwelt zusammen auf einer Hörbank gesessen». Bemerkungen und neue Hypothesen zur Vor- und Rezeptionsgeschichte von Herders Verhältnis zu Hemsterhuis T2 - Studi Filosofici N2 - The present paper undertakes a new interpretation of Herder’s first approaches to Hemsterhuis. The first step is a critical retracement of the history of reception with regards to three phases and to related influential editors, intellectuals and researchers: the late Eighteenth century (Blankenburg and Jansen), the second half of the 19th century until the beginning of the 20th century (Meyboom, Giesebrecht, Haym, Bulle, Funder), the contemporary research (Moenkemeyer, Proß, Heinz). The second step analyses several neglected, misunderstood or otherwise used sources such as letters and reviews in order to outline the influence of both the Darmstadt circle of Sensitives (Empfindsamen) and the Göttingen popular philosophy on Herder’s first perception of Hemsterhuis. Against the common view that Herder was attracted from the outset by Hemsterhuis and his Lettre sur les désirs, the present investigation demonstrates that at the beginning (and in consequence of Leuchsenring’s distorted use of Hemsterhuis) he mistrusted Hemsterhuis as a champion of egotical and self-related sensitivness and that only in a second moment – through the influence among others of the public debate on his Abhandlung über den Ursprung der Sprache und Hemsterhuis’ Lettre sur l’homme – he discovered and entusiastically claimed his own affinity to Hemsterhuis. Y1 - 2018 SN - 1124-1047 VL - 41 SP - 119 EP - 140 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Marino, Mario A1 - Lepenies, Wolf T1 - Dieter Claessens. Appunti per una biografia intellettuale T2 - IRIDE- Filosofia e discussione pubblica Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1414/90192 SN - 1122-7893 VL - 31 IS - 1 SP - 89 EP - 103 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Joachim T1 - Il «concreto» e l'«astratto». Claessens e un'antropologia filosofica della storia T2 - IRIDE- Filosofia e discussione pubblica Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1414/90189 SN - 1122-7893 VL - 31 IS - 1 SP - 135 EP - 148 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sharma, Sparsh A1 - Sarradj, Ennes T1 - Two-dimensional isotropic turbulent inflow conditions for vortex particle method T2 - Physical Review Fluids Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.4.022701 SN - 2469-990X VL - 4 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Henke, Anna-Sophia A1 - Noack, Martin A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Heinrich, Christoph Rocky A1 - Beirow, Bernd A1 - Sarradj, Ennes A1 - Kühhorn, Arnold T1 - Calculation of the Modal Behavior of Structured Sheet Metal T2 - International Journal of Lightweight Materials and Manufacture Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlmm.2019.01.004 SN - 2588-8404 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tran Anh, Duc A1 - Dreßler, Christoph André A1 - Jankowski, Eckbert T1 - Zarządzanie Przedsiębiorstwem. Enterprise Management T2 - Social Perception of digitization in Germany Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.25961/ent.manag.21.03.05 SN - 1643-4773 VL - 21 IS - 3 SP - 33 EP - 36 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herzberg, Heidrun A1 - Bernateck, Kathrin A1 - Welti, Felix A1 - Joos, Stefanie A1 - Pohontsch, Nadine Janis A1 - Blozik, Eva A1 - Scherer, Martin T1 - Patientenbeteiligung bei der Entwicklung von Qualitätsindikatoren am Beispiel der Nationalen VersorgungsLinie Chronische Herzinsuffizienz - Eine qualitative Analyse kollektiver Sichtweisen T2 - Das Gesundheitswesen KW - Leitlinie KW - Qualitätsindikatoren KW - Wissensordnungen KW - interne Evidenz KW - Patientenbeteiligung Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0035-1548880 SN - 0941-3790 SN - 0949-7013 VL - 78 IS - 06 SP - 373 EP - 377 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herzberg, Heidrun A1 - Bernateck, Kathrin T1 - Caring Communities. Hintergrundstrukturen „sorgender Gemeinschaften“ in Ostdeutschland T2 - Neue Praxis. Zeitschrift für Sozialarbeit, Sozialpädagogik und Sozialpolitik Y1 - 2017 SN - 0342-9857 VL - 1 SP - 39 EP - 54 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herzberg, Heidrun A1 - Sparschuh, Vera A1 - Rackow, Katja A1 - Kirschner, Anne A1 - Bernateck, Kathrin T1 - Ressourcen, Potenziale und Blockaden des "dritten Sozialraums" in zwei ländlichen Regionen Mecklenburg-Vorpommerns. Überlegungen zu einem Konzept "sorgender Gemeinschaften" T2 - Zeitschrift für Sozialpädagogik Y1 - 2017 SN - 1610-2339 VL - 15 IS - 3 SP - 248 EP - 272 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bernateck, Kathrin A1 - Herzberg, Heidrun T1 - Neue Strukturen ambulanter Pflege im ländlichen Raum. Die Perspektive der Profis. T2 - Pflegewissenschaft Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3936/1620 SN - 1662-3029 VL - 20 IS - 11/12 SP - 273 EP - 285 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herzberg, Heidrun A1 - Seltrecht, Astrid T1 - Von der Gesundheitsbildung zur Gesundheitspädagogik. T2 - Der pädagogische Blick. Zeitschrift für Wissenschaft und Praxis in pädagogischen Berufen Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3262/PB1102068 SN - 0943-5484 VL - 2 SP - 68 EP - 79 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herzberg, Heidrun T1 - Hábitos de aprendizaje y dinámicas de aprendizaje a lo largo de la vida T2 - Cuestiones Pedagógicas N2 - In this article the thesis is posited that Bourdieu’s ‘habitus‘ concept, if used in the analysis of lifelong (biographical) learning and training processes, requires reformulation in terms of biographical theory. Proceeding on this theory, the author presents her own concept of a biographical learning habitus. In an intergenerational study of parents and children working in the shipbuilding industry in Rostock, two significantly different patterns of learning habitus have been identified. Given this context, the great influence of social frame conditions on continuity and change in deep-rooted patterns of learning will be given special attention. The concluding section of this article presents proposals for an innovative concept of lifelong learning and for (adult-) educational practices and research. Theoretical considerations and empirical findings provided the basis for the proposals. Y1 - 2011 UR - http://hdl.handle.net/11441/14051 VL - 20 SP - 143 EP - 158 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herzberg, Heidrun T1 - Neuere biographietheoretische Ansätze der Erwachsenenbildung. T2 - Enzyklopädie Erziehungswissenschaft Online (EEO) Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3262/EEO16090009 SN - 2191-8325 VL - 1 SP - 1 EP - 20 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herzberg, Heidrun A1 - Truschkat, Inga T1 - Altenpflegeausbildung: Ein Professionalisierungsprozess zwischen konkurrierenden Wissensordnungen. T2 - Neue Praxis. Zeitschrift für Sozialarbeit, Sozialpädagogik und Sozialpolitik Y1 - 2009 SN - 0342-9857 VL - 1 SP - 53 EP - 65 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ahlswede, Steve A1 - Fabiano, Ezequiel Chimbioputo A1 - Keeping, Derek A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Using the Formozov–Malyshev–Pereleshin formula to convert mammal spoor counts into density estimates for long‐term community‐level monitoring T2 - African Journal of Ecology Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/aje.12587 SN - 1365-2028 SN - 0141-6707 VL - 57 IS - 2 SP - 177 EP - 189 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kappler, Christoph A1 - Kaiser, Knut A1 - Küster, Mathias A1 - Nicolay, Alexander A1 - Fülling, Alexander A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Late Pleistocene and Holocene terrestrial geomorphodynamics and soil formation in northeastern Germany: a review of geochronological data T2 - Physical geography N2 - This study is based on 616 geochronological ages from aeolian and colluvial sediments as well as paleosols, representing the largest database of geochronological data from northeastern Germany available to date. Cumulative probability density functions for radiocarbon data and kernel density estimates for luminescence data were created covering the last 15 ka. The data analysis aimed at the identification of changes and their drivers in geomorphodynamics and soil formation. The ages representing aeolian activity cluster in the Late Glacial, the Early Holocene, and the Late Holocene, where the first two clusters are assumed to result mostly from climatic impact with only a minor share of human impact triggering the mobilization of aeolian sediments. The third cluster is considered to result mainly from human impact. The Late Glacial to Early Holocene activity phase is interrupted by a phase of surface stability around 11.5–12.7 ka, which is indicated by the occurrence of initial soil formations of Finow and Usselo types. Colluvial sedimentation predominantly occurred during the last 7 ka and clearly accelerated since the last 1000 a. According to the ages of specific paleosol types, related soilforming processes started already in the Late Glacial and were completed in the Holocene. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/02723646.2019.1573621 SN - 1930-0557 VL - 40 IS - 5 SP - 405 EP - 432 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bokuchava, Gizo A1 - Petrov, Peter A1 - Genchev, Gancho Vladimirov A1 - Michailov, Vesselin A1 - Doynov, Nikolay A1 - Ossenbrink, Ralf T1 - Residual stress analysis in welded joints by neutron difffraction and comouter modeling T2 - Romanian Journal of Physics N2 - Numerical models for thermo-mechanical simulation of the welding residual stresses in laser beam and multi-pass arc welded joints are developed. The models describe the resulting microstructure as a function of the peak temperature, austenization time, cooling time and take into account the microstructure formed after single or multiple thermal cycles. The results of simulations are validated by neutron diffraction experiments performed on FSD diffractometer at the IBR-2 pulsed reactor in FLNP JINR (Dubna, Russia). The elaborated numerical models are in good agreement with obtained neutron diffraction data, which enable to study the influence of different conditions and process parameters on the distribution of residual welding stresses. KW - residual stress KW - neutron diffraction KW - computer modeling KW - welding Y1 - 2018 SN - 1221-146X VL - Vol. 63 IS - 7-8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dahash, Abdulrahman A1 - Mieck, Sebastian A1 - Ochs, Fabian A1 - Krautz, Hans Joachim T1 - A comparative study of two simulation tools for the technical feasibility in terms of modeling district heating systems: An optimization case study T2 - Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory N2 - District heating dynamic models arise as an alternative approach to in-situ experimental investigations. The main advantage of dynamic modeling and simulation is the possibility to avoid technical and operational risks that might occur during in-situ experimental investigations (e.g. heat demand is not met, damages in the energy systems etc.). Within this study, the authors present two models for an existing district heating system in Cottbus, Germany. One model is developed using the tool EBSILON Professional, while the other one is developed using the Simscape toolbox for physical modeling in Matlab/Simulink. The models were experimentally validated against measured data from the considered district heating system. The results show that the Simscape model has a better fit and better response than the EBSILON model. Yet, some discrepancies were found between the measured and the simulated data and, therefore, the uncertainties of the models were addressed. A comparative study between both tools is presented. The EBSILON models permit only unidirectional flow, whereas the Simscape toolbox permits reverse flow. Nevertheless, the EBSILON model outperforms the Simscape model in computation time. In addition, this study presents an approach for dynamic thermo-hydraulic modeling of district heating networks. This approach is utilized to examine the role of district heating networks as heat storage as an optimization configuration. The numerical results show less start-ups for additional heat sources. Yet, higher heat losses from the network are observed due to the installation of unburied pipelines. KW - Dynamic thermo-hydraulic modeling and simulation KW - Simscape KW - EBSILON Professional KW - District heating systems KW - Heating network as heat storage Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.simpat.2018.11.008 SN - 1569-190X VL - 91 SP - 48 EP - 68 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Wei A1 - Evdokimov, Anton A1 - Schleuß, Leander A1 - Ossenbrink, Ralf A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Laser beam build-up welding of AlSi12-powder on AlSi1MgMn-alloy substrate T2 - Progress in Additive Manufacturing N2 - In the present work, laser beam build-up welding of AlSi12 alloy powder on AlSi1MgMn-alloy (EN AW-6082) substrate has been studied to determine the laser deposition strategy for fabrication of 3-D structure. First, the influence of laser power, scanning speed and powder feeding rate on the output parameters, such as clad geometry, dilution ratio, powder efficiency and porosity were analysed for deposition of a single track. Mathematical relationships were then established and the optimal parameters were identified by the desirability approach. Second, these optimal process parameters are furthermore adjusted to fabricate rectangular, cylindrical and complex combination volumes; different layer deposition strategies are used and evaluated. Finally, by using an adapted deposition strategy, one prototype consisted of different complexly shaped elements on one curved Al-alloy substrate without welding fusion defects was manufactured. The average tensile strength of deposited samples with four different layer deposition directions (vertical 0°/90°; horizontal 0°/90°; horizontal 0° and horizontal 90°) was measured, respectively, which are comparable strengths or higher than those of cast samples. The microstructure of the laser-deposited material is investigated using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy as well as microcomputed tomography. Microstructure and hardness of deposited multilayers exhibit inhomogeneous distributions, which vary with the deposit location KW - Laser beam build-up welding KW - Laser metal deposition KW - AlSi12 KW - Additive manufacturing KW - Build-up strategy Y1 - 2019 UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s40964-018-0065-z SN - 2363-9512 VL - 4 IS - 2 SP - 117 EP - 129 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Beirow, Bernd A1 - Kühhorn, Arnold A1 - Figaschewsky, Felix A1 - Hönisch, Peter A1 - Giersch, Thomas A1 - Schrape, Sven T1 - Model update and validation of a mistuned high-pressure compressor blisk T2 - The Aeronautical Journal N2 - In order to prepare an advanced 4-stage high-pressure compressor rig test campaign, details regarding both accomplishment and analysis of preliminary experiments are provided in this paper. The superior objective of the research project is to contribute to a reliable but simultaneously less conservative design of future high pressure blade integrated disks (blisk). It is planned to achieve trend-setting advances based on a close combination of both numerical and experimental analyses. The analyses are focused on the second rotor of this research compressor, which is the only one being manufactured as blisk. The comprehensive test program is addressing both surge and forced response analyses e.g. caused by low engine order excitation. Among others the interaction of aeroelastics and blade mistuning is demanding attention in this regard. That is why structural models are needed, allowing for an accurate forced response prediction close to reality. Furthermore, these models are required to support the assessment of blade tip timing (BTT) data gathered in the rig tests and strain gauge (s/g) data as well. To gain the maximum information regarding the correlation between BTT data, s/g-data and pressure gauge data, every blade of the second stage rotor (28 blades) is applied with s/g. However, it is well known that s/g on blades can contribute additional mistuning that had to be considered upon updating structural models. Due to the relevance of mistuning, efforts are made for its accurate experimental determination. Blade-by-blade impact tests according to a patented approach are used for this purpose. From the research point of view, it is most interesting to determine both the effect s/g-instrumentation and assembling the compressor stages on blade frequency mistuning. That is why experimental mistuning tests carried out immediately after manufacturing the blisk are repeated twice, namely, after s/g instrumentation and after assembling. To complete the pre-test program, the pure mechanical damping and modal damping ratios dependent on the ambient pressure are experimentally determined inside a pressure vessel. Subsequently the mistuning data gained before is used for updating subset of nominal system mode (SNM) models. Aerodynamic influence coefficients (AICs) are implemented to take aeroelastic interaction into account for forced response analyses. Within a comparison of different models, it is shown for the fundamental flap mode (1F) that the s/g instrumentation significantly affects the forced response, whereas the impact of assembling the compressor plays a minor role. KW - Blisk KW - Mistuning KW - Aerodynamic damping Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/aer.2018.149 SN - 2059-6464 SN - 0001-9240 VL - 123 IS - 1260 SP - 230 EP - 247 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berger, Wolfram A1 - Kreutzer, Fabian T1 - The labour market effects of offshoring of small and medium-sized firms: micro-level evidence for Germany T2 - Applied Economics N2 - Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are the economic powerhouse of many OECD countries (perhaps most prominently so in Germany). Yet, the labour market dynamics caused by the internationalization of their production activities are largely unexplored. We use surveybased micro-level data for Germany to explore the employment effects of offshoring of SMEs, relying on propensity score matching and difference-in-difference analysis. We find evidence for a downsizing effect in the immediate aftermath of offshoring whereas, initially, job creation is not spurred. In the medium run, we find evidence for a slowing down of employment dynamics of offshoring firms (that tend to belong to the better performing SMEs in Germany) relative to nonoffshoring firms. Even though our results do not point to a net employment loss in the medium run, our evidence suggests that offshoring may lead to less jobs being created. This conclusion cannot be confirmed for large companies. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2017.1420900 SN - 0003-6846 SN - 1466-4283 VL - 50 IS - 32 SP - 3416 EP - 3431 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Optimal Control of Quasistatic Plasticity with Linear Kinematic Hardening II: Regularization and Differentiability T2 - Zeitschrift für Analysis und ihre Anwendungen (ZAA) N2 - We consider an optimal control problem governed by an evolution variational inequality arising in quasistatic plasticity with linear kinematic hardening. A regularization of the time-discrete problem is derived. The regularized forward problem can be interpreted as system of coupled quasilinear PDEs whose principal parts depend on the gradient of the state. We show the Fréchet differentiability of the solution map of this quasilinear system. As a consequence, we obtain a first order necessary optimality system. Moreover, we address certain convergence properties of the regularization. KW - Complementarity condition KW - quasistatic plasticity KW - time-dependent variational inequality KW - mathematical program with complementarity constraints KW - evolution variational inequality KW - rate-independent Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4171/ZAA/1546 SN - 0232-2064 SN - 1661-4534 VL - 34 IS - 4 SP - 391 EP - 418 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Mathematical Programs with Complementarity Constraints in Banach Spaces T2 - Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications (JOTA) N2 - We consider optimization problems in Banach spaces involving a complementarity constraint, defined by a convex cone K. By transferring the local decomposition approach, we define strong stationarity conditions and provide a constraint qualification, under which these conditions are necessary for optimality. To apply this technique, we provide a new uniqueness result for Lagrange multipliers in Banach spaces. In the case that the cone K is polyhedral, we show that our strong stationarity conditions possess a reasonable strength. Finally, we generalize to the case where K is not a cone and apply the theory to two examples. KW - Strong stationarity KW - Mathematical program with complementarity constraints KW - Polyhedricity KW - Optimality conditions Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10957-014-0695-3 SN - 0022-3239 SN - 1573-2878 VL - 166 IS - 2 SP - 480 EP - 507 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Boch, Steffen A1 - Allan, Eric A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Bossdorf, Oliver A1 - Blüthgen, Nico A1 - Christ-Breulmann, Sabina A1 - Diekötter, Tim A1 - Dormann, Carsten F. A1 - Gossner, Martin M. A1 - Hallmann, Christine A1 - Hemp, Andreas A1 - Hölzel, Norbert A1 - Jung, Kirsten A1 - Klaus, Valentin H. A1 - Klein, Alexandra M. A1 - Kleinebecker, Till A1 - Lange, Markus A1 - Müller, Jörg A1 - Nacke, Heiko A1 - Prati, Daniel A1 - Renner, Swen C. A1 - Rothenwöhrer, Christoph A1 - Schall, Peter A1 - Schulze, Ernst-Detlef A1 - Socher, Stephanie A. A1 - Tscharntke, Teja A1 - Türke, Manfred A1 - Weiner, Christiane N. A1 - Weisser, Wolfgang W. A1 - Westphal, Catrin A1 - Wolters, Volkmar A1 - Wubet, Tesfaye A1 - Fischer, Markus T1 - Extensive und jährlich wechselnde Nutzungsintensität fördert den Artenreichtum im Grünland T2 - ANLIEGEN NATUR Y1 - 2016 UR - https://www.biom.uni-freiburg.de/mitarbeiter/dormann/boch2016anliegennatur.pdf SN - 1864-0729 VL - 38 IS - 1 SP - 86 EP - 95 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hübel, Hartwig A1 - Vollrath, Bastian T1 - Simplified determination of accumulated strains to satisfy design code requirements T2 - International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping N2 - In case of cyclic loading, strain may accumulate due to a ratcheting mechanism until the state of shakedown is possibly achieved. Design Codes frequently require strain limits to be satisfied at the end of the specified lifetime of the structure. In addition, the strain range is required for performing fatigue analyses in case of plastic shakedown. However, little guidance is usually provided by Design Codes on how the accumulated strains and strain ranges are to be calculated, and some of the guidelines implemented in Design Codes are not well founded and may therefore be misleading. This is, for example, true for the ASME B&PV Code, Section III. Of course, strains and strain ranges can be determined by means of incremental elastic-plastic analyses, which require to go step-by-step through many cycles of a given load histogram until the state of shakedown is reached. This is rather costly in terms of engineering time and numerical effort. As an alternative, simplified methods can be adopted, e.g. the Simplified Theory of Plastic Zones (STPZ) as used in the present paper. Being a direct method, effects from load history are disregarded. The theory is described shortly and illustrated by some examples. It is shown that the Simplified Theory of Plastic Zones is well suited to provide reasonable estimates of strains accumulated in the state of elastic and plastic shakedown at the cost of few linear elastic analyses. KW - Simplified elastic-plastic analysis KW - Simplified theory of plastic zones (STPZ) KW - Zarka's method KW - Shakedown KW - Ratcheting KW - Cyclic loading KW - Accumulated strains KW - Strain range KW - Residual stress Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308016118304617 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpvp.2019.01.014 SN - 0308-0161 VL - 171 SP - 92 EP - 103 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herzog, Roland A1 - Obermeier, Johannes A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Annular and sectorial sparsity in optimal control of elliptic equations T2 - Computational Optimization and Applications (COAP) N2 - Optimal control problems are considered with linear elliptic equations in polar coordinates. The objective contains L¹-type norms, which promote sparse optimal controls. The particular iterated structure of these norms gives rise to either annular or sectorial sparsity patterns. Optimality conditions and numerical solution approaches are developed. KW - Directional sparsity KW - Polar coordinates KW - Coordinate transformation Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10589-014-9721-5 SN - 0926-6003 SN - 1573-2894 VL - 62 IS - 1 SP - 157 EP - 180 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Glawe, Christoph A1 - Medina Méndez, Juan Ali A1 - Schmidt, Heiko T1 - IMEX based Multi-Scale Time Advancement in ODTLES, T2 - Zeitschrift für angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik KW - ODTLES Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/zamm.201800098 SN - 1521-4001 VL - 98 IS - 11 SP - 1907 EP - 1923 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lignell, David O. A1 - Lansinger, Victoria B. A1 - Medina Méndez, Juan Ali A1 - Klein, Marten A1 - Kerstein, Alan R. A1 - Schmidt, Heiko A1 - Fistler, Marco A1 - Oevermann, Michael T1 - One-dimensional turbulence modeling for cylindrical and spherical flows: model formulation and application T2 - Theoretical and Computational Fluid Dynamics N2 - The one-dimensional turbulence (ODT) model resolves a full range of time and length scales and is computationally efficient. ODT has been applied to a wide range of complex multi-scale flows, such as turbulent combustion. Previous ODT comparisons to experimental data have focused mainly on planar flows. Applications to cylindrical flows, such as round jets, have been based on rough analogies, e.g., by exploiting the fortuitous consistency of the similarity scalings of temporally developing planar jets and spatially developing round jets. To obtain a more systematic treatment, a new formulation of the ODT model in cylindrical and spherical coordinates is presented here. The model is written in terms of a geometric factor so that planar, cylindrical, and spherical configurations are represented in the same way. Temporal and spatial versions of the model are presented. A Lagrangian finite-volume implementation is used with a dynamically adaptive mesh. The adaptive mesh facilitates the implementation of cylindrical and spherical versions of the triplet map, which is used to model turbulent advection (eddy events) in the one-dimensional flow coordinate. In cylindrical and spherical coordinates, geometric stretching of the three triplet map images occurs due to the radial dependence of volume, with the stretching being strongest near the centerline. Two triplet map variants, TMA and TMB, are presented. In TMA, the three map images have the same volume, but different radial segment lengths. In TMB, the three map images have the same radial segment lengths, but different segment volumes. Cylindrical results are presented for temporal pipe flow, a spatial nonreacting jet, and a spatial nonreacting jet flame. These results compare very well to direct numerical simulation for the pipe flow, and to experimental data for the jets. The nonreacting jet treatment overpredicts velocity fluctuations near the centerline, due to the geometric stretching of the triplet maps and its effect on the eddy event rate distribution. TMB performs better than TMA. A hybrid planar-TMB (PTMB) approach is also presented, which further improves the results. TMA, TMB, and PTMB are nearly identical in the pipe flow where the key dynamics occur near the wall away from the centerline. The jet flame illustrates effects of variable density and viscosity, including dilatational effects. KW - Cylindrical ODT Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00162-018-0465-1 SN - 0935-4964 SN - 1432-2250 VL - 32 IS - 4 SP - 495 EP - 520 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Starick, Tommy A1 - Medina Méndez, Juan Ali A1 - Schmidt, Heiko T1 - One-Dimensional Turbulence simulations for reactive flows in open and closed systems T2 - Technische Mechanik Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.24352/UB.OVGU-2019-015 VL - 39 IS - 1 SP - 162 EP - 174 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Medina Méndez, Juan Ali A1 - Schmidt, Heiko T1 - One‐dimensional turbulence investigation of incompressible and low Mach number variable density pipe‐flow T2 - Proceedings in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics : PAMM KW - ODT KW - pipe flow Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.201800090 SN - 1617-7061 VL - 18 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liu, Fei A1 - Heiner, Monika A1 - Gilbert, David T1 - Fuzzy Petri nets for modelling of uncertain biological systems T2 - Briefings in Bioinformatics Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/bib/bby118 SN - 1477-4054 SN - 1467-5463 VL - 2018 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rakhi, Rakhi A1 - Schmidt, Heiko T1 - Investigating incompressible temporally developing turbulent boundary layers using One‐Dimensional Turbulence T2 - Proceedings in applied mathematics and mechanics KW - ODT, boundary layer Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.201800214 SN - 1617-7061 VL - 18 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klein, Marten A1 - Schmidt, Heiko T1 - Investigating the Reynolds number dependency of the scalar transfer to a wall using a stochastic turbulence model T2 - Proceedings in applied mathematics and mechanics : PAMM Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.201800238 SN - 1617-7061 VL - 18 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sá da Costa, Pedro P. A1 - Schmidt, Heiko T1 - Towards a hybrid turbulent mixing model based on hierarchical parcel-swapping and one-dimensional turbulence T2 - Proceedings in applied mathematics and mechanics Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.201800231 SN - 1617-7061 VL - 18 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wachs, Sebastian A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Niproschke, Saskia A1 - Schubarth, Wilfried T1 - Bullying Intervention in Schools: A Multilevel Analysis of Teachers’ Success in Handling Bullying From the Students’ Perspective T2 - Journal of Early Adolescence N2 - To date, little has been known about teachers’ success in bullying interventions. Thus, the present study analyzes how successfully teachers intervene in real bullying situations, based on an analysis of 1,996 reports by German students aged between 12 and 15 (49.2% female) from 24 schools. Predictors of success included intervention strategy (authoritarian-punitive, supportive-individual, supportive-cooperative intervention), bullying form (physical, verbal, relational, cyber), and the student’s bullying role (bully, victim, bystander) in the particular situation. Multilevel analyses showed that supportive-cooperative intervention strategies were the most successful in dealing with bullying in both the short and long term. In the long term, students evaluated teachers as being more successful in dealing with cyberbullying compared with physical bullying. Compared with students who observed bullying, students who perpetrated it were less likely to report that teachers’ interventions were successful in the short term. Implications for bullying intervention, preservice teacher-training, and future research are discussed. KW - intervention success KW - bullying KW - teacher KW - intervention strategies KW - bullies Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/0272431618780423 SN - 0272-4316 VL - 29 IS - 5 SP - 642 EP - 668 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Borcia, Rodica A1 - Borcia, Ion-Dan A1 - Bestehorn, Michael A1 - Varlamova, Olga A1 - Hoefner, Kevin A1 - Reif, Jürgen T1 - Drop Behavior Influenced by the Correlation Length on Noisy Surfaces T2 - Langmuir Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b03878 VL - 35 SP - 928 EP - 934 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Varlamova, Olga A1 - Hoefner, Kevin A1 - Ratzke, Markus A1 - Reif, Jürgen A1 - Sarker, Debasish T1 - Modification of surface properties of solids by femtosecond LIPSS writing: comparative studies on silicon and stainless steel T2 - Applied Physics A Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-017-1362-y SN - 0947-8396 SN - 1432-0630 VL - 123 IS - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Czajkowski, Klaus A1 - Ratzke, Markus A1 - Varlamova, Olga A1 - Reif, Jürgen T1 - Femtosecond-laser-induced periodic surface structures on magnetic layer targets: The roles of femtosecond-laser interaction and of magnetization T2 - Applied Surface Science Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.03.148 SN - 0169-4332 VL - 417 SP - 84 EP - 87 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krüger, Florian A1 - Gergs, Tobias A1 - Trieschmann, Jan T1 - Machine learning plasma-surface interface for coupling sputtering and gas-phase transport simulations T2 - Plasma Sources Science and Technology Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6595/ab0246 SN - 1361-6595 SN - 0963-0252 VL - 28 IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ledecky, Lukas A1 - Ciupack, Yvonne A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Fischer, Vitali A1 - Stammen, Elisabeth A1 - Dilger, Klaus T1 - Lebensdauer von zyklisch beanspruchten Klebverbindungen im Stahlbau -Teil 1: Einflüsse auf das Tragverhalten T2 - Bauingenieur Y1 - 2019 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 94 IS - 1 SP - 29 EP - 35 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ciupack, Yvonne A1 - Ledecky, Lukas A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Fischer, Vitali A1 - Stammen, Elisabeth A1 - Dilger, Klaus T1 - Lebensdauer von zyklischen beanspruchten Klebverbindungen im Stahlbau - Teil 2: Untersuchungen zur Betriebsfestigkeitsprüfung einer Klebverbindung T2 - Bauingenieur Y1 - 2019 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 94 IS - 2 SP - 56 EP - 62 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herzberg, Heidrun T1 - "Wider benefits of learning" im Kontext zivilgesellschaftlichen Handelns: Eine Untersuchung individueller und kollektiver Lernprozesse. T2 - Neue Praxis. Zeitschrift für Sozialarbeit, Sozialpädagogik und Sozialpolitik Y1 - 2006 SN - 0342-9857 VL - 6 SP - 595 EP - 608 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herzberg, Heidrun T1 - Learning Habitus and the Dynamics of Lifelong Learning. T2 - Studies in the Education of Adults Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/02660830.2006.11661523 SN - 0266-0830 VL - 38 IS - 1 SP - 37 EP - 47 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herzberg, Heidrun T1 - Lernhabitus als Grundlage lebenslanger Lernprozesse T2 - Zeitschrift für qualitative Bildungs-, Beratungs- und Sozialforschung (ZBBS) Y1 - 2005 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-279151 SN - 1438-8324 VL - 1 SP - 11 EP - 22 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herzberg, Heidrun T1 - Lernhabitus und Milieu als zentrale Dimensionen bei der Untersuchung lebenslanger Lernprozesse. T2 - Report. Literatur- und Forschungsreport Weiterbildung Y1 - 2004 UR - http://www.die-bonn.de/doks/herzberg0401.pdf SN - 0177-4166 VL - 1 SP - 38 EP - 44 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Figaschewsky, Felix A1 - Kühhorn, Arnold A1 - Beirow, Bernd A1 - Giersch, Thomas A1 - Schrape, Sven T1 - Analysis of mistuned forced response in an axial high-pressure compressor rig with focus on Tyler–Sofrin modes T2 - The Aeronautical Journal N2 - This paper aims at contributing to a better understanding of the effect of Tyler–Sofrin Modes (TSMs) on forced vibration responses by analysing a 4.5-stage research axial compressor rig. The first part starts with a brief review of the involved physical mechanisms and necessary prerequisites for the generation of TSMs in multistage engines. This review is supported by unsteady CFD simulations of a quasi 2D section of the studied engine. It is shown that the amplitude increasing effect due to mistuning can be further amplified by the presence of TSMs. Furthermore, the sensitivity with respect to the structural coupling of the blades and the damping as well as the shape of the expected envelope is analysed. The second part deals with the Rotor 2 blisk of the research compressor rig. The resonance of a higher blade mode with the engine order of the upstream stator is studied in two different flow conditions realised by different variable stator vane (VSV) schedules which allows to separate the influence of TSMs from the impact of mistuning. A subset of nominal system modes representation of the rotor is used to describe its mistuned vibration behaviour, and unsteady CFD simulations are used to characterise the present strength of the TSMs in the particular operating conditions. Measured maximum amplitude vs blade pattern and frequency response functions are compared against the predictions of the aeromechanical models in order to assess the strength of the TSMs as well as its influence on vibration levels. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/aer.2018.163 SN - 2059-6464 IS - 123 SP - 356 EP - 377 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kutzner, Tobias A1 - Travieso-González, Carlos M. A1 - Bönninger, Ingrid A1 - Pazmiño-Zapatier, Carlos F. A1 - Plath, Wolf-Dietrich A1 - Gebhard, Matthias T1 - Writer Identification Using Handwritten Cursive Texts and Single Character Words T2 - Electronics N2 - One of the biometric methods in authentication systems is the writer verification/identification using password handwriting. The main objective of this paper is to present a robust writer verification system by using cursive texts as well as block letter words. To evaluate the system, two datasets have been used. One of them is called Secure Password DB 150, which is composed of 150 users with 18 samples of single character words per user. Another dataset is public and called IAM online handwriting database, and it is composed of 220 users of cursive text samples. Each sample has been defined by a set of features, composed of 67 geometrical, statistical, and temporal features. In order to get more discriminative information, two feature reduction methods have been applied, Fisher Score and Info Gain Attribute Evaluation. Finally, the classification system has been implemented by hold-out cross validation and k-folds cross validation strategies for three different classifiers, K-NN, Naïve Bayes and Bayes Net classifiers. Besides, it has been applied for verification and identification approaches. The best results of 95.38% correct classification are achieved by using the k-nearest neighbor classifier for single character DB. A feature reduction by Info Gain Attribute Evaluation improves the results for Naïve Bayes Classifier to 98.34% for IAM online handwriting DB. It is concluded that the set of features and its reduction are a strong selection for the based-password handwritten writer identification in comparison with the state-of-the-art. KW - handwriting KW - password identification KW - online strokes KW - writer verification KW - reduction feature KW - on-line handwriting features Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/8/4/391/pdf U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics8040391 SN - 2079-9292 VL - 8 IS - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ripperger, Simon A1 - Günther, Linus A1 - Wieser, Hanna A1 - Duda, Niklas A1 - Hierold, Martin A1 - Cassens, Björn A1 - Kapitza, Rüdiger A1 - Kölpin, Alexander A1 - Mayer, Frieder T1 - Proximity sensors on common noctule bats reveal evidence that mothers guide juveniles to roosts but not food T2 - Biology Letters der Royal Society Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2018.0884 SN - 1744-9561 VL - 15 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Merino-Martinez, Roberto A1 - Sijtsma, Pieter A1 - Snellen, Mirjam A1 - Ahlefeldt, Thomas A1 - Antoni, Jerome A1 - Bahr, Christopher A1 - Blacodon, Daniel A1 - Ernst, Daniel A1 - Finez, Arthur A1 - Funke, Stefan A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Haxter, Stefan A1 - Herold, Gert A1 - Huang, Xun A1 - Humphreys, William A1 - Leclère, Quentin A1 - Malgoezar, Anwar A1 - Michel, Ulf A1 - Padois, Thomas A1 - Pereira, Antonio A1 - Picard, Christophe A1 - Sarradj, Ennes A1 - Siller, Henri A1 - Simons, Dick A1 - Spehr, Carsten T1 - A review of acoustic imaging methods using phased microphone arrays T2 - CEAS Aeronautical Journal N2 - Phased microphone arrays have become a well-established tool for performing aeroacoustic measurements in wind tunnels (both open-jet and closed-section), flying aircraft, and engine test beds. This paper provides a review of the most well-known and state-of-the-art acoustic imaging methods and recommendations on when to use them. Several exemplary results showing the performance of most methods in aeroacoustic applications are included. This manuscript provides a general introduction to aeroacoustic measurements for non-experienced microphone-array users as well as a broad overview for general aeroacoustic experts. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s13272-019-00383-4 SN - 1869-5582 SN - 1869-5590 VL - 10 IS - 1 SP - 197 EP - 230 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Thomas A1 - Ahrens, Christian A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo A1 - Jaye, Cherno A1 - Fischer, Daniel A. A1 - Falta, Jens T1 - Growth of Epitaxial 3,4,9,10-Perylene Tetracarboxylic Dianhydride on Bi-Terminated Silicon T2 - Journal of Physical Chemistry C N2 - The epitaxial quality of thin films crucially depends on their interaction with the substrate. Up to now, Ag-terminated Si(111) has been employed as the model substrate for the growth of 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) on semiconductors. In this study, we will show that Bi termination results in PTCDA films of superior epitaxial quality. We have studied the growth of PTCDA on bismuth-passivated Si(111) in detail by means of spot profile analysis of low-energy electron diffraction (SPA-LEED), X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS), near-edge X-ray absorptionfine structure (NEXAFS), and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). The XPS results reveal the presence of intact PTCDA molecules on the surface upon adsorption. NEXAFS data indicate the PTCDA molecules being oriented with their molecular plane parallel to the surface. STM shows a very smooth growth front of the PTCDA film, preserving the step structure of the substrate. High-resolution SPA-LEED data demonstrate the presence of a multidomain surface with a rich variety of PTCDA surface structures, which were identified to be most prominently herring-bone polytypes. However, in the monolayer range, quadratic brick-wall structures and a nearly square-like structure as well as a perylene-like structure have also been found. Despite the simultaneous presence of multiple domains, the individual domains show excellent lateral ordering, with larger domain sizes as compared to the case of Ag-terminated Si(111). KW - dianhydride KW - Bi-terminated silicon KW - spot profile analysis of low-energy electron diffraction (SPA-LEED) KW - X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) KW - near-edge X-ray absorptionfine structure (NEXAFS) KW - scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b10396 SN - 1932-7447 SN - 1932-7455 VL - 123 IS - 12 SP - 7097 EP - 7109 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fragner, Moritz M. A1 - Schmidt, Heiko T1 - Investigating Asymptotic Suction Boundary Layers using a One-Dimensional Stochastic Turbulence Model T2 - Proceedings in applied mathematics and mechanics : PAMM Y1 - 2017 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/pamm.201710288 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.201710288 SN - 1617-7061 VL - 17 IS - 1 SP - 637 EP - 638 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reder, Maren A1 - Berens, Eva-Maria A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Kolip, Petra T1 - Development of the Informed Choice in Mammography Screening Questionnaire (IMQ): factor structure, reliability, and validity T2 - BMC Psychology N2 - Background: Informed choice is of ethical and practical importance in mammography screening. To assess the level to which decisions regarding such screening are informed is thus imperative, but no specific instrument has been available to measure informed choice in the German mammography screening programme. The aims of this study were to develop the Informed Choice in Mammography Screening Questionnaire (IMQ) and to find first evidence for the factor structure, reliability and validity of its different components. Methods: The IMQ was sent to 17.349 women aged 50 in Westphalia-Lippe, Germany. The instrument has been developed after consideration of (1) the results of qualitative interviews on decision making in the mammography screening programme, (2) relevant literature on other informed choice instruments and (3) a qualitative study on influencing factors. The IMQ comprises 3 scales (attitude, norms, and barriers), 1 index (knowledge) and singular items covering intention to participate and sociodemographic variables. To assess the psychometric properties of the components of the IMQ, confirmatory factor and item response theory analyses were conducted. Additionally, reliability, validity and item statistics were assessed. Results: 5.847 questionnaires were returned (response rate 33.7%). For attitude, the confirmatory factor analysis supported a one-factor structure. For norms, the model fit was not acceptable. Reliability levels were good with a Cronbach‘s α of.793 for attitude (4 items) and.795 for norms (5 items). For barriers, 9 items were deleted because of low discrimination indices; 6 items remained. The hypothesised assumption-subscale and the importance-subscale were confirmed, but these subscales showed poor reliabilities with Cronbach‘s α=.525 (4 items) and.583 (2 items). For the knowledge index, item response theory analysis showed that 6 out of 7 items were suitable. Hypotheses concerning the correlations between the different components were confirmed, which supported their convergent and divergent validity. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated that the IMQ is a multidimensional instrument. Further development of the barriers and norms scales is necessary. The IMQ can be utilised to assess the level of informed choices as well as influencing factors. KW - Mammography screening KW - Informed choice KW - Confirmatory factor analysis KW - Reliability KW - Validity Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-019-0291-2 SN - 2050-7283 VL - 7 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hübel, Hartwig A1 - Vollrath, Bastian T1 - Limited Versus Unlimited Strain Accumulation Due to Ratcheting Mechanisms T2 - Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology N2 - After distinguishing material ratcheting and structural ratcheting, different phenomena related to structural ratcheting are gathered. Ratcheting of elastic–plastic structures observed with stationary position of loads is distinguished from ratcheting with moving loads. Both categories are illustrated by examples. The effect of evolution laws for the internal variables describing kinematic hardening on the accumulation of strain due to a ratcheting mechanism, and whether the ratcheting mechanism ceases with the number of cycles so that the accumulated strains are limited, is discussed. Some conditions are shown, under which the Chaboche model can lead to shakedown. Scenarios where shakedown is guaranteed at every load level, or where it may or may not occur at a specific load level, or where it definitely cannot occur at any load level, are distinguished. Correspondingly, the usefulness of shakedown analyses, which are searching for maximum load factors assuring shakedown, or direct (or simplified) methods to obtain postshakedown quantities by avoiding incremental cyclic analyses is discussed. KW - Ratcheting KW - moving loads KW - cyclic loads KW - strain accumulation KW - hardening Y1 - 2019 UR - http://pressurevesseltech.asmedigitalcollection.asme.org/article.aspx?articleid=2725462 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4042853 VL - 141 IS - 3 SP - 031206-1 EP - 031206-10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ivanov, Sergey Y. A1 - Karkhin, Victor A. A1 - Michailov, Vesselin A1 - Martikainen, J. A1 - Hiltunen, E. T1 - Assessment of the Sensitivity of Welded Joints of Al –Mg – Si Alloys to Liquation Cracks Under Laser Welding T2 - Metal Science and Heat Treatment N2 - The microstructure and the distribution of chemical elements in laser-welded joints of Al – Mg – Si alloy 6005-T6 are studied. Segregations of chemical elements are detected over grain boundaries in the heat-affected zones of the welded joints. The joints fracture by the intergrain mechanism. A Gleeble 3800 device is used to determine the temperature dependences of the mechanical properties of the alloy with allowance for the special features of the welding cycle. Amethod for evaluating the sensitivity of welded joints of aluminum alloys to formation of liquation cracks with allowance for the local properties of the metal, the welding conditions, and the rigidity of the construction is suggested. KW - laser welding KW - Al – Mg – Si alloy KW - microstructure KW - microscopic chemical analysis KW - liquation cracks KW - stress-strain state Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11041-018-0225-2 SN - 0026-0673 VL - Vol. 59 IS - 11-12 SP - 773 EP - 778 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bobrynina, E. V. A1 - Larionova, T. V. A1 - Koltsova, Tatiana S. A1 - Ginzburg, S. A. A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Effect of alumina addition on weld deposits microstructure at the welding of carbon steel T2 - Materials Physics and Mechanics N2 - The formation of acicular ferrite in the structure of weld deposits when welding carbon steels is often associated with the introduction of nonmetallic additives into the electrode material. Fe–alumina composite powders with alumina particles less than 1 µm were used as a filler for cored welding wire and the influence of aluminum oxide additives up to 2,5 wt.% on the structure of the welded seam was studied. It was shown that the addition of aluminum oxide to the welding wire led to the initiation of the formation of intragranular acicular ferrite in the weld deposit and to a more even distribution of hardness through the zones of weld seam. KW - acicular ferrite KW - alumina KW - welding KW - carbon steel Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.18720/MPM.3812018_4 SN - 1605-8119 VL - Vol. 38 IS - 1 SP - 26 EP - 32 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Li, Zheng A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut T1 - Experimental and numerical investigations of statistical size effect in S235JR steel structural elements T2 - Construction and Building Materials N2 - This paper presents the analysis of the statistical size effect in steel structural elements using the stochastic finite element (FE) method. The three-dimensional random field theory is applied to simulate the uncertainty of a nonlinear material. The proposed approach, which combines the discrete random field describing the randomness of the material properties via Monte Carlo simulations, is used for computing the bearing capacity variability of the steel structures. In addition, the mapping interpolation method makes it possible to separate the random field mesh and FE model mesh. The three-dimensional random field for the material properties is established according to the yield strength with a lognormal distribution based on reasonable assumptions, and the corresponding random field parameters are studied. Finally, the results of experimental investigation and simulations are compared based on the tensile and bending tests, and they indicate that the statistical size effect cannot be overlooked in S235JR steel structural elements and that the use of stochastic FE in the analysis of the statistical size effect has tremendous potential. KW - 3D Random field KW - Stochastic finite element method KW - Mapping interpolation method KW - Statistical size effect KW - Steel structural elements Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.02.106 SN - 0950-0618 VL - 206 SP - 665 EP - 673 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klein, Marten A1 - Schmidt, Heiko T1 - Stochastic Modeling of Turbulent Scalar Transport at Very High Schmidt Numbers T2 - Proceedings in applied mathematics and mechanics : PAMM Y1 - 2017 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/pamm.201710289 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.201710289 SN - 1617-7061 VL - 17 IS - 1 SP - 639 EP - 640 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vincze, Miklos A1 - Fenyvesi, Nora A1 - Klein, Marten A1 - Sommeria, Joel A1 - Viboud, Samuel A1 - Ashkenazy, Yossi T1 - Evidence for wind-induced Ekman layer resonance based on rotating tank experiments T2 - EPL : a letters journal exploring the frontiers of physics N2 - The temporal variability of wind stress acting on the ocean surface may have a significant impact on the energy transfer between the surface ocean and the abyssal ocean. In particular, the surface ocean layer is expected to deepen when the wind’s frequency matches the inertial (Coriolis) frequency, through “Ekman layer resonance”. Here, we report on laboratory experiments conducted in the large circular rotating tank of the LEGI Coriolis platform (13 m in diameter and 0.5 m in depth) to investigate the effect of oscillating horizontal shear imposed at the water surface. The analysis of the flow structure by means of particle image velocimetry (PIV) reveals a resonant thickening of the top Ekman layer and a marked increase in the kinetic energy of the flow occurs when the forcing frequency coincides with the Coriolis frequency of the rotating tank. The findings are in agreement with the theoretical expectations and constitute evidence for the existence of the Ekman layer resonance (or near inertial resonance) phenomenon in an ocean-like configuration. KW - Fluid Dynamics KW - Rotating Flows KW - Resonance KW - Boundary Layer Y1 - 2019 UR - https://epljournal.edpsciences.org/articles/epl/abs/2019/04/epl19544/epl19544.html U6 - https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/125/44001 SN - 1286-4854 VL - 125 IS - 4 SP - 1 EP - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Groß, Michael T1 - Mobile shopper typology: a shopping motive-based clustering approach to discovering differences in shopping patterns along the mobile path-to-purchase T2 - International Journal of Mobile Communications N2 - Since m-shopping has gained widespread popularity in society, it has become mainstream in many parts of the world. Consumers not only use mobile devices during their entire path-to-purchase in and around the brick-and-mortar business, but they also increasingly make direct internet purchases with their mobile devices. Consequently, one can expect the shopping behaviour of consumers to be diverse. Therefore, based on a typology approach, this study provides a detailed insight into the different buying routines of m-shoppers. Using a sample of 799 consumers, in a first step this study extracts and verifies three m-shopper clusters: while motivated shoppers and casual shoppers are located at the extremes of the cluster profiles, smart shoppers are somewhere in the middle. Then, in a second step, the empirical findings reveal further significant differences between all three m-shopper types in terms of their individual path-to-purchase, thereby confirming diverse consumption patterns where the m-channel is used. KW - Mobile shopping KW - M-shopping KW - Mobile purchasing KW - Shopping motive KW - Shopper segmentation KW - Consumer typology KW - Path-to-purchase KW - Shopping behaviour KW - Mobile shopper KW - M-shopper KW - Mobile buyer KW - M-buyer KW - Cluster analysis KW - Mobile shopping behaviour Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.inderscienceonline.com/doi/abs/10.1504/IJMC.2019.098596 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1504/IJMC.2019.098596 SN - 1741-5217 SN - 1470-949X VL - 17 IS - 3 SP - 326 EP - 352 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kazula, Stefan A1 - Höschler, Klaus T1 - A systems engineering approach to variable intakes for civil aviation T2 - Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part G, Journal of Aerospace Engineering N2 - A systems engineering approach to develop variable nacelle intakes for aero engines in civil aviation is presented. The goal of this methodical approach is to find solutions to design problems that can be successfully utilised in aviation without further effort during the certification. By using variable intakes, aircraft and aero engine manufacturers can fulfil their customers’ needs for safe, efficient and fast travelling. Therefore, a system shall be installed which is able to modify the nacelle intake contour between two extrema. On the one hand, a sharp thin contour, which produces low drag and allows to fly faster or more efficiently, is optimal during cruise condition. On the other hand, a round thick intake lip is necessary to avoid flow separations with the potential to cause dangerous events during take-off and climb conditions. The utilised systems engineering approach is introduced. The executed steps and methods used for creating and evaluating concept variants for variable intakes are displayed particularly. Those contain the determination and evaluation of requirements and functions as well as the generation and assessment of concepts. Finally, yet importantly, following tasks are presented. KW - adaptive nacelle inlet KW - aero engine nacelle KW - morphing nacelle inlet KW - morphological box KW - safe design approach KW - safe design in civil aviation KW - systems engineering approach KW - variable inlet KW - variable intake Y1 - 2019 UR - https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0954410019836903 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/0954410019836903 SN - 2041-3025 VL - 234(2020) IS - 10 SP - 1721 EP - 1729 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Raab, Alexandra T1 - The temperature regime of a charcoal-enriched land use legacy soil T2 - Soil Science Society of America Journal Y1 - 2019 UR - https://dl.sciencesocieties.org/publications/sssaj/abstracts/83/3/565 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2018.12.0483 SN - 1435-0661 VL - 83 IS - 3 SP - 565 EP - 574 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoffmann, Jan T1 - Europäische Union quo vadis? – Ein Beitrag zur „Debatte über die Zukunft Europas“ T2 - Europäische Zeitschrift für Wirtschafts- und Steuerrecht (EWS) N2 - Die Europäische Union (EU) ist krisengeplagt. Es wird offen von einer „Polykrise“ gesprochen. Eurokrise, Migrationskrise, Integrationskrise (Brexit) und Verfassungskrise (Polen) veranschaulichen dies plakativ. Um die skizzierte „Polykrise“ zu überwinden, wird seit geraumer Zeit über die „Zukunft Europas“ (post Lissabon) sinniert. Die Europäische Kommission hat im Jahr 2017 ein Weißbuch vorgelegt, in dem denkbare Szenarien für eine EU im Jahr 2025 vorgestellt werden. Zwischenzeitlich haben sich zu diesem Fragenkomplex auch Politiker zu Wort gemeldet, allen voran der französische Staatspräsident Macron – in der Sorbonne-Rede vom September 2017 und erneut mit einem „Weckruf“ Anfang März 2019. Er plädiert für nicht mehr und nicht weniger als eine „Neu(be)gründung“ Europas (Initiative pour l'Europe). Andere Regierungschefs sind bei der Beantwortung der Fragestellung „EU – quo vadis?“ deutlich zurückhaltender. Der Beitrag blickt zunächst auf die Geschichte der Europäischen Integration zurück (II.), bevor er eine Anamnese der „Polykrise“ unternimmt, um sodann denkbare Wege aus der Krise heraus darzustellen (IV.). Er endet mit einem Resümee samt Thesen (V.) und möchte einen Beitrag zur „Debatte über die Zukunft Europas“ leisten. KW - EU KW - Polykrise KW - Zukunft Europas KW - Macron KW - Sorbonne Y1 - 2019 SN - 0938-3050 VL - 29 IS - 2 SP - 69 EP - 84 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Brachmann, Erik A1 - Seifert, Marietta A1 - Neumann, Niels A1 - Alshwawreh, Nidal A1 - Uhlemann, Margitta A1 - Menzel, Siegfried A1 - Acker, Jörg A1 - Herold, Steven A1 - Hoffmann, Volker A1 - Gemming, Thomas T1 - Electroless-Deposited Platinum Antennas for Wireless Surface Acoustic Wave Sensors T2 - Materials N2 - In an effort to develop a cost-efficient technology for wireless high-temperature surface acoustic wave sensors, this study presents an evaluation of a combined method that integrates physical vapor deposition with electroless deposition for the fabrication of platinum-based planar antennas. The proposed manufacturing process becomes attractive for narrow, thick, and sparse metallizations for antennas in the MHz to GHz frequency range. In detail, narrow platinum-based lines of a width down to 40 μm were electroless-deposited on γ-Al2O3 substrates using different seed layers. At first, the electrolyte chemistry was optimized to obtain the highest deposition rate. Films with various thickness were prepared and the electrical resistivity, microstructure, and chemical composition in the as-prepared state and after annealing at temperatures up to 1100 ∘C were evaluated. Using these material parameters, the antenna was simulated with an electromagnetic full-wave simulation tool and then fabricated. The electrical parameters, including the S-parameters of the antenna, were measured. The agreement between the simulated and the realized antenna is then discussed. KW - wireless SAW sensor KW - high-temperature KW - antenna KW - electroless deposition KW - platinum film Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/12/7/1002 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12071002 SN - 1996-1944 VL - 12 IS - 7 SP - 1002 EP - 1014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Druzynski von Boetticher, Alexandra T1 - Luckau Underground – Stadtforschung auf Grundlage von Kelleruntersuchungen T2 - Brandenburgische Denkmalpflege. Neue Folge KW - Luckau KW - Kellerkataster KW - Kelleruntersuchungen KW - Stadtforschung KW - Mittelalter Y1 - 2018 SN - 0942-3397 VL - 4 IS - 1 SP - 48 EP - 56 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Thomas T1 - PCA-based Supervised Identification of Biological Soil Crusts in Multispectral Images T2 - MethodsX N2 - It was the aim of the method development to classify types of various biological soil crusts (biocrusts) using principle component analysis (PCA) on multispectral images. To address this aim, visible (RGB) and NIR images of bare sandy soil, algal and moss biocrusts were registered, per channel reflection values were determined using a calibration color chart on a pixel basis, and a PCA was performed on the unfolded RGB-NIR reflectance hypercubes (i.e. three-dimensional hypercubes were transformed into x.y × λ 2D-matrices with λ channels serving as variables for PCA). The classification approach was based on the hypothesis that biocrust types map specifically in PCA ordination plots, meaning that distinct regions in ordination plots may be assigned specifically to individual biocrust types. Reallocation of the pixels assigned to biocrust types to their respective image coordinates would then yield biocrust classification plots. Allows manual selection of features or identification of given features in PCA ordination plots. Fully permits the selection of relevant and omission of irrelevant, as well as identification of unknown classes. It is not restricted to RGB-NIR multispectral data only, but may be applied to any type of multimodal imaging data. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mex.2019.03.013 SN - 2215-0161 VL - 6 SP - 764 EP - 772 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Sarradj, Ennes T1 - Self Noise Reduction and Aerodynamics of Airfoils With Porous Trailing Edges T2 - Acoustics Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/acoustics1020022 SN - 2624-599X VL - 1 IS - 2 SP - 393 EP - 409 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Optimal Control of Quasi-static Plasticity with Linear Kinematic Hardening, Part I: Existence and Discretization in Time T2 - SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization N2 - In this paper we consider an optimal control problem governed by a time-dependent variational inequality arising in quasi-static plasticity with linear kinematic hardening. We address certain continuity properties of the forward operator, which imply the existence of an optimal control. Moreover, a discretization in time is derived and we show that every local minimizer of the continuous problem can be approximated by minimizers of modified, time-discrete problems. KW - complementarity condition KW - quasistatic plasticity KW - time-dependent variational inequality KW - mathematical program with complementarity constraints KW - evolution variational inequality KW - rate-dependent Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1137/110839187 SN - 0363-0129 SN - 1095-7138 VL - 50 IS - 5 SP - 2836 EP - 2861 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Casas, Eduardo A1 - Herzog, Roland A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Approximation of Sparse Controls in Semilinear Equations by Piecewise Linear Functions Numerische Mathematik T2 - Numerische Mathematik N2 - Semilinear elliptic optimal control problems involving the L¹ norm of the control in the objective are considered. A priori finite element error estimates for piecewise linear discretizations for the control and the state are proved. These are obtained by a new technique based on an appropriate discretization of the objective function. Numerical experiments confirm the convergence rates. Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00211-012-0475-7 SN - 0945-3245 SN - 0029-599X VL - 122 IS - 4 SP - 645 EP - 669 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Casas, Eduardo A1 - Herzog, Roland A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Optimality Conditions and Error Analysis of Semilinear Elliptic Control Problems with L¹ Cost Functional T2 - SIAM Journal on Optimization N2 - Semilinear elliptic optimal control problems involving the L¹ norm of the control in the objective are considered. Necessary and sufficient second-order optimality conditions are derived. A priori finite element error estimates for piecewise constant discretizations for the control and piecewise linear discretizations of the state are shown. Error estimates for the variational discretization of the problem in the sense of [M. Hinze, Comput. Optim. Appl., 30 (2005), pp. 45–61] are also obtained. Numerical experiments confirm the convergence rates. KW - optimal control of partial differential equations KW - nondifferentiable objective KW - sparse controls KW - finite element discretization KW - a priori error estimates Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1137/110834366 SN - 1052-6234 SN - 1095-7189 VL - 22 IS - 3 SP - 795 EP - 820 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kelleher, Christa A1 - Ward, Adam Scott A1 - Knapp, Julia L. A. A1 - Blaen, Phillip J. A1 - Kurz, Marie Juliette A1 - Drummond, Jennifer D. A1 - Zarnetske, Jay A1 - Hannah, David M. A1 - Mendoza-Lera, Clara A1 - Schmadel, Noah M. A1 - Datry, Thibault A1 - Lewandowski, Jörg A1 - Krause, Stefan T1 - Exploring Tracer Information and Model Framework Trade‐offs to Improve Estimation of Stream Transient Storage Processes T2 - Water Resources Research KW - transient storage modeling KW - smart tracer Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1029/2018WR023585 SN - 0043-1397 SN - 1944-7973 VL - 55 IS - 4 SP - 3481 EP - 3501 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schiffer, Johannes A1 - Efimov, Denis A1 - Barabanov, Nikita A1 - Ortega, Romeo T1 - A Relaxed Characterization of ISS for Periodic Systems with Multiple Invariant Sets T2 - European Journal of Control N2 - A necessary and sufficient criterion to establish input-to-state stability (ISS) of nonlinear dynamical systems, the dynamics of which are periodic with respect to certain state variables and which possess multiple invariant solutions (equilibria, limit cycles, etc.), is provided. Unlike standard Lyapunov approaches, the condition is relaxed and formulated via a sign-indefinite function with sign-definite derivative, and by taking the system’s periodicity explicitly into account. The new result is established by using the framework of cell structure and it complements the ISS theory of multistable dynamics for periodic systems. The efficiency of the proposed approach is illustrated via the global analysis of a nonlinear pendulum with constant persistent input. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejcon.2017.04.002 SN - 1435-5671 VL - Vol. 37 SP - 1 EP - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schiffer, Johannes A1 - Barabanov, Nikita A1 - Ortega, Romeo A1 - Efimov, Denis T1 - Conditions for Almost Global Attractivity of a Synchronous Generator Connected to an Infinite Bus T2 - Transactions on Automatic Control N2 - Conditions for existence and global attractivity of the equilibria of a realistic model of a synchronous generator with constant field current connected to an infinite bus are derived. First, necessary and sufficient conditions for existence and uniqueness of equilibrium points are provided. Then, sufficient conditions for local asymptotic stability and almost global attractivity of one of these equilibria are given. The analysis is carried out by employing a new Lyapunov-like function to establish convergence of bounded trajectories, while the latter is proven using the powerful theoretical framework of cell structures pioneered by Leonov and Noldus. The efficiency of the derived sufficient conditions is illustrated via extensive numerical experiments based on two benchmark examples taken from the literature. Y1 - 2017 UR - https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7858643 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TAC.2017.2671026 SN - 1558-2523 SN - 0018-9286 VL - 62 IS - 10 SP - 4905 EP - 4916 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schiffer, Johannes A1 - Efimov, Denis A1 - Ortega, Romeo A1 - Barabanov, Nikita T1 - An Input-to-State Stability Approach to Verify Almost Global Stability of a Synchronous-Machine-Infinite-Bus System T2 - Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society. Series A, Mathematical, physical and engineering sciences N2 - Conditions for almost global stability of an operating point of a realistic model of a synchronous generator with constant field current connected to an infinite bus are derived. The analysis is conducted by employing the recently proposed concept of input-to-state stability (ISS)–Leonov functions, which is an extension of the powerful cell structure principle developed by Leonov and Noldus to the ISS framework. Compared with the original ideas of Leonov and Noldus, the ISS–Leonov approach has the advantage of providing additional robustness guarantees. The efficiency of the derived sufficient conditions is illustrated via numerical experiments. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2016.0304 SN - 1364-503X SN - 1471-2962 VL - 375 IS - 2100 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schiffer, Johannes A1 - Dörfler, Florian A1 - Fridman, Emilia T1 - Robustness of Distributed Averaging Control in Power Systems: Time Delays & Dynamic Communication Topology T2 - Automatica N2 - Distributed averaging-based integral (DAI) controllers are becoming increasingly popular in power system applications. The literature has thus far primarily focused on disturbance rejection, steady-state optimality and adaption to complex physical system models without considering uncertainties on the cyber and communication layer nor their effect on robustness and performance. In this paper, we derive sufficient delay-dependent conditions for robust stability of a secondary-frequency-DAI-controlled power system with respect to heterogeneous communication delays, link failures and packet losses. Our analysis takes into account both constant as well as fast-varying delays, and it is based on a common strictly decreasing Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional. The conditions illustrate an inherent trade-off between robustness and performance of DAI controllers. The effectiveness and tightness of our stability certificates are illustrated via a numerical example based on Kundur’s four-machine-two-area test system. Y1 - 2017 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0005109817301140?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.automatica.2017.02.040 SN - 0005-1098 VL - 80 SP - 261 EP - 271 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schiffer, Johannes A1 - Hans, Christian A. A1 - Kral, Thomas A1 - Ortega, Romeo A1 - Raisch, Jörg T1 - Modelling, Analysis and Experimental Validation of Clock Drift Effects in Low-Inertia Power Systems T2 - IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics N2 - Clock drift in digital controllers is of great relevance in many applications. Since almost all real clocks exhibit drifts, this applies in particular to networks composed of several individual units, each of which being operated with its individual clock. In the present paper, we demonstrate via extensive experiments on a microgrid in the megawatt range that clock drifts may impair frequency synchronization in low-inertia power systems. The experiments also show that-in the absence of a common clock-the standard model of an inverter as an ideal voltage source does not capture this phenomenon. As a consequence, we derive a suitably modified model of an inverter-interfaced unit that incorporates the phenomenon of clock drifts. By using the derived model, we investigate the effects of clock drifts on the performance of droop-controlled grid-forming inverters with regard to frequency synchronization and active power sharing. The modeling and analysis is validated via extensive experiments on a microgrid in the megawatt range. Y1 - 2017 UR - https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7781662 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TIE.2016.2638805 SN - 1557-9948 SN - 0278-0046 VL - 64 IS - 7 SP - 5942 EP - 5951 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Richter, Sebastian A1 - Bestehorn, Michael T1 - Direct numerical simulations of liquid films in two dimensions under horizontal and vertical external vibrations T2 - Physical Review Fluids N2 - We consider Newtonian liquid films on a horizontal substrate with a free and deformable surface. The substrate is subjected to oscillatory accelerations in the normal or in the horizontal direction. An algorithm based on a nonlinear coordinate transformation is presented that allows for direct numerical solutions of the fully nonlinear Navier-Stokes equations and appropriate boundary conditions. No surface tracking is necessary. Normal oscillations generate the traditional subharmonic and harmonic Faraday patterns. Lateral oscillations cause a pattern formation scenario qualitatively similar to spinodal dewetting, namely the disintegration of the film into isolated drops followed by coarsening or fusion, the stabilization of a “precursor” film, and no rupture. Ratchet-like lateral excitations break the horizontal mirror symmetry x→−x and give the patterns a preferred direction. We show that drops formed due to instability of the flat film start to travel in a distinguished direction. For thin films, the results are in good agreement to those of a recently studied lubrication-based dimension-reduced model [Bestehorn et al., Phys. Rev. E 88, 023025 (2013); Bestehorn, Phys. Fluids 25, 114106 (2013)]. KW - Flow instability KW - Interfacial Flows KW - Naviar-Stokes equation KW - Nonlinear Dynamics KW - Fluid Dynamics Y1 - 2019 UR - https://journals.aps.org/prfluids/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.4.044004 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.4.044004 SN - 2469-990X VL - 4 IS - 4 SP - 044004-1 EP - 044004-21 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klein, Marten A1 - Zenker, Christian A1 - Schmidt, Heiko T1 - Small-scale resolving simulations of the turbulent mixing in confined planar jets using one-dimensional turbulence T2 - Chemical Engineering Science Y1 - 2019 SN - 0009-2509 VL - 204 SP - 186 EP - 202 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Roy, Krittish A1 - Ghosh, Sujoy Kumar A1 - Sultana, Ayesha A1 - Garain, Samiran A1 - Xie, Mengying A1 - Bowen, Christopher Rhys A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Mandal, Dipankar T1 - A Self-Powered Wearable Pressure Sensor and Pyroelectric Breathing Sensor Based on GO Interfaced PVDF Nanofibers T2 - ACS Applied Nano Materials N2 - This paper reports a self-powered,flexible, piezo- and pyro-electric hybrid nanogenerator (NG) device that can be fixed on different locations of human skin for detecting static and dynamic pressure variations and can also monitor temperature fluctuations during the respiration process. An efficient and cost-effective fabrication strategy has been developed to create electrospun poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)/graphene oxide (GO) nanofibers, which are used to create a highly sensitive wearable pressure sensor and pyroelectric breathing sensor. The sensor can accurately and rapidly detect pressures as low as 10 Pa with a high sensitivity (4.3 V/kPa), a key performance indicator for wearable sensors. Importantly, the sensor exhibits a high sensitivity to bending and stretching by finger, wrist, and elbow. The pressure sensor is also highly sensitive to vocal vibrations when attached to the human throat. The device can generate a maximum output power density of∼6.2 mW/m2 when subjected to a compressive stress, which enhances its range of applications. Moreover, it is demonstrated that doping with GO improves the pyroelectric energy harvesting and sensing performance of the device under repeated temperature fluctuations. The PVDF/GO-based nanogenerator has a maximum pyroelectric output power density of∼1.2 nW/m2 and can sense temperature changes during respiration, which makes it promising as a pyroelectric breathing sensor. It is demonstrated that processing of the PVDF-GO self-powered multifunctional pressure and pyroelectric breathing sensor can be up-scaled for fabricating compact and high-performance electronic skins for application in health monitoring, motion detection, and portable electronics. KW - piezo- and pyro-electric hybrid nanogenerator KW - poly(vinylidenefluoride) (PVDF)/graphene oxide (GO) nanofibers KW - wearable pressure sensor KW - breathing sensor Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.9b00033 SN - 2574-0970 VL - 2 IS - 4 SP - 2013 EP - 2025 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Differentiability of implicit functions: Beyond the implicit function theorem T2 - Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications (JMAA) N2 - The implicit function theorem (IFT) can be used to deduce the differentiability of an implicit mapping S : u → y given by the equation e(y,u) = 0. However, the IFT is not applicable when different norms are necessary for the differentiation of e w.r.t. y and the invertibility of the partial derivative eᵧ(y,u). We prove theorems ensuring the (twice) differentiability of the mapping S which can be applied in this case. We highlight the application of our results to quasilinear partial differential equations whose principal part depends nonlinearly on the gradient of the state ∇y. KW - Implicit function theorem KW - Differentiability KW - Quasilinear partial differential equations Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmaa.2014.01.007 SN - 0022-247X VL - 414 IS - 1 SP - 259 EP - 272 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - The numerical solution of Newton’s problem of least resistance T2 - Mathematical Programming N2 - In this paper we consider Newton’s problem of finding a convex body of least resistance. This problem could equivalently be written as a variational problem over concave functions in R2. We propose two different methods for solving it numerically. First, we discretize this problem by writing the concave solution function as a infimum over a finite number of affine functions. The discretized problem could be solved by standard optimization software efficiently. Second, we conjecture that the optimal body has a certain structure. We exploit this structure and obtain a variational problem in R1. Deriving its Euler–Lagrange equation yields a program with two unknowns, which can be solved quickly. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10107-014-0756-2 SN - 0025-5610 SN - 1436-4646 VL - 147 IS - 1-2 SP - 331 EP - 350 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd A1 - Lätzer, Michael A1 - Leidich, Erhard T1 - Analytical computation of multiple interference fits under elasto‐plastic deformations T2 - Zeitschrift für angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik : (ZAMM) N2 - Multiple interference fits represent high friction‐stressed shaft‐hub connections. High surface pressures together with thin‐walled intermediate parts lead to high stresses and showing strong tendencies to plastic deformations. Cylindrical interference fits and their elasto‐plastic behaviour have been analysed in the literature. However, in the case of multiple interference fits, these methods are not applicable. In this paper, we derive a new calculation method for elasto‐plastically deformed multiple interference fits with hardening material. The analytical method is validated by the comparison of the determined stresses and displacements of several test cases with the solutions of corresponding axisymmetric finite element models. KW - interference fit KW - plastic deformation Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/zamm.201300041 SN - 1521-4001 VL - 94 IS - 12 SP - 1058 EP - 1064 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - On LICQ and the uniqueness of Lagrange multipliers T2 - Operations Research Letters N2 - Kyparisis proved in 1985 that a strict version of the Mangasarian–Fromovitz constraint qualification (MFCQ) is equivalent to the uniqueness of Lagrange multipliers. However, the definition of this strict version of MFCQ requires the existence of a Lagrange multiplier and is not a constraint qualification (CQ) itself. In this note we show that LICQ is the weakest CQ which ensures the (existence and) uniqueness of Lagrange multipliers. We also recall the relations between other CQs and properties of the set of Lagrange multipliers. KW - Lagrange multiplier KW - Constraint qualification Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orl.2012.11.009 SN - 0167-6377 VL - 41 IS - 1 SP - 78 EP - 80 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herzog, Roland A1 - Meyer, Christian A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - B- and Strong Stationarity for Optimal Control of Static Plasticity with Hardening T2 - SIAM Journal on Optimization N2 - Optimal control problems for the variational inequality of static elastoplasticity with linear kinematic hardening are considered. The control-to-state map is shown to be weakly directionally differentiable, and local optimal controls are proved to verify an optimality system of B-stationary type. For a modified problem, local minimizers are shown to even satisfy an optimality system of strongly stationary type. KW - mathematical programs with complementarity constraints in function space KW - variational inequalities of first kind KW - elastoplasticity KW - Bouligand and strong stationarity Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1137/110821147 SN - 1052-6234 SN - 1095-7189 VL - 23 IS - 1 SP - 321 EP - 352 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herzog, Roland A1 - Meyer, Christian A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - C-Stationarity for Optimal Control of Static Plasticity with Linear Kinematic Hardening T2 - SIAM Journal on Optimization N2 - An optimal control problem is considered for the variational inequality representing the stress-based (dual) formulation of static elastoplasticity. The linear kinematic hardening model and the von Mises yield condition are used. Existence and uniqueness of the plastic multiplier is rigorously proved, which allows for the reformulation of the forward system using a complementarity condition. In order to derive necessary optimality conditions, a family of regularized optimal control problems is analyzed, wherein the static plasticity problems are replaced by their viscoplastic approximations. By passing to the limit in the optimality conditions for the regularized problems, necessary optimality conditions of C-stationarity type are obtained. KW - mathematical programs with complementarity constraints KW - static plasticity KW - optimal control KW - optimality conditions Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1137/100809325 SN - 0363-0129 SN - 1095-7138 VL - 50 IS - 5 SP - 3052 EP - 3082 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Korte, Jan A1 - Hübner, Michael T1 - Reactive current compensation method for PFC applications based on SOGI-PLL T2 - VLSI Circuits and Systems Letter Y1 - 2019 VL - 5 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schöttker, Oliver A1 - Joao Santos, Maria T1 - Easement or public land? An economic analysis of different ownership modes for nature conservation measures in California T2 - Conservation Letters Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.12647 SN - 1755-263X VL - 12 IS - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dempe, Stephan A1 - Harder, Felix A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Solving inverse optimal control problems via value functions to global optimality T2 - Journal of Global Optimization N2 - In this paper, we show how a special class of inverse optimal control problems of elliptic partial differential equations can be solved globally. Using the optimal value function of the underlying parametric optimal control problem, we transfer the overall hierarchical optimization problem into a nonconvex single-level one. Unfortunately, standard regularity conditions like Robinson’s CQ are violated at all the feasible points of this surrogate problem. It is, however, shown that locally optimal solutions of the problem solve a Clarke-stationarity-type system. Moreover, we relax the feasible set of the surrogate problem iteratively by approximating the lower level optimal value function from above by piecewise affine functions. This allows us to compute globally optimal solutions of the original inverse optimal control problem. The global convergence of the resulting algorithm is shown theoretically and illustrated by means of a numerical example. KW - Bilevel optimal control KW - Global optimization KW - Inverse optimal control KW - Optimality conditions KW - Solution algorithm Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10898-019-00758-1 SN - 0925-5001 SN - 1573-2916 VL - 74 IS - 2 SP - 297 EP - 325 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick T1 - Stationarity conditions and constraint qualifications for mathematical programs with switching constraints T2 - Mathematical Programming N2 - In optimal control, switching structures demanding at most one control to be active at any time instance appear frequently. Discretizing such problems, a so-called mathematical program with switching constraints is obtained. Although these problems are related to other types of disjunctive programs like optimization problems with complementarity or vanishing constraints, their inherent structure makes a separate consideration necessary. Since standard constraint qualifications are likely to fail at the feasible points of switching-constrained optimization problems, stationarity notions which are weaker than the associated Karush–Kuhn–Tucker conditions need to be investigated in order to find applicable necessary optimality conditions. Furthermore, appropriately tailored constraint qualifications need to be formulated. In this paper, we introduce suitable notions of weak, Mordukhovich-, and strong stationarity for mathematical programs with switching constraints and present some associated constraint qualifications. Our findings are exploited to state necessary optimality conditions for (discretized) optimal control problems with switching constraints. Furthermore, we apply our results to optimization problems with either-or-constraints. First, a novel reformulation of such problems using switching constraints is presented. Second, the derived surrogate problem is exploited to obtain necessary optimality conditions for the original program. KW - Constraint qualifications KW - Either-or-constraints KW - Nonlinear programming KW - Optimality conditions KW - Switching constraints Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10107-019-01380-5 SN - 0025-5610 SN - 1436-4646 VL - 181 IS - 1 SP - 149 EP - 186 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Simon A1 - Dornisch, Wolfgang A1 - Müller, Ralf T1 - A phase field model for martensitic transformation coupled with the heat equation T2 - GAMM‐Mitteilungen N2 - In order to consider temperature dependency in a phase field model for martensitic transformations a temperature dependent phase separation potential is introduced. The kinematics and the energetic setup underlying the phase transformation are briefly explained. Parameters are identified using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The kinetics of the phase field model are in good agreement with those of the MD simulations. Further, the effect of temperature on the microstructure evolution is studied for varying initial austenite contents. KW - Solidifcation KW - phase-field KW - theory of porous media KW - finite element method KW - multi-scale Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/gamm.201720005 SN - 1522-2608 VL - 40 IS - 2 SP - 138 EP - 153 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rauls, Anne-Therese A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Generalized Derivatives for the Solution Operator of the Obstacle Problem T2 - Set-Valued and Variational Analysis N2 - We characterize generalized derivatives of the solution operator of the obstacle problem. This precise characterization requires the usage of the theory of so-called capacitary measures and the associated solution operators of relaxed Dirichlet problems. The generalized derivatives can be used to obtain a novel necessary optimality condition for the optimal control of the obstacle problem with control constraints. A comparison shows that this system is stronger than the known system of C-stationarity. KW - Obstacle problem KW - Generalized derivative KW - Capacitary measure KW - Relaxed Dirichlet problem KW - C-stationarity Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11228-019-0506-y SN - 1877-0533 SN - 1877-0541 VL - 28 IS - 2 SP - 259 EP - 285 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Christof, Constantin A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Differential Sensitivity Analysis of Variational Inequalities with Locally Lipschitz Continuous Solution Operators T2 - Applied Mathematics & Optimization N2 - This paper is concerned with the differential sensitivity analysis of variational inequalities in Banach spaces whose solution operators satisfy a generalized Lipschitz condition. We prove a sufficient criterion for the directional differentiability of the solution map that turns out to be also necessary for elliptic variational inequalities in Hilbert spaces (even in the presence of asymmetric bilinear forms, nonlinear operators and nonconvex functionals). Our method of proof is fully elementary. Moreover, our technique allows us to also study those cases where the variational inequality at hand is not uniquely solvable and where directional differentiability can only be obtained w.r.t. the weak or the weak-star topology of the underlying space. As tangible examples, we consider a variational inequality arising in elastoplasticity, the projection onto prox-regular sets, and a bang–bang optimal control problem. KW - Variational inequalities KW - Sensitivity analysis KW - Directional differentiability KW - Bang–bang KW - Optimal control KW - Differential stability KW - Second-order epi-differentiability Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00245-018-09553-y SN - 0095-4616 SN - 1432-0606 VL - 81 IS - 1 SP - 23 EP - 62 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Deng, Yu A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick A1 - Prüfert, Uwe T1 - Optimal control in first-order Sobolev spaces with inequality constraints T2 - Computational Optimization and Applications N2 - In this paper, an elliptic optimal control problem with controls from H¹(Ω) which have to satisfy standard box constraints is considered. Thus, Lagrange multipliers associated with the box constraints are, in general, elements of H¹(Ω)* as long as the lower and upper bound belong to H¹(Ω) as well. If these bounds possess less regularity, the overall existence of a Lagrange multiplier is not even guaranteed. In order to avoid the direct solution of a not necessarily available KKT system, a penalty method is suggested which finds the minimizer of the control-constrained problem. Its convergence properties are analyzed. Furthermore, some numerical strategies for the computation of optimal solutions are suggested and illustrated. KW - Control constraints KW - Optimal control KW - Optimality conditions KW - Penalty method KW - Semismooth Newton method Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10589-018-0053-8 SN - 0926-6003 SN - 1573-2894 VL - 72 IS - 3 SP - 797 EP - 826 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Benita, Francisco A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick T1 - Solving optimal control problems with terminal complementarity constraints via Scholtes’ relaxation scheme T2 - Computational Optimization and Applications : (COAP) N2 - We investigate the numerical treatment of optimal control problems of linear ordinary differential equations with terminal complementarity constraints. Therefore, we generalize the well-known relaxation technique of Scholtes to the problem at hand. In principle, any other relaxation approach from finite-dimensional complementarity programming can be adapted in similar fashion. It is shown that the suggested method possesses strong convergence properties under mild assumptions. Finally, some numerical examples are presented. KW - Complementarity-constrained programming KW - Optimal control KW - Relaxation Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10589-018-0050-y SN - 0926-6003 SN - 1573-2894 VL - 72 IS - 2 SP - 413 EP - 430 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Strong Stationarity for Optimal Control of the Obstacle Problem with Control Constraints T2 - SIAM Journal on Optimization :(SIOPT) N2 - We consider the distributed optimal control of the obstacle problem with control constraints. Since Mignot proved in 1976 the necessity of a system which is equivalent to strong stationarity, it has been an open problem whether such a system is still necessary in the presence of control constraints. Using moderate regularity of the optimal control and an assumption on the control bounds (which is implied by $u_a < 0 \le u_b$ quasi-everywhere in $\Omega$ in the case of an upper obstacle $y \le \psi$), we can answer this question in the affirmative. We also present counterexamples showing that strong stationarity may not hold if $u_a < 0$ or $0 \le u_b$ are violated. KW - obstacle problem KW - optimal control KW - strong stationarity KW - complementarity conditions KW - control constraints Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1137/130925827 SN - 1052-6234 SN - 1095-7189 VL - 24 IS - 4 SP - 1914 EP - 1932 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Recknagel, Friedrich A1 - Zohary, Tamar A1 - Rücker, Jacqueline A1 - Orr, Philip T. A1 - Castelo Branco, Christina A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte T1 - Causal relationships of Raphidiopsis (formerly Cylindrospermopsis) dynamics with water temperature and N:P-ratios: A meta-analysis across lakes with different climates based on inferential modelling T2 - Harmful Algae KW - Raphidiopsis raciborskii KW - Meta-analysis KW - Four lakes Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1568988319300526?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2019.04.005 SN - 1568-9883 VL - 84 SP - 222 EP - 232 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Khosh Bin Ghomash, Shahin A1 - Caviedes-Voullième, Daniel A1 - Hinz, Christoph T1 - Effects of erosion-induced changes to topography on runoff dynamics T2 - Journal of Hydrology N2 - Runoff generation from rainfall events is a complex, spatial and temporally dependent process strongly governed, among other factors, by catchment surface topography. Although it is widely known that many catchments experience morphological evolution, it is often ignored in analysis for different reasons ranging from simplification to lack of data. However, young catchments and early landscapes (such as those which are affected by natural or anthropogenic disturbances) do exhibit topography changes which in turn affect catchment hydrodynamics, hydrology and in particular runoff. In this work, we study the runoff generation and hydrodynamics of the Hühnerwasser artificial catchment (Brandenburg, Germany) during a period of erosion-based topographical changes (2006–2010). Nine Digital Elevation Models from such period were used as topography over which physically-based simulations were performed. The results suggest that topographic evolution in this catchment mostly affects the onset of runoff, whereas peak discharges and receding hydrograph limbs are less affected. These differences in hydrological signatures can be explained through the changes in the spatial distribution of runoff hydrodynamics and their impact on surface runoff connectivity. Relatively small topographical differences produce changing ponding conditions and modify flowpaths which becomes evident only through inspection of the spatial distribution of hydrodynamic variables. Moreover, the study shows that in order for simulations to be able to capture such responses, appropriate computational mesh and topographical data resolution are critical, since connectivity itself can be greatly affected by low resolution data or representation. KW - Rainfall/runoff simulation KW - Runoff generation KW - Topographic evolution KW - Catchment morphodynamics KW - Surface runoff connectivity Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2019.04.018 SN - 0022-1694 VL - 573 SP - 811 EP - 828 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nones, Michael A1 - Varrani, Arianna A1 - Franzoia, Mariateresa A1 - Di Silvio, Giampaolo T1 - Assessing quasi-equilibrium fining and concavity of present rivers: A modelling approach T2 - Catena N2 - The aim of the paper is presenting a very simple but reliable tool to reproduce the evolution of alluvial rivers worldwide, typically characterized by longitudinal profile concavity and downstream bottom fining. A zerodimensional, two-reach, two-grainsize hydro-morphological model has been developed to simulate the long-term evolution of alluvial watercourses up to the present state, starting from the basin orogeny. Firstly, the model is described and tested against six hypothetic cases to show the quasi-stationary behaviour of profile concavity and bottom fining. Then it is applied to four real watercourses having diverse size, hydrological and morphoclimatic characteristics: the Adige, Ob, Parana and Zambezi rivers. These are characterized by a different “age”, indicated by the estimated time elapsed from the last significant tectonic episode in their basin, ranging from 10 to 300 million years for the four cases. For all the simulated rivers it has been confirmed a satisfactory replication by the model of the measured slopes and concavity of the longitudinal profile in the present conditions. Unfortunately, only a limited comparison of the computed sediment fining in the downstream direction was possible, as very few information on spatially-distributed measured grainsize composition along the studied river systems is available. KW - Alluvial large rivers KW - Bottom fining KW - Long-term evolution KW - Profile concavity KW - Zero-dimensional model Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2019.104073 SN - 0341-8162 VL - 181 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Saskia M. A1 - Bilz, Ludwig T1 - Is self-regulation a relevant aspect of intervention competence for teachers in bullying situations? T2 - Nordic Studies in Education N2 - Teachers play a crucial role in stopping bullying, but react in different ways. Could their competence profile explain these differences? In the literature, self-regulation is understood as being part of teacher competence and is known to be important for other aspects of teaching. However, it has not yet been studied in relation to bullying interventions. In the present study, we examined this interaction for the first time using a sample of 556 teachers. Contrary to our expectations, self-regulation appears not to be relevant in teachers’ intervention behaviour. Possible reasons and implications are discussed. KW - self-regulation KW - bullying KW - teacher intervention KW - teacher competence KW - regulatory mode Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.18261/issn.1891-5949-2019-02-04 SN - 1891-5949 VL - 39 IS - 2 SP - 121 EP - 141 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shtin, Valentin A1 - Novikov, Valeriy A1 - Chekalkin, Timofey A1 - Gunther, Victor A1 - Marchenko, Ekaterina A1 - Choynzonov, Evgeniy A1 - Baik Kang, Seung A1 - Jong Chang, Moon A1 - Hoon Kang, Ji A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei T1 - Repair of Orbital Post-Traumatic Wall Defects by Custom-Made TiNi Mesh Endografts T2 - Journal of Functional Biomaterials N2 - Repairs of orbital post-traumatic and extensive malignant defects remain a major surgical challenge, in view of follow-up outcomes. Incorrect surgical management of injured facial structures results in cosmetic, ophthalmic, and social aftereffects. A custom-made knitted TiNi-based mesh (KTNM) endograft was employed to overcome post-surgical complications and post-resected lesions of the orbital area. Preoperative high-resolution computed tomography (CT) imaging and CAD modelling were used to design the customized KTNM in each case. Twenty-five patients underwent surgery utilizing the suggested technique, from 2014 to 2019. In all documented cases, resolution of the ophthalmic malfunction was noted in the early period. Follow-up observation evidenced no relapsed enophthalmos, hypoglobus, or diplopia as late complications. The findings emanating from our clinical observations allow us to claim that the KTNM indicated a high level of biocompatibility. It is simply modified intraoperatively to attach any desired shape/size for implantation and can also be screw-fixed, providing a good supporting ability. The KTNM precisely renders orbitozygomatic outlines and orbital floor, thus recovering the anatomical structure, and is regarded as an attractive alternative to Ti-based meshes and plates. Additionally, we report one of the studied cases, where good functional and cosmetic outcomes have been achieved. KW - diplopia KW - enophthalmos KW - orbital defect repair KW - TiNi mesh Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4983/10/3/27 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb10030027 SN - 2079-4983 VL - 10 IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berens, Eva-Maria A1 - Kaucher, Simone A1 - Eckert, Sandra van A1 - Reder, Maren A1 - Kolip, Petra A1 - Spallek, Jacob T1 - Knowledge about mammography screening in Germany by education and migrant status – results of a cross-sectional study (InEMa) T2 - Applied Cancer Research N2 - Background: The population-based mammography screening program (MSP) is aimed to reduce breast cancer mortality, to detect breast cancer at an early stage, and to allow for less invasive treatment. However, it also has some potential harms, such as overdiagnosis and overtreatment. Therefore, it is necessary that women receive sufficient and balanced information to enable informed decision-making. We examined knowledge about benefits and harms of the MSP in Germany among first-time invitees of different socio-demographic backgrounds. Methods: This observational study assessed knowledge about benefits and harms of the MSP among women who were invited to the MSP for the first time by six multiple choice items, using a postal survey. We investigated (i) single items of knowledge, (ii) the distribution of sufficient knowledge stratified by education, migration status and invitation, and (iii) possible determinants of sufficient knowledge by analyzing Odds Ratios (ORs) using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression. Results: In total, 5397 women included in the analyses. 46.1% of the study population had sufficient knowledge about benefits and harms of the MSP. However, women with low educational level and migration background had higher proportions of insufficient knowledge and used most frequently the option “don’t know”. Women had the most difficulties answering the numeric question and the question about the target group correctly. Results from the logistic regression showed that the odds of having sufficient knowledge were higher among well-educated women (OR 3.84, 95%CI 3.24–4.55), among women who already received the MSP invitation (OR 1.38, 95%CI 1.20–1.59) and lowest among Turkish women (OR 0.14, 95%CI 0.07–0.25). Conclusions: Women with low education and migration background need adapted information regarding benefits and harms of the MSP and are important target groups for further developing the information material about mammography screening to reduce disparities in knowledge and enable informed decision-making. KW - Mammography screening program, Knowledge, Education, Migrants, Benefits, Harms Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s41241-019-0076-1 SN - 1980-5578 VL - 39 IS - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sterman-Cohen, Elad A1 - Bestehorn, Michael A1 - Oron, Alexander T1 - Driving mechanisms of ratchet flow in thin liquid films under tangential two-frequency forcing T2 - Physics of Fluids N2 - In a recent paper, we demonstrated the emergence of ratchet flows in thin liquid films subjected to tangential two-frequency vibrations [E. Sterman-Cohen, M. Bestehorn, and A. Oron, “Ratchet flow of thin liquid films induced by a two-frequency tangential forcing,” Phys. Fluids 30, 022101 (2018)], and asymmetric forcing was found to be a sole driving mechanism for these ratchet flows. In this paper, we consider other two-frequency excitations and reveal an additional driving mechanism of an emerging ratchet flow when the acceleration imparted by forcing is symmetric with respect to a certain moment of time within the forcing period (this type of forcing referred to as “symmetric forcing”). This driving mechanism exhibits an intricate interaction between forcing, capillarity, and gravity. We find that in contradistinction with the case of asymmetric forcing where the flow intensity reaches a constant value in the large-time limit, in the case of symmetric forcing the flow intensity exhibits oscillatory variation in time. We also discuss the flow intensity variation of the emerging ratchet flows with the fundamental wavenumber of the disturbance. KW - Thin films KW - Flow instabilities KW - Linear stability analysis KW - Capillarity KW - Non linear dynamics KW - Navier Stokes equations Y1 - 2019 UR - https://aip.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/1.5098941 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5098941 VL - 31 IS - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Obstarczyk, Agata A1 - Kaczmarek, Danuta A1 - Wojcieszak, Damian A1 - Mazur, Michał A1 - Domaradzki, Jarosław A1 - Kotwica, Tomasz A1 - Pastuszek, Roman A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Mazur, Piotr A1 - Kot, Małgorzata T1 - Tailoring optical and electrical properties of thin-film coatings based on mixed Hf and Ti oxides for optoelectronic application T2 - Materials and Design N2 - In this work multi-magnetron sputtering stand was used for the deposition of the mixed oxides thin films based on HfO2 and TiO2. In order to obtain various material composition the power released to each magnetron (containing metallic hafnium and titanium targets) was precisely selected. Structural, surface, optical, electrical and mechanical properties of as-deposited coatings were analyzed. Depending on the hafnium content in the deposited thin films various types of the microstructure was obtained, i.e. HfO2-monoclinic, amorphous and TiO2-rutile. Increase of Ti content above 28 at. % in the as-prepared mixed oxides coatings caused their amorphization. It was found that with an increase of Ti content in prepared coatings their surface roughness and simultaneously water contact angle decreased. Performed measurements of electrical properties revealed that the lowest leakage current density in the range of 10−7 – 10−8 A/cm2 was obtained for amorphous coatings. Moreover, the tailoring of the dielectric constant was possible by a proper selection of material composition and microstructure of the deposited thin films. Average transparency in the visible wavelength region was in the range of ca. 79–86%. The influence of material composition and structure on shifting of the fundamental absorption edge and optical bandgap energy was also observed. The refractive index increased with an increase of Ti content, while extinction coefficient was the lowest for amorphous coatings. Additionally, hardness values were dependent on the material composition and optical packing density and were in the range from 7.6 GPa to 10.1 GPa. KW - Magnetron sputtering KW - Optical coatings KW - Electrical properties KW - Mixed oxides KW - HfO2 KW - TiO2 KW - High-k oxides KW - Amorphous thin films Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2019.107822 SN - 0264-1275 VL - 175 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gerling, Charlotte A1 - Sturm, Astrid A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - Ecological-economic modelling to compare the impact of organic and conventional farming on endangered grassland bird and butterfly species T2 - Agricultural Systems Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2019.02.016 SN - 0308-521X VL - 173 SP - 424 EP - 434 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ryabchikov, Alexander I. A1 - Kashkarov, Egor B. A1 - Shevelev, Alexey A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Sivin, D. O. T1 - Surface modification of Al by high-intensity low-energy Ti-ion implantation: Microstructure, mechanical and tribological properties T2 - Surface and Coatings Technology N2 - A high-intensity metal ribbon ion beam was generated using plasma immersion extraction and the acceleration of the metal ions with their subsequent ballistic focusing using a cylindrical grid electrode under a repetitively pulsed bias. To generate the dense metal plasma flow, two water-cooled vacuum arc evaporators with Ti cathodes were used. The ion current density reached 43 mA/cm2 at the arc discharge current of 130 A. High-intensity ion implantation (HIII) with a low ion energy ribbon beam was used for the surface modification of the aluminium. The irradiation fluence was changed from 1.5 × 1020 ion/cm2 to 4 × 1020 ion/cm2 with a corresponding increase in the implantation temperature from 623 to 823 K. The structure and composition of the Ti-implanted aluminium were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX). The mechanical properties and wear resistance were measured using nanoindentation and “pin-on-disk” testing, respectively. It was shown that the HIII method can be used to form a deep intermetallic Al3Ti layer. It has been established that a thin (0.4 μm) modified layer with a hcp Ti(Al) structure is only formed on the surface at 623 K, while the formation of the ordered Al3Ti intermetallic phase occurs at the implantation temperatures of 723 and 823 K. Despite the significant ion sputtering of the surface, the thickness of the modified layer increases from ~1 μm to ~6 μm, and the implantation temperature rises from 723 to 823 K. It was found that the homogeneous intermetallic Al3Ti layer with a thickness of up to 5 μm was formed at 823 К. The mechanical and tribological properties of the aluminium were substantially improved after HIII. For the Ti-implanted aluminium, the hardness of the surface layer increases from 0.4 GPa (undoped Al) to 3.5–4 GPa, while the wear resistance increases by more than an order of magnitude. KW - Ion implantation KW - Ribbon ion beam KW - Intermetallics KW - Aluminium KW - Titanium KW - Surface modification Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0257897219304992?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2019.05.020 SN - 0257-8972 VL - 372 SP - 1 EP - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fellah, Mamoun A1 - Hezil, Naouel A1 - Djellabi, Ridha A1 - Samad, Mohammed Abdul A1 - Touhami, Mohamed Zine A1 - Montagne, Alex A1 - Iost, Alain A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Rapid and enhanced recovery of poly-dispersed nonionic surfactant (TX-100) from organic mediums using dehydrated and rehydrated kaolin T2 - Applied Clay Science N2 - The recovery of surfactants from organic mediums is of great economic and environmental interests in the field of petrochemicals sector. The aim of this study was to recover poly-dispersed nonionic surfactant (TX-100) from organic medium by the use of dehydrated and rehydrated kaolin. It was found that the presence of water after kaolin rehydration decreases considerably the amount of TX-100 adsorption from 28.7 μmol.g−1 onto dehydrated kaolin to 23.4 μmol.g−1 onto rehydrated kaolin. The estimation of the number of statistical layers of water deposited on kaolin was observed to be about 7 to 9. The effect of type of solvents (heptane, cyclohexane and benzene) on the adsorption onto rehydrated kaolin revealed a reduction in the adsorbed quantity; the adsorbed amounts were found to be 28.7 μmol.g−1, 26.7 μmol.g−1 and 24.2 μmol.g−1 in heptane, cycloheptane and benzene phases, respectively. On the other hand, it was observed that a temperature increased from 20 °C to 35 °C and 45 °C negatively affects the adsorption of TX-100 onto dehydrated and/or hydrated kaolin in heptane medium. KW - Adsorption KW - Organic medium KW - Surfactant recovery KW - Dehydrated/rehydrated kaolin KW - Petrochemical pollution Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2019.05.004 SN - 0169-1317 VL - 177 SP - 43 EP - 50 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seelig, Torsten A1 - Meyer, Antoine A1 - Gerstner, Philipp A1 - Meier, Martin A1 - Jongmanns, Marcel A1 - Baumann, Martin A1 - Heuveline, Vincent A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Dielectrophoretic force-driven convection in annular geometry under Earth’s gravity T2 - International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2019.04.068 SN - 0017-9310 VL - 139 SP - 386 EP - 398 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Winkelmann, Ralf T1 - Beschichtungen aus Metallen und Metall-Hartstoff-Compositen T2 - WOMAG: Kompetenz in Werkstoff und funktioneller Oberfläche N2 - Bauteile werden häufig mit Beschichtungen versehen, um einen wirtschaftlichen Betrieb von Geräten und Anlagen zu ermöglichen beziehungsweise deutlich zu verbessern. Die Beschichtung übernimmt die Aufgabe, äußeren Beanspruchungen zu widerstehen. Eine hohe volkswirtschaftliche Bedeutung kommt dem Korrosions- und Verschleißschutz zu. Die hervorragenden Eigenschaften von Stählen können durch die Berücksichtigung von Beschichtungen deutlich länger genutzt werden. Die Beschichtungen sollen ausreichend haften und den äußeren Einflüssen möglichst solange widerstehen, bis eine Aussonderung der beschichteten Bauteile beziehungsweise der Anlage vorgesehen ist. Der Beschichtungsprozess erfordert drei technologische Schritte, die Substratvorbehandlung, die Vorbereitung des Beschichtungswerkstoffes und die Beschichtungsherstellung. Für den Korrosions- und Verschleißschutz kommt den metallischen Beschichtungen, welche durch die Verfahren des Auftragschweißens beziehungsweise des Spritzens hergestellt werden, eine besondere Bedeutung zu. Dies ist zurückzuführen auf den erzielten hohen Mechanisierungsgrad bei der Beschichtungsherstellung, die hervorragende Recyclingfähigkeit und eine hohe Nachhaltigkeit. Bei abrasiver Verschleißbeanspruchung müssen Metalle durch Hartstoffe verstärkt werden. Diese können sich aus der Schmelze herausbilden oder separat zugeführt werden. Für besonders schwierige Situationen werden auch Hartstoffe mit hoher Bildungsenthalpie berücksichtigt. Dies allerdings führt zu Bindungsproblemen. Technisch-technologische Lösungen für diese Probleme wurden beziehungsweise werden derzeit erarbeitet. Kenntnisse zu den Bindungsmechanismen sind eine Voraussetzung für die Entwicklung von neuen hoch abrasionsbeständigen Schichtsystemen. Die große wirtschaftliche Bedeutung bergründet die Fokussierung der Ausführungen auf Beschichtungen, die mittels Auftragschweißen hergestellt werden. Y1 - 2019 SN - 2195-5905 VL - 8 IS - 5 SP - 18 EP - 19 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Scheibe, Karsten A1 - Winkelmann, Ralf T1 - Quantitative Analyse der Reaktionen von WxCy-Hartstoffen in auftragsgeschweißten metallischen Beschichtungen T2 - WOMAG: Kompetenz in Werkstoff und funktioneller Oberfläche N2 - Die tribologischen Merkmale der durch Auftragschweißen hergestellten Beschichtungen ergeben sich aus den Eigenschaften der Grund- und Zusatzwerkstoffe, den Beschichtungsparametern sowie deren Wechselwirkungen. Veränderungen dieser Parameter werden zwangsläufig Veränderungen der tribologischen Merkmale verursachen. Diese sind gut durch vergleichend durchgeführte Verschleißprüfungen zu beurteilen, wobei Ergebnisse wie die Verschleißrate streng genommen nur für die beurteilte Beanspruchungssituation gelten. Metallografische Untersuchungen sollen helfen, Erklärungen für die registrierten Verschleißraten einschließlich deren Veränderungen zu finden. Sie sollten daher ebenfalls vergleichbare Angaben liefern. Bei Metall-Matrix-Compositen (MMC) können verschiedene Kriterien (z. B. Auflösung der Hartstoffe, Struktur der Auflösung, Einbettung, Saum des Hartstoffs, sich bildende neue Gefüge und deren Eigenschaften) genutzt werden, um tribologische Merkmale zu quantifizieren. Ziel der durchgeführten Untersuchungen ist es, einen Beitrag zur Objektivierung von metallografischen Untersuchungen zu liefern. Es sollen im Zusammenwirken von klassischer Metallografie, Bildanalyse und Verschleißuntersuchungen Erklärungen für die sich aus beschichtungstechnischen Veränderungen ergebenden Verschleißwerte abgeleitet werden. Hierfür ist eine qualitativ hochwertige Bildanalyse erforderlich. In diesem Beitrag werden die entwickelten Verfahren zur Klassifizierung von bildanalytischen Merkmalen beschrieben, deren Grenzen diskutiert, aber auch Lösungen und Alternativen beschrieben. Es werden Ergebnisse der Verschleißuntersuchung mit denen der Bildanalyse ergänzt. KW - Quantitative Analyse KW - Metall-Matrix-Composite KW - Bildanalyse Y1 - 2019 SN - 2195-5905 VL - 8 IS - 4 SP - 4 EP - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yellur, Manoja Rao A1 - Seidlitz, Holger A1 - Kuke, Felix A1 - Wartig, Kevin A1 - Tsombanis, Nikolas T1 - A low velocity impact study on press formed thermoplastic honeycomb sandwich panels T2 - Composite Structures N2 - At present plywood structures are used in the loading area of utility structures. Low velocity impact studies on these structures showed cracks on its lower surface. Hence, in the current study low-velocity impact of a lighter honeycomb sandwich structure is investigated to satisfy the needs of the utility vehicle segment. To meet this objective, facing sheets are manufactured using the polypropylene matrix and glass fibers. Polypropylene honeycombs are used in the study. Depending on the experimental boundary conditions, a cross-ply laminate set up is used for the facing sheets. An impact energy of 100 J is chosen in the study. This energy caused visible failure on the plywood sample. Hence a lighter sandwich construction which can resist 100 J impact is implemented in this study. Influence of top and bottom facing sheet thicknesses on the amount of damage inflicted on its surfaces are studied. Experimental histories of absorbed energy and contact force are recorded. A finite element analysis is performed using LS-DYNA and numerical results are compared with the experimental responses. A honeycomb sandwich panel [0/90/90/0/Core/0/90/90/0] meeting the objective of the study is seen as an optimum replacement for the existing plywood structures. KW - Low-velocity impact KW - Sandwich panel KW - Honeycomb core KW - Finite element analysis (FEA) Y1 - 2019 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0263822318334743 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2019.111061 SN - 0263-8223 VL - 225 SP - 111061 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Todtenberg, Nicole A1 - Kraemer, Rolf T1 - A survey on Bluetooth multi-hop networks T2 - Ad Hoc Networks N2 - Bluetooth was firstly announced in 1998. Originally designed as cable replacement connecting devices in a point-to-point fashion its high penetration arouses interest in its ad-hoc networking potential. This ad-hoc networking potential of Bluetooth is advertised for years - but until recently no actual products were available and less than a handful of real Bluetooth multi-hop network deployments were reported. The turnaround was triggered by the release of the Bluetooth Low Energy Mesh Profile which is unquestionable a great achievement but not well suited for all use cases of multi-hop networks. This paper surveys the tremendous work done on Bluetooth multi-hop networks during the last 20 years. All aspects are discussed with demands for a real world Bluetooth multi-hop operation in mind. Relationships and side effects of different topics for a real world implementation are explained. This unique focus distinguishes this survey from existing ones. Furthermore, to the best of the authors’ knowledge this is the first survey consolidating the work on Bluetooth multi-hop networks for classic Bluetooth technology as well as for Bluetooth Low Energy. Another individual characteristic of this survey is a synopsis of real world Bluetooth multi-hop network deployment efforts. In fact, there are only four reports of a successful establishment of a Bluetooth multi-hop network with more than 30 nodes and only one of them was integrated in a real world application - namely a photovoltaic power plant. KW - Bluetooth KW - Bluetooth Low Energy KW - Scatternet KW - Scatternet formation KW - Inter-Piconet scheduling KW - Multi-hop routing KW - Bluetooth Low Energy Mesh Profile Y1 - 2019 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S157087051930126X U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adhoc.2019.101922 SN - 1570-8705 IS - 93 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, Klaus A1 - Rachow, Fabian A1 - Günther, Vivien A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Methanation of Coke Oven Gas with Nickel-based catalysts T2 - International Journal of Environmental Science N2 - For a complete transition from fossil to CO₂ neutral energy supply new energy storage concepts are needed that allow energy supply in times of absence of regenerative power production as during dark doldrums. A promising renewable energy storage approach is the power to gas (to power) technique based on the production of synthetic natural gas (also called e-methane) by methanation of CO₂ with H₂. The latter is usually produced by electrolysis. In any power to gas concept, electrolysis is a very critical part, due to its high costs, stability issues, or limited power of required electrolysers. As an alternative source of hydrogen, we investigate the methanation of coke oven gas (COG). COG is a byproduct of the carbon rich coke production from coal for the steel industry, with a high amount of hydrogen (~60vol%). Coke oven gas furthermore contains CH₄(~25vol%), CO (5-8vol%), and CO₂(1-3vol%), making it an attractive feedstock for the production of synthetic energy carriers like methane. In the present study, the authors investigate the direct conversion of CO and CO₂ from COG into e-methane. Compared to stoichiometric conversion, the COG hydrogen content is too high for catalytic methanation of CO₂. In order to achieve a higher methane yield, the addition of CO₂ from air, flue gas, or coal gasification can compensate the surplus of hydrogen in the coke oven gas. The process is evaluated by the conversion of CO and CO₂, the catalyst selectivity towards higher hydrocarbons for varying temperatures, and the CH₄ yield. KW - Coke Oven Gas KW - CO₂ recycling KW - Power to Gas (PtG) KW - Synthetic Natural Gas (SNG) KW - e-methane KW - Sabatier-Reaction Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.iaras.org/iaras/home/caijes/methanation-of-coke-oven-gas-with-nickel-based-catalysts UR - https://iaras.org/iaras/filedownloads/ijes/2019/008-0009(2019).pdf SN - 2367-8941 IS - 4 SP - 73 EP - 79 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kunath, Martin A1 - Winkler, Herwig T1 - Usability of Information Systems to Support Decision Making in the Order Management Process T2 - Procedia CIRP N2 - In today’s business environment companies are forced to improve transparency as well as accelerate and digitalize all steps of the order management process. Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems and further information systems have become indispensable to implement an efficient order processing. Scientific papers have already summarized the main problems of these systems. For this paper a survey was carried out showing the suitability of information systems with a focus on ERP systems for decision support in the order management process for a given product delivery strategy. The results show that particularly the support in defining solutions needs to be improved. KW - Order Management Process KW - Information Systems KW - Enterprise Ressource Planning KW - Digitalization KW - Survey Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2019.03.056 VL - 81 SP - 322 EP - 327 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Richter, Martin A1 - Winkler, Herwig A1 - Kaucher, Christian A1 - Sarram, Amirhossein T1 - Investigation and analysis of accumulators for the use of electrochemical storage in hybrid shunting locomotives T2 - Procedia CIRP N2 - This paper evaluates storage batteries with respect to usage in hybrid shunting locomotives. Topics are the status quo of existing technologies as well as future electrochemical storage technologies. A target system is used to evaluate the technologies. Furthermore, relevant battery characteristics for the usage in hybrid shunting locomotives have been identified. The necessary data have been retrieved from current literature (document analysis) and by a survey made with scientific and industrial experts. The results of the study show, that batteries of the lithium-ion-technology with a lithium-titanate anode and a lithium-iron-phosphate cathode are currently the most suitable batteries for the use in hybrid shunting locomotives. Promising future technologies are under investigation, but these technologies are several years away from their market entry. KW - Current status of batteries KW - future technologies KW - relevant charactristics of batteries for hybrid locomotives KW - battery technologies Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2019.03.243 SN - 2212-8271 VL - 81 SP - 1010 EP - 1015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schiemann, Markus A1 - Berger, Ulrich T1 - Mensch-Roboter-Kollaboration in einem vernetzten Produktionsumfeld, SmartSafety: Ein beschleunigter Inbetriebnahmeprozess T2 - Zeitschrift für wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb : ZWF Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3139/104.112108 SN - 2511-0896 VL - 114 IS - 6 SP - 364 EP - 366 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schreiber, Frank A1 - Erpel, Tim A1 - Allebrodt, Benedikt A1 - Winkelmann, Ralf T1 - Auftragschweißen verschleißbeständiger Beschichtungen: Zusatzwerkstoffe und ihre Verarbeitungstechnologie T2 - WOMAG: Kompetenz in Werkstoff und funktioneller Oberfläche N2 - Im Bereich des Verschleiß- und Korrosionsschutzes durch Auftragschweißen werden verschiedene Schweißverfahren eingesetzt. Dazu zählen technologisch weniger anspruchsvolle Anwendungen wie das Acetylen-Sauerstoff-Schweißen oder das E-Hand-Schweißen mit Stabelektroden, über klassische Verfahren wie das MIG/MAG- oder WIG-Schweißen bis hin zu jüngeren Verfahren wie dem Plasma-Pulver-Auftragschweißen oder dem Laser-Auftragschweißen. Allen Verfahren ist gemein, dass die charakteristischen Eigenschaften, wie zum Beispiel die erzeugte Schichtqualität, die Abschmelzleistung oder die Wirtschaftlichkeit, erheblich von den einzusetzenden Schweißzusätzen in Form von Stäben, Schnüren, Füll- und Massivdrähten oder Metall- und Mischpulvern abhängen. Anhand der europäischen Norm EN 14700 wird auf die Besonderheiten bei der Auswahl der Schweißzusätze und deren Merkmale aus industrieller Sicht eingegangen. KW - Auftragschweißen KW - Zusatzwerkstoffe KW - Verschleißschutz KW - Korrosionsschutz KW - Schweißzusätze Y1 - 2019 SN - 2195-5905 VL - 8 IS - 6 SP - 4 EP - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shrestha, Krishna Prasad A1 - Seidel, Lars A1 - Zeuch, Thomas A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - Kinetic Modeling of NOx Formation and Consumption during Methanol and Ethanol Oxidation T2 - Combustion Science and Technology KW - Kinetic Modeling of NOx Formation Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/00102202.2019.1606804 SN - 1563-521X VL - 191 IS - 9 SP - 1628 EP - 1660 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knies, Maximilian A1 - Kaiser, Martin A1 - Lê Anh, Mai A1 - Efimova, Anastasia A1 - Doert, Thomas A1 - Ruck, Michael T1 - Low-Temperature Ordering in the Cluster Compound (Bi₈)Tl[AlCl₄]₃ T2 - Inorganics N2 - The reaction of Bi, BiCl₃, and TlCl in the ionic liquid [BMIm]Cl·4AlCl₃ (BMIm = 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium) at 180 °C yielded air-sensitive black crystals of (Bi₈)Tl[AlCl₄]₃. X-ray diffraction on single crystals at room temperature revealed a structure containing [Tl(AlCl₄)₃]∞12− strands separated by isolated Bi₈²⁺ square antiprisms. The thallium(I) ion is coordinated by twelve Cl⁻ ions of six [AlCl₄]⁻ groups, resulting in a chain of face-sharing [TlCl₁₂]¹¹⁻ icosahedra. The Bi₈²⁺ polycation is disordered, simulating a threefold axis through its center and overall hexagonal symmetry (space group P6₃/m). Slowly cooling the crystals to 170 K resulted in increased order in the Bi₈ cluster orientations. An ordered structure model in a supercell with a’ = 2a, b’ = 2b, c’ = 3c and the space group P6₅ was refined. The structure resembles a hexagonal perovskite, with complex groups in place of simple ions. KW - bismuth KW - cluster compounds KW - hexagonal perovskite KW - ionic liquids KW - low-valen KW - low-valent compounds KW - order–disorder transition KW - orientational disorder KW - polycations KW - pseudosymmetry Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics7040045 VL - 7 IS - 4 SP - 1 EP - 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Scholz, Tanja A1 - Schöneich, Michael A1 - Schmidt, Peer T1 - Understanding Solid-State Phase-Formation Processes by Usingthe High-Temperature Gas Balance: The Example of Zr₂PTe₂ T2 - European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry N2 - Inorganic solid-state synthesis with phosphorus and tellurium requires a careful control of the reaction parameters because of the high volatility of the components. This initial disadvantage can be used as a benefit for the investigation of phase formation mechanisms by analyzing the individual vapor pressure behavior. The high-temperature gas-balance is introduced as a device for detection of heterogeneous solid-gas equilibria in closed reaction systems. The experimentally challenging synthesis of the phosphide telluride Zr₂PTe₂ is examined as a model system: optimized synthesis runs at lower temperatures (ϑ = 650 °C) in a faster time, while the quantity as well as the crystalline powder quality is increased. A stepwise solid-solid reaction of zirconium and tellurium according to Ostwald's rule of stages and the shrinking core model is revealed while phosphorus sublimes and subsequently condenses to react to the ternary compound. Additional phenomena such as melting, expansion, and mechanical instabilities can be observed that broaden the possibilities of the gas- balance. KW - Thermal analysis KW - High-temperature Gas-balance KW - Chalcogenides KW - Phosphide telluride Y1 - 2019 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/ejic.201900281 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ejic.201900281 IS - 21 SP - 2577 EP - 2582 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grönke, Martin A1 - Pohflepp, Danny A1 - Schmidt, Peer A1 - Valldor, Martin A1 - Oswald, Steffen A1 - Wolf, Daniel A1 - Hao, Qi A1 - Steiner, Udo A1 - Büchner, Bernd A1 - Hampel, Silke T1 - Simulation and synthesis of alpha-MoCl₃ nanosheets on substrates by short time chemical vapor transport T2 - Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects N2 - Alpha-molybdenum(III) chloride (MoCl₃) belongs to layered van-der-Waals materials, which are in focus to exhibit interesting properties due to their weak chemical and magnetic interactions. Especially the structure of alpha-MoCl₃ has been discussed in terms of symmetry breaking dimerization of Mo atoms at room temperature, which might led to exotic ground states. By exploiting the 2D materials characteristics, an investigation of physical properties on the nanoscale is intended. We herein demonstrate the probably first approach to synthesize phase pure, as-grown alpha-MoCl₃ few-layer nanosheets by means of a pure short time chemical vapor transport (CVT) process. Vapor growth benefits from a one-step deposition of high crystalline alpha-MoCl₃ nanosheets without stacking faults on a substrate. Thus, mostly applied subsequent delamination, associated with the introduction of structural defects, becomes redundant. According to the CVT process thermodynamic simulations of gas phase equilibria have been performed and the synthesis conditions could be optimized based on the calculation results. By CVT the as-grown nanolayers are deposited on sapphire (Al₂O₃) substrates by applying a temperature gradient of 70 K from 743 K to 673 K. Single crystalline sheets with thicknesses ≤75 nm down to five layer (3 nm) could be obtained by using a pure CVT process. According to the deposited nanostructures we approve the desired composition, morphology, phase purity and high crystallinity by using several microscopy and spectroscopy techniques. Furthermore, we show micro-RAMAN measurements which hint at a slight increase in phonon energies for nanosheets in comparison to the corresponding bulk phase. KW - Crystal growth KW - Chemical vapor transport KW - 2D layered compounds KW - Halides Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352507X18304888?via%3Dihub#! U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoso.2019.100324 SN - 2352-507X IS - 19 SP - 1 EP - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Brusch, Ines A1 - Schwarz, Benjamin A1 - Schmitt, Rebecca T1 - David versus Goliath - Service Quality Factors for Niche Providers in Online Retailing T2 - Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services N2 - The aim of this study is to identify the service quality factors by which niche providers can differentiate themselves from market leaders in online shopping and successfully operate long term. After theoretical considerations, a research model was developed and empirically tested. The results show that there are differences in the preferences of niche providers and market leaders, such as importance of website features and the breadth and depth of a balanced product portfolio of customers. In addition, the study shows how individual factors can be analyzed in an online shop and which alternative courses of action can be derived. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2019.05.008 SN - 0969-6989 VL - 50 SP - 266 EP - 276 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wachsmuth, Daniel A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Regularization error estimates and discrepancy principle for optimal control problems with inequality constraints T2 - Control and Cybernetics N2 - In this article we study the regularization of optimization problems by Tikhonov regularization. The optimization problems are subject to pointwise inequality constraints in L²(Ω). We derive a-priori regularization error estimates if the regularization parameter as well as the noise level tend to zero. We rely on an assumption that is a combination of a source condition and of a structural assumption on the active sets. Moreover, we introduce a strategy to choose the regularization parameter in dependence of the noise level. We prove convergence of this parameter choice rule with optimal order. KW - source condition KW - discrepancy principle KW - non-smooth optimization KW - convex constraints KW - sparsity KW - regularization error estimates Y1 - 2011 SN - 0324-8569 VL - 40 IS - 4 SP - 1125 EP - 1158 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Santhanakrishnan Balakrishnan, Venkateswaran A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Kuke, Felix A1 - Seidlitz, Holger A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Influence of metal surface preparation on the flexural strength and impact damage behaviour of thermoplastic FRP reinforced metal laminate made by press forming T2 - Composites Part B: Engineering N2 - In this paper the relationship between surface energy and flexural strength of metal laminate made by reinforcing glass fibre reinforced polymer on steel surfaces was investigated. Sand blasting was performed on 22MnB5 steel surface. This steel was stacked together with layers of unidirectional glass/polyamide-6 prepreg, followed by pressing in a hot press. Influenced parameters are pressure, temperature and time. 3D profilometer analysis was used to investigate the roughness profile on the surface of the steel generated by the sand blasting. The surface energy of the steel surface was calculated from a set of contact angles measured by three different liquids. To identify the optimal surface treatment, the variation of surface energy, flexural strength and roughness of the steel surface was determined as function of the surface treatment. Surface roughness (Ra of 1.08 μm), results indicate that increasing surface roughness leads to improvement in flexural modulus. The increase further leads to decrease in flexural modulus. In addition, the influence of surface energy and flexural strength on the impact damage behaviour was investigated too. The results showed that the sample with highest flexural modulus had the lowest impact-induced damage area. KW - Fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) KW - FRP reinforced metal composite KW - Sand blasting surface treatment KW - Surface energy KW - Contact angle Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S135983681930318X U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2019.05.094 SN - 1359-8368 VL - 173 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schneider, Jens A1 - Weiss, Romano A1 - Ruhe, Madeleine A1 - Jung, Tobias A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Stohwasser, Ralf A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Rödiger, Stefan T1 - Open source bioimage informatic tools for the analysis of DNA damage and associated biomarkers T2 - Journal of Laboratory and Precision Medicine KW - bioimage informatics KW - DNA damage response (DDR) KW - double-strand break (DSB) KW - immunofluorescence microscopy KW - open source software KW - proteasome activator PA28gamma Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.21037/jlpm.2019.04.05 SN - 2519-9005 VL - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sesterhenn, Jörn A1 - Shahirpour, Amir T1 - A characteristic dynamic mode decomposition T2 - Theoretical and computational fluid dynamics Y1 - 2019 UR - https://rdcu.be/bCCti U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00162-019-00494-y SN - 1432-2250 VL - 33 IS - 3-4 SP - 281 EP - 305 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zou, Zhihui A1 - Scott, Michael A. A1 - Borden, Michael J. A1 - Thomas, Derek C. A1 - Dornisch, Wolfgang A1 - Brivadis, Ericka T1 - Isogeometric Bézier dual mortaring: Refineable higher-order spline dual bases and weakly continuous geometry T2 - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering N2 - In this paper we develop the isogeometric Bézier dual mortar method. It is based on Bézier extraction and projection and is applicable to any spline space which can be represented in Bézier form (i.e., NURBS, T-splines, LR-splines, etc.). The approach weakly enforces the continuity of the solution at patch interfaces and the error can be adaptively controlled by leveraging the refineability of the underlying slave dual spline basis without introducing any additional degrees of freedom. As a consequence, optimal higher-order convergence rates can be achieved without the need for an expensive shared master/slave segmentation step. We also develop weakly continuous geometry as a particular application of isogeometric Bézier dual mortaring. Weakly continuous geometry is a geometry description where the weak continuity constraints are built into properly modified Bézier extraction operators. As a result, multi-patch models can be processed in a solver directly without having to employ a mortaring solution strategy. We demonstrate the utility of the approach on several challenging benchmark problems. KW - Mortar methods KW - Isogeometric analysis KW - Bézier extraction KW - Bézier projection Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cma.2018.01.023 SN - 0045-7825 VL - 333 SP - 497 EP - 534 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herzog, Roland A1 - Meyer, Christian A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Integrability of displacement and stresses in linear and nonlinear elasticity with mixed boundary conditions T2 - Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications N2 - Equations of linear and nonlinear infinitesimal elasticity with mixed boundary conditionsare considered. The bounded domain is assumed to have a Lipschitz boundary and to satisfy additional regularity assumptions. W^(1,p) regularity for the displacements and L^p regularity for the stresses are proved for some p>2. KW - Nonlinear elasticity KW - Integrability KW - Mixed boundary conditions KW - Discontinuous coefficients Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmaa.2011.04.074 SN - 0022-247X VL - 382 IS - 2 SP - 802 EP - 813 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bonnel, Jean-Marie A1 - Maurer, Michael A1 - Rosert, Reinhard T1 - Submerged-arc surfacing of higt-alloy steels by flux-cored wires T2 - Avtomatičeskaja svarka = Automatic welding N2 - Cored wires are used in numerous welding processes with or without extern al gas or flux shielding. Submerged are welding (SAW) with eored wires, seamed or seamless, for joining mild and low alloyed steel grades is a technique that has demonstrated clear advantages during the three last decades. Ever since its invention, the SAW process has evolved with one main goal: to combine quality with produetivity. With low alloy wires, the benefits have already been clearly demonstrated and widely exploited. However, little has been written on SA Wand cladding with eored wires for eorrosion or he at resisting applieations. Its extension to high alloy eompositions brings eorresponding benefits and adds so me specific and unique features. This paper foeuses on consumable specificities and on the quality and productivity features of SAW with CRA (corrosion resistant alloy) cored wires. It deseribes the potential as weIl as the limitations ofthis technique. Cored wires are now used for submerged are welding of almost aIl stainless steels ranging from soft martensitic to super-duplex, and for aseries of nickel base compositions as weIl as for cladding cobalt base aIloys. Examples of industrial applications with austenitic, duplex, martensitic and heat resisting stainless steels are given to illustrate the potential ofthe eored wire solution. KW - Submerged are welding KW - surfacing KW - cored wire KW - high-alloy steels Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.15407/as2019.06.01 SN - 0005-111X IS - 6 SP - 4 EP - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Harlander, Uwe A1 - Borcia, Ion-Dan A1 - Krebs, Andreas T1 - Nonnormality increases variance of gravity waves trapped in a tilted box T2 - Geophysical & Astrophysical Fluid Dynamics Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/03091929.2018.1549660 SN - 1029-041 VL - 113 IS - 5/6 SP - 602 EP - 622 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ghasemi, Abouzar A1 - Klein, Marten A1 - Will, Andreas A1 - Harlander, Uwe T1 - Mean flow generation by an intermittently unstable boundary layer over a sloping wall T2 - Journal of Fluid Mechanics Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2018.552 SN - 1750-6859 IS - vol. 853 SP - 111 EP - 149 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Larcher, Thomas von A1 - Viazzo, Stephane A1 - Harlander, Uwe A1 - Vincze, Miklos T1 - Instabilities and small-scale waves within the Stewartson layers of a thermally driven rotating annulus T2 - Journal of Fluid Mechanics Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2018.10 SN - 1750-6859 IS - vol. 841 SP - 380 EP - 407 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Biedermann, Till A1 - Czeckay, Pasquale A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Kameier, Frank A1 - Paschereit, Christian Oliver T1 - Effect of Inflow Conditions on the Noise Reduction Through Leading Edge Serrations T2 - AIAA Journal Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2514/1.J057831 SN - 1533-385X VL - 57 IS - 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Savrakidis-Zachou, Orestis A1 - Papandroulakis, Nikos A1 - Sturm, Astrid A1 - Anastasiadis, Panagiotis A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Lika, Konstadia T1 - Towards a computer-based decision support system for aquaculture stakeholders in Greece in the context of climate change T2 - International Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Management and Informatics Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSAMI.2018.099235 SN - 2054-5827 VL - 4 IS - 3/4 SP - 219 EP - 234 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weckherlin, Gernot T1 - Der Neufert. Ein Standardwerk? T1 - 'The Neufert' A Standard Reference? BT - die Zeitschrift der Stiftung Bauhaus Dessau T2 - Bauhaus N2 - Die Gründe für den großen internationalen Erfolg von Ernst Neuferts erstmals 1936 erschienenen Bauentwurfslehre, einem lange wenig beachteten Nachschlagewerk für den Entwurf werden hier analysiert. KW - Entwurfshandbuch KW - Bauentwurfslehre Y1 - 2018 SN - 978-3-95905-225-2 SN - 978-3-95905-226-9 SN - 2191-5105 VL - 8 IS - 10 SP - 72 EP - 77 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kot, Małgorzata A1 - Das, Chittaranjan A1 - Baran, Derya A1 - Saliba, Michael T1 - Themed issue on electronic properties and characterisation of perovskites T2 - Journal of Materials Chemistry C KW - perovskite solar cells KW - electronic properties of perovskites Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/c9tc90085c SN - 2050-7526 SN - 2050-7534 VL - 7 SP - 5224 EP - 5225 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Chen, Lin A1 - Klinkel, Sven A1 - Dornisch, Wolfgang T1 - Hybrid collocation-Galerkin approach for the analysis of surface represented 3D-solids employing SB-FEM T2 - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering N2 - This paper presents a numerical method to solve the three-dimensional elasticity problem of surface represented solids. A surface oriented formulation is derived, in which the three-dimensional solid is described by its boundary surfaces and a radial scaling center. Scaling the boundary surfaces with respect to the scaling center yields a parameterization of the complete solid. The definition of the boundary surfaces is sufficient for the description of the solid. Thus, the formulation conforms ideally to the boundary representation modeling technique used in CAD. In the present approach, no tensor-product structure of three-dimensional objects is exploited to parameterize the physical domain. The weak form of the equation of motion and the weak form of the Neumann boundary conditions are enforced only at the boundary surfaces. It leads to a transformation of the governing partial differential equations of elasticity to an ordinary differential equation (ODE) of Euler type. Solving the ODE leads to the displacement in the radial scaling direction. In the present approach, the isogeometric Galerkin finite element method is employed to describe the geometry of the boundary surfaces and also to approximate the displacement response of the boundary surfaces. It exploits two-dimensional NURBS objects to parameterize the boundary surfaces. The final Euler type ODE is solved by the NURBS based collocation method. The displacement response in the radial scaling direction is approximated by the NURBS basis functions. Hence, the method can be extended to nonlinear problems. The accuracy of the method is validated against analytical solutions. In general, the proposed formulation is able to model solids bounded by an arbitrary number of surfaces. KW - Surface represented solid KW - NURBS basis functions KW - Scaled boundary finite element method KW - Hybrid collocation-Galerkin method Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cma.2015.07.004 SN - 0045-7825 VL - 295 SP - 268 EP - 289 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dornisch, Wolfgang A1 - Vitucci, Gennaro A1 - Klinkel, Sven T1 - The weak substitution method – An application of the mortar method for patch coupling in NURBS-based isogeometric analysis T2 - International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering N2 - In this contribution, a mortar‐type method for the coupling of non‐conforming NURBS (Non‐Uniform Rational B‐spline) surface patches is proposed. The connection of non‐conforming patches with shared degrees of freedom requires mutual refinement, which propagates throughout the whole patch due to the tensor‐product structure of NURBS surfaces. Thus, methods to handle non‐conforming meshes are essential in NURBS‐based isogeometric analysis. The main objective of this work is to provide a simple and efficient way to couple the individual patches of complex geometrical models without altering the variational formulation. The deformations of the interface control points of adjacent patches are interrelated with a master‐slave relation. This relation is established numerically using the weak form of the equality of mutual deformations along the interface. With the help of this relation, the interface degrees of freedom of the slave patch can be condensated out of the system. A natural connection of the patches is attained without additional terms in the weak form. The proposed method is also applicable for nonlinear computations without further measures. Linear and geometrical nonlinear examples show the high accuracy and robustness of the new method. A comparison to reference results and to computations with the Lagrange multiplier method is given. KW - nonlinear isogeometric analysis KW - NURBS KW - domain decomposition KW - weak substitution method KW - multi-patch connection KW - mortar methods Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/nme.4918 SN - 1097-0207 VL - 103 IS - 3 SP - 205 EP - 234 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klinkel, Sven A1 - Chen, Lin A1 - Dornisch, Wolfgang T1 - A NURBS based hybrid collocation-Galerkin method for the analysis of boundary represented solids T2 - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering N2 - The paper is concerned with a new numerical method, NURBS based hybrid collocation–Galerkin method (NURBS-HCGM), to solve the in-plane motion problem of elastic solids. It combines the merits of the so-called scaled boundary finite-element method (SB-FEM) and the isogeometric collocation method. For the analysis, the boundary scaling technique of SB-FEM is adopted. It leads to a formulation, where only the boundary of a structure is discretized. Here, the NURBS basis functions are employed for the description of the geometry of the boundary as well as for the approximation of the displacements at the boundary. This is in accordance with the boundary representation modeling technique, which is commonly employed in computer aided design software. The inner domain is described by a radial scaling parameter. Applying the weak form only in circumferential direction the governing partial differential equations of elasticity are transformed to an ordinary differential equation (ODE) of Euler type, where the unknown displacements are a function of the radial scaling parameter. In the present work a NURBS based collocation scheme is introduced to solve this equation. NURBS basis functions are suggested for the approximation of the displacements in scaling direction. The higher continuity provided by NURBS allows to use collocation to solve the ODE directly instead of using the weak form in scaling direction. The proposed approach is validated by comparison with the eigenvalue solution of the ODE. It is remarked that the eigenvalue solution is restricted to linear problems, whereas the proposed method could be extended to nonlinear problems. In general, the presented formulation will allow to model patches bounded by an arbitrary number of contour boundaries. The accuracy of the proposed approach is analyzed and estimated with respect to analytical solutions. The computational cost is investigated with the help of numerical examples and is compared to isogeometric Galerkin approach. KW - Collocation method KW - NURBS basis functions KW - Scaled boundary finite element method KW - Hybrid collocation–Galerkin method Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cma.2014.10.029 SN - 0045-7825 VL - 284 SP - 689 EP - 711 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dornisch, Wolfgang A1 - Klinkel, Sven T1 - Treatment of Reissner–Mindlin shells with kinks without the need for drilling rotation stabilization in an isogeometric framework T2 - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering N2 - This work presents a framework for the computation of complex geometries containing intersections of multiple patches with Reissner–Mindlin shell elements. The main objective is to provide an isogeometric finite element implementation which neither requires drilling rotation stabilization, nor user interaction to quantify the number of rotational degrees of freedom for every node. For this purpose, the following set of methods is presented. Control points with corresponding physical location are assigned to one common node for the finite element solution. A nodal basis system in every control point is defined, which ensures an exact interpolation of the director vector throughout the whole domain. A distinction criterion for the automatic quantification of rotational degrees of freedom for every node is presented. An isogeometric Reissner–Mindlin shell formulation is enhanced to handle geometries with kinks and allowing for arbitrary intersections of patches. The parametrization of adjacent patches along the interface has to be conforming. The shell formulation is derived from the continuum theory and uses a rotational update scheme for the current director vector. The nonlinear kinematic allows the computation of large deformations and large rotations. Two concepts for the description of rotations are presented. The first one uses an interpolation which is commonly used in standard Lagrange-based shell element formulations. The second scheme uses a more elaborate concept proposed by the authors in prior work, which increases the accuracy for arbitrary curved geometries. Numerical examples show the high accuracy and robustness of both concepts. The applicability of the proposed framework is demonstrated. KW - Isogeometric analysis KW - Geometrical nonlinear Reissner–Mindlin shell KW - NURBS KW - Interpolation of rotations KW - Treatment of kinks KW - Shell not requiring drilling rotation stabilization Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cma.2014.03.017 SN - 0045-7825 VL - 276 SP - 35 EP - 66 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dornisch, Wolfgang A1 - Klinkel, Sven A1 - Simeon, Bernd T1 - Isogeometric Reissner–Mindlin shell analysis with exactly calculated director vectors T2 - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering N2 - An isogeometric Reissner–Mindlin shell derived from the continuum theory is presented. The geometry is described by NURBS surfaces. The kinematic description of the employed shell theory requires the interpolation of the director vector and of a local basis system. Hence, the definition of nodal basis systems at the control points is necessary for the proposed formulation. The control points are in general not located on the shell reference surface and thus, several choices for the nodal values are possible. The proposed new method uses the higher continuity of the geometrical description to calculate nodal basis system and director vectors which lead to geometrical exact interpolated values thereof. Thus, the initial director vector coincides with the normal vector even for the coarsest mesh. In addition to that a more accurate interpolation of the current director and its variation is proposed. Instead of the interpolation of nodal director vectors the new approach interpolates nodal rotations. Account is taken for the discrepancy between interpolated basis systems and the individual nodal basis systems with an additional transformation. The exact evaluation of the initial director vector along with the interpolation of the nodal rotations lead to a shell formulation which yields precise results even for coarse meshes. The convergence behavior is shown to be correct for k-refinement allowing the use of coarse meshes with high orders of NURBS basis functions. This is potentially advantageous for applications with high numerical effort per integration point. The geometrically nonlinear formulation accounts for large rotations. The consistent tangent matrix is derived. Various standard benchmark examples show the superior accuracy of the presented shell formulation. A new benchmark designed to test the convergence behavior for free form surfaces is presented. Despite the higher numerical effort per integration point the improved accuracy yields considerable savings in computation cost for a predefined error bound. KW - Isogeometric analysis KW - Reissner–Mindlin shell KW - NURBS KW - Interpolation of the director Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cma.2012.09.010 SN - 0045-7825 VL - 253 SP - 491 EP - 504 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Yasenchuk, Yuri A1 - Marchenko, Ekaterina A1 - Gunther, Victor A1 - Radkevich, Andrey A1 - Kokorev, Oleg A1 - Gunther, Sergey A1 - Baigonakova, Gulsharat A1 - Hodorenko, Valentina A1 - Chekalkin, Timofey A1 - Kang, Ji-hoon A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Biocompatibility and Clinical Application of Porous TiNi Alloys Made by Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis (SHS) T2 - Materials N2 - Porous TiNi alloys fabricated by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) are biomaterials designed for medical application in substituting tissue lesions and they were clinically deployed more than 30 years ago. The SHS process, as a very fast and economically justified route of powder metallurgy, has distinctive features which impart special attributes to the resultant implant, facilitating its integration in terms of bio-mechanical/chemical compatibility. On the phenomenological level, the fact of high biocompatibility of porous SHS TiNi (PTN) material in vivo has been recognized and is not in dispute presently, but the rationale is somewhat disputable. The features of the SHS TiNi process led to a multifarious intermetallic Ti4Ni2(O,N,C)-based constituents in the amorphous-nanocrystalline superficial layer which entirely conceals the matrix and enhances the corrosion resistance of the unwrought alloy. In the current article, we briefly explore issues of the high biocompatibility level on which additional studies could be carried out, as well as recent progress and key fields of clinical application, yet allowing innovative solutions. KW - porous SHS TiNi KW - biocompatibility KW - rheological similarity KW - corrosion resistance KW - bone substitution Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/12/15/2405/htm#B2-materials-12-02405 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12152405 SN - 1996-1944 VL - 12 IS - 15 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Varrani, Arianna A1 - Nones, Michael A1 - Gupana, Remika T1 - Long-term modelling of fluvial systems at the watershed scale: Examples from three case studies T2 - Journal of Hydrology N2 - To date, many numerical approaches are available in studying water flow and sediment dynamics along rivers from the reach to the watershed scale, based on various simplifications. The aim of the present research is to demonstrate how the so-called “morphodynamic quasi-equilibrium hypothesis” is effective in modelling riverine landscape morphodynamics evolution at the watershed scale, focussing on the long-term changes of longitudinal profile and bed grainsize composition of large alluvial rivers. A lumped 0-D, two-reach, two-grainsize model based on the Local Uniform Flow hypothesis and originally developed for reproducing fluvial changes at the historical time-scale, has been applied to three large watercourses to reproduce their long-term evolution, performing a sensitivity analysis based on the present conditions. Three morphometric parameters were analysed, aiming to describe the evolution of the longitudinal profile (concavity and aggrading) and the grainsize composition of the river bed (fining). Though the 0-D approach does not allow for a spatial distribution of the input parameters, namely the liquid and solid discharge, the modelling outcomes show reasonably good qualitative trends. At the scale of analysis (centuries to millennia) and for the chosen large sedimentary systems (thousands of kilometres long), which show high inertia to geomorphological changes likely owing to their longitudinal scale, the model can be helpful in detecting where the present conditions reflect a big disturbance to the “natural” trend. This initial detection method can provide additional insights in evaluating the capability of actual rivers to respond to the present external forcing, eventually reaching a quasi-stable configuration. KW - 0-D model KW - Riverbed aggrading KW - Riverbed fining KW - Congo River KW - Large rivers KW - Mississippi River KW - Morphodynamic equilibrium KW - Orinoco River KW - River concavity Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2019.05.012 SN - 0022-1694 VL - 574 SP - 1042 EP - 1052 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Magbalot-Fernandez, Alminda A1 - He, Qianwen A1 - Molkenthin, Frank T1 - Effect of Climate Change in the Stream Flow, Crop Yields and NP Levels at White Oak Bayou Watershed Using SWAT simulation: A Case Study T2 - Asian Journal of Geographical Research N2 - Projected changes in temperature due to global climate change may have serious impacts on hydrologic processes, water resources availability, irrigation water demand, and thereby affecting the agricultural production and productivity. Therefore, understanding the impacts of climate change on crop production and water resources is of utmost importance for developing possible adaptation strategies. The White Oak Bayou, one of the several waterways that give Houston, Texas, United States its popular nickname "The Bayou City" was selected in this case study. SWAT model is process based and can simulate the hydrological cycle, crop yield, soil erosion and nutrient transport. It is operated with an interface in ArcView GIS using raster or vector datasets including the digital elevation model (DEM), soil properties, vegetation, LULC, and meteorological observations observed which were derived from the Consortium for Geospatial Information, National Cooperative Soil Survey, National Land Cover Database 2006, NCEP Climate Forecast System Reanalysis and USGS website in 2005-2008. The climate change scenario was based on the projected increase in temperature by the IPCC by 2100. This case study showed a decrease in streamflow from observed actual scenario (2005-2008) to projected increase of 4°C temperature in future climate change scenario by 2100. The evapotranspiration increased but there was a decrease in surface runoff and percolation. Moreover, there were greater average plant biomass and more average plant yields. Hence, the nitrogen and phosphorus uptake and removed in yield increased. Thus, the total nitrogen decreased while the total phosphorus is zero indicating loss of the Phosphorus content in the soil. Yet, this case study needs to be validated and calibrated with actual data to support the projected outcome. KW - SWAT KW - climate change KW - watershed KW - crop yield KW - nitrogen KW - phosphorus KW - streamflow Y1 - 2019 UR - http://journalajgr.com/index.php/AJGR/article/view/30083 VL - 2 IS - 2 SP - 1 EP - 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sut-Lohmann, Magdalena A1 - Knoop, Christine A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Effect of the post treatments for biowaste‐based digestateson water solubility of nutrients and iron‐cyanide (Fe‐CN)complex mobility T2 - Land Degradation & Development N2 - With recent policy developments, an increase in organic waste utilization is expected. However, the use of organic amendments to reduce the mobility of iron‐cyanide (Fe‐CN) complexes and simultaneously promote vegetation growth has not been studied before. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of (a) drying, (b) composting, and (c) pelletizing on the ability of digestates (biowastes from an anaerobic treatment of municipal organic waste) to provide easily available nutrients and stabilize Fe‐CN complexes. Extraction with deionized water resulted in a considerably higher nutrient and carbon elution from air‐dried and oven‐dried digestates (50% dry matter [DM] of total K, 11% DM Mg, 7% DM Ca, and 6% DM C). Mixer‐pelletized digestates stand out among the composted samples (42% of total K, 3% DM C, 5% DM P, 1.5% DM Mg, and 1% DM Ca). The adsorption experiment showed the highest significant tot. CN conc. reduction using noncomposted, air‐dried (100%), and oven‐dried (82%) digestates. Significant correlations have been found for Mg, Ca, and dissolved organic carbon elution and slightly acidic pH as well as CN adsorption. The Fourier transform infrared analysis revealed Fe‐CN complexation on inorganic (K₂Mn[Feᴵᴵ(CN)₆] and NH₄Fe[Feᴵᴵ(CN)₆]) and organic constituents indicating formation of nitriles. Air‐ and oven‐dried digestates showed the most promising results in terms of nutrients' availability and ability to decrease Fe‐CN complex mobility. Y1 - 2019 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ldr.3336 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.3336 SN - 1099-145X VL - 30 IS - 13 SP - 1545 EP - 1553 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Averkov, Gennadiy A1 - Bröcker, Ludwig T1 - Minimal polynomial descriptions of polyhedra and special semialgebraic sets T2 - Advances in geometry N2 - We show that a d-dimensional polyhedron S in Rd can be represented by d-polynomial inequalities, that is, S = fx 2 Rd : p0(x) 0; : : : ; pd(x) 0g, where p0; : : : ; pd1 are appropriate polynomials. Furthermore, if an elementary closed semialgebraic set S is given by polynomials q1; : : : ; qk and for each x 2 S at most s of these polynomials vanish in x, then S can be represented by s + 1 polynomials (and by s polynomials) KW - Hörmander–Łojasiewicz’s Inequality KW - polyhedron KW - polynomial KW - polytope KW - semialge-braic set KW - stability index KW - Theorem of Bröcker and Scheiderer Y1 - 2012 UR - https://www.degruyter.com/view/j/advg.2012.12.issue-3/advgeom-2011-059/advgeom-2011-059.xml U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/advgeom-2011-059 SN - 1615-715X SN - 1615-7168 VL - 12 IS - 3 SP - 447 EP - 459 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Averkov, Gennadiy A1 - Wagner, Christian T1 - Inequalities for the lattice width of lattice-free convex sets in the plane T2 - Beiträge zur Algebra und Geometrie N2 - A closed, convex set K in R2 with non-empty interior is called lattice-free if the interior of K is disjoint with Z2. In this paper we study the relation between the area and the lattice width of a planar lattice-free convex set in the general and centrally symmetric case. A correspondence between lattice width on the one hand and covering minima on the other, allows us to reformulate our results in terms of covering minima introduced by Kannan and Lovász (Ann Math (2) 128(3):577–602, 1988). We obtain a sharp upper bound for the area for any given value of the lattice width. The lattice-free convex sets satisfying the upper bound are characterized. Lower bounds are studied as well. Parts of our results are applied in Averkov et al. (Maximal lattice-free polyhedra: finiteness and an explicit description in dimension three, http://arxiv.org/abs/1010.1077, 2010) for cutting plane generation in mixed integer linear optimization, which was the original inducement for this paper. We further rectify a result of Kannan and Lovász (Ann Math (2) 128(3):577–602, 1988) with a new proof. KW - Area Convex set KW - Covering minimum KW - Inhomogeneous minimum KW - Lattice-free body KW - Lattice width Y1 - 2012 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs13366-011-0028-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s13366-011-0028-8 SN - 2191-0383 SN - 0138-4821 VL - 53 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 23 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Averkov, Gennadiy T1 - A proof of Lovászs theorem on maximal lattice-free sets T2 - Beiträge zur Algebra und Geometrie N2 - Let K be a maximal lattice-free set in Rd , that is, K is convex and closed subset of Rd , the interior of K does not contain points of Zd and K is inclusion-maximal with respect to the above properties. A result of Lovász asserts that if K is d-dimensional, then K is a polyhedron with at most 2 d facets, and the recession cone of K is a linear space spanned by vectors from Zd . A first complete proof of mentioned Lovász’s result has been published in a paper of Basu, Conforti, Cornuéjols and Zambelli (where the authors use Dirichlet’s approximation as a tool). The aim of this note is to give another proof of this result. Our proof relies on Minkowki’s first fundamental theorem from the geometry of numbers. We remark that the result of Lovász is relevant in integer and mixed-integer optimization. KW - Cutting plane KW - Lattice-free set KW - Lovász’s theorem Y1 - 2013 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs13366-012-0092-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s13366-012-0092-8 SN - 2191-0383 SN - 0138-4821 VL - 54 IS - 1 SP - 105 EP - 109 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Averkov, Gennadiy A1 - Conforti, Michelle A1 - Del Pia, Alberto A1 - Di Summa, Marco A1 - Faenza, Yuri T1 - On the convergence of the affine hull of the Chvátal-Gomory closures T2 - SIAM journal on discrete mathematics N2 - Given an integral polyhedron $P\subseteq\mathbb{R}^n$ and a rational polyhedron $Q\subseteq\mathbb{R}^n$ containing the same integer points as $P$, we investigate how many iterations of the Chvátal--Gomory closure operator have to be performed on $Q$ to obtain a polyhedron contained in the affine hull of $P$. We show that if $P$ contains an integer point in its relative interior, then such a number of iterations can be bounded by a function depending only on $n$. On the other hand, we prove that if $P$ is not full-dimensional and does not contain any integer point in its relative interior, then no finite bound on the number of iterations exists. KW - affine hul KW - Chvátal–Gomory closure KW - Chvátal rank KW - cutting plane KW - integral polyhe-dron Y1 - 2013 UR - https://epubs.siam.org/doi/10.1137/120898371 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1137/120898371 SN - 1095-7146 SN - 0895-4801 VL - 27 IS - 3 SP - 1492 EP - 1502 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Averkov, Gennadiy T1 - On maximal S-free sets and the helly number for the family of S-convex sets T2 - SIAM journal on discrete mathematics N2 - We study two combinatorial parameters, which we denote by f(S) and h(S), associated with an arbitrary set S ⊆ Rd, where d ∈ N. In the nondegenerate situation, f(S) is the largest possible number of facets of a d-dimensional polyhedron L such that the interior of L is disjoint with S and L is inclusion-maximal with respect to this property. The parameter h(S) is the Helly number of the family of all sets that can be given as the intersection of S with a convex subset of Rd. We obtain the inequality f(S) ≤ h(S) for an arbitrary S, and the equality f(S) = h(S) for every discrete S. Furthermore, motivated by research in integer and mixed-integer optimization, we show that 2d is the sharp upper bound on f(S) in the case S = (Zd × Rn) ∩ C, where n ≥ 0 and C ⊆ Rd+n is convex. The presented material generalizes and unifies results of various authors, including the result h(Zd) = 2d of Doignon, the related result f(Zd) = 2d of Lov´asz, and the inequality f(Zd ∩ C) ≤ 2d, which has recently been proved for every convex set C ⊆ Rd by Mor´an and Dey. KW - cutting plane KW - Doignon’s theorem KW - Helly’s theorem KW - Helly number KW - intersection cut KW - lattice-free set KW - S-convex set KW - S-free set Y1 - 2013 UR - https://epubs.siam.org/doi/10.1137/110850463 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1137/110850463 SN - 0895-4801 SN - 1095-7146 VL - 27 IS - 3 SP - 1610 EP - 1624 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Averkov, Gennadiy T1 - Constructive Proofs of some Positivstellensätze for Compact Semialgebraic Subsets of R d T2 - Journal of optimization theory and applications N2 - In a broad sense, positivstellensätze are results about representations of polynomials, strictly positive on a given set. We give proofs of some known positivstellensätze for compact semialgebraic subsets of ℝ d , which are to a large extent constructive and elementary. The presented proofs extend and simplify arguments of Berr, Wörmann (Manuscripta Math. 104(2):135–143, 2001) and Schweighofer (J. Pure Appl. Algebra 166(3):307–319, 2002; SIAM J. Optim. 15(3):805–825, 2005). KW - Polytope KW - Positivstellensatz KW - Preordering KW - Semiring KW - Quadratic module Y1 - 2013 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10957-012-0261-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10957-012-0261-9 SN - 1573-2878 SN - 0022-3239 VL - 158 IS - 2 SP - 410 EP - 418 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grönke, Martin A1 - Arrozi, Ubed S. F. A1 - Bronkalla, Nadine A1 - Schmidt, Peer A1 - Valldor, Martin A1 - Oswald, Steffen A1 - Woodcock, Thomas G. A1 - Eckert, Victoria A1 - Hao, Qi A1 - Plüschke, Laura A1 - Lederer, Albena A1 - Nielsch, Kornelius A1 - Büchner, Bernd A1 - Kaskel, Stefan A1 - Hampel, Silke T1 - Layered α-TiCl₃: Microsheets on YSZ Substrates for Ethylene Polymerization with Enhanced Activity T2 - Chemistry of Materials N2 - The transition metal halide α-titanium(III) chloride (α-TiCl₃) is a layered two-dimensional compound and a well-established Ziegler–Natta catalyst for the polymerization of ethylene. A new synthesis technique is used to obtain thin sheets of α-TiCl₃ that show exceptional physical properties in contrast to their bulk counterparts, due to an enlarged surface-to-volume ratio. Chemical vapor transport (CVT) of α-titanium(III) chloride directly on substrates results in microsheets that exhibit an improved catalytic effect. For rational planning of synthesis conditions, thermodynamic simulations of occurring gas-phase equilibria were performed. Based on these calculation results, crystal growth was achieved by adding GaCl₃via pure short term CVT in a temperature gradient of 700–600 K on yttrium-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) substrates. Phase pure, as-grown, single crystal sheets with high crystallinity and a thickness of around 4 μm were obtained. These thin sheets of α-TiCl₃ on YSZ substrates were implemented as catalysts for the ethylene polymerization reaction. A significant improvement of catalytic activity of 16% was achieved, probably due to an increased surface-to-volume ratio. As a highlight, the as-grown microsheets were exfoliated subsequently to a thickness lower than 200 nm and an even higher catalytic activity of up to 24% was confirmed experimentally due to delamination effects. This is the first time that an improved catalytic effect of α-TiCl₃ is observed as a result of downscaling from bulk to microsheets by CVT. KW - Crystal growth KW - Chemical vapor transport KW - Thermodynamic modeling KW - 2D layered compounds KW - Halides KW - Nanocrystals (1) Y1 - 2019 UR - https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.chemmater.9b01818 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.9b01818 VL - 31 IS - 14 SP - 5305 EP - 5313 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Khanian, Maryam A1 - Sharifi Boroujerdi, Ali A1 - Breuß, Michael T1 - Photometric stereo for strong specular highlights T2 - Computational Visual Media N2 - Photometric stereo is a fundamental technique in computer vision known to produce 3D shape with high accuracy. It uses several input images of a static scene taken from one and the same camera position but under varying illumination. The vast majority of studies in this 3D reconstruction method assume orthographic projection for the camera model. In addition, they mainly use the Lambertian reflectance model as the way that light scatters at surfaces. Thus, providing reliable photometric stereo results from real world objects still remains a challenging task. We address 3D reconstruction by use of a more realistic set of assumptions, combining for the first time the complete Blinn–Phong reflectance model and perspective projection. Furthermore, we compare two different methods of incorporating the perspective projection into our model. Experiments are performed on both synthetic and real world images; the latter do not benefit from laboratory conditions. The results show the high potential of our method even for complex real world applications such as medical endoscopy images which may include many specular highlights. KW - photometric stereo (PS) KW - complete Blinn–Phong model KW - perspective projection KW - diffuse reflection KW - specular reflection Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s41095-017-0101-9 SN - 2096-0433 SN - 2096-0662 VL - 4 IS - 1 SP - 83 EP - 102 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Scholaske, Laura A1 - Brose, Annette A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Entringer, Sonja T1 - Perceived discrimination and risk of preterm birth among Turkish immigrant women in Germany T2 - Social Science & Medicine N2 - Background: Health disparities, including adverse birth outcomes, exist between Turkish immigrants and the autochthonous population in Germany. The state of research on the risk of preterm birth (PTB, defined as <37 weeks of gestation), the leading cause of infant mortality and morbidity, among Turkish immigrant women is mixed. Perceived discrimination is discussed in the context of health disparities related to migration. We examined whether PTB risk is also increased in Turkish immigrant women in Germany and whether perceived discrimination due to origin contributes to this risk. Methods: We selected a sample from the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) study of German autochthonous and Turkish immigrant women who recently gave birth (between 2002 and 2016) (N = 2,525, incl. n = 217 Turkish immigrant women of which n = 111 completed an item on perceived discrimination). The included variables of central interest were immigrant status, perceived discrimination, gestational age, and socioeconomic situation. Results: Logistic regression models indicated that PTB risk was significantly higher for Turkish immigrant women than autochthonous women (OR: 2.75, 95% CI [1.79–4.16]), even when adjusting for socioeconomic status. Within the subsample of Turkish immigrant women, perceived discrimination was related to a significantly higher PTB risk (OR: 4.91, 95% CI [1.76–15.06]). Conclusions: Our study provides evidence for a higher PTB risk in Turkish immigrant women compared to autochthonous women in Germany. Perceived discrimination may contribute to this higher risk. The findings represent an important first step towards developing targeted interventions to improve pregnancy and birth outcomes in minority groups. KW - Perceived discrimination KW - Preterm birth KW - Turkish immigrants KW - Health disparities Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.112427 SN - 0277-9536 SN - 1873-5347 SN - 0037-7856 VL - 236 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bühler, Daniel T1 - Let Truth be the Prejudice? Multimodale Diskursanalyse zur ‚Wahrheit‘ fotografischer Bilder am Beispiel der Agentur Magnum Photos T2 - Diskurse - digital N2 - Im vorliegenden Aufsatz wird die multimodale Diskursanalyse nach Gunther Kress beschrieben. Sie zeichnet sich unter anderem dadurch aus, dass sie nicht ausschließlich schriftsprachliche Materialisierungen von Diskursen untersucht. Sie untersucht auch weitere Modi, z. B. Bilder. Der Beitrag stellt zentrale Aspekte der multimodalen Diskursanalyse vor und diskutiert den Begriff der Modalität, welcher die Frage der Wahrheit anspricht. Anhand eines Beispiels wird ein mögliches Vorgehen bei einer multimodalen Diskursanalyse vorgestellt. Untersucht wird das Diskursfeld zur ‚Wahrheit‘ fotografischer Bilder in der professionellen fotografischen Praxis. Gegenstand ist die Agentur Magnum Photos. Erläutert wird, wie ein Korpus aus den textförmigen Veröffentlichungen sowie den Bildern in der agentureigenen Online-Bilddatenbank erstellt werden kann. Des Weiteren wird gezeigt, wie sich Diskurse als Gestaltungsmuster in den Bildern niederschlagen. KW - Multimodale Diskursanalyse KW - Magnum Photos KW - Fotografie KW - Wahrheit KW - Online-Datenbank Y1 - 2019 UR - https://majournals.bib.uni-mannheim.de/diskurse-digital/article/view/100 SN - 2627-9304 VL - 1 IS - 3 SP - 111 EP - 131 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kikis, Georgia A1 - Dornisch, Wolfgang A1 - Klinkel, Sven T1 - Adjusted approximation spaces for the treatment of transverse shear locking in isogeometric Reissner–Mindlin shell analysis T2 - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering N2 - Transverse shear locking is an issue that occurs in Reissner–Mindlin plate and shell elements. It leads to an artificial stiffening of the system and to oscillations in the stress resultants for thin structures. The thinner the structure is, the more pronounced are the effects. Since transverse shear locking is caused by a mismatch in the approximation spaces of the displacements and the rotations, a field-consistent approach is proposed for an isogeometric degenerated Reissner–Mindlin shell formulation. The efficiency and accuracy of the method is investigated for benchmark plate and shell problems. A comparison to element formulations with locking alleviation methods from the literature is provided. KW - Isogeometric analysis KW - Reissner–Mindlin shells KW - Transverse shear locking KW - Adjusted approximation spaces Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cma.2019.05.037 SN - 0045-7825 VL - 354 SP - 850 EP - 870 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dornisch, Wolfgang A1 - Schrade, David A1 - Xu, Bai-Xiang A1 - Keip, Marc-André A1 - Müller, Ralf T1 - Coupled phase field simulations of ferroelectric and ferromagnetic layers in multiferroic heterostructures T2 - Archive of Applied Mechanics N2 - The combination of materials with either pronounced ferroelectric or ferromagnetic effect characterizes multiferroic heterostructures, whereby the different materials can be arranged in layers, columns or inclusions. The magnetization can be controlled by the application of electrical fields through a purely mechanical coupling at the interfaces between the different materials. Thus, a magneto-electric coupling effect is obtained. Within a continuum mechanics formulation, a phase field is used to describe the polarization and the magnetization in the ferroelectric and ferromagnetic layers, respectively. The coupling between polarization/magnetization and strains within the layers, in combination with the mechanical coupling at the sharp layer interfaces, yields the magneto-electric coupling within the heterostructure. The continuum formulations for both layers are discretized in order to make the differential equations amenable to a numerical solution with the finite element method. A state-of-the-art approach is used for the ferroelectric layer. The material behavior of the ferromagnetic layer is described by a continuum formulation from the literature, which is discretized using a newly proposed approach for the consistent interpolation of the magnetization vector. Four numerical examples are presented which show the applicability of the newly proposed approach for the ferromagnetic layer as well as the possibility to simulate magneto-electric coupling in multiferroic heterostructures. KW - Multiferroic heterostructure KW - Phase field method KW - Ferroelectric material KW - Ferromagnetic material KW - Finite element method KW - Rotation interpolation Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00419-018-1480-9 SN - 0939-1533 SN - 1432-0681 VL - 89 IS - 6 SP - 1031 EP - 1056 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nadgir, Omkar A1 - Dornisch, Wolfgang A1 - Müller, Ralf A1 - Keip, Marc-André T1 - A phase-field model for transversely isotropic ferroelectrics T2 - Archive of Applied Mechanics N2 - We propose an electro-mechanically coupled phase-field model for ferroelectric materials that show cubic–tetragonal phase transition. The cubic phase is idealized by an isotropic formulation, and the tetragonal phase is idealized by a transversely isotropic formulation. We consider a classical phase-field model with Ginzburg–Landau-type evolution of the order parameter. The order parameter drives the transition of all involved moduli tensors such as elastic, dielectric and piezoelectric moduli, which in turn maintain their typical features and stability as a result of a selected phase-transition function. The model is described in coordinate-invariant form and implemented into a finite element framework with implicit time integration of the evolution equation. Representative numerical examples in two and three dimensions demonstrate the main features of the constitutive model and the numerical stability of the formulation. KW - Phase-field modeling KW - Ferroelectrics KW - Ginzburg–Landau equation KW - Transverse isotropy KW - Numerical simulations Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00419-019-01543-y SN - 0939-1533 SN - 1432-0681 VL - 89 IS - 6 SP - 1057 EP - 1068 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dornisch, Wolfgang A1 - Stöckler, Joachim A1 - Müller, Ralf T1 - Dual and approximate dual basis functions for B-splines and NURBS – Comparison and application for an efficient coupling of patches with the isogeometric mortar method T2 - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering N2 - This contribution defines and compares different methods for the computation of dual basis functions for B-splines and Non-Uniform Rational B-splines (NURBS). They are intended to be used as test functions for the isogeometric mortar method, but other fields of application are possible, too. Three different concepts are presented and compared. The first concept is the explicit formula for the computation of dual basis functions for NURBS proposed in the work of Carl de Boor. These dual basis functions entail minimal support, i.e., the support of the dual basis functions is equal to the support of the corresponding B-spline basis functions. In the second concept dual basis functions are derived from the inversion of the Gram matrix. These dual basis functions have global support along the interface. The third concept is the use of approximate dual basis functions, which were initially proposed for the use in harmonic analysis. The support of these functions is local but larger than the support of the associated B-spline basis functions. We propose an extension of the approximate dual basis functions for NURBS basis functions. After providing the general formulas, we elaborate explicit expressions for several degrees of spline basis functions. All three approaches are applied in the frame of the mortar method for the coupling of non-conforming NURBS patches. A method which allows complex discretizations with multiple intersecting interfaces is presented. Numerical examples show that the explicitly defined dual basis functions with minimal support severely deteriorate the global stress convergence behavior of the mechanical analysis. This fact is in accordance with mathematical findings in literature, which state that the optimal reproduction degree of arbitrary functions is not possible without extending the support of the dual basis functions. The dual basis functions computed from the inverse of the Gram matrix yield accurate numerical results but the global support yields significantly higher computational costs in comparison to computations of conforming meshes. Only the approximate dual basis functions yield accurate and efficient computations, where neither accuracy nor efficiency is significantly deteriorated in comparison to computations of conforming meshes. All basic cases of T-intersections and star-intersections are studied. Furthermore, an example which combines all basic cases in a complex discretization is given. The applicability of the presented method for the nonlinear case and for shell formulations is shown with the help of one numerical example. KW - Isogeometric analysis KW - Dual basis functions for NURBS KW - Optimal convergence KW - Mortar method KW - Coupling of non-conforming meshes KW - Approximate dual basis functions for NURBS Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cma.2016.07.038 SN - 0045-7825 VL - 316 SP - 449 EP - 496 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gravenkamp, Hauke A1 - Natarajan, Sundarajan A1 - Dornisch, Wolfgang T1 - On the use of NURBS-based discretizations in the scaled boundary finite element method for wave propagation problems T2 - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering N2 - We discuss the application of non-uniform rational B-splines (NURBS) in the scaled boundary finite element method (SBFEM) for the solution of wave propagation problems at rather high frequencies. We focus on the propagation of guided waves along prismatic structures of constant cross-section. Comparisons are made between NURBS-based discretizations and high-order spectral elements in terms of the achievable convergence rates. We find that for the same order of shape functions, NURBS can lead to significantly smaller errors compared with Lagrange polynomials. The difference becomes particularly important at very high frequencies, where spectral elements are prone to instabilities. Furthermore, we analyze the behavior of NURBS for the discretization of curved boundaries, where the benefit of exact geometry representation becomes crucial even in the low-frequency range. KW - Isogeometric analysis KW - caled boundary finite element method KW - Wave propagation KW - Spectral elements KW - NURBS Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cma.2016.11.030 SN - 0045-7825 VL - 315 SP - 867 EP - 880 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sobota, Paul M. A1 - Dornisch, Wolfgang A1 - Müller, Ralf A1 - Klinkel, Sven T1 - Implicit dynamic analysis using an iso- geometric Reissner–Mindlin shell formulation T2 - International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering N2 - In isogeometric analysis, identical basis functions are used for geometrical representation and analysis. In this work, non‐uniform rational basis splines basis functions are applied in an isoparametric approach. An isogeometric Reissner–Mindlin shell formulation for implicit dynamic calculations using the Galerkin method is presented. A consistent as well as a lumped matrix formulation is implemented. The suitability of the developed shell formulation for natural frequency analysis is demonstrated by a numerical example. In a second set of examples, transient problems of plane and curved geometries undergoing large deformations in combination with nonlinear material behavior are investigated. Via a zero‐thickness stress algorithm for arbitrary material models, a J2‐plasticity constitutive law is implemented. In the numerical examples, the effectiveness, robustness, and superior accuracy of a continuous interpolation method of the shell director vector is compared with experimental results and alternative numerical approaches. KW - isogeometric analysis KW - Reissner–Mindlin shell KW - NURBS KW - nonlinear material behavior KW - Structural vibrations KW - implicit dynamics KW - continuous director vector interpolation Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/nme.5429 SN - 1097-0207 VL - 110 IS - 9 SP - 803 EP - 825 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dornisch, Wolfgang A1 - Müller, Ralf A1 - Klinkel, Sven T1 - An efficient and robust rotational formulation for isogeometric Reissner–Mindlin shell elements T2 - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering N2 - This work is concerned with the development of an efficient and robust isogeometric Reissner–Mindlin shell formulation for the mechanical simulation of thin-walled structures. Such structures are usually defined by non-uniform rational B-splines (NURBS) surfaces in industrial design software. The usage of isogeometric shell elements can avoid costly conversions from NURBS surfaces to other surface or volume geometry descriptions. The shell formulation presented in this contribution uses a continuous orthogonal rotation described by Rodrigues’ tensor in every integration point to compute the current director vector. The rotational state is updated in a multiplicative manner. Large deformations and finite rotations can be described accurately. The proposed formulation is robust in terms of stable convergence behavior in the nonlinear equilibrium iteration for large load steps and geometries with large and arbitrary curvature, and in terms of insensitivity to shell intersections with kinks under small angles. Three different integration schemes and their influence on accuracy and computational costs are assessed. The efficiency and robustness of the proposed isogeometric shell formulation is shown with the help of several examples. Accuracy and efficiency is compared to an isogeometric shell formulation with the more common discrete rotational concept and to Lagrange-based finite element shell formulations. The competitiveness of the proposed isogeometric shell formulation in terms of computational costs to attain a pre-defined error level is shown. KW - Isogeometric analysis KW - Geometrically nonlinear Reissner–Mindlin shell KW - NURBS KW - Interpolation of rotations KW - Numerical integration Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cma.2016.01.018 SN - 0045-7825 VL - 303 SP - 1 EP - 34 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tankova, Trayana A1 - Silva, Luís Simões da A1 - Balakrishnam, Marimuthu A1 - Rodrigues, Dulce A1 - Launert, Benjamin A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Tun, Tin Yadanar T1 - Residual stresses in welded I section steel members T2 - Engineering Structures N2 - Residual stresses have major influence on the stability of steel members. It is well-known that, due to the differences in manufacturing procedures, the residual stresses for welded and hot – rolled members are rather different. In the same way, despite several studies on residual stresses distribution and magnitude for hot-rolled members were already done, for prismatic and tapered welded I section steel members the investigation is still very scarce. In the current work, an experimental programme on the buckling resistance of tapered members, with different tapering ratios and section heights, was conducted and residual stress measurements were carried out using the sectioning method. Numerical simulations of the heat input during welding were also performed in order to predict the residual stress fields. A statistical analysis of the residual stresses distribution for welded I section members was performed, using the experimental and numerical results, as well as literature data. Systematized information on residual stresses distribution and magnitude was generated and some guidelines for the statistical characterization of residual stresses in welded members were proposed. KW - Residual stresses KW - Welded sections KW - Steel KW - Eurocode 3 KW - Stability KW - Welding simulation KW - I section KW - Experimental tests Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.109398 SN - 0141-0296 VL - 197 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maurer, Daniel A1 - Ju, Yong Chul A1 - Breuß, Michael A1 - Bruhn, Andrés T1 - Combining Shape from Shading and Stereo: A Joint Variational Method for Estimating Depth, Illumination and Albedo T2 - International Journal of Computer Vision N2 - Shape from shading (SfS) and stereo are two fundamentally different strategies for image-based 3-D reconstruction. While approaches for SfS infer the depth solely from pixel intensities, methods for stereo are based on a matching process that establishes correspondences across images. This difference in approaching the reconstruction problem yields complementary advantages that are worthwhile being combined. So far, however, most “joint” approaches are based on an initial stereo mesh that is subsequently refined using shading information. In this paper we follow a completely different approach. We propose a joint variational method that combines both cues within a single minimisation framework. To this end, we fuse a Lambertian SfS approach with a robust stereo model and supplement the resulting energy functional with a detail-preserving anisotropic second-order smoothness term. Moreover, we extend the resulting model in such a way that it jointly estimates depth, albedo and illumination. This in turn makes the approach applicable to objects with non-uniform albedo as well as to scenes with unknown illumination. Experiments for synthetic and real-world images demonstrate the benefits of our combined approach: They not only show that our method is capable of generating very detailed reconstructions, but also that joint approaches are feasible in practice. KW - Stereo reconstruction KW - Shape from Shading KW - Variational methods KW - Illumination estimation KW - Albedo estimation KW - Joint reasoning Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-018-1079-1 SN - 0920-5691 SN - 1573-1405 VL - 126 IS - 12 SP - 1342 EP - 1366 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Breuß, Michael A1 - Kemm, Friedemann A1 - Vogel, Oliver T1 - A numerical study of Newton interpolation with extremely high degrees T2 - Kybernetika : international journal published by Institute of Information Theory and Automation N2 - In current textbooks the use of Chebyshev nodes with Newton interpolation is advocated as the most efficient numerical interpolation method in terms of approximation accuracy and computational effort. However, we show numerically that the approximation quality obtained by Newton interpolation with Fast Leja (FL) points is competitive to the use of Chebyshev nodes, even for extremely high degree interpolation. This is an experimental account of the analytic result that the limit distribution of FL points and Chebyshev nodes is the same when letting the number of points go to infinity. Since the FL construction is easy to perform and allows to add interpolation nodes on the fly in contrast to the use of Chebyshev nodes, our study suggests that Newton interpolation with FL points is currently the most efficient numerical technique for polynomial interpolation. Moreover, we give numerical evidence that any reasonable function can be approximated up to machine accuracy by Newton interpolation with FL points if desired, which shows the potential of this method. KW - polynomial interpolation KW - Newton interpolation KW - interpolation nodes KW - Chebyshev nodes KW - Leja ordering KW - fast Leja points Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.14736/kyb-2018-2-0279 SN - 0023-5954 VL - 54 IS - 2 SP - 279 EP - 288 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zanoun, El-Sayed A1 - Egbers, Christoph A1 - Örli, Ramis A1 - Fiorini, Tommaso A1 - Bellani, Gabriele A1 - Talamelli, Alessandro T1 - Experimental evaluation of the mean momentum and kinetic energy balance equations in turbulent pipe flows at high Reynolds number T2 - Journal of Turbulence Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/14685248.2019.1628968 SN - 1468-5248 VL - 20 IS - 5 SP - 285 EP - 299 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Averkov, Gennadiy A1 - Basu, Amitabh T1 - Lifting properties of maximal lattice-free polyhedra T2 - Mathematical Programming N2 - We study the uniqueness of minimal liftings of cut-generating functions obtained from maximal lattice-free polyhedra. We prove a basic invariance property of unique minimal liftings for general maximal lattice-free polyhedra. This generalizes a previous result by Basu et al. (Math Oper Res 37(2):346–355, 2012) for simplicial maximal lattice-free polytopes, thus completely settling this fundamental question about lifting for maximal lattice-free polyhedra. We further give a very general iterative construction to get maximal lattice-free polyhedra with the unique-lifting property in arbitrary dimensions. This single construction not only obtains all previously known polyhedra with the unique-lifting property, but goes further and vastly expands the known list of such polyhedra. Finally, we extend characterizations from Basu et al. (2012) about lifting with respect to maximal lattice-free simplices to more general polytopes. These nontrivial generalizations rely on a number of results from discrete geometry, including the Venkov-Alexandrov-McMullen theorem on translative tilings and characterizations of zonotopes in terms of central symmetry of their faces. Y1 - 2015 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10107-015-0865-6 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10107-015-0865-6 SN - 0025-5610 VL - 154 IS - 1-2 SP - 81 EP - 111 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Averkov, Gennadiy A1 - Krümpelmann, Jan A1 - Nill, Benjamin T1 - Largest integral simplices with one interior integral point - solution of Hensley's conjecture and related results T2 - Advances in Mathematic N2 - For each dimension d, d-dimensional integral simplices with exactly one interior integral point have bounded volume. This was first shown by Hensley. Explicit volume bounds were determined by Hensley, Lagarias and Ziegler, Pikhurko, and Averkov. In this paper we determine the exact upper volume bound for such simplices and characterize the volume-maximizing simplices. We also determine the sharp upper bound on the coefficient of asymmetry of an integral polytope with a single interior integral point. This result confirms a conjecture of Hensley from 1983. Moreover, for an integral simplex with precisely one interior integral point, we give bounds on the volumes of its faces, the barycentric coordinates of the interior integral point and its number of integral points. Furthermore, we prove a bound on the lattice diameter of integral polytopes with a fixed number of interior integral points. The presented results have applications in toric geometry and in integer optimization. Y1 - 2015 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0001870815000249?via%3Dihub#! U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aim.2014.12.035 SN - 0001-8708 VL - Volume 274 SP - 118 EP - 166 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Averkov, Gennadiy A1 - Bianchi, Gabriele T1 - Covariograms generated by valuations T2 - International Mathematics Research Notices N2 - Let ϕ be a real-valued valuation on the family of compact convex subsets of Rn and let K be a convex body in Rn⁠. We introduce the ϕ-covariogram gK,ϕ of K as the function associating to each x∈Rn the value ϕ(K∩(K+x))⁠. If ϕ is the volume, then gK,ϕ is the covariogram, extensively studied in various sources. When ϕ is a quermassintegral (e.g., surface area or mean width) gK,ϕ has been introduced by Nagel [26]. We study various properties of ϕ-covariograms, mostly in the case n=2 and under the assumption that ϕ is translation invariant, monotone, and even. We also consider the generalization of Matheron's covariogram problem to the case of ϕ-covariograms, that is, the problem of determining an unknown convex body K⁠, up to translations and point reflections, by the knowledge of gK,ϕ⁠. A positive solution to this problem is provided under different assumptions, including the case where K is a polygon and ϕ is either strictly monotone or ϕ is the width in a given direction. We prove that there are examples in every dimension n≥3 where K is determined by its covariogram but it is not determined by its width-covariogram. We also present some consequence of this study in stochastic geometry. Y1 - 2015 UR - https://academic.oup.com/imrn/article/2015/19/9277/907311 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/imrn/rnu219 SN - 1687-0247 VL - Vol. 2015 IS - 19 SP - 9277 EP - 9329 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Averkov, Gennadiy A1 - González Merino, Bernardo A1 - Henze, Matthias A1 - Paschke, Ingo A1 - Weltge, Stefan T1 - Tight bounds on discrete quantitative Helly numbers T2 - arXiv.org : (math) N2 - Given a subset S of R^n, let c(S,k) be the smallest number t such that whenever finitely many convex sets have exactly k common points in S, there exist at most t of these sets that already have exactly k common points in S. For S = Z^n, this number was introduced by Aliev et al. [2014] who gave an explicit bound showing that c(Z^n,k) = O(k) holds for every fixed n. Recently, Chestnut et al. [2015] improved this to c(Z^n,k) = O(k (log log k)(log k)^{-1/3} ) and provided the lower bound c(Z^n,k) = Omega(k^{(n-1)/(n+1)}). We provide a combinatorial description of c(S,k) in terms of polytopes with vertices in S and use it to improve the previously known bounds as follows: We strengthen the bound of Aliev et al. [2014] by a constant factor and extend it to general discrete sets S. We close the gap for Z^n by showing that c(Z^n,k) = Theta(k^{(n-1)/(n+1)}) holds for every fixed n. Finally, we determine the exact values of c(Z^n,k) for all k <= 4. KW - Metric Geometry KW - Optimization and Control Y1 - 2016 UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/1602.07839 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Averkov, Gennadiy A1 - Krümpelmann, Jan A1 - Weltge, Stefan T1 - Notions of maximality for integral lattice-free polyhedra - the case of dimension three T2 - arXiv.org : (math) N2 - Lattice-free sets (convex subsets of Rd without interior integer points) and their applications for cutting-plane methods in mixed-integer optimization have been studied in recent literature. Notably, the family of all integral lattice-free polyhedra which are not properly contained in another integral lattice-free polyhedron has been of particular interest. We call these polyhedra Zd-maximal. It is known that, for fixed d, the family Zd-maximal integral lattice-free polyhedra is finite up to unimodular equivalence. In view of possible applications in cutting-plane theory, one would like to have a classification of this family. However, this turns out to be a challenging task already for small dimensions. In contrast, the subfamily of all integral lattice-free polyhedra which are not properly contained in any other lattice-free set, which we call Rd-maximal lattice-free polyhedra, allow a rather simple geometric characterization. Hence, the question was raised for which dimensions the notions of Zd-maximality and Rd-maximality are equivalent. This was known to be the case for dimensions one and two. On the other hand, Nill and Ziegler (2011) showed that for dimension d≥4, there exist polyhedra which are Zd-maximal but not Rd-maximal. In this article, we consider the remaining case d=3 and prove that for integral polyhedra the notions of R3-maximality and Z3-maximality are equivalent. As a consequence, the classification of all R3-maximal integral polyhedra by Averkov, Wagner and Weismantel (2011) contains all Z3-maximal integral polyhedra. Y1 - 2015 UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/1509.05200 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Averkov, Gennadiy A1 - Kaibel, Volker A1 - Weltge, Stefan T1 - Maximum semidefinite and linear extension complexity of families of polytopes T2 - arXiv.org : (math) Y1 - 2016 UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/1605.08538 SP - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Averkov, Gennadiy A1 - Langfeld, Barbara T1 - Homometry and direct-sum decompositions of lattice-convex sets T2 - Discrete & computational geometry : an international journal of mathematics and computer science N2 - Two sets in Rd are called homometric if they have the same covariogram, where the covariogram of a finite subset K of Rd is the function associating to each u∈Rd the cardinality of K∩(K+u). Understanding the structure of homometric sets is important for a number of areas of mathematics and applications. If two sets are homometric but do not coincide up to translations and point reflections, we call them nontrivially homometric. We study nontrivially homometric pairs of lattice-convex sets, where a set K is called lattice-convex with respect to a lattice M⊆Rd if K is the intersection of M and a convex subset of Rd. This line of research was initiated in 2005 by Daurat, Gérard and Nivat and, independently, by Gardner, Gronchi and Zong. All pairs of nontrivially homometric lattice-convex sets that have been known so far can essentially be written as direct sums S⊕T and S⊕(−T), where T is lattice-convex, the underlying lattice M is the direct sum of T and some sublattice L, and S is a subset of L. We study pairs of nontrivially homometric lattice-convex sets assuming this particular form and establish a necessary and a sufficient condition for the lattice-convexity of S⊕T. This allows us to explicitly describe all nontrivially homometric pairs in dimension two, under the above assumption, and to construct examples of nontrivially homometric pairs of lattice-convex sets for each d≥3. KW - Covariogram problem KW - Diffraction KW - Discrete tomography KW - Direct sum KW - Homometric sets KW - Lattice-convex set Y1 - 2016 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00454-016-9786-2 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00454-016-9786-2 SN - 1432-0444 SN - 0179-5376 VL - 56 IS - 1 SP - 216 EP - 249 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bestehorn, Michael A1 - Tyvand, Peder A. A1 - Michelitsch, Thomas M. T1 - Dimension-Reduced Model for Deep-Water Waves T2 - Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics N2 - Starting from the 2D Euler equations for an incompressible potential flow, a dimension-reduced model describing deep-water surface waves is derived. Similar to the Shallow-Water case, the z-dependence of the dependent variables is found explicitly from the Laplace equation and a set of two one- dimensional equations in x for the surface velocity and the surface elevation remains. The model is nonlocal and can be formulated in conservative form, describing waves over an infinitely deep layer. Finally, numerical solutions are presented for several initial conditions. The side-band instability of Stokes waves and stable envelope solitons are obtained in agreement with other work. The conservation of the total energy is checked. KW - Hydrodynamics KW - Ocean Waves KW - DeepWater Waves KW - Numerical Solutions KW - Fractal Derivatives Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperabs.aspx?paperid=89888 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4236/jamp.2019.71007 SN - 2327-4379 SN - 2327-4352 VL - 7 IS - 1 SP - 72 EP - 92 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Henk, Martin A1 - Averkov, Gennadiy T1 - Three-Dimensional Polyhedra Can Be Described by Three Polynomial Inequalities T2 - Discrete & computational geometry N2 - Bosse et al. conjectured that for every natural number d≥2 and every d-dimensional polytope P in ℝ d , there exist d polynomials p 1(x),…,p d (x) satisfying P={x∈ℝ d :p 1(x)≥0,…,p d (x)≥0}. We show that every three-dimensional polyhedron can be described by three polynomial inequalities, which confirms the conjecture for the case d=3 but also provides an analogous statement for the case of unbounded polyhedra. The proof of our result is constructive. KW - Łojasiewicz’s inequality KW - Polynomial KW - Polytope KW - Semi-algebraic set KW - Theorem of Bröcker and Scheiderer Y1 - 2009 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00454-009-9183-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00454-009-9183-1 SN - 1432-0444 VL - 42 IS - 2 SP - 166 EP - 186 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Averkov, Gennadiy T1 - On nearly equilateral simplices and nearly l 8 spaces T2 - Canadian mathematical bulletin Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4153/CMB-2010-055-1 SN - 1496-4287 SN - 0008-4395 VL - 53 IS - 3 SP - 394 EP - 397 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Averkov, Gennadiy A1 - Henk, Martin T1 - Representing simple d-dimensional polytopes by d polynomials T2 - Mathematical programming / A N2 - A polynomial representation of a convex d-polytope P is a finite set {p 1(x), . . . , p n (x)} of polynomials over Rd such that P={x∈Rd:pi(x)≥0 for every 1≤i≤n}. Let s(d, P) be the least possible n as above. It is conjectured that s(d, P) = d for all convex d-polytopes P. We confirm this conjecture for simple d-polytopes by providing an explicit construction of d polynomials that represent a given simple d-polytope P. KW - Elementary symmetric polynomial KW - H-representation KW - Real algebraic geometry KW - Semi-algebraic set KW - Theorem of Scheiderer and Bröcker Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10107-009-0280-y SN - 1436-4646 VL - 126 IS - 2 SP - 203 EP - 230 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Averkov, Gennadiy A1 - Bey, Christian T1 - Description of polygonal regions by polynomials of bounded degree T2 - Monatshefte für Mathematik N2 - We show that every (possibly unbounded) convex polygon P in R2 with m edges can be represented by inequalities p 1 ≥ 0, . . ., p n ≥ 0, where the p i ’s are products of at most k affine functions each vanishing on an edge of P and n = n(m, k) satisfies s(m,k)≤n(m,k)≤(1+εm)s(m,k) with s(m,k) ≔ max {m/k, log2 m} and εm→0 as m→∞. This choice of n is asymptotically best possible. An analogous result on representing the interior of P in the form p 1 > 0, . . ., p n > 0 is also given. For k ≤ m/log2 m these statements remain valid for representations with arbitrary polynomials of degree not exceeding k. KW - Gray code KW - Polygon KW - Polynomial KW - Semi-algebraic set KW - Theorem of Bröcker and Scheiderer Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00605-010-0224-x SN - 1436-5081 VL - 162 IS - 1 SP - 19 EP - 27 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Averkov, Gennadiy A1 - Weismantel, R. T1 - Transversal numbers over subsets of linear spaces T2 - Advances in geometry Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/advgeom.2011.028 SN - 1615-7168 SN - 1615-715X VL - 12 IS - 1 SP - 19 EP - 28 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Averkov, Gennadiy T1 - On the size of lattice simplices with a single interior lattice point T2 - SIAM journal on discrete mathematics N2 - Let $\mathcal{T}^d$ be the set of all d-dimensional simplices T in $\mathbb{R}^d$ with integer vertices and a single integer point in the interior of T. It follows from a result of Hensley that $\mathcal{T}^d$ is finite up to affine transformations that preserve $\mathbb{Z}^d$. It is known that when d grows, the maximum volume of the simplices $T \in \mathcal{T}^d$ becomes extremely large. We improve and refine bounds on the size of $T \in \mathcal{T}^d$ (where by the size we mean the volume or the number of lattice points). It is shown that each $T \in \mathcal{T}^d$ can be decomposed into an ascending chain of faces $G_1 \subseteq \cdots \subseteq G_d=T$ such that for every $i \in \{1,\ldots,d\}$, $G_i$ is i-dimensional and the size of $G_i$ is bounded from above in terms of i and d. The bound on the size of $G_i$ is double exponential in i. The presented upper bounds are asymptotically tight on the log-log scale. Y1 - 2012 UR - https://epubs.siam.org/doi/10.1137/110829052 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1137/110829052 SN - 1095-7146 VL - 26 IS - 2 SP - 515 EP - 526 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Averkov, Gennadiy A1 - Langfeld, Barbara T1 - On the Reconstruction of Planar Lattice-Convex Sets from the Covariogram T2 - Discrete & computational geometry N2 - A finite subset K of ℤ d is said to be lattice-convex if K is the intersection of ℤ d with a convex set. The covariogram g K of K⊆ℤ d is the function associating to each u∈ℤ d the cardinality of K∩(K+u). Daurat, Gérard, and Nivat and independently Gardner, Gronchi, and Zong raised the problem of the reconstruction of lattice-convex sets K from g K . We provide a partial positive answer to this problem by showing that for d=2 and under mild extra assumptions, g K determines K up to translations and reflections. As a complement to the theorem on reconstruction we also extend the known counterexamples (i.e., planar lattice-convex sets which are not reconstructible, up to translations and reflections) to an infinite family of counterexamples. KW - Covariogram KW - Crystallography KW - Diffraction KW - Direct sum KW - Homometric sets KW - Lattice-convex set KW - Matheron’s problem KW - Partial digest problem KW - Quasicrystal KW - Tomography KW - X-ray Y1 - 2012 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00454-012-9416-6 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00454-012-9416-6 SN - 1432-0444 VL - 48 IS - 1 SP - 216 EP - 238 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Averkov, Gennadiy T1 - On finitely generated closures in the theory of cutting planes T2 - Discrete optimization KW - Chvátal–Gomory closure KW - Cutting plane KW - Max-facet-width KW - Mixed-integer optimization KW - Split closure Y1 - 2012 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1572528612000436?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.disopt.2012.06.003 SN - 1572-5286 VL - 9 IS - 4 SP - 209 EP - 215 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herold, Steven A1 - Acker, Jörg T1 - Measurement of the temperature dependence of lattice deformations in silicon using Raman microscopy T2 - Journal of Applied Physics N2 - The effect of heating and cooling in the range of 25–900 °C on the lattice deformations of diamond wire-sawn polycrystalline and scratched monocrystalline silicon surfaces was studied in detail using Raman microscopy. Mechanically treated silicon surfaces contain tensile or compressive strained silicon with varying deformation strength and areas with high-pressure silicon phases and amorphous silicon. It is shown that compressive deformed silicon relaxes after heating the sample to 600 °C, while tensile deformed silicon only relaxes after multiple heating and cooling cycles. Raman measurements during the heating and after the cooling phases reveal the individual thermal expansion and relaxation behavior of the deformed silicon states. Compressive deformed silicon relaxes during the heating phase, while tensile deformed silicon relaxes during the cooling phase. It is, therefore, possible to separately relax certain deformation states using thermal annealing without changing the topography of the surface. KW - Raman spectroscopy KW - mechanical stress KW - silicon KW - crystallization KW - relaxation KW - thermal treatment KW - solar cell Y1 - 2019 UR - https://aip.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/1.5090476 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5090476 SN - 1089-7550 VL - 126 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoffmann, Christin T1 - Estimating the benefits of adaptation to extreme climate events, focusing on nonmarket damages T2 - Ecological Economics N2 - This paper provides a first approach on how to evaluate nonmarket damages from extreme climate events in monetary units by applying a Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) approach. We develop a static CGE model, which zooms into one single period of a standard Auerbach-Kotlikoff model. While we observe private and instantaneous adaptation in reaction to price changes, we explicitly model public adaptation funded by taxing either labor or capital. We apply our model to heat waves in Switzerland and are able to show that heat waves affect cohorts' utility in an unadapted economy in substantially different ways. While young and less vulnerable cohorts profit (in welfare terms and because of inheritance) from heat waves, vulnerable but surviving cohorts' welfare decreases substantially. Thus, without adaptation, vulnerable cohorts are worse off and might have even fewer possibilities to invest in private adaptation in the long run. Overall, we show that with adaptation, the negative impact of a 2003-like heat wave on output can be reduced from about −0.5% of GDP to −0.04% of GDP. Additionally, equivalent variation is reduced from about −1% to −0.18%. KW - Computable general equilibrium KW - Extreme climate events KW - Fatalities Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2019.02.014 SN - 0921-8009 IS - 164 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schiffer, Johannes A1 - Efimov, Denis A1 - Ortega, Romeo T1 - Global synchronization analysis of droop-controlled microgrids—A multivariable cell structure approach T2 - Automatica N2 - The microgrid concept represents a promising approach to facilitate the large-scale integration of renewable energy sources. Motivated by this, the problem of global synchronization in droop-controlled microgrids with radial topology is considered. To this end, at first a necessary and sufficient condition for existence of equilibria is established in terms of the droop gains and the network parameters. Then, the local stability properties of the equilibria are characterized. Subsequently, sufficient conditions for almost global synchronization are derived by means of the multivariable cell structure approach recently proposed in Efimov and Schiffer (2019). The latter is an extension of the powerful cell structure principle developed by Leonov and Noldus to nonlinear systems that are periodic with respect to several state variables and possess multiple invariant solutions. The analysis is illustrated via numerical examples. KW - Global synchronization KW - controlled microgrids Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S000510981930411X U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.automatica.2019.108550 SN - 0005-1098 IS - 109 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Froitzheim, Andreas A1 - Ezeta, Rodrigo A1 - Huisman, Sander G. A1 - Merbold, Sebastian A1 - Sun, Chao A1 - Lohse, Detlef A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Statistics, plumes and azimuthally travelling waves in ultimate Taylor–Couette turbulent vortices T2 - Journal of Fluid Mechanics Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2019.552 SN - 1469-7645 SN - 0022-1120 VL - Volume 876 SP - 733 EP - 765 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Netzer, Corinna A1 - Seidel, Lars A1 - Ravet, Frédéric A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - Impact of the surrogate formulation on 3D CFD engine knock prediction using detailed chemistry T2 - Fuel N2 - For engine knock prediction, surrogate fuels are often composed of iso-octane and n-heptane since they are the components of the Primary Reference Fuel (PRF). By definition, a PRF has no octane sensitivity (S = RON-MON). However, for a commercial gasoline fuel holds RON > MON and therefor S > 0. More complex surrogates are Toluene Reference Fuels (TRF) and Ethanol containing Toluene Reference Fuels (ETRF). In this work, the impact of the surrogate formulation on the prediction of flame propagation and auto-ignition in the unburnt gases are investigated. The surrogates are composed such that the Research Octane Number is the same. The auto-ignition events ahead of the flame front are predicted using 3D CFD and a combustion model based on the ETRF mechanism by Seidel (2017). The strength of the auto-ignition is determined using the detonation diagram by Bradley and co-workers (2002, 2003). Applying the different surrogates, ignition kernels of different size and reactivity are predicted. The results indicate a dependency on the local temperature history and the low temperature chemistry of the fuel species. The comparison of homogenous constant volume reactor and transient simulations show that the analysis of ignition delay time and octane rating solely from homogenous simulations is not sufficient if the knock tendency of a surrogate in engine simulations needs to be characterized. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2019.115678 SN - 1873-7153 VL - Volume 254 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Netzer, Corinna A1 - Seidel, Lars A1 - Ravet, Frédéric A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - Assessment of the validity of RANS knock prediction using the resonance theory T2 - International Journal of Engine Research N2 - Following the resonance theory by Bradley and co-workers, engine knock is a consequence of an auto-ignition in the developing detonation regime. Their detonation diagram was developed using direct numerical simulations and was applied in the literature to engine knock assessment using large eddy simulations. In this work, it is analyzed if the detonation diagram can be applied for post-processing and evaluation of predicted auto-ignitions in Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes simulations even though the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes approach cannot resolve the fine structures resolved in direct numerical simulations and large eddy simulations that lead to the prediction of a developing detonation. For this purpose, an engine operating point at the knock limit spark advance is simulated using Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes and large eddy simulations. The combustion is predicted using the G-equation and the well-stirred reactor model in the unburnt gases based on a detailed gasoline surrogate reaction scheme. All the predicted ignition kernels are evaluated using the resonance theory in a post-processing step. According to the different turbulence models, the predicted pressure rise rates and gradients differ. However, the predicted ignition kernel sizes and imposed gas velocities by the auto-ignition event are similar, which suggests that the auto-ignitions predicted by Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes simulations can be given a meaningful interpretation within the detonation diagram. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/1468087419846032 SN - 2041-3149 SN - 1468-0874 VL - 21 IS - 4 SP - 610 EP - 621 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Netzer, Corinna A1 - Pasternak, Michal A1 - Seidel, Lars A1 - Ravet, Frédéric A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - Computationally efficient prediction of cycle-to-cycle variations in spark-ignition engines T2 - International Journal of Engine Research N2 - Cycle-to-cycle variations are important to consider in the development of spark-ignition engines to further increase fuel conversion efficiency. Direct numerical simulation and large eddy simulation can predict the stochastics of flows and therefore cycle-to-cycle variations. However, the computational costs are too high for engineering purposes if detailed chemistry is applied. Detailed chemistry can predict the fuels’ tendency to auto-ignite for different octane ratings as well as locally changing thermodynamic and chemical conditions which is a prerequisite for the analysis of knocking combustion. In this work, the joint use of unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes simulations for the analysis of the average engine cycle and the spark-ignition stochastic reactor model for the analysis of cycle-to-cycle variations is proposed. Thanks to the stochastic approach for the modeling of mixing and heat transfer, the spark-ignition stochastic reactor model can mimic the randomness of turbulent flows that is missing in the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes modeling framework. The capability to predict cycle-to-cycle variations by the spark-ignition stochastic reactor model is extended by imposing two probability density functions. The probability density function for the scalar mixing time constant introduces a variation in the turbulent mixing time that is extracted from the unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes simulations and leads to variations in the overall mixing process. The probability density function for the inflammation time accounts for the delay or advancement of the early flame development. The combination of unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes and spark-ignition stochastic reactor model enables one to predict cycle-to-cycle variations using detailed chemistry in a fraction of computational time needed for a single large eddy simulation cycle. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/1468087419856493 SN - 2041-3149 SN - 1468-0874 VL - 21 IS - 4 SP - 649 EP - 663 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gern, Maike Sophie A1 - Kauf, Georg Malte A1 - Vacca, Antonino A1 - Franken, Tim A1 - Kulzer, André Casal T1 - Ganzheitliche Methode zur Bewertung der Wassereinspritzung T2 - MTZ - Motortechnische Zeitschrift N2 - Die künftige Effizienzsteigerung bei Ottomotoren mit Direkteinspritzung sowie die Reduktion von gas- und partikelförmigen Emissionen erfordern innovative Ansätze. Durch die neue RDEGesetzgebung für leichte Kraftfahrzeuge verschiebt sich der Fokus hin zu dynamischen Testzyklen mit 12 % mehr Hochlastbetriebspunkten im Vergleich zum WLTC (Worldwide harmonized Light Duty Test Cycle). Die Steigerung des Mitteldrucks bei Ottomotoren führt zu einem effizienten Betrieb, der jedoch durch das Risiko irregulärer Verbrennung und hohen Abgastemperaturen limitiert ist. Durch den Einsatz von Wassereinspritzung können sowohl die Klopfneigung als auch die Abgastemperatur reduziert werden, was den Schutz der Abgasnachbehandlungskomponenten bei gleichzeitiger Wirkungsgradsteigerung ermöglicht. Im Rahmen des FVV-Projekts „Wassereinspritzung bei Ottomotoren“ wird der Einfluss der NiederdruckWassereinspritzung (NDWE) und Hochdruck-Wassereinspritzung (HDWE) untersucht. Insbesondere die Auswirkungen auf Gemischbildung, Verbrennung und Abgasnachbehandlung werden durch die Vernetzung von Experiment und Simulation analysiert. KW - Water Injection KW - Wassereinspritzung KW - Gasoline KW - Simulation KW - Efficiency Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s35146-019-0070-x SN - 2192-8843 VL - 80 IS - 7-8 SP - 124 EP - 129 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Franken, Tim A1 - Netzer, Corinna A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Pasternak, Michal A1 - Seidel, Lars A1 - Borg, Anders A1 - Lehtiniemi, Harry A1 - Matrisciano, Andrea A1 - Kulzer, André Casal T1 - Multi-objective optimization of water injection in spark-ignition engines using the stochastic reactor model with tabulated chemistry T2 - International Journal of Engine Research N2 - Water injection is investigated for turbocharged spark-ignition engines to reduce knock probability and enable higher engine efficiency. The novel approach of this work is the development of a simulation-based optimization process combining the advantages of detailed chemistry, the stochastic reactor model and genetic optimization to assess water injection. The fast running quasi-dimensional stochastic reactor model with tabulated chemistry accounts for water effects on laminar flame speed and combustion chemistry. The stochastic reactor model is coupled with the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm to find an optimum set of operating conditions for high engine efficiency. Subsequently, the feasibility of the simulation-based optimization process is tested for a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamic numerical test case. The newly proposed optimization method predicts a trade-off between fuel efficiency and low knock probability, which highlights the present target conflict for spark-ignition engine development. Overall, the optimization shows that water injection is beneficial to decrease fuel consumption and knock probability at the same time. The application of the fast running quasi-dimensional stochastic reactor model allows to run large optimization problems with low computational costs. The incorporation with the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm shows a well performing multi-objective optimization and an optimized set of engine operating parameters with water injection and high compression ratio is found. KW - Water Injection KW - Genetic Optimization KW - Spark Ignition Engine KW - Stochastic Reactor Model KW - Detailed Chemistry Y1 - 2019 UR - https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1468087419857602 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/1468087419857602 SN - 2041-3149 VL - 20 IS - 10 SP - 1089 EP - 1100 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hua, Pei A1 - Yang, Wenyu A1 - Qi, Xiaochen A1 - Jiang, Shanshan A1 - Xie, Jiaqiang A1 - Guf, Xianyong A1 - Li, Honghao A1 - Zhang, Jin A1 - Krebs, Peter T1 - Evaluating the effect of urban flooding reduction strategies in response to design rainfall and low impact development T2 - Journal of Cleaner Production N2 - Rapid urbanisation and climate change-induced watershed hydrologic alteration have increased urban flooding risks. As a strategy for urban flood control, low impact development (LID) practices focus on promoting the infiltration and detention of stormwater runoff. A modelling-based study was conducted to analyse LID performance in urban flooding reduction. Two-dimensional simulations were conducted to visualise the flood risk under different precipitation scenarios and LID schemes. An integrated evaluation system based on life-cycle cost analysis, the analytic hierarchy process, and regret decision theory were applied to assess the LID performance in multiple aspects. The results indicated that the LID practices achieved runoff control and flood mitigation to some extent, especially under mild rainfall events. According to the integrated evaluation, urban flooding risk could be sufficiently reduced with the LID combination of bioretention, infiltration trenches, and rain barrels in the given area. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652619333852#! U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118515 SN - 0959-6526 VL - Volume 242 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bouaksa, Fethia A1 - Fellah, Mamoun A1 - Hezil, Naouel A1 - Djellabi, Ridha A1 - Touhami, Mohamed Zine A1 - Iost, Alain A1 - Montagne, Alex A1 - Kosman, Stephania A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Effect of Thermocyclic Treatment with Different Cooling Rates on the Mechanical Characteristics of 42CD4 Low-Alloy Steel T2 - Defect and Diffusion Forum N2 - The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of thermo-cyclic treatments on the mechanical characteristics (Hardness and Resilience) of low-alloy 42CD4 steel. Thermocyclic treatment on 42CD4 steel was operated for four cycles at 850 °C for 30 min. After each cycle, the steel sample was cooled in different medium (open air and water) in order to check the effect of the cooling rate on the microstructure characteristics. It was found that the cooling rate can affect the mechanical characteristics of the steel. The hardness values of steel cooled in water were higher than those of steel cooled in air. Additionally, there was an increase in the resilience of steel sample with the increase of thermocyclic number. KW - Austenization KW - Grain Refinement KW - Grain Size KW - Hardness KW - Resilience KW - Thermocyclic Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.scientific.net/DDF.397.169 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/DDF.397.169 SN - 1662-9507 VL - 397 SP - 169 EP - 178 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fellah, Mamoun A1 - Hezil, Naouel A1 - Samad, Mohammed Abdul A1 - Djellabi, Ridha A1 - Montagne, Alex A1 - Mejias, Alberto A1 - Kossman, Stephania A1 - Iost, Alain A1 - Purnama, Agung A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Effect of Molybdenum Content on Structural, Mechanical, and Tribological Properties of Hot Isostatically Pressed β-Type Titanium Alloys for Orthopedic Applications T2 - Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance N2 - Aiming to develop alloys with better properties for orthopedic applications, the focus of the present research was to evaluate the effect of Mo at.% content on structural, mechanical, and tribological properties of hot isostatically pressed Ti-xMo (x = 4, 8, 12, 15, and 20 at.%) alloys. The structural evolution, mechanical properties, and tribological behavior of the nanostructured Ti-xMo alloys were evaluated using x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, and ball-on-disk tribometer. Wear tests were conducted under different applied loads of 2, 8, and 16 N. Experimental results indicated that the structural evolution and morphological changes of the milled alloys were sensitive to their molybdenum (Mo) content. The morphological characterization showed that the crystallite size and the particle size decreased with increasing Mo content (at.%) reaching the lowest values of 27 and 26 nm in the case of Ti-15Mo and Ti-20Mo, respectively. On the other hand, the coefficient of friction and wear rates were found to be decreasing with increasing Mo content. KW - friction behavior KW - hot isostatic pressing KW - milling KW - nanobiomaterials KW - Ti-Mo alloy KW - β-type titanium alloy KW - tribology KW - wear resistance Y1 - 2019 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11665-019-04348-w U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-019-04348-w SN - 1059-9495 VL - 28 IS - 10 SP - 5988 EP - 5999 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jeglinsky, Vinzenz A1 - Winkler, Herwig T1 - Untersuchungen von Entscheidungsprozessen im Zuge der Digitalisierung T2 - Zeitschrift für wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb (ZWF) N2 - Die Digitalisierung produzierender Unternehmen schreitet voran. Dennoch bestehen entlang des Entscheidungsprozesses zur Umsetzung von Digitalisierungsvorhaben zahlreiche Hindernisse. Zum zielgerichteten Auflösen der vorhandenen Hindernisse ist ein auf den Besonderheiten des Entscheidungsprozesses fokussierter Ansatz notwendig, der die Umsetzung der Vorhaben beschleunigt, Ressourcen schont und die Entscheidungsqualität verbessert. KW - Entscheidungsprozesse KW - Digitalisierung Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3139/104.112116 VL - 114 IS - 7-8 SP - 488 EP - 495 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Winkelmann, Ralf A1 - Kilian, Andrè A1 - Rogovits, Rainer T1 - Punktuelle und flächige Verbindungen an beschichteten Bauteilen T2 - JOT - Journal für Oberflächentechnik N2 - Das thermische Fügen aber auch das Kleben von Bauteilen führt zu einer bzw. erfordert eine Zerstörung der Beschichtung im Bereich der Verbindung. Es wird in diesem Bereich ein Nachbeschichten notwendig. Dieser Prozess ist eine technische Herausforderung, da die häufig existierende Forderung nach optisch einwandfreien Oberflächen kaum garantiert werden kann. Technisch und wirtschaftlich bedeutend sind diese Probleme besonders bei der Herstellung von Verbindungen an endbeschichten Bauteilen. Dieser Beitrag stellt eine Möglichkeit vor, Bauteile mit einer Polymerbeschichtung zu fügen, ohne die Beschichtung im Sichtbereich zu beeinflussen. Es wurde eine Beschichtung entwickelt, welche außer den üblichen Aufgaben, wie Korrosionsschutz, Design usw., selbst die Basis für eine Verbindungsherstellung ist und somit eine weitere Funktion übernimmt. Die Anregung, eine Verbindung einzugehen, erfolgt durch thermo-mechanische Energie. Auf Klebstoffe wird komplett verzichtet. Es sind dichte, flächige Verbindungen herstellbar, welche punktuell unterstützt werden können. Die Qualifizierung des Clinchens für die Herstellung von punktuellen Verbindungen erfordert neben der Werkzeuganpassung auch eine hohe Dehnbarkeit der Beschichtung. Verfahrensparameter werden ebenso wie die Verbindungseigenschaften, einschließlich deren Veränderungen, infolge korrosiver Beanspruchung vorgestellt. KW - Fügen KW - Beschichtung KW - Verbindung KW - Thermoplastisch KW - Thermomechanisch Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s35144-019-0286-z SN - 0940-8789 SN - 2192-869X VL - 59 IS - 9 SP - 56 EP - 63 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bühler, Daniel T1 - Das Fotobuch als multimodale Metapher am Beispiel von Geert van Kesterens Baghdad Calling (2008) T2 - NEUE kunstwissenschaftliche forschungen N2 - Metaphern sind keine sprachlichen Phänomene. Metapher sind kognitive Prozesse, die beinhalten, dass Merkmale eines mental repräsentierten Bereiches auf einen anderen übertragen werden. Dies ist die Grundannahme der Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT) nach George Lakoff und Mark Johnson, die grundlegend für die Überlegungen zur multimodalen Metapher ist. Der Beitrag stellt zunächst die CMT vor. Anschließend werden anhand eines Beispiels die Überlegungen zur multimodalen Metapher nach Charles Forceville erläutert. Zum Abschluss wird gezeigt, auf welche Weisen multimodale Metaphern als Fotobücher materialisiert werden können, am Beispiel des Fotobuchs Baghdad Calling des Fotografen Geert van Kesteren. KW - Multimodale Metapher KW - Fotobuch KW - Geert van Kesteren KW - Conceptual Metaphor Theory KW - Fotografie KW - Wahrhaftigkeit Y1 - 2017 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bsz:16-nkf-595185 SN - 2363-7781 IS - 3 SP - 48 EP - 57 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reßut, Norman A1 - Hoppe, Annette T1 - Erfassung von individuellem Beanspruchungserleben bei kognitiven Belastungssituationen mittels Mustererkennung im Lidschlagverhalten T2 - Zeitschrift für Arbeitswissenschaft N2 - Die psychische Belastung, die sich aus mentalen Leistungssituationen ergibt, beeinflusst die subjektiv wahrnehmbare Beanspruchung sowie das Lidschlagverhalten. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird dazu eine Laborstudie (N= 45) und deren Ergebnisse vorgestellt und diskutiert. Zur Validierung der kognitiven Belastungssituation wird die eindimensionale Skala zur Erfassung subjektiv erlebter Anstrengung genutzt. Das Lidschlagverhalten wird mit einem eigens implementierten Software-System eruiert. Als Versuchsaufgaben werden zwei standardisierte kognitive Leistungstests nacheinander durchgeführt. Die Auswertung zeigt den erwartungskonformen Zusammenhang zwischen der psychischen Belastung und der subjektiven Beanspruchungsmessung. Ein signifikanter Unterschied von den durchschnittlichen Lidschlägen pro Minute in den verschiedenen Belastungssituationen konnte nicht beobachtet werden. Hingegen konnte ein Lidschlagmuster detektiert werden, welches in seiner Erscheinungshäufigkeit einen überzufälligen Unterschied bei den Phasen mit höherer kognitiver Belastung zu denen mit geringerer kognitiver Belastung aufzeigt und zudem eine signifikante Korrelation zur subjektiv wahrgenommenen Beanspruchung besitzt. Praktische Relevanz Verfügbare objektive Messmethoden können dem Anspruch einer praktikablen Datenerhebung der psychischen Beanspruchung an Arbeitsplätzen nicht genügen. Das hier diskutierte Verfahren zur Analyse von Lidschlagmustern ergibt eine Option zur Beanspruchungsmessung, welche zukünftig objektiv, berührungslos und aufwandsarm Rückschlüsse auf mentale Belastungsquellen ermöglichen kann. N2 - The psychological stress, arising through the handling of mental achievement situations, affects the subjectively perceptible strain, as well the blink behavior of the individual. For this purpose a laboratory study (N= 45) and their results are presented and discussed here. To the validation of the cognitive stress situation a one-dimensional scale is used, which documents the subjectively experienced effort. The eyelid movement is determined via a self-implemented software system. As tasks duties two standardized cognitive performance tests are carried out consecutively. The evaluation shows the expectation-compliant relationship between mental stress and subjective strain measurement. A significant change from the average eye blink per minute in the different stress situations could not be perceived. In contrast, a blink pattern was detected, which in its frequency of appearance shows an over random difference from the phases with higher cognitive stress to those with lower cognitive stress. The Blink patterns show further a significant correlation to the subjectively perceived strain. Practical relevance Available objective measurement methods cannot satisfy the requirement of a practicable data collection of mental strain at workplaces. The method discussed here for the analysis of blink patterns provides an option for non-contact strain measurement, which in the future will make it possible to draw conclusions about mental stress sources objectively and with less effort. KW - Berührungslose Beanspruchungsmessung KW - Non-contact mental-strain-measurement KW - Kognitive Leistungstests KW - Cognitive performance-tests KW - Lidschlagverhaltensmuster KW - Eye-blink-pattern Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s41449-019-00165-y SN - 2366-4681 VL - 65 SP - 1 EP - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jirasek, Robert A1 - Schauer, Thomas A1 - Bleicher, Achim T1 - Linear Parameter-Varying Models for Convertible Structures in Civil and Structural Engineering T2 - IFAC-PapersOnLine N2 - This paper investigates the feasibility of the linear parameter-varying (LPV) framework for modelling the dynamic behaviour of ultra-lightweight convertible structures based on the elastic kinetic motion mechanism with a focus on civil and structural engineering applications. Model building is carried out for the example of a Fin Ray structure. In a first step local linear time-invariant (LTI) models are derived from a finite element model of the structure for different transformation states. On the basis of this collection of local LTI models, a grid-based LPV model is established. The derived LPV model is validated in simulation by comparison with data from a finite element model. Y1 - 2019 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405896319317288 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2019.11.734 SN - 2405-8963 VL - 52 IS - 15 SP - 555 EP - 560 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Beim Graben, Peter A1 - Jimenez-Marin, Antonio A1 - Diez, Ibai A1 - Cortes, Jesus A1 - Desroches, Mathieu A1 - Rodrigues, Serafim T1 - Metastable resting state brain dynamics T2 - Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience N2 - Metastability refers to the fact that the state of a dynamical system spends a large amount of time in a restricted region of its available phase space before a transition takes place, bringing the system into another state from where it might recur into the previous one. beim Graben and Hutt (2013) suggested to use the recurrence plot (RP) technique introduced by Eckmann et al. (1987) for the segmentation of system's trajectories into metastable states using recurrence grammars. Here, we apply this recurrence structure analysis (RSA) for the first time to resting-state brain dynamics obtained from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Brain regions are defined according to the brain hierarchical atlas (BHA) developed by Diez et al. (2015), and as a consequence, regions present high-connectivity in both structure (obtained from diffusion tensor imaging) and function (from the blood-level dependent-oxygenation—BOLD—signal). Remarkably, regions observed by Diez et al. were completely time-invariant. Here, in order to compare this static picture with the metastable systems dynamics obtained from the RSA segmentation, we determine the number of metastable states as a measure of complexity for all subjects and for region numbers varying from 3 to 100. We find RSA convergence toward an optimal segmentation of 40 metastable states for normalized BOLD signals, averaged over BHA modules. Next, we build a bistable dynamics at population level by pooling 30 subjects after Hausdorff clustering. In link with this finding, we reflect on the different modeling frameworks that can allow for such scenarios: heteroclinic dynamics, dynamics with riddled basins of attraction, multiple-timescale dynamics. Finally, we characterize the metastable states both functionally and structurally, using templates for resting state networks (RSNs) and the automated anatomical labeling (AAL) atlas, respectively. KW - resting state KW - recurrence structure analysis KW - metastability KW - BOLD fMRI KW - diffusion tensor imaging KW - brain hierarchical atlas Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fncom.2019.00062/full U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fncom.2019.00062 VL - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schilling, Laura A1 - Schneider, Sven A1 - Karlheim, Christoph A1 - Maul, Holger A1 - Tallarek, Marie A1 - Spallek, Jacob T1 - Perceived threats, benefits and barriers of e-cigarette use during pregnancy. A qualitative analysis of risk perception within existing threads in online discussion forums T2 - Midwifery N2 - Objective Previous studies have shown that e-cigarettes are perceived as being less harmful than tobacco cigarettes by pregnant women and might be used to quit smoking during pregnancy. Our aim was to further explore and characterise perceived threats, benefits and barriers of e-cigarette use during pregnancy. Methods Our STudy on E-cigarettes and Pregnancy (STEP) was, among others, based on a netnographic approach of analysing existing threads in German-speaking online discussion forums dealing with perceived threats and benefits of e-cigarette use during pregnancy. For the analysis, we used an inductive-deductive qualitative content analysis. Findings Based on 25 online discussion threads containing 1552 posts, we identified perceived threats, perceived benefits and perceived barriers to e-cigarette use during pregnancy, among others, as main themes. Subthemes identified within the main theme perceived threats were severe nicotine related health risks, potential health risks of additional ingredients, relative risks and lack of knowledge and research studies. As perceived benefits, we identified possibility and facilitation of smoking cessation, harm reduction and financial benefits. Perceived barriers were lack of satisfaction and social stigma. Conclusion Our qualitative results suggest that the perception of the health threats related to e-cigarette use during pregnancy varies according to the nicotine content and the perception of relative risks compared with tobacco cigarettes. In addition to this, risk perception is defined through further health and non-health related barriers and benefits (e.g. suitability of e-cigarettes as a smoking cessation aid, social stigma). KW - Electronic cigarette KW - Pregnancy KW - Risk perception KW - Health beliefs KW - Online forums Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2019.102533 SN - 0266-6138 VL - 79 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nthambi, Mary A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Markova-Nenova, Nonka T1 - Quantifying benefit losses from poor governance of climate change adaptation projects: A discrete choice experiment with farmers in Kenya T2 - MPRA paper Y1 - 2018 UR - https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/94678/ ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kölsch, Stefan A1 - Schmidt, Björn-Helmer A1 - Kansok-Dusche, Julia T1 - Effects of musical expertise on the early right anterior negativity: An event-related brain potential study T2 - Psychophysiology Y1 - 2002 SN - 0048-5772 VL - 39 IS - 5 SP - 657 EP - 663 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Averkov, Gennadiy A1 - González Merino, Bernardo A1 - Paschke, Ingo A1 - Schymura, Matthias A1 - Weltge, Stefan T1 - Tight bounds on discrete quantitative Helly numbers T2 - Advances in Applied Mathematics Y1 - 2017 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S019688581730043X U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aam.2017.04.003 SN - 0196-8858 VL - 89 SP - 76 EP - 101 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Averkov, Gennadiy T1 - Maximum semidefinite and linear extension complexity of families of polytopes T2 - Mathematical Programming N2 - We relate the maximum semidefinite and linear extension complexity of a family of polytopes to the cardinality of this family and the minimum pairwise Hausdorff distance of its members. This result directly implies a known lower bound on the maximum semidefinite extension complexity of 0/1-polytopes. We further show how our result can be used to improve on the corresponding bounds known for polygons with integer vertices. Our geometric proof builds upon nothing else than a simple well-known property of maximum volume inscribed ellipsoids of convex bodies. In particular, it does not rely on factorizations over the semidefinite cone and thus avoids involved procedures of balancing them as required, e.g., in Briët et al. (Math Program 153(1):179–199, 2015). Moreover, we show that the linear extension complexity of every d-dimensional 0/1-polytope is bounded from above by O(2dd). KW - Semidefinite extended formulations Extension complexity Polytopes Y1 - 2018 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10107-017-1134-7 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10107-017-1134-7 SN - 0025-5610 SN - 1436-4646 VL - 167 IS - 2 SP - 381 EP - 394 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Averkov, Gennadiy T1 - Lattice simplices with a fixed positive number of interior lattice points: A nearly optimal volume bound T2 - International mathematics research notices: IMRN - Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018 N2 - We give an explicit upper bound on the volume of lattice simplices with fixed positive number of interior lattice points. The bound differs from the conjectural sharp upper bound only by a linear factor in the dimension. This improves significantly upon the previously best results by Pikhurko from 2001. KW - Combinatorics, Algebraic Geometry, Metric Geometry, Optimization and Control Y1 - 2018 UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/1710.08646 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/imrn/rny130 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Averkov, Gennadiy T1 - Approximation of Corner Polyhedra with Families of Intersection Cuts T2 - SIAM Journal on Optimization N2 - We study the problem of approximating the corner polyhedron using intersection cuts derived from families of lattice-free sets in $\mathbb{R}^n$. In particular, we look at the problem of characterizing families that approximate the corner polyhedron up to a constant factor, which depends only on $n$ and not the data or dimension of the corner polyhedron. The literature already contains several results in this direction. In this paper, we use the maximum number of facets of lattice-free sets in a family as a measure of its complexity and precisely characterize the level of complexity of a family required for constant factor approximations. As one of the main results, we show that, for each natural number $n$, a corner polyhedron with $n$ basic integer variables and an arbitrary number of continuous nonbasic variables is approximated up to a constant factor by intersection cuts from lattice-free sets with at most $i$ facets if $i> 2^{n-1}$ and that no such approximation is possible if $i \le 2^{n-1}$. When the approximation factor is allowed to depend on the denominator of the fractional vertex of the linear relaxation of the corner polyhedron, we show that the threshold is $i > n$ versus $i \leq n$. The tools introduced for proving such results are of independent interest for studying intersection cuts. Y1 - 2018 UR - https://epubs.siam.org/doi/10.1137/17M1128939 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1137/17M1128939 VL - 28 IS - 1 SP - 904 EP - 929 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kuhn, Ramona A1 - Jensch, Robert A1 - Bryant, Isaac Mbir A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Liebsch, Stephan A1 - Martienssen, Marion T1 - Rapid sample clean-up procedure for aminophosphonate determination by LC/MS analysis T2 - Talanta N2 - Aminophosphonates are commonly utilised for complexing bivalent ions such as calcium and magnesium. With regard to environmental samples, the analysis of these highly polar compounds is still challenging due to matrix effects and lacking analytical standard methods. We have recently developed a LC/MS method for common aminophosphonates without derivatisation. This LC/MS method delivers precise and accurate measurement for standard samples with very low concentration of cations disturbing the analysis. However, due to matrix effects this LC/MS method requires a sample clean-up being also applicable to natural water or wastewater samples. We developed and optimised a sample clean-up procedure applying strong cation exchange resin Dowex 50WX8. This clean-up allows a single LC/MS analysis of hydroxyethelidene(diphosphonic acid) (HEDP), aminotris(methylenephosphonic acid) (ATMP), ethylenediaminetetra(methyloenephosphonic acid) (EDTMP), diethylenetriaminepenta(methylenephosphonic acid) (DTPMP) and its major intermediates amino(methylphosphonic acid) (AMPA) and iminodi(methylenephosphonic acid) (IDMP). We compared different test conditions with six aminophosphonates in either ultra pure water or tap water. The latter was used to simulate cation concentrations typical for natural waters. To elute all aminophosphonate including AMPA, ammonium acetate addition was necessary. The addition of ammonium acetate was combinable with all tested aminophosphonates and provides high sample quality for LC/MS analysis. For acceptable recovery, the smallest aminophosphonate AMPA required the highest addition of ammonium acetate (1000 mg L-1) during the sample clean-up. Finally, the optimised clean-up procedure was successfully applied to identify and quantify phosphonates from an industrial wastewater sample. The sample clean-up procedure is simple, cheap, rapid and precise and can be further combined with solid phase extraction and more sensitive LC/MS methods. KW - Phosphontes Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120454 SN - 0039-9140 VL - 208 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Löffler, Antje A1 - Hoffmann, Stephanie A1 - Fischer, Stefanie A1 - Spallek, Jacob T1 - Ambulante Haus- und Facharztversorgung im ländlichen Raum in Deutschland – Wie stellt sich die Versorgungssituation aus Sicht älterer Einwohner im Landkreis Oberspreewald-Lausitz dar? T2 - Das Gesundheitswesen N2 - Ziel der Studie: Die medizinische Versorgung der Bundesrepublik Deutschland ist von Verteilungsproblemen geprägt. Vor allem in ländlichen Regionen droht Unterversorgung. In dieser Studie wurde untersucht, wie ältere Bewohner des Landkreises Oberspreewald-Lausitz (OSL) des Bundeslandes Brandenburg ihre derzeitige medizinische Versorgungssituation einschätzen und welche Wünsche und Bedenken sie hinsichtlich deren zukünftigen Entwicklung im Jahr 2030 haben. Methodik: In der vorliegenden Querschnitterhebung wurden 3006 Einwohner im Alter von 50–56 Jahren und von 65–71 Jahren des Landkreises OSL befragt. Ein Fragebogen mit geschlossenem und offenem Antwortformat wurde zur Erfassung der Zielstellung eingesetzt. Ergebnisse: In der vorliegenden Untersuchung äußerten sich die Einwohner des Landkreises OSL aktuell zufrieden oder sehr zufrieden mit der hausärztlichen (93,1%) und der fachärztlichen Versorgung (83,3%). Innerhalb des Landkreises zeigen sich in einigen Regionen Defizite. Im Gebiet Lauchhammer/Schwarzheide äußerten sich insbesondere zur fachärztlichen Versorgung 27,1% der Befragten unzufrieden oder sehr unzufrieden. Alternative und ergänzende Versorgungsangebote wie die Community Nurse sind akzeptierte, jedoch derzeit unterrepräsentierte Maßnahmen zur Sicherstellung der zukünftigen medizinischen Versorgung. Schlussfolgerung: Derzeit zeigen sich Bewohner des ländlichen, metropolenfernen Landkreises OSL zufrieden mit der ambulanten medizinischen Versorgung, jedoch stellen sich in einigen Regionen Defizite, insbesondere bei der zukünftigen Facharztversorgung dar. Alternative Versorgungsangebote wie Telemedizin sind seitens der Bewohner gewünschte Maßnahmen zur Ergänzung und Sicherstellung der zukünftigen medizinischen Versorgung im ländlichen Raum. KW - Versorgung KW - Hausarzt KW - Facharzt KW - ländlicher Raum Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1010-6277 SN - 0941-3790 VL - 83 (2021) IS - 1 SP - 47 EP - 52 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Froitzheim, Andreas A1 - Merbold, Sebastian A1 - Ostilla-Mónico, Rodolfo A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Angular momentum transport and flow organization in Taylor-Couette flow at radius ratio of η=0.357" T2 - Physical Review Fluids Y1 - 2019 UR - https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.4.084605 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.4.084605 VL - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reichstein, Thomas A1 - Brusch, Ines T1 - The Decision-Making Process, in: Viral Marketing - A Review And Suggestions For Further Research T2 - Psychology & Marketing N2 - Viral marketing is used to widely distribute content. To achieve this goal, the basic decision‐making process from content reception to interaction must be clarified. This paper examines the decision‐making process of individuals in viral marketing using a new dynamic model. In addition, this work reviews the existing literature on viral marketing and structures to identify existing issues for further research. The decision‐making process is basically divided into two stages. In the first decision stage, individuals decide whether content should be considered. When individuals agree to view the content, they decide in the second stage whether they want to interact with it. These two decisions are influenced by three factors: the framework conditions, content, and interaction aims. With the help of the decision model, this paper summarizes the most important findings from viral marketing research over the last 20 years. In addition, this work provides new opportunities for further research in the field of viral marketing. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.21256 SN - 1520-6793 VL - 36 IS - 11 SP - 1062 EP - 1081 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meinel, Birgit A1 - Langner, Thomas A1 - Preis, Pirmin A1 - Wefringhaus, Eckard A1 - Acker, Jörg T1 - A two-step acidic texturization procedure for the manufacture of lowreflective multi-crystalline silicon solar wafer T2 - Solar Energy N2 - Texturization of multi-crystalline silicon wafers for photovoltaic application comprises the removal of the saw damage and shaping the topography of the bulk surface to create a surface with a low reflectivity, the so-called texture. Etching of multi-crystalline silicon wafers is usually carried out with acid mixtures consisting of hydrofluoric acid (HF), nitric acid (HNO₃) and hexafluorosilicic acid (H₂SiF₆). The present study reveals that such acid mixtures diluted by water or modified by the addition of ammonia solution, NH₃ (added as ammonium hydroxide solution, NH₄OH) can create textures with a significantly increased surface area exceeding that obtained by standard etching mixtures by a factor of 2.5–3. This yields a significantly reduced reflectivity of the etched wafer surface. However, the addition of water or NH₃ causes a very low etching rate, which makes such mixtures inapplicable for industrial application. To overcome this disadvantage, a two-step etching regime was developed to produce surface-enlarged solar wafers within a timespan typical for industrial production lines. This procedure comprises a first step of slow etching with a NH₃-modified etching mixture to pre-shape the ascut wafer surface. The second etching step is performed with a typical HF/HNO₃/H₂SiF₆ etching mixture that finalizes the texturization. Electrical measurements made on solar cells produced from such etched wafer confirm the improved surface quality of the two-step etched wafer compared to the reference wafer. KW - acidic texturization KW - multi-crystalline silicon KW - reflectivity KW - solar cell parameter KW - topography KW - confocal microscopy Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2019.09.051 SN - 0038-092X VL - 193 SP - 395 EP - 402 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rietig, Anja A1 - Langner, Thomas A1 - Acker, Jörg T1 - A revised model of silicon oxidation during the dissolution of silicon in HF/HNO₃ mixtures T2 - Physical chemistry, chemical physics N2 - The stoichiometry of wet chemical etching of silicon in concentrated HF/HNO₃ mixtures was investigated. The formation of nitrogen species enriched in the etching mixture and their reactivity during the etching process was studied. The main focus of the investigations was the comprehensive quantification of the gaseous reaction products using mass spectrometry. Whereas previously it could only be speculated that nitrogen was a product, its formation was detected for the first time. The formation of hydrogen, N₂, N₂O and NH₄⁺ showed a dependence on the etching bath volume used, which indicates the formation of nitrogen compounds by side reactions. Simultaneously, the ratio of the nitrogen oxides, NO and NO₂, formed decreases with increasing etching bath volume, while nitric acid consumption increases, so that the formation of NO₂ could also be identified as a side reaction. Based on the stoichiometries obtained, a new reaction scheme for the reduction of nitric acid during etching in HF/HNO₃ mixtures and an electron balance for the oxidation of silicon is presented. KW - silicon KW - etching KW - mechanism KW - nitrogen oxide KW - hydrogen KW - mass spectrometry KW - Raman spectroscopy KW - kinetics Y1 - 2019 UR - https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2019/CP/C9CP04429A#!divAbstract U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/c9cp04429a SN - 1463-9076 VL - 21 SP - 22002 EP - 22013 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Pożarowska, Emilia A1 - Kegelmann, Lukas A1 - Tsud, Nataliya A1 - Kot, Małgorzata T1 - Point Defect-Mediated Interface Formation and Appearance of a Cooper Minimum for AlOₓ Atomic-Layer-Deposited Films on CH₃NH₃PbI₃ T2 - The Journal of Physical Chemistry. C N2 - We report on the interaction of CH₃NH₃PbI₃ substrates with AlOx films prepared by atomic layer deposition at room temperature. We use synchrotron radiation-based photoemission spectroscopy and study the Pb 4f, I 3d, and Al 2p core levels as well as the corresponding valence band states (Pb 5d and O 2p). A Cooper minimum is observed for both the Pb 5d and O 2p states, and it indicates that the bonding at the interface must be covalent. We focus on the electronic properties of the substrate and its interface and identify a delicate charge balance between polaronic and excitonic states in MAPI and AlOₓ. The perovskite vacancy sites, identified by changes in the core-level intensities, mediate the charge balance and covalent interaction. KW - Resonant photoelectron spectroscopy KW - Al₂O₃-CH₃NH₃PbI₃ interaction KW - Cooper minimum KW - point defects in CH₃NH₃PbI₃ KW - electronic structure of CH₃NH₃PbI₃ Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b05282 SN - 1932-7447 SN - 1932-7455 VL - 123 IS - 38 SP - 23352 EP - 23360 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rakhi, Rakhi A1 - Klein, Marten A1 - Medina Méndez, Juan Ali A1 - Schmidt, Heiko T1 - One-dimensional turbulence modelling of incompressible temporally developing turbulent boundary layers with comparison to DNS T2 - Journal of Turbulence N2 - The incompressible temporally developing turbulent boundary layer (TBL) is analysed using the map-based stochastic one-dimensional turbulence (ODT) model. The TBL is a canonical flow problem, which is, in the present study, formed by a planar moving wall and a free stream at rest. An understanding of this idealised flow is of fundamental relevance for the numerical analysis of turbulent boundary-layer-type flows. In the present ODT simulations, the flow variables are resolved on all scales along a wall-normal, one-dimensional domain. These variables are evolved by a deterministic and a stochastic process. The latter models the effect of turbulent advection and pressure fluctuations, whereas the former represents molecular diffusion. The model is appropriate for high Reynolds numbers for which the turbulence field exhibits a broad range of scales and is notionally featureless. We show that ODT is able to capture salient features of the TBL by comparing the various statistics with available reference direct numerical simulation (DNS) results for different bulk Reynolds numbers in the range 250 ≤ Reb ≤ 2000 using fixed model parameters. The influence of the model parameters is analysed for Reb = 1000 and optimal parameter values are provided. The results discussed in this paper suggest that ODT is an economical and reasonably accurate approach for the simulation of transient turbulent boundary-layer-type flows. KW - one-dimensional turbulence KW - stochastic modeling KW - turbulent boundary layers Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/14685248.2019.1674859 SN - 1468-5248 VL - 20 IS - 8 SP - 506 EP - 543 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kazula, Stefan A1 - Höschler, Klaus T1 - Ice detection and protection systems for circular variable nacelle inlet concepts T2 - CEAS Aeronautical Journal N2 - This paper presents the challenge of ice protection within a concept study for variable pitot inlets of aero engines in transonic and supersonic civil aviation. An overview of variable inlet concept groups that adjust the inlet geometry by rigid segment repositioning, elastic surface deformation, or boundary layer control is given. Ice detection mechanisms and various pneumatic, fluid, as well as electric ice protection systems are presented. These ice protection systems are assigned to the respective inlet concept groups and evaluated regarding economic, functional, and safety requirements by means of pairwise comparison and weighted point rating to determine the most suitable combinations. KW - Ice protection in aviation KW - Variable aero engine inlet KW - Morphing nacelle intake Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s13272-019-00413-1 SN - 1869-5590 VL - 11 IS - 1 SP - 229 EP - 248 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vora, Alpesh Laxman A1 - Stepputat, Jan A1 - Riebel, Ulrich T1 - Force and current in a contact gap between single highly resistive, particles: experimental observations T2 - Journal of Physics Communications N2 - In case of electrical conduction through highly resistive dust layers, the generation of electrostatic adhesion force is strongly coupled to the mechanism of electrical (current) transport in the solid. High field strengths lead to a significant increase of the adhesive force. Here, more insight into the underlying mechanisms is given by experiments on the microscopic scale. An experimental arrangement is described which allows to study a particle pair subject to a strong electric field. Both the current and the force between the particles (150 μm) can be measured as a function of voltage and gap distance. The results show an extremely complex behaviour of the contact for the case of highly resistive particles. For current transport, both gas discharges and thermionic field emission are observed, depending on the width of the contact gap and the field strength. For both the force and the current across the gap, a strongly non-linear behaviour with pronounced time effects is observed. KW - electret KW - micro discharge KW - charge trapping KW - Paschen law KW - Thermionic field emission KW - space charge effect KW - particle interaction Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/2399-6528/ab3e2b SN - 2399-6528 VL - 3 IS - 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nies, A. A1 - Proft, L. A1 - Nehring, M. E. A1 - Gruber, Cnristian A1 - Sievers, H. A1 - Hünigen, Hana A1 - Rodruigues, A. G. A1 - Gemeinhardt, Ole A1 - Mrowietz, Christof A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Hiebl, Bernhard T1 - Growth-related micromorphological characteristics of the porcine femoral artery T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-199219 SN - 1875-8622 VL - 73 IS - 1 SP - 195 EP - 201 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gerk, U. A1 - Franke, Ralf-Peter A1 - Jung, Ernst Michael A1 - Scheller, B. A1 - Krüger-Genge, Anne A1 - Jung, Friedrich T1 - Imaging of coronary arteries using ionic versus non-ionic radiographic contrast media: Intraindividual comparison study T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-199217 SN - 1875-8622 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Park, J. W. A1 - Matschke, K. A1 - Mrowietz, Christof A1 - Krüger-Genge, Anne A1 - Jung, Friedrich T1 - HELP-(Heparin-induced Extracorporeal LDL Precipitation)-apheresis in heart recipients with cardiac allograft vasculopathy and concomitant hypercholesterolemia: Influence of long-term treatment on the microcirculation T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-199216 SN - 1875-8622 VL - 73 IS - 1 SP - 19 EP - 27 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shrestha, Krishna Prasad A1 - Vin, Nicolas A1 - Herbinet, Olivier A1 - Seidel, Lars A1 - Battin-Leclerc, Frédérique A1 - Zeuch, Thomas A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - Insights into nitromethane combustion from detailed kinetic modeling – Pyrolysis experiments in jet-stirred and flow reactors T2 - Fuel N2 - The pyrolysis of nitromethane highly diluted in helium was studied in a plug flow reactor and in a jet-stirred reactor at 1.07 bar and over the temperature range from 500 to 1100 K. Mole fraction profiles of major products and of intermediates were identified with gas chromatography and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Using these experimental data, as well as published ones, we have developed a newly compiled model for the prediction of the pyrolysis and of the oxidation of nitromethane in jet-stirred and flow reactors, freely propagating, and burner-stabilized premixed flames, as well as in shock-tubes. The experimental results from the present work and from the literature are interpreted with the help of the kinetic model derived here. This study mainly focuses on the analysis of speciation in different reactors. Among the nitrogenous species, NO is found to be a major product for pyrolysis and oxidation. The model suggests that for nitromethane pyrolysis and oxidation the thermal dissociation channel to CH3 and NO2 is the main reaction path for the nitromethane degradation followed by the H-atom abstraction channel. The most sensitive reactions for nitromethane pyrolysis in a flow reactor and during pyrolysis and oxidation in a jet-stirred reactor are found to be CH3NO2(+M) ⇋ CH3 + NO2(+M) and CH3 + NO2 ⇋ CH3O + NO. The reaction CH3 + NO2 ⇋ CH3O + NO is found to be the most important reaction for all conditions studied. In a burner-stabilized premixed flame, as the mixture gets richer, the thermal dissociation channel CH3NO2(+M) ⇋ CH3 + NO2(+M) becomes more important as the contribution of the H-atom abstraction channel is decreased. Furthermore, in the burner-stabilized premixed flames, it was found that NO is mainly formed via NO2: NO2 + H ⇋ NO + OH, NO2 + CH3 ⇋ CH3O + NO. The model provided an overall reasonable agreement with the experimental data. However, for pyrolysis conditions, future work is desirable to improve predictions of intermediate species. This work extends the kinetic database and helps to improve the understanding of nitromethane chemistry. The kinetic model presented in this work can serve as a base model for hydrocarbons and oxygenated fuels higher than C2 and nitrogen-containing compounds higher than C1 as well as for pure nitrogen compounds. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S001623611931703X#! U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2019.116349 SN - 0016-2361 VL - 261 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gerling, Charlotte A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Theesfeld, Insa A1 - Drechsler, Martin A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte A1 - Isselstein, Johannes A1 - Pirscher, Frauke A1 - Rücker, Jacqueline A1 - Sturm, Astrid T1 - Modeling the co-evolution of natural, economic and governance subsystems in integrated agri-ecological systems: Perspectives and challenges T2 - Ecological Complexity Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecocom.2019.100792 SN - 1476-945X VL - Volume 40, Part A ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoffmann, Jan T1 - Die EU 27 im Jahr 2025 – Abschied vom Inbild einer »immer engeren Union«? T2 - Audit Committee Quarterly – Das Magazin für Corporate Governance (ACQ) N2 - In Reaktion auf vielfältige unionale Krisenherde hatte die EU-Kommission unter Jean-Claude Juncker bereits Anfang 2017 ein „Weißbuch zur Zukunft Europas“ vorgelegt. Gemäß EU-Glossar besteht der Zweck eines solchen Weißbuchs darin, eine Debatte in der Öffentlichkeit, bei Interessengruppen, dem Europäischen Parlament und dem Rat in Gang zu bringen. Dieses Ziel wurde zwar erreicht; über die Zukunft der EU 27 ohne das Vereinigte Königreich Großbritannien und Nordirland (Stichwort: Brexit) ist vielerorts diskutiert und reflektiert worden. Entgegen dem Ansinnen des scheidenden Kommissionspräsidenten ist es jedoch nicht gelungen, diesen Diskurs vor der neuen Legislaturperiode des Europäischen Parlaments im Juni dieses Jahres abzuschließen. Die neue (deutsche) Kommissionspräsidentin hat in ihren Politischen Leitlinien für die künftige Europäische Kommission nunmehr vorgeschlagen, eine Konferenz zur Zukunft Europas einzuberufen, die im Jahr 2020 starten und zwei Jahre andauern soll. Mit Ergebnissen ist daher frühestens Ende 2021 zu rechnen. Die Agenda dieser Zukunfts-Konferenz dürfte sich freilich an den Weißbuchszenarien aus dem Jahr 2017 orientieren... KW - Europäische Union KW - Integration KW - Zukunft KW - EU27 Y1 - 2019 UR - https://audit-committee-institute.de/media/aci_quarterly_2019_3.pdf#page=31 SN - 2509-2936 SN - 2509-2944 IS - III SP - 31 EP - 33 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Martienssen, Marion A1 - Böllmann, Jörg A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte A1 - Rathsack, Kristina T1 - Calculation of hypolimnic denitrification in a dimictic freshwater lake during summer stratification T2 - Aquatic Microbial Ecology KW - Denitrification KW - freshwater Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3354/ame01911 SN - 0948-3055 SN - 1616-1564 VL - 83 IS - 2 SP - 189 EP - 201 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wendland, David T1 - Architekturzeichnung und ihre Rolle beim Entwurf komplexer Werksteinkonstruktionen in Spätmittelalter und Früher Neuzeit. Überlegungen am Beispiel der Katharinenkapelle im Straßburger Münster T2 - Architectura : Zeitschrift für Geschichte der Baukunst Y1 - 2019 SN - 2569-1554 VL - 47.2017 IS - 1-2 SP - 1 EP - 23 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kot, Małgorzata A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Müller, Klaus A1 - Kegelmann, Lukas A1 - Albrecht, Steve A1 - Tsud, Nataliya A1 - Kús, Peter A1 - Matolinová, Iva A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Al2O3-Atomic Layer Deposited Films on CH3NH3PbI3 : Intrinsic Defects and Passivation Mechanisms T2 - Energy Technology , The Journal of Physical Chemistry C N2 - The initial interaction of atomic layer deposited films of Al2O3 at room temperature on CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPI) films is studied. Synchrotron radiation–based photoelectron spectroscopy is applied to analyze the initial changes in the Al-derived features by comparing samples with different Al2O3 film thicknesses. It is found that polarons and excitons, both intrinsic defects of Al2O3, play a key role in the interface formation. The polaronic states uptake a charge from the MAPI substrate. This charge is transferred to and stabilized in the excitonic state of Al2O3 which is assigned to predominately tetrahedral coordinated Al sites. This charge transfer is initiated by vacancies present in the MAPI substrate and stabilizes a covalent bonding at the Al2O3–MAPI interface but also causes a roughening of the interface which may lead to the formation of grain boundaries. On top of the rough interface, 2D Al2O3 clusters with an increasing number of octahedrally coordinated Al—O bonds grow, and with increasing Al2O3 coverage, they introduce self-healing of the structural defects. KW - charge donation and transfer cycles KW - covalent interfaces KW - defect monitoring KW - model of Al2O3–CH3NH3PbI3 interactions KW - resonant photoelectron spectroscopy Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.201900975 SN - 2194-4288 SN - 2194-4296 VL - 7 IS - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Laaser, Knut T1 - ‘Customers were not objects to suck bloodfrom’: Social relations in UK retail banks under changing performance managementsystems T2 - Industrial Relations Journal Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/irj.12267 SN - 0019-8692 VL - 50 IS - 5/6 SP - 532 EP - 547 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rüth, Jan A1 - Kunze, Ike A1 - Hohlfeld, Oliver T1 - TCP's Initial Window - Deployment in the Wild and its Impact on Performance T2 - IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management Y1 - 2019 UR - https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8629948 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TNSM.2019.2896335 SN - 1932-4537 SN - 2373-7379 VL - 16 IS - 2 SP - 389 EP - 402 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Frank, Martin A1 - Lurz, Fabian A1 - Weigel, Robert A1 - Kölpin, Alexander T1 - Compact low-cost substrate integrated waveguide fed antenna for 122 GHz radar applications T2 - International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/S1759078719000072 SN - 1759-0795 SN - 1759-0787 VL - 11 IS - 4 SP - 1 EP - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Michler, Fabian A1 - Shi, Kilin A1 - Schellenberger, Sven A1 - Steigleder, Tobias A1 - Malessa, Anke A1 - Hameyer, Laura A1 - Neumann, Nina A1 - Lurz, Fabian A1 - Ostgathe, Christoph A1 - Weigel, Robert A1 - Kölpin, Alexander T1 - A Clinically Evaluated Interferometric Continuous-Wave Radar System for the Contactless Measurement of Human Vital Parameters T2 - Sensors Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/s19112492 SN - 1424-8220 VL - 19 IS - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lau, Isabella A1 - Hajian, Ali A1 - Michler, Fabian A1 - Gold, Gerald A1 - Lurz, Fabian A1 - Schmid, Ulrich A1 - Helmreich, Klaus A1 - Weigel, Robert A1 - Kölpin, Alexander T1 - Influence of the PCB Manufacturing Process on the Measurement Error of Planar Relative Permittivity Sensors Up To 100 GHz T2 - IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2019.2910114 SN - 1557-9670 SN - 0018-9480 VL - 67 IS - 7 SP - 2793 EP - 2804 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shi, Kilin A1 - Schellenberger, Sven A1 - Michler, Fabian A1 - Steigleder, Tobias A1 - Malessa, Anke A1 - Lurz, Fabian A1 - Ostgathe, Christoph A1 - Weigel, Robert A1 - Kölpin, Alexander T1 - Automatic Signal Quality Index Determination of Radar-Recorded Heart Sound Signals Using Ensemble Classification T2 - IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TBME.2019.2921071 SN - 1558-2531 SN - 0018-9294 VL - 67 IS - 3 SP - 773 EP - 785 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Trautmann, Martin A1 - Sanftl, Benedikt A1 - Weigel, Robert A1 - Kölpin, Alexander T1 - Simultaneous Inductive Power and Data Transmission System for Smart Applications T2 - IEEE Circuits and Systems Magazine Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/MCAS.2019.2924508 SN - 1531-636X SN - 1558-0830 VL - 19 IS - 3 SP - 23 EP - 33 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Korolov, Ihor A1 - Donko, Zoltan A1 - Hübner, Gerrit A1 - Bischoff, Lena A1 - Hartmann, Peter A1 - Gans, Timo A1 - Liu, Yue A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas A1 - Schulze, Julian T1 - Control of electron dynamics, radical and metastable species generation in atmospheric pressure RF plasma jets by Voltage Waveform Tailoring T2 - Plasma Sources Science and Technology Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6595/ab38ea SN - 0963-0252 SN - 1361-6595 VL - 28 IS - 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krüger, Florian A1 - Wilczek, Sebastian A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas A1 - Schulze, Julian T1 - Voltage waveform tailoring in radio frequency plasmas for surface charge neutralization inside etch trenches T2 - Plasma Sources Science and Technology Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6595/ab2c72 SN - 963-0252 SN - 1361-6595 VL - 28 IS - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Frederik A1 - Trieschmann, Jan A1 - Gergs, Tobias A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas T1 - A generic method for equipping arbitrary rf discharge simulation frameworks with external lumped element circuits T2 - Journal of Applied Physics Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5091965 SN - 1089-7550 SN - 0021-8979 VL - 125 IS - 17 SP - 173106 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pickenhain, Sabine A1 - Burtchen, Angie T1 - Problems in the Calculus of Variations on Unbounded Intervals—Fourier–Laguerre Analysis and Approximations T2 - Vietnam Journal of Mathematics N2 - In this paper, we consider a class of variational problems on an unbounded interval of the real axis. This type of problems arises, e.g., in quantum mechanics and asymptotic controllability. The problem is treated in a Hilbert space setting with uniformly and non-uniformly weighted Sobolev spaces as state spaces. We provide sufficient conditions that a function from a weighted Sobolev space can be expanded into a Fourier–Laguerre series converging together with its distributional derivative pointwisely and uniformly. With this result, the considered variational problem is transformed into a problem in the sequence space of Fourier–Laguerre coefficients. We develop a Fourier–Laguerre method in these spaces in order to construct a polynomial approximation scheme for the solution of this problem. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10013-019-00349-3 SN - 2305-221X SN - 2305-2228 VL - 47 IS - 3 SP - 617 EP - 638 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Puppe, Daniel A1 - Wanner, Manfred A1 - Sommer, Michael T1 - Data on euglyphid testate amoeba densities, corresponding protozoic silicon pools, and selected soil parameters of initial and forested biogeosystems T2 - Data in Brief Y1 - 2018 SN - 2352-3409 VL - 21 SP - 1697 EP - 1703 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wanner, Manfred A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Shimizu, Miki A1 - Shimano, Satoshi D. A1 - Puppe, Daniel T1 - Soil Testate Amoebae and Diatoms as Bioindicators of an Old Heavy Metal Contaminated Floodplain in Japan T2 - Microbial Ecology Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-019- 01383-x SN - 1432-184X SN - 0095-3628 VL - 79 IS - 1 SP - 123 EP - 133 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hofman, Jakub A1 - Sorf, Ales A1 - Vagiannis, Dimitrios A1 - Sucha, Simona A1 - Novotna, Eva A1 - Kammerer, Sarah A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner A1 - Ceckova, Martina A1 - Staud, Frantisek T1 - Interactions of Alectinib with Human ATP-Binding Cassette Drug Efflux Transporters and Cytochrome P450 Biotransformation Enzymes: Effect on Pharmacokinetic Multidrug Resistance T2 - Drug Metabolism and Disposition Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1124/dmd.119.086975 SN - 1521-009X SN - 0090-9556 VL - 47 IS - 7 SP - 699 EP - 709 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Steinbrecht, Susanne A1 - Kammerer, Sarah A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner T1 - HepG2 cells with recombinant cytochrome P450 enzyme overexpression: Their use and limitation as in vitro liver model T2 - Journal of Cellular Biotechnology Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/JCB-189013 SN - 2352-3697 SN - 2352-3689 VL - 5 IS - 1 SP - 55 EP - 64 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hofman, Jakub A1 - Sorf, Ales A1 - Vagiannis, Dimitrios A1 - Sucha, Simona A1 - Kammerer, Sarah A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner A1 - Chen, Si A1 - Guo, Lei A1 - Ceckova, Martina A1 - Staud, Frantisek T1 - Brivanib Exhibits Potential for Pharmacokinetic Drug-Drug Interactions and the Modulation of Multidrug Resistance through the Inhibition of Human ABCG2 Drug Efflux Transporter and CYP450 Biotransformation Enzymes T2 - Molecular Pharmaceutics Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b00361 VL - 16 IS - 11 SP - 4436 EP - 4450 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Haileka, Vanessa A1 - George, Sandra A1 - Steinbrecht, Susanne A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Reinehr, R. A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner T1 - Colon cancer cells cultured under hyperosmotic conditions as in vitro model to investigate dehydration effects on cancer drug susceptibility T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-199210 SN - 1875-8622 VL - 73 IS - 1 SP - 169 EP - 176 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schulz, Christian A1 - Kammerer, Sarah A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner T1 - NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase expression and enzymatic activity in primary-like human hepatocytes and HepG2 cells for in vitro biotransformation studies T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-199226 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 73 IS - 1 SP - 249 EP - 260 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krüger-Genge, Anne A1 - Blocki, Anna A1 - Franke, Ralf-Peter A1 - Jung, Friedrich T1 - Vascular Endothelial Cell Biology: An Update T2 - International Journal of Molecular Sciences Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20184411 SN - 1422-0067 SN - 1661-6596 VL - 20 IS - 18 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zahari, Finn A1 - Schlichting, Felix A1 - Strobel, Julian A1 - Dirkmann, Sven A1 - Cipo, Julia A1 - Gauter, Sven A1 - Trieschmann, Jan A1 - Marquardt, Richard A1 - Haberfehlner, Georg A1 - Kothleitner, Gerald A1 - Kienle, Lorenz A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas A1 - Ziegler, Martin A1 - Kersten, Holger A1 - Kohlstedt, Hermann T1 - Correlation between sputter deposition parameters and I-V characteristics in double-barrier memristive devices T2 - Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1116/1.5119984 SN - 1520-8559 VL - 37 IS - 6 SP - 061203 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wright Larsen, Axel A1 - Korsholm, Søren Bang A1 - Gonçalves, Bruno A1 - Gutierrez, H. E. A1 - Henriques, Elsa A1 - Infante, V. A1 - Jensen, Thais Cristine A1 - Jessen, Mikkel A1 - Klinkby, Esben A1 - Nonbøl, E. A1 - Luis, R. A1 - Vale, Alberto A1 - Lopes, André A1 - Naulin, V. A1 - Nielsen, S. K. A1 - Salewski, Mirko A1 - Rasmussen, Janie A1 - Taormina, A. A1 - Møllsøe, C. A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas A1 - Trieschmann, Jan T1 - Mitigation of EC breakdown in the gyrotron transmission line of the ITER Collective Thomson Scattering diagnostic via a Split Biased Waveguide T2 - Journal of Instrumentation Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/14/11/C11009 SN - 1748-0221 VL - 14 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Clason, Christian A1 - Deng, Yu A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick A1 - Prüfert, Uwe T1 - Optimal control problems with control complementarity constraints: existence results, optimality conditions, and a penalty method T2 - Optimization Methods and Software N2 - A special class of optimal control problems with complementarity constraints on the control functions is studied. It is shown that such problems possess optimal solutions whenever the underlying control space is a first-order Sobolev space. After deriving necessary optimality conditions of strong stationarity-type, a penalty method based on the Fischer–Burmeister function is suggested and its theoretical properties are analyzed. Finally, the numerical treatment of the problem is discussed and results of computational experiments are presented. KW - Fischer–Burmeister function KW - mathematical problems with complementarity constraints KW - optimal control KW - optimality conditions KW - penalty method Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/10556788.2019.1604705 SN - 1055-6788 SN - 1029-4937 VL - 35 IS - 1 SP - 142 EP - 170 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dempe, Stephan A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick T1 - Semivectorial bilevel programming versus scalar bilevel programming T2 - Optimization N2 - We consider an optimistic semivectorial bilevel programming problem in Banach spaces. The associated lower level multicriteria optimization problem is assumed to be convex w.r.t. its decision variable. This property implies that all its weakly efficient points can be computed applying the weighted-sum-scalarization technique. Consequently, it is possible to replace the overall semivectorial bilevel programming problem by means of a standard bilevel programming problem whose upper level variables comprise the set of suitable scalarization parameters for the lower level problem. In this note, we consider the relationship between this surrogate bilevel programming problem and the original semivectorial bilevel programming problem. As it will be shown, this is a delicate issue as long as locally optimal solutions are investigated. The obtained theory is applied in order to derive existence results for semivectorial bilevel programming problems with not necessarily finite-dimensional lower level decision variables. Some regarding examples from bilevel optimal control are presented. KW - Bilevel programming KW - existence theory KW - multiobjective optimization KW - optimal control Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/02331934.2019.1625900 SN - 0233-1934 SN - 1029-4945 VL - 69 IS - 4 SP - 657 EP - 679 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kanzow, Christian A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick A1 - Steck, Daniel T1 - Relaxation schemes for mathematical programmes with switching constraints T2 - Optimization Methods and Software N2 - Switching-constrained optimization problems form a difficult class of mathematical programmes since their feasible set is almost disconnected while standard constraint qualifications are likely to fail at several feasible points. That is why the application of standard methods from nonlinear programming does not seem to be promising in order to solve such problems. In this paper, we adapt several relaxation methods which are well known from the numerical treatment of mathematical programmes with complementarity constraints to the setting of switching-constrained optimization. A detailed convergence analysis is provided for the adapted relaxation schemes of Scholtes as well as Kanzow and Schwartz. While Scholtes' method and the relaxation scheme of Steffensen and Ulbrich only find weakly stationary points in general, it is shown that the adapted relaxation scheme of Kanzow and Schwartz is capable of identifying Mordukhovich-stationary points of switching-constrained programmes under suitable assumptions. Some computational experiments and a numerical comparison of the proposed methods based on examples from logical programming, switching control, and portfolio optimization close the paper. KW - Constraint qualifications KW - mathematical programme with switching constraints KW - relaxation methods KW - global convergence Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/10556788.2019.1663425 SN - 1055-6788 SN - 1029-4937 VL - 36 IS - 6 SP - 1223 EP - 1258 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick T1 - On the linear independence constraint qualification in disjunctive programming T2 - Optimization N2 - Mathematical programmes with disjunctive constraints (MPDCs for short) cover several different problem classes from nonlinear optimization including complementarity-, vanishing-, cardinality- and switching-constrained optimization problems. In this paper, we introduce an abstract but reasonable version of the prominent linear independence constraint qualification which applies to MPDCs. Afterwards, we derive first- and second-order optimality conditions for MPDCs under validity of this constraint qualification based on so-called strongly stationary points. Finally, we apply our findings to some popular classes of disjunctive programmes and compare the obtained results to those ones available in the literature. Particularly, new second-order optimality conditions for mathematical programmes with switching constraints are by-products of our approach. KW - Constraint qualifications KW - disjunctive programming KW - linear independence constraint qualification KW - strong stationarity KW - second-order optimality conditions Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/02331934.2019.1679811 SN - 0233-1934 SN - 1029-4945 VL - Vol. 69 (2020) IS - 10 SP - 2241 EP - 2277 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Efimov, Denis A1 - Schiffer, Johannes T1 - On boundedness of solutions of state periodic systems: a multivariable cell structure approach T2 - IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control N2 - Many dynamical systems are periodic with respect to several state variables. This periodicity typically leads to the coexistence of multiple invariant solutions (equilibria or limit cycles). As a consequence, while there are many classical techniques for analysis of boundedness and stability of such systems, most of these only permit to establish local properties. Motivated by this, a new sufficient criterion for global boundedness of solutions of such a class of nonlinear systems is presented. The proposed method is inspired by the cell structure approach developed by Leonov and Noldus and characterized by two main advances. First, the conventional cell structure framework is extended to the case of dynamics, which are periodic with respect to multiple states. Second, by introducing the notion of a Leonov function, the usual definiteness requirements of standard Lyapunov functions are relaxed to sign-indefinite functions. Furthermore, it is shown that under (mild) additional conditions the existence of a Leonov function also ensures input-to-state stability, i.e., robustness with respect to exogenous perturbations. The performance of the proposed approach is demonstrated via the global analysis of boundedness of trajectories for a nonlinear system. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TAC.2019.2892395 SN - 0018-9286 SN - 1558-2523 VL - 64 IS - 10 SP - 4094 EP - 4104 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meyer, Roland T1 - From Artefacts to Interfaces: Gui Bonsiepe and the Re-Definition of Industrial Design, c. 1970 T2 - Interface Critique Journal KW - Designtheorie Y1 - 2019 UR - https://interfacecritique.net/journal/meye/ SN - 2570-0480 SN - 2570-0472 VL - 2 IS - 2 SP - 235 EP - 241 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Feldmann, Markus A1 - Ummenhofer, Thomas A1 - Geßler, Achim A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Kasper, Yann A1 - Albiez, Matthias A1 - Ciupack, Yvonne A1 - Ledecky, Lukas T1 - Einsatz geklebter CFK-Lamellen zur Verstärkung ermüdungsgeschädigter Stahlkonstruktionen T2 - Schweissen und Schneiden: Fachzeitschrift für Schweißen und verwandte Verfahren Y1 - 2019 SN - 0036-7184 IS - 11 SP - 738 EP - 745 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Steinbrecht, Susanne A1 - Pfeifer, Nadine A1 - Herzog, Natalie A1 - Katzenberger, Nadine A1 - Schulz, Christian A1 - Kammerer, Sarah A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner T1 - HepG2-1A2 C2 and C7: Lentivirus vector-mediated stable and functional overexpression of cytochrome P450 1A2 in human hepatoblastoma cells T2 - Toxicology Letters N2 - Novel HepG2 cell clones 1A2 C2 and 1A2 C7 were independently generated by lentiviral transduction to functionally overexpress cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2). We found similar and stable CYP1A2 transcript and protein levels in both cell clones leading to specific enzyme activities of about 370 pmol paracetamol x min-1 x mg-1 protein analyzed by phenacetin conversion. Both clones showed dramatically increased sensitivity to the hepatotoxic compound aflatoxin B1 (EC50<100 nM) when compared to parental HepG2 cells (EC50 ∼5 μM). Thus, newly established cell lines are an appropriate tool to study metabolism and toxicity of substances depending on conversion by CYP1A2. KW - HepG2 KW - CYP1A2 KW - Cytochrome P450 KW - Liver metabolism Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.11.006 SN - 0378-4274 VL - 319 SP - 155 EP - 159 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Connes, Philippe A1 - Lehmann, Christian T1 - A.L. Copley Best Paper Prize 2018 T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-199008 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 72 IS - 2 SP - 117 EP - 118 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lau, S. A1 - Rangarajan, R. A1 - Krüger-Genge, Anne A1 - Braune, Steffen A1 - Kammerer, Sarah A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner A1 - Lendlein, Andreas A1 - Jung, Friedrich T1 - Effects of acrolein in comparison to its prodrug cyclophosphamide on human primary endothelial cells in vitro T2 - Toxicology in Vitro N2 - Cyclophosphamide (CPA) is one of the most successful anticancer prodrugs that becomes effective after biotransformation in the liver resulting in the toxic metabolite acrolein. Cancer is often accompanied by thromboembolic events, which might be a result of dysfunctional endothelial cells due to CPA treatment. Here, the effect of 1 mM CPA or acrolein (10/50/100/500 μM) on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was analyzed after two days of treatment. The addition of CPA or 10 μM acrolein did not affect HUVECs. However, concentrations of 100 μM and 500 μM acrolein significantly reduced the number of adherent cells by 86 ± 13% and 99 ± 1% and cell viability by 51 ± 29% and 93 ± 8% compared to the control. Moreover, pronounced stress fibers as well as multiple nuclei were observed and von Willebrand factor (vWF) was completely released. Lactate dehydrogenase was 8.5 ± 7.0-fold and 252.9 ± 42.9-fold increased showing a loss of cell membrane integrity. The prostacyclin and thromboxane secretion was significantly increased by the addition of 500 μM acrolein (43.1 ± 17.6-fold and 246.4 ± 106.3-fold) indicating cell activation/pertubation. High doses of acrolein led to HUVEC death and loss of vWF production. This effect might be associated with the increased incidence of thromboembolic events in cancer patients treated with high doses of CPA. KW - Human umbilical venous endothelial cells KW - Acrolein KW - Aneuploidy KW - von Willebrand factor KW - in vitro study Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tiv.2019.104685 SN - 0887-2333 VL - 62 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Krüger-Genge, Anne A1 - Waldeck, Peter A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner T1 - Spirulina platensis, a super food? T2 - Journal of Cellular Biotechnology N2 - Spirulina platensis, a multicelluar, photosynthetic prokaryote (algae) contains a high amount of proteins, vitamins and minerals superior to many foods as e.g. soybeans. Thus, Spirulina platensis was recognized as nutritious food by the United Nations World Food Conference. Due to the high amount of nutritive ingredients Spirulina has a long history as dietary supplement. In addition, spirulina platensis is also efficiently used as forage with known effects on flesh, egg and plumage color, milk yield and fertility. The versatile utilization of the alga can be explained on the one hand with the nutrient levels and on the other hand with recognized effects as anti-viral, anti-bacterial, anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory substance. Therefore, this alga is named as “superfood”. Beyond, these algae convert carbon dioxide into organic substances and produce oxygen during their growth in alkaline and saline water thereby not wasting fresh water allowing the production in barren areas. Despite this diverse use of Spirulina platensis due to its beneficial properties, many basic mechanisms on a molecular and cellular level are not well understood and should be explored in future studies. KW - Spirulina KW - health effects KW - dietary supplements KW - liver protection KW - virus infection KW - HIV KW - nutrition KW - animal feeding Y1 - 2019 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/journal-of-cellular-biotechnology/jcb189012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/JCB-189012 SN - 2352-3689 SN - 2352-3697 VL - 5 IS - 1 SP - 43 EP - 54 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krüger-Genge, Anne A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner A1 - Lehmann, Christian A1 - Franke, Ralf-Peter T1 - Actin type and distribution in erythrocytes T2 - Journal of Cellular Biotechnology N2 - Erythrocytes transport oxygen from the lungs to the tissues. The excess surface area together with the elasticity of the erythrocyte cell membrane provides the flexibility needed to pass through the microvasculature where the oxygen exchange occurs. Although the architecture of the red cell and its membrane-associated cytoskeletal network is known in general, the factors that control the characteristic shape change during echinocyte formation are poorly understood. In this short report we show that in echinocytes a completely reorganized membrane cytoskeleton with a box-like structure of actin filaments prevailed indicating the importance of the actin cytoskeleton during echinocyte formation. KW - Erythrocytes KW - echinocytes KW - submembraneous cytoskeleton KW - actin Y1 - 2018 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/journal-of-cellular-biotechnology/jcb179014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/JCB-179014 SN - 2352-3697 SN - 2352-3689 VL - 3 IS - 2 SP - 81 EP - 83 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Skedzuhn-Safir, Alexandra A1 - Schneider, Peter Irenäus T1 - All mapped out T2 - International Journal of Heritage & Museum Studies Y1 - 2019 UR - http://tourism.helwan.edu.eg/IJHMS/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Volume-1.pdf VL - 1 SP - 31 EP - 44 ER - TY - GEN A1 - León, Larisa A1 - Ruwe, Lena A1 - Moshammer, Kai A1 - Seidel, Lars A1 - Shrestha, Krishna Prasad A1 - Wang, Xiaoxiao A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Kohse-Höinghaus, Katharina A1 - Hansen, Nils T1 - Chemical insights into the larger sooting tendency of 2-methyl-2-butene compared to n-pentane T2 - Combustion and Flame N2 - A comprehensive, chemically detailed mechanism for the combustion of 2-methyl-2-butene and n-pentane is presented to provide insights into the different sooting tendencies of these two structurally different C5 hydrocarbons. A hierarchically assembled mechanism has been developed to specifically target speciation data from low-pressure premixed flames of 2-methyl-2-butene [Ruwe et al., Combust. Flame, 175, 34-46, 2017] and newly measured mole fraction data for a fuel-rich (ɸ=1.8) n-pentane flame, in which species profiles up to phenol were quantified. The partially isomer-resolved chemical composition of this flame was determined using flame-sampling molecular-beam mass spectrometry with single-photon ionization by tunable, synchrotron-generated vacuum-ultraviolet radiation. The presented model, which includes a newly determined, consistent set of the thermochemistry data for the C5 species, presents overall satisfactory capabilities to predict the mole fraction profiles of common combustion intermediates. The analysis of the model predictions revealed the fuel-structure dependencies (i.e. saturated vs. unsaturated and linear vs. branched) of the formation of small aromatic species that are considered as soot precursors. The propensity of the 2-methyl-2-butene flame to form larger concentrations of aromatic species was traced back to the readily available formation routes of several small precursor molecules and the efficient formation of “first aromatic rings” beyond benzene. KW - 2-Methyl-2-butene KW - n-Pentane KW - Laminar premixed flames KW - Molecular-beam mass spectrometry KW - Kinetic modeling KW - PAH formation Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0010218019302883#! U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2019.06.029 SN - 0010-2180 VL - 208 SP - 182 EP - 197 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grossmann, Doreen A1 - Galvin, Ray A1 - Weiß, Julika A1 - Madlener, Reinhard A1 - Hirschl, Bernd T1 - A methodology for estimating rebound effects in non-residential public service buildings: case study of four buildings in Germany T2 - Energy and Buildings N2 - Non-residential buildings comprise a quarter of the European Union (EU) building stock and cause approximately one-third of this stock's energy consumption. The imperative to reduce their energy consumption is widely accepted in EU countries. It is now common to upgrade both residential and non-residential buildings to increase energy efficiency, but studies indicate a significant gap between energy performance and design. In the residential sector, this gap has been extensively investigated and quantified under the heading of the ‘rebound effect’, but there do not yet appear to be studies on rebound effects in non-residential buildings. This paper develops a methodology to fill this gap. Through technical measurements in four recently retrofitted German public service case study buildings, rebound effects were estimated under two definitions: the ‘elasticity’ rebound effect and the ‘energy performance gap’ (EPG). Cross-sectional data of actual and calculated consumption in 176 comparable buildings was used to estimate typical rebound effects which could be expected in such buildings. The case study results indicated comparatively low rebound effects but high EPGs. Semi-structured interviews with building occupants and operators identified credible determinants of energy consumption. The methodology proved effective and robust, and is offered for further use and development. KW - Rebound effect KW - Non-residential buildings KW - Energy performance gap KW - Energy consumption behavior Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2015.11.063 SN - 1872-6178 VL - Volume 111 SP - 455 EP - 467 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rücker, Jacqueline A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte A1 - Quiel, Katrin A1 - Grüneberg, Björn T1 - North German Lowland Lakes Miss Ecological Water Quality Standards - A Lake Type Specific Analysis T2 - Water KW - catchment KW - nutrient load Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/w11122547 SN - 2073-4441 VL - 11 IS - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fellah, Mamoun A1 - Hezil, Naouel A1 - Dekhil, Leila A1 - Samad, Mohammed Abdul A1 - Djellabi, Ridha A1 - Kosman, Stephania A1 - Montagne, Alex A1 - Iost, Alain A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Effect of sintering temperature on structure and tribological properties of nanostructured Ti–15Mo alloy for biomedical applications T2 - Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China N2 - The effect of sintering temperature (1073–1373 K) on the structural and tribological properties of nanostructured ball-milled β-type Ti–15Mo samples was investigated. The prepared samples were characterized using various apperatus such as X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and ball-on-plate type oscillating tribometer. Wear tests were conducted under different applied loads (2, 8 and 16 N). Structural results showed that the mean pore and crystallite size continuously decreased with increasing sintering temperature to reach the lowest values of 4 nm and 29 nm at 1373 K, respectively. The relative density of the sintered sample at 1373 K was as high as 97.0%. Moreover, a higher sintering temperature resulted in higher relative density, greater hardness and elastic modulus of the sample. It was observed that both the friction coefficient and wear rate were lower in the sample sintered at 1373 K which was attributed to the closed porosity. KW - Ti–15Mo KW - wear KW - tribological behaviour KW - nanotribology KW - sintering KW - biomedical applications Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S100363261965137X#! U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1003-6326(19)65137-X SN - 1003-6326 VL - 29 IS - 11 SP - 2310 EP - 2320 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ermilova, Evgeniia A1 - Kazak, Fedor A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Stability of structured sheet metals during buckling T2 - Materials Testing N2 - Structured materials can be a progressive alternative to commonly used flat sheets. There is an enormous range of possibilities for using structured sheet metals due to their better stability. However, the effective use of these materials as well as their implementation in production requires precise knowledge about specific properties of structured sheet metals. The aim of this work is to obtain new knowledge about stiffness and stability during the deformation of this material. The structured sheet metals were investigated by means of buckling tests. The steel type investigated is a commonly used deep-drawing steel DC04. Six types of structure arrangements were compared to non-structured (flat) specimens as a reference. The influence of the type of structure arrangement as well as the deformation speed on the mechanical properties was investigated. KW - Structured metals KW - flat sheet metals KW - buckling test KW - stiffness KW - stability Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.hanser-elibrary.com/doi/10.3139/120.111403 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3139/120.111403 SN - 2195-8572 SN - 0025-5300 VL - 61 IS - 10 SP - 929 EP - 935 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nolte, Christoph A1 - De Vos, Alta A1 - Schöttker, Oliver T1 - Cost-effectiveness of public policy for the long-term conservation of private lands: What is the deal? T2 - Conservation Letters Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.12691 SN - 1755-263X VL - 12 IS - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Deng, Yu A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick A1 - Prüfert, Uwe T1 - On an optimal control problem with gradient constraints T2 - Optimization N2 - Usually, control functions in control-constrained optimal control are chosen from a Lebesgue space. This choice, however, makes it impossible to postulate additional conditions on the control function's slope which is practically relevant in some situations. In order to overcome this disadvantage, a natural assumption would be to demand at least first-order Sobolev regularity for control functions. The present paper is devoted to the study of an elliptic optimal control problem whose control function is chosen from a Sobolev space and has to satisfy additional equality constraints on its weak gradient. Noting that the associated Karush–Kuhn–Tucker conditions do not provide a necessary optimality condition for the underlying optimal control problem in general, one cannot simply solve the problem of interest by considering the system of first-order optimality conditions. Instead a penalization procedure with strong convergence properties for the computational solution is suggested and its computational implementation is studied in detail. Particularly, some essential difficulties arising from the gradient constraints which do not appear in standard optimal control are discussed. KW - Control gradient constraints KW - enforcement phenomena in FEM KW - optimal control KW - optimality conditions KW - penalty method Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/02331934.2019.1604707 SN - 0233-1934 SN - 1029-4945 VL - 69 IS - 3 SP - 519 EP - 551 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stognief, Nora A1 - Walk, Paula A1 - Schöttker, Oliver A1 - Oei, Pao-Yu T1 - Economic Resilience of German Lignite Regions in Transition T2 - Sustainability Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/su11215991 SN - 2071-1050 VL - 11 IS - 21 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Newiak, Denis T1 - Serial Horrors of Loneliness: The Impossibility of Communitization in “The Walking Dead” T2 - Zer – Journal of Communication Studies N2 - For a long time, zombie movies have lead a shadow existence. Nowadays,, zombies have surprisingly be-come in vogue: today, they are a constant telemedial companion, reaching all relevant target groups. «The Walking Dead», offers a promising object of investigation. The main question is why has this series with its dark lonely world become one of the most successful telemedial narratives of our times? The paper wants to show from a sociological-philosophical perspective how we can understand modernity as an age of growing loneliness as it generates uncertain social relationships and living conditions, provoking a longing for a simpler lifestyle without the antagonisms of modernity. But this desire for an anti-modern change, which leads to ‘post’-moder-nity, and the hope to overcome modernity’s loneliness, does not only negate all modern achievements —prosperity, de-mocracy and freedom—, but also those modern means of mass communication like television, which made the loneliness of modernity bearable through mediated forms of communitization. KW - serie KW - The Walking dead KW - anti-modernity KW - communitization Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.ehu.eus/ojs/index.php/Zer/issue/view/1759/showToc U6 - https://doi.org/10.1387/zer.20728 SN - 1137-1102 VL - 24 IS - 47 SP - 51 EP - 64 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krishna, Ajay A1 - Schiffer, Johannes A1 - Raisch, Jörg T1 - Distributed Secondary Frequency Control in Microgrids: Robustness and Steady-State Performance in the Presence of Clock Drifts T2 - European Journal of Control N2 - Microgrids are distributed systems with high share of inverter-interfaced renewable energy sources where stable and reliable system operation is realized by suitably controlling the inverters. In this work, we focus on secondary frequency control, which is an important ancillary service provided by the inverters. In the literature on secondary frequency control, the effect of clock drifts has often been neglected. However, clock drifts are practically unavoidable parameter uncertainties in inverter-based microgrids and we show that the most commonly employed distributed secondary frequency controllers exhibit performance deteriorations when taking clock drifts explicitly into consideration. Motivated by this, we propose a novel alternative control law called generalized distributed averaging integral (GDAI) control, which achieves the secondary control objectives of steady-state accurate frequency restoration and proportional power sharing in the presence of clock drifts. In addition, we derive a sufficient tuning criterion in the form of a set of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) which guarantees robust stability of the closed-loop equilibrium point in the presence of uncertain clock drifts. Finally, our analysis is validated extensively via simulation with comprehensive comparisons to other related distributed control approaches. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejcon.2019.08.003 SN - 0947-3580 VL - 51 SP - 135 EP - 145 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schiffer, Johannes A1 - Aristidou, Petros A1 - Ortega, Romeo T1 - Online Estimation of Power System Inertia Using Dynamic Regressor Extension and Mixing T2 - IEEE Transactions on Power Systems N2 - The increasing penetration of power-electronic-interfaced devices is expected to have a significant effect on the overall system inertia and a crucial impact on the system dynamics. In future, the reduction of inertia will have drastic consequences on protection and real-time control and will play a crucial role in the system operation. Therefore, in a highly deregulated and uncertain environment, it is necessary for transmission system operators to be able to monitor the system inertia in real time. We address this problem by developing and validating an online inertia estimation algorithm. The estimator is derived using the recently proposed dynamic regressor and mixing procedure. The performance of the estimator is demonstrated via several test cases using the 1013-machine ENTSO-E dynamic model. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2019.2915249 SN - 1558-0679 SN - 0885-8950 VL - 34 IS - 6 SP - 4993 EP - 5001 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Naumov, Anton A1 - Morozova, Iuliia A1 - Rylkov, Evgenii A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Isupov, Fedor A1 - Michailov, Vesselin A1 - Rudskoy, Andrey I. T1 - Metallurgical and Mechanical Characterization of High-Speed Friction Stir Welded AA 6082-T6 Aluminum Alloy T2 - Materials N2 - The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the high welding speed on the mechanical properties and their relations to microstructural characteristics of butt friction stir welded joints with the use of 6082-T6 aluminum alloy. The aluminum sheets of 2.0 mm thick were friction stir welded at low (conventional FSW) and high welding speeds (HSFSW) of 200 and 2500 mm/min, respectively. The grain size in the nugget zone (NZ) was decreased; the width of the softened region was narrowed down as well as the lowest microhardness value located in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) was enhanced by HSFSW. The increasing welding speed resulted in the higher ultimate tensile strength and lower elongation, but it had a slight influence on the yield strength. The differences in mechanical properties were explained by analysis of microstructural changes and tensile fracture surfaces of the welded joints, supported by the results of the numerical simulation of the temperature distribution and material flow. The fracture of the conventional FSW joint occurred in the HAZ, the weakest weld region, while all HSFSW joints raptured in the NZ. This demonstrated that both structural characteristics and microhardness distribution influenced the actual fracture locations. KW - high-speed friction stir welding (HSFSW) KW - aluminum alloy KW - remnant oxide line (ROL) KW - microstructural characteristics KW - mechanical properties KW - fracture behavior KW - FEM Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/12/24/4211 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12244211 SN - 1996-1944 VL - 12 IS - 24 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ecke, Annemarie A1 - Lutter, Anne-Helen A1 - Scholka, Jenny A1 - Hansch, Anna A1 - Becker, Roland A1 - Anderer, Ursula T1 - Tissue Specific Differentiation of Human Chondrocytes Depends on Cell Microenvironment and Serum Selection T2 - Cells KW - Chondrocytes KW - Cartilage Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/cells8080934 SN - 2073-4409 VL - 8 IS - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kittler, Martin A1 - Reiche, Manfred A1 - Schwartz, Bernhard A1 - Übensee, Hartmut A1 - Kosina, Hans A1 - Stanojevic, Zlatan A1 - Baumgartner, Oskar A1 - Ortlepp, Thomas T1 - Transport of Charge Carriers along Dislocations in Si and Ge T2 - Physica status solidi. A, Applications and materials science N2 - Experimental observations and quantum mechanical device simulations point to different electronic properties of dislocations in silicon and germanium. The experimental data suggest a supermetallic behavior of the dislocations in Si and thus the high strain in the dislocation core is thought to cause the confinement of the charge carriers, which leads to the formation of a 1D electron gas along a dislocation (quantum wire). The resulting significant increase in the electron concentration corresponds to a marked increase in the drain current of metal–oxide–semiconductor field‐effect transistor (MOSFET). The specific resistance of an individual dislocation in Ge is about nine orders of magnitude higher than for a dislocation in Si. The experimental measurements of the strain in dislocation cores in Ge are still missing. Based on the band structure data, the generation of a strain equivalent to that of the dislocation cores in Si appears to be very challenging because of the transition from an indirect into a direct semiconductor with about tenfold lower strain levels. The lower strain in the dislocation core in germanium may not support the carrier confinement as proposed for the dislocation core of silicon, and consequently 1D electron gases are not expected to form along the dislocations in Ge. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.10002/pssa.201900287 SN - 1862-6319 VL - Volume 216 IS - 17 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ruhe, Madeleine A1 - Rabe, Dominik A1 - Jurischka, Christoph A1 - Schröder, Julia A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Deckert, P. Markus A1 - Rödiger, Stefan T1 - Molecular biomarkers of DNA damage in diffuse large-cell lymphoma-a review T2 - Journal of Laboratory and Precision Medicine Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.21037/jlpm.2019.01.01 SN - 2519-9005 VL - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Umair, Muhammad A1 - Mohsin, Mashkoor A1 - Ali, Qasim A1 - Qamar, Muhammad U. A1 - Raza, Shahbaz A1 - Ali, Aamir A1 - Guenther, Sebastian A1 - Schierack, Peter T1 - Prevalence and Genetic Relatedness of Extended Spectrum-ß-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Among Humans, Cattle, and Poultry in Pakistan T2 - Microbial drug resistance Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1089/mdr.2018.0450 SN - 1931-8448 SN - 1076-6294 VL - 25 IS - 9 SP - 1374 EP - 1381 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wajid, Muhammad A1 - Awan, Asad Bashir A1 - Saleemi, Muhammad Kashif A1 - Weinreich, Jörg A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Sarwar, Yasra A1 - Ali, Aamir T1 - Multiple Drug Resistance and Virulence Profiling of Salmonella enterica Serovars Typhimurium and Enteritidis from Poultry Farms of Faisalabad, Pakistan T2 - Microbial Drug Resistance Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1089/mdr.2018.0121 SN - 1931-8448 SN - 1076-6294 VL - 25 IS - 1 SP - 133 EP - 142 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Thaler, Markus A. A1 - Bietenbeck, Andreas A1 - Steigerwald, Udo A1 - Büttner, Thomas A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Lindhoff-Last, Edelgard A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Luppa, Peter B. T1 - Evaluation of the sensitivityficity of a novel line immunoassay for the detection of criteria and non-criteria antiphospholipid antibodies in comparison to establishedELISAs T2 - PLoS One Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0220033 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 14 IS - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Akhtar, Nasrin A1 - Ghauri, M. A. A1 - Parveen, Sana A1 - Farooq, M. A1 - Ali, Aamir A1 - Schierack, Peter T1 - Comparative Analysis of Draft Genome Sequence of Rhodococcus sp. Eu-32 with Other Rhodococcus Species for Its Taxonomie Status and Sulfur Metabolism Potential T2 - Current microbiology Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-019-01737-1 SN - 1432-0991 SN - 0343-8651 VL - 76 IS - 10 SP - 1207 EP - 1214 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Olowe, Olugbenga Adekunle A1 - Adefioye, Olusolabomi J. A1 - Ajayeoba, T. A. A1 - Schiebel, Juliane A1 - Weinreich, Jörg A1 - Ali, Aamir A1 - Burdukiewicz, Michał A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Schierack, Peter T1 - Phylogenetic grouping and biofilm formation of Multidrug Resistant Escherichia coli Isolates from Humans, Animals and Food products in South-west Nigeria T2 - Scientific African Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sciaf.2019.e00158 SN - 2468-2276 VL - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Choi, Youngeun A1 - Schmidt, Carsten A1 - Tinnefeld, Philip A1 - Bald, Ilko A1 - Rödiger, Stefan T1 - A new reporter design based on DNA origami nanostructures for quantification of short oligonucleotides using microbeads T2 - Scientific Reports Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-41136-x. SN - 2045-2322 IS - 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Talboys, Edward A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Brücker, Christoph T1 - An aeroacoustic investigation into the effect of self-oscillating trailing edge flaplets T2 - Journal of Fluids and Structures Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2019.02.014 SN - 1095-8622 SN - 0889-9746 VL - 91 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herrmann, Anna A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Schmidt, Carsten A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Schedler, Uwe T1 - Spatial Separation of Microbeads into Detection Levels by a Bioorthogonal Porous Hydrogel for Size-Selective Analysis und Increased Multiplexicity T2 - Analytical chemistry Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.9b01586. SN - 1520-6882 SN - 0003-2700 VL - 91 IS - 13 SP - 8484 EP - 8491 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Awan, Asad Bashir A1 - Schiebel, Juliane A1 - Böhm, Alexander A1 - Nitschke, Jörg A1 - Sarwar, Yasra A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Ali, Aamir T1 - Association of biofilm formation and cytotoxic potential with multidrug resistance in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa T2 - EXCLI journal Y1 - 2019 SN - 1611-2156 VL - 18 SP - 79 EP - 90 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Deutschmann, Claudia A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Schierack, Peter T1 - The loss of tolerance to CHI3L1-A putative role in inflammatory bowel disease? T2 - Clinical Immunology Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2018.12.005 SN - 1521-6616 SN - 1521-7035 VL - 199 SP - 12 EP - 17 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dinter, Franziska A1 - Burdukiewicz, Michał A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Lehmann, Werner A1 - Nestler, Jörg A1 - Dame, Gregory A1 - Rödiger, Stefan T1 - Simultaneous detection and quantification of DNA and protein biomarkers in spectrum of cardiovascular diseases in a microfluidic microbead chip T2 - Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-019-02199-x SN - 1618-2650 SN - 1618-2642 VL - 411 IS - 29 SP - 7725 EP - 7735 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sut-Lohmann, Magdalena A1 - Jonczak, Jerzy A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Phytofiltration of chosen metals by aquarium liverwort (Monosoleum tenerum) T2 - Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety N2 - Aquatic bryophytes are widely used as indicators of water pollution with various substances, including metals. We present a first study concerning the feasibility of Monosoleum tenerum to remove potentially toxic metals Zn, Cu, Ni, Mn and Fe from water. The novel approach to study the bioaccumulation under controlled conditions and in vitro grown aquarium liverworts was applied. The plants were exposed to 1, 10 and 100 ppm multi-metal solution for 7 days and subsequently the metal content was determined in plant material and media to calculate the bioaccumulation factor (BAF). The study revealed various accumulation behavior (metal and dose dependent), which followed the order of Cu > Zn > Mn > Ni > Fe for 1 ppm; Zn > Cu > Mn > Fe > Ni for 10 ppm and Cu > Fe > Zn > Ni > Mn for 100 ppm solution. However, with increasing Cu, Mn and Ni concentration in the solution, BAF decreased. For Zn the highest BAF value (136) was obtained for the 10 ppm solution. Fe bioaccumulation increased with the increasing solution concentration. After 7 week exposure, the results indicated highest accumulation of Cu (3,25 mg) followed by Fe (1,8 mg) in the plant tissue for the 100 ppm solution. Overall, the bryophyte M. tenerum demonstrate high potential for the removal of toxic metals from the multi-metal solution via accumulation in plant tissue. The BAF values were proper to indicate the use of M. tenerum for phytofiltration of waste waters affected by Zn, Cu, Ni, Mn and Fe. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109844 SN - 1090-2414 SN - 0147-6513 VL - Vol. 188 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Makhlouf, Rasha T1 - Cloudy transaction costs: a dive into cloud computing economics T2 - Journal of Cloud Computing Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s13677-019-0149-4 SN - 2192-113X VL - 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bonhage, Alexander A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Donovan, Sally T1 - Long term anthropogenic enrichment of soil organic matter stocks in forest soils – detecting a legacy of historical charcoal production T2 - Forest Ecology and Management N2 - Recent findings of several thousand relict charcoal hearths (RCHs) in the Tauer Forest (Brandenburg, Germany) raise questions about the legacy effects of historical charcoal production on soil properties. RCH sites are characterized by the admixture of charcoal fragments to the natural forest soil, constituting an anthropogenic addition of carbon. Dendrochronological dating of large charcoal pieces has identified RCH ages ranging from 1709 AD to 1823 AD for a subarea in the Tauer Forest, which allows for assessing century old effects of charcoal application on forest soils. We measured the geometry and soil organic matter (SOM) content of 20 RCH sites in a selected part of the forest. The results provide a basis for estimating RCH SOM stocks on a 40-ha forest plot with 120 RCH sites. We also assessed the accuracy of RCH mapping based on digital elevation models (DEMs) with results from a ground survey. Over 50 % of sites were not detected by the DEM-based mapping. In the range of statistical uncertainties, RCHs add between 18 % and 32 % of SOM to the stock of the natural forest soil in the study area. This equals an additional 4.9 – 8.9 Mg of carbon per hectare of forest soil. These substantial amounts of SOM are so far not recognized by any survey or forest soil SOM inventories. Considering recent studies, which uncovered tens- and hundreds- of thousands of RCHs throughout Europe and the USA, we conclude that further knowledge of RCH SOM is important for quantifying anthropogenic SOM stocks on a global scale. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2019.117814 SN - 0378-1127 VL - 459 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Miani, Celine A1 - Ludwig, A. A1 - Breckenkamp, Jürgen A1 - Sauzet, Odile A1 - Doyle, Ina-Merle A1 - Höller-Holtrichter, Chantal A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Razum, Oliver T1 - Socioeconomic and migration status as predictors of emergency caesarean section: a birth cohort study T2 - BMC pregnancy and childbirth N2 - BACKGROUND: Women with a migration background are reportedly at a higher risk of emergency caesarean section. There is evidence that this is due in part to suboptimal antenatal care use and quality of care. Despite the fact that migrant women and descendants of migrants are often at risk of socioeconomic disadvantage, there is, in comparison, scarce and incomplete evidence on the role of socioeconomic position as an independent risk factor for emergency caesarean delivery. We therefore investigate whether and how migration background and two markers of socioeconomic position affect the risk of an emergency caesarean section and whether they interact with each other. METHODS: In 2013-2016, we recruited women during the perinatal period in Bielefeld, Germany, collecting data on health and socioeconomic and migration background, as well as routine perinatal data. We studied associations between migration background (1st generation migrant, 2nd/3rd generation woman, no migration background), socioeconomic status (educational attainment and net monthly household income), and the outcome emergency caesarean section. RESULTS: Of the 881 participants, 21% (n = 185) had an emergency caesarean section. Analyses showed no association between having an emergency caesarean section and migration status or education. Women in the lowest (< 800€/month) and second lowest (between 800 and 1750€/month) income categories were more likely (aOR: 1.96, CI: 1.01-3.81; and aOR: 2.36, CI: 1.27-4.40, respectively) to undergo an emergency caesarean section than women in the higher income groups. CONCLUSIONS: Migration status and education did not explain heterogeneity in mode of birth. Having a low household income, however, increased the chances of emergency caesarean section and thereby contributed towards producing health disadvantages. Awareness of these findings and measures to correct these inequalities could help to improve the quality of obstetric care. KW - Acculturation KW - Birth cohort KW - Caesarean section KW - Education KW - Emergency KW - Germany KW - Income KW - Migration KW - Obstetric care KW - Socioeconomic determinants Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-020-2725-5 SN - 1471-2393 VL - 20 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Naumann, Franziska A1 - Reck, Johanna A1 - Gargouri, Hassan A1 - Gruska, Bernd A1 - Blümich, Adrian A1 - Mahmoodinezhad, Ali A1 - Janowitz, Christoph A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo T1 - In situ real-time and ex situ spectroscopic analysis of Al₂O₃ films prepared by plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition T2 - Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology B N2 - In situ real-time ellipsometry (irtE) with a very high time resolution of 24 ms was applied to monitor the inductively coupled plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition (ALD) process of Al₂O₃ thin films to precisely resolve each step of the ALD process and its complete cycle. The influence of plasma power, plasma pulse duration, and deposition temperature on the film growth characteristics was investigated. Ex situ ellipsometry [UV-VIS-NIR-SE (ultraviolet-visible-nearinfrared-spectroscopic ellipsometry) and IR-SE (infrared spectroscopic ellipsometry)] and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed the bulk properties (thickness, refractive index, chemical composition, and carbon incorporation) of the films, which together with the in situ results are compared to those of the films prepared by thermal ALD (T-ALD). The ICPEALD (inductively coupled plasma enhanced ALD) films were deposited at substrate temperatures between 80 and 250 °C and the role of plasma power (50–300 W) and its pulse duration (1–20 s) was investigated at 250 °C. The reference T-ALD layers were prepared at 200 °C. The ICPEALD process of Al₂O₃ shows an increased growth rate, and the produced films exhibit higher carbon contaminations than the T-ALD Al₂O₃ films. Plasma pulse times of up to 15 s further increase the content of carbon and CH species; at the same time, the refractive index decreases. The optical properties of ICPEALD deposited Al₂O₃ films are comparable with those of the T-ALD films for low plasma power and short plasma pulse durations. For the ICPEALD films, UV absorption is found and it is dependent on the deposition parameters. irtE resolves process effects that correlate with the bulk properties of Al₂O₃, such as impurities and oxygen deficiencies. KW - Plamsa enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) KW - spectroscopic ellipsometry KW - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy KW - real-time monitoring KW - aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃) Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1116/1.5122797 SN - 0734-211X SN - 1071-1023 SN - 2166-2746 SN - 2166-2754 VL - 38 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Varlamova, Olga A1 - Reif, Jürgen A1 - Stolz, Michael A1 - Borcia, Rodica A1 - Borcia, Ion-Dan A1 - Bestehorn, Michael T1 - Wetting properties of LIPSS structured silicon surfaces T2 - The European Physical Journal B N2 - The controlled dynamics of liquid drops via generation of specific wetting states on a solid surface is of great interests both in the fundamental and applied sciences. Considering that the wettability is strongly dependent on the surface topography and surface roughness, we investigate – through experiments and theory – the effect of laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) generated on silicon (100) targets as a control parameter of wetting properties. To obtain structured silicon surfaces with different morphological features, we patterned the surface by irradiation with femtosecond pulses from an amplified Ti:Sapphire laser system (790 nm/100 fs/1 kHz) at a fluence in the range of 0.4–1.2 J/cm2 on a spot with a diameter about of 100 μm. Variation of the applied irradiation dose results in surface modifications with the roughness about of a few tens of nanometers are ranging from regular LIPSS patterns with the lateral period of about 500–700 nm to complex agglomerations of 3-D microstructures with several-μm feature size. The theoretical study on the correlation of wetting properties with the surface topography has been performed within a phase field model. We found an excellent agreement of numerical results with experiments. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1140/epjb/e2019-90672-2 SN - 1434-6036 SN - 1434-6028 VL - 92 IS - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schlipf, Jon A1 - Martin, Elena A1 - Stchakovsky, Michel A1 - Benedetti, Alessandro A1 - Fischer, Inga Anita A1 - Schulze, Jörg A1 - Chiussi, Stefano T1 - Ellipsometric analysis of concentration gradients induced in semiconductor crystals by pulsed laser induced epitaxy T2 - Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1116/1.5122777 SN - 2166-2754 VL - 37 IS - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Funk, Hannes S. A1 - Kern, Michael A1 - Weisshaupt, David A1 - Sürgers, Christoph A1 - Fischer, Inga Anita A1 - Oehme, Michael A1 - Slageren, Joris van A1 - Schulze, Jörg T1 - Magnetic Characterization of a Mn Based Ferromagnet on SixGe(1-x-y)Sny with High Sn Content T2 - ECS Transactions Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1149/09301.0101ecst SN - 1938-5862 SN - 1938-6737 VL - 93 IS - 1 SP - 101 EP - 104 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Inga Anita A1 - Augel, Lion A1 - Berkmann, Fritz A1 - Kawaguchi, Yuma A1 - Schlipf, Jon A1 - Schulze, Jörg T1 - Plasmonics-Integrated Ge PIN-Photodetectors T2 - ECS Transactions Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1149/09301.0041ecst SN - 1938-5862 SN - 1938-6737 VL - 93 IS - 1 SP - 41 EP - 44 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schilling, Laura A1 - Schneider, Sven A1 - Maul, Holger A1 - Spallek, Jacob T1 - STudy on E-Cigarettes and Pregnancy (STEP)–Study Protocolof a Mixed Methods Study on Risk Perception of E-Cigarette UseDuring Pregnancy and Sample Description T2 - Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde N2 - Introduction: During pregnancy, the motherʼs healthy life-style is crucial for the health of the fetus. Potential risk factorsfor maternal and child health should therefore be identifiedand reduced as early as possible. The consumption of e-ciga-rettes represents one of these potential risk factors. Exploringrisk perceptions about e-cigarette use during pregnancy canprovide early indications of possible user motives. Therefore,our mixed methodsSTudy onE-cigarettes andPregnancy(STEP) aimed to comprehensively analyze risk perceptionsabout e-cigarette use during pregnancy based on anInte-gratedHealthBeliefModel (IHBM). This paper describes thestudy design, methods, sample population and limitations ofSTEP. Methods: Our sequential mixed methods study combinedqualitative and quantitative approaches. In the qualitativesection of the study which preceded the quantitative part ofthe study, we aimed to characterize risk perceptions aboute‑cigarette use during pregnancy. We used a netnographic re-search approach which analyzed discussion threads in onlineforums dealing with e-cigarette use during pregnancy. Theanalysis was based on an IHBM. Identified themes were incor-porated in the questionnaire which was developed for the quantitative part of the study. The quantitative section aimedto quantify, among other things, perceived threats, barriersand benefits and to explore differences in risk perception ac-cording to sociodemographic characteristics and tobacco ande-cigarette usage. Results: In the qualitative section, 1552 posts in 25 online dis-cussion threads dealing, inter alia, with e-cigarette use duringpregnancy were identified. The quantitative part looked atthe responses in the questionnaires handed in by 575 preg-nant women who attended a hospital in Hamburg (Germany)from April 2018 to January 2019 (response rate: 27.5%). Conclusion: Data collection was successful for both the qual-itative and quantitative parts of the study. When interpretingthe results of STEP, different limitations should be taken intoaccount. The results of STEP provide starting points for thedevelopment of tailored preventive measures for pregnantwomen. KW - e‑cigarette KW - pregnancy KW - risk perception KW - mixed methods study KW - Health Belief Model Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.thieme-connect.de/products/ejournals/pdf/10.1055/a-1061-7288.pdf U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1061-7288 SN - 1438-8804 SN - 0016-5751 VL - 80 IS - 01 SP - 66 EP - 75 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Jung, Conrad H. G. A1 - Krüger-Genge, Anne A1 - Waldeck, Peter A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner T1 - Factors influencing the growth of Spirulina platensis in closed photobioreactors under CO₂ – O₂ conversion T2 - Journal of Cellular Biotechnology N2 - Since there is growing interest throughout the world in photosynthetic microbes as a potential source of food or food supplements, an assessment of factors which influence the biomass obtained in bioreactors, protein contents and constituents is important. This work reviews the autotrophic cultivation conditions of Spirulina platensis especially the dependency on the strain, the composition of the nutrient solution, pH, temperature of the medium, light intensity and color as well as exposure rhythm, the flow rate and composition of the aerating gas mixture and the bubble size, the content of oxygen, CO₂ and HCO₃ in the medium and last but not least from the optical density of the spirulina suspension during growth. KW - spirulina platensis KW - influencing factors KW - temperature KW - light intensity KW - wave length Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/JCB-199004 SN - 2352-3697 SN - 2352-3689 VL - 5 IS - 2 SP - 125 EP - 134 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mahmoodinezhad, Ali A1 - Janowitz, Christoph A1 - Naumann, Franziska A1 - Plate, Paul A1 - Gargouri, Hassan A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo T1 - Low-temperature growth of gallium oxide thin films by plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition T2 - Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology A N2 - Gallium oxide (Ga2O3) thin films were deposited by plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) applying a capacitively coupled plasma source where trimethylgallium (TMGa) as the gallium precursor and oxygen (O2) plasma were used in a substrate temperature (Ts)in the range of 80–200 °C. TMGa exhibits high vapor pressure and therefore facilitates deposition at lower substrate temperatures. The Ga2O3 films were characterized by spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and capacitance-voltage (C-V) measurements. The SE data show linear thickness evolution with a growth rate of ∼0.66 Å per cycle and inhomogeneity of ≤2% for all samples. The refractive index of the Ga2O3 thin films is 1.86 ± 0.01 (at 632.8 nm) and independent of temperature, whereas the bandgap slightly decreases from 4.68 eV at Ts of 80 °C to 4.57 eV at 200 °C. XPS analysis revealed ideal stoichiometric gallium to oxygen ratios of 2:3 for the Ga2O3 layers with the lowest carbon contribution of ∼10% for the sample prepared at 150 °C. The permittivity of the layers is 9.7 ± 0.2 (at 10 kHz). In addition, fixed and mobile oxide charge densities of 2–4E12 and 1–2E12 cm−2, respectively, were observed in the C-V characteristics. Moreover, the Ga2O3 films show breakdown fields in the range of 2.2–2.7 MV/cm. Excellent optical and electrical material properties are maintained even at low substrate temperatures as low as 80 °C. Hence, the TMGa/O2 PEALD process is suitable for electronic and optoelectronic applications where low-temperature growth is required. KW - Plamsa enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) KW - low-temperature growth KW - gallium oxide (Ga2O3) KW - x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy KW - spectroscopic ellipsometry KW - capacitance voltage measurements Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1116/1.5134800 SN - 0734-2101 SN - 1520-8559 VL - 38 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Starick, Tommy A1 - Schmidt, Heiko T1 - Hierarchical Parcel Swapping: An efficient mixing model for turbulent reactive flows T2 - Proceedings in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics N2 - Hierarchical Parcel‐Swapping (HiPS) developed by A.R. Kerstein [J. Stat. Phys. 153, 142‐161 (2013)] is a computationally efficient and novel model for the effects of turbulence on time‐evolving, diffusive scalar fields. The characteristic feature of HiPS is the interpretation of the one‐dimensional flow domain or a state space as a binary tree structure. Every tree level corresponds to a specific length and time scale, which is based on a turbulence inertial range scaling. The state variables reside at the base of the tree and are interpreted as fluid parcels. The effects of turbulent advection are represented by stochastic swaps of sub‐trees at rates determined by turbulent time scales associated with the sub‐trees. The mixing of adjacent fluid parcels is done at rates consistent with the prevailing diffusion time scales. In this work, we investigate the influence of turbulent time scale variations on an isothermal series‐parallel reaction scheme. The production of a desired chemical species is evaluated by means of a defined selectivity and is strongly affected by the underlying mixing time scales. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.201900492 SN - 1617-7061 VL - 19 SP - 1 EP - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Viderman, Tihomir A1 - Knierbein, Sabine T1 - Affective urbanism: towards inclusive design praxis T2 - Urban Design International N2 - This paper conceptualizes affective urbanism as both research framework and praxis, engaging professionals and concerned publics alike in the insurgent making of cities. With its focus on affect and bodily encounters, it taps into the rich knowledge of practices of improvising and inventing in everyday life, which tend to fall outside the realm of discursive and visual representations. An analysis of spatial practices of the collective Plataforma de Afectados Por La Hipoteca in Barcelona illustrates how a mobilization of affects fosters not only individual, but first and foremost a collective capacity to negotiate belonging, appropriate space and contest alienated conditions of everyday life. The argument rests on the hypothesis that affect implicates the ethical engagement with people at places of everyday life, thus producing a medium and means for transgressing socio-spatial divides and challenging practices of exclusion, othering and dispossession. The value of this kind of work does not necessarily lie in the quality of conceived or materialized design, but rather in enacting an inclusive and empathic design praxis which connects to people’s multiple lived spaces and cultivates lived space of deep and caring social relations. KW - Affect KW - Lived space KW - Embodied space KW - Spatial practice KW - Everyday life Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1057/s41289-019-00105-6 SN - 1357-5317 SN - 1468-4519 VL - 25 IS - 1 SP - 53 EP - 62 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mishra, Neeraj A1 - Forti, Stiven A1 - Fabbri, Filippo A1 - Martini, Leonardo A1 - McAleese, Clifford A1 - Conran, Ben R. A1 - Whelan, Patrick R. A1 - Shivayogimath, Abhay A1 - Jessen, Bjarke S. A1 - Buß, Lars A1 - Falta, Jens A1 - Aliaj, Ilirjan A1 - Roddaro, Stefano A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo A1 - Bøggild, Peter A1 - Teo, Kenneth B. K. A1 - Coletti, Camilla T1 - Wafer-Scale Synthesis of Graphene on Sapphire: Toward Fab-Compatible Graphene T2 - Small N2 - The adoption of graphene in electronics, optoelectronics, and photonics is hindered by the difficulty in obtaining high‐quality material on technologically relevant substrates, over wafer‐scale sizes, and with metal contamination levels compatible with industrial requirements. To date, the direct growth of graphene on insulating substrates has proved to be challenging, usually requiring metal‐catalysts or yielding defective graphene. In this work, a metal‐free approach implemented in commercially available reactors to obtain high‐quality monolayer graphene on c‐plane sapphire substrates via chemical vapor deposition is demonstrated. Low energy electron diffraction, low energy electron microscopy, and scanning tunneling microscopy measurements identify the Al‐rich reconstruction of sapphire to be crucial for obtaining epitaxial graphene. Raman spectroscopy and electrical transport measurements reveal high‐quality graphene with mobilities consistently above 2000 cm2 V−1 s−1. The process is scaled up to 4 and 6 in. wafers sizes and metal contamination levels are retrieved to be within the limits for back‐end‐of‐line integration. The growth process introduced here establishes a method for the synthesis of wafer‐scale graphene films on a technologically viable basis. KW - graphene on insulator KW - interface KW - metal free KW - sapphire KW - wafer scale Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201904906 SN - 1613-6810 SN - 1613-6829 VL - 15 IS - 50 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bryant, Isaac Mbir A1 - Burkhardt, Marko A1 - Martienssen, Marion T1 - Comparison of performance of three diferent seeding sludge under three different hyper-thermophilic temperatures T2 - International Journal of Environmental Engineering Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1504/IJEE.2019.099979 SN - 1756-8471 SN - 1756-8463 VL - 10 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 16 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Furusato, Eiichi A1 - Bhuyan, Jayatu A1 - Martienssen, Marion A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte A1 - Imamoto, Hiroomi T1 - Critical Depth Model (modified Sverdrup equation) - Design method for bubble circulation T2 - Journal of JSCE Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2208/journalofjsce.7.1_185 SN - 2187-5103 VL - 7 IS - 1 SP - 185 EP - 192 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Binder, Julia A1 - Matern, Antje T1 - Mobility and social exclusion in peripheral regions T2 - European Planning Studies N2 - Mobility largely depends on public services and constitutes a key factor for regional development. However, demographic and structural changes challenge public transport networks in peripheral regions and lead to economic shrinkage. This, in turn, undermines the principle of creating or maintaining equal living conditions across Germany and leads to spatial polarization. Limited mobility is closely connected to social exclusion and warrants an in-depth analysis. Our paper examines the commuting patterns of apprentices in rural Brandenburg, Germany. It is based on a survey of apprentices in tourism and the food industry. The study finds that apprentices in rural areas are confronted with public transport deficits but also apply strategies for dealing with these problems. The paper also shows how this relates to social exclusion and to current planning debates regarding co-production and digitalization in the context of public service provision. KW - service provision KW - mobility KW - peripheral regions Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2019.1689926 SN - 0965-4313 SN - 1469-5944 VL - 28 IS - 6 SP - 1049 EP - 1067 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pohle, Ina A1 - Gädeke, Anne A1 - Schümberg, Sabine A1 - Hinz, Christoph A1 - Koch, Hagen T1 - Management Influences on Stream-Flow Variability in the Past and Under Potential Climate Change in a Central European Mining Region T2 - Water Resource Management N2 - Robust assessments of stream-flow volume and variability under current and potential future conditions are essential for sustainable water resources planning and management. Nonlinear and overlapping responses to climate, land use, and water resources management (WRM) make it difficult to link observed stream-flow variability to individual drivers and to project potential future changes in stream-flow volume and variability. Here, we investigate WRM influences on stream-flow variability for two rivers with similar natural catchment characteristics, the Schwarze Elster and the Spree. The Schwarze Elster is characterized by less intensive WRM compared to the Spree. Management influences on stream-flow variability in the past were analysed by comparing observed managed stream-flow with simulated natural flow (model SWIM). Simulation results of natural flow and managed stream-flow (model WBalMo) forced by different climate scenarios were investigated to assess management influences on potential future stream-flow. The Schwarze Elster shows little management influences on stream-flow both in the past and under future scenarios. WRM related to lignite mining activities rather than natural processes dominated seasonal and annual stream-flow variability of the Spree in the past, while reservoir management mainly impacted short-term variability. Long-term and short-term stream-flow variability of the Spree are expected to be further reduced in future by reservoir management and water transfers to ensure minimum flow requirements. Strong impacts ofWRM in reducing stream-flow variability in future scenarios underline the role of reservoir management as an effective and flexible adaptation option to uncertain climate change impacts on hydrology. KW - Water resources management KW - Reservoir management KW - Mining KW - Hydrological modelling KW - SWIM KW - WBalMo Y1 - 2019 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11269-019-02432-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-019-02432-3 SN - 1573-1650 SN - 0920-4741 VL - 33 IS - 15 SP - 5191 EP - 5206 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kreuz, Sebastian A1 - Müsgens, Felix T1 - Asymmetric Diesel Retail Pricing Strategies: Depending on Brands and Population Densities? T2 - Zeitschrift für Energiewirtschaft KW - Diesel price KW - Error correction model KW - Oil price KW - Retail fuel KW - Rockets and feathers KW - Spatial analysis Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12398-019-00252-x SN - 0343-5377 SN - 1866-2765 VL - 43 IS - 2 SP - 117 EP - 130 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kreuz, Sebastian A1 - Ploß, Eugenia T1 - Why, and what will it look like? Evaluating energy experts’ responses concerning the German Energiewende and their implications for communication efforts T2 - Etikk i praksis = Nordic Journal of Applied Ethics KW - climate change KW - energy transition KW - communication KW - framing KW - media Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5324/eip.v13i2.2599 SN - 1890-4009 SN - 1890-3991 IS - 2 SP - 59 EP - 79 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lazurenko, Daria V. A1 - Stark, Andreas A1 - Esikov, Maksim A. A1 - Paul, Jonathan A1 - Bataev, Ivan A. A1 - Kashimbetova, Adelya A. A1 - Mali, Vyacheslav I. A1 - Lorenz, Uwe A1 - Pyczak, Florian T1 - Ceramic-Reinforced γ-TiAl-Based Composites: Synthesis, Structure, and Properties T2 - Materials Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12040629 SN - 1996-1944 VL - 12 IS - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Song, Lin A1 - Wang, Li A1 - Oehring, Michael A1 - Hu, Xingguo A1 - Appel, Fritz A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Zhang, Tiebang T1 - Evidence for deformation twinning of the D019-α2 phase in a high Nb containing TiAl alloy T2 - Intermetallics Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intermet.2019.03.014 SN - 0966-9795 VL - 109 SP - 91 EP - 96 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bakan, Emine A1 - Mauer, Georg A1 - Sohn, Yoo Jung A1 - Schwedt, Alexander A1 - Rackel, Marcus W. A1 - Riedlberger, Florian A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Peters, Jan Oke A1 - Mecklenburg, Matthias A1 - Gartner, Thomas Maria A1 - Vaßen, Robert T1 - Cold gas spraying of Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb intermetallic for jet engine applications T2 - Surface and Coatings Technology Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2018.11.092 SN - 0257-8972 VL - 371 SP - 203 EP - 210 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Li A1 - Song, Lin A1 - Stark, Andreas A1 - Liu, Yong A1 - Oehring, Michael A1 - Lorenz, Uwe A1 - Pyczak, Florian T1 - Identification of Laves phases in a Zr or Hf containing γ-γ′ Co-base superalloy T2 - Journal of Alloys and Compounds Y1 - 2019 SN - 0925-8388 VL - 805 SP - 880 EP - 886 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Song, Lin A1 - Hu, Xingguo A1 - Wang, Li A1 - Stark, Andreas A1 - Lazurenko, Daria V. A1 - Lorenz, Uwe A1 - Lin, Junpin A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Zhang, Tiebang T1 - Microstructure evolution and enhanced creep property of a high Nb containing TiAl alloy with carbon addition T2 - Journal of Alloys and Compounds Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.151649 SN - 0925-8388 VL - 807 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Han, Liuliu A1 - Xu, Xiandong A1 - Wang, Li A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Zhou, Rui A1 - Liu, Yong T1 - A eutectic high-entropy alloy with good high-temperature strength-plasticity balance T2 - Materials Research Letters Y1 - 2019 SN - 2166-3831 VL - 7 IS - 11 SP - 460 EP - 466 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lemos, Georges A1 - Fredel, Márcio C. A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Tetzlaff, Ulrich T1 - Influence of distinct manufacturing processes on the microstructure of ni-based metal matrix composites submitted to long thermal exposure T2 - Key Engineering Materials Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.809.79 SN - 1662-9795 VL - 809 SP - 79 EP - 86 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Li A1 - Oehring, Michael A1 - Liu, Yuzhi A1 - Lorenz, Uwe A1 - Pyczak, Florian T1 - Site occupancy of alloying elements in the L12 structure determined by channeling enhanced microanalysis in γ/γ’ Co-9Al-9W-2X alloys T2 - Acta Materialia Y1 - 2019 SN - 1359-6454 VL - 162 SP - 176 EP - 188 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bresler, Johannes A1 - Neumeier, Steffen A1 - Ziener, Marco A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Göken, Mathias T1 - The influence of niobium, tantalum and zirconium on the microstructure and creep strength of fully lamellar γ/α2 titanium aluminides T2 - Materials Science and Engineering Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2018.11.152 SN - 0921-5093 VL - 744 SP - 46 EP - 53 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hauschildt, Katja A1 - Stark, Andreas A1 - Schell, Norbert A1 - Müller, Martin A1 - Pyczak, Florian T1 - The transient liquid phase bonding process of a γ-TiAl alloy with brazing solders containing Fe or Ni T2 - Intermetallics Y1 - 2019 SN - 0966-9795 VL - 106 SP - 48 EP - 58 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schnabel, Jan Eike A1 - Bargmann, Swantje A1 - Paul, Jonathan David Heaton A1 - Oehring, Michael A1 - Pyczak, Florian T1 - Work hardening and recovery in fully lamellar TiAl: relative activity of deformation systems T2 - Philosophical Magazine Y1 - 2019 SN - 1478-6435 SN - 1478-6443 VL - 99 IS - 2 SP - 148 EP - 180 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Li A1 - Oehring, Michael A1 - Li, Yuzhi A1 - Song, Lin A1 - Liu, Yon A1 - Stark, Andreas A1 - Lorenz, Uwe A1 - Pyczak, Florian T1 - Microstructure, phase stability and element partitioning of γ/γʹ Co-9Al-9W-2X alloys in different annealing conditions T2 - Journal of Alloys and Compounds Y1 - 2019 SN - 0925-8388 VL - 787 SP - 594 EP - 605 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yadollahi, Solmaz T1 - Tracing the Identity-driven Ambitions of the Iranian Urban Conservation Apparatus T2 - The Historic Environment: Policy & Practice N2 - Since the 1970s, the components of the modern urban conservation apparatus in Iran have been arranged based on international mainstream models. Taking this background into consideration, this contribution reviews how the Iranian administrative-academic apparatus of urban conservation has utilised collective identity-driven desires to maintain its function over different periods. Here, official urban conservation is conceptualised as an assemblage of human/non-human elements that has continuously created and consumed the need for attaining original (Iranian) approaches to urban conservation. As a recent example of this phenomenon, the debate on the application of the pre-Islamic concept of Iranshahr in contemporary urban conservation is discussed. Data sources such as news, legal documents, academic publications, interviews, public meetings, and urban settings are used to show how the official urban conservation generally works in Iran. In conclusion, the author experiments with viewing the role of the collective identity-driven desires in the Iranian urban conservation apparatus from a deleuzoguattarian perspective. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/17567505.2019.1637081 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/17567505.2019.1637081 SN - 1756-7513 VL - 11 IS - 1 SP - 56 EP - 75 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Miao, Hu A1 - Fumagalli, Roberto A1 - Rossi, M. A1 - Lorenzana, José A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Yakhou-Harris, Flora A1 - Kummer, K. A1 - Brookes, Nicholas B. A1 - Gu, G. D. A1 - Braicovich, Lucio A1 - Ghiringhelli, Giacomo Claudio A1 - Dean, M. P. M. T1 - Formation of Incommensurate Charge Density Waves in Cuprates T2 - Physical Review X N2 - Although charge density waves (CDWs) are omnipresent in cuprate high-temperature superconductors, they occur at significantly different wave vectors, confounding efforts to understand their formation mechanism. Here, we use resonant inelastic x-ray scattering to investigate the doping- and temperature-dependent CDW evolution in La₂₋ₓBaₓCuO₄ (x=0.115–0.155). We discover that the CDW develops in two stages with decreasing temperature. A precursor CDW with a quasicommensurate wave vector emerges first at high temperature. This doping-independent precursor CDW correlation originates from the CDW phase mode coupled with a phonon and “seeds” the low-temperature CDW with a strongly doping-dependent wave vector. Our observation reveals the precursor CDW and its phase mode as the building blocks of the highly intertwined electronic ground state in the cuprates. KW - Research Areas Charge density waves KW - Electrical Properties KW - Cuprates KW - Strongly correlated systems KW - Resonant inelastic x-ray scattering KW - Superconductivity Y1 - 2019 UR - https://journals.aps.org/prx/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevX.9.031042 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.9.031042 SN - 2160-3308 VL - 9 IS - 3 SP - 031042-1 EP - 031042-11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grönke, Martin A1 - Buschbeck, Benjamin A1 - Schmidt, Peer A1 - Valldor, Martin A1 - Oswald, Steffen A1 - Hao, Qi A1 - Lubk, Axel A1 - Wolf, Daniel A1 - Steiner, Udo A1 - Büchner, Bernd A1 - Hampel, Silke T1 - Chromium Trihalides CrX₃(X = Cl, Br, I): Direct Deposition of Micro‐ and Nanosheets on Substrates by Chemical Vapor Transport T2 - Advanced Materials Interfaces N2 - The experimental observation of intrinsic ferromagnetism in single layered chromium trihalides CrX₃ (X = Cl, Br, I) has gained outstanding attention recently due to their possible implementation in spintronic devices. However, the reproducible preparation of highly crystalline chromium(III) halide nanolayers without stacking faults is still an experimental challenge. As chromium trihalides consist of adjacent layers with weak interlayer coupling, the preparation of ultrathin CrX₃ nanosheets directly on substrates via vapor transport proves as an advantageous synthesis technique. It is demonstrated that vapor growth of ultrathin highly crystalline CrX₃ micro‐ and nanosheets succeeds directly on yttrium stabilized zirconia substrates in a one‐step process via chemical vapor transport (CVT) in temperature gradients of 100 K (600°C → 500°C for CrCl₃ and 650°C → 550°C for CrBr₃ or CrI₃) without a need for subsequent delamination. Due to simulation results, optimization of synthesis conditions is realized and phase pure CrX₃ nanosheets with thicknesses ≤25 nm are obtained via short term CVT. The nanosheets morphology, crystallinity, and phase purity are analyzed by several techniques, including microscopy, diffraction, and spectroscopy. Furthermore, a potential subsequent delamination technique is demonstrated to give fast access to CrX₃ monolayers using the example of CrCl₃ . KW - 2D layered compounds KW - Crystal growth KW - Chemical vapor transport KW - Halides KW - Nanocrystals KW - Thermodynamic modeling Y1 - 2019 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/admi.201901410 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.201901410 SN - 2196-7350 VL - 6 IS - 24 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Marchenko, Ekaterina A1 - Yasenchuk, Yuri A1 - Gunther, Sergey A1 - Baigonakova, Gulsharat A1 - Gunther, Victor A1 - Chekalkin, Timofey A1 - Weiß, Sabine A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Dubovikov, Kirill T1 - Structural-phase surface composition of porous TiNi produced by SHS T2 - Materials Research Express N2 - The study aimed to characterize the structural-phase composition of the porous SHS TiNi surface explored by the GIXRD method. The surface layers at a depth of up to 100 nm mainly consist of amorphous nanocrystalline intermetallic oxycarbonitrides Ti₄Ni₂(O,N,C) with nonmetallic inclusions of different structural variants and routes of origin. Fine-porous alloys were synthesized at ignition temperatures of 450-480 °C. A distinct feature of the surface of crystalline phases therein was shown to be a low degree of crystallinity (up to 40%) and presence of multifarious glass and cermet phases evident as NiSi₂, NaAlSiO (SO₄), SiO₂, MgSi₂, and CaCO₃. Conversely, large-pore alloys ignited at temperatures of 280-330 °C have a higher degree of crystallinity (up to 70%). An individually selected GIXRD technique and precision structural phase analysis are capable to determine a set of other superficial nonmetallic and cermet phases reported as CaTiO₃, Si (P2O₇), CaSiO₃, MgAl₂O₄, TiNiAl, as well as the Ti₃SiC₂MAX phase. Y1 - 2019 UR - https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2053-1591/ab4e32/pdf U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ab4e32 SN - 2053-1591 VL - 6 IS - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hezil, Naouel A1 - Fellah, Mamoun A1 - Djellabi, Ridha A1 - Touhami, Mohamed Zine A1 - Montagne, Alex A1 - Bouaksa, Fethia A1 - Iost, Alain A1 - Mejias, Alberto A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei T1 - Assessment of the Hydrophilic-Hydrophobic Balance of Alumina Oxidized at Different Temperatures via H₂O and C₄H₁₀ Vapor Adsorption T2 - Defect and Diffusion Forum N2 - The hydrophilic-hydrophobic surface area of alumina powder (Al₂O₃) oxidized at different temperatures was determined on the base of adsorption of water and butane vapor at 25°C. In the order to study the influence of thermal oxidation upon hydrophilic/hydrophobic character of the surface, samples of Al₂O₃ were characterized using granulometry, SEM and BET surface area measurement. SEM results showed that the thermal treatment does not affect the morphology of the Alunima. However, the increase of treatment temperature from 250 to 900°C results in changing of the hydrophilic-hydrophobic balance of Al₂O₃ surface. KW - Adsorption KW - Alumina KW - Heterogeneity KW - Hydrophilic-Hydrophobic Balance KW - Surface Area KW - Thermal Treatment Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.scientific.net/DDF.397.161 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/DDF.397.161 SN - 1662-9507 VL - 397 SP - 161 EP - 168 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Scheiner, Benedict A1 - Schellenberger, Sven A1 - Shi, Kilin A1 - Heusinger, Elena A1 - Michler, Fabian A1 - Lurz, Fabian A1 - Weigel, Robert A1 - Kölpin, Alexander T1 - Low-power contactless LC-tank based respiratory sensor T2 - Electronics Letters Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1049/el.2018.7936 SN - 1350-911X SN - 0013-5194 VL - 55 IS - 6 SP - 304 EP - 306 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kuhn, Ramona A1 - Jensch, Robert A1 - Bryant, Isaac Mbir A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Liebsch, Stephan A1 - Martienssen, Marion T1 - Photodegradation of ethylenediaminetetra(methylenephosphonic acid) – The effect of the system configuration T2 - Journal of Photochemistry & Photobiology A: Chemistry N2 - Photodegradation of aminophosphonates such as ethylenediaminetetra(methylenephosphonic acid) (EDTMP) is recently assumed being the major degradation pathway in aquatic environments. Several photolysis studies were reported about EDTMP and possible breakdown products occurring in natural ecosystems. Reliable prediction of environmental photolysis of parent compounds and possible release of breakdown products requires different set-up conditions and varying the parameters influencing the photodegradation. We studied the influence of three different system configurations during UV degradation of EDTMP. These three configurations differed either in geometry and/or treated sample volumes. System 1 was equipped with a direct cooling jacket at the UV lamp. System 2 had the geometry of system 1 but there was no usage of a direct cooling jacket. System 3 was a gas-tight system with a larger sample volume. Using the chemical actinometer potassium ferrioxalate, we determined the highest photon flux for system 3 followed by system 2 and 1. In addition, we performed scavenger experiments with methanol and ascorbic acid in order to prove the dominating radical species. In system 1, the addition of methanol showed almost no effect while the ascorbic acid resulted in a reduction of 57.1% orthophosphate released. Therefore we conclude that in system 1 the radical-drive degradation of EDTMP is mainly based on superoxide radicals. In system 2 and 3 both radical species, i.e., hydroxyl radicals and superoxide radicals, contribute to the photodegradation of EDTMP. We determined different half-lives for EDTMP for the three different systems configurations. For system 1, the estimated half-life achieved was 14.09 ± 0.15 min. For system 2 and 3, the half-lives were almost similar and averaged 4.75 ± 0.05 min and 5.02 ± 0.20 min, respectively. Contrary to our assumption to also find the highest degradation rate for system 3, we found the highest degradation rate for system configuration 2 as a result of the differences in the construction and geometry of the three systems. Our findings lead us to recommend the three system configuration for different research purposes. Thus, we recommend system 1 for detailed studies on the degradation pathway of the parent compound and their breakdown products. System 2 is recommended as a suitable configuration for kinetic studies of the parent compound. And finally, we recommend the system configuration 3 for complete mass balances. The gas-tight system allows determining all soluble and gaseous compounds. KW - Phosphonates KW - Photodegradation KW - Photon flux KW - Scavenger KW - LC/MS KW - Actinometry Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotochem.2019.112192 SN - 1010-6030 VL - 388 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fellah, Mamoun A1 - Hezil, Naouel A1 - Samad, Mohammed Abdul A1 - Touhami, Mohamed Zine A1 - Montagne, Alex A1 - Iost, Alain A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Preliminary investigation on the bio-tribocorrosion behavior of porous nanostructured β-type titanium based biomedical alloys T2 - Materials Letters N2 - The bio-tribocorrosion behavior of newly developed near β-types Ti-15Nb and Ti-15Mo alloys was investigated in Phosphate-Buffered Saline (PBS) under different loads. Open-Circuit Potential (OCP), friction coefficient, wear volume and wear rate were evaluated. The results revealed that Ti-15Nb alloy exhibited lower wear rate, lower friction coefficient and better corrosion resistance during tribocorrosion than the Ti-15Mo alloy. This can be attributed to the diffusion of Nb which increases the repassivation rate (formation of a protective layer) in the Ti-15Nb alloy. In contrast Ti-15Mo shows a significantly higher rate of chemical reaction. KW - Ti-15Mo KW - Ti-15Nb KW - Corrosion KW - Bio-tribocorrosion KW - Biomaterials Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167577X19313862 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2019.126755 SN - 0167-577X VL - 257 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Goncharov, I. S. A1 - Masaylo, Dmitriy V. A1 - Orlov, Alexey A1 - Razumov, Nikolay G. A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei T1 - The Effect of Laser Power on the Microstructure of the Nb-Si Based In Situ Composite, Fabricated by Laser Metal Deposition T2 - Key Engineering Materials N2 - The Nb-Si in-situ composite samples were fabricated by laser metal deposition additive manufacturing technology from mechanically alloyed powders in vario-planetary ball mill. A laser metal of samples was carried out at various laser powers: 500 W, 1000 W, 1400 W. The microstructure of a sample grown at a laser power of 500 W consists of a solid solution of Nb, Nb3Si, and dendritic chains of Ti. When the laser power is increased to 1000 W, the volume fraction of silicides increases, the structural heterogeneity decreases. With further increase in laser power to 1400 W, Ti dissolves in Nb, dendritic chains disappear, Nb5Si3 silicide stabilizes. KW - Additive Manufacturing KW - Direct Energy Deposition KW - Nb-Si Based Alloy Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.scientific.net/KEM.822.556 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.822.556 SN - 1662-9795 VL - 822 SP - 556 EP - 562 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fellah, Mamoun A1 - Hezil, Naouel A1 - Touhami, Mohamed Zine A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Weiß, Sabine A1 - Kashkarov, Egor B. A1 - Lider, Andrey M. A1 - Montagne, Alex A1 - Iost, Alain T1 - Enhanced Structural and Tribological Performance of Nanostructured Ti–15Nb Alloy for Biomedical Applications T2 - Results in Physics N2 - Low modulus β-type Ti-15Nb alloys were prepared by subjecting them to different sintering temperatures (800, 900, 1000 and 1100 °C) and their morphological and structural properties were evaluated. X-ray diffraction analysis was used for the morphological characterization which indicated that the mean pore and crystallite size continuously decreased with increasing sintering temperature to reach the lowest values of 41 nm and 27.5 nm at 1100 °C, respectively. Moreover, the higher sintering temperature resulted in higher relative density, greater hardness and young’s modulus of the Ti-15Nb alloys. Wear tests were conducted using a ball-on-plate type Oscillating tribometer, under different applied loads (2, 8 and 16 N) to evaluate their tribological characterization. The wear rate and friction coefficient were lower at higher sintering temperature. This enhancement in tribological properties was attributed to a grain refinement. The Ti-15Nb alloys sintered at 1100 °C showed the best tribological performance. KW - Tribological properties KW - Sintering KW - Biomaterial KW - β-Ti Alloys KW - Ti-15Nb alloys KW - Milling Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211379719300506 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rinp.2019.102767 SN - 2211-3797 VL - 15 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Deutschmann, Claudia A1 - Sowa, Mandy A1 - Murugaiyan, Jayaseelan A1 - Roessler, Uwe A1 - Röber, Nadja A1 - Conrad, Karsten A1 - Laass, Martin W. A1 - Bogdanos, Dimitrios Petrou A1 - Sipeki, Nora A1 - Papp, Maria A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Schierack, Peter T1 - Identification of Chitinase-3-Like Protein 1 as a Novel Neutrophil Antigenic Target in Crohn’s Disease T2 - Journal of Crohn's and Colitis N2 - Background and Aims There is an increasing incidence of inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]. Autoimmune responses are involved in the pathophysiology of IBD, but their underlying pathways and target antigens have not yet been fully elucidated. Methods Autoantigenic targets in IBD were identified after separation of whole cell proteins isolated from neutrophils using two-dimensional electrophoresis and matrix assisted laser desorption ionization – time of flight mass spectrometry-based protein identification of the spots that displayed Western blotting signals with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-positive sera. The prevalence of IgG, IgA and secretory IgA [sIgA] to chitinase 3-like protein 1 [CHI3L1] was analysed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays using recombinant CHI3L1 in 110 patients with Crohn’s disease [CD], 95 with ulcerative colitis [UC], 126 with coeliac disease [CeD] and 86 healthy controls [HCs]. Results The 18-glycosylhydrolase family member CHI3L1 was identified as a neutrophil autoantigenic target. CD patients displayed significantly higher levels of IgG to CHI3L1 than patients with UC and CeD (p < 0.0001, respectively). IgA and sIgA to CHI3L1 was significantly higher in CD than in UC, CeD and HCs [p < 0.0001, respectively]. IgA and sIgA to CHI3L1 demonstrated the highest prevalence in CD [25.5%, 28/110; and 41.8%%, 46/110] compared to HCs [2.3%, 2/86; and 4.7%%, 4/86; p = 0.0015 and p < 0.0001] and are associated with a more complicated progression of CD. Conclusion CHI3L1 is a novel neutrophil autoantigenic target in CD. IgA and sIgA to CHI3L1 may serve as novel markers for CD and may facilitate the serological diagnosis of IBD. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz012 SN - 1876-4479 SN - 1873-9946 VL - 13 IS - 7 SP - 894 EP - 904 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dirkmann, Sven A1 - Kaiser, Jan A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas T1 - Filament Growth and Resistive Switching in Hafnium Oxide Memristive Devices T2 - Plasma Sources Science and Technology Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.7b19836 SN - 1361-6595 SN - 0963-0252 VL - 10 IS - 17 SP - 14857 EP - 14868 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gergs, Tobias A1 - Dirkmann, Sven A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas T1 - Integration of external electric fields in molecular dynamics simulation models for resistive switching devices T2 - Journal of Applied Physics Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5029877 SN - 0021-8979 SN - 1089-7550 VL - 123 IS - 24 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hausmann, Peter A1 - Daumer, Martin A1 - MacNeilage, Paul R. A1 - Glasauer, Stefan T1 - Ecological momentary assessment of head motion: Towards normative data of head stabilization T2 - Frontiers in Human Neuroscience N2 - Head stabilization is fundamental for balance during locomotion but can be impaired in elderly or diseased populations. Previous studies have identified several parameters of head stability with possible diagnostic value in a laboratory setting. Recently, the ecological validity of measures obtained in such controlled contexts has been called into question. The aim of this study was to investigate the ecological validity of previously described parameters of head stabilization in a real-world setting. Ten healthy subjects participated in the study. Head and trunk movements of each subject were recorded with inertial measurement units (IMUs) for a period of at least 10 h. Periods of locomotion were extracted from the measurements and predominant frequencies, root mean squares (RMSs) and bout lengths were estimated. As parameters of head stabilization, attenuation coefficients (ACs), harmonic ratios (HRs), coherences, and phase differences were computed. Predominant frequencies were distributed tightly around 2 Hz and ACs, HRs, and coherences exhibited the highest values in this frequency range. All head stability parameters exhibited characteristics consistent with previous reports, although higher variances were observed. These results suggest that head stabilization is tuned to the 2 Hz fundamental frequency of locomotion and that previously described measures of head stability could generalize to a real-world setting. This is the first study to address the ecological validity of these measures, highlighting the potential use of head stability parameters as diagnostic tools or outcome measures for clinical trials. The low cost and ease of use of the IMU technology used in this study could additionally be of benefit for a clinical application. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2019.00179 SN - 1662-5161 VL - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meyer, Antoine A1 - Meier, Martin A1 - Jongmanns, Marcel A1 - Seelig, Torsten A1 - Egbers, Christoph A1 - Mutabazi, Innocent T1 - Effect of the Initial Conditions on the Growth of Thermoelectric Instabilities During Parabolic T2 - Microgravity Science and Technology Y1 - 2019 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12217-019-09755-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12217-019-09755-1 SN - 1875-0494 SN - 0938-0108 VL - 31 IS - 5 SP - 715 EP - 721 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lopacinski, Lukasz A1 - Marinkovic, Miroslav A1 - Panic, Goran A1 - Eissa, Mohamed Hussein A1 - Hasani, Alireza A1 - Krishnegowda, Karthik A1 - Kraemer, Rolf T1 - Data Link Layer Processor for 100 Gbps Terahertz Wireless Communications in 28 nm CMOS Technology T2 - IEEE Access Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2907156 SN - 2169-3536 IS - 7 SP - 44489 EP - 44502 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Underberg, Lisa A1 - Kraemer, Rolf A1 - Hoyningen-Huene, Johannes von A1 - Kays, Rüdiger T1 - ParSec: Ein innovatives Funksystem für die Fertigungsautomation T2 - at - Automatisierungstechnik Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/auto-2018-0056 SN - 0340-434X SN - 2196-677X VL - 67 IS - 1 SP - 29 EP - 41 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Glasauer, Stefan T1 - Sequential Bayesian updating as a model for human perception T2 - Progress in Brain Research N2 - Sequential Bayesian updating has been proposed as model for explaining various systematic biases in human perception, such as the central tendency, range effects, and serial dependence. The present chapter introduces to the principal ideas behind Bayesian updating for the random-change model introduced previously and shows how to implement sequential updating using the exact method via probability distributions, the Kalman filter for Gaussian distributions, and a particle filter for approximate sequential updating. Finally, it is demonstrated how to couple perception to action by selecting an appropriate action based on the posterior distribution that results from sequential updating. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.pbr.2019.04.025 SN - 1875-7855 SN - 0079-6123 VL - 249 SP - 3 EP - 18 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Salmasi, Mehrdad A1 - Stemmler, Martin A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Loebel, Alex T1 - Synaptic Information Transmission in a Two-State Model of Short-Term Facilitation T2 - Entropy N2 - Action potentials (spikes) can trigger the release of a neurotransmitter at chemical synapses between neurons. Such release is uncertain, as it occurs only with a certain probability. Moreover, synaptic release can occur independently of an action potential (asynchronous release) and depends on the history of synaptic activity. We focus here on short-term synaptic facilitation, in which a sequence of action potentials can temporarily increase the release probability of the synapse. In contrast to the phenomenon of short-term depression, quantifying the information transmission in facilitating synapses remains to be done. We find rigorous lower and upper bounds for the rate of information transmission in a model of synaptic facilitation. We treat the synapse as a two-state binary asymmetric channel, in which the arrival of an action potential shifts the synapse to a facilitated state, while in the absence of a spike, the synapse returns to its baseline state. The information bounds are functions of both the asynchronous and synchronous release parameters. If synchronous release facilitates more than asynchronous release, the mutual information rate increases. In contrast, short-term facilitation degrades information transmission when the synchronous release probability is intrinsically high. As synaptic release is energetically expensive, we exploit the information bounds to determine the energy–information trade-off in facilitating synapses. We show that unlike information rate, the energy-normalized information rate is robust with respect to variations in the strength of facilitation. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/e21080756 SN - 1099-4300 VL - 21 IS - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Dieterich, Marianne A1 - Brandt, Thomas T1 - Computational neurology of gravity perception involving semicircular canal dysfunction in unilateral vestibular lesions T2 - Progress in Brain Research N2 - Unilateral peripheral vestibular lesions not only lead to vertigo, nystagmus and imbalance, but also to a bias in the perception of verticality, which can be measured as tilt of the subjective visual vertical (SVV). Previously, this tilt has been assumed to be caused by a residual otolith bias, for example, because unequal numbers of active haircells on both sides of the utricular striola might result in an imbalance of the firing rates of central otolith neurons. Here we propose that a tilt of the subjective visual vertical might as well be caused by a vertical semicircular canal bias in the roll axis after unilateral peripheral lesions. The canal bias, acting similar to angular velocity stimuli, influences the SVV via the central gravity estimator, which under normal circumstances resolves a perceptual tilt-translation ambiguity. To illustrate our hypothesis, we compare model predictions to data on SVV measurements in patients with unilateral vestibular lesions while being tilted or being rotated eccentrically. We further embed the model of peripheral processing in a neural network that implements the idiotropic bias and represents the direction of gravity as population code in a three dimensional spherical topography. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.pbr.2019.04.010 SN - 1875-7855 SN - 0079-6123 VL - 248 SP - 303 EP - 317 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lehnen, Nadine A1 - Schröder, Lena A1 - Henningsen, Peter A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Ramaioli, Cecilia T1 - Deficient head motor control in functional dizziness: Experimental evidence of central sensory-motor dysfunction in persistent physical symptoms T2 - Progress in Brain Research N2 - Understanding the mechanisms of symptoms that are insufficiently explained by organic dysfunction remains challenging. Recently, it has been proposed that such “functional symptoms” are based on erroneous sensory processing in the central nervous system (CNS), with internal expectations dominating sensory inputs. In a pilot study, we used a head motor control set-up to assess the interplay between sensory input and expectation on the example of patients with functional dizziness. Eight patients and 11 age-matched healthy controls performed large active eye-head gaze shifts towards visual targets in the natural situation and with the head moment of inertia 3.3-fold increased. The latter induces head oscillations and the expected sensory outcome of the movement, estimated in the CNS, does not match the actual sensory input. Head oscillations were assessed in patients and in healthy subjects and compared to prior results from patients with organic disease (vestibular loss and cerebellar ataxia). Head oscillations in patients with functional dizziness were different from those of healthy subjects (F(1,17) = 27.26, P < 0.001, partial η2 = 0.62), and similar to those of patients with cerebellar ataxia, and with vestibular loss (F(2,19) = 0.56, P = 0.58). Even in the natural, unweighted, condition, head oscillations were higher in functional dizziness patients than in healthy subjects (P = 0.001). Since an extensive work-up failed to demonstrate any explanatory peripheral vestibular, motor, or cerebellar organic dysfunction, these motor control deficits are a first indication of erroneous interplay between expectations and sensory input in the CNS that could account for persistent physical symptoms. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.pbr.2019.02.006 SN - 1875-7855 SN - 0079-6123 VL - 249 SP - 385 EP - 400 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schnellenbach, Jan A1 - Schubert, Christian T1 - A note on the behavioral political economy of innovation policy T2 - Journal of Evolutionary Economics Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00191-019-00625-y SN - 1432-1386 SN - 0936-9937 VL - 29 IS - 5 SP - 1399 EP - 1414 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Saskia M. A1 - John, Nancy A1 - Bilz, Ludwig T1 - Selbstwirksamkeitserwartung von Lehrkräften und ihr Handeln bei Mobbing zwischen Schülern - Ein systematisches Review T2 - Empirische Pädagogik N2 - Lehrkräfte spielen bei der Prävention von und Intervention bei Mobbing eine wichtige Rolle. Verschiedene Studien legen nahe, dass die Selbstwirksamkeitserwartung der Lehrkräfte dafür eine bedeutsame Ressource ist. Mittels eines systematischen Forschungsüberblicks wird im vorliegenden Beitrag analysiert, welche Fragestellungen Studien in diesem Themenbereich untersuchen und zu welchen zentralen Ergebnissen sie kommen. Die Befunde lassen sich einem breiten thematischen Feld zuordnen, wobei die meisten Einzelergebnisse den Zusammenhang mit der Interventionsbereitschaft der Lehrer betreffen. Überwiegend wird berichtet, dass höhere Selbstwirksamkeitserwartungen mit einer größeren Tendenz zu intervenieren einhergehen. Dennoch finden sich auch widersprüchliche Ergebnisse. Ersten Analysen zufolge könnten solche Widersprüche auf unterschiedliche Spezifitätsgrade der betrachteten Selbstwirksamkeitserwartungen zurückgeführt werden. KW - Interventionsbereitschaft KW - Lehrkräfte KW - Mobbingintervention KW - Selbstwirksamkeitserwartung Y1 - 2019 SN - 0931-5020 VL - 33 IS - 2 SP - 180 EP - 194 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Phillips, Helen R. P. A1 - Guerra, Carlos A. A1 - Bartz, Marie L. C. A1 - Briones, Maria J. I. A1 - Brown, George A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Global distribution of earthworm diversity T2 - Science KW - earthworm diversity Y1 - 2019 UR - https://science.sciencemag.org/content/366/6464/480.abstract U6 - https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aax4851 SN - 1095-9203 N1 - viele weitere Autoren VL - Vol. 366 IS - 6464 SP - 480 EP - 485 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Thommes, Kirsten A1 - Klabuhn, Janny T1 - Age and tenure diversity on the work floor – evidence from a natural field experiment in production T2 - Evidence-Based HRM N2 - Purpose – Past research on how to compose a team is ambiguous, especially with respect to diversity dimensions. The authors argue that previous inconsistencies in results have arisen for two main reasons. First, there is a lack of clarity about the concept of age diversity, as age separation, age variety and age disparity are frequently used synonymously, but capture very different aspects of diversity. Second, in many research settings, age and tenure diversity have been intertwined. When staffing teams, many staff managers ask for staffing advise concerning staff diversity in order to enhance efficiency. This staffing problem is mainly a question how homogeneous and heterogeneous teams should be composed. In this paper, the authors capture both – age and tenure diversity – as well as their interaction and argue that age separation and tenure variety are most likely to affect team performance in a routine task. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – The authors are testing the hypothesis using rich quantitative field data from a steel company. Findings – The results show that age separation decreases performance while tenure variety increases performance. Moreover, the beneficial effects of tenure variety cannot arise when age separation is too large. Research limitations/implications – The authors show that diversity research is very sensitive to the operationalization of diversity. Practical implications – Managers can benefit from the study by learning how to optimally staff teams: while age diversity should be low, tenure diversity can be high. Originality/value – Due to the unique data set, the authors can separate the influence of tenure and age diversity. Keywords Personnel economics, Organizational behaviour, Human resource management (general), Work performance and productivity, Teamwork Paper type Research paper KW - Personnel economics KW - Organizational behaviour KW - Human resource management (general) KW - Work performance and productivity KW - Teamwork Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EBHRM-04-2019-0033/full/html U6 - https://doi.org/10.1108/EBHRM-04-2019-0033 SN - 2049-3991 VL - 9 IS - 1 SP - 95 EP - 117 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jirasek, Robert A1 - Schauer, Thomas A1 - Bleicher, Achim ED - Mercère, Guillaume T1 - Active Vibration Control of a Convertible Structure based on a Linear Parameter-Varying Model T2 - 3rd IFAC Workshop on Linear Parameter Varying Systems, November 4-6, 2019 N2 - This paper investigates modelling and active vibration control (AVC) of ultra-lightweight convertible structures based on the elastic kinetic motion mechanism with a focus on civil and structural engineering applications. Model building is carried out in the linear parameter-varying (LPV) framework for the example of a convertible Fin Ray structure. In a first step local linear time-invariant (LTI) models are derived from a finite element model of the structure for different transformation states. On the basis of this collection of local LTI models, a grid-based LPV model is established. An AVC of multiple modes is implemented by means of a modal velocity feedback control. Single-input single-output (SISO) control design is carried out with the root locus method for the first and second mode using the same control input under the assumption of well separated eigenfrequencies. The implemented AVC is validated in simulation. Y1 - 2019 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S240589631932275X U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2019.12.375 SN - 2405-8963 VL - 52 IS - 28 SP - 190 EP - 195 CY - Eindhoven, The Netherlands ER - TY - GEN A1 - Borcia, Ion-Dan A1 - Borcia, Rodica A1 - Richter, Sebastian A1 - Xu, Wenchao A1 - Bestehorn, Michael A1 - Harlander, Uwe T1 - Horizontal Faraday instability in a circular channel T2 - Proceedings in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics (PAMM) N2 - We study surface waves in a circular channel placed on a rotating table. The tank can rotate with constant velocity and/or can oscillate. For a glycerin‐water‐solution with high viscosity, oscillation amplitudes about 20 cm and frequencies of 0.5 Hz, we observe surface patterns generated by a parametric instability. The circular geometry of the channel assures in a natural way the periodic lateral boundary conditions often used in the numerical simulations. Up to our knowledge this is the first experiment which evidences the horizontal Faraday instability in a container without walls blocking the flow in the oscillation direction. Experimental and numerical results are compared and discussed. KW - Faraday instability KW - Numerical solutions Y1 - 2019 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/pamm.201900242 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.201900242 SN - 1617-7061 VL - 19 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Borcia, Ion-Dan A1 - Borcia, Rodica A1 - Xu, Wenchao A1 - Bestehorn, Michael A1 - Richter, Sebastian A1 - Harlander, Uwe T1 - Undular bores in a large circular channel T2 - European Journal of Mechanics - B/Fluids N2 - An experimental device previously developed for studying rotating baroclinic flows has been used to investigate undular bores formation, propagation and collision. Up to our knowledge this is the first experimental study of undular bores in a circular channel. For a setup without barriers, this geometry accomplishes in a natural way the periodic lateral boundary conditions, very often used in numerical simulations. An excellent agreement between the experiment and simulation has been achieved. The spatio-temporal structure of bores is well reproduced for the first few reflections or collisions. KW - Undular bores KW - Bore collision KW - Periodical boundary conditions Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0997754619300706?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euromechflu.2019.09.003 SN - 0997-7546 VL - 79 SP - 67 EP - 73 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nickaeen, Niloofar A1 - Ghaisari, Jafar A1 - Heiner, Monika A1 - Moein, Shiva A1 - Gheisari, Yousof T1 - Agent-based modeling and bifurcation analysis reveal mechanisms of macrophage polarization and phenotype pattern distribution T2 - Scientific Reports Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-48865-z SN - 2045-2322 IS - 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gilbert, David A1 - Heiner, Monika A1 - Ghanbar, Leila A1 - Chodak, Jacek T1 - Spatial quorum sensing modelling using coloured hybrid Petri nets and simulative model checking T2 - BMC Bioinformatics Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12859-019-2690-z SN - 1471-2105 VL - 20 supplement 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Miani, Céline A1 - Razum, Oliver A1 - Spallek, Jacob T1 - Health of the offspring of immigrants: the BaBi birth cohort study T2 - Public Health Forum N2 - Children with a migration background are more at risk of health-related problems than those without a migration background. The German health system still does not adequately meet the challenges of on increasingly heterogeneous population, not least due to a lack of adequate epidemiological data and models. The BaBi study contributes to gaining new insights in the development of health inequalities due to cultural diversity in Germany, with a focus on pregnancy and early childhood. KW - cohort study KW - early childhood KW - migration KW - quantitative analysis KW - social epidemiology Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.degruyter.com/view/j/pubhef.2019.27.issue-4/pubhef-2019-0062/pubhef-2019-0062.xml U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/pubhef-2019-0062 SN - 1876-4851 SN - 0944-5587 VL - 27 IS - 4 SP - 298 EP - 300 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lippert, Ingmar T1 - On Not Muddling Lunches and Flights: Narrating a Number, Qualculation, and Ontologising Troubles T2 - Science & Technology Studies N2 - Calculating and making public carbon footprints is becoming self-evident for multinational corporations. Drawing on ethnographic data I narrate of the calculative routine practices involved in that process. The narration shows how routine yet sophisticated mathematical transformations are involved in retrieving salient information, and second that mathematical consistency is readily interrupted by ‘dirty data’. Such interruptions call for opportunistic data management in devising work-arounds, which effect enough mathematical coherence for the number to hold together. Foregrounding an episode of calculative data retrieval, interruption and work-around contrivance, I employ it to make a comparative reading of two STS analytics, arguing: whereas Callon and Law’s (2005) analytic technique of qualculation reveals the episode of data management and work around contrivance as a teleologically oriented process that manages to bridge mathematical inconsistency, Verran’s technique of ontologising troubles enables us to recognise how a number-as-network configures its particular kind of certainty and coherence, how it sticks. KW - calculation KW - qualculation KW - empirical philosophy KW - number KW - ontics KW - ontology Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.23987/sts.66209 SN - 2243-4690 VL - 31 IS - 4 SP - 53 EP - 74 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mendonca, Lucas Sangoi A1 - Martins, Leandro Tomé A1 - Radecker, Matthias A1 - Bisogno, Fábio Ecke A1 - Killat, Dirk T1 - Normalized Modeling of Piezoelectric Energy Harvester Based on Equivalence Transformation and Unit-Less Parameters T2 - Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems N2 - Micro-electromechanical systems are ubiquitous in several energy harvesting solutions and can be used in applications such as bio-implantable devices and wireless micro-sensors. Piezoelectricity is an interesting key to perform the interface between environmental extracted energy and the power delivered to the load due to the use of mechanical vibration and resonance features. However, it is necessary for a detailed analysis in order to obtain an accurate understanding of the system. In this regard, some works deal with the normalization procedures to analyze the piezoelectric component behavior based on the mechanical resonance frequency. In order to enhance the system modeling, the electromechanical resonance frequency must also be analyzed. This paper deals with an approach to model the piezoelectric component that allows analyzing several unitless parameters that are critical to improve the performance of the system. In addition, a state-space model for the piezo-harvester based on the Class-E resonant rectifier is presented. Some experimental results are shown to validate the theoretical approach. [2019-0082]. Y1 - 2019 UR - https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=8745680 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/JMEMS.2019.2921649 SN - 1941-0158 SN - 1057-7157 VL - 28 IS - 4 SP - 666 EP - 677 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Santhanakrishnan Balakrishnan, Venkateswaran A1 - Hart-Rawung, Thawin A1 - Buhl, Johannes A1 - Seidlitz, Holger A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Impact and damage behaviour of FRP-metal hybrid laminates made by the reinforcement of glass fibers on 22MnB5 metal surface T2 - Composites Science and Technology Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2019.107949 SN - 1879-1050 SN - 0266-3538 VL - Vol. 187 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liu, Fei A1 - Sun, Wujie A1 - Heiner, Monika A1 - Gilbert, David T1 - Hybrid modelling of biological systems using fuzzy continuous Petri nets T2 - Briefings in Bioinformatics N2 - Integrated modelling of biological systems is challenged by composing components with sufficient kinetic data and components with insufficient kinetic data or components built only using experts’ experience and knowledge. Fuzzy continuous Petri nets (FCPNs) combine continuous Petri nets with fuzzy inference systems, and thus offer an hybrid uncertain/certain approach to integrated modelling of such biological systems with uncertainties. In this paper, we give a formal definition and a corresponding simulation algorithm of FCPNs, and briefly introduce the FCPN tool that we have developed for implementing FCPNs. We then present a methodology and workflow utilizing FCPNs to achieve hybrid (uncertain/certain) modelling of biological systems illustrated with a case study of the Mercaptopurine metabolic pathway. We hope this research will promote the wider application of FCPNs and address the uncertain/certain integrated modelling challenge in the systems biology area. KW - systems biology KW - integrated modelling KW - fuzzy continuous Petri nets KW - uncertainties KW - hybrid simulation Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/bib/bbz114 VL - 22(2021) SP - 438 EP - 450 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kuhn, Ramona A1 - Bryant, Isaac Mbir A1 - Jensch, Robert A1 - Liebsch, Stephan A1 - Martienssen, Marion T1 - Photolysis of hexamethylenediaminetetra(methylenephosphonic acid) (HDTMP) using manganese and hydrogen peroxide T2 - Emerging Contaminants N2 - Aminophosphonates such as hexamethylenediaminetreta(methylene phosphonic acid) (HDTMP) are categorised as persistent substances. They are commonly used as scale inhibitors in cooling water systems and desalination processes. After utilisation, they are often discharged into aquatic environment without pre-treatment. Advanced oxidation processes (AOP) are promising pre-treatments for industrial wastewater treatments. We investigated the photodegradation of HDTMP with or without addition of manganese (Mn2þ) and/or H2O2. Similar to results of our former photodegradation studies, we found that HDTMP also undergoes conversion with or without additives during the ultra violet (UV) irradiation. The reaction rate was most affected by the addition of H2O2, i.e. the HDTMP degradation was accelerated by a factor 3.85 compared with UV treatment without additives. The addition of Mn2þ accelerated the degradation of HDTMP only by a factor 1.53 compared with the UV treatment without additives. The combined addition of Mn2þ and H2O2 accelerated the HDTMP degradation by a factor 2.81. Interestingly, the initial cleavage is not initiated as expected at the CeN bond but at the CeP bond of the methyl carbon and the phosphorus of the methylenephosphonic acid group of HDTMP. This initial cleavage was independent whether the UV treatment was performed with or without additives. Therefore, we conclude that the degradation mechanism is similar independent of the four tested treatment conditions. We identified amino(methylenephosphonic acid) AMPA, dimethylamino(methylenephosphonic acid) DAMP and iminodi(methylenephosphonic acid) IDMP as the major breakdown products by performing LC/MS analyses. The major mineralisation products were ortho-phosphate, ammonium and carbon dioxide. The mass balances of unknown breakdown products KW - HDTMP KW - Hydrogen peroxide KW - Manganese KW - LC/MS KW - Phosphonates KW - Photolysis Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emcon.2019.11.003 N1 - Die präsentierten Ergebnissen in diesem Artikel sind im Rahmen von zwei Abschlussarbeiten an der BTU erstellt worden. VL - 2020 IS - 6 SP - 10 EP - 19 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Imran, Muhammad A1 - Szyndler, Joanna A1 - Afzal, Muhammad Junaid A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Dynamic recrystallization-dependent damage modeling during hot forming T2 - International Journal of Damage Mechanics Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/1056789519848477 SN - 1530-7921 VL - 29 IS - 2 SP - 335 EP - 363 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stendal, Johan Andreas A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Eisentraut, Mark A1 - Sizova, Irina A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Applying Machine Learning to the Phenomenological Flow Stress Modeling of TNM-B1 T2 - Metals N2 - Data-driven or machine learning approaches are increasingly being used in material science and research. Specifically, machine learning has been implemented in the fields of materials discovery, prediction of phase diagrams and material modelling. In this work, the application of machine learning to the traditional phenomenological flow stress modelling of the titanium aluminide (TiAl) alloy TNM-B1 (Ti-43.5Al-4Nb-1Mo-0.1B) is investigated. Three model types were developed, analyzed and compared; a physics-based phenomenological model (PM) originally developed for steel by Cingara and McQueen, a purely data-driven machine learning model (MLM), and a hybrid model (HM), which uses characteristic points predicted by a learning algorithm as input for the phenomenological model. The same amount of data was used to both fit the PM and train the MLM and HM. The models were analyzed and compared based on the accuracy of their predictions, development and computing time, and their ability to predict on interpolated and extrapolated inputs. The results revealed that for the same amount of experimental data, the MLM was more accurate than the PM. In addition, the MLM was better able to capture the characteristic peak stress in the TNM-B1 the flow curves, and could be developed and computed faster. Furthermore, the MLM was able to make realistic predictions for inputs outside the experimental data used for training. The HM showed comparable accuracy to the PM for the experimental conditions. However, the HM was able to produce a better fit for input conditions outside the training data. KW - machine learning KW - phenomenological modeling KW - titanium aluminide KW - hot isothermal forging Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/9/2/220 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/met9020220 SN - 2075-4701 VL - 9 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lee, Seahyoung A1 - Ganesan, Ramakrishnan A1 - Krüger-Genge, Anne A1 - Kratz, Karl A1 - Franke, Ralf-Peter A1 - Lendlein, Andreas A1 - Jung, Friedrich T1 - Substrate-enzyme affinity-based surface modification strategy for endothelial cell-specific binding under shear stress T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - Establishing an endothelial cell (EC) monolayer on top of the blood contacting surface of grafts is considered to be a promising approach for creating a hemocompatible surface. Here we utilized the high affinity interactions between the EC plasma membrane expressed enzyme called endothelin converting enzyme-1 (ECE-1) and its corresponding substrate big Endothelin-1 (bigET-1) to engineer an EC-specific binding surface. Since enzymatic cleavage of substrates require physical interaction between the enzyme and its corresponding substrate, it was hypothesized that a surface with chemically immobilized synthetic bigET-1 will preferentially attract ECs over other types of cells found in vascular system such as vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). First, the expression of ECE-1 was significantly higher in ECs, and ECs processed synthetic bigET-1 to produce ET-1 in a cell number-dependent manner. Such interaction between ECs and synthetic bigET-1 was also detectible in blood. Next, vinyl-terminated self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) were established, oxidized and activated on a glass substrate as a model to immobilize synthetic bigET-1 via amide bonds. The ECs cultured on the synthetic bigET-1-immobilized surface processed larger amount of synthetic bigET-1 to produce ET-1 compared to VSMCs (102.9±5.13 vs. 9.75±0.74 pg/ml). The number of ECs bound to the synthetic bigET-1-immobilized surface during 1 h of shearing (5dyne/cm2) was approximately 3-fold higher than that of VSMCs (46.25±12.61 vs. 15.25±3.69 cells/100×HPF). EC-specific binding of synthetic bigET-1-immobilized surface over a surface modified with collagen, a common substance for cell adhesion, was also observed. The present study demonstrated that using the substrate-enzyme affinity (SEA) of cell type-specific enzyme and its corresponding substrate can be an effective method to engineer a surface preferentially binds specific type of cells. This novel strategy might open a new route toward rapid endothelialization under dynamic conditions supporting the long-term patency of cardiovascular implants. KW - endothelin converting enzyme-1 KW - big endothelin-1 KW - endothelialization KW - shear resistance Y1 - 2020 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/clinical-hemorheology-and-microcirculation/ch190736 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-190736 SN - 1875-8622 VL - 75 IS - 1 SP - 85 EP - 98 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Pietzsch, Jens T1 - Regulation of bone regeneration T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation Y1 - 2019 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/clinical-hemorheology-and-microcirculation/ch199101 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-199101 SN - 1875-8622 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 73 IS - 3 SP - 379 EP - 380 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maqbool, Fawad A1 - Hajavifard, Ramin A1 - Walther, Frank A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Engineering the residual stress state of the metastable austenitic stainless steel (MASS) disc springs by incremental sheet forming (ISF) T2 - Production Engineering Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11740-018-0864-6 SN - 0944-6524 SN - 1863-7353 VL - Vol. 13 IS - 2 SP - 139 EP - 148 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Medina Méndez, Juan Ali A1 - Schmidt, Heiko T1 - Application of ODT to constant volume autoignition problems T2 - Proceedings in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics N2 - The One-Dimensional Turbulence (ODT) model is applied to a constant volume configuration by means of a periodic, one-dimensional domain subject to randomized ensemble members with initial inhomogeneous temperature fields and homogeneous mass fraction profiles. The multidimensional turbulent interactions in the flow are modeled by the separate implementation of turbulent advection and the diffusion-reaction processes, neglecting the mean advection of the system. On one hand, turbulent advection is modeled by means of the eddy events defined within the framework of ODT; on the other hand, the diffusion-reaction system is solved by means of the Zero-Mach limit conservation equations discretized with a 1D Finite Volume Method (FVM). The treatment is specialized in this work to constant volume systems. Due to the inherent stiffness of the diffusion-reaction system, an operator splitting approach is also included in the formulation. Results for n-Heptane chemistry comprising the temporal evolution of the heat release rate, pressure and normalized density-weighted displacement speed are shown and compared to DNS results from Yoo et al. [Combust. Flame 158 (2011) 1727-1741], in terms of individual ensemble members and mean ensemble behavior. The results show that it is possible to obtain reasonably good results in comparison to the DNS if an appropriate set of initial conditions is used. Furthermore, it is shown that the model uncertainty is negligible in comparison to the ensemble standard deviation introduced by randomized initial conditions. Overall, this work introduces the framework for constant volume autoignition in ODT and shows its efficiency for complex chemistry simulations. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.201710291 SN - 1617-7061 VL - 17 IS - 1 SP - 643 EP - 644 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Matern, Antje A1 - Binder, Julia A1 - Noack, Anika T1 - Smart regions: insights from hybridization and peripheralization research T2 - European Planning Studies Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2019.1703910 SN - 0965-4313 SN - 1469-5944 VL - 28(2020) IS - 10 SP - 2060 EP - 2077 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kaiser, Bert A1 - Langa, Sergiu A1 - Ehrig, Lutz A1 - Stolz, Michael A1 - Schenk, Hermann A1 - Conrad, Holger A1 - Schenk, Harald A1 - Schimmanz, Klaus A1 - Schuffenhauer, David T1 - Concept and proof for an all-silicon MEMS micro speaker utilizing air chambers T2 - Microsystems and Nanoengineering N2 - MEMS-based micro speakers are attractive candidates as sound transducers for smart devices, particularly wearables and hearables. For such devices, high sound pressure levels, low harmonic distortion and low power consumption are required for industrial, consumer and medical applications. The ability to integrate with microelectronic circuitry, as well as scalable batch production to enable low unit costs, are the key factors benchmarking a technology. The Nanoscopic Electrostatic Drive based, novel micro speaker concept presented in this work essentially comprises in-plane, electrostatic bending actuators, and uses the chip volume rather than the its surface for sound generation. We describe the principle, design, fabrication, and first characterization results. Various design options and governing equations are given and discussed. In a standard acoustical test setup (ear simulator), a MEMS micro speaker generated a sound pressure level of 69 dB at 500 Hz with a total harmonic distortion of 4.4%, thus proving the concept. Further potential on sound pressure as well as linearity improvement is outlined. We expect that the described methods can be used to enhance and design other MEMS devices and foster modeling and simulation approaches. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41378-019-0095-9 SN - 2055-7434 IS - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Medina Méndez, Juan Ali A1 - Glawe, Christoph A1 - Starick, Tommy A1 - Schöps, Mark Simon A1 - Schmidt, Heiko T1 - IMEX-ODTLES: A multi-scale and stochastic approach for highly turbulent flows T2 - Proceedings in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics N2 - The stochastic One-Dimensional Turbulence (ODT) model is used in combination with a Large Eddy Simulation (LES) approach in order to illustrate the potential of the fully coupled model (ODTLES) for highly turbulent flows. In this work, we use a new C++ implementation of the ODTLES code in order to analyze the computational performance in a classical incompressible turbulent channel flow problem. The parallelization potential of the model, as well as its physical and numerical consistency are evaluated and compared to Direct Numerical Simulations (DNSs). The numerical results show that the model is capable of reproducing a representative part of the DNS data at a cheaper computational cost. This advantage can be enhanced in the future by the implementation of a straightforward parallelization approach. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.201900433 SN - 1617-7061 VL - 19 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Medina Méndez, Juan Ali A1 - Klein, Marten A1 - Schmidt, Heiko T1 - One-Dimensional Turbulence investigation of variable density effects due to heat transfer in a low Mach number internal air flow T2 - International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow N2 - A novel spatial formulation of the One-Dimensional Turbulence (ODT) model is applied to a vertical pipe-flow with heat transfer, analogous to the Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) performed by Bae et al. [Phys. Fluids 18, (075102) (2006)]. The framework presented here is an extension for radially confined domains of the cylindrical ODT spatial formulation for low Mach number flows with variable density. The variable density simulations for air (Prandtl number Pr = 0.71) are performed at an initial bulk Reynolds number Reb (DNS) = 6000 and Grashof number Gr (DNS) = 6.78*10^6. ODT results are presented for both the spatial formulation introduced in this work and the standard temporal formulation for cylindrical flows introduced by Lignell et al. [Theor. Comput. Fluid Dyn. 32, 4 (2018), pp. 495–520]. Streamwise bulk profiles and radial profiles at specific streamwise positions for the temporal and spatial formulations are in good agreement with the DNS results from Bae et al. For the present application, the spatial formulation yields physically better results in comparison to the temporal formulation. Overall, the findings in the original work of Bae et al. were corroborated with ODT. Although the framework proposed in this work is not a compressible framework and has some clear limitations regarding conservation properties, we suggest its use for future studies in the low Mach number variable density regime. Y1 - 2019 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0142727X19301596 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2019.108481 SN - 0142-727X SN - 1879-2278 VL - 80 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wachs, Sebastian A1 - Görzig, Anke A1 - Wright, Michelle F. A1 - Schubarth, Wilfried A1 - Bilz, Ludwig T1 - Associations among adolescents’ relationships with parents, peers, and teachers, self-efficacy, and willingness to intervene in bullying: A social cognitive approach T2 - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health N2 - We applied the Social Cognitive Theory to investigate whether parent–child relationships, bullying victimization, and teacher–student relationships are directly as well as indirectly via self-efficacy in social conflicts associated with adolescents’ willingness to intervene in a bullying incident. There were 2071 (51.3% male) adolescents between the ages of 12 and 17 from 24 schools in Germany who participated in this study. A mediation test using structural equation modeling revealed that parent–child relationships, bullying victimization, and teacher–student relationships were directly related to adolescents’ self-efficacy in social conflicts. Further, teacher–student relationships and bullying victimization were directly associated with adolescents’ willingness to intervene in bullying. Finally, relationships with parents, peers and teachers were indirectly related to higher levels of students’ willingness to intervene in bullying situations due to self-efficacy in social conflicts. Thus, our analysis confirms the general assumptions of Social Cognitive Theory and the usefulness of applying its approach to social conflicts such as bullying situations. KW - bullying KW - intervention KW - willingness to intervene KW - bullying victimization KW - school KW - parent-child relationship KW - teacher-student relationship KW - self-efficacy Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/2/420 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17020420 SN - 1660-4601 VL - 17 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Besong, Lemopi Isidore A1 - Buhl, Johannes A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Investigations on hole-flanging by paddle forming and a comparison with single point incremental forming T2 - International Journal of Mechanical Sciences Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2019.105143 SN - 0020-7403 VL - vol. 164 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Eisentraut, Mark A1 - Bolz, Sebastian A1 - Sizova, Irina A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Development of a heat treatment strategy for the γ-TiAl based alloy TNM-B1 to increase the hot workability T2 - SN Applied Sciences Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-019-1563-4 SN - 2523-3963 SN - 2523-3971 VL - 1 IS - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Tingyi A1 - Moreau, Danielle J. A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Fischer, Jeoffrey A1 - Doolan, Con T1 - Dataset on tip vortex formation noise produced by wall-mounted finite airfoils with flat and rounded tip geometries T2 - Data in Brief Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2019.105058 SN - 2352-3409 VL - 28 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maqbool, Fawad A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Influence of Process Parameters in Incremental Sheet Metal Forming on Residual Stresses T2 - Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/jmmp3020031 SN - 2504-4494 VL - 3 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Emdadi, Aliakbar A1 - Sizova, Irina A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Hecht, Ulrike T1 - Hot deformation behavior of a spark plasma sintered Fe-25Al-1.5Ta alloy with strengthening Laves phase T2 - Intermetallics Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/J.intermet.2019.03.017 SN - 0966-9795 VL - Vol. 109 SP - 123 EP - 134 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Buhl, Johannes A1 - Israr, Rameez A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Modeling and convergence analysis of directed energy deposition simulations with hybrid implicit / explicit and implicit solutions T2 - Journal of Machine Engineering Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.4086 SN - 2391-8071 SN - 1895-7595 VL - Vol. 19 IS - 3 SP - 94 EP - 107 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Besong, Lemopi Isidore A1 - Buhl, Johannes A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Paddle shape optimization for hole-flanging by paddle forming through the use of a predefined strain path in finite element analysis T2 - Journal of Machine Engineering Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.2226 SN - 1895-7595 SN - 2391-8071 VL - Vol. 19 IS - 2 SP - 83 EP - 98 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Travnikov, Vadim A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Linear stability analysis of the convective flow in a spherical gap with rotating inner surface T2 - International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0017931019315716?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2019.119052 SN - 0017-9310 SN - 1879-2189 VL - 148 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Friesen, Hans T1 - Macht und Kritik T2 - Archiv für Rechts- und Sozialphilosophie : ARSP Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.25162/ARSP-2019-0015 SN - 2363-5614 SN - 2363-5606 VL - 105 IS - 3 SP - 317 EP - 339 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hajavifard, Ramin A1 - Maqbool, Fawad A1 - Schmiedt-Kalenborn, Anke A1 - Buhl, Johannes A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Integrated Forming and Surface Engineering of Disc Springs by Inducing Residual Stresses by Incremental Sheet Forming T2 - Materials Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12101646 SN - 1996-1944 VL - 12 IS - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maqbool, Fawad A1 - Hajavifard, Ramin A1 - Walther, Frank A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Experimental investigation and finite element modelling of residual stress control in disc springs made of metastable austenitic stainless steel (MASS) using incremental sheet forming (ISF) T2 - Procedia Manufacturing Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2019.02.099 SN - 2351-9789 VL - Vol. 29 SP - 12 EP - 20 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Herty, Michael T1 - Model Predictive Control of the Punch Speed for Damage Reduction in Isothermal Hot Forming T2 - Materials Science Forum Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.949.1 VL - 949 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lippert, Ingmar T1 - Environment as Datascape: Enacting Emission Realities in Corporate Carbon Accounting T2 - Geoforum N2 - Ecological modernist approaches to climate change are premised upon knowing carbon emissions. I ask how corporate environmental managers know and do carbon, i.e., shape the reality of emissions. I argue that for managers’ practical purposes carbon exists as malleable data. Based on ethnographic fieldwork over a period of 20 months in a Fortune 50 multinational corporation, I show that managers materially-discursively arrange heterogeneous entities – databases, files, paper, words, numbers – in and between office spaces, enabling them to stage emission facts as stable and singular. Employing Annemarie Mol’s work on multiplicity, I show that multiple enactments of carbon hang together not by an antecedent body (CO2) but through ongoing configurations of data practices. Disillusioning promissory economic discourses of ‘internalisation’, I demonstrate: Management is materially premised upon preventing purportedly internalised carbon realities from entering capitalist core processes. This undermines carbon economics’ realist promises. Staging some carbon realities as in control is premised upon managers’ ongoing, reflexive, partial and always situated configuration of, e.g., standards, formal meetings or digital data practices in which humans do carbon-as-data. Carbon practices are materially-discursively aligned, forming a configuration. This configuration effects carbon as a malleable and locally configurable space rather than as a closed fact. Reconstructing managers’ practices as configuring carbon-as-dataspace, I argue, allows grasping adequately the contingency and constraints of managing carbon as a particular material-discursive form of environment. In conclusion I generalise the environmental management office as a space that can be configured to stage, beyond carbon, other global environments as well. KW - Accounting KW - carbon KW - Ontology KW - Configuration KW - Enactment KW - data Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2014.09.009 SN - 0016-7185 VL - 66 SP - 125 EP - 135 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dietrich, Haike A1 - Heidger, F. A1 - Schniepp, Roman A1 - MacNeilage, Paul R. A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Wühr, Max T1 - Head motion predictability explains activity-dependent suppression of vestibular balance control T2 - Scientific Reports N2 - Vestibular balance control is dynamically weighted during locomotion. this might result from a selective suppression of vestibular inputs in favor of a feed-forward balance regulation based on locomotor efference copies. The feasibility of such a feed-forward mechanism should however critically depend on the predictability of head movements (HMP) during locomotion. To test this, we studied in 10 healthy subjects the differential impact of a stochastic vestibular stimulation (SVS) on body sway (center-of-pressure, COP) during standing and walking at different speeds and compared it to activity-dependent changes in HMp. SVS-cop coupling was determined by correlation analysis in frequency and time domains. HMP was quantified as the proportion of head motion variance that can be explained by the average head trajectory across the locomotor cycle. SVS-COP coupling decreased from standing to walking and further dropped with faster locomotion. Correspondingly, HMP increased with faster locomotion. Furthermore, SVS-COP coupling depended on the gait-cycle-phase with peaks corresponding to periods of least HMP. These findings support the assumption that during stereotyped human self-motion, locomotor efference copies selectively replace vestibular cues, similar to what was previously observed in animal models. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-57400-z SN - 2045-2322 VL - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Naumov, Anton A1 - Isupov, Fedor A1 - Golubev, Iurii A1 - Morozova, Iuliia T1 - Effect of the temperature of friction stir welding on the microstructure and mechanical properties of welded joints of an Al-Cu-Mg alloy T2 - Metal Science and Heat Treatment N2 - Amethod for assessing the effect of the temperature of friction stir welding on the microstructure and mechanical properties of welded joints of aluminum alloy D16AT is suggested. The temperature cycles in different zones of a welded joint are determined by mathematical simulation. The computed temperature cycles are implemented in a Gleeble-3800 system. It is shown that the welding temperature affects little the evolution of the microstructure in different zones of the welded joints of alloy D16AT. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11041-019-00342-0 SN - 1573-8973 SN - 0026-0673 VL - 60 SP - 695 EP - 700 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Naumov, Anton A1 - Morozova, Iuliia A1 - Isupov, Fedor A1 - Golubev, Iurii A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Temperature Influence on Microstructure and Properties Evolution of Friction Stir Welded Al-Mg-Si Alloy T2 - Key Engineering Materials N2 - The temperature influence on the microstructure evolution and microhardness of the agehardenable aluminium alloy 6082 T6 during friction stir welding was defined. In order to achieve this aim, the thermocycles calculated using the developed 3D Finite Element Model were physically simulated on the Gleeble-3800 in the points which located in the different zones of the weld. The microstructure in the chosen points after Gleeble testing was investigated as well as the microhardness was measured. The results were consequently compared with the relevant results obtained after friction stir welding. It was shown that the microstructure and microhardness profile are influenced not only by temperature but by deformation. The increase in hardness in different zones after FSW compared to Gleeble testing can be explained by the grain refinement in the nugget zone as well as the hardening precipitate distribution along the weld which can occur more rapidly due to the deformation influence. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.822.122 SN - 1662-9795 VL - 822 SP - 122 EP - 128 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shapovalov, Oleg A1 - Kodzhaspirov, Georgii A1 - Hantelmann, Cord A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Effect of a Welding Method on the Fatigue Strength and Fracture of Foam–Aluminum Sandwiches T2 - Russian Metallurgy (Metally) N2 - The influence of argon-arc welding and laser welding on the fatigue properties and the fracture of a foam–aluminum sandwich is studied. Argon-arc-welded samples are found to have the highest fatigue strength. KW - aluminum sandwich KW - fatigue strength KW - four-point bending KW - butt weld Y1 - 2019 UR - https://link.springer.com/journal/11505/2019/10/page/2 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1134/S0036029519100239 SN - 0036-0295 VL - Vol. 2019 IS - 10 SP - 1063 EP - 1066 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Thomas A1 - Buß, Lars A1 - Ewert, Moritz A1 - Schönhoff, Gunnar A1 - Wehling, Tim Oliver A1 - Falta, Jens T1 - Adsorption of sulfur on Si(111) T2 - Surface Science N2 - The adsorption of S on Si(111)- 7 × 7 has been investigated for different preparation schemes and parameters. S was supplied from an electrochemical Ag2S cell. For room temperature adsorption and subsequent annealing, no ordered S induced reconstruction can be observed with spot profile analysis low-energy electron diffraction (SPALEED). S deposition at temperatures above about 400°C, however, leads to a well-ordered reconstruction. Judging from the LEED pattern, the same reconstruction was already observed by Metzner et al. [Surf. Sci. 377–379(1997) 71–74] who identified it as 4 × 4 reconstruction. The upper temperature limit for the pre-paration of this superstructure depends on S flux, which is needed to compensate for desorption. Prolonged S exposure leads to surface roughening, as observed with SPALEED and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), pointing to surface etching by S. From our SPALEED data, we can conclude that the observed reconstruction is not a 4 × 4 reconstruction, but a 20/12 superstructure with a rectangular unit cell that exists in three rotational domains, as confirmed by STM. Different structural trial models have been assessed with density functional theory. Among these model structures, a configuration with dimers adsorbed on bridging sites, with a S coverage of 1 monolayer, is most likely, since it is energetically favorable and is in agreement with all experimental results. KW - Passivation KW - Low-energy electron diffraction KW - Scanning tunneling microscopy KW - Density functional theory KW - Auger electron spectroscopy Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susc.2019.121561 SN - 0039-6028 SN - 1879-2758 VL - 694 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kurgansky, Michael V. A1 - Seelig, Torsten A1 - Klein, Marten A1 - Will, Andreas A1 - Harlander, Uwe T1 - Mean flow generation due to longitudinal librations of sidewalls of a rotating annulus T2 - Geophysical & Astrophysical Fluid Dynamics N2 - Laboratory experiments with a rotating cylindrical annulus arereported that reveal a prograde jet, which is adjacent to a (longitu-dinally) librating inner straight cylindrical wall. Here, wall libration isrealised as a time-harmonic modulation of the inner cylinder’s rota-tion rate. The outer cylindrical wall and bottom and top lids rotatewith constant angular velocity. The main purpose of our study is tocontribute to a qualitative and quantitative understanding of non-linearities that are present in oscillating, but centrifugally stable,vertical boundary layers frequently encountered in rotating wall-bounded flows. We consider a problem that is in a sense comple-mentary to that of previous works that focused on oscillating Ekmanlayers but neglected the vertical Stokes−Stewartson layers. A sim-ple analytical model is proposed that is able to predict the magni-tude and spatial structure of the emerging prograde near-wall jet interms of nonlinearity inherent in the inner cylinder’s boundary layerdynamics. KW - boundary layer structure KW - geophysical and geological flows KW - longitudinal libration Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/03091929.2019.1692829 SN - 1029-0419 VL - 114 IS - 6 SP - 762 ER - TY - GEN A1 - He, Qianwen A1 - Wendland, Frank A1 - Molkenthin, Frank T1 - The analysis of nitrogen load and simulation uncertainty using SWAT in a catchment with paddy field in China T2 - Water Science & Technology Journal KW - critical source areas KW - hydrological model KW - nitrogen load KW - nitrogen source apportionment KW - SWAT KW - uncertainty analysis Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2019.326 SN - 0273-1223 SN - 1996-9732 VL - 80 IS - 4 SP - 806 EP - 816 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lippert, Ingmar A1 - Verran, Helen T1 - After Numbers? Innovations in Science and Technology Studies' analytics of Numbers and Numbering T2 - Science & Technology Studies N2 - Locating studies of numbers in STS-and the proposed position of this SI Number studies have featured often in past STS scholarship. Indeed, one might articulate a history of STS analytic concepts and theories by tracking number studies. One might begin such an undertaking by pointing out that studies in STS followed anthropology in proposing numbers as social entities, noting that in anthropology number studies have featured since the end of the nineteenth century. When STS studies generally were focussing on epistemology, the analytic framings of number scholarship in STS reflected that. From the 1970s until the end of the century number studies proliferated. In line with other areas of STS, a focus on ontology began to appear in number studies in the mid 1990s, albeit at first hesitantly (Watson, 1990; Watson-Verran, 1995). But it was not the STS past with its range of number studies that interested us when we set out to assemble this special issue of Science & Technology Studies. We were more interested to show how contemporary number studies were deploying new analytics that are emerging in STS. To this end we were concerned to have contributors reflect on the analytic framing they were using to make their STS number study and to comparatively articulate the analytic affordances it offered. In beginning we register our delighted surprise at how this special issue turned out, noting how much we learned along the way from the authors who have contributed. We offer six papers each of which we see as broaching a novel issue in STS number studies. They attend to a very wide range of sociotech-nical situations where numbers and/or algorithms feature. The nexus numbers and/as algorithms is puzzlingly relevant to taking on numbers. Recognising that numbers both are and are not algorithms (and vice versa) we begin by making clear how we see relations between numbers and algorithms. While algorithms mobilise a protocol that elaborates how to work relations between numbers, e.g. embedded in a database, numbers express a protocol that lays out how to work relations embedded within a number as it comes into being in the banal routines of enumeration, as for example in Watson (1990). KW - calculation KW - numbers KW - number KW - enumerating KW - Science and Technology Studies Y1 - 2018 UR - https://sciencetechnologystudies.journal.fi/article/view/76416/38378 U6 - https://doi.org/10.23987/sts.76416 SN - 2243-4690 VL - 31 IS - 4 SP - 2 EP - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lippert, Ingmar A1 - Krause, Franz A1 - Hartmann, Niklas T1 - Environmental Management as Situated Practice T2 - Geoforum N2 - We propose an analysis of environmental management (EM) as work and as practical activity. This approach enables empirical studies of the diverse ways in which professionals, scientists, NGO staffers, and activists achieve the partial manageability of specific “environments”. In this introduction, we sketch the debates in Human Geography, Management Studies, and Science and Technology Studies to which this special issue contributes. We identify the limits of understanding EM though the framework of ecological modernisation, and show how political ecology and work-place studies provide important departures towards a more critical approach. Developing these further, into a cosmopolitical direction, we propose studying EM as sets of socially and materially situated practices. This enables a shift away from established approaches which treat EM either as a toolbox whose efficiency has to be assessed, or as simply the implementation of dominant projects and the materialisation of hegemonic discourse. Such a shift renders EM as always messy practices of engagement, critique and improvisation. We conclude that studying the distributed and situated managing agencies, actors and their practices allows to imagine new forms of critical interventions. KW - Conservation KW - Political ecology KW - Post-constructivism KW - Cosmopolitics KW - Ecological modernisation KW - Workplace studies Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2015.09.006 SN - 0016-7185 VL - 66 SP - 107 EP - 114 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lippert, Ingmar T1 - Failing the market, failing deliberative democracy: How scaling up corporate carbon reporting proliferates information asymmetries T2 - Big Data & Society N2 - Corporate carbon footprint data has become ubiquitous. This data is also highly promissory. But as this paper argues, such data fails both consumers and citizens. The governance of climate change seemingly requires a strong foundation of data on emission sources. Economists approach climate change as a market failure, where the optimisation of the atmosphere is to be evidence based and data driven. Citizens or consumers, state or private agents of control, all require deep access to information to judge emission realities. Whether we are interested in state-led or in neoliberal ‘solutions’ for either democratic participatory decision-making or for preventing market failure, companies’ emissions need to be known. This paper draws on 20 months of ethnographic fieldwork in a Fortune 50 company’s environmental accounting unit to show how carbon reporting interferes with information symmetry requirements, which further troubles possibilities for contesting data. A material-semiotic analysis of the data practices and infrastructures employed in the context of corporate emissions disclosure details the situated political economies of data labour along the data processing chain. The explicit consideration of how information asymmetries are socially and computationally shaped, how contexts are shifted and how data is systematically straightened out informs a reflexive engagement with Big Data. The paper argues that attempts to automatise environmental accounting’s veracity management by means of computing metadata or to ensure that data quality meets requirements through third-party control are not satisfactory. The crossover of Big Data with corporate environmental governance does not promise to trouble the political economy that hitherto sustained unsustainability. KW - Environmental governance KW - environmental information KW - environmental accounting KW - data quality KW - data practice KW - veracity management Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/2053951716673390 SN - 2053-9517 VL - 3 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lippert, Ingmar T1 - Carbon Classified? Unpacking Heterogeneous Relations Inscribed Into Corporate Carbon Emissions T2 - Ephemera N2 - How does a corporation know it emits carbon? Acquiring such knowledge starts with the classification of environmentally relevant consumption information. This paper visits the corporate location at which this underlying element for their knowledge is assembled to give rise to carbon emissions. Using an actor-network theory (ANT) framework, the aim is to investigate the actors who bring together the elements needed to classify their carbon emission sources and unpack the heterogeneous relations drawn on. Based on an ethnographic study of corporate agents of ecological modernisation over a period of 13 months, this paper provides an exploration of three cases of enacting classification. Drawing on ANT, we problematise the silencing of a range of possible modalities of consumption facts and point to the ontological ethics involved in such performances. In a context of global warming and corporations construing themselves as able and suitable to manage their emissions, and, additionally, given that the construction of carbon emissions has performative consequences, the underlying practices need to be declassified, i.e. opened for public scrutiny. Hence the paper concludes by arguing for a collective engagement with the ontological politics of carbon. KW - carbon emissions KW - corporate social responibility KW - environmental sociology KW - enterprise KW - corporate environmental management KW - climate change KW - ethnography KW - actor-network theory (ANT) KW - political economy Y1 - 2012 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-56595-9 UR - https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-56595-9 SN - 1473-2866 VL - 12 IS - 1 SP - 138 EP - 161 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lippert, Ingmar T1 - Extended Carbon Cognition as a Machine T2 - Computational Culture N2 - Carbon matters. And it is computed. In a culture. Underlying calculations are configured; and they could be configured otherwise. To open a space for conceptual discussion about carbon, this article attempts to reconstruct the extended and distributed practices of knowing carbon emissions with the help of scholarship from the field of Science and Technology Studies (STS) on heterogeneity and qualculation. To that end, the following pages serve to characterise the machinic quality of a specific technology, one which is often construed as a means for reconciling capitalism with “Nature”: the corporate social construction and accounting of carbon dioxide emissions. This allows us to problematise and contextualise the distributed and heterogeneous intelligence assembled by human and non-humans to make intelligible their corporation’s carbon footprint. Politically, engagement with this kind of intelligence is key to a critical understanding of the limits to managing the environment. By engaging empirically with carbon accounting, this article offers a contribution to the analysis of the hegemonic to dealing with environmental issues (ecological modernisation) and illustrates the generative quality of conceptual work on heterogeneous assemblages. KW - carbon emissions KW - modernization KW - enterprise KW - knowledge KW - nature KW - environmental sociology KW - ecology KW - actor-network theory (ANT) KW - corporate environmental management KW - ethnography Y1 - 2011 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-60504-9 SN - 2047-2390 VL - 1 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Scholaske, Laura A1 - Rodriguez, Norma A1 - Sari, Nida Emel A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Ziegler, Matthias A1 - Entringer, Sonja T1 - The German Version of the Multidimensional Acculturative Stress Inventory (MASI) for Turkish-Origin Immigrants. Measurement Invariance of Filter Questions and Validation T2 - European Journal of Psychological Assessment N2 - The Multidimensional Acculturative Stress Inventory (MASI) is an established measure of acculturative stress for people of Mexican origin living in the USA that has been associated with mental health outcomes in this population. We translated the MASI into German and adapted it for use with Turkish-origin immigrants in Germany. The MASI includes filter questions asking if a potentially stressful event had actually occurred before reporting the stress appraisal of these situations. Measurement invariance testing has become a standard practice to evaluate questionnaire translations, however, measurement invariance of filter questions has been scarcely studied. In Study 1, we evaluated measurement invariance of the filter questions between a German-based Turkish sample (N = 233) and the Mexican-origin sample from the original study (N = 174) and could show partial strong factorial invariance for three of the four factors. In Study 2, a validation study, relations between the German MASI scores and measures of acculturation and stress indicated discriminant validity. This study contributes to research on measurement invariance of filter questions, thereby providing a measure of acculturative stress that can be used in future research to understand the etiology of health disparities in Turkish-origin immigrants in Germany. KW - German Multidimensional Acculturative Stress Inventory KW - Measurement invariance KW - Validation KW - Filter questions KW - Turkish-origin immigrants Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000567 SN - 2151-2426 VL - 36 IS - 5 SP - 889 EP - 900 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Radow, Georg A1 - Hoeltgen, Laurent A1 - Quéau, Yvain A1 - Breuß, Michael T1 - Optimisation of Classic Photometric Stereo by Non-convex Variational Minimisation T2 - Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision N2 - Estimating shape and appearance of a three-dimensional object from a given set of images is a classic research topic that is still actively pursued. Among the various techniques available, photometric stereo is distinguished by the assumption that the underlying input images are taken from the same point of view but under different lighting conditions. The most common techniques are conceptually close to the classic photometric stereo problem, meaning that the modelling encompasses a linearisation step and that the shape information is computed in terms of surface normals. In this work, instead of linearising we aim to stick to the original formulation of the photometric stereo problem, and we propose to minimise a much more natural objective function, namely the reprojection error in terms of depth. Minimising the resulting non-trivial variational model for photometric stereo allows to recover the depth of the photographed scene directly. As a solving strategy, we follow an approach based on a recently published optimisation scheme for non-convex and non-smooth cost functions. The main contributions of our paper are of theoretical nature. A technical novelty in our framework is the usage of matrix differential calculus. We supplement our approach by a detailed convergence analysis of the resulting optimisation algorithm and discuss possibilities to ease the computational complexity. At hand of an experimental evaluation we discuss important properties of the method. Overall, our strategy achieves more accurate results than other approaches that rely on the classic photometric stereo assumptions. The experiments also highlight some practical aspects of the underlying optimisation algorithm that may be of interest in a more general context. KW - Non-convex minimisation KW - Computer vision KW - Photometric stereo Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10851-018-0828-7 SN - 1573-7683 VL - 61 IS - 1 SP - 84 EP - 105 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sareen, Siddharth A1 - Thomson, Harriet A1 - Tirado-Herrero, Sergio A1 - Gouveia, João Pedro A1 - Lippert, Ingmar A1 - Lis, Aleksandra T1 - European energy poverty metrics: Scales, prospects and limits T2 - Global Transitions N2 - Energy poverty, a condition whereby people cannot secure adequate home energy services, is gaining prominence in public discourse and on political and policy agendas. As its measurement is operationalised, metrical developments are being socially shaped. A European Union mandate for biennial reporting on energy poverty presents an opportunity to institutionalise new metrics and thus privilege certain measurements as standards. While combining indicators at multiple scales is desirable to measure multi-dimensional aspects, it entails challenges such as database availability, coverage and limited disaggregated resolution. This article converges scholarship on metrics – which problematises the act of measurement – and on energy poverty – which apprehends socio-political and techno-economic particulars. Scholarship on metrics suggests that any basket of indicators risks silencing significant but hard to measure aspects, or unwarrantedly privileging others. State-of-the-art energy poverty scholarship calls for indicators that represent contextualised energy use issues, including energy access and quality, expenditure in relation to income, built environment related aspects and thermal comfort levels, while retaining simplicity and comparability for policy traction. We frame energy poverty metrology as the socially shaped measurement of a varied, multi-dimensional phenomenon within historically bureaucratic and publicly distant energy sectors, and assess the risks and opportunities that must be negotiated. To generate actionable knowledge, we propose an analytical framework with five dimensions of energy poverty metrology, and illustrate it using multi-scalar cases from three European countries. Dimensions include historical trajectories, data flattening, contextualised identification, new representation and policy uptake. We argue that the measurement of energy poverty must be informed by the politics of data and scale in order to institutionalise emerging metrics, while safeguarding against their co-optation for purposes other than the deep and rapid alleviation of energy poverty. This ‘dimensioned’ understanding of metrology can provide leverage to push for decisive action to address the structural underpinnings of domestic energy deprivation. KW - Energy poverty KW - Metrology KW - Data politics KW - Metrics KW - Energy policy Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.glt.2020.01.003 SN - 2589-7918 VL - 2 SP - 26 EP - 36 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lippert, Ingmar T1 - Studying Reconfigurations of Discourse: Tracing the Stability and Materiality of “Sustainability/Carbon” T2 - Zeitschrift für Diskursforschung N2 - The stability of a discourse is not given but produced. It is achieved in the configuration of the dispositif. The paper approaches dispositif as a practical ongoing assembling of semiotic and material entities. The article presents an assemblage of theories, methods and methodologies that allow tracing how heterogeneous entities are (re)(con)figured to achieve performing a discourse's stability. Using mundane office practices that configure the corporate sustainability/carbon discourse as an example, the article spells out how qualitative data analysis, grounded theory and Science and Technology Studies approaches can be interwoven to pursue a grounded and generalisable ethnographic study of discourse. KW - method assemblage KW - configuration KW - methodology KW - dispositif KW - discourse KW - qualitative data analysis KW - actor-network theory KW - sustainability Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?https://www.ssoar.info/ssoar/handle/document/52883 SN - 2195-867X VL - 2 IS - 1 SP - 32 EP - 54 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Somhorst, Joop A1 - Oevermann, Michael A1 - Bovo, Mirko A1 - Denbratt, Ingemar T1 - Evaluation of thermal barrier coatings and surface roughness in a single-cylinder light-duty diesel engine T2 - International Journal of Engine Research N2 - The effect of two thermal barrier coatings and their surface roughness on heat transfer, combustion, and emissions has been investigated in a single-cylinder light-duty diesel engine. The evaluated thermal barrier coating materials were plasma-sprayed yttria-stabilized zirconia and hard anodized aluminum, which were applied on the piston top surface. The main tool for the investigation was cylinder pressure analysis of the high-pressure cycle, from which the apparent rate of heat release, indicated efficiency, and heat losses were derived. For verification of the calculated wall heat transfer, the heat flow to the piston cooling oil was measured as well. Application of thermal barrier coatings can influence engine operating conditions like charge temperature and ignition delay. Therefore, extra attention was paid to choosing stable and repeatable engine operating points. The experimental data were modeled using multiple linear regression to isolate the effects of the coatings and of the surface roughness. The results from this study show that high surface roughness leads to increased wall heat losses and a delayed combustion. However, these effects are less pronounced at lower engine loads and in the presence of soot deposits. Both thermal barrier coatings show a reduction of cycle-averaged wall heat losses, but no improvement in indicated efficiency. The surface roughness and thermal barrier coatings had a significant impact on the hydrocarbon emissions, especially for low-load engine operation, while their effect on the other exhaust emissions was relatively small. KW - Engine KW - efficiency KW - emissions KW - Thermal barrier coating KW - TBC KW - surface roughness KW - MLR KW - regression KW - data model Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/1468087419875837 SN - 1468-0874 SN - 2041-3149 VL - 22(2021) SP - 890 EP - 910 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dorp, Dennis H. von A1 - Nyns, Laura A1 - Cuypers, Daniel A1 - Ivanov, Tsvetan A1 - Brizzi, Simone A1 - Tallarida, Massimo A1 - Fleischmann, Claudia A1 - Hönicke, Philipp A1 - Müller, Matthias A1 - Richard, Olivier A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - De Gendt, Stefan A1 - Lin, Dennis H. C. A1 - Adelmann, Christoph T1 - Amorphous Gadolinium Aluminate as a Dielectric and Sulfur for Indium Phosphide Passivation T2 - ACS Applied Electronic Materials N2 - The passivation of n-type InP (100) using sulfur in combination with a gadolinium aluminate (GAO) dielectric layer has been studied. Photoluminescence, minority-carrier lifetime, and capacitance−voltage measurements indicate that a (NH4)2S vapor passivation step prior to atomic layer deposition of the oxide effectively lowers the interface state density. Surface and interface chemistry were studied by synchrotron radiation photoemission spectroscopy (SRPES). The effect of ex situ surface passivation after native oxide removal in HCl solution was examined. It was observed that surface reoxidation occurred during (NH4)2S vapor exposure, leading to the formation of Inx(HPO4)y. S was present on the surface as a sulfide in both surface and subsurface sites. After atomic layer deposition of GAO, sulfates were detected in addition to Inx(HPO4)y, which was confirmed by near-edge X-ray absorptionfine structure analysis. The S in the stack was quantified using reference-free grazing incidence X-rayfluorescence analysis. X-ray absorption spectroscopy showed that Gd was oxidized and present in the 3+ oxidation state, most likely as a phosphate close to the InP interface and possibly mixed with sulfates. Energy-dependent SRPES measurements of Al 2p and Gd 4d core levels, complemented by transmission electron microscopy, further suggest that the dielectric layer was segregated. Valence band measurements confirm the effective passivation of InP, indicating unpinning of the surface Fermi level. KW - III−V KW - InP KW - sulfur passivation KW - atomic layer deposition KW - gadolinium aluminate KW - rare earth oxide KW - dielectric Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaelm.9b00388 SN - 2637-6113 VL - 1 IS - 11 SP - 2190 EP - 2201 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maity, Kuntal A1 - Garain, Samiran A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Mandal, Dipankar T1 - Self-Powered Human-Health Monitoring through Aligned PVDFNanofibers Interfaced Skin-Interactive Piezoelectric Sensor T2 - ACS Applied Polymer Materials N2 - Flexible and wearable e-skin sensors are attracting a great interest for their smart sensing applications in next-generation electronics. However, implant ability, sensitivity, and biosignal detection capability in a self-powered manner are the prime concerns in embedded devices. In particular, electrode compatibility and imperishability have become challenging issues in wearable sensors due to the poor compatibility and fragileness of metal electrodes. In this context, we report on a skin-interactive metal-free spongy electrode in a piezoelectric sensor where highly aligned poly(vinylidenefluoride) (PVDF) nanofibers (NFs) arrays are introduced as the piezoelectric active component and conducting polyaniline- (PANI-) coated PVDF (PANI−PVDF) NFs mats served as flexible electrodes. Notably, a 99% yield of piezoelectric phases of the aligned PVDF arrays is the key factor to exhibit promising mechano-sensitivity (0.8 V/kPa) performance that in turn helps in human-health monitoring. The sensor shows excellent mechanical to electrical energy conversion that enable to sense human finger touch (10 V under 10 kPa) with energy conversion efficiency of 53%. Most importantly, due to the compatible electrodes excellent mechanical stability has been found showing negligible degradation over 12,000 periodic cycles. Furthermore, under mechanical stimuli, it is also possible to charge up a capacitor (1μF) to 4 V within 60 s confirming the possibility to use the device as a self-powered piezo-organic-e-skin sensor (POESS). This type of structural design enables to trace elusive movement of muscles and the operation in several conditions such as bending, compression and stretching. We demonstrated various human gestures monitoring, such as wrist bending, neck stretching, and arm compressions, throat movements during drinking water, coughing actions, and swallowing. In addition, diverse specific phonation recognition, heart-pulse measurement and its respective short-time Fourier transform (STFT) analysis indicate an efficient and convenient way of monitoring human-health status particularly in hospital-free mode. KW - e-skin sensor KW - piezoelectric nanofibers KW - PVDF KW - flexible electrode KW - health-care monitoring KW - self-powered electronics Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.9b00846 SN - 2637-6105 VL - 2 IS - 2 SP - 862 EP - 878 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pabst, Falk A1 - Chang, Jen‐Hui A1 - Finzel, Kati A1 - Kohout, Miroslav A1 - Schmidt, Peer A1 - Ruck, Michael T1 - The Subbromide Bi5Br4 – On the Existence of a Hidden Phase T2 - Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie N2 - Black and irregularly shaped crystals of the bismuth‐rich bromide Bi5Br4 were obtained as a by‐product of the reaction of CsBr, Bi, and BiBr3. X‐ray diffraction on a single‐crystal revealed its orthorhombic structure with the space group Pmmn (no. 59) and lattice parameters a = 1800.0(2) pm, b = 1476.1(1) pm, and c = 924.5(2) pm at 296 K. The structure is composed of Bi82+ and Bi95+ polycations and bromidobismuthate(III) anions according to the structured formula Bi5Br4 = Bi20Br16 = Bi82+Bi95+[BiBr5]2–[Bi2Br11]5–. Bi5Br4 is the bismuth‐richest among the bismuth subhalides containing isolated polycations. Extensive differential scanning calorimetry studies indicate that Bi5Br4 decomposes at 262 °C, i.e. one degree below the bismuth‐rich eutectic at 263 °C. All attempts towards a rational synthesis yielded predominantly the neighboring phases BiBr and Bi6Br7. KW - Bromine KW - Bismuth KW - Cluster KW - Phase Diagrams KW - Polycations KW - Crystal structure Y1 - 2020 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/zaac.201800149 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.201800149 VL - 646 IS - 3 SP - 149 EP - 155 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Inga Anita A1 - Clausen, Caterina J. A1 - Schwarz, Daniel A1 - Zaumseil, Peter A1 - Capellini, Giovanni A1 - Virgilio, Michele A1 - Da Silva Figueira, Maria Cecilia A1 - Birner, Stefan A1 - Koelling, Sebastian A1 - Koenraad, Paul M. A1 - Huang, Michael R. S. A1 - Koch, Christoph T. A1 - Wendav, Torsten A1 - Busch, Kurt A1 - Schulze, Jörg T1 - Composition analysis and transition energies of ultrathin Sn-rich GeSn quantum wells T2 - Physical Review Materials Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevMaterials.4.024601 SN - 2475-9953 VL - 4 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mardi Kolur, Mohsen A1 - Antoshkiv, Oleksiy A1 - Berg, Heinz Peter T1 - Experimental analysis of the effect of nano-metals and novel organic additives on performance and emissions of a diesel engine T2 - Fuel Processing Technology N2 - The present study focuses on performance and emission characteristics of three emulsion fuels with different additives on a single cylinder CI engine. Each of these emulsified fuels is distinctively engineered to be an alternative fuel for diesel engines. The test fuels are diesel, biodiesel, an emulsion fuel with 86% biodiesel, 5% DEE, 3% Ethanol, 50 ppm CNT, 2% Water, 2% Tween 80 and 2% Span 80 (BD.CNT.DEE.E), an emulsion fuel with 86% biodiesel, 5% EHN, 3% Methanol, 50 ppm Al2O3, 2% Water, 2% Tween 80 and 2% Span 80 (BD.ALO.EHN.M) and an emulsion fuel with 86% biodiesel, 5% Glycerine, 3% Butanol, 50 ppm TiO2, 2% Water, 2% Tween 80 and 2% Span 80 (BD.TIO.GLC.B). Experimental results revealed that BD.CNT.DEE.E has significant improvement compared to diesel and biodiesel in every aspect of performance such as enhanced brake power and brake thermal efficiency by 8.1% and 4.5%, respectively along with the most BSFC reduction by 4%. It also shows exceptional reduction in all emissions compared to biodiesel by 26%, 7.5%, 9.2% and 36% in CO, UHC, NOx and smoke, respectively. BD.ALO.EHN.M also shows considerable improvement in performance including the highest brake thermal efficiency with 6% increment and decline in all emissions except UHC, compared to biodiesel. Finally, BD.TIO.GLC.B shows a slight drop in performance with 6.6% drop in brake thermal efficiency, but on the other hand it has the lowest smoke opacity by a plummet of 74.3%, 20% decline in CO and 10.7% reduction in NOx compared to biodiesel. Therefore, it can be deducted that the emulsion fuels with the proper additives including oxygenated fuels, nano metals, stabilizers, cetane improvers and mixture emulsifiers could ensure clean and renewable alternatives for diesel engines. KW - diesel engine KW - organic additives KW - emission reduction KW - emulsion fuel Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378382019311397 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2019.106166 SN - 0378-3820 VL - 196 SP - 1 EP - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kot, Małgorzata A1 - Vorokhta, Mykhailo A1 - Wang, Zhiping A1 - Snaith, Henry J. A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo T1 - Thermal stability of CH3NH3PbIxCl3-x versus [HC(NH2)2]0.83Cs0.17PbI2.7Br0.3 perovskite films by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy T2 - Applied Surface Science N2 - The thermal stability of CH3NH3PbIxCl3-x and [HC(NH2)2]0.83Cs0.17PbI2.7Br0.3 perovskite films was studied in-situ by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It was found that below 85 °C both of them are relatively stable. After annealing above 85 °C, we observe a clear perovskite surface decomposition, i.e., a release of organic cations and creation of “metallic lead”. The mixed cation lead mixed halide perovskite, however, decomposes at a much lower rate. For both perovskite films, the metallic to the total lead ratio changes with the same rate for the same annealing temperatures. The release of A-site cations from the ABX3 crystal structure of perovskite and/or creation of “metallic lead” causes also a small shift of the valence band maximum towards the Fermi level. The release of [HC(NH2)2]± or Cs± is not as significant as the release of CH3NH3±; therefore, it may explain why [HC(NH2)2]0.83Cs0.17PbI2.7Br0.3 solar cells are thermally more stable. Therefore, as the stability of CH3NH3PbIxCl3-x is same as the stability of [HC(NH2)2]0.83Cs0.17PbI2.7Br0.3 below 85 °C, there must be more severe degradation pathways that are currently underappreciated on the solar cell level. KW - Hybrid organic inorganic perovskite solar cells KW - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy KW - Film degradation KW - Thermal stability Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2020.145596 SN - 0169-4332 SN - 1873-5584 VL - 513 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Langner, Thomas A1 - Rietig, Anja A1 - Acker, Jörg T1 - Raman spectroscopic determination of the degree of dissociation of nitric acid in binary and ternary mixtures with HF and H2SiF6 T2 - Journal of Raman Spectroscopy N2 - The oxidizing effect of nitric acid in aqueous solutions depends on the concentration of undissociated nitric acid. This makes the concentration of undissociated nitric acid an essential parameter to monitor and control the quality of silicon etching in the industrial manufacturing of solar cells. In the present study, a method known already is extended in such a way that the degree of dissociation of nitric acid can be determined by Raman spectroscopy in HF/HNO3/H2SiF6 acid mixtures over a broad concentration range for the first time and without using an internal or external standard to compensate the typical time‐dependent drift of a Raman spectrometer. The method developed requires the calculation of a peak area ratio from the areas of the unimpeded Raman signals assigned to nitrate (νN − O) at 1,048 cm−1 and to undissociated HNO3 (νN − OH) at 957 cm−1. The correlation between the peak ratio and the degree of dissociation of nitric acid revealed can be described by a simple empirical equation. Using this equation, the degree of dissociation of nitric acid can be determined over a broad concentration range in binary and ternary mixtures of HNO3 with HF and H2SiF6. The impact of the acids HF and H2SiF6 and the total water content in the degree of dissociation of nitric acid is discussed. KW - Raman spectroscopy KW - nitric acid KW - dissociation KW - hexafluosilicic acid KW - hydrofluoric acid KW - silicon KW - etching Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/jrs.5769 VL - 51 IS - 2 SP - 366 EP - 372 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Laroussi, Arwa A1 - Kot, Małgorzata A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo A1 - Raouafi, Noureddine A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Self-assembled monolayers from symmetrical di-thiols: Preparation, characterization and application for the assembly of electrochemically active films T2 - Applied Surface Science N2 - 1,3-dimercaptopropan-2-ol, a symmetrical di-thiol, has been synthesized and applied as a new type of anchor molecule to prepare a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) on the gold surface. The formed monolayers were studied by cyclic voltammetry, impedance spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, kinetic capacitance, and contact angle measurements. The SAM structure depends on the adsorption conditions. A short incubation time of the electrode at high concentration of this di-thiol leads to the predominating binding through one thiol group of the adsorbate to the gold surface, while a long incubation at low concentration leads to the predominating binding by both thiol groups. A comparative study of the desorption and replacement of SAMs indicates a strong stability increase when the SAM molecules bond gold surface by two bonds mainly. This monolayer was used to immobilize electrochemically active p-benzoquinone moiety. The surface concentration of p-benzoquinone obtained from cyclic voltammetry is 2.5 ± 0.2 × 10−10 mol·cm−2 which corresponds to the functionalization of 65 ± 5% of SAM molecules. The obtained highly stable SAM with redox-active terminal group can be applied for different tasks of chemical sensing and biosensing. As an example, an application of this system for electrocatalytical oxidation of dihydronicotinamide adenosine dinucleotide (NADH) was tested. KW - self-assembled monolayer (SAM) KW - cyclic voltammetry KW - impedance spectroscopy KW - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) KW - kinetic capacitance KW - contact angle Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2020.145827 SN - 0169-4332 SN - 1873-5584 VL - 513 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Garcia de la Riva, Enrique A1 - Godoy, Oscar A1 - Castro‐Díez, Pilar A1 - Gutiérrez‐Cánovas, Cayetano A1 - Vilà, Montserrat T1 - Functional and phylogenetic consequences of plant invasion for coastal native communities T2 - Journal of Vegetation Science KW - alien species KW - functional richnes KW - functional structure KW - non‐native plants KW - phylogenetic diversity KW - seed mass KW - specific leaf area KW - specific root length Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/jvs.12748 SN - 1654-1103 SN - 1100-9233 VL - 30 IS - 3 SP - 510 EP - 520 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Garcia de la Riva, Enrique A1 - Prieto, Iván A1 - Villar, Rafael T1 - The leaf economic spectrum drives leaf litter decomposition in Mediterranean forests T2 - Plant and Soil N2 - BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Leaf litter decomposition is an important process controlling nutrient cycling in most terrestrial ecosystems. We evaluated the relationships among traits of green leaves and decomposition rates of leaf litter (k) at different environmental scales and organisational levels (species and community). We also assessed the relationships at community level between k and the Leaf Economic Spectrum (LES) and between k and different soil variables. METHODS: We measured leaf traits in 38 woody species distributed in nine sampling sites along a topographic gradient in southern Spain. Leaf litter was collected for each species in each sampling site and incubated in a microcosm experiment with soil collected from the top 20 cm of each site. RESULTS: We found positive relationships between k and specific leaf area (SLA), leaf N, K and P and negative relationships with leaf dry matter content (LDMC) and leaf C isotopic composition (δ¹³C), both at species and community levels. Decomposability was positively related with the first PCA axis describing the LES and the relationships were consistent across all sites and within different zones or topographic positions. In addition, community weighted mean values of leaf traits (LESCWM) were stronger predictors of litter decomposition than soil variables. CONCLUSIONS: A major finding of the present study is the main role that leaf traits, and the covariation among them (LES), play on decomposition process in Mediterranean ecosystems both at the species and community levels. In summary, our results support the idea that the suites of leaf traits have a strong control on the pace of C cycling, being the best drivers of decomposition processes under similar climatic conditions. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-018-3883-3 SN - 0032-079X VL - 435 IS - 1-2 SP - 353 EP - 366 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rodríguez-Calcerrada, Jesús A1 - Salomón, Roberto L. A1 - Gordaliza, Guillermo G. A1 - Miranda, José C. A1 - Garcia de la Riva, Enrique A1 - Gil, Luis T1 - Respiratory costs of producing and maintaining stem biomass in eight co-occurring tree species T2 - Tree Physiology Y1 - 2019 UR - https://academic.oup.com/treephys/article/39/11/1838/5519950 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpz069 SN - 1568-2544 VL - 39 IS - 11 SP - 1838 EP - 1854 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Garcia de la Riva, Enrique A1 - Villar, Rafael A1 - Pérez-Ramos, Ignacio Manuel A1 - Quero, José Luis A1 - Matías, Luis A1 - Poorte, Lourens A1 - Marañón, Teodoro T1 - Relationships between leaf mass per area and nutrient concentrations in 98 Mediterranean woody species are determined by phylogeny, habitat and leaf habit T2 - Trees : Structure and Function N2 - Leaf structural and nutrient traits are key attributes of plant ecological strategies, as these traits are related to resource-use strategies and plant growth. However, leaf structure and nutrient composition can vary among different habitats, leaf habits or phylogenetic groups. In this study, we measured 13 leaf traits (one structural—leaf mass per area, LMA—and 12 nutrient traits) in 98 Mediterranean woody species growing over a wide range of environmental conditions, with the final aim of discerning the main causes of leaf trait variability. The variance decomposition results show that phylogeny, leaf habit and habitat type affected in several ways the structural and nutrient traits studied. Leaf nutrient concentrations are strongly positively correlated amongst themselves, and negatively correlated with LMA, in accordance with the “leaf economics spectrum”. We found that leaf habit and phylogeny were important causes of variation in LMA and in a broad number of leaf nutrients (i.e., C, N, Mg, S, K), while other micronutrients seemed to be more dependent on the environment (i.e., Cu and Mn). In summary, our study reinforces the existence of the leaf economics spectrum in a broad pool of Mediterranean woody species, and demonstrates the strong influence of phylogeny, leaf habit and environmental context as the main drivers of variability in some leaf structural and nutrient traits. KW - Functional traits Leaf economics spectrum Nitrogen Phosphorus Phylogenetic independent contrast (PIC) Stoichiometry KW - Leaf economics spectrum KW - Nitrogen KW - Phosphorus KW - Phylogenetic independent contrast (PIC) KW - Stoichiometry Y1 - 2018 UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10261/158175 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-017-1646-z SN - 1432-2285 VL - 32 IS - 2 SP - 497 EP - 510 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Garcia de la Riva, Enrique A1 - Marañón, Teodoro A1 - Pérez-Ramos, Ignacio Manuel A1 - Navarro-Fernández, Carmen M. A1 - Olmo, Manuel A1 - Villar, Rafael T1 - Root traits across environmental gradients in Mediterraneanwoody communities: are they aligned along the root economicsspectrum? T2 - Plant and Soil N2 - Background and aimsRoot traits play a critical role inplant resource-use strategies and ecosystem functioning,but there is great controversy regarding their identityand functionality in different dimensions of below-ground functional variation. Here, we explored the levelof covariation among a suite of key root traits (i.e.specific root length, root dry matter content, diameterand density) as well as between them and two above-ground traits related with plant function (leaf nutrientconcentration and specific leaf area). We also evaluatedwhether these patterns of trait covariation were consis-tent at different spatial scales and organisational levels.MethodsWe collected fine root (< 2 mm) samples of 534individuals (of 80 woody species) along a wide regionalrange of environmental conditions in southern Spain. KW - Growth rate KW - LMA KW - Nutrients KW - Root diameter KW - Root tissue density KW - SLA KW - Specific root length KW - Water availability Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-017-3433-4 SN - 0032-079X IS - 424 SP - 35 EP - 48 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Loebjinski, Maria A1 - Rug, Wolfgang A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut T1 - The Influence of Improved Strength Grading In Situ on Modelling Timber Strength Properties T2 - Buildings : open access journal Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings10020030 SN - 2075-5309 VL - 10 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Garcia de la Riva, Enrique A1 - Violle, Cyrille A1 - Pérez-Ramos, Ignacio Manuel A1 - Marañón, Teodoro A1 - Navarro-Fernández, Carmen M. A1 - Olmo, Manuel A1 - Villar, Rafael T1 - A Multidimensional Functional Trait Approach Reveals the Imprint of Environmental Stress in Mediterranean Woody Communities T2 - Ecosystems KW - aridity KW - dry shrubland KW - functionaldiversity KW - functional structure KW - hypervolume KW - planttraits Y1 - 2018 UR - https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10021-017-0147-7.pdf U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-017-0147-7 SN - 1435-0629 SN - 1432-9840 VL - 21 IS - 2 SP - 248 EP - 262 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Garcia de la Riva, Enrique A1 - Arenas, Maribel A1 - Villar, Rafael A1 - Garcia-Oliva, Felipe A1 - Oyama, Ken T1 - El papel de la evapotranspiración en la distribución funcional foliar de 28 especies del género Quercus de España y México T2 - Ecosistemas N2 - El género Quercus constituye el grupo de especies leñosas más importante del hemisferio norte, con una amplia distribución tanto en España como en México. El estudio de sus rasgos funcionales nos permite conocer su grado de diversificación y su adaptación al medio, así como las limitaciones morfológicas y fisiológicas que restringen su evolución. El principal objetivo del presente estudio es comprender como se segregan los rasgos funcionales foliares dentro del género Quercus, y que factores determinan dicha segregación. Para ello hemos medido cinco rasgos foliares en un total de 28 especies del generó Quercus de España y México a lo largo de un gradiente de evapotranspiración potencial. Nuestros resultados muestran dos dimensiones independientes de variación funcional foliar: por un lado, las especies se distribuyen de acuerdo con el espectro de economía foliar a lo largo del gradiente de humedad edáfica, encontrándose las especies más conservativas en el uso de recursos en regiones con mayor evapotranspiración potencial y las especies más adquisitivas en zonas con menor evapotranspiración. Por otro lado, el tamaño foliar esta principalmente condicionado por el origen geográfico de las especies. Estos resultados sugieren que las variaciones evolutivas dentro de un mismo linaje están asociadas a la variación coordinada de sus rasgos, siendo la humedad un factor clave en la variación funcional del género Quercus. Además, destacar que no se aprecia relación entre la longevidad foliar y el espectro de economía foliar, lo cual podría deberse a que la historia evolutiva del hábito foliar en los robles de ambos países ha sido diferente. KW - área específica foliar KW - rasgos funcionales KW - robles KW - espectro de economía foliar Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.revistaecosistemas.net/index.php/ecosistemas/article/view/1803 SN - 1697-2473 VL - 28 IS - 3 SP - 199 EP - 207 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Blutner, Reinhard A1 - Beim Graben, Peter T1 - Gauge models of musical forces T2 - Journal of Mathematics and Music N2 - Metaphors involving motion and forces are a source of inspiration for understanding tonal music and tonal harmonies since ancient times. Starting with the rise of quantum cognition, the modern interactional conception of forces as developed in gauge theory has recently entered the field of theoretical musicology. We develop a gauge model of tonal attraction based on SU(2) symmetry. This model comprises two earlier attempts, the phase model grounded on U(1) gauge symmetry, and the spatial deformation model derived from SO(2) gauge symmetry. In the neutral, force-free case both submodels agree and generate the same predictions as a simple qubit approach. However, there are several differences in the force-driven case. It is claimed that the deformation model gives a proper description of static tonal attraction. The full model combines the deformation model with the phase model through SU(2) gauge symmetry and unifies static and dynamic tonal attraction. KW - Music psychology KW - tonal attraction KW - mathematics KW - gauge theory Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/17459737.2020.1716404 SN - 1745-9745 VL - 15 IS - 1 SP - 17 EP - 36 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jenihhin, Maksim A1 - Hamdioui, Said A1 - Sonza-Reorda, Matteo A1 - Krstic, Milos A1 - Langendörfer, Peter A1 - Sauer, Christian A1 - Klotz, Anton A1 - Hübner, Michael A1 - Nolte, Jörg A1 - Vierhaus, Heinrich Theodor A1 - Selimis, Georgions A1 - Alexandrescu, Dan A1 - Taouil, Mottaqiallah A1 - Schrijen, Geert-Jan A1 - Sterpone, Luca A1 - Squillero, Giovanni A1 - Dyka, Zoya A1 - Raik, Jaan T1 - RESCUE: Interdependent Challenges of Reliability, Security and Quality in Nanoelectronic Systems T2 - ArXiv.org Y1 - 2019 UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/1912.01561 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Martin, Ivo A1 - Hartwig, Lennard A1 - Bestle, Dieter T1 - A multi-objective optimization framework for robust axial compressor airfoil design T2 - Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00158-018-2164-3 SN - 1615-1488 SN - 1615-147X VL - 59 IS - 6 SP - 1935 EP - 1947 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kuslits, Márton A1 - Bestle, Dieter T1 - Modeling and Control of a New Differential Steering Concep T2 - Vehicle System Dynamics Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/00423114.2018.1473616 SN - 1744-5159 SN - 0042-3114 VL - 57 IS - 4 SP - 520 EP - 542 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Claus, Sylvia T1 - Michael Alder (1940 – 2000). Eine Würdigung T2 - Architektur aktuell Y1 - 2000 SN - 1435-9367 IS - 245 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Claus, Sylvia T1 - Architektur im historischen Wandel. Breslau entdeckt das Werk Hans Poelzigs T2 - Neue Zürcher Zeitung Y1 - 2000 IS - 13. Dezember 2000 SP - S. 61 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Claus, Sylvia T1 - Fundstücke der Hauptstadt. Das Haus der Brüder Luckhardt für den Fabrikanten Eugen Buchthal T2 - Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung Y1 - 1999 IS - Nr. 206, 6. September 1999 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoeltgen, Laurent A1 - Kleefeld, Andreas A1 - Harries, Isaac A1 - Breuß, Michael T1 - Theoretical foundation of the weighted laplace inpainting problem T2 - Journal of Applications of Mathematics N2 - Laplace interpolation is a popular approach in image inpainting using partial differential equations. The classic approach considers the Laplace equation with mixed boundary conditions. Recently a more general formulation has been proposed, where the differential operator consists of a point-wise convex combination of the Laplacian and the known image data. We provide the first detailed analysis on existence and uniqueness of solutions for the arising mixed boundary value problem. Our approach considers the corresponding weak formulation and aims at using the Theorem of Lax-Milgram to assert the existence of a solution. To this end we have to resort to weighted Sobolev spaces. Our analysis shows that solutions do not exist unconditionally. The weights need some regularity and must fulfil certain growth conditions. The results from this work complement findings which were previously only available for a discrete setup. KW - image inpainting KW - image reconstruction KW - Laplace equation KW - Laplace interpolation KW - mixed boundary condition KW - partial differential equation KW - weighted Sobolev space Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.21136/AM.2019.0206-18 SN - 1572-9109 SN - 0862-7940 VL - 64 IS - 3 SP - 281 EP - 300 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoffmann, Christin A1 - Thommes, Kirsten T1 - Using loss aversion to incentivize energy efficiency in a principal–agent context—Evidence from a field experiment T2 - Economics Letters N2 - Promoting energy-efficient behavior of agents in a principal–agent context simultaneously decreases costs for firms and mitigates CO2 emissions. Along this line, we analyze the effect of incentive framing on energy-efficient driving behavior. Our results contribute to the understanding of the drawbacks of loss framing. In a situation with persistent labor market relations, an extremely low bonus, and heterogeneous prior performance, the introduction of a bonus framed as a gain outperforms that of a bonus framed as a loss. KW - Energy-efficient behavior KW - Loss aversion KW - Field experiment Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165176520300264 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2020.108984 VL - Volume 189 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stypula, Diana A1 - Herzberg, Simone T1 - Zur Zukunft Europas- aus Sicht der deutsch-polnischen Grenzregion T2 - Landes- und Kommunalverwaltung : LKV ; Verwaltungsrechts-Zeitschrift für die Länder Berlin, Brandenburg, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt und Thüringen Y1 - 2019 SN - 0939-0014 IS - 9 SP - S. 405 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lohmann, Hagen T1 - Europa kontrovers - #diesmal wähle ich - Wahlen zum Europäischen Parlament T2 - Landes- und Kommunalverwaltung : LKV ; Verwaltungsrechts-Zeitschrift für die Länder Berlin, Brandenburg, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt und Thüringen Y1 - 2019 SN - 0939-0014 IS - 7 SP - S. 312 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bürger, Patrick A1 - Riebel, Ulrich T1 - Electrostatic charging and precipitation of nanoparticles in technical nitrogen: Highly efficient diffusion charging by hot free electrons T2 - Journal of Aerosol Science N2 - Electrostatic charging and deposition of a liquid nano-aerosol was studied in dry air and in technical (3.6 % O2) nitrogen. The experiments have shown that electronic charging of aerosols can be important in technical scale electrostatic precipitators (ESPs). Already at operation voltages just slightly above the corona onset voltage, the contribution of the free electrons to the overall current is estimated to be around 50 %. Due to the high temperature of free electrons, diffusion charging by free electrons allows to reach exceptionally high particle charge and extremely high precipitation efficiency. A strongly simplified theoretical model was developed, which gives a good prediction of particle charge based on averaged values of particle diameter, current density, electric field strength, electron temperature and residence time. The ion mobilities were determined by fitting the current-voltage characteristics with a modified Townsend (Monrolin et al. 2018) equation and are significantly higher than the values typically used to describe diffusion charging in air. This may be ascribed to the very dry gas phase and the short average lifespan of the ions under ESP conditions, which is in the order of 1 ms. From the practical point of view, electronic charging might be relevant in a number of technical applications, including high temperature ESPs, ESP applications in dry and oxygen-free gases and pulsed corona systems. KW - electrostatic precipitation KW - corona discharge KW - free electrons KW - electron temperature KW - ion mobility KW - diffusion charging Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2019.105495 SN - 1879-1964 SN - 0021-8502 IS - 141 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Friesen, Hans T1 - Weltrepublik und Weltethos als Ordnungsrahmen für Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft - Eine Herausforderung des 21. Jahrhunderts für alle Einzelnationen auf der Erde T2 - Aufklärung und Kritik Y1 - 2020 SN - 0945-6627 VL - 27 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wargulski, Dan A1 - Nowak, Torsten A1 - Thiele, Magnus A1 - Dobbelstein, Henrick A1 - Schacht, Ralph A1 - Abo Ras, Mohamad T1 - Quality management of laser cladding processes for additive manufacturing by new methods of visualization and evaluation of thermographic data T2 - Quantitative InfraRed Thermography Journal N2 - Additive manufacturing by laser cladding is a promising tool for rapid prototyping, buildup of bionic structures and replacement part production. To ensure a constant quality of manufactured components and to shorten the development process between CAD model and suitable produced components a quality management system is inevitable. Therefore, a system has been developed to evaluate the cladding process by means of thermographic measurements. Melt pool temperature measurements by a thermal imaging camera has been processed to 2- and 3-dimensional temperature maps of the manufactured component, like a tomographic image, to easily reveal weak spots in the process and the component itself. The quality management system was tested and evaluated on several laser-cladding processes with various failures. KW - additive manufacturing KW - laser cladding KW - laser metal deposition KW - thermography KW - quality assessment Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/17686733.2019.1592392 SN - 2116-7176 VL - 17 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Groß, Steffen T1 - On the Regulation of the International Exchange of Cultural Property T2 - ORDO : Jahrbuch für die Ordnung von Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft N2 - With its foundation in 1945, UNESCO declared as its main purpose the promotion of international cultural exchange1. A number of legal instruments (Conventions, Recommendations and Declarations) should duly help to substantiate that general purpose and make it work in practice. In this process, the regulation of the international exchange of cultural property plays a key role. However, the proper regulation of cultural property exchange has been a highly controversial issue. This paper focus on UNESCO's guiding ideas and conceptions of cultural property, international exchange and regulation. The central question is: Are the regulations codified in UNESCO’s Conventions and Recommendations helpful in encouraging international cultural exchange or are we faced, due to the neglect of private agents and the roles they play in cultural exchange, with some sort of one-sided regulation running counter to that aim? The author argues that UNESCO's legal instruments are driven by and express a strong anti-private and anti-market bias, which produce problematic economic incentives in the art and antiquities world to the disadvantage of the international exchange of cultural property. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.degruyter.com/view/journals/ordo/70/1/article-p166.xml?tab_body=pdf-69320 SN - 0048-2129 VL - 70 IS - 1 SP - 166 EP - 187 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kunath, Martin A1 - Winkler, Herwig T1 - Interaktionsorientierte Organisationsgestaltung T2 - Zeitschrift für wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb (ZWF) Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.hanser-elibrary.com/doi/10.3139/104.112247 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3139/104.112247 SN - 0947-0085 VL - 115 IS - 3 SP - 115 EP - 118 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Fischer, Saskia M. T1 - Interventionsstrategien und Interventionserfolg von Lehrkräften bei Cybermobbing und traditionellem Mobbing aus Schülersicht T2 - Kindheit und Entwicklung N2 - In dieser Studie wird der Frage nachgegangen, ob Lehrkräfte auf unterschiedliche Mobbingarten unterschiedlich reagieren. Dazu werden Angaben von 1.996 Schülerinnen und Schülern aus Sachsen zu tatsächlich stattgefundenen Mobbingsituationen ausgewertet. Sie schätzten neben der dominierenden Mobbingform in der Situation die Reaktion ihrer Lehrkräfte auf die Situation, die gewählte Interventionsstrategie und den Interventionserfolg ein. Am häufigsten werden Fälle verbalen Mobbings berichtet, Cybermobbingfälle hingegen vergleichsweise selten. Die Jugendlichen berichten, dass die meisten Lehrkräfte in den Mobbingsituationen intervenieren, vor allem wenn es sich um Cybermobbing handelt. Aus ihrer Sicht sind Lehrkräfte besonders erfolgreich darin, Cybermobbing zu beenden. Unterstützend-kooperierenden Interventionsstrategien wird von den Schülerinnen und Schülern ein höherer Interventionserfolg bescheinigt als autoritär-strafenden und unterstützend-individuellen Strategien. KW - Mobbing KW - Cybermobbing KW - traditionelles Mobbing KW - Lehrkräfte KW - Interventionserfolg Y1 - 2020 UR - https://econtent.hogrefe.com/doi/abs/10.1026/0942-5403/a000306 SN - 0942-5403 VL - 29 IS - 2 SP - 84 EP - 91 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Brusch, Ines A1 - Rappel, Nina T1 - Exploring the Acceptance of Instant Shopping – An Empirical Analysis of the Determinants of User Intention T2 - Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2019.101936 SN - 0969-6989 VL - 54 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Brusch, Ines A1 - Brusch, Michael T1 - Influence of Privacy and Communication Factors on Online Behavior T2 - International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1108/IJQSS-06-2019-0080 SN - 1756-669X SN - 1756-6703 VL - 12 IS - 1 SP - 73 EP - 84 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ludwig, Angelique A1 - Doyle, Ina-Merle A1 - Löffler, Antje A1 - Breckenkamp, Jürgen A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Razum, Oliver A1 - Miani, Celine T1 - The impact of psychosocial factors on breastfeeding duration in the BaBi-Study. Analysis of a birth cohort study in Germany T2 - Midwifery N2 - Breastfeeding is beneficial for both mother and child. A breastfed child can benefit from improved mental developments, protection against infectious diseases and infectious disease mortality, and a decreased risk of overweight and obesity (Whalen and Cramton 2010)(Regional Office for Europe (World Health Organisation) 2019). Furthermore, there is evidence on protection against type 1 and 2 diabetes, allergic rhinitis, asthma or wheezing, atopic dermatitis, childhood leukemia, hypercholesterolemia later in life, sudden infant death syndrome (Whalen and Cramton 2010) and malocclusion (Victora et al. 2016). Breastfeeding women have a lower risk of breast and ovarian cancer, postpartum depression, and type 2 diabetes. They can, furthermore, benefit from prolonged lactational amenorrhea (Victora et al. 2016), improved postpartum sleep (Whalen and Cramton 2010) and postpartum weight loss (Kramer and Kakuma 2012). KW - psychosocial factors KW - breastfeeding duration KW - birth KW - cohort study Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2020.102688 SN - 1532-3099 SN - 0266-6138 VL - 86 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schob, Daniela A1 - Roszak, Robert A1 - Sagradov, Ilja A1 - Sparr, Holger A1 - Kupsch, Andreas A1 - Leonard, Fabien A1 - Müller, Bernd R. A1 - Bruno, Giovanni T1 - Experimental and numerical simulation of material and damage behaviour of 3d printed polyamide 12 under quasi-static-loading T2 - Archives of Mechanics N2 - In order to characterise the material and damage behaviour of additively manufactured polyamide 12 (PA12) under quasi-static load and to implement it in a numerical model, experiments under quasi-static load as well as microstructural investigations were carried out. Selective laser sintering (SLS) was used as the manufacturing process. For the classification of the material behaviour, quasi-static cyclic tests with holding times as well as tensile tests were performed. X-ray refraction and computed tomography (CT) were used to investigate the damage behaviour. The Chaboche model, which has already been applied for metallic materials under thermomechanical loading, served as the basis for the selection of the numerical material model. The same procedure was used for the selection of the damage model, where the Gurson–Tvergaard–Needleman (GTN) model was chosen, which was already used for porous metallic materials. The Chaboche model shows very good agreement with experimental results. Furthermore, the coupling with the GTN model allows a very good modelling of the damage behaviour. Finally, it could be shown that the selected models are suitable to simulate the material and damage behaviour of 3D printed PA12. KW - Polyamide 12 KW - 3D printing KW - Viscoplastic KW - Chaboche model KW - Damage KW - GTN model KW - X-ray refraction KW - Computed tomography Y1 - 2019 UR - https://am.ippt.pan.pl/am/article/viewFile/v71p507/pdf U6 - https://doi.org/10.24423/aom.3162 SN - 0373-2029 VL - 71 IS - 4-5 SP - 507 EP - 526 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sparr, Holger A1 - Roszak, Robert A1 - Sagradov, Ilja A1 - Schob, Daniela A1 - Ziegenhorn, Matthias T1 - Thermo-viscoplastic material modelling for self-heating loads and its experimental verification T2 - Technische Mechanik N2 - The paper examines a modelling approach for thermomechanically coupled problems and an experimental concept for a material law validation and verification for self-heating with small to moderate temperature ranges. The study compares two different model formulations and is generally applicable to a variety of material classes. One model is based on a rheological network with an extension for dissipative deformation below the elastic limit. The other model operates without a yield condition. Both models are applied to published experimental data in terms of rate-independent behaviour and the evaluation is carried out on stress-strain-level, temperature evolution and the energy transformation ratio. Furthermore the two models are applied to a strain rate-dependent load case conducted at our institute discussing the same entities. It is pointed out, that the approach of a thermomechanical analysis is valuable and informative to assess the observed deformation processes and to describe the material behaviour with a thermodynamically valid parameter set. KW - Thermomechanics KW - self–heating KW - viscoplasticity KW - energy transformation ratio KW - thermography Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.24352/UB.OVGU-2020-015 SN - 2199-9244 SN - 0232-3869 VL - 40 IS - 1 SP - 66 EP - 76 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schob, Daniela A1 - Sagradov, Ilja A1 - Roszak, Robert A1 - Sparr, Holger A1 - Franke, Rainer A1 - Ziegenhorn, Matthias A1 - Kupsch, Andreas A1 - Leonard, Fabien A1 - Müller, Bernd R. A1 - Bruno, Giovanni T1 - Experimental determination and numerical simulation of material and damage behaviour of 3d printed polyamide 12 under cyclic loading T2 - Engineering Fracture Mechanics N2 - The material and damage behaviour of additively manufactured polyamide 12 under cyclic loading was characterized by cyclic tests and microstructure analysis by using microscopy, X-ray refraction, and computed tomography. The results were used to determine parameters for the viscoplastic material model by Chaboche and a damage model by Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman. The temperature was monitored during the experiments and the self-heating effect was observed. By including this effect, a higher accuracy could be achieved with the results of mechanical experiments. KW - 3D printing Polyamide 12 KW - Chaboche model KW - GTN model KW - Material and damage behaviour KW - X-ray refraction KW - computed tomography Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2019.106841 SN - 0013-7944 VL - 229 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Boldt, Regine A1 - Leuteritz, Andreas A1 - Schob, Daniela A1 - Ziegenhorn, Matthias A1 - Wagenknecht, Udo T1 - Barrier Properties of GnP–PA-Extruded Films T2 - Polymers N2 - It is generally known that significant improvements in the properties of nanocomposites can be achieved with graphene types currently commercially available. However, so far this is only possible on a laboratory scale. Thus, the aim of this study was to transfer results from laboratory scale experiments to industrial processes. Therefore, nanocomposites based on polyamide (PA) and graphene nanoplatelets (GnP) were prepared in order to produce membranes with improved gas barrier properties, which are characterized by reduced permeation rates of helium. First, nanocomposites were prepared with different amounts of commercial availably graphene nanoplatelets using a semi-industrial-scale compounder. Subsequently, films were produced by compression molding at different temperatures, as well as by flat film extrusion. The extruded films were annealed at different temperatures and durations. In order to investigate the effect of thermal treatment on barrier properties in correlation to thermal, structural, and morphological properties, the films were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), wide angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), optical microscopy (OM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), melt rheology measurements, and permeation measurements. In addition to structural characterization, mechanical properties were investigated. The results demonstrate that the permeation rate is strongly influenced by the processing conditions and the filler content. If the filler content is increased, the permeation rate is reduced. The annealing process can further enhance this effect. KW - graphene nanoplatelets KW - polyamide KW - nanocomposites KW - flat film extrusion KW - permeation rate Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12030669 SN - 2073-4360 VL - 12 IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bühler, Daniel T1 - New Aesthetics and Long-Standing Notions of Truthful Representation: On Post-Photographic Cell Phone Images and Hito Steyerl’s Documentary Work T2 - After Post-Photography. International Journal of Cultural Research N2 - This paper examines two claims made by media artist and philosopher Hito Steyerl. First, in relation to a CNN cell phone live broadcast, Steyerl describes a new form of documentary. She calls it abstract documentarism. Second, Steyerl argues that documentary images do not simply represent reality. Documentary images produce reality. For that reason, they should present what could be in a better future. The author supports Steyerl’s claims and considers them from a slightly different angle. He does so by introducing a thesis of media scholar Volker Wortmann. Wortmann argues that truthful representations are cultural patterns of action. They are related to notions or models that are historically consistent. What changes historically are the forms and aesthetics through which these models are realized. The author suggests that abstract documentarism is a new realization of two long-standing models of truthful representation. Furthermore, he argues that Steyerl’s documentary work is a new realization of another long-standing model, the model of the constant doubt. KW - abstract documentarism KW - cell phone KW - Hito Steyerl KW - media aesthetics KW - post-photographic KW - representation Y1 - 2019 SN - 2079-1100 VL - 37 IS - 4 SP - 27 EP - 36 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Boehn, Bernhard von A1 - Penschke, Christopher A1 - Li, Xiaoke A1 - Paier, Joachim A1 - Sauer, Joachim A1 - Krisponeit, Jon-Olaf A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo A1 - Falta, Jens A1 - Marchetto, Helder A1 - Franz, Torsten A1 - Lilienkamp, Gerhard A1 - Imbihl, Ronald T1 - Reaction dynamics of metal/oxide catalysts: Methanol oxidation at vanadium oxide films on Rh(111) from UHV to 10-2 mbar T2 - Journal of Catalysis N2 - Recent advances in in situ microscopy allow to follow the reaction dynamics during a catalytic surface reaction from ultra-high vacuum to 0.1 mbar, thus bridging a large part of the pressure gap. Submonolayer vanadium oxide films on Rh(111) have been studied during catalytic methanol oxidation in situ with spatially resolving imaging techniques. At 10-6 to 10-4 mbar VOx condenses into macroscopic circular islands that exhibit a substructure, consisting of a reduced island core and an oxidized outer ring. This substructure arises due to an oxygen gradient inside the VOx islands, which results in different coexisting 2D-phases of VOx on Rh(111). This substructure is also responsible for a "breathing-like" oscillatory expansion and contraction that the islands undergo under stationary conditions. Using density functional theory, the 2D-phase diagram of VOx on Rh(111) has been computed. The oscillatory behavior can be understood as a periodic phase transition between two 2D phases of VOx. With a newly developed near ambient pressure – low-energy electron microscope, it was shown that VOx islands disintegrate at 10-2 mbar, resulting in turbulent dynamics. KW - Vanadium oxide KW - Methanol oxidation KW - Inverse catalyst KW - Restructuring KW - Near ambient pressure low-energy electron microscope KW - Heterogeneous catalysis KW - Pressure gap Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcat.2020.03.016 SN - 0021-9517 SN - 1090-2694 VL - 385 SP - 255 EP - 264 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wanner, Manfred A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Puppe, Daniel A1 - Shimano, Satoshi D. A1 - Shimizu, Miki T1 - Tolerance of testate amoeba species to rising sea levels under laboratory conditions and in the South Pacific T2 - Pedobiologia Y1 - 2020 SN - 0031-4056 VL - 79 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Tingyi A1 - Moreau, Danielle J. A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Fischer, Jeoffrey A1 - Doolan, Con T1 - Dataset on tip vortex formation noise produced by wall-mounted finite airfoils with sinusoidal and porous tip geometries T2 - Data in Brief Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2020.105471 SN - 2352-3409 VL - 30 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shvetz, Vasily A1 - Palekhova, Ludmila A1 - Palekhov, Dmitry A1 - Simon, Sylvio T1 - Energy efficiency criteria as a focus for market-driven strategies of large companies in transition economies T1 - Критерии энергоэффективности как основа для разработки рыночных стратегий крупных компаний в странах с переходной экономикой T2 - Journal Scientific Bulletin of National Mining University N2 - The purpose of the presented research is to reveal the critical importance of energy efficiency indicators for large industrial companies from countries with economies in transition for increasing their competitiveness in local and global markets. KW - energy efficiency KW - global value chains KW - market strategies KW - sustainable development KW - transition economy Y1 - 2018 SN - 2071-2227 SN - 2223-2362 IS - 6 SP - 157 EP - 164 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wandschneider, Lisa A1 - Sauzet, Odile A1 - Breckenkamp, Jürgen A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Razum, Oliver T1 - Small-Area Factors and Their Impact on Low Birth Weight—Results of a Birth Cohort Study in Bielefeld, Germany T2 - Frontiers in Public Health N2 - Introduction: The location of residence is a factor possibly contributing to social inequalities and emerging evidence indicates that it already affects perinatal development. The underlying pathways remain unknown; theory-based and hypothesis-driven analyses are lacking. To address these challenges, we aim to establish to what extent small-area characteristics contribute to low birth weight (LBW), independently of individual characteristics. First, we select small-area characteristics based on a conceptual model and measure them. Then, we empirically analyse the impact of these characteristics on LBW. Material and methods: Individual data were provided by the birth cohort study “Health of infants and children in Bielefeld/Germany.” The sample consists of 892 eligible women and their infants distributed over 80 statistical districts in Bielefeld. Small-area data were obtained from local noise maps, emission inventory, Google Street View and civil registries. A linear multilevel analysis with a two-level structure (individuals nested within statistical districts) was conducted. Results: The effects of the selected small-area characteristics on LBW are small to non-existent, no significant effects are detected. The differences in proportion of LBW based on marginal effects are small, ranging from zero to 1.1%. Newborns from less aesthetic and subjectively perceived unsafe neighbourhoods tend to have higher proportions of LBW. Discussion: We could not find evidence for negative effects of small-area factors on LBW, but our study confirms that obtaining adequate sample size, reliable measure of exposure and using available data for operationalisation of the small-area context represent the core challenges in this field of research. KW - low birth weight KW - small-area analysis KW - multilevel analysis KW - virtual audit KW - noise pollution KW - fine particulate matter KW - socioeconomic deprivation KW - cohort study Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.00136 SN - 2296-2565 VL - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rueda-Escobedo, Juan G. A1 - Ushirobira, Rosane A1 - Efimov, Denis A1 - Moreno, Jaime A. T1 - Gramian-based uniform convergent observer for stable LTV systems with delayed measurements T2 - International Journal of Control Volume N2 - In this work, an observer for a linear time-varying system with delayed measurements is developed. The delay is assumed to be unknown, bounded, and it can be time-varying with no restriction on its rate of change. The observer uses auxiliary signals related to the constructibility Gramian of the system and it contains nonlinearities that provide a uniform fixed-time convergence to a bounded region in the estimation error coordinates. This means that the convergence time can be bounded by a positive constant which is independent from the initial conditions and the initial time. This property is new for the addressed class of systems. The ultimate bound of the estimation error depends on the maximum difference between the nominal output and the delayed one, and not directly on the delay size or its time derivative. These properties are illustrated in a numerical simulation. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/00207179.2019.1569256 SN - 0020-7179 SN - 1366-5820 VL - 93 IS - 2 SP - 226 EP - 237 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Beisegel, Jesse A1 - Denkert, Carolin A1 - Köhler, Ekkehard A1 - Krnc, Matjaž A1 - Pivač, Nevena A1 - Scheffler, Robert A1 - Strehler, Martin T1 - On the End-Vertex Problem of Graph Searches T2 - Discrete Mathematics & Theoretical Computer Science Y1 - 2019 SN - 1365-8050 SN - 1462-7264 VL - 21 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dósa, György A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin A1 - Tan, Zhiyi A1 - Tuza, Zsolt A1 - Węsek, Krzysztof T1 - Tight lower bounds for semi-online scheduling on two uniform machines with known optimum T2 - Central European Journal of Operations Research Y1 - 2019 SN - 1613-9178 SN - 1435-246X VL - 27 SP - 1107 EP - 1130 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Korolov, Ihor A1 - Leimkühler, Marc A1 - Boeke, Marc A1 - Donkó, Zoltan A1 - Schulz-von der Gathen, Volker A1 - Bischoff, Lena A1 - Hübner, Gerrit A1 - Hartmann, Peter A1 - Gans, Timo A1 - Liu, Yue A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas A1 - Schulze, Julian T1 - Helium metastable species generation in atmospheric pressure RF plasma jets driven by tailored voltage waveforms in mixtures of He and N 2 T2 - Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/ab6d97 SN - 1361-6463 VL - 53 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schnellenbach, Jan A1 - Schwuchow, Sören C. T1 - Die Nationale Industriestrategie 2030: Eine kritische Diskussion T2 - ORDO : Jahrbuch für die Ordnung von Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft N2 - Wir analysieren die Nationale Industriestrategie 2030, die im Februar 2019 vom Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie veröffentlicht wurde. Bei dieser Strategie handelt es sich um einen Versuch, vertikale Industriepolitik in Deutschland zu stärken. Wir argumentieren, dass die theoretische und empirische Rechtfertigung für diese Strategie insgesamt schwach ist. Die vom Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie (BMWi) vorgeschlagenen Instrumente weisen meist nur eine sehr geringe Passgenauigkeit zur mittelständisch geprägten deutschen Unternehmenslandschaft auf. Sie stellen Anforderungen an die Fähigkeiten der staatlichen Entscheidungsträger, die in der Realität kaum vorzufinden sind. Eine sinnvolle Alternative würde in einer Rückbesinnung auf ordnungspolitische Prinzipien, insbesondere die Gewährleistung einer hohen Wettbewerbsintensität, bestehen. KW - Industriepolitik KW - Innovationspolitik KW - Nationale Industriestrategie KW - Strukturwandel KW - nationale Champions KW - Innovation Policy KW - Structural Change KW - National Champions Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/ordo-2020-0019 SN - 0048-2129 VL - 70 IS - 1 SP - 340 EP - 371 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kaucher, Simone A1 - Khil, Laura A1 - Kajüter, Hiltraud A1 - Becher, Heiko A1 - Reder, Maren A1 - Kolip, Petra A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Winkler, Volker A1 - Berens, Eva-Maria T1 - Breast cancer incidence and mammography screening among resettlers in Germany T2 - BMC public health N2 - Background – European studies showed that women with a migration background are less likely to participate in mammography screenings than autochthonous women. However, the participation in the German mammography screening programme (MSP) among ethnic German migrants from countries of the former Soviet Union (called resettlers) is unclear so far. The aim of this study was to identify possible differences regarding MSP participation between resettlers from the FSU and the general German population. Methods – Data from two independent, complementary studies from North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany (a retrospective cohort study 1994–2013; a cross-sectional study 2013/14) were used for comparisons between resettlers and the general population: Odds Ratios (ORs) for MSP participation utilizing the cross-sectional data and time trends of breast cancer incidence rates as well as Chi-Square tests for breast cancer stages utilizing the cohort data. Results – Resettlers showed higher Odds to participate in the MSP than the general population (OR 2.42, 95% CI 1.08–5.42). Among resettlers, a large increase in incidence rates was observed during the MSP implementation (2005–2009), resulting in stable and comparable incidence rates after the implementation. Furthermore, pre-MSP implementation, the proportion of advanced breast cancer stages was higher among resettlers than in the German population, post-MSP implementation the proportion was comparable. Conclusions – MSP participating seems surprisingly high among resettlers. An explanation for the increased willingness to participate might be the structured invitation procedure of the MSP. However, the exact reasons remain unclear and future research is needed to confirm this hypothesis and rule out the possibility of selection bias in the cross-sectional study. KW - Resettlers KW - Migrants KW - Breast cancer KW - Stage at diagnosis KW - Mammography screening programme KW - Participation Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-08534-7 VL - 20 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Simon A1 - Krisponeit, Jon-Olaf A1 - Foerster, Michael A1 - Aballe, Lucia A1 - Falta, Jens A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo T1 - Massively Strained VO2 Thin Film Growth on RuO2 T2 - Crystal Growth & Design N2 - Strain engineering vanadium dioxide thin films is one way to alter this material’s characteristic first order transition from semiconductor to metal. In this study, we extend the exploitable strain regime by utilizing the very large lattice mismatch of 8.78% occurring in the VO2/RuO2 system along the c axis of the rutile structure. We have grown VO2 thin films on single-domain RuO2 islands of two distinct surface orientations by atomic oxygen-supported reactive molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). These films were examined by spatially resolved photoelectron and X-ray absorption spectroscopy, confirming the correct stoichiometry. Low energy electron diffraction then reveals the VO2 films grow indeed fully strained on RuO2(110), exhibiting a previously unreported (2 × 2) reconstruction. On TiO2(110) substrates, we reproduce this reconstruction and attribute it to an oxygen-rich termination caused by the high oxygen chemical potential. On RuO2(100), on the contrary, the films grow fully relaxed. Hence, the presented growth method allows for simultaneous access to a remarkable strain window ranging from bulk-like structures to massively strained regions. KW - strain engineering KW - vanadium dioxide (VO2) KW - ruthenium dioxide (RuO2) KW - reactive molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) KW - low energy electron microscopy (LEEM) KW - photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM) KW - low energy electron diffraction (LEED) KW - XPEEM KW - µLEED Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.cgd.0c00120 SN - 1528-7483 SN - 1528-7505 VL - 20 IS - 4 SP - 2734 EP - 2741 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Auer, Benjamin R. A1 - Rottmann, Horst T1 - Have capital market anomalies worldwide attenuated in the recent era of high liquidity and trading activity? T2 - Journal of Economics and Business Y1 - 2019 SN - 0148-6195 VL - 103 SP - 61 EP - 79 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Auer, Benjamin R. A1 - Hiller, Tobias T1 - Can cooperative game theory solve the low risk puzzle? T2 - International Journal of Finance and Economics Y1 - 2019 SN - 1099-1158 VL - 24 IS - 2 SP - 884 EP - 889 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Auer, Benjamin R. T1 - Does the strength of capital market anomalies exhibit seasonal patterns? T2 - Journal of Economics and Finance Y1 - 2019 SN - 1938-9744 SN - 1055-0925 VL - 43 IS - 1 SP - 91 EP - 103 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Wasala, Sahan A1 - Sarradj, Ennes T1 - Experimental Study of Airfoil Leading Edge Combs for Turbulence Interaction Noise Reduction T2 - Acoustics Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/acoustics2020014 SN - 2624-599X VL - 2 IS - 2 SP - 207 EP - 223 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lehnen, Nadine A1 - Radziej, Katharina A1 - Weigel, Angelika A1 - Känel, Roland von A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Pietron, Victor A1 - Van den Bergh, Omer A1 - Löwe, Bernd A1 - Lehmann, Marco A1 - Henningsen, Peter T1 - Complementing conceptual models of persistent somatic symptoms with mathematical formalization T2 - Psychosomatic Medicine Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0000000000000801 SN - 1534-7796 VL - 82 IS - 5 SP - 527 EP - 528 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klepel, Olaf A1 - Danneberg, Nina T1 - Porous Carbon Monoliths Made from Cellulose and Starch T2 - C – Journal of Carbon Research Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/c6020032 SN - 2311-5629 VL - 6 IS - 2 SP - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shrestha, Krishna Prasad A1 - Eckart, Sven A1 - Elbaz, Ayman M. A1 - Giri, Binod Raj A1 - Fritsche, Chris A1 - Seidel, Lars A1 - Roberts, William L. A1 - Krause, Hartmut A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - A comprehensive kinetic model for dimethyl ether and dimethoxymethane oxidation and NOx interaction utilizing experimental laminar flame speed measurements at elevated pressure and temperature T2 - Combustion and Flame N2 - Laminar flame speeds of dimethyl ether and dimethoxymethane at pressures from 1 to 5 bar and initial temperatures from 298 to 373 K were determined experimentally using a constant volume spherical vessel and a heat flux burner setup. This study is the first to report dimethoxymethane laminar flame speeds at a pressure higher than 1 bar. Using these experimental data along with data available in the literature, a new kinetic model for the prediction of the oxidation behavior of dimethyl ether and dimethoxymethane in freely propagating and burner stabilized premixed flames, in shock tubes, rapid compression machines, flow reactors, and a jet-stirred reactor has been developed. The experimental results from the present work and literature are interpreted with the help of the derived kinetic model. This newly developed reaction mechanism considers the redox chemistry of NOx to accommodate the influence of the oxygen level on the onset of fuel conversion and interconversion of NO and NO2. The current model suggests that an increased O2 level promotes the HO2 production, which in turn leads to the formation of OH radicals, which promotes the combustion of the fuel/air mixture under lean conditions. The increase of OH radical concentrations is mainly via the NO/NO2 interconversion reaction channel, NO+HO2=NO2+OH, NO2+H=NO+OH, CH3OCH3+NO2=CH3OCH2+HONO, followed by the thermal decomposition of HONO. This work extends the kinetic database and helps to improve the understanding of dimethyl ether and dimethoxymethane combustion behavior. The kinetic model presented in this work can serve as a base model for hydrocarbons and oxygenated fuels higher than C2. KW - Dimethyl ether KW - Dimethoxymethane KW - Laminar flame speed KW - Kinetic modeling KW - NOx Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2020.04.016 SN - 1556-2921 VL - 218 SP - 57 EP - 74 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Beim Graben, Peter A1 - Mannone, Maria T1 - Musical pitch quantization as an eigenvalue problem T2 - Journal of Mathematics and Music N2 - How can discrete pitches and chords emerge from the continuum of sound? Using a quantum cognition model of tonal music, we prove that the associated Schrödinger equation in Fourier space is invariant under continuous pitch transpositions. However, this symmetry is broken in the case of transpositions of chords, entailing a discrete cyclic group as transposition symmetry. Our research relates quantum mechanics with music and is consistent with music theory and seminal insights by Hermann von Helmholtz. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/17459737.2020.1763488 SN - 1745-9745 SP - 1 EP - 18 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin A1 - Craparo, Emily M. A1 - Karatas, Mumtaz A1 - Buttrey, Samuel E. T1 - Solving Multistatic Sonar Location Problems with Mixed-Integer Programming T2 - Optimization and Engineering Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11081-019-09445-2 VL - 21 IS - 1 SP - 273 EP - 303 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin T1 - Solving a School Bus Scheduling Problem with Integer Programming T2 - European Journal of Operational Research Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2007.10.055 SN - 0377-2217 VL - 193 IS - 3 SP - 867 EP - 884 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kuhn, Ramona A1 - Bryant, Isaac Mbir A1 - Martienssen, Marion T1 - Supplementary data on rapid sample clean-up procedure for aminophosphonate determination by LC/MS analysis T2 - MethodsX N2 - Minimising matrix effects through high sample purity is of major importance for LC/MS analysis. Here we provide supplementary data and protocols related to the article “Rapid sample clean-up procedure of aminophosphonates for LC/MS analysis”(revised article submitted to Talanta) [1] . It is demonstrated that the tested phosphonates iminodi(methylenephosphonic acid) (IDMP), hydroxyethelidene(diphosphonic acid) (HEDP), aminotris(methylenephosphonic acid) (ATMP), ethylenediaminetetra(methyloenephosphonic acid) (EDTMP) and diethylenetriaminepenta(methylenephosphonic acid) (DTPMP) dissolved in tap water are not detectable by LC/MS without sample clean-up. Only the smallest aminophosphonate amino(methylenephosphonic acid) (AMPA) was detectable but the recovery is decreased drastically. The optimised sample clean-up with cation exchange resin (CER) Dowex 50WX8 is described in detail and illustrated. The protocol is provided. The influence of the incubation time, addition of different ammonium acetate concentrations, different samples pHs and different water qualities is demonstrated and preferred clean- up conditions are recommended. Calibration results of all tested aminophosphonates are validated regarding limit of detection, limit of quantification, lower limit of quantification, absolute and relative process standard deviation. A final recommendation for the best clean-up condition for all six tested aminophosphonates is provided. KW - Phosphonates KW - LC/MS analysis KW - Cation Exchange Resin KW - Clean-up Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mex.2020.100933 SN - 2215-0161 VL - 07 SP - 1 EP - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Chasapi, Margarita A1 - Dornisch, Wolfgang A1 - Klinkel, Sven T1 - Patch coupling in isogeometric analysis of solids inboundary representation using a mortar approach T2 - International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering N2 - This contribution is concerned with a coupling approach for nonconforming NURBS patches in the framework of an isogeometric formulation for solids inboundary representation. The boundary representation modeling technique inCAD is the starting point of this approach. We parameterize the solid according to the scaled boundary finite element method and employ NURBS basis functions for the approximation of the solution. Therefore, solid surfaces consist of several sections, which can be regarded as patches and discretized independently. The main objective of this study is to derive an approach for the connection of independent sections in order to allow for local refinement and thus an accurate and efficient discretization of the computational domain. Non-conforming sections are coupled with a mortar approach within a master-slave framework. The coupling of adjacent sections ensures the equality of mutual deformations along the interface in a weak sense and is enforced by constraining the NURBS basis functions on the interface. We apply this approach to non-linear problems in two dimensions and compare the results with conforming discretizations. KW - Isogeometric analysis KW - Scaled Boundary FEM KW - Mortar Method Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/nme.6354 SN - 1097-0207 VL - 121 IS - 14 SP - 3206 EP - 3226 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kazula, Stefan A1 - Höschler, Klaus T1 - Evaluation of variable pitot inlet concepts for transonic and supersonic civil aviation T2 - Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology N2 - Purpose – This paper aims to describe the selection of the ideal variable inlet concept group by using results of aerodynamic investigations, system safety analyses and integration studies. Design/methodology/approach – Aerodynamic and functional inlet requirements are explained and variable inlet concept groups are introduced. The concept evaluation by means of a weighted point rating is presented. The respective concept groups are analysed and evaluated regarding economic, functional and safety requirements. Findings – By means of this evaluation, the concept group that adjusts the inlet geometry by rigid segment repositioning is identified as most suitable concept group. Originality/value – The early selection of the most suitable concept group enables more detailed subsequent concept investigations, potentially enabling the technology of variable inlets for future commercial aircraft. KW - Design evaluation KW - Variable aero engine inlet KW - Morphing nacelle intake Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1108/AEAT-11-2019-0225 SN - 0002-2667 VL - 92 IS - 6 SP - 807 EP - 815 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kazula, Stefan A1 - Wöllner, Mark A1 - Höschler, Klaus T1 - Identification of efficient geometries for variable pitot inlets for supersonic transport T2 - Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology N2 - Purpose – This paper aims to reveal the influence of selected geometric parameters on the aerodynamic performance of circular variable aero engine inlets in transonic and supersonic civil aviation. Design/methodology/approach – The trade-off in inlet design and aerodynamic evaluation parameters is presented. The approach to investigate the dependencies between the aerodynamic and geometric parameters at different flight conditions by means of a parametric design study is introduced. Findings – The dependencies of inlet drag and efficiency from geometric parameters at flight speeds of Mach 0.95 up to Mach 1.6 are identified. Although entailing additional weight, the inlet length represents the parameter with the highest potential for drag reduction by up to 50% in the selected design space. Ideal geometries for variable pitot inlets are determined. After considering weight, their potential range benefit nearly disappears for subsonic applications, but remains above 20% for supersonic flight at Mach 1.6. Originality/value – Hence, the technology of circular variable pitot inlets for supersonic transport aircraft could be a way to achieve the ambitious ecological, safety and economic goals for future civil aviation. KW - Benefit of supersonic variable axisymmetric pitot inlets KW - Supersonic transport (SST) KW - Ideal aircraft intake geometries KW - Pitot inlet drag estimation Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1108/AEAT-11-2019-0228 SN - 0002-2667 VL - 92 IS - 7 SP - 981 EP - 992 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Geyer, Thomas T1 - Vortex Shedding Noise from Finite, Wall-Mounted, Circular Cylinders Modified with Porous Material T2 - AIAA Journal Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2514/1.J058877 SN - 1533-385X VL - 58 IS - 5 SP - 2014 EP - 2028 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Groß, Michael T1 - Differences between mobile and non-mobile buyers: comparing attitudinal, motive-related, and media behaviour T2 - International Journal of Electronic Marketing and Retailing N2 - The aim of this study is to investigate the disparities between different types of consumers with respect to their mobile shopping (m-shopping) attitude, shopping motives, and media usage behaviour when practising online shopping. Thus, this study is the first to combine three different consumer viewpoints to provide an enhanced consumer picture. The findings are as follows. First, non-m-buyers’ attitude towards m-shopping is crucially formed by function-orientated aspects, and they prefer to engage more in exploring stores than in certain m-buying activities when they use smartphones. In contrast, m-buyers strive for more flexibility in meeting their recreational needs, since they have a hedonically compelled attitude towards m-shopping. Second, both groups regard m-shopping convenience as a basic requirement that must be fulfilled; otherwise, m-shopping is not useful to them at all. Moreover, contrary to non-m-buyers, the empirical outcomes suggest that m-buyers are multi-device shoppers because they engage heavily in online shopping and use portable media to a large degree, meaning that they are not restricted to a local environment. KW - mobile buying KW - mobile shopping KW - m-shopping KW - mobile buyer KW - non-mobile buyer KW - consumer discrepancy KW - digital natives KW - generation Z KW - consumer attitude KW - shopping motive KW - media usage behaviour KW - mobile commerce KW - electronic marketing KW - retailing Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.inderscience.com/info/inarticle.php?artid=106433 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1504/IJEMR.2020.106433 SN - 1741-1033 SN - 1741-1025 VL - 11 IS - 1 SP - 50 EP - 80 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kostorz, Kathrin A1 - Flanagin, Virginia A1 - Glasauer, Stefan T1 - Synchronization between instructor and observer when learning a complex bimanual skill T2 - Neuroimage N2 - While learning from an instructor by watching a ‘how-to’ video has become common practice, we know sur- prisingly little about the relation between brain activities in instructor and observers. In this fMRI study we investigated the temporal synchronization between instructor and observers using intersubject correlation in the naturalistic setting of learning to fold origami. Brain activity of the blindfolded instructor during action pro- duction was compared to the observers while they viewed the instructor’s video-taped actions. We demonstrate for the first time that the BOLD activity in the instructor’s and observer’s brain are synchronized while observing and learning a manual complex task with the goal of reproducing it. We can rule out that this synchrony originates from visual feedback. Observers exhibiting higher synchrony with the instructor in the ventral premotor cortex, while viewing the video for the first time, were more successful in reproducing the origami afterwards. Furthermore, changes in instructor-observer synchrony across observational learning sessions occur in cerebellar areas, as well as differences in instructor-observer synchrony between learning and the counting folds, our non- learning control. Not only known cerebellar motor production areas show synchrony, shedding new light on the involvement of the cerebellum in action observation and learning. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116659 SN - 1053-8119 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hecker, Lutz Philip A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Markwardt, Gunther T1 - Spotlight on Spatial Spillovers: An Econometric Analysis of Wastewater Treatment in Mexican Municipalities T2 - Ecological Economics Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2020.106693 SN - 0921-8009 VL - Vol. 175 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gomez-Alvarez, Miguel Angel A1 - Morales, Carlos A1 - Méndez, Javier A1 - Campo, Adolfo del A1 - Urbanos, Fernando J. A1 - Díaz, Aarón A1 - Reséndiz, Luis A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo A1 - Granados, Daniel A1 - Soriano, Leonardo T1 - A Comparative Study of the ZnO Growth on Graphene and Graphene Oxide: The Role of the Initial Oxidation State of Carbon T2 - C - Journal of Carbon Research N2 - The role of the oxidation state of carbon on the early stages of growth of metal oxides was studied for the particular case of ZnO deposition on graphene and graphene oxide on SiO2 (G/SiO2 and GO/SiO2, respectively) substrates. The growth was carried out by thermal evaporation of metallic Zn under an oxygen atmosphere at room temperature. This technique permits quasi-equilibrium conditions during the oxide growth, allowing the characterization of the fundamental interaction between ZnO and the graphene-based substrates. Although in both cases ZnO follows a Volmer–Weber growth mode controlled by nucleation at defects, the details are different. In the case of the GO/SiO2 substrate, the nucleation process acts as a bottleneck, limiting the coverage of the complete surface and allowing the growth of very large ZnO structures in comparison to G/SiO2. Moreover, by studying the Zn-LMM Auger spectra, it is shown how the initial nature of the substrate influences the composition of the ZnO deposit during the very early stages of growth in terms of Zn/O atomic ratio. These results are compared to those previously reported regarding ZnO growth on graphite and graphene on Cu (G/Cu). This comparison allows us to understand the role of different characteristics of graphene-based substrates in terms of number of defects, oxidation state, graphene support substrate and number of graphene layers. KW - graphene KW - graphene oxide KW - zinc oxide KW - intrefaces KW - mode of growth KW - x-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) KW - atomic force microscopy (AFM) KW - factor analyis Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/c6020041 SN - 2311-5629 VL - 6 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mayoufi, Sonya A1 - Mehrick, Max A1 - Retkowski, Alexandra T1 - Sexualisierte Gewalt an Kindern in Institutionen T2 - Public Health Forum KW - Kinderschutz Y1 - 2019 SN - 1876-4851 VL - 27 IS - 1 SP - 59 EP - 61 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ludwig, Angelique A1 - Miani, Céline A1 - Breckenkamp, Jürgen A1 - Sauzet, Odile A1 - Borde, Theda A1 - Doyle, Ina-Merle A1 - Brenne, Silke A1 - Höller-Holtrichter, Chantal A1 - David, Matthias A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Razum, Oliver T1 - Are Social Status and Migration Background Associated with Utilization of Non-medical Antenatal Care? Analyses from Two German Studies T2 - Maternal and Child Health Journal N2 - Objective: Non-medical antenatal care (ANC) refers to a range of non-medical services available to women during pregnancy aiming at supporting women and prepare them for the birth and the postpartum period. In Germany, they include antenatal classes, breastfeeding classes and pregnancy-specific yoga or gymnastics courses. Studies suggest that various types of non-medical ANC carry benefits for both the women and their babies. Little is known about the uptake of non-medical ANC among different socioeconomic population subgroups, but one may expect lower utilization among socio-economically disadvantaged women. We analyzed factors contributing to the utilization of non-medical ANC in general and antenatal classes in particular. Methods: Baseline data of the Bielefeld BaBi birth cohort (2013–2016) and the Berlin perinatal study (2011–2012) were analyzed. Comparing the two cohorts allowed to increase the socio-economic and migration background variance of the study population and to capture the effect of the local context on uptake of services. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to study associations between the uptake of non-medical ANC and socio-economic and migration status.ResultsIn Berlin and Bielefeld, being a first generation migrant and having lower levels of education were associated with lower non-medical ANC uptake. In Berlin, being a 2nd generation woman or having a low income was also associated with lower uptake. Conclusions for Practice: Our study suggests that non-medical ANC remains in some part the prerogative of non-migrant, well-educated and economically privileged women. Since differences in non-medical ANC have the potential to create inequalities in terms of birth outcomes and maternal health during pregnancy and post-partum, more efforts are needed to promote the use of non-medical ANC by all population groups. KW - Non-medical antenatal care KW - Migration background KW - Education KW - Socioeconomic status KW - Pregnancy Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-020-02937-z SN - 1573-6628 SN - 1092-7875 VL - 24 IS - 7 SP - 943 EP - 952 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Geyer, Thomas T1 - Experimental evaluation of cylinder vortex shedding noise reduction using porous material T2 - Experiments in Fluids N2 - The tonal noise generation of a circular cylinder in a uniform flow is an important source of aerodynamic noise. It can be found at parts of the landing gear of airplanes, at pantographs of trains, at antennas and basically all other protruding parts of vehicles. This noise is due to the periodic shedding of vortices along the cylinder span. One method to reduce this noise is the use of flow permeable covers around the cylinders. In the present study, measurements were performed in an aeroacoustic wind tunnel on a large set of porous covered cylinders. In addition to varying the porous material, which is characterized by its air flow resistivity and its porosity, the thickness of the porous layer was varied as well. The measurements were performed at Reynolds numbers between 14,000 and 103,000 using microphones located in the acoustic far field. It was found that the porous covers lead to a notable narrowing of the vortex shedding tonal peak in the sound pressure level spectra, an effect that increases with increasing porosity and thickness and decreasing air flow resistivity of the porous layer. Based on the large set of experimental data, basic trends were derived for the estimation of the vortex shedding Strouhal number and the reduction in the energy in the vortex shedding peak using the method of linear regression. Constant temperature anemometry measurements in the wake of selected cylinders basically showed a similar narrowing of the vortex shedding peak in the spectra of the turbulent velocity fluctuations. In addition, the measurement of wake profiles showed a reduction in the mean velocity and the turbulence in the wake as well as a widening of the wake region, while an analysis of the spanwise coherence revealed that the cause of the overall noise reduction is not a breakup of spanwise turbulent structures. Rather, the results imply that viscous damping of turbulent flow pressure amplitudes by the porous material strongly contributes to the noise reduction. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-020-02972-0 SN - 0723-4864 SN - 1432-1114 VL - 61 IS - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kasper, Yann A1 - Albiez, Matthias A1 - Ciupack, Yvonne A1 - Geßler, Achim A1 - Ummenhofer, Thomas A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Feldmann, Markus T1 - Verstärkung von ermüdungsbeanspruchten Stahlbauteilen mit aufgeklebten CFK-Lamellen - Teil 1: Grundlagen T2 - Bauingenieur Y1 - 2020 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 95 IS - 3 SP - 79 EP - 84 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kasper, Yann A1 - Albiez, Matthias A1 - Ciupack, Yvonne A1 - Geßler, Achim A1 - Ummenhofer, Thomas A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Feldmann, Markus T1 - Verstärkung von ermüdungsbeanspruchten Stahlbauteilen mit aufgeklebten CFK-Lamellen - Teil 2: Experimentelle Rissfortschrittsuntersuchungen T2 - Bauingenieur Y1 - 2020 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 95 IS - 5 SP - 166 EP - 173 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin A1 - Homfeld, Henning A1 - Huck, Andreas A1 - Martin, Alexander A1 - Yuan, Zhi T1 - Scheduling Locomotives and Car Transfers in Freight Transport T2 - Transportation Science Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.1080.0248 SN - 1526-5447 SN - 0041-1655 VL - 42 IS - 4 SP - 478 EP - 491 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Groß, Michael A1 - Sohn, Stefanie T1 - Understanding the inhibitors to consumer mobile purchasing intentions T2 - Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services N2 - Consumers frequently browse online stores via mobile (m-) channels but seldom realize transactions through m-channels. Although this m-purchasing yields an attractive growth opportunity for online retailers, existing research still insufficiently explains m-purchasing (intentions). Hence, this research develops and empirically tests a model of m-purchasing intention. This study's findings suggest that both task-related (e.g., perceived security risk of m-purchasing) and m-channel-related (e.g., perceived security risk of m-channels) factors inhibit consumers' decision to use m-channels for online transactions. Prior experiences with m-purchasing moderate the effect of perceived m-purchasing security risk on m-purchasing intention; the effect is stronger for experienced than for inexperienced consumers KW - Mobile commerce KW - Mobile purchasing KW - Inhibitors KW - Acceptance KW - Multigroup analysis KW - Mobile shopping KW - M-shopping Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0969698920300825?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2020.102129 SN - 0969-6989 N1 - Highlights: - Task- and channel-related factors are central to m-purchasing intentions. - Inhibitors to m-purchasing intentions are versatile. - Consumer experiences with m-purchasing moderator the factors impeding m-purchasing intentions. - Consumer beliefs about pre-purchasing activities shape m-purchasing intentions. VL - 57 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Trzeciak, Miriam Friz A1 - Schäfer, Jana T1 - Die Verhandlung von ethnosexueller Zugehörigkeit in Diskursereignissen zu Konflikten um Migration in Cottbus und Köthen T2 - Migration und soziale Arbeit N2 - Anti-migrantische, rassistische und sexistische Positionen sind in Medien, Politik und Öffentlichkeit seit dem ‚Sommer der Migration‘ 2015, dem Einzug der AfD in den Bundestag sowie den Diskussionen um die Kölner Silversternacht 2015/2016 vermehrt zu beobachten. Gegenstand dieses Textes ist die Frage, inwieweit diese migrationsfeindlichen Positionen Einzug in mediale Texte gefunden haben. Wir zeigen explorativ anhand der Diskursereignisse Cottbus und Köthen, wie über ethnosexuelle Grenzziehungen eine ‚sexuell imaginierte Gemeinschaft‘ (Nagel 2013) entsteht, die rechte und rassistische Positionen einfasst und in Abgrenzung dazu Migration als fremde Gefahr für die Einwanderungsgesellschaft konstruiert. KW - Migration KW - Medien KW - Intersektionalität KW - Othering KW - Ethnosexuelle Grenzziehungen Y1 - 2019 SN - 1432-6000 SN - 0172-746X IS - 3 SP - 218 EP - 224 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Drechsler, Martin A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - Biodiversity conservation in a dynamic world may lead to inefficiencies due to lock-in effects and path dependence T2 - Ecological Economics Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2020.106652 SN - 0921-8009 VL - 173 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schimböck, Florian T1 - Denk ans Delir: Delirmanagement in der Corona-Pandemie T2 - Pflegewissenschaft KW - Delir KW - Delirmanagement KW - Corona-Pandemie Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.hpsmedia-verlag.de/home/corona/ SN - 1662-3029 IS - 2 SP - 20 EP - 23 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kutz, Dieter F. A1 - Kolb, Florian P. A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Straka, Hans T1 - Somatosensory Influence on Platform-Induced Translational Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex in Vertical Direction in Humans T2 - Frontiers in Neurology N2 - The vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) consists of two components, the rotational VOR (rVOR) elicited by semicircular canal signals and the translational VOR (tVOR) elicited by otolith signals. Given the relevant role of the vertical tVOR in human walking, this study aimed at measuring the time delay of eye movements in relation to whole-body vertical translations in natural standing position. Twenty (13 females and 7 males) healthy, young subjects (mean 25 years) stood upright on a motor-driven platform and were exposed to sinusoidal movements while fixating a LED, positioned at a distance of 50 cm in front of the eyes. The platform motion induced a vertical translation of 2.6 cm that provoked counteracting eye movements similar to self-paced walking. The time differences between platform and eye movements indicated that the subject's timing of the extraocular motor reaction depended on stimulus frequency and number of repetitions. At low stimulus frequencies (<0.8 Hz) and small numbers of repetitions (<3), eye movements were phase advanced or in synchrony with platform movements. At higher stimulus frequencies or continuous stimulation, eye movements were phase lagged by ~40 ms. Interestingly, the timing of eye movements depended on the initial platform inclination. Starting with both feet in dorsiflexion, eye movements preceded platform movements by 137 ms, whereas starting with both feet in plantar flexion eye movement precession was only 19 ms. This suggests a remarkable influence of foot proprioceptive signals on the timing of eye movements, indicating that the dynamics of the vertical tVOR is controlled by somatosensory signals. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2020.00332 SN - 1664-2295 VL - 11 SP - 1 EP - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gnegel, Fabian A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin T1 - An Iterative Graph Expansion Approach for the Scheduling and Routing of Airplanes T2 - Computers & Operations Research Y1 - 2020 SN - 0305-0548 VL - Computers & Operations Research IS - 114 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin A1 - Homfeld, Henning A1 - Schülldorf, Hanno T1 - Single Car Routing in Rail Freight Transport T2 - Transportation Science Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2013.0486 SN - 1526-5447 SN - 0041-1655 VL - 49 IS - 1 SP - 130 EP - 148 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin A1 - Junosza-Szaniawski, Konstanty A1 - Lonc, Zbigniew T1 - Exact and Approximation Algorithms for a Soft Rectangle Packing Problem T2 - Optimization Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/02331934.2012.728217 SN - 1029-4945 SN - 0233-1934 VL - 63 IS - 11 SP - 1637 EP - 1663 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin A1 - Geißler, Björn A1 - Gollmer, Ralf A1 - Hayn, Christine A1 - Henrion, René A1 - Hiller, Benjamin A1 - Humpola, Jesco A1 - Koch, Thorsten A1 - Lehmann, Thomas A1 - Martin, Alexander A1 - Mirkov, Radoslava A1 - Morsi, Antonio A1 - Rövekamp, Jessica A1 - Schewe, Lars A1 - Schmidt, Martin A1 - Schultz, Rüdiger A1 - Schwarz, Robert A1 - Schweiger, Jonas A1 - Stangl, Claudia A1 - Steinbach, Marc C. A1 - Willert, Bernhard M. T1 - Mathematical Optimization for Challenging Network Planning Problems in Un- bundled Liberalized Gas Markets T2 - Energy Systems Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12667-013-0099-8 SN - 1868-3975 SN - 1868-3967 VL - 5 IS - 3 SP - 449 EP - 473 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Defterli, Özlem A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin A1 - Weber, Gerhard Wilhelm T1 - Modern Tools for the Time-Discrete Dynamics and Optimization of Gene- Environment Networks T2 - Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cnsns.2011.03.003 SN - 1007-5704 VL - 16 IS - 12 SP - 4768 EP - 4779 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin T1 - A set partitioning reformulation of a school bus scheduling problem T2 - Journal of Scheduling Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10951-011-0234-0 SN - 1099-1425 SN - 1094-6136 VL - 14 SP - 307 EP - 318 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Frank, Martin A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin A1 - Herty, Michael A1 - Schewe, Lars T1 - The Coolest Path Problem T2 - Networks & Heterogeneous Media Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3934/nhm.2010.5.143 SN - 1438-0064 VL - 5 IS - 1 SP - 143 EP - 162 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin A1 - Göttlich, Simone A1 - Kirchner, Claus A1 - Herty, Michael A1 - Martin, Alexander T1 - Efficient Reformulation and Solution of a Nonlinear PDE-Controlled Flow Network Model T2 - Computing Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00607-009-0038-7 SN - 0010-485X SN - 1436-5057 VL - 85 IS - 3 SP - 245 EP - 265 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dittel, Agnes A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin A1 - Göttlich, Simone A1 - Herty, Michael T1 - MIP Presolve Techniques for a PDE-based Supply Chain Model T2 - Optimization Methods and Software Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/10556780902752595 SN - 1029-4937 SN - 1055-6788 VL - 24 IS - 3 SP - 427 EP - 445 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Caviedes-Voullième, Daniel A1 - Fernández-Pato, Javier A1 - Hinz, Christoph T1 - Performance assessment of 2D Zero-Inertia and Shallow Water models for simulating rainfall-runoff processes T2 - Journal of Hydrology N2 - Rainfall-runoff simulations are increasingly being performed with physically-based and spatially distributed solvers. The current computational and numerical technology enables the use of full shallow water equations solvers to be applied for these type of flow problems. Nonetheless, Zero-Inertia (diffusive wave) solvers have been historically favoured due to their conceptual and mathematical simplicity in comparison to shallow water solvers, with the working assumption that the simplifications introduced by Zero-Inertia will have some assumable impact on accuracy but will also allow for computational efficiency. Since both types of solvers have been primarily developed, benchmarked and compared to each other for fluvial and floodplain simulations, it is relevant to assess t-he relative performance for rainfall-runoff problems. In this work, both solvers are applied to a set of six well known test cases with reference solutions. The performance of the solvers is assessed in terms of global signatures such as hydrographs and flooded areas, but also in terms of spatial distributions of depth and velocity, as well as computational cost. Furthermore, the comparisons are performed across different spatial resolutions. The results show that for rainfall-runoff problems explicit, finite volumes solvers for both equations provide a similar accuracy, but the shallow water solver requires less computational time. The Zero-Inertia solver was found to be less sensitive to mesh refining than the full shallow water solver. KW - Surface runoff KW - Runoff generation KW - Pluvial flooding KW - Zero-inertia equation KW - Shallow-water equations KW - Diffusive-wave equation Y1 - 2020 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022169420301232 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2020.124663 SN - 0022-1694 VL - 584 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Caviedes-Voullième, Daniel A1 - Hinz, Christoph T1 - From nonequilibrium initial conditions to steady dryland vegetation patterns: How trajectories matter T2 - Ecohydrology N2 - The multiscale nature of ecohydrological processes and feedbacks implies that vegetation patterns arising in water‐limited systems are directly linked to water redistribution processes occurring at much shorter timescales than vegetation growth. This in turn suggests that the initially available water in the system can play a role in determining the trajectory of the system, together with the well‐known role of the rainfall gradient. This work explores the role of initial hydrological conditions on vegetation dynamics and vegetation patterns. To do so, the HilleRisLambers–Rietkerk model was solved with different rainfall amounts and a large range of initial hydrological conditions spanning from near‐equilibrium to far‐from‐equilibrium conditions. The resulting vegetation patterns and ecohydrological signatures were quantitatively studied. The results show that not only do initial hydrological conditions play a role in the ecohydrological dynamics but also they can play a dominating one even resulting in divergent vegetation patterns that exhibit convergent mean‐field properties, including a new set of hybrid patterns. Our results highlight the relevance of assessing both global ecological and hydrological signatures and quantitatively assessing patterns to describe and understand system dynamics and in particular to determine if the systems are transient or steady. Furthermore, our analysis shows that the trajectories the system follows during its transient stages cannot be neglected to understand complex dependencies of the long‐term steady state to environmental factors and drivers. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/eco.2199 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.2199 SN - 1936-0584 VL - 13 IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schlykow, Viktoria A1 - Manganelli, Constanza Lucia A1 - Römer, Friedhard A1 - Clausen, Caterina J. A1 - Augel, Lion A1 - Schulze, Jörg A1 - Katzer, Jens A1 - Schubert, Michael Andreas A1 - Witzigmann, Bernd A1 - Schroeder, Thomas A1 - Capellini, Giovanni A1 - Fischer, Inga Anita T1 - Ge(Sn) nano-island/Si heterostructure photodetectors with plasmonic antennas T2 - Nanotechnology Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/ab91ef SN - 1361-6528 VL - 31 IS - 34 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Augel, Lion A1 - Fischer, Inga Anita A1 - Gollhofer, Martin A1 - Oehme, Michael A1 - Schulze, Jörg T1 - Comparing Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results with photocurrent measurements for Ge-on-Si PIN photodetectors with and without Al nanoantennas T2 - Journal of Applied Physics Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0012279 SN - 1089-7550 VL - 128 IS - 1 SP - 013105-1 EP - 013105-8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Franken, Tim A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Seidel, Lars A1 - Gern, Maike Sophie A1 - Kauf, Malte A1 - Matrisciano, Andrea A1 - Kulzer, Andre Casal T1 - Gasoline engine performance simulation of water injection and low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation using tabulated chemistry T2 - International Journal of Engine Research N2 - This work presents the assessment of direct water injection in spark-ignition engines using single cylinder experiments and tabulated chemistry-based simulations. In addition, direct water injection is compared with cooled low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation at full load operation. The analysis of the two knock suppressing and exhaust gas cooling methods is performed using the quasi-dimensional stochastic reactor model with a novel dual fuel tabulated chemistry model. To evaluate the characteristics of the autoignition in the end gas, the detonation diagram developed by Bradley and coworkers is applied. The single cylinder experiments with direct water injection outline the decreasing carbon monoxide emissions with increasing water content, while the nitrogen oxide emissions indicate only a minor decrease. The simulation results show that the engine can be operated at l = 1 at full load using water–fuel ratios of up to 60% or cooled low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation rates of up to 30%. Both technologies enable the reduction of the knock probability and the decrease in the catalyst inlet temperature to protect the aftertreatment system components. The strongest exhaust temperature reduction is found with cooled low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation. With stoichiometric air–fuel ratio and water injection, the indicated efficiency is improved to 40% and the carbon monoxide emissions are reduced. The nitrogen oxide concentrations are increased compared to the fuel-rich base operating conditions and the nitrogen oxide emissions decrease with higher water content. With stoichiometric air–fuel ratio and exhaust gas recirculation, the indicated efficiency is improved to 43% and the carbon monoxide emissions are decreased. Increasing the exhaust gas recirculation rate to 30% drops the nitrogen oxide emissions below the concentrations of the fuel-rich base operating conditions. KW - Water Injection KW - Exhaust Gas Recirculation KW - Efficiency KW - Spark Ignition Engine KW - Stochastic Reactor Model KW - Emissions Y1 - 2020 UR - https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1468087420933124 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/1468087420933124 SN - 2041-3149 SN - 1468-0874 VL - 21 IS - 10 SP - 1857 EP - 1877 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Commichau, Fabian M. A1 - Gibhardt, Johannes A1 - Heidemann, Jana A1 - Bremenkamp, Rica A1 - Rosenberg, Jonathan A1 - Seifert, Roland A1 - Kaever, Volkhard A1 - Ficner, Ralf T1 - An extracytoplasmic protein and a moonlighting enzyme modulate synthesis of c-di-AMP in Listeria monocytogenes T2 - Environmental Microbiology N2 - The second messenger cyclic di-AMP (c-di-AMP) is essential for growth of many bacteria because it controls osmolyte homeostasis. c-di-AMP can regulate the synthesis of potassium uptake systems in some bacteria and it also directly inhibits and activates potassium import and export systems, respectively. Therefore, c-di-AMP production and degradation have to be tightly regulated depending on the environmental osmolarity. The Gram-positive pathogen Listeria monocytogenes relies on the membrane-bound diadenylate cyclase CdaA for c-di-AMP production and degrades the nucleotide with two phosphodiesterases. While the enzymes producing and degrading the dinucleotide have been reasonably well examined, the regulation of c-di-AMP production is not well understood yet. Here we demonstrate that the extracytoplasmic regulator CdaR interacts with CdaA via its transmembrane helix to modulate c-di-AMP production. Moreover, we show that the phosphoglucosamine mutase GlmM forms a complex with CdaA and inhibits the diadenylate cyclase activity in vitro. We also found that GlmM inhibits c-di-AMP production in L. monocytogenes when the bacteria encounter osmotic stress. Thus, GlmM is the major factor controlling the activity of CdaA in vivo. GlmM can be assigned to the class of moonlighting proteins because it is active in metabolism and adjusts the cellular turgor depending on environmental osmolarity. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://sfamjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/1462-2920.15008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.15008 SN - 1462-2920 SN - 1462-2912 VL - 22 IS - 7 SP - 2771 EP - 2791 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zou, Zhihui A1 - Scott, Michael A. A1 - Miao, Di A1 - Bischoff, Manfred A1 - Oesterle, Bastian A1 - Dornisch, Wolfgang T1 - An isogeometric Reissner–Mindlin shell element based on Bézier dual basis functions: Overcoming locking and improved coarse mesh accuracy T2 - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering N2 - We develop a mixed geometrically nonlinear isogeometric Reissner–Mindlin shell element for the analysis of thin-walled structures that leverages Bézier dual basis functions to address both shear and membrane locking and to improve the quality of computed stresses. The accuracy of computed solutions over coarse meshes, that have highly non-interpolatory control meshes, is achieved through the application of a continuous rotational approach. The starting point of the formulation is the modified Hellinger–Reissner variational principle with independent displacement, membrane, and shear strains as the unknown fields. To overcome locking, the strain variables are interpolated with lower-order spline bases while the variations of the strain variables are interpolated with the corresponding Bézier dual bases. Leveraging the orthogonality property of the Bézier dual basis, the strain variables are condensed out of the system with only a slight increase in the bandwidth of the resulting linear system. The condensed approach preserves the accuracy of the non-condensed mixed approach but with fewer degrees of freedom. From a practical point of view, since the Bézier dual basis is completely specified through Bézier extraction, any spline space that admits Bézier extraction can utilize the proposed approach directly. KW - Isogeometric analysis KW - Reissner–Mindlin shells KW - Dual basis functions KW - Locking Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cma.2020.113283 SN - 0045-7825 VL - 370 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Goldbach, Carina A1 - Hoffmann, Christin A1 - Hoppe, Julia Amelie A1 - Pitz, Thomas A1 - Thommes, Kirsten T1 - The fast and the furious—An experimental investigation of the pace of life and risky speed choice in traffic T2 - PLOS ONE N2 - Despite discernible improvements in the last decades, speeding is still a pertinent problem for road safety, fuel efficiency, and greenhouse gas mitigation. In order to understand individual speeding decisions, we need a better understanding of who speeds. In our paper, we test whether individuals' general pace of life is associated with speeding decisions. We use a novel speed-choice experiment that confronts participants with a scenario in which they repeatedly decide between driving fast or slow. This decision is associated with different accident risks. Before the experiment, each participant's pace of life was measured. Our results show that individuals with a slower pace of life are more likely to choose slow in the experiment and are also more likely to switch to slow, even when they had success by driving fast in the preliminary round. Therefore, individuals' pace of life may contribute to our understanding of speeding. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0236589 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0236589 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 15 IS - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pabel, Luise A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Schellong, Julia T1 - Die therapeutische Krisensprechstunde für Geflüchtete in Dresdner Erstaufnahme­einrichtungen T2 - Trauma & Gewalt N2 - Geflüchtete haben im Vergleich mit der Allgemein­bevölkerung ein erhöhtes Risiko, unter psychischen Störungen zu leiden. Die psychosoziale und psychotherapeutische Versorgungslage für Geflüchtete in Deutschland wird derzeit als unzureichend eingeschätzt. Deutschlandweit haben sich daher Initiativen gegründet, um mittels niedrigschwelliger therapeutischer Kontakt- und Beratungsangebote diese Versorgungslücken zu schließen. Diese Initiativen haben häufig Projektcharakter und werden teilweise ehrenamtlich durchgeführt. Eines dieser Projekte, die therapeutische Krisensprechstunde in Dresdner Erstaufnahmeeinrichtungen, soll in diesem Artikel näher vorgestellt werden. Die Campkrisensprechstunde ist ein niedrigschwelliges, dolmetschergestütztes Angebot zur Stressreduktion, welches sich an psychisch belastete BewohnerInnen der Erstaufnahmeeinrichtungen für Asylsuchende in Dresden richtet. Sie bietet emotionale Entlastung, Stabilisierung, Psychoedukation, Ressourcenaktivierung und im Bedarfsfall auch Interventionen zur Deeskalation. Das Angebot wird seit Projektbeginn stetig nachgefragt und ist zu einem festen Bestandteil der psychosozialen Unterstützungsangebote in den beiden teilnehmenden Erstaufnahmeeinrichtungen geworden. Die Notwendigkeit der Schaffung und Finanzierung langfristiger, tragfähiger Strukturen in der Regelversorgung bleibt dennoch bestehen. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://elibrary.klett-cotta.de/article/10.21706/tg-14-3-237 U6 - https://doi.org/10.21706/tg-14-3-237 SN - 0022-6912 VL - 14 IS - 3 SP - 237 EP - 243 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pollack, Martin A1 - Pütz, Michele A1 - Marchisio, Daniele L A1 - Oevermann, Michael A1 - Hasse, Christian T1 - Zero-flux approximations for multivariate quadrature-based moment methods T2 - Journal of Computational Physics N2 - The evolution of polydisperse systems is governed by population balance equations. A group of efficient solution approaches are the moment methods, which do not solve for the number density function (NDF) directly but rather for a set of its moments. While this is computationally efficient, a specific challenge arises when describing the fluxes across a boundary in phase space for the disappearance of elements, the so-called zero-flux. The main difficulty is the missing NDF-information at the boundary, which most moment methods cannot provide. Relevant physical examples are evaporating droplets, soot oxidation or particle dissolution. In general, this issue can be solved by reconstructing the NDF close to the boundary. However, this was previously only achieved with univariate approaches, i.e. considering only a single internal variable. Many physical problems are insufficiently described by univariate population balance equations, e.g. droplets in sprays often require the temperature or the velocity to be internal coordinates in addition to the size. In this paper, we propose an algorithm, which provides an efficient multivariate approach to calculate the zero-fluxes. The algorithm employs the Extended Quadrature Method of Moments (EQMOM) with Beta and Gamma kernel density functions for the marginal NDF reconstruction and a polynomial or spline for the other conditional dimensions. This combination allows to reconstruct the entire multivariate NDF and based on this, expressions for the disappearance flux are derived. An algorithm is proposed for the whole moment inversion and reconstruction process. It is validated against a suite of test cases with increasing complexity. The influence of the number of kernel density functions and the configuration of the polynomials and splines on the accuracy is discussed. Finally, the associated computational costs are evaluated. KW - Number density function KW - Population balance equation KW - Method of moments KW - EQMOM KW - Multivariate KW - Evaporation Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2019.108879 SN - 0021-9991 IS - 398 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Arshad, Salman A1 - Kong, Bo A1 - Kerstein, Alan R. A1 - Oevermann, Michael T1 - A strategy for large-scale scalar advection in large eddy simulations that use the linear eddy sub-grid mixing model T2 - International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat and Fluid Flow N2 - Purpose: The purpose of this numerical work is to present and test a new approach for large-scale scalar advection (splicing) in large eddy simulations (LES) that use the linear eddy sub-grid mixing model (LEM) called the LES-LEM. Design/methodology/approach: The new splicing strategy is based on an ordered flux of spliced LEM segments. The principle is that low-flux segments have less momentum than high-flux segments and, therefore, are displaced less than high-flux segments. This strategy affects the order of both inflowing and outflowing LEM segments of an LES cell. The new splicing approach is implemented in a pressure-based fluid solver and tested by simulation of passive scalar transport in a co-flowing turbulent rectangular jet, instead of combustion simulation, to perform an isolated investigation of splicing. Comparison of the new splicing with a previous splicing approach is also done. Findings: The simulation results show that the velocity statistics and passive scalar mixing are correctly predicted using the new splicing approach for the LES-LEM. It is argued that modeling of large-scale advection in the LES-LEM via splicing is reasonable, and the new splicing approach potentially captures the physics better than the old approach. The standard LES sub-grid mixing models do not represent turbulent mixing in a proper way because they do not adequately represent molecular diffusion processes and counter gradient effects. Scalar mixing in turbulent flow consists of two different processes, i.e. turbulent mixing that increases the interface between unmixed species and molecular diffusion. It is crucial to model these two processes individually at their respective time scales. The LEM explicitly includes both of these processes and has been used successfully as a sub-grid scalar mixing model (McMurtry et al., 1992; Sone and Menon, 2003). Here, the turbulent mixing capabilities of the LES-LEM with a modified splicing treatment are examined. Originality/value: The splicing strategy proposed for the LES-LEM is original and has not been investigated before. Also, it is the first LES-LEM implementation using unstructured grids. KW - Large eddy simulations KW - LES-LEM KW - Linear eddy model KW - Passive scalar mixing KW - Splicing KW - Turbulent jet flow Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1108/HFF-09-2017-0387 SN - 0961-5539 VL - 28 IS - 10 SP - 2463 EP - 2479 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lackmann, Tim A1 - Nygren, Andreas A1 - Karlsson, Anders A1 - Oevermann, Michael T1 - Investigation of turbulence–chemistry interactions in a heavy-duty diesel engine with a representative interactive linear eddy model T2 - International Journal of Engine Research N2 - Simulations of a heavy-duty diesel engine operated at high-load and low-load conditions were compared to each other, and experimental data in order to evaluate the influence of turbulence–chemistry interactions on heat release, pressure development, flame structure, and temperature development are quantified. A recently developed new combustion model for turbulent diffusion flames called representative interactive linear eddy model which features turbulence–chemistry interaction was compared to a well-stirred reactor model which neglects the influence of turbulent fluctuations on the mean reaction rate. All other aspects regarding the spray combustion simulation like spray break-up, chemical mechanism, and boundary conditions within the combustion chamber were kept the same in both simulations. In this article, representative interactive linear eddy model is extended with a progress variable, which enables the model to account for a flame lift-off and split injection, when it is used for diffusion combustion. In addition, the extended version of representative interactive linear eddy model offers the potential to treat partially premixed and premixed combustion as well. The well-stirred reactor model was tuned to match the experimental results, thus computed pressure and apparent heat release are in close agreement with the experimental data. Representative interactive linear eddy model was not tuned specifically for the case and thus the computed results for pressure and heat release are in reasonable agreement with experimental data. The computational results show that the interaction of the turbulent flow field and the chemistry reduce the peak temperatures and broaden up the turbulent flame structure. Since this is the first study of a real combustion engine (metal engine) with the newly developed model, representative interactive linear eddy model appears as a promising candidate for predictions of spray combustion in engines, especially in combustion regimes where turbulence–chemistry interaction plays an even more important role like, example given, in low-temperature combustion or combustion with local extinction and re-ignition. KW - Representative interactive linear eddy model KW - turbulent spray flame KW - turbulence–chemistry interaction KW - diesel engine Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/1468087418812319 SN - 1468-0874 VL - 21 IS - 8 SP - 1469 EP - 1479 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Richts, Björn A1 - Hertel, Robert A1 - Potot, Sébastien A1 - Poehlein, Anja A1 - Daniel, Rolf A1 - Schyns, Ghislain A1 - Prágai, Zoltán A1 - Commichau, Fabian M. T1 - Complete Genome Sequence of the Prototrophic Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis Strain SP1 T2 - Microbiology Resource Announcements N2 - Here, we present the complete genome sequence of the Bacillus subtilis strain SP1. This strain is a descendant of the laboratory strain 168. The strain is suit- able for biotechnological applications because the prototrophy for tryptophan has been restored. Due to laboratory cultivation, the strain has acquired 24 additional sequence variations. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://mra.asm.org/content/9/32/e00825-20 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1128/MRA.00825-20 SN - 2576-098X VL - 9 IS - 32 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoffmann, Christin A1 - Thommes, Kirsten T1 - Combining Egalitarian and Proportional Sharing rules in Team Tournaments to Incentivize Energy-Efficient Behavior in a Principal-Agent Context T2 - Organization & Environment N2 - Triggering the energy-efficient behavior of agents in firms simultaneously decreases costs and mitigates CO2 emissions. If firms use team tournaments to increase energy-efficient behavior and thus employee performance, they may face unintended consequences, like a bifurcation effect: Individuals drop out if they believe that they cannot win the contest. By contrast, high-performing employees may overexert themselves. Additionally, some individuals might be tempted to free-ride. In a field experiment with truck drivers, we analyze whether proportional sharing of the bonus within teams based on individual effort instead of egalitarian sharing reduces both bifurcation and free-riding during team tournaments. Our results reveal that (1) the team contest improves performance; (2) this increase in performance is overall slightly stronger under the proportional than under the egalitarian sharing rule, using ceteris paribus comparisons; and (3) the performance increase is mainly driven by the team member performing worse. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1086026620945343 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/1086026620945343 SN - 1552-7417 VL - 35 (2022) IS - 2 SP - 307 EP - 331 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lackmann, Tim A1 - Kerstein, Alan R. A1 - Oevermann, Michael T1 - A representative linear eddy model for simulating spray combustion in engines (RILEM) T2 - Combustion and Flame N2 - The design of new combustion concepts for low emission, high efficiency internal combustion engines often leads to combustion under low temperature conditions. Under those conditions, the assumption of fast chemistry, which has been the cornerstone of many turbulent combustion models, is not strictly valid anymore and the validity and applicability of classical combustion models such as flamelet models might be limited. In this paper we present an updated version of a recently developed regime independent modeling approach for turbulent non-premixed combustion with an emphasis on applications to internal combustion engines. The model utilizes the mode- and regime-independent linear eddy model (LEM) as a combustion and micro-mixing model in a representative way. This is achieved by time advancing only one LEM realization representing the combustion process in the whole engine domain and coupling it to a RANS simulation with a presumed β-function PDF approach for the mixture fraction. The use of LEM rather than flamelet combustion closure has several benefits, an important one being regime independence. Additionally, LEM incorporates a physically based representation of the stochastic variability of turbulent eddy motions, implying an intrinsic representation of scalar dissipation rate fluctuations. In order to capture key features of engine spray-combustion environments, the LEM methodology is extended by introducing a conical LEM domain to approximate spray spatial development, fuel vapor input based on CFD-prescribed spray evaporation, and a representation of large scale turbulent motions distinct from the inertial-range turbulence that develops at smaller scales. The representative character of LEM states is evaluated by comparing mixture fraction statistics and scalar dissipation rates generated by LEM and the CFD. The performance and predictive capability of the model for typical engine applications is evaluated by simulating a standard test case – Spray B of the Engine Combustion Network (ECN) – and comparing the results with experimental data. The results demonstrate the capability of the model to represent the spray combustion process with reasonable accuracy but also reveal some limitations. The limitations and shortcomings of the model are discussed and an outlook for further development of the approach into a regime- and mode-independent combustion model for internal engine applications is given. KW - Turbulent combustion KW - Regime independent KW - Engine simulation KW - Linear eddy model Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2018.02.008 SN - 0010-2180 VL - 193 SP - 1 EP - 15 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Chen, Boxiong A1 - Oevermann, Michael T1 - An Eulerian stochastic field cavitation model coupled to a pressure based solver T2 - Computer and Fluids N2 - Probability density functions (PDF) and the relevant methods have been widely used to describe non-linear phenomena in the realm of turbulence modelling and CFD. In order to solve PDF transport equations, the main trend of previous studies rely on Monte Carlo method with Lagrangian particle tracking. However, as with any Lagrangian based approach, the scalability of the parallelized simulations of such method is less than satisfactory. An Eulerian stochastic field model has been presented recently by Dumond et al. [1] to simulate cavitating flows. Their model uses a fully compressible density based solver. Here we present an adapted version using an iso-thermal cavitation model adopting the homogeneous mixture assumption in a pressure based flow solver which is more relevant to engine simulations. A PDF method is used to represent a distribution of vapour volume fractions, based on which the Eulerian stochastic field (ESF) method is applied to perform a three-dimensional large eddy simulation (LES) of the cavitation phenomena inside an academic fuel injector configuration. The numerical model is based on a volume of fluids approach and coupled with a pressure based solver for the flow field, and is implemented in the framework of the open source C++ toolbox OpenFOAM. The result of the ESF simulation is compared against that from a typical single volume fraction solver for validation. Vortex structures and its correspondence to cavitation are shown, and the behaviour of the PDF at different probe locations at different times are acquired to demonstrate the potential of the ESF model in capturing both transient and stochastically steady cavitation. KW - Multiphase flow KW - Cavitation KW - Volume of fluid KW - Eulerian stochastic field method Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compfluid.2017.12.002 SN - 0045-7930 VL - 162 SP - 1 EP - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Movaghar, Amirreza A1 - Linne, Mark A1 - Herrmann, Marcus A. A1 - Kerstein, Alan R. A1 - Oevermann, Michael T1 - Modeling and numerical study of primary breakup under diesel conditions T2 - International Journal of Multiphase Flow N2 - A recently introduced stochastic model for reduced numerical simulation of primary jet breakup is evaluated by comparing model predictions to DNS results for primary jet breakup under diesel conditions. The model uses one-dimensional turbulence (ODT) to simulate liquid and gas time advancement along a lateral line of sight. This one-dimensional domain is interpreted as a Lagrangian object that is advected downstream at the jet bulk velocity, thus producing a flow state expressed as a function of streamwise and lateral location. Multiple realizations are run to gather ensemble statistics that are compared to DNS results. The model incorporates several empirical extensions of the original ODT model that represent the phenomenology governing the Weber number dependence of global jet structure. The model as previously formulated, including the assigned values of tunable parameters, is used here without modification in order to test its capability to predict various statistics of droplets generated by primary breakup. This test is enabled by the availability of DNS results that are suitable for model validation. Properties that are examined are the rate of bulk liquid mass conversion into droplets, the droplet size distribution, and the dependence of droplet velocities on droplet diameter. Quantities of greatest importance for engine modeling are found to be predicted with useful accuracy, thereby demonstrating a more detailed predictive capability by a highly reduced numerical model of primary jet breakup than has previously been achieved. KW - Spray KW - Primary breakup KW - Turbulence KW - One-dimensional turbulence KW - Direct numerical simulation (DNS) Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2017.09.002 SN - 0301-9322 VL - 98 SP - 110 EP - 119 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Noatschk, Katharina A1 - Martens, Christian A1 - Seibold, Götz T1 - Time-Dependent Gutzwiller Approximation: Theory and Applications T2 - Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism N2 - The time-dependent Gutzwiller approximation is rederived on the basis of a variational wave function which is a direct product of a Slater determinant and a coherent state. The latter can be related to the slave-boson formulation by Kotliar and Ruckenstein, and our approach offers a convenient way to generalize the theory towards the implementation of symmetry-broken states and the study of non-equilibrium phenomena. We discuss the concept with regard to applications in the linear response limit and for quenched antiferromagnetic order for which we evaluate the optical conductivity in non-equilibrium situations. KW - Hubbard model KW - Gutzwiller approximation KW - Non-equilibrium Y1 - 2020 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10948-019-05406-z#Sec1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10948-019-05406-z VL - 33 IS - 8 SP - 2389 EP - 2393 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gerber, Stephan A1 - Oevermann, Michael T1 - A two dimensional Euler-Lagrangian model of wood gasification in a charcoal bed — Particle histories T2 - Powder Technology N2 - An Euler-Lagrangian simulation applied to wood gasification in a fluidized bed is used to investigate individual particle histories and to provide a statistical analysis for temperature, apparent density as well as radial and axial positions of charcoal and dry wood particles. The model and several parameter variations have been discussed in detail in previous articles [1], [2], [3]. Based on simulation results we find much higher particle heating rates than typically used to measure kinetic data for, e.g., pyrolysis models. Although we presented a rather complex interplay of particle heating rate, biomass decomposition, particle shrinkage and particle fluidization the simulation results emphasize the importance of the usage of realistic particle size distributions for the initial bed as well as the fuel inlet. Furthermore, particle shrinkage data in combination with mass decomposition data appear to be crucial for realistic simulations. KW - Wood gasification KW - Pyrolysis KW - Discrete element KW - Fluidized bed KW - Charcoal bed KW - Euler-Lagrange Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2017.10.032 SN - 0032-5910 VL - 324 SP - 5 EP - 15 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Manzoni, Stefano A1 - Chakrawal, Arjun A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Schimel, Joshua P. A1 - Porporato, Amilcare A1 - Vico, Giulia T1 - Rainfall intensification increases the contribution of rewetting pulses to soil respiration T2 - Biogeosciences N2 - Soil drying and wetting cycles promote carbon (C) release through large heterotrophic respiration pulses at rewetting, known as the “Birch” effect. Empirical evidence shows that drier conditions before rewetting and larger changes in soil moisture at rewetting cause larger respiration pulses. Because soil moisture varies in response to rainfall, these respiration pulses also depend on the random timing and intensity of precipitation. In addition to rewetting pulses, heterotrophic respiration continues during soil drying, eventually ceasing when soils are too dry to sustain microbial activity. The importance of respiration pulses in contributing to the overall soil heterotrophic respiration flux has been demonstrated empirically, but no theoretical investigation has so far evaluated how the relative contribution of these pulses may change along climatic gradients or as precipitation regimes shift in a given location. To fill this gap, we start by assuming that heterotrophic respiration rates during soil drying and pulses at rewetting can be treated as random variables dependent on soil moisture fluctuations, and we develop a stochastic model for soil heterotrophic respiration rates that analytically links the statistical properties of respiration to those of precipitation. Model results show that both the mean rewetting pulse respiration and the mean respiration during drying increase with increasing mean precipitation. However, the contribution of respiration pulses to the total heterotrophic respiration increases with decreasing precipitation frequency and to a lesser degree with decreasing precipitation depth, leading to an overall higher contribution of respiration pulses under future more intermittent and intense precipitation. Specifically, higher rainfall intermittency at constant total rainfall can increase the contribution of respiration pulses up to ∼10 % or 20 % of the total heterotrophic respiration in mineral and organic soils, respectively. Moreover, the variability of both components of soil heterotrophic respiration is also predicted to increase under these conditions. Therefore, with future more intermittent precipitation, respiration pulses and the associated nutrient release will intensify and become more variable, contributing more to soil biogeochemical cycling. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/17/4007/2020/ U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4007-2020 VL - 17 IS - 15 SP - 4007 EP - 4023 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fuhrmann, Gregor T1 - Gefärbte Tasten. Zum Impressionismus in Claude Debussys "Préludes" für Klavier T2 - Üben & Musizieren N2 - Ein herkömmliches Klavier hat 36 schwarze und 52 weiße Tasten, die in der Regel nicht abfärben. Daran ändert sich auch nichts, wenn man auf ihnen eines der schillernden Klavierwerke Claude Debussys zum Klingen bringt. Und dennoch werden die Wenigsten nach einer Reise zu den Hügeln von Anacapri, ja sogar nach einem Spaziergang durch den Schnee ohne bunte Finger Abschied von der Tastatur nehmen können… KW - Debussy KW - Impressionismus KW - Klavier KW - Üben Y1 - 2011 SN - 0174-6065 IS - 3 SP - 6 EP - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fuhrmann, Gregor T1 - Das tastende Ohr – Visuelle Wahrnehmung und Inneres Hören T2 - Üben & Musizieren N2 - Musik ist eine klingende Kunst, die bekanntlich vor allem unseren Hörsinn anspricht. Dass allerdings auch das Auge dazu fähig ist, die unzähligen Striche und Punkte einer Partitur ohne Zuhilfenahme eines Instruments in unserem Kopf buchstäblich zum Klingen zu bringen, ist ein erstaunliches Phänomen, das unter Neurowissenschaftlern zunehmendes Interesse findet. Auf die Frage, wie man übt, wenn der Sehsinn plötzlich zu hören beginnt, möchte die Methode "Das tastende Ohr" einige Antworten geben. KW - Wahrnehmung KW - Mentales Üben KW - Inneres Hören KW - Das tastende Ohr KW - Neurologie Y1 - 2012 SN - 0174-6065 IS - 1 SP - 6 EP - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Alghamdi, Sultan A1 - Markovic, Uros A1 - Stanojev, Ognjen A1 - Schiffer, Johannes A1 - Hug, Gabriela A1 - Aristidou, Petros T1 - Wide-area oscillation damping in low-inertia grids under time-varying communication delays T2 - ScienceDirect N2 - Wide-Area Control (WAC) can be efficiently used for oscillation damping in power systems. However, to implement a WAC, a communication network is required to transmit signals between the generation units and the control center. In turn, this makes WAC vulnerable to time-varying communication delays that, if not appropriately considered in the control design, can destabilize the system. Moreover, with the increasing integration of renewable energy resources into the grid, usually interfaced via power electronics, power system dynamics are becoming drastically faster and making WAC more vulnerable to communication delays. In this paper, we propose a design procedure for a delay-robust wide-area oscillation damping controller for low-inertia systems. Its performance is illustrated on the well-known Kundur two-area system. The results indicate that the obtained WAC successfully improves the oscillation damping while ensuring robustness against time-varying communication delays. KW - Low-inertia systems KW - Oscillation damping KW - Time-varying communication delay KW - Wide-area control Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2020.106629 SN - 0378-7796 VL - 189 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Das, Chittaranjan A1 - Kot, Małgorzata A1 - Hellmann, Tim A1 - Wittich, Carolin A1 - Mankel, Eric A1 - Zimmermann, Iwan A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Nazeeruddin, Mohammad Khaja A1 - Jaegermann, Wolfram T1 - Atomic Layer-Deposited Aluminum Oxide Hinders Iodide Migration and Stabilizes Perovskite Solar Cells T2 - Cell Reports Physical Science N2 - Iodide migration causes degradation of the perovskite solar cells. Here,we observe the direct migration of iodide into the hole-transport layer in a device. We demonstrate that ultrathin room temperature atomic layer-deposited Al2O3 on the perovskite surface very effectively hinders the migration. The perovskite-Al2O3 interface enables charge transfer across the Al2O3 layer in the solar cells, without causing any drastic changes in the properties of the perovskite absorber. Furthermore, it helps to preserve the initial properties of the perovskite film during exposure to light and air under real operating conditions, and thus, improves the stability of the solar cells. The ultrathin Al2O3 layer deposited at room temperature significantly increases the lifetime of the perovskite solar cells, and we hope this may be a step toward the mass production of stable devices. KW - perovskite solar cells KW - iodine migration KW - stability KW - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) KW - atomic layer deposition (ALD) KW - aluminum oxide (Al2O3) Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrp.2020.100112 SN - 2666-3864 VL - 1 IS - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Förster, Stefan A1 - Schenk, Sebastian A1 - Zollner, Eva Maria A1 - Krahn, Oliver A1 - Chiang, Cheng-Tien A1 - Schumann, Florian O. A1 - Bayat, Alireza A1 - Schindler, Karl-Michael A1 - Trautmann, Martin A1 - Hammer, René A1 - Meinel, Klaus A1 - Adeagbo, Waheed A. A1 - Hergert, Wolfram A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo A1 - Falta, Jens A1 - Ellguth, Martin A1 - Tusche, Christian A1 - DeBoissieu, Marc A1 - Muntwiler, Matthias A1 - Gerber, Thomas A1 - Widdra, Wolf T1 - Quasicrystals and their Approximants in 2D Ternary Oxides T2 - Physia Status Solidi B N2 - 2D oxide quasicrystals (OQCs) are recently discovered aperiodic, but well-ordered oxide interfaces. In this topical review, an introduction to these new thin-film systems is given. The concept of quasicrystals and their approximants is explained for BaTiO3 and SrTiO3 derived OQCs and related periodic structures in these 2D oxides. In situ microscopy unravels the high-temperature formation process of OQCs on Pt(111). The dodecagonal structure is discussed regarding tiling statistics and tiling decoration based on the results of atomically resolved scanning tunneling microscopy and various diffraction techniques. In addition, angle-resolved ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results prove a metallic character of the 2D oxide. KW - approximants KW - dodecagonal oxide quasicrystals KW - oxide quasicrystals KW - tiling statistics Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pssb.201900624 SN - 0370-1972 SN - 1521-3951 VL - 257 IS - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rodríguez Mansilla, Francesc Gabriel A1 - Rué, Lourdes A1 - López, Laura T1 - Situating the communicative methodology of research in the context of public science T2 - International Review of Qualitative Research N2 - The communicative methodology of research (CMR) engages members of communities at risk of exclusion with researchers to jointly transform their social reality. The aim of this paper is to situate the CMR within the context of public science. First, we will provide a brief historical account of the relationship between science and the public. Next, we will examine the variety of “participatory activities and methods” in science that have flourished in the last decades. In the last two sections of this paper, we will show the main characteristics of the CMR, comparing and contrasting them with those of other participatory approaches. KW - public science KW - participatory action research KW - public engagement with science Y1 - 2013 UR - https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1525/irqr.2013.6.2.307 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1525/irqr.2013.6.2.307 SN - 1940-8455 VL - 6 IS - 2 SP - 307 EP - 322 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spitzer, Stefan G. A1 - Spitzer, H. H. A1 - Scholz, P. T1 - Die Verteilung atrialer Arrhythmien in Abhängigkeit von der Dokumentation einer schmalen Kammerkomplextachykardie bei Patienten mit typischer Tachykardieanamnese und unauffälligem Ruhe-EKG T2 - Herzschrittmacher Y1 - 1998 IS - 18 SP - 243 EP - 247 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spitzer, Stefan G. T1 - Pacing and ICD therapy in Germany (West and East) Before and After Reunification in 1989 T2 - Pace : Pacing and clinical electrophysiology Y1 - 1999 SN - 0147-8389 SN - 1540-8159 VL - 22 IS - 8 SP - 1248 EP - 1252 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spitzer, Stefan G. A1 - Richter, P. A1 - Knaut, M. A1 - Schüler, S. T1 - Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation in Open Heart Surgery. The Potential Role of Microwave Energy T2 - The Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeon Y1 - 1999 SN - 0946-4778 VL - 47 IS - Supplement 3 SP - 374 EP - 378 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spitzer, Stefan G. T1 - Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der klinischen Elektrophysiologie T2 - Wissenschaftliche Zeitschrift der Technischen Universität Dresden Y1 - 1999 SN - 0043-6925 VL - 48 IS - 1 SP - 30 EP - 35 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Karolyi, L. A1 - Ebert, H. A1 - Otto, T. A1 - Hansen, C. A1 - Spitzer, Stefan G. T1 - First Clinical Experiences with a Novel Non-Contact Mapping System T2 - Progress in Biomedical Research Y1 - 1999 SN - 1431-8202 VL - 4 IS - 4 SP - 427 EP - 430 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Otte, Kolja A1 - Kühne, Nora A1 - Furrer, Alexandra A1 - Lozada, Lina A1 - Lutz, Veronika A1 - Schilling, Tobias A1 - Hertel, Robert T1 - A CRISPR-Cas9 tool to explore the genetics of Bacillus subtilis phages T2 - Letters in Applied Microbiology N2 - Here we present pRH030, a new CRISPR-Cas9 tool for the genetic engineering of Bacillus phages and beyond. It is based on the Streptococcus pyogenes cas9 with its native constitutive promoter, tracrRNA, and a gRNA precursor. The constitutive expression of Cas9 was conducive to the inactivation of viral attackers and enhanced phage mutagenesis efficiency up to 100%. The gRNA precursor can be built-up to an artificial CRISPR array with up to 5 spacers (target sequences) assembled from ordinary oligonucleotides and directly cloned into pRH030. Required time and resources remain comparable to a single gRNA cloning. These properties make pRH030 an attractive new system for the modification of Bacillus phages and qualify it for research beyond genetic construction. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://sfamjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/lam.13349 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/lam.13349 SN - 1472-765X VL - 71 IS - 6 SP - 588 EP - 595 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Friedrich, Ines A1 - Hollensteiner, Jacqueline A1 - Schneider, Dominik A1 - Poehlein, Anja A1 - Hertel, Robert A1 - Daniel, Rolf T1 - First Complete Genome Sequences of Janthinobacterium lividum EIF1 and EIF2 and their Comparative Genome Analysis T2 - Genome Biology and Evolution N2 - We present the first two complete genomes of the Janthinobacterium lividum species, namely strains EIF1 and EIF2, which both possess the ability to synthesize violacein. The violet pigment violacein is a secondary metabolite with antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, and antitumoral properties. Both strains were isolated from environmental oligotrophic water ponds in Göttingen. The strains were phylogenetically classified by ANI analysis and showed a species assignment to Janthinobacterium lividum with 97.72% (EIF1) and 97.66% (EIF2) identity. These are the first complete genome sequences of strains belonging to the species Janthinobacterium lividum. The genome of strain EIF1 consists of one circular chromosome (6,373,589 bp) with a GC-content of 61.98%. The genome contains 5,551 coding sequences, 122 rRNAs, 93 tRNAs, and 1 tm-RNA. The genome of EIF2 comprises one circular chromosome (6,399,352 bp) with a GC-content of 61.63% and a circular plasmid p356839 (356,839 bp) with a GC-content of 57.21%. The chromosome encodes 5,691 coding sequences, 122 rRNAs, 93 tRNAs, and 1 tm-RNA and the plasmid harbors 245 coding sequences. In addition to the highly conserved chromosomally encoded violacein operon, the plasmid comprises a non-ribosomal peptide synthetase cluster (NRPS) with similarity to xenoamicin, which is a bioactive compound effective against protozoan parasites. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://academic.oup.com/gbe/article/doi/10.1093/gbe/evaa148/5870831 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evaa148 SN - 1759-6653 VL - 12 IS - 10 SP - 1782 EP - 1788 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Steil, Julia A1 - Hausladen, Georg T1 - Raumnutzung des Neuntöters Lanius collurio – Eine Habitatstrukturanalyse mit Vergleich zwischen Weideflächen und einem stillgelegten Truppen-übungsplatz in der Rhön T2 - Vogelwelt Y1 - 2012 SN - 0042-7993 VL - 133 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Holz, Ralph A1 - Hiller, Jens A1 - Amann, Johanna A1 - Razaghpanah, Abbas A1 - Jost, Thomas A1 - Vallina-Rodriguez, Narseo A1 - Hohlfeld, Oliver T1 - Tracking the deployment of TLS 1.3 on the Web: A story of experimentation and centralization T2 - ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3411740.3411742 SN - 0146-4833 VL - 50 IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Misa, Chris A1 - Guse, Dennis A1 - Hohlfeld, Oliver A1 - Durairajan, Ramakrishnan A1 - Sperotto, Anna A1 - Dainotti, Alberto A1 - Rejaie, Reza T1 - Lessons Learned Organizing the PAM 2020 Virtual Conference T2 - ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3411740.3411747 SN - 0146-4833 VL - 50 IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kunze, Ike A1 - Rüth, Jan A1 - Hohlfeld, Oliver T1 - Congestion Control in the Wild - Investigating Content Provider Fairness T2 - IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management N2 - Congestion control (CC) is an indispensable com-ponent of transport protocols to prevent congestion collapseas it distributes the available bandwidth among all competingflows, ideally in a fair manner. It thus has a large impact onperformance and there exists a constantly evolving set of CCalgorithms, each addressing different performance needs. Whilethe algorithms are commonly tested regarding the problemsunderlying their implementation, the interaction with existingalgorithms is often not considered. Additionally considering thefact that content providers (CPs) such as content distributionnetworks (CDNs) are known to tune TCP stacks for performancegains, the large assortment of algorithms opens the door for cus-tom parametrization and potentially unfair bandwidth sharing.In this paper, we thus empirically investigate if current Internettraffic generated by CPs still adheres to the conventional under-standing of fairness. For this, we compare fairness propertiesof testbed hosts to actual traffic of six major CPs subject todifferent queue sizes and queueing disciplines in a home-usersetting. Additionally, we investigate how mice and elephant flowsfrom the different CPs interact. We find that some employedCC algorithms lead to significantly asymmetric bandwidth sharesand very poor flow completion times for mice flows. Fortunately,AQMs such as FQ_CoDel are able to alleviate such unfairness. KW - TCP congestion control KW - Measurements KW - Contentdistribution networks Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TNSM.2019.2962607 SN - 1932-4537 VL - 17 IS - 2 SP - 1224 EP - 1238 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Caviedes-Voullième, Daniel A1 - Gerhard, Nils A1 - Sikstel, Aleksey A1 - Müller, Siegfried T1 - Multiwavelet-based mesh adaptivity with Discontinuous Galerkin schemes: Exploring 2D shallow water problems T2 - Advances in Water Resources N2 - In Gerhard et al. (2015a) a new class of adaptive Discontinuous Galerkin schemes has been introduced for shallow water equations, including the particular necessary properties, such as well-balancing and wetting-drying treatments. The adaptivity strategy is based on multiresolution analysis using multiwavelets in order to encode information across different mesh resolution levels. In this work, we follow-up on the previous proof-of-concept to thoroughly explore the performance, capabilities and weaknesses of the adaptive numerical scheme in the two-dimensional shallow water setting, under complex and realistic problems. To do so, we simulate three well-known and frequently used experimental benchmark tests in the context of flood modelling, ranging from laboratory to field scale. The real and complex topographies result in complex flow fields which pose a greater challenge to the adaptive numerical scheme and are computationally more ambitious, thus requiring a parallelised version of the aforementioned scheme. The benchmark tests allow to examine in depth the resulting adaptive meshes and the hydrodynamic performance of the scheme. We show that the scheme presented by Gerhard et al. (2015a) is accurate, i.e., allows to capture simultaneously large and very small flow structures, is robust, i.e., local grid refinement is controlled by just one parmeter that is auotmatically chosen and is more efficient in terms of the adaptive meshes than other shallow-water adaptive schemes achieving higher resolution with less cells. KW - Dynamic adaptive meshing KW - Multiresolution analysis KW - High-order schemes KW - Shallow water equation KW - Discontinuous Galerkin KW - Multiwavelets Y1 - 2020 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0309170819309121 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2020.103559 SN - 0309-1708 VL - 138 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Saskia M. A1 - John, Nancy A1 - Bilz, Ludwig T1 - Teachers’ self-efficacy in preventing and intervening in school bullying: A systematic review T2 - International Journal of Bullying Prevention N2 - Self-efficacy, commonly seen as an important competence for teachers when intervening in bullying, is a heterogeneous construct. Differences in the specific kinds of self-efficacy under review, its assessment, theoretical foundations, and the samples used when researching it generate diverse results that can be hard to integrate. This systematic review surveys existing literature on the extent of teachers’ self-efficacy in managing bullying and its connection to the likelihood that teachers will intervene in bullying, to their intervention strategies, and the prevention measures they employ, as well as students’ bullying behavior and their experiences of victimization. Thirty-six relevant publications based on 33 studies were included. The quality of their results was assessed, and their findings were systematized and are discussed here. Many studies are of low quality because of incomplete descriptions of underlying theoretical as well as methodological foundations. Almost all results are based on descriptive study designs. Consistent findings show that teachers generally feel confident in managing bullying and that teachers who are more confident intervene more often. Findings were mixed on the connections between teachers’ self-efficacy and intervention strategies, and the prevention measures they used, as well as students’ bullying behavior and experiences of victimization. It was also discovered that the connections between teachers’ self-efficacy and their prevention measures, their students’ bullying behavior, and collective efficacy in general have rarely been addressed in the literature. KW - School bullying KW - Teachers KW - Self-efficacy KW - Bullying prevention KW - Bullying intervention Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s42380-020-00079-y SN - 2523-3661 VL - 3(2021) IS - 3 SP - 196 EP - 212 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shrestha, Krishna Prasad A1 - Lhuillier, Charles A1 - Barbosa, Amanda Alves A1 - Brequigny, Pierre A1 - Contino, Francesco A1 - Mounaïm-Rousselle, Christine A1 - Seidel, Lars A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - An experimental and modeling study of ammonia with enriched oxygen content and ammonia/hydrogen laminar flame speed at elevated pressure and temperature T2 - Proceedings of the Combustion Institute N2 - Laminar flame speeds of ammonia with oxygen-enriched air (oxygen content varying from 21 to 30 vol.%) and ammonia-hydrogen-air mixtures (fuel hydrogen content varying from 0 to 30 vol.%) at elevated pressure (1–10 bar) and temperature (298–473 K) were determined experimentally using a constant volume combustion chamber. Moreover, ammonia laminar flame speeds with helium as an inert were measured for the first time. Using these experimental data along with published ones, we have developed a newly compiled kinetic model for the prediction of the oxidation of ammonia and ammonia-hydrogen blends in freely propagating and burner stabilized premixed flames, as well as in shock tubes, rapid compression machines and a jet-stirred reactor. The reaction mechanism also considers the formation of nitrogen oxides, as well as the reduction of nitrogen oxides depending on the conditions of the surrounding gas phase. The experimental results from the present work and the literature are interpreted with the help of the kinetic model derived here. The experiments show that increasing the initial temperature, fuel hydrogen content, or oxidizer oxygen content causes the laminar flame speed to increase, while it decreases when increasing the initial pressure. The proposed kinetic model predicts the same trends than experiments and a good agreement is found with measurements for a wide range of conditions. The model suggests that under rich conditions the N2H2 formation path is favored compared to stoichiometric condition. The most important reactions under rich conditions are: NH2+NH=N2H2+H, NH2+NH2=N2H2+H2, N2H2+H=NNH+H2 and N2H2+M=NNH+H+M. These reactions were also found to be among the most sensitive reactions for predicting the laminar flame speed for all the cases investigated. KW - Ammonia KW - Laminar flame speed KW - Kinetic modeling KW - Ammonia-hydrogen KW - NOx Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1540748920302881#! U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2020.06.197 SN - 1540-7489 VL - 2020 SP - 1 EP - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Issayev, Gani A1 - Giri, Binod Raj A1 - Elbaz, Ayman M. A1 - Shrestha, Krishna Prasad A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Roberts, William L. A1 - Farooq, Aamir T1 - Combustion behavior of ammonia blended with diethyl ether T2 - Proceedings of the Combustion Institute N2 - Ammonia (NH3) is recognized as a carbon-free hydrogen-carrier fuel with a high content of hydrogen atoms per unit volume. Recently, ammonia has received increasing attention as a promising alternative fuel for internal combustion engine and gas turbine applications. However, the viability of ammonia fueling future combustion devices has several barriers to overcome. To overcome the challenge of its low reactivity, it is proposed to blend it with a high-reactivity fuel. In this work, we have investigated the combustion characteristics of ammonia/diethyl ether (NH3/DEE) blends using a rapid compression machine (RCM) and a constant volume spherical reactor (CVSR). Ignition delay times (IDTs) of NH3/DEE blends were measured using the RCM over a temperature range of 620 to 942 K, pressures near 20 and 40 bar, equivalence ratios (Φ) of 1 and 0.5, and a range of mole fractions of DEE, χDEE, from 0.05 to 0.2 (DEE/NH3 = 5 – 20%). Laminar burning velocities of NH3/DEE premixed flames were measured using the CVSR at 298 K, 1 bar, Φ of 0.9 to 1.3, and χDEE from 0.1 to 0.4. Our results indicate that DEE promotes the reactivity of fuel blends resulting in significant shortening of the ignition delay times of ammonia under RCM conditions. IDTs expectedly exhibited strong dependence on pressure and equivalence ratio for a given blend. Laminar burning velocity was found to increase with increasing fraction of DEE. The burnt gas Markstein length increased with equivalence ratio for χDEE = 0.1 as seen in NH3-air flames, while the opposite evolution of Markstein length was observed with Φ for 0.1 < χDEE ≤ 0.4, as observed in isooctane-air flames. A detailed chemical kinetics model was assembled to analyze and understand the combustion characteristics of NH3/DEE blends. KW - Ammonia KW - Diethyl ether KW - Ignition delay times KW - Laminar flame speed Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2020.06.337 SN - 1540-7489 VL - 38 (2021) IS - 1 SP - 499 EP - 506 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ulrich, Hanna-Sophie A1 - Kohler, Emma A1 - Fach, Eva-Maria A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Richter, Matthias A1 - Mlinarić, Martin T1 - Healthcare needs among unaccompanied minor refugees: a study protocol of a qualitative study explaining access and utilisation across place and gender T2 - BMJ Open N2 - Introduction: Several studies have identified that unaccompanied minor refugees (UMRs) are allegedly ‘vulnerable’ and belong to a high-risk group in terms of psychological distress and post-traumatic stress disorder due to their preflight, periflight and postflight experiences. Psychosocial care (PSC) is of high importance for UMRs, but little is known about barriers to access and utilisation of PSC across place and gender. The aims of this gender-sensitive qualitative study will be to build on the existing body of literature and to provide qualitative evidence on the contexts and mechanisms of PSC for male and female UMRs in Germany by comparing two German regions. Methods and analysis: Following the study preparing realist review, a qualitative study will be undertaken in Berlin and Central German cities. Approximately 24 experts from the field of PSC and 12 lay UMRs will participate in face-to-face, semistructured interviews. Data will be transcribed and analysed based on the grounded theory research paradigm. Ethics and dissemination: Only participants who have been informed in both German and their native tongue and who have signed a declaration of consent will be included in the study. The study will comply rigorously with German data protection standards. Approval from the Ethical Review Committee at Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany has been obtained and granted. The results of the study will be presented at several conferences and will be published in high-quality, peer-reviewed international journals. The results will display a differentiated picture of the PSC of UMRs in Germany. Such knowledge is a precondition for a ‘science of change’ that translates explanations into practical recommendations on how to improve healthcare policies. KW - Healthcare KW - unaccompanied minor refugees KW - access KW - utilisation KW - gender Y1 - 2020 UR - https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/10/9/e038882 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038882 SN - 2044-6055 VL - 10 IS - 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kaman, Anne A1 - Ottová-Jordan, Veronika A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Sudeck, Gorden A1 - Moor, Irene A1 - Ravens-Sieberer, Ulrike T1 - Subjective health and well-being of children and adolescents in Germany – Cross-sectional results of the 2017/18 HBSC study T2 - Journal of Health Monitoring N2 - Subjective health is understood as a multidimensional construct that encompasses the physical, mental and social dimensions of a person’s well-being. Promoting the subjective health and well-being of children and adolescents has strong public health relevance because health impairments in childhood and adolescence are often associated with long- term health problems in adulthood. Therefore, it is very important to gain information about potential risk and resource factors involved. This article presents current prevalences for subjective health, life satisfaction and psychosomatic health complaints among children and adolescents in Germany aged 11, 13 and 15 years from the 2017/18 Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC) study (N=4,347, 53.0% girls). It also examines the sociodemographic and psychosocial factors that influence subjective well-being. Most children and adolescents provided positive ratings of their health and life satisfaction. Nevertheless, about one third of girls and one fifth of boys were affected by multiple psychosomatic health complaints. Impairments in subjective well-being were particularly evident in girls, older adolescents, young people with low levels of family affluence and those under a lot of pressure at school. In contrast, high family support was associated with better subjective well-being. These results illustrate the need for target group-specific prevention and health promotion measures aimed at improving the subjective health and well-being of children and adolescents. KW - subjective health KW - well-being KW - children and adolecents KW - HBSC study Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.rki.de/EN/Content/Health_Monitoring/Health_Reporting/GBEDownloadsJ/Focus_en/JoHM_03_2020_HBSC_Subjective_Health.pdf?__blob=publicationFile U6 - https://doi.org/10.25646/6899 SN - 2511-2708 VL - 5 IS - 3 SP - 7 EP - 20 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Saskia M. A1 - John, Nancy A1 - Melzer, Wolfgang A1 - Kaman, Anne A1 - Winter, Kristina A1 - Bilz, Ludwig T1 - Traditional bullying and cyberbullying among children and adolescents in Germany – Cross-sectional results of the 2017/18 HBSC study and trends T2 - Journal of Health Monitoring N2 - Bullying is a specific form of violence that can potentially lead to numerous and long-term negative health implications. Despite consistent coverage in the media, particularly on cyberbullying, as of yet there are only few representative findings on the frequency of (cyber)bullying in Germany. This article analyses how widespread bullying and cyberbullying were at schools in Germany in 2018, what differences exist between girls and boys, age groups and various types of schools, and changes in bullying trends between 2002 and 2018. Our findings are based on an analysis of the data provided by the 2017/18 cycle (N=4,347 students, 53.0% female) and previous cycles of the German Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study. In the 2018 cycle, boys reported having bullied other children more frequently than girls, but were bullied just as often. 15-year-olds reported having bullied other children more frequently than 11- to- 13-year-olds but reported being bullied less frequently. Students at grammar schools (Gymnasium) least frequently reported any involvement in bullying. Only few children and adolescents reported cases of cyberbullying. Compared to all previous survey years, 2018 saw the lowest number of children that reported having bullied others. However, reports of having been bullied have remained almost stable. The findings highlight the need for evidence-based prevention and intervention anti-bullying programmes and measures across all types of general education schools and age groups. KW - bullying KW - cyberbullying KW - frequency KW - prevalence KW - trends KW - school KW - violence Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.rki.de/EN/Content/Health_Monitoring/Health_Reporting/GBEDownloadsJ/Focus_en/JoHM_03_2020_HBSC_Bullying.pdf?__blob=publicationFile U6 - https://doi.org/10.25646/6902 SN - 2511-2708 VL - 5 IS - 3 SP - 54 EP - 68 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Moor, Irene A1 - Winter, Kristina A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Bucksch, Jens A1 - Finne, Emily A1 - John, Nancy A1 - Kolip, Petra A1 - Paulsen, Lisa A1 - Ravens-Sieberer, Ulrike A1 - Schlattmann, Marina A1 - Sudeck, Gorden A1 - Brindley, Catherina A1 - Kaman, Anne A1 - Richter, Matthias T1 - The 2017/18 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study – Methodology of the World Health Organization’s child and adolescent health study T2 - Journal of Health Monitoring N2 - The Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study is an international research project in collaboration with the World Health Organization (WHO) for over 35 years. HBSC is the largest study on child and adolescent health and one of the most important sources of data for the WHO’s international comparative health monitoring. Every four years, data on the health and health behaviour of students aged 11, 13 and 15, as well as the social contexts and conditions for growing up healthy, are collected. A total of 50 countries belong to the HBSC network, with 45 countries taking part in the 2017/18 survey. Germany has contributed to the HBSC surveys since 1993/94. For the most recent 2017/18 cycle, students at 146 schools in Germany were interviewed (response rate of schools: 15.6%). A net sample of n = 4,347 girls and boys was achieved for Germany (response rate: 52.7%). Participation was voluntary and the survey was conducted in German school years five, seven and nine (corresponding to ages 11, 13 and 15). A weighting procedure was applied to allow for representative findings on the health of children and adolescents in Germany. HBSC offers a valuable contribution to health monitoring and provides numerous starting points to identify needs, risk groups and fields of action to initiate targeted and actual needs-based measures of prevention and health promotion in the school setting. KW - adolescents KW - health behaviour KW - health monitoring KW - health determinants KW - HBSC Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.rki.de/EN/Content/Health_Monitoring/Health_Reporting/GBEDownloadsJ/ConceptsMethods_en/JoHM_03_2020_HBSC_Methodology.pdf?__blob=publicationFile U6 - https://doi.org/10.25646/6904 SN - 2511-2708 VL - 5 IS - 3 SP - 88 EP - 102 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Budroweit, Jan A1 - Müller, Steffen A1 - Jaksch, Mattis A1 - Alía, Rubén Gracia A1 - Coronetti, Andrea A1 - Kölpin, Alexander T1 - In-Situ Testing of a Multi-Band Software-Defined Radio Platform in a Mixed-Field Irradiation Environment T2 - Aerospace Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace6100106 SN - 2226-4310 VL - 6 IS - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ripperger, Simon A1 - Carter, Gerald G. A1 - Duda, Niklas A1 - Kölpin, Alexander A1 - Cassens, Björn A1 - Kapitza, Rüdiger A1 - Josic, Darija A1 - Berrío-Martínez, Jineth A1 - Page, Rachel A. A1 - Mayer, Frieder T1 - Vampire Bats that Cooperate in the Lab Maintain Their Social Networks in the Wild T2 - Current Biology Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2019.10.024 SN - 0960-9822 VL - 29 IS - 23 SP - 4139 EP - 4144.e4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Frank, Martin A1 - Scheiner, Benedict A1 - Lurz, Fabian A1 - Weigel, Robert A1 - Kölpin, Alexander T1 - Low-Cost Transmitarray Antenna Designs in V-Band based on Unit-Cells with 1 Bit Phase Resolution T2 - Frequenz Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/freq-2019-0140 SN - 2191-6349 SN - 0016-1136 VL - 73 IS - 11/12 SP - 355 EP - 366 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Scheiner, Benedict A1 - Michler, Fabian A1 - Lurz, Fabian A1 - Weigel, Robert A1 - Kölpin, Alexander T1 - Nothing Beats SNR: Single-Digit Micrometer Ranging Using a Low-Power CW Radar Featuring a Low-Weight 3D-Printed Horn Antenna T2 - IEEE microwave magazine Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/MMM.2019.2945150 SN - 1527-3342 SN - 1557-9581 VL - 21 IS - 1 SP - 88 EP - 95 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shi, Kilin A1 - Schellenberger, Sven A1 - Will, Christoph A1 - Steigleder, Tobias A1 - Michler, Fabian A1 - Fuchs, Jonas A1 - Weigel, Robert A1 - Ostgathe, Christoph A1 - Kölpin, Alexander T1 - A dataset of radar-recorded heart sounds and vital signs including synchronised reference sensor signals T2 - Scientific Data Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.15480/882.2830 SN - 2052-4463 VL - 7 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Duda, Niklas A1 - Ripperger, Simon A1 - Mayer, Frieder A1 - Weigel, Robert A1 - Kölpin, Alexander T1 - Low-Weight Noninvasive Heart Beat Detector for Small Airborne Vertebrates T2 - IEEE Sensors Letters Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/LSENS.2020.2971769 SN - 2475-1472 VL - 4 IS - 2 SP - 13053 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Budroweit, Jan A1 - Jaksch, Mattis A1 - Alía, Rubén Gracia A1 - Coronetti, Andrea A1 - Kölpin, Alexander T1 - Heavy Ion Induced Single Event Effects Characterization on an RF-Agile Transceiver for Flexible Multi-Band RawSpace Avidio Systems in Neonics T2 - Aerospace Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace7020014 SN - 2226-4310 VL - 7 IS - 14 SP - 1 EP - 19 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wilczek, Sebastian A1 - Schulze, Julian A1 - Brinkmann, Ralf Peter A1 - Donkó, Zoltan A1 - Trieschmann, Jan A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas T1 - Electron dynamics in low pressure capacitively coupled radio frequency discharges T2 - Journal of Applied Physics Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0003114.1 VL - 127 IS - 18 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hartmann, Carsten A1 - Neureither, Lara A1 - Sharma, Upanshu T1 - Coarse-graining of non-reversible stochastic differential equations: quantitative results and connections to averaging T2 - SIAM Journal on Mathematical Analysis Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1137/19M1299852 SN - 1095-7154 SN - 0036-1410 VL - 52 IS - 3 SP - 2689 EP - 2733 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Benner, Peter A1 - Breiten, Tobias A1 - Hartmann, Carsten A1 - Schmidt, Burkhard T1 - Model reduction of controlled Fokker-Planck and Liouville-von Neumann equations T2 - American Institute of Mathematical Sciences Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3934/jcd.2020001 SN - 2158-2491 SN - 2158-2505 VL - 7 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 33 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hartmann, Carsten A1 - Kebiri, Omar A1 - Neureither, Lara A1 - Richter, Lorenz T1 - Variational approach to rare event simulation using least-squares regression T2 - Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5090271 SN - 1089-7682 SN - 1054-1500 VL - 29 IS - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mishurova, Tatjana A1 - Sydow, Benjamin A1 - Thiede, Tobias A1 - Sizova, Irina A1 - Ulbricht, Alexander A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Bruno, Giovanni T1 - Residual Stress and Microstructure of a Ti-6Al-4V Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing Hybrid Demonstrator T2 - Metals Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/met10060701 SN - 2075-4701 VL - 6 IS - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nguyen, Lam A1 - Buhl, Johannes A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Continuous Eulerian tool path strategies for wire-arc additive manufacturing of rib-web structures with machine-learning-based adaptive void filling T2 - Additive Manufacturing Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addma.2020.101265 SN - 2214-8604 VL - Vol. 35 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hilger-Kolb, Jennifer A1 - Schneider, Sven A1 - Herr, Raphael A1 - Osenbruegge, Nina A1 - Hoffmann, Stephanie A1 - Herke, Max A1 - Pischke, Claudia R. A1 - Sundmacher, Leonie A1 - Diehl, Katharina T1 - Associations between contextual and compositional characteristics of early childcare facilities with health, health behaviours and well-being among young children aged 06 years: protocol for a scoping review T2 - BMJ Open N2 - Introduction: Early childhood is an important life stage which is crucial for determining health and health inequalities in later life. At the meso-level (institutional-level), early childcare facilities (eg, kindergartens, preschools) are the most important agent of socialisation next to families in young children aged 06 years. In recent years, an increasing amount of studies has focused on contextual and compositional characteristics of early childcare facilities and their association with health (eg, self-rated health), health behaviour (eg, physical activity) and well-being (eg, emotional well-being) in this age group. However, as currently no overview of the available literature on this topic exists, we will conduct a scoping review including various study designs (eg, cross-sectional studies, prospective studies, qualitative studies). Methods and analysis: We will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. A systematic search of the following scientific databases will be conducted: PubMed/Medline, PsycInfo, Sociological Abstracts, Education Resources Information Center and The Cochrane Library. During the selection process, we will follow a two-step process. First, two reviewers will independently screen titles/abstracts of all potentially eligible articles by applying a set of previously defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. After the completion of the title/abstract screening, full texts of the remaining articles will be screened following the same procedure. To determine inter-rater agreement between reviewers, we will calculate Cohen’s Kappa after both steps. Key characteristics (eg, country of origin, sample size, study design) of included articles will be extracted. We will map the evidence available by providing a summary table on the key characteristics extracted and by presenting the associations using various types of illustrations. Ethics and dissemination: Since no primary data will be collected for this review, ethical approval is not required. Our findings will be published in an international peer-reviewed journal and presented at national and international conferences. KW - childcare facilities KW - health KW - health behaviour KW - well-being KW - children KW - scoping review Y1 - 2020 UR - https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/10/9/e037038 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037038 SN - 2044-6055 VL - 10 IS - 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Özgen-Xian, Ilhan A1 - Kesserwani, Georges A1 - Caviedes-Voullième, Daniel A1 - Molins, Sergi A1 - Xu, Zexuan A1 - Dwivedi, Dipankar A1 - Moulton, J. David A1 - Steefel, Carl I. T1 - Wavelet-based local mesh refinement for rainfall–runoff simulations T2 - Journal of Hydroinformatics N2 - A wavelet-based local mesh refinement (wLMR) strategy is designed to generate multiresolution and unstructured triangular meshes from real digital elevation model (DEM) data for efficient hydrological simulations at the catchment scale. The wLMR strategy is studied considering slope- and curvature-based refinement criteria to analyze DEM inputs: the slope-based criterion uses bed elevation data as input to the wLMR strategy, whereas the curvature-based criterion feeds the bed slope data into it. The performance of the wLMR meshes generated by these two criteria is compared for hydrological simulations; first, using three analytical tests with the systematic variation in topography types and then by reproducing laboratory- and real-scale case studies. The bed elevation on the wLMR meshes and their simulation results are compared relative to those achieved on the finest uniform mesh. Analytical tests show that the slope- and curvature-based criteria are equally effective with the wLMR strategy, and that it is easier to decide which criterion to take in relation to the (regular) shape of the topography. For the realistic case studies: (i) slope analysis provides a better metric to assess the correlation of a wLMR mesh to the fine uniform mesh and (ii) both criteria predict outlet hydrographs with a close predictive accuracy to that on the uniform mesh, but the curvature-based criterion is found to slightly better capture the channeling patterns of real DEM data. KW - diffusion-wave hydrological modeling KW - multiresolution triangular mesh generation KW - overland flow at catchment scale KW - slope- vs. curvature-based topographic inputs KW - wavelet-based local mesh refinement Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2020.198 SN - 1464-7141 SN - 1465-1734 VL - 22 IS - 5 SP - 1059 EP - 1077 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Becker, Simon A1 - Hartmann, Carsten T1 - Infinite-dimensional bilinear and stochastic balanced truncation with explicit error bounds T2 - Mathematics of Control, Signals, and Systems Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00498-019-0234-8 SN - 1435-568X SN - 0932-4194 VL - 31 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Neudert, Regina A1 - Hecker, Lutz Philip A1 - Randrianarison, Henintsoa A1 - Kobbe, Susanne T1 - Are smallholders disadvantaged by 'double sell low, buy high' dynamics on rural markets in Madagascar? T2 - Development Southern Africa Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/0376835X.2020.1818550 SN - 1470-3637 VL - 38(2021) IS - 2 SP - 208 EP - 229 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Sizova, Irina A1 - Sydow, Benjamin A1 - Hemes, Susanne A1 - Meiners, Frank T1 - Hybrid manufacturing of components from Ti-6Al-4V by metal forming and wire-arc additive manufacturing T2 - Journal of Materials Processing Technology Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2020.116689 SN - 0924-0136 IS - Vol. 282 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gagliardi, Francesco A1 - Ambrogio, Giuseppina A1 - Conte, Romina A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Extruded joining elements manufactured by friction stir forming: an investigation of the process parameters T2 - The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-020-04992-w SN - 1433-3015 VL - 106 IS - 11-12 SP - 5559 EP - 5570 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Imran, Muhammad A1 - Afzal, Muhammad Junaid A1 - Buhl, Johannes A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Dunlap, Anthony A1 - Schwedt, Alexander A1 - Aretz, Anke A1 - Wang, Shuhan A1 - Lohmar, Johannes A1 - Hirt, Gerhard T1 - Evaluation of process-induced damage based on dynamic recrystallization during hot caliber rolling T2 - Production Engineering Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11740-019-00932-0 SN - 1863-7353 SN - 0944-6524 VL - 14 IS - 1 SP - 5 EP - 16 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Walter, Anja A1 - Kühn, Gernot T1 - „Learning out Loud“ – digitales social learning in der beruflichen Weiterbildung T2 - Pädagogik für Gesundheitsberufe KW - social learning KW - Weiterbildung KW - Gesundheitsberufe Y1 - 2019 SN - 1662-3029 VL - 6 IS - 2 SP - 157 EP - 162 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schöberl, Florian A1 - Pradhan, Cauchy A1 - Irving, Stephanie A1 - Buerger, Katharina A1 - Xiong, Guoming A1 - Kugler, Günter A1 - Kohlbecher, Stefan A1 - Engmann, Julia A1 - Werner, Philipp A1 - Brendel, Matthias A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Perneczky, Robert A1 - Jahn, Klaus A1 - Fougère, Christian la A1 - Bartenstein, Peter A1 - Brandt, Thomas A1 - Dietrich, Marianne A1 - Zwergal, Andreas T1 - Real-space navigation testing differentiates between amyloid-positive and -negative aMCI T2 - Neurology : official journal of the American Academy of Neurology Y1 - 2020 UR - https://n.neurology.org/content/94/8/e861 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000008758 SN - 1526-632X VL - 94 IS - 8 SP - e861 EP - e873 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schöberl, Florian A1 - Irving, Stephanie A1 - Pradhan, Cauchy A1 - Bardins, Stanislav A1 - Trapp, Christoph A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Kugler, Günter A1 - Bartenstein, Peter A1 - Dietrich, Marianne A1 - Brandt, Thomas A1 - Zwergal, Andreas T1 - Prolonged allocentric navigation deficits indicate hippocampal damage in TGA T2 - Neurology : official journal of the American Academy of Neurology N2 - Objective To investigate long-term recovery of allocentric and egocentric spatial orientation as a sensitive marker for hippocampal and extrahippocampal network function in transient global amnesia (TGA). Methods A group of 18 patients with TGA performed an established real-space navigation paradigm, requiring allo- and egocentric spatial orientation abilities, 3 days (postacute stage) and 3 months (follow-up) after symptom onset. Visual exploration behavior and navigation strategy were documented by a gaze-controlled, head-fixed camera. Allo- and egocentric spatial orientation performance was compared to that of 12 age-matched healthy controls. Navigation-induced brain activations were measured using [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose-PET in a subgroup of 8 patients in the postacute stage and compared to those of the controls. Results In the postacute stage, the patients navigated worse and had higher error rates than controls in allocentric (p = 0.002), but not in egocentric, route planning (p = 0.30), despite complete recovery of verbal (p = 0.58) and figural memory (p = 0.11). Until follow-up, allocentric navigation deficits improved, but higher error rates and reduced use of shortcuts persisted (p < 0.0001). Patients still exhibited relatively more fixations of unique landmarks during follow-up (p = 0.05). PET measurements during the postacute stage showed increased navigation-induced brain activations in the right hippocampus, bilateral retrosplenial, parietal, and mesiofrontal cortices, and cerebellar dentate nucleus in patients compared to controls (p < 0.005). Conclusions Patients with TGA show selective and prolonged deficits of allocentric spatial orientation. Activations in right hippocampal and extrahippocampal hubs of the cerebral navigation network functionally substitute for the deficit in creating and updating the internal cognitive map in TGA. Y1 - 2019 UR - https://n.neurology.org/content/92/3/e234/tab-article-info U6 - https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000006779 SN - 0028-3878 SN - 1526-632X VL - 92 IS - 3 SP - e234 EP - e243 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lehnen, Nadine A1 - Ramaioli, Cecilia A1 - Todd, Nicholas Sean A1 - Bartl, Klaus A1 - Kohlbecher, Stefan A1 - Jahn, Klaus A1 - Schneider, Erich T1 - Clinical and video head impulses: a simple bedside test in children T2 - Journal of Neurology KW - Head Velocity KW - Head Impulse KW - Head Impulse Testing KW - Rotational Chair KW - Vestibular Function Test Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-017-8450-y SN - 1432-1459 VL - 264 IS - 5 SP - 1002 EP - 1004 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grill, Eva A1 - Heuberger, Maria A1 - Strobl, Ralf A1 - Saglam, Murat A1 - Holle, Rolf A1 - Linkohr, Birgit A1 - Ladwig, Karl-Heinz A1 - Peters, Annette A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Jahn, Klaus A1 - Lehnen, Nadine T1 - Prevalence, determinants, and consequences of vestibular hypofunction. results from the kora-ff4 survey T2 - Frontiers in Neurology N2 - Objective: Uni- or bilateral vestibular hypofunction (VH) impairs balance and mobility, and may specifically lead to injury from falls and to disability. The extent of this problem in the general population is still unknown and most likely to be underestimated. Objective of this study was to determine the prevalence, determinants, and consequences of VH in the general population. Methods: Data originates from the cross-sectional second follow-up (FF4) in 2013/14 of the KORA (Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg)-S4 study (1999–2001) from Southern Germany. This was a random sample of the target population consisting of all residents of the region aged 25–74 years in 1999. We included all participants who reported moderate or severe vertigo or dizziness during the last 12 months and a random sub-sample of participants representative for the general population without vertigo or dizziness during the last 12 months were tested. VH was assessed with the Video-Head Impulse Test (vHIT). Trained examiners applied high-acceleration, small-amplitude passive head rotations (“head impulses”) to the left and right in the plane of the horizontal semicircular canals while participants fixated a target straight ahead. During head impulses, head movements were measured with inertial sensors, eye movements with video-oculography (EyeSeeCam vHIT). Results: A total of 2,279 participants were included (mean age 60.8 years, 51.6% female), 570 (25.0%) with moderate or severe vertigo or dizziness during the last 12 months. Of these, 450 were assessed with vHIT where 26 (5.8%) had unilateral VH, and 16 (3.6%) had bilateral VH. Likewise, 190 asymptomatic participants were tested. Of these 5 (2.6%) had unilateral VH, and 2 (1.1%) had bilateral VH. Prevalence of uni- or bilateral VH among tested symptomatic participants was 2.4% in those < 48 years, and 32.1% in individuals aged 79 and over. Age-adjusted prevalence was 6.7% (95% CI 4.8%; 8.6%). VH was associated with worse health, falls, hearing loss, hearing impairment, and ear pressure. Conclusion: VH may affect between 53 and 95 million adults in Europe and the US. While not all affected persons will experience the full spectrum of symptoms and consequences, adequate diagnostic and therapeutic measures should become standard of care to decrease the burden of disease. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2018.01076 SN - 1664-2295 VL - 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lange, Felix A1 - Ernst, Owen C. A1 - Teubner, Thomas A1 - Richter, Carsten A1 - Schmidbauer, Martin A1 - Skibitzki, Oliver A1 - Schroeder, Thomas A1 - Schmidt, Peer A1 - Boeck, Torsten T1 - In-plane growth of germanium nanowires on nanostructured Si(001)/SiO2 substrates T2 - Nano Futures N2 - Germanium (Ge) nanowires (NWs) were grown in-plane on nano-structured Si(001)/SiO2 substrates by molecular beam epitaxy using gold (Au) as the solvent. The site-selective NW growth was enabled by a rectangular array of gold droplets on silicon (Si) tips with an Au nuclei density below 0.25 μm−2 on the surrounding silicon oxide (SiO2). The initial growth of Ge NWs starting from Si–Au droplets with SixGe1−x nucleation from ternary alloy is discussed from a thermodynamic point of view. The in-plane NW elongation occurred within ⟨110⟩ directions on the substrate and NWs were mainly bounded by two 55◦ inclined 111 facets and a less pronounced planar (001) top facet. Fully relaxed crystal lattices of Ge NWs were observed from two-dimensional reciprocal space maps of x-ray diffraction measurements. KW - Crystal growth KW - Silicon KW - Germanium KW - Phase diagram Y1 - 2020 UR - https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2399-1984/ab82a0 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/2399-1984/ab82a0 SN - 2399-1984 VL - 4 IS - 3 SP - 1 EP - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Heinemann, Robert A1 - Schmidt, Peer T1 - Crystal Growth by Chemical Vapor Transport: Process Screening by Complementary Modeling and Experiment T2 - Crystal Growth & Design N2 - Despite chemical vapor transport (CVT) being a widely used method for crystal growth of inorganic substances, detailed mechanistic studies on the course of the crystallization process are rather few. In this study, an elaborated experimental screening run combined with sophisticated modeling of the respective heterogeneous equilibria is presented: Crystal growth of germanium by vapor transport with the addition of iodine has been chosen as a model system for validation of the applied method spectrum. In order to record the course and the interplay of heterogeneous equilibrium and non-equilibrium reactions in the system Ge–I, the experimental setup of high-temperature gas-balance (HTGB) is applied. Additionally, the observed evaporation processes are compared with saturation curves of corresponding volatile substances and, thus, can be assigned to individual species within the system. In this experimental screening, a phase sequence means to examine how the condensed phases undergo iodine depletion and how the gaseous phase undergoes a germanium enrichment when the temperature is increased. This phase screening combined with annealing experiments in the course of the phase sequence helps to analyze stepwise non-equilibrium products and to identify the characteristic species. Subsequently, for the evaluation of the composition of the gaseous phase, and for the deduction of the vapor transport mechanism, thermodynamic modeling by the CalPhaD method is performed. For the reference system, it is confirmed that iodine does not act as the transport agent. Instead, GeI4 is responsible for the volatilization of germanium, forming GeI2. Nevertheless, investigations clearly illustrate how GeI4 forms naturally in the phase sequence in the system Ge–I, which makes direct addition of it unnecessary. The recommended temperature range for vapor transport of germanium spans from 460 to 800 °C. Modeling shows that migration rates for germanium reaches a maximum at a mean temperature between 540 and 550 °C. Finally, vapor transport experiments were performed from 565 to 515 °C and from 690 to 590 °C. By increasing the deposition temperature, a slight decrease of the migration rate was observed, though a positive impact on the crystal’s morphology was also found. KW - Crystal growth KW - Chemical vapor transport KW - High-temperature Gas-balance KW - Thermodynamic modeling KW - Phase barogram KW - Germanium Y1 - 2020 UR - https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.cgd.0c00679 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.cgd.0c00679 SN - 1528-7505 SN - 1528-7483 VL - 20 IS - 9 SP - 5986 EP - 6000 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hasanuzzaman, Gazi A1 - Merbold, Sebastian A1 - Cuvier, Christophe A1 - Motuz, Vasyl A1 - Foucaut, Jean-Marc A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Experimental investigation of turbulent boundary layers at high Reynolds number with uniform blowing, part I: statistics T2 - Journal of Turbulence N2 - Uniform blowing in wall bounded shear flows is well known for its drag reducing effects and has long been investigated ever since. However, many contemporary and former research on this topic has confirmed the drag reducing effect but very less is known regarding how blowing is effecting the Reynolds stresses at high Reynolds number. Therefore, effect of uniform blowing has been experimentally investigated using Stereo Particle Image Velocimetry (SPIV) measurements in a zero pressure gradient turbulent boundary layer (TBL). The data presented in this literature covers a large range of high Reynolds number flow e.g. Reθ = 7500∼19763 where Reynolds number is based on the momentum thickness. Upstream blowing was varied from 1%∼6% of free stream velocity and measurements were taken downstream after a short interval. Logarithmic and outer region of the TBL was given special attention in terms of investigating statistics and turbulence properties. KW - Turbulent boundary layers KW - drag reduction KW - flow control KW - particle image velocimetry KW - uniform blowing Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14685248.2020.1740239 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/14685248.2020.1740239 SN - 1468-5248 N1 - European High-Performance Infrastructures in Turbulence (EuHIT, FP7-INFRASTRUCTURES-2012-1) IS - 3 SP - 129 EP - 165 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Akins, Paul T. A1 - Feldman, Harvey A. A1 - Zoble, Robert G. A1 - Newman, David A1 - Spitzer, Stefan G. A1 - Diener, Hans-Christoph A1 - Albers, Gregory W. T1 - Secondary Stroke Prevention With Ximelagatran Versus Warfarin in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation T2 - Stroke : journal of the American Heart Association Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.0000258004.64840.0b SN - 1524-4628 SN - 0039-2499 VL - 38 IS - 3 SP - 874 EP - 880 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Brachmann, Johannes A1 - Lewalter, Thorsten A1 - Kuck, Karl-Heinz A1 - Andresen, Dietrich A1 - Willems, Stephan A1 - Spitzer, Stefan G. A1 - Straube, Florian A1 - Schumacher, Burghard A1 - Eckardt, Lars A1 - Danilovic, Dejan A1 - Dierk, Thomas A1 - Hochadel, Matthias A1 - Senges, Jochen T1 - Long-term symptom improvement and patient satisfaction following catheter ablation of supraventricular tachycardia: insights from the German ablation registry T2 - European Heart Journal Y1 - 2017 UR - https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/article/38/17/1317/3074208 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehx101 SN - 1522-9645 VL - 38 IS - 17 SP - 1317 EP - 1326 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jurischka, Christoph A1 - Dinter, Franziska A1 - Efimova, Anastasia A1 - Weiss, Romano A1 - Schiebel, Juliane A1 - Schulz, Christian A1 - Fayziev, Bekzodjon A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Rödiger, Stefan T1 - An explorative study of polymers for 3D printing of bioanalytical test systems T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - Background: The 3D printing is relevant as a manufacturing technology of functional models for forensic, pharmaceutical and bioanalytical applications such as drug delivery systems, sample preparation and point-of-care tests. Objective: Melting behavior and autofluorescence of materials are decisive for optimal printing and applicability of the product which are influenced by varying unknown additives. Methods: We have produced devices for bioanalytical applications from commercially available thermoplastic polymers using a melt-layer process. We characterized them by differential scanning calorimetry, fluorescence spectroscopy and functional assays (DNA capture assay, model for cell adhesion, bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation test). Results: From 14 tested colored, transparent and black materials we found only deep black acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) and some black polylactic acid (PLA) useable for fluorescence-based assays, with low autofluorescence only in the short-wave range of 300-400 nm. PLA was suitable for standard bioanalytical purposes due to a glass transition temperature of approximately 60°C, resistance to common laboratory chemicals and easy print processing. For temperature-critical methods, such as hybridization reactions up to 90°C, ABS was better suited. Conclusions: Autofluorescence was not a disadvantage per se but can also be used as a reference signal in assays. The rapid development of individual protocols for sample processing and analysis required the availability of a material with consistent quality over time. For fluorescence-based assays, the use of commercial standard materials did not seem to meet this requirement. KW - Thermal analysis KW - 3D Printing Y1 - 2020 UR - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31929149/ U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-190713 SN - 1875-8622 VL - 75 IS - 1 SP - 57 EP - 84 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dong, Jiwu A1 - Li, Zheng A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Ciupack, Yvonne T1 - Reinforcement of Fatigue Damaged Steel Structures Using CFRP Lamellas - Part 3: Numerical Simulation T2 - Bauingenieur Y1 - 2020 SN - 0005-6650 SN - 1436-4867 VL - 96 IS - 10 SP - 362 EP - 368 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sharma, Sparsh A1 - Sarradj, Ennes A1 - Schmidt, Heiko T1 - Stochastic modelling of leading-edge noise in time-domain using vortex particles T2 - Journal of Sound and Vibration Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2020.115656 SN - 0022-460X VL - Vol. 488 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knaut, M. A1 - Spitzer, Stefan G. A1 - Karolyi, L. A1 - Ebert, H.-H. A1 - Richter, P. A1 - Tugtekin, Sems M. A1 - Schuler, S. T1 - Intraoperative Microwave Ablation for Curative Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation in Open Heart Surgery - The MICRO-STAF and MICRO-PASS Pilot Trial T2 - The thoracic and cardiovascular surgeon N2 - Concomitant microwave ablation for curative treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) was performed in 18 patients with history of chronic atrial fibrillation and indication for open heart surgery, 11 patients with mitral valve replacement and 7 patients with coronary artery bypass grafting. There were no perioperative complications. During the postoperative period most of the patients had intermittent AF, they received low dose Sotalol therapy and electric cardio-versions. Up to now seven patients have reached follow-up day 90. One patient has persistent AF. Two patients had typical atrial flutter that was electrically converted to sinus rhythm (SR), isthmus ablation is planned. The other four patients have SR, one patient without cardioversions. These four patients show recovered atrial function with observed A-wave for transmitral flow. Under visual guidance the continuous atrial lesion lines could be induced effectively and safely by the intraoperative device Lynx. KW - Atrial fibrillation KW - Intraoperative microwave ablation Y1 - 1999 UR - https://www.thieme-connect.com/products/ejournals/abstract/10.1055/s-2007-1013205 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-1013205 SN - 1439-1902 SN - 0171-6425 VL - 47 IS - Suppl. 3 SP - 379 EP - 384 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Graf, Patricia A1 - Jacobsen, Heike T1 - Institutional Work in the Transformation of the German Energy Sector T2 - Utilities Policy N2 - Two European and German policies – one transitioning to sustainable energy and the other enhancing competi- tion – strained the German electricity sector's organizational structures, which had been designed for network stability and a secure supply. Digital technologies and the new business models were important factors in these changes. Based on qualitative interviews, we analyze how changes caused by liberalization and energy-transi- tion policies are related to the internal organizational changes at publicly owned energy providers. While some companies legitimate new forms of work organization and employment, thereby disrupting old institutions, oth- ers block internal change with reference to the external institutional framework. KW - Energy Transition KW - Work Organisation KW - Institutional Work Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0957178720301016?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jup.2020.101107 SN - 0957-1787 VL - 68 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Elbaz, Ayman M. A1 - Giri, Binod Raj A1 - Issayev, Gani A1 - Shrestha, Krishna Prasad A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Farooq, Aamir A1 - Roberts, William L. T1 - Experimental and Kinetic Modeling Study of Laminar Flame Speed of Dimethoxymethane and Ammonia Blends T2 - Energy & Fuels N2 - Ammonia (NH3) is considered a promising carbon-neutral fuel, with a high hydrogen content, that can diversify the global energy system. Blending ammonia with a highly reactive fuel is one possible strategy to enhance its combustion characteristics. Here, an investigation of blends of NH3 and dimethoxymethane (DMM), a biofuel with high fuel-born oxygen content and no carbon–carbon bonds, is reported. Unstretched laminar burning velocity (SL) and Markstein length of different NH3/DMM blends were experimentally determined using spherically propagating premixed flames. The DMM mole fraction was varied from 0.2 to 0.6 while measuring SL at 298 K, 0.1 MPa, and equivalence ratios (Φ) over the range of 0.8–1.3. The addition of DMM was found to immensely enhance the combustion characteristics of ammonia. DMM 20% (by mole fraction) in the NH3/DMM blend increased SL by more than a factor of 3 over neat ammonia; such enhancement was found to be comparable to 60% CH4 in NH3 (Φ = 0.9–1.1) blends. Increasing Φ was found to significantly decrease the burned gas Markstein length for lean cases, whereas a negligible effect was observed for rich mixtures. A composite chemical kinetic model of DMM/NH3, aimed at interpreting the high-temperature combustion chemistry, was able to reliably predict SL for neat NH3 and DMM flames. Also, the predictive capability of the kinetic model to describe SL for DMM/NH3 blends is reasonably good. Sensitivity analysis and reaction path analysis indicated that the NH3/DMM blends could be understood as dual oxidation processes of the individual fuels that are competing for the same radical pool. KW - Ammonia KW - Dimethoxymethane KW - Laminar flame speed KW - Kinetic modeling Y1 - 2020 UR - https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c02269 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c02269 SN - 1520-5029 VL - 34 IS - 11 SP - 14727 EP - 14740 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Frese, Tobias A1 - Geiger, Ingmar A1 - Dost, Florian T1 - An empirical investigation of determinants of effectual and causal decision logics in online and high-tech start-up firms T2 - Small Business Economics Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-019-00147-8 SN - 1573-0913 VL - 54 IS - 3 SP - 641 EP - 664 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Lorenzana, Jose T1 - Nonequilibrium dynamics from BCS to the bosonic limit T2 - Physical Review B N2 - Within the time-dependent Gutzwiller approximation applied to the negative-U Hubbard model, we investigate the dynamics of a superconductor after an interaction quench for different values of the final interaction from weak to strong coupling. The equilibrium BCS-BEC crossover becomes a sharp transition in the out-of-equilibrium dynamics between weak- and strong-coupling dynamical phases. Two different frequencies (ΩJ<ΩU) dominate the order parameter dynamics. In the weak coupling phase, ΩJ follows twice the asymptotic average value of the gap (ΩJ≈2Δ∞) and ΩU is much larger but hardy visible in the anomalous density. At long times the BCS dynamics is recovered but surprisingly differences remain during the transient phase. In the strong coupling phase, the dynamics decouples from the asymptotic value of the order parameter except at exactly half filling and close to the dynamical transition where ΩU≈2Δ∞. The out-of-equilibrium transient spectral density and optical conductivity are presented and discussed in relation to pump probe experiments. Both ΩJ and ΩU give rise to a complex structure of self-driven slow Rabi oscillations which are visible in the nonequilibrium optical conductivity where also sidebands appear due to the modulation of the double occupancy by superconducting amplitude oscillations. Analogous results apply to CDW and SDW systems. Our results show that in systems with long coherence times, pump-probe experiments allow us to characterize the regime (BCS vs preformed pairs) through very specific out-of-equilibrium fingerprints. KW - BEC-BCS crossover KW - Superconductivity fluctuations KW - Superconductivity Y1 - 2020 UR - https://journals.aps.org/prb/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevB.102.144502 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.102.144502 SN - 2469-9969 VL - 102 IS - 14 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dost, Florian A1 - Sievert, Jens A1 - Kassim, David T1 - Revisiting firm-created word of mouth: High-value versus low-value seed selection T2 - International Journal of Research in Marketing Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijresmar.2016.01.002 SN - 0167-8116 VL - 33 IS - 1 SP - 236 EP - 239 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tarrahi, Farid A1 - Eisend, Martin A1 - Dost, Florian T1 - A meta-analysis of price change fairness perceptions T2 - International Journal of Research in Marketing Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijresmar.2015.10.004 SN - 0167-8116 VL - 33 IS - 1 SP - 199 EP - 203 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Geiger, Ingmar A1 - Dost, Florian A1 - Schönhoff, Alejandro A1 - Kleinaltenkamp, Michael T1 - Which types of multi-stage marketing increase direct customers’ willingness-to-pay? Evidence from a scenario-based experiment in a B2B setting T2 - Industrial Marketing Management Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2015.02.042 SN - 0019-8501 VL - 47 IS - 2 SP - 175 EP - 189 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maier, Erik A1 - Wilken, Robert A1 - Dost, Florian T1 - The double benefits of consumer certainty: combining risk and range effects T2 - Marketing Letters Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11002-014-9282-5 SN - 1573-059X VL - 26 IS - 4 SP - 473 EP - 488 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dost, Florian T1 - A non-linear causal network of marketing channel system structure T2 - Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2014.11.005 SN - 0969-6989 VL - 23 SP - 49 EP - 57 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dost, Florian A1 - Wilken, Robert A1 - Eisenbeiß, Maik A1 - Skiera, Bernd T1 - On the Edge of Buying – A Targeting Approach Based on Consumers’ Willingness-to-pay Ranges T2 - Journal of Retailing Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretai.2014.03.007 SN - 0022-4359 VL - 90 IS - 3 SP - 393 EP - 407 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dost, Florian A1 - Wilken, Robert T1 - Measuring Willingness to Pay as a Range, Revisited: When Should We Care? T2 - International Journal of Research in Marketing Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijresmar.2011.09.003 SN - 0167-8116 VL - 29 IS - 2 SP - 148 EP - 166 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fink, Thomas A1 - Metzner, Andreas A1 - Willems, Stephan A1 - Eckardt, Lars A1 - Ince, Hüseyin A1 - Brachmann, Johannes A1 - Spitzer, Stefan G. A1 - Deneke, Thomas A1 - Schmitt, Claus A1 - Hochadel, Matthias A1 - Senges, Jochen A1 - Rillig, Andreas T1 - Procedural success, safety and patients satisfaction after second ablation of atrial fibrillation in the elderly: results from the German Ablation Registry T2 - Clinical Research in Cardiology volume KW - Catheter ablation, Atrial fibrillation, Elderly, Repeat ablation Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s00392-019-01471-5 SN - 1861-0692 SN - 1861-0684 VL - 108 SP - 1354 EP - 1363 CY - Springer Nature ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zylla, Maura M. A1 - Brachmann, Johannes A1 - Lewalter, Thorsten A1 - Kuck, Karl-Heinz A1 - Andresen, Dietrich A1 - Willems, Stephan A1 - Spitzer, Stefan G. A1 - Straube, Florian A1 - Schumacher, Burghard A1 - Eckardt, Lars A1 - Hochadel, Matthias A1 - Senges, Jochen A1 - Katus, Hugo A. A1 - Dierk, Thomas T1 - Symptomatic arrhythmias after catheter ablation of atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT): results from the German Ablation Registry T2 - Clinical Research in Cardiology KW - Catheter ablation, AVNRT, Complications, Registry, Long-term follow-up Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s00392-019-01576-x SN - 1861-0692 SN - 1861-0684 VL - 109 IS - 10 SP - 858 EP - 868 PB - Springer Nature Switzerland AG ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dost, Florian A1 - Phieler, Ulrike A1 - Haenlein, Michael A1 - Libai, Barak T1 - Seeding as Part of the Marketing Mix: Word-of-Mouth Program Interactions for Fast Moving Consumer Goods T2 - Journal of Marketing Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/0022242918817000 SN - 0022-2429 VL - 83 IS - 2 SP - 62 EP - 81 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Söllner, Johanna A1 - Dost, Florian T1 - Exploring the Selective Use of Ad Blockers and Testing Banner Appeals to Reduce Ad Blocking T2 - Journal of Advertising Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/00913367.2019.1613699 SN - 1557-7805 VL - 48 IS - 3 SP - 302 EP - 312 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pannhorst, Matthias A1 - Dost, Florian T1 - Marketing innovations to old-age consumers: A dynamic Bass model for different life stages T2 - Technological Forecasting and Social Change Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2018.12.022 SN - ‎0040-1625 VL - 140 IS - 2 SP - 315 EP - 327 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dost, Florian A1 - Maier, Erik T1 - E-Commerce Effects on Energy Consumption – A Multi-Year Ecosystem-Level Assessment T2 - Journal of Industrial Ecology Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/jiec.12639 SN - 1530-9290 VL - 22 IS - 4 SP - 799 EP - 812 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maier, Erik A1 - Dost, Florian T1 - Fluent Contextual Image Backgrounds Enhance Mental Imagery and Evaluations of Experience Products T2 - Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2018.09.006 SN - 0969-6989 VL - 45 SP - 207 EP - 220 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maier, Erik A1 - Dost, Florian T1 - The positive effect of contextual image backgrounds on fluency and liking T2 - Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2017.09.003 SN - 0969-6989 VL - 40 SP - 109 EP - 116 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dost, Florian A1 - Geiger, Ingmar T1 - Value-based pricing in competitive situations with multi-product price-response maps T2 - Journal of Business Research Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2017.01.004 SN - 0148- 2963 VL - 76 SP - 219 EP - 236 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bogodistov, Yevgen A1 - Dost, Florian T1 - Proximity Begins with a Smile, But Which One? Associating Non-duchenne Smiles with Higher Psychological Distance T2 - Frontiers in Psychology Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01374 SN - 1664-1078 IS - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Xu, Wenchao A1 - Harlander, Uwe T1 - Inertial mode interactions in a rotating tilted cylindrical annulus with free surface T2 - Physical Review Fluids Y1 - 2020 UR - https://journals.aps.org/prfluids/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.5.094801 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.5.094801 SN - 2469-990X VL - 5 IS - 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jung, Friedrich T1 - COVID-19 T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - The pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a disease caused by a novel coronavirus (CoV), SARS-CoV-2, is causing substantial morbidity and mortality. The etiology of this illness is now attributed to a novel virus belonging to the coronavirus (CoV) family. An epidemic of cases with respiratory infections detected in Wuhan, China, was first reported to the WHO Country Office in China, on December 31, 2019. This new virus seems to be very contagious and has quickly spread globally. The estimate for severe cases was approximated at 5% based on experience from China. However, the World Health Organization’s (WHO) estimate from China for severe and critical cases is near 20% [2]. Older age seems to be the highest risk for death. Mortality data from Oxford COVID-19 Evidence Service (25/3/20) indicates a risk of mortality of 3.6% for people in their 60 s, which increases to 8.0% for people older than 70 and to 14.8% for people over 80 s [3]. In addition, a very recent epidemiological study could show that already a small increase in long-term exposure to fine particular matter leads to a 20-times increase in COVID-19 death rate [4], showing that it is not only age and previous illnesses that predispose, but also the environmental conditions. In addition to respiratory disease, cardiovascular complications are reported to be a key threat in COVID-19 [5, 6]. In a second Editorial, F. Wenzel exposes this pandemic from a historical and socio-political perspective in a very interesting article [7]. In a feature about the European – Asian perspective Jung et al. present the development of COVID-19 in Germany and show a way to predict the time point at which no further new infections will occur using Normalized Case Number Curves (plateau day) [8]. Upon reaching the plateau day during a lockdown phase, a residual time-period of about 2-3 weeks can be utilized to prepare a safe unlocking period. First experiences with abdominal contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) examinations are presented by the group of E.M. Jung [6]. In the stage of an imminent organ failure with significantly reduced kidney and liver function and microcirculation, CEUS can be used to show a narrowing of the organ-supplying arteries, as well as a delayed capillary filling of vessels near the capsule, a regional reduced parenchymal perfusion or an inflammatory hyperemia with capillary hypercirculation. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-209001 SN - 1875-8622 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 74 IS - 4 SP - 347 EP - 348 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jung, Ernst Michael A1 - Stroszczynski, Christian A1 - Jung, Friedrich T1 - Contrast enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) to detect abdominal microcirculatory disorders in severe cases of COVID-19 infection: First experience T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - In the hands of experienced examiners, the contrast enhanced sonography (CEUS) offers the possibility to analyze dynamic microcirculatory disturbances in real time dynamically without any risk for kidneys and thyroid gland even in severe progressing disease bedside. Based on severe COVID-19 infections, first experiences with abdominal CEUS examinations are presented. In the stage of an imminent organ failure with significantly reduced kidney and liver function, CEUS can be used to show a narrowing of the organ-supplying arteries, as well as a delayed capillary filling of vessels near the capsule, a regional reduced parenchymal perfusion or an inflammatory hyperemia with capillary hypercirculation. It is possible to quickly rule out organ infarction and to dynamically record the mesenteric arterial and venous blood flow. KW - Corona virus KW - contrast enhanced ultrasound sonography (CEUS) KW - COVID-19 KW - liver KW - kidney Y1 - 2020 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/clinical-hemorheology-and-microcirculation/ch209003 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-209003 SN - 1875-8622 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 74 IS - 4 SP - 353 EP - 361 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jung, Ernst Michael A1 - Stroszczynski, Christian A1 - Jung, Friedrich T1 - Contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) to assess pleural pulmonal changes in severe Covid 19 infection: First results T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - AIM: Use of contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in severe cases of COVID-19 infection to assess pulmonary changes near the pleura. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Bedside examinations by an experienced intensive care unit examiner using a multi-frequency probe (C1-6 MHz) with B-mode and CEUS to assess pleural-near changes in severe cases of COVID-19 infection with respiratory failure. CEUS with bolus delivery via a central venous catheter of 2.4 ml Sulphur hexafluoride microbubbles from the arterial phase (10–15 s) to the late phase of 5 min. Digital storage of cine sequences of the lung sound with abdomen for independent assessment with the subsequently performed contrast-enhanced dual-source CT. RESULTS: In 11 intubated and ventilated patients (arithmetic mean 62 years, 48 to 78 years, 3 women) with confirmed severe COVID-19 infections, a peripherally accentuated consolidation with irregular hyperemia was found in the CEUS and also in the CT examination. Of the 5 cases with pulmonary arterial embolisms, signs of right ventricular failure were found. In all cases, using CEUS low perfused areas of the pleura with adjacent hyperemia could be detected, while, with CT segmental contrast medium, gaps with subpleural compressions were found. Interstitial changes near the pleura led to B-lines and to ground glass opacities in the CT. Near the diaphragm a delayed arterial contrast of the liver was observed. In addition, in 2 cases partial atelectasis, in 3 cases marginal pleural effusions were found. CONCLUSION: CEUS opens up new possibilities for bedside monitoring of pleural reactive inflammatory or peripheral thrombus embolism in severe cases of COVID-19 infection. KW - COVID-19 infection KW - lung- Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) KW - pleural affection KW - peripheral embolic consolidation Y1 - 2020 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/clinical-hemorheology-and-microcirculation/ch209005 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-209005 SN - 1875-8622 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 75 IS - 1 SP - 19 EP - 26 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Connes, Philippe A1 - Lehmann, Christian T1 - A.L. Copley Best Paper Prize 2019 T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation Y1 - 2020 UR - https://europepmc.org/article/med/32568189 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/ch-209100 SN - 1875-8622 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 75 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lamby, Philipp A1 - Minkow, Alexander A1 - Handt, Stefan A1 - Falter, Johannes A1 - Schellenberg, Eva-Lotte A1 - Graf, Stefanie A1 - Hiebl, Bernhard A1 - Haerteis, Silke A1 - Gemeinhardt, Ole A1 - Krüger-Genge, Anne A1 - Klosterhalfen, Bernd A1 - Jung, Ernst Michael A1 - Franke, Ralf-Peter A1 - Momeni, Arash A1 - Prantl, Lukas A1 - Jung, Friedrich T1 - Histological and SEM assessment of blood stasis in kidney blood vessels after repeated intra-arterial application of radiographic contrast media T2 - Life N2 - Background: After application of iodinated contrast media (CM), a pronounced deterioration of the microcirculation in skin and myocardium was reported. Clinically, the repeated application of CM, especially, led to an increase of the renal resistance index (RRI). With respect to the transiency of the RRI increase, it is reasonable to assume that the deterioration of blood flow could be due to transient blood stasis caused by reversible morphologic cell alterations due to osmotic discrepancies between CM and human blood. Therefore, the hypothesis was investigated whether CM are able to induce in vivo such blood stasis and cell deformations in the renal vasculature of well-hydrated pigs. Methods: The in vivo study was performed as a prospective randomized examination to compare the effects of two different CM in 16 pigs (German Landrace). Pigs were randomized to receive either Iodixanol (n = 8), or Iopromide (n = 8). Each animal received 10 injections separated by 5-min intervals via the suprarenal aorta at a rate of 10 mL/s according to the usual procedure during a cardiac catheter examination. Finally, the kidneys were explanted and processed for histology (H & E staining and fibrin staining according to Weigert) as well as for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with regards to morphologic correlates explaining the changes in the microcirculation. Results: In each of the predefined four categories of vascular diameters, blood stasis were found, but clearly more often after application of Iopromide than after application of Iodixanol (p < 0.001). In addition, Iopromide induced more blood stasis in all of the examined kidney regions compared to Iodixanol (p = 0.0001). There were no obstructive events in the middle cortex following the application of Iodixanol. Except for the region around a puncture channel of a placed-in catheter probe, no fibrin was detected in Weigert’s fibrin-stained samples, neither around the histologically assessed thrombi nor in vessels with blood stasis. Complementary SEM analyses revealed in a few cases only a slight generation of fibrin and thrombi and deformations, such as echinocyte and “box-like” deformations. Conclusions: According to previous in vitro studies, pathological erythrocyte deformations, such as echinocyte and box-like formation of erythrocytes, were observed also in vivo. In addition, blood stasis and/or thrombi could be detected in histological samples from explanted kidneys from young pigs after repeated in vivo administration of CM. In only a few cases, mural platelet aggregates within minimal fibrin meshes occurred only after the application of Iopromide. KW - acute kidney injury KW - nephrotoxicity KW - nephropathy KW - renal pathology KW - iodinated contrast media KW - electron microscopy KW - histopathology Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/10/9/167 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/life10090167 SN - 2075-1729 VL - 10 IS - 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krüger-Genge, Anne A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Hufert, Frank A1 - Jung, Ernst Michael A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner A1 - Storsberg, J. T1 - Effects of gut microbial metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) on platelets and endothelial cells T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - Thrombotic events result from different pathologies and are the underlying causes of severe diseases like stroke or myocardial infarction. Recent basic research now revealed a link between food uptake, food conversion and gut metabolism. Gut microbial production of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) from dietary nutrients like choline, lecithin and L-carnitine was associated with the development of cardiovascular diseases. Within this review we give a systematic overview about the influence of TMAO on blood components like platelets and endothelial cells which both are involved as key players in thrombotic processes. In summary, a mechanistic correlation between the gut microbiome, TMAO and cardiovascular diseases becomes obvious and emphasizes to the significance of the intestinal microbiome. KW - Microbiome KW - trimethylamin-N-oxide KW - platelets KW - endothelial cells KW - atherosclerosis Y1 - 2020 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/clinical-hemorheology-and-microcirculation/ch209206 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-209206 SN - 1875-8622 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 76 IS - 2 SP - 309 EP - 316 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mrowietz, Christof A1 - Sievers, H. A1 - Pindur, Gerhard A1 - Hiebl, Bernhard A1 - Jung, Friedrich T1 - Cutaneous microcirculation in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease: Comparison of capillary blood circulation in the nail fold of finger and toe T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - In patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) a restricted circulation in cutaneous microvessels has been reported. In this study the velocity of erythrocytes (very) in finger nailfold capillaries - a vascular area without upstream macroangiopathy - and also in toe nailfold capillaries - a post-stenotic area –was investigated using capillary microscopy in apparently healthy subjects and patients with PAOD. Already in finger nailfold capillaries very of patients with PAOD under resting conditions was significantly lower than in capillaries of healthy subjects. This was also true for the circulation in toe capillaries. In addition, the erythrocyte velocities under resting conditions in the toe capillaries were significantly lower than in the finger capillaries. Similar results were found for the duration and the maximum velocity of postocclusive hyperemia. It is concluded that the resting blood flow in the skin microcirculation is impaired in PAOD patients, both under resting conditions and during postocclusive hyperemia in finger as well in toe nailfold capillaries. KW - Microcirculation KW - peripheral arterial occlusive disease KW - capillary microscopy Y1 - 2020 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/clinical-hemorheology-and-microcirculation/ch209220 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-209220 SN - 1875-8622 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 76 IS - 2 SP - 279 EP - 285 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Martina, Georgieva A1 - Kammerer, Sarah A1 - Prantl, Lukas A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Stroszczynski, Christian A1 - Jung, Ernst Michael T1 - Imaging of breast implant and implant-associated complications: Capsular contracture and intraor extracapsular rupture T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - BACKGROUND: In recent years, follow-up after breast reconstruction with silicone implants and the detection of complications have been relieved by the possibility of improved diagnostic methods. METHODS: Between January 2015 and December 2019 a total of 40 patients (29–84 years) with silicone implants were included in this retrospective study. The implants were examined clinically and with modern imaging: general ultrasound imaging (US), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), high resolution computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography –computed tomography (PET-CT). If necessary, a histological/cytological sample was taken. The breast implants were assessed by three radiologists specialized in breast imaging. The grade of capsular contracture was classified according to the Baker classification. RESULTS: All 40 women obtained a clinical examination and an US diagnostic to identify early and more common complications such as implant folding and capsular fibrosis. Depending on the clinical examination and ultrasound findings additional MRI (n = 10), CT (n = 9) and/or PET-CT (n = 2) were performed. 16 patients had implants folding proven with US (n = 16), MRI (n = 6) and CT (n = 1). The grade of capsular fibrosis was determined according to the Baker classification. The following results were obtained in our study: 25 breast implants with Baker grade I and eleven breast implants with Baker grade II, both proven with US; one breast implants with Baker grade III and one breast implant with Baker grade IV, proven with US (n = 2), MRI (n = 1) and CT (n = 1). One patient had intracapsular rupture and one patient had extracapsular rupture, both detected on CT and surgically proven. No patient had a silicone accumulation in the lymph nodes. One patient had pathologically enlarged axillary lymph nodes, which were evaluated as inflammatory changes in PET-CT. Long-term complications such as the development of malignant breast tumors could not be observed. CONCLUSION: To detect early complications after breast implant surgery, a regular clinical examination is indispensable. Imaging methods complement each other and if they are used multimodal, it is easier to identify early complications. Modern diagnostic modalities like ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging expand the spectrum and improve diagnostic safety. KW - Breast implant KW - ultrasound KW - magnetic resonance imaging KW - capsular contracture Y1 - 2020 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/clinical-hemorheology-and-microcirculation/ch209218 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-209218 SN - 1875-8622 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 76 IS - 2 SP - 221 EP - 231 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jung, Ernst Michael A1 - Wertheimer, T. A1 - Putz, F. J. A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Kammerer, Sarah A1 - Pregler, B. A1 - Luerken, L. A1 - Stroszczynski, Christian A1 - Beyer, L. T1 - Contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) with parametric imaging and time intensity curve analysis (TIC) for evaluation of the success of prostate arterial embolization (PAE) in cases of prostate hyperplasia T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - AIM: To evaluate the use of dynamic contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) with parametric color-coded imaging and time intensity curve analysis (TIC) for planning and follow-up after prostate arterial embolization (PAE). MATERIAL/METHOD: Before and after selective iliacal embolization by PAE with a follow up of 6 months 18 male patients (43–78 years, mean 63±3.5 years) with histopathological proven benign prostate hyperplasia were examined by one experienced examiner. A multifrequency high resolution probe (1–6 MHz) was used for transabdominal ultrasound and CEUS with bolus injections of 2.4 ml sulphur-hexafluoride microbubbles. Independent evaluation of color-coded parametric imaging before and after PAE by in PACS stored DICOM loops from arterial phase (10–15 s) up to 1min were performed. Criteria for successful treatment were reduction of early arterial enhancement by changes of time to peak (TTP) and area under the curve (AUC) by measurements in 8 regions of interest (ROI) of 5 mm in diameter at the margin and in the center and changes from hyperenhancement in parametric imaging (perfusion evaluation of arterial enhancement over 15 s) from red and yellow to blue and green by partial infarctions. Reference imaging method was the contrast high resolution 3 tesla magnetic resonance tomography (MRI) using 3D vibe sequences before and after PAE and for the follow up after 3 and 6 months. RESULTS: PAE was technically and clinically successful in all 18 patients with less clinical symptoms and reduction of the gland volume. In all cases color-coded CEUS parametric imaging was able to evaluate partial infarction after embolization with changes from red and yellow to green and blue colors in the embolization areas. Relevant changes could be evaluated for TIC-analysis of CEUS with reduced arterial enhancement in the arterial phase and prolonged enhancement of up to 1 min with significant changes (p = 0.0024). The area under the curve (AUC) decreased from 676±255.04 rU (160 rU–1049 rU) before PAE to 370.43±255.19 rU (45 rU–858 rU) after PAE. Time to peak (TTP) did not change significantly (p = 0.6877); TTP before PAE was 25.82±9.04 s (12.3 s–42.5 s) and after PAE 24.43±9.10 s (12–39 s). Prostate volume decreased significantly (p = 0.0045) from 86.93±34.98 ml (30–139 ml) before PAE to 50.57±26.26 ml (19–117 ml) after PAE. There were no major complications and, in most cases (14/18) a volume reduction of the benign prostate hyperplasia occurred. CONCLUSION: Performed by an experienced examiner CEUS with parametric imaging and TIC-analysis is highly useful to further establish prostatic artery embolization (PAE) as a successful minimal invasive treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. KW - Contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) KW - parametric imaging KW - time intensity curve analysis (TIC) KW - prostate arterial embolization (PAE) Y1 - 2020 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/clinical-hemorheology-and-microcirculation/ch209202 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-209202 SN - 1875-8622 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 76 IS - 2 SP - 143 EP - 153 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Betaah, Azaufa Takunjuh Ngundem A1 - Albrecht, Eike A1 - Egute, Terence Onang T1 - The Human Right to a Healthy Environment in Cameroon: An Environmental Constitutionalism Perspective T2 - Journal of Environmental Law and Litigation Y1 - 2019 UR - https://scholarsbank.uoregon.edu/xmlui/handle/1794/24681?show=full SN - 1049-0280 VL - 34 SP - 96 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Albrecht, Eike A1 - Zschiegner, Andre T1 - Eintritt der Bekanntgabefiktion des § 41 Abs. 4 BWVwVfG - Amtliche Veröffentlichungen im Internet. T2 - UPR – Online-Zeitschrift für Umwelt- und Planungsrecht Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.rehm-verlag.de/eLine/portal/start.xav?start=%2F%2F*%5B%40attr_id%3D%27upr_online_af5f4e334430819ee5e83ef5fc75c3cc%27%20and%20%40outline_id%3D%27upr_online%27%5D SN - 0721-7390 IS - 6 SP - 214 EP - 218 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Albrecht, Eike A1 - Zschiegner, Andre T1 - Das Gesetz zur Sicherstellung ordnungsgemäßer Planungs- und Genehmigungsverfahren während der COVID-19-Pandemie vom 20.5.2020 T2 - UPR – Online-Zeitschrift für Umwelt- und Planungsrecht Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.rehm-verlag.de/eLine/portal/start.xav?start=%2F%2F*%5B%40attr_id%3D%27upr_online_6e395ba5fbefba8bcee76f2ef3047c2f%27%20and%20%40outline_id%3D%27upr_online%27%5D SN - 0721-7390 IS - 7 SP - 252 EP - 256 PB - rehm-verlag ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berger, Angelina A1 - Bluhm, Hannes A1 - Ehrenstein, Ulrike A1 - Heinbach, Katharina A1 - Dunkelberg, Elisa A1 - Hirschl, Bernd T1 - Systematik im Power-to-X-Ansatz Identifikation, Charakterisierung und Clusterung der Power-to-X-Technologien T2 - Zeitschrift für Energiewirtschaft N2 - Um das Pariser Klimaschutzabkommen zu erfüllen, wurden im deutschen Klimaschutzplan 2050 ambitionierte Ziele festgesetzt. Die direkte Nutzung erneuerbarer Energien und die Sektorenkopplung sind dabei zentrale Maßnahmen, um die Wirtschaft zu defossilisieren.Vielversprechende Ansätze, um den Anteil erneuerbarer Energien durch Stromnutzung in den Sektoren mit bisher geringen Treibhausgasreduktionen – Wärme, Verkehr und Industrie – zu erhöhen, bieten Power-to-X-Technologien. Dabei wird Strom für die spätere energetische Nutzung gespeichert oder über technische Verfahren zur Herstellung von Wertschöpfungsprodukten, etwa Stahl oder Grundstoffchemikalien, bzw. für Dienstleistungen eingesetzt. Mit Hilfe von Power-to-X-Technologien wird so das Sektorenkopplungspotenzial von Strom erschlossen und gleichzeitig werden Defossilisierungsoptionen insbesondere für die oben genannten Sektoren eröffnet. Durch die Vielfalt an Verfahren und die großen Nutzungspotenziale stehen Power-to-X-Technologien derzeit im Fokus einer größeren Debatte. Eine Analyse zur Begriffsverwendung in der Literatur zeigt, dass kein Konsens zur Definition von Power-to-X und den zugehörigen Technologien besteht: Teilweise wird der Begriff spezifisch für nur wenige technologische Konzepte verwendet, auf der anderen Seite aber auch sehr breit und für eine große Vielfalt an Konzepten. Dieser Artikel zeigt die bisherige Begriffsverwendung in ihrer Bandbreite auf, arbeitet Gemeinsamkeiten und Differenzierungsmerkmale heraus und leitet eine Systematik des Power-to-X-Ansatzes ab. Auf dieser Grundlage wird ein Definitionsvorschlag formuliert, mit dem Power-to-X-Technologien anschließend eindeutig identifiziert und sinnvoll in Kategorien eingeordnet werden. Dies soll einen Beitrag leisten zu einem einheitlichen Verständnis von Power-to-X, auf dessen Grundlage die Diskussion um verfügbare Technologien und deren Entwicklungsmöglichkeiten für Anwendungen geführt werden kann. KW - power to x Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12398-020-00281-x SN - 1866-2765 SN - 0343-5377 VL - 44 IS - 3 SP - 177 EP - 193 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Thrän, Daniela A1 - Bauschmann, Martin A1 - Dahmen, Nicolaus A1 - Erlach, Berit A1 - Heinbach, Katharina A1 - Hirschl, Bernd A1 - Hildebrand, Jan A1 - Rau, Irina A1 - Majer, Stefan A1 - Oehmichen, Katja A1 - Schweizer-Ries, Petra A1 - Hennig, Christiane T1 - Bioenergy beyond the German “Energiewende” Assessment framework for integrated bioenergy strategies T2 - Biomass and Bioenergy N2 - Um die nationalen Klimaschutzziele zu erreichen, ist eine grundlegende Transformation des Energiesystems erforderlich. In diesem Zusammenhang stellt sich auch die Frage, wie eine Transformation der heutigen Bioenergie-Wertschöpfungsketten aussehen muss, um einen Beitrag zu emissionsarmen Energie- und Versorgungssystemen im Jahr 2050 leisten zu können. Dabei sind nicht nur ökonomische, ökologische und soziale Aspekte zu berücksichtigen. Auch der technologische Reifegrad, eine größere Flexibilität bei Energieerzeugung und -versorgung sowie die Möglichkeit, die Technologien mit CO2-Abscheidung zu kombinieren, sind wichtige Faktoren für zukünftige Bioenergiesysteme. Mithilfe einer hierfür entwickelten und insgesamt 29 Kriterien umfassenden Bewertungsmatrix wurden mehrere Bioenergietechnologie-Optionen bewertet. Im Ergebnis zeigen sich deutlich größere Hürden mit Blick auf die Transformation und Umsetzung beim Entwicklungspfad Lignozellulose im Vergleich zum Biogaspfad (feuchte Biomasse). Trade-Offs zwischen den Bewertungskriterien werden mittels einem Ampelschema sichtbar gemacht. Die Ergebnisse können politische Entscheidungsträger dabei unterstützen, eine langfristige Bioenergiestrategie zu entwickeln und in die Umsetzung zu bringen und damit einen Beitrag zu einer erfolgreichen Transformation hin zu einem nachhaltigen Energiesystem im Jahr 2050 leisten. KW - biomass, bioenergy, energiewende Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2020.105769 SN - 0961-9534 VL - Vol. 142 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bill, Andreas A1 - Hizhnyakov, Vladimir A1 - Kremer, Reinhard K. A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Shelkan, Aleksander A1 - Sherman, Aleksei T1 - Phase Separation and Pairing Fluctuations in Oxide Materials T2 - Condensed Matter N2 - The microscopic mechanism of charge instabilities and the formation of inhomogeneous states in systems with strong electron correlations is investigated. We demonstrate that within a strong coupling expansion the single-band Hubbard model shows an instability towards phase separation and extend the approach also for an analysis of phase separation in the Hubbard-Kanamori hamiltonian as a prototypical multiband model. We study the pairing fluctuations on top of an inhomogeneous stripe state where superconducting correlations in the extended s-wave and d-wave channels correspond to (anti)bound states in the two-particle spectra. Whereas extended s-wave fluctuations are relevant on the scale of the local interaction parameter U, we find that d-wave fluctuations are pronounced in the energy range of the active subband which crosses the Fermi level. As a result, low energy spin and charge fluctuations can transfer the d-wave correlations from the bound states to the low energy quasiparticle bands. Our investigations therefore help to understand the coexistence of stripe correlations and d-wave superconductivity in cuprates. KW - phase separation KW - cuprate superconductors KW - electronic correlations Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3896/5/4/65/htm U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/condmat5040065 SN - 2410-3896 VL - 5 IS - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ribbeck-Lampel, Juliane T1 - The digitalisation of stationery retail and its urban effects T2 - Urban Design and Planning N2 - In the study of planning, the causal links between technological developments and the transformation of spatial and urban structures are of high social relevance. They have been increasingly examined since the late-twentieth century. However, scant attention has been paid to spatial interactions resulting from the digitalisation of all areas of life and work as well as the continuing advance of information and communication technologies. In short, there is a lack of verified studies and results regarding the effects of digitalisation on urban space. The urban function of retail can be used as an example to illustrate spatial changes promoted by technological developments, for two distribution channels that are moulded by digitalisation and are spatially relevant – physical retail and the growing field of e-commerce – are increasingly being intertwined. This paper presents the initial findings of an exploratory study into the spatial distribution patterns of selected developments in physical retail that are significantly influenced by digitalisation. Using a multi-stage methodology, more than 800 articles from online news portals pertaining to the year 2018 were analysed, categorised and evaluated with respect to spatial relevance, potential for spatial influence and the impact of digitalisation. KW - dynamics information technology town & city planning Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1680/jurdp.20.00050 SN - 1755-0793 SN - 1755-0807 VL - 173 IS - 5 SP - 182 EP - 196 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Van Treek, Lisa A1 - Roth, Norbert A1 - Seidel, Lars A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - Measurements of the laminar burning velocities of rich ethylene/air mixtures T2 - Fuel N2 - Laminar burning velocities of premixed ethylene/air flames were investigated under fuel lean and rich conditions. The laminar burning velocities were measured with the heat flux method at atmospheric pressure and unburnt gas temperatures of 298 K. The measurements have been performed for the equivalence ratio range of Φ = 0.7–2.5 using stabilized and flat flames on a perforated burner plate under adiabatic conditions. This is the first time that experimental measurements with the heat flux method of the ethylene/air flames under super fuel rich conditions are performed. The experimental data were compared against predictions using three different kinetic models and published flame speed. The measured flame speeds agree with other published data within the error margin. The experimental and predicted laminar flames do agree at fuel lean conditions, but there are some notable discrepancies under fuel rich conditions. KW - ethylene KW - laminar burning velocity KW - heat flux burner Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016236120309340 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2020.117938 SN - 0016-2361 VL - 275 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Evdokimov, Anton A1 - Doynov, Nikolay A1 - Ossenbrink, Ralf A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Weiß, Sabine A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Thermomechanical laser welding simulation of dissimilar steel-aluminum overlap joints T2 - International Journal of Mechanical Sciences N2 - Mixing of steel and aluminum within the weld pool during keyhole laser welding results in a complex dissimilar microstructure, which in turn, initiates a shift in weld metal mechanical properties. In this study, a numerical model for computation of distortions in laser-welded dissimilar overlap joints (austenitic stainless steel 304 – 6082-T6 aluminum alloy), which considers properties of the mixed steel-aluminum weld metal was developed. The required yield strength, Young's modulus, and strain hardening exponent of the weld metal were experimentally determined using the indentation technique coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The designed material model calculates the weld elastic-plastic properties as a function of the aluminum concentration. The softening of the alloys in the heat-affected zone was determined by physical simulations and considered as a function of maximum temperature. Computed and measured distortions showed good agreement for various welding regimes with an average deviation of 18.4%. The sensitivity analyses indicated that the application of the developed weld material model significantly improves the accuracy of the thermomechanical simulations. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2020.106019 SN - 1879-2162 VL - 190 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Peters, Manuel T1 - Überlegungen zur Geschichte und Gegenwart der Subjektposition der entwicklungspolitischen (Freiwilligen-)Mobilität T2 - Voluntaris N2 - Im Beitrag werden Überlegungen zu der spezifischen Zugehörigkeitsposition der entwicklungspolitischen (Freiwilligen-)Mobilität angestellt. Zunächst wird der Frage nachgegangen, was unter Zugehörigkeit genauer zu verstehen ist, um sodann die Zugehörigkeitsposition der (Freiwilligen-)Mobilität historisch zu verorten sowie Kontinuitäten in der Gegenwart aufzuzeigen. Es ergibt sich dann ein Bild der entwicklungspolitischen (Freiwilligen-)Mobilität als eine sich in ihrer Form wandelnde, klassen- und raumbezogene, spezifisch vergeschlechtlichte und rassifizierte Praxis kultureller Distinktion. KW - Zugehörigkeitsordnungen KW - soziale Zugehörigkeit KW - Entwicklungszusammenarbeit KW - Rassismus KW - Kolonialismus KW - Intersektionalität KW - Mobilität KW - Cultural Studies Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5771/9783748903932-84 N1 - Sonderband - ISBN (978-3-8487-6284-2) VL - Sonderband SP - 84 EP - 93 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ismail, Amr A1 - Herajy, Mostafa A1 - Atlam, Elsayed A1 - Heiner, Monika ED - Hong, Jing-song T1 - A Graphical Approach for Hybrid Simulation of 3D Diffusion Bio-Models via Coloured Hybrid Petri Nets T2 - Modelling and Simulation in Engineering N2 - Three-dimensional modelling of biological systems is imperative to study the behaviour of dynamic systems that require the analysis of how their components interact in space. However, there are only a few formal tools that offer a convenient modelling of such systems. The traditional approach to construct and simulate 3D models is to build a system of partial differential equations (PDEs). Although this approach may be computationally efficient and has been employed by many researchers over the years, it is not always intuitive since it does not provide a visual depiction of the modelled systems. Indeed, a visual modelling can help to conceive a mental image which eventually contributes to the understanding of the problem under study. Coloured Hybrid Petri Nets () are a high-level representation of classical Petri nets that offer hybrid as well as spatial modelling of biological systems. In addition to their graphical representations, models are also scalable. This paper shows how can be used to construct and simulate systems that require three-dimensional as well as hybrid (stochastic/continuous) modelling. We use calcium diffusion in three dimensions to illustrate our main ideas. More specifically, we show that creating 3D models using can yield more flexible models as the structure can be easily scaled up and down by just modifying a few parameters. This advantage of convenient model configuration facilitates the design of different experiments without the need to alter the model structure. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.hindawi.com/journals/mse/2020/4715172/ U6 - https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/4715172 SN - 1687-5605 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Albrecht, Eike A1 - Zschiegner, Andre T1 - Beteiligung der Öffentlichkeit am immissionsschutzrechtlichen Genehmigungsverfahren im Pandemiefall T2 - Neue Zeitschrift für Verwaltungsrecht Y1 - 2020 SN - 0721-880X VL - 39 IS - 10 SP - 671 EP - 677 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gehmert, Sangaa A1 - Lehoczky, Gyözöc A1 - Loibl, Markus A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Prantl, Lukas A1 - Gehmert, Sebastian T1 - Interaction between extracellular cancer matrix and stromal breast cells T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - Stromal-epithelial interactions are fundamental for normal organ development and there is a multitude of evidence that the different components of the microenvironment are also necessary for the maintenance and promotion of the “tumor organ”. Deregulated tumor associated extracellular matrix (tECM) is a hallmark of cancer, causing an alteration in the amount and composition of the different components (i.e. proteins, proteoglycans, glycoproteins and polysaccharids) of the ECM. As epithelial-stromal interactions are reciprocal, it is possible that tECM itself is able to initiate tumor development. We therefore established a mouse model to examine the influence of tECM of murine breast cancer on developing breast tissue in mice. KW - Breast cancer KW - extracellular matrix KW - microenvironment KW - epithelial-stromal interaction Y1 - 2020 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/clinical-hemorheology-and-microcirculation/ch199234 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-199234 SN - 1875-8622 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 74 IS - 1 SP - 45 EP - 52 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fellah, Mamoun A1 - Hezil, Naouel A1 - Touhami, Mohamed Zine A1 - Samad, Mohammed Abdul A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Bokov, Dmitry O. A1 - Marchenko, Ekaterina A1 - Montagne, Alex A1 - Iost, Alain A1 - Alhussein, Akram T1 - Structural, tribological and antibacterial properties of (α + β) based ti-alloys for biomedical applications T2 - Journal of Materials Research and Technology N2 - Implant-related follow up complications resulting from poor implant integration, delamination, chipping, mechanical instability, inflammation or graft-vs-host reaction may lead to low patient tolerance, prolonged care and sometimes leading to a second surgery. Hence, there is an urgent need for developing biomaterials which will help to overcome the above compatibility problems. Ti based alloys have been widely used for biomedical applications, due to their excellent properties, such as low modulus, high biocompatibility and high corrosion resistance. In order to further improve the physical, mechanical and tribological properties of these alloys, microstructural modification is often required. Hence, this study aims to develop and evaluate the structural and tribological behavior of Hot Isostatic Pressed (HIPed) and sintered Ti-6Al-7Nb samples containing niobium, which is less toxic and less expensive as compared to the usual alloying element, vanadium (Ti-6Al-4 V). The Ti-6Al-7Nb alloys were fabricated by using nanoparticle powders milled for different durations (2, 6, 12 and 18 h) to evaluate the effect of milling time on the morphological and structural properties. Friction and wear tests were carried out on the (HIPed) and finally sintered Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy samples, to evaluate their tribological properties under different applied loads (2, 8 and 16 N), with an alumina α-Al2O3 ball as a counter face using an oscillating tribometer. The physical characterization of the nanopowders formed using different milling times indicated that the particle and crystallite size continually decreased with increasing milling time, while the microstrain increased. It is observed that the friction coefficient and wear rate for the samples prepared by powders milled for 18 h and tested under 2 N were lowest with values of 0.25 and 1.51 × 10−2 μm3∙N-1 μm-1, respectively compared to other milled samples. This improvement in tribological properties is attributed to the grain refinement at high milling times. The antibacterial evaluation of the fabricated alloys showed an improvement in antibacterial performance of the samples milled at 18 h compared to the other milling times. KW - Mechanical properties KW - Hot Isostatic Pressure KW - Ti-6Al-7Nb KW - Powder metallurgy KW - Milling time KW - Physical characterization KW - biomaterials KW - microstructure Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785420318421 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2020.09.118 SN - 2238-7854 VL - 9 IS - 6 SP - 14061 EP - 14074 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schulz, Christian A1 - Krüger-Genge, Anne A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Lendlein, Andreas T1 - Aptamer supported in vitro endothelialization of poly(ether imide) films T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - Implantation of synthetic small-diameter vascular bypass grafts is often associated with an increased risk of failure, due to thrombotic events or late intimal hyperplasia. As one of the causes an insufficient hemocompatibility of the artificial surface is discussed. Endothelialization of synthetic grafts is reported to be a promising strategy for creating a self-renewing and regulative anti-thrombotic graft surface. However, the establishment of a shear resistant cell monolayer is still challenging. In our study, cyto- and immuno-compatible poly(ether imide) (PEI) films were explored as potential biomaterial for cardiovascular applications. Recently, we reported that the initial adherence of primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) was delayed on PEI-films and about 9 days were needed to establish a confluent and almost shear resistant HUVEC monolayer. To accelerate the initial adherence of HUVEC, the PEI-film surface was functionalized with an aptamer-cRGD peptide based endothelialization supporting system. With this functionalization the initial adherence as well as the shear resistance of HUVEC on PEI-films was considerable improved compared to the unmodified polymer surface. The in vitro results confirm the general applicability of aptamers for an efficient functionalization of substrate surfaces. KW - aptamer KW - endothelialization KW - physical functionalization KW - poly(ether imide) films KW - shear resistance Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-190775 SN - 1875-8622 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 75 IS - 2 SP - 201 EP - 217 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ayton, Lorna A1 - Colbrook, Matthew A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Chaitanya, Paruchuri A1 - Sarradj, Ennes T1 - Reducing aerofoil–turbulence interaction noise through chordwise-varying porosity T2 - Journal of Fluid Mechanics Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2020.746 SN - 1469-7645 VL - 906 SP - A1 EP - A28 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Baigonakova, Gulsharat A1 - Marchenko, Ekaterina A1 - Chekalkin, Timofey A1 - Kang, Ji-hoon A1 - Weiß, Sabine A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei T1 - Influence of Silver Addition on Structure, Martensite Transformations and Mechanical Properties of TiNi–Ag Alloy Wires for Biomedical Application T2 - Materials N2 - The microstructural and functional behavior of TiNi-based wires with a silver content of 0–1.5 at.% was evaluated. The concentration range for Ag doping determined for the TiNi wires with potential for the medical industry was 0–0.2 at.%. Microstructure analysis of TiNi wires with different silver contents at room temperature indicated a multiphase structural state. Various internal structures with tangled grain boundaries were formed by intense plastic deformation. The nanocrystalline structure and phase state of wire with the minimum silver content (0.1 at.% Ag) provide full shape recovery, the greatest reversible strain, and optimal strength and ductility. TiNi ingots with a high Ag content (0.5–1.5 at.%) cracked under minimum load due to excess silver that crystallized along the grain boundaries and broke cohesion bonds between the TiNi grains. KW - shape memory alloy KW - silver KW - doping KW - mechanical properties KW - nanostructured material KW - wire Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/21/4721 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13214721 SN - 1996-1944 VL - 13 IS - 21 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Saoudi, Adel A1 - Fellah, Mamoun A1 - Hezil, Naouel A1 - Lerari, Djahida A1 - Khamouli, Farida A1 - Atoui, L'hadi A1 - Bachari, Khaldoun A1 - Morozova, Iuliia A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Samad, Mohammed Abdul T1 - Prediction of mechanical properties of welded steel X70 pipeline using neural network modelling T2 - International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping N2 - An artificial neural network (ANN) model was developed to predict tensile and impact properties of a submerged arc helical welded (SAHW) pipeline steel API X70 based upon its chemical composition. Weight percent of the elements was considered as the input, while the tensile and Charpy impact properties were considered as the outputs. Scatter diagrams and two statistical parameters (absolute fraction of variance and relative error) were used to evaluate the prediction performance of the developed artificial neural network model. The predicted values were found to be in excellent agreement with the experimental data and the current model has a good learning precision and generalization (for training, validation and testing data sets). The results revealed that the developed model is very accurate and has a strong potential for capturing the interaction between the mechanical properties and chemical composition of welded high strength low alloy (HSLA) steels. KW - API X70 KW - Artificial neural network (ANN) KW - Submerged arc welding KW - Modeling KW - Mechanical properties KW - Chemical composition Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpvp.2020.104153 SN - 0308-0161 VL - 186 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fellah, Mamoun A1 - Hezil, Naouel A1 - Guerfi, Kamel A1 - Djellabi, Ridha A1 - Montagne, Alex A1 - Iost, Alain A1 - Borodin, Kirill A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei T1 - Mechanistic pathways of cationic and anionic surfactants sorption by kaolinite in water T2 - Environmental Science and Pollution Research N2 - Surfactants are widely used in many chemical industries and as primary components of cleaning detergents due to their specific characteristics, which in turn results in high pollution of domestic and industrial wastewaters by such substances. In this study, the mechanistic pathways of the adsorption of cationic benzyl-dimethyl-dodecyl ammonium bromide (BDDAB) and anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) surfactants on kaolinite clay in water were investigated. The results showed that the adsorption of anionic surfactant (SDS) on kaolinite is better compared with cationic surfactant (BDDAB), wherein the ♦maximum adsorption capacity was found 161.4 μmol g−1 and 234 μmol g−1 for BDDAB and SDS, respectively. Adsorption kinetics were the best suited to pseudo-second-order model for both BDDAB and SDS with an adsorption rate constant of 0.028 g μmol−1 min−1 and 0.023 g μmol−1 min−1, respectively. Meanwhile, the adsorption of BDDAB by kaolinite showed that the isotherm adsorption tended to follow the Langmuir-Freundlich and Freundlich isotherm models. However, the SDS adsorption isotherm obeyed only the Langmuir-Freundlich model. KW - Surfactant KW - Adsorption KW - Kaolinite KW - Water remediation KW - Adsorption modeling Y1 - 2021 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11356-020-11083-6 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-11083-6 SN - 1614-7499 VL - 28 IS - 6 SP - 7307 EP - 7321 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Travnikov, Vadim A1 - Zaussinger, Florian A1 - Haun, Peter A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Influence of dielectrical heating on convective flow in a radial force field T2 - Physical Review E Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.101.053106 SN - 2470-0053 SN - 2470-0045 VL - 101 IS - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zaussinger, Florian A1 - Haun, Peter A1 - Szabo, Peter A1 - Travnikov, Vadim A1 - Al-Kawwas, Mustafa A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Rotating spherical gap convection in the GeoFlow International Space Station (ISS) experiment T2 - Physical Review Fluids Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.5.063502 SN - 2469-990X VL - 5 IS - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rodda, Costanza A1 - Harlander, Uwe T1 - Transition from Geostrophic Flows to Inertia–Gravity Waves in the Spectrum of a Differentially Heated Rotating Annulus Experiment T2 - Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-20-0033.1 SN - 1520-0469 SN - 0022-4928 VL - 77 IS - 8 SP - 2793 EP - 2806 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bonhage, Alexander A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Ouimet, William T1 - Characteristics of small anthropogenic landforms resulting from historical charcoal production in western Connecticut, USA T2 - Catena Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2020.104896 SN - 0341-8162 VL - 195 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jung, Ernst Michael A1 - Hösl, Vanessa A1 - Fraunberg, Sarah von A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Prantl, Lukas T1 - Ultrasound elastography for the detection of capsular fibrosis in breast implants: First results T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - BACKGROUND: Capsular contractures around breast implants usually develop leading to pain and aesthetically inadequate results and ultimately often requires the replacement of the implants. Textured silicone implants are the most commonly placed implant, but polyurethane-coated implants are increasingly being used in an attempt to ameliorate the long-term complications associated with implant insertion. AIM: Capsular contracture is traditionally classified using the Baker scale, a subjective classification system based upon clinical findings. Aim of this study was to evaluate the association between pain due capsular contraction, Baker Score and different techniques of US elastography. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients were contacted who had undergone an implant replacement due to capsular contracture. Inclusion criterion was the re-implantation of a PU-coated implant. In the third year after changing the implant a follow-up examination was performed in 16 patients with 23 implants. A conventional examination with anamnesis, tactile and visual findings to obtain a Baker score, and ultrasound examinations including shear wave elastography, ARFI and compound elastography were performed. In addition, pain was evaluated using a visual analogue scale (VAS). RESULTS: The pain data showed a significant improvement (before implant exchange: 4.1±2.8 score points) with significance in favor of the current state (1.7±1.0 pain score points; p = 0.002). All patients suffered from less or no pain three years after exchange of the implant. Pain values and elastography (ARFI values) correlated well (r = 0,873), with increasing Baker score the ARFI values increased. US elastography evaluations can locally determine tissue density but correlate only to a limited extent with the test findings according to Baker. US elastography values of mammary gland tissue without implant did not differ from mammary gland tissue around implants. CONCLUSION: Preoperative Baker scores prior to exchange and the current Baker scores at the follow-up showed significantly lower score points three years after exchange of the implants. Ultrasound elastography seems to be an objective classification of capsular fibrosis. These first results motivate to initiate a prospective multicenter investigation. KW - Capsular fibrosis KW - ultrasound examinations KW - elastography KW - ARFI KW - Baker score Y1 - 2020 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/clinical-hemorheology-and-microcirculation/ch200875 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-200875 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 77(2021) IS - 3 SP - 247 EP - 257 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Bonhage, Alexander A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - The soil moisture regime of charcoal-enriched land use legacy sites T2 - Geoderma Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2020.114241 SN - 0016-7061 VL - 366 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Bonhage, Alexander A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Large‐scale mapping of anthropogenic relief features—legacies of past forest use in two historical charcoal production areas in Germany T2 - Geoarchaeology Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/gea.21782 SN - 1520-6548 SN - 0883-6353 VL - 35 IS - 4 SP - 545 EP - 561 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hiebl, Bernhard A1 - Krüger-Genge, Anne A1 - Jung, Friedrich T1 - 39th conference of the German society for clinical microcirculation and hemorheology (DGKMH) T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation Y1 - 2020 UR - https://europepmc.org/article/med/33074223 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/ch-209200 SN - 1875-8622 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 76 IS - 2 SP - 121 EP - 122 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Bonhage, Alexander A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Drohan, Patrick J. A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - An initiative for a morphologic‐genetic catalog of relict charcoal hearths from Central Europe T2 - Geoarchaeology Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/gea.21799 SN - 1520-6548 SN - 0883-6353 VL - 35 IS - 6 SP - 974 EP - 983 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Drohan, Patrick J. A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Hirsch, Florian T1 - Distribution of silty mantles in soils of the Northcentral Appalachians, USA T2 - Catena Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2020.104701 SN - 0341-8162 VL - 194 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sut-Lohmann, Magdalena A1 - Jonczak, Jerzy A1 - Parzych, Agnieszka A1 - Šimanský, Vladimír A1 - Polláková, Nora A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Accumulation of airborne potentially toxic elements in Pinus sylvestris L. bark collected in three Central European medium-sized cities T2 - Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110758 SN - 0147-6513 VL - 200 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jonczak, Jerzy A1 - Jankiewicz, Ursula A1 - Kondras, Marek A1 - Kruczkowska, Bogusława A1 - Oktaba, Lidia A1 - Oktaba, Jarosław A1 - Olejniczak, Izabella A1 - Pawłowicz, Edyta A1 - Polláková, Nora A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Regulska, Edyta A1 - Słowińska, Sandra A1 - Sut-Lohmann, Magdalena T1 - The influence of birch trees (Betula spp.) on soil environment – A review T2 - Forest Ecology and Management Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118486 SN - 0378-1127 VL - 477 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kot, Małgorzata A1 - Kegelmann, Lukas A1 - Köbler, Hans A1 - Vorokhta, Mykhailo A1 - Escudero, Carlos A1 - Kúš, Peter A1 - Šmíd, Břetislav A1 - Tallarida, Massimo A1 - Albrecht, Steve A1 - Abate, Antonio A1 - Matolínová, Iva A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo T1 - In situ Near-Ambient Pressure X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Reveals the Influence of Photon Flux and Water on the Stability of Halide Perovskite T2 - ChemSusChem N2 - For several years, scientists have been trying to understand the mechanisms that reduce the long‐term stability of perovskite solar cells. In this work, we examined the effect of water and photon flux on the stability of CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite films and solar cells using in situ near‐ambient pressure X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (NAP‐XPS), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and current density–voltage (J–V) characterization. The used amount of water vapor (up to 1 mbar) had a negligible impact on the perovskite film. The higher the photon flux, the more prominent were the changes in the NAP‐XPS and FESEM data; also, a faster decline in power conversion efficiency (PCE) and a more substantial hysteresis in the J‐V characteristics were observed. Based on our results, it can be concluded that the PCE decrease originates from the creation of Frenkel pair defects in the perovskite film under illumination. The stronger the illumination, the higher the number of Frenkel defects, leading to a faster PCE decline and more substantial hysteresis in the J‐V sweeps. KW - field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) KW - Frenkel defects KW - near-ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (NAP-XPS) KW - perovskite KW - photon-induced degradation Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.202001527 SN - 1864-5631 SN - 1864-564X VL - 13 IS - 21 SP - 5722 EP - 5730 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tolksdorf, Johann Friedrich A1 - Kaiser, Knut A1 - Petr, Libor A1 - Herbig, Christoph A1 - Kočár, Petr A1 - Heinrich, Susann A1 - Wilke, Franziska D.H. A1 - Theuerkauf, Martin A1 - Fülling, Alexander A1 - Schubert, Matthias A1 - Schröder, Frank A1 - Křivánek, Roman A1 - Schulz, Lars A1 - Bonhage, Alexander A1 - Hemker, Christiane T1 - Past human impact in a mountain forest: geoarchaeology of a medieval glass production and charcoal hearth site in the Erzgebirge, Germany T2 - Regional Environmental Change Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-020-01638-1 SN - 1436-378X SN - 1436-3798 VL - 20 IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kokorev, Oleg A1 - Chekalkin, Timofey A1 - Marchenko, Ekaterina A1 - Yasenchuk, Yuri A1 - Gunther, Sergey A1 - Serebrov, Vladimir A1 - Chernyshova, Alena A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Kang, Ji-hoon T1 - Exploring the role of surface modifications of TiNi-based alloys in evaluating in vitro cytocompatibility: a comparative study T2 - Surface Topography: Metrology and Properties N2 - The aim of this study was the comparative analysis of in vitro bio-testing of solid and porous TiNi samples with modified surfaces (intact, oxidated, and etched). Tests for cytocompatibility, hemolysis, and cytotoxicity (MTT) as well as visualization by confocal and scanning electron microscopy have shown that the chemically modified samples are the most cytocompatible. The intact and etched samples did not induce hemolysis greater than 2%, and thus they comply with the ISO 10993-4:2018 standard for hemolysis by blood-contacting biomaterials. Direct culture of etched samples with MCF-7 cells and human leukocytes showed low cytotoxicity. At the same time, the cytotoxicity of samples oxidated at 500 °C was significantly greater than that of the etched samples. Confocal and electron microscopy also confirmed the abovementioned quantitative data. The cells attached to the etched surface in numbers sufficient for them to be able to grow and proliferate on this substrate in vitro. These findings indicate that solid and porous TiNi alloy with surface modifications achieved by a cost-effective method is biotolerable and promising for clinical use and for tissue engineering. KW - biocompatibility KW - cytocompatibility KW - TiNi alloys KW - tissue engineering KW - surface modification Y1 - 2020 UR - https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2051-672X/abc0f9/meta U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/2051-672X/abc0f9 SN - 2051-672X VL - 8 IS - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gehre, Christian P. A1 - Flechner, Marie A1 - Kammerer, Sarah A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner A1 - Coleman, Charles Dominic A1 - Püschel, Gerhard Paul A1 - Uhlig, Katja A1 - Duschl, Claus T1 - Real time monitoring of oxygen uptake of hepatocytes in a microreactor using optical microsensors T2 - Scientific Reports N2 - Most in vitro test systems for the assessment of toxicity are based on endpoint measurements and cannot contribute much to the establishment of mechanistic models, which are crucially important for further progress in this field. Hence, in recent years, much effort has been put into the development of methods that generate kinetic data. Real time measurements of the metabolic activity of cells based on the use of oxygen sensitive microsensor beads have been shown to provide access to the mode of action of compounds in hepatocytes. However, for fully exploiting this approach a detailed knowledge of the microenvironment of the cells is required. In this work, we investigate the cellular behaviour of three types of hepatocytes, HepG2 cells, HepG2-3A4 cells and primary mouse hepatocytes, towards their exposure to acetaminophen when the availability of oxygen for the cell is systematically varied. We show that the relative emergence of two modes of action, one NAPQI dependent and the other one transient and NAPQI independent, scale with expression level of CYP3A4. The transient cellular response associated to mitochondrial respiration is used to characterise the influence of the initial oxygen concentration in the wells before exposure to acetaminophen on the cell behaviour. A simple model is presented to describe the behaviour of the cells in this scenario. It demonstrates the level of control over the role of oxygen supply in these experiments. This is crucial for establishing this approach into a reliable and powerful method for the assessment of toxicity. KW - Biophysics KW - Biotechnology KW - Cell biology KW - Drug discovery Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-70785-6 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-70785-6 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schulte-Hubbert, Ruth A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner A1 - Thomas, Adam D. A1 - Schrenk, Dieter T1 - Estragole: DNA adduct formation in primary rat hepatocytes and genotoxic potential in HepG2-CYP1A2 cells T2 - Toxicology N2 - Estragole is a natural constituent in herbs and spices and in products thereof such as essential oils or herbal teas. After cytochrome P450-catalyzed hydroxylation and subsequent sulfation, estragole acts as a genotoxic hepatocarcinogen forming DNA adducts in rodent liver. Because of the genotoxic mode of action and the widespread occurrence in food and phytomedicines a refined risk assessment for estragole is needed. We analyzed the time- and concentration-dependent levels of the DNA adducts N2-(isoestragole-3‘-yl)-2‘-desoxyguanosine (E3′N2dG) and N6-(isoestragole-3‘-yl)-desoxyadenosine (E3′N6dA), reported to be the major adducts formed in rat liver, in rat hepatocytes (pRH) in primary culture after incubation with estragole. DNA adduct levels were measured via UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS using stable isotope dilution analysis. Both adducts were formed in pRH and could already be quantified after an incubation time of 1 h (E3′N6dA at 10 μM, E3′N2dG at 1μM estragole). E3′N2dG, the main adduct at all incubation times and concentrations, could be detected at estragole concentrations < 0.1 μM after 24 h and < 0.5 μM after 48 h. Adduct levels were highest after 6 h and showed a downward trend at later time-points, possibly due to DNA repair and/or apoptosis. While the concentration-response characteristics of adduct formation were apparently linear over the whole concentration range, strong indication for marked hypo-linearity was obtained when the modeling was based on concentrations < 1 μM only. In the micronucleus assay no mutagenic potential of estragole was found in HepG2 cells whereas in HepG2-CYP1A2 cells 1 μM estragole led to a 3.2 fold and 300 μM to a 7.1 fold increase in micronuclei counts. Our findings suggest the existence of a ‘practical threshold’ dose for DNA adduct formation as an initiating key event of the carcinogenicity of estragole indicating that the default assumption of concentration-response-linearity is questionable, at least for the two major adducts studied here. KW - Estragole KW - Carcinogenicity KW - DNA adducts KW - Genotoxicity KW - Hepatoma KW - Liver cells Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0300483X20302055 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tox.2020.152566 SN - 0300-483X VL - 444 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rutz, Lukas A1 - Gao, Lan A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner A1 - Schrenk, Dieter T1 - Structure-dependent genotoxic potencies of selected pyrrolizidine alkaloids in metabolically competent HepG2 cells T2 - Archives of Toxicology N2 - 1,2-unsaturated pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are natural plant constituents comprising more than 600 different structures. A major source of human exposure is thought to be cross-contamination of food, feed and phytomedicines with PA plants. In humans, laboratory and farm animals, certain PAs exert pronounced liver toxicity and can induce malignant liver tumors in rodents. Here, we investigated the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of eleven PAs belonging to different structural classes. Although all PAs were negative in the fluctuation Ames test in Salmonella, they were cytotoxic and induced micronuclei in human HepG2 hepatoblastoma cells over-expressing human cytochrome P450 3A4. Lasiocarpine and cyclic diesters except monocrotaline were the most potent congeners both in cytotoxicity and micronucleus assays with concentrations below 3 μM inducing a doubling in micronuclei counts. Other open di-esters and all monoesters exhibited weaker or much weaker geno- and cytotoxicity. The findings were in agreement with recently suggested interim Relative Potency (iREP) factors with the exceptions of europine and monocrotaline. A more detailed micronuclei analysis at low concentrations of lasiocarpine, retrorsine or senecionine indicated that pronounced hypolinearity of the concentration–response curves was evident for retrorsine and senecionine but not for lasiocarpine. Our findings show that the genotoxic and cytotoxic potencies of PAs in a human hepatic cell line vary in a structure-dependent manner. Both the low potency of monoesters and the shape of prototype concentration–response relationships warrant a substance- and structure-specific approach in the risk assessment of PAs. KW - Genotoxicity KW - Liver cells KW - Micronuclei KW - Mutagenicity KW - Pyrrolizidine alkaloids KW - Relative potencies Y1 - 2020 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00204-020-02895-z U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-020-02895-z SN - 0340-5761 SN - 1432-0738 VL - 94 IS - 12 SP - 4159 EP - 4172 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Künzel, Stephan R. A1 - Rausch, Johanna S. E. A1 - Schäffer, Charlotte A1 - Hoffmann, Maximilian A1 - Künzel, Karolina A1 - Klapproth, Erik A1 - Kant, Theresa A1 - Herzog, Natalie A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner A1 - Lorenz, Kristina A1 - Dudek, Svenja A1 - Emig, Ramona A1 - Ravens, Ursula A1 - Rog‐Zielinska, Eva A. A1 - Peyronnet, Rémi A1 - El-Armouche, Ali T1 - Modeling atrial fibrosis in vitro - Generation and characterization of a novel human atrial fibroblast cell line T2 - FEBS Open Bio N2 - Atrial fibrillation (AF) is regularly accompanied by cardiac fibrosis and concomitant heart failure. Due to the heterogeneous nature and complexity of fibrosis, the knowledge about the underlying mechanisms is limited, which prevents effective pharmacotherapy. A deeper understanding of cardiac fibroblasts is essential to meet this need. We previously described phenotypic and functional differences between atrial fibroblasts from patients in sinus rhythm and with AF. Herein, we established and characterized a novel human atrial fibroblast line, which displays typical fibroblast morphology and function comparable to primary cells but with improved proliferation capacity and low spontaneous myofibroblast differentiation. These traits make our model suitable for the study of fibrosis mechanisms and for drug screening aimed at developing effective antifibrotic pharmacotherapy. KW - cardiovascular disease KW - cell culture KW - cell lines KW - fibroblasts KW - fibrosis KW - heart Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/2211-5463.12896 SN - 2211-5463 VL - 10 IS - 7 SP - 1210 EP - 1218 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Krieger, Volker A1 - Hufert, Frank A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner T1 - How we should respond to the Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 outbreak: A German perspective T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - BACKGROUND: In the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic Germany missed to set up efficient containment measures. Consequently, the number of cases increased exponentially until a lockdown was implemented to suppress the spread of SARS-CoV-2. Fortunately, Germany has a high capability for coronavirus lab testing and more than 30,000 ICU beds. These capabilities and the lockdown turned out to be an advantage to combat the pandemic and to prevent a health-system overload. AIM: The aim was to predict the plateau day of SARS-CoV-2 infections or deaths. RESULTS: The effect on the viral spread of the German measures taken and the impact on the peak of new infection cases is shown. By normalizing daily case numbers, the plateau day of the current outbreak in Germany could be calculated to be reached at April 12, 2020 (day 103 of 2020). CONCLUSION: Normalized case number curves are helpful to predict the time point at which no further new infections will occur if the epidemic situation remains stable. Upon reaching the plateau day during a lockdown phase, a residual time-period of about 2-3 weeks can be utilized to prepare a safe unlocking period. As can be learned from Asian countries such as South Korea and Taiwan there must be strict rules to keep the risk of infection low. Those include social distancing, face mask wearing in combination with digital contact tracing and serosurveillance studies. Following those rules, a safe dance around the infection curve allows to keep the population at a reduced infection rate. KW - Corona virus KW - SARS-CoV-2 KW - COVID-19 KW - herd immunity KW - hammer and dance strategy Y1 - 2020 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/clinical-hemorheology-and-microcirculation/ch209004 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-209004 SN - 1875-8622 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 74 IS - 4 SP - 363 EP - 372 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Krieger, Volker A1 - Hufert, Frank T1 - A comparison of mortality rates between European and Asian States T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-209008 SN - 1875-8622 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 75 IS - 1 SP - 3 EP - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Krüger-Genge, Anne A1 - Franke, Ralf-Peter A1 - Hufert, Frank A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner T1 - COVID-19 and the endothelium T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - There is growing evidence that COVID-19 not only affects the lungs but beyond that the endothelial system. Recent studies showed that this can lead to microcirculatory impairments and in consequence to functional disorders of all inner organs. The combination of endothelial dysfunction with a generalized inflammatory state and complement elements may together contribute to the overall pro-coagulative state described in COVID-19 patients leading to venular as well as to arteriolar occlusions. KW - COVID-19 KW - endocytosis KW - endothelial cell dysfunction KW - endotheliitis Y1 - 2020 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/clinical-hemorheology-and-microcirculation/ch209007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-209007 SN - 1875-8622 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 75 IS - 1 SP - 7 EP - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Krieger, Volker A1 - Hufert, Frank A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner T1 - Herd immunity or suppression strategy to combat COVID-19 T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - Some months ago, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) broke out in Wuhan, China, and spread rapidly around the world. Some states, such as the Netherlands, Germany, Great Britain, Sweden and the USA initially focused on keeping the restrictions for economy and society as low as possible. The responsible authorities were of the opinion - and still are e.g. in Sweden - that it is sufficient enough to protect particularly vulnerable persons such as the elderly or people with pre-existing conditions. The idea behind this is that as soon as 60 to 70 percent of the population is infected with a pathogen, a so-called “herd immunity” has developed. However, the increasing numbers of deaths and modelling studies showed the expected overload of the hospitals. Therefore, most countries decided for a temporary lockdown with the exception of Sweden. Based on the number of the total population, three times more people died from COVID-19 in Sweden (2679 deaths per 10 million inhabitants) compared to Germany (6848 deaths per 80 million inhabitants). The comparison Sweden versus Taiwan is even worse because 1072 times more people died in Sweden based on the number of the population (6 deaths per 24 million inhabitants). KW - COVID-19 KW - strategy KW - Sweden KW - Taiwan KW - Germany Y1 - 2020 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/clinical-hemorheology-and-microcirculation/ch209006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-209006 SN - 1875-8622 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 75 IS - 1 SP - 13 EP - 17 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Steinbrecht, Susanne A1 - Kiebist, Jan A1 - König, Rosalie A1 - Thiessen, Markus A1 - Schmidtke, Kai-Uwe A1 - Kammerer, Sarah A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner A1 - Scheibner, Katrin T1 - Synthesis of cyclophosphamide metabolites by a peroxygenase from Marasmius rotula for toxicological studies on human cancer cells T2 - AMB Express N2 - Cyclophosphamide (CPA) represents a widely used anti-cancer prodrug that is converted by liver cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes into the primary metabolite 4-hydroxycyclophosphamide (4-OH-CPA), followed by non-enzymatic generation of the bioactive metabolites phosphoramide mustard and acrolein. The use of human drug metabolites as authentic standards to evaluate their toxicity is essential for drug development. However, the chemical synthesis of 4-OH-CPA is complex and leads to only low yields and undesired side products. In past years, fungal unspecific peroxygenases (UPOs) have raised to powerful biocatalysts. They can exert the identical selective oxyfunctionalization of organic compounds and drugs as known for CYP enzymes with hydrogen peroxide being used as sole cosubstrate. Herein, we report the efficient enzymatic hydroxylation of CPA using the unspecific peroxygenase from Marasmius rotula (MroUPO) in a simple reaction design. Depending on the conditions used the primary liver metabolite 4-OH-CPA, its tautomer aldophosphamide (APA) and the overoxidized product 4-ketocyclophosphamide (4-keto-CPA) could be obtained. Using a kinetically controlled approach 4-OH-CPA was isolated with a yield of 32% (purity > 97.6%). Two human cancer cell lines (HepG2 and MCF-7) were treated with purified 4-OH-CPA produced by MroUPO (4-OH-CPAUPO). 4-OH-CPAUPO–induced cytotoxicity as measured by a luminescent cell viability assay and its genotoxicity as measured by γH2AX foci formation was not significantly different to the commercially available standard. The high yield of 4-OH-CPAUPO and its biological activity demonstrate that UPOs can be efficiently used to produce CYP-specific drug metabolites for pharmacological assessment. KW - Biocatalysis KW - Cyclophosphamide KW - Human drug metabolites KW - Peroxygenase KW - Toxicity Y1 - 2020 UR - https://amb-express.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s13568-020-01064-w U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-020-01064-w SN - 2191-0855 VL - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vagiannis, Dimitrios A1 - Novotna, Eva A1 - Skarka, Adam A1 - Kammerer, Sarah A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner A1 - Chen, Si A1 - Guo, Lei A1 - Staud, Frantisek A1 - Hofman, Jakub T1 - Ensartinib (X-396) Effectively Modulates Pharmacokinetic Resistance Mediated by ABCB1 and ABCG2 Drug Efflux Transporters and CYP3A4 Biotransformation Enzyme T2 - Cancers N2 - Ensartinib (X-396) is a promising tyrosine kinase inhibitor currently undergoing advanced clinical evaluation for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. In this work, we investigate possible interactions of this promising drug candidate with ATP-binding cassette (ABC) drug efflux transporters and cytochrome P450 biotransformation enzymes (CYPs), which play major roles in multidrug resistance (MDR) and pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions (DDIs). Accumulation studies showed that ensartinib is a potent inhibitor of ABCB1 and ABCG2 transporters. Additionally, incubation experiments with recombinant CYPs showed that ensartinib significantly inhibits CYP3A4 and CYP2C9. Subsequent molecular docking studies confirmed these findings. Drug combination experiments demonstrated that ensartinib synergistically potentiates the antiproliferative effects of daunorubicin, mitoxantrone, and docetaxel in ABCB1, ABCG2, and CYP3A4-overexpressing cellular models, respectively. Advantageously, ensartinib’s antitumor efficiency was not compromised by the presence of MDR-associated ABC transporters, although it acted as a substrate of ABCB1 in Madin-Darby Canine Kidney II (MDCKII) monolayer transport assays. Finally, we demonstrated that ensartinib had no significant effect on the mRNA-level expression of examined transporters and enzymes in physiological and lung tumor cellular models. In conclusion, ensartinib may perpetrate clinically relevant pharmacokinetic DDIs and modulate ABCB1-, ABCG2-, and CYP3A4-mediated MDR. The in vitro findings presented here will provide a valuable foundation for future in vivo investigations. KW - ensartinib KW - cancer KW - multidrug resistance KW - drug-drug interaction KW - ABC transporter KW - cytochrome P450 Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/12/4/813 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12040813 SN - 2072-6694 VL - 12 IS - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lau, S. A1 - Rangarajan, R. A1 - Krüger-Genge, Anne A1 - Braune, Steffen A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner A1 - Lendlein, Andreas A1 - Jung, Friedrich T1 - Age-related morphology and function of human arterial endothelial cells T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - Endothelialization of cardiovascular implants is regarded as a promising strategy for long-term compatibility. While umbilical vein endothelial cells are typically applied in research, human arterial endothelial cells (HAEC) from elderly donors would be the obvious source for autologous cellularization strategies. In our approach, HAEC from 16 donors of varying age (16–63 years) were divided into two groups (<30 years and >30 years) and analyzed regarding morphology, viability, proliferation, function and senescence status. No age-related differences were found regarding morphology, viability, density, prostacyclin and nitrite secretion or collagen and laminin production. However, the metabolic activity was slightly decreased (p = 0.0374) and the membrane integrity marginally impaired (p = 0.0404) in cells from older donors. Two out of three senescence assays detected more senescence markers in cells from older donors. According to the assays applied here, HAEC from young and elderly donors up to the age of 63 years could be judged equally suitable for autologous cellularization strategies. However, this finding should be regarded with caution due to the extremely large variability between individual donors. Further studies comprising a larger sample size are necessary to investigate this issue more thoroughly. KW - Cardiovascular implants KW - arterial endothelial cells KW - aging KW - senescence KW - donor variability Y1 - 2020 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/clinical-hemorheology-and-microcirculation/ch199238 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-199238 SN - 1875-8622 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 74 IS - 1 SP - 93 EP - 107 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sagradov, Ilja A1 - Schob, Daniela A1 - Roszak, Robert A1 - Maasch, Philipp A1 - Sparr, Holger A1 - Ziegenhorn, Matthias T1 - Experimental investigation and numerical modelling of 3D printed polyamide 12 with viscoplasticity and a crack model at different strain rates T2 - Materials Today Communications N2 - This contribution presents an investigation of strain rate dependent behaviour for selective laser sintered polyamide 12. Two different cases are considered: a strain rate change within tensile loading and a relaxation test incorporating a strain rate change after each holding time section. For the simulation of material behaviour the material model of Bodner-Partom and Chaboche were used. The damage behaviour was considered by the Lemaitre crack model. Thereby it was determined which numerical model is more suitable to reproduce the strain rate-dependent behaviour. Tensile and relaxation tests at constant speeds served as the basis for these investigations. KW - SLS-PA12 KW - Rate-dependent Chaboche model KW - Bodner-Partom model KW - Lemaitre Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2352492820325538 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtcomm.2020.101542 SN - 2352-4928 VL - 25 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kuebart, Andreas A1 - Stabler, Martin T1 - Infectious Diseases as Socio‐Spatial Processes: The COVID‐19 Outbreak In Germany T2 - Tijdschrift voor economische en sociale geografie = Journal of economic and social geography N2 - This paper argues that outbreaks of infectious diseases should be understood as socio‐spatial processes with complex geographies. Considering the different dimensions of space through which an outbreak unfolds, facilitates analysing spatial diffusion of infectious disease in contemporary societies. We attempt to highlight four relevant dimensions of space by applying the TPSN framework to the case of the recent COVID‐19 outbreak in Germany. By identifying key processes of disease diffusion in space, we can explain the spatial patterns of the COVID‐19 outbreak in Germany, which did not feature the well‐known patterns of spatially contagious as in or hierarchical diffusion. In contrast, we find superspreading events and especially relocation diffusion based on existing networks, on which the pathogen travelled like a blind passenger, to be more relevant. For us, these findings prove the value of combining relational thinking with geographic analysis for understanding epidemic outbreaks in contemporary societies. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/tesg.12429 SN - 1467-9663 SN - 0040-747X VL - 111 IS - 3 SP - 482 EP - 496 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ingenbosch, Kim N. A1 - Quint, Stephan A1 - Dyllick-Brenzinger, Melanie A1 - Wunschik, Dennis S. A1 - Kiebist, Jan A1 - Süss, Philipp A1 - Liebelt, Ute A1 - Zuhse, Ralf A1 - Menyes, Ulf A1 - Scheibner, Katrin A1 - Mayer, Christian A1 - Opwis, Klaus A1 - Gutmann, Jochen S. A1 - Hoffmann-Jacobsen, Kerstin T1 - Singlet oxygen generation by peroxidases and peroxygenases for chemo-enzymatic synthesis T2 - ChemBioChem N2 - Singlet oxygen is a reactive oxygen species undesired in living cells but a rare and valuable reagent in chemical synthesis. We present a fluorescence spectroscopic analysis of the singlet‐oxygen formation activity of commercial peroxidases and novel peroxygenases. Singlet‐oxygen sensor green (SOSG) is used as fluorogenic singlet oxygen trap. Establishing a kinetic model for the reaction cascade to the fluorescent SOSG endoperoxide permits a kinetic analysis of enzymatic singlet‐oxygen formation. All peroxidases and peroxygenases show singlet‐oxygen formation. No singlet oxygen activity could be found for any catalase under investigation. Substrate inhibition is observed for all reactive enzymes. The commercial dye‐decolorizing peroxidase industrially used for dairy bleaching shows the highest singlet‐oxygen activity and the lowest inhibition. This enzyme was immobilized on a textile carrier and successfully applied for a chemical synthesis. Here, ascaridole was synthesized via enzymatically produced singlet oxygen. KW - Peroxygenase Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cbic.202000326 SN - 1439-7633 SN - 1439-4227 VL - 22 IS - 2 SP - 398 EP - 407 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kuebart, Andreas A1 - Ibert, Oliver T1 - Beyond territorial conceptions of entrepreneurial ecosystems: The dynamic spatiality of knowledge brokering in seed accelerators T2 - Zeitschrift für Wirtschaftsgeographie N2 - In spatial terms, entrepreneurial ecosystems are mostly conceptualized as confined to a specific territory. At the same time, the growing relevance of entrepreneurship in digital fields is underlined. This paper argues that this is contradictory since territorial thinking underestimates the disruptive qualities of new entrepreneurial practices in the digital economy. Using process-based, qualita-tive case studies on seed accelerators from four regions: Amsterdam, Berlin, Detroit and Hamburg, this study seeks to explore knowledge brokering in entrepreneurship eco-systems and analyzes the corresponding spatial dynam-ics. Our findings imply that startups in digital fields share knowledge about business models and technologies in a way that is unattainable in classical knowledge clusters. Moreover, we show that most of the observed entrepre-neurial practices in seed accelerators crucially rely on extra-regional resources and thus remain only incom-pletely embedded into the respective regions. Against the background of these results, we suggest that entrepreneur-ial ecosystems should not be primarily viewed as territorial phenomena. Instead, we suggest that the territorial view on entrepreneurship ecosystems should be complemented with a topological view that foregrounds entrepreneurship as a trans-locally shared practice that is tangent to differ-ent regions in different ways. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/zfw-2018-0012 SN - 2365-7693 SN - 0044-3751 VL - 63 IS - 2-4 SP - 118 EP - 133 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kuebart, Andreas A1 - Ibert, Oliver T1 - Choreographies of entrepreneurship. How different formats of co-presence are combined to facilitate knowledge creation in seed accelerator programs T2 - Raumforschung und Raumordnung = Spatial Research and Planning N2 - This paper explores different functions of co-presence for collaborative knowledge creation in the context of seed accelerator programs. Seed accelerators offer programs of three to six months to enhance the growth of early-stage start-ups through various means of training and organizational development. In this paper, seed accelerator programs are analysed as orchestrated sequences of different types of physical co-presence. By drawing on qualitative case study data, the paper identifies eight different ways in which physical co-presence is used during seed accelerator programs. Through these eight types of co-presence, the analysis reveals that physical co-presence unfolds unique social dynamics that are utilized in a carefully designed combination of presence and absence. It is shown that physical co-presence is a means to enact relational distance and to bridge this distance for the benefit of the entrepreneurial process. Therefore, this paper adds a new perspective on how co-presence is used to facilitate the generation of value through collaborative knowledge creation. Y1 - 2020 SN - 1869-4179 SN - 0034-0111 VL - 78 IS - 1 SP - 35 EP - 51 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hansen, Felix A1 - Wels, Martin A1 - Froeschke, Samuel A1 - Popov, Alexey A1 - Wolf, Daniel A1 - Büchner, Bernd A1 - Schmidt, Peer A1 - Hampel, Silke T1 - Thermodynamic Evaluation and Chemical Vapor Transport of Few-Layer WTe2 T2 - Crystal Growth and Design N2 - Tungsten telluride WTe2 is the sole candidate of a group of two-dimensional layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) MX2 with a thermodynamically stable 1T′-structure at room temperature. The binary system W/Te was audited with respect to a rational approach of planning and realization of a bottom-up synthesis of WTe2 nanostructures. Thus, the parameters of the synthesis via chemical vapor transports (CVT) were derived by thermodynamic simulations of the reaction pathway according to the Calphad method. Reflecting on the peritectic melting behavior at 1020 °C, the values of ΔfHm° (298 K) = −26.5 kJ·mol−1 and Sm° (298 K) = 132 J·mol−1 ·K−1 have been obtained. According to modeling, crystal growth by short time vapor transport is reasonable under the addition of bromine or TeBr4 in the temperature range between 650 and 750 °C. Experimental implementation of crystal growth of WTe2 nanosheets succeeded in a temperature gradient from 725 to 675 °C on yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) (111) substrates, observing the deposition of single crystal sheets of high crystallinity with thicknesses of 15−20 nm (∼20−30 layers). The high crystallinity, pristine morphology, and overall quality of the deposited nanosheets is shown by means of atomic resolution transmission electron microscopy, selected area electron diffraction (SAED), and atomic force microscopy as well as profound double-polarized Raman spectroscopy. KW - Crystal growth KW - Chemical vapor transport KW - Thermodynamic modeling KW - 2D layered compounds KW - Chalcogenides KW - Phase diagram Y1 - 2020 UR - https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.cgd.0c01004 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.cgd.0c01004 SN - 1528-7505 VL - 20 IS - 11 SP - 7341 EP - 7349 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schilling, Laura A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Maul, Holger A1 - Tallarek, Marie A1 - Schneider, Sven T1 - Active and Passive Exposure to Tobacco and e-Cigarettes During Pregnancy T2 - Maternal and Child Health Journal N2 - Objectives Active and passive exposure to tobacco cigarettes during pregnancy is associated with multiple negative health outcomes for the fetus. In addition, exposure to e-cigarettes has been progressively discussed as a new threat to fetal health. Until now, there has been a lack of studies examining active and passive exposure to tobacco and e-cigarettes among pregnant women. The objective of our current STudy on E-cigarettes and Pregnancy (STEP) was to advance and complement the current knowledge regarding active and passive exposure to tobacco and e-cigarettes before pregnancy and during early and late pregnancy. Methods One element of the STEP study was a quantitative cross-sectional design: A sample of 540 pregnant women recruited at an obstetrician clinic in Hamburg from April 2018 to January 2019 were surveyed once via a standardized questionnaire and provided complete information regarding their consumption of tobacco and e-cigarettes. We performed a descriptive analysis of tobacco and e-cigarette use before pregnancy and during early and late pregnancy, as well as bivariate analysis of these variables with sociodemographic determinants. Passive exposure was assessed by asking the participating pregnant women about the consumption of tobacco and e-cigarettes by their partners, in general, and in their homes. Results Before pregnancy, 20.0% of the participants used tobacco cigarettes exclusively, 1.3% used e-cigarettes exclusively, and 6.5% were dual users. Educational level was significantly associated with tobacco cigarette use (p < 0.001) and dual use (p = 0.047) before pregnancy. During early (late) pregnancy, 8.7% (2.8%) used tobacco cigarettes and 0.4% (0.0%) used e-cigarettes exclusively. Twenty-point nine percent of women’s partners consumed tobacco cigarettes exclusively, 2.7% consumed e-cigarettes exclusively, and 2.7% consumed both. A total of 8.5% (16.7%) of the partners who consumed tobacco cigarettes exclusively (e-cigarettes exclusively) did so in the women’s homes. Conclusions for Practice Among pregnant women, the use of tobacco cigarettes remains prominent before and during pregnancy, while e-cigarette use predominately occurs before pregnancy. Our study shows that pregnant women are frequently exposed to their partners’ tobacco and e-cigarette use within their homes. Strategies to reduce such exposure should be further intensified. Significance In the last decade, e-cigarettes have become popular, and e-cigarette use has been increasing, even among pregnant women. However, there is a lack of knowledge concerning the exposure to e-cigarettes before pregnancy and during early and late pregnancy, as well as studies comparing e-cigarettes and tobacco cigarettes. The current study found that active exposure to e-cigarettes before pregnancy is high, while exposure during pregnancy is marginal. In contrast, exposure to tobacco cigarettes before and in early pregnancy is high but decreases during late pregnancy. In addition, the results of our study show that pregnant women are passively exposed to tobacco and e-cigarettes at home. Pregnant women should be advised against exposing themselves, actively or passively, to tobacco and e-cigarette smoke. KW - E-cigarette KW - Tobacco cigarette KW - Nicotine KW - Passive exposure KW - Pregnancy Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-020-03037-8 SN - 1092-7875 SN - 1573-6628 VL - 25 IS - 4 SP - 656 EP - 665 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sarachuk, Kirill A1 - Mißler-Behr, Magdalena T1 - Is Ultra-Broadband Enough? The Relationship between High-Speed Internet and Entrepreneurship in Brandenburg T2 - International Journal of Technology : (IJTech) N2 - Recent improvements in broadband infrastructure in Europe have introduced augmented possibilities for both businesses and individuals. As expected, the provision of high-speed internet connections for European users will be an important step towards Industry 4.0 as well as a better entrepreneurial milieu. Still, though scientific literature is replete with examples of how modern communication technologies boost productivity and economic performance, not much research indicates how broadband technologies may bolster entrepreneurship, especially at a very detailed, municipal level. The aim of this study was to find out whether high-speed broadband provision had any effect on higher firm entry rates in Brandenburg, Germany. This region was chosen because of its favorable position in the vicinity of the capital state, Berlin. We carried out an ordinary less square estimated regression analysis using a dataset built for 417 municipalities. The results show that ultra-broadband provision had no significant impact on well-performing municipalities and those located close to Berlin, with no impact in the general model, and also had a negative correlation in underperforming and peripheral areas (significant at a 5% level). This leads to the conclusion that advanced broadband infrastructure does not automatically translate into higher firm entry rates; there is no such urgency in the need for speed, as it might appear at first glance. KW - Broadband KW - Entrepreneurship KW - Germany KW - ICT Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.14716/ijtech.v11i6.4435 SN - 2087-2100 SN - 2086-9614 VL - 11 IS - 6 SP - 1103 EP - 1114 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gerber, Stephan A1 - Oevermann, Michael T1 - A two dimensional Euler-Lagrangian model of wood gasification in a charcoal bed - Part III: parameter influence and comparison T2 - Powder Technology N2 - The efficient utilization of biomass in fluidized bed reactors depends on numerous operation conditions and parameters which can be investigated systematically with computational models. Based on a previous study [1] we compare a base scenario which mimics the experimental situation with different parameter settings for an Euler-Lagrangian simulation of wood gasification in a fluidized charcoal bed. For the varied parameters superficial velocity, reactor wall temperature, air inlet temperature, wood particle size, and the wood inlet temperature we analyse the simulation results based on data for temporal evolution of reactor outlet temperature, averaged particle temperature, overall wood mass, overall charcoal mass, concentrations of several gaseous species (N2, CO, CO2, H2, H2O, CH4, C2H2, and three virtual tar components) and axial barycenter data of particles bed mass. Furthermore we show time averaged data for gaseous species and gas phase temperature at the reactor outlet. At the end we critically examine our findings under consideration of the models opportunities and limitations. KW - Wood gasification KW - Fluidized bed KW - Euler-Lagrange KW - Discrete element method KW - Charcoal bed KW - Gasification Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2016.12.057 SN - 0032-5910 VL - 310 SP - 163 EP - 174 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Goldfriedrich, Martin A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Fischer, Saskia M. T1 - Inklusionspädagogische Kompetenzen in der universitären Ausbildung von Grundschullehrkräften: Eine qualitative Inhaltsanalyse von Modulhandbüchern ausgewählter deutscher Studiengänge mit inklusionspädagogischem Profil T2 - QfI - Qualifizierung für Inklusion N2 - Die deutschen Hochschulen stehen bei der inklusionspädagogischen Qualifizierung von Lehrkräften vor großen Herausforderungen. Bisher liegen für diesen Bereich im deutschsprachigen Raum nur vereinzelte Kompetenzmodelle und Standards vor, an denen sich Hochschulen bei der Entwicklung von Studiengängen orientieren können. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird im vorliegenden Beitrag untersucht, welches Kompetenzprofil einer Lehrkraft im inklusiven Setting sich abzeichnet, wenn man Modulhandbücher (MHB) von inklusionspädagogisch ausgerichteten Lehramtsstudiengängen analysiert. Untersucht werden die MHB von acht Studiengängen mit einer weitgehenden Verschränkung regel- und sonderschulpädagogischer Anteile an vier deutschen Universitätsstandorten. Als Vergleichsmaßstab wird hierbei das Kompetenzprofil der European Agency for Development in Special Needs Education (2012) zugrunde gelegt, weil es einen vergleichsweise hohen Differenzierungsgrad aufweist. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass sich die in den MHB beschriebenen Kompetenzen vorrangig auf zwei der vier vorhandenen Werte im Kompetenzprofil der European Agency beziehen. Kompetenzbereiche innerhalb des Wertes Zusammenarbeit mit anderen und innerhalb des Wertes der persönlichen beruflichen Weiterentwicklung finden sich im Vergleich zu den Werten Wertschätzung der Vielfalt der Lernenden und Unterstützung aller Lernenden vergleichsweise selten. Mit Blick auf die Kompetenzdimensionen der European Agency (Wissen, Einstellungen, Fähigkeiten & Fertigkeiten) werden in den MHB insbesondere wissensbezogene Kompetenzdimensionen adressiert und seltener Fertigkeiten sowie Einstellungen. Diese und weitere Befunde werden vor dem Hintergrund der spezifischen Bedingungen der Lehrerbildung in Deutschland und dem Forschungsstand zu inklusionspädagogischen Lehrerkompetenzen innerhalb der GrundschullehrerInnenbildung diskutiert. Darüber hinaus werden Empfehlungen für eine inklusionspädagogisch ausgerichtete Curriculumentwicklung formuliert. KW - Inklusion KW - Lehrerausbildung KW - Lehrerkompetenz KW - Grundschule KW - inclusion KW - teacher training KW - teacher competence KW - primary school Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.qfi-oz.de/index.php/inklusion/article/view/35/59 U6 - https://doi.org/10.21248/QfI.35 SN - 2699-2477 VL - 2 IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yasenchuk, Yuri A1 - Marchenko, Ekaterina A1 - Baigonakova, Gulsharat A1 - Gunther, Sergey A1 - Kokorev, Oleg A1 - Gunther, Victor A1 - Chekalkin, Timofey A1 - Topolnitskiy, Evgeniy A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Kang, Ji-hoon T1 - Study on tensile, bending, fatigue, and in-vivo behavior of porous SHS-TiNi alloy used as a bone substitute T2 - Biomedical Materials N2 - Intermetallic porous SHS–TiNi alloys exhibit tangled and specific stress-strain characteristics. The article aims to evaluate the findings emanated from experiments using standard and proprietary instruments. Fatigue testing under repeated complex loading was used to measure the total number of load cycles to failure of SHS-TiNi samples. 70% of the tested samples, passed through 106 cycles without failure due to the reversible martensite transformation in the TiNi phase, one of the prevailing constituents of a multiphase matrix. The fractured surfaces were analyzed using SEM and confocal laser scanning instruments. Microscopic studies showed that the entire surface of the sample is concealed with the miscellaneous strata resulted from the SHS process, which effectively protect the porous alloy in a corrosive environment. Numerous non-metallic inclusions, which are also attributed to the SHS reaction, do not have a significant impact on the deformation behavior and fatigue performance. In this context, the successful in vivo functioning of porous grafts assessed in a canine rib-plasty model allows the bone substitute to be congruentially deformed in the body without rejection and degradation, having a long operational life, often greater than 17 million cycles. It acknowledges the potential benefits of SHS–TiNi as a superior osteoplastic material and its high resistance to corrosion fatigue. KW - porous TiNi KW - self-propagating high-temperature synthesis KW - fatigue strength KW - corrosion fatigue KW - biocompatibility Y1 - 2021 UR - https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-605X/aba327/meta U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-605X/aba327 SN - 1748-605X VL - 16 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Medeiros, Thiarles S. A1 - Berned, Gustavo P. A1 - Navarro, Antoni A1 - Rossi, Fábio D. A1 - Luizelli, Marcelo C. A1 - Brandalero, Marcelo A1 - Hübner, Michael A1 - Beck, Antonio Carlos Schneider A1 - Lorenzon, Arthur F. T1 - Aging-Aware Parallel Execution T2 - IEEE Embedded System Letters Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/LES.2020.3021854 SN - 1943-0663 VL - 13 (2021) IS - 3 SP - 122 EP - 125 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yoshikawa, Harunori A1 - Kang, Changwoo A1 - Mutabazi, Innocent A1 - Zaussinger, Florian A1 - Haun, Peter A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Thermoelectrohydrodynamic convection in parallel plate capacitors under dielectric heating conditions T2 - Physical review fluids Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.5.113503 SN - 2469-990X VL - 5 IS - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Breuß, Michael A1 - Hoeltgen, Laurent A1 - Radow, Georg T1 - Towards PDE-Based Video Compression with Optimal Masks Prolongated by Optic Flow T2 - Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision N2 - Lossy image compression methods based on partial differential equations have received much attention in recent years. They may yield high-quality results but rely on the computationally expensive task of finding an optimal selection of data. For the possible extension to video compression, this data selection is a crucial issue. In this context, one could either analyse the video sequence as a whole or perform a frame-by-frame optimisation strategy. Both approaches are prohibitive in terms of memory and run time. In this work, we propose to restrict the expensive computation of optimal data to a single frame and to approximate the optimal reconstruction data for the remaining frames by prolongating it by means of an optic flow field. In this way, we achieve a notable decrease in the computational complexity. As a proof-of-concept, we evaluate the proposed approach for multiple sequences with different characteristics. In doing this, we discuss in detail the influence of possible computational setups. We show that the approach preserves a reasonable quality in the reconstruction and is very robust against errors in the flow field. KW - Partial differential equations KW - Inpainting KW - Laplace interpolation KW - Optic flow KW - Video reconstruction Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10851-020-00973-6 SN - 1573-7683 SN - 0924-9907 VL - 63 IS - 2 SP - 144 EP - 156 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wadekar, Sandip A1 - Janas, Peter A1 - Oevermann, Michael T1 - Large-eddy simulation study of combustion cyclic variation in a lean-burn spark ignition engine T2 - Applied Energy N2 - Multi-cycle large-eddy simulation (LES) was performed to investigate combustion cyclic variability (CCV) in a single cylinder spark ignition engine with a homogeneous lean ( = 1.25) isooctane-air mixture. The aim was to obtain physical insights into the early stage of combustion and its influence on CCV. Propagation of the flame was modeled by a transport equation for the filtered flame surface density within the LES framework. The ignition process was represented by the imposed stretch spark ignition model (ISSIM-LES). Ten consecutive cold flow LES cycles followed by two initialization cycles (12 cycles in total) were used to perform the reactive simulations concurrently. The simulation results were compared with experimental data. Although the number of computed cycles was fairly low, the LES was able to reproduce the cyclic variability observed in experiments both quantitatively and qualitatively. Firstly, validation of the simulation was done by comparing measured pressure traces. Secondly, correlations between the timing of the 10% fuel burnt mass fraction with early flame kernel growth and initial-to-turbulent transition period (in which there was an asymmetric flame kernel that persisted through the early development periods) were determined. Thirdly, calculated results of the flame propagation were analyzed at two cross-sections (in swirl and tumble planes) of the combustion chamber, which highlighted differences in instantaneous flame structures and propagation characteristics between the fastest and slowest cycles. Good overall agreement was obtained between the measurements and simulation data. The results revealed that the instantaneous velocity and fluctuation of flows around the spark vicinity affect growth of the early flame kernel and cause combustion cyclic variability. KW - Large-eddy simulation KW - Combustion cyclic variation KW - Flame surface density KW - Ignition modelling KW - Lean combustion Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.113812 SN - 0306-2619 VL - 255 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Netzer, Corinna A1 - Li, Tian A1 - Seidel, Lars A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Løvås, Terese T1 - Stochastic Reactor-Based Fuel Bed Model for Grate Furnaces T2 - Energy & Fuels N2 - Biomass devolatilization and incineration in grate-fired plants are characterized by heterogeneous fuel mixtures, often incompletely mixed, dynamical processes in the fuel bed and on the particle scale, as well as heterogeneous and homogeneous chemistry. This makes modeling using detailed kinetics favorable but computationally expensive. Therefore, a computationally efficient model based on zero-dimensional stochastic reactors and reduced chemistry schemes, consisting of 83 gas-phase species and 18 species for surface reactions, is developed. Each reactor is enabled to account for the three phases: the solid phase, pore gas surrounding the solid, and the bulk gas. The stochastic reactors are connected to build a reactor network that represents the fuel bed in grate-fired furnaces. The use of stochastic reactors allows us to account for incompletely mixed fuel feeds, distributions of local temperature and local equivalence ratio within each reactor and the fuel bed. This allows us to predict the released gases and emission precursors more accurately than if a homogeneous reactor network approach was employed. The model approach is demonstrated by predicting pyrolysis conditions and two fuel beds of grate-fired plants from the literature. The developed approach can predict global operating parameters, such as the fuel bed length, species release to the freeboard, and species distributions within the fuel bed to a high degree of accuracy when compared to experiments. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c02868 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c02868 SN - 1520-5029 VL - 34 IS - 12 SP - 16599 EP - 16612 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ginzburg, Svetlana A1 - Morozova, Iuliia A1 - Kloshek, Alexander A1 - Ossenbrink, Ralf A1 - Michailov, Vesselin A1 - Bobrynina, Elizaveta A1 - Koltsova, Tatiana S. A1 - Tolochko, Oleg V. A1 - Koçak, Mustafa A1 - Ozbek, Sunullah A1 - Morozova, Iuliia T1 - Addition of nanoparticles to flux cored wires for the nucleation of acicular ferrite microstructure in weld metals of the high-strength low-alloy steel T2 - Welding and Cutting N2 - For the reliability of many welded structures like pipelines or offshore wind parks, it is necessary to ensure high mechanical properties such as strength and toughness of the entire material. In order to improve quality of weld joints, flux cored rods and wires containing different nanoparticles (ZrO2, LaB6 and Al2O3) were manufactured and welded with the TIG and MAG welding processes. Influence of these nanoparticles on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the weld joints were investigated. The acicular ferrite and improved strength of the weld metals were observed by the addition of 0.2 wt.% of iron powder with ZrO2 nanoparticles to the filling of flux cored wires. Y1 - 2020 SN - 1612-3433 VL - 19 IS - 1 SP - 48 EP - 53 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Scheibner, Katrin A1 - Ullrich, René A1 - Kiebist, Jan A1 - Kellner, Harald A1 - Hofrichter, Martin T1 - Unspezifische Peroxygenasen - Oxyfunktionalisierung außerhalb der Pilzhyphe T2 - Biospektrum KW - Peroxygenase Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12268-020-1338-x SN - 1868-6249 SN - 0947-0867 VL - 26 IS - 1 SP - 103 EP - 106 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shirzhiyan, Zahra A1 - Keihani, Ahmadreza A1 - Farahi, Morteza A1 - Shamsi, Elham A1 - GolMohammadi, Mina A1 - Mahnam, Amin A1 - Haidari, Mohsen Reza A1 - Jafari, Amir Homayoun T1 - Toward New Modalities in VEP-Based BCI Applications Using Dynamical Stimuli: Introducing Quasi-Periodic and Chaotic VEP-Based BCI T2 - Frontiers in Neuroscience N2 - Visual evoked potentials (VEPs) to periodic stimuli are commonly used in brain computer interfaces for their favorable properties such as high target identification accuracy, less training time, and low surrounding target interference. Conventional periodic stimuli can lead to subjective visual fatigue due to continuous and high contrast stimulation. In this study, we compared quasi-periodic and chaotic complex stimuli to common periodic stimuli for use with VEP-based brain computer interfaces (BCIs). Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) and coherence methods were used to evaluate the performance of the three stimulus groups. Subjective fatigue caused by the presented stimuli was evaluated by the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Using CCA with the M2 template approach, target identification accuracy was highest for the chaotic stimuli (M = 86.8, SE = 1.8) compared to the quasi-periodic (M = 78.1, SE = 2.6, p = 0.008) and periodic (M = 64.3, SE = 1.9, p = 0.0001) stimulus groups. The evaluation of fatigue rates revealed that the chaotic stimuli caused less fatigue compared to the quasi-periodic (p = 0.001) and periodic (p = 0.0001) stimulus groups. In addition, the quasi-periodic stimuli led to lower fatigue rates compared to the periodic stimuli (p = 0.011). We conclude that the target identification results were better for the chaotic group compared to the other two stimulus groups with CCA. In addition, the chaotic stimuli led to a less subjective visual fatigue compared to the periodic and quasi-periodic stimuli and can be suitable for designing new comfortable VEP-based BCIs. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2020.534619 SN - 1662-453X VL - 14 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lopens, Steffi A1 - Krawczyk, Marcin A1 - Papp, Maria A1 - Milkiewicz, Piotr A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Liu, Yudong A1 - Wunsch, Ewa A1 - Conrad, Karsten A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk T1 - The search for the Holy Grail: autoantigenic targets in primary sclerosing cholangitis asscociated with diesease phenotype an neoplasia T2 - Autoimmunity Highlights Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s13317-020-00129-x SN - 2038-3274 SN - 2038-0305 VL - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Carsten A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Gerber, Ulrike A1 - Schröder, Christian A1 - Choi, Youngeun A1 - Bald, Ilko A1 - Lehmann, Werner A1 - Rödiger, Stefan T1 - Streptavidin Homologues for Applications on Solid Surfaces at High Temperatures T2 - Langmuir Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b02339 SN - 1520-5827 SN - 0743-7463 VL - 36 IS - 2 SP - 628 EP - 636 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Burdukiewicz, Michał A1 - Sidorczuk, Katarzyna A1 - Rafacz, Dominik A1 - Pietluch, Filip A1 - Chilimoniuk, Jarosław A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Przemysław, Gagat T1 - Proteomic Screening for Prediction and Design of Antimicrobial Peptides with AmpGram T2 - International Journal of Molecular Sciences Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21124310 SN - 1422-0067 SN - 1661-6596 VL - 21 IS - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Volkov, Ilan A1 - Seguro, Luciana A1 - Leion, Elaine P. A1 - Kovács, László A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Gilburd, Boris A1 - Doria, Andrea A1 - Tektonidou, Maria G. A1 - Agmon-Levin, Nancy T1 - Profiles of criteria and non-criteria anti-phospholipid autoantibodies are associated with clinical phenotypes of the antiphospholipid syndrome T2 - Autoimmunity Highlights Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s13317-020-00131-3 SN - 2038-3274 SN - 2038-0305 VL - 11 SP - 1 EP - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Matos Fialho, Paula Mayara A1 - Dragano, Nico A1 - Reuter, Marvin A1 - Metzendorf, Maria-Inti A1 - Richter, Bernd A1 - Hoffmann, Stephanie A1 - Diehl, Katharina A1 - Wachtler, Benjamin A1 - Sundmacher, Leonie A1 - Herke, Max A1 - Pischke, Claudia R. T1 - Mapping the evidence regarding school-to- work/ university transition and health inequalities among young adults: a scoping review protocol T2 - BMJ Open N2 - School-to-work/university transition is a sensitive period that can have a substantial impact on health and health behaviour over the life course. There is some indication that health and health behaviour is socially patterned in the age span of individuals in this transition (16–24 years) and that there are differences by socioeconomic position (SEP). However, evidence regarding this phenomenon has not been systematically mapped. In addition, little is known about the role of institutional characteristics (eg, of universities, workplaces) in the development of health and possible inequalities in health during this transition. Hence, the first objective of this scoping review is to systematically map the existing evidence regarding health and health behaviours (and possible health inequalities, for example, differences by SEP) in the age group of 16–24 years and during school-to-work transition noted in Germany and abroad. The second objective is to summarise the evidence on the potential effects of contextual and compositional characteristics of specific institutions entered during this life stage on health and health behaviours. Third, indicators and measures of these characteristics will be summarised.Methods and analysisWe will systematically map the evidence on health inequalities during school-to-work-transitions among young adults (aged 16–24 years), following the methodological framework proposed by Arksey and O’Malley. The literature search is performed in Ovid MEDLINE, Web of Science, International Labour Organization and National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, using a predetermined search strategy. Articles published between January 2000 and February 2020 in English or German are considered for the review. The selection process follows a two-step approach: (1) screening of titles and abstracts, and (2) screening of full texts, both steps by two independent reviewers. Any discrepancies in the selection process are resolved by a third researcher. Data extraction will be performed using a customised data extraction sheet. The results will be presented in tabular and narrative form.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required for this scoping review. The results will be published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal and presented at international conferences and project workshops. KW - school-to-work transition KW - school-to-university transition KW - health inequalities KW - young adults KW - scoping review Y1 - 2020 UR - https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/10/12/e039831.info U6 - https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039831 SN - 2044-6055 VL - 10 IS - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Breuß, Michael A1 - Kleefeld, Andreas T1 - Implicit Monotone Difference Methods for Scalar Conservation Laws with Source Terms T2 - Acta Mathematica Vietnamica N2 - In this article, a concept of implicit methods for scalar conservation laws in one or more spatial dimensions allowing also for source terms of various types is presented. This material is a significant extension of previous work of the first author (Breuß SIAM J. Numer. Anal. 43(3), 970–986 2005). Implicit notions are developed that are centered around a monotonicity criterion. We demonstrate a connection between a numerical scheme and a discrete entropy inequality, which is based on a classical approach by Crandall and Majda. Additionally, three implicit methods are investigated using the developed notions. Next, we conduct a convergence proof which is not based on a classical compactness argument. Finally, the theoretical results are confirmed by various numerical tests. KW - Conservation laws KW - Finite difference methods KW - Implicit methods KW - Monotone methods KW - Source term KW - Entropy solution Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s40306-019-00354-1 SN - 2315-4144 SN - 0251-4184 VL - 45 IS - 3 SP - 709 EP - 738 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Breuß, Michael A1 - Buhl, Johannes A1 - Mansouri Yarahmadi, Ashkan A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Peter, Pascal T1 - A Simple Approach to Stiffness Enhancement of a Printable Shape by Hamilton-Jacobi Skeletonization T2 - Procedia Manufacturing N2 - The 3D-Printing technology is ready to produce parts with specific properties like individual stiffness. Based on a predefined outer shape, the inner structure of a printed part defines mainly the mechanical features. By Hamilton-Jacobi skeletonization, a stiffness enhancement of a printable shape can be achieved in a way, that a novel AM-corner includes linear axis function. Originating in the field of shape analysis in computer vision and graphics, the so-called medial axis transform (MAT) is designed for the computation of a structure that resembles the bone structure of biological shapes. The input for MAT computation is typically a shape’s boundary. The arising topological skeletons have proven to provide a useful concept for many applications; however, their computation is generally intricate and also known to rely on many parameters, diminishing the accessibility of skeletonization methods. In this work, the classical Hamilton-Jacobi skeletonization approach is adopted to compute a stability enhancing shape structure. As the basic method has not been designed for the context of additive manufacturing, a set of suitable modifications are introduced to design an algorithm that suits our intended purpose. Unlike the traditional skeletonization schemes, the resulting method appears to be robust and in practice almost completely automated as we can identify useful generic parameter settings. By a finite element method (FEM) study, the elastic stress properties of the AM-corner with linear axis function is validated and printed with in metal (1.4404) with the 3D Selected Laser Melting (SLM) system AconityMIDI. The AM-knot with skeletonization guides approximately 20 times better than a standard knot. While the first obtained results are shown as 2.5 dimensional shapes, it is emphasized that the proposed algorithm offers many possibilities for extensions to three dimensions and variations in context of additive manufacturing. KW - Skeletonization KW - Hamilton-Jacobi skeletonization KW - stiffness enhancement KW - 3D printing KW - additive manufacturing Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2020.04.147 SN - 2351-9789 N1 - 23rd International Conference on Material Forming (ESAFORM 2020) VL - Vol. 47 SP - 1190 EP - 1196 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ali, Aamir A1 - Kolenda, Rafał A1 - Khan, Muhammad Moman A1 - Weinreich, Jörg A1 - Li, Ganwu A1 - Wieler, Lothar H. A1 - Tedin, Karsten A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Schierack, Peter T1 - Novel Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli Genes Responsible for Adhesion to Chicken and Human Cell Lines T2 - Applied and Environmental Microbiology Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01068-20 SN - 1098-5336 VL - 86 IS - 20 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Heiden, Stefan E. A1 - Khan, Muhammad Moman A1 - Nikolaus, Lena A1 - Kolenda, Rafał A1 - Stubbe, Michael A1 - Lkhagvasuren, Davaa A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Guenther, Sebastian A1 - Schaufler, Katharina T1 - Genomic and Phenotypic Analysis of an ESBL-Producing E. coli ST1159 Clonal Lineage From Wild Birds in Mongolia T2 - Frontiers in Microbiology Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.01699 SN - 1664-302X VL - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reimann, Ronny A1 - Zeng, Bo A1 - Jakopec, Martin A1 - Burdukiewicz, Michał A1 - Petrick, Ingolf A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Rödiger, Stefan T1 - Classification of dead and living microalgae Chlorella vulgaris by bioimage informatics an machine learning T2 - Algal Research Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.algal.2020.101908 SN - 2211-9264 VL - 48 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Burdukiewicz, Michał A1 - Sidorczuk, Katarzyna A1 - Rafacz, Dominik A1 - Pietluch, Filip A1 - Bakała, Mateusz A1 - Słowik, Jadwiga A1 - Gagat, Przemysław T1 - CancerGram: An Effective Classifier for Differentiating Anticancer from Antimicrobial Peptides T2 - Pharmaceutics Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics1211145 SN - 1999-4923 VL - 12 IS - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Elmont, Emilien A1 - Reinhold, Dirk A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Conrad, Karsten A1 - Boucraut, Joseph T1 - Autoimmune Perpheral Neuropathies and Contribution of Antiganglioside/Sulphatide Autoantibody Testing T2 - Mediterranean Jounal of Rheumatology Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.31138/mjr.31.1.10 SN - 2529-198X VL - 31 IS - 1 SP - 10 EP - 18 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Deutschmann, Claudia A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Rödiger, Stefan T1 - Autoantibody testing by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-a case in which the solid phase decides on success and failure T2 - Heliyon Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03270 SN - 2405-8440 VL - 6 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schiebel, Juliane A1 - Noack, Jonas A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Kammel, Anne A1 - Menzel, Friederike A1 - Schwibbert, Karin A1 - Weise, Matthias A1 - Weiss, Romano A1 - Böhm, Alexander A1 - Nitschke, Jörg A1 - Elimport, Alexey A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Schierack, Peter T1 - Analysis of three-dimensional biofilms on different material surfaces T2 - Biomaterials Science Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/D0BM00455C SN - 2047-4849 VL - 8 IS - 12 SP - 3500 EP - 3510 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dinter, Franziska A1 - Jurischka, Christoph A1 - Weiss, Romano A1 - Rödiger, Stefan T1 - Multiparametrische Antikörperdetektion für die Diagnostik T2 - BIOspektrum Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1077/s12268-020-1375-5 SN - 1868-6249 SN - 0947-0867 VL - 26 IS - 3 SP - 265 EP - 267 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bähr, Martin A1 - Buhl, Johannes A1 - Radow, Georg A1 - Schmidt, Johannes A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Breuß, Michael A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin T1 - Stable honeycomb structures and temperature based trajectory optimization for wire-arc additive manufacturing T2 - Optimization and Engineering N2 - We consider two mathematical problems that are connected and occur in the layer-wise production process of a workpiece using wire-arc additive manufacturing. As the first task, we consider the automatic construction of a honeycomb structure, given the boundary of a shape of interest. In doing this, we employ Lloyd’s algorithm in two different realizations. For computing the incorporated Voronoi tesselation we consider the use of a Delaunay triangulation or alternatively, the eikonal equation. We compare and modify these approaches with the aim of combining their respective advantages. Then in the second task, to find an optimal tool path guaranteeing minimal production time and high quality of the workpiece, a mixed-integer linear programming problem is derived. The model takes thermal conduction and radiation during the process into account and aims to minimize temperature gradients inside the material. Its solvability for standard mixed-integer solvers is demonstrated on several test-instances. The results are compared with manufactured workpieces. KW - Mixed-integer linear programming KW - Geometric optimization KW - Eikonal equation KW - Heat transmission KW - Additive manufacturing KW - Centroidal Voronoi tesselation Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11081-020-09552-5 SN - 1573-2924 VL - 22 IS - 2 SP - 913 EP - 974 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wälder, Konrad A1 - Wälder, Olga T1 - Altersbeurteilung beim Wildschwein (Sus scrofa) mittels Poisson-Regression T2 - Beiträge zur Jagd- und Wildtierforschung N2 - Im vorliegenden Beitrag wurde gezeigt, wie mittels Poisson-Regression ein Vorhersagemodell für das Alter von männlichen Wildschweinen in Abhängigkeit von der proximalen Eckzahn-Breite und der Breite der Schliff-Facette erstellt werden kann. Für die Modellanpassung wurden dabei die Werte von 22 Tieren verwendet. Bei diesen Tieren aus Gatterhaltung war das tatsächliche Alter bekannt. Für die gegebenen Alterswerte wurde eine sehr gute Anpassungsgüte erreicht. Um das Modell zu überprüfen bzw. zu validieren wurde das Alter von weiteren 99 Tieren vorhergesagt, für die allerdings nicht das tatsächliche, sondern nur das Abrasionsalter vorlag. Das Abrasionsalter konnte mit dem Modell dennoch mit hoher Genauigkeit bestimmt werden. In einem weiteren Ansatz zur Überprüfung des Modells wurden Werte für die proximale Eckzahn-Breite und die Breite der Schliff-Facette für einjährige und 6-jährige Tiere simuliert. Die resultierende Altersvorhersage für die simulierten Zahnwerte bzw. fiktiven Tiere wies eine sehr hohe Übereinstimmung mit dem Sollalter der Tiere auf. Aufgrund des doch recht geringen Stichprobenumfangs ist die Allgemeingültigkeit der Modellierung eingeschränkt. Weitere Untersuchungen auch im Hinblick auf weibliche Tiere sind daher angedacht. KW - Altersbestimmung KW - Wildschwein KW - Poisson-Regression Y1 - 2020 SN - 1436-3895 VL - 45 SP - 277 EP - 284 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wälder, Konrad T1 - Modellierung der Ausbreitung von Tierkrankheiten und von Risiken am Beispiel der Afrikanischen Schweinepest (ASP) T2 - Beiträge zur Jagd- und Wildtierforschung N2 - Im vorliegenden Beitrag wurde gezeigt, wie die zeitliche Ausbreitung der afrikanischen Schweinepest mittels eines Poisson-Punktprozesses modelliert werden kann. Für die Modellanpassung wurden dabei die Werte bekannte Fallzahlen aus Italien, Polen Litauen und Lettland verwendet. Für diese Länder liegen die Anzahlen erkrankter Tiere sowohl bei Wild- als auch Hausschweinen vor. In den meisten Fällen wurde eine sehr gute Anpassungsgüte erreicht. Hinsichtlich der Risikomodellierung bzw. einer Risikobetrachtung wurde der Value-at-Risk vorgeschlagen und für einen Betrachtungszeitraum von 2 Monaten bestimmt. Ziel dieses Beitrags ist es, insbesondere Modellierungsmöglichkeiten aufzuzeigen. Weitergehende Analysen mit einer detaillierteren räumlichen und zeitlichen Aufteilung der Fallzahlen sind sicherlich sinnvoll. KW - ASP KW - Poisson-Punktprozess KW - Risikoanalyse KW - Value-at-Risk (VaR) Y1 - 2020 SN - 1436-3895 VL - 45 SP - 27 EP - 32 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Feindt, Peter H. A1 - Bahrs, Enno A1 - Hamm, Ulrich A1 - Isselstein, Johannes A1 - Schröder, Stefan A1 - Wagner, Sven A1 - Wedekind, Helmut A1 - Wolters, Volkmar T1 - Wie die Politik auf die Bedrohung der Biodiversität in Agrarlandschaften durch den Klimawandel reagieren kann. Stellungnahme des Wissenschaftlichen Beirats für Biodiversität und Genetische Ressourcen beim Bundesministerium für Ernährung und Landwirtschaft T2 - Berichte über Landwirtschaft : Zeitschrift für Agrarpolitik und Landwirtschaft. Sonderheft Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.12767/buel.vi232.330 SN - 2196-5099 IS - 232 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Amelina, Anna A1 - Schäfer, Jana A1 - Trzeciak, Miriam Friz T1 - Classificatory Struggles Revisited: Theorizing Current Conflicts over Migration, Belonging and Membership T2 - Journal of Immigrant & Refugee Studies Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15562948.2020.1854918 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/15562948.2020.1854918 SN - 1556-2956 VL - 19 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nones, Michael A1 - Caviedes-Voullième, Daniel T1 - Computational advances and innovations in flood risk mapping T2 - Journal of Flood Risk Management Y1 - 2020 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/jfr3.12666 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/jfr3.12666 SN - 1753-318X VL - 13 IS - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Saskia M. A1 - John, Nancy A1 - Melzer, Wolfgang A1 - Kaman, Anne A1 - Winter, Kristina A1 - Bilz, Ludwig T1 - Mobbing und Cybermobbing bei Kindern und Jugendlichen in Deutschland – Querschnittergebnisse der HBSC-Studie 2017/18 und Trends T2 - Journal of Health Monitoring N2 - Mobbing ist eine spezifsche Form der Gewalt, die mit vielfältigen und langfristigen negativen gesundheitlichen Auswirkungen einhergehen kann. Obwohl eine starke mediale Fokussierung insbesondere auf Cybermobbing zu beobachten ist, liegen nur wenige repräsentative Befunde zur Häufgkeit von (Cyber-)Mobbing in Deutschland vor. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird untersucht, wie verbreitet Mobbing und Cybermobbing an Schulen in Deutschland im Jahr 2018 waren, welche Unterschiede zwischen Mädchen und Jungen, verschiedenen Altersgruppen und Schulformen vorliegen und wie sich die Verbreitung von Mobbing von 2002 bis 2018 entwickelt hat. Dazu werden Daten der deutschen „Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC)“-Studie 2017/18 (N = 4.347 Lernende, 53,0 % weiblich) sowie der vorangegangenen Erhebungswellen analysiert. Jungen gaben 2018 häufger als Mädchen an, Mobbing ausgeübt zu haben, berichteten aber genauso häufg davon, selbst gemobbt worden zu sein. 15-Jährige berichteten häufger als 11- und 13-Jährige, andere gemobbt zu haben und seltener, selbst gemobbt worden zu sein. Schülerinnen und Schüler an Gymnasien gaben am seltensten an, in Mobbing involviert gewesen zu sein. Nur wenige Kinder und Jugendliche berichteten von Cybermobbing. Im Vergleich zu allen vorherigen Erhebungsjahren berichteten 2018 die wenigsten Heranwachsenden davon, andere zu mobben. Die Häufgkeit der berichteten Erfahrung, gemobbt zu werden, hat sich dagegen kaum verändert. Die Befunde verdeutlichen die Notwendigkeit, evidenzbasierte präventive Anti-Mobbing-Programme und Interventionsmaßnahmen an allen allgemeinbildenden Schulformen und in allen Altersgruppen einzusetzen. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://edoc.rki.de/handle/176904/6972 U6 - https://doi.org/10.25646/6894 SN - 2511-2708 VL - 5 IS - 3 SP - 56 EP - 72 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Arpaia, Riccardo A1 - Ying Ying, Peng A1 - Fumagalli, Roberto A1 - Braicovich, Lucio A1 - Di Castro, Carlo A1 - Grilli, Marco A1 - Ghiringhelli, Giacomo Claudio A1 - Caprara, Sergio T1 - Strange metal behaviour from charge density fluctuations in cuprates T2 - Communications Physics N2 - Besides the mechanism responsible for high critical temperature superconductivity, the grand unresolved issue of the cuprates is the occurrence of a strange metallic state above the so-called pseudogap temperature T*. Even though such state has been successfully described within a phenomenological scheme, the so-called Marginal Fermi-Liquid theory, a microscopic explanation is still missing. However, recent resonant X-ray scattering experiments identified a new class of charge density fluctuations characterized by low characteristic energies and short correlation lengths, which are related to the well-known charge density waves. These fluctuations are present over a wide region of the temperature-vs-doping phase diagram and extend well above T*. Here we investigate the consequences of charge density fluctuations on the electron and transport properties and find that they can explain the strange metal phenomenology. Therefore, charge density fluctuations are likely the long-sought microscopic mechanism underlying the peculiarities of the metallic state of cuprates. KW - Electronic properties and materials KW - Superconducting properties and materials Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.nature.com/articles/s42005-020-00505-z U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s42005-020-00505-z SN - 2399-3650 VL - 4 SP - 1 EP - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tschumi, Matthias A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Blasiusson, Sandra A1 - Jörgensen, Martin A1 - Smith, Henrik G. A1 - Ekroos, Johan T1 - Woody elements benefit bird diversity to a larger extent thansemi-natural grasslands in cereal-dominated landscapes T2 - Basic and Applied Ecology N2 - Increasing landscape complexity can mitigate negative effects of agricultural intensification on biodiversity by offeringresources complementary to those provided in arablefields. In particular, grazed semi-natural grasslands and woody elementssupport farmland birds, but little is known about their relative effects on bird diversity and community composition. In addition,the relative importance of local habitat versus landscape composition remains unclear. We investigated how the presence ofsemi-natural grasslands, the number of woody elements and the composition of the wider agricultural landscape affect bird spe-cies richness, true diversity (exponential Shannon diversity) and species composition. Bird communities were surveyed fourtimes on 16 paired transects of 250 m each with 8 transects placed between a cropfield and a semi-natural grassland and 8transects between two cropfields with no semi-natural grasslands in the vicinity. The number of woody elements around trans-ects was selected as an important predictor in all models, having a positive effect on species richness and true diversity, whilethe local presence of semi-natural grasslands was not selected in the best models. However, species richness and true diversityincreased with increasing cover of ley and semi-natural grasslands, whereas species composition was modified by the coverageof winter wheat at the landscape scale. Furthermore, bird species richness, true diversity and species composition differedbetween sampling dates. As bird diversity benefited from woody elements, rather than from the local presence of semi-naturalgrasslands as such, it is important to maintain woody structures in farmland. However, the positive effect of grassland at thelandscape scale highlights the importance of habitat variability at multiple scales. Because species richness and true diversitywere affected by different landscape components compared to species composition, a mosaic of land-use types is needed toachieve multiple conservation goals across agricultural landscapes. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2020.03.005 SN - 1439-1791 VL - 46 SP - 15 EP - 23 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tluste, Claudia A1 - Bröring, Udo A1 - Němec, Tomáš A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Morphometric traits of shells determine utilization marks in the Roman Snail in eastern Germany T2 - Web Ecology N2 - Overexploitation, habitat destruction and a changing climate threaten populations of the Roman snail(Helix pomatiaLinnaeus, 1758), which has led to a high protection status in Germany. Vertebrate and inver-tebrate predators, including parasites and facultative parasitoids, further cause pressure on populations. Giventhe conservation concern forH. pomatiaand its rarity in the study region (Cottbus, Germany), we studied howpredators and facultative parasitoids utilizeH. pomatiashells with a focus on non-invasive field methods. As pre-vious studies indicated that shell size may affect prey selection by predators, morphometric traits were measuredin eight subpopulations. We identified the total number and percentage ofH. pomatiashells that showed externalattack marks by predators and internal utilization marks by Diptera pupae and related those utilization patternsto the morphometric traits of shells. A large proportion of the shells in local subpopulations showed signs ofexternal attack and internal utilization, and both utilization forms were positively correlated. External attacks bypredators were more frequent in larger shells and internal utilization by Diptera was more common in shells withhigher body density. These results suggest a considerable pressure by predators and potential facultative para-sitoids onH. pomatiapopulations in the study area. Future research should focus on the relationship betweensnails from the family Helicidae and flies from the genusDiscomyza. Conservation programmes should considerabiotic habitat conditions together with potential trophic interactions to maximize the success of conservationstrategies Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/we-20-87-2020 SN - 1399-1183 SN - 2193-3081 VL - 20 IS - 2 SP - 87 EP - 94 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Samways, Michael J. A1 - Barton, Philip S. A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Chichorro, Filipe A1 - Deacon, Charl A1 - Fartmann, Thomas A1 - Fukushima, Caroline S. T1 - Solutions for humanity on how to conserve insects T2 - Biological Conservation N2 - The fate of humans and insects intertwine, especially through the medium of plants. Global environmentalchange, including land transformation and contamination, is causing concerning insect diversity loss, articulatedin the companion reviewScientists'warning to humanity on insect extinctions. Yet, despite a sound philosophical foundation, recognized ethical values, and scientific evidence, globally we are performing poorly at instigatingeffective insect conservation. As insects are a major component of the tapestry of life, insect conservation woulddo well to integrate better with overall biodiversity conservation and climate change mitigation. This also in-volves popularizing insects, especially through use of iconic species, through more media coverage, and moreinclusive education. Insect conservationists need to liaise better with decision makers, stakeholders, and landmanagers, especially at the conceptually familiar scale of the landscape. Enough evidence is now available, andsynthesized here, which illustrates that multiple strategies work at local levels towards saving insects. We nowneed to expand these locally-crafted strategies globally. Tangible actions include ensuring maintenance of bioticcomplexity, especially through improving temporal and spatial heterogeneity, functional connectivity, andmetapopulation dynamics, while maintaining unique habitats, across landscape mosaics, as well as instigatingbetter communication. Key is to have more expansive sustainable agriculture and forestry, improved regulationand prevention of environmental risks, and greater recognition of protected areas alongside agro-ecology innovel landscapes. Future-proofing insect diversity is now critical, with the benefits far reaching, includingcontinued provision of valuable ecosystem services and the conservation of a rich and impressive component ofEarth's biodiversity. KW - Human well-being KW - Conservation action KW - Conservation strategies KW - Habitat management KW - Climate change KW - Species extinction Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108427 SN - 0006-3207 VL - 242 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Garai, Bikash A1 - Bon, Volodymyr A1 - Efimova, Anastasia A1 - Gerlach, Martin A1 - Senkovska, Irena A1 - Kaskel, Stefan T1 - Reversible switching between positive and negative thermal expansion in a metal–organic framework DUT-49 T2 - Journal of Materials Chemistry A N2 - Three-dimensional architectures constructed via coordination of organic ligands to metal ions (broadly termed metal–organic frameworks, MOFs), are highly interesting for many demanding applications such as gas adsorption, molecular separation, heterogeneous catalysis, molecular sensing, etc. Being constructed from heterogeneous components, such framework solids show characteristic features from both the individual components and framework-specific features. One such interesting physicochemical property is thermal expansion, which arises from thermal vibration from the organic linker and metal ions. Herein, we show a very unique example of thermal responsiveness for the DUT-49 framework, a MOF well-known for its distinctive negative gas adsorption (NGA) properties. In the guest-free form, the framework shows another counter-intuitive phenomenon of negative thermal expansion (NTE), i.e. the lattice size increases with decrease of temperature. However, in the solvated state, it shows both NTE and positive thermal expansion (i.e. lattice size decreases with lowering of temperature, PTE) based on a specific temperature range. When the solvent exists in the liquid form inside the MOF pore, it retains the pristine NTE nature of the bare framework. But freezing of the solvent inside the pores induces the strain, which causes a structural transformation through in-plane bending of the linker and this squeezes the framework by ∼10% of the unit cell volume. This effect has been verified using 3 different solvents where the structural contraction occurs immediately at the freezing point of the individual solvent. Furthermore, studies on a series of DUT-49(M) frameworks with varying metals confirm the general applicability of this mechanism. KW - Metal organic framework (MOF) KW - Thermal analysis KW - Crystal structure Y1 - 2020 UR - https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlehtml/2020/ta/d0ta06830f U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/D0TA06830F SN - 2050-7496 VL - 39 IS - 8 SP - 20420 EP - 20428 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knorr, Monika A1 - Icker, Maik A1 - Efimova, Anastasia A1 - Schmidt, Peer T1 - Reactivity of Ionic Liquids: Studies on Thermal Decomposition Behavior of 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium Tetrafluoroborate T2 - Thermochimica Acta N2 - The Ionic Liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [C4C1im]BF4 serves as a commonly solvent in inorganic material synthesis and analytics. Nevertheless, its application is frequently associated with trial and error approaches. Thereupon, detailed knowledge on the thermal behavior is the key information for understanding the reactivity of [C4C1im]BF4. 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate behaves as a glass in the cold, its glass transition temperature being ϑg = −83 °C. During heating with 10 K·min−1 [C4C1im]BF4 appears to be stable above 350 °C with onset temperatures ϑonset, DSC = 375 °C, ϑonset, DTG = 422 °C, and ϑonset, TG = 437 °C. Thereby, thermal decomposition occurs in a single step reaction forming 1-methyl-1H-imidazole (CH3C3H3N2 or C4H6N2), but-1-ene (C4H8), fluoromethane (CH3F) and boron trifluoride (BF3) as main species, as determined by thermogravimetry coupled with mass spectrometry and FTIR spectroscopy. To be more specific in thermal behavior, the temperature and time dependent stability is evaluated here on the basis of the kinetic model of maximum operation temperature − MOT. Clearly, thermal stability rises with application time, thus being 193 °C for one hour, while reaching only 141 °C for one day, and 114 °C for one week. The incipient decomposition (≤ 1 %) at the calculated time dependent maximum operation temperature finally is verified by optical analysis, infrared (IR), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040603120307012?via%3Dihub#! U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2020.178786 SN - 0040-6031 VL - Vol. 694 SP - 1 EP - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gerber, Stephan A1 - Oevermann, Michael T1 - A two dimensional Euler-Lagrangian model of wood gasification in a charcoal bed - Part II: parameter influence and comparison T2 - Particuology N2 - A Euler–Lagrangian simulation was employed for a comprehensive parameter study of wood gasification in a fluidized charcoal bed. The parameters that were varied include the initial bed temperature, fuel mass flow rate, inert tar fraction, and kinetic energy losses caused by particle–particle and particle–wall collisions. The results of each parameter variation are compared with a base scenario, previously described in detail in Part I of this study (Gerber & Oevermann, 2014). The results are interpreted by comparing the reactor outlet temperature, averaged particle temperature, overall wood mass, overall charcoal mass, concentrations of several gaseous species, and axial barycenter data for particles obtained with different sets of parameters. The inert tar fraction and fuel mass flow rate are the most sensitive parameter, while the particle–particle and particle–wall contact parameters have only a small impact on the results. Increasing the reactive tar components by 19% almost doubled the amount of reactive tars at the reactor outlet, while decreasing the restitution coefficients of the particle collisions by 0.2 results in higher overall gas production but almost no change in bed height. Herein, our numerical results are discussed in detail while assessing the model restrictions. KW - Wood gasification simulation KW - Gas–solid flow KW - Discrete element method KW - Pyrolysis KW - Gasification KW - Charcoal Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.partic.2017.01.004 SN - 1674-2001 VL - 35 SP - 22 EP - 30 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lackmann, Tim A1 - Hewson, John A1 - Knaus, Robert A1 - Kerstein, Alan R. A1 - Oevermann, Michael T1 - Stochastic modeling of unsteady extinction in turbulent non-premixed combustion T2 - Proceedings of the Combustion Institute N2 - Turbulent fluctuations of the scalar dissipation rate have a major impact on extinction in non-premixed combustion. Recently, an unsteady extinction criterion has been developed (Hewson, 2013) that predicts extinction dependent on the duration and the magnitude of dissipation rate fluctuations exceeding a critical quenching value; this quantity is referred to as the dissipation impulse. The magnitude of the dissipation impulse corresponding to unsteady extinction is related to the difficulty with which a flamelet is exintguished, based on the steady-state S-curve. In this paper we evaluate this new extinction criterion for more realistic dissipation rates by evolving a stochastic Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process for the dissipation rate. A comparison between unsteady flamelet evolution using this dissipation rate and the extinction criterion exhibit good agreement. The rate of predicted extinction is examined over a range of Damköhler and Reynolds numbers and over a range of the extinction difficulty. The results suggest that the rate of extinction is proportional to the average dissipation rate and the area under the dissipation rate probability density function exceeding the steady-state quenching value. It is also inversely related to the actual probability that this steady-state quenching dissipation rate is observed and the difficulty of extinction associated with the distance between the upper and middle branches of the S-curve. KW - Extinction KW - Unsteady flames KW - Non-premixed flame KW - Scalar dissipation rate KW - Turbulence Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2016.07.014 SN - 0082-0784 VL - 36 IS - 2 SP - 1677 EP - 1684 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoffmann, Christin A1 - Thommes, Kirsten T1 - Can digital feedback increase employee performance and energy efficiency in firms? Evidence from a field experiment T2 - Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization N2 - Giving performance feedback to increase employee productivity has shown ambiguous results: Many laboratory studies have demonstrated a statistically significant effect of feedback on performance, but the effect is less evident in the field. In addition, the effects of digital feedback are not well understood. This feedback differs from other types of feedback as it is personalized, but not generated and provided by another human, e.g., the supervisor, but by a machine. We conducted a field experiment in which we introduced digital feedback to improve truck drivers' performance by enhancing their energy-efficient driving behavior. Our results show that digital feedback led to a statistically significant but small overall improvement in energy efficiency and performance that is driven by the improvement of initially very good- and very bad-performing drivers. This effect is robust, even when considering the differences in the room for improvement relative to the initial performance. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2020.09.034 SN - 0167-2681 SN - 1879-1751 VL - 180 SP - 49 EP - 65 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Duchek, Stephanie A1 - Nicolaus, Meike T1 - 20 Jahre Bologna und Beschäftigungsfähigkeit – Eine qualitative Studie zu Einflussmöglichkeiten der Hochschulausbildung auf die Resilienz von Absolventinnen und Absolventen T2 - Beiträge zur Hochschulforschung Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.bzh.bayern.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Publikationen/Beitraege_zur_Hochschulforschung/2020/1-2_2020_gesamt.pdf#page=60 SN - 0171-645X SN - 2567-8841 VL - 2020 IS - 1/2 SP - 56 EP - 80 CY - München ER - TY - GEN A1 - Duchek, Stephanie T1 - Organizational resilience: a capability-based conceptualization T2 - Business Research N2 - In highly volatile and uncertain times, organizations need to develop a resilience capacity which enables them to cope effectively with unexpected events, bounce back from crises, and even foster future success. Although academic interest in organizational resilience has steadily grown in recent years, there is little consensus about what resilience actually means and how it is composed. More knowledge is particularly needed about organizational capabilities that constitute resilience, as well as conditions for their development. This paper aims to make a contribution to this heterogeneous research field by deepening the understanding of the complex and embedded construct of organizational resilience. We conceptualize resilience as a meta-capability and decompose the construct into its individual parts. Inspired by process-based studies, we suggest three successive resilience stages (anticipation, coping, and adaptation) and give an overview of underlying capabilities that together form organizational resilience. Based on this outline, we discuss relationships and interactions of the different resilience stages as well as main antecedents and drivers. We formulate propositions that can act as a foundation for future empirical work. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s40685-019-0085-7 SN - 2198-2627 VL - 13 IS - 1 SP - 215 EP - 246 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Duchek, Stephanie A1 - Raetze, Sebastian A1 - Scheuch, Ianina T1 - The role of diversity in organizational resilience: A theoretical framework T2 - Business Research N2 - Organizations today operate in an increasingly complex and turbulent world in which unexpected events are omnipresent. Thus, they need to develop resilience capabilities to manage unexpected disruptions, maintain high performance, and even thrive and grow. In research, there are preliminary indications that diversity could play an important role in the development of resilience in organizations. However, although there are numerous studies on both resilience and diversity, the connection between the two constructs remains largely unexplored. Our paper aims to narrow this research gap by answering the following questions: What role does diversity play in the development of organizational resilience? What does this mean for resilience-enhancing diversity management? To answer these questions, we link existing research on elements of organizational resilience and outcomes of diversity in organizations. By developing a theoretical framework, formulating propositions, and discussing implications for further research, this paper provides a foundation for future empirical research. Moreover, it offers useful insights into the successful management of organizational resilience. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s40685-019-0084-8 SN - 2198-2627 VL - 13 IS - 2 SP - 387 EP - 423 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Duchek, Stephanie A1 - Förster, Charlotte A1 - Scheuch, Ianina T1 - Women Leaders’ Resilience: How Women Reach and Succeed in Leadership Positions T2 - Academy of Management Proceedings N2 - Although there are preliminary indications that resilience is a key capability for women on their way to leadership, research in this context is extremely rare. In particular, there is a lack of empirical studies on the specific role of resilience in achieving top leadership positions and on the factors that help to develop high levels of resilience. To narrow this research gap, we provide an exploratory interview study. We conducted 52 in-depth, semi- structured interviews with women leaders from upper, middle, and lower leadership positions in different industrial sectors. Based on our qualitative content analysis, we identify women’s main challenges on their way to leadership, resilience factors in three categories (experiential, individual, and contextual factors), and opportunities for promoting resilience. Our study contributes to women leaders and (women) leaders’ resilience research and offers a substantial starting point for future empirical research. Furthermore, it provides insights into the development of women leaders’ resilience in practice." Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5465/AMBPP.2020.17434abstract SN - 2151-6561 VL - Vol. 2020 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Förster, Charlotte A1 - Duchek, Stephanie T1 - Auf dem Weg zur resilienten Führungskraft. Vorbereiten – Reagieren – Anpassen T2 - Personalführung Y1 - 2019 SN - 0723-3868 IS - 4 SP - 30 EP - 32 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Duchek, Stephanie A1 - Nicolaus, Meike T1 - Bologna, Employability und Resilienz. Der Einfluss der Hochschulausbildung auf die Resilienz von Absolventen T2 - Das Hochschulwesen Y1 - 2019 SN - 0018-2974 VL - 67 IS - 3 SP - 76 EP - 81 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Saskia M. A1 - Wachs, Sebastian A1 - Bilz, Ludwig T1 - Teachers’ empathy and likelihood of intervention in hypothetical relational and retrospectively reported bullying situations T2 - European Journal of Developmental Psychology N2 - Prior research suggests that teachers with higher levels of empathy are more willing to intervene in bullying among students. However, these findings are based on hypothetical bullying situations and teachers’ self-reports. In this study with 2,071 German students and their 556 teachers, we analysed reactions to hypothetical relational bullying situations as well as retrospectively reported bullying situations both from the teachers’ as well as the students’ perspectives. Results showed that teachers with higher levels of empathy reported stronger intentions to intervene in hypothetical relational bullying situations but were not more likely to intervene in retrospectively reported bullying situations. From the students’ perspective, teachers’ empathy was neither connected to the teachers’ intention to intervene nor to the likelihood of intervention in the retrospectively reported situations. These different results could be taken as an opportunity to investigate whether existing findings could be influenced by methodological aspects such as teachers’ self-reports. Implications for future research are discussed. KW - bullying KW - empathy KW - teacher KW - likelihood of intervention KW - school Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/17405629.2020.1869538 SN - 1740-5610 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tallarek, Marie A1 - Bozorgmehr, Kayvan A1 - Spallek, Jacob T1 - Towards inclusionary and diversity-sensitive public health: the consequences of exclusionary othering in public health using the example of COVID-19 management in German reception centres and asylum camps T2 - BMJ Global Health N2 - The German government’s response to the COVID-19 pandemic has been predominantly considered wellfounded. Still, the practice of mass quarantine in reception centres and asylum camps has been criticised for its discrimination of refugees and asylum seekers. Building on the concept of othering, this article argues that processes of othering are structurally anchored in German asylum regulations and they have further pervaded public health measures against COVID-19. The practice of mass quarantine made the negative consequences of exclusionary othering for public health particularly noticeable. In the light of recent data indicating this measure to be epidemiologically, legally and ethically insufficient, we apply the concept of othering to public health and discuss (1) exclusionary, (2) inclusionary and (3) diversity-sensitive approaches to public health. We finally conclude that a shift of perspective from exclusion to inclusion, from subordination to empowerment and from silencing to participation is urgently required. KW - inclusionary public health KW - exclusionary public health KW - diversity-sensitive public health KW - othering KW - COVID-19 KW - refugees KW - asylum seekers KW - mass quarantine Y1 - 2020 UR - https://gh.bmj.com/content/bmjgh/5/12/e003789.full.pdf U6 - https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2020-003789 SN - 2059-7908 VL - 5 IS - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herke, Max A1 - Moor, Irene A1 - Winter, Kristina A1 - Hoffmann, Stephanie A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Hilger-Kolb, Jennifer A1 - Pischke, Claudia R. A1 - Dragano, Nico A1 - Novelli, Anna A1 - Richter, Matthias T1 - Role of contextual and compositional characteristics of schools for health inequalities in childhood and adolescence: protocol for a scoping review T2 - BMJ Open N2 - Introduction Childhood and adolescence are crucial life stages for health trajectories and the development of health inequalities in later life. The relevance of schools for health and well-being of children and adolescents has long been recognised, and there is some research regarding the association of contextual and compositional characteristics of schools and classes with health, health behaviour and well-being in this population. Little is known about the role of meso-level characteristics in relation to health inequalities. The aim of this scoping review is to retrieve and synthesise evidence about the mediating or moderating role of compositional or contextual characteristics of schools for the association between students’ socioeconomic position and health in primary and secondary education. Methods and analysis We will conduct a systematic search of electronic databases in PubMed/Medline, Web of Science and Education Resources Information Center. Studies must meet the following inclusion criteria: (1) The population must be students attending primary or secondary schools in developed economies. (2) The outcomes must include at least one indicator for individual health, health behaviour or well-being. (3) The study must include at least one contextual or compositional characteristic of the school context and one individual determinant of socioeconomic position. (4) The study must also examine the mediating or moderating role of the contextual or compositional characteristic of the school context for the associations between socioeconomic position and health, health behaviour or well-being. (5) The study must be published since 1 January 2000 in English or German language. We will provide a narrative synthesis of findings. Ethics and dissemination We will not collect primary data and only include secondary data derived from previously published studies. Therefore, ethical approval is not required. We intend to publish our findings in an international peer-reviewed journal and to present them at national and international conferences. KW - contextual characteristics KW - compositional characteristics KW - schools KW - health inequalities KW - childhood KW - adolescence KW - scoping review Y1 - 2020 UR - https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/10/12/e038999 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038999 SN - 2044-6055 VL - 10 IS - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Trzeciak, Miriam Friz A1 - Schäfer, Jana T1 - "Aggressive Refugees, Violent Hooligans, Concerned Citizens”: Reinterpreting Multiple Processes of Difference-Making in Mediatizations of Migration and Conflict in East Germany in the German Media T2 - Journal of Immigrant & Refugee Studies Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15562948.2020.1856995 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/15562948.2020.1856995 SN - 1556-2956 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dieterle, Ann-Kathrin A1 - Duchek, Stephanie T1 - Unternehmenskooperation als Resilienzstrategie: Nutzen für die Krisenbewältigung T2 - Der Betriebswirt Y1 - 2020 SN - 2628-7846 SN - 0172-6196 VL - 61 IS - 3 SP - 173 EP - 183 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shrestha, Krishna Prasad A1 - Seidel, Lars A1 - Zeuch, Thomas A1 - Moréac, Gladys A1 - Dagaut, Philippe A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - On the implications of nitromethane – NOx chemistry interactions for combustion processes T2 - Fuel N2 - In this work, we report a detailed investigation of the CH3NO2 chemistry effect on fuel-NO interactions for the fuels methane and n-heptane using a recently developed and extensively validated H2/O2/CO/NOx/NH3/CH3NO2 baseline chemistry. In general, the model predictions show good agreement with temperature profiles of major and intermediate species in jet-stirred reactor experiments and they capture the subtle effect of NO addition. For both fuels, the CH3NO2 kinetics retard the system reactivity in the low temperature range by delaying the production of key radicals like OH and HO2. This explains the retarding effect of NO for n-heptane low temperature ignition and the overprediction of reactivity enhancement by NO in earlier studies on methane combustion. For methane, the recently explored roaming mediated dissociation channel of CH3NO2 to CH3O + NO is a major reaction pathway for CH3NO2 consumption. Our analysis suggests that at higher pressure, relevant to engine conditions, the two key intermediate species HONO and CH3NO2 feature strongly increased concentrations during n-heptane combustion and they may be detectable under such conditions in combustion experiments of this fuel-NOx system. The results of this work call for detailed future investigations of the CH3NO2 chemistry effect in the context of exhaust gas recirculation, also with regard to the suppression of engine knock. KW - Nitromethane KW - NOx KW - Fuel-NOx KW - Kinetic modeling KW - EGR Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S001623612032857X#! U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2020.119861 SN - 0016-2361 VL - 289 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Saito, Ryota A1 - Koizumi, Ryota A1 - Sakai, Tatsuya A1 - Shimizu, Taiga A1 - Ono, Taiki A1 - Wanner, Manfred A1 - Takyu, Toshio A1 - Tanaka, Toshihiko A1 - Sogame, Yoichiro T1 - Recovery of proliferative capability in gamma irradiated Colpoda cucullus (ciliated protist) resting cysts and its radiation hormesis T2 - Protistology N2 - The resting cyst is one of the quietest life stages (i.e. cryptobiosis) with hardly measurable or even ceased metabolic activity. However, are the resting cysts just resting? Here, to our knowledge, we report for the first time radiation hormesis in resting cysts. In the present study, we focused on the proliferative capability of excysted cells from 500–4000 Gy-gamma-irradiated Colpoda cucullus resting cysts by a bioassay method. Generally, excysted cells from irradiated cysts lose their proliferative capability. However, we observed an increased proliferative capability promoted by low doses of irradiation. Cells, which had excysted from 500-Gy-irradiated cysts, restored their proliferation capability with a recovery period of 12 h and 24 h before excysting. Additionally, cells, which had excysted from 500-4000-Gy irradiated cysts, recovered proliferative capability by re-forming resting cysts. Here, the proliferative capability of excysted cells from 500-Gy-irradiated cysts was even higher than that of non-irradiated. KW - cyst KW - cell proliferation KW - hormesis KW - stress repair KW - recover Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4467/16890027AP.19.006.10837 SN - 1680-0826 VL - 14 IS - 3 SP - 160 EP - 171 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Aguilera, Guillermo A1 - Roslin, Tomas A1 - Miller, Kirsten A1 - Tamburini, Giovanni A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Caballero-Lopez, Berta A1 - Lindström, Sandra Ann-Marie A1 - Öckinger, Erik A1 - Rundlöf, Maj A1 - Rusch, Adrien A1 - Smith, Henrik G. A1 - Bommarco, Riccardo T1 - Crop diversity benefits carabid and pollinator communities in landscapes with semi‐natural habitats T2 - Journal of Applied Ecology N2 - 1.In agricultural landscapes, arthropods provide essential ecosystem services such as biological pest control and pollination. Intensified crop management practices and homogenization of landscapes have led to declines among such organisms. Semi‐natural habitats, associated with high numbers of these organisms, are increasingly lost from agricultural landscapes but diversification by increasing crop diversity has been proposed as a way to reverse observed arthropod declines and thus restore ecosystem services. However, whether or not an increase in the diversity of crop types within a landscape promotes diversity and abundances of pollinating and predaceous arthropods, and how semi‐natural habitats might modify this relationship, are not well understood. 2. To test how crop diversity and the proportion of semi‐natural habitats within a landscape are related to the diversity and abundance of beneficial arthropod communities, we collected primary data from seven studies focusing on natural enemies (carabids and spiders) and pollinators (bees and hoverflies) from 154 crop fields in Southern Sweden between 2007 and 2017. 3. Crop diversity within a 1‐km radius around each field was positively related to the Shannon diversity index of carabid and pollinator communities in landscapes rich in semi‐natural habitats. Abundances were mainly affected by the proportion of semi‐natural habitats in the landscape, with decreasing carabid and increasing pollinator numbers as the proportion of this habitat type increased. Spiders showed no response to either crop diversity or the proportion of semi‐natural habitats. 4. Synthesis and applications. We show that the joint effort of preserving semi‐natural habitats and promoting crop diversity in agricultural landscapes is necessary to enhance communities of natural enemies and pollinators. Our results suggest that increasing the diversity of crop types can contribute to the conservation of service‐providing arthropod communities, particularly if the diversification of crops targets complex landscapes with a high proportion of semi‐natural habitats. KW - ecosystem services KW - predation KW - agricultural intensification KW - arable land KW - crop diversity KW - diversification KW - pollination KW - landscape composition Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.13712 SN - 1365-2664 SN - 0021-8901 VL - 57 IS - 11 SP - 2170 EP - 2179 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cardoso, Pedro A1 - Barton, Philip S. A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Chichorro, Filipe A1 - Deacon, Charl A1 - Fartmann, Thomas A1 - Fukushima, Caroline S. A1 - Gaigher, René A1 - Habel, Jan C. T1 - Scientists' warning to humanity on insect extinctions T2 - Biological Conservation N2 - Here we build on the manifesto‘World Scientists’Warning to Humanity, issued by the Alliance of WorldScientists. As a group of conservation biologists deeply concerned about the decline of insect populations, wehere review what we know about the drivers of insect extinctions, their consequences, and how extinctions cannegatively impact humanity.We are causing insect extinctions by driving habitat loss, degradation, and fragmentation, use of polluting andharmful substances, the spread of invasive species, global climate change, direct overexploitation, and co-ex-tinction of species dependent on other species.With insect extinctions, we lose much more than species. We lose abundance and biomass of insects, diversityacross space and time with consequent homogenization, large parts of the tree of life, unique ecological functionsand traits, and fundamental parts of extensive networks of biotic interactions. Such losses lead to the decline ofkey ecosystem services on which humanity depends. From pollination and decomposition, to being resources fornew medicines, habitat quality indication and many others, insects provide essential and irreplaceable services.We appeal for urgent action to close key knowledge gaps and curb insect extinctions. An investment in research programs that generate local, regional and global strategies that counter this trend is essential. Solutions areavailable and implementable, but urgent action is needed now to match our intentions. KW - Arthropods KW - Biodiversity loss KW - Centinelan extinctions KW - Drivers of extinction KW - Ecosystem services KW - Threatened species Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108426 IS - 242 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Arvidsson, Fredrik A1 - Addison, Pia A1 - Addison, Matthew F. A1 - Haddad, C. R. A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Weed species, not mulching, affect web‐building spiders and their prey in organic fruit orchards in South Africa T2 - Ecosphere N2 - Weed infestation affects economically relevant orchard properties, including tree performance, yield, and fruit quality negatively, and weeds are therefore often controlled by herbicide application in con- ventional farming. The addition of organic mulch below tree canopies has been proposed as an alternative reliable practice to suppress weeds and preserve soil moisture in organic farming. Mulching, however, may also affect arthropod pest and natural enemy populations, which highlights the need for simultane- ously assessing weed, natural enemy, and animal pest communities in mulch experiments. This study addresses the limited knowledge about nonchemical ground cover management strategies for the control of plant and animal pests in orchards as a major constraint for organic growers. Here, we hypothesize that decisions about ground cover management practices in organic temperate fruit orchards affect the composition of web-building spider communities and their functional role as natural enemies of pest arthropods through effects on weed and insect pest communities. We studied weed, prey, and spider communities, as well as spider diet composition, in four temperate fruit types (apricot, peach, plum, and quince) on a single farm in the Western Cape, South Africa. We established experimental plots with and without addition of dead organic mulch under fruit tree canopies. Addition of organic mulch did not signicantly affect weed cover under trees or the taxonomic composition of weed or spider communities over the eight-month study period. However, independent of mulching, the taxonomic composition of weed communities was signicantly related to the composition of potential prey and spider communities. These relationships indirectly affected the prey composition of web-building spiders. These results suggest that the identity of weed species in the study orchards had a pronounced effect on the diet composition and functional role of web-building spiders. Future research should focus on the value of individual plant species for the promotion of pest control services provided by spiders across larger spatial scales and with higher levels of replication to allow for wider generalizations. The expected results would not only be relevant for weed control but could also be considered during the development of future fower strips in orchards. Y1 - 2020 VL - 11 IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Aoki, Yoshiyuki A1 - Sogame, Yoichiro A1 - Wanner, Manfred A1 - Mazei, Yuri A1 - Shimano, Satoshi D. T1 - A new testate amoeba, Matsakision ogawaraensis sp. nov. (Silicofilosea: Incertae sedis Euglyphida) from lake shore sand of northern Japan T2 - Acta Protozoologica N2 - A new species of a testate amoeba, Matsakision ogawaraensis sp. nov., is described from Ogawara pond, Aomori Prefecture, Japan. This is the third species in the genus Matsakision. Matsakision ogawaraensis sp. nov. is distinguished from two other species by the specific form of the shell in apertural view, which is triangular (the shells of other species are circular or elliptic). In addition, it has a chitinous lip around the aperture. For the first time, long needle-like pseudopodia have been observed. KW - testate amoeba KW - Matsakision KW - Rhizaria KW - lake KW - Japan Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.ejournals.eu/pliki/art/17797/pl U6 - https://doi.org/10.4467/16890027AP.20.008.12676 SN - 1689-0027 SN - 0065-1583 VL - 59 IS - 2 SP - 99 EP - 105 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Heinrich, Christoph Rocky A1 - Kühhorn, Arnold A1 - Steff, Klaus A1 - Petry, Nico T1 - Generalized Model for the Approximation of Coupled Acousto-Mechanical Natural Frequencies in High-Pressure Centrifugal Compressors T2 - Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power N2 - The oil and gas, chemical, and process industries employ centrifugal compressors for a wide range of applications. Due to this, the conditions under which centrifugal compressors have to operate, vary significantly from case to case. Gas pipeline compressors, for example, may feature discharge pressures well over 100 bar. During the last decades, comprehensive research was conducted on the impact of high pressure operating conditions on the vibrational behavior of centrifugal compressors. Nowadays, it is well-known that an increase in gas pressure levels leads to a more pronounced interaction between the side cavities and the impeller, which results in a frequency shift of the acoustic and structural modes. For the safe operation of compressors, it is necessary to predict these coupled natural frequencies accurately. The state-of-the-art approach to achieve this objective is the finite element method. While this technique provides high-quality results, it incurs high computational costs and is, therefore, time-consuming. The authors of the current paper propose a generalized model to overcome this challenge. It uses the uncoupled modes of the impeller and side cavities in a modal superposition to approximate the coupled system's natural frequencies. In this way, the intended design geometries are considered while reducing the computational effort significantly. In a numerical study, the generalized model is applied to different systems of increasing complexity, and the results are compared to a finite element analysis. Finally, the paper concludes with a discussion of the limitations and benefits of all employed numerical methods. KW - Approximation KW - Compressors KW - High pressure (Physics) KW - Cavities KW - Impellers KW - Acoustics KW - Finite element methods KW - Numerical analysis Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4049447 SN - 1528-8919 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Michalko, Radek A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Habitat niches suggest that non-crop habitat types differ in quality as source habitats for Central European agrobiont spiders T2 - Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment KW - crop KW - functional composition KW - Generalist KW - Landscape KW - Niche filtering KW - Specialist Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2020.107248 SN - 0167-8809 VL - 308 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Beirow, Bernd A1 - Kühhorn, Arnold A1 - Weber, Robby A1 - Popig, Frederik T1 - Vibration Analyses of an Axial Turbine Wheel with Intentional Mistuning T2 - Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power N2 - The last stage bladed disk of a steam turbine is analyzed with respect to both flutter susceptibility and limitation of forced response. Due to the lack of variable stator vanes unfavorable flow conditions may occur which increases the risk of flutter at part load conditions. For this reason, intentional mistuning is employed with the objective to prevent any self-excited vibrations. A first step in this direction is done by choosing alternate mistuning, which keeps the manufactural efforts in limits. In this sense, two different series of blades have been made. However, small deviations from the design intention are unavoidable due to the manufacturing procedure, which could be proved by bonk tests carried out earlier. The influence of these additional deviations is considered in numerical simulations. Moreover, the strong dependence of blade frequencies on the speed is taken into account since centrifugal stiffening effects significantly attenuate the blade-to-blade frequency difference. Focusing on the first flap mode it could be shown that a mitigation of flutter susceptibility is achieved by prescribing alternate mistuning, which indeed evokes an increase of originally small aerodynamic damping ratios. Nevertheless, the occurrence of negative damping ratios could not be completely precluded at part load conditions. That is why optimization studies are conducted based on genetic algorithms with the objective function of maximizing the lowest aerodynamic damping ratios. Finally, mistuning patterns could be identified featuring a tremendous increase of aerodynamic damping ratios. The robustness of the solutions could be proved by superimposing additional random mistuning. KW - Blades KW - Computer simulation KW - Damping KW - Design KW - Disks KW - Flow (Dynamics) KW - Flutter (Aerodynamics) KW - Vibration analysis Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4049449 SN - 1528-8919 SN - 0742-4795 VL - 143 IS - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lowe, Elizabeth C. A1 - Wolff, Jonas O. A1 - Aceves-Aparicio, Alfonso A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Branco, Vasco V. T1 - Towards establishment of a centralized spider traits database T2 - The Journal of Arachnology N2 - A main goal of ecological and evolutionary biology is understanding and predicting interactions between populations and both abiotic and biotic environments, the spatial and temporal variation of these interactions, and the effects on population dynamics and performance. Trait-based approaches can help to model these interactions and generate a comprehensive understanding of ecosystem functioning. A central tool is the collation of databases that include species trait information. Such centralized databases have been set up for a number of organismal groups but is lacking for one of the most important groups of predators in terrestrial ecosystems – spiders. Here we promote the collation of an open spider traits database, integrated into the global Open Traits Network. We explore the current collation of spider data and cover the logistics of setting up a global database, including which traits to include, the source of data, how to input data, database governance, geographic cover, accessibility, quality control and how to make the database sustainable long-term. Finally, we explore the scope of research questions that could be investigated using a global spider traits database. KW - functional diversity KW - Phentotypic traits KW - functional ecology Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1636/0161-8202-48.2.103 SN - 0161-8202 VL - 48 IS - 2 SP - 103 EP - 109 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kundel, Dominika A1 - Bodenhausen, Natacha A1 - Bracht Jørgensen, Helene A1 - Truu, Jaak A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Hedlund, Katarina A1 - Mäder, Paul A1 - Fliessbach, Andreas T1 - Effects of simulated drought on biological soil quality, microbial diversity and yields under long-term conventional and organic agriculture T2 - FEMS Microbiology Ecology N2 - Drought and agricultural management influence soil microorganisms with unknown consequences for the functioning ofagroecosystems. We simulated drought periods in organic (biodynamic) and conventional wheat fields and monitoredeffects on soil water content, microorganisms and crops. Above the wilting point, water content and microbial respirationwere higher under biodynamic than conventional farming. Highest bacterial and fungal abundances were found inbiodynamically managed soils, and distinct microbial communities characterised the farming systems. Most biological soilquality parameters and crop yields were only marginally affected by the experimental drought, except for arbuscularmycorrhizal fungi (AMF), which increased in abundance under the experimental drought in both farming systems. AMFwere further strongly promoted by biodynamic farming resulting in almost three times higher AMF abundance underexperimental drought in the biodynamic compared with the conventional farming system. Our data suggest an improvedwater storage capacity under biodynamic farming and confirms positive effects of biodynamic farming on biological soilquality. The interactive effects of the farming system and drought may further be investigated under more substantialdroughts. Given the importance of AMF for the plant’s water supply, more in-depth studies on AMF may help to clarify theirrole for yields under conditions predicted by future climate scenarios. KW - microbial diversity KW - rainout shelter KW - PLFA KW - amplicon-based sequencing KW - DOK trial KW - soil organic carbon Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/doi: 10.1093/femsec/fiaa205 SN - 1574-6941 VL - 96 IS - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Köhler, Ekkehard A1 - Strehler, Martin T1 - Traffic Signal Optimization: Combining Static and Dynamic Models T2 - Transportation Science Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2017.0760 SN - 1526-5447 VL - 53 IS - 1 SP - 21 EP - 41 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Galán Díaz, Javier A1 - Garcia de la Riva, Enrique A1 - Funk, Jennifer L. A1 - Vilà, Montserrat T1 - Functional segregation of resource-use strategies of native and invasive plants across Mediterranean biome communities T2 - Biological Invasions N2 - Functional segregation among species in a community depends on their mean trait values (i.e. functional distinctiveness), and the range of trait attributes exhibited by each species (i.e. functional diversity). Previous evidence suggests that invasive plants tend to display traits related to a more acquisitive resource-use strategy than natives. However, the contribution of intraspecific trait variation to functional diversity has received little attention in community ecology, and might provide interesting information about community processes. In this study, we used eight plant traits related to carbon and nutrient acquisition of coexisting dominant native and invasive plants in eight communities across the Mediterranean-climate biome to determine sources of functional segregation between native and invasive species. We found three major axes of functional variation, related to leaf economics, resource-use efficiency, and plant height. Invasive species across communities had leaf traits related to an acquisitive resource-use strategy in contrast to native species, whereas differences in the second and third axes were community dependent. Invasive species were more functionally diverse than native species across the dataset and in four out of the eight communities. Intraspecific variance accounted for 11%–27% of total trait variation and was on average greater in invasive species, and especially important in the axis related to resource use efficiency. These results, although dependent on the trait and community considered, offer interesting insights to the sources of functional trait diversity of native and invasive species within communities, indicating that intraspecific variation might not be equally distributed between native and invasive species. KW - Functional diversity KW - Functional strategies KW - Intraspecific variance KW - Invasive plants KW - Leaf economics spectrum KW - Plant life form Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-020-02368-5 SN - 1573-1464 VL - 23 IS - 1 SP - 253 EP - 266 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Damptey, Frederick Gyasi A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Nsiah, Paul Kofi A1 - Garcia de la Riva, Enrique T1 - Soil properties and biomass attributes in a former gravel mine area after two decades of forest restoration T2 - Land N2 - The ongoing global deforestation resulting from anthropogenic activities such as unsustainable agriculture and surface mining threatens biodiversity and decreases both soil carbon and above-ground biomass stocks. In this study, we assessed soil properties and below- and above-ground biomass attributes in a restored former gravel mine area in Ghana two decades after active restoration with potted plants and fresh topsoil. We compared conditions to four alternative land-use types (unrestored abandoned gravel mine, arable land, semi-natural forest, and natural forest) representing pre- and post-disturbance as well as natural reference states. We hypothesized that soil properties and related levels of below- and above-ground biomass in the restored area share similarities with the natural reference systems and thereby are indicative of a trajectory towards successful restoration. Eight replicated subareas in each land-use type were assessed for a set of soil parameters as well as below- and above-ground biomass attributes. The soil properties characteristic for the restored area differed significantly from pre-restoration stages, such as the abandoned gravel site, but did not differ significantly from properties in the natural forest (except for bulk density and base saturation). Above-ground biomass was lower in the restored area in comparison to the reference natural forests, while differences were not significant for below-ground biomass. Silt and effective cation exchange capacity were closely related to above-ground biomass, while below-ground biomass was related to soil organic carbon, bulk density, and potassium concentration in soils. Our results suggest that major steps towards successful restoration can be accomplished within a relatively short period, without the wholesale application of topsoil. Improving soil conditions is a vital tool for the successful development of extensive vegetation cover after surface mining, which also affects carbon sequestration by both above- and below-ground biomass. We emphasize that the use of reference systems provides critical information for the monitoring of ecosystem development towards an expected future state of the restored area. KW - carbon sequestration KW - degradation KW - forest management KW - mining KW - restoration success Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/land9060209 SN - 2073-445X VL - 9 IS - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krisponeit, Jon-Olaf A1 - Fischer, Simon A1 - Esser, Sven A1 - Moshnyaga, Vasily A1 - Schmidt, Thomas A1 - Piper, Louis F. J. A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo A1 - Falta, Jens T1 - The morphology of VO2/TiO2(001): terraces, facets, and cracks T2 - Scientific Reports N2 - Vanadium dioxide (VO2) features a pronounced, thermally-driven metal-to-insulator transition at 340 K. Employing epitaxial stress on rutile TiO2(001) substrates, the transition can be tuned to occur close to room temperature. Striving for applications in oxide-electronic devices, the lateral homogeneity of such samples must be considered as an important prerequisite for efforts towards miniaturization. Moreover, the preparation of smooth surfaces is crucial for vertically stacked devices and, hence, the design of functional interfaces. Here, the surface morphology of VO2/TiO2(001) films was analyzed by low-energy electron microscopy and diffraction as well as scanning probe microscopy. The formation of large terraces could be achieved under temperature-induced annealing, but also the occurrence of facets was observed and characterized. Further, we report on quasi-periodic arrangements of crack defects which evolve due to thermal stress under cooling. While these might impair some applicational endeavours, they may also present crystallographically well-oriented nano-templates of bulk-like properties for advanced approaches. KW - Vanadium dioxide (VO2) KW - rutile TiO2(001) KW - metal-to-insulator transition KW - morphology KW - crystallography KW - low-energy electron microscopy (LEEM) KW - low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) KW - scanning probe microscopy Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-78584-9 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jirasek, Robert A1 - Schauer, Thomas A1 - Bleicher, Achim T1 - Active Vibration Control of a Convertible Structure Based on a Polytopic LPV Model Representation T2 - IFAC-PapersOnLine N2 - This paper deals with modeling and control of lightweight convertible structures for the application in civil and structural engineering. Such structures are prone to vibrations due to their lightweight design. In addition, they exhibit transformation state dependent dynamic behavior. In order to guarantee a reliable operation, the use of active vibration control (AVC) is an effective means. For the example of a simplified convertible structure, modeling is demonstrated using the linear parameter-varying (LPV) framework. Based on local linear time-invariant (LTI) models, derived from a finite element model of the convertible structure, a polytopic LPV model is established. This LPV model is then utilized to design a polytopic LPV output-feedback controller for AVC during the structure’s transformation. The effectiveness of the designed controller is validated in simulation. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405896320321868 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2020.12.1590 SN - 2405-8963 VL - 53 IS - 2 SP - 8389 EP - 8394 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Yangwen A1 - Schauer, Thomas A1 - Wernicke, Laurenz A1 - Wulff, Wulf A1 - Bleicher, Achim T1 - Facade-Integrated Semi-Active Vibration Control for Wind-Excited Super-Slender Tall Buildings T2 - IFAC-PapersOnLine - 21th IFAC World Congress N2 - Nowadays, skyscrapers are getting higher and more slender due to inner-city concentration, which makes the structure more susceptible to dynamic excitations. The design of super-slender skyscrapers is governed primarily by wind excitation. A traditional Tuned Mass Damper (TMD) has been installed in many skyscrapers to mitigate wind-induced vibrations, which has been proven to be very reliable. However, it needs large additional mass and huge installation space near the top of the building, which makes TMD not optimal for superslender skyscrapers. In this paper, a semi-active distributed-Multiple Tuned Facade Damper (d-MTFD) using movable facade elements as damping mass is investigated. The facade elements at the upper stories of the building are parallel movable to the primary structure. Electrical Machines (EM) as variable damper are integrated in their connections to realize semi-active vibration control, which makes the system more effective and robust. For real application, a practical design criterion is that the relative displacement of the facade elements cannot be too large, otherwise it makes the occupants feel uncomfortable. Therefore, multi-objective Genetic Algorithm (GA)-optimized on-off groundhook semi-active control is applied, where two control objectives are optimized. One control objective is to minimize the peak top floor acceleration and the other control objective is to minimize the maximum peak relative displacement of all the facade elements. As a result, a Pareto Front shows that better vibration suppression performance and smaller facade relative displacement can be achieved using the multi-objective optimized controller. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405896320321819 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2020.12.1585 SN - 2405-8963 VL - 53 IS - 2 SP - 8395 EP - 8400 CY - Berlin ER - TY - GEN A1 - Morozova, Iuliia A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Naumov, Anton A1 - Królicka, Aleksandra A1 - Golubev, Iurii A1 - Bokov, Dmitry O. A1 - Doynov, Nikolay A1 - Weiß, Sabine A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Impact of Impulses on Microstructural Evolution and Mechanical Performance of Al-Mg-Si Alloy Joined by Impulse Friction Stir Welding T2 - Materials N2 - Impulse Friction Stir Welding (IFSW) was utilized to join 6082–T6 alloy plates at various impulse frequencies. A distinctive feature of IFSW is the generation of mechanical impulses that enhances the forging action of the tool, and thereby, alters the weld microstructure. The microstructural evolution in the Stir Zone (SZ) with special focus on the strengthening precipitation behavior, and overall mechanical properties of the IFSW joints have been investigated. It was demonstrated that the strengthening β″ precipitates reprecipitated in the SZ of the IFSW joints during natural aging. In contrast, no precipitates were found in the SZ of the Friction Stir Welding (FSW) weld. Partial reversion of β″ after IFSW is supposed to occur due to more developed subgrain network and higher dislocation density introduced by impulses that accelerated precipitation kinetics. Dynamic recrystallisation was facilitated by impulses resulting in a fine, homogeneous structure. There was no significant difference between the microhardness in the SZ, tensile and yield strength of the FSW and IFSW joints. However, the application of impulses demonstrated the smoothing of the hardness reduction in the transition region at the advancing side. The shift of the fracture location from the Heat-Affected Zone (HAZ) by FSW to the SZ as well as higher elongation of the joints by IFSW of lower frequencies could be related to the grain refinement and the change of the grain orientation. KW - Al-Mg-Si alloy KW - impulse friction stir welding (IFSW) KW - precipitation KW - microstructure evolution KW - mechanical properties Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/2/347/htm U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14020347 SN - 1996-1944 VL - 14 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick A1 - Minchenko, Leonid I. A1 - Zemkoho, Alain B. T1 - A note on partial calmness for bilevel optimization problems with linearly structured lower level T2 - Optimization Letters N2 - Partial calmness is a celebrated but restrictive property of bilevel optimization problems whose presence opens a way to the derivation of Karush–Kuhn–Tucker-type necessary optimality conditions in order to characterize local minimizers. In the past, sufficient conditions for the validity of partial calmness have been investigated. In this regard, the presence of a linearly structured lower level problem has turned out to be beneficial. However, the associated literature suffers from inaccurate results. In this note, we clarify some regarding erroneous statements and visualize the underlying issues with the aid of illustrative counterexamples. KW - Bilevel optimization KW - Linear programming KW - Partial calmness Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11590-020-01636-6 SN - 1862-4480 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Börgens, Eike A1 - Kanzow, Christian A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - New Constraint Qualifications for Optimization Problems in Banach Spaces Based on Asymptotic KKT Conditions T2 - SIAM Journal on Optimization N2 - Optimization theory in Banach spaces suffers from a lack of available constraint qualifications. There exist very few constraint qualifications, and these are often violated even in simple applications. This is very much in contrast to finite-dimensional nonlinear programs, where a large number of constraint qualifications is known. Since these constraint qualifications are usually defined using the set of active inequality constraints, it is difficult to extend them to the infinite-dimensional setting. One exception is a recently introduced sequential constraint qualification based on asymptotic KKT conditions. This paper shows that this so-called asymptotic KKT regularity allows suitable extensions to the Banach space setting in order to obtain new constraint qualifications. The relation of these new constraint qualifications to existing ones is discussed in detail. Their usefulness is also shown by several examples as well as an algorithmic application to the class of augmented Lagrangian methods. KW - asymptotic KKT conditions KW - asymptotic KKT regularity KW - constraint qualifications KW - optimization in Banach spaces KW - augmented Lagrangian method Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1137/19M1306804 SN - 1095-7189 SN - 1052-6234 VL - 30 IS - 4 SP - 2956 EP - 2982 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - No-Gap Second-Order Conditions under n-Polyhedric Constraints and Finitely Many Nonlinear Constraints T2 - Journal of Convex Analysis N2 - We consider an optimization problem subject to an abstract constraint and finitely many nonlinear constraints. Using the recently introduced concept of n-polyhedricity, we are able to provide second-order optimality conditions under weak regularity assumptions. In particular, we prove necessary optimality conditions of first and second order under the constraint qualification of Robinson, Zowe and Kurcyusz. Similarly, sufficient optimality conditions are stated. The gap between both conditions is as small as possible. KW - Second order optimality condition KW - critical cone KW - polyhedricity KW - Legendre form KW - non-unique multiplier Y1 - 2020 SN - 2363-6394 SN - 0944-6532 VL - 27 IS - 2 SP - 733 EP - 751 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Christof, Constantin A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - On Second-Order Optimality Conditionsfor Optimal Control Problems Governedby the Obstacle Problem T2 - Optimization N2 - This paper is concerned with second-order optimality conditions for Tikhonov regularized optimal control problems governed by the obstacle problem. Using a simple observation that allows to characterize the structure of optimal controls on the active set, we derive various conditions that guarantee the local/global optimality of first-order stationary points and/or the local/global quadratic growth of the reduced objective function. Our analysis extends and refines existing results from the literature and also covers those situations where the problem at hand involves additional box-constraints on the control. As a byproduct, our approach shows in particular that Tikhonov regularized optimal control problems for the obstacle problem can be reformulated as state-constrained optimal control problems for the Poisson equation and that problems involving a subharmonic obstacle and a convex objective function are uniquely solvable. The paper concludes with three counterexamples which illustrate that rather peculiar effects can occur in the analysis of second-order optimality conditions for optimal control problems governed by the obstacle problem and that necessary second-order conditions for such problems may be hard to derive. KW - obstacle problem KW - second-order condition KW - non-smooth optimization KW - optimal control KW - strong stationarity KW - global optimality KW - quadratic growth KW - control constraints Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/02331934.2020.1778686 SN - 1029-4945 SN - 0233-1934 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Biedunkiewicz, Anna A1 - Figiel, Paweł A1 - Garbiec, Dariusz A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Pawlyta, Mirosława A1 - Biedunkiewicz, Witold A1 - Pruss, Przemysław A1 - Rokosz, Krzysztof A1 - Wróbel, Rafał A1 - Raaen, Steinar A1 - Weiß, Sabine A1 - Bokov, Dmitry O. T1 - Influence of Elemental Carbon (EC) Coating Covering nc-(Ti,Mo)C Particles on the Microstructure and Properties of Titanium Matrix Composites Prepared by Reactive Spark Plasma Sintering T2 - Materials N2 - This paper describes the microstructure and properties of titanium-based composites obtained as a result of a reactive spark plasma sintering of a mixture of titanium and nanostructured (Ti,Mo)C-type carbide in a carbon shell. Composites with different ceramic addition mass percentage (10 and 20 wt %) were produced. Effect of content of elemental carbon covering nc-(Ti,Mo)C reinforcing phase particles on the microstructure, mechanical, tribological, and corrosion properties of the titanium-based composites was investigated. The microstructural evolution, mechanical properties, and tribological behavior of the Ti + (Ti,Mo)C/C composites were evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), electron backscatter diffraction analysis (EBSD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), 3D confocal laser scanning microscopy, nanoindentation, and ball-on-disk wear test. Moreover, corrosion resistance in a 3.5 wt % NaCl solution at RT were also investigated. It was found that the carbon content affected the tested properties. With the increase of carbon content from ca. 3 to 40 wt % in the (Ti,Mo)C/C reinforcing phase, an increase in the Young’s modulus, hardness, and fracture toughness of spark plasma sintered composites was observed. The results of abrasive and corrosive resistance tests were presented and compared with experimental data obtained for cp-Ti and Ti-6Al-4V alloy without the reinforcing phase. Moreover, it was found that an increase in the percentage of carbon increased the resistance to abrasive wear and to electrochemical corrosion of composites, measured by the relatively lower values of the friction coefficient and volume of wear and higher values of resistance polarization. This resistance results from the fact that a stable of TiO2 layer doped with MoO3 is formed on the surface of the composites. The results of experimental studies on the composites were compared with those obtained for cp-Ti and Ti-6Al-4V alloy without the reinforcing phase. KW - nanocomposites KW - TiMMCs KW - spark plasma sintering KW - (Ti,Mo)C/C KW - EBSD KW - fracture toughness Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/1/231 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14010231 SN - 1996-1944 VL - 14 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schönekerl, Stefan A1 - Acker, Jörg T1 - The Kinetics and Stoichiometry of Metal Cation Reduction on Multi-Crystalline Silicon in a Dilute Hydrofluoric Acid Matrix T2 - Nanomaterials N2 - In this study, the process of metal cation reduction on multi-crystalline silicon in a dilute hydrofluoric acid (HF) matrix is described using Ag(I), Cu(II), Au(III) and Pt(IV). The experimental basis utilized batch tests with various solutions of different metal cation and HF concentrations and multi-crystalline silicon wafers. The metal deposition kinetics and the stoichiometry of metal deposition and silicon dissolution were calculated by means of consecutive sampling and analysis of the solutions. Several reaction mechanisms and reaction steps of the process were discussed by overlaying the results with theoretical considerations. It was deduced that the metal deposition was fastest if the holes formed during metal ion reduction could be transferred to the valence bands of the bulk and surface silicon with hydrogen termination. By contrast, the kinetics were lowest when the redox levels of the metal ion/metal half-cells were weak and the equilibrium potential of the H3O+/H2 half-cells was high. Further minima were identified at the thresholds where H3O+ reduction was inhibited, the valence transfer via valence band mechanism was limited by a Schottky barrier and the dissolution of oxidized silicon was restricted by the activity of the HF species F−, HF2− and H2F3−. The findings of the stoichiometric conditions provided further indications of the involvement of H3O+ and H2O as oxidizing agents in addition to metal ions, and the hydrogen of the surface silicon termination as a reducing agent in addition to the silicon. The H3O+ reduction is the predominant process in dilute metal ion solutions unless it is disabled due to the metal-dependent equilibrium potential of the H3O+/H2 half-cell and the energetic level of the valence bands of the silicon. As silicon is not oxidized up to the oxidation state +IV by the reduction of the metal ions and H3O+, water is suspected of acting as a secondary oxidant. The stoichiometric ratios increased up to a maximum with higher molalities of the metal ions, in the manner of a sigmoidal function. If, owing to the redox level of the metal half-cells and the energetic level of the valence band at the metal–silicon contact, the surface silicon can be oxidized, the hydrogen of the termination is the further reducing agent. KW - silicon KW - etching KW - metal-assisted etching KW - kinetics KW - hydrofluoric acid KW - dissolution Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/10/12/2545 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10122545 SN - 1747-681X VL - 10 IS - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herold, Steven A1 - Acker, Jörg T1 - Lattice strain enhanced acidic etching on as cut sawn silicon wafer T2 - Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing N2 - The mechanical processing of silicon wafers leads to a heterogeneous lateral strain distribution and various modifications of the silicon, both of which influence the resulting topography after acid etching. In this study we investigate the influence of local strains and the initial topography of slurry and diamond wire saw wafers on the acid etching mechanism. The strain distribution is quantified and qualified by Raman microscopy before and after thermal treatment, while the topography is characterized by confocal microscopy before and after etching. The thermal treatment was used to selectively relax strains and investigate the effect of the individual strains on the etching mechanism. We found that amorphous silicon and compressive strained silicon are mainly present on the top most surface of the saw damage and do not influence the chemical reactivity of acid etching. In contrast, highly reactive tensile strained silicon is found up to 2.7 μm deep in the saw damage and acts as an etching mask. Rapid etching of the tensile strained silicon by HF/HNO3/H2SiF6 leads to the formation of cracks with high local concentrations of intermediate species. These strains induced cracks are etched out together with the original saw damage induced cracks and trenches and form the final surface after etching. Furthermore, we can show how the tensile strain strength must have a relative Raman shift of at least −2 cm−1 to have an effect on the local etch rate. Our data demonstrate how mechanical treatment in combination with thermal treatment and acidic etching can be used to optimize the resulting topography for applications like photovoltaics. In addition, it provides a deeper insight into the acid etching mechanism for non-planar silicon wafers. KW - silicon KW - lattice strain KW - Raman microscopy KW - confocal microscopy KW - etching KW - reactivity Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1369800120315080 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mssp.2020.105575 SN - 1873-4081 SN - 1369-8001 VL - 123 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick T1 - Asymptotic stationarity and regularity for nonsmooth optimization problems T2 - Journal of Nonsmooth Analysis and Optimization N2 - Based on the tools of limiting variational analysis, we derive a sequential necessary optimality condition for nonsmooth mathematical programs which holds without any additional assumptions. In order to ensure that stationary points in this new sense are already Mordukhovich-stationary, the presence of a constraint qualification which we call AM-regularity is necessary. We investigate the relationship between AM-regularity and other constraint qualifications from nonsmooth optimization like metric (sub-)regularity of the underlying feasibility mapping. Our findings are applied to optimization problems with geometric and, particularly, disjunctive constraints. This way, it is shown that AM-regularity recovers recently introduced cone-continuity-type constraint qualifications, sometimes referred to as AKKT-regularity, from standard nonlinear and complementarity-constrained optimization. Finally, we discuss some consequences of AM-regularity for the limiting variational calculus. KW - Asymptotic regularity KW - Asymptotic stationarity KW - Constraint qualifications KW - M-stationarity KW - Nonsmooth optimization KW - Variational analysis Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.46298/jnsao-2020-6575 SN - 2700-7448 VL - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Frimpong, Bernard Fosu A1 - Molkenthin, Frank T1 - Tracking Urban Expansion Using Random Forests for theClassification of Landsat Imagery (1986–2015) and PredictingUrban/Built-Up Areas for 2025: A Study of the KumasiMetropolis, Ghana T2 - Land N2 - Kumasi is a nodal city and functions as the administrative and economic capital of the Ashanti region in Ghana. Rapid urbanization has been experienced inducing the transformation of various Land Use Land Cover (LULC) types into urban/built-up areas in Kumasi. This paper aims at tracking spatio-temporal LULC changes utilizing Landsat imagery from 1986, 2013 and 2015 of Kumasi. The unique contribution of this research is its focus on urban expansion analysis and the utilization of Random Forest (RF) Classifier for satellite image classification. Change detection, urban land modelling and urban expansion in the sub-metropolitan zones, buffers, density decay curve and correlation analysis were methodologies adopted for our study. The classifier yielded better accuracy compared to earlier works in Ghana. The evaluation of LULC changes indicated that urban/built-up areas are continually increasing at the expense of agricultural and forestlands. The urban/built-up areas occupied 4622.49 hectares (ha) (23.78%), 13,447.50 ha (69.18%) and 14,004.60 ha (72.05%) in 1986, 2013 and 2015, respectively of the 19,438 ha area of Kumasi. Projection indicated that urban/built-up areas will occupy 15,490 ha (79.70%) in 2025. The urban expansion was statistically significant. The results revealed the importance of spatial modeling for environmental management and city planning. KW - urban/built-up areas KW - land use land cover KW - Kumasi KW - random forest classifier KW - urban expansion analysis Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/10/1/44 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/land10010044 SN - 2073-445X VL - 10 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 21 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Elliptic quasi-variational inequalities under a smallness assumption: uniqueness, differential stability and optimal control T2 - Calculus of Variations and Partial Differential Equations N2 - We consider a quasi-variational inequality governed by a moving set. We employ the assumption that the movement of the set has a small Lipschitz constant. Under this requirement, we show that the quasi-variational inequality has a unique solution which depends Lipschitz-continuously on the source term. If the data of the problem is (directionally) differentiable, the solution map is directionally differentiable as well. We also study the optimal control of the quasi-variational inequality and provide necessary optimality conditions of strongly stationary type. KW - quasi-variational inequality KW - uniqueness KW - directional differentiability KW - strong stationarity Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00526-020-01743-3 SN - 1432-0835 SN - 0944-2669 VL - 59 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Etling, Tommy A1 - Herzog, Roland A1 - Loayza, Estefania A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - First and Second Order Shape Optimization Based on Restricted Mesh Deformations T2 - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing N2 - We consider shape optimization problems subject to elliptic partial differential equations. In the context of the finite element method, the geometry to be optimized is represented by the computational mesh, and the optimization proceeds by repeatedly updating the mesh node positions. It is well known that such a procedure eventually may lead to a deterioration of mesh quality, or even an invalidation of the mesh, when interior nodes penetrate neighboring cells. We examine this phenomenon, which can be traced back to the ineptness of the discretized objective when considered over the space of mesh node positions. As a remedy, we propose a restriction in the admissible mesh deformations, inspired by the Hadamard structure theorem. First and second order methods are considered in this setting. Numerical results show that mesh degeneracy can be overcome, avoiding the need for remeshing or other strategies. FEniCS code for the proposed methods is available on GitHub. KW - shape optimization KW - shape gradient descent KW - shape Newton method KW - restricted mesh deformations Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1137/19M1241465 SN - 1095-7197 SN - 1064-8275 VL - 42 IS - 2 SP - A1200 EP - A1225 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bartels, Sören A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Numerical Approximation of Optimal Convex Shapes T2 - SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing N2 - This article investigates the numerical approximation of shape optimization problems with PDE constraint on classes of convex domains. The convexity constraint provides a compactness property which implies well posedness of the problem. Moreover, we prove the convergence of discretizations in two-dimensional situations. A numerical algorithm is devised that iteratively solves the discrete formulation. Numerical experiments show that optimal convex shapes are generally nonsmooth and that three-dimensional problems require an appropriate relaxation of the convexity condition. KW - shape optimization KW - PDE constraints KW - convexity KW - convergence KW - iterative solution Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1137/19M1256853 SN - 1095-7197 SN - 1064-8275 VL - 42 IS - 2 SP - A1226 EP - A1244 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jansen, Malte A1 - Staffell, Iain A1 - Kitzing, Lena A1 - Quoilin, Sylvain A1 - Wiggelinkhuizen, Edwin A1 - Bulder, Bernard A1 - Riepin, Iegor A1 - Müsgens, Felix T1 - Offshore wind competitiveness in mature markets without subsidy T2 - Nature Energy Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.nature.com/articles/s41560-020-0661-2 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-020-0661-2 SN - 2058-7546 VL - 5 IS - 8 SP - 614 EP - 622 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick T1 - A comparison of solution approaches for the numerical treatment of or-constrained optimization problems T2 - Computational Optimization and Applications N2 - Mathematical programs with or-constraints form a new class of disjunctive optimization problems with inherent practical relevance. In this paper, we provide a comparison of three different solution methods for the numerical treatment of this problem class which are inspired by classical approaches from disjunctive programming. First, we study the replacement of the or-constraints as nonlinear inequality constraints using suitable NCP-functions. Second, we transfer the or-constrained program into a mathematical program with switching or complementarity constraints which can be treated with the aid of well-known relaxation methods. Third, a direct Scholtes-type relaxation of the or-constraints is investigated. A numerical comparison of all these approaches which is based on three essentially different model programs from or-constrained optimization closes the paper. KW - Disjunctive programming KW - Global convergence KW - NCP-functions KW - Or-constrained programming KW - Relaxation methods Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10589-020-00169-z SN - 1573-2894 SN - 0926-6003 VL - 76 IS - 1 SP - 233 EP - 275 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Morales, Carlos A1 - Leinen, Dietmar A1 - Flores, Eduardo A1 - Muñoz-Cortes, Esmeralda A1 - Leardini, Fabrice A1 - Ares, José Ramón A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo A1 - Soriano, Leonardo A1 - Ferrer, Isabel J. A1 - Sanchez, Carlos T1 - Imaging the Kirkendall effect in pyrite (FeS2) thin films: Cross-sectional microstructure and chemical features T2 - Acta Materialia N2 - This investigation provides novel data on the structure and chemical composition of pyrite thin films and new hints concerning their formation mechanism. From TEM-HAADF data, it has been found that the films are composed of two different layers: one is very compact and the other one is quite porous with many voids separating a few groups of grains. This porous layer is always in direct contact with the substrate, and its thickness is quite similar to that of the original Fe film. The average size of pyrite grains is equal in both layers, what suggests that the same process is responsible for their formation. Concentration profiles of sulfur, iron and some impurities (mainly sodium and oxygen from the glass substrate) through both layers are given in this work, and thus chemical inhomogeneities of the films are proved by the obtained stoichiometric ratios (S/Fe). Moreover, Na from sodalime glass substrates mainly accumulates at the pyrite grain boundaries and barely dopes them. The obtained results support the hypothesis that the iron sulfuration process essentially induces the diffusion of iron atoms, what leads to the porous layer formation as a manifestation of the Kirkendall Effect. Therefore, it seems that the same mechanisms that operate in the synthesis of surface hollow structures at the nanoscale are also active in the formation of pyrite thin films ranging from several tens to hundreds of nanometers. KW - Pyrite KW - Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) KW - Cross-section KW - Kirkendall effect KW - Sodium doping Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2020.116582 SN - 1359-6454 SN - 1873-2453 VL - 205 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Bronnikova, Maria A1 - Solleiro-Rebolledo, Elizabeth T1 - Contemporary soil and paleosol landscapes as records of past environmental conditions T2 - Catena Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2020.105126 SN - 0341-8162 VL - 199 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Błaszkiewicz, Mirosław T1 - Evidence for an alternative concept of the Finow soil formation T2 - Catena Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2020.105064 SN - 0008-7769 SN - 1872-6887 VL - 198 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Friesen, Hans T1 - Malerei und Metaphysik. Von der Dominanz des Übersinnlichen zur Rehabilitation des Sinnlichen in der Kunst des 20. Jahrhunderts T2 - Aufklärung und Kritik. Zeitschrift für freies Denken und humanistische Philosophie KW - Kunst des 20. Jahrhunderts KW - Moderne KW - Malerei Y1 - 2020 SN - 0945-6627 VL - 27 IS - 3 SP - 111 EP - 118 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Somhorst, Joop A1 - Uczak De Goes, Wellington A1 - Oevermann, Michael A1 - Bovo, Mirko T1 - Experimental Evaluation of Novel Thermal Barrier Coatings in a Single Cylinder Light Duty Diesel Engine T2 - SAE Technical Papers N2 - The objective of this investigation was to improve the thermal properties of plasma sprayed thermal barrier coatings (TBC) for internal combustion engines. There is a need for further reduction of thermal conductivity and volumetric heat capacity and the negative effects on heat loss and combustion phasing of surface roughness and permeable porosity, typical for plasma sprayed coatings, should be minimized. Four measures for improvement of TBC properties were evaluated: i) modification of the coating's microstructure by using a novel suspension plasma spraying method, ii) application of gadolinium-zirconate, a novel ceramic material with low thermal conductivity, iii) polishing of the coating to achieve low surface roughness, and iv) sealing of the porous coating surface with a polysilazane. Six coating variants with different combinations of the selected measures were applied on the piston crown and evaluated in a single cylinder light duty diesel engine. The experimental data was modeled with multiple linear regression to obtain confidence intervals for the measurement results and to correct the data for variations of surface roughness, combustion phasing and compression ratio for the different pistons. The main tool for evaluation of the coating properties was cylinder pressure analysis, providing the apparent rate of heat release, indicated efficiency, wall heat loss, and exhaust loss. The new TBC microstructure from suspension plasma spraying in combination with the use of gadolinium-zirconate showed promising results with respect to indicated efficiency and heat loss reduction. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4271/2019-24-0062 SN - 2688-3627 SN - 0148-7191 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wadekar, Sandip A1 - Oevermann, Michael A1 - Lipatnikov, Andrei T1 - Large Eddy Simulation of Stratified Combustion in Spray-guided Direct Injection Spark-ignition Engine T2 - SAE Technical Papers N2 - Stratified combustion in gasoline engines constitutes a promising means of achieving higher thermal efficiency for low to medium engine loads than that achieved with combustion under standard homogeneous conditions. However, creating a charge that leads to a stable efficient low-emission stratified combustion process remains challenging. Combustion through a stratified charge depends strongly on the dynamics of the turbulent fuel-air mixing process and the flame propagation. Predictive simulation tools are required to elucidate this complex mixing and combustion process under stratified conditions. For the simulation of mixing processes, combustion models based on large-eddy turbulence modeling have typically outperformed the standard Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes methods. Therefore, we investigated spray-guided stratified combustion in a single cylinder engine using large-eddy turbulence modeling with a variant of the flame speed closure (FSC) model for premixed turbulent combustion. This model reveals the influence of the mixture composition on the flame speed. The effect of fluctuations in the composition were accounted for by using a presumed probability density function (PDF) approach for the mixture fraction. The fuel injection process was modeled with a standard Lagrangian spray model. More importantly, the measured in-cylinder pressure traces for three different loading cases with varying injection and ignition timings (leading to different levels of stratification) were accurately reproduced by the simulation. High-speed video images were used to evaluate the ability of the model to accurately simulate flame propagation under stratified conditions. The influence of mixture fluctuations on flame propagation was also investigated. KW - Single cylinder engines KW - Ignition timing KW - Combustion and combustion processes KW - Fuel injection Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4271/2018-01-1420 SN - 2688-3627 SN - 0148-7191 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mehlitz, Julia S. A1 - Auer, Benjamin R. T1 - A Monte Carlo evaluation of non-parametric estimators of expected shortfall T2 - Journal of Risk Finance Y1 - 2020 SN - 1526-5943 VL - 21 IS - 4 SP - 355 EP - 397 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lang, Korbinian A1 - Auer, Benjamin R. T1 - The economic and financial properties of crude oil: A review T2 - North American Journal of Economics and Finance Y1 - 2020 SN - 1879-0860 SN - 1062-9408 VL - 52 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mohseni, Farnaz A1 - Weidner, Silke A1 - Kloos, Michael T1 - A historical analysis and the identification of driving forces behind the evolution of the urban macro skyline of Shiraz, Iran T2 - Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development N2 - Purpose The historic city of Shiraz, in the south of Iran, is renowned for its monuments and its remarkable macro skyline, which has been destructively affected by the rapid urban development. This research proposes a systematic historical analysis, which can discover the driving forces behind the evolution of the macro skyline of Shiraz, in the past as well as contemporary times. Design/methodology/approach The proposed general framework of the methodology is constituted of systematic historical mapping and documentation, which is based on a desk study and field research. Moreover, by means of this methodology, different layers and driving forces of shaping the urban macro skyline are extracted. Findings The outcome demonstrates 12 driving forces or contributing factors behind the evolution of the urban macro skyline. Based on the results, it is concluded that there was a shift in the subject and content of driving forces during the last century that has contributed to the destructive effects on the silhouette of Shiraz in turn. Practical implications It is suggested that the proposed comprehensive method, which is based on the historical analysis and the field survey, can be applied as a documentation platform. It is believed that the analysis and the extraction of driving forces can facilitate future urban landscape management plans as well as possible impact assessments. Originality/value Many studies rely on the analysis of historical data in landscape assessment. Nevertheless, this research develops an innovative historical analysis, which identifies the driving forces behind the evolution of the urban macro skyline over time. KW - Heritage Studies KW - Urban History Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JCHMSD-09-2019-0110/full/html U6 - https://doi.org/10.1108/JCHMSD-09-2019-0110 SN - 2044-1266 VL - 10 IS - 4 SP - 413 EP - 427 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rösch, Janina J. A1 - Seidlitz, Holger A1 - Pfeifer, Robin A1 - Burlefinger, Hubert A1 - Maurer, Thomas T1 - Preform joints in embroidered fabrics – influence on the mechanical properties T2 - Advanced Composite Materials N2 - Preforms with large complex geometry, for example, body parts for the automotive industry, are consisted into multiple elements – so-called sub-preforms. Hereby the sub-preforms can be adjusted to different local load cases but joining of these sub-preforms also raises challenges. The preform joints are decisive to the mechanical properties of the final component. The state-of-the-art joint, a single lap, results in a variation of wall thickness with local redirection of fibre orientation. In this paper, the influence of alternative joints of embroidered fabrics is analysed regarding the resulting mechanical properties of the part. The built test specimen contains different preform joints with different process-relevant parameters. Such as gaps between the sub-preforms, to analyse the influence on the mechanical performance. To reveal the various defects like voids, air pockets and to validate the fibre orientation, computer tomography (CT) investigation was performed on the built plates. In addition, the influence in mechanical properties was also analysed. The overlapping is analysed with tensile strength test according to DIN EN ISO 527-4. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09243046.2020.1744345 SP - 1 EP - 16 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fistler, Marco A1 - Kerstein, Alan R. A1 - Wunsch, Scott A1 - Oevermann, Michael T1 - Turbulence modulation in particle-laden stationary homogeneous shear turbulence using one-dimensional turbulence T2 - Physical Review Fluids N2 - Turbulence modulation in particle-laden stationary homogeneous shear turbulence (HST) is investigated using one-dimensional turbulence (ODT), a low-dimensional stochastic flow simulation model. For this purpose, an ODT formulation previously used to study turbulence modulation in forced homogeneous isotropic turbulence (HIT) is extended, so that the model emulates the anisotropic character of HST and, potentially, anisotropic turbulence in general. This is done by limiting the kinetic-energy redistribution during an eddy event to an exchange involving two velocity components, where the three possible choices of the omitted component define three eddy types whose relative likelihoods control the anisotropy. Comparisons of ODT and direct-numerical-simulation results with reference to signatures of turbulence modulation are the basis of a broader ODT parameter study that is reported. Owing to the reduced dimensionality of ODT, it is found that the fidelity of the model for single-phase HST does not extend to particle effects on flow anisotropy, but for quantities averaged over components, parametric trends are captured. The consistent approach to case comparisons that was introduced in the HIT study to evaluate sensitivities to particle-phase parameters in a given flow configuration is extended here to a cross-comparison of HST and HIT model results, and its efficacy is again confirmed. The results provide an overall characterization of the potential for ODT to support the incorporation of particle-induced turbulence modulation into subgrid-scale closures of large-eddy simulations. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.5.124303 SN - 2469-990X VL - 5 IS - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wadekar, Sandip A1 - Yamaguchi, Akichika A1 - Oevermann, Michael T1 - Large-Eddy Simulation on the Effects of Fuel Injection Pressure on the Gasoline Spray Characteristics T2 - SAE Technical Papers N2 - Increasing the injection pressure in gasoline direct injection engines has a substantial potential to reduce emissions while maintaining a high efficiency in spark ignition engines. Present gasoline injectors are operating in the range of 20 MPa to 25 MPa. Now there is an interest in higher fuel injection pressures, for instance, around 40 MPa, 60 MPa and even higher pressures, because of its potential for further emission reduction and fuel efficiency improvements. In order to fully utilize the high-pressure fuel injection technology, a fundamental understanding of gasoline spray characteristics is vital to gain insight into spray behavior under such high injection pressures. The understanding achieved may also be beneficial to improve further model development and facilitate the integration of such advanced injection systems into future gasoline engines. In the present study, a gasoline fuel spray has been investigated over a range of fuel injection pressures from 40 to 150 MPa through a numerical simulation study. The numerical calculations have been performed in a constant volume chamber under non-vaporizing conditions to best match the experimental setup. The numerical model utilized a large-eddy simulation (LES) approach for the gas flow and a standard Lagrangian spray model for the liquid phase. The spray atomization has been modeled using the Kelvin Helmholtz - Rayleigh Taylor (KH-RT) atomization model with a droplet size distribution from the injector assumed to follow a Rosin-Rammler distribution function. Simulation results for the spray liquid penetration length are validated with experimental findings under different fuel injection pressures. Afterwards, an arithmetic mean droplet diameter (D10) and a Sauter mean droplet diameter (D32) as a function of pressure are compared against the measured droplet diameters. Simulated drop size distributions are presented and compared with measured droplet sizes. The results indicate that a high fuel injection pressure increases the liquid penetration length and significantly reduces droplet sizes. The results also exhibit that the SMD decreases from 13.4 μm to 7.5 μm, when injection pressure changes from 40 MPa to 150 MPa and that probability of finding the 5-9 μm droplet diameter decreases from 72% to 40% for the injection pressure drops from 150 MPa to 40 MPa. KW - Spark ignition engines KW - Fuel injection KW - Fuel economy KW - Energy conservation Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4271/2019-01-0060 SN - 2688-3627 SN - 0148-7191 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Matveev, Alexey S. A1 - Machado, Juan Eduardo A1 - Ortega, Romeo A1 - Schiffer, Johannes A1 - Pyrkin, Anton T1 - A Tool for Analysis of Existence of Equilibria and Voltage Stability in Power Systems with Constant Power Loads T2 - IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control N2 - It is well known that constant power loads in power systems have a destabilizing effect. Their growing presence in modern installations significantly aggravates this issue, hence, motivating the development of new methods to analyze their effect in ac and dc power systems. Formally, this problem can be cast as the analysis of solutions of a set of nonlinear algebraic equations of the form f(x) = 0, where f : R n → R n , to which we associate the differential equation x = f(x). By invoking advanced concepts of dynamical systems theory and effectively exploiting its monotonicity, the following properties are established: First, prove that, if there are equilibria, there is a distinguished one that is stable and attractive, and give conditions such that it is unique. Second, give a simple online procedure to decide whether equilibria exist or not and to compute the distinguished one. Third, prove that the method is also applicable for the case when the parameters of the system are not exactly known. It is shown how the proposed tool can be applied to the analysis of long-term voltage stability in ac power systems, and to the study of existence of equilibria of multiterminal high-voltage dc systems and dc microgrids. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TAC.2020.2965028 SN - 0018-9286 SN - 1558-2523 VL - 65 IS - 11 SP - 4726 EP - 4740 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Alghamdi, Sultan A1 - Schiffer, Johannes A1 - Fridman, Emilia T1 - Synthesizing Sparse and Delay-Robust Distributed Secondary Frequency Controllers for Microgrids T2 - IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology N2 - Consensus-based control schemes experience increasing popularity in the context of secondary frequency control in microgrids. Fundamental aspects in their practical implementation are the design of the communication topology as well as robustness with respect to both time-varying communication delays and exogenous disturbances. Motivated by this, we propose a design procedure for a consensus-based secondary frequency controller that ensures robustness with respect to heterogeneous fast-varying communication delays and simultaneously provides the option to trade off the L₂-gain performance against the number of required communication links. Our design criterion is equilibrium-independent and based on the Lyapunov-Krasovskii method for interval time-varying delays together with the descriptor method. The efficacy of the proposed approach is demonstrated by using numerical experiments on the CIGRE benchmark medium-voltage distribution network. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TCST.2020.2977300 SN - 1558-0865 SN - 1063-6536 VL - 29 IS - 2 SP - 691 EP - 703 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rueda-Escobedo, Juan G. A1 - Moreno, Jaime A. T1 - Strong Lyapunov Functions for Two Classical Problems in Adaptive Control T2 - Automatica N2 - Strong Lyapunov functions for two classical problems in adaptive control and parameter identification are presented. These Lyapunov functions incorporate in their structure the classical persistency of excitation conditions, allowing to show global uniform asymptotic stability of the associated adaptive systems under sufficient and necessary conditions. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.automatica.2020.109250 VL - 124 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Somhorst, Joop A1 - Oevermann, Michael A1 - Bovo, Mirko A1 - Denbratt, Ingemar T1 - A Method to Evaluate the Compression Ratio in IC Engines with Porous Thermal Barrier Coatings T2 - SAE Technical Papers N2 - The compression ratio is an important engine design parameter. It determines to a large extend engine properties like the achievable efficiency, the heat losses from the combustion chamber and the exhaust losses. The same properties are affected by insulation of the combustion chamber. It is therefore especially important to know the compression ratio when doing experiments with thermal barrier coatings (TBC). In case of porous TBCs, the standard methods to measure the compression ratio can give wrong results. When measuring the compression ratio by volume, using a liquid, it is uncertain if the liquid fills the total porous volume of the coating. And for a thermodynamic compression ratio estimation, a model for the heat losses is needed, which is not available when doing experiments with insulation. The subject of this paper is the evaluation of an alternative method to assess the compression ratio. It is based on motored cylinder pressure data like other thermodynamic methods but does not need a model for the heat losses. The validation and application of the method is done with data from experiments involving two types of porous TBCs, performed on a light duty single cylinder diesel engine. The results indicate that the proposed method accurately predicts the compression ratio for porous thermal barrier coatings. KW - Combustion chambers KW - Combustion and combustion processes KW - Coatings, colorants, and finishes KW - Insulation Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4271/2018-01-1778 SN - 2688-3627 SN - 0148-7191 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Udina, Mattia A1 - Castellani, Claudio A1 - Benfatto, Lara T1 - Third harmonic generation from collective modes in disordered superconductors T2 - Physical Review B N2 - Recent experiments with strong THz fields in both conventional and unconventional superconductors have clearly evidenced a marked third-harmonic generation below the superconducting temperature Tc. Its interpretation challenged substantial theoretical work aimed at establishing the relative efficiency of quasiparticle excitations and collective modes in triggering such a resonant response. Here we compute the nonlinear current by implementing a time-dependent Bogoljubov–de Gennes approach, with the twofold aim to account nonperturbatively for the effect of local disorder, and to include the contribution of all collective modes, i.e., superconducting amplitude (Higgs) and phase fluctuations, and charge fluctuations. We show that, in agreement with previous work, already at small disorder the quasiparticle response is dominated by paramagnetic effects. We further demonstrate that paramagnetic processes mediate also the response of all collective modes, with a substantial contribution of charge/phase fluctuations. These processes, which have been overlooked so far, turn out to dominate the third-order current at strong disorder. In addition, we show that disorder strongly influences the polarization dependence of the nonlinear response, with a marked difference between the clean and the disordered case. Our results are particularly relevant for recent experiments in cuprates, whose band structure is in a first approximation reproduced by our lattice model. KW - High-order harmonic generation KW - Impurities in superconductors KW - Optical & microwave phenomena KW - Quasiparticles & collective excitations KW - Superconductivity KW - Disordered systems KW - Higgs bosons KW - Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations Y1 - 2021 UR - https://journals.aps.org/prb/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevB.103.014512 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.103.014512 VL - 103 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick T1 - On the Sequential Normal Compactness Condition and its Restrictiveness in Selected Function Spaces T2 - Set-Valued and Variational Analysis N2 - Sequential normal compactness is one of the most important properties in terms of modern variational analysis. It is necessary for the derivation of calculus rules for the computation of generalized normals to set intersections or preimages of sets under transformations. While sequential normal compactness is inherent in finite-dimensional Banach spaces, its presence has to be checked in the infinite-dimensional situation. In this paper, we show that broad classes of sets in Lebesgue and Sobolev spaces which are reasonable in the context of optimal control suffer from an intrinsic lack of sequential normal compactness. KW - Decomposable set KW - Optimal control KW - Sequential normal compactness Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11228-018-0475-6 SN - 1877-0541 SN - 1877-0533 IS - 27 SP - 763 EP - 782 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wadekar, Sandip A1 - Oevermann, Michael T1 - Large-Eddy Simulation Study of Ultra-High Fuel Injection Pressure on Gasoline Sprays T2 - Flow, Turbulence and Combustion N2 - The development of gasoline spray at ultra-high injection pressures was analyzed using Large-Eddy simulation (LES). Two different nozzle hole geometries, divergent and convergent shape, were considered to inject the fuel at injection pressures ranging from 200 to 1500 bar inside a constant volume spray chamber maintained at atmospheric conditions. The discrete droplet phase was treated using a Lagrangian formulation together with the standard spray sub-models. The numerical results were calibrated by reproducing experimentally observed liquid penetration length and efforts were made to understand the influence of ultra-high injection pressures on the spray development. The calibrated model was then used to investigate the impact of ultra-high injection pressures on mean droplet size and droplet size distribution. In addition, the spray-induced large-scale eddies and entrainment rate were evaluated at different ultra-high injection pressures. Overall, simulation results showed a good agreement with available measurement data. At ultra-high injection pressures mean droplet sizes were significantly reduced and comprised very high velocities. Integral length scales of spray-induced turbulence and air entrainment rate into the spray were larger at higher injection pressure compared to lower ones. KW - Sprayinduced turbulence KW - Ultra-high injection pressure KW - Large-Eddy simulation KW - Air-entrainment KW - Gasoline spray Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10494-020-00231-0 SN - 1573-1987 SN - 1386-6184 VL - 107 (2021) IS - 1 SP - 149 EP - 174 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zanoun, El-Sayed A1 - Egbers, Christoph A1 - Dewidar, Yasser T1 - Two-Point Velocity Correlations in Fully Developed Turbulent Pipe Flow at Shear Reynolds Number of Reτ ≈ 4000 T2 - Proceedings in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics : (PAMM) Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.202000330 SN - 1617-7061 VL - 20 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schellenberger, Sven A1 - Shi, Kilin A1 - Steigleder, Tobias A1 - Malessa, Anke A1 - Michler, Fabian A1 - Hameyer, Laura A1 - Neumann, Nina A1 - Lurz, Fabian A1 - Weigel, Robert A1 - Ostgathe, Christoph A1 - Kölpin, Alexander T1 - A dataset of clinically recorded radar vital signs with synchronised reference sensor signals T2 - Scientific Data Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.15480/882.2900 SN - 2052-4463 VL - 7 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Němec, Tomáš A1 - Líznarová, E. A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Horsák, M. T1 - Stable isotope analysis as a method to investigate land-snail food partitioning: a case study from Central European floodplain forest T2 - Journal of Zoology N2 - Land snails are abundant invertebrates in many terrestrial ecosystems, playing an essential role in food webs and nutrient cycling. Although snails are commonly considered general grazers with a strong tendency to omnivory, their foraging strategy is well documented only for a few species. Virtually no data exist on trophic niche partitioning within snail assemblages. To fill this gap, we analyzed naturally occurring stable isotope (δ13C, δ15N), an approach widely applied in ecological research, but only rarely in terrestrial snail studies. We collected ten individuals of the dominant co‐occurring land snails (i.e., Aegopinella nitidula, Fruticicola fruticum, Oxyloma elegans, Succinea putris, Trochulus villosulus and Zonitoides nitidus) in a floodplain forest floor, along with their potential food sources and other invertebrates. All species, except for A. nitidula, showed high intraspecific variation in isotope signatures, indicating their opportunistic feeding behavior. Such a high intraspecific variation combined with the active movement range of all the species allows switching between food sources based on their accessibility. We observed that the trophic niches of the studied species highly overlapped, except for Z. nitidus. This suggests that trophic niche compartmentalization among co‐occurring species does not seem to be the mechanism to avoid competition for food. Virtually unlimited resources for snail food are assumed to explain the coexistence of many species in high‐density populations. Our results add to this concept of assembly rules in snail species by the finding of highly variable and overlapping trophic niches among the majority of the studied species. KW - tropic position KW - snail KW - competition KW - stable isotope analysis KW - oppurtunistic behavior KW - food source Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/jzo.12859 SN - 1469-7998 VL - 313 IS - 4 SP - 297 EP - 306 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lorenz-Meyer, Nicolai A1 - Bobtsov, Alexey A1 - Ortega, Romeo A1 - Nikolaev, Nikolay A1 - Schiffer, Johannes T1 - PMU-Based Decentralized Mixed Algebraic and Dynamic State Observation in Multi-Machine Power Systems T2 - IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution N2 - We propose a novel decentralized mixed algebraic and dynamic state observation method for multi-machine power systems with unknown inputs and equipped with Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs). More specifically, we prove that for the third-order flux-decay model of a synchronous generator, the local PMU measurements give enough information to reconstruct algebraically the load angle and the quadrature-axis internal voltage. Due to the algebraic structure a high numerical efficiency is achieved, which makes the method applicable to large scale power systems. Also, we prove that the relative shaft speed can be globally estimated combining a classical Immersion and Invariance (I&I) observer with—the recently introduced—dynamic regressor and mixing (DREM) parameter estimator. This adaptive observer ensures global convergence under weak excitation assumptions that are verified in applications. The proposed method does not require the measurement of exogenous inputs signals such as the field voltage and the mechanical torque nor the knowledge of mechanical subsystem parameters. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1049/iet-gtd.2020.1275 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-gtd.2020.1275 SN - 1751-8695 SN - 1751-8687 VL - 14 IS - 25 SP - 6267 EP - 6275 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Galán Díaz, Javier A1 - Garcia de la Riva, Enrique A1 - Parker, Ingrid M. A1 - Leiva, María José A1 - Bernardo-Madrid, Rubén A1 - Vilà, Montserrat T1 - Plant Community Assembly in Invaded Recipient Californian Grasslands and Putative Donor Grasslands in Spain T2 - Diversity N2 - The introduction of exotic species to new regions offers opportunities to test fundamental questions in ecology, such as the context-dependency of community structure and assembly. Annual grasslands provide a model system of a major unidirectional introduction of plant species from Europe to North America. We compared the community structure of grasslands in two Mediterranean regions by surveying plots in Spain and in California with similar environmental and management conditions. All species found in Spanish grasslands were native to Spain, and over half of them (74 of 139 species) are known to have colonized California. In contrast, in California, over half of the species (52 of 95 species) were exotic species, all of them native to Spain. Nineteen species were found in multiple plots in both regions (i.e., shared species). The abundance of shared species in California was either similar to (13 species) or greater than (6 species) in Spain. In California, plants considered pests were more likely than non-pest species to have higher abundance. Co-occurring shared species tended to maintain their relative abundance in native and introduced communities, which indicates that pools of exotic species might assemble similarly at home and away. These findings provide interesting insights into community assembly in novel ecosystems. They also highlight an example of startling global and local floristic homogenization. KW - biogeographical comparisons KW - community similarity KW - exotic plants KW - Mediterranean grasslands KW - pests KW - plant invasions KW - species abundance Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/d12050193 SN - 1424-2818 VL - 12 IS - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Viderman, Tihomir T1 - Quarantine: Alienated Space by Expert Knowledge T2 - Space and Culture N2 - Based on an ethnographic account of a transitory space of an aircraft under lockdown, this article reflects on quarantine as the product of expert technocratic knowledge, which blurs fine-grained social moments and relationships to create a homogenous functional space. It argues that space under lockdown is a form of a functional alienated space produced and conditioned by non-transparent management mechanisms that are legitimized by seemingly routinized protocols and abstract representations. While this argument is not optimistic as regards capacity building for political or social change, it identifies current spatial configurations as a unique opportunity for experiencing how representations of space prevail over (struggles in) everyday life. KW - lockdown KW - lived space KW - everyday life KW - alienation KW - abstraction Y1 - 2020 UR - https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1206331220938644 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/1206331220938644 SN - 1552-8308 SN - 1206-3312 VL - 23 IS - 3 SP - 259 EP - 264 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wagner, Katharina T1 - Lösungsmöglichkeiten zur Mehrkostenverteilung bei Gemeinschaftsfinanzierung T2 - Zeitschrift für öffentliche und gemeinwirtschaftliche Unternehmen KW - Bankruptcy Games KW - Constrained-Equal-Awards-Regel KW - Constrained-Equal-Losses-Regel KW - kooperative Spieltheorie KW - Lorenzgerechtigkeit KW - Rationierungsspiele KW - Verteilungsgerechtigkeit KW - Talmud-Regel Y1 - 2019 SN - 0344-9777 VL - 42 IS - 4 SP - 376 EP - 392 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mohseni, Farnaz A1 - Lotfi, Sahand A1 - Sholeh, Mahsa T1 - Proposing an adapted visibility analysis methodology for the building height codes of the Shiraz development plan T2 - Sustainable Cities and Society N2 - Rapid urban development has posed destructive effects on the visual quality of many cities over the past few decades. Consequently, Visibility Analysis (VA) methods have been adopted to evaluate and prevent the visual influences of the development over valuable scenes. Shiraz' strategic view of the Quran Gate, in especial, is known for its remarkable landmarks, while the visual effects of the recent rapid urban growth on the view have been a matter of concern. The future of the view is even more at risk due to the lack of synergy between the urban development plan and historic preservation regulation. Consequently, this study aims to undertake a Visibility Analysis of the height regulation of the Shiraz Development Plan on the view of the Quran Gate. In this essence, two 3D models of the study area are produced based on the existing condition and the Shiraz Development Plan scenario. By choosing seventeen key viewpoints, visibility analysis of landmarks and viewpoints was conducted. The results demonstrate the destructive visual effects of the development plan on the strategic view. It is suggested that the proposed cost-efficient methodology can minimize subjective evaluation and contribute to the synergy between development and conservation plans. KW - Visibility Analysis KW - Urban Landscape Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2210670720305680 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2020.102347 SN - 2210-6707 VL - 61 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Xue, Rui A1 - Bestle, Dieter A1 - Wang, Guoping A1 - Zhang, Jiangshu A1 - Rui, Xiaoting A1 - He, Bin T1 - A New Version of the Riccati Transfer matrix Method for Multibody systems Consisting of Chain and Branch Bodies T2 - Multibody System Dynamics Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11044-019-09711-2 SN - 1573-272X SN - 1384-5640 VL - 49 IS - 3 SP - 337 EP - 354 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fahrion, Marc-Steffen A1 - Draeger, Susan A1 - Sinn, Michel A1 - Altinisik, Leman A1 - Sobek, Werner T1 - AKTIVkrankenhaus – Modernisierungsstrategie für ein klimaneutrales Krankenhausareal T2 - Bauphysik Y1 - 2018 SN - 0171-5445 SN - 1437-0980 VL - 40 IS - 4 SP - 169 EP - 179 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Donald, Aimee A1 - Tan, Chong Y. A1 - Chakrapani, Anupam A1 - Hughes, Derralyn A. A1 - Sharma, Reena A1 - Cole, Duncan A1 - Bardins, Stanislav A1 - Gorges, Martin A1 - Jones, Simon A. A1 - Schneider, Erich T1 - Eye movement biomarkers allow for the definition of phenotypes in Gaucher Disease T2 - Orphanet journal of rare diseases : OJRD N2 - Background: Neurological forms of Gaucher disease, the inherited disorder of β-Glucosylceramidase caused by bi-allelic variants in GBA1, is a progressive disorder which lacks a disease-modifying therapy. Systemic manifestations of disease are effectively treated with enzyme replacement therapy, however, molecules which cross the blood-brain barrier are still under investigation. Clinical trials of such therapeutics require robust, reproducible clinical endpoints to demonstrate efficacy and clear phenotypic definitions to identify suitable patients for inclusion in trials. The single consistent clinical feature in all patients with neuronopathic disease is the presence of a supranuclear saccadic gaze palsy, in the presence of Gaucher disease this finding serves as diagnostic of 'type 3' Gaucher disease. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://ojrd.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13023-020-01637-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s13023-020-01637-9 SN - 1750-1172 VL - 15 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gabih, Abdelali A1 - Kondakji, Hakam A1 - Wunderlich, Ralf T1 - Asymptotic filter behavior for high-frequency expert opinions in a market with Gaussian drift, Stochastic Models T2 - Stochastic Models Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/15326349.2020.1758567 SN - 1532-6349 VL - 36 IS - 4 SP - 519 EP - 547 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Khan, Mohammad Faisal A1 - Hasan, Md. Gulzarul A1 - Quddoos, Abdul A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin T1 - Goal Programming Models with Linear and Exponential Fuzzy Preference Relations T2 - Symmetry Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/sym12060934 SN - 2073-8994 VL - 12 IS - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ali, Irfan A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin A1 - Gupta, Srikant A1 - Modibbo, Umar Muhammad T1 - The LR-Type Fuzzy Multi-Objective Vendor Selection Problem in Supply Chain Management T2 - Mathematics Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/math8091621 SN - 2227-7390 VL - 8 IS - 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Singham, Dashi I. A1 - Cai, Wenbo A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin T1 - Flexible contracting with heterogeneous agents and stochastic demand T2 - International Journal of Production Economics Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2020.107840 SN - 0925-5273 VL - 231 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Auer, Peter A1 - Dósa, György A1 - Dulai, Tibor A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin A1 - Näser, Peggy A1 - Ortner, Ronald A1 - Werner-Stark, Ágnes T1 - A new heuristic and an exact approach for a production planning problem T2 - Central European Journal of Operations Research Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10100-020-00689-3 SN - 1613-9178 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zazai, M. Fawad A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin T1 - Computing the trajectories for the development of optimal routes T2 - Optimization and Engineering Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11081-020-09569-w SN - 1573-2924 VL - Vol. 22 (2021) IS - 2 SP - 975 EP - 999 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Moreno, Liana Amaya A1 - Omidi, Maryam A1 - Wurlitzer, Marcus A1 - Luthringer, Bérengère A1 - Helmholz, Heike A1 - Schlüter, Hartmut A1 - Willumeit-Römer, Regine A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin T1 - Understanding Protein Networks Using Vester's Sensitivity Model T2 - IEEE/ACM Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TCBB.2018.2885757 SN - 1545-5963 SN - 1557-9964 VL - 17 IS - 4 SP - 1440 EP - 1450 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Li, Yuzhi A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Stark, Andreas A1 - Wang, Li A1 - Oehring, Michael A1 - Paul, Jonathan A1 - Lorenz, Uwe T1 - Temperature dependence of misfit in different Co–Al–W ternary alloys measured by synchrotron X-ray diffraction T2 - Journal of Alloys and Compounds Y1 - 2020 SN - 0925-8388 VL - 819 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Song, Lin A1 - Wang, Li A1 - Zhang, Tiebang A1 - Lin, Junpin A1 - Pyczak, Florian T1 - Microstructure and phase transformations of omega_o-Ti4Al3Nb based alloys after quenching and subsequent aging at intermediate temperatures T2 - Journal of Alloys and Compounds Y1 - 2020 SN - 0925-8388 VL - 821 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Song, Lin A1 - Appel, Fritz A1 - Wang, Li A1 - Oehring, Michael A1 - Hu, Xingguo A1 - Stark, Andreas A1 - He, Junyang A1 - Lorenz, Uwe A1 - Zhang, Tiebang A1 - Lin, Junpin A1 - Pyczak, Florian T1 - New insights into high-temperature deformation and phase transformation mechanisms of lamellar structures in high Nb-containing TiAl alloys T2 - Acta Materialia Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2020.01.021 SN - 1873-2453 SN - 1359-6454 VL - 186 SP - 575 EP - 586 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lazurenko, Daria V. A1 - Laptev, Ilia S. A1 - Golkovsky, Mikhail G. A1 - Stark, Andreas A1 - Paul, Jonathan A1 - Bataev, Ivan A. A1 - Ruktuev, Alexey A. A1 - Song, Lin A1 - Gollwitzer, Christian A1 - Pyczak, Florian T1 - Influence of the Ti/Al/Nb ratio on the structure and properties on intermetallic layers obtained on titanium by non-vacuum electron beam cladding T2 - Materials Characterization Y1 - 2020 SN - 1044-5803 VL - 163 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Xu, Peng A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Yan, Ma A1 - Limberg, Wolfgang A1 - Willumeit-Römer, Regine A1 - Ebel, Thomas T1 - Tensile toughening of powder-injection-molded β Ti-Nb-Zr biomaterials by adjusting TiC particle distribution from aligned to dispersed pattern T2 - Applied Materials Today Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmt.2020.100630 SN - 2352-9407 VL - 19 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Xu, Peng A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Yang, Ma A1 - Kong, Fantao A1 - Ebel, Thomas T1 - Impacts of yttrium on microstructure and tensile properties of biomedical β Ti-Nb-Zr fabricated by metal injection molding T2 - Materials Science and Engineering: A Y1 - 2020 SN - 0921-5093 VL - 792 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gombola, C. A1 - Hasemann, G. A1 - Kauffmann, A. A1 - Sprenger, I. A1 - Laube, S. A1 - Schmitt, A. A1 - Gang, Florian A1 - Bolbut, V. A1 - Oehring, Michael A1 - Blankenburg, Malte A1 - Schell, Norbert A1 - Staron, Peter A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Krüger, Manja A1 - Heilmaier, Martin T1 - A zone melting device for the in-situ observation of directional solidification using high-energy synchrotron X-rays T2 - Review of Scientific Instruments Y1 - 2020 SN - 0034-6748 SN - 1089-7623 VL - 91 IS - 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Neumeier, Steffen A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Göken, Mathias T1 - The temperature dependent lattice misfit of rhenium and ruthenium containing nickel-base superalloys–experiment and modelling T2 - Materials and Design Y1 - 2020 SN - 0264-1275 VL - 198 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Soyama, Juliano A1 - Limberg, Wolfgang A1 - Ebel, Thomas A1 - Pyczak, Florian T1 - Sintering and Creep Resistance of Powder-Metallurgy-Processed Ti-(43-47)Al-5Nb-0.2B-0.2C T2 - Advanced Engineering Materials Y1 - 2020 SN - 1527-2648 VL - 22 IS - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ivanov, Ivan V. A1 - Lazurenko, Daria V. A1 - Stark, Andreas A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Thömmes, Alexander A1 - Bataev, Ivan A. T1 - Application of Different Diffraction Peak Profile Analysis Methods to Study the Structure Evolution of Cold-Rolled Hexagonal α-Titanium T2 - Metals and Materials International Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12540-019-00309-z SN - 2005-4149 SN - 1598-9623 VL - 26 IS - 1 SP - 83 EP - 93 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meyer, Roland T1 - Unsichtbare Gesichter. Zur Bildgeschichte der Gesichtserkennung T2 - Regards croisés KW - Gesichtserkennung KW - Bildgeschichte Y1 - 2020 UR - http://hicsa.univ-paris1.fr/page.php?r=93&id=1073 SN - 2729-2584 IS - 10 SP - 12 EP - 29 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meyer, Roland T1 - Des visages invisibles. Vers une histoire des images de la reconnaissance faciale T2 - Regards croisés Y1 - 2020 UR - http://hicsa.univ-paris1.fr/page.php?r=93&id=1073&lang=fr SN - 2509-4750 IS - 10 SP - 30 EP - 43 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jin, Bowen A1 - Hejazi, Seyedsina A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Oehring, Michael A1 - Mohajernia, Shiva A1 - Kment, Stepan A1 - Tomanec, Ondrej A1 - Zboril, Radek A1 - Nguyen, Nhat Truong A1 - Yang, Min A1 - Schmuki, Patrik T1 - Amorphous Mo-Ta Oxide Nanotubes for Long-Term Stable Mo Oxide-Based Supercapacitors T2 - ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces Y1 - 2019 SN - 1944-8244 SN - 1944-8252 VL - 11 IS - 49 SP - 45665 EP - 45673 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vautard, Robert A1 - Kadygrov, Nikolay A1 - Iles, Carley A1 - Keuler, Klaus T1 - Evaluation of the large EURO-CORDEX regional climate model ensemble T2 - J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. N2 - The use of regional climate model‐based projections for providing regional climate information in a research and climate service contexts is currently expanding very fast. This has been possible thanks to a considerable effort in developing comprehensive ensembles of regional climate model (RCM) projections, especially for Europe, in the EURO‐CORDEX community (Jacob et al., 2014; Jacob et al., 2020). Currently, EURO‐CORDEX has developed a set of 55 historical and scenario projections (RCP8.5) using 8 driving global climate models (GCMs) and 11 RCMs. This article presents the ensemble including its design. We target the analysis to better characterize the quality of the regional climate models by providing an evaluation of these RCM simulations over a number of classical climate variables and extreme and impact‐oriented indices for the period 1981‐2010. For the main variables, the model simulations generally agree with observations and reanalyses. However, several systematic biases are found as well, with shared responsibilities among RCMs and GCMs: simulations are overall too cold, too wet and too windy compared to available observations or reanalyses. Some simulations show strong systematic biases on temperature, others on precipitation or dynamical variables but none of the models/simulations can be defined as the best or the worst on all criteria. The article aims at supporting a proper use of these simulations within a climate services context. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JD032344 SN - 2169-8996 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hübel, Hartwig T1 - Plastic Limit Analysis Using the Simplified Theory of Plastic Zones T2 - Journal of pressure vessel technology N2 - The simplified theory of plastic zones (STPZ) was mainly developed to determine strain ranges and accumulated strains in the state of shakedown at cyclic loading between prescribed levels of loading. Kinematic hardening is an indispensable feature of the STPZ. The plastic limit load, however, is defined for monotonic loading and elastic–plastic material behavior without hardening. Simply assigning a zero value or a numerically very low value of the tangent modulus when applying the STPZ is generally not possible due to arising numerical instabilities. It is, therefore, not immediately obvious how the STPZ can be used to determine the maximum load level that can be applied to a structure without developing a kinematic mechanism. This paper describes the theory and the analysis steps required and provides some illustrative examples. Typically, between one and three linear elastic analyses and some local calculations are required to provide either the exact value or at least a reasonable estimate of a range of the plastic limit load, as well as of the associated stress and strain fields and displacements that are not provided by classical limit analysis. KW - limit load KW - simplified theory of plastic zones Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4049643 SN - 1528-8978 VL - 143 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pérez, Eduardo A1 - Maldonado, David A1 - Acal, Christian A1 - Ruiz-Castro, Juan Eloy A1 - Aguilera, Ana María A1 - Jimenez-Molinos, Francisco A1 - Roldan, Juan Bautista A1 - Wenger, Christian T1 - Advanced Temperature Dependent Statistical Analysis of Forming Voltage Distributions for Three Different HfO2-Based RRAM Technologies T2 - Solid State Electronics N2 - In this work, voltage distributions of forming operations are analyzed by using an advanced statistical approach based on phase-type distributions (PHD). The experimental data were collected from batches of 128 HfO2-based RRAM devices integrated in 4-kbit arrays. Three di erent switching oxides, namely, polycrystalline HfO2, amorphous HfO2, and Al-doped HfO2, were tested in the temperature range from -40 to 150 oC. The variability of forming voltages has been usually studied by using the Weibull distribution (WD). However, the performance of the PHD analysis demonstrated its ability to better model this crucial operation. The capacity of the PHD to reproduce the experimental data has been validated by means of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, while the WD failed in many of the cases studied. In addition, PHD allows to extract information about intermediate probabilistic states that occur in the forming process and the transition probabilities between them; in this manner, we can deepen on the conductive lament formation physics. In particular, the number of intermediate states can be related to the device variability. KW - RRAM KW - HfO2 Y1 - 2021 SN - 0038-1101 SN - 1879-2405 VL - 176 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Miani, Céline A1 - Batram-Zantvoort, Stephanie A1 - Wandschneider, Lisa A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Razum, Oliver T1 - Potential of Standard Perinatal Data for Measuring Violation of Birth Integrity T2 - Frontiers in global women's health N2 - Background: Measuring the phenomenon of violation of birth integrity (vBI) (e.g., obstetric violence) relies in part on the availability and content of maternity care providers' data. The population coverage and linkage possibilities that these data provide make for a yet untapped potential. Although vBI is a complex phenomenon best measured with dedicated instruments, we argue that maternity care providers' data could contribute to enhance our knowledge of the manifestations and frequency of vBI, and allow for analyses across different sub-groups of the population. Looking into the German standardized perinatal data, we investigate which variables are relevant to vBI-related research, and how complete their reporting is. Methods: First, we analyse state-of-the-art frameworks and recommendations, and, for each vBI-related domain, we search for and list corresponding variables in the perinatal data which could contribute to a better understanding of vBI issues. Second, we use an example and analyse the content of perinatal data obtained between 2013 and 2016 in the context of the BaBi birth cohort study set in Bielefeld, Germany. We use descriptive statistics to assess the completeness of the data. Results: The vBI-related variables can be classified in three main categories: discrimination based on specific patient socio-demographic attributes (e.g., height and weight to calculate BMI before pregnancy, foreign origin), indication for medical interventions (i.e., medicalization-related variables: indication for cesarean sections and induction), and supportive care, in particular the mobilization dimension (e.g., continuous fetal heartbeat monitoring). The data analyses included 876 births, of which 601 were vaginal birth. We found poor reporting on demographic variables in terms of completeness. Medicalization and mobilization variables are better documented, although limited in scope. Conclusions: Putting more emphasis on the completeness of standardized data could increase their potential for vBI-related research. Perinatal data alone are insufficient to assess vBI, but a broader, theory-informed discussion of indicators to be included in standardized datasets would contribute to capturing the different aspects of integrity violation in a more systematic way and expand the evidence-base on different types of vBI. KW - childbirth KW - respectful maternity care KW - mistreatment KW - perinatal data KW - Germany KW - birth integrity KW - obstetric violence Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fgwh.2020.581244 SN - 2673-5059 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Romero-Zaliz, Rocío A1 - Pérez, Eduardo A1 - Jimenez-Molinos, Francisco A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Roldan, Juan Bautista T1 - Study of Quantized Hardware Deep Neural Networks Based on Resistive Switching Devices, Conventional versus Convolutional Approaches T2 - Electronics (MDPI) N2 - A comprehensive analysis of two types of artificial neural networks (ANN) is performed to assess the influence of quantization on the synaptic weights. Conventional multilayer-perceptron (MLP) and convolutional neural networks (CNN) have been considered by changing their features in the training and inference contexts, such as number of levels in the quantization process, the number of hidden layers on the network topology, the number of neurons per hidden layer, the image databases, the number of convolutional layers, etc. A reference technology based on 1T1R structures with bipolar memristors including HfO2 dielectrics was employed, accounting for different multilevel schemes and the corresponding conductance quantization algorithms. The accuracy of the image recognition processes was studied in depth. This type of studies are essential prior to hardware implementation of neural networks. The obtained results support the use of CNNs for image domains. This is linked to the role played by convolutional layers at extracting image features and reducing the data complexity. In this case, the number of synaptic weights can be reduced in comparison to conventional MLPs. KW - RRAM KW - resistive switching KW - neural network Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10030346 SN - 2079-9292 VL - 10 IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Soltani Zarrin, Pouya A1 - Zahari, Finn A1 - Mahadevaiah, Mamathamba Kalishettyhalli A1 - Pérez, Eduardo A1 - Kohlstedt, Hermann A1 - Wenger, Christian T1 - Neuromorphic on‑chip recognition of saliva samples of COPD and healthy controls using memristive devices T2 - Scientific Reports N2 - Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a life-threatening lung disease, affecting millions of people worldwide. Implementation of Machine Learning (ML) techniques is crucial for the effective management of COPD in home-care environments. However, shortcomings of cloud-based ML tools in terms of data safety and energy efficiency limit their integration with low-power medical devices. To address this, energy efficient neuromorphic platforms can be used for the hardware-based implementation of ML methods. Therefore, a memristive neuromorphic platform is presented in this paper for the on-chip recognition of saliva samples of COPD patients and healthy controls. The results of its performance evaluations showed that the digital neuromorphic chip is capable of recognizing unseen COPD samples with accuracy and sensitivity values of 89% and 86%, respectively. Integration of this technology into personalized healthcare devices will enable the better management of chronic diseases such as COPD. KW - RRAM KW - memristive device KW - neural network Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-76823-7 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Milewski, Toni A1 - Albrecht, Eike T1 - Introduction of the EU-China relations: historical overview of strategic patnership T2 - Contemporary Macedonian Defense N2 - The history of relations between the European Union and China represents an endless source of diverse analytic approaches and possibilities of creating appropriate evaluations and projections based on historical and actual happenings that concerns both analyzed subjects. Various literature depending on the sources and affiliation of the authors points out to the different approach in the analysis of the historical retrospective of the relations between the European Union and China which covers different scientific fields from politics, geopolitics, geostrategic to possibly the most important economic premises on their continuous process of cooperation. The main thesis in the whole research efforts divided in two papers is related with the question could EU and China be strategic partners and contribute in the creation of a constructive world order? The research in this paper is done based on the overall available literature which the authors could gather. Initially, accessing to the open Internet resources and as well as the official websites of the European Union and China. Consequently, sources of official media portals and analytical centers were used in the research. The entire material is analyzed with an appropriate methodological framework whereupon the obtained results represent an original scientific effort. KW - China KW - EU KW - Relation KW - Trade Y1 - 2020 UR - http://www.mod.gov.mk/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Sovremena-Makedonska-Odbrana_br.39-en.pdf SN - 1409-8199 VL - Vol. 20 IS - 39 SP - 19 EP - 37 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Soltani Zarrin, Pouya A1 - Rockendorf, Niels A1 - Wenger, Christian T1 - In-Vitro Classification of Saliva Samples of COPD Patients and Healthy Controls Using Machine Learning Tools T2 - IEEE Access N2 - Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a life-threatening lung disease and a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although a curative therapy has yet to be found, permanent monitoring of biomarkers that reflect the disease progression plays a pivotal role for the effective management of COPD. The accurate examination of respiratory tract fluids like saliva is a promising approach for staging the disease and predicting its upcoming exacerbations in a Point-of-Care (PoC) environment. Nonetheless, this approach is only feasible by concurrent consideration of patients' demographic and medical parameters. Therefore, Machine Learning (ML) tools are necessary for the comprehensive recognition of COPD in a PoC setting. As a result, the objective of this work was to implement ML tools on the data acquired from characterizing saliva samples of COPD patients and healthy controls for classification purposes. First, a permittivity biosensor was used to characterize dielectric properties of saliva samples and, subsequently, ML tools were applied on the acquired data for classification. The XGBoost gradient boosting algorithm provided a high classification accuracy of 91.25%, making it a promising model for COPD recognition. Integration of this model on a neuromorphic chip, in the future, will enable the real-time detection of COPD in PoC, with low energy consumption and high patient privacy. KW - COPD KW - Machine learning KW - Point of care Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3023971 SN - 2169-3536 VL - Vol. 8 SP - 168053 EP - 168060 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knorr, Monika A1 - Schmidt, Peer T1 - Reactivity of ionic liquids: Reductive effect of [C4C1im]BF4 to form particles of red amorphous selenium and Bi2Se3 from oxide precursors T2 - ChemistryOpen N2 - Temperature-induced change in reactivity of the frequently used ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([C4C1im]BF4) is presented as a prerequisite for the rational screening of reaction courses in material synthesis. [C4C1im]BF4 becomes active with oxidic precursor compounds in reduction reaction at ϑ > 200°C, even without the addition of an external reducing agent. The reaction mechanism of forming red amorphous selenium from SeO2 is investigated as a model system and can be described similarly to the Riley oxidation. The reactive species but-1-ene, which is formed during the decomposition of [C4C1im]BF4, reacts with SeO2 and form but-3-en-2-one, water, and selenium. Elucidation of the mechanism was achieved by thermoanalytical investigations. The mono-tropic phase transition of selenium was analyzed by the differential scanning calorimetry. Beyond, the suitability of the single source oxide precursor Bi2Se3O9 for the synthesis of Bi2Se3 particles was confirmed. Identification, characterization of formed solids succeeded by using light microscopy, XRD, SEM, and EDX. KW - Ionic liquid KW - Thermal analysis KW - Thermal decomposition KW - Chalcogenides KW - Selenium KW - Inorganic synthesis Y1 - 2021 UR - https://chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/open.202000264 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/open.202000264 SN - 2191-1363 VL - 10 IS - 2 SP - 125 EP - 140 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rakhi, Rakhi A1 - Schmidt, Heiko T1 - One-dimensional turbulence: application to incompressible spatially developing turbulent boundary layers T2 - Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2020.108626 SN - 0142-727X IS - 85 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schilling, Laura A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Maul, Holger A1 - Schneider, Sven T1 - Study on E-Cigarettes and Pregnancy (STEP) – Results of a Mixed Methods Study on Risk Perceptionof E-Cigarette Use During Pregnancy T2 - Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde N2 - Introduction E-cigarette use during pregnancy is a risk factor for maternal and fetal health. Early studies on animals showed that in utero exposure to e-cigarettes can have negative health outcomes for the fetus. There has been only limited research into the risk perceptions of e-cigarette use during pregnancy. This study was conducted to comprehensively characterize the constructs of risk perceptions with regard to e-cigarette use during pregnancy using an Integrated Health Belief Model (IHBM). Methods Our STudy on E-cigarettes and Pregnancy (STEP)used a mixed methods approach, with the study divided intoan initial qualitative part and a quantitative part. A netno-graphic approach was used for the first part, which consistedof the analysis of 1552 posts from 25 German-language on-line discussion threads on e-cigarette use during pregnancy. Using these qualitative results, a quantitative questionnaire was developed to explore risk perception constructs about e‑cigarette use during pregnancy. This questionnaire was subsequently administered to pregnant women (n = 575) in onehospital in Hamburg, Germany. Descriptive and bivariate analysis was used to examine differences in risk perception ac-cording to participantsʼ tobacco and e-cigarette user status before and during pregnancy. While the study design, methods and sample have been extensively described in our recently published study protocol in the January 2020 issue of Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde, this paper is devoted to apresentation of the results of our mixed methods study. Results Themes related to perceived threats identified in the qualitative study part were nicotine-related health risks and po-tential health risks of additional ingredients. Perceived benefits were possibility and facilitation of smoking cessationand a pre-sumed potential to reduce harm. The subsequent quantitative part showed that nearly all participants (99.3%) perceivede‑cigarettes which contained nicotine as constituting a threat to the health of the unborn child. The most commonly perceived barrier was health-related (96.6%), while the most commonly perceived benefit was a reduction in the amount of tobacco cigarettes consumed (31.8%). We found that partic-ularly perceived benefits varied depending on the partici-pantʼs tobacco and e-cigarette user status. Conclusion When considering future prevention strategies, the potential health risks and disputed effectiveness of e-cigarettes as a tool for smoking cessation need to be taken intoaccount and critically discussed. KW - electronic cigarette KW - pregnancy KW - risk perception KW - Health Belief Model KW - online forums KW - mixed methods Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.thieme-connect.com/products/ejournals/pdf/10.1055/a-1308-2376.pdf U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1308-2376 SN - 0016‑5751 VL - 81 IS - 02 SP - 214 EP - 223 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tölle, Merja H. A1 - Breil, Marcus A1 - Radtke, Kai A1 - Panitz, Hans-Jürgen T1 - Sensitivity of European temperature to albedo parameterization in the regional climate model COSMO CLM linked to extreme land use changes T2 - Frontiers in Environmental Science KW - land cover changel KW - biophysical effect KW - albedo parameterization KW - evapotranspiration KW - regional climate model KW - climate KW - de-/afforestation KW - surface energy balance Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2018.00123 SN - 2296-665X VL - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bülow, Katharina A1 - Hübener, Heike A1 - Keuler, Klaus A1 - Menz, Christoph A1 - Pfeifer, Susanne A1 - Ramthun, Hans A1 - Spekat, Arne A1 - Steger, Christian A1 - Teichmann, Claas A1 - Warrach-Sagi, Kirsten T1 - User tailored results of a regional climate model ensemble to plan adaption to the changing climate in Germany T2 - Advances in Science and Research N2 - In the German regional climate modeling project ReKliEs-De the existing EURO-CORDEX simulations have been systematically complemented by new simulations to derive more robust ranges of possible future climate change. The focus of the project lay on user tailored results, which are required for the planning of measures to adapt to the changing climate. Changes in temperature and precipitation indices are calculated from a multi model ensemble for the end of the 21st century. The results for the mitigation scenario RCP2.6 are compared to the results of the “business as usual” scenario RCP8.5. Averaged over Germany the increase of mean annual temperature and of the number of summer days will be around 3 times higher for RCP8.5 than for RCP2.6. In summer, the increase of dry days could be twice as high in RCP8.5 compared to RCP2.6. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/asr-16-241-2019 SN - 1992-0636 SN - 1992-0628 VL - 16 SP - 241 EP - 249 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Davin, Edouard A1 - Rechid, Diana A1 - Breil, Marcus A1 - Cardoso, Rita M. A1 - Coppola, Erika A1 - Hoffmann, Peter A1 - Jach, Lisa L. A1 - Katragkou, Eleni A1 - Noblet-Ducoudré, Nathalie de A1 - Radtke, Kai A1 - Raffa, Mario A1 - Soares, Pedro A1 - Sofiadis, Giannis A1 - Strada, Susanna A1 - Strandberg, Gustav A1 - Tölle, Merja H. A1 - Warrach-Sagi, Kirsten A1 - Wulfmeyer, Volker T1 - Biogeophysical impacts of deforestation in Europe First results from the LUCAS Regional Climate Mode intercomparison T2 - Earth System Dynamics N2 - The Land Use and Climate Across Scales Flagship Pilot Study (LUCAS FPS) is a coordinated community effort to improve the integration of land use change (LUC) in regional climate models (RCMs) and to quantify the biogeophysical effects of LUC on local to regional climate in Europe. In the first phase of LUCAS, nine RCMs are used to explore the biogeophysical impacts of re-/afforestation over Europe: two idealized experiments representing respectively a non-forested and a maximally forested Europe are compared in order to quantify spatial and temporal variations in the regional climate sensitivity to forestation. We find some robust features in the simulated response to forestation. In particular, all models indicate a year-round decrease in surface albedo, which is most pronounced in winter and spring at high latitudes. This results in a winter warming effect, with values ranging from +0.2 to +1 K on average over Scandinavia depending on models. However, there are also a number of strongly diverging responses. For instance, there is no agreement on the sign of temperature changes in summer with some RCMs predicting a widespread cooling from forestation (well below −2 K in most regions), a widespread warming (around +2 K or above in most regions) or a mixed response. A large part of the inter-model spread is attributed to the representation of land processes. In particular, differences in the partitioning of sensible and latent heat are identified as a key source of uncertainty in summer. Atmospheric processes, such as changes in incoming radiation due to cloud cover feedbacks, also influence the simulated response in most seasons. In conclusion, the multi-model approach we use here has the potential to deliver more robust and reliable information to stakeholders involved in land use planning, as compared to results based on single models. However, given the contradictory responses identified, our results also show that there are still fundamental uncertainties that need to be tackled to better anticipate the possible intended or unintended consequences of LUC on regional climates. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-11-183-2020 SN - 2190-4995 VL - 11 IS - 1 SP - 183 EP - 200 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vanderkelen, Inne A1 - Zscheischler, Jakob A1 - Gudmundsson, Lukas A1 - Keuler, Klaus A1 - Rineau, Francois A1 - Neenaerts, Natalie A1 - Vangronsveld, Jaco A1 - Vicca, Sara A1 - Thiery, Wim T1 - A novel method for assessing climate change impacts in ecotron experiments T2 - International Journal of Biometeorology N2 - Ecotron facilities allow accurate control of many environmental variables coupled with extensive monitoring of ecosystem processes. They therefore require multivariate perturbation of climate variables, close to what is observed in the field and projections for the future. Here, we present a new method for creating realistic climate forcing for manipulation experiments and apply it to the UHasselt Ecotron experiment. The new methodology uses data derived from the best available regional climate model projection and consists of generating climate forcing along a gradient representative of increasingly high global mean air temperature anomalies. We first identified the best-performing regional climate model simulation for the ecotron site from the Coordinated Regional Downscaling Experiment in the European domain (EURO-CORDEX) ensemble based on two criteria: (i) highest skill compared to observations from a nearby weather station and (ii) representativeness of the multi-model mean in future projections. The time window is subsequently selected from the model projection for each ecotron unit based on the global mean air temperature of the driving global climate model. The ecotron units are forced with 3-hourly output from the projections of the 5-year period in which the global mean air temperature crosses the predefined values. With the new approach, Ecotron facilities become able to assess ecosystem responses on changing climatic conditions, while accounting for the co-variation between climatic variables and their projection in variability, well representing possible compound events. The presented methodology can also be applied to other manipulation experiments, aiming at investigating ecosystem responses to realistic future climate change. KW - Regional climate model KW - Climate forcing KW - Controlled environment experiment KW - Global warming KW - Ecosystem response Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-020-01951-8 SN - 0020-7128 SN - 1432-1254 VL - 64 IS - 10 SP - 1709 EP - 1727 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hanschke, Benjamin A1 - Kühhorn, Arnold A1 - Schrape, Sven A1 - Giersch, Thomas T1 - Consequences of Borescope Blending Repairs on Modern HPC Blisk Aeroelasticity T2 - Journal of Turbomachinery N2 - Objective of this paper is to analyze the consequences of borescope blending repairs on the aeroelastic behavior of a modern high pressure compressor (HPC) blisk. To investigate the blending consequences in terms of aerodynamic damping and forcing changes, a generic blending of a rotor blade is modeled. Steady-state flow parameters like total pressure ratio, polytropic efficiency, and the loss coefficient are compared. Furthermore, aerodynamic damping is computed utilizing the aerodynamic influence coefficient (AIC) approach for both geometries. Results are confirmed by single passage flutter (SPF) simulations for specific interblade phase angles (IBPA) of interest. Finally, a unidirectional forced response analysis for the nominal and the blended rotor is conducted to determine the aerodynamic force exciting the blade motion. The frequency content as well as the forcing amplitudes is obtained from Fourier transformation of the forcing signal. As a result of the present analysis, the change of the blade vibration amplitude is computed. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4041672 SN - 1528-8900 SN - 0889-504X VL - 141 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lenz, Wolfgang A1 - Brykarczyk, Daniel A1 - Pfeifer, Herbert A1 - Neumann, Andreas A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Theoretical limits of the increase of radiative heat transfer by increased surface areas of radiant tubes T2 - Applied Thermal Engineering Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2020.116246 SN - 1359-4311 VL - Vol. 184 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yang, Wenyu A1 - Zhang, Jin T1 - Assessing the performance of gray and green strategies for sustainable urban drainage system development: A multi-criteria decision-making analysis T2 - Journal of Cleaner Production Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126191 SN - 0959-6526 VL - Vol. 293 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zanotti, Tommaso A1 - Puglisi, Francesco Maria A1 - Milo, Valerio A1 - Pérez, Eduardo A1 - Mahadevaiah, Mamathamba Kalishettyhalli A1 - Ossorio, Óscar G. A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Pavan, Paolo A1 - Olivo, Piero A1 - Ielmini, Daniele T1 - Reliability of Logic-in-Memory Circuits in Resistive Memory Arrays T2 - IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices N2 - Logic-in-memory (LiM) circuits based on resistive random access memory (RRAM) devices and the material implication logic are promising candidates for the development of low-power computing devices that could fulfill the growing demand of distributed computing systems. However, these circuits are affected by many reliability challenges that arise from device nonidealities (e.g., variability) and the characteristics of the employed circuit architecture. Thus, an accurate investigation of the variability at the array level is needed to evaluate the reliability and performance of such circuit architectures. In this work, we explore the reliability and performance of smart IMPLY (SIMPLY) (i.e., a recently proposed LiM architecture with improved reliability and performance) on two 4-kb RRAM arrays based on different resistive switching oxides integrated in the back end of line (BEOL) of the 0.25- μm BiCMOS process. We analyze the tradeoff between reliability and energy consumption of SIMPLY architecture by exploiting the results of an extensive array-level variability characterization of the two technologies. Finally, we study the worst case performance of a full adder implemented with the SIMPLY architecture and benchmark it on the analogous CMOS implementation. KW - RRAM KW - in-memory computing KW - HfO2 Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TED.2020.3025271 SN - 0018-9383 SN - 1557-9646 VL - 67 IS - 11 SP - 4611 EP - 4615 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zahari, Finn A1 - Pérez, Eduardo A1 - Mahadevaiah, Mamathamba Kalishettyhalli A1 - Kohlstedt, Hermann A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Ziegler, Martin T1 - Analogue pattern recognition with stochastic switching binary CMOS‑integrated memristive devices T2 - Scientific Reports N2 - Biological neural networks outperform todays computer technology in terms of power consumption and computing speed when associative tasks, like pattern recognition, are to be solved. The analogue and massive parallel in-memory computing in biology differs strongly with conventional transistor electronics using the von Neumann architecture. Therefore, novel bio-inspired computing architectures are recently highly investigated in the area of neuromorphic computing. Here, memristive devices, which serve as non-volatile resistive memory, are used to emulate the plastic behaviour of biological synapses. In particular, CMOS integrated resistive random access memory (RRAM) devices are promising candidates to extend conventional CMOS technology in neuromorphic systems. However, dealing with the inherent stochasticity of the resistive switching effect can be challenging for network performance. In this work, the probabilistic switching is exploited to emulate stochastic plasticity with fully CMOS integrated binary RRAM devices. Two different RRAM technologies with different device variabilities are investigated in detail and their use in a stochastic artificial neural network (StochANN) to solve the MINST pattern recognition task is examined. A mixed-signal implementation with hardware synapses and software neurons as well as numerical simulations show the proposed concept of stochastic computing is able to handle analogue data with binary memory cells. KW - RRAM KW - memristive device KW - neural network KW - HfO2 Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-71334-x SN - 2045-2322 VL - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Petzold, Stefan A1 - Piros, Eszter A1 - Eilhardt, Robert A1 - Zintler, Alexander A1 - Vogel, Tobias A1 - Kaiser, Nico A1 - Radetinac, Aldin A1 - Komissinskiy, Philipp A1 - Jalaguier, Eric A1 - Nolot, Emmanuel A1 - Charpin-Nicolle, Christelle A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Molina-Luna, Leopoldo A1 - Miranda, Enrique A1 - Alff, Lambert T1 - Tailoring the Switching Dynamics in Yttrium Oxide-Based RRAM Devices by Oxygen Engineering: From Digital to Multi-Level Quantization toward Analog Switching T2 - Advanced Electronic Materials N2 - This work investigates the transition from digital to gradual or analog resistive switching in yttrium oxide‐based resistive random‐access memory devices. It is shown that this transition is determined by the amount of oxygen in the functional layer. A homogeneous reduction of the oxygen content not only reduces the electroforming voltage, allowing for forming‐free devices, but also decreases the voltage operation window of switching, thereby reducing intra‐device variability. The most important effect as the dielectric becomes substoichiometric by oxygen engineering is that more intermediate (quantized) conduction states are accessible. A key factor for this reproducibly controllable behavior is the reduced local heat dissipation in the filament region due to the increased thermal conductivity of the oxygen depleted layer. The improved accessibility of quantized resistance states results in a semi‐gradual switching both for the set and reset processes, as strongly desired for multi‐bit storage and for an accurate definition of the synaptic weights in neuromorphic systems. A theoretical model based on the physics of mesoscopic structures describing current transport through a nano‐constriction including asymmetric potential drops at the electrodes and non‐linear conductance quantization is provided. The results contribute to a deeper understanding on how to tailor materials properties for novel memristive functionalities. KW - RRAM KW - Multilevel switching Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.202000439 SN - 2199-160X VL - 6 IS - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pérez, Eduardo A1 - Ossorio, Óscar G. A1 - Dueñas, Salvador A1 - Castán, Helena A1 - García, Hector A1 - Wenger, Christian T1 - Programming Pulse Width Assessment for Reliable and Low-Energy Endurance Performance in Al:HfO2-Based RRAM Arrays T2 - Electronics (MDPI) N2 - A crucial step in order to achieve fast and low-energy switching operations in resistive random access memory (RRAM) memories is the reduction of the programming pulse width. In this study, the incremental step pulse with verify algorithm (ISPVA) was implemented by using different pulse widths between 10 μ s and 50 ns and assessed on Al-doped HfO 2 4 kbit RRAM memory arrays. The switching stability was assessed by means of an endurance test of 1k cycles. Both conductive levels and voltages needed for switching showed a remarkable good behavior along 1k reset/set cycles regardless the programming pulse width implemented. Nevertheless, the distributions of voltages as well as the amount of energy required to carry out the switching operations were definitely affected by the value of the pulse width. In addition, the data retention was evaluated after the endurance analysis by annealing the RRAM devices at 150 °C along 100 h. Just an almost negligible increase on the rate of degradation of about 1 μ A at the end of the 100 h of annealing was reported between those samples programmed by employing a pulse width of 10 μ s and those employing 50 ns. Finally, an endurance performance of 200k cycles without any degradation was achieved on 128 RRAM devices by using programming pulses of 100 ns width KW - RRAM KW - Reliability Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics9050864 SN - 2079-9292 VL - 9 IS - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ghosh, Sujoy Kumar A1 - Sinha, Tridib Kumar A1 - Xie, Mengying A1 - Bowen, Christopher Rhys A1 - Garain, Samiran A1 - Mahanty, Biswajit A1 - Roy, Krittish A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Kim, Jin Kuk A1 - Mandal, Dipankar T1 - Temperature–Pressure Hybrid Sensing All-Organic Stretchable Energy Harvester T2 - ACS Applied Electronic Materials N2 - The design and development of intrinsically stretchable all-organic self-powered sensors concurrently perceiving temperature and pressure remain a challenge but deliver an exciting platform to realize environmentally friendly wearable electronics. In this approach, a biomimetic all-organic stretchable energy harvester is designed by a xylitol-added poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS/Xyl) film as a compatible overlay electrode with polyaniline-reinforced one-dimensional aligned poly(vinylidene fluoride) hybrid electroactive soft nanowires. The gradient of elastic modulus between the electrode and the active nanowire component enables the all-organic device to manifest excellent power-generating performance under external temperature fluctuation (∼3 μW/m2 under ΔT ∼ 92 K) and mechanical force (∼31 μW/cm2 at 30 N). Importantly, the device renders simultaneous energy scavenging of temperature and pressure changes under pressing and stretching conditions (∼20%). The excellent mechanosensitivity (∼100 mV/N), fast response time (∼1 ms), outstanding mechanical and thermal stability, and good temperature resolution <10 K enable the harvester to act as an epidermal sensor, which simultaneously detects and discriminates both subtle pressure and thermal deviations exposed to an epidermis surface. The real-time recording and wireless transferring of physiological signals to a smartphone indicate an effective way to realize remote healthcare monitoring for early intervention. KW - all-organic KW - piezoelectric KW - pyroelectric KW - energy harvester KW - sensor KW - healthcare monitoring Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaelm.0c00816 SN - 2637-6113 VL - 3 IS - 1 SP - 248 EP - 259 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Msinjili, Nsesheye S. A1 - Vogler, Nico A1 - Sturm, Patrick A1 - Neubert, Markus A1 - Schröder, Hans-Jürgen A1 - Kühne, Hans-Carsten A1 - Hünger, Klaus-Jürgen A1 - Gluth, Gregor J. G. T1 - Calcined brick clays and mixed clays as supplementary cementitious materials: Effects on the performance of blended cement mortars T2 - Construction and Building Materials N2 - While calcined clays in general have been credited with a great potential to mitigate CO2 emissions related to cement production and consumption, calcined brick clays are currently understudied in this regard. In the present work, two brick clays, a low-grade kaolinitic clay, and a mixed clay composed of 50% brick clay and 50% low-grade kaolinitic clay were studied regarding transformations on calcination, and strength and durability performance as well as pore structure of mortars made with the blended cements. All calcined clays exhibited pozzolanic reactivity, with the performance of the brick clays inferior to the low-grade kaolinitic clay. However, the mixed clay performed very similar to the low-grade kaolinitic clay, which points to a viable option for optimal use of brick clays in cementitious systems. The carbonation resistance of the blended cement mortars was generally worse than that of the plain Portland cement mortar, as expected, but the former exhibited a significantly improved chloride penetration resistance. The latter improvement was due to pore structure refinement in the blended cement mortars, compared to the Portland cement mortar. KW - Brick clay KW - Illite KW - Calcined clay KW - Blended cement KW - Carbonation KW - Chloride penetration Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120990 SN - 0950-0618 VL - 266 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hünger, Klaus-Jürgen A1 - Kositz, Mario A1 - Danneberg, Matti A1 - Radnik, Jörg T1 - Enrichment of aluminium in the near-surface region of natural quarzite rock after aluminium exposure T2 - Surface and Interface Analysis N2 - Alkali–silica reaction (ASR) is an ongoing problem that causes damage to concrete constructions and reduces their durability. Therefore, minimizing this undesired reaction is of great interest for both safety and economic reasons. Additives containing high aluminium content are very effective in reducing the release of silica and enhancing the durability of concrete; however, the mechanism for this effect is still under discussion. In this study, an enrichment of aluminium in the near-surface region was observed for natural quartzite rock after storage in Al (OH)3 and metakaolin as aluminium sources, from which we conclude that the formation of aluminosilicate sheets of a few nanometres inhibits the silica release; this hypothesis is supported by high-resolution spectra of Al 2p, Si 2p and O 1s. KW - alkali–silica reaction KW - quartzite rock KW - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/sia.6918 SN - 1096-9918 VL - 53 IS - 3 SP - 385 EP - 391 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sharma, Sparsh A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Giesler, Jens T1 - Effect of geometric parameters on the noise generated by rod-airfoil configuration T2 - Applied Acoustics Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2021.107908 SN - 0003-682X VL - 177 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Matemilola, Saheed A1 - Adedeji, Oludare H. A1 - Elegbede, Isa Olalekan A1 - Kies, Fatima T1 - Mainstreaming Climate Change into the EIA Process in Nigeria: Perspectives from Projects in the Niger Delta Region T2 - Climate N2 - Climate change incorporation in environmental assessment is a growing research area, particularly following the Paris agreement. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is considered in many quarters to be an important tool in factoring climate-related components in the planning and design of a project. However, many recent researches have shown that EIA has, so far, struggled in the attempt to incorporate climate change into its procedures. This study is an attempt to evaluate the level of consideration of climate change in the EIA process in Nigeria, with particular focus on the Niger Delta region. The result of this quantitative research shows that there is a poor political will to address climate change, as reflected in the absence of climate change requirements in the EIA guidelines of Nigeria. Although, there is a growing trend in the pattern of consideration of climate change in the EIA procedures, the overall level of consideration is still a far cry from the requirements if EIA is to be considered to be an important tool in addressing challenges of climate change in Nigeria. Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2225-1154/7/2/29 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/cli7020029 VL - 7 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Matemilola, Saheed A1 - Elegbede, Isa Olalekan A1 - Kies, Fatima A1 - Yusuf, Gbolahan Afeez A1 - Yangni, Ganbobga Njimontam A1 - Garba, Ibrahim T1 - An Analysis of the Impacts of Bioenergy Development on Food Security in Nigeria: Challenges and Prospects T2 - Environmental and Climate Technologies N2 - Fossil fuel such as coal, natural gas, oil and recently shale gas are perhaps the most economically viable means for energy generation but are laden with inexhaustible environmental consequences. Thus, biofuel development has received tremendous support from all quarters in response to quest for energy security and clean energy. However, the rapid rate of development of bioenergy has also raised concern chiefly for its nexus with food security with some scholar considering it a disaster especially for countries in the global south. Due to her prime location along the equator, and the generally favourable climatic conditions all through the year, Nigeria is considered to have enormous potential for bioenergy development. Unfortunately, Nigeria is also highly ranked in the 2018 Global Hunger Index (GHI) of International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). Rested mainly on exploratory approach, this study analyses the bioenergy potential of Nigeria and the implications of the fast-rising market on food security in the Nigerian context. Critical investigation on the food crop-bioenergy trade-offs was conducted while bioenergy development implications were analysed in the context of the four dimensions of food security. Lastly, mitigative measures to bioenergy development impacts were discussed and one key proposition is need to strengthen the second and third generation technology for biofuel production in Nigeria. Y1 - 2019 UR - https://content.sciendo.com/view/journals/rtuect/23/1/article-p64.xml?product=sciendo U6 - https://doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2019-0005 SN - 2255-8837 VL - 23 IS - 1 SP - 64 EP - 83 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sekhouna, D. A1 - Kies, Fatima A1 - Elegbede, Isa Olalekan A1 - Matemilola, Saheed A1 - Zorriehzahra, Jalil A1 - Hussein, Emad Kamil T1 - Potential assay of two green algae Ulva lactuca and Ulva intestinalis as biofertilizers. Ensayo potencial de dos algas verdes Ulva lactuca y Ulva intestinalis como biofertilizantes T2 - Sustainability, Agri, Food and Environmental Research N2 - In recent years, development has been witnessed in the market expansion of agricultural inputs and products including substances and materials that improve the functioning of the soil, plants, and the interactions between soil and plant. This is a very broad category of products and substances that often bring innovative solutions in the field of fertilization and crop protection. The objective of this study is to improve the production of the market garden where tomato plants in nurseries from powders of two green algae Ulva lactuca and Ulva intestinalis, harvested as biofertilizers in the west coast of Mostaganem province at North-Western Algeria. They have minimal effects on the environment, including soil, subterranean water, river, and estuary ecosystems such as the Cheliff river, biodiversity, and global warming. The experimental part was carried out following the method of extraction of algae and used as a biofertilizer on the tomato to its simplicity and accuracy, which is the subject of the study of the germination, growth, and the development of young plants. The results show that the powders obtained from the Ulva lactuca algae and used as biofertilizers are the most suitable to increase the growth of plants in the case of tomato in our study, which means a remarkable increase in stem length by compared to the other treatments with averages of 17.75 cm, 16 cm length of stem/plant, while the other treatments (Enteromorpha intestinalis, mixture, and reference) gave 14.75; 13.87; 13.65 cm length of stem/plant. Y1 - 2020 UR - http://actasteologicas.cl/index.php/safer/article/view/2259 U6 - https://doi.org/10.7770/safer-V0N0-art2259 SN - 0719-3726 SP - 205 EP - 218 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kies, Fatima A1 - Ahmed, Kerfouf A1 - Elegbede, Isa Olalekan A1 - Matemilola, Saheed A1 - Ríos-Escalante, Patricio de los A1 - Khorchani, Abdelghaffar A1 - Savari, Sharareh T1 - Assessment of the coastal and estuarine environment quality of western Algeria using the bioindicator Polychaeta; the genus Nereis T2 - Journal of Materials and Environmental Science N2 - This study was carried out in the Cheliff estuary and adjacent coastal areas to determine in particular the impact of environmental stress on the biodiversity of the Western-Algerian littoral Polychaeta, with the motive to analyze the health status of the marine ecosystem as bio-indicator species of pollution. Monitoring took place in five stations (Sokhra, Hadjaj, Salamandre, and Sonactere) during the wet and dry seasons in 2014 respectively, including Cheliff estuary as a reference site and the other four coastal sites. We detected in total, four taxa comprising 392 individuals. The taxa having the highest frequency rate were Nereis virens (62%), Nereis diversicolor (58%), Nereis falsa (43%), and Nereis pelagica (51%). We noted low Polychaeta abundances in Sokhra and Hadjaj stations, in the Eastern area of Cheliff Estuary with a high pH, OS, DO, and Chlorophyll “a”. Cheliff Estuary has high nutrients, N. diversicolor, and N. virens values. The sites Salamandre and Sonactere in the Western part of the Cheliff Estuary have high BOD, COD, PO4, suspended solids, turbidity, N. pelagica, and N. falsa. The data monitoring and analysis of the stations based on similarities of Annelida communities show the link between the components of the environment and the biodiversity abundance. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.jmaterenvironsci.com/Document/vol11/vol11_N9/JMES-2020-11127-Kies.pdf SN - 2028-2508 VL - 11 IS - 9 SP - 1472 EP - 1481 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jacob, Daniela A1 - Teichmann, Claas A1 - Keuler, Klaus T1 - Regional climate downscaling over Europe: perspectives from the EURO-CORDEX community T2 - Regional Environmental Change N2 - The European CORDEX (EURO-CORDEX) initiative is a large voluntary effort that seeks to advance regional climate and Earth system science in Europe. As part of the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) - Coordinated Regional Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX), it shares the broader goals of providing a model evaluation and climate projection framework and improving communication with both the General Circulation Model (GCM) and climate data user communities. EURO-CORDEX oversees the design and coordination of ongoing ensembles of regional climate projections of unprecedented size and resolution (0.11° EUR-11 and 0.44° EUR-44 domains). Additionally, the inclusion of empirical-statistical downscaling allows investigation of much larger multi-model ensembles. These complementary approaches provide a foundation for scientific studies within the climate research community and others. The value of the EURO-CORDEX ensemble is shown via numerous peer-reviewed studies and its use in the development of climate services. Evaluations of the EUR-44 and EUR-11 ensembles also show the benefits of higher resolution. However, significant challenges remain. To further advance scientific understanding, two flagship pilot studies (FPS) were initiated. The first investigates local-regional phenomena at convection-permitting scales over central Europe and the Mediterranean in collaboration with the Med-CORDEX community. The second investigates the impacts of land cover changes on European climate across spatial and temporal scales. Over the coming years, the EURO-CORDEX community looks forward to closer collaboration with other communities, new advances, supporting international initiatives such as the IPCC reports, and continuing to provide the basis for research on regional climate impacts and adaptation in Europe. KW - EURO-CORDEX KW - CORDEX KW - Climate change KW - Regional climate models KW - Regional climate modelling Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-020-01606-9 SN - 1436-378X N1 - 36 weitere Autorinnen und Autoren VL - 20 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Talboys, Edward A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Prüfer, Florian A1 - Brücker, Christoph T1 - A parametric study of the effect of self-oscillating trailing-edge flaplets on aerofoil self-noise T2 - Applied Acoustics Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2020.107907 SN - 0003-682X VL - 177 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nthambi, Mary A1 - Markova-Nenova, Nonka A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - Quantifying Loss of Benefits from Poor Governance of Climate Change Adaptatioon Projects: A Discrete Choice Experiment with Farmers in Kenya T2 - Ecological Economics Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2020.106831 SN - 0921-8009 VL - 179 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hallol, Zeinab A1 - Merbold, Sebastian A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Contribution of Large and Very Large Scale Motions to the Turbulent Kinetic energy in Turbulent Pipe Flow T2 - Proceedings in applied mathematics and mechanics : PAMM Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.202000229 SN - 1617-7061 VL - 20 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Richter, Stefan A1 - Zanoun, El-Sayed A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Investigation of Large Scale Motion Interaction with the Near‐Wall Turbulence T2 - Proceedings in applied mathematics and mechanics : PAMM Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.202000331 SN - 1617-7061 VL - 20 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dempe, Stephan A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick T1 - Lipschitz continuity of the optimal value function in parametric optimization T2 - Journal of Global Optimization N2 - We study generalized parametric optimization problems in Banach spaces, given by continuously Fréchet differentiable mappings and some abstract constraints, in terms of local Lipschitz continuity of the optimal value function. Therefore, we make use of the well-known regularity condition by Kurcyusz, Robinson and Zowe, an inner semicontinuity property of the solution set mapping and some earlier results by Mordukhovich, Nam and Yen. The main theorem presents a handy formula which can be used in order to approximate the Clarke subdifferential of the optimal value function, provided that the conditions mentioned above are satisfied and hence the optimal value function is locally Lipschitz continuous. Throughout the paper we avoid any compactness assumptions. KW - Parametric optimization KW - Variational analysis KW - Banach space KW - Optimal value function KW - Lipschitz continuity KW - Inner semicontinuity KW - Clarke subdifferential Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10898-014-0169-z SN - 1573-2916 SN - 0925-5001 VL - 61 IS - 2 SP - 363 EP - 377 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lippert, Ingmar T1 - Umwelt – “Version 2b”: Das Programmieren ökologischer Fehlentscheidungen und Grundlagen für eine neue Umweltpolitik T2 - Leviathan N2 - Herrschende Umweltpolitik will evidenzbasiert sein, will Umweltfakten nutzen. Auf Grundlage einer Ethnografie der Produktion betrieblicher CO2-Fußabdrücke werden Umweltfakten als Effekt von Arbeit und Datenverarbeitung analysiert. Arbeitspraktisch existiert Umwelt in einem hybriden und taktischen Datenraum. Daraus ergeben sich umweltpolitische Implikationen, die sowohl die Prämissen ökologischer Modernisierung wie auch staatlicher Umweltkontrolle infrage stellen. N2 - Dominant environmental policy wants to be evidence-based, wants to use environmental facts. Grounded in an ethnography of the production of corporate CO2 footprints, environmental facts are analysed as the effect of work and data processing. In the practical reality of work, environment exists in a hybrid and tactical data space. The environmental political implications make the premises of both ecological modernisation and state control of the environment questionable. KW - Umweltpolitik KW - Umweltsoziologie KW - CO2 Emissionen KW - Betriebliches Umweltmanagement KW - Environmental sociology KW - Environmental politics KW - Environmental management KW - Carbon emissions KW - Dieselgate Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5771/0340-0425-2016-3-399 SN - 0340-0425 SN - 1861-8588 VL - 44 IS - 3 SP - 399 EP - 427 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Simons, Arno A1 - Lis, Aleksandra A1 - Lippert, Ingmar T1 - The political duality of scale-making in environmental markets T2 - Environmental Politics N2 - New markets are key in debates concerning environmental regimes. Critics and proponents share a discourse that characterises environmental markets in terms of scale; many discuss how to scale environmental markets ‘the right way’. Building on previous work in human geography, actor–network theory, and governmentality studies, we unpack the dual but always interwoven politics of scale-making in doing environmental policies, which consists of material-semiotic practices of producing and using scales as ontologically real ordering devices. Drawing from the results of three studies conducted independently by the authors, we analyse material-semiotic scale-making practices in different ways of enacting environmental markets. By revealing the dual politics of scale production and use in environmental markets, our analysis contributes to the study of developing and implementing environmental governance. KW - Scale KW - Environmental markets KW - Carbon markets KW - Practice KW - Material semiotics KW - Governmentality Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/09644016.2014.893120 SN - 1743-8934 SN - 0964-4016 VL - 23 IS - 4 SP - 632 EP - 649 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bonhage, Alexander A1 - Eltaher, Mahmoud A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Breuß, Michael A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Schneider, Anna T1 - A modified Mask region‐based convolutional neural network approach for the automated detection of archaeological sites on high‐resolution light detection and ranging‐derived digital elevation models in the North German Lowland T2 - Archaeological Prospection Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/arp.1806 SN - 1099-0763 VL - 28 IS - 2 SP - 177 EP - 186 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Novelli, Anna A1 - Schüttig, Wiebke A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Wachtler, Benjamin A1 - Diehl, Katharina A1 - Moor, Irene A1 - Richter, Matthias A1 - Dragano, Nico A1 - Sundmacher, Leonie T1 - Correlation of mesolevel characteristics of the healthcare system and socioeconomic inequality in healthcare use: a scoping review protocol T2 - BMJ Open N2 - Introduction Although the impact of macrolevel characteristics of health systems on socioeconomic inequity in health has been studied extensively, the impact of access characteristics on a smaller scale of health systems has received less attention. These mesolevel characteristics can influence access to healthcare and might have the potential to moderate or aggravate socioeconomic inequity in healthcare use. This scoping review aims to map the existing evidence of the association of socioeconomic inequity in healthcare use and mesolevel access characteristics of the health system. Methods and analysis In conducting the scoping review, we follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols Extension for Scoping Reviews. The search will be carried out in four scientific databases: MEDLINE (via PubMed), Web of Science, Scopus and PsycINFO. Main eligibility criteria are inclusion in the analysis of a measure of socioeconomic position, a measure of individual healthcare use and a mesolevel determinant of access to healthcare services. The selection process consists of two consecutive screening stages (first: title/abstract; second: full text). At both stages, two reviewers independently assess the eligibility of studies. In case of disagreement, a third reviewer will be involved. Cohen’s kappa will be calculated to report inter-rater agreement between reviewers. Results are synthesised narratively, as a high heterogeneity of studies is expected. Ethics and dissemination No primary data are collected for the presented scoping review. Therefore, ethical approval is not necessary. The scoping review will be published in an international peer-reviewed journal, and findings will be presented on national and international conferences. KW - mesolevel characteristics KW - healthcare KW - inequality KW - scoping review Y1 - 2021 UR - https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/11/2/e044301.info U6 - https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044301 SN - 2044-6055 VL - 11 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Richts, Björn A1 - Lentes, Sabine A1 - Poehlein, Anja A1 - Daniel, Rolf A1 - Commichau, Fabian M. T1 - A Bacillus subtilis ΔpdxT mutant suppresses vitamin B6 limitation by acquiring mutations enhancing pdxS gene dosage and ammonium assimilation T2 - Environmental Microbiology Reports N2 - Pyridoxal‐5’‐phosphate (PLP), the biologically active form of vitamin B6, serves as a cofactor for many enzymes. The Gram‐positive model bacterium Bacillus subtilis synthesizes PLP via the PdxST enzyme complex, consisting of the PdxT glutaminase and the PdxS PLP synthase subunits, respectively. PdxT converts glutamine to glutamate and ammonia of which the latter is channelled to PdxS. At high extracellular ammonium concentrations, the PdxS PLP synthase subunit does not depend on PdxT. Here, we assessed the potential of a B. subtilis ΔpdxT mutant to adapt to PLP limitation at the genome level. The majority of ΔpdxT suppressors had amplified a genomic region containing the pdxS gene. We also identified mutants having acquired as yet undescribed mutations in ammonium assimilation genes, indicating that the overproduction of PdxS and the NrgA ammonium transporter partially relieve vitamin B6 limitation in a ΔpdxT mutant when extracellular ammonium is scarce. Furthermore, we found that PdxS positively affects complex colony formation in B. subtilis. The catalytic mechanism of the PdxS PLP synthase subunit could be the reason for the limited evolution of the enzyme and why we could not identify a PdxS variant producing PLP independently of PdxT at low ammonium concentrations. Y1 - 2021 UR - https://sfamjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1758-2229.12936 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-2229.12936 SN - 1758-2229 VL - 13 IS - 2 SP - 218 EP - 233 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Makhmadshoev, Dilshod A1 - Laaser, Knut T1 - Breaking away or holding on to the past? Exploring HRM systems of export-oriented SMEs in a highly uncertain context: insights from a transition economy in the periphery T2 - International Journal of Human Resource Management N2 - This article advances understanding of the interplay between high levels of environmental uncertainty and HRM challenges and practices of exporting SMEs in the garment industry of Kyrgyzstan. Uncertainty in this post-Socialist country emanates from the complex, conflict-ridden and ongoing process of transition from planned to market-based economy, resulting in a volatile institutional environment with under-developed formal institutions at its core. Drawing on qualitative data and framed by a novel theoretical framework consisting of HRM systems theory, North’s institutional approach and the concept of path-dependency, the article advances knowledge of the distinctive set of HRM challenges faced by SMEs and the contrasting HRM systems adopted by them. The article draws particular attention to how the embeddedness of socialist-era norms and the diffusion of new market-oriented institutional features influence the utilisation of HRM systems in SMEs, whilst also revealing their evolutionary nature in a transition economy context. The article contributes by extending the scope of HRM research to the little-explored transitional periphery of Central Asia and adds to the nascent body of knowledge on HRM in SMEs by offering a more nuanced understanding of HRM systems in exporting SMEs in a highly uncertain context. KW - HRM KW - SME KW - KMU KW - Central Asia Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2020.1841816 SN - 1466-4399 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stendal, Johan Andreas A1 - Eisentraut, Mark A1 - Sizova, Irina A1 - Bolz, Sebastian A1 - Weiß, Sabine A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Accelerated hot deformation and heat treatment of the TiAl alloy TNM-B1 for enhanced hot workability and controlled damage T2 - Journal of Materials Processing Technology Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2020.116999 SN - 0924-0136 VL - Vol. 291 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fernandes dos Santos, Fernando A1 - Brandalero, Marcelo A1 - Rech Junior, Rubens Luiz A1 - Hübner, Michael A1 - Rech, Paolo A1 - Sullivan, Michael A1 - Martins Basso, Pedro A1 - Carro, Luigi T1 - Reduced Precision DWC: an Efficient Hardening Strategy for Mixed-Precision Architectures T2 - IEEE Transactions on Computers N2 - Duplication with Comparison (DWC) is an effective software-level solution to improve the reliability of computing devices. However, it introduces significant performance and energy consumption overheads that could render the protected application unsuitable for high-performance computing or real-time safety-critical applications. Modern computing architectures offer the possibility to execute operations in various precisions, and recent NVIDIA GPUs even feature dedicated functional units for computing with programmable accuracy. In this work, we propose Reduced-Precision Duplication with Comparison (RP-DWC) as a means to leverage the available mixed-precision hardware resources to implement software-level fault detection with reduced overheads. We discuss the benefits and challenges associated with RP-DWC and show that the intrinsic difference between the mixed-precision copies allows for the detection of most, but not all, errors. However, as the undetected faults are the ones that fall into the difference between precisions, they are the ones that produce a much smaller impact in the application output. We investigate, through fault injection and beam experiment campaigns, using three microbenchmarks and two real applications on Volta GPUs, RP-DWC impact into fault detection, performance, and energy consumption. We show that RP-DWC achieves an excellent coverage (up to 86%) with minimal overheads (0.1% time and 24% energy consumption overhead). Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TC.2021.3058872 SN - 0018-9340 VL - 71(2022) IS - 3 SP - 573 EP - 586 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pretschner, Anna A1 - Pabel, Sophie A1 - Haas, Markus A1 - Heiner, Monika A1 - Marwan, Wolfgang T1 - Regulatory dynamics of cell differentiation revealed by true time series from multinucleate single cells T2 - Frontiers in Genetics N2 - Dynamics of cell fate decisions are commonly investigated by inferring temporal sequences of gene expression states by assembling snapshots of individual cells where each cell is measured once. Ordering cells according to minimal differences in expression patterns and assuming that differentiation occurs by a sequence of irreversible steps, yields unidirectional, eventually branching Markov chains with a single source node. In an alternative approach, we used multi-nucleate cells to follow gene expression taking true time series. Assembling state machines, each made from single-cell trajectories, gives a network of highly structured Markov chains of states with different source and sink nodes including cycles, revealing essential information on the dynamics of regulatory events. We argue that the obtained networks depict aspects of the Waddington landscape of cell differentiation and characterize them as reachability graphs that provide the basis for the reconstruction of the underlying gene regulatory network. KW - single cell time series KW - gene regulatory network KW - Petri net KW - Markov chain KW - systems biology KW - Waddington landscape Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2020.612256 SN - 1664-8021 N1 - This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). IS - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gribat, Nina A1 - Pizzo, Barbara T1 - The Politics of Land: Dominant Regimes and Situated Practices T2 - International Planning Studies N2 - This special issue examines the politics of land focusing on the intersections of dominant land and property regimes and situated land practices that are not characterized by open conflict, but rather mundane everyday negotiations. The selected papers show that the interrelations between landed practices and regimes of land are extremely variegated and complex, shaped by socio-economic factors as well as by their own peculiar geographies and temporalities. Thus, they can be examined most adequately in the specific geographic, socio-economic and historical context in which they materialize. Structural factors matter, but they are (continuously) challenged by the agency and everyday practices of many different actors, pursuing different and mutable objectives and following varying trajectories, often far away from the established rules. Viewed like this, dominant regimes of land appear to be less overarching and monolithic than commonly understood. KW - Urban land KW - conflict KW - politics KW - planning Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13563475.2020.1770057 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/13563475.2020.1770057 SN - 1356-3475 VL - 25 IS - 3 SP - 237 EP - 246 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gribat, Nina T1 - Grabenkämpfe um die Kritik am funktionellen Städtebau um 1968: Sozialpsychologische Reformist_innen und marxistische Revoluzzer_innen T2 - sub\urban. Zeitschrift für Kritische Stadtforschung N2 - Ende der 1960er Jahre war die Kahlschlagsanierung in Berlin-Kreuzberg in einer Hochphase, während das Märkische Viertel in peripherer Stadtlage gebaut wurde. Aus der Architekturfakultät der TU Berlin gründeten Studierende Basisgruppen, die sowohl in Kreuzberg als auch im Märkischen Viertel mit den Bewohner_innen gegen diese auf Abriss, Vertreibung und Mietpreissteigerungen basierende Berliner Baupolitik protestieren wollten (siehe dazu auch Debattenbeitrag Vollmer). […] Die Protestierenden waren gespalten in jene, die Bewohner_innen und Studierende agitieren wollten für den Kampf gegen die allgemeine Unterdrückung, und andere, die eine konkrete Verbesserung der Lebensverhältnisse der Bewohner_innen und Studienverhältnisse der Studierenden anstrebten (Gribat/Misselwitz/Görlich 2017). Im Grunde war diese Spaltung von der Frage getragen, ob konkrete Verbesserungen und Reformen im Städtischen oder im Universitären immer automatisch zum Systemerhalt beitragen, oder ob es solche kleinteiligen Experimente und Veränderungen braucht, um letztlich auch das System zu verändern. In diesem Debattenbeitrag sollen diese Spaltung des kritischen Lagers und die damit verbundenen Fragen hinsichtlich Systemerhalt oder Umsturz anhand von zwei damals relativ bekannten Publikationen analysiert werden: Architektur als Ideologie (Berndt/Lorenzer/Horn 1968) und Kapitalistischer Städtebau (Helms/Janssen 1971). Auf der Basis eines weitgehend geteilten Ausgangspunkts, der Kritik am funktionellen Städtebau, zeigen sich stark divergierende Problemdiagnosen und Lösungsansätze. KW - 1968 KW - Funktionalismus KW - Städtebau KW - Kritik 1968 KW - Urban Planning KW - Architectural Theory KW - History of Planning KW - History of architecture KW - History and Theory of Modern Architecture KW - 1968 in Europe Y1 - 2018 UR - https://zeitschrift-suburban.de/sys/index.php/suburban/article/view/440 U6 - https://doi.org/10.36900/suburban.v6i2/3.440 SN - 2197-2567 VL - 6 IS - 2/3 SP - 181 EP - 188 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gribat, Nina A1 - Meireis, Sandra T1 - A critique of the new ‘social architecture’ debate. Moving beyond localism, developmentalism and aesthetics T2 - City: analysis of urban trends, culture, theory, policy, action N2 - In recent years, a new ‘social architecture’ debate has emerged within the discipline of architecture. This debate is based on proclamations of a crisis of architecture and design. It calls on architects to adopt a more ‘people-centred’ approach and give up their reliance on an ever more exclusive market. The debate is founded on a range of selected architectural projects, which are thought to epitomise this new social architecture: improving the living conditions of marginalised parts of the population all around the world. In this paper, we critique some of the claims of the social architecture debate by bringing them into dialogue with different fields of literature from urban and planning studies and also from within architecture. Firstly, we examine the founding idea of the debate that small interventions can have wider social effects; secondly, we analyse how the debate establishes its claims to a global scope; thirdly, we explore the central role aesthetics plays in the debate. Our aim is to not only reveal some of the shortcomings of the social architecture debate, but to indicate directions of how it could be developed further in a more reflective manner, for instance, in giving up the fixations on projects and on the power of architects to change the world. KW - Architecture KW - Urban Planning KW - Architectural Theory KW - Urban Design (Urban Studies) KW - Social Design KW - Social Architecture KW - Architecture and Urban Planning Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/13604813.2017.1412199 SN - 1360-4813 SN - 1470-3629 VL - 21 IS - 6 SP - 779 EP - 788 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gribat, Nina A1 - Kadi, Justin A1 - Lange, Jan A1 - Meubrink, Yuca A1 - Müller, Jonas T1 - Planung als politische Praxis. Zur Einleitung in den Themenschwerpunkt T2 - sub\urban. Zeitschrift für Kritische Stadtforschung N2 - In den letzten Jahren ist im deutschsprachigen Raum ein verstärktes gesellschaftliches Interesse an räumlicher Planung und deren Mitgestaltung wahrnehmbar. Insbesondere die Diskussionen über konkrete Großprojekte, wie etwa den Berliner Flughafen oder Stuttgart 21, aber auch die Formierung neuer sozialer Bewegungen, wie etwa Recht‑auf‑Stadt‑Netzwerke in verschiedenen Städten, verdeutlichen dies. Parallel dazu wird in der deutschsprachigen und anglo‑amerikanischen Planungstheorie die Konflikthaftigkeit von Planungsprozessen wieder zunehmend in den Fokus genommen. Dieses erneute Interesse am Konflikt hebt sich ab von Debatten, die über viele Jahre zu konsensualen Ansätzen der Zusammenarbeit der Politik mit anderen Akteursgruppen geführt wurden, beispielsweise im Kontext der Governance‑Forschung. Mit der kommunikativen Planungstheorie hat sich seit den späten 1980er Jahren passend dazu das Ideal einer weitgehend auf Vermittlung abzielenden Planungspraxis verfestigt. Demgegenüber mehren sich nun jedoch zunehmend Denkansätze wie das neue Theorieangebot des Agonismus (vgl. u. a. Roskamm 2015 a, b), der Planung (wieder) als einen politischen Aushandlungsprozess zu fassen versucht, in dem Konflikte nicht konsensual lösbar sind. Der vorliegende Themenschwerpunkt greift solche Überlegungen auf und möchte verschiedene Perspektiven auf Planung als politische (Alltags‑)Praxis diskutieren. KW - Anthropology KW - Urban Planning KW - Planning Theory KW - Critical Urban Studies KW - Critical Urban Planning Theory Y1 - 2017 UR - https://zeitschrift-suburban.de/sys/index.php/suburban/article/view/268/492 U6 - https://doi.org/10.36900/suburban.v5i1/2.268 SN - 2197-2567 VL - 5 IS - 1-2 SP - 7 EP - 20 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gribat, Nina T1 - Overcoming decline through graffiti? The case of the Open-Space-Gallery in Halle/Saale T2 - Metropolitics N2 - Open Space Gallery (OSG; Freiraumgalerie in German) is a group of young people who have organized façade-painting events in Freiimfelde, an area with lots of vacant housing in Halle (Saale), in Germany. Since turning Freiimfelde into an open-air graffiti gallery, OSG has become involved in other processes and projects to regenerate this marginalized area. In this article, I examine OSG’s work in relation to the sometimes ambivalent assessment of creative grassroots urban development in a context of urban decline. My discussion shows how OSG in Halle has negotiated the tensions between alternative development and co‑optation into mainstream creative-city discourses and policies. KW - Urban Studies KW - Graffiti KW - Grassroots KW - Temporary Uses Y1 - 2017 UR - https://metropolitiques.eu/Overcoming-Decline-Through.html IS - April ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gribat, Nina A1 - Hoehne, Stefan A1 - Michel, Boris A1 - Schuster, Nina T1 - Kritische Stadtforschung. Ein Gespräch über Geschichte und Produktionsbedingungen in Geographie, Soziologie, Kulturgeschichte und Architektur/Städtebau T2 - sub\urban. Zeitschrift für Kritische Stadtforschung N2 - Als Redaktion von s u b \ u r b a n begreifen wir uns als interdisziplinäre Redaktion, die eine interdisziplinäre Zeitschrift für kritische Stadtforschung macht. Zu unseren Gründungszeiten haben wir viel über den Begriff der Interdisziplinarität diskutiert und uns gefragt, ob wir nicht eher trans-oder postdisziplinär sind bzw. sein wollen. In unserer Redaktionsarbeit sind uns Fragen von Disziplinen dann überraschend oft begegnet und das war nicht immer einfach, zum Beispiel im Begutachtungsverfahren. Ein Zitat von Lefebvre (welcher Disziplin er auch immer angehörte) fasst dieses Spannungsfeld zusammen. In Die Revolution der Städte schreibt er 1970, dass die Komplexität des Urbanen bzw. des Städtischen „die Zusammenarbeit der einzelnen Disziplinen unerläßlich [macht]. Das Phänomen Verstädterung kann in seinem gesamten Umfang nicht von einer Spezialwissenschaft bewältigt werden. […] Wenn man das zugibt bzw. postuliert, setzen die Schwierigkeiten erst ein. Wer kennt nicht die Enttäuschungen und Rückschläge, die man bei den sogenannten ‚interdisziplinären‘ oder ‚pluridisziplinären‘ Konferenzen erlebt. […] Bald ein Dialog von Tauben, bald eine Pseudo-Begegnung ohne gemeinsame Standpunkte.“ Aufgrund dieser Überlegungen zur konstitutionellen Interdisziplinarität der Stadtforschung und gleichzeitig zu den Schwierigkeiten ihrer Umsetzung haben wir die Ressourcen unserer interdisziplinären Redaktion mobilisiert, um eine Debatte über kritische Stadtforschung und Interdisziplinarität zu starten, die wir auch in Zukunft gerne fortsetzen möchten. Erster Schritt dieser Diskussion war die Rekonstruktion einer Geschichte der Stadtforschung im deutschsprachigen Raum. Durch die Perspektive unterschiedlicher Disziplinen haben wir versucht, die Entwicklung der Stadtforschung nachzuvollziehen und dabei die Entstehung einer explizit ‚kritischen‘ Besinnung und deren Veränderung in einen breiteren historischen Kontext einzubetten. Anhand dieser ersten Ergebnisse über die Geschichte der Stadtforschung skizzieren wir Züge einer Diagnose der heutigen Produktionsbedingungen kritischer Stadtforschung im deutschsprachigen Raum und formulieren Wünsche für ihre weitere Entwicklung. Am Gespräch beteiligt haben sich Vertreter_innen aus Geographie (Boris Michel), Architektur/Städtebau (Nina Gribat), Kulturgeschichte (Stefan Höhne) und Soziologie (Nina Schuster). KW - Urban Studies KW - Critical Urban Studies KW - Stadtforschung Y1 - 2016 UR - https://zeitschrift-suburban.de/sys/index.php/suburban/article/view/234/400 U6 - https://doi.org/10.36900/suburban.v4i2/3.234 SN - 2197-2567 VL - 4 IS - 2-3 SP - 11 EP - 36 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gribat, Nina A1 - Langguth, Hannes A1 - Schulze, Mario T1 - ‚Make-Shift-Urbanismus‘ in den Zeiten einer ‚Absoluten Gegenwart‘? Auf den Spuren städtischer Praktiken um das Ostkreuz in Berlin T2 - sub\urban. Zeitschrift für Kritische Stadtforschung N2 - Als Beitrag zu einer Veranstaltungsreihe zum zeitdiagnostischen Begriff der „Absoluten Gegenwart“ im Berliner Technoclub ://about blank und dem Leipziger Institut für Zukunft haben wir einen explorativen Stadtspaziergang um das Ostkreuz entwickelt und durchgeführt. Auf unserer Tour wollten wir zum einen den Thesen der ‚Absoluten Gegenwart‘ anhand gegenwärtiger Stadtentwicklungspraktiken an einem konkreten Ort nachgehen. Zum anderen wollten wir diese Gelegenheit nutzen, um über die in den letzten Jahren aufgekommene These, in Berlin vollzöge sich gegenwärtig ein Paradigmenwechsel hin zu einer ‚selbstgemachten‘ Stadtentwicklung ‚von unten‘ nachzudenken KW - Berlin KW - Stadtplanung KW - Make-Shift-Urbanismus KW - Absolute Gegenwart KW - Stadtentwicklungspraktiken Y1 - 2015 UR - https://zeitschrift-suburban.de/sys/index.php/suburban/article/view/202/336 U6 - https://doi.org/10.36900/suburban.v3i3.202 SN - 2197-2567 VL - 3 IS - 3 SP - 111 EP - 124 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gribat, Nina A1 - Adanalı, Yaşar Adnan T1 - Das Unsichtbare sichtbar machen: Die Networks of Dispossession kartieren türkische Stadtentwicklungsprozesse. Ein Interview mit Yaşar Adnan Adanalı T2 - sub\urban. Zeitschrift für Kritische Stadtforschung N2 - Dieses Interview mit Yaşar Adnan Adanalı stellt das kollektive Datensammel- und Kartierungsprojekt The Networks of Dispossession (Netzwerke der Enteignung) vor, das die Zusammenhänge zwischen Stadtentwicklungsprojekten und der Konzentration von Kapital und Macht in der Türkei untersucht. Wie im Verlauf des Interviews deutlich wird, ist das dem Kartierungsprojekt zugrundeliegende Verständnis von Enteignung sehr breit angelegt. Es bezieht sich auf den Verlust von natürlichen Ressourcen, Stadträumen, Nachbarschaften, Wohnungen und Leben als Folge von Stadtentwicklungsprozessen. KW - Kartierung KW - Netzwerke KW - Enteignung KW - Türkei KW - Istanbul KW - Neoliberalisierung KW - Stadtentwicklung Y1 - 2015 UR - https://zeitschrift-suburban.de/sys/index.php/suburban/article/view/169/263 U6 - https://doi.org/10.36900/suburban.v3i1.169 SN - 2197-2567 VL - 3 IS - 1 SP - 153 EP - 164 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Williams, David W. A1 - Wood, Matthew S. A1 - Mitchell, J. Robert A1 - Urbig, Diemo T1 - Applying experimental methods to advance entrepreneurship research: On the need for and publication of experiments T2 - Journal of Business Venturing N2 - Applying experimental methods to advance entrepreneurship research: On the need for and publication of experiments KW - Entrepreneurship KW - Experiments KW - Validity KW - Relevance KW - Research methods Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0883902618308887 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2018.12.003 SN - 0883-9026 VL - 34 IS - 2 SP - 215 EP - 223 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Richts, Björn A1 - Commichau, Fabian M. T1 - Underground metabolism facilitates the evolution of novel pathways for vitamin B6 biosynthesis T2 - Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology N2 - The term vitamin B6 is a designation for the vitamers pyridoxal, pyridoxamine, pyridoxine and the respective phosphate esters pyridoxal-5′-phosphate (PLP), pyridoxamine-5′-phosphate and pyridoxine-5′-phosphate. Animals and humans are unable to synthesise vitamin B6. These organisms have to take up vitamin B6 with their diet. Therefore, vitamin B6 is of commercial interest as a food additive and for applications in the pharmaceutical industry. As yet, two naturally occurring routes for de novo synthesis of PLP are known. Both routes have been genetically engineered to obtain bacteria overproducing vitamin B6. Still, major genetic engineering efforts using the existing pathways are required for developing fermentation processes that could outcompete the chemical synthesis of vitamin B6. Recent suppressor screens using mutants of the Gram-negative and Gram-positive model bacteria Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, respectively, carrying mutations in the native pathways or heterologous genes uncovered novel routes for PLP biosynthesis. These pathways consist of promiscuous enzymes and enzymes that are already involved in vitamin B6 biosynthesis. Thus, E. coli and B. subtilis contain multiple promiscuous enzymes causing a so-called underground metabolism allowing the bacteria to bypass disrupted vitamin B6 biosynthetic pathways. The suppressor screens also show the genomic plasticity of the bacteria to suppress a genetic lesion. We discuss the potential of the serendipitous pathways to serve as a starting point for the development of bacteria overproducing vitamin B6. Y1 - 2021 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00253-021-11199-w U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-021-11199-w SN - 1432-0614 SN - 0175-7598 VL - 105 IS - 6 SP - 2297 EP - 2305 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lilge, Lars A1 - Hertel, Robert A1 - Morabbi Heravi, Kambiz A1 - Henkel, Marius A1 - Commichau, Fabian M. A1 - Hausmann, Rudolf T1 - Draft Genome Sequence of the Type Strain Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis DSM10 T2 - Microbiology Resource Announcements N2 - The Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis type strain DSM10 has been used as a reference in various studies. However, detailed information about the genome has not been available. Therefore, whole-genome sequencing was performed, and the sequence was compared with that of the related B. subtilis strain NCIB3610. Y1 - 2021 UR - https://mra.asm.org/content/10/10/e00158-21 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1128/MRA.00158-21 SN - 2576-098X VL - 10 IS - 10 SP - 1 EP - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hollensteiner, Jacqueline A1 - Friedrich, Ines A1 - Hollstein, Lucas A1 - Lamping, Jan-Philipp A1 - Wolf, Kalina A1 - Liesegang, Heiko A1 - Poehlein, Anja A1 - Hertel, Robert A1 - Daniel, Rolf T1 - Complete Genome Sequence of Kinneretia sp. Strain DAIF2, Isolated from a Freshwater Pond T2 - Microbiology Resource Announcements N2 - Kinneretia sp. strain DAIF2 was isolated from a eutrophic freshwater pond. The genome consists of a single chromosome (6,010,585 bp) with a GC content of 69.3%. The whole-genome-based phylogeny of DAIF2 revealed a closest relation to the genus Kinneretia. Y1 - 2021 UR - https://mra.asm.org/content/10/8/e00003-21 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1128/MRA.00003-21 SN - 2576-098X VL - 10 IS - 8 SP - 1 EP - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Friedrich, Ines A1 - Hollensteiner, Jacqueline A1 - Scherf, Janna A1 - Weyergraf, Judith A1 - Klassen, Anna A1 - Poehlein, Anja A1 - Hertel, Robert A1 - Daniel, Rolf T1 - Complete Genome Sequence of Stenotrophomonas indicatrix DAIF1 T2 - Microbiology Resource Announcements N2 - We present the complete genome of Stenotrophomonas indicatrix DAIF1, which was isolated from an oligotrophic pond in a water protection area. Whole-genome alignments indicated that strain DAIF1 belongs to the species Stenotrophomonas indicatrix. The whole genome (4,639,375 bp) harbors 4,108 protein-encoding genes, including 3,029 genes with assigned functions. Y1 - 2021 UR - https://mra.asm.org/content/10/6/e01484-20 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1128/MRA.01484-20 SN - 2576-098X VL - 10 IS - 6 SP - 1 EP - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lutfi, Helana A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Spittler, Thomas T1 - The healthcare benefits and impact of artificial intelligence applications on behaviour of healthcare users: a structured review of primary literature T2 - Journal of the International Society for Telemedicine and EHealth N2 - Introduction: Artificial intelligence (AI) is one of the most considered topics of the current time. AI has the power to bring revolutionary improvements to the world of technology not only in the field of computer science but also in other fields like medical sciences. Objectives: This paper assumes the adoption of appropriate AI engineering principals in previous studies, and focusses on providing a structured review of the impact of AI on human society and the individual human being as a technology user. Additionally, it opens a window on how the future will look like in terms of AI and personalised medicine. Methods: The paper employed a qualitative research approach and data were collected through a structured literature review. Twenty-three peer reviewed papers were identified and analysed in relation to their relevance to the study. Results: Previous studies show a positive impact on users' behaviour is expected in supporting their healthcare needs especially in decision-making, personalised treatment and future diseases prediction, and that integrating users in studying AI impact is essential to test possible implications of the technology. Conclusion: Results indicate that without a clear understanding of why patients need AI, or how AI can support individuals with their healthcare needs, it is difficult to visualise the kinds of AI applications that have a meaningful and sustainable impact the daily lives of individuals. Therefore, there is an emerging need to understand the impact of AI technology on users' behaviour to maximise the potential benefits of AI technology. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://journals.ukzn.ac.za/index.php/JISfTeH/article/view/1876 U6 - https://doi.org/10.29086/JISfTeH.8.e10 SN - 2308-0310 VL - 8 SP - 1 EP - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pérez-Bosch Quesada, Emilio A1 - Romero-Zaliz, Rocío A1 - Pérez, Eduardo A1 - Mahadevaiah, Mamathamba Kalishettyhalli A1 - Reuben, John A1 - Schubert, Markus Andreas A1 - Jiménez-Molinos, Francisco A1 - Roldán, Juan Bautista A1 - Wenger, Christian T1 - Toward Reliable Compact Modeling of Multilevel 1T-1R RRAM Devices for Neuromorphic Systems T2 - Electronics (MDPI) N2 - In this work, three different RRAM compact models implemented in Verilog-A are analyzed and evaluated in order to reproduce the multilevel approach based on the switching capability of experimental devices. These models are integrated in 1T-1R cells to control their analog behavior by means of the compliance current imposed by the NMOS select transistor. Four different resistance levels are simulated and assessed with experimental verification to account for their multilevel capability. Further, an Artificial Neural Network study is carried out to evaluate in a real scenario the viability of the multilevel approach under study. KW - RRAM KW - multilevel switching KW - compact modeling KW - Verilog-A Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10060645 SN - 2079-9292 VL - 10 IS - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Trzeciak, Miriam Friz T1 - Multidirektionale Formen des Erinnerns und Vergessens. Das Beispiel einer postkolonialen und postsozialistischen Stadtführung T2 - Zeitschrift für Sozialisationsforschung KW - DDR, postkoloniale Perspektiven, Postsozialismus, multi-sited ethnography, dekoloniale Stadtführung, dialogische Forschung, multidirectional memory Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.26043/GISo.2020.2.4 VL - 1 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Urbig, Diemo A1 - Bönte, Werner A1 - Schmutzler, Jana A1 - Zambrano-Curcio, Andrés Felipe A1 - Andonova, Veneta T1 - Diverging associations of dimensions of competitiveness with gender and personality T2 - Personality and Individual Differences N2 - More attention must be paid to the multidimensional nature of competitiveness to better understand how competitiveness relates to personality and gender. We focus on three dimensions: Desire to Win (DW), Personal Development competitiveness (PD), and Enjoyment of Competition (EC). Our empirical exploratory analysis is based on a large sample of 1520 individuals. We control for interdimensional correlations, correct for multiple testing, and use conservative thresholds to provide robust evidence on dimension-specific associations of competitiveness with personality, operationalized via the HEXACO framework, and gender. Independent of the respectively other competitiveness dimensions, DW relates to less honesty-humility and less agreeableness, PD to more emotionality, and EC to more extraversion and less emotionality. EC is the sole source of gender differences among the correlated competitiveness dimensions. KW - Competitiveness KW - Personality KW - Gender KW - Survey KW - Enjoyment of competition KW - Desire to win KW - Personal development competitiveness Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0191886921001501 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2021.110775 SN - 0191-8869 VL - 176 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Urbig, Diemo A1 - Bönte, Werner A1 - Procher, Vivien D. A1 - Lombardo, Sandro T1 - Entrepreneurs embrace competition: evidence from a lab-in-the-field study T2 - Small Business Economics N2 - Referring to Isreal M. Kirzner (1973) and Schumpeter (1934), who emphasized the competitive nature of entrepreneurship, this study investigates whether potential and revealed entrepreneurs are more likely to seek competition than non-entrepreneurs. We provide a conceptual framework that links entrepreneurship to three facets of individual competitiveness drawn from economic, entrepreneurship, and psychological research: a desire to win, striving for personal development, and an enjoyment of competition. Following economic research linking competitive behavior in experiments to career choices, we conduct a lab-in-the-field study and demonstrate that entrepreneurs are more likely to enter competitions than non-entrepreneurs. Accounting for individual desires to win and mastery-related achievement motivations, our results indicate that entrepreneurs tend to enter competition for the sake of competition itself rather than for the prospect of winning it or personal development. Our results suggest that enjoyment of competition might be an additional factor driving entrepreneurs’ market entry decisions beyond well-known factors like overconfidence and risk-taking. KW - Enjoyment of competition KW - Individual competitiveness KW - Entrepreneurship KW - Behavioral economics KW - Lab-in-the-field experiment Y1 - 2020 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11187-019-00141-0 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-019-00141-0 SN - 0921-898X VL - 55 SP - 193 EP - 214 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Urbig, Diemo A1 - Mühlfeld, Katrin A1 - Procher, Vivien D. A1 - Witteloostuijn, Arjen van T1 - Strategic decision-making in a global context: The comprehension effect of foreign language use on cooperation T2 - Management International Review N2 - With increasing globalization comes an increasing number of people communicating in foreign languages when making strategic decisions. We develop a theoretical model in which comprehension constitutes an essential mediator for the effects of using a foreign language on cooperation in global business contexts. To resolve conceptual ambiguities, we separate information processing leading to comprehension from decision-making employing the previously comprehended information. For the first step, we demonstrate how using a foreign language can, depending on individuals’ foreign language proficiencies, trigger both lower and higher comprehension. Variation in comprehension is, as a second step and independent of its cause, negatively associated with individuals’ tendencies to cooperate. Our experimental results support our theorizing. This study provides new micro-foundations for strategic decision-making and discusses unreliable cooperation as a potentially destructive managerial group dynamic within foreign language contexts. KW - Foreign language use KW - Information comprehension KW - Judgment and decision-making KW - Strategic decision-making KW - International management Y1 - 2020 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11575-020-00412-z U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11575-020-00412-z SN - 0938-8249 VL - 60 SP - 351 EP - 385 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lueckmann, Sara Lena A1 - Hoebel, Jens A1 - Roick, Julia A1 - Markert, Jenny A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Knesebeck, Olaf von dem A1 - Richter, Matthias T1 - Socioeconomic inequalities in primary-care and specialist physician visits: a systematic review T2 - International journal for equity in health N2 - Background Utilization of primary-care and specialist physicians seems to be associated differently with socioeconomic status (SES). This review aims to summarize and compare the evidence on socioeconomic inequalities in consulting primary-care or specialist physicians in the general adult population in high-income countries. Methods We carried out a systematic search across the most relevant databases (Web of Science, Medline) and included all studies, published since 2004, reporting associations between SES and utilization of primary-care and/or specialist physicians. In total, 57 studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria. Results Many studies found socioeconomic inequalities in physician utilization, but inequalities were more pronounced in visiting specialists than primary-care physicians. The results of the studies varied strongly according to the operationalization of utilization, namely whether a physician was visited (probability) or how often a physician was visited (frequency). For probabilities of visiting primary-care physicians predominantly no association with SES was found, but frequencies of visits were higher in the most disadvantaged. The most disadvantaged often had lower probabilities of visiting specialists, but in many studies no link was found between the number of visits and SES. Conclusion This systematic review emphasizes that inequalities to the detriment of the most deprived is primarily a problem in the probability of visiting specialist physicians. Healthcare policy should focus first off on effective access to specialist physicians in order to tackle inequalities in healthcare. KW - Socioeconomic inequalities KW - primary-care KW - specialist physician KW - systematic review Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-020-01375-1 SN - 1475-9276 VL - 20 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Juliana J. A1 - Schmidt, Guilherme J. A1 - Tolentino, Julio C. A1 - Simoes, Eunice N. A1 - Obongo, Angela A1 - Tolentino, Yolanda A1 - Coelho, Francisco A. A1 - Landesmann, Maria C. P. P. A1 - Fonseca, Lea M. B. A1 - Lacerda, Glenda C. B. A1 - Schmidt, Sergio L. T1 - A serial SPECT-CT study in a celiac disease patient with cerebellar ataxia and psychiatric symptoms T2 - Neurological sciences N2 - Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated systemic disorder triggered by gluten and related prolamins in genetically predisposed individuals. Here, we described a case of a 31-year-old Caucasian woman who exhibited cerebellar and psychiatric dysfunctions. The patient underwent single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT-CT) before and after a gluten-free diet (GFD). There was an improvement in cerebellar perfusion accompanied by a remission of cerebellar manifestations. The maintenance of the psychiatric manifestations was related to the persistence of the hypoperfusion in the frontal lobes. The patient's psychiatric symptoms did not change after 4 months under a GFD in the hospital. To our knowledge, this is the first case that shows the relationship between improvement in cerebellar perfusion and remission of cerebellar clinical manifestations in a CD patient under a GFD. KW - Celiac disease KW - Cerebellar perfusion KW - Cerebellum KW - SPECT-CT Y1 - 2021 UR - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33230758/ U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-020-04908-2 SN - 1590-3478 VL - 42 SP - 1545 EP - 1548 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kasper, Yann A1 - Albiez, Matthias A1 - Ummenhofer, Thomas A1 - Mayer, Christoph A1 - Meier, Tobias A1 - Choffat, Fabien A1 - Ciupack, Yvonne A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut T1 - Application of toughened epoxy-adhesives for strengthening of fatigue-damaged steel structures T2 - Construction and Building Materials Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.121579 SN - 0950-0618 VL - 275 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ojo, Sola A1 - Mensah, Henry A1 - Albrecht, Eike A1 - Ibrahim, Bachar T1 - Adaptation to Climate Change Effects on Water Resources: Understanding Institutional Barriers in Nigeria T2 - Climate Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/cli8110134 SN - 2225-1154 VL - 8 IS - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pechmann, Stefan A1 - Mai, Timo A1 - Völkel, Matthias A1 - Mahadevaiah, Mamathamba Kalishettyhalli A1 - Pérez, Eduardo A1 - Perez-Bosch Quesada, Emilio A1 - Reichenbach, Marc A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Hagelauer, Amelie T1 - A Versatile, Voltage-Pulse Based Read and Programming Circuit for Multi-Level RRAM Cells T2 - Electronics N2 - In this work, we present an integrated read and programming circuit for Resistive Random Access Memory (RRAM) cells. Since there are a lot of different RRAM technologies in research and the process variations of this new memory technology often spread over a wide range of electrical properties, the proposed circuit focuses on versatility in order to be adaptable to different cell properties. The circuit is suitable for both read and programming operations based on voltage pulses of flexible length and height. The implemented read method is based on evaluating the voltage drop over a measurement resistor and can distinguish up to eight different states, which are coded in binary, thereby realizing a digitization of the analog memory value. The circuit was fabricated in the 130 nm CMOS process line of IHP. The simulations were done using a physics-based, multi-level RRAM model. The measurement results prove the functionality of the read circuit and the programming system and demonstrate that the read system can distinguish up to eight different states with an overall resistance ratio of 7.9. KW - RRAM KW - Multilevel switching KW - Programming circuit Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10050530 SN - 2079-9292 VL - 10 IS - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gribat, Nina T1 - Translating productively: texts, contexts and concepts T2 - People, Place and Policy N2 - This paper examines the role of language and translation in social science research with a focus on methodological issues. So far, these have received relatively little attention in publications on social science methodologies as well as in lively language-related debates in human geography journals of recent years. The lack of methodological concern is surprising, as there seems to be an increasing interest in international and comparative research and practice. However, the literature suggests that in order to draw out the political implications of translation, which are otherwise glossed over, it needs to go beyond transferring text from source language to target language as a seamless reproduction of the original. Like this, it becomes an issue of methodological concern. I therefore suggest approaching translation as a productive open-ended process that pays close attention to specificities of contexts and concepts and makes cultural difference visible throughout the research process. This approach aims at decentring taken-for-granted assumptions about the clarity of meaning in the source as well as in the target language. In reviewing the existing literature on issues of language, power and translation this paper builds on my experiences of doing a PhD as a foreign student in England. KW - Comparative Research KW - Cultural difference KW - Social Science KW - Target Language KW - Source Language Y1 - 2009 UR - https://extra.shu.ac.uk/ppp-online/translating-productively-texts-contexts-and-concepts/ U6 - https://doi.org/10.3351/ppp.0003.0002.0005 SN - 1753-8041 VL - 3 IS - 2 SP - 122 EP - 131 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Matbaechi Ettehad, Honeyeh A1 - Wenger, Christian T1 - Characterization and Separation of Live and Dead Yeast Cells Using CMOS-Based DEP Microfluidics T2 - Micromachines N2 - This study aims at developing a miniaturized CMOS integrated silicon-based microfluidic system, compatible with a standard CMOS process, to enable the characterization, and separation of live and dead yeast cells (as model bio-particle organisms) in a cell mixture using the DEP technique. DEP offers excellent benefits in terms of cost, operational power, and especially easy electrode integration with the CMOS architecture, and requiring label-free sample preparation. This can increase the likeliness of using DEP in practical settings. In this work the DEP force was generated using an interdigitated electrode arrays (IDEs) placed on the bottom of a CMOS-based silicon microfluidic channel. This system was primarily used for the immobilization of yeast cells using DEP. This study validated the system for cell separation applications based on the distinct responses of live and dead cells and their surrounding media. The findings confirmed the device’s capability for efficient, rapid and selective cell separation. The viability of this CMOS embedded microfluidic for dielectrophoretic cell manipulation applications and compatibility of the dielectrophoretic structure with CMOS production line and electronics, enabling its future commercially mass production. KW - dielectrophoresis KW - microfluidics KW - cell characterization KW - CMOS Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/mi12030270 SN - 2072-666X VL - 12 IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bönte, Werner A1 - Procher, Vivien D. A1 - Urbig, Diemo T1 - Gender differences in selection into self-competition T2 - Applied Economics Letters N2 - While previous studies demonstrated that, in many settings, women tend to be less willing than men to engage in interpersonal competition, this study focuses on selection into self-competition. Competing against own past performances can be an integral part of life, including job and sports. Using data obtained from a lab-in-the-field experiment, we find empirical evidence that women are, on average, more reluctant than men to compete against their own past performance. Our results suggest that this difference can be mainly explained by gender differences in risk preferences. KW - Competitiveness KW - Experiment KW - Gender Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/13504851.2017.1343441 SN - 1466-4291 VL - 25 IS - 8 SP - 539 EP - 543 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schoss, Stephanie A1 - Urbig, Diemo A1 - Brettel, Malte A1 - Mauer, René T1 - Deep-level diversity in entrepreneurial teams and the mediating role of conflicts on teamefficacy and satisfaction T2 - International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal N2 - Team start-ups have substantial advantages over solo start-ups, but teams often do not live up to their potential due to conflicts creating unfavorable team dynamics. Based on an experiment with 665 individuals in 133 randomly composed teams participating in a new-venture simulation, we found team members’ deep-level characteristics that trigger motivations to act, i.e., achievement motivation and leadership orientations, to be particularly important sources of task conflicts. We found that diversity in leadership orientation reduces conflicts because not all team members can lead at the same time. Unlike hypothesized, we found that diversity in achievement motivation also reduces conflicts, for which, ex-post, we explore potential reasons. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the mediating task and relationship conflicts differently affect team outcomes due to their different nature of task-relatedness: while task conflicts affect task-related team efficacy and may escalate into relationship conflicts, relationship conflicts directly affect team satisfaction, but not team efficacy. Further emphasizing the importance of a motivational basis of conflicts, we found that individuals’ general self-efficacy, a more belief-related construct, affects team outcomes only through team efficacy, but not via conflicts. KW - Entrepreneurship KW - Teams KW - Experiment KW - Personality KW - interpersonal conflict KW - Task conflicts KW - Relationship conflicts KW - Team efficacy KW - Team satisfaction Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11365-020-00654-1 SN - 1555-1938 VL - 18 IS - 3 SP - 1173 EP - 1203 ER - TY - GEN A1 - He, Qianwen A1 - Molkenthin, Frank T1 - Improving the integrated hydrological simulation on a data-scarce catchment with multi-objective calibration T2 - Journal of Hydroinformatics N2 - The process-based hydrological model Soil and Water Assessment Tool ensures the simulation's reliability by calibration. Compared to the commonly applied single-objective calibration, multi-objective calibration benefits the spatial parameterization and the simulation of specific processes. However, the requirements of additional observations and the practical procedure are among the reasons to prevent the wider application of the multi-objective calibration. This study proposes to consider three groups of objectives for the calibration: multisite, multi-objective function, and multi-metric. For the study catchment with limited observations like the Yuan River Catchment (YRC) in China, the three groups corresponded to discharge from three hydrometric stations, both Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) and inversed NSE for discharge evaluation, and MODIS global terrestrial evapotranspiration product and baseflow filtered from discharge as metrics, respectively. The applicability of two multi-objective calibration approaches, the Euclidean distance and nondominated sorting genetic algorithm II, was analyzed to calibrate the above-mentioned objectives for the YRC. Results show that multi-objective calibration has simultaneously ensured the model's better performance in terms of the spatial parameterization, the magnitude of the output time series, and the water balance components, and it also reduces the parameter and prediction uncertainty. The study thus leads to a generalized, recommended procedure for catchments with data scarcity to perform the multi-objective calibration. KW - multi-objective calibration KW - NSGA-II KW - parameter uncertainty KW - SWAT Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2021.132 SN - 1464-7141 VL - 23 IS - 2 SP - 267 EP - 283 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tallarek, Marie A1 - Spallek, Jacob T1 - Inclusionary und diversitätssensibles Public Health in der Pandemie T2 - Public Health Forum N2 - Othering beschreibt die Markierung von Menschen als „anders“ oder „nicht zugehörig“. Ausgehend von den Konzepten des exclusionary und inclusionary Othering diskutiert dieser Beitrag drei Ansätze zu i) exclusionary Public Health, ii) inclusionary Public Health und iii) diversitätssensiblem Public Health. Die Implikationen der Ansätze werden am Beispiel des Umgangs mit der COVID-19 Pandemie bei schutzsuchenden Menschen in Aufnahmeeinrichtungen und Sammelunterkünften in Deutschland aufgezeigt. KW - Othering KW - exclusionary public health KW - inclusionary public health KW - diversitätssensibles Public Health KW - Pandemie KW - Covid-19 Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/pubhef-2020-0112/html U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/pubhef-2020-0112 SN - 1876-4851 SN - 0944-5587 VL - 29 IS - 1 SP - 22 EP - 26 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knopp, Lothar T1 - Osteuropäische Pflegehilfen - Der von der Gesundheitspolitik ignorierte Markt T2 - Die Schwester, der Pfleger Y1 - 2019 SN - 0340-5303 IS - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ibrahim, Bachar A1 - Yakoub, Abdallah T1 - Using CROPWAT model in scheduling irrigation and determining water use of cotton in two areas in Syria T2 - Arab Gulf Journal of Scientific Research Y1 - 2009 SN - 1015-4442 VL - 27 IS - 1/2 SP - 70 EP - 77 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ibrahim, Bachar A1 - Yakoub, Abdallah A1 - Abu Watfah, Sade A1 - Haddad, M. T1 - Effect of 15 Year Application of Municipal Solid Waste Composts on The Heavy Metals Accumulation in Soil T2 - The Arab Journal for Arid Environments Y1 - 2017 SN - 2305-5243 VL - 10 IS - 1-2 SP - 37 EP - 44 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Baena-Moreno, Francisco Manuel A1 - González-Castaño, Miriam A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey A1 - Ramirez Reina, Tomas T1 - Exploring profitability of bioeconomy paths: Dimethyl ether from biogas as case study T2 - Energy N2 - Herein a novel path is analysed for its economic viability to synergize the production of biomethane and dimethyl ether from biogas. We conduct a profitability analysis based on the discounted cash flow method. The results revealed an unprofitable process with high cost/revenues ratios. Profitable scenarios would be reached by setting prohibitive DME prices (1983–5566 €/t) or very high feed-in tariffs subsidies (95.22 €/MWh in the best case scenario). From the cost reduction side, the analysis revealed the need of reducing investment costs. For this purpose, we propose a percentage of investment as incentive scheme. Although the size increase benefits cost/revenues ratio, only the 1000 m3/h biogas plant size will reach profitability if 90% of the investment is subsidized. A sensitivity analysis to check the influence of some important economical parameters is also included. Overall this study evidences the big challenge that our society faces in the way towards a circular economy. KW - Biomethane production KW - Biogas upgrading KW - CO2 utilization KW - Green energy production KW - Waste valorization KW - Dimethyl ether Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2021.120230 SN - 0360-5442 VL - 225 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Burkhardt, Birgit A1 - Hoppe-Herfurth, Anne-Cathrin A1 - John, Nancy A1 - Bilz, Ludwig T1 - Gesundheitsförderung für Lehrkräfte – Inanspruchnahme von gesundheitsförderlichen Maßnahmen im Setting Schule T2 - Das Gesundheitswesen N2 - Ziel der Studie. Die Studie untersucht die Inanspruchnahme von gesundheitsförderlichen Maßnahmen durch Lehrkräfte und die empfundene Passung zwischen Angebot und subjektivem Bedarf. Methodik. Im Schuljahr 2017/18 wurden mittels Fragebogen Daten von 830 Lehrkräfte an allen allgemeinbildenden Schulformen des Landes Brandenburg zu ihrer Inanspruchnahme, dem Angebot und dem Bedarf erhoben. Ergebnisse. 81,3 % der Lehrkräfte haben in den letzten 24 Monaten eine oder mehrere gesundheitsförderliche Maßnahme(n) in Anspruch genommen. Es fanden sich keine signifikanten Unterschiede bezüglich des Alters, des Geschlechts, der Schulform und der Trägerschaft. Für die meisten Bereiche der Gesundheitsförderung gaben die Lehrkräfte einen deutlich höheren subjektiven Bedarf im Vergleich zum wahrgenommenen Angebot an, wobei ein besonders hoher Bedarf für Maßnahmen der individuellen Verhaltensprävention und der Schulraumgestaltung besteht. Schlussfolgerungen. Bei der Implementierung von Präventionsmaßnahmen sollte die Passung zwischen Angebot und subjektivem Bedarf aus Sicht der Lehrkräfte stärker als bisher berücksichtigt werden. KW - Gesundheitsförderung KW - Lehrergesundheit KW - Inanspruchnahme von Gesundheitsleistungen KW - Prävention KW - Gesundheitsverhalten Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1386-4252 SN - 0941-3790 VL - 83 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ulrich, Hanna-Sophie A1 - Kohler, Emma A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Richter, Matthias A1 - Clauß, Daniel A1 - Mlinarić, Martin T1 - Explaining psychosocial care among unaccompanied minor refugees: a realist review T2 - European child & adolescent psychiatry N2 - Research on the psychosocial care (PSC) of unaccompanied minor refugees (UMRs) has mainly taken a socioepidemiological approach and has focused on the perspectives of experts in the field. In contrast, the knowledge concerning the differing context factors and the underlying mechanisms of current PSC which could inform policy recommendations is scant. The study aims at unravelling the contexts, mechanisms and outcomes of PSC for UMRs. For a realist review (RR), scientific evidence and gray literature were synthesised consistent with the RAMESES publication standards for realist synthesis. Based on an iterative keyword search in electronic databases (e.g., PubMed) and screening, 34 works from 2005 to 2019 were included in a realist synthesis. Theory-informed context-mechanism-outcome configurations (CMOs) were extracted, to explain underlying processes and mechanisms. Characterised by their interrelatedness, the dominant CMOs included the UMRs' intersections of transitions (e.g., adolescence and migration), their needs for culture-, and gender-sensitive PSC, and the undersupply of PSC. These contexts and outcomes are mediated by pre-, peri- and post-migratory stressors as well as care structures and are moreover influenced by overarching discourses and concepts. They comprise adverse and beneficial mechanisms in the PSC of UMRs. The existing literature grasps the PSC of UMRs by different disciplines and approaches but does not offer a comprehensive overview on micro-macro intersections and included discourses. The inclusion of lay perspectives and an intersectional approach could inform health service research. The reflection of UMR-related categorical constructs of resilience and vulnerability, discourses of othering, as well as restrictive health policies may guide policy recommendations. KW - Migration KW - Psychosocial care KW - Realist review KW - Unaccompanied minor refugees KW - mental health Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-021-01762-1 SN - 1435-165X VL - 31(2022) IS - 12 SP - 1857 EP - 1870 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stockmann, Christian A1 - Winkler, Herwig T1 - Bedeutung der Robustheit von Produktionssystemen T2 - ZWF Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/zwf-2021-0028 SN - 0947-0085 VL - 116 IS - 3 SP - 144 EP - 148 ER - TY - GEN A1 - González-Castaño, Miriam A1 - Saché, Estelle le A1 - Berry, Cameron A1 - Pastor-Pérez, Laura A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey A1 - Wang, Qiang A1 - Ramirez Reina, Tomas T1 - Nickel Phosphide Catalysts as Efficient Systems for CO2 Upgrading via Dry Reforming of Methane T2 - Catalysts N2 - This work establishes the primordial role played by the support’s nature when aimed at the constitution of Ni2P active phases for supported catalysts. Thus, carbon dioxide reforming of methane was studied over three novel Ni2P catalysts supported on Al2O3, CeO2 and SiO2-Al2O3 oxides. The catalytic performance, shown by the catalysts’ series, decreased according to the sequence: Ni2P/Al2O3 > Ni2P/CeO2 > Ni2P/SiO2-Al2O3. The depleted CO2 conversion rates discerned for the Ni2P/SiO2-Al2O3 sample were associated to the high sintering rates, large amounts of coke deposits and lower fractions of Ni2P constituted in the catalyst surface. The strong deactivation issues found for the Ni2P/CeO2 catalyst, which also exhibited small amounts of Ni2P species, were majorly associated to Ni oxidation issues. Along with lower surface areas, oxidation reactions might also affect the catalytic behaviour exhibited by the Ni2P/CeO2 sample. With the highest conversion rate and optimal stabilities, the excellent performance depicted by the Ni2P/Al2O3 catalyst was mostly related to the noticeable larger fractions of Ni2P species established KW - Ni2P KW - supported catalysts KW - dry reforming of methane KW - Al2O3 KW - CeO2 KW - SiO2-Al2O3 Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/catal11040446 SN - 2073-4344 VL - 11 IS - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Langner, Thomas A1 - Sieber, Tim A1 - Acker, Jörg T1 - Studies on the deposition of copper in lithium-ion batteries during the deep discharge process T2 - Scientific Reports N2 - End-of-life lithium-ion batteries represent an important secondary raw material source for nickel, cobalt, manganese and lithium compounds in order to obtain starting materials for the production of new cathode material. Each process step in recycling must be performed in such a way contamination products on the cathode material are avoided or reduced. This paper is dedicated to the first step of each recycling process, the deep discharge of lithium-ion batteries, as a prerequisite for the safe opening and disassembling. If pouch cells with different states of charge are connected in series and deep-discharged together, copper deposition occurs preferably in the cell with the lower charge capacity. The current forced through the cell with a low charge capacity leads, after lithium depletion in the anode and the collapse of the solid-electrolyte-interphase (SEI) to a polarity reversal in which the copper collector of the anode is dissolved and copper is deposited on the cathode surface. Based on measurements of the temperature, voltage drop and copper concentration in the electrolyte at the cell with the originally lower charge capacity, the point of dissolution and incipient deposition of copper could be identified and a model of the processes during deep discharge could be developed. KW - lithium ion battery KW - discharge KW - continuum source AAS KW - REM-EXD KW - recycling Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-85575-x U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-85575-x SN - 2045-2322 IS - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Marchenko, Ekaterina A1 - Baigonakova, Gulsharat A1 - Dubovikov, Kirill A1 - Yasenchuk, Yuri A1 - Chekalkin, Timofey A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei T1 - Comparative study on the high-temperature oxidation resistance of porous and solid TiNi-based alloys T2 - Surface Topography: Metrology and Properties N2 - The present work aims to characterize the surface features of solid and porous (sintered and SHS) TiNi-based alloys subjected to oxidation at 1000 °C in static air in the context of their resistance to high-temperature atmospheric attack. Clear differences between the intact and oxidated surfaces indicate the complexity of a chemicothermal diffusion process evolving therein. Microscopic and XRD studies showed that the dominant superficial constituent in all oxidated samples is titanium dioxide in the rutile modification. The phase and structural properties of the surface layers suggest that porous sintered and solid alloys are most susceptible to high-temperature corrosion due to bare reactive surfaces, which negatively affects their overall biocompatibility. Surface morphology analysis revealed microporous and loose superficial layers having a thickness of 8–10 and 50–60 μm, respectively in the solid and sintered alloy. Also, these alloys showed a high content of leaching NiO and free Ni within the surface layer. Conversely, a thin (0.5–0.6 μm), dense, and multifarious layer of oxycarbonitrides Ti4Ni2(O,N,C) concealing the porous SHS-TiNi matrix inhibits the negative effect of high-temperature oxidation. KW - high-temperature oxidation KW - TiNi alloys KW - rutile KW - oxycarbonitrides KW - diffusion Y1 - 2021 UR - https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2051-672X/abf324/meta U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1088/2051-672X/abf324 SN - 2051-672X VL - 9 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Scheidweiler, David A1 - Mendoza-Lera, Clara A1 - Mutz, Michael A1 - Risse-Buhl, Ute T1 - Overlooked Implication of Sediment Transport at Low Flow: Migrating Ripples Modulate Streambed Phototrophic and Heterotrophic Microbial Activity T2 - Water Resources Research KW - microbial communities Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1029/2020WR027988 SN - 1944-7973 VL - 57 IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - González-Castaño, Miriam A1 - Navarro de Miguel, Juan Carlos A1 - Sinha, F. A1 - Ghomsi Wabo, Samuel A1 - Klepel, Olaf A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Cu supported Fe-SiO2 nanocomposites for reverse water gas shift reaction T2 - Journal of CO2 Utilization N2 - This work analyses the catalytic activity displayed by Cu/SiO2, Cu-Fe/SiO2 and Cu/FSN (Fe-SiO2 nanocomposite) catalysts for the Reverse Water Gas Shift reaction. Compared to Cu/SiO2 catalyst, the presence of Fe resulted on higher CO’s selectivity and boosted resistances against the constitution of the deactivation carbonaceous species. Regarding the catalytic performance however, the extent of improvement attained through incorporation Fe species strongly relied on the catalysts’ configuration. At 30 L/gh and H2:CO2 ratios = 3, the performance of the catalysts’ series increased according to the sequence: Cu/SiO2 < Cu-Fe/SiO2 << Cu/FSN. The remarkable catalytic enhancements provided by Fe-SiO2 nanocomposites under different RWGS reaction atmospheres were associated to enhanced catalyst surface basicity’s and stronger Cu-support interactions. The catalytic promotion achieved by Fe-SiO2 nanocomposites argue an optimistic prospective for nanocomposite catalysts within future CO2-valorising technologies. KW - Cu catalysts KW - Fe-doped silica KW - Nanocomposites KW - Reverse water gas shift reaction Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcou.2021.101493 SN - 2212-9820 VL - 46 ER - TY - GEN A1 - González-Castaño, Miriam A1 - Ivanova, Svetlana A1 - Ioanides, Theophiles A1 - Centeno, Miguel Angel A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey A1 - Odriozola, José Antonio T1 - Zr and Fe on Pt/CeO2-MOx/Al2O3 catalysts for WGS reaction T2 - International Journal of Energy Research N2 - By evaluating the functional modifications induced by Zr and Fe as dopants in Pt/CeO2‐MOx/Al2O3 catalysts (M = Fe and Zr), the key features for improving water gas shift (WGS) performance for these systems have been addressed. Pt/ceria intrinsic WGS activity is often related to improved H2 surface dynamics, H2O absorption, retentions and dissociation capacities which are influenced greatly by the support nature. Two metals, iron and zirconia, were chosen as ceria dopants in this work, either in separate manner or combined. Iron incorporation resulted in CO‐redox properties and oxygen storage capacities (OSC) improvement but the formation of Ce‐Fe solid solutions did not offer any catalytic benefit, while the Zr incorporation influenced in a great manner surface electron densities and shows higher catalytic activity. When combined both metals showed an important synergy evidenced by 30% higher CO conversions and attributed to greater surface electron densities population and therefore absorption and activity. This work demonstrates that for Pt/ceria catalysts OSC enhancement does not necessarily imply a catalytic promotion. KW - doped ceria KW - FE KW - H2-TPD KW - Pt/ceria catalysts KW - WGS reaction KW - WGS-TPSR KW - Zr Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/er.6646 SN - 1099-114X ER - TY - GEN A1 - González-Castaño, Miriam A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - The Reverse Water Gas Shift Reaction: A Process Systems Engineering Perspective T2 - Reaction Chemistry & Engineering N2 - The catalytic reduction of CO2 into value-added products has been considered a compelling solution for alleviating global warming and energy crises. The reverse water gas shift (RWGS) reaction plays a pivotal role among the various CO2 utilization approaches, due to the fact that it produces syngas, the building block of numerous conversion processes. Although a lot of work has been carried out towards the development of a RWGS process, ranging from efficient catalytic systems to reactor units, and even pilot scale processes, there is still a lack of understanding of the fundamental phenomena that take place at the various levels and scales of the process. This contribution presents the main solutions and remaining challenges for a structured, trans- and multidisciplinary framework in which catalysis engineering and process systems engineering can work together to incorporate understanding and methods from both sides, to accelerate the investigation, creation and operation of an efficient industrial CO2 conversion process based on the RWGS reaction. KW - Reverse water gas shift reaction KW - syngas production KW - catalysts KW - process engineering Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/D0RE00478B SN - 2058-9883 ER - TY - GEN A1 - González-Arias, Judith A1 - González-Castaño, Miriam A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey A1 - Lichtfouse, Eric A1 - Zhang, Zhien T1 - Unprofitability of small biogas plants without subsidies in the Brandenburg region T2 - Environmental Chemistry Letters N2 - The circular economy is calling for the rapid use of already-developed renewable energies. However, the successful implementation of those new fuels is limited by economic and political issues. For instance, in the Brandenburg region, Germany, biogas production from anaerobic digestion of biomass and wastes is a current alternative. However, the upgrading biogas to biomethane is still challenging and the economic viability is unknown. Therefore, we performed an economic analysis for biogas upgrading to biomethane in the Brandenburg region. Five biogas plant sizes were analyzed by the method of discounted cash flow. This method yields the net present value of the projects, thus revealing the profitability or non-profitability of the plants. Results indicate profitable outputs for medium and large plants, with net present values between 415 and 7009 k€. However, the smallest plants have net present values from -4250 to -3389 k€, thus needing further economic efforts or subsidies to reach profitability. Indeed, biomethane prices should range between 52.1 and 95.6 €/MWh to make these projects profitable. Combinations of 50% of investment subsidized and 11.5 €/MWh feed-in tariffs subsidies could make the projects reach profitability. These findings reveal that political actions such as green policies and subsidies are needed to implement green energy. This case study should serve as a potential tool for policy-makers toward a sustainable bioeconomy. KW - Biomethane production KW - Biogas upgrading KW - Green energy KW - Brandenburg development KW - Waste valorization KW - Energy independence Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-020-01175-7 SN - 1610-3661 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weißhaupt, David A1 - Funk, Hannes S. A1 - Kern, Michal A1 - Dettling, Marco M. A1 - Schwarz, Daniel A1 - Oehme, Michael A1 - Sürgers, Christoph A1 - Slageren, Joris van A1 - Fischer, Inga Anita A1 - Schulze, Jörg T1 - Weak localization and weak antilocalization in doped Ge1-ySny layers with up to 8% Sn T2 - Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-648X/abcb68 SN - 1361-648X VL - 33 IS - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schlipf, Jon A1 - Tetzner, Henriette A1 - Spirito, Davide A1 - Manganelli, Constanza Lucia A1 - Capellini, Giovanni A1 - Huang, Michael R. S. A1 - Koch, Christoph T. A1 - Clausen, Caterina J. A1 - Elsayed, Ahmed A1 - Schulze, Jörg A1 - Fischer, Inga Anita T1 - Raman shifts in MBE‐grown SixGe1 − x − ySny alloys with large Si content T2 - Journal of Raman Spectroscopy Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/jrs.6098 SN - 1097-4555 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Augel, Lion A1 - Schlipf, Jon A1 - Bullert, Sergej A1 - Bürzele, Sebastian A1 - Schulze, Jörg A1 - Fischer, Inga Anita T1 - Photonic-plasmonic mode coupling in nanopillar Ge-on-Si PIN photodiodes T2 - Scientific Reports N2 - Incorporating group IV photonic nanostructures within active top-illuminated photonic devices often requires light-transmissive contact schemes. In this context, plasmonic nanoapertures in metallic films can not only be realized using CMOS compatible metals and processes, they can also serve to influence the wavelength-dependent device responsivities. Here, we investigate crescent-shaped nanoapertures in close proximity to Ge-on-Si PIN nanopillar photodetectors both in simulation and experiment. In our geometries, the absorption within the devices is mainly shaped by the absorption characteristics of the vertical semiconductor nanopillar structures (leaky waveguide modes). The plasmonic resonances can be used to influence how incident light couples into the leaky modes within the nanopillars. Our results can serve as a starting point to selectively tune our device geometries for applications in spectroscopy or refractive index sensing. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-85012-z SN - 2045-2322 IS - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schönekerl, Stefan A1 - Acker, Jörg T1 - The Role of the Molecular Hydrogen Formation in the Process of Metal Ion Reduction on Multi-crystalline Silicon in a Hydrofluoric Acid Matrix T2 - Nanomaterials N2 - Metal deposition on silicon in hydrofluoric acid (HF) solutions is a well-established process for the surface patterning of silicon. The reactions behind this process, especially the formation or the absence of molecular hydrogen (H2) are controversially discussed in the literature. In this study, several batch experiments with Ag+, Cu2+, AuCl4– and PtCl62– in HF matrix and multi-crystalline silicon were performed. The stoichiometric amounts of the metal depositions, the silicon dissolution and the molecular hydrogen formation were determined analytically. Based on these data and theoretical considerations of the valence transfer, four reasons for the formation of H2 could be identified. Firstly, H2 is generated in a consecutive reaction after a monovalent hole transfer (h+) to a Si–Si bond. Secondly, H2 is produced as a result of a monovalent hole transfer to the Si–H bonds. Thirdly, H2 occurs if Si–Si back bonds of the hydrogen-terminated silicon are attacked by Cu2+ reduction resulting in the intermediate species HSiF3, which is further degraded to H2 and SiF62–. The fourth H2-forming reaction is the reduction of oxonium ions (H3O+) on the silver/, copper/ and gold/silicon contacts via monovalent hole transfer to silicon. In the case of (cumulative) even-numbered valence transfers to silicon, no H2 is produced. The formation of H2 also fails to appear if the equilibrium potential of the 2H3O+/H2 half-cell does not reach the energetic level of the valence bands of the bulk or hydrogen-terminated silicon. Non-hydrogen-forming reactions in silver, copper and gold deposition always occur with at least one H2-forming process. The PtCl62– reduction to Pt proceeds exclusively via even-numbered valence transfers to silicon. This also applies to the reaction of H3O+ at the platinum/silicon contact. Consequently, no H2 is formed during platinum deposition. KW - molecular hydrogen KW - metal deposition KW - silicon KW - etching KW - hydrofluoric acid KW - reaction kinetics KW - dissolution KW - chemical analysis Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/4/982 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11040982 SN - 2079-4991 VL - 11 IS - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gribat, Nina T1 - Ambivalent conditions for co-production in secondary cities: the cases of Techiman and Sunyani in Ghana T2 - Trialog – Zeitschrift für das Planen und Bauen im globalen Kontext N2 - In this paper I examine the assumptions underlying discourses on co-production – particularly in the field of urban planning – by focussing on the local level and local actors' perspectives on secondary-city planning and development in the Global South, an urban context that has so far not been examined in-depth in the literature on co-production. Based on qualitative case studies in secondary cities in Ghana and interviews with key stakeholders, my contribution shows some implications of limited capacities of planning and policy making and a low degree of organised civil society. In contrast to this, the high degree of self-provisioning of the local people provides potential starting points for co-production. This actual gap on the ground between the ordinary people's capacity to organise and administrate, and the government's to respond, shows some practical limitations of the rather optimistic discourse on the co-production of services. KW - Urban Planning KW - Urban And Regional Planning KW - Decentralisation processes and development issues KW - Participatory Planning KW - Secondary Cities Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.trialog-journal.de/hefte/trialog-137-co-production-of-knowledge-in-urban-development/ SN - 0724-6234 VL - 137 IS - 2 SP - 59 EP - 64 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hagemann, Anke A1 - Beyer, Elke T1 - Globalizing urban research, grounding global production networks T2 - Articulo - Journal of Urban Research N2 - Geographically dispersed networks of production interact with urban economic development and contribute to shape the built environment and urbanization processes all over the world. However, the global manufacturing of goods and their circulation have not yet been given adequate attention in the field of urban research. This article charts a research framework to study the interplay between urban spaces and globalized industrial production. We argue that a relational perspective on multi-local economic processes as provided by commodity chain approaches, specifically the Global Production Networks (GPN) framework, ought to be integrated into urban research in order to grasp the driving forces and the transnational character of urban development in places of industrial production. In the first section of the article, we discuss the conceptual base and benefits of integrating the GPN approach with an urban research perspective centred on the analysis of the built environment. In the second section, we operationalize these considerations in an analytical framework which we apply to a multi-local and relational case study of clothing manufacturing locations in the Istanbul metropolitan region in Turkey, the South Bulgarian province Kardzhali and the periphery of Ethiopia’s capital Addis Ababa. Our findings illuminate the site-specific, yet interdependent mutual transformation of global production networks and urban space, giving rise to transnational spatial formations such as dense industry clusters, dispersed production niches or clearly defined enclaves for export processing. At the same time, they underscore the agency of the built environment and urban planning in shaping the geography of globalized production. KW - Commodity Chains KW - Urban Research KW - Architecture KW - Clothing Industry KW - Global Production Networks KW - Transnationality KW - Turkey KW - Bulgaria KW - Ethiopia Y1 - 2020 UR - http://journals.openedition.org/articulo/4622 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4000/articulo.4622 SN - 1661-4941 VL - 21 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lohmann, Hagen T1 - Europa kontrovers - #Diesmal wähle ich – Wahlen zum Europäischen Parlament, Landes- und Kommunalverwaltung T2 - Landes- und Kommunalverwaltung : LKV ; Verwaltungsrechts-Zeitschrift für die Länder Berlin, Brandenburg, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt und Thüringen Y1 - 2019 SN - 0939-0014 IS - 7 SP - S. 312 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Steinberg, Philip J. A1 - Urbig, Diemo A1 - Procher, Vivien D. T1 - Too much or too little of R&D offshoring: The impact of captive offshoring and contract offshoring on innovation performance T2 - Research Policy N2 - Innovating firms may acquire foreign knowledge and improve their innovation performance by offshoring their R&D activities to their own foreign affiliates (captive offshoring) as well as by contracting out their R&D to external foreign parties (contract offshoring). This study examines the impact of both R&D offshoring strategies on innovation performance. Based on a panel dataset of 2421 R&D-active firms in Germany, we demonstrate that captive offshoring and contract offshoring differ fundamentally in their impact on firm innovation performance. At low degrees of offshoring, contract offshoring positively affects innovation performance and is preferable over captive offshoring. At larger degrees of offshoring, captive offshoring becomes more beneficial while contract offshoring is disadvantageous. Both offshoring strategies eventually harm innovation performance when excessively employed. Furthermore, the R&D offshoring-performance relationship is leveraged by R&D intensity, such that firms with a larger knowledge stock benefit stronger from both captive and contract offshoring. KW - R&D offshoring KW - Innovation KW - Contract offshoring KW - Captive offshoring KW - R&D intensity Y1 - 2017 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2017.08.008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2017.08.008 SN - 1873-7625 VL - 46 IS - 10 SP - 1810 EP - 1823 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bönte, Werner A1 - Procher, Vivien D. A1 - Urbig, Diemo A1 - Voracek, Martin T1 - Digit Ratio (2D:4D) predicts self-reported measures of general competitiveness, but not behavior in economic experiments T2 - Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience N2 - The ratio of index finger length to ring finger length (2D:4D) is considered to be a putative biomarker of prenatal androgen exposure (PAE), with previous research suggesting that 2D:4D is associated with human behaviors, especially sex-typical behaviors. This study empirically examines the relationship between 2D:4D and individual competitiveness, a behavioral trait that is found to be sexually dimorphic. We employ two related, but distinct, measures of competitiveness, namely behavioral measures obtained from economic experiments and psychometric self-reported measures. Our analyses are based on two independent data sets obtained from surveys and economic experiments with 461 visitors of a shopping mall (Study I) and 617 university students (Study II). The correlation between behavior in the economic experiment and digit ratios of both hands is not statistically significant in either study. In contrast, we find a negative and statistically significant relationship between psychometric self-reported measures of competitiveness and right hand digit ratios (R2D:4D) in both studies. This relationship is especially strong for younger people. Hence, this study provides some robust empirical evidence for a negative association between R2D:4D and self-reported competitiveness. We discuss potential reasons why digit ratio may relate differently to behaviors in specific economics experiments and to self-reported general competitiveness. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2017.00238 SN - 1662-5153 VL - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lomberg, Carina A1 - Urbig, Diemo A1 - Stöckmann, Christoph A1 - Marino, Louis D. A1 - Dickson, Pat H. T1 - Entrepreneurial orientation: the dimensions' shared effects in explaining firm performance T2 - Entrepreneurship, Theory & Practice N2 - We shed new light on the structure of the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and firm performance and how this relationship varies across contexts. Using commonality analysis, we decompose the variance in performance—in terms of the effects of innovativeness, proactiveness, and risk taking—into parts that are attributable to unique variations in these dimensions (unique effects) and those attributable to covariation between these dimensions (shared effects). By demonstrating the empirical relevance of unique, bilaterally shared, and commonly shared effects in a heterogeneous sample of low–tech, high–tech, and multi–sector firms, we consolidate existing conceptualizations of EO and propose an extension of the extant theoretical views of the construct. Y1 - 2017 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/etap.12237 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/etap.12237 SN - 1540-6520 SN - 0363-9428 VL - 41 IS - 6 SP - 973 EP - 998 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mühlfeld, Katrin A1 - Urbig, Diemo A1 - Weitzel, Utz T1 - Entrepreneurs' exploratory perseverance in learning settings T2 - Entrepreneurship, Theory & Practice N2 - We introduce “exploratory perseverance” as a novel construct that captures perseverant behavior in settings in which several alternatives can be explored and evaluated. We suggest that entrepreneurs display exploratory perseverance reflected by a tendency to keep exploring broader sets of alternatives, to adopt a parallel rather than sequential approach to trial‐and‐error learning, and, after negative experiences with some alternatives, to be more inclined to give them a second chance. The results from an experimental study of 449 individuals participating in the Iowa Gambling Task indicate that more entrepreneurially experienced individuals display greater exploratory perseverance than those with little to no entrepreneurial experience. KW - Entrepreneurship KW - Learning KW - Exploration KW - Iowa Gambling Task Y1 - 2017 UR - https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1111/etp.12224 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/etp.12224 SN - 1540-6520 SN - 0363-9428 VL - 41 IS - 4 SP - 533 EP - 565 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bönte, Werner A1 - Lombardo, Sandro A1 - Urbig, Diemo T1 - Economics meets psychology: Experimental and self-reported measures of individual competitiveness T2 - Personality and Individual Differences N2 - This study examines the relationship between economic and psychological approaches to measure individuals' competitiveness. While psychologists typically use self-reported psychometric scales, economists tend to use behavioral measures obtained from economic experiments, where subjects confronted with specific paid tasks have to select into either a competitive or a piece-rate payment scheme. Both measurement approaches have remained largely isolated from one another. We demonstrate that a standard behavioral measure and a psychometric scale of individual competitiveness are positively associated, but distinguishable with respect to the role of personal development motives. While self-reported competitiveness also emerges from personal development motives, the behavioral measure does not reflect such motives. The distinction between both measures is validated based on divergent associations with personality and interests in a competitive career. KW - Experiment KW - Competitiveness KW - Psychometric measurement Y1 - 2017 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2017.04.036 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2017.04.036 VL - 116 SP - 179 EP - 185 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schulz, Matthias A1 - Urbig, Diemo A1 - Procher, Vivien D. T1 - The role of hybrid entrepreneurship in explaining multiple job holders’ earnings structure T2 - Journal of Business Venturing Insights N2 - Despite the high prevalence of hybrid entrepreneurs among multiple job holders, research on hybrid entrepreneurship and multiple job holding has largely evolved independently from each other. We take a first step for a fruitful exchange between both research streams by building on hybrid entrepreneurship theories to explain why multiple job holders frequently have higher hourly earnings in their second job compared to their main job. Consistent with these entrepreneurship theories, our empirical analysis, based on the British Household Panel Survey (1991–2008), demonstrates that engaging in self-employment as second job significantly increases the probability of having higher average earnings in this second job, compared to being paid employed in both occupations. Furthermore, we explore the roles of gender and household composition in explaining multiple job holders’ earnings structure. KW - Entrepreneurship Y1 - 2017 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbvi.2016.12.002 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbvi.2016.12.002 SN - 2352-6734 VL - 7 SP - 9 EP - 14 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gargalianou, Vasiliki A1 - Urbig, Diemo A1 - Witteloostuijn, Arjen van T1 - Cooperating or competing in three languages: Cultural accommodation or alienation? T2 - Cross-Cultural & Strategic Management N2 - Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of using foreign languages on cooperative behavior in a prisoner’s dilemma setting. The cultural accommodation hypothesis suggests that people are less cooperative in English, associated with the Anglophone cultural cluster, than in French, which is – as is Belgium – associated with the more cooperative Latin European cultural cluster. Design/methodology/approach: Choices are framed as pricing strategies in the context of duopolistic competition. In total, 422 Flemish-Belgium participants with English and French as foreign and Dutch as their native language played in one of three language treatments. Findings: While the authors observe differences between the native and both foreign languages, which are moderated by gender, the authors do not find any difference in effects between the two foreign languages that are associated with different cultures. Extending cultural accommodation arguments, the data suggests an effect specific to the use of the two selected foreign languages. Originality/value The authors contribute to this literature by reporting an experimental test of cultural accommodation and alienation effects related to two foreign languages. The authors explore novel arguments, related to cognitive psychology and gender effects. KW - Foreign language KW - Cooperation KW - Gender KW - Experiment Y1 - 2017 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/CCSM-01-2016-0008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1108/CCSM-01-2016-0008 VL - 24 IS - 1 SP - 167 EP - 191 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Richter, Matthias R. A1 - Cheng, Wen-Hui A1 - Crumlin, Ethan J. A1 - Drisdell, Walter S. A1 - Atwater, Harry A. A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Lewis, Nathan S. A1 - Brunschwig, Bruce S. T1 - X‑ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Resonant X‑ray Spectroscopy Investigations of Interactions between Thin Metal Catalyst Films and Amorphous Titanium Dioxide Photoelectrode Protection Layers T2 - Chemistry of Materials N2 - The use of electrochemistry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and resonant X-ray spectroscopy has unlocked the paradox of interfacial hole conduction through amorphous TiO2 (a-TiO2) to deposited Ni, Ir, and Au metal catalysts. Although electrocatalysts for the oxygen-evolution reaction derived from metallic Ir and Ni have mutually similar overpotentials in alkaline media, Si/a-TiO2/Ir interfaces exhibit higher overpotentials than Si/a-TiO2/Ni interfaces. The data allow formulation of full band energy diagrams for n-Si/a-TiO2/metal interfaces for M = Ni, Ir, or Au. Although both Ni and Ir produce band bending in a-TiO2 favoring hole conduction, only Ni creates multiple states within the a-TiO2 band gap at the a-TiO2/Ni interface, which produces a quasi-metallic interface at the a-TiO2/Ni junction. Au, however, produces a flat-band interface that limits hole conduction without any new band gap states. KW - X‑ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy KW - Resonant X‑ray Spectroscopy KW - titanium oxide KW - oxygen-evolution reaction KW - protection layer KW - interface interaction Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.0c04043 SN - 0897-4756 SN - 1520-5002 VL - 33 IS - 4 SP - 1265 EP - 1275 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Arcondoulis, Elias A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Liu, Yu T1 - An investigation of wake flows produced by asymmetrically structured porous coated cylinders T2 - Physics of Fluids Y1 - 2021 UR - https://aip.scitation.org/doi/full/10.1063/5.0042496 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0042496 SN - 1089-7666 VL - 33 IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Beyer, Elke A1 - Hagemann, Anke A1 - Misselwitz, Philipp T1 - Commodity flows and urban spaces. An introduction T2 - Articulo – Journal of Urban Research Y1 - 2020 UR - http://journals.openedition.org/articulo/4522 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4000/articulo.4522 SN - 1661-4941 VL - 21 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knopp, Lothar T1 - Problemtrend Hochschulfusion T2 - Forschung & Lehre Y1 - 2020 SN - 0945-5604 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knopp, Lothar A1 - Hofmann, Monique T1 - Wider den Rechtsstaat – Politik kontra Gerichtsbarkeit T2 - Neue Zeitschrift für Verwaltungsrecht : NVwZ Y1 - 2020 SN - 0721-880X IS - 14 SP - 982 EP - 987 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knopp, Lothar T1 - „Corona“ – „Offenbarungseid“ des deutschen Rechtsstaats? T2 - NVwZ Y1 - 2020 SN - 0934-8603 IS - 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hofmann, Monique T1 - Tagungsbericht „Rechtsstaat außer Kontrolle?“ T2 - NVwZ Y1 - 2020 SN - 0934-8603 IS - 8 SP - 530 EP - 532 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herzberg, Simone A1 - Lohmann, Hagen T1 - Die neuen Verwertungsquoten des Verpackungsgesetzes und ihre Folgen für die Praxis T2 - Neue Zeitschrift für Verwaltungsrecht : NVwZ Y1 - 2020 SN - 0721-880X IS - 15 SP - 1071 EP - 1075 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knerr, Isabel A1 - Trachte, Katja A1 - Garel, Emilie A1 - Huneau, Frédéric A1 - Santoni, Sébastien A1 - Bendix, Jörg T1 - Partitioning of Large-Scale and Local-Scale Precipitation Events by Means of Spatio-Temporal Precipitation Regimes on Corsica T2 - Atmosphere N2 - The island of Corsica in the western Mediterranean is characterized by a pronounced topography in which local breeze systems develop in the diurnal cycle. In interaction with the large-scale synoptic situation, various precipitation events occur, which are classified in this study with regard to their duration and intensity. For this purpose, the island was grouped into five precipitation regimes using a cluster analysis, namely the western coastal area, the central mountainous region, the southern coastal area, the northeast coastal area, and the eastern coastal area. Based on principal component analysis using mean sea level pressure (mslp) obtained from ERA5 reanalysis (the fifth generation of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, ECMWF), six spatial patterns were identified which explain 98% of the large-scale synoptic situation, while the diurnal breeze systems within the regimes characterize local drivers. It is shown that on radiation days with weak large-scale pressure gradients, pronounced local circulations in mountainous regions are coupled with sea breezes, leading to a higher number of short and intense precipitation events. Meridional circulation patterns lead to more intensive precipitation events on the eastern part of the island (30% intensive events with meridional patterns on the east side compared to 11% on the west side). On the west side of Corsica, however, coastal precipitation events are seldom and less intense than further inland, which can be attributed to the influence of the topography in frontal passages. KW - Corsica KW - Mediterranean KW - precipitation KW - principal component analysis KW - ERA-5 KW - clustering KW - local wind systems Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11040417 VL - 11 IS - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Juhlke, Tobias R. A1 - Sültenfuß, Jürgen A1 - Trachte, Katja A1 - Huneau, Frédéric A1 - Garel, Emilie A1 - Santoni, Sébastien A1 - Barth, Johannes A. C. A1 - Geldern, Robert van T1 - Tritium as a hydrological tracer in Mediterranean precipitation events T2 - Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics N2 - Climate models are in need of improved constraints for water vapor transport in the atmosphere, and tritium can serve as a powerful tracer in the hydrological cycle. Although the general principles of tritium distribution and transfer processes within and between the various hydrological compartments are known, variation on short timescales and aspects of altitude dependence are still under debate. To address questions regarding tritium sources, sinks, and transfer processes, the sampling of individual precipitation events in Corte on the island of Corsica in the Mediterranean Sea was performed between April 2017 and April 2018. Tritium concentrations of 46 event samples were compared to their moisture origin and corresponding air mass history. Air mass back-trajectories were generated from the novel high-resolution ERA5 dataset from the ECMWF (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts). Geographical source regions with similar tritium concentrations were predefined using generally known tritium distribution patterns, such as the “continental effect”, and from data records derived at long-term measurement stations of tritium in precipitation across the working area. Our model-derived source region tritium concentrations agreed well with annual mean station values. Moisture that originated from continental Europe and the Atlantic Ocean was most distinct regarding tritium concentrations with values up to 8.8 TU (tritium units) and near 0 TU, respectively. The seasonality of tritium values ranged from 1.6 TU in January to 10.1 TU in May, and they exhibited well-known elevated concentrations in spring and early summer due to increased stratosphere–troposphere exchange. However, this pattern was interrupted by extreme events. The average altitude of trajectories was correlated with the tritium concentrations in precipitation, especially in spring and early summer and if outlier values of extreme tritium concentrations were excluded. However, in combination with the trajectory information, these outlier values proved to be valuable for improving the comprehension of tritium movement in the atmosphere. Our work shows how event-based tritium research can advance the understanding of its distribution in the atmosphere Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-3555-2020 VL - 20 IS - 6 SP - 3555 EP - 3568 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seidel, Jochen A1 - Trachte, Katja A1 - Orellana-Alvear, Johanna A1 - Figueroa, Rafael A1 - Célleri, Rolando A1 - Bendix, Jörg A1 - Fernandez, Ciro A1 - Huggel, Christian T1 - Precipitation Characteristics at Two Locations in the Tropical Andes by Means of Vertically Pointing Micro-Rain Radar Observations T2 - Remote Sensing N2 - In remote areas with steep topography, such as the Tropical Andes, reliable precipitation data with a high temporal resolution are scarce. Therefore, studies focusing on the diurnal properties of precipitation are hampered. In this paper, we investigated two years of data from Micro-Rain Radars (MRR) in Cuenca, Ecuador, and Huaraz, Peru, from February 2017 to January 2019. This data allowed for a detailed study on the temporal precipitation characteristics, such as event occurrences and durations at these two locations. Our results showed that the majority of precipitation events had durations of less than 3 h. In Huaraz, precipitation has a distinct annual and diurnal cycle where precipitation in the rainy season occurred predominantly in the afternoon. These annual and diurnal cycles were less pronounced at the site in Cuenca, especially due to increased nocturnal precipitation events compared to Huaraz. Furthermore, we used a fuzzy logic classification of fall velocities and rainfall intensities to distinguish different precipitation types. This classification showed that nightly precipitation at both locations was predominantly stratiform, whereas (thermally induced) convection occurred almost exclusively during the daytime hours. KW - micro-rain radar KW - Tropical Andes KW - diurnal precipitation characteristics Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11242985 VL - 11 IS - 24 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Carrillo-Rojas, Galo A1 - Schulz, Hans Martin A1 - Orellana-Alvear, Johanna A1 - Ochoa‐Sánchez, Ana A1 - Trachte, Katja A1 - Célleri, Rolando A1 - Bendix, Jörg T1 - Atmosphere-surface fluxes modeling for the high Andes: The case of páramo catchments of Ecuador T2 - Science of the Total Environment N2 - Interest in atmosphere-surface flux modeling over the mountainous regions of the globe has increased recently, with a major focus on the prediction of water, carbon and other functional indicators in natural and disturbed conditions. However, less research has been centered on exploring energy fluxes (net radiation; sensible, latent and soil heat) and actual evapotranspiration (ETa) over the Neotropical Andean biome of the páramo. The present study assesses the implementation and parameterization of a state-of-art Land-Surface Model (LSM) for simulation of these fluxes over two representative páramo catchments of southern Ecuador. We evaluated the outputs of the LSM Community Land Model (CLM ver. 4.0) with (i) ground-level flux observations from the first (and highest) Eddy Covariance (EC) tower of the Northern Andean páramos; (ii) spatial ETa estimates from the energy balance-based model METRIC (based on Landsat imagery); and (iii) derived ETa from the closure of the water balance (WB). CLM’s energy predictions revealed a significant underestimation on net radiation, which impacts the sensible and soil heat fluxes (underestimation), and delivers a slight overestimation on latent heat flux. Modeled CLM ETa showed acceptable goodness-of-fit (Pearson R = 0.82) comparable to ETa from METRIC (R = 0.83). Contrarily, a poor performance of ETa WB was observed (R = 0.46). These findings provide solid evidence on the CLM’s accuracy for the ETa modeling, and give insights in the selection of other ETa methods. The study contributes to a better understanding of ecosystem functioning in terms of water loss through evaporative processes, and might help in the development of future LSMs’ implementations focused on climate / land use change scenarios for the páramo. KW - Tropical Andes KW - Páramo KW - CLM KW - METRIC KW - Evapotranspiration KW - Eddy covariance Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135372 SN - 0048-9697 IS - 704 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Trachte, Katja T1 - Atmospheric Moisture Pathways to the Highlands of the Tropical Andes: Analyzing the Effects of Spectral Nudging on Different Driving Fields for Regional Climate Modeling T2 - Atmosphere N2 - Atmospheric moisture pathways to the highlands of the tropical Andes Mountains were investigated using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, as well as back-trajectory analysis. To assess model uncertainties according to the initial and lateral boundary conditions (ILBCs), the effects of spectral nudging and different driving fields on regional climate modeling were tested. Based on the spatio-temporal patterns of the large-scale atmospheric features over South America, the results demonstrated that spectral nudging compared to traditional long-term integration generally produced greater consistency with the reference data (ERA5). These WRF simulations further revealed that the location of the inter-tropical convergence zone (ITCZ), as well as the precipitation over the Andes Mountains were better reproduced. To investigate the air mass pathways, the most accurate WRF simulation was used as atmospheric conditions for the back-trajectory calculations. Three subregions along the tropical Andean chain were considered. Based on mean cluster trajectories and the water vapor mixing ratio along the pathways, the contributions of eastern and western water sources were analyzed. In particular, the southernmost subregion illustrated a clear frequency of occurrences of Pacific trajectories mostly during September–November (40%) when the ITCZ is shifted to the Northern Hemisphere and the Bolivian high pressure system is weakened. In the northernmost subregion, Pacific air masses as well reached the Andes highlands with rather low frequencies regardless of the season (2–12%), but with a moisture contribution comparable to the eastern trajectories. Cross-sections of the equivalent-potential temperature as an indicator of the moisture and energy content of the atmosphere revealed a downward mixing of the moisture aloft, which was stronger in the southern subregion. Additionally, low-level onshore breezes, which developed in both subregions, indicated the transport of warm-moist marine air masses to the highlands, highlighting the importance of KW - atmospheric moisture pathways KW - Andes KW - WRF KW - back-trajectories KW - spectral nudging Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos9110456 VL - 9 IS - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Campozano, Lenin A1 - Trachte, Katja A1 - Célleri, Rolando A1 - Samaniego, Esteban A1 - Bendix, Jörg A1 - Albuja, Cristóbal A1 - Mejia, John F. T1 - Climatology and Teleconnections of Mesoscale Convective Systems in an Andean Basin in Southern Ecuador: The Case of the Paute Basin T2 - Advances in Meteorology N2 - Mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) climatology, the thermodynamic and dynamical variables, and teleconnections influencing MCSs development are assessed for the Paute basin (PB) in the Ecuadorian Andes from 2000 to 2009. *e seasonality of MCSs occurrence shows a bimodal pattern, with higher occurrence during March-April (MA) and October-November (ON), analogous to the regional rainfall seasonality. *e diurnal cycle of MCSs shows a clear nocturnal occurrence, especially during the MA and ON periods. Interestingly, despite the higher occurrence of MCSs during the rainy seasons, the monthly size relative frequency remains fairly constant throughout the year. On the east of the PB, the persistent high convective available potential and low convective inhibition values from midday to nighttime are likely related to the nocturnal development of the MCSs. A significant positive correlation between the MCSs occurrence to the west of the PB and the Trans-Niño index was found, suggesting that ENSO is an important source of interannual variability of MCSs frequency with increasing development of MCSs during warm ENSO phases. On the east of the PB, the variability of MCSs is positively correlated to the tropical Atlantic sea surface temperature anomalies south of the equator, due to the variability of the Atlantic subtropical anticyclone, showing main departures from this relation when anomalous conditions occur in the tropical Pacific due to ENSO. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/4259191 VL - 2018 IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Trachte, Katja A1 - Seidel, Jochen A1 - Figueroa, Rafael A1 - Otto, Marco A1 - Bendix, Jörg T1 - Cross-Scale Precipitation Variability in a Semiarid Catchment Area on the Western Slopes of the Central Andes T2 - Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology N2 - Spatiotemporal precipitation patterns were investigated on the western slopes of the central AndesMountains by applying EOF and cluster analysis as well as the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF)Model. In the semiarid catchment area in the highlands of Lima, Peru, the precipitation is assumed to be across-scale interplay of large-scale dynamics, varying sea surface temperatures (SSTs), and breeze-dominatedslope flows. The EOF analysis was used to encompass and elucidate the upper-level circulation patternsdominating the transport of moisture. To delineate local precipitation regimes, a partitioning cluster analysiswas carried out, which additionally should illustrate local effects such as the altitudinal gradient of the Andes. Theresults demonstrated that especially during the transition to the dry season, synoptic-scale circulation aloft controlsthe precipitation (correlation coefficients between 0.6 and 0.9), whereas in the remaining seasons the slope breezesdue to the altitudinal gradient mainly determine the precipitation behavior. Further analysis with regard to thespatiotemporal precipitation variability revealed an inversion of the precipitation distribution along the elevationalgradient within the study area, mainly during February (29%) and March (35%), that showed correlations withcoastal SST patterns ranging between 0.56 and 0.67. WRF simulations of the underlying mechanisms disclosed thatthe large-scale circulation influences the thermally induced upslope flows while the strength of southeastern low-level winds related to the coastal SSTs caused a blocking of easterlies in the middle troposphere through a reducedanticyclonic effect. This interplay enables the generation of precipitation in the usually drier environment at lower elevations, which leads to a decrease in rainfall with increasing elevation. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1175/JAMC-D-17-0207.1 VL - 57 IS - 3 SP - 675 EP - 694 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bissolli, Peter A1 - Demicran, Mesut A1 - Kennedy, John A1 - Lakatos, Mónika A1 - McCarthy, Mark A1 - Morice, Colin A1 - Pastor Saavedra, S. A1 - Pons, M. R. A1 - Rodriguez Camino, C. A1 - Rösner, Benjamin A1 - Sensoy, Serhat A1 - Spillane, Sandra A1 - Trachte, Katja A1 - van der Schrier, Gerard T1 - Europe and the Middle East T2 - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society / State of the Climate in 2017 N2 - In 2017, the dominant greenhouse gases released into Earth’s atmosphere—carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide— reached new record highs. The annual global average carbon dioxide concentration at Earth’s surface for 2017 was 405.0 ± 0.1 ppm, 2.2 ppm greater than for 2016 and the highest in the modern atmospheric measurement record and in ice core records dating back as far as 800 000 years. The global growth rate of CO2 has nearly quadrupled since the early 1960s. With ENSO-neutral conditions present in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean during most of the year and weak La Niña conditions notable at the start and end, the global temperature across land and ocean surfaces ranked as the second or third highest, depending on the dataset, since records began in the mid-to-late 1800s. Notably, it was the warmest non-El Niño year in the instrumental record. Above Earth’s surface, the annual lower tropospheric temperature was also either second or third highest according to all datasets analyzed. The lower stratospheric temperature was about 0.2°C higher than the record cold temperature of 2016 according to most of the in situ and satellite datasets. Several countries, including Argentina, Uruguay, Spain, and Bulgaria, reported record high annual temperatures. Mexico broke its annual record for the fourth consecutive year. On 27 January, the temperature reached 43.4°C at Puerto Madryn, Argentina—the highest temperature recorded so far south (43°S) anywhere in the world. On 28 May in Turbat, western Pakistan, the high of 53.5°C tied Pakistan’s all-time highest temperature and became the world-record highest temperature for May. In the Arctic, the 2017 land surface temperature was 1.6°C above the 1981–2010 average, the second highest since the record began in 1900, behind only 2016. The five highest annual Arctic temperatures have all occurred since 2007. Exceptionally high temperatures were observed in the permafrost across the Arctic, with record values reported in much of Alaska and northwestern Canada. In August, high sea surface temperature (SST) records were broken for the Chukchi Sea, with some regions as warm as +11°C, or 3° to 4°C warmer than the longterm mean (1982–present). According to paleoclimate studies, today’s abnormally warm Arctic air and SSTs have not been observed in the last 2000 years. The increasing temperatures have led to decreasing Arctic sea ice extent and thickness. On 7 March, sea ice extent at the end of the growth season saw its lowest maximum in the 37-year satellite record, covering 8% less area than the 1981–2010 average. The Arctic sea ice minimum on 13 September was the eighth lowest on record and covered 25% less area than the long-term mean. Preliminary data indicate that glaciers across the world lost mass for the 38th consecutive year on record; the declines are remarkably consistent from region to region. Cumulatively since 1980, this loss is equivalent to slicing 22 meters off the top of the average glacier. Antarctic sea ice extent remained below average for all of 2017, with record lows during the first four months. Over the continent, the austral summer seasonal melt extent and melt index were the second highest since 2005, mostly due to strong positive anomalies of air temperature over most of the West Antarctic coast. In contrast, the East Antarctic Plateau saw record low mean temperatures in March. The year was also distinguished by the second smallest Antarctic ozone hole observed since 1988. Across the global oceans, the overall long-term SST warming trend remained strong. Although SST cooled slightly from 2016 to 2017, the last three years produced the three highest annual values observed; these high anomalies have been associated with widespread coral bleaching. The most recent global coral bleaching lasted three full years, June 2014 to May 2017, and was the longest, most widespread, and almost certainly most destructive such event on record. Global integrals of 0–700- m and 0–2000-m ocean heat content reached record highs in 2017, and global mean sea level during the year became the highest annual average in the 25-year satellite altimetry record, rising to 77 mm above the 1993 average. In the tropics, 2017 saw 85 named tropical storms, slightly above the 1981–2010 average of 82. The North Atlantic basin was the only basin that featured an above-normal season, its seventh most active in the 164-year record. Three hurricanes in the basin were especially notable. Harvey produced record rainfall totals in areas of Texas and Louisiana, including a storm total of 1538.7 mm near Beaumont, Texas, which far exceeds the previous known U.S. tropical cyclone record of 1320.8 mm. Irma was the strongest tropical cyclone globally in 2017 and the strongest Atlantic hurricane outside of the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean on record with maximum winds of 295 km h−1. Maria caused catastrophic destruction across the Caribbean Islands, including devastating wind damage and flooding across Puerto Rico. Elsewhere, the western North Pacific, South Indian, and Australian basins were all particularly quiet. Precipitation over global land areas in 2017 was clearly above the long-term average. Among noteworthy regional precipitation records in 2017, Russia reported its second wettest year on record (after 2013) and Norway experienced its sixth wettest year since records began in 1900. Across India, heavy rain and flood-related incidents during the monsoon season claimed around 800 lives. In August and September, above-normal precipitation triggered the most devastating floods in more than a decade in the Venezuelan states of Bolívar and Delta Amacuro. In Nigeria, heavy rain during August and September caused the Niger and Benue Rivers to overflow, bringing floods that displaced more than 100 000 people. Global fire activity was the lowest since at least 2003; however, high activity occurred in parts of North America, South America, and Europe, with an unusually long season in Spain and Portugal, which had their second and third driest years on record, respectively. Devastating fires impacted British Columbia, destroying 1.2 million hectares of timber, bush, and grassland, due in part to the region’s driest summer on record. In the United States, an extreme western wildfire season burned over 4 million hectares; the total costs of $18 billion tripled the previous U.S. annual wildfire cost record set in 1991. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1175/2018BAMSStateoftheClimate.1 SN - 0003-0007 SN - 1520-0477 VL - 99 IS - 8 SP - 222 EP - 233 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lehnert, Lukas W. A1 - Thies, Boris A1 - Trachte, Katja A1 - Achilles, Sebastian A1 - Osses, Pablo A1 - Baumann, Karen A1 - Schmidt, Jakob A1 - Samolov, Elena A1 - Jung, Patrick A1 - Leinweber, Peter A1 - Karsten, Ulf A1 - Büdel, Burkhard A1 - Bendix, Jörg T1 - A Case Study on Fog/Low Stratus Occurrence at Las Lomitas, Atacama Desert (Chile) as a Water Source for Biological Soil Crusts T2 - Aerosol and Air Quality Research N2 - The Atacama Desert is well known for the high occurrence of large-scale fog (spatial extents: hundreds of kilometers) emerging as low stratus (LST) decks over the Pacific Ocean. By contrast, the small-scale and heterogeneous occurrence of small-scale fog (hundreds of meters) particularly during summers is widely unconsidered. However, these events are important for the local vegetation and particularly for the biological soil crusts (BSC) that are widely distributed in this extreme ecosystem. Consequently, a case study in a typical fog oasis in the Pan de Azúcar National Park was conducted to test the feasibility combining field measurements, drone profiling, remote sensing and numerical modeling (i) to investigate fog-type specific differences regarding dynamics, physical properties and formation, (ii) to test the applicability of remote sensing technology for fog monitoring based on existing low-resolution and a proposed new high-resolution product and (iii) to estimate the related fog water input to BSCs. Two types of fog were observed. The well-known fog/LST deck emerging from the Pacific Ocean with high water path and large spatial extent was the first type. Fog of the second type was patchier, small-scale and not necessarily connected to the LST over the ocean. Instead, fog formation of the second type was related to thermal breeze systems, which produced shallow clouds containing less water than those of type 1. In general, such small-scale fog events were not captured well by existing remote sensing products but could be detected with the proposed new high-resolution product which provided promising results. Both fog types were important water resources for the BSCs, with approximately 8% to 24% of the fog water flux available to the BSCs at the surface. The results indicated the feasibility of the proposed methods’ pool to estimate the water budget of BSCs with a high spatial resolution in the future. KW - Orographic fog KW - Landsat KW - WRF-modeling KW - Biological soil crusts KW - Vertical fog droplet spectra Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2017.01.0021 SN - 1680-8584 SN - 2071-1409 VL - 18 IS - 1 SP - 254 EP - 269 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bissolli, Peter A1 - Demicran, Mesut A1 - Gutiérrez, J. M. A1 - Kendon, Mike A1 - Kennedy, John A1 - Lakatos, Monika A1 - McCarthy, Gerard A1 - Morice, Colin A1 - Pons, M. R. A1 - Rollenbeck, Rütger A1 - Sensoy, Serhat A1 - Trachte, Katja A1 - van der Schrier, Gerard T1 - Europe and the Middle East T2 - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society / State of the Climate in 2016 N2 - In 2016, the dominant greenhouse gases released into Earth’s atmosphere—carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide— continued to increase and reach new record highs. The 3.5 ± 0.1 ppm rise in global annual mean carbon dioxide from 2015 to 2016 was the largest annual increase observed in the 58- year measurement record. The annual global average carbon dioxide concentration at Earth’s surface surpassed 400 ppm (402.9 ± 0.1 ppm) for the first time in the modern atmospheric measurement record and in ice core records dating back as far as 800000 years. One of the strongest El Niño events since at least 1950 dissipated in spring, and a weak La Niña evolved later in the year. Owing at least in part to the combination of El Niño conditions early in the year and a long-term upward trend, Earth’s surface observed record warmth for a third consecutive year, albeit by a much slimmer margin than by which that record was set in 2015. Above Earth’s surface, the annual lower troposphere temperature was record high according to all datasets analyzed, while the lower stratospheric temperature was record low according to most of the in situ and satellite datasets. Several countries, including Mexico and India, reported record high annual temperatures while many others observed near-record highs. A week-long heat wave at the end of April over the northern and eastern Indian peninsula, with temperatures surpassing 44°C, contributed to a water crisis for 330 million people and to 300 fatalities. In the Arctic the 2016 land surface temperature was 2.0°C above the 1981–2010 average, breaking the previous record of 2007, 2011, and 2015 by 0.8°C, representing a 3.5°C increase since the record began in 1900. The increasing temperatures have led to decreasing Arctic sea ice extent and thickness. On 24 March, the sea ice extent at the end of the growth season saw its lowest maximum in the 37-year satellite record, tying with 2015 at 7.2% below the 1981–2010 average. The September 2016 Arctic sea ice minimum extent tied with 2007 for the second lowest value on record, 33% lower than the 1981–2010 average. Arctic sea ice cover remains relatively young and thin, making it vulnerable to continued extensive melt. The mass of the Greenland Ice Sheet, which has the capacity to contribute ~7 m to sea level rise, reached a record low value. The onset of its surface melt was the second earliest, after 2012, in the 37-year satellite record. Sea surface temperature was record high at the global scale, surpassing the previous record of 2015 by about 0.01°C. The global sea surface temperature trend for the 21st centuryto-date of +0.162°C decade−1 is much higher than the longer term 1950–2016 trend of +0.100°C decade−1. Global annual mean sea level also reached a new record high, marking the sixth consecutive year of increase. Global annual ocean heat content saw a slight drop compared to the record high in 2015. Alpine glacier retreat continued around the globe, and preliminary data indicate that 2016 is the 37th consecutive year of negative annual mass balance. Across the Northern Hemisphere, snow cover for each month from February to June was among its four least extensive in the 47-year satellite record. Continuing a pattern below the surface, record high temperatures at 20-m depth were measured at all permafrost observatories on the North Slope of Alaska and at the Canadian observatory on northernmost Ellesmere Island. In the Antarctic, record low monthly surface pressures were broken at many stations, with the southern annular mode setting record high index values in March and June. Monthly high surface pressure records for August and November were set at several stations. During this period, record low daily and monthly sea ice extents were observed, with the November mean sea ice extent more than 5 standard deviations below the 1981–2010 average. These record low sea ice values contrast sharply with the record high values observed during 2012–14. Over the region, springtime Antarctic stratospheric ozone depletion was less severe relative to the 1991–2006 average, but ozone levels were still low compared to pre-1990 levels. Closer to the equator, 93 named tropical storms were observed during 2016, above the 1981–2010 average of 82, but fewer than the 101 storms recorded in 2015. Three basins—the North Atlantic, and eastern and western North Pacific—experienced above-normal activity in 2016. The Australian basin recorded its least active season since the beginning of the satellite era in 1970. Overall, four tropical cyclones reached the Saffir–Simpson category 5 intensity level. The strong El Niño at the beginning of the year that transitioned to a weak La Niña contributed to enhanced precipitation variability around the world. Wet conditions were observed throughout the year across southern South America, causing repeated heavy flooding in Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay. Wetter-than-usual conditions were also observed for eastern Europe and central Asia, alleviating the drought conditions of 2014 and 2015 in southern Russia. In the United States, California had its first wetter-than-average year since 2012, after being plagued by drought for several years. Even so, the area covered by drought in 2016 at the global scale was among the largest in the post-1950 record. For each month, at least 12% of land surfaces experienced severe drought conditions or worse, the longest such stretch in the record. In northeastern Brazil, drought conditions were observed for the fifth consecutive year, making this the longest drought on record in the region. Dry conditions were also observed in western Bolivia and Peru; it was Bolivia’s worst drought in the past 25 years. In May, with abnormally warm and dry conditions already prevailing over western Canada for about a year, the human-induced Fort McMurray wildfire burned nearly 590000 hectares and became the costliest disaster in Canadian history, with $3 billion (U.S. dollars) in insured losses. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1175/2017BAMSStateoftheClimate.1 SN - 1520-0477 SN - 0003-0007 VL - 98 IS - 8 SP - 201 EP - 212 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bendix, Jörg A1 - Fries, Andreas A1 - Zárate, Jorge A1 - Trachte, Katja A1 - Rollenbeck, Rütger A1 - Pucha-Cofrep, Franz A1 - Paladines, Renzo A1 - Palacios, Ivan A1 - Orellana-Alvear, Johanna A1 - Oñate-Valdivieso, Fernando A1 - Naranjo, Carlos A1 - Mendoza, Leonardo A1 - Mejia, Diego A1 - Guallpa, Mario A1 - Gordillo, Francisco A1 - Gonzalez-Jaramillo, Victor A1 - Dobbermann, Maik A1 - Célleri, Rolando A1 - Carrillo, Carlos A1 - Araque, Augusto A1 - Achilles, Sebastian T1 - RadarNet-Sur First Weather Radar Network in Tropical High Mountains T2 - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society N2 - Weather radar networks are indispensable tools for forecasting and disaster prevention in industrialized countries. However, they are far less common in the countries of South America, which frequently suffer from an underdeveloped network of meteorological stations. To address this problem in southern Ecuador, this article presents a novel radar network using cost-effective, single-polarization, X-band technology: the RadarNet-Sur. The RadarNet-Sur network is based on three scanning X-band weather radar units that cover approximately 87,000 km2 of southern Ecuador. Several instruments, including five optical disdrometers and two vertically aligned K-band Doppler radar profilers, are used to properly (inter) calibrate the radars. Radar signal processing is a major issue in the high mountains of Ecuador because cost-effective radar technologies typically lack Doppler capabilities. Thus, special procedures were developed for clutter detection and beam blockage correction by integrating ground-based and satelliteborne measurements. To demonstrate practical applications, a map of areas frequently affected by intense rainfall is presented, based on a time series of one radar that has been in operation since 2002. Such information is of vital importance to, for example, infrastructure management because rain-driven landslides are a major issue for road maintenance and safety throughout Ecuador. The presented case study of exceptionally strong rain events during the recent El Niño in March 2015 highlights the system’s practicality in weather forecasting related to disaster management. For the first time, RadarNet-Sur warrants a spatial-explicit observation of El Niño-related heavy precipitation in a transect from the coast to the highlands in a spatial resolution of 500 m. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-15-00178.1 VL - 98 IS - 6 SP - 1235 EP - 1254 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Makowski Giannoni, Sandro A1 - Trachte, Katja A1 - Rollenbeck, Rütger A1 - Lehnert, Lukas W. A1 - Fuchs, Julia A1 - Bendix, Jörg T1 - Atmospheric salt deposition in a tropical mountain rainforest at the eastern Andean slopes of south Ecuador – Pacific or Atlantic origin? T2 - Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics N2 - Sea salt (NaCl) has recently been proven to be of the utmost importance for ecosystem functioning in Amazon lowland forests because of its impact on herbivory, litter decomposition and, thus, carbon cycling. Sea salt deposition should generally decline as distance from its marine source increases. For the Amazon, a negative east–west gradient of sea salt availability is assumed as a consequence of the barrier effect of the Andes Mountains for Pacific air masses. However, this generalized pattern may not hold for the tropical mountain rainforest in the Andes of southern Ecuador. To analyse sea salt availability, we investigated the deposition of sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl−), which are good proxies of sea spray aerosol. Because of the complexity of the terrain and related cloud and rain formation processes, sea salt deposition was analysed from both, rain and occult precipitation (OP) along an altitudinal gradient over a period between 2004 and 2009. To assess the influence of easterly and westerly air masses on the deposition of sodium and chloride over southern Ecuador, sea salt aerosol concentration data from the Monitoring Atmospheric Composition and Climate (MACC) reanalysis data set and back-trajectory statistical methods were combined. Our results, based on deposition time series, show a clear difference in the temporal variation of sodium and chloride concentration and Na+ ∕ Cl− ratio in relation to height and exposure to winds. At higher elevations, sodium and chloride present a higher seasonality and the Na+ ∕ Cl− ratio is closer to that of sea salt. Medium- to long-range sea salt transport exhibited a similar seasonality, which shows the link between our measurements at high elevations and the sea salt synoptic transport. Although the influence of the easterlies was predominant regarding the atmospheric circulation, the statistical analysis of trajectories and hybrid receptor models revealed a stronger impact of the north equatorial Atlantic, Caribbean, and Pacific sea salt sources on the atmospheric sea salt concentration in southern Ecuador. The highest concentration in rain and cloud water was found between September and February when air masses originated from the north equatorial Atlantic, the Caribbean Sea and the equatorial Pacific. Together, these sources accounted for around 82.4 % of the sea salt budget over southern Ecuador. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-10241-2016 VL - 16 IS - 15 SP - 10241 EP - 10261 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lehnert, Lukas W. A1 - Wesche, Karsten A1 - Trachte, Katja A1 - Reudenbach, Christoph A1 - Bendix, Jörg T1 - Climate variability rather than overstocking causes recent large scale cover changes of Tibetan pastures T2 - Scientific Reports N2 - The Tibetan Plateau (TP) is a globally important “water tower” that provides water for nearly 40% of the world’s population. This supply function is claimed to be threatened by pasture degradation on the TP and the associated loss of water regulation functions. However, neither potential large scale degradation changes nor their drivers are known. Here, we analyse trends in a high-resolution dataset of grassland cover to determine the interactions among vegetation dynamics, climate change and human impacts on the TP. The results reveal that vegetation changes have regionally different triggers: While the vegetation cover has increased since the year 2000 in the north-eastern part of the TP due to an increase in precipitation, it has declined in the central and western parts of the TP due to rising air temperature and declining precipitation. Increasing livestock numbers as a result of land use changes exacerbated the negative trends but were not their exclusive driver. Thus, we conclude that climate variability instead of overgrazing has been the primary cause for large scale vegetation cover changes on the TP since the new millennium. Since areas of positive and negative changes are almost equal in extent, pasture degradation is not generally proceeding. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/srep24367 VL - 6 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Campozano, Lenin A1 - Célleri, Rolando A1 - Trachte, Katja A1 - Bendix, Jörg A1 - Samaniego, Esteban T1 - Rainfall and Cloud Dynamics in the Andes: A Southern Ecuador Case Study T2 - Advances in Meteorology N2 - Mountain regions worldwide present a pronounced spatiotemporal precipitation variability, which added to scarce monitoring networks limits our understanding of the generation processes involved. To improve our understanding of clouds and precipitation dynamics and cross-scale generation processes in mountain regions, we analyzed spatiotemporal rainfall patterns using satellite cloud products (SCP) in the Paute basin (900–4200 m a.s.l. and 6481 km2) in the Andes of Ecuador. Precipitation models, using SCP and GIS data, reveal the spatial extension of three regimes: a three-modal (TM) regime present across the basin, a bimodal (BM) regime, along sheltered valleys, and a unimodal (UM) regime at windward slopes of the eastern cordillera. Subsequently, the spatiotemporal analysis using synoptic information shows that the dry season of the BM regime during boreal summer is caused by strong subsidence inhibiting convective clouds formation. Meanwhile, in UM regions, low advective shallow cap clouds mainly cause precipitation, influenced by water vapor from the Amazon and enhanced easterlies during boreal summer. TM regions are transition zones from UM to BM and zones on the windward slopes of the western cordillera. These results highlight the suitability of satellite and GIS data-driven statistical models to study spatiotemporal rainfall seasonality and generation processes in complex terrain, as the Andes. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/3192765 VL - 2016 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Trachte, Katja A1 - Bissolli, Peter A1 - Nitsche, H. A1 - Parker, David A1 - Kennedy, John A1 - Kendon, Mike T1 - Regional climates. Europe and the Middle East T2 - State of the Climate in 2014, Special Supplement to the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, Vol. 96, No. 7, July 2015 N2 - Most of the dozens of essential climate variables monitored each year in this report continued to follow their long-term trends in 2014, with several setting new records. Carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide—the major greenhouse gases released into Earth’s atmosphere—once again all reached record high average atmospheric concentrations for the year. Carbon dioxide increased by 1.9 ppm to reach a globally averaged value of 397.2 ppm for 2014. Altogether, 5 major and 15 minor greenhouse gases contributed 2.94 W m–2 of direct radiative forcing, which is 36% greater than their contributions just a quarter century ago. Accompanying the record-high greenhouse gas concentrations was nominally the highest annual global surface temperature in at least 135 years of modern record keeping, according to four independent observational analyses. The warmth was distributed widely around the globe's land areas, Europe observed its warmest year on record by a large margin, with close to two dozen countries breaking their previous national temperature records; many countries in Asia had annual temperatures among their 10 warmest on record; Africa reported above-average temperatures across most of the continent throughout 2014; Australia saw its third warmest year on record, following record heat there in 2013; Mexico had its warmest year on record; and Argentina and Uruguay each had their second warmest year on record. Eastern North America was the only major region to observe a below-average annual temperature. But it was the oceans that drove the record global surface temperature in 2014. Although 2014 was largely ENSO-neutral, the globally averaged sea surface temperature (SST) was the highest on record. The warmth was particularly notable in the North Pacific Ocean where SST anomalies signaled a transition from a negative to positive phase of the Pacific decadal oscillation. In the winter of 2013/14, unusually warm water in the northeast Pacific was associated with elevated ocean heat content anomalies and elevated sea level in the region. Globally, upper ocean heat content was record high for the year, reflecting the continued increase of thermal energy in the oceans, which absorb over 90% of Earth’s excess heat from greenhouse gas forcing. Owing to both ocean warming and land ice melt contributions, global mean sea level in 2014 was also record high and 67 mm greater than the 1993 annual mean, when satellite altimetry measurements began. Sea surface salinity trends over the past decade indicate that salty regions grew saltier while fresh regions became fresher, suggestive of an increased hydrological cycle over the ocean expected with global warming. As in previous years, these patterns are reflected in 2014 subsurface salinity anomalies as well. With a now decade-long trans-basin instrument array along 26°N, the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation shows a decrease in transport of –4.2 ± 2.5 Sv decade–1. Precipitation was quite variable across the globe. On balance, precipitation over the world’s oceans was above average, while below average across land surfaces. Drought continued in southeastern Brazil and the western United States. Heavy rain during April–June led to devastating floods in Canada’s Eastern Prairies. Above-normal summer monsoon rainfall was observed over the southern coast of West Africa, while drier conditions prevailed over the eastern Sahel. Generally, summer monsoon rainfall over eastern Africa was above normal, except in parts of western South Sudan and Ethiopia. The south Asian summer monsoon in India was below normal, with June record dry. Across the major tropical cyclone basins, 91 named storms were observed during 2014, above the 1981–2010 global average of 82. The Eastern/Central Pacific and South Indian Ocean basins experienced significantly above-normal activity in 2014; all other basins were either at or below normal. The 22 named storms in the Eastern/Central Pacific was the basin's most since 1992. Similar to 2013, the North Atlantic season was quieter than most years of the last two decades with respect to the number of storms, despite the absence of El Niño conditions during both years. In higher latitudes and at higher elevations, increased warming to be visible in the decline of glacier mass balance, increasing permafrost temperatures, and a deeper thawing layer in seasonally frozen soil. In the Arctic, the 2014 temperature over land areas was the fourth highest in the 115-year period of record and snow melt occurred 20–30 days earlier than the 1998–2010 average. The Greenland Ice Sheet experienced extensive melting in summer 2014. The extent of melting was above the 1981–2010 average for 90% of the melt season, contributing to the second lowest average summer albedo over Greenland since observations began in 2000 and a record-low albedo across the ice sheet for August. On the North Slope of Alaska, new record high temperatures at 20-m depth were measured at four of five permafrost observatories. In September, Arctic minimum sea ice extent was the sixth lowest since satellite records began in 1979. The eight lowest sea ice extents during this period have occurred in the last eight years. Conversely, in the Antarctic, sea ice extent countered its declining trend and set several new records in 2014, including record high monthly mean sea ice extent each month from April to November. On 20 September, a record large daily Antarctic sea ice extent of 20.14 × 106 km2 occurred. The 2014 Antarctic stratospheric ozone hole was 20.9 million km2 when averaged from 7 September to 13 October, the sixth smallest on record and continuing a decrease, albeit statistically insignificant, in area since 1998. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1175/2015BAMSStateoftheClimate.1 VL - 96 IS - 7 SP - 191 EP - 200 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pérez, Eduardo A1 - Pérez-Ávila, Antonio Javier A1 - Romero-Zaliz, Rocío A1 - Mahadevaiah, Mamathamba Kalishettyhalli A1 - Pérez-Bosch Quesada, Emilio A1 - Roldan, Juan Bautista A1 - Jiménez-Molinos, Francisco A1 - Wenger, Christian T1 - Optimization of Multi-Level Operation in RRAM Arrays for In-Memory Computing T2 - Electronics (MDPI) N2 - Accomplishing multi-level programming in resistive random access memory (RRAM) arrays with truly discrete and linearly spaced conductive levels is crucial in order to implement synaptic weights in hardware-based neuromorphic systems. In this paper, we implemented this feature on 4-kbit 1T1R RRAM arrays by tuning the programming parameters of the multi-level incremental step pulse with verify algorithm (M-ISPVA). The optimized set of parameters was assessed by comparing its results with a non-optimized one. The optimized set of parameters proved to be an effective way to define non-overlapped conductive levels due to the strong reduction of the device-to-device variability as well as of the cycle-to-cycle variability, assessed by inter-levels switching tests and during 1k reset-set cycles. In order to evaluate this improvement in real scenarios, the experimental characteristics of the RRAM devices were captured by means of a behavioral model, which was used to simulate two different neuromorphic systems: an 8×8 vector-matrixmultiplication (VMM) accelerator and a 4-layer feedforward neural network for MNIST database recognition. The results clearly showed that the optimization of the programming parameters improved both the precision of VMM results as well as the recognition accuracy of the neural network in about 6% compared with the use of non-optimized parameters. KW - RRAM KW - Multilevel switching KW - In-memory computing Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10091084 SN - 2079-9292 VL - 10 IS - 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Moreau, Danielle J. T1 - A study of the effect of airfoil thickness on the tonal noise generation of finite, wall-mounted airfoils T2 - Aerospace Science and Technology Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ast.2021.106768 SN - 1270-9638 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ghomsi Wabo, Samuel A1 - Klepel, Olaf T1 - Nitrogen release and pore formation through KOH activation of nitrogen‑doped carbon materials: an evaluation of the literature T2 - Carbon Letters Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s42823-021-00252-3 SN - 2233-4998 SN - 1976-4251 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Trachte, Katja A1 - Obregon, Andre A1 - Bissolli, Peter A1 - Kennedy, John A1 - Parker, David E. A1 - Trigo, Ricardo M. A1 - Barriopedro, D. E. T1 - Regional climates. Europe and the Middle East T2 - State of the Climate in 2011, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society N2 - Large-scale climate patterns influenced temperature and weather patterns around the globe in 2011. In particu-lar, a moderate-to-strong La Niña at the beginning of the year dissipated during boreal spring but reemerged during fall. The phenomenon contributed to historical droughts in East Africa, the southern United States, and northern Mexico, as well the wettest two-year period (2010 –11) on record for Australia, particularly remarkable as this follows a decade-long dry period. Precipitation patterns in South America were also influenced by La Niña. Heavy rain in Rio de Janeiro in January triggered the country’s worst floods and landslides in Brazil’s history. The 2011 combined average temperature across global land and ocean surfaces was the coolest since 2008, but was also among the 15 warmest years on record and above the 1981–2010 average. The global sea surface temperature cooled by 0.1°C from 2010 to 2011, associ-ated with cooling influences of La Niña. Global integrals of upper ocean heat content for 2011 were higher than for all prior years, demonstrating the Earth’s dominant role of the oceans in the Earth’s energy budget. In the upper atmosphere, tropical stratospheric temperatures were anomalously warm, while polar temper atures were anomalously cold. This led to large spring time stratospheric ozone reductions in polar latitudes in both hemispheres. Ozone concentrations in the Arctic strato-sphere during March were the lowest for that period since satellite records began in 1979. An extensive, deep, and persistent ozone hole over the Antarctic in September indicates that the recovery to pre-1980 conditions is proceeding very slowly.Atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations increased by 2.10 ppm in 2011, and exceeded 390 ppm for the first time since instrumental records began. Other greenhouse gases also continued to rise in concentration and the combined effect now represents a 30% increase in radia-tive forcing over a 1990 baseline. Most ozone depleting substances continued to fall. The global net ocean carbon dioxide uptake for the 2010 transition period from El Niño to La Niña, the most recent period for which analyzed data are available, was estimated to be 1.30 Pg C yr-1, almost 12% below the 29-year long-term average. Relative to the long-term trend, global sea level dropped noticeably in mid-2010 and reached a local minimum in 2011. The drop has been linked to the La Nina conditions that prevailed throughout much of 2010–11. Global sea level increased sharply during the second half of 2011. Global tropical cyclone activity during 2011 was well-below average, with a total of 74 storms compared with the 1981–2010 average of 89. Similar to 2010, the North Atlantic was the only basin that experienced above-normal activity.For the first year since the widespread introduction of the Dvorak intensity-estimation method in the 1980s, only three tropical cyclones reached Category 5 intensity level—all in the Northwest Pacific basin.The Arctic continued to warm at about twice the rate compared with lower latitudes. Below-normal summer snowfall, a decreasing trend in surface albedo, and above-average surface and upper air temperatures resulted in a continued pattern of extreme surface melting, and net snow and ice loss on the Greenland ice sheet. Warmer-than-normal temperatures over the Eurasian Arctic in spring resulted in a new record-low June snow cover extent and spring snow cover duration in this region. In the Canadian Arctic, the mass loss from glaciers and ice caps was the greatest since GRACE measurements began in 2002, continuing a negative trend that began in 1987. New record high temperatures occurred at 20 m below the land surface at all permafrost observatories on the North Slope of Alaska, where measurements began in the late 1970s. Arctic sea ice extent in September 2011 was the second-lowest on record, while the extent of old ice (four and five years) reached a new record minimum that was just 19% of normal.On the opposite pole, austral winter and spring tem-peratures were more than 3°C above normal over much of the Antarctic continent.However, winter temperatures were below normal in the northern Antarctic Peninsula, which continued the downward trend there during the last 15 years. In summer, an all-time record high tempera-ture of -12.3°C was set at the South Pole station on 25 December, exceeding the previous record by more than a full degree. Antarctic sea ice extent anomalies increased steadily through much of the year, from briefly setting a record low in April, to well above average in December. The latter trend reflects the dispersive effects of low pres-sure on sea ice and the generally cool conditions around the Antarctic perimeter.Unauthenticated | Downloaded 05/07/21 10:23 AM UTC Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1175/2012BAMSStateoftheClimate.1 VL - 93 IS - 7 SP - 186 EP - 199 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bendix, Jörg A1 - Trachte, Katja A1 - Palacios, Enrique A1 - Rollenbeck, Rütger A1 - Göttlicher, Dietrich A1 - Nauss, Thomas A1 - Bendix, Astrid T1 - El Niño meets La Niña – anomalous rainfall patterns in the “traditional” El Niño region of Southern Ecuador T2 - Erdkunde N2 - In this paper, the central Pacific cold event of 2008 and its exceptionally warm conditions in the eastern tropical Pacific are analyzed by using rainfall data of south Ecuadorian meteorological stations, sea surface temperatures in the El Niño3 and 1+2 regions, and simulations with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. It can be shown that El Niño-like rainfall conditions with severe inundations occur particularly in the coastal plains of southern Ecuador while a central Pacific cold event prevails. In contrary to previous situations, positive rainfall anomalies as a result of El Niño-like conditions in the El Niño1+2 region during the 2008 La Niña event occurred in both regions, the coastal plains and the highlands, for the first time. A detailed analysis of the ocean-atmosphere system during episodes of heavy rainfall reveals typical El Niño circulation and rainfall patterns as observed during previous El Niño events for the coastal area and La Niña-like conditions for the highlands. The spreading of Pacific instability in the Niño1+2 region to the eastern escarpment of the Andes could be the result of a temporary eastward shift of the Walker circulation. The unusual combination of El Niño-like conditions in the eastern tropical Pacific during a La Niña state in the central Pacific is the newest indicator for an impact mode shift regarding severe rainfall anomalies during El Niño/La Niña events in the traditional El Niño area of southern Ecuador since the end of the last century. Since 2000, El Niño events unexpectedly provide below average rainfall while central Pacific La Niña conditions generate exceptional severe flooding in the normally drier coastal plains. The novel sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly dipole structure between the eastern and central/western tropical Pacific and the weakening of El Niño events since 2000 could be due to natural decadal oscillations in the El Niño background state, the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). However, the observed atmospheric patterns and the recent increase of the SST anomaly difference between the central and the eastern tropical Pacific resemble structures that also result from climate change simulations. KW - El Nino KW - La Nina KW - ENSO KW - South Ecuador KW - rainfall anomalies KW - sea surface temperature anomalies Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3112/erdkunde.2011.02.04 VL - 65 IS - 2 SP - 151 EP - 167 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Trachte, Katja A1 - Rollenbeck, Rütger A1 - Bendix, Jörg T1 - Nocturnal convective cloud formation under clear‐sky conditions at the eastern Andes of south Ecuador T2 - Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres N2 - [1] The formation of nocturnal convective clouds at the eastern Andes of south Ecuador and the adjacent Peruvian Amazon basin was investigated in a numerical model study. Their formation is expected to be an interactive procedure of nocturnal downslope flows in the Andean terrain, which forms a concave drainage system in the target area. Satellite imagery were used for both the identification of a sample case with a nocturnal cold cloud appearance and for the verification of the simulated results. The cloud patterns were distinguished on the basis of IR temperatures. A comparison of the data demonstrated the occurrence of a cold cloud shield in the target area, although the modeled cluster is significantly smaller. Further analysis of the development of the convective cells confirmed the assumed underlying processes. A strong current in the lower atmosphere, presumably a drainage flow, was recognizable in association with strong moisture convergence using a cross section through the cluster. Their presence was confirmed on the basis of their characteristic features and the surface energy fluxes as the driving force for thermally induced downslope flows. KW - nocturnal convective clouds KW - downslope winds KW - eastern Andes Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JD014146 VL - 115 IS - D24 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Trachte, Katja A1 - Nauss, Thomas A1 - Bendix, Jörg T1 - The Impact of Different Terrain Configurations on the Formation and Dynamics of Katabatic Flows: Idealised Case Studies T2 - Boundary-Layer Meteorology N2 - Impacts of different terrain configurations on the general behaviour of idealised katabatic flows are investigated in a numerical model study. Various simplified terrain models are applied to unveil modifications of the dynamics of nocturnal cold drainage of air as a result of predefined topographical structures. The generated idealised terrain models encompass all major topographical elements of an area in the tropical eastern Andes of southern Ecuador and northern Peru, and the adjacent Amazon. The idealised simulations corroborate that (i) katabatic flows develop over topographical elements (slopes and valleys), that (ii) confluence of katabatic flows in a lowland basin with a concave terrainline occur, and (iii) a complex drainage flow system regime directed into such a basin can sustain the confluence despite varying slope angles and slope distances. KW - Confluence KW - Katabatic flows KW - Numerical simulation KW - Terrain configuration Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-009-9445-8 VL - 134 IS - 2 SP - 307 EP - 325 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Will, Andreas A1 - Ogaja, Jack T1 - Higher order spatial discretisation methods for non-hydrostatic models of the atmosphere on regular grids T2 - Mathematical Theory and Modelling in Atmosphere-Ocean-Science, Report No. 34/2010 N2 - In turbulence modeling small stencils, conservation of the integrals of motion and high order of approximation of the mathematical operators for filtering and derivatives could be realised ([2]). Nowadays such methods are going to be developed for state of the art atmospheric LAMs. In the following the behaviour in idealised test cases of different numerical approximations of an incompressible model and the current status of the development of a state of the art model ( COSMO) for RCM and NWP is presented. Y1 - 2010 UR - https://pure.mpg.de/rest/items/item_1818781_4/component/file_1818779/content VL - 34 SP - 2089 EP - 2090 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bendix, Jörg A1 - Trachte, Katja A1 - Cermak, Jan A1 - Rollenbeck, Rütger A1 - Nauß, Thomas T1 - Formation of Convective Clouds at the Foothills of the Tropical Eastern Andes (South Ecuador) T2 - Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology N2 - This study examines the seasonal and diurnal dynamics of convective cloud entities—small cells and a mesoscale convective complex–like pattern—in the foothills of the tropical eastern Andes. The investigation is based on Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite-East (GOES-E) satellite imagery (2005–07), images of a scanning X-band rain radar, and data from regular meteorological stations. The work was conducted in the framework of a major ecological research program, the Research Unit 816, in which meteorological instruments are installed in the Rio San Francisco valley, breaching the eastern Andes of south Ecuador. GOES image segmentation to discriminate convective cells and other clouds is performed for a 600 × 600 km2 target area, using the concept of connected component labeling by applying the 8-connectivity scheme as well as thresholds for minimum blackbody temperature, spatial extent, and eccentricity of the extracted components. The results show that the formation of convective clouds in the lowland part of the target area mainly occurs in austral summer during late afternoon. Nocturnal enhancement of cell formation could be observed from October to April (particularly February–April) between 0100 and 0400 LST (LST = UTC − 5 h) in the Andean foothill region of the target area, which is the relatively dry season of the adjacent eastern Andean slopes. Nocturnal cell formation is especially marked southeast of the Rio San Francisco valley in the southeast Andes of Ecuador, where a confluence area of major katabatic outflow systems coincide with a quasi-concave shape of the Andean terrain line. The confluent cold-air drainage flow leads to low-level instability and cellular convection in the warm, moist Amazon air mass. The novel result of the current study is to provide statistical evidence that, under these special topographic situations, katabatic outflow is strong enough to generate mainly mesoscale convective complexes (MCCs) with a great spatial extent. The MCC-like systems often increase in expanse during their mature phase and propagate toward the Andes because of the prevailing upper-air easterlies, causing early morning peaks of rainfall in the valley of the Rio San Francisco. It is striking that MCC formation in the foothill area is clearly reduced during the main rainy season [June–August (JJA)] of the higher eastern Andean slopes. At a first glance, this contradiction can be explained by rainfall persistence in the Rio San Francisco valley, which is clearly lower during the time of convective activity (December–April) in comparison with JJA, during which low-intensity rainfall is released by predominantly advective clouds with greater temporal endurance. KW - Convective clouds KW - Mountain meteorology KW - Diurnal effects Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1175/2009JAMC2078.1 VL - 48 IS - 8 SP - 1682 EP - 1695 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rollenbeck, Rütger A1 - Trachte, Katja A1 - Bendix, Jörg T1 - A New Class of Quality Controls for Micrometeorological Data in Complex Tropical Environments T2 - Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology N2 - Quality control is a particularly demanding problem for micrometeorological studies in complex environments. With the transition to electronic sensing and storage of climate data in high temporal resolution, traditional approaches of homogenization are insufficient for addressing the small-scale variability and spatial heterogeneity of the data. This problem can be successfully addressed by introducing a new class of control procedures based on the physical and climatological relations between different climate variables. The new approach utilizes knowledge about the interdependency of air temperature, precipitation, radiation, relative air humidity, cloud cover, and visibility to develop empirical functions for determining the probability margins for the co-occurrence of specific conditions in tropical mountains and deserts. It can also be applied to other geographic settings by adjusting the parameters derived from the data itself. All procedures are integrated into a processing chain with feedback loops and combined with conventional logical and statistical checks, which enables it to detect small errors that normally pass unnoticed. The algorithms are also adapted to incorporate the short time steps of the original data to retain the potential for detailed process analyses. KW - Geographic location/entity KW - South America KW - Physical Meteorology and Climatology KW - Climate variability KW - Observational techniques and algorithms KW - Data processing KW - Data quality control KW - Quality assurance/control KW - Mathematical and statistical techniques KW - Error analysis Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1175/JTECH-D-15-0062.1 VL - 33 IS - 1 SP - 169 EP - 183 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Makowski Giannoni, Sandro A1 - Rollenbeck, Rütger A1 - Trachte, Katja A1 - Bendix, Jörg T1 - Natural or anthropogenic? On the origin of atmospheric sulfate deposition in the Andes of southeastern Ecuador T2 - Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics N2 - Atmospheric sulfur deposition above certain limits can represent a threat to tropical forests, causing nutrient imbalances and mobilizing toxic elements that impact biodiversity and forest productivity. Atmospheric sources of sulfur deposited by precipitation have been roughly identified in only a few lowland tropical forests. Even scarcer are studies of this type in tropical mountain forests, many of them megadiversity hotspots and especially vulnerable to acidic deposition. In these places, the topographic complexity and related streamflow conditions affect the origin, type, and intensity of deposition. Furthermore, in regions with a variety of natural and anthropogenic sulfur sources, like active volcanoes and biomass burning, no source emission data has been used for determining the contribution of each source to the deposition. The main goal of the current study is to evaluate sulfate (SO−4) deposition by rain and occult precipitation at two topographic locations in a tropical mountain forest of southern Ecuador, and to trace back the deposition to possible emission sources applying back-trajectory modeling. To link upwind natural (volcanic) and anthropogenic (urban/industrial and biomass-burning) sulfur emissions and observed sulfate deposition, we employed state-of-the-art inventory and satellite data, including volcanic passive degassing as well. We conclude that biomass-burning sources generally dominate sulfate deposition at the evaluated sites. Minor sulfate transport occurs during the shifting of the predominant winds to the north and west. Occult precipitation sulfate deposition and likely rain sulfate deposition are mainly linked to biomass-burning emissions from the Amazon lowlands. Volcanic and anthropogenic emissions from the north and west contribute to occult precipitation sulfate deposition at the mountain crest Cerro del Consuelo meteorological station and to rain-deposited sulfate at the upriver mountain pass El Tiro meteorological station. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-11297-2014 VL - 14 IS - 20 SP - 11297 EP - 11312 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yi, L. A1 - Zhang, S.P. A1 - Thies, B. A1 - Shi, X.M. A1 - Trachte, Katja A1 - Bendix, Jörg T1 - Spatio-temporal detection of fog and low stratus top heights over the Yellow Sea with geostationary satellite data as a precondition for ground fog detection — A feasibility study T2 - Atmospheric Research N2 - An accurate cloud top retrieval from geostationary (GEO) and low earth orbit (LEO) platforms is still a pending problem. This particularly holds for low level clouds. Furthermore, cloud top height is a crucial parameter to calculate cloud immersion of underlying terrain from GEO/LEO data and thus, for the discrimination between low level stratus and ground fog, where the latter is a main obstruction for air, land and sea traffic. All problems are particularly evident for ocean areas such as the Yellow Sea where no ground observations are available. In this paper, a novel method is presented to retrieve low stratus/fog top heights with special reference to the Yellow Sea and its surroundings, based on GEO data of MTSAT-1 and MTSAT-2 (JAMI sensor) and LEO data (MODIS sensor on Terra and Aqua) using the infrared (IR) water vapor and split-window bands. Two cases with very good data coverage are discussed where the retrieved low stratus/fog heights are compared to CALIPSO cloud top heights, and simulated data using the mesoscale model WRF. The comparison of JAMI retrievals with the spatial data sources used shows an encouraging accuracy (root-mean-square error, RMSE, around 300 m) in comparison to other retrieval schemes base on IR data hitherto published. A validation of the retrievals for the position of two radiosonde stations using available sounding data of seven foggy days revealed an even better performance with an average deviation of 184 m (standard deviation of 132 m). However, the validation revealed that the application of the underlying equations to retrieve inversion strength and thickness under foggy conditions would need some adjustments because the equations taken from the work of Liu and Key (2003) were originally developed for clear sky situations. Thus, the adaptation of the original scheme during future work should especially address cloudy conditions under moderate inversion strengths which could lead to an improvement of the retrieval accuracy. KW - Fog/low stratus top heights KW - Sea fog KW - Yellow Sea KW - Satellite retrieval KW - MTSAT KW - MODIS Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2014.03.020 SN - 0169-8095 VL - 151 SP - 212 EP - 223 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Trachte, Katja A1 - Obregon, Andre A1 - Bissolli, Peter A1 - Nitsche, Helga A1 - Parker, David A1 - Kennedy, John A1 - Kendon, Michael A1 - Trigo, Ricardo M. A1 - Barriopedro, David A1 - Ramos, A. A1 - Sensoy, Serhat A1 - Hovhannisyan, Diana T1 - Regional climates. Europe and the Middle East T2 - State of the Climate in 2013, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society N2 - In 2013, the vast majority of the monitored climate variables reported here maintained trends established in recent decades. ENSO was in a neutral state during the entire year, remaining mostly on the cool side of neutral with modest impacts on regional weather patterns around the world. This follows several years dominated by the effects of either La Niña or El Niño events. According to several independent analyses, 2013 was again among the 10 warmest years on record at the global scale, both at the Earth’s surface and through the troposphere. Some regions in the Southern Hemisphere had record or near-record high temperatures for the year. Australia observed its hottest year on record, while Argentina and New Zealand reported their second and third hottest years, respectively. In Antarctica, Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station reported its highest annual temperature since records began in 1957. At the opposite pole, the Arctic observed its seventh warmest year since records began in the early 20th century. At 20-m depth, record high temperatures were measured at some permafrost stations on the North Slope of Alaska and in the Brooks Range. In the Northern Hemisphere extratropics, anomalous meridional atmospheric circulation occurred throughout much of the year, leading to marked regional extremes of both temperature and precipitation. Cold temperature anomalies during winter across Eurasia were followed by warm spring temperature anomalies, which were linked to a new record low Eurasian snow cover extent in May. Minimum sea ice extent in the Arctic was the sixth lowest since satellite observations began in 1979. Including 2013, all seven lowest extents on record have occurred in the past seven years. Antarctica, on the other hand, had above-average sea ice extent throughout 2013, with 116 days of new daily high extent records, including a new daily maximum sea ice area of 19.57 million km2 reached on 1 October. ENSO-neutral conditions in the eastern central Pacific Ocean and a negative Pacific decadal oscillation pattern in the North Pacific had the largest impacts on the global sea surface temperature in 2013. The North Pacific reached a historic high temperature in 2013 and on balance the globally-averaged sea surface temperature was among the 10 highest on record. Overall, the salt content in nearsurface ocean waters increased while in intermediate waters it decreased. Global mean sea level continued to rise during 2013, on pace with a trend of 3.2 mm yr-1 over the past two decades. A portion of this trend (0.5 mm yr-1) has been attributed to natural variability associated with the Pacific decadal oscillation as well as to ongoing contributions from the melting of glaciers and ice sheets and ocean warming. Global tropical cyclone frequency during 2013 was slightly above average with a total of 94 storms, although the North Atlantic Basin had its quietest hurricane season since 1994. In the Western North Pacific Basin, Super Typhoon Haiyan, the deadliest tropical cyclone of 2013, had 1-minute sustained winds estimated to be 170 kt (87.5 m s-1) on 7 November, the highest wind speed ever assigned to a tropical cyclone. High storm surge was also associated with Haiyan as it made landfall over the central Philippines, an area where sea level is currently at historic highs, increasing by 200 mm since 1970. In the atmosphere, carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide all continued to increase in 2013. As in previous years, each of these major greenhouse gases once again reached historic high concentrations. In the Arctic, carbon dioxide and methane increased at the same rate as the global increase. These increases are likely due to export from lower latitudes rather than a consequence of increases in Arctic sources, such as thawing permafrost. At Mauna Loa, Hawaii, for the first time since measurements began in 1958, the daily average mixing ratio of carbon dioxide exceeded 400 ppm on 9 May. The state of these variables, along with dozens of others, and the 2013 climate conditions of regions around the world are discussed in further detail in this 24th edition of the State of the Climate series. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1175/2014BAMSStateoftheClimate.1 VL - 95 IS - 7 SP - 181 EP - 193 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krause, Norman A1 - Ballaschk, Cindy A1 - Schulze-Reichelt, Friederike A1 - Kansok-Dusche, Julia A1 - Wachs, Sebastian A1 - Schubarth, Wilfried A1 - Bilz, Ludwig T1 - „Ich lass mich da nicht klein machen!“ Eine qualitative Studie zur Bewältigung von Hatespeech durch Schüler/innen T2 - Zeitschrift für Bildungsforschung N2 - Von Hass und Hetze geprägte Kommunikationsformen im Internet stehen seit einigen Jahren im Fokus der öffentlichen Aufmerksamkeit. Kaum beachtet wurden bisher jedoch die Fragen, ob sich solche als Hatespeech bezeichneten Ausdrucksweisen auch in der Schule zeigen und wie Schüler/innen derartige Vorfälle bewerten und bewältigen. Um Antworten auf diese Fragen zu finden, wurden 21 leitfadengestützte, episodische Interviews (nach Flick) mit Jugendlichen aus Berlin und Brandenburg zu ihren Erfahrungen und Bewältigungsstrategien in Bezug auf Hatespeech im schulischen Kontext ausgewertet. Die Ergebnisse machen deutlich, dass Hatespeech-Erfahrungen von Schüler/innen als belastend wahrgenommen und die eigenen Potenziale zur Bewältigung individuell und situativ unterschiedlich bewertet werden. Insbesondere die subjektive Beeinflussbarkeit bzw. Kontrollierbarkeit des stressauslösenden Hatespeech-Vorfalls sowie die soziale Unterstützung im Setting der Schulklasse scheinen sich auf die Bewältigung auszuwirken. Die berichteten Bewältigungsstrategien lassen sich, dem Transaktionalen Stressmodell entsprechend, in emotionsfokussiert (Einbezug sozialer Unterstützung, Verdrängung und Vermeidung) und problemfokussiert (aktives Ignorieren und Counterspeech) kategorisieren. Die Ergebnisse stützen Forderungen nach Präventionsarbeit in Schulen. Schüler/innen sollten dabei als Expert/innen der Lebenswelt Schule einbezogen werden. Außerdem scheinen Maßnahmen zur Stärkung sozialer und personaler Ressourcen sinnvoll zu sein, um konstruktive Bewältigungsstrategien zu ermöglichen. Zur Konkretisierung und Quantifizierung der Forschungsergebnisse ist weitere Forschung notwendig. KW - Hate Speech KW - Hassrede KW - Bewältigung KW - Schule KW - Diskriminierung Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s35834-021-00291-w SN - 2190-6904 SN - 2190-6890 VL - 11 SP - 169 EP - 185 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Juhlke, Tobias R. A1 - Geldern, Robert van A1 - Barth, Johannes A. C. A1 - Bendix, Jörg A1 - Bräuning, Achim A1 - Garel, Emilie A1 - Häusser, Martin A1 - Huneau, Frédéric A1 - Knerr, Isabel A1 - Santoni, Sébastien A1 - Szymczak, Sonja A1 - Trachte, Katja T1 - Temporal offset between precipitation and water uptake of Mediterranean pine trees varies with elevation and season T2 - Science of the Total Environment N2 - For climate models that use paleo-environment data to predict future climate change, tree-ring isotope variations are one important archive for the reconstruction of paleo-hydrological conditions. Due to the rather complicated pathway of water, starting from precipitation until its uptake by trees and the final incorporation of its components into tree-ring cellulose, a closer inspection of seasonal variations of tree water uptake is important. In this study, branch and needle samples of two pine species (Pinus pinaster and Pinus nigra subsp. laricio) and several water compartments (precipitation, creek, soil) were sampled over a two-year period and analyzed for the temporal variations of their oxygen and hydrogen stable isotope ratios (δ18O and δ2H) at five sites over an elevation gradient from sea level to around 1600 m a.s.l. on the Mediterranean island of Corsica (France). A new model was established to disentangle temporal relationships of source water uptake of trees. It uses a calculation method that incorporates the two processes mostly expected to affect source water composition: mixing of waters and evaporation. The model results showed that the temporal offset from precipitation to water uptake is not constant and varies with elevation and season. Overall, seasonal source water origin was shown to be dominated by precipitation from autumn and spring. While autumn precipitation was a more important water source for trees growing at mid- (~800–1000 m a.s.l) and high-elevation (~1600 m a.s.l.) sites, trees at coastal sites mostly took up water from late winter and spring. These findings show that predicted decreases in precipitation amounts during the wet season in the Mediterranean can have strong impacts on water availability for pine trees, especially at higher elevations. KW - Oxygen isotopes KW - Hydrogen isotopes KW - Mediterranean KW - Soil water KW - Water uptake KW - Pine trees Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142539 VL - 755 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Urgilés, Gabriela A1 - Célleri, Rolando A1 - Trachte, Katja A1 - Bendix, Jörg A1 - Orellana-Alvear, Johanna T1 - Clustering of Rainfall Types Using Micro Rain Radar and Laser Disdrometer Observations in the Tropical Andes T2 - Remote Sensing N2 - Lack of rainfall information at high temporal resolution in areas with a complex topography as the Tropical Andes is one of the main obstacles to study its rainfall dynamics. Furthermore, rainfall types (e.g., stratiform, convective) are usually defined by using thresholds of some rainfall characteristics such as intensity and velocity. However, these thresholds highly depend on the local climate and the study area. In consequence, these thresholds are a constraining factor for the rainfall class definitions because they cannot be generalized. Thus, this study aims to analyze rainfall-event types by using a data-driven clustering approach based on the k-means algorithm that allows accounting for the similarities of rainfall characteristics of each rainfall type. It was carried out using three years of data retrieved from a vertically pointing Micro Rain Radar (MRR) and a laser disdrometer. The results show two main rainfall types (convective and stratiform) in the area which highly differ in their rainfall features. In addition, a mixed type was found as a subgroup of the stratiform type. The stratiform type was found more frequently throughout the year. Furthermore, rainfall events of short duration (less than 70 min) were prevalent in the study area. This study will contribute to analyze the rainfall formation processes and the vertical profile. KW - rainfall types KW - k-means KW - micro rain radar KW - laser disdrometer KW - rainfall characteristics KW - tropical Andes Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13050991 VL - 13 IS - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Block, Alexander A1 - Keuler, Klaus A1 - Schaller, Eberhard T1 - Impacts of anthropogenic heat on regional climate patterns T2 - Geophysical Research Letters N2 - [1] Four different simulations of a winter period in Central Europe are carried out to investigate the principle effect of anthropogenic heat release from the highly industrialized and populated Ruhrarea region (Germany) on regional climate conditions. The results reveal a permanent warming due to anthropogenic heat emissions over affected areas ranging from 0.15 K over land area with an additional 2 W m−2 anthropogenic heat flux up to 0.5 K over the Ruhrarea with additional 20 W m−2 anthropogenic heat flux. The temperature effects induced by anthropogenic heat not only depend on the amount of added heat but also on orographical factors. No significant variations are found for precipitation. Y1 - 2004 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1029/2004GL019852 VL - 31 IS - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Böhm, Uwe A1 - Kücken, Martin A1 - Hauffe, Detlef A1 - Gerstengarbe, F.-W. A1 - Werner, P. C. A1 - Flechsig, Michael A1 - Keuler, Klaus A1 - Block, Alexander A1 - Ahrens, Wilfried A1 - Nocke, Th. T1 - Reliability of regional climate model simulations of extremes and of long-term climate T2 - Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences N2 - We present two case studies that demonstrate how a common evaluation methodology can be used to assess the reliability of regional climate model simulations from different fields of research. In Case I, we focused on the agricultural yield loss risk for maize in Northeastern Brazil during a drought linked to an El-Niño event. In Case II, the present-day regional climatic conditions in Europe for a 10-year period are simulated. To comprehensively evaluate the model results for both kinds of investigations, we developed a general methodology. On its basis, we elaborated and implemented modules to assess the quality of model results using both advanced visualization techniques and statistical algorithms. Besides univariate approaches for individual near-surface parameters, we used multivariate statistics to investigate multiple near-surface parameters of interest together. For the latter case, we defined generalized quality measures to quantify the model's accuracy. Furthermore, we elaborated a diagnosis tool applicable for atmospheric variables to assess the model's accuracy in representing the physical processes above the surface under various aspects. By means of this evaluation approach, it could be demonstrated in Case Study I that the accuracy of the applied regional climate model resides at the same level as that we found for another regional model and a global model. Excessive precipitation during the rainy season in coastal regions could be identified as a major contribution leading to this result. In Case Study II, we also identified the accuracy of the investigated mean characteristics for near-surface temperature and precipitation to be comparable to another regional model. In this case, an artificial modulation of the used initial and boundary data during preprocessing could be identified as the major source of error in the simulation. Altogether, the achieved results for the presented investigations indicate the potential of our methodology to be applied as a common test bed to different fields of research in regional climate modeling. Y1 - 2004 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-4-417-2004 VL - 4 IS - 3 SP - 417 EP - 431 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wilcke, Wolfgang A1 - Leimer, Sophia A1 - Peters, Thorsten A1 - Emck, Paul A1 - Rollenbeck, Rütger A1 - Trachte, Katja A1 - Valarezo, Carlos T1 - The nitrogen cycle of tropical montane forest in Ecuador turns inorganic under environmental change T2 - Global Biogeochemical Cycles N2 - [1] Water‐bound nitrogen (N) cycling in temperate terrestrial ecosystems of the Northern Hemisphere is today mainly inorganic because of anthropogenic release of reactive N to the environment. In little‐industrialized and remote areas, in contrast, a larger part of N cycling occurs as dissolved organic N (DON). In a north Andean tropical montane forest in Ecuador, the N cycle changed markedly during 1998–2010 along with increasing N deposition and reduced soil moisture. The DON concentrations and the fractional contribution of DON to total N significantly decreased in rainfall, throughfall, and soil solutions. This inorganic turn of the N cycle was most pronounced in rainfall and became weaker along the flow path of water through the system until it disappeared in stream water. Decreasing organic contributions to N cycling were caused not only by increasing inorganic N input but also by reduced DON production and/or enhanced DON decomposition. Accelerated DON decomposition might be attributable to less waterlogging and higher nutrient availability. Significantly increasing NO3‐N concentrations and NO3‐N/NH4‐N concentration ratios in throughfall and litter leachate below the thick organic layers indicated increasing nitrification. In mineral soil solutions, in contrast, NH4‐N concentrations increased and NO3‐N/NH4‐N concentration ratios decreased significantly, suggesting increasing net ammonification. Our results demonstrate that the remote tropical montane forests on the rim of the Amazon basin experienced a pronounced change of the N cycle in only one decade. This change likely parallels a similar change which followed industrialization in the temperate zone of the Northern Hemisphere more than a century ago. KW - nitrogen deposition KW - climate change KW - dissolved organic nitrogen KW - nitrogen turnover KW - ecosystem solutions Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/2012GB004471 VL - 27 IS - 4 SP - 1194 EP - 1204 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Trachte, Katja A1 - Bendix, Jörg T1 - Katabatic Flows and Their Relation to the Formation of Convective Clouds—Idealized Case Studies T2 - Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology N2 - The formation of a convective cloud system as a result of a katabatic-induced surface cold front at the eastern Andes Mountains of South America was investigated in a numerical model study. The occurrence of this cloud system is hypothesized to be a consequence of converging cold-air drainage from slopes and valleys resulting from the concave shape of the terrain. Simplified terrain configurations were applied to three different atmospheric experiments to determine the influence of the terrain and the ambient stratification on the underlying processes. The simulation demonstrated the occurrence of a convective cloud, but not in every simulation. The initial stable stratification experiment did not initiate convective activity. Further analysis of the development of the convective cells confirmed the terrain’s impact, but it also showed a dependence on atmospheric conditions. The katabatic flows and the surface fluxes from which they are induced are sensitive to the ambient stratification, which was seen when only a weak cold front developed in response to a decrease in the surface inversion and the downslope velocity. On the basis of specific characteristics of katabatic flows and the heat-exchange budget, the presence of these flows and their significance as the driving force behind the cloud-formation process were confirmed. KW - South America KW - Convection KW - Density currents KW - Downslope winds KW - Topographic effects KW - Cumulus clouds Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1175/JAMC-D-11-0184.1 VL - 51 IS - 8 SP - 1531 EP - 1546 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Li, Zheng A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut T1 - Statistischer Maßstabseffekt und seine Bedeutung für die Zuverlässigkeit im Stahlbau,Teil 1 – Modell und Versuch T2 - Bautechnik Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/bate.202000030 VL - 97 IS - 11 SP - 766 EP - 772 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Li, Zheng A1 - Loebjinski, Maria A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut T1 - Statistischer Maßstabseffekt und seine Bedeutung für die Zuverlässigkeit im Stahlbau, Teil 2‐ Zuverlässigkeitsanalyse T2 - Bautechnik Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/bate.202000031 VL - 97 IS - 11 SP - 773 EP - 779 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Li, Zheng A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Robra, Jörgen T1 - Tragverhalten von Wellstegträgern mit kreisförmigem Öffnungskranz T2 - Bauingenieur Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.37544/0005-6650-2021-04-50 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 96 IS - 4 SP - 114 EP - 120 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Petryk, Dmytro A1 - Dyka, Zoya A1 - Langendörfer, Peter T1 - Sensitivity of Standard Library Cells to Optical Fault Injection Attacks in IHP 250 nm Technology T2 - Mediterranean Conference on Embedded Computing (MECO 2020) Y1 - 2020 SN - 978-1-7281-6949-1 SN - 978-1-7281-6947-7 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/MECO49872.2020.9134146 SN - 2637-9511 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Szymczak, Sonja A1 - Barth, Johannes A. C. A1 - Bendix, Jörg A1 - Huneau, Frédéric A1 - Garel, Emilie A1 - Häusser, Martin A1 - Juhlke, Tobias R. A1 - Knerr, Isabel A1 - Santoni, Sébastien A1 - Mayr, Christoph C. A1 - Trachte, Katja A1 - Geldern, Robert van A1 - Bräuning, Achim T1 - First indications of seasonal and spatial variations of water sources in pine trees along an elevation gradient in a Mediterranean ecosystem derived from δ18O T2 - Chemical Geology N2 - Water availability is the most important factor for the vitality of forest ecosystems, especially in dry environments. The Mediterranean region is one of the hotspots of future climate change; therefore, data on the water cycle are urgently needed. We measured oxygen isotope compositions in creek water, precipitation, stem water, needle water, and tree-ring cellulose over one growing season to establish the relationship between isotope compositions in different compartments along a fractionation pathway. We analyzed plant material from pine trees (Pinus nigra J.F. Arn subsp. laricio (Poiret) Maire var. Corsicana Hyl. and Pinus pinaster Aiton) at five locations along an elevation gradient from sea level to 1600 m asl. We traced back the oxygen isotope composition from source to sink in tree-ring cellulose in order to identify the water sources used by the trees, and to quantify the extent of isotope fractionation processes. Our results showed that the trees used different water sources over the course of the growing season, ranging from winter snow meltwater to summer precipitation at higher sites and deep soil water reservoirs at coastal sites. Needle water enrichment was higher at higher elevation sites than at coastal locations, highlighting the importance of site-specific climate conditions on the isotopic composition values in tree material. Water availability seems to be most restricted at the highest site, making these trees most vulnerable to climate change. KW - Oxygen isotopes KW - Pinus nigra KW - Pinus pinaster KW - Needle water enrichment KW - Xylem water KW - Water source Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2020.119695 VL - 2020 IS - 549 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Natarov, Roman A1 - Sudakov, Oleksandr A1 - Dyka, Zoya A1 - Kabin, Ievgen A1 - Maksymyuk, O. A1 - Iegorova, O. A1 - Krishtal, Oleg A. A1 - Langendörfer, Peter T1 - Resilience Aspects in Distributed Wireless Electroencephalographic Sampling T2 - 2020 9th Mediterranean Conference on Embedded Computing (MECO) Y1 - 2020 SN - 978-1-7281-6949-1 SN - 978-1-7281-6947-7 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/MECO49872.2020.9134157 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Petryk, Dmytro A1 - Dyka, Zoya A1 - Pérez, Eduardo A1 - Mahadevaiah, Mamathamba Kalishettyhalli A1 - Kabin, Ievgen A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Langendörfer, Peter T1 - Evaluation of the Sensitivity of RRAM Cells to Optical Fault Injection Attacks T2 - EUROMICRO Conference on Digital System Design (DSD 2020), Special Session: Architecture and Hardware for Security Applications (AHSA) Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-1-7281-9535-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/DSD51259.2020.00047 SN - 978-1-7281-9536-0 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Natarov, Roman A1 - Dyka, Zoya A1 - Bohovyk, R. A1 - Fedoriuk, M. A1 - Isaev, Dmytro S. A1 - Sudakov, Oleksandr A1 - Maksymyuk, O. A1 - Krishtal, Oleg A. A1 - Langendörfer, Peter T1 - Artefacts in EEG Signals Epileptic Seizure Prediction using Edge Devices T2 - International Conference on Cyber-Physical Systems and Internet-of-Things (CPS & IoT 2020) Y1 - 2020 SN - 978-1-7281-6949-1 SN - 978-1-7281-6950-7 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/MECO49872.2020.9134076 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bauer, David A1 - Beyer, Elke A1 - Elsner, Lucas A1 - Hagemann, Anke A1 - Haid, Christian A1 - Marekov, Katerina A1 - Ryan, Aine A1 - Steigemann, Anna A1 - Thanhäuser, Ludwig T1 - Die globale Fabrik. Räume der Logistik und die letzte Meile In Berlin-Brandenburg T2 - ARCH+ N2 - Die Infrastrukturen der Konsumgüterlogistik, die die Versorgung innerstädtischer Einkaufs­straßen und privater Haushalte ermöglichen, tragen maßgeblich zur Ausdehnung des Berlin-Brandenburgischen Ballungsraums bei. Gleichzeitig beeinflusst die Nachfrage nach global produzierten Gütern auch Verstädterungs­prozesse an anderen Enden der Lieferketten. Aktuell stehen in der durch die COVID-19-­Pandemie verursachten Krise weite Teile der Produktionslogistik still, während der Versand­handel an seine Kapazitätsgrenzen stößt und Arbeiter*innen aufgrund der Infektionsgefahr in Logistikzentren ihre Arbeit niederlegen.[1] Es erscheint dringlicher denn je, die weltweite Interdependenz von Räumen der Waren­produktion und Zirkulation aus der Sicht von Architektur und Stadtplanung zu reflektieren. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://archplus.net/de/archiv/ausgabe/241/ SN - 0587-3452 VL - 12 IS - 241 SP - 194 EP - 207 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vogelgsang, Lukas T1 - Transition rather than balance: Organizing constraints for collective creativity in pharmaceutical development T2 - Creativity and Innovation Management Journal N2 - When it comes to organizing for collective creativity, management scholars typically advise balancing between constraint and freedom. However, this suggestion to balance is often too enigmatic in practice, neglects the dynamics inherent in creative processes, and predominantly highlights the inhibiting aspects of constraints. Thus, the present article aims to rethink this balancing proposition by asking how constraints unfold during collective creative processes. Based on four cases of pharmaceutical development, it illustrates how collective creativity is enabled by constraints from two distinct sources, namely restraint and contingency. The article further shows how and why these constraint sources alternate along the development trajectory. While constraints can enable collective creativity, phases of constraint transition are eventually necessary to revitalize the development process. Building upon these findings, the article concludes that organizing constraints for collective creativity is a matter of transition rather than balance. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/caim.12391 VL - 29 IS - 3 SP - 413 EP - 423 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knorr, Alexander G. A1 - Gravot, Céline M. A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Straka, Hans T1 - Image motion with color contrast suffices to elicit an optokinetic reflex in Xenopus laevis tadpoles T2 - Scientific Reports N2 - The optokinetic reflex is a closed-loop gaze-stabilizing ocular motor reaction that minimizes residual retinal image slip during vestibulo-ocular reflexes. In experimental isolation, the reflex is usually activated by motion of an achromatic large-field visual background with strong influence of radiance contrast on visual motion estimation and behavioral performance. The presence of color in natural environments, however, suggests that chromatic cues of visual scenes provide additional parameters for image motion detection. Here, we employed Xenopus laevis tadpoles to study the influence of color cues on the performance of the optokinetic reflex and multi-unit optic nerve discharge during motion of a large-field visual scene. Even though the amplitude of the optokinetic reflex decreases with smaller radiance contrast, considerable residual eye movements persist at the ‘point of equiluminance’ of the colored stimuli. Given the color motion preferences of individual optic nerve fibers, the underlying computation potentially originates in retinal circuits. Differential retinal ganglion cell projections and associated ocular motor signal transformation might further reinforce the color dependency in conceptual correspondence with head/body optomotor signaling. Optokinetic reflex performance under natural light conditions is accordingly influenced by radiance contrast as well as by the color composition of the moving visual scene. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-87835-2 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hübel, Hartwig A1 - Vollrath, Bastian T1 - Effect of stress stiffness on elastic-plastic strain range T2 - International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping N2 - Many pressure vessel and piping components have to withstand high internal pressures and are therefore thick-walled so that geometric effects such as stress stiffening need not be accounted for. However, thin-walled or moderately thick structures may be sensitive to these effects. Design Codes such as the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code usually provide little guidance on when they are to be accounted for. In the opinion of the authors, this effect deserves more attention. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to illuminate the effect of stress stiffening by investigating some examples, with particular attention to elastic-plastic strain ranges and the plastic strain range enhancement factor Ke used for fatigue analyses. KW - Ke KW - Elbow KW - Strain range KW - Stress stiffening KW - Plasticity KW - Twice Yield Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308016121001174?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpvp.2021.104421 SN - 0308-0161 VL - 192 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Szymczak, Sonja A1 - Häusser, Martin A1 - Garel, Emilie A1 - Santoni, Sébastien A1 - Huneau, Frédéric A1 - Knerr, Isabel A1 - Trachte, Katja A1 - Bendix, Jörg T1 - How Do Mediterranean Pine Trees Respond to Drought and Precipitation Events along an Elevation Gradient T2 - Forests N2 - Drought is a major factor limiting tree growth and plant vitality. In the Mediterranean region,the length and intensity of drought stress strongly varies with altitude and site conditions. We usedelectronic dendrometers to analyze the response of two native pine species to drought and precipitationevents. The five study sites were located along an elevation gradient on the Mediterranean islandof Corsica (France). Positive stem increment in the raw dendrometer measurements was separatedinto radial stem growth and stem swelling/shrinkage in order to determine which part of the trees’response to climate signals can be attributed to growth. Precipitation events of at least 5 mm anddry periods of at least seven consecutive days without precipitation were determined over a periodof two years. Seasonal dynamics of stem circumference changes were highly variable among thefive study sites. At higher elevations, seasonal tree growth showed patterns characteristic for coldenvironments, while low-elevation sites showed bimodal growth patterns characteristic of droughtprone areas. The response to precipitation events was uniform and occurred within the first six hoursafter the beginning of a precipitation event. The majority of stem circumference increases were causedby radial growth, not by stem swelling due to water uptake. Growth-induced stem circumferenceincrease occurred at three of the five sites even during dry periods, which could be attributed tostored water reserves within the trees or the soils. Trees at sites with soils of low water-holdingcapacity were most vulnerable to dry periods. KW - dendrometer; stem circumference changes; climate response; Mediterranean;Pinus nigra;Pinus pinaster Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/f11070758 VL - 7 IS - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knopp, Lothar T1 - Eingriff in die Hochschulautonomie verfassungswidrig? - mit einem Fokus auf den neuen § 8a BbgHG T2 - Landes- und Kommunalverwaltung – LKV Y1 - 2021 SN - 0939-0014 VL - 2021 IS - 2 SP - 49 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schneehagen, Erik W. A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Sarradj, Ennes A1 - Moreau, Danielle J. T1 - Aeroacoustic noise reduction by application of end plates on wall‑mounted finite airfoils T2 - Experiments in Fluids Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-021-03204-9 SN - 0723-4864 SN - 1432-1114 VL - 62 IS - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bendix, Jörg A1 - Aguire, Nicolay A1 - Beck, Erwin A1 - Bräuning, Achim A1 - Brandl, Roland A1 - Breuer, Lutz A1 - Böhning‑Gaese, Katrin A1 - Paula, Mateus Dantas de A1 - Hickler, Thomas A1 - Homeier, Jürgen A1 - Inclan, Diego A1 - Leuschner, Christoph A1 - Neuschulz, Eike L. A1 - Schleuning, Matthias A1 - Suarez, Juan P. A1 - Trachte, Katja A1 - Wilcke, Wolfgang A1 - Windhorst, David A1 - Farwig, Nina T1 - A research framework for projecting ecosystem change in highly diverse tropical mountain ecosystems T2 - Oecologia N2 - Tropical mountain ecosystems are threatened by climate and land-use changes. Their diversity and complexity make projections how they respond to environmental changes challenging. A suitable way are trait-based approaches, by distinguishing between response traits that determine the resistance of species to environmental changes and effect traits that are relevant for species' interactions, biotic processes, and ecosystem functions. The combination of those approaches with land surface models (LSM) linking the functional community composition to ecosystem functions provides new ways to project the response of ecosystems to environmental changes. With the interdisciplinary project RESPECT, we propose a research framework that uses a trait-based response-effect-framework (REF) to quantify relationships between abiotic conditions, the diversity of functional traits in communities, and associated biotic processes, informing a biodiversity-LSM. We apply the framework to a megadiverse tropical mountain forest. We use a plot design along an elevation and a land-use gradient to collect data on abiotic drivers, functional traits, and biotic processes. We integrate these data to build the biodiversity-LSM and illustrate how to test the model. REF results show that aboveground biomass production is not directly related to changing climatic conditions, but indirectly through associated changes in functional traits. Herbivory is directly related to changing abiotic conditions. The biodiversity-LSM informed by local functional trait and soil data improved the simulation of biomass production substantially. We conclude that local data, also derived from previous projects (platform Ecuador), are key elements of the research framework. We specify essential datasets to apply this framework to other mountain ecosystems. KW - Biodiversity-land surface model KW - Functional traits KW - High mountains KW - Research framework KW - Response-effect-framework Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-021-04852-8 SN - 0029-8549 SN - 1432-1939 VL - 195 IS - 3 SP - 589 EP - 600 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmailzl, Georg J. G. A1 - Hübner, Michael T1 - From the Internet of Things to an Internet of Services in Healthcare T2 - Enhanced Telemedicine and e-Health Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-3-030-70110-9 SN - 978-3-030-70111-6 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70111-6_7 SN - 1860-0808 SP - 141 EP - 153 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Feldmann, Anja A1 - Gasser, Oliver A1 - Lichtblau, Franziska A1 - Pujol, Enric A1 - Poese, Ingmar A1 - Dietzel, Christoph A1 - Wagner, Daniel A1 - Wichtlhuber, Matthias A1 - Tapiador, Juan A1 - Vallina-Rodriguez, Narseo A1 - Hohlfeld, Oliver A1 - Smaragdakis, Georgios T1 - A Year in Lockdown: How the Waves of COVID-19 Impact Internet Traffic T2 - Communications of the ACM Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3465212 SN - 1557-7317 VL - 64 IS - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Küpper, Patrick A1 - Mettenberger, Tobias T1 - Regionale Anpassungsstrategien der Daseinsvorsorge für schrumpfende ländliche Räume. T2 - Europa Regional N2 - Gerade ländliche Regionen, deren Bevölkerungszahl und Wirtschaftskraft schrumpfen, stehen vor großen Herausforderungen, die Daseinsvorsorge zu sichern. Dort sind einerseits der Veränderungsdruck besonders hoch und andererseits die Ressourcen und Kapazitäten zur Anpassung besonders gering. Vor diesem Hintergrund gibt es aktuell zahlreiche politische Diskussionen und Initiativen, um diesen Regionen zu helfen und damit gleichwertige Lebensverhältnisse zu gewährleisten. Daher untersuchen wir die folgende Forschungsfrage: In welchen Regionen bestehen besondere Herausforderungen zur Anpassung der Daseinsvorsorge und was lässt sich aus den aktuellen Erfahrungen mit regionalen Strategien lernen? Zunächst wird sekundärstatistisch gezeigt, dass lediglich ein kleiner Teil der ländlichen Regionen in den letzten 15 Jahren von deutlicher Schrumpfung betroffen war. Auch wenn Schrumpfung mit geringerer Ausstattung der Daseinsvorsorge einhergeht, bestehen Unterschiede zwischen den Schrumpfungsregionen hinsichtlich „objektiver“ Problemkonstellationen. Hinzu kommt, dass das bloße Fehlen von Angeboten keinesfalls mit einer negativen Bewertung der Angebotssituation seitens der Bevölkerung übereinstimmen muss. Um aktuelle Anpassungsstrategien zu untersuchen, werden anschließend konkrete Praxisbeispiele aus dem Modellvorhaben Land(auf)Schwung ausgewertet. Dabei zeigt sich, dass die Stärkung des bürgerschaftlichen Engagements und die Nutzung neuer Möglichkeiten der Digitalisierung in vielen der 13 beteiligten Regionen verfolgt werden. Die Analyse verdeutlicht aber auch die Grenzen beider Strategien, die vor allem im hohen Unterstützungsbedarf der Engagierten bzw. in Widerständen von Personal und Nutzern der Daseinsvorsorgeangebote bestehen. Abschließend werden Handlungsempfehlungen zur räumlichen und inhaltlichen Fokussierung von Förderinstrumenten gegeben und eine Stärkung der kommunalen Finanzausstattung als besonders effiziente Handlungsoption empfohlen. KW - Ländliche Entwicklung KW - Förderinstrumente KW - Bedarfsanalyse KW - bürgerschaftliches Engagement KW - Digitalisierung Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.ssoar.info/ssoar/handle/document/72061 SN - 0943-7142 VL - 26 IS - 3 SP - 22 EP - 39 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knopp, Lothar T1 - Eskalation des Dilettantismus ‒ zum (partiellen) Staatsversagen T2 - NVwZ Y1 - 2019 UR - https://rsw.beck.de/cms/?toc=NVwZ.1205 IS - 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rennie, Nicola A1 - Cleophas, Catherine A1 - Sykulski, Adam A1 - Dost, Florian T1 - Identifying and responding to outlier demand in revenue management T2 - European Journal of Operational Research N2 - Revenue management strongly relies on accurate forecasts. Thus, when extraordinary events cause outlier demand, revenue management systems need to recognise this and adapt both forecast and controls. Many passenger transport service providers, such as railways and airlines, control the sale of tickets through revenue management. State-of-the-art systems in these industries rely on analyst expertise to identify outlier demand both online (within the booking horizon) and offline (in hindsight). So far, little research focuses on automating and evaluating the detection of outlier demand in this context. To remedy this, we propose a novel approach, which detects outliers using functional data analysis in combination with time series extrapolation. We evaluate the approach in a simulation framework, which generates outliers by varying the demand model. The results show that functional outlier detection yields better detection rates than alternative approaches for both online and offline analyses. Depending on the category of outliers, extrapolation further increases online detection performance. We also apply the procedure to a set of empirical data to demonstrate its practical implications. By evaluating the full feedback-driven system of forecast and optimisation, we generate insight on the asymmetric effects of positive and negative demand outliers. We show that identifying instances of outlier demand and adjusting the forecast in a timely fashion substantially increases revenue compared to what is earned when ignoring outliers. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2021.01.002 VL - 293 IS - 3 SP - 1015 EP - 1030 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Werner, Jens Martin A1 - Zidek, Martin A1 - Kammerer, Sylvia A1 - Platz Batista da Silva, Natascha A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Schlitt, Hans Jürgen A1 - Hornung, Matthias A1 - Jung, Ernst Michael T1 - Intraoperative contrast-enhanced ultrasound can have a crucial role in surgical decision-making during hepato-pancreatico-biliary surgery –Analysis of impact and input T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact and procedural input of intraoperative ultrasound (IOUS) with contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and ultrasound elastography on surgical decision making during the procedure and consequently the out-come after hepato-pancreatico-biliary (HPB) surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data of 50 consecutive patients, who underwent HPB surgery from 04/2018 to 07/2018 were prospectively collected for this study. During surgery, IOUS with a high-resolution ultrasound device using CEUS after bolus injection of 2.4–5 ml Sulphur hexafluoride microbubbles using a 6–9 MHz probe and a share wave and strain elastography was performed by an experienced examiner. Process and time analysis were carried out using mobile phone timer. RESULTS: The IOUS with CEUS and elastography correctly identified 42 malignant tumors and 4 benign lesions. In 3 cases, the examination provided false positive result (identifying 3 benign lesions as malignant) and in 1 case a malignant lesion was incorrectly assessed as benign (sensitivity 97,7%, specificity 57,1%, PPV 93,3% and NPV 80%). The specific question by the surgeon could be answered successfully in 98% of the cases. In 76% of the cases, there was a modification (42%) or a fundamental change (34%) of the planned surgical approach due to the information provided by the IOUS. Within the last group, the IOUS had a major impact on therapy outcome. In 7 patients an additional tumor resection was required, in 5 patients the tumor was assessed as inoperable, and in total in 5 patients an intraoperative RFA (4/5) or postoperative RITA (1/5) was required. Regarding procedural input, there was only a slight, but significant difference between the transport and set-up times before the intraoperative use (mean: 14 min 22 s) and the return transport (mean 13 min 6 s), (p = 0,038). The average examination time was 14 minutes, which makes only one third of the overall time demand. CONCLUSION: Combination of IOUS with CEUS and elastography in oncological HPB surgery provides valuable information that affects surgical decision-making. The procedural input of about 45 minutes seems to be a good investment considering the improvement of the surgical procedure and a significant modification of the therapy approach in the majority of the cases. KW - Surgical decision-making KW - hepato-pancreatico-biliary surgery KW - CEUS KW - elastography Y1 - 2021 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/clinical-hemorheology-and-microcirculation/ch201031 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-201031 VL - 78 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 14 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krüger-Genge, Anne A1 - Steinbrecht, Susanne A1 - Jung, Conrad H. G. A1 - Westphal, Sophia A1 - Klöpzig, Stefanie A1 - Waldeck, Peter A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner A1 - Storsberg, J. A1 - Jung, Friedrich T1 - Arthrospira platensis accelerates the formation of an endothelial cell monolayer and protects against endothelial cell detachment after bacterial contamination T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - Within the last years a comprehensive number of scientific studies demonstrated beneficial effect of Arthropira platensis (AP) as dietary supplement due to a high content of proteins, minerals and vitamins. Positive effects like promoting the immune system, reducing inflammation and an anti-oxidant capacity are reported. In this study, the effect of an aqueous AP extract on primary human venous endothelial cells (HUVEC) was investigated. In addition, the effect of AP on HUVEC treated with a bacterial toxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPA), inducing an activation of HUVEC and cellular detachment, was analyzed. Depending on the concentration of AP extract a significantly accelerated formation of an endothelial cell monolayer was observed. Furthermore, the detachment of HUVEC after LPA addition was dramatically reduced by AP. In conclusion, the data are promising and indicatory for an application of Arthrospira platensis in the clinical field. KW - Arthrospira platensis KW - endothelial cells KW - xCELLigence system Y1 - 2021 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/clinical-hemorheology-and-microcirculation/ch201096 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-201096 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 78 IS - 2 SP - 151 EP - 161 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Connes, Philippe A1 - Lehmann, Christian T1 - A.L. Copley Best Paper Prize 2020 T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation Y1 - 2021 UR - https://europepmc.org/article/med/33720877 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/ch-219001 SN - 1875-8622 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 77 IS - 3 SP - 245 EP - 246 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schulz, Christian A1 - Krüger-Genge, Anne A1 - Lendlein, Andreas A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner A1 - Jung, Friedrich T1 - Potential Effects of Nonadherent on Adherent Human Umbilical Venous Endothelial Cells in Cell Culture T2 - International Journal of Molecular Science N2 - The adherence and shear-resistance of human umbilical venous endothelial cells (HUVEC) on polymers is determined in vitro in order to qualify cardiovascular implant materials. In these tests, variable fractions of HUVEC do not adhere to the material but remain suspended in the culture medium. Nonadherent HUVEC usually stop growing, rapidly lose their viability and can release mediators able to influence the growth and function of the adherent HUVEC. The aim of this study was the investigation of the time dependent behaviour of HUVEC under controlled nonadherent conditions, in order to gain insights into potential influences of these cells on their surrounding environment in particular adherent HUVEC in the context of in vitro biofunctionality assessment of cardiovascular implant materials. Data from adherent or nonadherent HUVEC growing on polystyrene-based cell adhesive tissue culture plates (TCP) or nonadhesive low attachment plates (LAP) allow to calculate the number of mediators released into the culture medium either from adherent or nonadherent cells. Thus, the source of the inflammatory mediators can be identified. For nonadherent HUVEC, a time-dependent aggregation without further proliferation was observed. The rate of apoptotic/dead HUVEC progressively increased over 90% within two days. Concomitant with distinct blebbing and loss of membrane integrity over time, augmented releases of prostacyclin (PGI2, up to 2.91 ± 0.62 fg/cell) and platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB, up to 1.46 ± 0.42 fg/cell) were detected. The study revealed that nonadherent, dying HUVEC released mediators, which can influence the surrounding microenvironment and thereby the results of in vitro biofunctionality assessment of cardiovascular implant materials. Neglecting nonadherent HUVEC bears the risk for under- or overestimation of the materials endothelialization potential, which could lead to the loss of relevant candidates or to uncertainty with regard to their suitability for cardiac applications. One approach to minimize the influence from nonadherent endothelial cells could be their removal shortly after observing initial cell adhesion. However, this would require an individual adaptation of the study design, depending on the properties of the biomaterial used. KW - human venous endothelial cells KW - adherent KW - non-adherent KW - viability KW - mediator release Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/3/1493 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22031493 VL - 22 IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Albrecht, Eike A1 - Egute, Terence Onang A1 - Abugiche, Samuel Ajonina T1 - The Legal Protection of Biodiversity in Cameroon T2 - Journal of Environment and Human KW - Biodiversity; Ecosystem; Conservation; Environmental Law; Environmental Policy; Cameroon Y1 - 2015 UR - https://www.b-tu.de/en/fg-umweltrecht/team/prof-dr-iur-eike-albrecht#c82665 SN - 2373-8324 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Biermann, Niklas A1 - Sommerauer, Laura A1 - Diesch, Sophia A1 - Koch, Christoph A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Kehrer, Andreas A1 - Prantl, Lukas A1 - Taeger, Christian D. T1 - The influence of pulsed electromagnetic field therapy (PEMFT) on cutaneous blood flow in healthy volunteers T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - BACKGROUND: The biophysical interaction induced by low energy pulsed electromagnetic field therapy (PEMFT) on the capillary microcirculation is not well understood. Several studies indicate a significant effect of PEMFT in patients with chronic medical conditions. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of PEMFT on skin microcirculation in healthy volunteers. METHODS: 15 healthy participants were included. Nine PEMF treatments were applied over three weeks in an 48-hour interval. The PEMFT system (BEMER) was placed beneath one of the participants’ leg with the contralateral side serving as a control. A forty-minute application period was preceded by a 10-minute resting phase. Measuring was done using two Laser Doppler probes (LEA) placed on each anterior lateral thigh. RESULTS: All outcome parameters including flow, mixed venous oxygen saturation and relative venous hemoglobin showed a significant increase during the experiment when compared to the baseline values of the resting phase in both groups (p < 0.01). Comparing both groups, the measurement values during the experiment did not differ (p > 0.05) except for higher flow values in the control group (P = 0.03). Over time, baseline values of both groups showed no significant difference (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: We found a significant increase of all measurement parameters during the study compared to the baseline values with no difference between the PEMF and control group. KW - Pulsed electromagnetic field therapy (PEMFT) KW - microcirculation KW - cutaneous blood flow Y1 - 2021 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/clinical-hemorheology-and-microcirculation/ch209224 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-209224 VL - 76 IS - 4 SP - 495 EP - 501 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Peschel, G. A1 - Jung, Ernst Michael A1 - Fisser, C. A1 - Putz, F. J. A1 - Wertheimer, T. A1 - Sinner, B. A1 - Lunz, D. A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Müller, M. T1 - Interstitial lung opacities in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia by bedside high-resolution ultrasound in association to CO2 retention T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can cause acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). OBJECTIVE: This single centre cross-section study aimed to grade the severity of pneumonia by bed-side lung ultrasound (LUS). METHODS: A scoring system discriminates 5 levels of lung opacities: A-lines (0 points),≥3 B-line (1 point), coalescent B-lines (2 points), marked pleural disruptions (3 points), consolidations (4 points). LUS (convex 1–5 MHz probe) was performed at 6 defined regions for each hemithorax either in supine or prone position. A lung aeration score (LAS, maximum 4 points) was allocated for each patient by calculating the arithmetic mean of the examined lung areas. Score levels were correlated with ventilation parameters and laboratory markers. RESULTS: LAS of 20 patients with ARDS reached from 2.58 to 3.83 and was highest in the lateral right lobe (Mean 3.67). Ferritin levels (Mean 1885μg/l; r = 0.467; p = 0.051) showed moderate correlation in spearman roh calculation. PaCO2 level (Mean 46.75 mmHg; r = 0.632; p = 0.005) correlated significantly with LAS, while duration of ventilation, Horovitz index, CRP, LDH and IL-6 did not. CONCUSIONS: The proposed LAS describes severity of lung opacities in COVID-19 patients and correlates with CO2 retention in patients with ARDS. Y1 - 2021 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/clinical-hemorheology-and-microcirculation/ch200925 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-200925 VL - 77 IS - 4 SP - 355 EP - 365 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wiesinger, Isabel A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Jung, Ernst Michael T1 - Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and perfusion imaging using VueBox® T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - The external perfusion software (VueBox™) for contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), enables the quantitative analysis of micro-vascularization within non-cystic lesions in terms of characterization and detection. This review summarizes our work about parathyroid gland, thyroid gland, liver, prostate and other tissues as well as original studies in the use of parametric perfusion imaging. Useful perfusion parameters are introduced. Y1 - 2021 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/clinical-hemorheology-and-microcirculation/ch201040 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-201040 VL - 78 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Saskia M. A1 - Woods, Heather A. A1 - Bilz, Ludwig T1 - Class teachers’ bullying-related self-efficacy and their students’ bullying victimization, bullying perpetration, and combined victimization and perpetration T2 - Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma N2 - Teachers’ responses to incidents of bullying among students can be important for bullying dynamics. Theoretical models of teachers’ intervention competence and the theory of planned behavior suggest that teachers’ bullying intervention self-efficacy may be associated with teachers’ responses to bullying and students’ bullying behavior and bullying victimization experiences. Several studies report an association between teachers’ self-efficacy and their intervention behavior in incidents of bullying. However, the possible association with student bullying perpetration has rarely been examined so far. The current study explores the association between class teachers’ self-efficacy and students’ bullying victimization, perpetration, and combined bully-victim behavior in a sample of 2,071 students and their 93 class teachers in Germany. The results suggest an association between class teachers’ self-efficacy and students’ perpetration behavior. The higher teachers’ bullying intervention self-efficacy, the fewer students seem to bully other students. In contrast, teachers’ self-efficacy was not associated with students’ victimization experiences and students’ bully-victim behavior. Possible underlying mechanisms, as well as limitations of the present results, are discussed. Further research is needed to substantiate the findings. KW - bullying KW - teacher KW - self-efficacy KW - victimization KW - perpetration KW - bully-victim Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/10926771.2021.1933290 SN - 1092-6771 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Scholaske, Laura A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Entringer, Sonja T1 - Fetale Programmierung von Gesundheitsdisparitäten bei Kindern mit Migrationshintergrund T2 - Public Health Forum N2 - Kinder von Migrant*innen zeigen bereits in frühen Lebensjahren häufig Gesundheitsdisparitäten, die mit mütterlicher Gesundheit und migrationsbezogenen Faktoren eng zusammenhängen. Zur Erklärung dieses Phänomens der intergenerationalen Transmission von Gesundheitsdisparitäten schlagen wir ein Modell vor, das eine Lebensverlaufsperspektive mit dem Konzept der fetalen Programmierung von Gesundheit und Krankheitsvulnerabilität zusammenbringt. KW - Fetale Programmierung KW - Gesundheitliche Ungleichheiten KW - Intergenerationale Übertragung KW - Migrant*innen Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/pubhef-2021-0015/html U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/pubhef-2021-0015 SN - 1876-4851 VL - 29 IS - 2 SP - 131 EP - 134 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kuhn, Ramona A1 - Vornholt, Carsten A1 - Preuß, Volker A1 - Bryant, Isaac Mbir A1 - Martienssen, Marion T1 - Aminophosphonates in Nanofiltration and Reverse Osmosis Permeates T2 - Membranes N2 - Aminophosphonates such as aminotris(methylenephosphonic acid) (ATMP) are common constituents of antiscalants. In nanofiltration (NF) and reverse osmosis (RO) processes, ATMP prevents inorganic scaling leading to more stable membrane performance. So far, little attention has been paid to the possible permeation of aminophosphonates through NF and RO membranes. We have investigated the permeability of these membrane types for ATMP and its potential metabolites iminodi(methylenephosphonic acid) (IDMP) and amino(methylenephosphonic acid) (AMPA) with two different NF membranes (TS40 and TS80) and one RO membrane (ACM2) and three different water compositions (ultra-pure water, synthetic tap water and local tap water). We found traces of phosphonates in all investigated permeates. The highest phosphonate rejection occurred with local tap water for all three membranes investigated. Filtration experiments with a technical antiscalant formulation containing ATMP indicated similar trends of phosphonate permeability through all three membranes. We assume that the separation mechanisms of the membranes are the results of a very complex relationship between physico-chemical properties such as Donnan exclusion, feed pH, feed ionic strength and feed concentration, as well as solute–solute interactions. KW - ATMP KW - AMPA KW - phosphonates KW - nanofiltration KW - reverse osmosis KW - antiscalant KW - drinking water treatment Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes11060446 SN - 2077-0375 VL - 11 IS - 6 SP - 1 EP - 16 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Geburek, Ina A1 - Rutz, Lukas A1 - Gao, Lan A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner A1 - These, Anja A1 - Schrenk, Dieter T1 - The metabolic pattern of hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids in liver cells T2 - Chemical Research in Toxicology N2 - Contamination with 1,2-unsaturated pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) is a serious problem for certain phytomedicines, foods, and animal feeds. Several of these PAs are genotoxic and carcinogenic, primarily in the liver, upon cytochrome P450 (CYP)-catalyzed activation into reactive (pyrrolic and pyrrole-like) metabolites. Here we investigated the metabolism of selected PAs (echimidine, europine, lasiocarpine, lycopsamine, retrorsine, and senecionine) in rat hepatocytes in primary culture and in human CYP3A4-transfected HepG2 cells. The open-chained diesters echimidine and lasiocarpine and the cyclic diester senecionine were extensively metabolized in rat hepatocytes into a broad spectrum of products released into the medium. A large portion of unidentified, possibly irreversibly bound, products remained in the cells while detectable amounts of reactive and other metabolites were found in the incubation media. In HepG2-CYP3A4 cells, lasiocarpine was more extensively metabolized than echimidine and senecionine which also gave rise to the release of pyrrolic metabolites. In human cells, no pyrrolic metabolites were detected in retrorsine or lycopsamine incubations, while no such metabolites were detected from europine in both cell types. Other types of metabolic changes comprised modifications such as side chain demethylation or oxygenation reactions like the formation of N-oxides. The latter, considered as a detoxification step, was a major pathway with cyclic diesters, was less distinctive for echimidine and lycopsamine and almost negligible for lasiocarpine and europine. Our data are in agreement with previously published cyto- and genotoxicity findings and suggests that the metabolic pattern may contribute substantially to the specific toxic potency of a certain congener. In addition, marked differences were found for certain congeners between rat hepatocytes and transfected human HepG2 cells, whereby a high level of bioactivation was found for lasiocarpine, whereas a very low level of bioactivation was observed for monoesters, in particular in human cells. Y1 - 2021 UR - https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00507 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00507 VL - 34 IS - 4 SP - 1101 EP - 1113 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jung, Conrad H. G. A1 - Waldeck, Peter A1 - Petrick, Ingolf A1 - Braune, Steffen A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner A1 - Jung, Friedrich T1 - Bioreactor for the cultivation of Arthrospira platensis under controlled conditions T2 - Journal of Cellular Biotechnology N2 - A vertical flat-type bioreactor consisting of transparent polyethylene (food safe) was constructed, which is characterized by a flexible design and allows the adjustment of a light path of 1 cm – 8.5 cm and a working volume of 1.5 l – 4 l. To characterize the performance of the bioreactor, cultivation experiments were performed with the cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis (AP). The growth was assessed continuously by monitoring optical density and intermittently by measuring the dry weight of the AP biomass. An on-line measurement technique for estimating biomass production rate in a photosynthetic microalgae culture was developed. The oxygen produced by AP in the culture medium was flushed out sparging using a mixture of air and CO2 (1%). Factors which might influence the AP growth were monitored: pH, temperature, oxygen concentration and the filling level were corrected automatically to compensate evaporation losses. As an example, the huge influence of the light intensity on the AP growth was tested. The increase of the photon flux density of 15 to 1200μmol/(l · d) led to a 22-fold increase of the productivity and a 3.1-fold shorter doubling time. Using an online measurement technique - together with the control of the growth process via a wireless local area network (WLAN) router and virtual private network - allows monitoring the growth of Arthrospira platensis remotely. Y1 - 2021 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/journal-of-cellular-biotechnology/jcb210032 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/JCB-210032 VL - 7 IS - 1 SP - 35 EP - 40 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rahman, Ateeq A1 - Moola, Nyambe A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner T1 - Namibian algae species: A review of their distribution, medicinal uses and chemical constituents T2 - Journal of Cellular Biotechnology N2 - The use of indigenous or remote popular knowledge to identify new drugs against diseases or infections is a well-known approach in medicine. The inhabitants of coastal regions in Namibia and other African countries are known to prepare algae extracts for the treatment of disorders and ailments such as wounds, fever and stomach aches, as well as for the prevention of arrhythmia, cancer, and many other diseases. Algae survive in a competitive environment and, therefore, developed defense strategies that have resulted in a significant level of chemical structural diversity in various metabolic pathways. The exploration of these organisms for pharmaceutical, nutritional and medical purposes has provided important chemical candidates for the discovery of new agents against neglected tropical diseases and stimulated the use of sophisticated physical techniques. This current review provides a broad picture on the taxonomy, various medical and nutritional uses of algae, which thus should be of relevance for the African continent and underdeveloped countries in the Global South. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/journal-of-cellular-biotechnology/jcb209010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/JCB-209010 VL - 6 IS - 2 SP - 139 EP - 159 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Braune, Steffen A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner A1 - Jung, Friedrich T1 - Effect of Prostanoids on Human Platelet Function: An Overview T2 - International Journal of Molecular Science N2 - Prostanoids are bioactive lipid mediators and take part in many physiological and pathophysiological processes in practically every organ, tissue and cell, including the vascular, renal, gastrointestinal and reproductive systems. In this review, we focus on their influence on platelets, which are key elements in thrombosis and hemostasis. The function of platelets is influenced by mediators in the blood and the vascular wall. Activated platelets aggregate and release bioactive substances, thereby activating further neighbored platelets, which finally can lead to the formation of thrombi. Prostanoids regulate the function of blood platelets by both activating or inhibiting and so are involved in hemostasis. Each prostanoid has a unique activity profile and, thus, a specific profile of action. This article reviews the effects of the following prostanoids: prostaglandin-D2 (PGD2), prostaglandin-E1, -E2 and E3 (PGE1, PGE2, PGE3), prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α), prostacyclin (PGI2) and thromboxane-A2 (TXA2) on platelet activation and aggregation via their respective receptors. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/23/9020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21239020 VL - 21 IS - 23 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liedtke, Victoria A1 - Schröder, Christian A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Weiss, Romano A1 - Stohwasser, Ralf A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Schenk, Lysann T1 - LEDGF/p75 is required for an efficient DNA damage response T2 - International Journal of Molecular Sciences KW - LEDGF KW - CRISPR/Cas9 KW - DNA damage signaling KW - gH2AX KW - ubiquitination Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22115866 VL - 22 IS - 11 SP - 1 EP - 16 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Romero-Zaliz, Rocío A1 - Pérez, Eduardo A1 - Jimenez-Molinos, Francisco A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Roldan, Juan Bautista T1 - Influence of variability on the performance of HfO2 memristor-based convolutional neural networks T2 - Solid State Electronics N2 - A study of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) was performed to analyze the influence of quantization and variability in the network synaptic weights. Different CNNs were considered accounting for the number of convolutional layers, size of the filters in the convolutional layer, number of neurons in the final network layers and different sets of quantization levels. The conductance levels of fabricated 1T1R structures based on HfO2 memristors were considered as reference for four or eight level quantization processes at the inference stage of the CNNs, which were previous trained with the MNIST dataset. We also included the variability of the experimental conductance levels that was found to be Gaussian distributed and was correspondingly modeled for the synaptic weight implementation. KW - RRAM KW - neural network KW - HfO2 KW - memristive switching Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sse.2021.108064 SN - 0038-1101 VL - 185 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cyrus, Norbert A1 - Ulrich, Peter T1 - Verflechtungssensible Maßnahmenräume. Lehren aus dem Umgang mit der COVID-19-Pandemie in der Doppelstadt Frankfurt (Oder) und Słubice T2 - BBSR Informationen zur Raumentwicklung (IzR) N2 - Dieser Beitrag beleuchtet den Umgang mit der Coronakrise aus der Perspektive einer sozialwissenschaftlich-interdisziplinären Grenzforschung. Die Autoren thematisieren die raumzeitliche Dimension der Maßnahmen zur Eindämmung der COVID-19-Pandemie und analysieren disruptive Effekte auf grenzüberschreitende Verflechtungsräume am Beispiel der Doppelstadt Frankfurt (Oder) und Słubice an der deutsch-polnischen Grenze. KW - Grenzen KW - COVID-19 KW - Daseinsvorsorge KW - Katastrophenschutz KW - Bevölkerungsschutz Y1 - 2021 UR - https://elibrary.steiner-verlag.de/article/99.105010/izr202102002401 SN - 0303-2493 VL - 48 IS - 2 SP - 24 EP - 33 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ding, Yuchen A1 - Zhang, Tingyi A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Silva, Charitha de A1 - Doolan, Con A1 - Moreau, Danielle J. T1 - Experimental Investigation of the Flow Characteristics and Noise Generation at the Wing–Wall Junction T2 - Journal of Aerospace Engineering Y1 - 2021 UR - https://ascelibrary.org/doi/abs/10.1061/%28ASCE%29AS.1943-5525.0001303 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)AS.1943-5525.0001303 VL - 34 IS - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Fritzsche, Christoph A1 - Sarradj, Ennes A1 - Wagner, Hermann T1 - Der leise Flug der Eule T2 - Akustik Journal Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.dega-akustik.de/fileadmin/dega-akustik.de/publikationen/akustik-journal/21-02/akustik_journal_2021_02_online.pdf VL - 2021 IS - 2 SP - 9 EP - 17 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Baena-Moreno, Francisco Manuel A1 - González-Castaño, Miriam A1 - Navarro de Miguel, Juan Carlos A1 - Miah, Kamal Uddin Mohammad A1 - Ossenbrink, Ralf A1 - Odriozola, José Antonio A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Stepping toward Efficient Microreactors for CO2 Methanation: 3D Printed Gyroid Geometry T2 - ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering N2 - This work presents a comparative study towards the development of efficient micro-reactors based on 3D-printed structures. Thus, the study evaluates the influence of the metal substrate geometry on the performance of structured catalysts for the CO2 methanation reaction. For this purpose, 0.5%Ru–15%Ni/MgAl2O4 catalyst is wash coated over two different micro-monolithic metal substrates: a conventional parallel channel honeycomb structure and a novel 3D-printed structure with a complex gyroid geometry. The effect of the metal substrate geometry is analyzed for several CO2 sources including ideal flue gas atmospheres, the presence of residual CH4 and CO in the flue gas, as well as simulated biogas sources. The advantages of the gyroid-3D complex geometries over the honeycomb structures are shown for all evaluated conditions, providing at the best-case scenario a 14% improvement of CO2 conversion. Moreover, this contribution shows that systematically tailoring geometrical features of structured catalysts becomes an effective strategy to achieve improved catalysts performances independent of the flue gas composition. By enhancing the transport processes and the gas-catalyst interactions, the employed gyroid 3D metal substrates enable boosted CO2 conversions and greater CH4 selectivity within diffusional controlled regimes. KW - CO2 methanation KW - gyroid geometry KW - CH4 selectivity KW - gyroid-3D complex Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c01980 SN - 2168-0485 VL - 9 IS - 24 SP - 8198 EP - 8206 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mileski, Toni A1 - Albrecht, Eike T1 - European Union and China relations : stratecic partnership through the lens of geopolitics and geoeconomics T2 - INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF THE MINISTRY OF DFENCE OF THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA KW - Geopolitics, geoeconomic, EU, China, Belt and Road Initiatives, "17+1" Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.academia.edu/49240216/EUROPEAN_UNION_AND_CHINA_RELATIONS_STRATEGIC_PARTNERSHIP_THROUGH_THE_LENS_OF_GEOPOLITICS_AND_GEOECONOMICS SN - 1409-8199 SN - 1857-887X VL - 21 IS - 40 SP - 19 EP - 34 CY - Skopje ER - TY - GEN A1 - Trinh, Manh Xuan A1 - Molkenthin, Frank T1 - Flood hazard mapping for data-scarce and ungauged coastal river basins using advanced hydrodynamic models, high temporal-spatial resolution remote sensing precipitation data, and satellite imageries T2 - Natural Hazards N2 - This paper presents an integrated approach to simulate flooding and inundation for small- and medium-sized coastal river basins where measured data are not available or scarce. By coupling the rainfall–runoff model, the one-dimensional and two-dimensional models, and the integration of these with global tide model, satellite precipitation products, and synthetic aperture radar imageries, a comprehensive flood modeling system for Tra Bong river basin selected as a case study was set up and operated. Particularly, in this study, the lumped conceptual model was transformed into the semi-distributed model to increase the parameter sets of donor basins for applying the physical similarity approach. The temporal downscaling technique was applied to disaggregate daily rainfall data using satellite-based precipitation products. To select an appropriate satellite-derived rainfall product, two high temporal-spatial resolution products (0.1 × 0.1 degrees and 1 h) including GSMaP_GNRT6 and CMORPH_CRT were examined at 1-day and 1-h resolutions by comparing with ground-measured rainfall. The CMORPH_CRT product showed better performance in terms of statistical errors such as Correlation Coefficient, Probability of Detection, False Alarm Ratio, and Critical Success Index. Land cover/land use, flood extent, and flood depths derived from Sentinel-1A imageries and a digital elevation model were employed to determine the surface roughness and validate the flood modeling. The results obtained from the modeling system were found to be in good agreement with collected data in terms of NSE (0.3–0.8), RMSE (0.19–0.94), RPE (− 213 to 0.7%), F1 (0.55), and F2 (0.37). Subsequently, various scenarios of flood frequency with 10-, 20-, 50-, and 100-year return periods under the probability analysis of extreme values were developed to create the flood hazard maps for the study area. The flood hazards were then investigated based on the flood intensity classification of depth, duration, and velocity. These hazard maps are significantly important for flood hazard assessments or flood risk assessments. This study demonstrated that applying advanced hydrodynamic models on computing flood inundation and flood hazard analysis in data-scarce and ungauged coastal river basins is completely feasible. This study provides an approach that can be used also for other ungauged river basins to better understand flooding and inundation through flood hazard mapping. Y1 - 2021 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11069-021-04843-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-021-04843-1 SN - 0921-030X SN - 1573-0840 VL - 109 IS - 1 SP - 441 EP - 469 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmitt, Ingo A1 - Wang, Dongsheng A1 - Tiwari, Prayaq A1 - Shorfuzzaman, Mohammad T1 - Deep neural learning on weighted datasets utilizing label disagreement from crowdsourcing T2 - Computer Networks N2 - Experts and crowds can work together to generate high-quality datasets, but such collaboration is limited to a large-scale pool of data. In other words, training on a large-scale dataset depends more on crowdsourced datasets with aggregated labels than expert intensively checked labels. However, the limited amount of high-quality dataset can be used as an objective test dataset to build a connection between disagreement and aggregated labels. In this paper, we claim that the disagreement behind an aggregated label indicates more semantics (e.g. ambiguity or difficulty) of an instance than just spam or error assessment. We attempt to take advantage of the informativeness of disagreement to assist learning neural networks by computing a series of disagreement measurements and incorporating disagreement with distinct mechanisms. Experiments on two datasets demonstrate that the consideration of disagreement, treating training instances differently, can promisingly result in improved performance. KW - Neural networks KW - Assessed dataset KW - Instance weight Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2021.108227 SN - 1389-1286 VL - 196 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Scholaske, Laura A1 - Duman, Elif Aysimi A1 - Razum, Oliver A1 - Entringer, Sonja T1 - Association of maternal migrant background with inflammation during pregnancy – results of a birth cohort study in Germany T2 - Brain, Behavior, and Immunity N2 - Background Health disparities in children of immigrants are prevalent from birth and are hypothesized to – in part – emerge as a biological consequence of migration’s unfavorable social and psychological sequelae. The aim of this study was to examine whether maternal migrant background is associated with inflammation during pregnancy - a key pathway by which maternal states and conditions during pregnancy may influence fetal development and subsequent pregnancy, birth, and child developmental and health outcomes. Material and Methods Data was available from 126 pregnant women who participated in a population based multi-site prospective birth cohort study in Bielefeld and Berlin, Germany. The study included two study visits in mid- and late pregnancy. At each visit, a composite maternal pro-inflammatory score was derived from circulating levels of plasma inflammatory markers (IL-6, CRP). Migrant background was defined by country of origin of participants and their parents’ (Turkey or other) and generation status (1st or 2nd generation). We applied hierarchical linear models (HLM) in order to quantify the relationship between different migrant background variables and inflammation during pregnancy after adjustment for potential confounders (including socioeconomic status). Results Migrant background was significantly associated with inflammation during pregnancy. When compared to women without migrant background, levels of inflammation were increased in 1) pregnant women with migrant background in general (B = 0.35, SE = 0.12, p < .01); 2) 1st (B = 0.28, SE = 0.15, p < .10) and 2nd generation (B = 0.40, SE = 0.15, p < .01); 3) women with a Turkish migrant background (B = 0.28, SE = 0.14, p < .10) and women with another migrant background (B = 0.42, SE = 0.15, p <.01); and 4) 2nd generation Turkish origin women (B = 0.38, SE = 0.20, p <.10), 1st generation women with other migrant background (B = 0.44, SE = 0.26, p <.10), and 2nd generation women with other migrant background (B=0.43, SE = 0.17, p <.05). Discussion Our findings support a role for maternal inflammation as a pathway of intergenerational transmission of migration-related health inequalities, suggest that the effect seems to persist in 2nd generation immigrants, and highlight the need for future research and targeted interventions in this context. KW - Transmission of Health Inequalities KW - Stress biology KW - Immigrants KW - Inflammation Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2021.06.010 SN - 1090-2139 VL - Vol. 96 SP - 271 EP - 278 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hintermeier, Maren A1 - Gencer, Hande A1 - Kajikhina, Katja A1 - Rohleder, Sven A1 - Santos-Hövener, Claudia A1 - Tallarek, Marie A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Bozorgmehr, Kayvan T1 - SARS-CoV-2 among migrants and forcibly displaced populations: a rapid systematic review T2 - Journal of Migration and Health N2 - The economic and health consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic pose a particular threat to vulnerable groups, such as migrants, particularly forcibly displaced populations. The aim of this review is (i) to synthesise the evidence on risk of infection and transmission among migrants, refugees, asylum seekers and internally displaced populations, and (ii) the effect of lockdown measures on these populations. We searched MEDLINE and WOS, preprint servers, and pertinent websites between 1st December 2019 and 26th June 2020. The included studies showed a high heterogeneity in study design, population, outcome and quality. The incidence risk of SARS-CoV-2 varied from 0•12% to 2•08% in non-outbreak settings and from 5•64% to 21•15% in outbreak settings. Migrants showed a lower hospitalisation rate compared to non-migrants. Negative impacts on mental health due to lockdown measures were found across respective studies. However, findings show a tenuous and heterogeneous data situation, showing the need for more robust and comparative study designs. KW - migrants KW - forcibly displaced KW - SARS-CoV-2 KW - COVID-19 KW - refugees KW - asylum seekers Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666623521000234 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmh.2021.100056 SN - 2666-6235 VL - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ewert, Moritz A1 - Buß, Lars A1 - Braud, Nicolas A1 - Kundu, Asish K. A1 - Sheverdyaeva, Polina M. A1 - Moras, Paolo A1 - Genuzio, Francesca A1 - Menteş, Tevfik Onur A1 - Locatelli, Andrea A1 - Falta, Jens A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo T1 - The Transition From MoS2 Single-Layer to Bilayer Growth on the Au(111) Surface T2 - Frontiers in Physics N2 - The transition from single-layer to bilayer growth of molybdenum disulfide on the Au(111) surface is investigated by in situ low-energy electron and photoemission microscopy. By mapping the film morphology with nanometer resolution, we show that a MoS2 bilayer forms at the boundaries of single-layer single-domain MoS2 islands and next to merging islands whereas bilayer nucleation at the island centers is found to be suppressed, which may be related to the usage of dimethyl disulfide as sulfur precursor in the growth process. This approach, which may open up the possibility of growing continuous films over large areas while delaying bilayer formation, is likely transferable to other transition metal dichalcogenide model systems. KW - molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) KW - bilayer KW - in situ low-energy electron microscopy (LEEM) KW - in situ photoemission microscopy (PEEM) KW - micro-ARPES (angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy) KW - Au step bunches Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fphy.2021.654845 SN - 2296-424X VL - 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schreckinger, José A1 - Mutz, Michael A1 - Mendoza-Lera, Clara A1 - Frossard, Aline T1 - Attributes of Drying Define the Structure and Functioning of Microbial Communities in Temperate Riverbed Sediment T2 - Frontiers in Microbiology KW - bacteria KW - community respiration Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.676615/full U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.676615 SN - 1664-302X VL - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liu, Yue A1 - Korolov, Ihor A1 - Trieschmann, Jan A1 - Steuer, David A1 - Schulz-von der Gathen, Volker A1 - Böke, Marc A1 - Bischoff, Lena A1 - Hübner, Gerrit A1 - Schulze, Julian A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas T1 - Micro Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jets Excited in He/O2 by Voltage Waveform Tailoring: A Study Based on a Numerical Hybrid Model and Experiments T2 - Plasma Sources Science and Technology Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6595/abd0e0 SN - 1361-6595 VL - 30 IS - 6 SP - 1 EP - 30 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liu, Yue A1 - Trieschmann, Jan A1 - Berger, Birk A1 - Schulze, Julian A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas T1 - Non-Linear Effects and Electron Heating Dynamics in Radio-Frequency Capacitively Coupled Plasmas with a Non-Uniform Transverse Magnetic Field T2 - Physics of Plasmas Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0045947 SN - 1089-7674 VL - 28 IS - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knopp, Lothar T1 - Der Beschluss des BVerfG zum brandenburgischen Hochschulkanzler und seine „Konsequenzen“ T2 - Ordnung der Wissenschaft Y1 - 2021 UR - https://ordnungderwissenschaft.de/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/04_03_Knopp.pdf SN - 2197-9197 IS - 3 SP - 185 EP - 193 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bornschein, Rico A1 - Schmidt, Lennard A1 - Maier, Erik T1 - The Effect of Consumers´ Perceived Power and Risk in Digital Information Privacy: The Example of Cookie Notices T2 - Journal of Public Policy & Marketing N2 - Recent regulation in the European Union (i.e., the General Data Protection Regulation) affects websites’ information privacy practices. This regulation addresses two dimensions: websites must (1) provide visible notice regarding private information they collect through cookies and (2) give consumers the choice to disagree to such tracking. Policy makers must understand their regulation’s degree of implementation, as well as its effect on consumers. The authors develop a typology of website cookie notices along the dimensions of notice visibility and choice. A field study shows that most websites only offer low notice visibility and limited choice over private information collection. In addition, four experimental studies in the EU and United States explore the effects of information privacy practices. They find that offering choice over whether or which data are collected increases consumer power, whereas visibility of the notice (vs. no notice) only affects risk perceptions. The authors establish the novel suggestion that perceived risk is mitigated if consumers have more choice over their data (indirectly through greater power). Power and risk influence consumers’ affect and purchase intent. KW - consumer power KW - cookie notice KW - General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) KW - information privacy KW - risk perception Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/0743915620902143 VL - 39 IS - 2 SP - 135 EP - 154 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Lennard A1 - Maier, Erik T1 - The interaction effect of mobile phone screen and product orientation on perceived product size T2 - Psychology & Marketing N2 - Perceived product size is a key concern in online retail, particularly in fashion and grocery. The screen on which consumers view a product (e.g., desktop or mobile) might constitute a frame that biases size perception, on the basis of assimilation and contrast effects (pool and store theory). The rise of mobile commerce exacerbates this issue, as framing effects might be stronger versus desktop settings as screens are smaller. Further, as mobile phone's screen orientation varies situationally (vertical vs. horizontal), the perceived product size might vary, depending on the interaction of screen and product orientation. By introducing the framing ratio as a means to predict extent, dimensionality and symmetry of size biases, we generalize specific findings from extant research. Empirically, four experimental studies demonstrate that contextual frames (i.e., vertical vs. horizontal screens) and product orientation (e.g., jeans vs. shoes) interact to bias the size perception, in that sizes are overestimated on the dimension that approaches the frame (high framing ratio), compared with conditions where the frame is distant (low framing ratio). If product size is misperceived, willingness to pay might be affected (e.g., for groceries). Thus, size perceptions have a direct impact on managerially relevant variables. KW - framing effects KW - framing ratio KW - horizontal-vertical illusion (HVI) KW - mobile commerce KW - screen KW - screen orientation KW - size perception Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.21214 VL - 36 IS - 9 SP - 817 EP - 830 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Lennard A1 - Bornschein, Rico A1 - Maier, Erik T1 - The effect of privacy choice in cookie notices on consumers´ perceived fairness of frequent price changes T2 - Psychology & Marketing N2 - Recent regulatory changes (i.e., General Data Protection Regulation of the European Union) enforce that seller (e.g., retail and service) and all other websites disclose through cookie notices which data they collect and store. At the same time, websites must allow consumers to disagree to the tracking of their browsing behavior. Despite sellers' concern about the loss of consumer insights—as consumers might disagree to the collection of their browsing data—cookie notices might also have a surprising side-effect: Consumers might accept frequent price changes (from personalized or dynamic pricing) more readily, if they agree through a cookie notice that their behavior can be tracked. Specifically, two experimental studies show that consent to the tracking of browsing behavior increases consumers internal attribution of a price change, as consumers attribute the cause of the change (here: giving up data) to themselves. This increases price fairness perceptions and, in turn, purchase intent. As a result, for online sellers of goods or services the implementation of cookie notice should no longer be thought as a matter to be avoided, but rather a trade-off decision: Loss of a part of consumer insights versus higher acceptance of data-driven marketing mix decisions, such as frequent price changes. KW - attribution theory KW - cookies KW - dynamic pricing KW - GDPR KW - personalized pricing Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.21356 VL - 37 IS - 9 SP - 1263 EP - 1276 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pérez, Eduardo A1 - Mahadevaiah, Mamathamba Kalishettyhalli A1 - Perez-Bosch Quesada, Emilio A1 - Wenger, Christian T1 - Variability and Energy Consumption Tradeoffs in Multilevel Programming of RRAM Arrays T2 - IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices N2 - Achieving a reliable multi-level programming operation in resistive random access memory (RRAM) arrays is still a challenging task. In this work, we assessed the impact of the voltage step value used by the programming algorithm on the device-to-device (DTD) variability of the current distributions of four conductive levels and on the energy consumption featured by programming 4-kbit HfO2-based RRAM arrays. Two different write-verify algorithms were considered and compared, namely, the incremental gate voltage with verify algorithm (IGVVA) and the incremental step pulse with verify algorithm (ISPVA). By using the IGVVA, a main trade-off has to be taken into account since reducing the voltage step leads to a smaller DTD variability at the cost of a strong increase in the energy consumption. Although the ISPVA can not reduce the DTD variability as much as the IGVVA, its voltage step can be decreased in order to reduce the energy consumption with almost no impact on the DTD variability. Therefore, the final decision on which algorithm to employ should be based on the specific application targeted for the RRAM array. KW - RRAM KW - Multilevel switching KW - HfO2 Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TED.2021.3072868 SN - 0018-9383 SN - 1557-9646 VL - 68 IS - 6 SP - 2693 EP - 2698 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ossorio, Óscar G. A1 - Vinuesa, Guillermo A1 - Garcia, Hector A1 - Sahelices, Benjamin A1 - Dueñas, Salvador A1 - Castán, Helena A1 - Pérez, Eduardo A1 - Mahadevaiah, Mamathamba Kalishettyhalli A1 - Wenger, Christian T1 - Performance Assessment of Amorphous HfO2-based RRAM Devices for Neuromorphic Applications T2 - ECS Transactions N2 - The use of thin layers of amorphous hafnium oxide has been shown to be suitable for the manufacture of Resistive Random-Access memories (RRAM). These memories are of great interest because of their simple structure and non-volatile character. They are particularly appealing as they are good candidates for substituting flash memories. In this work, the performance of the MIM structure that takes part of a 4 kbit memory array based on 1-transistor-1-resistance (1T1R) cells was studied in terms of control of intermediate states and cycle durability. DC and small signal experiments were carried out in order to fully characterize the devices, which presented excellent multilevel capabilities and resistive-switching behavior. KW - RRAM KW - resistive switching KW - HfO2 Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1149/10202.0029ecst SN - 1938-6737 SN - 1938-5862 VL - 102 IS - 2 SP - 29 EP - 35 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Isaak, Karina A1 - Wilken, Robert A1 - Dost, Florian A1 - Bürgin, David T1 - Improving pricing scope through consumers’ construal level – evidence based on consumers’ willingness-to-pay ranges T2 - Die Unternehmung N2 - How can the pricing scope be further leveraged in times of increased price transparency and growing price awareness on the consumer side? To answer this question, this paper uses the concept of willingness-to-pay ranges (as opposed to points). Three quantit� ative studies show that various marketing activities that allow con� sumers to assess a product on a more abstract (less concrete) level shift the upper limits of the intervals upwards and thus increase the scope for price setting. These (price) upper limits are particularly high when the central product advantages are emphasized. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5771/0042-059X-2020-4-365 SN - 0042-059X SN - 0042-059x VL - 74 IS - 4 SP - 365 EP - 383 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herr, Raphael A1 - Diehl, Katharina A1 - Schneider, Sven A1 - Osenbruegge, Nina A1 - Memmer, Nicole A1 - Sachse, Steffi A1 - Hoffmann, Stephanie A1 - Wachtler, Benjamin A1 - Herke, Max A1 - Pischke, Claudia R. A1 - Novelli, Anna A1 - Hilger-Kolb, Jennifer T1 - Which Meso-Level Characteristics of Early Childhood Education and Care Centers Are Associated with Health, Health Behavior, and Well-Being of Young Children? Findings of a Scoping Review T2 - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health N2 - Characteristics of early childhood education and care (ECEC) centers might be relevant for children’s health. This scoping review aims to provide an overview of the association between meso-level characteristics (MLCs) of ECEC centers with children’s health, health behavior, and wellbeing. Five databases were searched for quantitative and qualitative research articles published in English or German since 1 January 2000 on health, health behavior, and wellbeing of children aged 0 to 6 years considering MLCs of ECEC centers. Two authors screened 10,396 potentially eligible manuscripts and identified 117 papers, including 3077 examinations of the association between MLCs and children’s health indicators (Kappas > 0.91). Five categories of MLCs were identified: (1) structural characteristics, (2) equipment/furnishings, (3) location, (4) facilities/environment, (5) culture/activities/policies/practices, and 6) staff. Only very few studies found an association of MLCs with body weight/obesity, and general health and wellbeing. Especially physical activity and mental health were related to MLCs. In general, the location (rural vs. urban, neighborhood status) seemed to be a relevant health aspect. MLCs of ECEC centers appeared relevant for child health indicators to different degrees. Future research should focus on these associations, in detail, to identify concrete ECEC indicators that can support health promotion in early childhood. KW - scoping review KW - early childhood education and care (ECEC) centers KW - kindergarten KW - young children KW - meso-level characteristics KW - health KW - health behavior KW - socioeconomic position KW - health inequalities Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/9/4973 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094973 VL - 18 IS - 9 SP - 4973 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fouzia, Hammadi A1 - Fellah, Mamoun A1 - Hezil, Naouel A1 - Aissani, Linda A1 - Mimanne, Goussem A1 - Mechachti, Said A1 - Samad, Mohammed Abdul A1 - Montagne, Alex A1 - Iost, Alain A1 - Weiß, Sabine A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei T1 - The effect of milling time on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-6Al-4Fe alloys T2 - Materials Today Communications N2 - Replacement of toxic and expensive vanadium (V) in medical grade titanium alloys with cheaper and non-toxic elements such as iron (Fe) or niobium (Nb), is an important step forward in developing safer and less expensive biomaterials. Evaluating the effect of different process parameters such as the milling time on the properties of these newly developed alloys helps in understanding and controlling their behavior. Hence, in this study, the influence of ball-milling duration (2, 6, 8, 12 and 18 h) on crystalline structure, phase evolution, densification, and mechanical characteristics of biomedical nanocrystalline Ti-6Al-4Fe (wt. %) alloys is investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed that after 6 h of milling, aluminum (Al) and Fe completely dissolved into Ti matrix to form a solid solution of Ti (Al, Fe). XRD further revealed that the crystallite size decreased from 56 to 30 nm and the micro-strain increased with an increase in milling time. A decrease in porosity along with an increase in density is also observed for the alloys with increasing milling time. Moreover, the values of porosity obtained for the developed Ti-6Al-4Fe alloys ranged from 1 to 12 %, which is comparable to the porosity of one of the cortical bones making it a potential candidate for bone replacements. Microhardness measurements showed that the hardness of the Ti-6Al-4Fe alloys was greater than the hardness of the conventional Ti-6Al-4V alloys. It was observed that the Ti-6Al-4Fe alloy fabricated with the powders milled for 2 h showed the lowest value of Young’s Modulus. Milling time also had a significant effect on the surface roughness of the alloy samples, which showed a decreasing trend with increasing milling times. KW - Ti-based alloys KW - Microstructure KW - Mechanical properties KW - Ball-milling KW - Biomaterials KW - Milling time Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2352492821004207#! U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtcomm.2021.102428 SN - 2352-4928 VL - 27 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dauderstädt, Ulrike A1 - Dürr, Peter A1 - Gehner, Andreas A1 - Wagner, Michael A1 - Schenk, Harald T1 - Analog Spatial Light Modulators based on Micromirror Arrays T2 - Micromachines, Special Issue "Beam Steering via Arrayed Micromachines" Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/mi12050483 SN - 2072-666X VL - 12 IS - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grudinin, V. A. A1 - Sidelev, D. V. A1 - Bleykher, G. A. A1 - Yuriev, Yu N. A1 - Krivobokov, V. P. A1 - Berlin, E. V. A1 - Grigoriev, V. Yu A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Hot target magnetron sputtering enhanced by RF-ICP source for CrNx coatings deposition T2 - Vacuum N2 - This article describes hot Cr target magnetron sputtering enhanced by a radio-frequency inductively coupled plasma (RF-ICP) source in an Ar + N2 atmosphere. Optical emission spectroscopy revealed an opportunity to perform magnetron sputtering in an inert (Ar) atmosphere, while the CrNx coating can be deposited on a substrate in a chemically reactive atmosphere formed by the RF-ICP source. High stability and repeatability of deposition process were observed, and the deposition rate of the CrNx coatings increased from 106 to 127 nm/min as N2 flow rate rose. The power of the RF-ICP source and the N2 flow rate can be used to tailor and control deposition conditions. The XRD and WDS measurements showed the effect of deposition conditions on the crystal structure and elemental composition of CrNx coatings. It was found that the change of substrate bias, RF-ICP source power and N2 flow rate result in variation of coating stoichiometry from pure Cr to CrN. KW - CrN coatings KW - Hot target KW - Magnetron sputtering KW - High-rate deposition KW - RF inductively Coupled plasma Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0042207X21003523?via%3Dihub#! U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vacuum.2021.110400 SN - 0042-207X VL - 191 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klepel, Olaf A1 - Utgenannt, Stephan A1 - Vormelchert, Carolin A1 - König, Mark A1 - Meißner, André A1 - Hansen, Felix A1 - Bölte, Jens-Henning Ingo Holger A1 - Sieber, Tim A1 - Heinemann, Robert A1 - Bron, Michael A1 - Rokicinska, Anna A1 - Jarczewski, Sebastian A1 - Kustrowski, Piotr T1 - Redox catalysts based on amorphous porous carbons T2 - Microporous Mesoporous Materials Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2021.111257 SN - 1387-1811 VL - 323 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Friedrich, Ines A1 - Klassen, Anna A1 - Neubauer, Hannes A1 - Schneider, Dominik A1 - Hertel, Robert A1 - Daniel, Rolf T1 - Living in a Puddle of Mud: Isolation and Characterization of Two Novel Caulobacteraceae Strains Brevundimonas pondensis sp. nov. and Brevundimonas goettingensis sp. nov. T2 - Applied Microbiology N2 - Brevundimonas is a genus of freshwater bacteria belonging to the family Caulobacteraceae. The present study describes two novel species of the genus Brevundimonas (LVF1 T and LVF2 T ). Both were genomically, morphologically, and physiologically characterized. Average nucleotide identity analysis revealed both are unique among known Brevundimonas strains. In silico and additional ProphageSeq analyses resulted in two prophages in the LVF1 T genome and a remnant prophage in the LVF2 T genome. Bacterial LVF1 T cells form an elliptical morphotype, in average 1 µ m in length and 0.46 µ m in width, with a single flagellum. LVF2 T revealed motile cells approximately 1.6 µ m in length and 0.6 µ m in width with a single flagellum, and sessile cell types 1.3 µ m in length and 0.6 µ m in width. Both are Gram-negative, aerobic, have optimal growth at 30 ◦ C (up to 0.5 to 1% NaCl). Both are resistant towards erythromycin, meropenem, streptomycin, tetracycline and vancomycin. Anaerobic growth was observed after 14 days for LVF1 T only. For LVF1 T the name Brevundimonas pondensis sp. nov. and for LVF2 T the name Brevundimonas goettingensis sp. nov. are proposed. Type strains are LVF1 T (=DSM 112304 T = CCUG 74982 T = LMG 32096 T ) and LVF2 T (=DSM 112305 T = CCUG 74983 T = LMG 32097 T ). Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2673-8007/1/1/5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/applmicrobiol1010005 SN - 2673-8007 VL - 1 IS - 1 SP - 38 EP - 59 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kohm, Katharina A1 - Hertel, Robert T1 - The life cycle of SPβ and related phages T2 - Archives of Virology N2 - Phages are viruses of bacteria and are the smallest and most common biological entities in the environment. They can reproduce immediately after infection or integrate as a prophage into their host genome. SPβ is a prophage of the Gram-positive model organism Bacillus subtilis 168, and it has been known for more than 50 years. It is sensitive to dsDNA damage and is induced through exposure to mitomycin C or UV radiation. When induced from the prophage, SPβ requires 90 min to produce and release about 30 virions. Genomes of sequenced related strains range between 128 and 140 kb, and particle-packed dsDNA exhibits terminal redundancy. Formed particles are of the Siphoviridae morphotype. Related isolates are known to infect other B. subtilis clade members. When infecting a new host, SPβ presumably follows a two-step strategy, adsorbing primarily to teichoic acid and secondarily to a yet unknown factor. Once in the host, SPβ-related phages pass through complex lysis-lysogeny decisions and either enter a lytic cycle or integrate as a dormant prophage. As prophages, SPβ-related phages integrate at the host chromosome's replication terminus, and frequently into the spsM or kamA gene. As a prophage, it imparts additional properties to its host via phage-encoded proteins. The most notable of these functional proteins is sublancin 168, which is used as a molecular weapon by the host and ensures prophage maintenance. In this review, we summarise the existing knowledge about the biology of the phage regarding its life cycle and discuss its potential as a research object. Y1 - 2021 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00705-021-05116-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs00705-021-05116-9 SN - 1432-8798 SN - 0304-8608 VL - 166 IS - 8 SP - 2119 EP - 2130 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klich, Maximilian A1 - Wilczek, Sebastian A1 - Janssen, Jesper Frederikus Jacobus A1 - Brinkmann, Ralf Peter A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas A1 - Trieschmann, Jan T1 - Ion dynamics in capacitively coupled argon–xenon discharges T2 - Plasma Sources Science and Technology Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6595/ac02b0 SN - 1361-6595 VL - 30 IS - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Blume, Miriam A1 - Rattay, Petra A1 - Hoffmann, Stephanie A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Sander, Lydia A1 - Herr, Raphael A1 - Richter, Matthias A1 - Moor, Irene A1 - Dragano, Nico A1 - Pischke, Claudia R. A1 - Iashchenko, Iryna A1 - Hövener, Claudia A1 - Wachtler, Benjamin T1 - Health Inequalities in Children and Adolescents: A Scoping Review of the Mediating and Moderating Effects of Family Characteristics T2 - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health N2 - This scoping review systematically mapped evidence of the mediating and moderating effects of family characteristics on health inequalities in school-aged children and adolescents (6–18 years) in countries with developed economies in Europe and North America. We conducted a systematic scoping review following the PRISMA extension for Scoping Reviews recommendations. We searched the PubMed, PsycINFO and Scopus databases. Two reviewers independently screened titles, abstracts and full texts. Evidence was synthesized narratively. Of the 12,403 records initially identified, 50 articles were included in the synthesis. The included studies were conducted in the United States (n = 27), Europe (n = 18), Canada (n = 3), or in multiple countries combined (n = 2). We found that mental health was the most frequently assessed health outcome. The included studies reported that different family characteristics mediated or moderated health inequalities. Parental mental health, parenting practices, and parent-child-relationships were most frequently examined, and were found to be important mediating or moderating factors. In addition, family conflict and distress were relevant family characteristics. Future research should integrate additional health outcomes besides mental health, and attempt to integrate the complexity of families. The family characteristics identified in this review represent potential starting points for reducing health inequalities in childhood and adolescence. KW - health inequalities KW - socioeconomic position KW - health KW - health behavior KW - moderation KW - mediation KW - school-age parenting KW - parent-child relationship KW - family conflict Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/15/7739 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18157739 SN - 1660-4601 VL - 18 IS - 15 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berneis, Moritz A1 - Bartsch, Devis A1 - Winkler, Herwig T1 - Applications of Blockchain Technology in Logistics and Supply Chain Management—Insights from a Systematic Literature Review T2 - Logistics Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/logistics5030043 SN - 2305-6290 VL - 5 IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Breckenkamp, Jürgen A1 - Razum, Oliver A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Berger, Klaus A1 - Chaix, Basile A1 - Sauzet, Odile T1 - A method to define the relevant ego-centred spatial scale for the assessment of neighbourhood effects: the example of cardiovascular risk factors T2 - BMC Public Health N2 - Introduction: The neighbourhood in which one lives affects health through complex pathways not yet fully understood. A way to move forward in assessing these pathways direction is to explore the spatial structure of health phenomena to generate hypotheses and examine whether the neighbourhood characteristics are able to explain this spatial structure. We compare the spatial structure of two cardiovascular disease risk factors in three European urban areas, thus assessing if a non-measured neighbourhood effect or spatial processes is present by either modelling the correlation structure at individual level or by estimating the intra-class correlation within administrative units. Methods: Data from three independent studies (RECORD, DHS and BaBi), covering each a European urban area, are used. The characteristics of the spatial correlation structure of cardiovascular risk factors (BMI and systolic blood pressure) adjusted for age, sex, educational attainment and income are estimated by fitting an exponential model to the semi-variogram based on the geo-coordinates of places of residence. For comparison purposes, a random effect model is also fitted to estimate the intra-class correlation within administrative units. We then discuss the benefits of modelling the correlation structure to evaluate the presence of unmeasured spatial effects on health. Results: BMI and blood pressure are consistently found to be spatially structured across the studies, the spatial correlation structures being stronger for BMI. Eight to 22% of the variability in BMI were spatially structured with radii ranging from 100 to 240 m (range). Only a small part of the correlation of residuals was explained by adjusting for the correlation within administrative units (from 0 to 4 percentage points). Discussion: The individual spatial correlation approach provides much stronger evidence of spatial effects than the multilevel approach even for small administrative units. Spatial correlation structure offers new possibilities to assess the relevant spatial scale for health. Stronger correlation structure seen for BMI may be due to neighbourhood socioeconomic conditions and processes like social norms at work in the immediate neighbourhood. KW - Cardiovascular risk factors KW - Geographic distribution KW - Spatial scale Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-11356-w SN - 1471-2458 VL - 21 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Limberger, Oliver A1 - Homeier, Jürgen A1 - Farwig, Nina A1 - Pucha-Cofrep, Franz A1 - Fries, Andreas A1 - Leuschner, Christoph A1 - Trachte, Katja A1 - Bendix, Jörg T1 - Classification of Tree Functional Types in a Megadiverse Tropical Mountain Forest from Leaf Optical Metrics and Functional Traits for Two Related Ecosystem Functions T2 - Forests N2 - Few plant functional types (PFTs) with fixed average traits are used in land surface models (LSMs) to consider feedback between vegetation and the changing atmosphere. It is uncertain if highly diverse vegetation requires more local PFTs. Here, we analyzed how 52 tree species of a megadiverse mountain rain forest separate into local tree functional types (TFTs) for two functions: biomass production and solar radiation partitioning. We derived optical trait indicators (OTIs) by relating leaf optical metrics and functional traits through factor analysis. We distinguished four OTIs explaining 38%, 21%, 15%, and 12% of the variance, of which two were considered important for biomass production and four for solar radiation partitioning. The clustering of species-specific OTI values resulted in seven and eight TFTs for the two functions, respectively. The first TFT ensemble (P-TFTs) represented a transition from low to high productive types. The P-TFT were separated with a fair average silhouette width of 0.41 and differed markedly in their main trait related to productivity, Specific Leaf Area (SLA), in a range between 43.6 to 128.2 (cm2/g). The second delineates low and high reflective types (E-TFTs), were subdivided by different levels of visible (VIS) and near-infrared (NIR) albedo. The E-TFTs were separated with an average silhouette width of 0.28 and primarily defined by their VIS/NIR albedo. The eight TFT revealed an especially pronounced range in NIR reflectance of 5.9% (VIS 2.8%), which is important for ecosystem radiation partitioning. Both TFT sets were grouped along elevation, modified by local edaphic gradients and species-specific traits. The VIS and NIR albedo were related to altitude and structural leaf traits (SLA), with NIR albedo showing more complex associations with biochemical traits and leaf water. The TFTs will support LSM simulations used to analyze the functioning of mountain rainforests under climate change. KW - ecosystem productivity KW - energy fluxes KW - leaf hyperspectra KW - functional traits KW - tree functional types KW - tropical forest Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/f12050649 SN - 1999-4907 VL - 12 IS - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knerr, Isabel A1 - Trachte, Katja A1 - Egli, Sebastian A1 - Barth, Johannes A. C. A1 - Bräuning, Achim A1 - Garel, Emilie A1 - Häusser, Martin A1 - Huneau, Frédéric A1 - Juhlke, Tobias R. A1 - Santoni, Sébastien A1 - Szymczak, Sonja A1 - Geldern, Robert van A1 - Bendix, Jörg T1 - Fog - low stratus (FLS) regimes on Corsica with wind and PBLH as key drivers T2 - Atmospheric Research N2 - The French Mediterranean island of Corsica is already today confronted with a clear tendency towards water shortage, leading not only to socio-economical, but also to ecological problems. A potential, but not very widespread source of water is the presence of near-ground clouds, mostly fog. In this study, we investigate fog-low stratus (FLS) frequencies in Corsica, derived from a data set of Meteosat Second Generation SEVIRI, whereby a distinction between fog and low stratus is hardly feasible using remote sensing data. The FLS frequency was studied with respect to its interaction with distinct locally-generated wind and its dependence on the planetary boundary layer height (PBLH) obtained by ERA5 reanalysis (the fifth generation of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, ECMWF). Results show that radiation FLS is formed in coastal areas at sunrise, with low PBLH. On the other hand, in the interior of the island at sunset, a maximum of advection FLS is formed, fostered by locally-generated and related transport of moisture. On the east side of the island, FLS frequency is lower throughout the year due to frequent lee situations. This situation is reinforced by reduced synoptic moisture transport by westerly winds, so that westerly exposed slopes benefit from moisture input by FLS formation. KW - Corsica KW - Mediterranean KW - Fog Low Stratus KW - Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) KW - Planetary Boundary Layer KW - Locally-generated wind Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2021.105731 SN - 0169-8095 VL - 261 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Metzkow, Renè A1 - Rueda-Escobedo, Juan G. A1 - Döring, Daniela A1 - Schiffer, Johannes T1 - An Internal Model Approach to Robust Current Control of IPMSM Drives with Respect to Unknown and Varying Inductances T1 - Ein interner Modellansatz zur robusten Stromregelung von IPMSM-Antrieben unter Berücksichtigung von unbekannten und variierenden Induktivitäten T2 - IFAC PapersOnLine N2 - Interior permanent magnet synchronous machines (IPMSMs) are well-suited for high-performance applications, such as traction drives in hybrid and electric vehicles. Yet a major challenge to fully exploit their potential is the fact that their self and cross-coupling inductances vary significantly across the operation range. In addition, this variation is difficult to characterize and complicates the design of provably stabilizing and robust controls. Motivated by this, by using an IPMSM model with current dependant inductances together with the internal model principle, a nonlinear current control scheme is derived that renders the equilibrium point of the closed-loop system exponentially stable. Both the control and the stability result only require the knowledge of an upper bound of the gradient of the inductances as well as lower and upper bounds on the inductance values themselves, while their actual evolution can be completely unknown. This is a major advantage compared to existing (PI-based) current control approaches, as it makes costly practices to determine the inductance variations unnecessary. The efficacy of the proposed control scheme is demonstrated in a simulation example. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405896320314154 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2020.12.1046 SN - 2405-8963 VL - 53 IS - 2 SP - 14185 EP - 14191 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zanoun, El-Sayed A1 - Egbers, Christoph A1 - Nagib, H. M. A1 - Durst, F. A1 - Bellani, Gabriele A1 - Talamelli, Alessandro T1 - Wall friction relations in wall-bounded shear flows T2 - European Journal of Mechanics - B/Fluids Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euromechflu.2021.03.007 SN - 1873-7390 SN - 0997-7546 VL - Vol. 89 SP - 171 EP - 179 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krzywiński, Kamil A1 - Sadowski, Łukasz A1 - Stefaniuk, Damian A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Engineering and Manufacturing Technology of Green Epoxy Resin Coatings Modified with Recycled Fine Aggregates T2 - International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing-Green Technology N2 - Nowadays, the recycled fine aggregate sourced from construction and demolition waste is not frequently used in manufacturing of epoxy resin coatings. Therefore, the main novelty of the article is to prepare green epoxy resin coatings modified with recycled fine aggregate in a replacement ratio of natural fine aggregate ranged from 20 to 100%. The microstructural properties of the aggregates and epoxy resin were analyzed using micro-computed tomography, scanning electron microscopy and nanoindentation. The macroscopic mechanical properties were examined using pull-off strength tests. The highest improvement of the mechanical properties was observed for epoxy resin coatings modified with 20% of natural fine aggregate and 80% of recycled fine aggregate. It has been found that even 100% of natural fine aggregate can be successfully replaced using the recycled fine aggregate with consequent improvement of the pull-off strength of analyzed epoxy resin coatings. In order to confirm the assumptions resulting from the conducted research, an original analytical and numerical failure model proved the superior behavior of modified coating was developed. KW - Manufacturing KW - Wear KW - Composite KW - Epoxy resin coating KW - Recycled aggregate KW - Green material Y1 - 2022 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40684-021-00377-w U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s40684-021-00377-w SN - 2198-0810 VL - 9 IS - 1 SP - 253 EP - 271 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Morales, Carlos A1 - Leinen, Dietmar A1 - Campo, Adolfo del A1 - Ares, José Ramón A1 - Sánchez, Carlos A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo A1 - Gutiérrez, Alejandro A1 - Prieto, Pilar A1 - Soriano, Leonardo T1 - Growth and characterization of ZnO thin films at low temperatures: from room temperature to -120 °C T2 - Journal of Alloys and Compounds N2 - ZnO thin films have been grown by e-beam evaporation in the range from room temperature to − 120 °C on two types of substrates, Al2O3 (0001) and Si (100). Although the ZnO/Al2O3 system has been thoroughly characterized, including optical and electrical techniques, the morphological, structural and chemical properties show no significant differences between both substrates. Thus, the general features of the ZnO growth mode at low temperature can be generalized. The relatively low growth temperatures reduce the diffusion of atoms at the surface, which leads to morphological and chemical changes. As the temperature decreases, the growth mode changes from a van der Drift model to a gradual bilayer system composed of an interfacial layer in contact with the substrate and a second columnar-based layer. This second well-ordered film disappears for the lowest temperatures while a Zn-rich interface in contact with the substrate emerges. Precisely from this interface, Zn-rich whiskers develop under the ZnO film and cause the loss of adhesion at temperatures below − 100 °C. These extreme temperatures also affect the crystal size, lattice strain, and total amount of oxygen vacancies. The behavior of the optical and electrical properties in terms of band gap, transparency, electrical resistivity, and Seebeck coefficient is discussed in the light of structural and chemical characterization. Samples grown at 0 °C exhibit an enhanced transmittance compared to those grown at room temperature while preserving similar electrical resistivity values and natural n-type doping. These results open a promising route to enhance ZnO films properties below the typical high temperature window. KW - zinc oxide (ZnO) KW - thin films KW - morphology KW - scanning electron microscopy (SEM) KW - DRX KW - optical properties KW - electrical properties Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2021.161056 SN - 0925-8388 SN - 1873-4669 VL - 884 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jugovac, Matteo A1 - Menteş, Tevfik Onur A1 - Genuzio, Francesca A1 - Lachnitt, Jan A1 - Feyer, Vitaliy A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo A1 - Locatelli, Andrea T1 - Sensitivity to crystal stacking in low-energy electron microscopy T2 - Applied Surface Science N2 - In this work we demonstrate the general characteristics of hcp and fcc stacking in low-energy electron reflectivity for transition metal surfaces, by following the restacking during homoepitaxial growth in real-time. For this purpose, the stacking of a model system, single-crystalline Ag islands during layer-by-layer growth at high temperature on O/W(110), is chosen. Multiple scattering calculations are used to model the relation between electron reflectivity and the crystal geometry. The changes in the electron reflectivity are shown to derive from the changes in the stacking sequence of the topmost surface layers. The results allow to distinguish between the hcp and fcc crystalline arrangements at a surface based on typical differences in the reflectivity curves, making the Ag results relevant for a variety of materials with hexagonal surface geometry. In particular, the multiplet structure within the first Bragg peak in the very low electron energy regime is identified with the fcc structure and thus it can be utilized as a fingerprint to determine the stacking sequence. KW - LEEM-I(V) KW - Stacking fault KW - fcc KW - hcp KW - Ag(111) Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2021.150656 SN - 0169-4332 SN - 1873-5584 VL - 566 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kleinert, Simon A1 - Bafera, Julian A1 - Urbig, Diemo A1 - Volkmann, Christine T1 - Access denied: How equity crowdfunding platforms use quality signals to select new ventures T2 - Entrepreneurship, Theory & Practice N2 - Among the new ventures actively seeking funds through equity crowdfunding, only a lucky few seemingly survive the rigorous selection process imposed by equity crowdfunding platforms (ECFPs). With a conjoint experiment involving decision-makers from 50 platforms in 22 countries, this study provides first quantitative evidence regarding how ECFPs actually use quality signals to select new ventures to start fundraising campaigns. The ECFPs interpret signals differently, depending on whether they impose a co-investment requirement or generate revenues from new ventures’ long-term performance. The effectiveness of the signals also is contingent on the applicant’s industry background and the signals’ accessibility in the country where the ECFP operates. KW - Entrepreneurship KW - equity crowdfunding KW - entrepreneurial finance KW - signaling Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/10422587211011945 SN - 1042-2587 VL - 46 (2022) IS - 6 SP - 1626 EP - 1657 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schnellenbach, Jan T1 - Herausforderungen für die Finanzpolitik in Deutschland nach der Covid-Krise T2 - Zeitschrift für Politik : ZfP Y1 - 2021 SN - 0044-3360 VL - 68 IS - 2 SP - 175 EP - 192 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Electrochemical sensors between the academic world and harsh reality: a few thoughts on the past, present, and future T2 - Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-020-04711-1 SN - 1433-0768 SN - 1432-8488 VL - 24 IS - 9 SP - 2147 EP - 2149 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Efremenko, Yulia A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Poly-3-thienylboronic acid: a chemosensitive derivative of polythiophene T2 - Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry N2 - Poly-3-thiopheneboronic acid was synthesized by electrochemical polymerization from 3-thienylboronic acid dissolved in the mixture of boron trifluoride diethyl etherate and acetonitrile. Cyclic voltammetry during electropolymerization shows oxidative and reductive peaks growing in each next cycle. An investigation by scanning electron microscopy displayed the polymer layer like a highly flexible film of 110 nm thick with grains of 60–120 nm in size. Strong negative solvatochromic effect was observed. Optical spectra of poly-3-thienylboronic acid at different potentials and pH were studied. Potential cycling leads to a well reversible electrochromic effect. At pH 7.4, the increase of potential leads to the decrease in the absorption band at 480 nm and to the rise in the absorption band at 810 nm with an isosbestic point at 585 nm. Spectroelectrochemical behavior of poly-3-thienylboronic acid and polythiophene was compared. Binding of sorbitol at fixed electrode potential leads to an increase in the absorbance in the shortwave band and to the decrease in the longwave band; the effect depends on the electrode potential and pH. Perspectives of application of poly-3-thienylboronic acid as new chemosensitive material are discussed. KW - Chemosensitive conducting polymers KW - Polythiophene KW - Poly-3-thienylboronic acid KW - Spectroelectrochemistry KW - Sorbitol sensing Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-020-04767-z SN - 1433-0768 SN - 1432-8488 VL - 24 IS - 11-12 SP - 3105 EP - 3111 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Snopok, Borys A. A1 - Laroussi, Arwa A1 - Cafolla, Clodomiro A1 - Voitchovsky, Kislon A1 - Snopok, Tetiana V. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Gold surface cleaning by etching polishing: Optimization of polycrystalline film topography and surface functionality for biosensing T2 - Surfaces and Interfaces N2 - Modern bio-chemical sensors rely on functional interfacial architectures with well-defined structural nano-motifs over a physical transducer. Gold-coated interfaces are of particular interest for their desirable chemical (functionalization) and optical (plasmonic) properties. Here we investigate the cleaning and polishing of polycrystalline gold films in preparation of advanced surface functionalization. We focus on soft wet chemical etching to decrease the small-scale roughness commonly observed after evaporation or sputtering of gold. We show that optimized surfaces are obtained by etching in solutions of hydrochloric acid and hydrogen peroxide. We systematically quantify the films wettability, surface nano-topography, UV-VIS spectrum and the electrochemical and Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) changes throughout the etching process. Optimal results are obtained by etching with a HCl(37%):H2O2(30%):H2O mixture, with a volume ratio of reagents 3:3:94 during 15-20 minutes at room temperature for the main step. This reduces by a factor two the root-mean-square roughness, removes contaminants, increases hydrophilicity and modifies the gold surface by Au(Cl)x complexes. Significantly, the resulting the surface is hydrophilic enough to prevent globular proteins such as HSA to unfold upon deposition at concentrations more than ~1 mg/mL. Our protocol offers a simple, reliable and rapid method for the preparation of gold surface in view of further functionalization including the binding of receptor layers and various micro- and nanostructures required in chemical and biochemical sensing. KW - polycrystalline gold films KW - soft wet chemical polishing KW - gold cleaning KW - hydrochloric acid and hydrogen peroxide KW - protein adsorption KW - surface plasmon resonance Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfin.2020.100818 SN - 2468-0230 VL - 22 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Laurinavichyute, Veronika K. A1 - Nizamov, Shavkat A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Real time tracking of the early stage of electrochemical nucleation T2 - Electrochimica Acta N2 - An analysis of early stage of electrochemical nucleation is crucial in order to understand the mechanism of this process and for electrochemical synthesis of new materials. We show here an application of the wide field surface plasmon microscopy (WF-SPRM) for this purpose. It allows us in-situ monitoring of the growth of nuclei in the range from ~20 till over 1000 nm. The system registers the moment and the place of the formation of each individual nucleus for the total number of the tracked nuclei up to ~10,000 per 1 mm2. The results demonstrate that the integral information obtained from electrochemical measurements can be extracted quantitatively from optical measurements while optical data provide also information on the size of each individual nucleus, individual nucleation time, localization and growth kinetics, and allows one to distinguish the rate limiting stage for each individual nucleus. In this work WF-SPRM was applied for investigation of electrochemical deposition of copper on gold, but this technique can be extended easily to other materials or other nucleation types. KW - Surface plasmon resonance microscopy KW - Nucleation and growth KW - Copper deposition KW - Growth kinetics KW - Diffusion zones Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138278 SN - 0013-4686 VL - 382 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Laroussi, Arwa A1 - Raouafi, Noureddine A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Electrocatalytic Sensor for Hydrogen Peroxide Based on Immobilized Benzoquinone T2 - Electroanalysis N2 - An amperometric chemosensor for the detection of hydrogen peroxide is reported. The sensor is based on 1,4-benzoquinone immobilized on the gold electrode using self-assembled monolayer of short chain symmetrical dithiol as an anchor layer. Sensor analysis was performed by cyclic voltammetry at the potential range from −0.6 V till +0.9 V as well as in the anodic or cathodic potential ranges only. The results indicate oxidative electrochemical decomposition of hydrogen peroxide at the potential of ∼+0.4 V leading to the formation of oxygen while at cathodic potentials a reduction of the formed oxygen as well as of the hydrogen peroxide occur. A decrease in the oxidation potential of hydrogen peroxide on the gold electrode coated by self-assembled monolayer with 1,4-benzoquinone in comparison with that measured on the electrodes coated by the same self-assembled monolayer without 1,4-benzoquinone, indicates electrocatalytic effect of this moiety on oxidative decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. Analytical evaluation of the sensor performance was done in the voltammetric as well as in the chronoamperometric mode. The sensor exhibited linear response over the concentration range till 2.5 mM with a limit of detection ∼4 μM. KW - Hydrogen peroxide KW - Chemical sensor KW - Electrocatalysis KW - Benzoquinone KW - Self-assembled monolaye Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/elan.202100113 SN - 1521-4109 VL - 33 IS - 9 SP - 2062 EP - 2070 ER - TY - GEN A1 - González-Castaño, Miriam A1 - Navarro de Miguel, Juan Carlos A1 - Pernkova, A. A1 - Centeno, Miguel Angel A1 - Odriozola, José Antonio A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Ni/YMnO3 perovskite catalyst for CO2 methanation T2 - Applied Materials Today N2 - Ni/YMnO3 perovskite catalyst for CO2 methanation KW - Ni catalysts KW - CO2 methanation KW - YMnO3 perovskites KW - manganites Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmt.2021.101055 VL - 23 ER - TY - GEN A1 - González-Castaño, Miriam A1 - González-Arias, Judith A1 - Sánchez, Marta Elena A1 - Cara-Jiménez, Jorge A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Syngas production using CO2-rich residues: From ideal to real operating conditions T2 - Journal of CO2 utilization KW - RWGS KW - Cu-Mn catalyst KW - CO2-rich residual gas KW - alumina KW - SiO2 KW - CeO2 Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcou.2021.101661 SN - 2212-9839 VL - 52 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Trieschmann, Jan A1 - Wright Larsen, Axel A1 - Mussenbrock, Thomas A1 - Korsholm, Søren Bang T1 - Kinetic simulation of electron cyclotron resonance assisted gas breakdown in split-biased waveguides for ITER collective Thomson scattering diagnostic T2 - Physics of Plasmas Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0055461 SN - 1089-7674 VL - 28 IS - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Urbig, Diemo A1 - Reif, Karina A1 - Lengsfeld, Stephan A1 - Procher, Vivien D. T1 - Promoting or Preventing Entrepreneurship? Employers’ perceptions of and reactions to employees’ entrepreneurial side jobs T2 - Technological Forecasting and Social Change N2 - Many entrepreneurs start their businesses while staying employed. Although such businesses are theorized to have positive and negative effects on employers’ businesses, employers’ perceptions and reactions to subordinates’ entrepreneurial side businesses are mostly unexplored. Based on a vignette study of 988 managers, we find that employers acknowledge both opportunities related to increased job performance and job attitudes as well as threats emerging from enterprising employees. Employers’ prior experiences with enterprising employees make them perceive positive consequences as more likely. Situational factors affect the outcome expectancies and moderate the relationships between these outcome expectancies and employer behavior. We discuss implications of our findings for fostering entrepreneurial mindsets in established organizations and for the emergence of entrepreneurship. KW - Entrepreneurship KW - Second-job entrepreneurship KW - hybrid entrepreneurship KW - employer KW - corporate entrepreneurship Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.121032 SN - 0040-1625 VL - 172 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Noatschk, Katharina A1 - Hofmann, E. V. S. A1 - Dabrowski, Jarek Marek A1 - Curson, Neil J. A1 - Schröder, Thomas A1 - Klesse, Wolfgang Matthias A1 - Seibold, Götz T1 - Ge(001) surface reconstruction with Sn impurities T2 - Surface Science N2 - Defects play an important role for surface reconstructions and therefore also influence the substrate growth. In this work we present a first principle calculation for the Ge(001) surface without and with tin impurities incorporated into the top surface layer. By mapping the system onto an Ising-type model, with interaction constants taken from density functional theory, the stability of the surface reconstructions under the influence of different concentrations of tin impurities is explored. This approach allows us to simulate the possible phase transitions for the different surface reconstructions including the local structure around the tin impurity atoms. In addition, we compare our theoretical results with experimental STM images on clean and Sn-doped Ge(100) surfaces. KW - Gesn KW - DFT KW - Monte carlo simulations KW - Surface reconstruction KW - Impurities Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0039602821001163?dgcid=author U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susc.2021.121912 VL - 713 SP - 1 EP - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Simon David A1 - Ammar, Kais A1 - Dornisch, Wolfgang A1 - Forest, Samuel A1 - Müller, Ralf T1 - Phase field model for the martensitic transformation: comparison of the Voigt/Taylor and Khachaturyan approach T2 - Continuum Mechanics and Thermodynamics Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00161-021-01007-1 SN - 0935-1175 SN - 1432-0959 VL - 33 IS - 5 SP - 2075 EP - 2094 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bürger, Patrick A1 - Riebel, Ulrich T1 - Formation of highly resistive SiO2 nanoparticle layers from the aerosol by electrostatic precipitation at 200 °C: Observations on back corona and nanoparticle layer structure T2 - Journal of Nanoparticle Research KW - SiO2 aerosol KW - Nanoparticle layers KW - Highly resistive dust KW - Back corona KW - Electrostatic precipitation KW - Thermionic field emission Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-021-05292-4 SN - 1572-896X SN - 1388-0764 VL - 23 IS - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ballaschk, Cindy A1 - Wachs, Sebastian A1 - Krause, Norman A1 - Schulze-Reichelt, Friederike A1 - Kansok-Dusche, Julia A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Schubarth, Wilfried T1 - „Dann machen halt alle mit.“ Eine qualitative Studie zu Beweggründen und Motiven für Hatespeech unter Schüler*innen T2 - Diskurs Kindheits- und Jugendforschung N2 - Das Thema Hatespeech rückt immer mehr in den Fokus der Öffentlichkeit und der Forschung. Im Gegensatz zu Hatespeech im Internet wird jedoch Hatespeech unter Jugendlichen, die von Angesicht zu Angesicht im Schulkontext ausgeübt wird, kaum beachtet. Hier setzt die vorliegende Studie an, in der Schüler*innen (n = 55), Lehrkräfte (n = 18) und Sozialpädagog*innen (n =16) auf der Basis leitfadengestützter Interviews dazu befragt wurden, was mögliche Beweggründe und Motive dafür sind, dass Schüler*innen Hatespeech in der Lebenswelt Schule und online ausüben. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass mögliche Beweggründe für Hatespeech Angst vor Statusverlust, Gruppendruck, Provokation, Spaß, politisch-ideologische Überzeugung und Kompensation von Frust- und Minderwertigkeitsgefühlen sind. Darüber hinaus wird verdeutlicht, dass sich hinter diesen Gründen für Hatespeech oftmals Grundmotive nach Macht und Zugehörigkeit abzeichnen. Die Ergebnisse werden in Bezug auf anschließende Forschung und praktische Implikationen diskutiert. KW - Hatespeech KW - Hassrede KW - Gründe KW - Motive KW - Schule Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.budrich-journals.de/index.php/diskurs/article/view/37689 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3224/diskurs.v16i4.01 SN - 1862-5002 VL - 16 IS - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Saha, Sanjit Kumar A1 - Schmitt, Ingo T1 - Quantitative Weighting Approach for Non-TI Clustering T2 - Procedia Computer Science N2 - To enable users to influence clusters of a social network by their external feedback, we present an adaptive clustering-based quantitative weighting approach. Intrinsically, Persons in a social network are connected and their homogeneity is reflected based on the similarity of their attributes. But all attributes do not have the same influence on the network and thus may affect to form the network and compromise the quality of resulting clusters. The introduced weighting approach is completely embedded in logic and has the capability of assigning query weights to atomic conditions in user interaction. Hence, the presented system supports users by offering an intuitive feedback formulation without deeper knowledge of the underlying attributes of objects. Experiments demonstrate the benefits of our approach. KW - Clustering KW - Social Network KW - Condition Weighting KW - Triangle Inequality KW - Clique Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877050921007675 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2021.03.119 SN - 1877-0509 VL - 184 SP - 966 EP - 971 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Braune, Steffen A1 - Krüger-Genge, Anne A1 - Kammerer, Sarah A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner T1 - Phycocyanin from Arthrospira platensis as Potential Anti-Cancer Drug: Review of In Vitro and In Vivo Studies T2 - Life Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/11/2/91 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/life11020091 VL - 11 IS - 2 SP - 91 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ocker, Christof A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Czwielong, Felix A1 - Krömer, Florian A1 - Pannert, Wolfram A1 - Merkel, Markus A1 - Becker, Stefan T1 - Permeable Leading Edges for Airfoil and Fan Noise Reduction in Disturbed Inflow T2 - AIAA Journal Y1 - 2021 UR - https://arc.aiaa.org/doi/10.2514/1.J060396 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2514/1.J060396 SN - 1533-385X VL - 59 IS - 12 SP - 4969 EP - 4986 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Aissani, Linda A1 - Fellah, Mamoun A1 - Chadli, Abdel Hakim A1 - Samad, Mohammed Abdul A1 - Cheriet, Abderrahmane A1 - Salhi, Faiza A1 - Nouveau, Corinne A1 - Weiß, Sabine A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Alhussein, Akram T1 - Investigating the effect of nitrogen on the structural and tribo-mechanical behavior of vanadium nitride thin films deposited using R.F. magnetron sputtering T2 - Journal of Materials Science N2 - Magnetron sputtering is one of the most commonly used deposition techniques, which has received considerable attention in industrial applications. In particular, owing to its compatibility with conventional fabrication processes, it can produce and fabricate high-quality dense thin films of a wide range of materials. In the present study, nitrogen (N) was combined with pure vanadium in order to form binary nitride to improve its mechanical and tribological performance. To evaluate the influence of nitrogen on the structure of the as-deposited vanadium nitride (VN) coatings, the following techniques were used: XPS, XRD, SEM, AFM and optical profilometry. The residual stresses were determined by the curvature method using Stoney’s formula. The hardness and Young’s modulus were obtained by nanoindentation measurements. The friction behavior and wear characteristics of the films were evaluated by using a ball-on-disk tribometer. The obtained results showed that the N/V ratio increased with increasing the N2 flow rate while the deposition rate decreased. The preferred orientation was changed from (200) to (111) as the N2 flow rate increased with the presence of V–N and V–O binding energies as confirmed by XPS analysis. The nitrogen addition resulted in a columnar morphology and a fine structure with fine surface roughness. The VN thin film containing 49.5 at.% of nitrogen showed the best performance: highest mechanical properties (hardness = 25 GPa), lowest friction coefficient (μ = 0.37) and lowest wear rate (Ws = 2.72 × 10−5 mm3N−1 m−1). A good correlation between the film microstructure, crystallite size, residual stress and mechanical and tribological properties was observed. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-021-06393-0 SN - 1573-4803 SN - 0022-2461 VL - 56 IS - 30 SP - 17319 EP - 17336 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Noack, Martin A1 - Kühhorn, Arnold A1 - Kober, Markus A1 - Firl, Matthias T1 - A new stress-based topology optimization approach for finding flexible structures T2 - Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization N2 - This paper presents a new FE-based stress-related topology optimization approach for finding bending governed flexible designs. Thereby, the knowledge about an output displacement or force as well as the detailed mounting position is not necessary for the application. The newly developed objective function makes use of the varying stress distribution in the cross section of flexible structures. Hence, each element of the design space must be evaluated with respect to its stress state. Therefore, the method prefers elements experiencing a bending or shear load over elements which are mainly subjected to membrane stresses. In order to determine the stress state of the elements, we use the principal stresses at the Gauss points. For demonstrating the feasibility of the new topology optimization approach, three academic examples are presented and discussed. As a result, the developed sensitivity-based algorithm is able to find usable flexible design concepts with a nearly discrete 0 − 1 density distribution for these examples. KW - Topology optimization KW - Flexible structure KW - Stress-based KW - SIMP KW - Conceptual design Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00158-021-02960-w SN - 1615-147X SN - 1615-1488 VL - 64 IS - 4 SP - 1997 EP - 2007 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meißner, André A1 - Efimova, Anastasia A1 - Schmidt, Peer T1 - Impacts of TGA furnace parameters for prediction of long-term thermal stability of ionic liquids T2 - Thermochimica Acta N2 - The concept of maximum operation temperature is established for the prediction of the time dependent thermal stability of ionic liquids based on kinetic evaluation of thermogravimetric analysis. The influence of the furnace control parameters on the maximum operation temperature (MOT) is shown using the example of 1-methyl-3-propylimidazolium iodide ([C3C1im]I) with respect to three different parameter sets of a programmed proportional integral derivative (PID) controller of the TGA. Kinetics of thermal decomposition of [C3C1im]I have been investigated with the implementation of an improved kinetic model. The activation energy obtained using the Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose equation showed variations apparently due to the decomposition degree. The model compound is decomposed by a one-step kinetics, which results from pseudo zero order relationship of the activation energy to the conversion rate. The activation energy, pre-exponential factor, and the activation energy are strongly dependent on the parameters of TGA furnace controller. KW - Ionic liquid KW - Thermal analysis KW - Thermal decomposition Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040603121000587#! U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2021.178917 VL - 704 SP - 178917-1 EP - 178917-7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ivshin, Kamil A1 - Metlushka, Kirill A1 - Zinnatullin, Ruzal A1 - Nikitina, Kristina A1 - Pashagin, Alexander A1 - Zakharychev, Dmitry V. A1 - Efimova, Anastasia A1 - Kiiamov, Airat A1 - Latypov, Shamil A1 - Kataeva, Olga T1 - Competitive Hydrogen Bonding and Unprecedented Polymorphism in Selected Chiral Phosphorylated Thioureas T2 - Crystal Growth Design N2 - New racemic and enantiopure N-phosphorylated thioureas bearing 1-phenylethyl or tetrahydronaphthalenyl fragments were synthesized. According to NMR data assisted by DFT calculations, the preferred conformation is stabilized by an intramolecular hydrogen bond. This form in solution is in equilibrium with dimeric N–H···S hydrogen-bonded associates, the population depending on the concentration. In the crystalline phase the low-energy conformation with an intramolecular H-bond is realized only in the racemic tetrahydronaphthalenyl derivative. In most crystals various types of intermolecular hydrogen bonding are observed, accompanied by the formation of infinite linear chains or helical structures. Due to the conformational lability of compounds and competitive intermolecular H-bonding, multiple polymorphic modifications are formed. Therefore, crystallization of enantiopure 1-phenylethyl derivatives from various solvents results in concomitant polymorphs at room temperature. One of them undergoes reversible two-step phase transitions from the high-symmetry I41 space group (Z′ = 1, no disorder) via the P41 space group (Z′ = 6) to the monoclinic P21 space group (Z′ = 16) accompanied by drastic concerted conformational changes. Notably, the optimization of the crystal packing is observed upon phase transitions with a gradual reduction of the void space in the unit cell from 4.5% to 0.8%. This is a rare case of several high-Z′ polymorphs for one compound, with chirality playing an important role. KW - Crystal growth KW - Crystal structure KW - Thermal analysis KW - Polymorphism Y1 - 2021 UR - https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.cgd.1c00758 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.cgd.1c00758 SN - 1528-7505 SN - 1528-7483 VL - 21 IS - 9 SP - 5460 EP - 5471 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kammerer, Sarah T1 - Three-Dimensional Liver Culture Systems to Maintain Primary Hepatic Properties for Toxicological Analysis In Vitro T2 - International Journal of Molecular Sciences Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms221910214 SN - 1422-0067 VL - 22 IS - 19 ER - TY - GEN A1 - González-Arias, Judith A1 - González-Castaño, Miriam A1 - Sánchez, Marta Elena A1 - Cara-Jiménez, Jorge A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Valorization of biomass-derived CO2 residues with Cu-MnOx catalysts for RWGS reaction T2 - Renewable Energy N2 - This study delivers useful understanding towards the design of effective catalytic systems for upgrading real CO2erich residual streams derived from biomass valorization. Within this perspective, a catalysts' series based on (5 wt%) Cu - (X wt%) Mn/Al2O3with X¼0, 3, 8, and 10 is employed. The improved catalyst performance achieved through Mn incorporation is ascribed to enhanced Cu dispersions and promoted surface basic concentrations. Under standard RWGS conditions, the highest reaction rates achieved by(5 wt%) Cu - (8 wt%) Mn/Al2O3catalyst were associated to improved Cu dispersions along with the constitution of highly active Cu-MnOxdomains. Remarkably, variations on the optimal Cu to Mn ratios were detected as a function of the RWGS reaction conditions. Thus, under simulated CO2-rich residual feedstock's, i.e., in presence of CO and CH4, the further promotion on the Cu dispersion attained by the larger amounts of MnOxrendered the (5 wt%) Cu - (10 wt%) Mn/Al2O3catalyst as the best performing sample. Overall, the presented outcomes underline operative strategies for developing catalytic systems with advanced implementation potentialities. KW - CO2 waste valorization KW - CO2-Rich residues KW - Reverse water gas shift KW - CO2 reduction KW - Cu-catalysts KW - Manganese oxide Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2021.10.029 SN - 1879-0682 IS - 182 SP - 443 EP - 451 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoffmann, Stephanie A1 - Schiebel, Juliane A1 - Hufert, Frank A1 - Gremmels, Heinz-Detlef A1 - Spallek, Jacob T1 - COVID-19 among Healthcare Workers: A Prospective Serological-Epidemiological Cohort Study in a Standard Care Hospital in Rural Germany T2 - International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health N2 - Healthcare workers (HCW) play a vital role in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic control. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and the risk of COVID-19 infections in a cohort of HCW from four different risk groups (from intensive care unit to administration) of a hospital of a primary care level in rural Germany. The outcomes were monthly measures of antibody seroprevalence over a period of 6 months. Overall, a seroprevalence of 13.41% was determined, with significantly higher prevalence rates among HCW working in areas with more frequent contact to confirmed or suspected cases (30.30%, p = 0.003). The group specific differences in the risk of infection from COVID-19 were detected, as HCW groups with frequent exposure seemed to have an increased risk (RR = 3.18, p = 0.02; CI95 1.09–9.24). The findings contribute to the epidemiological understanding of the virus spread in an unvaccinated population group, which is highly relevant for the pandemic management. KW - SARS-CoV-2 KW - immunity KW - antibody KW - healthcare KW - staff KW - COVID-19 KW - seroprevalence KW - pandemic Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/20/10999 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182010999 SN - 1660-4601 VL - 18 IS - 20 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shrestha, Krishna Prasad A1 - Giri, Binod Raj A1 - Adil, Mohammad A1 - Seidel, Lars A1 - Zeuch, Thomas A1 - Farooq, Aamir A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - Detailed Chemical Kinetic Study of Acetaldehyde Oxidation and Its Interaction with NOx T2 - Energy & fuels N2 - This work entails a detailed modeling and experimental study for the oxidation kinetics of acetaldehyde (CH3CHO) and its interaction with NOx. The ignition behavior of CH3CHO/O2/Ar has been investigated in a shock tube over the temperature range of 1149 to 1542 K, with equivalence ratios of 0.5 and 1.0 and pressures near 1.2 bar. Absorbance−time profiles of acetaldehyde were recorded using a mid-IR laser during the autoignition measurements. A comprehensive kinetic model has been developed to quantitatively predict the oxidation of acetaldehyde and its interaction with NOx. The kinetic model has been validated using experimental data of this work and available literature data from shock tube, plug flow, and jet-stirred reactors, freely propagating, and burner-stabilized premixed flames. For better accuracy of the kinetic model, the thermochemistry of 14 important species in the acetaldehyde submechanism was calculated using ab initio methods. The heat of formation of these species was computed using atomization and isodesmic reaction schemes. For the first time, this modeling study examines the effect of NO on acetaldehyde oxidation behavior over a wide range of experimental conditions. In most cases, the proposed kinetic model captures the experimental trends remarkably well. Interestingly, the doping of NO in CH3CHO did not perturb the NTC behavior of CH3CHO in contrast to other fuels, such as n-heptane and dimethyl ether. However, for flow reactor conditions at 1 atm, doping with 504 ppm of NO was found to promote the reactivity of acetaldehyde by lowering the onset temperature for CH3CHO oxidation by ∼140 K. The hydroxyl radical is the main cause of this shift, which originates from the NO + HO2 = OH + NO2 reaction. Further evolution of hydroxyl radicals occurs via the “NO−NO2” looping mechanism and expedites the reactivity of the system. This experimental and modeling work sheds new light on acetaldehyde oxidation behavior and its interaction with NOx under combustion-relevant conditions. KW - NOx KW - Kinetic modeling KW - Acetaldehyde KW - Ignition delay time Y1 - 2021 UR - https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.1c01948?ref=pdf U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.1c01948 SN - 1520-5029 SN - 0887-0624 VL - 35 IS - 18 SP - 14963 EP - 14983 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Issayev, Gani A1 - Giri, Binod Raj A1 - Elbaz, Ayman M. A1 - Shrestha, Krishna Prasad A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Roberts, William L. A1 - Farooq, Aamir T1 - Ignition delay time and laminar flame speed measurements of ammonia blended with dimethyl ether: A promising low carbon fuel blend T2 - Renewable Energy N2 - Ammonia (NH3) has recently received much attention as a promising future fuel for mobility and power generation. The use of ammonia as a fueling vector can help curb global warming by cutting CO2 emissions because it is a carbon-free fuel and a hydrogen carrier with a high percentage of hydrogen atoms per unit volume. Liquid ammonia contains a higher volumetric density of hydrogen than liquid hydrogen. The low reactivity of ammonia, however, hinders its direct usage as a combustible fuel. One feasible way to boost the reactivity of ammonia is to target a dual-fuel system comprising of ammonia and a suitable combustion promoter. In this work, combustion properties of ammonia were investigated by blending it with various proportions of dimethyl ether (DME) using a rapid compression machine (RCM) and a constant volume spherical reactor (CVSR) over a wide range of experimental conditions. DME is a highly reactive fuel that may be produced in a sustainable carbon cycle with a net zero-carbon emission. Ignition delay times (IDTs) of NH3/DME blends were measured over a temperature (T) range of 649e950 K, pressures (P) of 20 and 40 bar, equivalence ratios (F) of 0.5 and 1 for a range of DME mole fractions (cDME) of 0.05e0.5 in the blends. In addition, the laminar burning velocities of NH3/DME blends were measured at P ¼ 1, 3 and 5 bar, F ¼ 0.8e1.3 and T ¼ 300 K for cDME ranging from 0.18 to 0.47. Our results suggest that DME is a good ignition promoter, resulting in a significant shortening of IDTs and an increase of flame speeds of NH3. A detailed chemical model has been developed and validated against the experimental data. Overall, our kinetic model offered reasonable predictive capabilities capturing the experimental trends over a wide range of conditions. In the worst-case scenario, our model underpredicted IDTs by a factor of ~2.5 while overpredicting laminar flame speed by ~20%. KW - DME KW - Lamianr flame speed KW - Ignition delay time KW - Kinetic modeling KW - Ammonia Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960148121014440?via%3Dihub#! U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2021.09.117 SN - 1879-0682 VL - 181 SP - 1353 EP - 1370 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Groß, Michael A1 - Sohn, Stefanie T1 - Understanding the consumer acceptance of mobile shopping: the role of consumer shopping orientations and mobile shopping touchpoints T2 - The International Review of Retail, Distribution and Consumer Research N2 - Current research emphasizes that consumer acceptance of mobile (m-)shopping increases overall order rate and size. However, there has been little knowledge on factors determining this acceptance. This study develops and empirically tests a model explaining the consumer acceptance of m-shopping by incorporating intrinsic (perceived enjoyment) and extrinsic (perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use) behavioural beliefs as well as consumer shopping orientations. A quantitative survey conducted among German smartphone users across different age groups reveals that both intrinsic and extrinsic beliefs determine consumer acceptance of m-shopping, while consumer shopping orientations shape the beliefs of m-shopping. In particular, the greater the consumers’ brand consciousness, novelty-seeking tendency, and impulsiveness the greater the perceived usefulness and/or enjoyment of m-shopping; however, consumers’ convenience consciousness weakens the perceived enjoyment. The results further indicate that the effects of shopping orientations on the beliefs are largely independent of the type of m-shopping touchpoint (i.e., m-app and m-browser). The findings provide recommendations for retailers on how to promote m-shopping and offer scholars a broad and consumeroriented explanation of the acceptance of m-shopping. KW - Mobile Shopping KW - Touchpoints KW - App KW - Acceptance KW - Shopping Orientations Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09593969.2020.1852096 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/09593969.2020.1852096 SN - 0959-3969 SN - 1466-4402 VL - 31 IS - 1 SP - 36 EP - 58 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gonzalez-Castano, Miriam A1 - Navarro de Miguel, Juan Carlos A1 - Boelte, Jens-H. A1 - Centeno, Miguel Angel A1 - Klepel, Olaf A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Assessing the impact of textural properties in Ni–Fe catalysts for CO2 methanation performance T2 - Microporous and Mesoporous Materials N2 - In heterogeneous catalysis, the benefits of employing adequate textural properties on the catalytic performances are usually stated. Nevertheless, the quantification of the extent of improvement is not an easy task since variations on the catalysts’ specific areas and pore structures might involve modifications on a number of other surface catalytic features. This study establishes the impact of the catalyst textural properties on the CO2 methanation performance by investigating bimetallic Ni–Fe catalysts supported over carbon supports with different textural properties regarding surface area and pore structure. The comparable metal loading and dispersions attained for all systems enabled establishing forthright relationships between the catalyst textural properties and CO2 methanation rate. Once the influence of the external mass diffusions on the catalysts’ performance was experimentally discarded, the estimated Thiele modulus and internal effectiveness (φ and ηEff) values showed that the catalyst performance was majorly governed by the surface reaction rate whilst the pore size affected in no significant manner within the examined range (Dpore = 10.2 to 5.8 nm). Therefore, the rapport between the catalyst performance and surface area was quantified for the CO2 methanation reaction over Ni–Fe catalysts: increasing the surface area from 572 to 802 m2/g permit obtaining ca. 10% higher CO2 conversions. KW - Ni-Fe catalysts KW - CO2 methanation KW - Surface area KW - Pore size KW - Thiele modulus Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2021.111405 SN - 1387-1811 VL - 327 ER - TY - GEN A1 - González-Arias, Judith A1 - Gomez, X. A1 - Gonzalez-Castano, Miriam A1 - Sanchez, Marta Elena A1 - Rosas, J. G. A1 - Cara-Jiménez, Jorge T1 - Insights into the product quality and energy requirements for solid biofuel production: A comparison of hydrothermal carbonization, pyrolysis and torrefaction of olive tree pruning T2 - Energy N2 - For a bio-economy establishment, understanding the energy consumption needs to produce solid biofuels is a key point. Herein, olive tree pruning was treated by both dry (pyrolysis and torrefaction) and wet (hydrothermal carbonization) thermal treatments. Product yield, solid quality and energy consumption were assessed. The solids were characterized by means of chemical and thermogravimetric analysis. For all treatments, coal-like solid products were obtained, with higher heating values (HHV) of almost 30 MJ kg−1 in most of the conditions evaluated. Chars from pyrolysis presented the greater carbon content (between 76 and 85 wt%) but also the higher ash content (ranging from 6 to 9 wt%). From an energy consumption perspective, torrefaction registered the lowest energy consumption (between 5.85 and 20.76 MJ kg−1 char). The highest energy contents per kilogram of char produced were also reflected in torrefaction samples, with values around 11 MJ kg−1 char. Although the obtained HHVs were greater for pyrolysis chars the higher mass yields obtained in torrefaction makes it more profitable. The least severe conditions allowed to obtain a positive energy balance only with the solid phase considered. Nonetheless, further room for improvement is possible since the gas and liquid phases may also be valorised. KW - Hydrothermal carbonization KW - Slow pyrolysis KW - Torrefaction KW - Olive tree pruning KW - Biofuel Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2021.122022 SN - 0360-5442 VL - Vol. 238, part C (2022) ER - TY - GEN A1 - Heimann, Thorsten A1 - Barcz, Anna A1 - Christmann, Gabriela A1 - Bembnista, Kamil A1 - Buchta-Bartodziej, Petra A1 - Michalak, Anna T1 - Vulnerability and Resilience Embedded in Discourses. Literature, Media, and Actors’ Cultural Knowledge in German and Polish River Regions T2 - Space and Culture N2 - The sociology of knowledge approach to discourse assumes that cultural knowledge—and thus cultural spaces—are generated and shared through discourse. Actors’ shared perceptions of vulnerability and practices to create resilience should be interrelated with knowledge provided by the relevant discourses of local and historical influence. However, these assumptions have not been thoroughly examined. This study compares river-related knowledge (concerning human–river relationships: ecocentric and anthropocentric perspectives) in the German and Polish literary canons, with knowledge provided in the relevant public media and the shared knowledge of local populations in flood-prone city districts along the Odra River. It concludes that actors’ river-related knowledge interrelates with the knowledge produced by national and regional discourses and that culturally shared ideas of vulnerability and resilience are discursively embedded. KW - vulnerability KW - resilience KW - floods KW - discursive embeddedness KW - sociology of knowledge approach to discourse Y1 - 2021 UR - https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/12063312211030827 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/12063312211030827 SN - 1552-8308 ER - TY - GEN A1 - González-Castaño, Miriam A1 - Hani Kour, M. A1 - González-Arias, Judith A1 - Baena-Moreno, Francisco Manuel A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Promoting bioeconomy routes: From food waste to green biomethane. A profitability analysis based on a real case study in eastern Germany T2 - Journal of Environmental Management N2 - Profitability studies are needed to establish the potential pathways required for viable biomethane production in the Brandenburg region of Germany. This work study the profitability of a potential biomethane production plant in the eastern German region of Brandenburg, through a specific practical scenario with data collected from a regional biogas plant located in Alteno (Schradenbiogas GmbH & Co. KG). Several parameters with potential economic influence such as distance of the production point to the grid, waste utilization percentage, and investment, were analyzed. The results illustrate a negative overall net present value with the scenario of no governmental investment, even when considering trading the CO2 obtained throughout the process. Subsidies needed to reach profitability varied with distance from 13.5 €/MWh to 19.3 €/MWh. For a fixed distance of 15 kms, the importance of percentage of waste utilization was examined. Only 100% of waste utilization and 75% of waste utilization would reach profitability under a reasonable subsidies scheme (16.3 and 18.8 €/MWh respectively). Concerning the importance of investment, a subsidized investment of at least 70% is demanded for positive net present values. Besides, the sensitivity analysis remarks the energy consumption of the biogas upgrading stage, the electricity price, and the energy consumption of biogas production as major parameters to be tackled for the successful implementation of biogas upgrading plants. The results here obtained invite to ponder about potential strategies to further improve the economic viability of this kind of renewable projects. In this line, using the CO2 separated to produce added-value chemicals can be an interesting alternative. KW - Biomethane production KW - Biogas upgrading KW - Green energy KW - Governmental incentives KW - Waste valorization Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113788 SN - 0301-4797 VL - 300 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Euler, Mathias A1 - Taylor, Colin T1 - Fatigue action on crane runway beams T2 - Journal of Constructional Steel Research N2 - The supporting structure ofan overhead traveling crane is subject to cyclic loading. The crane runway beams are parts ofthis structure traveled over by the crane during each cranepassage. Therefore, their fatigue resistance has to be verified according to structural Eurocode 3 in more than 30 countries that are members of European Committee for Standardization (CEN) and potentially more than 50 countriesaround the world. For the verification, the expected fatigue loading during the design service life has to be estimated. A new proposal is presented how to predict the fatigue loading of the crane runway beams based on the type of crane operation. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2020.106476 SN - 1873-5983 VL - 181 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maljaars, Johan A1 - Euler, Mathias T1 - Fatigue S-N curves of bolts and bolted connections for application in civil engineering structures T2 - International Journal of Fatigue N2 - Bolts and bolted connections are frequently used in civil engineering steel structures. This paper presents a meta study where a few thousand fatigue tests on these elements are evaluated. The evaluation reveals that current specifications in design standards need updating to account for the relevant stress parameter and production methods. This substantially reduces the scatter of the fatigue resistance. The shape and position of the fatigue resistance (S-N) curves also require updating. The results of this study have been implemented in the new revision of European standard EN 1993-1-9. This paper provides the background for the modifications. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2021.106355 SN - 1879-3452 VL - 151 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krüger, Timmo T1 - Die Energiewende im Kontext von Klima- und Demokratiekrise: Die Grenzen der Deliberation und radikaldemokratische Alternativen T2 - GAIA: Ecological Perspectives for Science and Society Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.14512/gaia.30.3.11 SN - 2625-5413 VL - 30 IS - 3 SP - 181 EP - 188 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krüger, Timmo T1 - Energiekonflikte und Demokratiekrise. Eine radikaldemokratische Perspektive auf das Ringen um Gemeinwohlziele der Energiewende T2 - Zeitschrift für Politikwissenschaft Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s41358-021-00289-w SN - 2366-2638 SN - 1430-6387 VL - 31 IS - 4 SP - 539 EP - 563 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lippert, Ingmar A1 - Mewes, Julie Sascia T1 - Data, Methods and Writing: Methodographies of STS Ethnographic Collaboration in Practice T2 - Science & Technology Studies N2 - Methods have been recognised in STS as mattering for a long time. STS ethnographies establish a boundary object with which STS scholars weave a pattern: From such ethnographic accounts we learn that knowledge is produced locally. Ethnography has over the recent decades been highlighted as a key method in STS. And that STS ethnography is specifically shaped by being often configured to consider its forms of collaboration or intervention in the field. This special issue focuses on how methods matter, specifically on how STS ethnographic collaboration and its data are translated into ethnographic writing, or performative of other reality effects. Exploring STS’s own methods-in-action brings to attention the messy landscape of method practice. Our objective in this exploration is to develop a genre of writing about method that fosters response-ability and enables the audience of research output to position themselves between the research materials and practices that were invested into the study. This special issue hopes to contribute to STS engagement with its methods by way of methodography. Methodography serves as a genre of analytic writing, that articulates specificity and scrutinises the situated practices of producing STS knowledge. KW - Science and Technology Studies KW - Ethnography KW - Method KW - Reflexivity KW - Wissenschaftsforschung Y1 - 2021 UR - https://sciencetechnologystudies.journal.fi/article/view/110597/ U6 - https://doi.org/10.23987/sts.110597 SN - 2243-4690 VL - 34 IS - 3 SP - 2 EP - 16 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wahlberg, Eric A1 - Arpaia, Riccardo A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Rossi, Matteo A1 - Fumagalli, Roberto A1 - Trabaldo, Edoardo A1 - Brookes, Nicholas B. A1 - Braicovich, Lucio A1 - Caprara, Sergio A1 - Lombardi, Floriana A1 - Gran, Ulf A1 - Ghiringhelli, Giacomo Claudio A1 - Bauch, Thilo T1 - Restored strange metal phase through suppression of charge density waves in underdoped YBa2Cu3O7–δ T2 - Science N2 - The normal state of optimally doped cuprates is dominated by the “strange metal” phase that shows a linear temperature (T) dependence of the resistivity persisting down to the lowest T. For underdoped cuprates, this behavior is lost below the pseudogap temperature T*, where charge density waves (CDWs), together with other intertwined local orders, characterize the ground state. We found that the T-linear resistivity of highly strained, ultrathin, underdoped YBa2Cu3O7–δ films is restored when the CDW amplitude, detected by resonant inelastic x-ray scattering, is suppressed. This observation suggests an intimate connection between the onset of CDWs and the departure from T-linear resistivity in underdoped cuprates. Our results illustrate the potential of using strain control to manipulate the ground state of quantum materials. KW - Cuprate superconductors KW - Charge-Density Wave Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abc8372 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abc8372 VL - 373 IS - 6562 SP - 1506 EP - 1510 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoffmann, Christin A1 - Hoppe, Julia Amelie A1 - Ziemann, Niklas T1 - Faster, Harder, Greener? Empirical Evidence on the Role of the Individual Pace of Life for Productivity and Pro-Environmental Behavior T2 - Ecological Economics Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2021.107212 SN - 0921-8009 VL - 191 (2022) ER - TY - GEN A1 - Aissani, Linda A1 - Fellah, Mamoun A1 - Belgroune, Ahlam A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Samad, Mohammed Abdul A1 - Alhussein, Akram T1 - Effect of O2 flow rate on the structure, wettability and tribo-mechanical behaviour of Zr-O-N thin films T2 - Surfaces and Interfaces N2 - Structural and tribo-mechanical properties of Zr-O-N films deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering in a mixture of Ar (flow rate = 80 sccm), N2 (flow rate = 20 sccm) and O2 with a varying flow rate of 0 to 12 sccm were investigated. The films were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray analysis, atomic force microscopy, nanoindentation and wear tests. Oxygen content have a significant effect on the microstructure, wettability, tribo-mechanical properties of Zr-O-N films. The Zr-O-N films showed a dense structure with a mixture of zirconium oxides and nitrides and the preferred orientation changed from (111) ZrN to (200) ZrN with increasing O2 flow rate. The ZrON film, deposited at an oxygen flow rate of 10 sccm exhibited the highest contact angle (147°), the highest hardness (27.1 GPa), the lowest friction coefficient (0.36) and the lowest wear rate (5.8 × 10−7 mm3.Nm−1). The improvement in the tribological performance of the ZrON film deposited at 10 sccm is attributed to the improved hardness and increased H/E and H3/E2 ratios, due to the formation of a hard solid solution by the diffusion of oxygen. KW - Magnetron sputtering KW - Zr-O-N KW - Microstructure KW - Wettability KW - Surface Energy KW - Nanoindentation KW - Friction Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2468023021005186#! U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfin.2021.101441 SN - 2468-0230 VL - 26 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Scholz, Lisa A1 - Schimböck, Florian A1 - Spallek, Jacob T1 - Community Child Health Nursing: Ein Konzept für Deutschland? T1 - Community Child Health Nursing: Conceptual ideas for Germany T2 - Public Health Forum N2 - Soziale Ungleichheit führt bereits im Kindesalter zu gesundheitlicher Benachteiligung. Gesundheitsfördernde Angebote in Deutschland sind noch unzureichend miteinander verknüpft und erreichen sozialbenachteiligte Familien nur bedingt. International ist Community Child Health Nursing (CCHN) verbreitet und bietet einen möglichen Ansatz, um die gesundheitliche Chancengleichheit von Kindern zu stärken. Dieser Beitrag diskutiert das Berufsbild der CCH-Nurses und konzeptionelle Aspekte für die Implementierung in Deutschland. KW - Community Child Health Nursing KW - Gesundheitliche Ungleichheit KW - Kinder Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/pubhef-2021-0063/html U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/pubhef-2021-0063 VL - 29 IS - 3 SP - 209 EP - 212 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mettenberger, Tobias A1 - Zscherneck, Julia A1 - Küpper, Patrick T1 - Wenn Neues aufs Land kommt. Entwicklung, Umsetzung und Verbreitung innovativer Lösungen zur digitalen Daseinsvorsorge T2 - Raumforschung und Raumordnung N2 - Digitalen Lösungen wird großes Potenzial dafür zugeschrieben, die Daseinsvorsorge in schrumpfenden ländlichen Regionen aufrecht zu erhalten. Zugleich werden diesen Räumen aber nachteilige Innovationsbedingungen attestiert, sodass die Realisierung neuartiger Ansätze schwieriger als in den Agglomerationen scheint. In diesem Zusammenhang beleuchtet eine wachsende Zahl an Studien die Praktiken der projektverantwortlichen Akteure vor Ort. Weniger im Fokus stehen hingegen Beziehungen zu überregionalen Schlüsselinstitutionen und Leistungsanbietern sowie die mit ihnen verbundenen Machtrelationen. Angesichts dieses Forschungsbedarfs gehen wir der Frage nach, welche Faktoren die Entwicklung, Umsetzung und Verbreitung neuartiger digitaler Daseinsvorsorgelösungen in ländlichen Regionen beeinflussen. In drei Fallstudien analysieren wir zwei Projekte im Handlungsfeld der medizinischen Versorgung und eines im Bereich der schulischen Bildung. Unsere problemzentrierten Interviews und Dokumentenanalysen zeigen entscheidende EinflussfaktorenindenDimensionenMacht,WissenundRaumundveranschau-lichen zugleich, dass in den verschiedenen Phasen des Pro-jektverlaufsjeweils unterschiedlicheFaktoren und Akteursbe-ziehungen bedeutend sind. Neben der Unterstützung durchSchlüsselinstitutionen und Leistungsanbieter ist insbesonde-re die Akzeptanz lokaler Leistungserbringer dafür ausschlaggebend, dass die digitalen Lösungen wirksam in die Praxis umgesetzt, im Alltaggenutzt und gegebenenfalls in andere Regionen übertragen werden. N2 - For maintaining basic service provision in shrinking rural areas, great potential is attributed to digital solutions. At the same time, however, disadvantageous conditions for innovations are attested to such spaces, so that the realisation of novel approaches seems to be difficult, compared to agglomerations. In this context, a growing body of research examines the practice of those actors, who are responsible for local projects. In contrast, a much weaker focus lays on relationships with supra-regional key institutions and service providers, as well as on the related power structures. Given that need for research, we go further into the question which factors are influencing the development, implementation and diffusion of innovative and digital solutions for rural basic serviceprovision.Our researchisbasedon threeregionalcasestudies,twoof theminthefieldofpublichealthandoneinthefield of schooling. Our problem-centred interviews and docu-mentaryresearchshowkeydriversinthedimensionsofpower,knowledge and space. Furthermore, we demonstrate a vary-ing importance of key drivers and actor relations, dependenton the project phase. Besides the support of key institutionsand mayor suppliers, the acceptance through local basic service providers is a decisive factor for effective implementation, everyday usage and potential spatial diffusion of the analysed digital solutions. KW - Daseinsvorsorge KW - Digitalisierung KW - ländliche Räume KW - Policy Mobilities KW - Innovationen KW - Basic Services KW - Digitalisation KW - Rural areas KW - Policy Mobilities KW - Innovations Y1 - 2021 UR - https://rur.oekom.de/index.php/rur/article/view/90/185 U6 - https://doi.org/10.14512/rur.90 SP - 1 EP - 15 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwarz, Astrid T1 - 新冠与身体环境:生态技术的探究 T2 - 科学·经济·社会 = Science Economy Society Y1 - 2021 UR - https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/BR-QJzsHt7Y_Zpxpm2MsIQ ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bramburger, Stefan A1 - Killat, Dirk T1 - 10-bit tracking ADC with a multi-bit quantizer, variable step size and segmented current-steering DAC T2 - Advances in Radio Science N2 - This paper presents a 10-bit tracking ADC using a multi-bit quantiser and a segmented current-steering DAC. The quantiser allows a dynamical adjustment of the step size dependent on the input signal waveform. This mitigates the limited slew rate of delta encoded ADCs. Energy consumption induced by 1 LSB ripple is removed by the quantiser. The segmented current-steering DAC allows simple control, good monotonicity and improved transient response when compared to previous design as well as potential power reduction. Y1 - 2019 UR - https://ars.copernicus.org/articles/17/161/2019/ U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/ars-17-161-2019 SN - 1684-9973 SN - 1684-9965 VL - Vol. 17 SP - 161 EP - 167 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herold, Steven A1 - Acker, Jörg T1 - Strain enhanced chemical oxidation of silicon wafer T2 - Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing N2 - The effect of strain through mechanical processing on the formation of silicon dioxide, one of the most important chemical reactions for the fabrication of semiconductors, biosensors or photovoltaics, has not yet been studied in detail. In this study, we use the surface modification of silicon by alkylsilanes and Raman microscopy techniques to visualise where different oxidants react preferentially on mechanically processed surfaces. We found that HNO3, H2O2 as well as H2SiF6 only oxidise tensile strained silicon areas and do not oxidise unstrained silicon even after long reaction times. Furthermore, a comparison between H2O2 and HNO3 in the presence of HF was also carried out and it was shown that H2O2/HF only etches away tensile strained areas, whereas HNO3/HF initially attacks the tensile strained areas but also forms NOx species. These NOx species then lead to a strain unselective, geometry-based etching mechanism. These results lead to new possibilities in strain lithography,high-precision etching, as well as in the structuring of biosensors and localisation of surface modifications. KW - silicon KW - lattice strain KW - oxidation KW - Raman KW - confocal microscopy Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mssp.2021.106105 SN - 1369-8001 VL - 135 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwarz, Astrid T1 - Framed Landscapes – or – Without a Frame there is no Landscape T2 - Iride : filosofia e discussione pubblica N2 - With the thesis «Without a frame there is no landscape» I suggest to draw attention to the praxis of a relationship to nature that comes into play when we look at a part of nature as landscape. It is discussed why it should be ascribed neither completely to the realm of a concept which alone constitutes landscape nor to a completely concept-free mode of acting and seeing. Instead, the framing of landscape must be linked to a quite particular praxis: boundaries must be drawn, details defined, materials selected and formed – paper, wood, plants, paving. The frame theory suggests three forms of landscape all being «really constructed». The practical significance of framing is discussed using the example of Kant’s landscaped garden, Humboldt’s landscape, and Greenaway’s cinematic garden drawings. It is shown that, for the time being at least, we will not be able to escape the mode of framed landscape. KW - Environmental Humanities KW - Philosophy of Landscape KW - Garden Theory KW - Aesthetic Judgment KW - Material Practice KW - Thingness Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.rivisteweb.it/doi/10.1414/101249 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1414/101249 SN - 1122-7893 VL - 34 IS - 92 SP - 29 EP - 49 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Miani, Céline A1 - Ludwig, Angelique A1 - Doyle, Ina-Merle A1 - Breckenkamp, Jürgen A1 - Höller-Holtrichter, Chantal A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Razum, Oliver T1 - The role of education and migration background in explaining differences in folic acid supplementation intake in pregnancy: Results from a German birth cohort study T2 - Public Health Nutrition N2 - Objective: Official German recommendations advise women to start taking folic acid supplementation (FAS) before conception and continue during the first pregnancy trimester to lower the risk of birth defects. Women from lower socioeconomic background and ethnic minorities tend to be less likely to take FAS in other European countries. As little is known about the determinants of FAS in Germany, we aimed to investigate the association between FAS and formal education and migration background, adjusting for demographic factors. Design: We used data (2013-2016) on nutrition and socioeconomic and migration background from the baseline questionnaire of the BaBi cohort study. We performed multivariate regressions and mediation analyses. Setting: Bielefeld, Germany. Participants: 947 women (pregnant or who had given birth in the past two months). Results: 16.7% of the participants (158/947) didn't use FAS. Migration-related variables (e.g. language, length of stay) were not associated with FAS in the adjusted models. FAS was lower in women with lower level of formal education and in unplanned pregnancies. Reasons given by women for not taking FAS were unplanned pregnancy and lack of knowledge of FAS. Conclusions: Health practitioners may be inclined to see migrant women as an inherently at-risk group for failed intake of FAS. However, it is primarily women who did not plan their pregnancy, and women of lower formal education level, who are at risk. Different public health strategies to counter low supplementation rates should be supported, those addressing the social determinants of health (i.e. education) and those more focussed on family planning. KW - Folic acid supplementation KW - Germany KW - birth cohort KW - education KW - migration KW - pregnancy Y1 - 2021 UR - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34420537/ U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980021003621 SN - 1475-2727 SP - 1 EP - 24 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Steinberg, Philip J. A1 - Urbig, Diemo A1 - Procher, Vivien D. A1 - Volkmann, Christine T1 - Knowledge transfer and home-market innovativeness: A comparison of emerging and advanced economy multinationals T2 - Journal of International Management N2 - Emerging market multinational enterprises (EMNEs) increasingly access foreign technology and knowledge by internationalizing their R&D activities. Since technological laggardness hinders efficient knowledge transfer, a successful catch-up with advanced-economy multinational enterprises (AMNEs) requires EMNEs to transfer foreign knowledge across national boundaries more effectively. However, we lack a clear understanding of how EMNEs manage this knowledge transfer and integration and to what extent the employment and effectiveness of corresponding facilitation mechanisms may differ from AMNEs. Adopting a sender-recipient model and drawing on arguments from learning theory and transaction costs economics, we suggest that EMNEs benefit more from and, consequently, are more likely to engage in mechanisms to increase recipient capabilities and sender motivation. In a comparative analysis of Chinese, Indian, German, and U.S. MNEs and focusing on frequent international exchange of R&D personnel regarding recipient capabilities and the governance of foreign R&D activities regarding sender motivation, we observe positive relationships with home-market innovation for EMNEs, but not for AMNEs. Moreover, we observe that EMNEs exploit this positive effect and are more likely to use these mechanisms when focusing on technology- than on market-seeking. KW - Innovation KW - Research and development KW - catch-up strategies KW - knowledge transfer KW - knowledge integration KW - emerging market KW - multinational enterprises KW - technological upgrading Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1075425321000533 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intman.2021.100873 SN - 1075-4253 VL - 27 IS - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ezeamama, Anayo Azubuike A1 - Albrecht, Eike T1 - Micro Combined Heat and Power Systems – Evaluation of a Sample Application T2 - Environment and Natural Resources Research Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5539/enrr.v9n3p1 SN - 1927-0488 SN - 1927-0496 VL - 9 IS - 3 SP - 1 EP - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Enow, Ernest Ako A1 - Egute, Terence Onang A1 - Albrecht, Eike T1 - Forest tenure and rights: a constraint to community forest management in Cameroon and the REDD+ initiative T2 - International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment KW - Deforestation and Forest Degradation KW - Sustainable Forest Management KW - Forest Tenure and Rights Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.18801/ijfee.030121.13 SN - 2708-5430 VL - 03 IS - 01 SP - 121 EP - 129 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Tingyi A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Silva, Charitha de A1 - Fischer, Jeoffrey A1 - Doolan, Con A1 - Moreau, Danielle J. T1 - Experimental Investigation of Tip Vortex Formation Noise Produced by Wall-Mounted Finite Airfoils T2 - Journal of Aerospace Engineering Y1 - 2021 UR - https://ascelibrary.org/doi/10.1061/%28ASCE%29AS.1943-5525.0001315 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)AS.1943-5525.0001315 SN - 1943-5525 VL - 34 IS - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoppe-Herfurth, Anne-Cathrin A1 - Burkhardt, Birgit A1 - John, Nancy A1 - Bilz, Ludwig T1 - Two aspects of health literacy and their importance for the use of health-promotion measures by teachers in the school setting T2 - Health Education N2 - Purpose. Teachers are exposed to many stressors. Compared to other occupational groups, they are more frequently affected by psychosomatic complaints. In recent decades, numerous prevention and intervention measures for promoting health have been developed and implemented for this target group. However, it remains unclear how the uptake of health-promotion measures (HPMs) by teachers can be increased in order to prevent stress-related disorders. This paper examines two facets of health literacy—health awareness and health value—in terms of their importance in both the take-up and intended take-up of HPMs. Design/methodology/approach. In the 2017/2018 school year, data were collected by paper and pencil from a representative sample of 830 teachers across all school types in the German State of Brandenburg. Findings. Teachers who place great value on their own health show significantly higher levels of take-up and intended take-up of HPMs. The findings regarding health awareness are more heterogeneous. Further associations were found with age and psychosocial stress. Originality/value. While there has been growing academic interest in developing HPMs for teachers, there has been relatively little focus on the factors that may influence the implementation and uptake of these measures. The paper contributes to addressing this gap by shedding light on the relevance of two facets of health literacy. Strengthening the perceived importance of health could be a starting point for increasing the use of HPMs by teachers and thus improving their health. KW - Health promotion KW - Health literacy KW - Teacher health KW - Health care utilization KW - Health value Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1108/HE-06-2021-0091 SN - 0965-4283 IS - 6 SP - 554 EP - 568 PB - Vol. 121 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Beveridge, Ross A1 - Featherstone, David T1 - Introduction: Anti-politics, austerity and spaces of politicisation T2 - Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space N2 - In this introduction we first set out an engagement with the interconnections between forms of anti-politics and spaces of politicization and how these are figured in the special issue. We then detail the ways the papers in the special issue examine questions of depoliticization and politicization of austerity. The final section briefly outlines some key ways in which we envision emergent lines of progressive politicization emerging from the left. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/23996544211004188 SN - 2399-6544 VL - 39 IS - 3 SP - 437 EP - 450 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Beveridge, Ross A1 - Naumann, Matthias T1 - Progressive Urbanism in Small Towns: The Contingencies of Governing from the Left T2 - Urban Affairs Review Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/10780874211055834 SN - 1552-8332 VL - 59 IS - 1 SP - 43 EP - 72 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Thole, Werner A1 - Engel, Alexandra A1 - Retkowski, Alexandra A1 - Drews, Katja A1 - Schametat, Jan A1 - Gumz, Heike A1 - Trostmann, Julian T1 - Felder und Akteur*innen kultureller Bildung in ländlichen Räumen: Interregionale Vergleichsstudie zu den Arrangements, zur Praxis und den Praktiken kultureller Bildung T2 - Soziale Passagen KW - Kulturelle Bildung Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12592-021-00372-7 SN - 1867-0199 SN - 1867-0180 VL - 13 IS - 1 SP - 189 EP - 194 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Martens, Christian A1 - Seibold, Götz T1 - Non-equilibrium dynamics of stripes in cuprate superconductors T2 - Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials N2 - We use the time-dependent Gutzwiller approximation for the single-band Hubbard model to analyze the non-equilibrium dynamics for stripe ground states. In particular, we are interested in the interplay between spin and charge dynamics which is analyzed by quenching the system either in the charge or spin sector. This allows us to investigate the coupled relaxation dynamics as a function of the supplied energy. Further insight is provided by mapping the Gutzwiller dynamics onto a time-dependent Landau approach which lacks the double occupancy contribution to the time-evolution but allows to tune the coupling between spin- and charge degrees of freedom. KW - Hubbard model KW - Gutzwiller approximation KW - Landau KW - Non-equilibrium KW - Charge order KW - Spin order Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S030488532100812X U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2021.168565 SN - 1873-4766 VL - 543 SP - 1 EP - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Arcondoulis, Elias A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Liu, Yu T1 - An acoustic investigation of non-uniformly structured porous coated cylinders in uniform flow T2 - The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Y1 - 2021 UR - https://asa.scitation.org/doi/full/10.1121/10.0005886 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0005886 SN - 1520-8524 VL - 150 SP - 1231 EP - 1242 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rietig, Anja A1 - Grafe, Hans-Joachim A1 - Acker, Jörg T1 - New insights into boron species in acidic digestion solutions of boron-doped silicon T2 - Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry N2 - The exact and precise determination of the boron concentration in silicon is still a challenge. A systematic investigation dealing with the digestions of 60 silicon samples with HF-HNO3 and subsequent boron determination by ICP-OES revealed that the concentration found could be up to 60% lower than the actual boron concentration depending on the composition of the sample solution. As the original boron–silicon compound that was identified was colloidally precipitated in the presence of an excess of hydrofluoric acid and then partially retained by filtration or by the sample introduction system, systematic lower boron concentrations were determined. In acidic, HF-free digestion solutions, this compound existed in a soluble form parallel to the borate in B(OH)4−. In an excess of hydrofluoric acid, the compound was converted into the colloidal form and, in parallel, B(OH)4− was converted to tetrafluoroborate, BF4−. For the composition of the colloidal compound, a molar ratio of boron to silicon of 1 : 4 could be determined. 11B-ss-NMR analysis revealed a tetrahedral geometry compound with a central boron atom surrounded by four silicon atoms. It is assumed that a soluble form with four –Si(OH)3 groups was present in the hydrofluoric acid-free solutions, while an insoluble form with four –SiF3 groups was present in HF-containing solution. KW - silicon KW - ICP-OES KW - etching KW - hydrofluoric acid KW - nitric acid KW - 11B-NMR KW - high-precision chemical analysis KW - boron KW - digestion Y1 - 2021 UR - https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2021/ja/d1ja00190f SN - 1364-5544 VL - 36 IS - 11 SP - 2492 EP - 2500 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Friedrich, Ines A1 - Bodenberger, Bernhard A1 - Neubauer, Hannes A1 - Hertel, Robert A1 - Daniel, Rolf T1 - Down in the pond: Isolation and characterization of a new Serratia marcescens strain (LVF3) from the surface water near frog's lettuce (Groenlandia densa) T2 - PLoS One N2 - Serratia marcescens is a species that belongs to the family of Yersiniaceae. This family comprises taxa representing opportunistic human- and phytopathogens but also plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). This study describes a novel Gram-negative strain (LVF3R) of the species Serratia marcescens. The strain was characterized genomically, morphologically, and physiologically. In addition, the potential of the isolate to act as a host strain to assess the diversity of Serratia associated phages in environmental samples was explored. Average nucleotide identity analysis revealed that LVF3R belongs to the species Serratia marcescens. In silico analysis and ProphageSeq data resulted in the identification of one prophage, which is capable of viral particle formation. Electron microscopy showed cells of a rod-shaped, flagellated morphotype. The cells revealed a length and width of 1-1.6 μm and 0.8 μm, respectively. LVF3R showed optimal growth at 30 C and in the presence of up to 2% (w/v) NaCl. It exhibited resistances to ampicillin, erythromycin, oxacillin, oxytetracycline, rifampicin, tetracycline, and vancomycin. Genome data indicate that strain S. marcescens LVF3R is a potential PGPR strain. It harbors genes coding for indole acetic acid (IAA) biosynthesis, siderophore production, plant polymer degradation enzymes, acetoin synthesis, flagellar proteins, type IV secretion system, chemotaxis, phosphorous solubilization, and biofilm formation. Y1 - 2021 UR - https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0259673 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259673 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 16 IS - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Topolnitskiy, Evgeniy A1 - Chekalkin, Timofey A1 - Marchenko, Ekaterina A1 - Yasenchuk, Yuri A1 - Kang, Seung-Baik A1 - Kang, Ji-Hoon A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei T1 - Evaluation of Clinical Performance of TiNi-Based Implants Used in Chest Wall Repair after Resection for Malignant Tumors T2 - Journal of Functional Biomaterials N2 - In this study, we assessed the outcomes after surgical treatment of thoracic post-excision defects in 15 patients, using TiNi knitted surgical meshes and customized artificial TiNi-based ribs. Methods: Eight patients were diagnosed with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) invading the chest wall, of which five patients were T3N0M0, two were T3N1M0, and one was T3N2M0. Squamous cell carcinoma was identified in three of these patients and adenocarcinoma in five. In two cases, chest wall resection and repair were performed for metastases of kidney cancer after radical nephrectomy. Three-dimensional CT reconstruction and X-ray scans were used to plan the surgery and customize the reinforcing TiNi-based implants. All patients received TiNi-based devices and were prospectively followed for a few years. Results: So far, there have been no lethal outcomes, and all implanted devices were consistent in follow-up examinations. Immediate complications were noted in three cases (ejection of air through the pleural drains, paroxysm of atrial fibrillation, and pleuritis), which were conservatively managed. In the long term, no complications, aftereffects, or instability of the thoracic cage were observed. Conclusion: TiNi-based devices used for extensive thoracic lesion repair in this context are promising and reliable biomaterials that demonstrate good functional, clinical, and cosmetic outcomes. KW - non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) KW - thoracic lesion KW - chest wall reconstruction KW - TiNi artificial rib KW - TiNi mesh implant Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4983/12/4/60/htm U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/jfb12040060 SN - 2079-4983 VL - 12 IS - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Beveridge, Ross A1 - Koch, Philippe T1 - Contesting austerity, de-centring the state: Anti-politics and the political horizon of the urban T2 - Environment and Planning C: Politics and Space Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/2399654419871299 SN - 2399-6544 SN - 2399-6552 VL - 39 IS - 3 SP - 451 EP - 468 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Michalik, Stephan A1 - Reder, Alexander A1 - Richts, Björn A1 - Faßhauer, Patrick A1 - Mäder, Ulrike A1 - Pedreira, Tiago A1 - Poehlein, Anja A1 - Heel, Auke van A1 - Tilburg, Amanda van A1 - Altenbuchner, Josef A1 - Klewing, Anika A1 - Reuß, Daniel A1 - Daniel, Rolf A1 - Commichau, Fabian M. A1 - Kuipers, Oscar A1 - Hamoen, Leendert A1 - Völker, Uwe A1 - Stülke, Jörg T1 - The Bacillus subtilis Minimal Genome Compendium T2 - ACS Synthetic Biology N2 - To better understand cellular life, it is essential to decipher the contribution of individual components and their interactions. Minimal genomes are an important tool to investigate these interactions. Here, we provide a database of 105 fully annotated genomes of a series of strains with sequential deletion steps of the industrially relevant model bacterium Bacillus subtilis starting with the laboratory wild type strain B. subtilis 168 and ending with B. subtilis PG38, which lacks approximately 40% of the original genome. The annotation is supported by sequencing of key intermediate strains as well as integration of literature knowledge for the annotation of the deletion scars and their potential effects. The strain compendium presented here represents a comprehensive genome library of the entire MiniBacillus project. This resource will facilitate the more effective application of the different strains in basic science as well as in biotechnology. Y1 - 2021 UR - https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acssynbio.1c00339 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acssynbio.1c00339 SN - 2161-5063 VL - 10 IS - 10 SP - 2767 EP - 2771 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mahmoodinezhad, Ali A1 - Morales, Carlos A1 - Naumann, Franziska A1 - Plate, Paul A1 - Meyer, Robert A1 - Janowitz, Christoph A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Kot, Małgorzata A1 - Zöllner, Marvin Hartwig A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo T1 - Low-temperature atomic layer deposition of indium oxide thin films using trimethylindium and oxygen plasma T2 - Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology A N2 - Indium oxide (InxOy) thin films were deposited by plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) using trimethylindium and oxygen plasma in a low-temperature range of 80–200 °C. The optical properties, chemical composition, crystallographic structure, and electrical characteristics of these layers were investigated by spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), x-ray diffraction (XRD), as well as current-voltage and capacitance-voltage measurements. The SE results yielded a nearly constant growth rate of 0.56 Å per cycle and a thickness inhomogeneity of ≤1.2% across 4-in. substrates in the temperature range of 100–150 °C. The refractive index (at 632.8 nm) was found to be 2.07 for the films deposited at 150 °C. The PEALD-InxOy layers exhibit a direct (3.3 ± 0.2 eV) and an indirect (2.8 ± 0.1 eV) bandgap with an uptrend for both with increasing substrate temperature. Based on XPS characterization, all InxOy samples are free of carbon impurities and show a temperature-dependent off-stoichiometry indicating oxygen vacancies. XRD diffraction patterns demonstrate an onset of crystallization at 150 °C. Consistent with the optical, XPS, and XRD data, the films deposited at ≥150 °C possess higher electrical conductivity. Our findings prove that a low-temperature PEALD process of InxOy is feasible and promising for a high-quality thin-film deposition without chemical impurities on thermally fragile substrates. KW - Indium oxide KW - Plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition KW - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy KW - Ellipsometry KW - X-ray diffraction KW - Electrical properties Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1116/6.0001375 SN - 0734-2101 SN - 1520-8559 VL - 39 IS - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Das, Chittaranjan A1 - Zia, Waqas A1 - Mortan, Claudiu A1 - Hussain, Navid A1 - Saliba, Michael A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo A1 - Kot, Małgorzata T1 - Top-Down Approach to Study Chemical and Electronic Properties of Perovskite Solar Cells: Sputtered Depth Profiling Versus Tapered Cross-Sectional Photoelectron Spectroscopies T2 - Solar RRL N2 - A study of the chemical and electronic properties of various layers across perovskite solar cell (PSC) stacks is challenging. Depth-profiling photoemission spectroscopy can be used to study the surface, interface, and bulk properties of different layers in PSCs, which influence the overall performance of these devices. Herein, sputter depth profiling (SDP) and tapered cross-sectional (TCS) photoelectron spectroscopies (PESs) are used to study highly efficient mixed halide PSCs. It is found that the most used SDP-PES technique degrades the organic and deforms the inorganic materials during sputtering of the PSCs while the TCS-PES method is less destructive and can determine the chemical and electronic properties of all layers precisely. The SDP-PES dissociates the chemical bonding in the spiro-MeOTAD and perovskite layer and reduces the TiO2, which causes the chemical analysis to be unreliable. The TCS-PES revealed a band bending only at the spiro-MeOTAD/perovskite interface of about 0.7 eV. Both the TCS and SDP-PES show that the perovskite layer is inhomogeneous and has a higher amount of bromine at the perovskite/TiO2 interface. KW - chemical distributions KW - depth profiles KW - interfaces KW - perovskite solar cells KW - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202100298 SN - 2367-198X VL - 5 IS - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krähnert, Kati A1 - Osberghaus, Daniel A1 - Hott, Christian A1 - Teklegiorgis Habtemariam, Lemlem A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Hecker, Lutz Philip A1 - Fluhrer, Svenja T1 - Insurance Against Extreme Weather Events: An Overview T2 - Review of Economics Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/roe-2021-0024 SN - 0948-5139 SN - 2366-035X VL - 72 IS - 2 SP - 71 EP - 95 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Da Silva, Bruno A. A1 - Lima, Arthur M. A1 - Garcia, Janier Arias A1 - Hübner, Michael A1 - Yudi, Jones T1 - A Manycore Vision Processor for Real-Time Smart Cameras T2 - Sensors Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/s21217137 SN - 1424-8220 VL - 21 IS - 21 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Szabo, Peter A1 - Meier, Martin A1 - Meyer, Antoine A1 - Barry, Elhadj A1 - Motuz, Vasyl A1 - Mutabazi, Innocent A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - PIV and shadowgraph measurements of thermo-electrohydrodynamic convection in a horizontal aligned differentially heated annulus at different gravity conditions T2 - Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0894177721001175?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2021.110470 SN - 1879-2286 VL - 129 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Böllmann, Jörg A1 - Martienssen, Marion T1 - Comparison of different media for the detection of denitrifying and nitrate reducing bacteria in mesotrophic aquatic environments by the most probable number method T2 - Journal of Microbiological Methods N2 - The cultivation based characterization of microbial communities and the quantification of certain functional bacterial groups is still an essential part of microbiology and microbial ecology. For plate count methods meanwhile low strength media are recommended, since they cover a broader range of different species and result in higher counts compared to established high strength media. For liquid media, as they are used for most probable number (MPN) quantifications, comparisons between high and low strength media are rare. In this study we compare the performance of different high and low strength media for the MPN quantification of nitrate reducing and denitrifying bacteria in two different fresh water environments. We also calculated the cell specific turnover rates of several denitrifying cultures previously enriched in high and low strength media from three different fresh water environments and a waste water treatment plant. For fresh water samples, our results indicate that high strength media detect higher MPN of denitrifying bacteria and in equal MPN of nitrate reducing bacteria compared to low strength media, which is in contrary to plate count techniques. For sediment samples, high and low strength media performed equal. The cell specific turnover rate was independent from the enrichment media and the media of the performance test. The cause of the lower denitrifyer MPN in low strength media remains, however, unclear. The results are important for further MPN quantifications of bacteria in nutrient poor environments and for calculations of nitrogen turnover rates by kinetical models using the number of metabolic active cells as one parameter. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2019.105808 SN - 1872-8359 VL - 168 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schröder, Lena A1 - Werder, Dina von A1 - Ramaioli, Cecilia A1 - Wachtler, Thomas A1 - Henningsen, Peter A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Lehnen, Nadine T1 - Unstable Gaze in Functional Dizziness: A Contribution to Understanding the Pathophysiology of Functional Disorders T2 - Frontiers in Neuroscience N2 - Objective: We are still lacking a pathophysiological mechanism for functional disorders explaining the emergence and manifestation of characteristic, severely impairing bodily symptoms like chest pain or dizziness. A recent hypothesis based on the predictive coding theory of brain function suggests that in functional disorders, internal expectations do not match the actual sensory body states, leading to perceptual dysregulation and symptom perception. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the account of internal expectations and sensory input on gaze stabilization, a physiologically relevant parameter of gaze shifts, in functional dizziness. Methods: We assessed gaze stabilization in eight functional dizziness patients and 11 healthy controls during two distinct epochs of large gaze shifts: during a counter- rotation epoch (CR epoch), where the brain can use internal models, motor planning, and resulting internal expectations to achieve internally driven gaze stabilization; and during an oscillation epoch (OSC epoch), where, due to terminated motor planning, no movement expectations are present, and gaze is stabilized by sensory input alone. Results: Gaze stabilization differed between functional patients and healthy controls only when internal movement expectations were involved [F(1,17) = 14.63, p = 0.001, and partial η2 = 0.463]: functional dizziness patients showed reduced gaze stabilization during the CR (p = 0.036) but not OSC epoch (p = 0.26). Conclusion: While sensory-driven gaze stabilization is intact, there are marked, well- measurable deficits in internally-driven gaze stabilization in functional dizziness pointing at internal expectations that do not match actual body states. This experimental evidence supports the perceptual dysregulation hypothesis of functional disorders and is an important step toward understanding the underlying pathophysiology. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2021.685590 SN - 1662-453X SN - 1662-4548 VL - 15 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jokisch, Torsten A1 - Doynov, Nikolay A1 - Ossenbrink, Ralf A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Heat source model for electron beam welding of nickel-based superalloys T2 - Materials testing : Materialprüfung Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2020-0002 SN - 2195-8572 SN - 0025-5300 VL - 63 IS - 1 SP - 17 EP - 28 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Valkov, Stefan A1 - Kotlarski, Georgi A1 - Ormanova, Maria A1 - Doynov, Nikolay A1 - Ossenbrink, Ralf A1 - Petrov, Peter A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Crystallography and Mechanical Properties of Wire Arc Additively Manufactured Al5356 Components T2 - Comptes Rendus de L'Academie Bulgare des Sciences N2 - In this study, we present results of the evolution of the crystallographic texture and imperfections, as well as the corresponding mechanical properties of wire and arc additively manufactured (WAAM) Al5356 specimens, studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and tensile testing, respectively. The results show that the phase composition is in the form of a face-centred cubic (fcc) crystal structure, corresponding to the base material, as well as some traces of oxide phase Al2O3. The WAAM specimen growing is accompanied by a slight change in the preferred crystallographic orientation, from (111) to (200) and a decrease in the imperfections concentration. Also, it was found that the ultimate tensile strength (UTS), yield strength (YS), and elongation slightly decrease from the initial to the more advanced stages of growth. KW - wire arc additive manufacturing KW - Al5356 alloy KW - crystallography KW - mechanical properties Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.7546/CRABS.2021.06.03 SN - 1310-1331 VL - 74 IS - No. 6 SP - 820 EP - 827 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Caviedes-Voullième, Daniel A1 - Ahmadinia, Ebrahim A1 - Hinz, Christoph T1 - Interactions of Microtopography, Slope and Infiltration Cause Complex Rainfall-Runoff Behavior at the Hillslope Scale for Single Rainfall Events T2 - Water Resources Research N2 - Microtopography (MT) can govern runoff dynamics as a net result of local heterogeneities in the flow paths and ponding. This in turn controls the development of the surface water layer that connects and flows downslope. It is therefore important to understand which microtopographic features affect runoff generation dynamics and its macroscopic—hillslope scale—hydrological signatures (e.g., hydrographs, runoff and infiltration volumes). In this study, we numerically solve 2D overland flow from a single rain pulse on 1,460 idealized hillslopes with different slopes and sinusoidal microtopographies and different infiltration capacities. We assess hydrodynamic distributions, hydrographs and hydrological indices to assess the effects of MT and infiltration on the (local) hydrodynamic and (larger scale) hydrologic responses in terms of surface runoff regimes. The results show that MT enhances infiltration and that infiltration and runoff depend in a strong non-linear way on slope and the properties of MT. Three regimes of influence of MT were identified: one in which MT plays a negligible role but there is a high sensitivity to the infiltration capacity curve, a second regime in which hydrological partitioning is highly sensitive to MT and the infiltration capacity curve, and a third regime in which MT increases infiltration, but the response is insensitive to particular features, and more affected by the average slopes. The regimes are the product of the interplay between small (MT) and large scale (slope) properties. Furthermore, the results suggest that hydrological signatures can be interpreted and explained by the spatiotemporal variation of surface connectivity. KW - microtopography KW - surface roughness KW - runoff-infiltration partitioning KW - runoff generation Y1 - 2021 UR - https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2020WR028127 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1029/2020WR028127 SN - 1944-7973 VL - 57 IS - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Salhi, Faiza A1 - Aissani, Linda A1 - Fellah, Mamoun A1 - Chadli, Abdel Hakim A1 - Cheriet, Abderrahmane A1 - Belgroune, Ahlam A1 - Nouveau, Corinne A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Samad, Mohammed Abdul A1 - Alhussein, Akram T1 - Experimental investigation of structural, wetting, mechanical and Tribological properties of TiZrN thin films deposited by magnetron sputtering T2 - Surfaces and Interfaces N2 - TiZrN thin films were deposited on Si (100) wafers and XC100 steel substrates by reactive R.f. magnetron sputtering using titanium and zirconium targets in an Ar-N2 mixture atmosphere to evaluate the effect of varying Zr content (0 to 22.2 at.%), on the film structure, surface wettability, hardness and wear resistance. The presence of different phases such as TiN, ZrN, and ZrO2 were confirmed by XRD analysis. Results showed that, the lattice parameter and film thickness increased while the crystallite size and average roughness decreased with increasing Zr content. Total surface energy between the film surface and testing liquids decreased with the addition of Zr. TiZrN film containing 18.3 at.% of Zr showed the lowest surface energy of 38.7 mN/m, indicating its hydrophobicity. The nanoindentation measurements, friction and wear tests showed that the TiZrN thin film containing 18.3 at.% of Zr had the best tribo-mechanical performance. The TiZrN (18.3 at.% Zr) film exhibited the lowest friction coefficient (0.31), and the lowest wear rate (6.65 × 10−5 mm3/Nm), which corresponds to the highest H/E ∼ 0.139, and H3/E2 ∼ 0.49 GPa ratios. The improvement in the tribo-mechanical properties is attributed to the solid solution strengthening due to the incorporation of Zr atoms in TiN system, which results in the highest hardness of 25 GPa for TiZrN (18.3 at.% Zr) film. KW - TiZrN film KW - Magnetron sputtering KW - Structure KW - Surface wettability KW - Mechanical properties KW - Wear resistance Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2468023021005964 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfin.2021.101519 SN - 2468-0230 VL - 27 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lengyel, Dominik A1 - Weicht, Christian A1 - Schürmann, Detlev T1 - Bundesministerium fördert DIN-Standard für mobile Fahrzeugsperren T2 - Crisis Prevention Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.flipsnack.com/betapublishing/crisis-prevention-3-2021/full-view.html SN - 2198-0527 IS - 3 SP - 10 EP - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Piott, Michael A1 - Werber, Alexandra A1 - Schleuss, Leander A1 - Doynov, Nikolay A1 - Ossenbrink, Ralf A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Numerical and experimental analysis of heat transfer in resistance spot welding process of aluminum alloy AA5182 T2 - International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology N2 - In this work, a numerical model and experiments are used to investigate heat transfer processes during resistance spot welding process of aluminum. For this purpose, calibrated heat transfer conditions and thermal contact conductance are transferred from a previous work to a coupled thermal-electrical-mechanical finite element model. First, all domains of the numerical model are validated by an experimental study. The experimental setup includes the measurement of current, voltage drops, electrode force, electrode displacement, and temperatures while two sheets of aluminum alloy AA5182 are joined. Computational results show that most of the generated Joule heat (78%) is stored in the electrodes or transferred to cooling water until the end of weld time. Heat transfer by natural convection and thermal radiation is very small and can in general be neglected for complete process. Afterwards, the influence of electrode water-cooling on welding process is investigated numerically. The results indicate that the generation of Joule heat and thermal energy of the sheets during weld time is only slightly affected by electrode water-cooling. As a consequence, water-cooling conditions do not affect nugget formation. In contrast, electrode water-cooling highly influences cooling conditions during hold time. KW - Aluminum resistance spot welding KW - Heat transfer KW - FE-simulation KW - Electrode water-cooling KW - Instrumented experiments Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-020-06197-7 SN - 0268-3768 SN - 1433-3015 VL - Vol. 111 IS - 5-6 SP - 1671 EP - 1682 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Piott, Michael A1 - Werber, Alexandra A1 - Schleuss, Leander A1 - Doynov, Nikolay A1 - Ossenbrink, Ralf A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - A study of the heat transfermechanism in resistance spot welding of aluminum alloys AA5182 and AA6014 T2 - International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology N2 - This work investigates heat transfer mechanism of aluminum resistance spot welding process. The main target is to determine thermal contact conductance and heat transfer coefficients for natural convection and thermal radiation at ambient air and forced convection inside the water-cooled electrodes. For this purpose, the heat transfer of hot sheets in a welding gun for aluminum alloys AA5182 and AA6014 is analyzed experimentally and numerically. The transient temperature field is measured by several thermocouples in a simplified experimental setup. Subsequent thermal-mechanical coupled finite element simulations of the experiments were used to calibrate the heat transfer coefficients. The heat transfer coefficient for natural convection and thermal radiation to ambient air is 13 W m2 K and the heat transfer coefficient for forced convection of electrode water-cooling is 25,000 W m2 K. The results indicate that the thermal contact conductance can be assumed ideal for welding process. Additionally, the finite element model is validated by the measured and calculated dissipated heat due to forced convection. Finally, a sensitivity analysis is performed to compare the influence of maximum and minimum heat transfer coefficients of forced convection (water-cooling) on transient temperature field and dissipated heat of sample AA5182. KW - Aluminum resistance spot welding KW - Heat transfer KW - FE simulation KW - Thermal contact conductance KW - Electrode water-cooling Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-020-05650-x SN - 0268-3768 SN - 1433-3015 VL - Vol. 111 SP - 263 EP - 271 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Korensky, Vladimir T1 - The Introduction of the Hennebique Reinforced Concrete System in the Russian Empire, 1898-1907 T2 - ICON : the journal of the International Committee for the History of Technology N2 - As a part of the research field concerning the transfer of European knowledge to the Russian Empire, this paper concentrates on the transfer of technical knowledge. It describes the introduction and application of a reinforced concrete construction method developed around I886 by the French bricklayer and construction site supervisor François Hennebique. The Hennebique system was promoted by his worldwide professional network, including in the Russian Empire. Paul de Monicourt, a French engineer, was the main figure associated with the promotion of this method throughout the Russian Empire. He established his first office in southwestern Ekaterinoslav specialized in industrial buildings and bridges. After sharing his construction and calculation methods with the engineers of Russian Railways, he lost his monopoly hold on bridge construction in the Russian Empire. Moving his focus to the north, he established an additional office in Saint Petersburg, where he began to work in dome construction. In I905, de Monicourt began a partnership with a local construction company. His involvement in this partnership makes it difficult to trace his later activity and individual achievements since this company took over the spread of Hennebique system in the Russian Empire. KW - Reinforced Concrete KW - Hennebique System KW - Russian Empire KW - Technology Transfer Y1 - 2021 SN - 1361-8113 VL - 26 IS - 1 SP - 112 EP - 129 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick A1 - Zemkoho, Alain B. T1 - Sufficient Optimality Conditions in Bilevel Programming T2 - Mathematics of Operations Research N2 - This paper is concerned with the derivation of first- and second-order sufficient optimality conditions for optimistic bilevel optimization problems involving smooth functions. First-order sufficient optimality conditions are obtained by estimating the tangent cone to the feasible set of the bilevel program in terms of initial problem data. This is done by exploiting several different reformulations of the hierarchical model as a single-level problem. To obtain second-order sufficient optimality conditions, we exploit the so-called value function reformulation of the bilevel optimization problem, which is then tackled with the aid of second-order directional derivatives. The resulting conditions can be stated in terms of initial problem data in several interesting situations comprising the settings where the lower level is linear or possesses strongly stable solutions. KW - 90c33, 90c46 KW - Bilevel Optimization KW - First-order Sufficient Optimality Conditions KW - Primary: Nonlinear Programming, Optimality Conditions KW - Second-order Directional Derivatives KW - Second-order Sufficient Optimality Conditions KW - Secondary: 49J52, 49J53 KW - Secondary: Complementarity Programming, Nondifferentiable Programming, Parametric Programming Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1287/moor.2021.1122 SP - 1 EP - 26 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vincze, Miklos A1 - Bozóki, Tamás A1 - Herein, Mátyás A1 - Borcia, Ion-Dan A1 - Harlander, Uwe A1 - Horicsányi, Attila A1 - Nyerges, Anita A1 - Rodda, Costanza A1 - Pál, András A1 - Pálfy, József T1 - The Drake Passage opening from an experimental fluid dynamics point of view T2 - SScientific Reports Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-99123-0 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maltese Meletti de Oliveira, Gabriel A1 - Abide, Stéphane A1 - Viazzo, Stephane A1 - Krebs, Andreas A1 - Harlander, Uwe T1 - Experiments and long-term high-performance computations on amplitude modulations of strato-rotational flows T2 - Geophysical & Astrophysical Fluid Dynamics Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/03091929.2020.1795647 SN - 1029-0419 SN - 0309-1929 VL - 115 IS - 3 SP - 297 EP - 321 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Harlander, Uwe A1 - Kurgansky, Michael V. T1 - Two-dimensional internal gravity wave beam instability. Linear theory and subcritical instability T2 - Geophysical & Astrophysical Fluid Dynamics Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/03091929.2021.1943379 SN - 1029-0419 SN - 0309-1929 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Geiger, Tobias A1 - Wachsmuth, Daniel A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Optimal control of ODEs with state suprema T2 - Mathematical Control and Related Fields N2 - We consider the optimal control of a differential equation that involves the suprema of the state over some part of the history. In many applications, this non-smooth functional dependence is crucial for the successful modeling of real-world phenomena. We prove the existence of solutions and show that related problems may not possess optimal controls. Due to the non-smoothness in the state equation, we cannot obtain optimality conditions via standard theory. Therefore, we regularize the problem via a LogIntExp functional which generalizes the well-known LogSumExp. By passing to the limit with the regularization, we obtain an optimality system for the original problem. The theory is illustrated by some numerical experiments. KW - Functional differential equations KW - differential equations with state suprema KW - optimality conditions KW - maximum principle KW - LogIntExp Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3934/mcrf.2021012 SN - 2156-8472 SN - 2156-8499 VL - 11 IS - 3 SP - 555 EP - 578 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Deng, Yu A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick A1 - Prüfert, Uwe T1 - Coupled versus decoupled penalization of control complementarity constraints T2 - ESAIM: Control, Optimisation and Calculus of Variations (COCV) N2 - This paper deals with the numerical solution of optimal control problems with control complementarity constraints. For that purpose, we suggest the use of several penalty methods which differ with respect to the handling of the complementarity constraint which is either penalized as a whole with the aid of NCP-functions or decoupled in such a way that non-negativity constraints as well as the equilibrium condition are penalized individually. We first present general global and local convergence results which cover several different penalty schemes before two decoupled methods which are based on a classical ℓ1- and ℓ2-penalty term, respectively, are investigated in more detail. Afterwards, the numerical implementation of these penalty methods is discussed. Based on some examples, where the optimal boundary control of a parabolic partial differential equation is considered, some quantitative properties of the resulting algorithms are compared. KW - Complementarity constraints KW - optimal control KW - parabolic PDE KW - penalty method Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1051/cocv/2021022 SN - 1292-8119 SN - 1262-3377 VL - 27 SP - 1 EP - 31 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Harder, Felix A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Reformulation of the M-stationarity conditions as a system of discontinuous equations and its solution by a semismooth Newton method T2 - SIAM Journal on Optimization (SIOPT) N2 - We show that the Mordukhovich-stationarity system associated with a mathematical program with complementarity constraints (MPCC) can be equivalently written as a system of discontinuous equations which can be tackled with a semismooth Newton method. It will be demonstrated that the resulting algorithm can be interpreted as an active set strategy for MPCCs. Local fast convergence of the method is guaranteed under validity of an MPCC-tailored version of LICQ and a suitable strong second-order condition. In case of linear-quadratic MPCCs, the LICQ-type constraint qualification can be replaced by a weaker condition which depends on the underlying multipliers. We discuss a suitable globalization strategy for our method. Some numerical results are presented in order to illustrate our theoretical findings. KW - active set method KW - mathematical program with complementarity constraints KW - M-stationarity KW - nonlinear M-stationarity function KW - semismooth Newton method Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1137/20m1321413 SN - 1095-7189 SN - 1052-6234 VL - 31 IS - 2 SP - 1459 EP - 1488 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Latrubesse, Edgardo A1 - Park, Edward A1 - Kästner, Karl T1 - The Ayeyarwady River (Myanmar): Washload transport and its global role among rivers in the Anthropocene T2 - PLOS One N2 - The Ayeyarwady (Irrawaddy) is the second largest river of Southeast Asia and one of the rivers with the highest load of suspended sediment delivered to the sea in the world. The Ayeyarwady is the lifeline of Myanmar which concentrates the majority of the population and GDP of the country. It is the main way of transport, a source of fluvial aggregates for development projects, hydropower, and the basin plays a major role in food supply and irrigation. Despite the Ayeyarwady ranking amongst the world’s largest rivers and its vital importance to Myanmar, scarce research has been undertaken to understand its morphodynamics and sediment transport regime. Current load estimates still heavily rely on the only systematic study of sediment transport dating back to the 19th century. Here, we provide a novel estimate for the recent washload sediment transport based on a field calibrated remote sensing model of surface suspended sediments concentrations. We show that the Ayeyarwady has likely become the river with the second or third largest delivery of washload to the sea in the world since it has so far been much less affected by damming compared to the vast majority of other rivers. KW - River KW - Sediment Transport KW - Washload Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251156 VL - 2021 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lengyel, Dominik A1 - Toulouse, Catherine A1 - Heinrich, Florian T1 - Architecture Transformed - Architectural Processes in the Digital Image Space T2 - International Journal for Digital Art History N2 - The production and conception of architecture are not only shaped by the technical-constructive aspect but also by their visual representation. Since the 1980s, with the advent of digital technologies for the design and visual representation of architecture (computer-aided design), far-reaching changes have occurred, resulting in fundamentally new possibilities for linking technical design and visual reproduction (computer rendering to virtual photography). This cooperative project undertakes an investigation of these essentially process-related relationships outlined here in design and visualization during the transition phase from analogue to digital planning and display format methods from 1980 to the present. In exemplary studies on the use and application of the new tools and their visual products (images), the aim is to determine how the ‘digital image’ has changed the concept and production of architecture from the perspective of art history and media criticism on the one hand, and the production aesthetic point of view of architectural and architectural image production on the other. KW - architecture KW - Computer-Aided-Design (CAD) KW - interdisciplinary collaboration KW - digital image KW - visualization Y1 - 2021 UR - https://journals.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/index.php/dah/article/view/83928 U6 - https://doi.org/10.11588/dah.2021.E1.83928 SN - 2363-5398 IS - E1 2021 SP - 66 EP - 81 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schlipf, Jon A1 - Fischer, Inga Anita T1 - Rigorous coupled-wave analysis of a multi-layered plasmonic integrated refractive index sensor T2 - Optics Express Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.438585 SN - 1094-4087 VL - Vol. 29 IS - 22 SP - 36201 EP - 36210 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tetzner, Henriette A1 - Fischer, Inga Anita A1 - Skibitzki, Oliver A1 - Mirza, M. M. A1 - Manganelli, Constanza Lucia A1 - Luongo, G. A1 - Spirito, Davide A1 - Douglas, J. P. A1 - De Seta, Monica A1 - Capellini, Giovanni T1 - Current leakage mechanisms related to threading dislocations in Ge-rich SiGe heterostructures grown on Si(001) T2 - Applied Physics Letters Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0064477 SN - 1077-3118 SN - 0003-6951 VL - 119 IS - 15 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bergmann, Fritz A1 - Ayasse, Markus A1 - Schlipf, Jon A1 - Mörz, Florian A1 - Weißhaupt, David A1 - Oehme, Michael A1 - Prucnal, Slawomir A1 - Kawaguchi, Yuma A1 - Schwarz, Daniel A1 - Fischer, Inga Anita A1 - Schulze, Jörg T1 - Plasmonic gratings from highly doped Ge1−ySny films on Si T2 - Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics Y1 - 2021 SN - 1361-6463 VL - 54 IS - 44 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Shi, Zhuanghua T1 - The origin of Vierordt's law: The experimental protocol matters T2 - PsyCH Journal N2 - In 1868, Karl Vierordt discovered one type of errors in time perception—an overestimation of short duration and underestimation of long durations, known as Vierordt's law. Here we reviewed the original study in its historical context and asked whether Vierordt's law is a result of an unnatural experimental randomization protocol. Using iterative Bayesian updating, we simulated the original results with high accuracy. Importantly, the model also predicted that a slowly changing random-walk sequence produces less central tendency than a random sequence with the same durations. This was validated by a duration reproduction experiment from two sequences (random and random walk) with the same sampled distribution. The results showed that trial-wise variation influenced the magnitude of Vierordt's law. We concluded that Vierordt's law is caused by an unnatural yet widely used experimental protocol. Y1 - 2021 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/pchj.464 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pchj.464 SN - 2046-0260 SN - 2046-0252 VL - 10 IS - 5 SP - 732 EP - 741 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yun, Min Ju A1 - Lee, Doowon A1 - Kim, Sungho A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Kim, Hee-Dong T1 - A nonlinear resistive switching behaviors of Ni/HfO2/TiN memory structures for self-rectifying resistive switching memory T2 - Materials Characterization N2 - This work reports forming free/self-rectifying resistive switching characteristics and dependency of the top electrode (TE) of a crystalline HfO2-based resistive switching memory device. In the memory cells, nonlinear bipolar resistive switching characteristics, i.e., an asymmetric current-voltage curve like the Schottky diode, was observed. In addition, the device exhibits resistive switching behaviors without forming process, which makes it possible to switch the resistance state under ultra-low current levels of <10 nA. In addition, compared to the resistive switching of the proposed resistive switching memory devices with different TEs, the VSET was decreased when using TE with lower work function, and the height read margin was obtained in the sample with the Ni TE, covering over 56 × 56 arrays. Consequently, these results indicate that the interface control resistive switching properties in memory structures having the Schottky junction warrant the realization of selector-free resistive switching memory cells in a high-density crossbar array. KW - RRAM KW - resistive switching KW - HfO2 Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2021.111578 SN - 1044-5803 VL - 182 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Johnston, Ellis A1 - Szabo, Peter A1 - Bennett, Nick T1 - Cooling silicon photovoltaic cells using finned heat sinks and the effect of inclination angle T2 - Thermal Science and Engineering Progress Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsep.2021.100902 SN - 2451-9049 VL - Vol. 23 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Walter, Anna-Theresa A1 - Rätze, Sebastian T1 - Toward a process-oriented model of organizational agility: A dynamic capability perspective T2 - Journal of Competences, Strategy & Management Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.25437/jcsm-vol11-22 SN - 2510-4357 VL - 11 SP - 1 EP - 20 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rätze, Sebastian A1 - Duchek, Stephanie A1 - Maynard, M. Travis A1 - Wohlgemuth, Michael T1 - Resilience in organization-related research: An integrative conceptual review across disciplines and levels of analysis T2 - Journal of Applied Psychology Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000952 SN - 1939-1854 VL - 107(2022) IS - 6 SP - 867 EP - 897 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rätze, Sebastian A1 - Duchek, Stephanie A1 - Maynard, M. Travis A1 - Kirkman, Bradley L. T1 - Resilience in organizations: An integrative multilevel review and editorial introduction T2 - Group & Organization Management Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/10596011211032129 SN - 1552-3993 SN - 1059-6011 VL - 46 IS - 4 SP - 607 EP - 656 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jung, Ernst Michael A1 - Kammerer, Sarah A1 - Brandenstein, M. A1 - Putz, F. J. A1 - Stroszczynski, Christian A1 - Jung, Friedrich T1 - High resolution flow (HR Flow) and Glazing Flow in cases of hepatic flow changes: Comparison to color-coded doppler sonography (CCDS) T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - AIM: To evaluate the possibilities of flow detection using high resolution flow (HR Flow) and Glazing Flow technique in patients with liver parenchymal changes and flow changes in comparison to color-coded Doppler sonography (CCDS). MATERIAL AND METHODS: All examinations were performed using a multi frequency matrix convex probe with high resolution technique (SC6-1U/Resona7, Mindray, Shenzhen, China) by one experienced examiner to evaluate the venous, portal venous and arterial liver flow with digital documentation of the dynamic flow parameters like peak systolic flow, end-diastolic flow and resistance index. For liver parenchymal stiffness changes shear wave elastography was performed with at least 10 measurements. By two independent readers an elevation was performed to evaluate the image quality and the degree of flow artefacts, from 0 = not available to 5 points with excellent image quality without flow artefacts. RESULTS: All 40 patients (24 men, 16 women, age 27–83 years, mean 56±5 years) showed morphology changes from B-Mode of the liver parenchyma to inhomogeneous tissue with higher stiffness evaluated by the shear wave elastography (1.45 m/s up to 2.79 m/s±1.79 m/s, considering F1 up to F4 fibrosis) and in 15 cases histopathologically proven liver cirrhosis. In 9 cases after non-acute thrombosis flow reduction of the portal vein was the reason for the diameter less than 5 mm. Flow parameters for the venous flow were between 8 cm/s up to 29 cm/s, mean 14±4 cm/s, for the hepatic portal vein 5 cm/s up to 57 cm/s, mean 17±5 cm/s, for the hepatic artery systolic flow between 50 cm/s up to 127±33 cm/s, end-diastolic flow from 22 cm/s up to 47±8 cm/s. Resistance index for the hepatic artery was between 0.41 up to 0.73, mean 0.67±0.25. The image quality for CCDS over all cases was evaluated for CCDS between 1 up to 4. The mean quality was 2.5±0.5, for HR Flow in combination with Glazing Flow 3±0.5, with significant differences for the 2 readers (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Combination of HR Flow with Glazing Flow could be helpful to evaluate morphological und hemodynamic changes of liver arterial flow, portal venous and venous flow. Reduction of flow artefacts in combination with a higher image quality could be helpful for optimizing the digital measurements also for follow up examinations. KW - Liver vascular imaging KW - high resolution flow (HR) KW - Glazing Flow KW - imaging quality KW - artefact reduction Y1 - 2021 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/clinical-hemorheology-and-microcirculation/ch219102 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-219102 SN - 1875-8622 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 79 IS - 1 SP - 3 EP - 17 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Taghizadeh, Mahmoudreza A1 - Mehdi, Kargarfard A1 - Braune, Steffen A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Mahmood, Naderi T1 - Long-term aerobic exercise training in type two diabetic patients alters the expression of miRNA-223 and its corresponding target, the P2RY12 receptor, attenuating platelet function T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - BACKGROUND: Type two diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients are prone to develop atherothrombotic events due to platelet hyper-reactivity stemming from platelet miRNA-223 down-regulation and over-expression of its corresponding target, P2RY12. OBJECTIVE: The study sought to determine the effects of long-term aerobic training on the expression levels of miRNA-223 and P2RY12 mRNA, and platelet function in T2DM patients. METHODS: Twenty-four patients with T2DM (age, 60.0±2.8 yrs.) were selected and randomly divided into two groups: aerobic exercise training (AET, n = 12) and control (CON, n = 12). The AET protocol was performed with moderate intensity for 12 weeks, while patients in the CON group followed their usual routine. Weight, body mass index (BMI), peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak), lipid profile, fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), platelet miRNA-223 and P2RY12 expression were measured before and after the period. RESULTS: There was a significant improvement in body weight, BMI, VO2peak, FBG, HbA1c, and HOMA-IR, after 12 weeks of AET (P <  0.01). Platelet aggregation decreased significantly after 12 weeks in the AET group compared with the CON (P <  0.001) group. Platelets’ miRNA-223 and P2RY12 were significantly up- and down-regulated after AET in comparison with the CON group (P <  0.05), respectively. Moreover, the relative expression of miRNA-223 and P2RY12 significantly correlated with FBG changes following the intervention. CONCLUSIONS: It can be concluded that long-term moderate-intensity aerobic training might be effective for reducing the occurrence of atherothrombotic events leading to premature death in T2DM patients through the modulation of miRNA-223, P2RY12 receptor expression, and platelet function. KW - Exercise training KW - diabetes KW - microRNA-223 KW - P2RY12 receptor KW - Insulin resistance KW - platelet Y1 - 2022 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/clinical-hemorheology-and-microcirculation/ch211209 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-211209 SN - 1875-8622 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 80 IS - 2 SP - 107 EP - 116 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jung, Ernst Michael A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Stroszczynski, Christian A1 - Wiesinger, Isabel T1 - Quantification of dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in non-cystic breast lesions using external perfusion software T2 - Scientific Reports N2 - The aim of this present clinical pilot study is the display of typical perfusion results in patients with solid, non-cystic breast lesions. The lesions were characterized using contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) with (i) time intensity curve analyses (TIC) and (ii) parametric color maps. The 24 asymptomatic patients included were genetically tested for having an elevated risk for breast cancer. At a center of early detection of familial ovary and breast cancer, those patients received annual MRI and grey-scale ultrasound. If lesions remained unclear or appeared even suspicious, those patients also received CEUS. CEUS was performed after intravenous application of sulfur hexafluoride microbubbles. Digital DICOM cine loops were continuously stored for one minute in PACS (picture archiving and communication system). Perfusion images and TIC analyses were calculated off-line with external perfusion software (VueBox). The lesion diameter ranged between 7 and 15 mm (mean 11 ± 3 mm). Five hypoechoic irregular lesions were scars, 6 lesions were benign and 12 lesions were highly suspicious for breast cancer with irregular enhancement at the margins and a partial wash out. In those 12 cases, histopathology confirmed breast cancer. All the suspicious lesions were correctly identified visually. For the perfusion analysis only Peak Enhancement (PE) and Area Under the Curve (AUC) added more information for correctly identifying the lesions. Typical for benign lesions is a prolonged contrast agent enhancement with lower PE and prolonged wash out, while scars are characterized typically by a reduced enhancement in the center. No differences (p = 0.428) were found in PE in the center of benign lesions (64.2 ± 28.9 dB), malignant lesions (88.1 ± 93.6 dB) and a scar (40.0 ± 17.0 dB). No significant differences (p = 0.174) were found for PE values at the margin of benign lesions (96.4 ± 144.9 dB), malignant lesions (54.3 ± 86.2 dB) or scar tissue (203.8 ± 218.9 dB). Significant differences (p < 0.001) were found in PE of the surrounding tissue when comparing benign lesions (33.6 ± 25.2 dB) to malignant lesions (15.7 ± 36.3 dB) and scars (277.2 ± 199.9 dB). No differences (p = 0.821) were found in AUC in the center of benign lesions (391.3 ± 213.7), malignant lesions (314.7 ± 643.9) and a scar (213.1 ± 124.5). No differences (p = 0.601) were found in AUC values of the margin of benign lesions (313.3 ± 372.8), malignant lesions (272.6 ± 566.4) or scar tissue (695.0 ± 360.6). Significant differences (p < 0.01) were found in AUC of the surrounding tissue for benign lesions (151.7 ± 127.8), malignant lesions (177.9 ± 1345.6) and scars (1091 ± 693.3). There were no differences in perfusion evaluation for mean transit time (mTT), rise time (RT) and time to peak (TTP) when comparing the center to the margins and the surrounding tissue. The CEUS perfusion parameters PE and AUC allow a very good assessment of the risk of malignant breast lesions and thus a downgrading of BI-RADS 4 lesions. The use of the external perfusion software (VueBox, Bracco, Milan, Italy) did not lead to any further improvement in the diagnosis of suspicious breast lesions and does appears not to have any additional diagnostic value in breast lesions. Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-96137-6 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-96137-6 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Greif, G. A1 - Mrowietz, Christof A1 - Wendt, M. A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Hiebl, Bernhard A1 - Meyer-Sievers, H. T1 - Differences in human and minipig platelet number, volume and activation induced by borosilicate glass beads in a modified chandler loop-system T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - The pig is the most widely used large animal model in Europe, with cardiovascular research being one of the main areas of application. Adequate refinement of interventional studies in this field, meeting the requirements of Russel and Burchs’ 3 R concept, can only be performed if blood-contacting medical devices are hemocompatible. Because most medical devices for cardiovascular interventional procedures are developed for humans they are tested mostly for compatibility with human blood. The aim of this study was therefore to determine whether there are differences in behavior of porcine and human platelets when they come into contact with glass, which was used as an exemplary thrombogenic material. For this purpose changes of platelet count, platelet volume and platelet expression of the activation markers CD61, CD62P and CD63 were measured using a modified chandler loop-system simulating the fluidic effects of the blood flow. Minipig and human platelets showed significant differences in number and volume, but not in activation after 4–8 min exposure to glass. KW - Pig KW - minipig KW - platelet activation KW - platelet count KW - platelet volume KW - FACS KW - monoclonal antibody KW - CD42 KW - CD61 KW - CD62P KW - CD63 Y1 - 2021 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/clinical-hemorheology-and-microcirculation/ch219201 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-219201 SN - 1875-8622 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 79 IS - 1 SP - 149 EP - 155 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krüger-Genge, Anne A1 - Jung, Conrad H. G. A1 - Braune, Steffen A1 - Harb, K. A1 - Westphal, S. A1 - Klöpzig, Stefanie A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner A1 - Jung, Friedrich T1 - Effect of Arthrospira powders from different producers on the formation of endothelial cell monolayers T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - Arthrospira platensis (AP) and some of its derived products have well-established biological activities as antioxidants or as agents to reduce cardiovascular disease risk factors. Furthermore, AP products have gained increasing importance as potential anti-cancer agents. However, the ingredients of the available products vary greatly with the origin, the type of production and processing, which could have significant consequences for their biological effects. Therefore, the composition and biological influence of five distinct AP powders, which were acquired commercially or produced at a public biotechnology institute, were investigated in regard to their endothelialization capacity using a cell impedance- (CI) based measurement method. The study revealed that the AP composition and especially the influence on HUVEC proliferation differed significantly between the five AP powders up to 109%. Thus, it could be shown that the method used allows the reliable detection of quantitative differences in biological effects of different AP preparations. KW - Arthrospira platensis KW - spirulina KW - endothelial cells Y1 - 2021 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/clinical-hemorheology-and-microcirculation/ch219200 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-219200 SN - 1875-8622 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 79 IS - 1 SP - 193 EP - 203 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schulz, Christian A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner T1 - Inhibition of phase-1 biotransformation and cytostatic effects of diphenyleneiodonium on hepatoblastoma cell line HepG2 and a CYP3A4-overexpressing HepG2 cell clone T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - Cell-based in vitro liver models are an important tool in the development and evaluation of new drugs in pharmacological and toxicological drug assessment. Hepatic microsomal enzyme complexes, consisting of cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase (CPR) and cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs), play a decisive role in catalysing phase-1 biotransformation of pharmaceuticals and xenobiotics. For a comprehensive understanding of the phase-1 biotransformation of drugs, the availability of well-characterized substances for the targeted modulation of in vitro liver models is essential. In this study, we investigated diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) for its ability to inhibit phase-1 enzyme activity and further its toxicological profile in an in vitro HepG2 cell model with and without recombinant expression of the most important drug metabolization enzyme CYP3A4. Aim of the study was to identify effective DPI concentrations for CPR/CYP activity modulation and potentially associated dose and time dependent hepatotoxic effects. The cells were treated with DPI doses up to 5,000nM (versus vehicle control) for a maximum of 48 h and subsequently examined for CYP3A4 activity as well as various toxicological relevant parameters such as cell morphology, integrity and viability, intracellular ATP level, and proliferation. Concluding, the experiments revealed a time- and concentration-dependent DPI mediated partial and complete inhibition of CYP3A4 activity in CYP3A4 overexpressing HepG2-cells (HepG2-CYP3A4). Other cell functions, including ATP synthesis and consequently the proliferation were negatively affected in both in vitro cell models. Since neither cell integrity nor cell viability were reduced, the effect of DPI in HepG2 can be assessed as cytostatic rather than cytotoxic. KW - Phase-1 KW - biotransformation KW - CYP KW - cytochrome P450 monooxygenase KW - CYP3A4 KW - diphenyleneiodonium KW - DPI KW - HepG2 KW - HepG2-CYP3A4 KW - hepatocytes KW - NADPH-cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase KW - POR KW - CPR Y1 - 2021 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/clinical-hemorheology-and-microcirculation/ch219117 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-219117 SN - 1875-8622 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 79 IS - 1 SP - 231 EP - 243 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Greif, G. A1 - Mrowietz, Christof A1 - Meyer-Sievers, H. A1 - Ganter, M. A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Hiebl, Bernhard T1 - Differences in human and sheep platelet adherence, aggregation and activation induced by glass beads in a modified chandler loop-system T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - In human cardiovascular research, sheep in particular are used as a large animal model in addition to pigs. In these animals, medical products, developed and tested for human medical purposes, are almost exclusively used in interventional studies. Therefore, the extent to which platelets from human and ovine blood differ in terms of adherence, aggregation and activation after a 4- or 8-minutes exposure to glass was investigated. Testing was performed with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and a modified chandler loop-system, with 4- and 8-minute blood-material exposure times corresponding to 20 and 40 test cycles, respectively, through the entire silicone tube loop of the test system. In sheep and human PRP, contact with the silicone tubing resulted in a decrease in platelet count after 4 minutes and 20 test cycles, respectively. Four more minutes (20 additional test cycles) caused a further decrease of the platelet count only in sheep PRP. When the silicon tube was partly filled with glass beads, these effects were more pronounced and stronger in sheep then in human PRP. The mean platelet volume, which was used as parameter for platelet aggregation, did not change over time in human PRP without glass exposure. With glass exposure in human and sheep PRP the mean platelet volume increased within 40 test cycles, but this increase was stronger in sheep than in human PRP. Regarding activation behavior, the activation markers CD62P and CD63 were detectable only in < 30% (sheep) and < 45% (human) of platelets, whereas after 8 min of glass exposure, the proportion of CD62P+ and CD63+ cells was more increased than before only in sheep. These results indicate that ovine platelets adhere more strongly to glass and show stronger aggregation behavior after glass contact than human platelets, but that ovine and human platelets differ only slightly in activability by glass. KW - Sheep KW - platelet KW - activation KW - platelet volume KW - CD42a KW - CD61 KW - CD62P KW - CD63 Y1 - 2021 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/clinical-hemorheology-and-microcirculation/ch219104 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-219104 SN - 1875-8622 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 79 IS - 1 SP - 129 EP - 136 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner A1 - Krüger-Genge, Anne A1 - Jung, Friedrich T1 - 40th conference of the German society for clinical microcirculation and hemorheology (DGKMH) T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/ch-219100 SN - 1875-8622 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 79 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Breidenbach, Samuel T1 - Urban Public as a Phenomenon of Communication T2 - European Journal of Creative Practices in Cities and Landscapes : CPCL N2 - The article describes the theory of German sociologist Hans-Paul Bahrdt, who characterizes a special form of communication in cities and urban places. This reflection on the phenomenon of communication in the urban public are traced from a system-theoretical perspective and further transferred on the concept of ‘non-places’ by Marc Augé. This comparison should provide information about which signs and communicative codes in the urban public are able to express the identity of the city and the people living in it. Finally, these considerations will be compared with contemporary approaches of architectural semiotics and urban design. KW - urban planning KW - public space KW - media theory Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.6092/issn.2612-0496/10861 SN - 2612-0496 VL - 3 IS - 2 SP - 93 EP - 103 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kiebist, Jan A1 - Schmidtke, Kai-Uwe A1 - Schramm, Marina A1 - Hofrichter, Martin A1 - König, Rosalie A1 - Quint, Stephan A1 - Kohlmann, Johannes A1 - Zuhse, Ralf A1 - Ullrich, René A1 - Hofrichter, Martin A1 - Scheibner, Katrin T1 - Biocatalytic syntheses of antiplatelet metabolites of the thienopyridines clopidogrel and prasugrel using fungal peroxygenases T2 - Journal of Fungi N2 - Antithrombotic thienopyridines, such as clopidogrel and prasugrel, are prodrugs that undergo a metabolic two-step bioactivation for their pharmacological efficacy. In the first step, a thiolactone is formed, which is then converted by cytochrome P450-dependent oxidation via sulfenic acids to the active thiol metabolites. These metabolites are the active compounds that inhibit the platelet P2Y12 receptor and thereby prevent atherothrombotic events. Thus far, described biocatalytic and chemical synthesis approaches to obtain active thienopyridine metabolites are rather complex and suffer from low yields. In the present study, several unspecific peroxygenases (UPOs, EC 1.11.2.1) known to efficiently mimic P450 reactions in vitro—but requiring only hydroperoxide as oxidant—were tested for biocatalytic one-pot syntheses. In the course of the reaction optimization, various parameters such as pH and reductant, as well as organic solvent and amount were varied. The best results for the conversion of 1 mM thienopyridine were achieved using 2 U mL−1 of a UPO from agaric fungus Marasmius rotula (MroUPO) in a phosphate-buffered system (pH 7) containing 5 mM ascorbate, 2 mM h−1 H2O2 and 20% acetone. The preparation of the active metabolite of clopidogrel was successful via a two-step oxidation with an overall yield of 25%. In the case of prasugrel, a cascade of porcine liver esterase (PLE) and MroUPO was applied, resulting in a yield of 44%. The two metabolites were isolated with high purity, and their structures were confirmed by MS and MS2 spectrometry as well as NMR spectroscopy. The findings broaden the scope of UPO applications again and demonstrate that they can be effectively used for the selective synthesis of metabolites and late-state diversification of organic molecules, circumventing complex multistage chemical syntheses and providing sufficient material for structural elucidation, reference material, or cellular assays. KW - Peroxygenase KW - clopidogrel Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/7/9/752 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/jof7090752 SN - 2309-608X VL - 7 IS - 9 SP - 1 EP - 17 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gomes de Santos, Patricia A1 - Hoang, Manh Dat A1 - Kiebist, Jan A1 - Kellner, Harald A1 - Ullrich, René A1 - Scheibner, Katrin A1 - Hofrichter, Martin A1 - Liers, Christiane A1 - Alcalde, Miguel T1 - Functional Expression of Two Unusual Acidic Peroxygenases from Candolleomyces aberdarensis in Yeasts by Adopting Evolved Secretion Mutations T2 - Applied and environmental microbiology N2 - Fungal unspecific peroxygenases (UPOs) are emergent biocatalysts that perform highly selective C-H oxyfunctionalizations of organic compounds, yet their heterologous production at high levels is required for their practical use in synthetic chemistry. Here, we achieved functional expression of two new unusual acidic peroxygenases from Candolleomyces (Psathyrella) aberdarensis (PabUPO) in yeasts and their production at a large scale in a bioreactor. Our strategy was based on adopting secretion mutations from an Agrocybe aegerita UPO mutant, the PaDa-I variant, designed by directed evolution for functional expression in yeast, which belongs to the same phylogenetic family as PabUPOs, long-type UPOs, and shares 65% sequence identity. After replacing the native signal peptides with the evolved leader sequence from PaDa-I, we constructed and screened site-directed recombination mutant libraries, yielding two recombinant PabUPOs with expression levels of 5.4 and 14.1 mg/liter in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. These variants were subsequently transferred to Pichia pastoris for overproduction in a fed-batch bioreactor, boosting expression levels up to 290 mg/liter, with the highest volumetric activity achieved to date for a recombinant peroxygenase (60,000 U/liter, with veratryl alcohol as the substrate). With a broad pH activity profile, ranging from pH 2.0 to 9.0, these highly secreted, active, and stable peroxygenases are promising tools for future engineering endeavors as well as for their direct application in different industrial and environmental settings. KW - Peroxygenase KW - heterologous functional expression Y1 - 2021 UR - https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/AEM.00878-21 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.00878-21 SN - 1098-5336 SN - 0099-2240 VL - 87 IS - 19 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd A1 - Wachsmuth, Daniel T1 - Convergence and Regularization Results for Optimal Control Problems with Sparsity Functional T2 - ESAIM: Control, Optimisation and Calculus of Variations N2 - Optimization problems with convex but non-smooth cost functional subject to an elliptic partial differential equation are considered. The non-smoothness arises from a L1-norm in the objective functional. The problem is regularized to permit the use of the semi-smooth Newton method. Error estimates with respect to the regularization parameter are provided. Moreover, finite element approximations are studied. A-priori as well as a-posteriori error estimates are developed and confirmed by numerical experiments. KW - Non-smooth optimization KW - sparsity KW - regularization error estimates KW - finite elements KW - discretization error estimates Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1051/cocv/2010027 SN - 1292-8119 SN - 1262-3377 VL - 17 IS - 3 SP - 858 EP - 886 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berneis, Moritz A1 - Winkler, Herwig T1 - Value Proposition Assessment of Blockchain Technology for Luxury, Food, and Healthcare Supply Chains T2 - Logistics N2 - Background: In relevant research, blockchain technology (BCT) is credited with great potential for supply chain management (SCM). However, even after more than 10 years of the technology’s existence, it is barely used for any self-sustaining applications. This raises the question of why BC cannot prevail against its alternatives. With this paper we want to identify criteria by which the added value of BCT can be measured. Furthermore, we want to evaluate how well the different supply chains (SC) exploit the added values of BCT. Methods: For this, we identified real-world examples and case studies for luxury, food, and healthcare SCs. These examples are described in detail and then analyzed for their added value compared to possible alternatives. Results: The results show that in the clusters of food and healthcare SCs, no general added value of BC over current best-practice solutions could be verified. Luxury SCs manage valuable products that are typically traded in small quantities. It is within this cluster that the implementation of BC can be justified best. Conclusions: In conclusion, this study shows that the application of BCT is especially beneficial for goods with a high value and low trade volume. In addition, the interface between reality and the digital twin should be as secure as the database or BC solution itself. Furthermore, the demand for transparency and immutability of data should be more important than the need to protect sensitive data. Finally, SC participants, especially the end customer, must also be able to appreciate the advantages of BCT. KW - blockchain technology KW - Smart Contracts KW - logistics KW - supply chain management KW - value proposition assessment Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/logistics5040085 SN - 2305-6290 VL - 5 IS - 4 SP - 1 EP - 18 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klein, Marten A1 - Schmidt, Heiko A1 - Lignell, David O. T1 - Stochastic modeling of surface scalar-flux fluctuations in turbulent channel flow using one-dimensional turbulence T2 - International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow N2 - Accurate and economical modeling of near-surface transport processes is a standing challenge for various engineering and atmospheric boundary-layer flows. In this paper, we address this challenge by utilizing a stochastic one-dimensional turbulence (ODT) model. ODT aims to resolve all relevant scales of a turbulent flow for a one-dimensional domain. Here ODT is applied to turbulent channel flow as stand-alone tool. The ODT domain is a wall-normal line that is aligned with the mean shear. The free model parameters are calibrated once for the turbulent velocity boundary layer at a fixed Reynolds number. After that, we use ODT to investigate the Schmidt (Sc), Reynolds (Re), and Peclet (Pe) number dependence of the scalar boundary-layer structure, turbulent fluctuations, transient surface fluxes, mixing, and transfer to a wall. We demonstrate that the model is able to resolve relevant wall-normal transport processes across the turbulent boundary layer and that it captures state-space statistics of the surface scalar-flux fluctuations. In addition, we show that the predicted mean scalar transfer, which is quantified by the Sherwood (Sh) number, self-consistently reproduces established scaling regimes and asymptotic relations. For high asymptotic Sc and Re, ODT results fall between the Dittus-Boelter, Sh ∼ Re^(4/5) Sc^(2/5), and Colburn, Sh ∼ Re^(4/5) Sc^(1/3), scalings but they are closer to the former. For finite Sc and Re, the model prediction reproduces the relation proposed by Schwertfirm and Manhart (Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow, vol. 28, pp. 1204-1214, 2007) that yields locally steeper effective scalings than any of the established asymptotic relations. The model extrapolates the scalar transfer to small asymptotic Sc ≪ Re_τ^(-1) (diffusive limit) with a functional form that has not been previously described. KW - one-dimensional turbulence KW - stochastic modeling KW - fluctuation modeling KW - passive scalar KW - scalar transfer KW - Schmidt number dependence KW - surface flux Y1 - 2021 UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.15359 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2021.108889 SN - 0142-727X VL - 93 (2022) SP - 1 EP - 19 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bleicher, Achim A1 - Schauer, Thomas A1 - Jirasek, Robert A1 - Höltke, Tim A1 - Zhang, Yangwen A1 - Marker, Paul A1 - Wulff, Wulf A1 - Manfrecola, Johannes A1 - Schmidt, Therese T1 - Hybride Konstruktionen an der BTU Cottbus-Senftenberg T2 - Bautechnik N2 - Die angestrebten Ziele einer Ressourcen- und Klimaneutralität erfordern ein radikaleres Umdenken der Bauschaffenden, das mit einer noch viel stärkeren Sensibilisierung der Auftraggeber für die Auswirkungen des Material- und Energieverbrauchs im Bausektor verbunden ist. Ein Ansatz, um diese Ziele zu erreichen, sind hybride Konstruktionen, in denen unterschiedliche Materialien, Elemente, Funktionen und Technologien auf mehreren Konstruktionsebenen ressourcen- und energieeffizient kombiniert sowie im Fall eines Rückbaus sortenrein rezykliert werden. Dieser anspruchsvolle Ansatz ist von Beginn an erklärtes Ziel des Lehrstuhls Hybride Konstruktionen – Massivbau an der BTU Cottbus-Senftenberg und zieht sich durch alle Lehr- und Forschungsaktivitäten. Mit ausgewählten Forschungsprojekten werden Motivation und Methoden hybrider Konstruktionen sowie deren Potenzial für ressourcen- und klimaneutrale Konstruktionen anhand von Prototypen aufgezeigt. Hierbei steht neben der ökologischen Weiterentwicklung klassischer hybrider Konstruktionen aus nachwachsenden und rezyklierten Rohstoffen, bspw. Holz und Recyclingbeton, auch die Entwicklung aktiver hybrider Konstruktionen im Fokus. Die gezielte Integration von aktiven Technologien wie Sensorik, Aktuatorik und Regelungstechnik ermöglicht multifunktionale Konstruktionen, einen hohen Nutzungskomfort, einen geringeren Rohstoffverbrauch bis hin zur Energiegewinnung aus dynamischen Einwirkungen. Y1 - 2021 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/bate.202100056 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/bate.202100056 SN - 1437-0999 VL - 98 IS - 12 SP - 907 EP - 920 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Benko, Matúš A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick T1 - Calmness and Calculus: Two Basic Patterns T2 - Set-Valued and Variational Analysis N2 - We establish two types of estimates for generalized derivatives of set-valued mappings which carry the essence of two basic patterns observed throughout the pile of calculus rules. These estimates also illustrate the role of the essential assumptions that accompany these two patters, namely calmness on the one hand and (fuzzy) inner calmness* on the other. Afterwards, we study the relationship between and sufficient conditions for the various notions of (inner) calmness. The aforementioned estimates are applied in order to recover several prominent calculus rules for tangents and normals as well as generalized derivatives of marginal functions and compositions as well as Cartesian products of set-valued mappings under mild conditions. We believe that our enhanced approach puts the overall generalized calculus into some other light. Some applications of our findings are presented which exemplary address necessary optimality conditions for minimax optimization problems as well as the calculus related to the recently introduced semismoothness* property. KW - Calculus KW - Calmness KW - Generalized differentiation KW - Inner calmness* KW - Set-valued analysis KW - Variation analysis Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11228-021-00589-x SN - 1877-0541 SN - 1877-0533 VL - 30 IS - 1 SP - 81 EP - 117 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Perez-Bosch Quesada, Emilio A1 - Pérez, Eduardo A1 - Mahadevaiah, Mamathamba Kalishettyhalli A1 - Wenger, Christian T1 - Memristive-based in-memory computing: from device to large-scale CMOS integration T2 - Neuromorphic Computing and Engineering N2 - With the rapid emergence of in-memory computing systems based on memristive technology, the integration of such memory devices in large-scale architectures is one of the main aspects to tackle. In this work we present a study of HfO2-based memristive devices for their integration in large-scale CMOS systems, namely 200 mm wafers. The DC characteristics of single metal–insulator–metal devices are analyzed taking under consideration device-to-device variabilities and switching properties. Furthermore, the distribution of the leakage current levels in the pristine state of the samples are analyzed and correlated to the amount of formingless memristors found among the measured devices. Finally, the obtained results are fitted into a physic-based compact model that enables their integration into larger-scale simulation environments. KW - RRAM KW - memristive device KW - HfO2 Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/2634-4386/ac2cd4 SN - 2634-4386 VL - 1 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pechmann, Stefan A1 - Mai, Timo A1 - Potschka, Julian A1 - Reiser, Daniel A1 - Reichel, Peter A1 - Breiling, Marco A1 - Reichenbach, Marc A1 - Hagelauer, Amelie T1 - A Low-Power RRAM Memory Block for Embedded, Multi-Level Weight and Bias Storage in Artificial Neural Networks T2 - Micromachines Y1 - 2021 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:bvb:29-opus4-174878 SN - 2072-666X VL - 12 IS - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick A1 - Minchenko, Leonid I. T1 - R-Regularity of Set-Valued Mappings Under the Relaxed Constant Positive Linear Dependence Constraint Qualification with Applications to Parametric and Bilevel Optimization T2 - Set-Valued and Variational Analysis N2 - The presence of Lipschitzian properties for solution mappings associated with nonlinear parametric optimization problems is desirable in the context of, e.g., stability analysis or bilevel optimization. An example of such a Lipschitzian property for set-valued mappings, whose graph is the solution set of a system of nonlinear inequalities and equations, is R-regularity. Based on the so-called relaxed constant positive linear dependence constraint qualification, we provide a criterion ensuring the presence of the R-regularity property. In this regard, our analysis generalizes earlier results of that type which exploited the stronger Mangasarian–Fromovitz or constant rank constraint qualification. Afterwards, we apply our findings in order to derive new sufficient conditions which guarantee the presence of R-regularity for solution mappings in parametric optimization. Finally, our results are used to derive an existence criterion for solutions in pessimistic bilevel optimization and a sufficient condition for the presence of the so-called partial calmness property in optimistic bilevel optimization. KW - Bilevel optimization KW - Parametric optimization KW - Partial calmness KW - RCPLD KW - R-regularity KW - 49J53 KW - 90C30 KW - 90C31 Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11228-021-00578-0 SN - 1877-0541 SN - 1877-0533 VL - 30 IS - 1 SP - 179 EP - 205 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Benko, Matúš A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick T1 - On implicit variables in optimization theory T2 - Journal of Nonsmooth Analysis and Optimization N2 - Implicit variables of a mathematical program are variables which do not need to be optimized but are used to model feasibility conditions. They frequently appear in several different problem classes of optimization theory comprising bilevel programming, evaluated multiobjective optimization, or nonlinear optimization problems with slack variables. In order to deal with implicit variables, they are often interpreted as explicit ones. Here, we first point out that this is a light-headed approach which induces artificial locally optimal solutions. Afterwards, we derive various Mordukhovich-stationarity-type necessary optimality conditions which correspond to treating the implicit variables as explicit ones on the one hand, or using them only implicitly to model the constraints on the other. A detailed comparison of the obtained stationarity conditions as well as the associated underlying constraint qualifications will be provided. Overall, we proceed in a fairly general setting relying on modern tools of variational analysis. Finally, we apply our findings to different well-known problem classes of mathematical optimization in order to visualize the obtained theory. KW - Mathematics - Optimization and Control KW - 49J53 KW - 90C30 KW - 90C33 Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.46298/jnsao-2021-7215 SN - 2700-7448 VL - 2 SP - 7215 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Harder, Felix T1 - A new elementary proof for M-stationarity under MPCC-GCQ for mathematical programs with complementarity constraints T2 - Journal of Nonsmooth Analysis and Optimization N2 - It is known in the literature that local minimizers of mathematical programs with complementarity constraints (MPCCs) are so-called M-stationary points, if a weak MPCC-tailored Guignard constraint qualification (called MPCC-GCQ) holds. In this paper we present a new elementary proof for this result. Our proof is significantly simpler than existing proofs and does not rely on deeper technical theory such as calculus rules for limiting normal cones. A crucial ingredient is a proof of a (to the best of our knowledge previously open) conjecture, which was formulated in a Diploma thesis by Schinabeck. KW - Mathematical program with complementarity constraints KW - Necessary optimality conditions KW - M-stationarity KW - Guignard constraint qualification KW - 90C33 KW - 90C30 Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.46298/jnsao-2021-6903 SN - 2700-7448 VL - 2021 IS - 2 SP - 1 EP - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jung, Conrad H. G. A1 - Braune, Steffen A1 - Waldeck, Peter A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner A1 - Petrick, Ingolf A1 - Jung, Friedrich T1 - Morphology and Growth of Arthrospira platensis during Cultivation in a Flat-Type Bioreactor T2 - Life N2 - Arthrospira platensis (AP) is a cyanobacterium with a high economic value and is nowadays one of the most important industrially cultivated microalgae. Knowledge of its growth is essential for the understanding of its physiology and yield. The growth of AP biomass occurs through two mechanisms: (1) propagation by fragmentation of trichomes, and (2) the trichomes are extended by binary fission until they reach their mature status. These phases are visualized by live cell light and laser scanning microscopy, demonstrating the different phases of AP growth. KW - Arthrospira platensis KW - Spirulina KW - life cycle KW - morphology KW - fragmentation KW - fission Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/11/6/536/htm U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/life11060536 SN - 2075-1729 VL - 11 IS - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jung, Ernst Michael A1 - Dinkel, J. A1 - Verloh, Niklas A1 - Brandenstein, M. A1 - Stroszczynski, Christian A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Rennert, J. T1 - Wireless point-of-care ultrasound: First experiences with a new generation handheld device T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - AIM: To evaluate the diagnostic reliability of a new generation wireless point-of care ultrasound device for abdominal and thoracic findings. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 40 patients (16 females, 24 males 19 –80 years, on average 56.1 years) were scanned by an experienced examiner using the new wireless Vscan Air device for abdominal and thoracic findings. The probe frequencies were 2–5 MHz (convex probe) and 3–12 MHz for the linear probe. As a reference standard, all patients were also examined using high-end ultrasound (LOGIQ E9/10). Results were interpreted independently by two examiners in consensus, also with regard to the image quality (0–4, from not assessable = 0, to excellent 4). RESULTS: In all 40 patients (100%) examination with conventional high-end ultrasound and the Vscan Air ultrasound device was feasible. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value for the diagnosis of abdominal and thoracic findings were 63.3%, 100%, 100%, and 40%, respectively. Most main diagnostic findings were detected using the mobile device compared to the high-end ultrasound. Limitations were found regarding characterization and classification of hepatic and renal tumorous lesions. Image quality revealed mostly minor diagnostic limitations for the mobile device, mean 2.9 (SD –0.300) and was excellent or with only minor diagnostic limitations for conventional high-end ultrasound, mean 3.25 (SD –0.438). CONCLUSION: Due to its easy application and its high diagnostic reliability, point-of-care ultrasound systems of the latest generation represent a valuable imaging method for the primary assessment of abdominal and thoracic findings, especially in patients on intensive care units or in emergency situations. KW - Point-of-care ultrasound KW - Vscan Air KW - high-end ultrasound Y1 - 2021 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/clinical-hemorheology-and-microcirculation/ch211197 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-211197 SN - 1875-8622 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 79 IS - 3 SP - 463 EP - 474 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Brandenstein, M. A1 - Wiesinger, Isabel A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Stroszczynski, Christian A1 - Jung, Ernst Michael T1 - High-performance sonographical multimodal imaging of non cystic thyroid lesions: Chances of the preoperative diagnostics in relation to histopathology T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - AIM: To improve preoperative diagnostics of solid non-cystic thyroid lesions by using new high-performance ultrasound techniques: optimized B-mode morphology, elastography, Color-Coded Doppler-Sonography (CCDS) and contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 33 cases solid, non-cystic thyroid lesions were rated as TIRADS 3 and up from conventional B-mode examinations. Additional high resolution Power Doppler including HR- and Glazing-Flow as optimized macrovascularization techniques, shear wave elastography and CEUS were performed on these patients by one experienced examiner. For CEUS a bolus of 1–2.4 ml Sulfurhexafluorid microbubbles (SonoVue®, Bracco, Milan, Italy) was injected into a cubital vein and then the distribution kinetics of the contrast agent were documented from the early arterial phase (10 to 15 seconds after injection) to the late venous phase (5 minutes after injection). Postoperative histopathology was the diagnostic gold standard as it provides the most reliable proof. RESULTS: 33 patients (13 males, 20 females; age 29 –77 years; mean 55 years; SD 13 years) were included in this study. 28 of them had benign regressive thyroid nodules, 3 had adenomas and 4 were diagnosed with carcinomas (3 were histologically identified as papillary thyroid carcinomas, one as a medullary thyroid carcinoma). The volume of the thyroid gland ranged from 6.6 to 401.3 cm2 (mean 72.6±92.0 cm2). The adenoma diameters ranged from 9 to 40 mm (mean 22±16 mm) and the carcinoma diameters ranged from 19 to 33 mm (mean 26±6 mm). The 3 adenomas had different echogenicities: One was completely echofree, one was hypoechoic and one isoechoic. The 4 carcinomas however were equally characterized as hypoechoic and echofree. Two of three adenomas and all of the carcinomas showed an incomplete or diffuse margin. Micro-calcifications were found in one adenoma and in every carcinoma. However, no micro-calcifications were observed in cases of benign regressive nodules. Performing shear-wave elastography the adenomas showed lower values than the carcinomas: The tissue velocity of the adenomas ranged from 2.86 m/s to 3.85 m/s (mean 3.32±0.5 m/s) and in carcinomas from 3.89 m/s to 5.66 m/s (mean 4.18±0.3 m/s). Marginal hypervascularization was detected in two adenomas after applying CCDS. One adenoma was hypovascularized. The four carcinomas showed an irregular extreme hypervascularization along their margins as well as an irregular central normo- or hypervascularization in CCDS. The additional HR-Flow helped reducing artefacts. In CEUS the dynamic capillary microvascularization of all carcinomas was very irregular with early enhancement and followed by partial or complete wash-out. In CEUS two adenomas had no wash-out and the other one showed a partial wash-out. CONCLUSION: Using modern multimodal imaging offers new possibilities for the differentiation between benign and malignant thyroid lesions. It is a very important diagnostic tool in addition to the B-Mode TIRADS classification and eases the decision between TIRADS 3, 4 and 5. However, additional multicenter studies are required for more detailed evaluations. KW - Solid thyroid lesions KW - high-resolution ultrasound KW - HR-flow KW - elastography KW - CEUS KW - histopathology Y1 - 2021 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/clinical-hemorheology-and-microcirculation/ch219101 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-219101 SN - 1875-8622 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 79 IS - 1 SP - 27 EP - 38 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Urbig, Diemo A1 - Procher, Vivien D. A1 - Steinberg, Philip J. A1 - Volkmann, Christine T1 - The role of firm-level and country-level antecedents in explaining emerging versus advanced economy multinationals' R&D internationalization strategies T2 - International Business Review N2 - We examined firm-level and country-level antecedents of R&D internationalization strategies, focusing on differences between enterprises in emerging and advanced economies. Previous research often focuses on the relative importance of home-base-exploiting versus home-base-augmenting knowledge transfer strategies. We suggest that country-level and firm-level effects differ for the two strategies, and hence, we examined each strategy independently. Collecting data in China, India, the United States, and Germany, we demonstrated that firms' relative technological position as a firm-level characteristic can explain differences in home-base-exploiting strategies between emerging and advanced economies. In contrast, home-base-augmenting is more closely related to exploratory institutional environments, a country-level factor. Thus, either firm- or country-level antecedents can gain a dominant role, depending on the strategy implemented. KW - Emerging-economy multinational companies KW - Institutional environment KW - Home-base-exploiting KW - Home-base-augmenting KW - Innovation KW - R&D Internationalization Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0969593121001724 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2021.101954 SN - 0969-5931 VL - 31 IS - 3 SP - 1 EP - 14 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Le Gal, Patrice A1 - Harlander, Uwe A1 - Borcia, Ion-Dan A1 - Le Dizès, Stéphane A1 - Chen, J. A1 - Favier, Benjamin T1 - Instability of vertically stratified horizontal plane Poiseuille flow T2 - Journal of Fluid Mechanics Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2020.917 SN - 1469-7645 SN - 0022-1120 VL - 907 IS - R1 SP - 1 EP - 14 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wachs, Sebastian A1 - Wettstein, Alexander A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Krause, Norman A1 - Ballaschk, Cindy A1 - Kansok-Dusche, Julia A1 - Wright, Michelle F. T1 - Playing by the Rules? An Investigation of the Relationship Between Social Norms and Adolescents’ Hate Speech Perpetration in Schools T2 - Journal of Interpersonal Violence N2 - Hate speech is often discussed and investigated as an online phenomenon, while hate speech among adolescents in the real world (e.g., in schools) has rarely been researched. Consequently, not much is known about potential interpersonal correlates and theoretical frameworks that might help us better understand why adolescents engage in hate speech in offline environments. To add to the literature, this study investigates hate speech perpetration among young people by utilizing the Social Cognitive Theory; more specifically, the association between witnessing and perpetrating hate speech in schools, and whether this relation is weakened or strengthened by anti-hate speech injunctive norms and deviant peer pressure. The sample consists of 1719 young people (45.1% boys, 53.6% girls, 1.3% gender diverse) between 11 and 18 years old (Mage = 13.96; SD = .98) from 22 schools in Switzerland. Self-report questionnaires were administered to measure hate speech involvement and adolescents’ perception of social norms (i.e., anti-hate speech injunctive norms and deviant peer pressure). Multilevel regression analyses revealed that witnessing and perpetrating hate speech were positively associated. Moreover, injunctive anti-hate speech norms were negatively related and deviant peer pressure positively related to hate speech perpetration. Finally, increasing levels of injunctive anti-hate speech norms weakened the relation between witnessing and perpetrating hate speech, whereas higher levels of deviant peer pressure strengthened this association. The findings demonstrate that the Social Cognitive Theory is a useful framework for understanding hate speech perpetration in schools. The results also highlight the importance of taking into account social norms and interpersonal relationships (e.g., within the class) when designing anti-hate speech prevention programs and not focusing solely on intrapersonal factors. KW - hate crimes KW - hate speech KW - social norms KW - school violence KW - discrimination KW - adolescents Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/08862605211056032 SN - 0886-2605 VL - 37 IS - 21-22 SP - 21143 EP - 21164 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kolenda, Rafał A1 - Burdukiewicz, Michał A1 - Wimonć, Marcjanna A1 - Aleksandrowicz, Adrianna A1 - Ali, Aamir A1 - Szabo, Istvan A1 - Tedin, Karsten A1 - Bartholdson, Scott J. A1 - Pickhard, Derek A1 - Schierack, Peter T1 - Identification of Natural Mutations Responsible for Altered Infection Phenotypes of Salmonella enterica Clinical Isolates by Using Cell Line Infection Screens T2 - Applied and Environmental Microbiology Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.02177-20 SN - 1098-5336 VL - 87 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Comabella, Manual A1 - Deutschmann, Claudia A1 - Midaglia, Luciana A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Martínez, Júlia A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Montalban, Xavier T1 - Chitinase 3-like 1 is not a target antigen in patients with multiple sclerosis T2 - Multiple Sclerosis Journal Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/1352458520980141 SN - 1477-0970 SN - 1352-4585 VL - 27 IS - 9 SP - 1455 EP - 1457 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Jonas A1 - Berghaus, Sandro A1 - Blessing, Frithjof A1 - Wenzel, Folker A1 - Herbeck, Holger A1 - Blessing, Josef A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk T1 - Serological and viral genetic features of patients with COVID-19 in a selected German patient cohort-correlation with disease characteristics T2 - GeroScience Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-021-00443-w SN - 2509-2723 SN - 2509-2715 VL - 43 IS - 5 SP - 2249 EP - 2264 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Adefioye, Olusolabomi J. A1 - Weinreich, Jörg A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Olowe, Olugbenga Adekunle T1 - Phylogenetic Characterization and Multilocus Sequence Typing of Extended-Spectrum Beta Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli from Food-Producing Animals, Beef, and Humans in Southwest Nigeria T2 - Microbial Drug Resistance Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1089/mdr.2019.0397 SN - 1931-8448 SN - 1076-6294 VL - 27 IS - 1 SP - 111 EP - 120 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Chilimoniuk, Jarosław A1 - Gosiewska, Alicja A1 - Słowik, Jadwiga A1 - Weiss, Romano A1 - Deckert, P. Markus A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Burdukiewicz, Michał T1 - coutfitteR: efficient selection of count distributions to assess DNA damage T2 - Annals of Translational Medicine Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.21037/atm-20-6363 SN - 2305-5847 VL - 9 IS - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hanschmann, Henning A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Kramer, Toni A1 - Hanschmann, Katrin A1 - Steidle, Michael A1 - Fingerle, Volker A1 - Schmidt, Carsten A1 - Lehmann, Werner A1 - Schierack, Peter T1 - LoopTag FRET Probe System for Multiplex qPCR Detection of Borrelia Species T2 - Life Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/life11111163 SN - 2075-1729 VL - 11 IS - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sass, Jörn A1 - Westphal, Dorothee A1 - Wunderlich, Ralf T1 - Diffusion approximations for randomly arriving expert opinions in a financial market with Gaussian drift T2 - Journal of Applied Probability Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/jpr.2020.82 SN - 1475-6072 SN - 0021-9002 VL - 58 IS - 1 SP - 197 EP - 216 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Chami, Maximilian F. A1 - Albrecht, Eike A1 - Ryano, Mandela Peter T1 - Community Awareness and Understanding of the Origin of Swahili Archaeological Heritage and Ruins along Tanzania’s Swahili Coast: Conservation and Management Issues T2 - Journal of Heritage Management Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/24559296211054611 SN - 2456-4796 VL - Vol. 7 (2022) IS - 1 SP - 9 EP - 21 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Böllmann, Jörg A1 - Martienssen, Marion T1 - Impact of pH conditions and the characteristics of two electrodialysis membranes on biofilm development under semi-realistic conditions T2 - Biofouling N2 - The reuse of treated wastewater for irrigation is of increasing importance. The Ecosave farming project developed a new photocatalytic electrodialysis process for desalination and hygienization. However, membrane scaling significantly reduces filtration efficiency. This study investigated biofilm development on anion and cation exchange membranes at a wide pH range in pre-treated wastewater. Epifluorescence microscopic quantification of the biofilm by cell counts and surface coverage together with 16S rDNA gene copy numbers showed stronger biofilm development on the anion exchange membrane (AEM) compared with the cation exchange membrane (CEM) with up to 105 cells mm−2 and 20% surface coverage after three weeks. As the AEM biofilm developed best in neutral and a slightly alkaline pH, the CEM was colonized preferably at alkaline conditions. Extreme pH conditions strongly inhibited biofilm growth, which might help to minimize the maintenance effort by creating those conditions during the operation of the dialysis cell itself. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/08927014.2021.1999424 SN - 1029-2454 VL - 37 IS - 9-10 SP - 998 EP - 1005 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hertel, Robert A1 - Gibhardt, Johannes A1 - Martienssen, Marion A1 - Kuhn, Ramona A1 - Commichau, Fabian M. T1 - Molecular mechanisms underlying glyphosate resistance in bacteria T2 - Environmental Microbiology N2 - Glyphosate is a nonselective herbicide that kills weeds and other plants competing with crops. Glyphosate specifically inhibits the 5-enolpyruvyl-shikimate-3-phosphate (EPSP) synthase, thereby depleting the cell of EPSP serving as a precursor for biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids. Glyphosate is considered to be toxicologically safe for animals and humans. Therefore, it became the most-important herbicide in agriculture. However, its intensive application in agriculture is a serious environmental issue because it may negatively affect the biodiversity. A few years after the discovery of the mode of action of glyphosate, it has been observed that bacteria evolve glyphosate resistance by acquiring mutations in the EPSP synthase gene, rendering the encoded enzyme less sensitive to the herbicide. The identification of glyphosate-resistant EPSP synthase variants paved the way for engineering crops tolerating increased amounts of the herbicide. This review intends to summarize the molecular mechanisms underlying glyphosate resistance in bacteria. Bacteria can evolve glyphosate resistance by (i) reducing glyphosate sensitivity or elevating production of the EPSP synthase, by (ii) degrading or (iii) detoxifying glyphosate and by (iv) decreasing the uptake or increasing the export of the herbicide. The variety of glyphosate resistance mechanisms illustrates the adaptability of bacteria to anthropogenic substances due to genomic alterations. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.15534 SN - 1462-2920 SN - 1462-2912 VL - 23 IS - 6 SP - 2891 EP - 2905 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hertel, Robert A1 - Schöne, Kerstin A1 - Mittelstädt, Carolin A1 - Meißner, Janek A1 - Zschoche, Nick A1 - Collignon, Madeline A1 - Kohler, Christian A1 - Friedrich, Ines A1 - Schneider, Dominik A1 - Hoppert, Michael A1 - Kuhn, Ramona A1 - Schwedt, Inge A1 - Scholz, Patricia A1 - Poehlein, Anja A1 - Martienssen, Marion A1 - Ischebeck, Till A1 - Daniel, Rolf A1 - Commichau, Fabian M. T1 - Characterization of glyphosate-resistant Burkholderia anthina and Burkholderia cenocepacia isolates from a commercial Roundup® solution T2 - Environmental Microbiology Reports N2 - Roundup® is the brand name for herbicide solutions containing glyphosate, which specifically inhibits the 5-enolpyruvyl-shikimate-3-phosphate (EPSP) synthase of the shikimate pathway. The inhibition of the EPSP synthase causes plant death because EPSP is required for biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids. Glyphosate also inhibits the growth of archaea, bacteria, Apicomplexa, algae and fungi possessing an EPSP synthase. Here, we have characterized two glyphosate-resistant bacteria from a Roundup solution. Taxonomic classification revealed that the isolates 1CH1 and 2CH1 are Burkholderia anthina and Burkholderia cenocepacia strains respectively. Both isolates cannot utilize glyphosate as a source of phosphorus and synthesize glyphosate-sensitive EPSP synthase variants. Burkholderia. anthina 1CH1 and B. cenocepacia 2CH1 tolerate high levels of glyphosate because the herbicide is not taken up by the bacteria. Previously, it has been observed that the exposure of soil bacteria to herbicides like glyphosate promotes the development of antibiotic resistances. Antibiotic sensitivity testing revealed that the only the B. cenocepacia 2CH1 isolate showed increased resistance to a variety of antibiotics. Thus, the adaptation of B. anthina 1CH1 and B. cenocepacia 2CH1 to glyphosate did not generally increase the antibiotic resistance of both bacteria. However, our study confirms the genomic adaptability of bacteria belonging to the genus Burkholderia. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-2229.13022 SN - 1758-2229 VL - 14 IS - 1 SP - 70 EP - 84 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dornisch, Wolfgang A1 - Stöckler, Joachim T1 - An isogeometric mortar method for the coupling of multiple NURBS domains with optimal convergence rates T2 - Numerische Mathematik N2 - We investigate the mortar finite element method for second order elliptic boundary value problems on domains which are decomposed into patchesk with tensor-product NURBS parameterizations. We follow the methodology of IsoGeometric Analysis (IGA) and choose discrete spaces Xh,k on each patch k as tensor-product NURBS spaces of the same or higher degree as given by the parameterization. Our work is an extension of Brivadis et al. (Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng 284:292–319, 2015) and highlights several aspects which did not receive full attention before. In particular, by choosing appropriate spaces of polynomial splines as Lagrange multipliers, we obtain a uniform infsup-inequality. Moreover, we provide a new additional condition on the discrete spaces Xh,k which is required for obtaining optimal convergence rates of the mortar method. Our numerical examples demonstrate that the optimal rate is lost if this condition is neglected. KW - Isogeometric analysis KW - Mortar Method KW - Approximate duals KW - domain coupling Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00211-021-01246-z SN - 0945-3245 SN - 0029-599X VL - 149 IS - 4 SP - 871 EP - 931 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knopp, Lothar T1 - Gesetzlicher Mindestlohn für ausländische Betreuungskräfte in der häuslichen Pflege T2 - Neue Zeitschrift für Arbeitsrecht : NZA Y1 - 2021 SN - 0943-7525 IS - 2 SP - 1617 EP - 1620 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knopp, Lothar T1 - Eskalation des Dilettantismus ‒ zum (partiellen) Staatsversagen T2 - Neue Zeitschrift für Verwaltungsrecht : NVwZ Y1 - 2021 SN - 0721-880X IS - 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knopp, Lothar T1 - Eingriff in die Hochschulautonomie verfassungswidrig? – mit einem Fokus auf den neuen § 8a BbgHG T2 - Landes- und Kommunalverwaltung : LKV Y1 - 2021 SN - 0939-0014 IS - 2 SP - 49 ff. ER - TY - GEN A1 - Beisegel, Jesse A1 - Denkert, Carolin A1 - Köhler, Ekkehard A1 - Krnc, Matjaž A1 - Pivač, Nevena A1 - Scheffler, Robert A1 - Strehler, Martin T1 - The Recognition Problem of Graph Search Trees T2 - SIAM Journal on Discrete Mathematics Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1137/20M1313301 SN - 1095-7146 SN - 0895-4801 VL - 35 IS - 2 SP - 1418 EP - 1446 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herzog, Roland A1 - Meyer, Christian A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Existence and regularity of the plastic multiplier in static and quasistatic plasticity T2 - GAMM-Mitteilungen N2 - Existence of the plastic multiplier with L1 spatial regularity for quasistatic and static plasticity is proved for arbitrary continuous and convex yield functions and linear hardening laws. L2 regularity is shown in the particular cases of kinematic hardening, or combined kinematic and isotropic hardening KW - Plastic Multiplier KW - Static Plasticity KW - Quasistatic Plasticity KW - Variational Inequalities Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/gamm.201110006 SN - 1522-2608 VL - 34 IS - 1 SP - 39 EP - 44 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Damptey, Frederick Gyasi A1 - Garcia de la Riva, Enrique A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Trade-offs and synergies between food and fodder production and other ecosystem services in an actively restored forest in Ghana. T2 - Frontiers in Forests and Global Change N2 - Active restoration of degraded areas with multi-purpose tree species has been proposed as a measure to counter the losses from deforestation and mitigate consequences for local human communities. In a restoration project at a former mining site in Ghana, ecosystem services (ES) proxies in an actively restored forest were compared to a local agroforestry system and a natural forest. The results provide information about trade-offs and synergies between proxies of multiple ES(s). ES proxies were assessed according to the following categories: (a) food-tree ES: biomass of food and fodder trees, (b) other trees ES: biomass of fuelwood, medicine or mulch trees, (c) ES-providing arthropods: the number of detritivorous and predaceous arthropods, (d) carbon storage, and (e) tree diversity. Eight replicated plots with sizes of 20 m × 20 m were established in each forest type, and the following ES proxies were quantified: tree diversity was estimated as taxonomic richness of all trees with a diameter at breast height ≥ 10 cm in each plot. Tree species were then classified into ES categories (food, fodder, fuelwood, medicine, or mulch). Ground-dwelling arthropods were sampled for 10 weeks with five pitfall traps in each plot and categorized as decomposers and predators. Tree above-ground biomass was estimated based on the measured tree diameter, height, and specific wood density using an improved allometric equation. The above-ground biomass was later converted into carbon storage by assuming 50% of the above-ground biomass of each tree. ES proxies based on tree biomass were highest in the natural forest. Fodder, medicine, fuelwood, and mulch ES proxies were significantly higher in the restored forest than the agroforestry system. Decomposer arthropods were most dominant in the natural forest, followed by the restored forest and the agroforestry system. Predacious arthropods were more dominant in the restored forest than in the other forest types. Carbon storage was highest in the natural forest, followed by the agroforestry system and the restored forest. The actively restored forest took an intermediate position between the agroforestry system and the natural forest regarding values for all nine ES proxies. Out of the 14 possible relationships between food or fodder and other ES proxies, five were significantly positive (synergies) with no observed trade-offs (significant negative relationships). High fodder production in the restored and natural forests went along with higher values of other biomass ES proxies and numbers of beneficial arthropods, while higher food biomass also correlated positively with numbers of decomposing arthropods. Our results document that active restoration of degraded sites provides a valuable framework to promote ES provision to local communities compared to agroforestry system, but at the cost of lower food and fuelwood biomass and carbon storage compared to natural forests. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/ffgc.2021.630959 SN - 2624-893X IS - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Le Provost, Gaëtane A1 - Thiele, Jan A1 - Manning, Peter A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Contrasting responses of above- and belowground diversity to multiple components of land-use intensity T2 - Nature Communications N2 - Land-use intensification is a major driver of biodiversity loss. However, understanding how different components of land use drive biodiversity loss requires the investigation of multiple trophic levels across spatial scales. Using data from 150 agricultural grasslands in central Europe, we assess the influence of multiple components of local- and landscape-level land use on more than 4,000 above- and belowground taxa, spanning 20 trophic groups. Plot-level land-use intensity is strongly and negatively associated with aboveground trophic groups, but positively or not associated with belowground trophic groups. Meanwhile, both above- and belowground trophic groups respond to landscape-level land use, but to different drivers: aboveground diversity of grasslands is promoted by diverse surrounding land-cover, while belowground diversity is positively related to a high permanent forest cover in the surrounding landscape. These results highlight a role of landscape-level land use in shaping belowground communities, and suggest that revised agroecosystem management strategies are needed to conserve whole-ecosystem biodiversity. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23931-1 SN - 2041-1723 IS - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Leimer, Sophia A1 - Berner, Doreen A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Boeddinghaus, Runa S. T1 - Land-use intensity and biodiversity effects on infiltration rates and hydraulic conductivity of grassland soils in southern Germany T2 - Ecohydrology N2 - Evidence from experimental and established grasslands indicates that plant biodiversity can modify the water cycle. One suspected mechanism behind this is a higher infiltration capacity (νB) and hydraulic conductivity (K) of the soil on species-rich grasslands. However, in established and agriculturally managed grasslands, biodiversity effects cannot be studied independent of land-use effects. Therefore, we investigated in established grassland systems how land-use intensity and associated biodiversity of plants and soil animals affect νB and K at and close to saturation. On 50 grassland plots along a land-use intensity gradient in the Biodiversity Exploratory Schwäbische Alb, Germany, we measured νB with a hood infiltrometer at several matrix potentials and calculated the saturated and unsaturated K. We statistically analysed the relationship between νB or K and land-use information (e.g., fertilising intensity), abiotic (e.g., soil texture) and biotic data (e.g., plant species richness, earthworm abundance). Land-use intensity decreased and plant species richness increased νB and K, while the direction of the effects of soil animals was inconsistent. The effect of land-use intensity on νB and K was mainly attributable to its negative effect on plant species richness. Our results demonstrate that plant species richness was a better predictor of νB and K at and close to saturation than land-use intensity or soil physical properties in the established grassland systems of the Schwäbische Alb. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.2301 SN - 1936-0584 SN - 1936-0592 VL - 14 IS - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shackelford, Nancy A1 - Paterno, Gustavo B. A1 - Suding, Katharine L. A1 - Garcia de la Riva, Enrique T1 - Drivers of seedling establishment success in dryland restoration efforts T2 - Nature ecology & evolution N2 - Restoration of degraded drylands is urgently needed to mitigate climate change, reverse desertification and secure livelihoods for the two billion people who live in these areas. Bold global targets have been set for dryland restoration to restore millions of hectares of degraded land. These targets have been questioned as overly ambitious, but without a global evaluation of successes and failures it is impossible to gauge feasibility. Here we examine restoration seeding outcomes across 174 sites on six continents, encompassing 594,065 observations of 671 plant species. Our findings suggest reasons for optimism. Seeding had a positive impact on species presence: in almost a third of all treatments, 100% of species seeded were growing at first monitoring. However, dryland restoration is risky: 17% of projects failed, with no establishment of any seeded species, and consistent declines were found in seeded species as projects matured. Across projects, higher seeding rates and larger seed sizes resulted in a greater probability of recruitment, with further influences on species success including site aridity, taxonomic identity and species life form. Our findings suggest that investigations examining these predictive factors will yield more effective and informed restoration decision-making. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-021-01544-7 SN - 2397-334X IS - 5 SP - 1 EP - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Michalko, Radek A1 - Košulič, Ondřej A1 - Martinek, Petr A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Disturbance by invasive pathogenic fungus alters arthropod predator – prey food webs in ash plantations T2 - Journal of Animal Ecology N2 - 1. According to the disturbance-succession theory, natural disturbances support biodiversity and are expected to increase the complexity of food-webs in for-est ecosystems by opening canopies and creating a heterogeneous environment. However, a limited number of studies have investigated the impact of disturbance by invasive pathogenic species and succession on arthropod predator–prey food-webs in forest ecosystems.2. Hymenoscyphus fraxineus is a pathogenic fungus of ash trees that is invasive in Europe and causes massive dieback, mainly of the common ash Fraxinus excelsioracross its native range. Here we investigated how this pathogenic fungus affects food- webs of web- building spiders and their prey in understorey vegetation of ash plantations.3. In 23 young and middle-aged ash plantations that were distributed along a gradi-ent of infestation by H. fraxineus (29%– 86% infestation), we measured the vegeta-tion structure (canopy openness, shrub coverage, herb/grass coverage), the trait composition of local spider communities (web type, body size), the prey availabil-ity and the prey intercepted by spider webs. We then evaluated the multivariate prey composition (prey type, body size) and network properties.4. Hymenoscyphus fraxineus opened the ash tree canopy, which resulted in denser shrub coverage. The dense shrub vegetation changed the composition of web types in local spider communities and increasing fungus infestation resulted in reduced mean body size of spiders. Infestation by H. fraxineus reduced the avail-ability of predaceous Coleoptera and increased the availability of herbivorous Coleoptera as potential prey. The mean body size of captured prey and the per capita capture rates of most prey groups decreased with increasing fungus in-festation. Hymenoscyphus fraxineus infestation indirectly reduced the complexity in bipartite networks and the trophic functional complementarity in local web- building spider communities. The plantation age affected the vegetation structure but did not affect the studied food-webs.5. Forest disturbance by the invasive pathogen affected four trophic levels (plant– herbivore–coleopteran intermediate predator–top predator web- building spiders) and, contrary to the disturbance-succession theory, disturbance by the fungus simplified the web- building spider- prey food-webs. The results support the view that H. fraxineus represents a threat to the biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in the simplified ecosystems of ash plantations. KW - body size KW - Fraxinus KW - Hymenoscyphus fraxineus KW - indirect interaction KW - network KW - spider Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.13537 SN - 1365-2656 SN - 0021-8790 VL - 90 IS - 9 SP - 2213 EP - 2226 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Salazar Zarzosa, Pablo A1 - Diaz Herraiz, Aurelio A1 - Olmo, Manuel A1 - Ruiz-Benito, Paloma A1 - Barrón, Vidal A1 - Bastias, Cristina C. A1 - Garcia de la Riva, Enrique A1 - Villar, Rafael T1 - Linking functional traits with tree growth and forest productivity in Quercus ilex forests along a climatic gradient T2 - Science of The Total Environment N2 - Plant functional traits are highly plastic to changes in climatic factors and nutrient availability. However, the intraspecific plant response to abiotic factors and the overall effect on tree growth and productivity is still under debate. We studied forest productivity for 30 Quercus ilex subsp. ballota forests in Spain along a broad climatic gradient of aridity (mean annual precipitation from 321 to 858 mm). We used linear mixed models to quantify the effect of climatic and edaphic (soil nutrients, topography, and texture) factors on tree functional traits (leaf and branch traits), and subsequently, the effect of such functional traits and abiotic factors on the relative growth rate (RGR) of adult trees. We used piecewise structural equation models (SEMs) to determine the causal effect of intrinsic and extrinsic factors on forest productivity. Our results showed that tree functional traits were mainly explained by climatic and edaphic factors. Functional traits and tree biomass explained forest biomass and RGR, respectively, which ultimately explained forest productivity. In conclusion, intraspecific variability of functional traits has a significant effect on plant biomass and growth, which ultimately may explain forest productivity in Quercus ilex forests. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147468 SN - 0048-9697 SN - 1879-1026 VL - Vol. 786 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meyer, Svenja A1 - Kundel, Dominika A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Fliessbach, Andreas A1 - Scheu, Stefan T1 - Soil microarthropods respond differently to simulated drought in organic and conventional farming systems T2 - Ecology and Evolution N2 - In Central Europe, summer droughts are increasing in frequency which threatens production and biodiversity in agroecosystems. The potential of different farming systems to mitigate detrimental drought effects on soil animals is largely unknown. We investigated the effects of simulated drought on the abundance and community composition of soil microarthropods (Collembola and Oribatida and Meso-, Pro-, and Astigmata) in winter wheat fields under long-term conventional and organic farming in the DOK trial, Switzerland. We simulated drought by excluding 65% of the ambient precipitation during the wheat-growing season from March to June 2017. The abundance of Collembola and Oribatida declined more consistently in conventionally managed fields compared to organically managed fields under simulated drought. The abundance of Collembola as well as Meso-, Pro- and Astigmata, but not the abundance of Oribatida, increased in deeper soil layers due to simulated drought, suggesting vertical migration as a drought avoidance strategy. The species composition of Oribatida communities, but not of Collembola communities, differed significantly between drought treatments and between farming systems. Soil carbon content was a major factor structuring Oribatida communities. Our results suggest that organic farming buffers negative effects of drought on soil microarthropods, presumably due to higher soil carbon content and associated higher soil moisture and improved soil structure. This potential of organic farming systems to mitigate consequences of future droughts on soil biodiversity is promising and needs further exploration across larger climatic and spatial scales and should be extended to other groups of soil biota. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.7839 SN - 2045-7758 VL - 11 IS - 15 SP - 10369 EP - 10380 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ferrante, Marco A1 - Möller, Daniella A1 - Möller, Gabriella A1 - Menares, Esteban A1 - Lubin, Yael A1 - Segoli, Michal T1 - Invertebrate and vertebrate predation rates in a hyperarid ecosystem following an oil spill T2 - Ecology and Evolution N2 - Extreme temperatures and scarce precipitation in deserts have led to abiotic factors often being regarded as more important than biotic ones in shaping desert communities. The presumed low biological activity of deserts is also one reason why deserts are often overlooked by conservation programs. We provide the first quantification of predation intensity from a desert ecosystem using artificial sentinel prey emulating caterpillars, a standardized monitoring tool to quantify relative predation pressure by many invertebrate and vertebrate predators. The study was conducted in a protected natural area affected by oil spills in 1975 and 2014; hence, we assessed the potential effects of oil pollution on predation rates. We found that predation was mostly due to invertebrate rather than vertebrate predators, fluctuated throughout the year, was higher at the ground level than in the tree canopy, and was not negatively affected by the oil spills. The mean predation rate per day (12.9%) was within the range found in other ecosystems, suggesting that biotic interactions in deserts ought not to be neglected and that ecologists should adopt standardized tools to track ecological functions and allow for comparisons among ecosystems. KW - acacia KW - biotic interactions KW - ecological functions KW - Evrona Nature Reserve KW - oil pollution Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.7978 SN - 2045-7758 VL - 11 IS - 17 SP - 12153 EP - 12160 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Garcia de la Riva, Enrique A1 - Prieto, Iván A1 - Marañón, Teodoro A1 - Pérez-Ramos, Ignacio Manuel A1 - Olmo, Manuel A1 - Villar, Rafael T1 - Root economics spectrum and construction costs in Mediterranean woody plants: the role of symbiotic associations and the environment T2 - Journal of Ecology N2 - 1. Many studies have quantified the functional variation of fine root traits to un-derstand the overarching trade-off between maximizing resource acquisition or conservation (root economics spectrum [RES]). However, we know remarkably less on how plant strategies along the RES are actually constrained by the amount of photosynthates required to construct roots (i.e. construction costs, CC) or how below- ground interactions with symbiotic organisms modify root trait patterns and their relationships with CC.2. Our main aim was to quantify CC of fine roots (<2 mm) and their underlying compo-nents (carbon, minerals and organic nitrogen concentrations) in 60 Mediterranean woody species with contrasting symbiotic association types (ectomycorrhizas, ar-buscular and ericoid mycorrhizas and N-fixing bacteria). We examined (a) whether the covariation among fine root traits along the RES was related to the intrinsic cost of producing roots and whether this relationship was dependent on the type of root symbiosis; (b) whether the relationship of each CC component with the RES was dependent on the type of root symbiosis and (c) whether soil water and nutrient availability determined differences in CC across sites.3. According to the RES hypothesis, fine root traits showed a main covariation trend (acquisition vs. conservation), defined by the first PCA axis, which also segregated species by their two main contrasting symbiotic types (arbuscular and ectomycor-rhizal). We found a positive relationship between root CC and the RES (i.e. PCA axis 1) and, interestingly, slopes differed among symbiotic types, in response to the different role of each specific CC component. In addition, independently of symbiotic type, root CC decreased linearly with soil nutrient availability and quad-ratically with plant water availability.4. Synthesis. Our study demonstrates that woody plants display different functional strategies in their root CC, related with their position on the RES, and that CC differ among symbiotic groups. The influence of the root CC components across species varied among symbiotic associations, pointing to a trade-off between structural and metabolic compounds. Root CC were also strongly modulated by soil resource availability (nutrients and water). This study highlights that root CC are fundamental to better understand below- ground resource-use strategies. KW - below-ground strategies KW - functional traits KW - mycorrhiza KW - resource gradient KW - rhizobium KW - root carbon KW - soil nutrient KW - specific root length Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.13612 SN - 1365-2745 VL - 109 IS - 4 SP - 1873 EP - 1885 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Michalko, Radek A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Pekár, Stano T1 - Interaction between hunting strategy, habitat type and stratum drive intraguild predation and cannibalism T2 - Oikos N2 - Intraguild predation (IGP) is a common interaction between generalist predators when they competitively exploit similar resources and prey on each other. Theoretical models predict limitations for intraguild predator coexistence unless some mechanisms, such as the utilization of alternative prey (i.e. trophic niche partitioning) and cannibalism, increase the relative intraspecific clustering and interspecific segregation. As hunting strategies determine trophic niches of predators and their own vulnerability to predation, the hunting strategies may also determine the relative importance of cannibalism, predation, and exploitative competition and consequently the intensity of IGP. The importance of hunting strategies on the potential outcome of IGP and how habitat properties modify the interaction between hunting strategies remain poorly understood. Using published data on spider prey of spider predators, we first investigated how predation of a top-predator on a mesopredator is determined by the functional distance between both predators to understand how predation and exploitation are distributed in spider communities. Subsequently, we investigated the predation among spiders with particular hunting strategies to understand which strategies interact most frequently. We also investigated whether the interaction between hunting strategies was influenced by habitat type (forest, open (semi)natural habitat, agroecosystem) or by habitat stratum (ground versus vegetation). The hunting strategies of top-predators and mesopredators interacted to determine the relative capture proportions of conspecifics and hetero-specifics. This interaction was further modified by habitat type and stratum. Two mechanisms can reinforce coexistence in highly diverse spider communities. First, top-predators preyed most frequently on functionally distinct mesopredators, which indicates the overall intensity of IGP may be relaxed by a balanced distribution between exploitative competition and predation. Second, cannibalism was common for top-predators with a hunting strategy of frequently preying on functionally similar mesopredators. Cannibalism may lead to self-limitation of top-predator populations and may thereby facilitate coexistence between two predator species. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/oik.08355 SN - 1600-0706 IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Feng, Lanya A1 - Arvidsson, Fredrik A1 - Smith, Henrik G. A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Fallows and permanent grasslands conserve the species composition and functional diversity of carabid beetles and linyphiid spiders in agricultural landscapes T2 - Insect Conservation & Diversity N2 - The European Union reformed the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP 2013) to include greening measures with the aim to decrease negative impacts of farming on the environment and biodiversity. The degree to which greening measures such as permanent grassland or fallows of different ages enhance biodiversity is still debated. We investigate the effect of fallows in two different age classes and permanent grassland in the surrounding landscape on the taxonomic and functional diversity of two numerically dominant groups of natural enemies in cereal fields: soil-emerging carabid beetles (Family Carabidae, Order Coleoptera) and ground-active linyphiid spiders (Family Linyphiidae, Order Araneae). The species richness, abundance and Hill–Shannon diversity of carabids and linyphiids did not differ significantly between fallows and cereal fields and was not significantly related to the proportion of permanent grassland in the surrounding landscape. The species composition of both communities differed significantly between cereal fields and fallows. The functional distinctness, as an index reflecting the similarity among species in terms of functional traits, of linyphiids was significantly higher in fallows than in cereal fields. The trait composition of carabids was significantly related to the proportion of permanent grassland depending on field type (cereal or fallow). Our results document considerable species turnover in natural enemy communities of adjacent cereal fields and fallows, and support the assumption that older fallows (>8 years) produce functionally more diverse natural enemy communities. Maintaining fallows for a long period is an important measure to promote the functional diversity in predaceous arthropod communities. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/icad.12520 SN - 1752-4598 SN - 1752-458X VL - 14 IS - 6 SP - 825 EP - 836 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Preußer, Daniel A1 - Bröring, Udo A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Juretzek, Thomas T1 - Effects of antibiotics ceftriaxone and levofloxacin on the growth of Calliphora vomitoria L. (Diptera: Calliphoridae) and effects on the determination of the post-mortem interval T2 - Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine N2 - The determination of the post-mortem interval (PMI) is one of the main tasks of forensic entomology, where growth and stages of development of arthropods are used for PMI determination. It is well acknowledged that maggot development is significantly influenced by temperature. Attention has also been paid to the microbial populations of the cadaver, because toxic substances contained in the substrate can influence the microorganisms and affect arthropods growth and development. However, little is known about the influence of antibiotics taken during lifetime of a person on insect development after that persons death. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that the antibiotics ceftriaxone and levofloxacin cause inhibition of growth and delay of pupation of the blow fly Calliphora vomitoria, which would then lead to an incorrect determination of the post-mortem interval in forensic cases. It was found that maggot development was delayed by levofloxacin mixed in minced pork, where a mixture of both antibiotics increased this effect. The maggot growth in the samples with ceftriaxone was not delayed. Pupation was delayed in treatments with a mixture of both antibiotics. The mortality was reduced by separate or combined application of ceftriaxone and levofloxacin, which we attribute to a bactericidal effect of the antibiotics on maggot pathogens. Depending on the concentration of the antibiotics, an underestimation of the post-mortem interval between 24 and 48 h could be suspected. We conclude that antibiotics need to be considered if instar stages are to be used to determine the PMI and that some antibiotics may improve the breeding conditions of maggots. KW - Antibiotics KW - Blowflies KW - Entomotoxicology KW - Post-mortem interval Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jflm.2021.102207 SN - 1878-7487 SN - 1752-928X VL - 81 IS - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mezdoud, Zaineb A1 - Hartmann, Carsten A1 - Remita, Mohamed Riad A1 - Kebiri, Omar T1 - α-Hypergeometric Uncertain Volatility Models and their Connection to 2BSDEs T2 - Bulletin of the Institute of Mathematics Academia Sinica : New series Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.21915/BIMAS.2021304 SN - 2304-7909 SN - 2304-7895 VL - 16 IS - 3 SP - 263 EP - 288 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Redjil, Amel A1 - Gherbal, H. B. A1 - Kebiri, Omar T1 - Existence of relaxed stochastic optimal control for G-SDEs with controlled jumps T2 - Stochastic Analysis and Applications Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/07362994.2021.1991809 SN - 1532-9356 VL - Vol. 41 (2023) IS - 1 SP - 115 EP - 133 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Skeel, Robert D. A1 - Hartmann, Carsten T1 - Choice of Damping Coefficient in Langevin Dynamics T2 - The European Physical Journal. B Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1140/epjb/s10051-021-00182-z SN - 1434-6036 SN - 1434-6028 VL - 94 IS - 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Fliessbach, Andreas A1 - Gavín‐Centol, María Pilar A1 - Hedlund, Katarina A1 - Ingimarsdóttir, María A1 - Bracht Jørgensen, Helene A1 - Kozjek, Katja A1 - Meyer, Svenja A1 - Montserrat, Marta A1 - Sánchez-Moreno, Sara A1 - Moya-Laraño, Jordi A1 - Scheu, Stefan A1 - Serrano-Carnero, Diego A1 - Truu, Jaak A1 - Kundel, Dominika T1 - Conventional agriculture and not drought alters relationships between soil biota and functions T2 - Scientific Reports N2 - Soil biodiversity constitutes the biological pillars of ecosystem services provided by soils worldwide. Soil life is threatened by intense agricultural management and shifts in climatic conditions as two important global change drivers which are not often jointly studied under field conditions. We addressed the effects of experimental short‐term drought over the wheat growing season on soil organisms and ecosystem functions under organic and conventional farming in a Swiss long term trial. Our results suggest that activity and community metrics are suitable indicators for drought stress while microbial communities primarily responded to agricultural practices. Importantly, we found a significant loss of multiple pairwise positive and negative relationships between soil biota and process‐related variables in response to conventional farming, but not in response to experimental drought. These results suggest a considerable weakening of the contribution of soil biota to ecosystem functions under long‐term conventional agriculture. Independent of the farming system, experimental and seasonal (ambient) drought conditions directly affected soil biota and activity. A higher soil water content during early and intermediate stages of the growing season and a high number of significant relationships between soil biota to ecosystem functions suggest that organic farming provides a buffer against drought effects. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-03276-x SN - 2045-2322 IS - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tluste, Claudia A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Shells of the Roman snail are important microhabitats for soil invertebrates T2 - Soil organisms N2 - Shells of molluscs from snail farms (heliciculture) are used as food additives or construction material and ecological engineering approaches utilize their potential to assist with ecosystem restoration. Previous studies, for example, highlighted the importance of snail shells as microhabitat for threatened arthropod species with particular focus on wild bees nesting in empty shells. This study focuses on shells of the Roman snail (Helix pomatia Linnaeus, 1758) and their value as microhabitat for shell adopters in different dominant vegetation forms and sample periods. In total, 1408 empty shells were placed in areas dominated by one of two vegetation forms (herbaceous vegetation or trees) from February to November 2019 (autumn) or from February to June/ July 2020 (summer). All collected shells (N = 618) were sealed at the time of collection, frozen and all content was then analysed with a digital microscope. In total, 91.4% of all collected shells were occupied and the average number of shell adopters was 1.5 time higher in shells collected in summer compared to shells collected in autumn. The number of shell adopters per shell was 1.5 times higher in study areas dominated by herbaceous vegetation compared to study areas dominated by trees. Shell width, but not shell height significantly affected the composition of shell adopter communities. Shells with a larger width were more frequently colonized by another gastropod species [Discus rotundatus (O. F. Müller, 1774)] than less wide shells. Shells of the Roman snail provide important multipurpose benefits for a wide range of soil organisms, particularly in habitats that were dominated by herbaceous vegetation and in summer. In autumn, shell adopters included isopods, gastropods and spiders in one subset of shells or Collembola in another subset. The future use of commercially available, empty shells from heliciculture in local restoration projects of open, tree-free areas, holds the potential to support a diverse invertebrate fauna with additional refuge habitats. KW - Gastropoda KW - Helix pomatia KW - shell adopter KW - shelter KW - soil animals Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.25674/so93iss3id167 SN - 2509-9523 SN - 1864-6417 VL - 93 IS - 3 SP - 141 EP - 152 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nüsken, Nikolas A1 - Richter, Lorenz T1 - Solving high-dimensional Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman PDEs using neural networks: perspectives from the theory of controlled diffusions and measures on path space T2 - Partial Differential Equations and Applications Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s42985-021-00102-x SN - 2662-2971 SN - 2662-2963 VL - 2 IS - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Paniw, Maria A1 - Garcia de la Riva, Enrique A1 - Lloret, Francisco T1 - Demographic traits improve predictions of spatiotemporal changes in community resilience to drought T2 - Journal of Ecology N2 - Communities are increasingly threatened by extreme weather events. The cumulative effects of such events are typically investigated by assessing community resilience, that is, the extent to which affected communities can achieve pre-event states. However, a mechanistic understanding of the processes underlying resilience is frequently lacking and requires linking various measures of resilience to demographic responses within natural communities. Using 13 years of data from a shrub community that experienced a severe drought in 2005, we use generalized additive models to investigate temporal changes in three measures of resilience. We assess whether community-weighted, species-specific demographic traits such as longevity and reproductive output can predict changes in resilience and how the performance of these traits compares to more commonly used plant functional traits such as leaf area or root dry matter content. We find significant spatiotemporal variation in community dynamics after the drought. Overall, demographic traits are better at predicting absolute and relative resilience in total plant cover, but functional traits outperform demographic traits when resilience in community composition is assessed. All resilience measures show nonlinear and context-specific responses to demographic and functional traits; and these responses depend strongly on the severity of initial drought impact. Synthesis. Our work demonstrates that a full picture of the mechanisms underlying community responses to drought requires the assessment of numerous species-specific characteristics (including demographic and functional traits) and how these characteristics differentially affect complementary measures of community changes through time. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.13597 SN - 1365-2745 SN - 0022-0477 VL - 109 IS - 9 SP - 3233 EP - 3245 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kebiri, Omar A1 - Hafida, Bouanani A1 - Abdeldjebbar, Kandouci T1 - On the existence and uniqueness of solutions to forward backward stochastic differential equations driven by G-Brownian motion T2 - Bulletin of the Institute of Mathematics Academia Sinica : New series Y1 - 2020 SN - 2304-7909 SN - 2304-7895 VL - 15 SP - 217 EP - 236 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hartmann, Carsten A1 - Schütte, Christof A1 - Zhang, Wei T1 - Jarzysnki equality, fluctuation theorems and variance reduction: Mathematical analysis and numerical algorithms T2 - Journal of Statistical Physics Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10955-019-02286-4 SN - 1572-9613 SN - 0022-4715 VL - 175 IS - 6 SP - 1214 EP - 1261 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Daraghmeh, Adnan A1 - Hartmann, Carsten A1 - Qatanani, Naji T1 - Balanced model reduction of linear systems with nonzero initial conditions: singular perturbation approximation T2 - Applied Mathematics and Computation Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amc.2019.02.001 SN - 1873-5649 SN - 0096-3003 VL - 353 SP - 295 EP - 307 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mathulwe, Letodi L. A1 - Jacobs, Karin A1 - Malan, Antoinette P. A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Addison, Matthew F. A1 - Addison, Pia T1 - Characterisation of Metarhizium majus (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) isolated from the Western Cape Province, South Africa. T2 - PloS one N2 - Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) are important soil-dwelling entomopathogens, which can be used as biological control agents against pest insects. EPF are capable of causing lethal epizootics in pest insect populations in agroecosystems. During a survey of the orchard soil at an organic farm, different EPF species were collected and identified to species level, using both morphological and molecular techniques. The EPF were trapped from soil samples taken from an apricot orchard. The traps, which were baited in the laboratory, used susceptible host insects, including the last-instar larvae of Galleria mellonella (wax moth larvae) and Tenebrio molitor (mealworm larvae). The potential pathogenicity of the local Metarhizium majus isolate was tested and verified using susceptible laboratory-reared last-instar T. molitor larvae. The identification of the M. majus isolated from South African soil was verified using both morphological and molecular techniques. The occurrence of M. majus in the South African soil environment had not previously been reported. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0240955 SN - 1932-6203 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fotang, Chefor A1 - Bröring, Udo A1 - Roos, Christian A1 - Enoguanbhor, Evidence Chinedu A1 - E. Abwe, Ekwoge A1 - Dutton, Paul A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Angwafo, Tsi Evaristus A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Human activity and forest fragmentation threaten populations of the Nigeria-Cameroon Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes ellioti) in Western Cameroon T2 - International Journal of Primatology N2 - Increased human activities such as commodity-led deforestation, extension of agriculture, urbanization, and wildfires are major drivers of forest loss worldwide. In Cameroon, these activities cause a loss of suitable primate habitat and could ultimately threaten the survival of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). We derived independent estimates of the population size of the Endangered Nigeria–Cameroon chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes ellioti) in Kom-Wum Forest Reserve, Cameroon, and surrounding unprotected forest areas through 1) direct observations, 2) camera trapping, 3) distance sampling, 4) marked nest counts, and 5) standing crop nest counts. In addition, we georeferenced signs of chimpanzee and human activity along line transects. We used a generalized linear mixed model to predict the occurrence of chimpanzees in response to edge length (measured as the perimeter of core forest patches), core area of forest patches (measured as area of forest patches beyond an edge width of 100 m), habitat perforation (measured as the perimeter of nonforested landscape within core forest patches), patch size(measured as area of forest patches), and forest cover. Chimpanzee density estimates ranged from 0.1 (direct observation) to 0.9 (distance sampling) individuals km−2 depending on estimation method with a mean nest group size of 7 ± 5.4 (SD). The mean encounter rate for signs of chimpanzee activity was significantly higher in mature forests (2.3 signs km−1) than in secondary forests (0.3 signs km−1) and above 1000 m elevation (4.0 signs km−1) than below 1000 m (1.0 signs km−1). The mean encounter rate for signs of human activity was significantly higher in secondary (8.0 signs km−1) than in mature forests (0.9 signs km−1). Secondary forests, habitat perforation, and edge length had a significant negative effect on the occurrence of chimpanzee signs. Overall, human activity and forest degradation affected the number of observed chimpanzee signs negatively. Regular antipoaching patrols and reforestation programs in degraded areas could potentially reduce threats to populations of endangered species and may increase suitable habitat area. KW - Bushmeat hunting KW - Core areas KW - Edge length KW - Forest fragmentation KW - Forest perforation KW - Nest counts KW - Mature forest KW - Pan troglodytes ellioti KW - Secondary forest Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10764-020-00191-2 SN - 1573-8604 SN - 0164-0291 VL - 42 IS - 1 SP - 105 EP - 129 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Phillips, Helen R. P. A1 - Bach, Elizabeth M. A1 - Eisenhauer, Nico A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Bartz, Marie L. C. T1 - Global data on earthworm abundance, biomass, diversity and corresponding environmental properties T2 - Scientific Data N2 - Earthworms are an important soil taxon as ecosystem engineers, providing a variety of crucial ecosystem functions and services. Little is known about their diversity and distribution at large spatial scales, despite the availability of considerable amounts of local-scale data. Earthworm diversity data, obtained from the primary literature or provided directly by authors, were collated with information on site locations, including coordinates, habitat cover, and soil properties. Datasets were required, at a minimum, to include abundance or biomass of earthworms at a site. Where possible, site-level species lists were included, as well as the abundance and biomass of individual species and ecological groups. This global dataset contains 10,840 sites, with 184 species, from 60 countries and all continents except Antarctica. The data were obtained from 182 published articles, published between 1973 and 2017, and 17 unpublished datasets. Amalgamating data into a single global database will assist researchers in investigating and answering a wide variety of pressing questions, for example, jointly assessing aboveground and belowground biodiversity distributions and drivers of biodiversity change. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-021-00912-z SN - 2052-4463 N1 - viele weitere Autoren IS - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Carsten A1 - Borcherding, Heike A1 - Thiele, Thomas A1 - Schedler, Uwe A1 - Werner, Franziska A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Schierack, Peter T1 - Fluorescence-encoded poly (methyl metharcylate) nanoparticles for a lateral flow assay detecting IgM autoantibodies in rheumatoid arthritis T2 - Analytical biochemistry Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/journal.ppat.1010118 SN - 1096-0309 VL - Vol. 633 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Emmenegger, Marc A1 - Kumar, Sreedhar Saseendran A1 - Emmenegger, Vishalini A1 - Malinauskas, Tomas A1 - Büttner, Thomas A1 - Rose, Laura A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Sprinzl, Martin F. A1 - Sommer, Clemens J. A1 - Lackner, Karl J. A1 - Aguzzi, Adriano A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Frauenknecht, Katrin B. M. T1 - Anti-prothrombin autoantibodies enriched after infection with SARS-CoV-2 and influenced by strength of antibody response against SARS-CoV-2 proteins T2 - PLoS pathogens Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1010118 SN - 1553-7374 VL - 17 IS - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Khan, Muhammad Moman A1 - Kolenda, Rafał A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Weinreich, Jörg A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Schierack, Jakob A1 - Stubbe, Michael A1 - Lkhagvasuren, Davaa A1 - Guenther, Sebastian A1 - Schaufler, Katharina T1 - Investigation of Commensal Escherichia coli Populations of Cormorant Hatchlings in the Absence of Anthropogenic Impacts in Remote Areas of West Mongolia T2 - Microorganisms Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9020372 SN - 2076-2607 VL - 9 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Awan, Asad Bashir A1 - Yan, Aixin A1 - Sarwar, Yasra A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Ali, Aamir T1 - Detection of synergistic antimicrobial resistance mechanisms in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from post-operative wound infections T2 - Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-021-11680-6 SN - 1432-0614 VL - 105 IS - 2 SP - 9321 EP - 9332 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Roggenbuck, Johannes J. A1 - Zarske, Grit A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Wunderlich, Gerd A1 - Conrad, Karsten A1 - Kotzerke, Joerg A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Zöphel, Klaus T1 - Third generation radioimmunoassay (RIA) for TSH receptor autoantibodies (TRAb) - one step less, similar results? T2 - Nuklearmedizin Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1277-5972 SN - 0029-5566 VL - 60 IS - 1 SP - 38 EP - 46 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Bonhage, Alexander A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Hot spots and hot zones of soil organic matter in forests as a legacy of historical charcoal production T2 - Forest Ecology and Management N2 - Human land use often leads to distinct modifications of soils within small, clearly delimited areas. Legacy effects of past land use are also abundant in recent forest areas, but are hardly considered in ecosystem assessment and soil mapping. The soils on relict charcoal hearths (RCHs) are a widespread example for such land use legacy soils in forests. Soils on RCHs differ clearly from surrounding forest soils in their stratigraphy and properties, and are most prominently characterized by a technogenic substrate layer with high contents of charcoal and thus soil organic matter (SOM). Although RCH soils can clearly contribute to the SOM stocks of forest soils, their relevance on the landscape scale has hardly been quantified. In this paper we analyze and discuss the distribution and effects of RCH soils across scales for forests in the state of Brandenburg, Germany, with a focus on SOM stocks. Our analysis is based on a large-scale mapping of RCHs from digital elevation models (DEMs), combined with a linear regression model of SOM stocks in RCH soils. The spatial distribution of RCH soils in the study region has a scale dependent heterogeneity. The large-scale variation in site densities is related to the concentration of charcoal production to specific forest areas while the small-scale variation is related to the irregular distribution of single RCHs within the charcoal production fields. Up to 1.5 % of the surface are covered by RCH soils in the forest areas within the study region. The results also show that RCHs can significantly contribute to the SOM stocks of forests, even where they cover only a small fraction of the soil surface, with up to 18 % additional SOM for forest areas. Because of the heterogeneous distribution of RCHs, the SOM stock additions depend on the scale of observation. Our results suggest that RCH SOM additions can be overestimated when sites in small areas (< 1 km²) are analyzed; and that characteristic spatial concentration patterns of RCHs are even observable when values are aggregated to large areas (25 km² and more). Aggregating effects to irregularly-sized forest administrative units resulted in maps that well represent the spatial distribution of RCH soils and SOM. The study highlights that considering land use legacy effects can be relevant for the results of soil mapping and inventories; and that prospecting and mapping land use legacies from DEMs can contribute to improving such approaches. KW - Anthropogenic soils KW - relict charcoal hearths KW - soil organic matter KW - pyrogenic carbon KW - GIS Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119846 SN - 1872-7042 VL - 504 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hemes, Susanne A1 - Meiners, Frank A1 - Sizova, Irina A1 - Hama-Saleh, Rebar A1 - Röhrens, Daniel A1 - Weisheit, Andreas A1 - Häfner, Constantin Leon A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Hybrid, Additively Manufactured Ti6Al4V after Thermomechanical Processing T2 - Materials Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14041039 SN - 1996-1944 VL - 14 IS - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Sizova, Irina A1 - Szyndler, Joanna A1 - Bennett, Jennifer A1 - Hyatt, Greg A1 - Cao, Jian A1 - Papke, Thomas A1 - Merklein, Marion T1 - On the hot deformation behavior of Ti-6Al-4V made by additive manufacturing T2 - Journal of Materials Processing Technology KW - Titanium KW - Additive manufacturing KW - Hot deformation Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2020.116840 SN - 0924-0136 SN - 1873-4774 VL - 288 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sizova, Irina A1 - Sviridov, Alexander A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Eisentraut, Mark A1 - Hemes, Susanne A1 - Hecht, Ulrike A1 - Marquardt, Axel A1 - Leyens, Christoph T1 - A study on hot-working as alternative post-processing method for titanium aluminides built by laser powder bed fusion and electron beam melting T2 - Journal of Materials Processing Technology Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2020.117024 SN - 0924-0136 SN - 1873-4774 VL - 291 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Imran, Muhammad A1 - Sizova, Irina A1 - Buhl, Johannes A1 - Gerster, Stephan A1 - Herty, Michael T1 - A soft sensor for property control in multi-stage hot forming based on a level set formulation of grain size evolution and machine learning T2 - Advances in Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aime.2021.100041 SN - 2666-9129 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hemes, Susanne A1 - Koch, Waldemar A1 - Hama-Saleh, Rebar A1 - Sizova, Irina A1 - Meiners, Frank A1 - Mathes, Michael A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Weisheit, Andreas A1 - Schleifenbaum, Johannes Henrich T1 - Microstructural and Mechanical Analysis of High-Performance Parts Produced by Hybrid Additive Manufacturing of Powder LMD on Forged Base Components T2 - Advanced Materials Research KW - Forging KW - Hybrid Additive Manufacturing KW - Mechanical Properties KW - Microstructure KW - Phase Reconstruction KW - Powder LMD KW - Ti64 Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.1161.85 SN - 1662-8985 SN - 1022-6680 VL - Vol. 1161 SP - 85 EP - 93 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Sizova, Irina A1 - Kies, Fabian A1 - Haase, Christian T1 - Directed energy deposition of Inconel 718 powder, cold and hot wire using a six-beam direct diode laser set-up T2 - Additive Manufacturing Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addma.2021.102269 SN - 2214-8604 VL - Vol. 47 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Israr, Rameez A1 - Buhl, Johannes A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - A study on power-controlled wire-arc additive manufacturing using a data-driven surrogate model T2 - The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology N2 - Wire-arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) provides an alternative for the production of various metal products needed in medium to large batch sizes due to its high deposition rates. However, the cyclic heat input in WAAM may cause local overheating. To avoid adverse effects on the performance of the part, interlayer dwelling and active cooling are used, but these measures increase the process time. Alternatively, the temperature during the WAAM process could be controlled by optimizing the welding power. The present work aims at introducing and implementing a novel temperature management approach by adjusting the weld-bead cross-section along with the welding power to reduce the heat accumulation in the WAAM process. The temperature evolution during welding of weld beads of different cross-sections is investigated and a database of the relation between optimal welding power for beads of various sizes and different pre-heating temperatures was established. The numerical results are validated experimentally with a block-shaped geometry. The results show that by the proposed method, the test shape made was welded with lower energy consumption and process time as compared to conventional constant-power WAAM. The proposed approach efficiently manages the thermal input and reduces the need for pausing the process. Hence, the defects related to heat accumulation might be reduced, and the process efficiency increased. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-021-07358-y SN - 1433-3015 SN - 0268-3768 VL - 177 IS - 7-8 SP - 2133 EP - 2147 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nguyen, Lam A1 - Buhl, Johannes A1 - Israr, Rameez A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Analysis and compensation of shrinkage and distortion in wire-arc additive manufacturing of thin-walled curved hollow sections T2 - Additive Manufacturing Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addma.2021.102365 SN - 2214-8604 VL - Vol. 47 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Szczepański, Łukasz A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Jensch, Felix A1 - Ambroziak, Andrzej A1 - Kurzynowski, Tomasz T1 - Structural investigations of Fe-Zr-Si-Cu metallic glass with low glass-forming ability produced in laser powder bed fusion technology T2 - Materials & Design Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2021.110112 SN - 0264-1275 SN - 1873-4197 VL - Vol. 210 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Deillon, Léa A1 - Jensch, Felix A1 - Palm, Frank A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - A new high strength Al–Mg–Sc alloy for laser powder bed fusion with calcium addition to effectively prevent magnesium evaporation T2 - Journal of materials processing technology Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2021.117416 SN - 1873-4774 SN - 0924-0136 VL - Vol. 300 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Heimann, Thorsten A1 - Noack Napoles, Juliane T1 - Transformationsprozesse eudaimogenetisch gestalten T2 - Soziale Arbeit Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.dzi.de/soziale-literatur/soziale-arbeit/archiv/ SN - 0490-1606 VL - 70 IS - 09 SP - 330 EP - 337 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fricke, Florian A1 - Brandalero, Marcelo A1 - Liehr, Sascha A1 - Kern, Simon A1 - Meyer, Klas A1 - Kowarik, Stefan A1 - Hierzegger, Robin A1 - Westerdick, Stephan A1 - Maiwald, Michael A1 - Hübner, Michael T1 - Artificial Intelligence for Mass Spectrometry and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Using a Novel Data Augmentation Method T2 - IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TETC.2021.3131371 SN - 2168-6750 VL - 10 IS - 1 SP - 87 EP - 98 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gueth, Mareike A1 - Wiegleb, Gerhard A1 - Durka, Walter T1 - Colonisation of secondary habitats in mining sites by Labidura riparia (Dermaptera: Labiduridae) from multiple natural source populations T2 - Journal of Insect Conservation N2 - Background Open cast lignite mines, sand pits and military training areas represent human-made, secondary habitats for specialized xerothermophilous and psammophilous species. Rare species, including the earwig Labidura riparia, are found in high population densities in such sites. However, it is unknown from which sources colonisation took place and how genetic variation compares to that of ancient populations on natural sites. Methods Using nine microsatellite markers, we analysed genetic variation and population structure of L. riparia in 21 populations in NE Germany both from secondary habitats such as lignite-mining sites, military training areas and a potassium mining heap, and rare primary habitats, such as coastal and inland dunes. Results Genetic variation was higher in populations from post-mining sites and former military training areas than in populations from coastal or inland dune sites. Overall population diferentiation was substantial (FST=0.08; FʹST=0.253), with stronger diferentiation among primary (FST=0.196; FʹST=0.473) than among secondary habitats (FST=0.043; FʹST=0.147). Diferentiation followed a pattern of isolation by distance. Bayesian structure analysis revealed three gene pools representing primary habitats on a coastal dune and two diferent inland dunes. All populations from secondary habitats were mixtures of the two inland dune gene pools, suggesting multiple colonization of post-mining areas from diferent source populations and hybridisation among source populations. Discussion Populations of L. riparia from primary habitats deserve special conservation, because they harbour diferentiated gene pools. The majority of the L. riparia populations, however, thrive in secondary habitats, highlighting their role for conservation. Implications for insect conservation A dual strategy should be followed of conserving both remaining natural habitat harbouring particular intraspecifc gene pools and secondary habitat inhabited by large admixed and genetically highly variable populations. KW - Earwig KW - Labidura riparia KW - Microsatellites KW - Restoration KW - Colonisation KW - Inland dunes KW - Conservation KW - Human made habitat Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10841-021-00305-y SN - 1572-9753 SN - 1366-638X VL - 25 IS - 2 SP - 349 EP - 359 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Opuni-Frimpong, Emmanuel A1 - Gabienu, Elizabeth M. A1 - Adusu, Daniel A1 - Opuni-Frimpong, Nana Yeboaa A1 - Damptey, Frederick Gyasi T1 - Plant diversity, conservation significance, and community structure of two protected areas under different governance T2 - Trees, Forests and People N2 - Protected areas have become a vital component of the global biodiversity conservation strategy due to the increasing extinction and vulnerability of different species in the 21st century. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) emphasises the need to harness all available resources and models, including collaborative and indigenous forest conservation practices, to ensure holistic global biodiversity conservation strategies. In Ghana, besides the shared governance of protected area management, there also exists the governance by indigenous community models in which traditional structures (clans and stools) use taboos, deities, totems, and myths as tools in managing protected areas. To study the effectiveness of the various governance systems in protected area management, we compared species diversity, vegetation structure, and biomass stock of an area under shared governance (wildlife sanctuary) to communal governance (sacred grove). Each protected area was purposively stratified and each stratum assigned condition score based on the degree to which the area has been disturbed. Six spatially separated plots (at least 200 m apart) with sizes 25 × 25 m were demarcated in each of the two protected areas. All trees with a diameter ≥ 10 cm at breast height were inventoried. For each tree, the diameter and height were measured and further used for biomass stock estimation. Each tree conservation significance was determined based on star ratings in-country and the IUCN red list of threatened species database. The study recorded a total of 201 trees consisting of 40 species and 23 families with a higher diversity in the wildlife sanctuary. Anogeissus leiocarpus mostly dominated the sacred grove, while the wildlife sanctuary was dominated by Trichilia prieureana, Ceiba pentandra, Cola gigantea, Pycnanthus angolensis, Cola caricifolia, and Pterygota macrocarpa. Most trees in the sacred grove were green star rated, with one scarlet, red and black tree. Only one tree was vulnerable, endangered with a decreasing population trend. The wildlife sanctuary is also characterised mainly by green star ratings, with few red, pink, and scarlets. Most of the species were least concerned on the IUCN list, with three been vulnerable and one endangered species. Mean diameter at breast height (dbh) and the average height was greater in wildlife sanctuary than the sacred grove. Basal area and above-ground biomass were 12.814 m2ha−1, 922 Mg ha−1, and 5.156 m2ha−1, 211 Mg ha−1 for the wildlife sanctuary and the sacred grove, respectively. Though the wildlife sanctuary supports a greater composition and diversity of plant species than the sacred grove, some synergies could be seen in both governance models. Therefore, both governance models should be employed to ensure sustainable management of the country's protected areas and diverse resources. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tfp.2021.100082 SN - 2666-7193 IS - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wanner, Manfred A1 - Sogame, Yoichiro A1 - Shimizu, Miki T1 - Testate amoebae from two low-lying tropical islets of Tuvalu, South Pacific T2 - Pedobiologia : journal of soil ecology N2 - Testate amoebae are a polyphyletic group of ubiquitous unicellular eukaryotic micro-organisms. They occur in high abundances in freshwater and terrestrial habitats, where they play an important role in biogeochemical and ecological processes. Terrestrial amoeba data from small tropical islands are rarely available despite the fact that they are interesting for investigations on global change induced sea level rise, biodiversity and biogeography. Based on a previously published paper on the impact of increased salinity to testate amoebae, the aim of this study is to present data on amoebal biodiversity from two remote, low-lying tropical islets of Tuvalu (South Pacific). In total 47 species and subspecific taxa of testate amoebae were recorded. These findings are based on 21 soil samples from 7 terrestrial habitats examined microscopically. Most species found were relatively small (< 100 μm) and considered as cosmopolitan. Non-metric multidimensional scaling ordination (NMDS) separated the samples by habitat structure and flooding regime rather than islet origin. Despite the apparently remote character of the study sites, human influence on distribution and biogeography of testate amoebae cannot be excluded. KW - Soil protists KW - Community structure KW - Sea level rise KW - Remote Pacific islands Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedobi.2021.150732 SN - 0031-4056 SN - 1873-1511 SP - 87 EP - 88 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pekár, Stano A1 - Wolff, Jonas O. A1 - Černecká, Ľudmila A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Mammola, Stefano A1 - Lowe, Elizabeth C. A1 - Fukushima, Caroline S. A1 - Herberstein, Marie E. A1 - Kučera, Adam A1 - Buzatto, Bruno A. T1 - The World Spider Trait database: a centralized global open repository for curated data on spider traits T2 - Database N2 - Spiders are a highly diversified group of arthropods and play an important role in terrestrial ecosystems as ubiquitous predators, which makes them a suitable group to test a variety of eco-evolutionary hypotheses. For this purpose, knowledge of a diverse range of species traits is required. Until now, data on spider traits have been scattered across thousands of publications produced for over two centuries and written in diverse languages. To facilitate access to such data, we developed an online database for archiving and accessing spider traits at a global scale. The database has been designed to accommodate a great variety of traits (e.g. ecological, behavioural and morphological) measured at individual, species or higher taxonomic levels. Records are accompanied by extensive metadata (e.g. location and method). The database is curated by an expert team, regularly updated and open to any user. A future goal of the growing database is to include all published and unpublished data on spider traits provided by experts worldwide and to facilitate broad cross-taxon assays in functional ecology and comparative biology. Y1 - 2021 UR - https://spidertraits.sci.muni.cz/ U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/database/baab064 SN - 1758-0463 IS - 2021 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Prill, Robert A1 - Becker, Roland A1 - Schulz, Robert A1 - Michel, Sven A1 - Hommel, Hagen T1 - No correlation between symmetry based performance measures and patient related outcome prior to and after total knee arthroplasty T2 - Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy N2 - Standardized outcome measures are crucial for the evaluation of different treatment and rehabilitation regimes in patients after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Performance-based measures are necessary to capture different aspects of physical function. High reliability and agreement of five performance-based measures were hypothesized to differentiate between measurement error and change in test performance. Secondary outcomes are the correlation of performance-based measurements to KSS and WOMAC prior to surgery (baseline) and 10 weeks thereafter (t3). Methods The test–retest reliabilities and agreements of the 1-m walk test, the stair-climbing test, the timed-up-and-go test, the weight-balanced-chair-rising test and the isometric maximum knee extension force in patients undergoing total knee replacements were studied. The intraclass correlation coefficient was calculated and a Bland–Altman analysis performed. The weight-balanced-chair-rising test showed a symmetry at baseline = 0.77, 5 ± 1 days after surgery (t1) = 0.50, 9 ± 1 days (t2)= 0.59 and (t3)= 0.80. All performance tests showed high intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC= 0.81–0.99). The 10-m walk test, stair climbing test, and the timed-up-and-go test showed high agreement in the Bland–Altman analysis. The Bland–Altman analysis for the weight-balanced-chair-rising test and isometric knee extension force indicated high agreement at 5 and 9 days postoperatively, but the relative measurement error increased pre- and 10 weeks postoperatively. In conclusion, symmetry, as an important outcome after TKA, is a reliable and rather unique item that should unquestionably be added to established measurements like walking tests or survey-based function assessment. The implementation of standardized performance-based measures to assess physical function in rehabilitation procedures will help to improve the more objectively based assessment of different rehabilitation protocols. KW - Osteoarthritis KW - Outcome assessment KW - Functional tests KW - Total knee replacement KW - Total knee arthroplasty KW - Outcome set Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-021-06570-3 SN - 1433-7347 VL - Vol. 30 (2022) IS - 9 SP - 3155 EP - 3161 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kozjek, Katja A1 - Kundel, Dominika A1 - K. Kushwaha, Sandeep A1 - Olsson, Pål Axel A1 - Ahrén, Dag A1 - Fliessbach, Andreas A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Hedlund, Katarina T1 - Long-term agricultural management impacts arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi more than short-term experimental drought T2 - Applied Soil Ecology N2 - Agricultural management practices and extreme weather events associated with climate change can influence the diversity and abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) with potential consequences for crop production. However, the importance of the interactive effects of long-term agricultural management and extreme weather events on AMF communities in agricultural soils is not yet fully explored. A short-term drought experiment with rainout-shelters was performed in winter wheat fields in a long-term agricultural trial with organic (biodynamic) and conventional management practices. During four months of the winter wheat growing period (March–June 2017), the rainout-shelters reduced the ambient precipitation by 65% on average. At two sampling dates, the AMF diversity and community composition were assessed using a single-molecule real-time (SMRT) DNA sequencing. A total of 955 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), belonging to twelve genera were identified. The long-term farming systems and the short-term experimental drought did not affect AMF ASV diversity levels. The AMF community composition at the genus level differed between the organic and the conventional farming systems, but no distinctive communities were found in response to the experimental drought. The three most abundant genera Acaulospora, Paraglomus and Funneliformis were correlated to the two farming practices. Our study demonstrates that AMF communities in agricultural soils are responsive to long-term farming systems, and are resistant to one short-term summer drought event. KW - Experimental drought KW - Long-term farming practices KW - Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi KW - Single-molecule real-time sequencing Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2021.104140 SN - 0929-1393 SN - 1873-0272 IS - 168 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Romero-Zaliz, Rocio A1 - Cantudo, Antonio A1 - Pérez, Eduardo A1 - Jimenez-Molinos, Francisco A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Roldan, Juan Bautista T1 - An Analysis on the Architecture and the Size of Quantized Hardware Neural Networks Based on Memristors T2 - Electronics (MDPI) N2 - We have performed different simulation experiments in relation to hardware neural networks (NN) to analyze the role of the number of synapses for different NN architectures in the network accuracy, considering different datasets. A technology that stands upon 4-kbit 1T1R ReRAM arrays, where resistive switching devices based on HfO2 dielectrics are employed, is taken as a reference. In our study, fully dense (FdNN) and convolutional neural networks (CNN) were considered, where the NN size in terms of the number of synapses and of hidden layer neurons were varied. CNNs work better when the number of synapses to be used is limited. If quantized synaptic weights are included, we observed thatNNaccuracy decreases significantly as the number of synapses is reduced; in this respect, a trade-off between the number of synapses and the NN accuracy has to be achieved. Consequently, the CNN architecture must be carefully designed; in particular, it was noticed that different datasets need specific architectures according to their complexity to achieve good results. It was shown that due to the number of variables that can be changed in the optimization of a NN hardware implementation, a specific solution has to be worked in each case in terms of synaptic weight levels, NN architecture, etc. KW - RRAM KW - memristive device KW - neural network Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10243141 SN - 2079-9292 VL - 10 IS - 24 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Künzel, Stephan R. A1 - Hoffmann, Maximilian A1 - Weber, Silvio A1 - Künzel, Karolina A1 - Kämmerer, Susanne A1 - Günscht, Mario A1 - Klapproth, Erik A1 - Rausch, Johanna S. E. A1 - Sadek, Mirna S. A1 - Kolanowski, Tomasz A1 - Meyer-Roxlau, Stefanie A1 - Piorkowski, Christopher A1 - Tugtekin, Sems M. A1 - Rose-John, Stefan A1 - Yin, Xiaoke A1 - Mayr, Manuel A1 - Kuhlmann, Jan Dominik A1 - Wimberger, Pauline A1 - Grützmann, Konrad A1 - Herzog, Natalie A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner A1 - O’Reilly, Molly A1 - Kabir, S. Nashitha A1 - Sommerfeld, Laura C. A1 - Guan, Kaomei A1 - Wielockx, Ben A1 - Fabritz, Larissa A1 - Nattel, Stanley A1 - Ravens, Ursula A1 - Dobrev, Dobromir A1 - Wagner, Michael A1 - El-Armouche, Ali T1 - Diminished PLK2 Induces Cardiac Fibrosis and Promotes Atrial Fibrillation T2 - Circulation Research N2 - Rationale: Fibrosis promotes the maintenance of atrial fibrillation (AF), making it resistant to therapy. Improved understanding of the molecular mechanisms leading to atrial fibrosis will open new pathways toward effective antifibrotic therapies. Objective: This study aims to decipher the mechanistic interplay between PLK2 (polo-like kinase 2) and the profibrotic cytokine OPN (osteopontin) in the pathogenesis of atrial fibrosis and AF. Methods and Results: Atrial PLK2 mRNA expression was 10-fold higher in human fibroblasts than in cardiomyocytes. Compared with sinus rhythm, right atrial appendages and isolated right atrial fibroblasts from patients with AF showed downregulation of PLK2 mRNA and protein, along with increased PLK2 promotor methylation. Genetic deletion as well as pharmacological inhibition of PLK2 induced profibrotic phenotype conversion in cardiac fibroblasts and led to a striking de novo secretion of OPN. Accordingly, PLK2-deficient (PLK2 knockout) mice showed cardiac fibrosis and were prone to experimentally induced AF. In line with these findings, OPN plasma levels were significantly higher only in patients with AF with atrial low-voltage zones (surrogates of fibrosis) compared with sinus rhythm controls. Mechanistically, we identified ERK1/2 as the relevant downstream mediator of PLK2 leading to increased OPN expression. Finally, oral treatment with the clinically available drug mesalazine, known to inhibit ERK1/2, prevented cardiac OPN overexpression and reversed the pathological PLK2 knockout phenotype in PLK2 knockout mice. Conclusions: Abnormal PLK2/ERK1/2/OPN axis function critically contributes to AF-related atrial fibrosis, suggesting reinforcing PLK2 activity and/or OPN inhibition as innovative targets to prevent fibrosis progression in AF. Mesalazine derivatives may be used as lead compounds for the development of novel anti-AF agents targeting fibrosis. KW - atrial fibrillation KW - fibroblasts KW - fibrosis KW - mesalamine KW - osteopontin Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.121.319425 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.121.319425 SN - 1524-4571 SN - 0009-7330 VL - 129 IS - 8 SP - 804 EP - 820 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kuhlmann, Ulrike A1 - Schmidt-Rasche, Christina A1 - Jörg, Fabian A1 - Pourostad, Vahid A1 - Spiegler, Jennifer T1 - Update on the revision of Eurocode 3 - Evolution by improvement and harmonization T2 - Zeitschrift Steel Construction Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/stco.202000048 SN - 1867-0520 VL - 14 IS - 1 SP - 2 EP - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Euler, Mathias A1 - Kuhlmann, Ulrike A1 - Steinmann, Ralf T1 - Beitrag zu Kranbahnkonsolen im Stahlhochbau – Ermüdungsnachweis für die Lasteinleitung in den Konsolensteg T2 - Zeitschrift Stahlbau Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/stab.202100083 SN - 1437-1049 VL - 90 IS - 51 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lichan, Sophia A1 - Prill, Robert A1 - Michel, Sven T1 - Performance-determining coordinative and conditional abilities in the fire brigade sport discipline "100m obstacle course" within elite female athletes T2 - International Journal of Sports and Exercise Medicine N2 - Fire brigade sport is a common sport in parts of Europe, with a growing body of popularity. In sports science, no research has been carried out in this field up to date. In consequence, there are no structures for talent scouting in firefighting sports. "100 m obstacle course" is one out of the four disciplines in this sport. For an efficient scouting of talents and training in general the necessary conditional and coordinative abilities must be identified. Dynamic balance, short sprint and motor differentiation ability seem to be promising abilities for determining completion performance. In 16 elite female fire brigade athletes the Purdue Pegboard Test for motor differentiation ability, a 23 m sprint for basic speed and Backward balancing, representing dynamic balance, were performed. Those results were correlated to the completion performance of those athletes to identify the highest influencing factors on performance in this discipline. In 16 elite female fire brigade athletes the Purdue Pegboard Test for motor differentiation ability, a 23 m sprint for basic speed and Backward balancing, representing dynamic balance, were performed. Those results were correlated to the completion performance of those athletes to identify the highest influencing factors on performance in this discipline. KW - Fire fighter sport KW - Fire brigade sport KW - Conditional abilities KW - Talent scouting Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.23937/2469-5718/1510124 SN - 2469-5718 VL - 5 IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Suliga, Edyta A1 - Cieśla, Elżbieta A1 - Michel, Sven A1 - Kaducakova, Helena A1 - Martin, Titus A1 - Śliwiński, Grzegorz A1 - Braun, Alexander A1 - Izova, Marcela A1 - Lehotska, Maria A1 - Kozieł, Dorota A1 - Głuszek, Stanisław T1 - Diet Quality Compared to the Nutritional Knowledge of Polish, German, and Slovakian University Students—Preliminary Research T2 - International Journal of Enviromental Research an Public Health N2 - The eating habits of students differ significantly from those recommended by health practitioners. The aim of this study was to find differences related to diet quality and knowledge on nutrition among Polish, German, and Slovakian students as well as to examine which factors differentiate the diet quality of students from these three countries. The study was conducted on a group of 394 university students from Poland, Germany, and Slovakia. The assessment of diet quality and knowledge on food and nutrition was done with the use of the Dietary Habits and Nutrition Beliefs Questionnaire. The diet of German students was characterized by a significantly higher consumption of legume-based foods, vegetables, and fruit compared to Polish students and Slovakian participants (p < 0.001). The diet of the Poles was characterized by a high consumption of cured meat, smoked sausages, hot dogs, white bread and bakery products, butter, fried foods, and energy drinks. The most important factors significantly associated with diet quality involved the country, place of residence, Body Mass Index (BMI), physical activity, and time spent watching TV or using a computer. Polish students were characterized by the highest level of knowledge on food and nutrition (p < 0.001). However, it was not reflected in their diet. The authorities of universities should aim to provide students with access to canteens on campuses which would offer the possibility of consumption of both affordable and healthy meals. KW - eating habits KW - young adults KW - nutritional knowledge Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17239062 SN - 1660-4601 SN - 1661-7827 VL - 17 IS - 23 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Michel, Sven A1 - Bachmann, Jana A1 - Witte, Julia A1 - Martin, Titus A1 - Braun, Alexander A1 - Hage, Joachim T1 - Der Status konditioneller Fähigkeiten als Teilkomponente der motorischen Leistungsfähigkeit bei 6-jährigen Vorschulkindern. Ergebnisse und Interpretation einer urbanen Studie und die Notwendigkeit physiotherapeutischer Interventionen T2 - Zeitschrift für Physiotherapeuten N2 - Eine Vielzahl aktueller Studien und populärwissenschaftlicher Veröffentlichungen weist auf einen Rückgang motorischer Fähigkeiten bei Kindern und Jugendlichen hin. Dadurch ist, forciert durch die Verfolgung unterschiedlicher Interessen, das Bild eines generellen motorischen Leistungsverlusts entstanden, das mit Blick auf die gesellschaftliche Leistungsfähigkeit der Kinder unter anderem physiotherapeutische Interventionen im Vorschulbereich postuliert. Die hier vorliegende Studie widmet sich dieser Thematik und untersucht den Status konditioneller Fähigkeiten bei 6-jährigen Vorschulkindern. KW - Leistungsfähigkeit KW - Vorschulkinder KW - konditionelle Fähigkeiten KW - altersgemischte Gruppen Y1 - 2013 SN - 1614-0397 VL - 65 IS - 8 SP - 20 EP - 33 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Braun, Alexander A1 - Martin, Titus A1 - Alfermann, Dorothee A1 - Michel, Sven T1 - Überprüfung der Reliabilität und Validität der Kurzform des Physical Self-Description Questionnaire (PSDQ-S) in den Altersgruppen des frühen und späten Erwachsenenalters T2 - Zeitschrift für Sportpsychologie N2 - Zusammenfassung. Mit dem Physical Self-Description Questionnaire Short (PSDQ-S) von Marsh, Martin und Jackson (2010) liegt eine auf 40 Items gekürzte validierte Version des Physical Self-Description Questionnaire von Marsh, Richards, Johnson, Roche und Tremayne (1994) vor, die bereits in mehrere Sprachen übersetzt ist. Die vorliegende Studie evaluierte den deutschsprachigen PSDQ-S anhand von 402 Probanden im frühen und späten Erwachsenenalter. Im Ergebnis lassen die Analyse der Reliabilität und Validität sowie der Vergleich mit den Befunden von Marsh et al. (2010), Stiller und Alfermann (2007) sowie weiterer übersetzter und validierter PSDQ-S-Versionen die Verwendung der deutschsprachigen Kurzform empfehlen. Ebenso wie die Originalversion ist sie für männliche und weibliche Personen, sowie für die Altersgruppen des frühen und späten Erwachsenenalters geeignet. Für alle vier Gruppen besteht eine äquivalente Faktorstruktur. KW - PSDQ-S KW - physisches Selbstkonzept KW - frühes und spätes Erwachsenenalter Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1026/1612-5010/a000236 SN - 2190-6300 SN - 1612-5010 VL - 25 IS - 3 SP - 115 EP - 127 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, Felix Claus A1 - Kleibert, Jana Maria A1 - Ibert, Oliver T1 - Hiding in the Spotlight: Commodifying Nature and the Geographies of Dissociation in the Fur Fashion Complex T2 - Economic Geography Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/00130095.2020.1858713 SN - 0013-0095 SN - 1944-8287 VL - 97 IS - 1 SP - 89 EP - 112 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Damptey, Frederick Gyasi A1 - Adofo, Ernest A1 - Duah-Gyamfi, Akwasi A1 - Adusu, Daniel A1 - Opuni-Frimpong, Emmanuel T1 - Logging effects on seedling regeneration and diversity in a tropical moist semi-deciduous forest in Ghana T2 - Geology, Ecology, and Landscapes N2 - The effect of time lag after logging on seedling dynamics was assessed in logged and unlogged forest plots located in the Pra-Anum Forest Reserve. Remnant tree attributes were sampled in six plots with sizes of 25 × 25 m in each forest type. Within each forest type, ten subplots with sizes 1 × 1 m were established for sampling seedling regeneration dynamics. Enumerated seedlings were grouped as pioneer, non-pioneer light demander, and shade-tolerant species. Regenerating seedlings were more diverse in the recently logged forest area characterised by Broussonetia papyrifera and Musanga cecropioides, and least in the unlogged forest driven predominantly by Celtis mildbraedii and Baphia nitida. Pioneer species were primarily dominant in the recently logged forest, while shade-tolerant and non-pioneer light-demanding species characterised the logged-over forest. Species richness and canopy openness of remnant stands explained 32 percent of the variations in regeneration richness between the logged and unlogged areas. Twenty-seven percent of the variations in seedling abundance was also explained by remnant trees richness, their size diameter and the degree to which their canopy has been opened. Logging-induced disturbance favours the sporadic emergence of pioneer species in recently disturbed areas which are later replaced by non-pioneer light-demanding or shade-tolerant species as light becomes limiting in the understory. KW - Canopy Gaps KW - Logging-induced Disturbance KW - Pioneer Species KW - Species Colonisation KW - Seedling Diversity Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/24749508.2021.1952769 SN - 2474-9508 VL - 7(2023) IS - 4 SP - 269 EP - 280 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Garcia de la Riva, Enrique A1 - Ignacio Querejeta, José A1 - Villar, Rafael A1 - Pérez-Ramos, Ignacio Manuel A1 - Marañón, Teodoro A1 - Galán Díaz, Javier A1 - Tomás Marín, Sergio de A1 - Prieto, Iván T1 - The Economics Spectrum Drives Root Trait Strategies in Mediterranean Vegetation T2 - Frontiers in Plant Science N2 - Extensive research efforts are devoted to understand fine root trait variation and to confirm the existence of a belowground root economics spectrum (RES) from acquisitive to conservative root strategies that is analogous to the leaf economics spectrum (LES). The economics spectrum implies a trade-off between maximizing resource acquisition and productivity or maximizing resource conservation and longevity; however, this theoretical framework still remains controversial for roots. We compiled a database of 320 Mediterranean woody and herbaceous species to critically assess if the classic economics spectrum theory can be broadly extended to roots. Fine roots displayed a wide diversity of forms and properties in Mediterranean vegetation, resulting in a multidimensional trait space. The main trend of variation in this multidimensional root space is analogous to the main axis of LES, while the second trend of variation is partially determined by an anatomical trade-off between tissue density and diameter. Specific root area (SRA) is the main trait explaining species distribution along the RES, regardless of the selected traits. We advocate for the need to unify and standardize the criteria and approaches used within the economics framework between leaves and roots, for the sake of theoretical consistency. KW - ecophysiology KW - ine root strategies KW - non-mass normalized traits KW - root anatomy KW - root economic spectrum KW - specific root area KW - specific root length Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.773118 IS - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Arenas-Navarro, Maribel A1 - Oyama, Ken A1 - García-Oliva, Felipe A1 - Torres-Miranda, Andrés A1 - Garcia de la Riva, Enrique A1 - Terrazas, Teresa T1 - The role of wood anatomical traits in the coexistence of oak species along an environmental gradient T2 - AoB PLANTS N2 - Oaks (Quercus) are a dominant woody plant genus in the northern hemisphere, which occupy a wide range of habitats and are ecologically diverse. We analysed the wood anatomical traits, the variables derived and the relative hydraulic conductivity of 21 oak species to identify their performance according to abiotic factors, leaf phenological patterns and phylogenetic restrictions by analysing the interspecific variation along an environmental gradient. First, we determine the causes of anatomical trait variation in the oaks, analysing the functional trade-offs related to distribution along the environmental gradient. We measure the phenotypic plasticity of the anatomical traits to determine the role of environment and geographic distance in the range of phenotypic plasticity. Second, we examined if oaks co-occurred along the environmental gradient. Then we analysed if wood anatomical traits reflect differences among their phylogenetic section, leaf habit and a phylogenetic section/leaf habit category. Last, we tested the phylogenetic signal. Our results showed that vessel diameter, vessel frequency, wood density and relative hydraulic conductivity are the main axes of trait variation in the species analysed among leaf habit categories. The aridity index and seasonal precipitation drive the variation in the analysed traits. Higher environmental distance resulted in a higher relative distance plasticity index among traits. Co-occurrence of oak species with different leaf habits and phylogenetic trajectories may promote complementary resource acquisition. The phylogenetic signal in the oak species studied was low, which implies labile wood traits. KW - Aridity index KW - fibre traits KW - phenotypic plasticity KW - Quercus KW - relative hydraulic conductivity Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plab066 SN - 2041-2851 VL - 13 IS - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vinzelberg, Anja A1 - Auer, Benjamin R. T1 - Do crude oil futures still fuel portfolio performance? T2 - Review of Financial Economics Y1 - 2021 SN - 1873-5924 SN - 1058-3300 VL - 39 IS - 4 SP - 402 EP - 423 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Auer, Benjamin R. T1 - Have trend-following signals in commodity futures markets become less reliable in recent years? T2 - Financial Markets and Portfolio Management Y1 - 2021 SN - 2373-8529 SN - 1934-4554 VL - 35 IS - 4 SP - 533 EP - 553 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Auer, Benjamin R. T1 - Implementation and profitability of sustainable investment strategies: An errors-in-variables perspective T2 - Business ethics, the environment & responsibility Y1 - 2021 SN - 2694-6424 VL - 30 IS - 4 SP - 619 EP - 638 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Auer, Benjamin R. A1 - Schuhmacher, Frank T1 - Comparing the small-sample estimation error of conceptually different risk measures T2 - International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance Y1 - 2021 SN - 1793-6322 SN - 0219-0249 VL - 24 IS - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mehlitz, Julia S. A1 - Auer, Benjamin R. T1 - Time-varying dynamics of expected shortfall in commodity futures markets T2 - Journal of Futures Markets Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/fut.22196 SN - 1096-9934 SN - 0270-7314 VL - 41 IS - 6 SP - 895 EP - 925 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Auer, Benjamin R. A1 - Hiller, Tobias T1 - Cost gap, Shapley or nucleolus allocation: Which is the best game-theoretic remedy for the low-risk anomaly? T2 - Managerial and Decision Economics Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/mde.3279 SN - 1099-1468 VL - 42 IS - 4 SP - 876 EP - 884 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schuhmacher, Frank A1 - Kohrs, Hendrik A1 - Auer, Benjamin R. T1 - Justifying mean-variance portfolio selection when asset returns are skewed T2 - Management Science Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2020.3846 VL - 67 IS - 12 SP - 7824 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Brinks, Verena A1 - Ibert, Oliver T1 - From Omniscient Narrator to Involved Participants: Places and Spaces “Activated” in the EHEC O104:H4 Crisis 2011 T2 - Journal of contingencies and crisis management Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5973.12332 SN - 1468-5973 SN - 0966-0879 VL - 29 IS - 3 SP - 321 EP - 329 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ibert, Oliver A1 - Jackson, Gregory A1 - Theel, Tobias A1 - Vogelgsang, Lukas T1 - Organizing Uncertainty as an Asset in Creative Collaboration: A Comparison of the Musical and Pharmaceutical Industries T2 - Research in the Sociology of Organizations Y1 - 2021 SN - 0733-558X VL - 75 SP - 115 EP - 136 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ibert, Oliver T1 - Raum und Ort als Konzepte in der Wirtschaftsgeographie T2 - Berichte. Geographie und Landeskunde Y1 - 2020 SN - 2196-6184 SN - 2748-0240 VL - 93 IS - 4 SP - 281 EP - 286 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Brinks, Verena A1 - Ibert, Oliver T1 - From Corona Virus to Corona Crisis: The Value of an Analytical and Geographical Understanding of Crisis T2 - Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie = Journal of economic and social geography Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/tesg.12428 SN - 1467-9663 SN - 0040-747X VL - 111 IS - 3 SP - 275 EP - 287 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Füg, Franz A1 - Ibert, Oliver T1 - Assembling Social Innovations in Emergent Professional Communities: The Case of Learning Region Policies in Germany T2 - European Planning Studies Y1 - 2020 SN - 1469-5944 SN - 0965-4313 VL - 28 IS - 3 SP - 541 EP - 562 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Christmann, Gabriela A1 - Ibert, Oliver A1 - Jessen, Johann A1 - Walther, Uwe-Jens T1 - Innovations in Spatial Planning as a Social Process – Phases, Actors, Conflicts T2 - European Planning Studies Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.econbiz.de/Record/innovations-in-spatial-planning-as-a-social-process-phases-actors-conflicts-christmann-gabriela/10012164276 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2019.1639399 SN - 1469-5944 VL - 28 IS - 3 SP - 496 EP - 520 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gnegel, Fabian A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin A1 - Hagel, Michael A1 - Leyffer, Sven A1 - Stiemer, Marcus T1 - A Solution Framework for Linear PDE-Constrained Mixed-Integer Problems T2 - Mathematical Programming Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10107-021-01626-1 SN - 0025-5610 SN - 1436-4646 VL - 188 IS - 2 SP - 695 EP - 728 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krüger, Timmo T1 - The German energy transition and the eroding consensus on ecological modernization: A radical democratic perspective on conflicts over competing justice claims and energy visions T2 - Futures Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2021.102899 SN - 0016-3287 VL - 136 SP - 1 EP - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ijioma, Uche Dickson T1 - Delineating the impact of urbanization on the hydrochemistry and quality of groundwater wells in Aba, Nigeria T2 - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology N2 - Groundwater samples from 61 randomly selected tube-wells in densely residential (DR) and sparse residential (SR) parts of Aba, Nigeria were analysed to elucidate the influence of urban land-use on the quality and characterize the hydrochemistry of the groundwater. Twelve water quality indicators: temperature, pH, EC, and TDS (physicochemical), as well as HCO3, Cl, SO4, NO3, Na, K, Ca, and Mg (major ions) were analysed for each well. The results of the analyses were grouped based on the influence of land-use on the wells. The descriptive statistics, Piper, Chadha's, and bivariate scattered plots, as well as index of base ion-exchange, and Friedman nonparametric statistical test were used to delineate and ascertain the significance of the urban impact on the quality of the groundwater wells. The results showed that the groundwater pH is acidic (3.7–5.6), and the mineralization low, with TDS ranging between 6.5 mg/l – 365 mg/l. The statistical mean and standard deviation (±S.D) of the remaining quality indicators were found within the limits set by WHO in all the wells. The Piper and Chadha's plots revealed four dominant water-types with spatial differentiation in the area. Though there are several mixed water-types in the SR area, the Na-HCO3 water-type is dominant and represents the background hydrochemistry of the groundwater in the area. Whereas, Mg, Ca-Cl, water-types predominates in the DR wells. Other dominant water-types found between the SR and DR areas are Na-Cl and Ca-HCO3 types. The rapid compositional change and local alteration in the hydrochemistry of the groundwater were impacted by some identified urban land-use practices, which introduce additional major ions in the groundwater solution. The mixed water-types found in the SR wells were influenced by factors such as the direction of flow and mixing of the groundwater reservoirs impacted by the hydrochemistry of the DR groundwater, which were upstream to the SR wells. The results of indicators such as EC, TDS, Cl, and NO3, when compared showed observable local deterioration moving from wells in the SR to wells in the DR area. This was supported by the Friedman statistical test which revealed statistical significance of some urban practices on the quality of the groundwater. These results highlight the current quality status and harmonize the reports of previous studies which have characterized the hydrochemistry of the groundwater in the study area. KW - Hydrochemistry KW - Groundwater KW - Nonparametric statistics KW - Urban hydrology KW - Nigeria Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169772221000310 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2021.103792 SN - 0169-7722 VL - Vol. 240 SP - 1 EP - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ijioma, Uche Dickson A1 - Wendland, Frank A1 - Herd, Rainer T1 - Characterizing groundwater vulnerability in developing urban settings using DRASTIC-LuPa approach: A case study of Aba City, Nigeria T2 - Academic Journals, African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology N2 - The impact of certain unregulated land-use activities harms the quality of water resources and reduces the sufficiency of drinking water in many developing countries. This study aimed to capture the impact of such activities and evaluate the specific groundwater vulnerability using a modified DRASTIC approach. The DRASTIC-LuPa was proposed and implemented for Aba City, Nigeria by incorporating land-use and the impact of pumping layers to the “intrinsic” DRASTIC parameters. The results of the analysis revealed that the area classified as “low” was 15 and 79.1% as “medium” and 5.9% as “high” vulnerability classes for the DRASTIC. Whereas for the DRASTIC-LuPa model 3.2% for “low”, 54.3% for “medium”, 41.8% for “high” and 0.7% for “very high” were found. The transitions in the vulnerability classes of areas displaying “high” and “very high” found in the DRASTIC-LuPa model represent the impact of urban hotspots observed in the area. This result implies that groundwater protection measures should be implemented in the area designated with “low” and “medium” vulnerability classes and used for abstracting clean water for drinking purposes. The proposed model enhances the predictability and guarantees better transferability of the approach in urban settings with similar urban trends. KW - Drinking water KW - DRASTIC KW - groundwater KW - groundwater vulnerability assessment KW - Nigeria Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5897/AJEST2021.3068 SN - 1996-0786 VL - Vol. 15 IS - 12 SP - 540 EP - 559 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin A1 - Müllenstedt, Daniel A1 - Schmdit, Johannes T1 - Flight Planning for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles T2 - Military Operations Research Y1 - 2021 SN - 1082-5983 SN - 2163-2758 VL - 26 IS - 3 SP - 49 EP - 71 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Johannsmann, Leonie M. A1 - Craparo, Emily M. A1 - Dieken, Thor L. A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin A1 - Seitner, Björn O. T1 - Stochastic mixed-integer programming for a spare parts inventory management problem T2 - Computers & Operations Research Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cor.2021.105568 SN - 1873-765X SN - 0305-0548 VL - 138 SP - 1 EP - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herzberg, Heidrun T1 - Pflegefachassistenzausbildung – ein empirisch fundiertes Kompetenzprofil T2 - Public Health Forum KW - Pflegefachassistentenausbildung Y1 - 2021 SN - 1876-4851 SN - 0944-5587 VL - 29 IS - 3 SP - 233 EP - 235 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Starick, Tommy A1 - Lignell, David O. A1 - Schmidt, Heiko T1 - Stochastic Modeling of a Lifted Methane/Air Jet Flame with Detailed Chemistry T2 - Proceedings in Applied Mathematics & Mechanics N2 - This preliminary numerical study investigates a lifted methane/air jet flame in a vitiated coflow by means of the One-Dimensional Turbulence (ODT) model. In the considered Cabra Burner configuration [Combust. Flame 143 491-506 (2005)], a jet flame issues from a central nozzle into a vitiated coflow of hot combustion products from lean premixed hydrogen/air flames. ODT is a map-based model for turbulent flow simulations which uses a stochastic formulation for the turbulent advection. The diffusion and reaction effects along the one-dimensional domain are considered by temporally advancing deterministic evolution equations. ODT simulations are performed with a representation of the methane/air chemistry by a detailed 53-species mechanism with 325 reactions. In this work, we present centerline profile of temperature and species concentrations obtained from ODT simulations using a cylindrical ODT-formulation. Additionally, a two-dimensional rendering of the temperature distribution is shown. Although the simulation of reactive jet configurations by means of ODT is not novel, the complex stabilization region depending on the flow conditions represents a challenge for the model. Considering the reduced order of the model, ODT is able to predict the flow characteristics and reasonably matches the existing experimental data. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/pamm.202000316 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.202000316 SN - 1617-7061 VL - 20 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Funk, Hannes S. A1 - Kern, Michael A1 - Weißhaupt, David A1 - Sürgers, Christoph A1 - Fischer, Inga Anita A1 - Oehme, Michael A1 - Slageren, Joris van A1 - Schulze, Jörg T1 - Composition and magnetic properties of thin films grown by interdiffusion of Mn and Sn-Rich, Ge lattice matched SixGe1-x-ySny layers T2 - Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmmm.2021.168731. SN - 0304-8853 VL - 546 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sut-Lohmann, Magdalena A1 - Ramezany, Shaghayegh A1 - Kästner, Friederike A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Feasibility of pXRF to evaluate chosen heavy metals in soil highly influenced by municipal waste disposal - a Former Sewage Farm Monitoring Study T2 - Land Degradation & Development Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.4147 SN - 1099-145X VL - 33 IS - 3 SP - 439 EP - 451 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sut-Lohmann, Magdalena A1 - Ramezany, Shaghayegh A1 - Kästner, Friederike A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Heinrich, Martina A1 - Grimm, Mark T1 - Using modified Tessier sequential extraction to specify potentially toxic metals at a former sewage farm T2 - Journal of Environmental Management Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114229 SN - 1095-8630 SN - 0301-4797 VL - 304 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kästner, Friederike A1 - Sut-Lohmann, Magdalena A1 - Ramezany, Shaghayegh A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Feilhauer, Hannes A1 - Chabrillat, Sabine T1 - Estimating heavy metal concentrations in Technosols with reflectance spectroscopy T2 - Geoderma Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2021.115512 SN - 0016-7061 VL - 406 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Caprara, Sergio A1 - Di Castro, Carlo A1 - Mirarchi, Giovanni A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Grilli, Marco T1 - Dissipation-driven strange metal behavior T2 - Communications Physics N2 - Anomalous metallic properties are often observed in the proximity of quantum critical points, with violation of the Fermi Liquid paradigm. We propose a scenario where, near the quantum critical point, dynamical fluctuations of the order parameter with finite correlation length mediate a nearly isotropic scattering among the quasiparticles over the entire Fermi surface. This scattering produces a strange metallic behavior, which is extended to the lowest temperatures by an increase of the damping of the fluctuations. We phenomenologically identify one single parameter ruling this increasing damping when the temperature decreases, accounting for both the linear-in-temperature resistivity and the seemingly divergent specific heat observed, e.g., in high-temperature superconducting cuprates and some heavy-fermion metals. KW - Electronic properties and materials KW - Superconducting properties and materials Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.nature.com/articles/s42005-021-00786-y U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s42005-021-00786-y SN - 2399-3650 IS - 5 SP - 1 EP - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kamleithner, Christa T1 - Dangerous Congestions: Cholera, Mapping and the Beginnings of Modern Urbanism T2 - gta papers Y1 - 2021 UR - https://architekturwissenschaft.net/aktuelles SN - 978-3-85676-415-9 VL - 5 SP - 38 EP - 49 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kamleithner, Christa T1 - Aneignung versus Planung. ‚Strategien für Kreuzberg‘ und der Streit um die Neuausrichtung der ARCH+, 1975–77 T2 - Dokumente der Architektur Y1 - 2021 UR - https://dokumentederarchitektur.de/essay/Aneignung-versus-Planung-Strategien-fr-Kreuzberg-und-der-Streit-um-die-Ausrichtung-der-ARCH-197577 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Petrik, Jan A1 - Sydow, Benjamin A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Beyond parabolic weld bead models: AI-based 3D reconstruction of weld beads under transient conditions in wire-arc additive manufacturing T2 - Journal of Materials Processing Technology Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2021.117457 VL - 302 (2022) ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maqbool, Fawad A1 - Maaß, Fabian A1 - Buhl, Johannes A1 - Hahn, Marlon A1 - Hajavifard, Ramin A1 - Walther, Frank A1 - Tekkaya, A. Erman A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Targeted residual stress generation in single and two point incremental sheet forming (ISF) T2 - Archive of Applied Mechanics Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00419-021-01935-z SN - 1432-0681 SN - 0939-1533 VL - 91 IS - 8 SP - 3465 EP - 3487 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Giersch, Oliver A1 - Nolte, Jörg T1 - Fast and Portable Concurrent FIFO Queues with Deterministic Memory Reclamation T2 - IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems (TPDS) KW - memory management KW - instruction sets KW - hazards KW - indexes KW - runtime KW - arrays KW - synchronization Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TPDS.2021.3097901 SN - 1045-9219 SN - 1558-2183 VL - 33 IS - 3 SP - 604 EP - 616 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Afzal, Muhammad Junaid A1 - Hajavifard, Ramin A1 - Buhl, Johannes A1 - Walther, Frank A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Influence of process parameters on the residual stress state and properties in disc springs made by incremental sheet forming (ISF) T2 - Forschung im Ingenieurwesen Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10010-021-00491-w SN - 1434-0860 SN - 0015-7899 VL - 85 IS - 3 SP - 783 EP - 793 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Herty, Michael A1 - Imran, Muhammad T1 - Feedback stabilization of forming processes T2 - arXiv Y1 - 2021 UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2104.04985 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Römer, Ronald A1 - beim Graben, Peter A1 - Huber-Liebl, Markus A1 - Wolff, Matthias T1 - Unifying Physical Interaction, Linguistic Communication, and Language Acquisition of Cognitive Agents by Minimalist Grammars T2 - Frontiers in Computer Science N2 - Cognitive agents that act independently and solve problems in their environment on behalf of a user are referred to as autonomous. In order to increase the degree of autonomy, advanced cognitive architectures also contain higher-level psychological modules with which needs and motives of the agent are also taken into account and with which the behavior of the agent can be controlled. Regardless of the level of autonomy, successful behavior is based on interacting with the environment and being able to communicate with other agents or users. The agent can use these skills to learn a truthful knowledge model of the environment and thus predict the consequences of its own actions. For this purpose, the symbolic information received during the interaction and communication must be converted into representational data structures so that they can be stored in the knowledge model, processed logically and retrieved from there. Here, we firstly outline a grammar-based transformation mechanism that unifies the description of physical interaction and linguistic communication and on which the language acquisition is based. Specifically, we use minimalist grammar (MG) for this aim, which is a recent computational implementation of generative linguistics. In order to develop proper cognitive information and communication technologies, we are using utterance meaning transducers (UMT) that are based on semantic parsers and a mental lexicon, comprising syntactic and semantic features of the language under consideration. This lexicon must be acquired by a cognitive agent during interaction with its users. To this aim we outline a reinforcement learning algorithm for the acquisition of syntax and semantics of English utterances. English declarative sentences are presented to the agent by a teacher in form of utterance meaning pairs (UMP) where the meanings are encoded as formulas of predicate logic. Since MG codifies universal linguistic competence through inference rules, thereby separating innate linguistic knowledge from the contingently acquired lexicon, our approach unifies generative grammar and reinforcement learning, hence potentially resolving the still pending Chomsky-Skinner controversy. btuktuminglear, btuktsptech, btuktcogsys Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fcomp.2022.733596 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomp.2022.733596 SN - 2624-9898 IS - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wachs, Sebastian A1 - Wettstein, Alexander A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Gámez-Guadix, Manuel T1 - Adolescents’ motivations to perpetrate hate speech and links with social norms T2 - Comunicar - Media Education Research Journal N2 - Hate speech has become a widespread phenomenon, however, it remains largely unclear why adolescents engage in it and which factors are associated with their motivations for perpetrating hate speech. To this end, we developed the multidimensional “Motivations for Hate Speech Perpetration Scale” (MHATE) and evaluated the psychometric properties. We also explored the associations between social norms and adolescents’ motivations for hate speech perpetration. The sample consisted of 346 adolescents from Switzerland (54.6% boys; Mage=14; SD=0.96) who reported engagement in hate speech as perpetrators. The analyses revealed good psychometric properties for the MHATE, including good internal consistency. The most frequently endorsed subscale was revenge, followed by ideology, group conformity, status enhancement, exhilaration, and power. The results also showed that descriptive norms and peer pressure were related to a wide range of different motivations for perpetrating hate speech. Injunctive norms, however, were only associated with power. In conclusion, findings indicate that hate speech fulfills various functions. We argue that knowing the specific motivations that underlie hate speech could help us derive individually tailored prevention strategies (e.g., anger management, promoting an inclusive classroom climate). Furthermore, we suggest that practitioners working in the field of hate speech prevention give special attention to social norms surrounding adolescents. KW - hate speech KW - cyberhate KW - motives KW - social norms KW - injunctive norms KW - peer pressure Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3916/C71-2022-01 SN - 1134-3478 SN - 1988-3293 VL - 71 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stavrakidis-Zachou, Orestis A1 - Sturm, Astrid A1 - Lika, Konstadia A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Papandroulakis, Nikos T1 - ClimeGreAq: A software-based DSS for the climate change adaptation of Greek aquaculture T2 - Environmental Modelling & Software Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2021.105121 SN - 1364-8152 VL - 143 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gerling, Charlotte A1 - Drechsler, Martin A1 - Keuler, Klaus A1 - Leins, Johannes A. A1 - Radtke, Kai A1 - Schulz, Björn A1 - Sturm, Astrid A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - Cost-effective conservation in the face of climate change: combining ecological-economic modelling and climate science for the cost-effective spatio-temporal allocation of conservation measures in agricultural landscapes T2 - MPRA paper Y1 - 2021 UR - https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/105608/ ER - TY - GEN A1 - Behrensen, Birgit T1 - Schulsozialarbeit zum Abbau von Bildungsbenachteiligungen? Einblicke in Spannungsfelder sozialer Präventions-, Bildungs- und Unterstützungsarbeit an Grundschulen T2 - Soziale Arbeit : Zeitschrift für soziale und sozialverwandte Gebiete Y1 - 2015 SN - 0490-1606 VL - 64 IS - 7 SP - 249 EP - 254 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoppe, Annette A1 - Ganßauge, Rico A1 - Geißler, Uwe A1 - Henke, Anna-Sophia A1 - Reßut, Norman T1 - Untersuchung von Aufmerksamkeitseffekten für die gezielte Gestaltung von Visualisierungsoberflächen für zeitgemäße Mensch-Maschine-Interaktion T2 - Zeitschrift für Arbeitswissenschaft N2 - In der modernen Arbeitswelt besteht eine wachsende Bedeutung von Steuer- und Überwachungstätigkeiten, die heute in Leitwarten und in Zukunft möglicherweise mittels neuer Interaktionsformen ausgeführt werden. Bei diesen Tätigkeiten ist verantwortungsvolles Handeln gefordert, da eine Verpflichtung für die Aufrechterhaltung der Prozesse besteht. Die Mensch-Maschine-Interaktion findet häufig mittels einer komplexen Visualisierung sowie einer Vielzahl an Bildschirmen statt. Dies kann bedeuten, dass sich relevante Information außerhalb der direkten visuellen Wahrnehmung eines Bedieners befinden. Es besteht die Herausforderung, die Aufmerksamkeit durch Signale gezielt zu lenken, damit handlungsleitende Informationen wahrnehmbar werden. Ziel der durchgeführten Untersuchung war es deshalb, Mindestanforderungen für die Erkennung von Signalen im peripheren Blickfeld zu untersuchen. Ausgehend von Vorerkenntnissen wurden in einem Laborexperiment Signale in verschiedenen Leuchtdichtekontrasten und Frequenzen in festgelegten Winkeln des peripheren Blickfeldes untersucht. Diese zeigen die Überlegenheit hoher Leuchtdichtekontraste und Frequenzen für die Erkennung, steigende Winkel verringerten diese. Die aus den Daten abgeleiteten Regressionen gestatten die Abschätzung von Erkennungswahrscheinlichkeit und Reaktionszeiten. Praktische Relevanz: Die erreichten Ergebnisse geben Entwickler*innen und Anwender*innen von Technik ein Werkzeug für die gezielte Gestaltung von Signalen in der Mensch-Maschine-Interaktion bei komplexen Visualisierungshintergründen an die Hand. Aus den Erkenntnissen können konkrete Maßnahmen abgeleitet werden, die helfen, Sicherheit und Zuverlässigkeit durch eine verbesserte Gestaltung der Mensch-Maschine-Interaktion zu unterstützen. KW - Wahrnehmung KW - Aufmerksamkeit KW - Signale KW - Peripheres Blickfeld KW - Leitwarte Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s41449-021-00291-6 SN - 2366-4681 SN - 0340-2444 VL - 76 IS - 1 SP - 65 EP - 82 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Thummar, Krunalkumar A1 - Abang, Roger Atini A1 - Menzel, Katharina A1 - Groot, Matheus Theodorus de T1 - Coupling a Chlor-Alkali Membrane Electrolyzer Cell to a Wind Energy Source: Dynamic Modeling and Simulations T2 - Energies N2 - Renewable energy sources are becoming a greater component of the electrical mix, while being significantly more volatile than conventional energy sources. As a result, net stability and availability pose significant challenges. Energy-intensive processes, such as chlor-alkali electrolysis, can potentially adjust their consumption to the available power, which is known as demand side management or demand response. In this study, a dynamic model of a chlor-alkali membrane cell is developed to assess the flexible potential of the membrane cell. Several improvements to previously published models were made, making the model more representative of state-of-the-art CA plants. By coupling the model with a wind power profile, the current and potential level over the course of a day was simulated. The simulation results show that the required ramp rates are within the regular operating possibilities of the plant for most of the time and that the electrolyte concentrations in the cell can be kept at the right level by varying inlet flows and concentrations. This means that a CA plant can indeed be flexibly operated in the future energy system. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/en15020606 SN - 1996-1073 VL - 15 IS - 2 SP - 1 EP - 26 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoffmann, Jan T1 - „Mehr Fortschritt wagen“ – Ein Bündnis für Europa? T2 - Zeitschrift für Rechtspolitik (ZRP) N2 - Der Koalitionsvertrag 2021 – 2025 zwischen SPD, BÜNDNIS 90/DIE GRÜNEN und FDP ist signiert. Er trägt den Titel: „Mehr Fortschritt wagen“. Betrifft dies auch die Ausrichtung der neuen Bundesregierung mit Blick auf die Europäische Union (EU)? KW - EU KW - Koalitionsvertrag 2021-2025 KW - Konferenz zur Zukunft Europas KW - Integration Y1 - 2022 SN - 0514-6496 VL - 55 IS - 1 SP - S. 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Beim Graben, Peter A1 - Huber, Markus A1 - Meyer, Werner A1 - Römer, Ronald A1 - Wolff, Matthias T1 - Vector Symbolic Architectures for Context-Free Grammars T2 - Cognitive Computation N2 - Vector symbolic architectures (VSA) are a viable approach for the hyperdimensional representation of symbolic data, such as documents, syntactic structures, or semantic frames. We present a rigorous mathematical framework for the representation of phrase structure trees and parse trees of context-free grammars (CFG) in Fock space, i.e. infinite-dimensional Hilbert space as being used in quantum field theory. We define a novel normal form for CFG by means of term algebras. Using a recently developed software toolbox, called FockBox, we construct Fock space representations for the trees built up by a CFG left-corner (LC) parser. We prove a universal representation theorem for CFG term algebras in Fock space and illustrate our findings through a low-dimensional principal component projection of the LC parser state. Our approach could leverage the development of VSA for explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) by means of hyperdimensional deep neural computation. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12559-021-09974-y SN - 1866-9964 VL - 14 IS - 2 SP - 733 EP - 748 ER - TY - GEN A1 - González-Arias, Judith A1 - Baena-Moreno, Francisco Manuel A1 - González-Castaño, Miriam A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Economic approach for CO2 valorization from hydrothermal carbonization gaseous streams via reverse water-gas shift reaction T2 - Fuel N2 - In this work the economic performance of valorizing the gaseous stream coming from hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of olive tree pruning is presented as a novel strategy to improve the competitiveness of HTC. The valorization of the commonly disregarded gaseous stream produced in this thermochemical treatment was proposed via the Reverse Water–Gas Shift reaction. This allows to obtain syngas for selling and therefore improving the overall economic performance of the process. To this end, three plant sizes were selected (312.5, 625 and 1250 kg/h of biomass processing). The parameters with a higher share in the total cost distribution along with the revenues from the hydrochar and the syngas selling were further evaluated. The results evidenced that with the assumptions taken, the overall process is still not profitable. To reach profitability, syngas selling prices between 2.2 and 3.4 €/m3 are needed, revealing that this proposal is not economically attractive. Alternatively, a lack of competitiveness in the current market is revealed with hydrochar selling prices between 0.41 and 0.64 €/kg to make the project profitable. The catalyst cost, sharing approximately 20% of the total cost, is the parameter with the highest impact in the total economics of the process. The second one is the hydrogen price production, representing almost 16% of the total. Investment subsidies are also examined as a potential tool to cover part of the initial investment. These results evidenced that further efforts and measures are needed to push forward in the path towards circular economy societies. KW - Hydrothermal carbonization KW - CO2 waste valorization KW - Reverse water gas shift KW - Profitability analysis Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2021.123055 SN - 0016-2361 VL - 313 SP - 1 EP - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoppe, Annette A1 - Henke, Anna-Sophia A1 - Reßut, Norman T1 - Zukunftskonzepte durch Arbeitsforschung T2 - Arbeitsmedizin, Sozialmedizin, Umweltmedizin : ASU ; Zeitschrift für medizinische Prävention N2 - Die Arbeitswelt der Zukunft fordert schon heute wissenschaftliche Konzepte, tragfähige Modelle und optimierte Systeme. Dabei müssen, neben technischen Entwicklungen, die physischen und psychischen Belastungen des Menschen im Fokus der Arbeitsgestaltung liegen. Dazu werden neue Erkenntnisse durch die Arbeitsforschung in Zusammenarbeit mit Unternehmen benötigt. Hierbei sollten gesicherte Messverfahren mit neuen Untersuchungsmethoden im systemischen Ansatz verbunden werden, um Grundlage für Analysen, Bewertungen und Empfehlungen zukünftiger Arbeitsgestaltung zu sein. Darüber finden neue Phänomene, wie zum Beispiel Technikstress Beachtung, die einen Beitrag zur Verhinderung einer Resilienzabnahme leisten können. KW - Technikstress KW - Arbeitssystemgestaltung KW - Resilenz KW - physische und psychische Beanspruchung Y1 - 2022 SN - 0944-6052 VL - 57 IS - 1 SP - 6 EP - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kovanen, Sunna T1 - Livelihood practises and the possibility of just transition in a shrinking rural region in Portugal T1 - Elinkeinotoiminnan käytännöt ja reilun siirtymän mahdollisuudet Portugalin supistuvalla maaseudulla T2 - Alue ja Ympäristö N2 - This study explores the possibilities of just transition in the context of a shrinking rural region, where the experiences of shrinkage and their capitalocentric interpretations are identified as a challenge to transition policy. The possibilities of transition are explored firstly from the perspective of livelihood practises that aim at ensuring ecological and social justie and secondly from the perspective of established institutions of regional development. The research asks, how eco-social livelihoods can contribute to a just transition in a shrinking rural context and what kind of tensions between eco-social livelihoods and regional development institutions emerge, as political practices spread and challenge capitalocentrist development conceptions. Empirically, the study focuses on the work of three livelihood providers in the Alentejo region of Portugal. The research data was collected through qualitative thematic interviews, focused ethnography and documentary analysis during 2019. Eco-social livelihoods can contribute to a just transition by engaging young, educated activists and global citizen networks in rural economies. At the same time, it is a challenge to address the lack of basic services and employment. In doing so, they can provide spaces of long-term, situational learning on practicing economic responsibility and sustainable well-being in everyday rural life. This opportunity is so far overlooked in the framework of institutionalised capitalocentric regional development, where the problem of development is defined in terms of relative decline. Shrinking through an economic crisis may facilitate institutional support for a rapid upscaling of eco-social livelihoods, but it may risk undermining their stability. N2 - Tämä tutkimus tarkastelee reilun siirtymän mahdollisuuksia supistuvan maaseudun kontekstissa, jossa siirtymäpolitiikan haasteiksi tunnistetaan supistumisen kokemukset ja niiden kapitalosentriset tulkinnat. Siirtymän mahdollisuuksia tutkitaan ekologiseen ja sosiaaliseen kestävyyteen pyrkivän elinkeinotoiminnan käytäntöjen sekä aluekehityksen vakiintuneiden instituutioiden näkökulmasta. Tutkimus kysyy, miten ekososiaalinen elinkeinotoiminta voi edistää reilua siirtymää supistuvan maaseudun oloissa ja millaisia jännitteitä ekososiaalisen elinkeinotoiminnan ja aluekehityksen instituutioiden välillä ilmenee, kun kapitalosentrismiä haastavat poliittiset käytännöt valtavirtaistuvat. Empiirisesti tutkimus koskee kolmen elinkeinotoimijan työtä Alentejon alueella Portugalissa. Tutkimusaineisto on kerätty laadullisten teemahaastattelujen, fokusoidun etnografian ja dokumenttianalyysin avulla vuoden 2019 aikana. Ekososiaalinen elinkeinotoiminta voi edistää reilua siirtymää kiinnittämällä nuoria, koulutettuja aktiiveja sekä globaalin kansalaistoiminnan verkostoja maaseudun paikallistalouteen ja -yhteisöihin. Samanaikaisesti elinkeinotoimijoiden haasteena on vastata puuttuvien peruspalveluiden ja toimeentulon tarpeeseen. Siinä onnistuessaan ne voivat tarjota pitkäjänteisen, tilanteisen oppimisen paikkoja taloudellisen vastuun ja kestävän hyvinvoinnin toteuttamisesta maaseudun arjessa. Tämä mahdollisuus jää toistaiseksi institutionalisoituneen kapitalosentrisen aluekehityksen kehyksessä huomaamatta, missä koska kehityksen ongelma määrittyy ensisijaisesti suhteellisena taantumisen kautta. Talouden supistuminen kriisin vuoksjohdosta voi edesauttaa ekososiaalisten elinkeinojen skaalautumista, mutta nopea kasvu voi riskeerata niiden vakauden ja kestävyyden. KW - regional development KW - degrowth KW - shrinking KW - livelihoods KW - practice theory Y1 - 2021 UR - https://aluejaymparisto.journal.fi/article/view/109125 U6 - https://doi.org/10.30663/ay.109125 SN - 2242-345 SN - 1235-4554 VL - 50 IS - 2 SP - 66 EP - 85 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gerling, Charlotte A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - An economic evaluation framework for land-use-based conservation policy instruments in a changing climate T2 - Conservation Biology Y1 - 2021 SN - 1523-1739 SN - 0888-8892 VL - 35 IS - 3 SP - 824 EP - 833 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Drechsler, Martin A1 - Gerling, Charlotte A1 - Keuler, Klaus A1 - Leins, Johannes A. A1 - Sturm, Astrid A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - A quantitative approach for the design of robust and cost-effective conservation policies under uncertain climate change: The case of grasshopper conservation in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany T2 - Journal of Environmental Management Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113201 SN - 1095-8630 SN - 0301-4797 VL - 296 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Drechsler, Martin A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Grimm, Volker T1 - The hitchhiker's guide to generic ecological-economic modelling of land-use-based biodiversity conservation policies T2 - Ecological Modelling Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2021.109861 SN - 0304-3800 VL - 465 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vagiannis, Dimitrios A1 - Zhang, Yu A1 - Budagaga, Youssif A1 - Novotna, Eva A1 - Skarka, Adam A1 - Kammerer, Sarah A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner A1 - Hofman, Jakub T1 - Alisertib shows negligible potential for perpetrating pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions on ABCB1, ABCG2 and cytochromes P450, but acts as dual-activity resistance modulator through the inhibition of ABCC1 transporter T2 - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2021.115823 SN - 0041-008X VL - Vol. 434 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Alheit, Peter A1 - Herzberg, Heidrun A1 - Walter, Anja T1 - „Generalistikdiskurs“ reloaded. Eine qualitative Studie zur Pflegeausbildungsreform im Land Brandenburg T2 - Pädagogik der Gesundheitsberufe KW - Pflegeberuf KW - Berufsausbildung KW - Pflegeberufegesetz Y1 - 2019 IS - 4 SP - 233 EP - 243 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sakkas, Nikolaos Panagiotis A1 - Abang, Roger Atini T1 - Thermal load prediction of communal district heating systems by applying data-driven machine learning methods T2 - Energy Reports N2 - Load forecasting is an essential part of the operational management of combined heat and electrical power units, since a reliable hour- and day-ahead estimation of their thermal and electrical load can significantly improve their technical and economic performance, as well as their reliability. Among different types of prediction techniques, data-driven machine learning methods appear to be more suitable for load estimation in operational systems, compared to the classical forward approach. Research so far has been concentrated mainly on the magnitude of buildings with single load types. It has only been extended to a limited degree on the level of a district heating network where several end users with different characteristics merge into one bigger scale heat consumer (city or group of communities). In this study, artificial neural networks are utilized, to develop a load prediction model for district heating networks. A segmented analytical multi-phase approach is employed, to gradually optimize the predictor by varying the characteristics of the input variables and the structure of the neural network. The comparison against the load prediction time series generated by a local communal energy supplier using a commercial software reveals that, although the latter is enhanced by manual human corrections, the optimized fully automatic predictors developed in the present study generate a more reliable load forecast. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352484721015213 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2021.12.082 SN - 2352-4847 VL - 8 SP - 1883 EP - 1895 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vagiannis, Dimitrios A1 - Budagaga, Youssif A1 - Morell, Anselm A1 - Zhang, Yu A1 - Novotna, Eva A1 - Skarka, Adam A1 - Kammerer, Sarah A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner A1 - Hanke, Ivo A1 - Rozkoš, Tomáš A1 - Hofman, Jakub T1 - Tepotinib Inhibits Several Drug Efflux Transporters and Biotransformation Enzymes: The Role in Drug-Drug Interactions and Targeting Cytostatic Resistance In Vitro and Ex Vivo T2 - International Journal of Molecular Sciences Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222111936 SN - 1422-0067 SN - 1661-6596 VL - 22 IS - 21 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nakos, Alex A1 - Beirow, Bernd A1 - Zobel, Arthur T1 - Mistuning and Damping of a Radial Turbine Wheel. Part 1: Fundamental Analyses and Design of Intentional Mistuning Pattern T2 - Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power N2 - The radial turbine impeller of an exhaust turbocharger is analyzed in view of both free vibration and forced response. Due to random blade mistuning resulting from unavoidable inaccuracies in manufacture or material inhomogeneities, localized modes of vibration may arise, which involve the risk of severely magnified blade displacements and inadmissibly high-stress levels compared to the tuned counterpart. Contrary, the use of intentional mistuning (IM) has proved to be an efficient measure to mitigate the forced response. Independently, the presence of aerodynamic damping is significant with respect to limit the forced response since structural damping ratios of integrally bladed rotors typically take extremely low values. Hence, detailed knowledge of respective damping ratios would be desirable while developing a robust rotor design. For this, far-reaching experimental investigations are carried out to determine the damping of a comparative wheel within a wide pressure range by simulating operation conditions in a pressure tank. Reduced-order models are built up for designing suitable intentional mistuning patterns by using the subset of nominal system modes approach introduced by Yang and Griffin (2001, “A Reduced-Order Model of Mistuning Using a Subset of Nominal System Modes,” J. Eng. Gas Turbines Power, 123(4), pp. 893–900), which conveniently allows for accounting both differing mistuning patterns and the impact of aeroelastic interaction by means of aerodynamic influence coefficients. Further, finite element analyses are carried out in order to identify appropriate measures of how to implement intentional mistuning patterns, which are featuring only two different blade designs. In detail, the impact of specific geometric modifications on blade natural frequencies is investigated. The first part of this three-part paper is focused on designing the IM pattern. The second and third part following, later on, will address the topics (i) experimental validation after implementation of the IM pattern at rest and under rotation, and (ii) the development of an approach for fast estimating damping ratios in the design phase. KW - mistuning KW - blade vibration KW - damping Y1 - 2022 SN - 1528-8919 VL - 144 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hecker, Lutz Philip A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Yang, Xueyan A1 - Querhammer, Lisa A1 - Stöckmann, Ina A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - Insektenverluste durch den Einsatz von Konditionierern bei der Behandlung von Mähgut - ökologische und ökonomische Aspekte T2 - Natur und Landschaft. Zeitschrift für Naturschutz und Landschaftspflege Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.19217/NuL2022-02-03 SN - 0028-0615 VL - 97 IS - 2 SP - 78 EP - 84 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herke, Max A1 - Moor, Irene A1 - Winter, Kristina A1 - Hack, Miriam A1 - Hoffmann, Stephanie A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Hilger-Kolb, Jennifer A1 - Herr, Raphael A1 - Pischke, Claudia R. A1 - Dragano, Nico A1 - Novelli, Anna A1 - Richter, Matthias T1 - Role of contextual and compositional characteristics of schools for health inequalities in childhood and adolescence: a scoping review T2 - BMJ Open N2 - Objectives: To synthesise the evidence on the role of compositional or contextual characteristics of schools in the association between students' socioeconomic position and their health in primary and secondary education in developed economies. Design: Scoping review. We included studies examining the role of at least one school or class characteristic on students' health inequalities and was published since 1 January 2000, in English or German. We searched PubMed/Medline, Web of Science and Education Resources Information Center. We provided a narrative synthesis and an overview of findings. School characteristics were grouped into five broad categories: school composition, school climate, school policies and organisation, food environment and facilities. Results: Of 8520 records identified, 26 studies were included. Twelve studies found a moderating and 3 a mediating effect. The strongest evidence came from studies examining the moderating effect of school composition, that is, the negative impact of a low individual socioeconomic position on mental health and well-being was aggravated by a low average socioeconomic position of schools. Evidence concerning the role of school climate, school stratification (eg, performance base tracking) and sponsorship, food environment and sport facilities and equipment was generally weak or very weak and mostly based on singular findings. Overall, favourable meso-level characteristics mitigated the negative impact of low individual socioeconomic position on health outcomes. Conclusions: School characteristics affect health inequalities in children and adolescents to some degree, but future research is necessary to strengthen the existing evidence and address under-represented aspects in school characteristics and health outcomes. KW - community child health KW - health policy KW - public health Y1 - 2022 UR - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35105578/ U6 - https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-052925 SN - 2044-6055 VL - 12 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gambitta, Marco A1 - Kühhorn, Arnold A1 - Beirow, Bernd A1 - Schrape, Sven T1 - Stator Blades Manufacturing Geometrical Variability in Axial Compressors and Impact on the Aeroelastic Excitation Forces T2 - Journal of Turbomachinery N2 - The manufacturing geometrical variability is a source of uncertainty, which cannot be avoided in the realization of machinery components. Deviations of a part geometry from its nominal design are inevitably present due to the manufacturing process. In the case of the aeroelastic forced response problem within axial compressors, these uncertainties may affect the vibration characteristics. For this reason, the impact of geometrical uncertainties due to the manufacturing process onto the modal forcing of axial compressor blades is investigated in this study. The research focuses on the vibrational behavior of an axial compressor rotor blisk. In particular, the amplitude of the forces acting as a source of excitation on the vibrating blades is studied. The geometrical variability of the upstream stator is investigated as input uncertainty. The variability is modeled starting from a series of optical surface scans. A stochastic model is created to represent the measured manufacturing geometrical deviations from the nominal model. A data reduction methodology is proposed in order to represent the uncertainty with a minimal set of variables. The manufacturing geometrical variability model allows to represent the input uncertainty and probabilistically evaluate its impact on the aeroelastic problem. An uncertainty quantification is performed in order to evaluate the resulting variability on the modal forcing acting on the vibrating rotor blades. Of particular interest is the possible rise of low engine orders due to the mistuned flow field along the annulus. A reconstruction algorithm allows the representation of the variability during one rotor revolution. The uncertainty on low harmonics of the modal rotor forcing can be therefore identified and quantified. KW - aeromechanical instabilities KW - computational fluid dynamics (CFD) KW - turbomachinery blading design Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4052602 SN - 1528-8900 VL - 144 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shrestha, Krishna Prasad A1 - Giri, Binod Raj A1 - Elbaz, Ayman M. A1 - Issayev, Gani A1 - Roberts, William L. A1 - Seidel, Lars A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Farooq, Aamir T1 - A detailed chemical insights into the kinetics of diethyl ether enhancing ammonia combustion and the importance of NOx recycling mechanism T2 - Fuel Communications N2 - In this work, we investigated the combustion characteristics of ammonia (NH3) by blending it with various proportions of diethyl ether (DEE). We measured laminar flame speed of various NH3/DEE blends (DEE, 10–40% by mole) using a constant volume spherical vessel at Ti = 298 K and Pi = 3 and 5 bar and Φ = 0.8–1.3. We developed a detailed kinetic model to describe the trends of the current and previously published experimental data. For the robustness of the model, we first developed a comprehensive diethyl ether kinetic mechanism to accurately characterize neat DEE oxidation behavior. We validated the kinetic model using a large pool of experimental data comprising shock tube, rapid compression machine, jet-stirred and flow reactors, freely propagating, and burner-stabilized premixed flames. The developed kinetic model performs remarkably in capturing the combustion behavior of pure DEE and NH3. Importantly, our model captures the experimental data of laminar flame speed and ignition delay times of various NH3/DEE blends over a wide range of conditions. We found that DEE is a promising candidate to promote the combustion characteristics of NH3. A small portion of DEE (10%) enhances the laminar flame speed of NH3 by a factor of 2 at Pi = 1 bar, Ti = 298 K, and Φ = 1.0. A further doubling of the DEE mole fraction to 20% did not enhance the laminar flame speed of NH3 with the same propensity. At low temperatures, adding 5% DEE in NH3 blend has significantly expedited the system reactivity by lowering the autoignition temperature. A further 5% increment of DEE (i.e., 10% DEE in NH3) lowers the autoignition temperature by ∼120 K to achieve the same ignition delay time. The “NOsingle bondNO2” looping mechanism predominantly drives such reactivity accelerating effect. Here, the reactions, NO + HO2 = NO2 + OH and NO2 + H = NO + OH, appear to enhance the reactive radical pool by generating OH radicals. We observed that the HNO path is favored more with increasing DEE content which eventually liberates NO. Other key reactions in “NOsingle bondNO2” looping mechanism are: CH3 + NO2 = CH3O + NO, CH3O2 + NO = CH3O + NO2, C2H5 + NO2 = C2H5O + NO, C2H5O2 + NO = C2H5O + NO2. In addition, CH3 + NH2(+M) = CH3NH2(+M) reaction is also one of the important cross-reactions which leads to the formation of HCN. Therefore, cross-reactions between the nitrogen and carbon family are crucial in accurately predicting autoignition timing. This work provides a detailed chemical insight into the NH3 and DEE interaction, which could be applied to other fuel blends of NH3. The kinetic model is also validated for several C1single bondC3 fuels including their interaction with NOx. KW - DEE KW - Ammonia KW - Kinetic Model KW - Laminar flame speed KW - Ignition delay time Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfueco.2022.100051 SN - 2666-0520 VL - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wachs, Sebastian A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Wettstein, Alexander A1 - Wright, Michelle F. A1 - Krause, Norman A1 - Ballaschk, Cindy A1 - Kansok-Dusche, Julia T1 - The Online Hate Speech Cycle of Violence: Moderating Effects of Moral Disengagement and Empathy in the Victim-to-Perpetrator Relationship T2 - Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking N2 - Adolescents around the globe are increasingly exposed to online hate speech (OHS). And yet little is known about the varying roles of involvement and the determinants of adolescents' hate speech perpetration. Building on previous research, this study aims to test the cycle of violence hypothesis for OHS and to analyze whether moral disengagement (MD) and empathy moderate the victim-to-perpetrator relationship. The sample consists of 3,560 seventh to ninth graders (52.1 percent girls), recruited from 40 schools across Germany and Switzerland. Self-report questionnaires were administered to assess OHS involvement, MD, and empathy. Multilevel analyses revealed that victims of OHS were more likely to report OHS perpetration. In addition, victims of OHS were more likely to report OHS perpetration when they reported higher levels of MD than those with lower levels of MD. Finally, victims of OHS were less likely to report OHS perpetration when they reported higher levels of empathy than those with lower levels of empathy. The findings extend the cycle of violence hypothesis to OHS and highlight the need to address MD and empathy in hate speech prevention. Implications for future research will be discussed. KW - hate speech KW - cyberhate KW - online discrimination KW - empathy KW - moral disengagement KW - adolescents Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2021.0159 SN - 2152-2715 VL - 25 IS - 4 SP - 223 EP - 229 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoffmann, Stephanie A1 - Sander, Lydia A1 - Wachtler, Benjamin A1 - Blume, Miriam A1 - Schneider, Sven A1 - Herke, Max A1 - Pischke, Claudia R. A1 - Matos Fialho, Paula Mayara A1 - Schuettig, Wiebke A1 - Tallarek, Marie A1 - Lampert, Thomas A1 - Spallek, Jacob T1 - Moderating or mediating effects of family characteristics on socioeconomic inequalities in child health in high‑income countries – a scoping review T2 - BMC Public Health N2 - Background: By explaining the development of health inequalities, eco-social theories highlight the importance of social environments that children are embedded in. The most important environment during early childhood is the family, as it profoundly influences children’s health through various characteristics. These include family processes, family structure/size, and living conditions, and are closely linked to the socioeconomic position (SEP) of the family. Although it is known that the SEP contributes to health inequalities in early childhood, the effects of family characteristics on health inequalities remain unclear. The objective of this scoping review is to synthesise existing research on the mediating and moderating effects of family characteristics on socioeconomic health inequalities (HI) during early childhood in high-income countries. Methods: This review followed the methodology of “Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews”. To identify German and English scientific peer-reviewed literature published from January 1st, 2000, to December 19th, 2019, the following search term blocks were linked with the logical operator “AND”: (1) family structure/size, processes, living conditions, (2) inequalities, disparities, diversities, (3) income, education, occupation, (4) health and (5) young children. The search covered the electronic databases PubMed, PsycINFO, and Scopus. Results: The search yielded 7,089 records. After title/abstract and full-text screening, only ten peer-reviewed articles were included in the synthesis, which analysed the effects of family characteristics on HI in early childhood. Family processes (i.e., rules /descriptive norms, stress, parental screen time, parent–child conflicts) are identified to have mediating or moderating effects. While families’ living conditions (i.e., TVs in children’s bedrooms) are suggested as mediating factors, family structure/size (i.e., single parenthood, number of children in the household) appear to moderate health inequalities. Conclusion: Family characteristics contribute to health inequalities in early childhood. The results provide overall support of models of family stress and family investment. However, knowledge gaps remain regarding the role of family health literacy, regarding a wide range of children’s health outcomes (e.g., oral health, inflammation parameters, weight, and height), and the development of health inequalities over the life course starting at birth. KW - Child KW - family KW - health KW - Health status disparities KW - infant KW - Socioeconomic factors KW - Socioeconomic health inequalities Y1 - 2022 UR - https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-022-12603-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-12603-4 SN - 1471-2458 VL - 22 SP - 1 EP - 14 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schramm, Tim A1 - Herd, Rainer T1 - Geogene Grundwasserversalzung in Berlin T2 - Brandenburgische geowissenschaftliche Beiträge Y1 - 2020 UR - https://lbgr.brandenburg.de/lbgr/de/geologischer-dienst/brandenburgische-geowissenschaftliche-beitraege/ SN - 0947-1995 VL - 27 IS - 1/2 SP - 47 EP - 60 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Heitmann, Nadja A1 - Glemnitz, Michael A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Müller, Marina E. H. T1 - Unselective Transport of Phytopathogenic Fusarium Fungi from Litter and Soil by Ground-Dwelling Arthropods Links Semi-Natural and Agricultural Habitats T2 - Microorganisms N2 - The dispersal of propagules, such as fungal spores or seeds by actively moving animals, connects and shapes communities. The dispersal of plant pathogens by arthropods might be a crucial mechanism in the spread of several crop diseases. Ground-dwelling arthropods are potential linkers between fungal communities in semi-natural and agricultural habitats by transporting propagules of Fusarium fungi. We compared the Fusarium communities on the body surface of ground-dwelling arthropods with litter in semi-natural and soil in agricultural habitats with a focus on the Fusarium community. We found three relatively distinct Fusarium communities with moderate overlap. We detected a higher richness of Fusarium species on the body surface of arthropods compared to litter and soil communities. The results suggest that the Fusarium community on the body surface of arthropods relates to the composition observed in litter and soil with limited filtering mechanisms between communities. Ground-dwelling arthropods are relevant agents for the distribution of Fusarium and therefore link fungal communities in adjacent habitats. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10020335 SN - 2076-2607 VL - 10 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sikorski, Johannes A1 - Baumgartner, Vanessa A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - The evolution of ecological diversity in Acidobacteria T2 - Frontiers in Microbiology N2 - Acidobacteria occur in a large variety of ecosystems worldwide and are particularly abundant and highly diverse in soils. In spite of their diversity, only few species have been characterized to date which makes Acidobacteria one of the most poorly understood phyla among the domain Bacteria. We used a culture-independent niche modeling approach to elucidate ecological adaptations and their evolution for 4,154 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of Acidobacteria across 150 different, comprehensively characterized grassland soils in Germany. Using the relative abundances of their 16S rRNA gene transcripts, the responses of active OTUs along gradients of 41 environmental variables were modeled using hierarchical logistic regression (HOF), which allowed to determine values for optimum activity for each variable (niche optima). By linking 16S rRNA transcripts to the phylogeny of full 16S rRNA gene sequences, we could trace the evolution of the different ecological adaptations during the diversification of Acidobacteria. This approach revealed a pronounced ecological diversification even among acidobacterial sister clades. Although the evolution of habitat adaptation was mainly cladogenic, it was disrupted by recurrent events of convergent evolution that resulted in frequent habitat switching within individual clades. Our findings indicate that the high diversity of soil acidobacterial communities is largely sustained by differential habitat adaptation even at the level of closely related species. A comparison of niche optima of individual OTUs with the phenotypic properties of their cultivated pepresentatives showed that our niche modeling approach (1) correctly predicts those physiological properties that have been determined for cultivated species of Acidobacteria but (2) also provides ample information on ecological adaptations that cannot be inferred from standard taxonomic descriptions of bacterial isolates. These novel information on specific adaptations of not-yet-cultivated Acidobacteria can therefore guide future cultivation trials and likely will increase their cultivation success. KW - physiological traits KW - 16S rRNA gene transcripts KW - optimum niche modeling KW - Acidobacteria KW - adaptation KW - ecological diversity KW - evolution Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.715637 SN - 1664-302X N1 - viele weitere Autor*innen VL - Vol. 13 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Potapov, Anton A1 - Beaulieu, Frédéric A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Bluhm, Sarah L. A1 - Degtyarev, Maxim I. A1 - Devetter, Miloslav A1 - Goncharov, Anton A. A1 - Gongalsky, Konstantin B. A1 - Klarner, Bernhard A1 - Korobushkin, Daniil I. T1 - Feeding habits and multifunctional classification of soil-associated consumers from protists to vertebrates T2 - Biological Reviews N2 - Soil organisms drive major ecosystem functions by mineralising carbon and releasing nutrients during decomposition processes, which supports plant growth, aboveground biodiversity and, ultimately, human nutrition. Soil ecologists often operate with functional groups to infer the effects of individual taxa on ecosystem functions and services. Simultaneous assessment of the functional roles of multiple taxa is possible using food-web reconstructions, but our knowledge of the feeding habits of many taxa is insufficient and often based on limited evidence. Over the last two decades, molecular, biochemical and isotopic tools have improved our understanding of the feeding habits of various soil organisms, yet this knowledge is still to be synthesised into a common functional framework. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the feeding habits of consumers in soil, including protists, micro-, meso- and macrofauna (invertebrates), and soil-associated vertebrates. We have integrated existing functional group classifications with findings gained with novel methods and compiled an overarching classification across taxa focusing on key universal traits such as food resource preferences, body masses, microhabitat specialisation, protection and hunting mechanisms. Our summary highlights various strands of evidence that many functional groups commonly used in soil ecology and food-web models are feeding on multiple types of food resources. In many cases, omnivory is observed down to the species level of taxonomic resolution, challenging realism of traditional soil food-web models based on distinct resource-based energy channels. Novel methods, such as stable isotope, fatty acid and DNA gut content analyses, have revealed previously hidden facets of trophic relationships of soil consumers, such as food assimilation, multichannel feeding across trophic levels, hidden trophic niche differentiation and the importance of alternative food/prey, as well as energy transfers across ecosystem compartments. Wider adoption of such tools and the development of open interoperable platforms that assemble morphological, ecological and trophic data as traits of soil taxa will enable the refinement and expansion of the multifunctional classification of consumers in soil. The compiled multifunctional classification of soil-associated consumers will serve as a reference for ecologists working with biodiversity changes and biodiversity–ecosystem functioning relationships, making soil food-web research more accessible and reproducible. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/brv.12832 SN - 1469-185X N1 - viele weitere Autor*innen VL - 97 IS - 3 SP - 1057 EP - 1117 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meyer, Svenja A1 - Kundel, Dominika A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Fliessbach, Andreas A1 - Scheu, Stefan T1 - Trophic niche but not abundance of Collembola and Oribatida changes with drought and farming system T2 - PeerJ N2 - Higher frequencies of summer droughts are predicted to change soil conditions in the future affecting soil fauna communities and their biotic interactions. In agroecosystems drought effects on soil biota may be modulated by different management practices that alter the availability of different food resources. Recent studies on the effect of drought on soil microarthropods focused on measures of abundance and diversity. We here additionally investigated shifts in trophic niches of Collembola and Oribatida as indicated by stable isotope analysis (13C and 15N). We simulated short-term summer drought by excluding 65% of the ambient precipitation in conventionally and organically managed winter wheat fields on the DOK trial in Switzerland. Stable isotope values suggest that plant litter and root exudates were the most important resources for Collembola (Isotoma caerulea, Isotomurus maculatus and Orchesella villosa) and older plant material and microorganisms for Oribatida (Scheloribates laevigatus and Tectocepheus sarekensis). Drought treatment and farming systems did not affect abundances of the studied species. However, isotope values of some species increased in organically managed fields indicating a higher proportion of microorganisms in their diet. Trophic niche size, a measure of both isotope values combined, decreased with drought and under organic farming in some species presumably due to favored use of plants as basal resource instead of algae and microorganisms. Overall, our results suggest that the flexible usage of resources may buffer effects of drought and management practices on the abundance of microarthropods in agricultural systems. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.12777 SN - 2167-8359 VL - 10 IS - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Belgroune, Ahlam A1 - Alhussein, Akram A1 - Aissani, Linda A1 - Zaabat, Mourad A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Verdy, Christophe A1 - Langlade, Cécile T1 - Effect of He and N2 gas on the mechanical and tribological assessment of SS316L coating deposited by cold spraying process T2 - Journal of Materials Science N2 - In this study, simulation and experimental methods were used to investigate the influence of cold spray conditions on AISI 316L stainless steel coatings. The effect of both helium and nitrogen gases used was investigated. The temperature, particle sizes of spraying powder, and distance from the nozzle throat to the impinging point were estimated by using the Kinetics Spray Solutions GmbH software. The 316L stainless steel (SS) coatings were examined by X-ray diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Microanalysis. The tribological behavior was evaluated under different loads (2 N and 5 N) in dry conditions. It was found that the nitrogen and helium propellant gas with high speed and fine particles led to produce good coatings with dense microstructures. From the nanoindentation experiments, the Young's modulus and hardness of the SS 316L samples were enhanced of about 8% with helium due to the high particle velocity. It was shown that the wear resistance of SS 316L produced with helium was higher than that of the standard SS 316L coatings. The coatings produced with helium revealed lower friction coefficient (0.65) and wear rate (6.9 × 10–4 mm3/Nm) under 2 N applied load than that obtained nitrogen. It was also found that the SS 316L cold sprayed by helium with dense structure presents high hardness and good tribological performance that can be suggested for several applications. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10853-022-06950-1#article-info U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-022-06950-1 SN - 1573-4803 VL - 57 IS - 8 SP - 5258 EP - 5274 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Batz Liñeiro, Taimyra A1 - Müsgens, Felix T1 - Evaluating the German PV auction program: The secrets of individual bids revealed T2 - Energy Policy N2 - Auctions have become the primary instrument for promoting renewable energy around the world. However, the data published on such auctions are typically limited to aggregated information (e.g., total awarded capacity, average payments). These data constraints hinder the evaluation of realisation rates and other relevant auction dynamics. In this study, we present an algorithm to overcome these data limitations in German renewable energy auction programme by combining publicly available information from four different databases. We apply it to the German solar auction programme and evaluate auctions using quantitative methods. We calculate realisation rates and—using correlation and regression analysis—explore the impact of PV module prices, competition, and project and developer characteristics on project realisation and bid values. Our results confirm that the German auctions were effective. We also found that project realisation took, on average, 1.5 years (with 28% of projects finished late and incurring a financial penalty), nearly half of projects changed location before completion (again, incurring a financial penalty) and small and inexperienced developers could successfully participate in auctions. KW - Energy markets and pricing Y1 - 2021 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0301421521004845 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2021.112618 SN - 0301-4215 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lovis-Schmidt, Avelina A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Pahlke, Kyra A1 - Rindermann, Heiner T1 - Physical Health Complaints in Adolescents: Findings From the 2018 Brandenburg HBSC Study T2 - European Journal of Health Psychology N2 - Some of the physical health complaints adolescents have, such as headaches and stomachaches, cannot be explained on a somatic level. It is unclear which psychological factors can explain these complaints: stress and social support are often discussed, but emotions rarely are. Aims: This cross-sectional study aims to use social support, stress, the tendency toward negative emotions, and health behaviors to predict physical health complaints in adolescents. Method: The 2018 HBSC (Health Behavior in School-aged Children) data from the German state of Brandenburg was analyzed via structural equation and path modeling (N = 3,068, age M = 13.05). Results: Results showed that the tendency toward negative emotions seems to be a better predictor for health complaints (β = .35) than stress (β = .17), and even better suited than social support (β = −.08) or health behavior (β = −.06 to β = .16). In the analysis of specific emotions (anger, sadness, and fear), correlations were low and between sadness and complaints they were highest (average β = .19). Limitations: The present cross-sectional study could not examine long-term outcomes. In addition, the results are limited to only a few physical complaints. Future long-term studies should examine multiple disease symptoms in adolescence. Conclusion: The investigated tendency toward negative emotions demonstrated promising results to better understand the relationship between psychological factors and physical health complaints. As negative emotions were particularly important in predicting physical health, prevention programs for adolescents should focus on dealing with negative emotions to improve their health. KW - emotion and stress KW - social support KW - health complaints KW - HBSC-study KW - adolescents Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1027/2512-8442/a000090 SN - 2512-8442 VL - 29 IS - 3 SP - 121 EP - 133 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kuteyi, Damilola A1 - Winkler, Herwig T1 - Logistics Challenges in Sub-Saharan Africa and Opportunities for Digitalization T2 - Sustainability N2 - Improvements in logistics performance are considered to be a significant driver of economic growth. Digitalization in logistics, which includes enhanced tracking systems, digitized flows of information, artificial intelligence and automation, has further enabled globalized trade. However, Sub-Saharan African (SSA) economies, majorly export-commodity-dependent, still lag behind, grappling with inadequate policy frameworks, huge infrastructure deficits and trade barriers which result in a broken supply chain that negatively impacts growth. This study aims to investigate existing challenges in Sub-Saharan Africa, the potentials for the region to leapfrog traditional supply chain practices and adopt digital technologies, by evaluating previous findings in a systematic manner and augmenting these findings through semi-structured interviews. Systematic literature analysis conducted on published academic literature within a specific period and based on predefined criteria resulted in 287 articles being used for the final analysis. The most common logistics challenges and potential solutions have been identified. Semi-structured interviews with logistics service providers in the region have been conducted to establish the findings highlighted in the systematic literature review. The interviews showed that human capital training is a major factor when adopting digital technologies, and a focus on infrastructure investments, regulatory and institutional framework improvements will boost economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa. KW - digitalization KW - industry 4.0 KW - logistics KW - sub-Saharan Africa Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/4/2399/htm U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/su14042399 SN - 2071-1050 VL - 14 IS - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Colli, Michele A1 - Berger, Ulrich A1 - Bockholt, Markus A1 - Madsen, Ole A1 - Møller, Charles A1 - Vejrum Wæhrens, Brian T1 - A maturity assessment approach for conceiving context-specific roadmaps in the Industry 4.0 era T2 - Annual Reviews in Control N2 - The digital transformation of the production sector is setting the scene for a major industrial change. The need for supporting companies in this transformation is currently covered by several maturity models, generally operationalized through standardized questionnaires, which provide, as an outcome, an assessment of the current maturity stage and a set of general improvement recommendations according to it. However, to provide companies with a more tangible support, there is a need for more individual approach. In order to deal with this need, this paper proposes, following a design science research framework, a novel approach based on Problem-Based Learning for structuring the assessment procedure as a dialectic process. This approach aims at facilitating the contextualization of the assessed company and, consequently, the identification of context-specific improvement recommendations. The proposed approach, supported by a maturity model used for framing information collected during the assessment process, is tested in three industrial cases. Although these have been assessed at the same maturity stage, different improvement recommendations have been proposed according to contextual factors such as strategic goals, core processes and key performance indicators. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arcontrol.2019.06.001 SN - 1367-5788 SN - 1872-9088 VL - Vol. 48 SP - 165 EP - 177 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fuchs, Jonas A1 - Gardill, Markus A1 - Lübke, Maximilian A1 - Dubey, Anand A1 - Lurz, Fabian T1 - A machine learning perspective on automotive radar direction of arrival estimation T2 - IEEE Access Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3141587 SN - 2169-3536 VL - Vol. 10 SP - 6775 EP - 6797 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hirschl, Bernd T1 - Berlin Paris-konform machen: Wie Berlin so schnell wie möglich klimaneutral werden kann T2 - Energie-Impulse : Zeitschrift des Berliner Impulse-Programms N2 - Seit der Verabschiedung des Pariser Klimaschutzabkommens von 2015 ist klar, dass das Zwei-Grad-Ziel nicht ausreichend ist und so schnell wie möglich die Quellen und Senken von Treibhausgasen in Einklang gebracht werden müssen. Deshalb wurde die Machbarkeitsstudie „Klimaneutrales Berlin 2050“ aus dem Jahr 2014 nun durch die Studie „Berlin Paris-konform machen“ aktualisiert. Darin wird anhand von sektorspezifischen Szenarien betrachtet, ab wann Berlin nach den veränderten internationalen Anforderungen klimaneutral werden kann. Bisher steuert die Stadt noch nicht auf eine baldige Klimaneutralität hin, weshalb in der Studie besonders der Fokus auf limitierende Faktoren gesetzt wurde, die diesem Pfad im Wege stehen. Der Artikel fasst wichtige Erkenntnisse und Maßnahmen aus der Studie zusammen und zeigt auf, wie diese erkenntlich machen, dass das Ziel der Klimaneutralität Berlins mit sehr großen Anstrengungen besonders auch durch Veränderungen in der Klima-Governance in den 2040er Jahren erreichbar sein kann. KW - Klimaneutralität KW - Pariser Klimaziele KW - Berlin Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.berliner-impulse.de/files/pdf/flowpaper/2021/03/ IS - 3 SP - 4 EP - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Salecki, Steven A1 - Hirschl, Bernd T1 - Ökonomische Beteiligung lokaler Akteure als Schlüssel für Akzeptanz und stärkeren Ausbau erneuerbarer Energien T2 - Zeitschrift für neues Energierecht : ZNER N2 - Die Akzeptanz der lokalen Bevölkerung für den weiteren regionalen Zubau von erneuerbaren Energien wird immer mehr zum kritischen Faktor für das Erreichen der Klimaneutralität. Ein zentraler Akzeptanzfaktor ist die signifikante finanzielle Beteiligung der von den Anlagen Betroffenen und der Standortkommunen. Mit dem § 36k EEG 2021 bzw. aktuell dem § 6 EEG 2021 n. F. hat der Gesetzgeber einen ersten Schritt in diese Richtung unternommen, er muss jedoch aus Sicht der Autoren deutlich mehr regionale Beteiligungsformen ermöglichen. KW - Akzeptanz KW - lokale Bevölkerung KW - erneuerbare Energien KW - Beteiligung KW - Teilhabe Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.ioew.de/fileadmin/user_upload/BILDER_und_Downloaddateien/Publikationen/2021/ZNER_04_21_Beitrag_Salecki_Hirschl.pdf SN - 1434-3339 VL - 25 IS - 4 SP - 329 EP - 335 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shapovalov, Oleg T1 - Метод безэлектродного контактирования пьезоэлемента в иммерсионном преобразователе для использования в высокотемпературных проводящих жидких средах T2 - Pribory i Tekhnika Eksperimenta / Приборы и Техника Эксперимента N2 - Представлены концепция и тестирование новой модификации изобретенного ранее ультразвукового преобразователя для толщинометрии в высокотемпературных иммерсионных средах. Суть модификации заключается в удалении нижнего электрода пьезоэлемента и использовании электропроводности окружающей жидкости для передачи электрического заряда на контактирующую с жидкостью поверхность пьезоэлемента. Благодаря отсутствию заземляющего электрода разработанная технология обеспечивает заметное повышение точности прибора, а также значительное улучшение отношения сигнал/шум. Кроме того, предложенная модификация позволяет снизить нижнюю границу измеряемой толщины. Это обеспечивается за счет укорочения посылаемого ультразвукового импульса благодаря минимизации рассеяния излучаемого сигнала, обусловленного в исходном варианте нижним электродом. Таким образом, несмотря на некоторые отдельные сложности, которые могут возникнуть при применении модифицированного преобразователя, представленная концепция обеспечивает заметное улучшение качества измерения. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://sciencejournals.ru/view-article/?j=pribory&y=2022&v=0&n=1&a=Pribory2201022Shapovalov U6 - https://doi.org/10.31857/S0032816222010220 SN - 0032-8162 IS - 1 SP - 154 EP - 158 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ewera, Michael A1 - Herinek, Doreen A1 - Glunde, Bettina T1 - Interprofessionalität in der Pflegeausbildung – (inter-)nationale Reformen, Erfahrungen und Perspektiven T2 - Zeitschrift für medizinische Ethik N2 - Der Ruf nach mehr Interprofessionalität in der Gesundheits- und Sozialversorgung ist nicht neu, ebenso wenig die Forderung, die Gesundheits- und Sozialberufe besser auf kooperatives Versorgungshandeln und geteilte Verantwortlichkeiten vorzubereiten. Dabei rückt mehr und mehr die grundständige Ausbildung ins Blickfeld sowie deren Möglichkeiten zur frühzeitigen Anbahnung interprofessioneller Kompetenzen - auch in der Pflege. In diesem Beitrag fragen wir nach Reformen der Pflegeausbildung, der Anbahnung interprofessioneller Kompetenzen und nach dazu vorliegenden (inter-)nationalen Erfahrungen. Schließlich diskutieren wir einige Herausforderungen und Risiken für die interprofessionelle Bildungsarbeit im Kontext der Pflegeausbildung. KW - Reformen KW - interprofessionelle Bildung KW - kooperative Versorgung KW - Pflegeausbildung Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.14623/zfme.2021.1.17-32 SN - 0403-3884 SN - 0944-7652 VL - 67 IS - 1 SP - 17 EP - 32 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Glunde, Bettina T1 - Prüfungen in der Lehrerausbildung der Gesundheits- und Pflegewissenschaft - ein fachdidaktischer Exkurs zur Konstruktion und Gestaltung von mündlichen Prüfungen im Kontext von Kompetenz- und Problembasierung T2 - Pädagogik der Gesundheitsberufe N2 - In diesem Beitrag wird ein kompetenzorientiertes, fallbasiertes mündliches Prüfungsformat in der beruflichen Lehrerbildung der Gesundheits- und Pflegewissenschaft für das 3. Mastersemester vorgestellt. Nach der Hinführung und theoretischen Einordnung wird die Konstruktion des dreistufigen Formats erläutert und begründet. Dei Autorin hat das Format mit ihrer Arbeitsgruppe entwickelt und einen Reflexionsrahmen für die berufliche Lehrerbildung durch die Verwendung der modifizierten, heuristischen Matrix der interaktionistischen Pflegedidaktik bereitgestellt. Das Prüfungsformat wurde an der TUM School of Education an der Technischen Universität München erfolgreich umgesetzt. Es wurde auf dem Lernweltenkongress in Chur 2015 präsentiert. KW - Prüfungsformat Mündlich Y1 - 2016 SN - 2199-9570 SN - 2199-9562 VL - Ausgabe 2, 3. Jahrgang SP - 33 EP - 39 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Glunde, Bettina T1 - Förderung einer individuellen Lernkultur in der beruflichen Lehrerbildung durch Portfolioarbeit an der Hochschule T2 - Pädagogik der Gesundheitsberufe N2 - In diesem Beitrag wird nach einer berufspädagogischen Einordnung und theoretischen Begründung ein Gesamtkonzept eines Entwicklungs- und Prüfungsportfolios über drei Mastersemester in der beruflichen Lehrerbildung der Gesundheits- und Pflegewissenschaft vorgestellt. Das Konzept wurde von der Autorin entwickelt und mit der Arbeitsgruppe der Fachdidaktik der Gesundheits- und Pflegewissenschaft an der TUM School of Education an der Technischen Universität München erfolgreich umgesetzt. Es wurde auf dem Lernweltenkongress in Berlin 2014 zusammen mit drei Lehramtsstudierenden des 8. und 9. Fachsemesters präsentiert. KW - Portfolioarbeit Lehramtsstudierende Gesundheits- und Pflegewissenschaft Y1 - 2015 SN - 2199-9570 SN - 2199-9562 VL - Ausgabe 1, 2. Jahrgang SP - 67 EP - 73 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stockmann, Christian A1 - Winkler, Herwig T1 - Robustness of production systems: Evidence from the German manufacturing industry T2 - Journal of Engineering and Technology Management Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0923474822000029 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jengtecman.2022.101672 SN - 0923-4748 VL - Vol. 63 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Binder, Julia A1 - Witting, Antje T1 - Digital pioneers in rural regional development: a bibliometric analysis of digitalisation and leadership T2 - Raumforschung und Raumordnung N2 - While research into digitalisation in cities has grown strongly in recent years, rural areas have now also clearly shifted into the focus of attention. An important strand of research into digitalisation in rural areas can be described as agency perspectives. Current studies point to the driving, transformative force of key figures, for example social entrepreneurs, smart villagers or spatial pioneers. At heart, these studies propose that paths for collective action can be developed via key figures, thus generating ways to change established rules and norms. This paper represents a methodological contribution to this strand of research by subjecting the debate on leadership through key figures to a quantitative, bibliometric analysis, on the basis of which a heuristic is proposed in order to develop relevant research questions. Based on different strands of discourse, our results show that unequal spatial development ismanifested in an urban bias, but also demonstrate the potential of the growing research field in rural regional development. KW - digitalisation KW - regional development KW - digital pioneers KW - leadership KW - bibliometric analysis Y1 - 2022 UR - https://rur.oekom.de/index.php/rur/article/view/103 U6 - https://doi.org/10.14512/rur.103 SN - 1869-4179 VL - 80 IS - 3 SP - 266 EP - 278 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wanner, Manfred A1 - Sogame, Yoichiro A1 - Shimizu, Miki T1 - An elevation transect study of testate amoeba communities up to 4000 m a.s.l. on Mount Kinabalu, Borneo T2 - European Journal of Protistology N2 - Testate amoebae are a polyphyletic assemblage of unicellular eukaryotes with a specific shell. They occur frequently in soil and freshwater habitats all over the world, important for ecosystem functioning and useful for bio-indication. Terrestrial amoeba data from Borneo or Malaysia are rarely available. In this study, data on species composition and relative abundance were presented along a transect from 1730 m up to 4000 m above sea level from 10 elevational levels on Mt. Kinabalu, Malaysian Borneo. In total 78 morphotypes of testate amoebae were recorded. Most were small (under 100 µm) and supposedly cosmopolitan. However, Certesella certesi with limited geographical distribution and some rare taxa (e.g., Padaungiella lageniformis cordiformis, Placocista jurassica, Trinema chardezi) and two undescribed morphospecies were also observed. Presence/absence and relative abundance data of testate amoebae were associated to elevation with a pronounced change at the tree line, as revealed by non-metric multidimensional scaling ordination analysis. Our data from Southeast Asia contribute to the actual discussion on distributional patterns considering elevation gradients and biogeography of eukaryotic microbes. KW - Soil protists KW - Community structure KW - Malaysia Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejop.2022.125868 SN - 0932-4739 VL - Vol. 83 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoffmann, Stephanie A1 - Tschorn, Mira A1 - Michalski, Niels A1 - Hoebel, Jens A1 - Förstner, Bernd R. A1 - Rapp, Michael A. A1 - Spallek, Jacob T1 - Association of regional socioeconomic deprivation and rurality with global developmental delay in early childhood: Data from mandatory school entry examinations in Germany T2 - Health & Place N2 - Background From birth to young adulthood, health and development of young people are strongly linked to their living situation, including their family’s socioeconomic position (SEP) and living environment. The impact of regional characteristics on development in early childhood beyond family SEP has been rarely investigated. This study aimed to identify regional predictors of global developmental delay at school entry taking family SEP into consideration. Method We used representative, population-based data from mandatory school entry examinations of the German federal state of Brandenburg in 2018/2019 with n=22,801 preschool children. By applying binary multilevel models, we hierarchically analyzed the effect of regional deprivation defined by the German Index of Socioeconomic Deprivation (GISD) and rurality operationalized as inverted population density of the children’s school district on global developmental delay (GDD) while adjusting for family SEP (low, medium and high). Results Family SEP was significantly and strongly linked to GDD. Children with the highest family SEP showed a lower odds for GDD compared to a medium SEP (female: OR=4.26, male: OR=3.46) and low SEP (female: OR=16.58, male: OR=12.79). Furthermore, we discovered a smaller, but additional and independent effect of regional socioeconomic deprivation on GDD, with a higher odds for children from a more deprived school district (female: OR=1.35, male: OR=1.20). However, rurality did not show a significant link to GDD in preschool children beyond family SEP and regional deprivation. Conclusion Family SEP and regional deprivation are risk factors for child development and of particular interest to promote health of children in early childhood and over the life course. KW - Health inequalities KW - Spatial analysis KW - Regional deprivation KW - Rurality KW - Developmental delay KW - Children Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1353829222000557 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2022.102794 SN - 1353-8292 VL - 75 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Geyer, Thomas T1 - Experimental Investigation of Flow and Noise Control by Porous Coated Tandem Cylinder Configurations T2 - AIAA Journal Y1 - 2022 UR - https://arc.aiaa.org/doi/10.2514/1.J061180 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2514/1.J061180 SN - 1533-385X VL - 60 IS - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Franzen, Christoph A1 - Fischer, Thomas T1 - Removal of Iron Crusts from Sandstone Sculptures in a Fountain T2 - Environmental Earth Sciences Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-022-10302-2 SN - 1866-6299 SN - 1866-6280 VL - 81 IS - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stanke, Sandra A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Bier, Frank F. A1 - Hölzel, Ralph T1 - AC electrokinetic immobilization of influenza virus T2 - Electrophoresis N2 - The use of alternating current (AC) electrokinetic forces, like dielectrophoresis and AC electroosmosis, as a simple and fast method to immobilize sub-micrometer objects onto nanoelectrode arrays is presented. Due to its medical relevance, the influenza virus is chosen as a model organism. One of the outstanding features is that the immobilization of viral material to the electrodes can be achieved permanently, allowing subsequent handling independently from the electrical setup. Thus, by using merely electric fields, we demonstrate that the need of prior chemical surface modification could become obsolete. The accumulation of viral material over time is observed by fluorescence microscopy. The influences of side effects like electrothermal fluid flow, causing a fluid motion above the electrodes and causing an intensity gradient within the electrode array, are discussed. Due to the improved resolution by combining fluorescence microscopy with deconvolution, it is shown that the viral material is mainly drawn to the electrode edge and to a lesser extent to the electrode surface. Finally, areas of application for this functionalization technique are presented. KW - dielectrophoresis KW - immobilization KW - virus Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/elps.202100324 SN - 1522-2683 VL - 43 IS - 12 SP - 1309 EP - 1321 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hübel, Hartwig A1 - Vollrath, Bastian T1 - Simplified Theory of Plastic Zones in the state of elastic shakedown with stress stiffening T2 - European Journal of Mechanics - A/Solids N2 - Cyclic loading may cause elastic-plastic strains to accumulate if a ratcheting mechanism is present. After a number of cycles, strain accumulation may cease so that a state of either elastic or plastic shakedown is reached. Determination of strains and other quantities in the state of shakedown (post-shakedown quantities) by means of incremental analyses is costly. Direct methods such as the Simplified Theory of Plastic Zones (STPZ) aim at providing estimates of the post-shakedown quantities, bypassing cycle-by-cycle analyses. If geometric effects such as stress stiffening play a role, determination of accumulated strains even becomes more complicated. The STPZ has been further developed in order to account for the combination of plasticity and stress stiffening with respect to elastic shakedown. The theory is described and illustrated using examples such as a pipe bend subjected to cyclic in-plane bending. The implications of cyclic as opposed to constant stress stiffness are discussed. The effect of stress stiffening on ratcheting interaction diagrams (RID), separating regions of elastic and plastic shakedown in the space of loading parameters, is discussed. KW - Cyclic strain accumulation KW - Shakedown KW - Ratcheting KW - Post-shakedown quantities KW - Stress stiffening KW - Geometric effects KW - Second order effects KW - Progressive buckling KW - Zarka's method Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euromechsol.2022.104613 SN - 0997-7538 VL - 95 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gergs, Tobias A1 - Borislavov, Borislav A1 - Trieschmann, Jan T1 - Efficient plasma-surface interaction surrogate model for sputtering processes based on autoencoder neural networks T2 - Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology. B N2 - Simulations of thin film sputter deposition require the separation of the plasma and material transport in the gas phase from the growth/sputtering processes at the bounding surfaces (e.g., substrate and target). Interface models based on analytic expressions or look-up tables inherently restrict this complex interaction to a bare minimum. A machine learning model has recently been shown to overcome this remedy for Ar ions bombarding a Ti-Al composite target. However, the chosen network structure (i.e., a multilayer perceptron, MLP) provides approximately 4×106 degrees of freedom, which bears the risk of overfitting the relevant dynamics and complicating the model to an unreliable extent. This work proposes a conceptually more sophisticated but parameterwise simplified regression artificial neural network for an extended scenario, considering a variable instead of a single fixed Ti-Al stoichiometry. A convolutional 𝛽-variational autoencoder is trained to reduce the high-dimensional energy-angular distribution of sputtered particles to a low-dimensional latent representation with only two components. In addition to a primary decoder that is trained to reconstruct the input energy-angular distribution, a secondary decoder is employed to reconstruct the mean energy of incident Ar ions as well as the present Ti-Al composition. The mutual latent space is hence conditioned on these quantities. The trained primary decoder of the variational autoencoder network is subsequently transferred to a regression network, for which only the mapping to the particular low-dimensional space has to be learned. While obtaining a competitive performance, the number of degrees of freedom is drastically reduced to 15 111 (0.378% of the MLP) and 486 (0.012% of the MLP) parameters for the primary decoder and the remaining regression network, respectively. The underlying methodology is very general and can easily be extended to more complex physical descriptions (e.g., taking into account dynamical surface properties) with a minimal amount of data required. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1116/6.0001485 SN - 2166-2754 VL - 40 IS - 1 SP - 012802-1 EP - 012802-15 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bischoff, Carl A1 - Leise, Jakob A1 - Perez-Bosch Quesada, Emilio A1 - Pérez, Eduardo A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Kloes, Alexander T1 - Implementation of device-to-device and cycle-to-cycle variability of memristive devices in circuit simulations T2 - Solid-State Electronics N2 - We present a statistical procedure for the extraction of parameters of a compact model for memristive devices. Thereby, in a circuit simulation the typical fluctuations of the current–voltage (I-V) characteristics from device-to-device (D2D) and from cycle-to-cycle (C2C) can be emulated. The approach is based on the Stanford model whose parameters play a key role to integrating D2D and C2C dispersion. The influence of such variabilities over the model’s parameters is investigated by using a fitting algorithm fed with experimental data. After this, the statistical distributions of the parameters are used in a Monte Carlo simulation to reproduce the I-V D2D and C2C dispersions which show a good agreement to the measured curves. The results allow the simulation of the on/off current variation for the design of RRAM cells or memristor-based artificial neural networks. KW - RRAM KW - circuit simulation KW - HfO2 Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sse.2022.108321 SN - 0038-1101 VL - 194 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kuhn, Ramona A1 - Jensch, Robert A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Keuler, Klaus A1 - Bryant, Isaac Mbir A1 - Martienssen, Marion T1 - Sunlight Degradation of the Aminophosphonate Diethylenetriamine Penta-(Methylenephosphonic Acid) T2 - Solar N2 - Aminophosphonate diethylenetriamine penta(methylenephosphonic acid) (DTPMP) is a scale inhibitor commonly used in several industries. DTPMP is suspected to cause anthropogenic pollution through discharge into the aquatic environment. DTPMP is assumed to be degraded by sunlight radiation. We recently predicted a preliminary degradation pathway of DTPMP applyingUV treatment. Currently, we have not yet evidenced that DTPMP shows the same degradation pattern with natural sunlight. One major reason leads to the fact that the light spectrum emitted by UV lamps does not completely represent the natural sunlight spectrum, and the emitted UVB and UVA irradiation flux is much higher than for solar light. For that reason, the degradation pattern and kinetics might be different between artificial UV treatment and natural sunlight treatment. Here, we investigated whether DTPMP is degradable under natural sunlight radiation, and whether the degradation mechanisms determined through UV treatment are transferable to sunlight. We investigated five different treatment conditions, i.e., DTPMP degradation in direct or diffuse sunlight, in diffuse sunlight with addition of Ca2+ or Mg2+, and in diffuse sunlight with local TW. Our experiment was carried out from March 2021 to October 2021. We performed LC/MS analyses and measured the release of o-PO4 3  . DTPMP was degraded with all five treatment conditions. The fastest DTPMP degradation occurred in direct and diffuse sunlight without addition of bivalent cations. The addition of Ca2+ and Mg2+ resulted in inhibited degradation. Similar effects occurred for sunlight treatment with local TW. We evidenced different degradation mechanisms for DTPMP depending on the presence of alkaline earth metals as we previously proposed for UV-treated DTPMP. However, both degradation mechanisms of DTPMP belong to the same degradation pathway determined with UV treatment. Therefore, we conclude that DTPMP undergoes a similar degradation pathway in sunlight as compared to UV light. KW - Photochemistry Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/solar2020009 SN - 2673-9941 VL - 2 IS - 2 SP - 141 EP - 157 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wachs, Sebastian A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Wettstein, Alexander A1 - Wright, Michelle F. A1 - Kansok-Dusche, Julia A1 - Krause, Norman A1 - Ballaschk, Cindy T1 - Associations Between Witnessing and Perpetrating Online Hate Speech Among Adolescents: Testing Moderation Effects of Moral Disengagement and Empathy T2 - Psychology of Violence N2 - Objective: The open expression of hatred, hostility, and violence against minorities has become a common online phenomenon. Adolescents are at particular risk of being involved in different hate speech roles (e.g., witness, perpetrator). However, the correlates of their involvement as perpetrators and the mechanisms that might explain their involvement in hate speech across different roles have not yet been thoroughly investigated. To this end, this study investigates moral disengagement and empathy as correlates of online hate speech perpetration and the moderation effects of empathy and moral disengagement in the relationship between witnessing and perpetrating online hate speech. Method: The sample consists of 3,560 7th to 9th graders from 40 schools in Germany and Switzerland. Self-report questionnaires were utilized to assess online hate speech involvement, moral dis- engagement, and empathy. Results: Multilevel regression analyses revealed that moral disengagement and witnessing online hate speech were positively associated with online hate speech perpetration, while empathy was negatively associated with it. The findings also showed that the positive relationship between witnessing and perpetrating online hate speech was stronger at higher levels of moral disengagement and weaker when moral disengagement was low. The association between witnessing and perpetrating online hate speech was weaker when adolescents had higher rather than lower levels of empathy. Conclusions: The findings underscore the need for prevention efforts to accelerate moral engagement and empathy as critical future directions in hate speech prevention. This study also contributes to our understanding of underlying mechanisms that explain adolescents’ involvement across different roles in hate speech. KW - hate speech KW - cyberhate KW - empathy KW - moral disengagement KW - adolescents Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1037/vio0000422 SN - 2152-0828 VL - 12 IS - 6 SP - 371 EP - 381 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Orgas, Steffen T1 - August Ferdinand Tornow (1781–1865) und die Aufklärung in Anklam T2 - Baltische Studien : Pommersche Jahrbücher für Landesgeschichte KW - Anklam KW - Pommern KW - August Ferdinand Tornow KW - Aufklärung KW - Ernst Moritz Arndt KW - Gymnasium Anklam KW - Schulwesen Y1 - 2022 SN - 0067-3099 VL - N.F., Bd. 107 SP - 121 EP - 152 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jokisch, Torsten A1 - Doynov, Nikolay A1 - Ossenbrink, Ralf A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Analysis of Local Strain Evolution during Electron Beam Welding of Hot Crack Sensitive Nickel Base Conventionally Cast Alloy 247 LC CC T2 - Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance N2 - Among different joining methods, the electron beam welding is recently applied for manufacturing of turbine components from temperature-resistant nickel-based conventionally cast Alloy 247 LC CC. However, the high tendency to hot cracking, in particular the formation of solidification cracks, remains a major challenge. Experiments indicate a significant reduction in hot cracks if the welding is performed outside the common welding parameter range. To understand these observations, a study of local thermo-mechanical conditions during electron beam welding of Alloy 247 samples was carried out using numerical simulations. The results were subsequently compared with reference test welds. For this purpose, a finite element model for coupled transient thermal and mechanical analysis was created and used. The work presents a comparative analysis of the evolution of strain components in brittle temperature range during cooling, considering the distribution and orientation of the cracks. Various relations between local strain kinetics and crack appearance, with notable influence of the plastic strain vector, were observed. Finally, the aspects of assessment of hot crack susceptibility with aid of thermo-mechanical welding simulation are discussed. KW - computational welding mechanics KW - electron beam welding KW - hot crack susceptibility KW - modeling of welding and joining KW - nickel-based alloys Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-022-06660-4 SN - 1544-1024 VL - 31 IS - 9 SP - 7009 EP - 7017 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kim, Samuel S. A1 - Craig, Wendy M. A1 - King, Nathan A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Cosma, Alina A1 - Molcho, Michal A1 - Qirjako, Gentiana A1 - Matos, Margarida G. de A1 - Augustine, Lilly A1 - Šmigelskas, Kastytis A1 - Pickett, William T1 - Bullying, Mental Health, and the Moderating Role of Supportive Adults: A Cross-National Analysis of Adolescents in 45 Countries T2 - International Journal of Public Health N2 - Objectives: Relationships with supportive adults during adolescence may be a protective factor that lowers the risks associated with bullying. The current study aimed to examine the moderating role of supportive adults in the associations between bullying involvement (in-person and cyber) and mental health problems (psychological symptoms and low life satisfaction). Methods: Data from 45 countries and regions taking part in the 2017/18 Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children study (N = 230,757) were used. Multivariable Poisson regression models were used to estimate relative risks of bullying on mental health. Effect estimates were compared across the number of supportive adults to examine a possible cumulative protective effect of relationships with supportive adults. Results: Bullying involvement was consistently associated with poor mental health across the 45 countries. Risk of mental health problems associated with bullying involvement was greatest among students reporting relationships with multiple supportive adults. This was true for all indicators of bullying involvement. Conclusion: Bullying remains a prevalent and harmful experience for youth worldwide. Merely having supportive adults is not sufficient in protecting youth from experiencing the mental health risks associated with bullying. KW - mental health KW - HBSC KW - bullying KW - cyberbullying KW - victimization KW - adult support KW - adolescents Y1 - 2022 UR - https://doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2022.1604264 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2022.1604264 SN - 1661-8564 VL - 67 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mannocci, Piergiulio A1 - Baroni, Andrea A1 - Melacarne, Enrico A1 - Zambelli, Cristian A1 - Olivo, Piero A1 - Pérez, Eduardo A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Ielmini, Daniele T1 - In-Memory Principal Component Analysis by Crosspoint Array of Rresistive Switching Memory T2 - IEEE Nanotechnology Magazine N2 - In Memory Computing (IMC) is one of the most promising candidates for data-intensive computing accelerators of machine learning (ML). A key ML algorithm for dimensionality reduction and classification is principal component analysis (PCA), which heavily relies on matrixvector multiplications (MVM) for which classic von Neumann architectures are not optimized. Here, we provide the experimental demonstration of a new IMCbased PCA algorithm based on power iteration and deflation executed in a 4-kbit array of resistive switching random-access memory (RRAM). The classification accuracy of the Wisconsin Breast Cancer data set reaches 95.43%, close to floatingpoint implementation. Our simulations indicate a 250× improvement in energy efficiency compared to commercial GPUs, thus supporting IMC for energy-efficient ML in modern data-intensive computing. KW - RRAM KW - Multilevel switching KW - neural network Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/MNANO.2022.3141515 SN - 1932-4510 VL - 16 IS - 2 SP - 4 EP - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tarifa, Pilar A1 - González-Castaño, Miriam A1 - Cazaña, F. A1 - Monzón, Antonio A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Development of one-pot Cu/cellulose derived carbon catalysts for RWGS reaction T2 - Fuel N2 - A series of Cu-based catalysts promoted with Fe, Ce and Al supported on cellulose derived carbon (CDC) was prepared by biomorphic mineralization technique for the RWGS reaction. The excellent Cu dispersions (7 nm at ca. 30 wt% Cu) along with the resilience toward metal sintering attained in the entire catalysts series highlight one-pot decomposition of cellulose under reducing atmosphere as an excellent synthesis method which enable obtaining well-dispersed Cu nanoparticles. The influence of incorporating a second metal oxide over biomorphic mineralized Cu systems was also investigated. With the Cu-Ce system exhibiting the best catalyst performance of the catalysts’ series, the enhanced catalyst performances were majorly ascribed to the catalysts redox properties. The lineal relationships stablished between oxygen exchange capacity and CO2 conversion rates remarks the employed sequential H2/CO2 cycles as an effective methodology for screening the catalytic performance of Cu catalysts for RWGS reaction. KW - RWGS KW - Cu catalysts KW - Oxygen exchange capacity KW - Cellulose derived carbon Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2022.123707 SN - 0016-2361 VL - Vol. 319 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Jonas A1 - Berghaus, Sandro A1 - Blessing, Frithjof A1 - Wenzel, Folker A1 - Herbeck, Holger A1 - Blessing, Josef A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk T1 - A semi-automated, isolation-free, high-throughput SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcriptase (RT) loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) test T2 - Scientific reports Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-00827-0 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 11 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Damptey, Frederick Gyasi A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Menor, Imma Oliveras A1 - Garcia de la Riva, Enrique T1 - The functional Structure of Tropical Plant Communities and soil Properties Enhance Ecosystem Functioning and Multitunctionality in Different Ecosystems in Ghana T2 - Forests N2 - Plant functional traits are useful in tracking changes in the environment, and play an important role in determining ecosystem functioning. The relationship between plant functional traits and ecosystem functioning remains unclear, although there is growing evidence on this relationship. In this study, we tested whether the functional structure of vegetation has significant effects on the provision of ecosystem services. We analysed plant trait composition (specific leaf area, leaf carbon and nitrogen ratio, isotopic carbon fraction, stem dry matter content, seed mass and plant height), soil parameters (nutrients, pH, bulk density) and proxies of ecosystem services (carbon stock, decomposition rate, invertebrate activity) in twenty-four plots in three tropical ecosystems (active restored and natural forests and an agroforestry system) in Ghana. For each plot, we measured above-ground biomass, decomposition rates of leaves and invertebrate activity as proxies for the provision of ecosystem services to evaluate (i) whether there were differences in functional composition and soil properties and their magnitude between ecosystem types. We further aimed to (ii) determine whether the functional structure and/or soil parameters drove ecosystem functions and multifunctionality in the three ecosystem types. For functional composition, both the leaf economic spectrum and seed mass dimension clearly separated the ecosystem types. The natural forest was more dominated by acquisitive plants than the other two ecosystem types, while the non-natural forests (agroforest and restored forest) showed higher variation in the functional space. The natural forest had higher values of soil properties than the restored forest and the agroforestry system, with the differences between the restored and agroforestry systems driven by bulk density. Levels of ecosystem service proxies and multifunctionality were positively related to the functional richness of forest plots and were mainly explained by the differences in site conditions. Our study demonstrated the effects of functional forest structure on ecosystem services in different forest ecosystems located in the semi-deciduous forest zone of Ghana. KW - functional traits KW - functional diversity KW - multifunctionality KW - plants KW - post-mining restorations KW - resource use strategies KW - tropical forest KW - West Africa Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/f13020297 SN - 1999-4907 VL - 13 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Welling, Malte A1 - Zawojska, Ewa A1 - Sagebiel, Julian T1 - Information, Consequentiality and Credibility in Stated Preference Surveys: A Choice Experiment on Climate Adaptation T2 - Environmental and Resource Economics Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10640-022-00675-0 SN - 1573-1502 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gerling, Charlotte A1 - Schöttker, Oliver A1 - Hearne, John T1 - Irreversible and partly reversible investments in the optimal reserve design problem: the role of flexibility under climate change T2 - MPRA paper Y1 - 2022 UR - https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/112089 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hecker, Lutz Philip A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Yang, Xueyan A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Squeeze it or leave it? An ecological-economic assessment of the impact of mower conditioners on arthropod populations in grassland T2 - Journal of Insect Conservation N2 - This study addresses the use of conditioners as a driver of arthropod loss in agricultural landscapes. Conditioners compress the freshly cut mowing material mechanically to destroy the evaporation-inhibiting wax layer of the grass material. This compression potentially increases the physical damage to several arthropod groups during the mowing process. We have combined an ecological field study on the impact of conditioners on arthropods at the plot level with an analysis of the economic rationale of applying conditioners in differently managed grasslands in the study region, in order to understand the impact of applying conditioners on the damage to arthropods at the landscape level. The use of conditioners in the mowing process significantly increased the overall percentage of damaged individuals by 18% from 52% without to 70% with conditioner use. Aphids and plant lice, beetles, thrips and mites were most severely affected by additional damage. We also found that the use of conditioners takes place on substantially more than 20% of all grasslands in the study region. Depending on the respective grassland area managed with conditioners in the future, grasslands could be losing an additional 4% to 18% of their overall arthropod numbers only due to the use of conditioners compared to a scenario without conditioners. As the damage due to the use of conditioners is presumably higher in extensively managed grasslands, and the profit of their use is higher in intensively managed grasslands, we suggest, as an implication for insect conservation, concentrating measures to disincentivise the use of conditioners on extensively managed grassland. KW - Biodiversity loss KW - Conditioner KW - Insect mortality KW - Mowing technology KW - Technological innovation KW - Insect extinction and conservation Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10841-022-00392-5 SN - 1572-9753 VL - 26 IS - 3 SP - 463 EP - 475 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Strobel, Carsten A1 - Alvarado Chavarin, Carlos A1 - Leszczynski, Sebastian A1 - Richter, Karola A1 - Knaut, Martin A1 - Reif, Johanna A1 - Völkel, Sandra A1 - Albert, Matthias A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Bartha, Johann Wolfgang A1 - Mikolajick, Thomas T1 - Improved Graphene-base Heterojunction Transistor with Different Collector Semi-conductors for High-frequency Applications T2 - Advanced Materials Letters N2 - A new kind of transistor device with a graphene monolayer embedded between two n-type silicon layers is fabricated and characterized. The device is called graphene-base heterojunction transistor (GBHT). The base-voltage controls the current of the device flowing from the emitter via graphene to the collector. The transit time for electrons passing by the ultrathin graphene layer is extremely short which makes the device very promising for high frequency RF-electronics. The output current of the device is saturated and clearly modulated by the base voltage. Further, the silicon collector of the GBHT is replaced by germanium to improve the device performance. This enabled the collector current to be increased by almost three orders of magnitude. Also, the common-emitter current gain (Ic/Ib) increased from 10-3 to approximately 0.3 for the newly designed device. However, the ON-OFF ratio of the improved germanium based GBHT has so far been rather low. Further optimizations are necessary in order to fully exploit the potential of the graphene-base heterojunction transistor. KW - Graphene KW - transistor Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5185/amlett.2022.011688 SN - 0976-3961 VL - 13 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rattay, Petra A1 - Blume, Miriam A1 - Wachtler, Benjamin A1 - Wollgast, Lina A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Hoffmann, Stephanie A1 - Sander, Lydia A1 - Herr, Raphael A1 - Herke, Max A1 - Reuter, Marvin A1 - Novelli, Anna A1 - Hövener, Claudia T1 - Socioeconomic position and self-rated health among female and male adolescents: The role of familial determinants in explaining health inequalities. Results of the German KiGGS study T2 - PloS one N2 - Objective Although health inequalities in adolescence are well documented, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Few studies have examined the role of the family in explaining the association between the family’s socioeconomic position and adolescents’ self-rated health. The current study aimed to explore whether the association between socioeconomic position and self-rated health was mediated by familial determinants. Methods Using data from wave 2 of the”German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents” (KiGGS) (1,838 female and 1,718 male 11- to 17-year-olds), linear regression analyses were conducted to decompose the total effects of income, education, occupational status, socioeconomic position index and adolescents’ subjective social status on self-rated health into direct effects and indirect effects through familial determinants (family cohesion, parental well-being, parental stress, parenting styles, parental obesity, smoking and sporting activity). Results A significant total effect of all socioeconomic position indicators on self-rated health was found, except for income in male adolescents. In female adolescents, more than 70% of the total effects of each socioeconomic position indicator were explained by familial mediators, whereas no significant direct effects remained. The most important mediator was parental well-being, followed by family cohesion, parental smoking and sporting activity. In male adolescents, the associations between income, parental education, the socioeconomic position index and subjective social status were also mediated by familial determinants (family cohesion, parental smoking, obesity and living in a single-mother family). However, a significant direct effect of subjective social status remained. Conclusion The analysis revealed how a family’s position of socioeconomic disadvantage can lead to poorer health in adolescents through different family practices. The family appears to play an important role in explaining health inequalities, particularly in female adolescents. Reducing health inequalities in adolescence requires policy interventions (macro-level), community-based strategies (meso-level) and programs to improve parenting and family functioning (micro-level). KW - Socioeconomic position KW - self-rated health KW - adolescents KW - familial determinants KW - health inequalities Y1 - 2022 UR - https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0266463 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0266463 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 17 IS - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Buras, Allan A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Scharnweber, Tobias A1 - Maaten, Ernst van der A1 - Cruz-García, Roberto A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Wilmking, Martin T1 - Reduced above-ground growth and wood density but increased wood chemical concentrations of Scots pine on relict charcoal hearths T2 - Science of The Total Environment N2 - Deciphering the drivers of tree growth is a central aim of dendroecology. In this context, soil conditions may play a crucial role, since they determine the availability of water and nutrients for trees. Yet, effects of systematically differing soil conditions on tree growth render a marginally studied topic. In this context, relict charcoal hearths (RCH) – a widespread legacy of anthropogenic charcoal production – render a valuable ‘natural’ experiment to study possible effects of artificially altered soil conditions on tree growth. We hypothesize, that the differing physico-chemical properties of RCH result in differing wood properties if compared to trees growing on unmodified soils. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed tree-growth, wood density, and wood elemental concentrations of Scots pine as well as physico-chemical soil properties. We applied a classic control-treatment design to compare RCH with unmodified soils. Our analyses identified significantly lower above-ground wood production but systematically higher wood elemental concentrations in RCH-trees compared to control trees. Since we could not identify treatment-specific growth patterns, we hypothesize the observed lower above-ground productivity of Scots pine to indicate an increased root-shoot ratio to compensate for a potentially lower plant water availability on RCH-sites. The observed higher wood elemental concentrations likely reflect higher soil elemental concentrations of Fe, Ca, K, and Mn in RCH soils. In conclusion, our study highlights diverse effects of RCH on tree growth and wood properties and strengthens the value of dendro-chemistry to use the tree-ring archive as proxy for soil conditions within a dendro-ecological context. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137189 SN - 1879-1026 SN - 0048-9697 VL - 717 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bartlitz, Christin A1 - Kolenda, Rafał A1 - Chilimoniuk, Jarosław A1 - Grzymajlo, Krzysztof A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Bauerfeind, Rolf A1 - Ali, Aamir A1 - Tchesnokovag, Veronika A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Schierack, Peter T1 - Adhesion of Enteropathogenic, Enterotoxigenic, and Commensal Escherichia coli to the Major Zymogen Granule Membrane Glyoprotein 2 T2 - Applied abd Environmental Microbiology Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1128/aem.02279-21 SN - 1098-5536 VL - 88 IS - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Szabo, Peter A1 - Meyer, Antoine A1 - Meier, Martin A1 - Motuz, Vasyl A1 - Sliavin, Yaraslau A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Simultaneous PIV and shadowgraph measurements of thermo-electrohydrodynamic convection in a differentially heated annulus T2 - Technisches Messen Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/teme-2021-0120 SN - 2196-7113 VL - 89 IS - 3 SP - 148 EP - 157 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meeß, Joachim A1 - Anasenzl, Manuel A1 - Ossenbrink, Ralf A1 - Michailov, Vesselin A1 - Singh, Reeti A1 - Kondas, Jan T1 - Cold Gas Spray Inner Diameter Coatings and Their Properties T2 - Journal of Thermal Spray Technology N2 - Due to recent developments, cold gas spraying technology can now be used to create inner diameter coatings for cylinder inner diameters > 70 mm. The present investigations focus on the process optimization and the specific properties of cold gas spray inner diameter coatings created with three different alloy steel powder variants. The cold gas spray coating properties were compared with the corresponding properties of coatings created with twin wire arc technology. The particle velocities and deposition efficiencies were measured with the aim of optimizing the process parameters. The most suitable process parameters were used to analyze the microstructure of the deposited coating in terms of porosity and interface quality. Furthermore, the hardness and adhesion strength properties of the coatings were measured. In addition, the different liners were honed, and the achievable surface roughness of each was determined. Finally, wear resistance was evaluated using ball-on-disk testing. The results reveal that with the maximum process parameters, the cold gas spray coating properties are comparable to the twin wire arc coating properties. Further investigations are necessary to determine whether cold gas spraying is a feasible alternative to the current series production process for cylinder surface coatings. KW - automotive KW - cold gas spraying (CGS) KW - cylinder block application KW - inner diameter coating KW - wear resistance Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-022-01365-5 SN - 1544-1016 VL - 31 SP - 1712 EP - 1724 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shapovalov, Oleg T1 - A Method of Electrodeless Contacting of a Piezo Material in a High-Temperature Resistant Ultrasonic Transducer for Use in the Immersion Technique in Electrically Conductive Liquids T2 - Instruments and Experimental Techniques N2 - This work presents the concept and testing of a new modification of a previously invented high-temperature resistant ultrasonic transducer for immersive thickness measurement. The modification lies in the removal of a front electrode and using the electrical conductivity of the surrounding liquid to transfer the electrical charge onto the liquid-contacted surface of a piezo actuator. By not using a front electrode the developed technology provides a considerable increase of the transducer sensitivity, as well as a significant improvement of the signal-to-noise ratio. Furthermore, it reduces the minimum measurable thickness by shortening the impulse due to minimization of the scattering of emitted signal caused by front electrode. Therefore, despite some isolated complications, which could arise in special cases of application of modified transducer, the presented concept provides an appreciable improvement of the measuring quality. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1134/S0020441222010201 SN - 0020-4412 VL - 65 IS - 1 SP - 175 EP - 178 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mirarchi, Giovanni A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Di Castro, Carlo A1 - Grilli, Marco A1 - Caprara, Sergio T1 - The Strange-Metal Behavior of Cuprates T2 - Condensed Matter N2 - Recent resonant X-ray scattering experiments on cuprates allowed to identify a new kind of collective excitations, known as charge density fluctuations, which have finite characteristic wave vector, short correlation length and small characteristic energy. It was then shown that these fluctuations provide a microscopic scattering mechanism that accounts for the anomalous transport properties of cuprates in the so-called strange-metal phase and are a source of anomalies in the specific heat. In this work, we retrace the main steps that led us to attributing a central role to charge density fluctuations in the strange-metal phase of cuprates, discuss the state of the art on the issue and provide an in-depth analysis of the contribution of charge density fluctuations to the specific heat. KW - high-temperature superconductors KW - cuprates KW - charge density fluctuations KW - strange metal KW - dynamical quantum criticality Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3896/7/1/29/htm U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/condmat7010029 SN - 2410-3896 VL - 7 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 17 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Eichenauer, Eva A1 - Ulrich, Peter T1 - „Für Tesla existiert die Grenze zwischen Berlin und Brandenburg nicht“: Territorialität und Grenzen bei Großprojektplanungen T2 - Borders in perspective - thematic issue N2 - Der Beitrag untersucht anhand der Tesla-Ansiedlung zwischen Berlin und der deutsch-polnischen Grenze, wie über Megaprojektplanungen Territorialität und Grenzziehungen in lokalen Medien konstruiert wird. Das Bauvorhaben der Tesla-Gigafactory in der ostbrandenburgischen Gemeinde Grünheide bei Berlin überschreitet Grenzen von Politik-, Verwaltungs- und Planungsräumen und schafft somit in mehrfacher Hinsicht grenzüberschreitende funktionale Räume. Der Artikel möchte einen Beitrag zum sozialräumlichen Verständnis der Regionalplanung und -entwicklung von Megaprojektansiedlungen in grenzüberschreitenden Regionen und regionalen Peripherien leisten. Dazu wird die Berichterstattung von drei Tageszeitungen aus Berlin, Ostbrandenburg und Westpolen analysiert und mit der Darstellung in offiziellen Planungsdokumenten gespiegelt. Es zeigt sich, dass Territorialität und Grenzen je nach medialem Öffentlichkeitsraum unterschiedlich konstruiert werden. Einerseits wird ein Wirtschaftsraum konstituiert, der nicht nur Gemeinde-, sondern auch Staatsgrenzen überschreitet. Andererseits sind Grenzziehungen und Abgrenzung essentieller Teil der Berichterstattung. N2 - This contribution examines how territoriality and boundaries in mega project planning are medially constructed by looking at the local media coverage of the Tesla Gigafactory in Grünheide, near Berlin. The mega project and its expected impacts not only transcends boundaries between the federal states of Berlin and Brandenburg but also the international border with Poland. It also crosses boundaries of administrative and planning spaces creating a multitude of cross-border functional spaces. To understand the socio-spatial implications of mega projects for regional planning and development the paper analysis the media coverage of three regional daily newspapers (Berlin, East Brandenburg, West Poland) and discusses it against the background of official planning documents. It shows that the construction of territoriality and borders is strikingly different in all three newspapers. On the one hand, an economic space is constructed that transcends not only community borders, but also nation states. On the other hand, we find that the delimitation and drawing of boundaries is an essential part of the media coverage. KW - Tesla KW - Medienanalyse KW - Metropolregion Berlin-Brandenburg KW - Polen KW - Raumplanung KW - Regionalentwicklung Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.25353/ubtr-xxxx-2d9a-9edb IS - 7 SP - 105 EP - 118 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Elogail, Yasmine A1 - Berkmann, Fritz A1 - Clausen, Caterina J. A1 - Fischer, Inga Anita A1 - Hänel, Linda A. A1 - Schwarz, Daniel A1 - Schulze, Jörg T1 - Investigation of Ge-Based P-Channel Planar-Doped Barrier FETs integrated on Si T2 - Microelectronics Journal Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mejo.2022.105404 SN - 1879-2391 VL - 123 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Xie, Yufang A1 - Birowska, Magdalena A1 - Funk, Hannes S. A1 - Fischer, Inga Anita A1 - Schwarz, Daniel A1 - Schulze, Jörg A1 - Zeng, Yu-Jia A1 - Helm, Manfred A1 - Zhou, Shengqiang A1 - Prucnal, Slawomir T1 - Tuning of Curie temperature in Mn5Ge3 films T2 - Journal of Applied Physics Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0066717 SN - 1089-7550 VL - 131 SP - 105102-1 EP - 105102-8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Riepin, Iegor A1 - Möbius, Thomas A1 - Müsgens, Felix T1 - Modelling uncertainty in coupled electricity and gas systems - is it worth the effort? T2 - Applied Energy N2 - The interdependence of electricity and natural gas markets is becoming a major topic in energy research. Integrated energy models are used to assist decision-making for businesses and policymakers addressing challenges of energy transition and climate change. The analysis of complex energy systems requires large-scale models, which are based on extensive databases, intertemporal dynamics and a multitude of decision variables. Integrating such energy system models results in increased system complexity. This complexity poses a challenge for energy modellers to address multiple uncertainties that affect both markets. Stochastic optimisation approaches enable an adequate consideration of uncertainties in investment and operation planning; however, stochastic modelling of integrated large-scale energy systems further scales the level of complexity. In this paper, we combine integrated and stochastic optimisation problems and parametrise our model for European electricity and gas markets. We analyse and compare the impact of uncertain input parameters, such as gas and electricity demand, renewable energy capacities and fuel and CO2 prices, on the quality of the solution obtained in the integrated optimisation problem. Our results quantify the value of encoding uncertainty as a part of a model. While the methodological contribution should be of interest for energy modellers, our findings are relevant for industry experts and stakeholders with an empirical interest in the European energy system. KW - Energy markets and pricing Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0306261920317426?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.116363 SN - 1872-9118 VL - 285 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Engelhorn, Thorsten A1 - Müsgens, Felix T1 - Why is Germany’s energy transition so expensive? Quantifying costs from wind energy decentralisation T2 - Resource and Energy Economics N2 - This paper discusses the efficiency of promotion schemes for renewable energy sources using the example of onshore wind energy in Germany. We analyse whether the scheme incentivised a cost-minimal capacity build-up by developing a model to derive two cost-minimal benchmark scenarios, which are then compared to the historical capacity build-up between 1995 and 2015. The costs of the two cost-minimising benchmark scenarios are significantly lower than those of the historical build-up. The benchmark cost reduction largely stems from greater efficiency—fewer turbines are being constructed overall but they are being placed at better wind sites so the annual production of wind energy remains unchanged. Hence, aggregated turbine land use is also significantly down in these scenarios. Furthermore, we compare costs for consumers, as protecting consumers from price discrimination of producers is sometimes used to justify higher payments for low-wind sites. However, our results show that the efficiency gain from building at high wind sites outweighs the distributional effect, even from a consumer’s perspective. KW - Energy markets and pricing Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0928765521000269 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reseneeco.2021.101241 SN - 1873-0221 VL - 65 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Antweiler, Werner A1 - Müsgens, Felix T1 - On the long-term merit order effect of renewable energies T2 - Energy Economics N2 - The merit order effect describes the lowering of the average wholesale electricity price due to increased capacity of renewable energies. This effect has been observed in many places. While it is beneficial for consumers, it has triggered concerns about the economic viability of legacy plants. Is this merit order effect a permanent feature of high shares of renewable energy, or merely a transitory phase? This article develops a simple theoretical model to shed light on this question. It introduces intermittent renewable energies into a conventional mix of base load and peak load and investigates the effect when base and peak load remain unchanged in the short-term, and when they fully adjust in the long-term. We find that the merit order effect is a temporary phenomenon that is caused by the slow pace of capacity adjustments. We also find that the introduction of renewables has a mild beneficial long-term effect when base load is provided monopolistically, as renewables compete with base load to a limited extent. Consequently, concerns about the adverse consequences for conventional power plants resulting from renewable capacity are only partially justified. While in the short-term the generation portfolio suffers from “stranded assets”, market forces will gradually reduce overcapacity. We also confirm that renewable expansion can be complemented by energy-only markets to incentivize efficient investment in conventional capacity. KW - Energy markets and pricing Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140988321001808?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2021.105275 SN - 0140-9883 SN - 1873-6181 VL - 99 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Unnewehr, Jan Frederick A1 - Jalbout, Eddy A1 - Jung, Christopher A1 - Schindler, Dirk A1 - Weidlich, Anke T1 - Getting more with less? Why repowering onshore wind farms does not always lead to more wind power generation – A German case study T2 - Renewable Energy N2 - The best wind locations are nowadays often occupied by old, less efficient and relatively small wind turbines. Many of them will soon reach the end of their operating lifetime, or lose financial support. Therefore, repowering comes to the fore. However, social acceptance and land use restrictions have been under constant change since the initial expansions, which makes less area available for new turbines, even on existing sites. For the example of Germany, this study assesses the repowering potential for onshore wind energy in high detail, on the basis of regionally differentiated land eligibility criteria. The results show that under the given regional criteria, repowering will decrease both operating capacity and annual energy yield by roughly 40% compared to the status quo. This is because around half of the wind turbines are currently located in restricted areas, given newly enacted exclusion criteria. Sensitivity analyses on the exclusion criteria show that the minimum distance to discontinuous urban fabric is the most sensitive criterion in determining the number of turbines that can be repowered. As regulations on this can vary substantially across different regions, the location-specific methodology chosen here can assess the repowering potential more realistically than existing approaches. KW - Energy markets and pricing Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960148121012167?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2021.08.056 SN - 0960-1481 SN - 1879-0682 VL - 180 SP - 245 EP - 257 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Riepin, Iegor A1 - Müsgens, Felix T1 - Seasonal flexibility in the European natural gas market T2 - The Energy Journal N2 - This paper focuses on seasonal demand swings in the European natural gas market. We quantify and compare the role of different flexibility options (domestic production, gas storage, and pipeline and LNG imports) to assess European demand fluctuations in monthly resolution. We contribute to the existing literature on seasonal flexibility by addressing the problem with a mathematical gas market optimization model. Our paper provides valuable empirical insights into the decline of gas production in northwestern Europe. Furthermore, we focus on how specific flexibility features differ between pipeline supplies and LNG supplies and between gas imports and storage dispatch. In terms of methodology, we construct a bottom-up market optimization model and publish the complete source code (which is uncommon for gas market models). Furthermore, we propose a new metric—the scaled coefficient of variation—to quantify the importance of supply sources for seasonal flexibility provision. KW - Energy markets and pricing Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.iaee.org/energyjournal/article/3779 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5547/01956574.43.1.irie SN - 1944-9089 SN - 0195-6574 VL - 43 IS - 1 SP - 117 EP - 138 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nikodinoska, Dragana A1 - Käso, Mathias A1 - Müsgens, Felix T1 - Solar and wind power generation forecasts using elastic net in time-varying forecast combinations T2 - Applied Energy N2 - Precise renewable energy feed-in forecasts are essential for an effective and efficient integration of renewables into energy systems, and research contributions that help to reduce the uncertainty related to renewables are in high demand. This importance will increase in the future, as renewable energies are the world’s fastest growing electricity generation capacities. Forecast combinations have been empirically proven to outperform individual forecasting models in many disciplines. Our work uses an elastic net method, with cross-validation and rolling window estimation, in the context of renewable energy forecasts. Namely, the forecast combinations are obtained using regional data from Germany for both solar photovoltaic and wind feed-in during the period 2010–2018, with quarter-hourly frequency. The dynamic elastic net estimation, preceded by dynamic data pre-processing, improves forecasting accuracy for both photovoltaic and wind power feed-in forecasts. Moreover, our forecasting framework outperforms benchmarks such as simple average and individual forecasts. Our forecasting framework can be applied widely to estimate renewable power in other countries, systems, or individual power plants. KW - Energy markets and pricing Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.117983 SN - 1872-9118 VL - 306, Part A ER - TY - GEN A1 - Engelhorn, Thorsten A1 - Möbius, Thomas T1 - On the Development of Wind Market Values and the Influence of Technology and Weather: a German Case Study T2 - Zeitschrift für Energiewirtschaft N2 - Research into renewable energy market values is a popular field in energy economics. However, most contributions abstract from market values being highly individual and mostly study (nationwide) averages, usually based on a single or a “normal” wind year, if specifying wind conditions at all, and a limited set of technologies. However, market values of renewable energy resources are not monolithic but highly diverse. In this article, to shed light on this diversity, we illustrate the historical development of onshore wind’s market value in Germany, from 2001 to 2019, for the fleet and all operating wind energy converters. We use highly granular wind speed data and a comprehensive database of wind capacities. Our results show the downward trend, the distributions, and the variance of market values. In this context, we explain why the performance of a single wind energy converter (compared to the fleet’s performance) matters in the market premium model. Hereby, we also assess the magnitude of the outperformance of technologically advanced wind turbines as compared to less advanced turbines. In the second part of our research, we analyse the effect of the inter-annual weather variability on wholesale electricity prices, and market values. Our analysis is based on 19 different years of wind speeds, corresponding offshore and solar infeed, and an electricity market model to generate weather-congruent wholesale electricity prices. KW - Energy markets and pricing Y1 - 2022 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12398-022-00319-2 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12398-022-00319-2 SN - 1866-2765 VL - 46 IS - 1 SP - 61 EP - 83 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gonzalez-Juarez, Maria de Lourdes A1 - Morales, Carlos A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo A1 - Flores, Eduardo A1 - Martin-Gonzalez, Marisol A1 - Nandhakumar, Iris A1 - Bradshaw, Darren T1 - Tunable Carrier Type of a Semiconducting 2D Metal–Organic Framework Cu3(HHTP)2 T2 - ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces N2 - In this work, a switch from n-type to p-type conductivity in electrodeposited Cu3(2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenylene)2 [Cu3(HHTP2)] has been observed, which is most likely due to oxygen molecular doping. The synthesis of electrically conductive 2D metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) has been achieved through the introduction of highly conjugated organic linkers coordinated to their constituent metal-ion centers. However, the porous structure and unsaturated metal sites in MOFs make them susceptible to ambient adsorbates, which can affect their charge transport properties. This phenomenon has been experimentally investigated by GIXRD, Hall effect and Seebeck measurements, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. KW - conducting KW - metal-organic frameworks KW - molecular doping KW - n-type KW - p-type Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.2c00089 SN - 1944-8244 SN - 1944-8252 VL - 14 IS - 10 SP - 12404 EP - 12411 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Yangwen A1 - Schauer, Thomas A1 - Bleicher, Achim T1 - Optimized passive/semi-active vibration control using distributed-multiple tuned facade damping system in tall buildings T2 - Journal of Building Engineering N2 - To reduce wind-induced vibrations, Tuned Mass Dampers (TMD) are widely used in high-rise buildings. However, traditional TMD system requires large additional damping mass and huge installation space at the top floors of the building. In this paper, a novel distributed-Multiple Tuned Facade Damping (d-MTFD) system is investigated. This system employs the outer skin mass of the Double-Skin Facade (DSF) as the damping mass. In the upper stories, the DSF’s outer skin, mounted on a guide rail system, is designed to be parallel moveable. The passive/semi-active d-MTFD system, which is assumed to be installed on a 76-story benchmark building under across-wind excitation, is optimized using multi-objective Genetic Algorithms (GA) for two defined objectives: minimizing the peak top floor acceleration and controlling the maximum peak relative displacement of all the moveable DSF’s outer skins. On-off groundhook control and displacement-reducing bang-bang control are used as semi-active control strategies. The rolling friction caused by the guide rail system has a considerable impact on the optimization results. These results are presented in the form of Pareto fronts. Optimized parameters can be selected to yield a good trade-off between both objectives. The optimized passive/semi-active d-MTFD systems can highly improve the structural response. Compared with the optimized passive d-MTFD system, the use of semi-active control can reduce the vibration of the DSF’s outer skin significantly. Comparing the selected optimized cases with similar peak top floor acceleration, the peak top floor facade relative displacement using displacement-reducing bang-bang control decreases 58.3%, and the Root Mean Square (RMS) value decreases 61.4%. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352710222004296 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2022.104416 SN - 2352-7102 VL - 52 SP - 104416 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rakhi, Rakhi A1 - Günther, Vivien A1 - Richter, Jana A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - Steam reforming of methane over nickel catalyst using a one-dimensional model T2 - International Journal of Environmental Sciences N2 - Steam reforming of hydrocarbons is a well established chemical process which provides synthesis gas (H2 and CO). These synthesis products can hence be converted to numerous valuable basic chemicals. For the industrial application of steam reforming, a detailed understanding of the process is a prerequisite. Models that capture the detailed homogeneous and heterogeneous reaction kinetics and the comprehensive transport processes as well as their interaction have the potential to optimize the catalytic process without expensive experimental campaigns. In this paper, a detailed investigation has been done using a multi-step reaction mechanism for modeling steam reforming of methane over nickel-based catalyst using a one-dimensional (1D) model, LOGEcat [1]. The model is applicable to the simulation of all standard after-treatment catalytic processes of combustion exhaust gas along with other chemical processes involving heterogeneous catalysis, such as, the Sabatier process [27]. It is a 1D tool, thus is computationally cost effective and is based on a series of perfectly stirred reactors (PSR). The model is used to perform the simulations for various reactor conditions in terms of temperature, pressure, flow rates and steam-to-carbon (S/C) ratio. Several chemical reaction terms, such as, selectivity, yield, conversion, and mole fraction have been shown with respect to the varied parameters and the results are compared with 2D simulations and experimental reference data. We report a very good agreement of the various profiles produced with 1D model as compared to the reference data. Note that the main aim of this study is to check how far the 1D model can capture the basic chemistry for modeling steam reforming of methane over nickel-based catalysts. It is interesting to note that the cost effective reduced order model is capable to capture the physics and chemistry involved with a multi-step reaction mechanism showing the predictive capability of the model. This study forms the basis for further analysis towards the thermochemistry of the species to develop a kinetically consistent reaction mechanism. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.iprjb.org/journals/index.php/IJES/article/view/1520/1605 U6 - https://doi.org/10.47604/ijes.1520 SN - 2519-5549 VL - 5 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 32 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Suawa Fogou, Priscile A1 - Meisel, Tenia A1 - Jongmanns, Marcel A1 - Hübner, Michael A1 - Reichenbach, Marc T1 - Modeling and Fault Detection of Brushless Direct Current Motor by Deep Learning Sensor Data Fusion T2 - Sensors Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/s22093516 SN - 1424-8220 VL - 22 IS - 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Djoudi, El Aziz A1 - Schnerch, Benjamin A1 - Michalko, Radek T1 - Climatic conditions and functional traits affect spider diets in agricultural and non-agricultural habitats worldwide T2 - Ecography N2 - Spiders are dominant predators in terrestrial ecosystems and feed on prey from the herbivore and detritivore subsystem (dual subsystem omnivory) as well as on other predators (intraguild predation). Little is known about how global change potentially affects the importance of different prey groups in predator diets. In this meta-analysis we identify the impact of climatic conditions, land-use types and functional traits of spider species on the relative importance of Hemiptera, Araneae and Collembola prey in spider diets. We use a dataset including 78 publications with 149 observational records of the diet composition of 96 spider species in agricultural and non-agricultural habitats in 24 countries worldwide. The importance of Hemiptera prey was not affected by climatic conditions and was particularily high in smaller spider species in agricultural habitats. Araneae prey was most important for actively hunting, larger spider species in non-agricultural habitats. Collembola prey was most important for small, actively hunting spider species in regions with higher temperature seasonality. Spider species with a higher importance of Araneae prey for their diet also had higher importances of Collembola and lower importances of Hemiptera prey. Future increases of temperature seasonality predicted for several regions worldwide may go along with an increasing importance of Collembola prey which also related to a higher importance of intraguild prey here. Two global change drivers predicted for many regions of the world (increasing climatic seasonality and ongoing conversion of non-agricultural to agricultural land) both hold the potential to increase the importance of Collembola prey in spider diets. The importance of Hemiptera and Araneae prey may however show contrasting responses to these two drivers. These complex potential effects of global change components and their impact on functional traits in spider communities highlight the importance to simultaneously consider multiple drivers of global change to better understand future predator–prey interactions. KW - alternative prey KW - biological control KW - climate change KW - intraguild predation KW - land-use change KW - predator–prey interactions Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.06090 SN - 1600-0587 IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kidron, Giora J. A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Xiao, Bo T1 - The ambivalent effect of biocrusts on evaporation: Can the contradictory conclusions be explained? A review T2 - Geoderma Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2022.115805 SN - 1872-6259 VL - Vol. 416 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Carsten A1 - Kammel, Anne A1 - Tanner, Julian A. A1 - Kinghorn, Andrew B. A1 - Khan, Muhammad Moman A1 - Lehmann, Werner A1 - Menger, Marcus A1 - Schedler, Uwe A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Rödiger, Stefan T1 - A Multiparametic Fluorescence Assay for Screening Aptamer-Protein Interactions Based on Microbeads T2 - Scientific Reports Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-06817-0 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Küpper, Christoph A1 - Rösch, Janina J. A1 - Winkler, Herwig T1 - Empirical findings for the usage of 5G as a basis for real time locating systems (RTLS) in the automotive industry T2 - Procedia CIRP Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2022.05.146 SN - 2212-8271 VL - 107 SP - 1287 EP - 1292 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tschorn, Mira A1 - Schulze, Susanne A1 - Förstner, Bernd R. A1 - Holmberg, Christine A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Heinz, Andreas A1 - Rapp, Michael A. T1 - Predictors and prevalence of hazardous alcohol use in middle-late to late adulthood in Europe T2 - Aging & Mental Health N2 - Objectives: Even low to moderate levels of alcohol consumption can have detrimental health consequences, especially in older adults (OA). Although many studies report an increase in the proportion of drinkers among OA, there are regional variations. Therefore, we examined alcohol consumption and the prevalence of hazardous alcohol use (HAU) among men and women aged 50+ years in four European regions and investigated predictors of HAU. Methods: We analyzed data of N = 35,042 participants of the European SHARE study. We investigated differences in alcohol consumption (units last week) according to gender, age and EU-region using ANOVAs. Furthermore, logistic regression models were used to examine the effect of income, education, marital status, history of a low-quality parent–child relationship and smoking on HAU, also stratified for gender and EU-region. HAU was operationalized as binge drinking or risky drinking (<12.5 units of 10 ml alcohol/week). Results: Overall, past week alcohol consumption was 5.0 units (±7.8), prevalence of HAU was 25.4% within our sample of European adults aged 50+ years. Male gender, younger age and living in Western Europe were linked to both higher alcohol consumption and higher risks of HAU. Income, education, smoking, a low-quality parent–child relationship, living in Northern and especially Eastern Europe were positively associated with HAU. Stratified analyses revealed differences by region and gender. Conclusions: HAU was highly prevalent within this European sample of OA. Alcohol consumption and determinants of HAU differed between EU-regions, hinting to a necessity of risk-stratified population-level strategies to prevent HAU and subsequent alcohol use disorders. KW - Hazardous alcohol use KW - older adults KW - middle-aged adults KW - Europe KW - drug and alcohol abuse KW - cross-national/international studies KW - environmental factors/housing/rural-urban factors KW - epidemiology KW - mental health Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/epub/10.1080/13607863.2022.2076208?needAccess=true U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2022.2076208 SN - 1364-6915 VL - 27 (2023) IS - 5 SP - 1001 EP - 1010 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Amirov, Fariz A1 - Simon, Sylvio A1 - Wichmann, Steffen A1 - Amirli, Samir A1 - Fraňa, Karel T1 - Determining the Accuracy of Water Pressure Processing using 3D Scanning T1 - Определение точности измерений при обработке давлением воды с использованием 3D-сканирования T2 - HERALD of the Azerbaijan Engineering Academy N2 - The article provides the results of the study of manufacturing tolerances in waterjet cutting by the method of three-dimensional (3D) measurements: shape deviations were shown by three-dimensional comparison of scanned samples. The dimensions were also measured using two-dimensional (2D) sections of the scanned samples. It has been determined that the clean waterjet cutting tends to separate soft materials such as plastic, foil, foam or paper, as well as food. Unlike the pure waterjet cutting, the abrasive cutting is used for hard materials such as steel, ceramics, glass. The optimal pressure for material processing has been calculated. Particular emphasis is placed on the separation of composite materials, which cannot be satisfactorily accomplished using conventional methods. N2 - В статье приведены результаты исследования производственных допусков при водоструйной резке методом трехмерных (3D) измерений: отклонения формы были показаны путем трехмерного справнения отсканированных образцов. Размеры были измерены также с использованием двухмерных (2D) срезов отсканированных образцов. Определено, что чистая водоструйная резка имеет тенденцию отделять мягкие материалы, такие как пластмасса, фольга, пена или бумага, а также пища. В отличие от чистой водоструйной резки, абразивная резка используется для твердых материалов, таких как сталь, керамика, стекло. Вычислено оптимальное давление для обработки материалов. Особое значение уделено разделению композитных материалов, которое не может быть удовлетворительно осуществлено с использованием обычных методов. KW - 3D Scanning KW - Water Pressure Processing KW - Clean Waterjet Cutting KW - Measurement of Manufacturing Accuracy Y1 - 2021 UR - http://www.ama.com.az/category/journal/ SN - 2076-0515 SN - 2789-8245 VL - 13 IS - 3 SP - 38 EP - 44 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pilecky, Matthias A1 - Kämmer, Samuel K. A1 - Mathieu-Resuge, Margaux A1 - Wassenaar, Leonard I. A1 - Taipale, Sami J. A1 - Martin-Creuzburg, Dominik A1 - Kainz, Martin J. T1 - Hydrogen isotopes (δ2H) of polyunsaturated fatty acids track bioconversion by zooplankton T2 - Functional Ecology KW - bioconversion KW - compound-specific stable isotopes Y1 - 2022 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/fwb.13888 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.13981 SN - 1365-2435 VL - 36 IS - 3 SP - 538 EP - 549 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Heinrich, Christoph Rocky A1 - Unglaube, Tina A1 - Beirow, Bernd A1 - Brillert, Dieter A1 - Steff, Klaus A1 - Petry, Nico T1 - Surrogate Models for the Prediction of Damping Ratios in Coupled Acoustoelastic Rotor-Cavity Systems T2 - Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power N2 - Centrifugal compressors are versatile machines that many industries employ for a wide range of different applications, including the production of highly compressed gases. During the last decades, comprehensive research was conducted on the impact of high-pressure operating conditions on the vibrational behavior of radial compressors. In various studies, acoustic modes building up in the side cavities were found to be a potential source of high cycle fatigue. Nowadays, it is well-known that an increase in gas pressure levels leads to a more pronounced fluid-structure interaction between the side cavities and the impeller resulting in a frequency shift of the acoustic and structural modes. In a recently published paper, the authors presented a generalized model which can predict this behavior. As it is not always possible to avoid operating close to or accelerating through a resonance, it is crucial to know the damping present within the system. Currently, only a few publications concentrate on the damping of radial impellers. Therefore, the authors present measurement data acquired from a test rig at the University of Duisburg-Essen, which reveals the damping behavior of a disk under varying operating conditions. Two surrogate models are proposed to predict the identified damping behavior. The first one is based solely on a one-dimensional piston model and the second approach uses an enhanced version of the generalized method. Finally, the measurement data is used to validate both surrogate systems. KW - Cavities KW - Damping KW - Rotors KW - Acoustics Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4054567 SN - 1528-8919 N1 - GTP-21-1478 VL - 144 IS - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Khan, Naveed Ahmad A1 - Michalk, Silke A1 - Sarachuk, Kirill A1 - Hafiz, Ali Javed T1 - If You Aim Higher Than You Expect, You Could Reach Higher Than You Dream: Leadership and Employee Performance T2 - Economies N2 - Leadership is about lifting a person’s vision, raising their productivity to higher standards and creating a personality beyond their usual capabilities. Our study examines the Pygmalion effect and leader-member exchange (LMX) on employee task performance via organizational commitment. The data was collected from 280 middle-level managers from top ten banks in Pakistan. This study offers three main contributions to the literature. First, our results discover a strong link between the Pygmalion effect, LMX and employees’ task performance through mediation of organizational commitment. Secondly, our study indicates that leaders should have higher quality relationships with employees and higher task performance expectations. Finally, most previous studies focused on leadership approaches or have been conducted in western developed countries. To our knowledge, this study is a unique contribution to the literature on leaders’ expectations in changing and diverse environments, as in underdeveloped countries like Pakistan. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7099/10/6/123 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/economies10060123 SN - 2227-7099 VL - 10 IS - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Babot, Esteban D. A1 - Aranda, Carmen A1 - Kiebist, Jan A1 - Scheibner, Katrin A1 - Ullrich, René A1 - Hofrichter, Martin A1 - Martínez, Angel T. A1 - Gutierrez, Ana T1 - Enzymatic Epoxidation of Long-Chain Terminal Alkenes by Fungal Peroxygenases T2 - Antioxidants N2 - Terminal alkenes are among the most attractive starting materials for the synthesis of epoxides, which are essential and versatile intermediate building blocks for the pharmaceutical, flavoring, and polymer industries. Previous research on alkene epoxidation has focused on the use of several oxidizing agents and/or different enzymes, including cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, as well as microbial whole-cell catalysts that have several drawbacks. Alternatively, we explored the ability of unspecific peroxygenases (UPOs) to selectively epoxidize terminal alkenes. UPOs are attractive biocatalysts because they are robust extracellular enzymes and only require H2O2 as cosubstrate. Here, we show how several UPOs, such as those from Cyclocybe (Agrocybe) aegerita (AaeUPO), Marasmius rotula (MroUPO), Coprinopsis cinerea (rCciUPO), Humicola insolens (rHinUPO), and Daldinia caldariorum (rDcaUPO), are able to catalyze the epoxidation of long-chain terminal alkenes (from C12:1 to C20:1) after an initial optimization of several reaction parameters (cosolvent, cosubstrate, and pH). In addition to terminal epoxides, alkenols and other hydroxylated derivatives of the alkenes were formed. Although all UPOs were able to convert and epoxidize the alkenes, notable differences were observed between them, with rCciUPO being responsible for the highest substrate turnover and MroUPO being the most selective with respect to terminal epoxidation. The potential of peroxygenases for epoxidizing long-chain terminal alkenes represents an interesting and green alternative to the existing synthesis technologies. KW - Peroxygenase KW - oxyfunctionalization KW - epoxidation KW - terminal alkenes KW - epoxides Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/11/3/522 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11030522 SN - 2076-3921 VL - 11 IS - 3 SP - 1 EP - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Isanta-Navarro, Jana A1 - Klauschies, Toni A1 - Wacker, Alexander A1 - Martin-Creuzburg, Dominik T1 - A sterol-mediated gleaner–opportunist trade-off underlies the evolution of grazer resistance to cyanobacteria T2 - Proceedings of the Royal Society : Series B, Biological sciences KW - Toxicity Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2022.0178 SN - 1471-2954 VL - 289 IS - 1974 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meyer, Roland A1 - Lehmuskallio, Asko T1 - Experimental indices: Situational assemblages of facial recognition T2 - MAST: The Journal of Media Art, Study and Theory Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.mast-journal.org/vol-3-no-1-2022 SN - 2691-1566 VL - 3 IS - 1 SP - 85 EP - 112 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Amirli, Samir A1 - Fritzsche, Pascal Dirk A1 - Abbasov, Ilgar A1 - Wichmann, Steffen A1 - Simon, Sylvio A1 - Amirov, Fariz A1 - Mammadov, Arastun T1 - The İmpact of High Speed Mechanical Processing Efficiency on the Production Process T1 - Влияние высокоскоростной механической обработки на производственный процесс T2 - HERALD of the Azerbaijan Engineering Academy N2 - The main purpose of the article is to increase productivitiy, reduce processing time and the same time increase the cutting speed. The results are also displayed in Excel using a number of cutting parameters. For this purpose, the article shows the results of both high-speed milling and high-speed turning of a machine with different types of tools, as well as processing of one tool on different types of machines. Unlike other machines, in general, the work on the machines of universal processing centers turned out to be more productive. The feed rate of the machine tools is the focus area here. If we increase cutting values, then the tool life is reduced and that leads to higher tool costs. With universal high-performance machines we cannot save costs for tools (we can only save machine tool costs). Compared to universal high-performance machines, we can save tool costs with Universal Machining Center. Therefore, it is suggested to the machining with the universal machining center, although the machining time and cutting time is faster with the universal high-performance machine. N2 - В статье показаны результаты как высокоскоростной фрезерной, так и высокоскоростной токарной обработки станка с разными типами инструментов, а также обработки одного инструмента на разных типах станков. В отличие от других станков, работа на станках универсальных обрабатывающих центров оказалась более производительной. В центре внимания здесь скорости подачи станков. Если мы увеличиваем параметры резания, то срок службы инструмента снижается, что приводит к увеличению затрат на инструмент. С универсальными высокопроизводительными станками мы не можем сэкономить на инструментах (мы можем сэкономить только на станках). По сравнению с универсальными высокопроизводительными станками, мы можем сэкономить на инструментальных средствах с помощью универсального обрабатывающего центра. Поэтому рекомендуется выполнять обработку на универсальном обрабатывающем центре, хотя время обработки и время резки меньше на универсальном высокопроизводительном станке. KW - Energy efficiency KW - High speed mechanical processing KW - Production KW - Neseff Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.52171/2076-0515_2022_14_01_41_51 SN - 2076-0515 SN - 2789-8245 VL - 14 IS - 1 SP - 41 EP - 51 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dadaczynski, Kevin A1 - Rathmann, Katharina A1 - Schricker, Julia A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Sudeck, Gorden A1 - Fischer, Saskia M. A1 - Janiczek, Oliver A1 - Quilling, Eike T1 - Digitale Gesundheitskompetenz von Schülerinnen und Schülern. Ausprägung und Assoziationen mit dem Bewegungs- und Ernährungsverhalten T2 - Bundesgesundheitsblatt N2 - Hintergrund. Während vermehrt Studienbefunde zur allgemeinen Gesundheitskompetenz (GK) vorliegen, mangelt es an Erkenntnissen zur digitalen GK im Jugendalter und deren Assoziationen mit Indikatoren des Gesundheitsverhaltens. Methodik. Empirische Basis bildet eine von Oktober 2019 bis Februar 2020 im Bundesland Hessen durchgeführte Querschnittstudie mit 490 Schülerinnen und Schülern der Klassenstufe 8 und 9. Die digitale GK wurde mithilfe von 5 Subskalen des Digital Health Literacy Instrument (DHLI) erfasst, während der Verzehr von Obst, Gemüse und Softdrinks sowie die körperliche Aktivität als Indikatoren des Gesundheitsverhaltens herangezogen wurden. Als soziales Merkmal wurde neben dem Geschlecht und der Klassenstufe der subjektive Sozialstatus (SSS) berücksichtigt. Die Datenauswertung erfolgte uni-, bi- und multivariat, wobei binärlogistische Regressionen für das Geschlecht und den SSS adjustiert wurden. Ergebnisse. Über alle Items hinweg berichten 15,3–37,5 % der befragten Jugendlichen Schwierigkeiten bei der Beschaffung von und im Umgang mit digitalen Informationen. Differenziert nach sozialen Merkmalen finden sich für 2 Dimensionen der digitalen GK Unterschiede zuungunsten der Mädchen sowie durchgehend ein sozialer Gradient zuungunsten von Befragten mit niedrigem SSS. Jugendliche mit mittlerer und geringer digitaler GK weisen ein höheres Maß an geringer körperlicher Aktivität, nichttäglichem Obstverzehr und täglichem Konsum von zuckerhaltigen Getränken auf. Diskussion. Die Befunde weisen auf einen Interventionsbedarf zur Förderung der digitalen GK insbesondere bei Jugendlichen mit geringem SSS hin. Die differenziellen Zusammenhangsmuster mit dem Gesundheitsverhalten bieten Ansatzpunkte für die Entwicklung spezifischer Interventionen. Als Lehr- und Lernort stellt die Schule u. a. aufgrund der Passung mit verpflichtenden Strategien der schulischen Medienkompetenzbildung ein geeignetes Setting dar. KW - Gesundheitsinformationen KW - Digital Public Health KW - Jugendgesundheit KW - Obst- und Gemüsekonsum KW - Körperliche Aktivität Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-022-03548-5 SN - 1436-9990 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gailing, Ludger T1 - Die Nicht-Linearität und Räumlichkeit der Energiewende verstehen. Institutionen, Materialität, Macht und Raum T2 - Informationen zur Raumentwicklung Y1 - 2022 UR - https://elibrary.steiner-verlag.de/article/99.105010/izr202201002601 SN - 0303-2493 SN - 2698-8410 VL - 49 IS - 1 SP - 26 EP - 35 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Geyer, Thomas T1 - Effect of a porous coating on the vortex shedding noise of a cylinder in turbulent flow T2 - Applied Acoustics Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0003682X22002080?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2022.108834 SN - 0003-682X VL - 195 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schreckinger, José A1 - Mutz, Michael A1 - Mendoza-Lera, Clara T1 - When water returns: Drying history shapes respiration and nutrients release of intermittent river sediment T2 - Science of The Total Environment KW - Ammonium KW - DOC Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155950 SN - 1879-1026 VL - 838 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nasser, Caram A1 - Luo, Peng A1 - Schnieder, Frank A1 - Rudolph, Matthias A1 - Ritter, Dan T1 - Simulation of the RF Power Performance of a GaN HFET and Comparison to Experiment T2 - IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TED.2019.2907484 SN - 0018-9383 SN - 1557-9646 VL - 66 IS - 5 SP - 2146 EP - 2150 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Griebel, Wolfgang A1 - Rudolph, Matthias A1 - Rohde, Ulrich L. T1 - Added Noise in Oscillators Caused by the Transistor Base Emitter Breakdown Phenomenon T2 - IETE Journal of Research Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/03772063.2020.1847702 SN - 0974-780X SP - 1 EP - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shipley, J. Ryan A1 - Twining, Cornelia W. A1 - Mathieu-Resuge, Margaux A1 - Parmar, Tarn Preet A1 - Kainz, Martin J. A1 - Martin-Creuzburg, Dominik A1 - Weber, Christine A1 - Winkler, David W. A1 - Graham, Catherine H. A1 - Matthews, Blake T1 - Climate change shifts the timing of nutritional flux from aquatic insects T2 - Current Biology KW - phenology KW - mismatch KW - nutrition Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2022.01.057 SN - 1342-1349 VL - 32 IS - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Octorina, Pelita A1 - Böhm, Alexander A1 - Martin-Creuzburg, Dominik A1 - Straile, Dietmar T1 - Morphological defences and defence–cost trade-offs in Daphnia in response to two co-occurring invertebrate predators T2 - Freshwater Biology KW - morphological defences KW - multi-predator environment Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/fwb.13888 SN - 1365-2427 VL - 67 IS - 5 SP - 883 EP - 892 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Castellani, Claudio A1 - Lorenzana, José T1 - Adiabatic transition from a BCS superconductor to a Fermi liquid and phase dynamics T2 - Physical Review B N2 - We investigate the physics of an adiabatic transition from a BCS superconductor to a Fermi liquid for an exponentially slow decreasing pairing interaction. We show that, depending on the order of the thermodynamic limit and large times, a situation can arise in which the Fermi liquid keeps a memory of the parent BCS state. Furthermore, a time inversion of the interaction, supplemented by a manipulation analogous to a spin-/photon-echo experiment, allows us to recover the parent BCS state. Moreover, we study the evolution of the order parameter phase ϕ in transforming the BCS superconductor to a conventional metal. Since the global phase is the conjugate variable of the density, we explicitly show how to use the dynamics of ϕ together with gauge invariance to build up the noninteracting chemical potential away from particle-hole symmetry. We further analyze the role of ϕ in restoring the gauge-invariant current response when the noninteracting Fermi liquid is approached starting from a BCS superconductor in the presence of an external vector field. KW - Superconductivity KW - Nonequilibrium systems KW - Adiabatic approximation KW - BCS theory KW - Gauge symmetries KW - Variational approach Y1 - 2022 UR - https://journals.aps.org/prb/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevB.105.184513 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.105.184513 SN - 2469-9969 VL - 105 IS - 18 SP - 184513-1 EP - 184513-14 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mahadevaiah, Mamathamba Kalishettyhalli A1 - Pérez, Eduardo A1 - Lisker, Marco A1 - Schubert, Markus Andreas A1 - Perez-Bosch Quesada, Emilio A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Mai, Andreas T1 - Modulating the Filamentary-Based Resistive Switching Properties of HfO2 Memristive Devices by Adding Al2O3 Layers T2 - Electronics : open access journal N2 - The resistive switching properties of HfO2 based 1T-1R memristive devices are electrically modified by adding ultra-thin layers of Al2O3 into the memristive device. Three different types of memristive stacks are fabricated in the 130 nm CMOS technology of IHP. The switching properties of the memristive devices are discussed with respect to forming voltages, low resistance state and high resistance state characteristics and their variabilities. The experimental I–V characteristics of set and reset operations are evaluated by using the quantum point contact model. The properties of the conduction filament in the on and off states of the memristive devices are discussed with respect to the model parameters obtained from the QPC fit. KW - RRAM KW - HfO2 KW - filamentary switching Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11101540 SN - 2079-9292 VL - 11 IS - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bai, Handong A1 - Zhang, Hongwai A1 - Cai, He A1 - Schiffer, Johannes T1 - Voltage regulation and current sharing for multi-bus DC microgrids: A compromised design approach T2 - Automatica N2 - It is well known that accurate current sharing and voltage regulation are both important, yet conflicting control objectives in multi-bus DC microgrids. In this paper a distributed control scheme is proposed, which simultaneously considers these two control objectives via a trade-off factor. This factor permits to adjust the degree of compromise between accurate voltage regulation and current sharing. At the same time, the voltage of a critical node can be precisely regulated. A sufficient condition for closed-loop stability is given and it is shown that the control parameters can always be chosen, such that stability is guaranteed. In addition, the steady state voltage and current deviations relative to their rated values are quantified via suitable metrics. For a given topology and settings of a DC microgrid, a sufficient condition for the existence of the trade-off factor is provided. The results are illustrated by simulation examples. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0005109822001893 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.automatica.2022.110340 SN - 0005-1098 VL - 142 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Luo, Peng A1 - Schnieder, Frank A1 - Bengtsson, Olof A1 - Vadalà, Valeria A1 - Raffo, Antonio A1 - Heinrich, Wolfgang A1 - Rudolph, Matthias T1 - A streamlined drain-lag model for GaN HEMTs based on pulsed S-parameter measurements T2 - International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/S1759078719000060 SN - 1759-0787 SN - 1759-0795 VL - 11 IS - 2 SP - 121 EP - 129 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schramm, Marina A1 - Friedrich, Stephanie A1 - Schmidtke, Kai-Uwe A1 - Panzer, Paul A1 - Kellner, Harald A1 - Ullrich, René A1 - Hofrichter, Martin A1 - Scheibner, Katrin T1 - Cell-Free Protein Synthesis with Fungal Lysates for the Rapid Production of Unspecific Peroxygenases T2 - Antioxidants N2 - Unspecific peroxygenases (UPOs, EC 1.11.2.1) are fungal biocatalysts that have attracted considerable interest for application in chemical syntheses due to their ability to selectively incorporate peroxide-oxygen into non-activated hydrocarbons. However, the number of available and characterized UPOs is limited, as it is difficult to produce these enzymes in homologous or hetero-logous expression systems. In the present study, we introduce a third approach for the expression of UPOs: cell-free protein synthesis using lysates from filamentous fungi. Biomass of Neurospora crassa and Aspergillus niger, respectively, was lysed by French press and tested for translational activity with a luciferase reporter enzyme. The upo1 gene from Cyclocybe (Agrocybe) aegerita (encoding the main peroxygenase, AaeUPO) was cell-free expressed with both lysates, reaching activities of up to 105 U L−1 within 24 h (measured with veratryl alcohol as substrate). The cell-free expressed enzyme (cfAaeUPO) was successfully tested in a substrate screening that included prototypical UPO substrates, as well as several pharmaceuticals. The determined activities and catalytic performance were comparable to that of the wild-type enzyme (wtAaeUPO). The results presented here suggest that cell-free expression could become a valuable tool to gain easier access to the immense pool of putative UPO genes and to expand the spectrum of these sought-after biocatalysts. KW - unspecific peroxygenase KW - monooxygenase KW - cell-free protein synthesis KW - in vitro translation Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/11/2/284 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11020284 SN - 2076-3921 VL - 11 IS - 2 SP - 1 EP - 15 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hofrichter, Martin A1 - Kellner, Harald A1 - Herzog, Robert A1 - Karich, Alexander A1 - Kiebist, Jan A1 - Scheibner, Katrin A1 - Ullrich, René T1 - Peroxide-Mediated Oxygenation of Organic Compounds by Fungal Peroxygenases T2 - Antioxidants N2 - Unspecific peroxygenases (UPOs), whose sequences can be found in the genomes of thousands of filamentous fungi, many yeasts and certain fungus-like protists, are fascinating biocatalysts that transfer peroxide-borne oxygen (from H2O2 or R-OOH) with high efficiency to a wide range of organic substrates, including less or unactivated carbons and heteroatoms. A twice-proline-flanked cysteine (PCP motif) typically ligates the heme that forms the heart of the active site of UPOs and enables various types of relevant oxygenation reactions (hydroxylation, epoxidation, subsequent dealkylations, deacylation, or aromatization) together with less specific one-electron oxidations (e.g., phenoxy radical formation). In consequence, the substrate portfolio of a UPO enzyme always combines prototypical monooxygenase and peroxidase activities. Here, we briefly review nearly 20 years of peroxygenase research, considering basic mechanistic, molecular, phylogenetic, and biotechnological aspects. KW - unspecific peroxygenase KW - monooxygenase KW - peroxidases KW - hydroxylation KW - epoxidation KW - dealkylation Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/11/1/163 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11010163 SN - 2076-3921 VL - 11 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 21 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cortés-Martínez, Rolando A1 - Kumar, Krishna D. A1 - Rodríguez-Cortés, Hugo T1 - Precise Power Descent Control of A Lunar Lander Using a Single Thruster T2 - Acta Astronautica N2 - This paper addresses the problem of powered descent control of a lunar lander during its final landing phase, where soft and precise landing at the target cite is required. In the literature, this problem has been solved considering a fully actuated lunar lander. Recently, landers are designed as complex systems with several onboard payloads and subsystems for completing demanding mission tasks. There are increasing constraints on mass budget and space availability onboard a lander. In order to meet these requirements, a novel controller using a single thruster is proposed. The proposed controller has three control inputs (thrust and two gimbaled angles) to control the six degrees of motion of a lander; these control inputs are non-affine. The proposed controller is designed based on variable structure control technique augmented with a high order filter, an immersion and invariance-based mass estimator and a sliding mode angular velocity observer. The stability analysis using Lyapunov theory and the results of the numerical simulations along with Monte Carlo simulations of the system show that the precise landing of the lunar lander using a single thruster is feasible. Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0094576521002952 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actaastro.2021.06.001 SN - 0094-5765 VL - 186 SP - 473 EP - 485 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kryvokhyzhyna, Mariia A1 - Majdi, Nabil A1 - Oprei, Anna A1 - Mutz, Michael A1 - Risse-Buhl, Ute T1 - Response of meiobenthos to migrating ripples in sandy lowland streams T2 - Hydrobiologia KW - Sediment transport KW - Community structure KW - Benthic invertebrates Y1 - 2022 UR - https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10750-022-04836-6.pdf U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-022-04836-6 SN - 0018-8158 VL - 849 IS - 8 SP - 1905 EP - 1921 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Thompson, Paul A1 - Laaser, Knut T1 - Beyond technological determinism: revitalising labour process analyses of technology, capital and labour T2 - Work in the Global Economy Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/bup/wge/2021/00000001/f0020001/art00008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1332/273241721X16276384832119 SN - 2732-4176 VL - 1 IS - 1-2 SP - 139 EP - 159 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schneidereit, Toni A1 - Breuß, Michael T1 - Collocation polynomial neural forms and domain fragmentation for solving initial value problems T2 - Neural Computing and Applications N2 - Several neural network approaches for solving differential equations employ trial solutions with a feedforward neural network. There are different means to incorporate the trial solution in the construction, for instance, one may include them directly in the cost function. Used within the corresponding neural network, the trial solutions define the so-called neural form. Such neural forms represent general, flexible tools by which one may solve various differential equations. In this article, we consider time-dependent initial value problems, which require to set up the neural form framework adequately. The neural forms presented up to now in the literature for such a setting can be considered as first-order polynomials. In this work, we propose to extend the polynomial order of the neural forms. The novel collocation-type construction includes several feedforward neural networks, one for each order. Additionally, we propose the fragmentation of the computational domain into subdomains. The neural forms are solved on each subdomain, whereas the interfacing grid points overlap in order to provide initial values over the whole fragmentation. We illustrate in experiments that the combination of collocation neural forms of higher order and the domain fragmentation allows to solve initial value problems over large domains with high accuracy and reliability. KW - Collocation neural forms KW - Polynomial neural forms KW - Trial solution KW - Initial value problems KW - Domain fragmentation Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-021-06860-4 SN - 1433-3058 SN - 0941-0643 VL - 34 IS - 9 SP - 7141 EP - 7156 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hildebrand, Julia A1 - Marks, Svenja A1 - Retkowski, Alexandra A1 - Thole, Werner T1 - Praxistheoretische Perspektiven auf pädagogische Beziehungen : Konsens und Zustimmung zu körperlicher Nähe und die Modulierung von Geschlecht T2 - Zeitschrift für Sozialpädagogik N2 - Anknüpfend an das Paradigma einer Theorie der Praxis wird in diesem Beitrag Geschlecht als eine Dimension begriffen, die habituell inkorporiert und im Tun per formativ hergestellt wird. Zugleich fungiert Geschlecht diesem Verständnis nach als ein Ordnungsprinzip, das Konstruktionen von Sexualität und den Umgang mit Körpern und Körperkontakten moduliert. Anhand eines Fallbeispiels aus dem Schulsport fokussiert die empirische Analyse in dem Beitrag die Dimension Geschlecht über den Rückgriff auf Praktiken der Herstellung von Konsens und Zustimmung zu körperlicher Nähe und Berührung. Über den rekonstruktiven Zugriff auf „concepts of consent“ (Bauer 2014) wird eine bislang wenig thematisierte Perspektive eingenommen, die eine die pädagogische Professionalität herausfordernde Thematik in Bezug auf den Komplex der Sexualität, den Umgang mit Körperkontakt und möglichen sexualisierten Grenzverletzungen aufgreift. KW - pädagogische Beziehungen Y1 - 2022 SN - 1610-2339 VL - 20 IS - 1 SP - 20 EP - 39 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lengyel, Dominik A1 - Weicht, Christian A1 - Schürmann, Detlev T1 - Zufahrtsschutz Teil 4 T2 - Polizei, Verkehr + Technik : pvt Y1 - 2021 SN - 0722-5962 VL - 66 IS - 5 SP - 30 EP - 32 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lorenz-Meyer, Nicolai A1 - Menzel, Robert A1 - Dadzis, Kaspars A1 - Nikiforova, Angelina A1 - Riemann, Helge T1 - Lumped Parameter Model for Silicon Crystal Growth from Granulate Crucible T2 - Crystal Research and Technology N2 - In the present paper, a lumped parameter model for the novel Silicon Granulate Crucible (SiGC) method is proposed, which is the basis for a future model-based control system for the process. The model is analytically deduced based on the hydromechanical, geometrical, and thermal conditions of the process. Experiments are conducted to identify unknown model parameters and to validate the model. The physical consistency of the model is verified using simulation studies and a prediction error of below 2% is reached. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/crat.202000044 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/crat.202000044 SN - 1521-4079 VL - 55 IS - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schöttker, Oliver A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - Climate Change and the Cost-Effective Governance Mode for Biodiversity Conservation T2 - Environmental and Resource Economics Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10640-022-00684-z SN - 0924-6460 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schöttker, Oliver A1 - Hütt, Christoph A1 - Jauker, Frank A1 - Witt, Johanna A1 - Bareth, Georg A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - Monitoring costs of result-based payments for biodiversity conservation: Will UAV-based remote sensing be the game-changer? T2 - MPRA paper Y1 - 2022 UR - https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/112942/ ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bobtsov, Alexey A1 - Ortega, Romeo A1 - Nikolaev, Nikolay A1 - Lorenz-Meyer, Nicolai A1 - Schiffer, Johannes T1 - State Observation of Power Systems Equipped with Phasor Measurement Units: The Case of Fourth Order Flux-Decay Model T2 - IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control N2 - The problem of effective use of phasor measurement units (PMUs) to enhance power systems awareness and security is a topic of key interest. The central question to solve is how to use these new measurements to reconstruct the state of the system. In this article, we provide the first solution to the problem of (globally convergent) state estimation of multimachine power systems equipped with PMUs and described by the fourth-order flux-decay model. This article is a significant extension of our previous result, where this problem was solved for the simpler third-order model, for which it is possible to recover algebraically part of the unknown state. Unfortunately, this property is lost in the more accurate fourth-order model, and we are confronted with the problem of estimating the full state vector. The design of the observer relies on two recent developments proposed by the authors, a parameter estimation based approach to the problem of state estimation and the use of the dynamic regressor extension and mixing (DREM) technique to estimate these parameters. The use of DREM allows us to overcome the problem of lack of persistent excitation that stymies the application of standard parameter estimation designs. Simulation results illustrate the latter fact and show the improved performance of the proposed observer with respect to a locally stable gradient-descent-based observer. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://doi.org/10.1109/TAC.2021.3073887 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TAC.2021.3073887 SN - 0018-9286 SN - 1558-2523 VL - 67 IS - 4 SP - 2123 EP - 2130 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berkmann, Fritz A1 - Augel, Lion A1 - Hack, Michael A1 - Kawaguchi, Yuma A1 - Weißhaupt, David A1 - Fischer, Inga Anita A1 - Schulze, Jörg T1 - Optimization of fully integrated Al nanohole array-based refractive index sensors for use with a LED light source Fritz Berkmann T2 - IEEE Photonics Journal KW - Sensors KW - Refractive index KW - Optical variables control KW - Optical refraction KW - Optical device fabrication KW - Germanium KW - Solid modeling Y1 - 2022 UR - https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9781306 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/JPHOT.2022.3177354 SN - 1943-0655 VL - 14 IS - 3 SP - 1 EP - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Boden, Joe A1 - Maier, Erik A1 - Dost, Florian T1 - The Effect of Electronic Shelf Labels on Store Revenue T2 - International Journal of Electronic Commerce N2 - Today’s retailers have a strategic imperative to integrate their channels. Some have implemented electronic shelf labels (ESL) to replace paper tags to technologically enable the omnichannel transformation by aligning the presentation of price and product information between online and offline channels. However, consumer reactions to ESL are yet unexplored. They could be positive or negative: on one hand, the fear of frequent price changes, a known phenomenon in e-commerce, could spread to offline channels and reduce consumer purchase intent and overall revenue; on the other hand, ESL could prevent showrooming by signaling price consistency and offering consistent information (e.g., including reviews) between the on- and offline channels. We explore a retailer data set that allows isolating the “mere ESL effect”, as the retailer’s pricing strategy remained unchanged over the introduction of ESL (i.e., no dynamic pricing), but the presentation of the price and product information was integrated through ESL. A difference-in-difference analysis establishes that revenue in product categories in which ESL was introduced grows at the expense of those product categories in which it was not introduced. Visitor numbers are not affected by introducing ESL. This finding supports the adoption of e-commerce capabilities in a brick-and-mortar store as it could help prevent shopper behavior aimed at exploiting channel differences (i.e., showrooming for price or more information). KW - multichannel retailing KW - online retail KW - pricing Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/10864415.2020.1806472 SN - 1557-9301 SN - 1086-4415 VL - 24 IS - 4 SP - 527 EP - 550 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hübel, Hartwig A1 - Vollrath, Bastian T1 - Ratcheting and strain ranges in the shakedown state with stress stiffening using the Simplified Theory of Plastic Zones T2 - International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping N2 - The behavior of elastic-plastic structures under cyclic loading can be determined by incremental elastic-plastic analyses where a given load histogram is analysed cycle-by-cycle until shakedown is achieved. Many cycles may be required for this, if a ratchet mechanism is causing plastic strains to accumulate in each cycle until either elastic or plastic shakedown is achieved. The complexity of the elastic-plastic response of a structure is further increased if geometric effects are present. It may be very costly to get the accumulated strains and strain ranges in the state of shakedown by incremental analyses so that simplified or direct methods have been developed as an alternative. The Simplified Theory of Plastic Zones (STPZ) has proven itself for estimating the required quantities in the state of elastic and plastic shakedown within the framework of the 1st order theory, i.e., if the equilibrium conditions are satisfied for the undeformed structure. It is shown in this paper, how the STPZ can be expanded to capture 2nd order effects introduced by the equilibrium of the deformed structure. Some examples are used to demonstrate its applicability and the quality of the results, but also its limitations with respect to determining the accumulated strains and elastic-plastic strain ranges. KW - Simplified theory of plastic zones KW - Cyclic strain accumulation KW - Shakedown KW - Ratcheting KW - Post-shakedown quantities KW - Stress stiffening Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpvp.2022.104727 SN - 0308-0161 VL - 199 SP - 1 EP - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mahmood, Safdar A1 - González-Castaño, Miriam A1 - Penkova, Anna A1 - Centeno, Miguel Angel A1 - Odriozola, José Antonio A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - CO2 methanation on Ni/YMn1-xAlxO3 perovskite catalysts T2 - Applied Materials Today N2 - Seeking for advanced catalytic systems for the CO2 methanation reaction, the use of Ni supported catalysts over redox materials is often proposed. Profiting the superior redox properties described for layered perovskite systems, this work has investigated a series Ni supported YMn1-xAlxO3 (x = 0, 0.2, 0.5, 0.8, 1) perovskite catalysts. The obtained results evidenced the impact of the support nature on the systems redox properties and Ni-support interactions. Within the catalysts series, the greater methanation rates displayed by Ni/YMn0.5Al0.5O3 catalyst (0.748 mmolCO2,conv.s–1 gNi –1 at 400 ◦C and 60 L/gh) were associated to the interplay between the support redox properties and superior Ni dispersion. The improved redox behavior attained through the Al-incorporation (up to x = 0.5) was associated to the layered perovskite structures which, being distorted and constituted by smaller crystal sizes, facilitated the behavior of Mn redox couples as surface species readily interconverted. Exhibiting catalytic performances comparable to precious metals based catalysts, this work proposes the Ni/YMn0.5Al0.5O3 catalyst as an effective system for the CO2 methanation reaction. KW - CO2 methanation KW - Perovskites KW - Ni catalyst KW - Manganese KW - Aluminium Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmt.2022.101577 SN - 2352-9407 VL - 29 SP - 1 EP - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Feng, Lanya A1 - Lysakowski, Bartosz A1 - Eisenschmidt, Jenny A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - The impact of wildfire and mammal carcasses on beetle emergence from heathland soils T2 - Ecological Entomology N2 - Wildfires alter the composition of insect communities due to fire-induced mortality, and the post-fire vegetation and soil conditions also affect the initial re-colonisation and subsequent local emergence of adults from burnt soils. However, the impact of wildfires on re-colonisation and emergence of carrion-associated scavenging species from soils has previously been neglected. We established an experiment in an unmanaged heathland area that was affected by a severe wildfire in 2017 by adding wild boar carcasses to burnt and unburnt areas 204 days after the wildfire. Adult beetles were then collected with emergence tents at paired sites with and without carcasses and in burnt and unburnt areas from 27 April to 10 August 2018. The wildfire did not significantly affect the diversity or abundance of soil-emerging beetles. Community composition in the burnt area differed significantly from the unburnt area with higher numbers of Staphylinidae and lower numbers of phytophagous beetle families (Curculionidae and Elateridae) emerging from soils, probably reflecting the structurally simpler vegetation and reduced litter one year after the wildfire. Scavenging beetles generally colonise mammal carcasses in burnt areas to the same extent as in unburnt areas, but the post-fire conditions favoured some species with very specialised habitat preferences. A few rare species of conservation concern almost exclusively occurred in the burnt area and in most cases in combination with the presence of a carcass. This result highlights the joint importance of heathland wildfires and carcass resources for species conservation in beetle communities. KW - carcass KW - Coleoptera KW - insect conservation KW - scavengers KW - wildfire KW - soil emergence Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/een.13179 SN - 1365-2311 VL - 47 IS - 5 SP - 883 EP - 894 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tsyganov, Andrey N. A1 - Bobrov, Anatoly A. A1 - Shimano, Satoshi D. A1 - Mitchell, Edward A. D. A1 - Hagiwara, Yasuo A1 - Wall, Adeline A. J. A1 - Wanner, Manfred T1 - Distribution of soil testate amoeba assemblages along an elevation gradient on Mount Fuji T2 - European Journal of Protistology N2 - Elevation gradients have been useful to study distributional patterns of soil organisms since the time of Humboldt but only recently these patterns have been studied for soil microorganisms. Here we report the results on species diversity and composition of soil- and moss-dwelling testate amoeba assemblages along a 1400 m elevation gradient (904–2377 m a.s.l.) on Mount Fuji (Japan) from temperate forest to alpine vegetation. In total, 95 testate amoeba taxa belonging to 29 genera were identified. The core of testate amoeba assemblages was formed by ubiquitous species such as Trinema lineare, Euglypha laevis, Cryptodifflugia oviformis, and Trinema complanatum. However, several taxa with limited geographic distribution were also observed (e.g., Centropyxis latideflandriana, C. stenodeflandriana, Plagiopyxis cf. barrosi, Heleopera rectangularis, and Distomatopyxis couillardi). Species diversity indices (species richness and Shannon’s index) were characterised by bell-shaped patterns peaking at ∼ 1700 m in the subalpine mixed conifer-deciduous forest. The species composition of testate amoeba assemblages was best explained by the vegetation types which accounted for 12.3% of the total variation. Overall, these findings indicate that elevation effects on species composition of testate amoeba assemblages are strongly mediated by vegetation. KW - Protists KW - Biogeography KW - Elevation KW - Vegetation type KW - Distribution Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejop.2022.125894 SN - 0932-4739 VL - 84 SP - 1 EP - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Baulechner, Dennis A1 - Diekötter, Tim A1 - Zaitsev, Andrey S. A1 - Wolters, Volkmar T1 - Fertilization Rapidly Alters the Feeding Activity of Grassland Soil Mesofauna Independent of Management History T2 - Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution N2 - Nitrogen fertilization of permanent grasslands affects soil fauna communities by modifying their taxonomic composition, population dynamics and feeding activity. However, it is not well understood if the edaphic fauna adapts to these external inputs so that the immediate response to fertilizer application depends on the long-term nutrient management strategy. We performed a field experiment in permanent grasslands under agricultural management in three regions across Germany. We used experimental fertilization with an organic plant-sourced fertilizer along a long-term nutrient management gradient to study the immediate and long-term effects of fertilization and their interdependence on the taxonomic composition and feeding activity of the soil mesofauna (Nematoda, Oribatida, and Collembola). Sampling season, soil properties, vegetation structure, and geographic location were considered as additional predictor variables to reflect heterogeneity in environmental conditions. The taxonomic composition, richness and total abundance of soil mesofauna communities were significantly affected by long-term nutrient management, but not by experimental fertilization. However, N pulses rapidly (within days) reduced the feeding activity estimated with bait-lamina strips independent of long-term nutrient management strategies. Experimental addition of organic plant-sourced fertilizer may have led to a rapid build-up of microbial biomass, providing alternative food sources for the soil mesofauna and causing a shift away from the bait-lamina substrate. Our study indicates that community changes associated with the long-term nutrient management regime in permanent grasslands do not alter the strong functional response of the soil mesofauna to N pulses. There is an urgent need to develop nutrient management strategies for permanent grasslands that take into account both the conservation of the edaphic faunal community and changes of ecosystem functions caused by rapid responses of the soil mesofauna to fertilizer inputs. KW - bait-lamina KW - ecosystem function KW - land-use intensity KW - nitrogen input KW - permanent grassland KW - Acari (mites) KW - Collembola KW - Nematoda Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2022.864470 SN - 2296-701X VL - 10 SP - 1 EP - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bentsi-Enchill, Felicity A1 - Damptey, Frederick Gyasi A1 - Nii Moi Pappoe, Alexander A1 - Ekumah, Bernard A1 - Komla Akotoye, Hugh Komla Akotoye T1 - Impact of anthropogenic disturbance on tree species diversity, vegetation structure and carbon storage potential in an upland evergreen forest of Ghana, West Africa T2 - Trees, Forests and People N2 - The impact of anthropogenic disturbance on tree species diversity, vegetation structure and carbon storage potential was assessed in an upland evergreen forest on a disturbance gradient (highly stressed, moderately stressed and non-stressed vegetation) in the Atewa Range Forest Reserve. Five spatially separated plots with sizes 50 × 50 m were demarcated in each gradient and sampled for vegetation and soil attributes. Specifically, we sampled tree species diversity, vegetation structure and carbon storage potentials in each gradient. A total of 193 tree species belonging to 44 families and 131 genera were recorded. Tree species composition and diversity differed across the gradient. Significantly higher species diversity was recorded in the non-stressed vegetation gradient than in the stressed vegetation gradients. Similarly, the gradients differed in terms of basal area, the density of stands, the height of trees and carbon stock with significantly higher attributes in the non-stressed than the stressed vegetation gradients. Only the basal area and height of stands correlated significantly with tree carbon stock. Anthropogenic disturbances (illegal logging, farming, mining) contributed to the reduced tree species diversity, density of stands and removal of mature trees, which translated into a reduction in the forest's ability to store carbon KW - Anthropogenic disturbance KW - Carbon storage potentials KW - Species diversity KW - Upland evergreen forest KW - Vegetation structure Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tfp.2022.100238 SN - 2666-7193 IS - 8 SP - 1 EP - 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Damptey, Frederick Gyasi A1 - Frimpong, Bernard Fosu A1 - Kwame Debrah, Daniel A1 - Agro, Prince Pascal A1 - Debrah Wiafe, Edward T1 - Vegelation attributes drive the taxonomic richness and functional composition of beetles and spidersr In mountalnous urban green T2 - Energy, Ecology and Environment N2 - Urban green spaces (UGS) enhance the quality of life in urban environments and serve as habitat corridors or refuge for organisms, including beetles and spiders. The attributes of UGS allow them to harbour species that offer essential ecosystem services. However, the ability of UGS to provide services is limited by the extent to which they have been altered anthropogenically. We described the taxonomic richness and functional composition of arthropods in a mountainous urban ecosystem of Ghana by focussing on the activity of both beetles and spiders at the family level. Two main land-use types (woodlands and built-up areas) were identified and characterised based on the presence or absence of certain vegetation attributes. Sixteen plots in each land-use type with sizes 20 × 20 m were demarcated and fitted with four pitfall traps in each plot to sample continuously for eight weeks, the activity density of both beetles and spiders. Samples were sorted into families and functional groups (detritivores, fungivores, herbivores and predators). The taxonomic richness and activity density were both significantly higher in the woodlands than in the built-up areas. Similarly, all functional groups showed a higher affinity to the woodlands than the built-up areas. Habitat attributes defined by plant diversity and structural complexity were the underlying drivers explaining the differences in arthropod communities between the land-use types. Though the built-up areas seem degraded and open, the remaining small vegetation patches still support the activities of some taxa that should merit the protection of such remnant vegetation in urban ecosystems. KW - Activity density KW - Arthropod community composition KW - Functional composition KW - Land-use change KW - Taxonomic richness KW - Mountainous urban ecosystem Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s40974-021-00236-z SN - 2363-7692 VL - 7 IS - 3 SP - 268 EP - 280 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Fischer, Saskia M. A1 - Hoppe-Herfurth, Anne-Cathrin A1 - John, Nancy T1 - A Consequential Partnership. The Association Between Teachers’ Well-Being and Students’ Well-Being and the Role of Teacher Support as a Mediator T2 - Zeitschrift für Psychologie N2 - Many studies have focused on the effects of teachers’ well-being on the development of students, in particular their academic achievement. To date, little is known about the association between teachers’ well-being and students’ well-being. In the present study, we analyzed this relationship and examined the mediating role of teacher support using linked data from 2,686 students and 805 teachers from 48 schools in Germany. Multilevel regression analyses showed a relationship between teachers’ emotional exhaustion and students’ subjective health complaints and between teachers’ psychological well-being and students’ satisfaction with school. The latter association was mediated by teacher support as perceived by students. This study extends current knowledge about the relevance of teachers’ well-being to their students’ socio-emotional development and the mechanisms that underlie this association. Implications for promoting of mental health in schools and for future research are discussed. KW - teacher well-being KW - student well-being KW - teacher support KW - school mental health Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1027/2151-2604/a000497 SN - 2151-2604 VL - 230 IS - 3 SP - 264 EP - 275 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Doan, Trinh Viet A1 - van Rijswijk-Deij, Roland A1 - Hohlfeld, Oliver A1 - Bajpai, Vaibhav T1 - An Empirical View on Consolidation of the Web T2 - ACM Transactions on Internet Technology (TOIT) N2 - The majority of Web content is delivered by only a few companies that provide Content Delivery Infrastructuress (CDIss) such as Content Delivery Networkss (CDNss) and cloud hosts. Due to increasing concerns about trends of centralization, empirical studies on the extent and implications of resulting Internet consolidation are necessary. Thus, we present an empirical view on consolidation of the Web by leveraging datasets from two different measurement platforms. We first analyze Web consolidation around CDIs at the level of landing webpages, before narrowing down the analysis to a level of embedded page resources. The datasets cover 1(a) longitudinal measurements of DNS records for 166.5 M Web domains over five years, 1(b) measurements of DNS records for Alexa Top 1 M over a month and (2) measurements of page loads and renders for 4.3 M webpages, which include data on 392.3 M requested resources. We then define CDIs penetration as the ratio of CDI-hosted objects to all measured objects, which we use to quantify consolidation around CDIs. We observe that CDI penetration has close to doubled since 2015, reaching a lower bound of 15% for all .com, .net, and .org Web domains as of January 2020. Overall, we find a set of six CDIss to deliver the majority of content across all datasets, with these six CDIss being responsible for more than 80% of all 221.9 M CDI-delivered resources (56.6% of all resources in total). We find high dependencies of Web content on a small group of CDIss, in particular, for fonts, ads, and trackers, as well as JavaScript resources such as jQuery. We further observe CDIss to play important roles in rolling out IPv6 and TLS 1.3 support. Overall, these observations indicate a potential oligopoly, which brings both benefits but also risks to the future of the Web. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://dl.acm.org/doi/full/10.1145/3503158 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3503158 SN - 1557-6051 SN - 1533-5399 VL - 22 IS - 3 SP - 1 EP - 30 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reelfs, Jens Helge A1 - Hohlfeld, Oliver A1 - Strohmaier, Markus A1 - Henckell, Niklas T1 - Characterizing the country-wide adoption and evolution of the Jodel messaging app in Saudi Arabia T2 - arXiv N2 - Social media is subject to constant growth and evolution, yet little is known about their early phases of adoption. To shed light on this aspect, this paper empirically characterizes the initial and country-wide adoption of a new type of social media in Saudi Arabia that happened in 2017. Unlike established social media, the studied network Jodel is anonymous and location-based to form hundreds of independent communities country-wide whose adoption pattern we compare. We take a detailed and full view from the operators perspective on the temporal and geographical dimension on the evolution of these different communities—from their very first the first months of establishment to saturation. This way, we make the early adoption of a new type of social media visible, a process that is often invisible due to the lack of data covering the first days of a new network. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2205.04544 U6 - https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2205.04544 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Abas, Muhammad A1 - Alkahtani, Mohammed A1 - Khalid, Qazi Salman A1 - Hussain, Ghulam A1 - Abidi, Mustufa Haider A1 - Buhl, Johannes T1 - Parametric Study and Optimization of End-Milling Operation of AISI 1522H Steel Using Definitive Screening Design and Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Approach T2 - Materials Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15124086 SN - 1996-1944 VL - 15 IS - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Besong, Lemopi Isidore A1 - Buhl, Johannes A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Increasing formability in hole-flanging through the use of punch rotation based on temperature and strain rate dependent forming limit curves T2 - International Journal of Material Forming Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12289-022-01684-6 SN - 1960-6214 SN - 1960-6206 VL - 15 IS - 3 SP - 1 EP - 21 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Janowitz, Christoph A1 - Mahmoodinezhad, Ali A1 - Kot, Małgorzata A1 - Morales, Carlos A1 - Naumann, Franziska A1 - Plate, Paul A1 - Zöllner, Marvin Hartwig A1 - Bärwolf, Florian A1 - Stolarek, David A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo T1 - Toward controlling the Al2O3/ZnO interface properties by in situ ALD preparation T2 - Dalton Transactions N2 - An Al2O3/ZnO heterojunction was grown on a Si single crystal substrate by subsequent thermal and plasma-assisted atomic layer deposition (ALD) in situ. The band offsets of the heterointerface were then studied by consecutive removal of the layers by argon sputtering, followed by in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The valence band maximum and conduction band minimum of Al2O3 are found to be 1.1 eV below and 2.3 eV above those of ZnO, resulting in a type-I staggered heterojunction. An apparent reduction of ZnO to elemental Zn in the interface region was detected in the Zn 2p core level and Zn L3MM Auger spectra. This suggests an interface formation different from previous models. The reduction of ZnO to Zn in the interface region accompanied by the creation of oxygen vacancies in ZnO results in an upward band bending at the interface. Therefore, this study suggests that interfacial properties such as the band bending as well as the valence and conduction band offsets should be in situ controllable to a certain extent by careful selection of the process parameters. KW - ALD heterojunction KW - band alignement KW - ZnO KW - Al2O3 KW - interface properties Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/D1DT04008A SN - 1477-9234 SN - 1477-9226 VL - 51 SP - 9291 EP - 9301 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hayat, Mubashir A1 - Winkler, Herwig T1 - From Traditional Product Lifecycle Management Systems to Blockchain-Based Platforms T2 - Logistics N2 - Abstract: Background: Several product lifecycle management systems (PLMs) have been implemented in the industrial sector for managing the data of the product from the design up to the disposal or recycling stage. However, these PLMs face certain challenges in managing the complex and decentralized product lifecycles. Methods: To this aim, this work investigates the currently implemented PLMs used in industries through the exploration of various software reviews and selection websites. Accordingly, these existing PLMs are quantitatively compared and analyzed. Results: The analysis shows that most of the existing PLMs do not contain all the required features; therefore, industries integrate different software to create a full-fledged PLM system. However, this practice results in reducing the overall system efficiency. In this context, this paper assesses and recommends a blockchain-based innovative solution that overcomes the challenges of existing PLMs, hence increasing the overall system efficiency. Furthermore, this work argues, in a logical way, that the recommended blockchain-based platform provides a secure and connected infrastructure for data handling, processing, and storage at different stages of the product lifecycle. Conclusions: This work can be considered among the first to compare the currently implemented PLMs with a novel blockchainbased method. Thus, the stakeholders can utilize the outputs of this research in their analysis and decision-making processes for implementing the blockchain in their organizations. KW - product lifecycle management KW - blockchain technology KW - product development KW - decentralization KW - production system Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/logistics6030040 SN - 2305-6290 VL - 6 IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kansok-Dusche, Julia A1 - Ballaschk, Cindy A1 - Krause, Norman A1 - Zeißig, Anke A1 - Seemann-Herz, Lisanne A1 - Wachs, Sebastian A1 - Bilz, Ludwig T1 - A Systematic Review on Hate Speech among Children and Adolescents: Definitions, Prevalence, and Overlap with Related Phenomena T2 - Trauma, Violence, & Abuse N2 - Little is known about the current state of research on the involvement of young people in hate speech. Thus, this systematic review presents findings on a) the prevalence of hate speech among children and adolescents and on hate speech definitions that guide prevalence assessments for this population; and b) the theoretical and empirical overlap of hate speech with related concepts. This review was guided by the Cochrane approach. To be included, publications were required to deal with real-life experiences of hate speech, to provide empirical data on prevalence for samples aged 5 to 21 years and they had to be published in academic formats. Included publications were full-text coded using two raters (κ = .80) and their quality was assessed. The string-guided electronic search (ERIC, SocInfo, Psycinfo, Psyndex) yielded 1,850 publications. Eighteen publications based on 10 studies met the inclusion criteria and their findings were systematized. Twelve publications were of medium quality due to minor deficiencies in their theoretical or methodological foundations. All studies used samples of adolescents and none of younger children. Nine out of 10 studies applied quantitative methodologies. Eighteen publications based on 10 studies were included. Results showed that frequencies for hate speech exposure were higher than those related to victimization and perpetration. Definitions of hate speech and assessment instruments were heterogeneous. Empirical evidence for an often theorized overlap between hate speech and bullying was found. The paper concludes by presenting a definition of hate speech, including implications for practice, policy, and research. KW - hate speech KW - bullying KW - adolescents KW - children KW - youth Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/15248380221108070 SN - 1524-8380 SN - 1552-8324 VL - 24(2023) IS - 4 SP - 2598 EP - 2615 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Udina, Mattia A1 - Fioro, Jacopo A1 - Cea, Tommaso A1 - Castellani, Claudio A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Benfatto, Lara T1 - THz non-linear optical response in cuprates: predominance of the BCS response over the Higgs mode T2 - Faraday Discussions N2 - Recent experiments with strong THz fields in unconventional cuprate superconductors have clearly evidenced an increase of the non-linear optical response below the superconducting critical temperature Tc. As in the case of conventional superconductors, a theoretical estimate of the various effects contributing to the non-linear response is needed in order to interpret the experimental findings. Here, we report a detailed quantitative analysis of the non-linear THz optical kernel in cuprates within a realistic model, accounting for the band structure and disorder level appropriate for these systems. We show that the BCS quasiparticle response is the dominant contribution for cuprates, and its polarization dependence accounts very well for the third-harmonic generation measurements. On the other hand, the polarization dependence of the THz Kerr effect is only partly captured by our calculations, suggesting the presence of additional effects when the system is probed using light pulses with different central frequencies. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2022/FD/D2FD00016D U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/D2FD00016D SN - 1364-5498 VL - 237 SP - 168 EP - 185 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kiel, Simone A1 - Weckmann, Gesine A1 - Chenot, Jean-François A1 - Stracke, Sylvia A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Angelow, Aniela T1 - Referral criteria for chronic kidney disease: implications for disease management and healthcare expenditure—analysis of a population-based sample T2 - BMC Nephrology N2 - Background: Clinical practice guidelines recommend specialist referral according to different criteria. The aim was to assess recommended and observed referral rate and health care expenditure according to recommendations from: • Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO,2012) • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE,2014) • German Society of Nephrology/German Society of Internal Medicine (DGfN/DGIM,2015) • German College of General Practitioners and Family Physicians (DEGAM,2019) • Kidney failure risk equation (NICE,2021) Methods: Data of the population-based cohort Study of Health in Pomerania were matched with claims data. Proportion of subjects meeting referral criteria and corresponding health care expenditures were calculated and projected to the population of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. Results: Data from 1927 subjects were analysed. Overall proportion of subjects meeting referral criteria ranged from 4.9% (DEGAM) to 8.3% (DGfN/DGIM). The majority of patients eligible for referral were ≥ 60 years. In subjects older than 60 years, differences were even more pronounced, and rates ranged from 9.7% (DEGAM) to 16.5% (DGfN/DGIM). Estimated population level costs varied between €1,432,440 (DEGAM) and €2,386,186 (DGfN/DGIM). From 190 patients with eGFR < 60 ml/min, 15 had a risk of end stage renal disease > 5% within the next 5 years. Conclusions: Applying different referral criteria results in different referral rates and costs. Referral rates exceed actually observed consultation rates. Criteria need to be evaluated in terms of available workforce, resources and regarding over- and underutilization of nephrology services. KW - chronic kidney disease KW - disease management KW - healthcare KW - Referral criteria KW - population-based cohort Study Y1 - 2022 UR - https://bmcnephrol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12882-022-02845-0#citeas U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12882-022-02845-0 SN - 1471-2369 VL - 23 SP - 1 EP - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rietig, Anja A1 - Langner, Thomas A1 - Acker, Jörg T1 - Comprehensive stoichiometric studies on the reaction of silicon in HF/HNO3 and HF/HNO3/H2SiF6 mixtures T2 - Physical chemistry, chemical physics KW - silicon KW - etching KW - stoichiometry KW - hydrogen KW - nitrogen oxides KW - mechanism Y1 - 2022 UR - https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2022/cp/d1cp05418j U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/d1cp05418j SN - 1463-9076 VL - 24 IS - 5 SP - 3094 EP - 3108 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pannhorst, Matthias A1 - Dost, Florian T1 - A Life-Course View on Ageing Consumers: Old-Age Trajectories and Gender Differences T2 - Applied Research in Quality of Life N2 - This study presents a dynamic, model-based view of consumers’ ageing developments, focused on gender differences, to uncover the pathways and socioeconomic transitions that female and male consumers take through old age. The analysis of longitudinal survey data spanning 15 years uses a latent Markov dynamic cluster model with transitions over time. The resulting life courses allow an exploration of lifestyle-related changes in multiple consumer well-being variables beyond age 50. Substantial well-being differences appear in the ageing paths of men and women. In both cases, a dominant chronological sequence through old age is complemented by less common transitions, rarely associated with advanced age. Although the model does not use chronological age as an independent variable, it outperforms purely agebased, or age- cohort-, and period-based models in predicting old-age consumer wellbeing. These results highlight the importance of considering within-cohort diversity when modelling the accompaniments of old age: while some older consumers enjoy active lifestyles, others of similar age succumb to depression and loneliness, rendering age an insufficient predictor of well-being states. In the future, the presented model could be matched with other, even cross-sectional, consumer survey data to help predict various dynamics in the ageing consumer population. KW - Ageing consumers KW - Consumer well-being Y1 - 2022 UR - https://doi-org.manchester.idm.oclc.org/10.1007/s11482-021-09934-6 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11482-021-09934-6 SN - 1871-2576 SN - 1871-2584 VL - 17 IS - 2 SP - 1157 EP - 1180 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pérez, Eduardo A1 - Mahadevaiah, Mamathamba Kalishettyhalli A1 - Perez-Bosch Quesada, Emilio A1 - Wenger, Christian T1 - In-depth characterization of switching dynamics in amorphous HfO2 memristive arrays for the implementation of synaptic updating rules T2 - Japanese Journal of Applied Physics N2 - Accomplishing truly analog conductance modulation in memristive arrays is crucial in order to implement the synaptic plasticity in hardware-based neuromorphic systems. In this paper, such a feature was addressed by exploiting the inherent stochasticity of switching dynamics in amorphous HfO2 technology. A thorough statistical analysis of experimental characteristics measured in 4 kbit arrays by using trains of identical depression/potentiation pulses with different voltage amplitudes and pulse widths provided the key to develop two different updating rules and to define their optimal programming parameters. The first rule is based on applying a specific number of identical pulses until the conductance value achieves the desired level. The second one utilized only one single pulse with a particular amplitude to achieve the targeted conductance level. In addition, all the results provided by the statistical analysis performed may play an important role in understanding better the switching behavior of this particular technology. KW - RRAM KW - memristive device KW - HfO2 KW - memristive switching Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.35848/1347-4065/ac6a3b SN - 0021-4922 VL - 61 SP - 1 EP - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bajpai, Vaibhav A1 - Hohlfeld, Oliver A1 - Crowcroft, Jon A1 - Keshav, Srinivasan A1 - Schulzrinne, Henning A1 - Ott, Jörg A1 - Ferlin, Simone A1 - Carle, Georg A1 - Hines, Andrew A1 - Raake, Alexander T1 - Recommendations for Designing Hybrid Conferences T2 - ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review N2 - During the COVID-19 pandemic, many smaller conferences have moved entirely online and larger ones are being held as hybrid events. Even beyond the pandemic, hybrid events reduce the carbon footprint of conference travel and makes events more accessible to parts of the research community that have difficulty traveling long distances, while preserving most advantages of in-person gatherings. While we have developed a solid understanding of how to design virtual events over the last two years, we are still learning how to properly run hybrid events. We present guidelines and considerations-spanning technology, organization and social factors-for organizing successful hybrid conferences. This paper summarizes and extends the discussions held at the Dagstuhl seminar on "Climate Friendly Internet Research" held in July 2021. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3544912.3544920 SN - 0146-4833 SN - 1943-5819 VL - 52 IS - 2 SP - 63 EP - 69 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Walter, Anja A1 - Herzberg, Heidrun A1 - Hommel, Linda T1 - „Ohne das Netzwerk würden solche Dinge völlig an uns vorbei gehen“ – Neue Strukturen der Zusammenarbeit im Pflegebildungssystem T2 - Pflege & Gesellschaft KW - Pflegebildungssystem KW - Netzwerk Pflegeausbildung KW - Community of Practice Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3262/P&G2201019 SN - 1430-9653 VL - 27 IS - 1 SP - 19 EP - 31 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bühler, Daniel A1 - Hemmert, Fabian A1 - Hurtienne, Jörn A1 - Petersen, Christer T1 - Designing Universal and Intuitive Pictograms (UIPP) – A Detailed Process for More Suitable Visual Representations T2 - International Journal of Human-Computer Studies N2 - Visual representations are perhaps the most important mode of human-computer and computer-mediated human-human interaction today. Nevertheless, we suggest, there is a lack of appropriate processes for their design. It seems, designers as much as researchers sometimes assume that visual representations are universally and intuitively comprehensible although evidence suggests otherwise, resulting in suboptimal designs. This article addresses the problem by proposing a human-centered design process for universal and intuitive pictograms. This process is grounded in semiotics, theories of intuitive interaction, and visual perception. Furthermore, it has been validated through empirical research and in practice. The article describes the process, it explains each step, and it provides examples. The result is detailed instructions that other designers, researchers, and businesses can adopt in their projects for designing more suitable visual representations. KW - Cross-cultural KW - sensorimotor experience KW - icon KW - intuitive interaction KW - visual design KW - universal design Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhcs.2022.102816 SN - 1071-5819 VL - Vol. 163 SP - 1 EP - 18 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Gerster, Stephan A1 - Herty, Michael A1 - Imran, Muhammad T1 - Feedback control for random, linear hyperbolic balance laws T2 - International Journal for Uncertainty Quantification KW - systems of hyperbolic balance laws KW - feedback stabilization KW - Lyapunov function KW - stochastic Galerkin KW - viscoplastic deformations Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1615/Int.J.UncertaintyQuantification.2021037183 SN - 2152-5099 VL - 12 IS - 2 SP - 81 EP - 104 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kidron, Giora J. A1 - Lichner, Lubomir A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Starinsky, Abraham A1 - Or, Dani T1 - Mechanisms for biocrust-modulated runoff generation – A review T2 - Earth-Science Reviews Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0012825222001842?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2022.104100 SN - 0012-8252 SN - 1872-6828 VL - 231 SP - 1 EP - 22 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meeß, Joachim A1 - Anasenzl, Manuel A1 - Ossenbrink, Ralf A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Influence of Particle Velocities on Adhesion Strength of Cold Spray Inner Diameter Coatings T2 - Journal of Thermal Spray Technology N2 - Due to the recent developments of hardware components and the hereby resulting ability to increase process parameters, the application area of the cold gas spray technology is expanding quickly. The present research focuses on the influence of working gas pressure and working gas temperature on the adhesive strength of inner diameter coatings, which were produced with two different alloy steel powder variants. Gas pressure and gas temperature were varied in four different parameter sets. At first, the powder variants were examined for morphology and particle size distribution. Secondly, the influence of four different process parameters on the achievable particle velocity was measured. In addition, the arithmetical mean height (Sa) of the coating was measured in order to determine the effect of the four parameter sets on the achievable surface roughness. Furthermore, the impact of the process parameters on the steel particles’ penetration depth into the aluminum substrate was examined. Finally, adhesion strength measurements of the inner diameter coatings were carried out. The results reveal that with rising process parameters, the particle velocity increases, and the achievable surface roughness is lowered. It was also shown that the penetration depth of the particles into the substrate increases with increasing particle velocity. In addition, this study demonstrated a dependence of the process parameters on the adhesion strength for inner diameter coatings. KW - adhesion strength KW - cold gas spraying (cgs) KW - cylinder block application KW - inner diameter coating KW - particle velocity Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-022-01439-4 SN - 1544-1016 VL - 31 IS - 7 SP - 2025 EP - 2038 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ibrahim, Bachar A1 - Mensah, Henry T1 - Rethinking climate migration in sub-Saharan Africa from the perspective of tripartite drivers of climate change T2 - SN social sciences Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s43545-022-00383-y SN - 2662-9283 IS - 2 SP - 1 EP - 24 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Laaser, Knut A1 - Karlsson, Jan Ch. T1 - Towards a Sociology of Meaningful Work T2 - Work, Employment and Society KW - Meaningful work Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/09500170211055998 SN - 1469-8722 VL - 36 IS - 5 SP - 798 EP - 815 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoffmann, Jan T1 - Ein allgemeines Umweltaktionsprogramm der Union für die Zeit bis 2030 - Das 8. UAP im Schatten des "Green Deal" und des Ukraine-Krieges? T2 - Neue Zeitschrift für Verwaltungsrecht : NVwZ N2 - Ende 2020 hat die Europäische Kommission ihren Vorschlag für das nunmehr 8. Umweltaktionsprogramm (UAP) der EU (vormals EG) mit einer Laufzeit bis zum Jahr 2030 vorgelegt. Mitte 2021 hat dessen erste Lesung im Europäischen Parlament stattgefunden. Im März 2022 konnten sich Parlament und Rat nach langen Diskussionen letztlich auf die Annahme des neuen Aktionsprogramms einigen. Doch was beinhaltet es? Und, sind seine Inhalte einer Darstellung wert, oder werden sie von anderen unionalen Aktivitäten und Krisen in den Schatten gestellt? Der Beitrag schließt an die Ausführungen zum 7. UAP in dieser Zeitschrift (NVwZ 2013, 534) an. KW - Umweltaktionsprogramm KW - UAP 8 KW - Green Deal KW - Klimaneutralität KW - Umweltrecht Y1 - 2022 SN - 0721-880X VL - 41 IS - 12 SP - 856 EP - 859 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kruszyńska, Joanna A1 - Ostapko, Jakub A1 - Ozkaya, Veysel A1 - Surucu, Belkis A1 - Szawcow, Oliwia A1 - Nikiforow, Kostiantyn A1 - Hołdyński, Marcin A1 - Tavakoli, Mohammad Mahdi A1 - Yadav, Pankaj A1 - Kot, Małgorzata A1 - Kołodziej, Grzegorz Piotr A1 - Wlazło, Mateusz A1 - Satapathi, Soumitra A1 - Akin, Seckin A1 - Prochowicz, Daniel T1 - Atomic Layer Engineering of Aluminum-Doped Zinc Oxide films for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells T2 - Advanced Materials Interfaces N2 - Atomic layer deposition (ALD) has been considered as an efficient method to deposit high quality and uniform thin films of various electron transport materials for perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Here, the effect of deposition sequence in the ALD process of aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) films on the performance and stability of PSCs is investigated. Particularly, the surface of AZO film is terminated by diethylzinc (DEZ)/H2O (AZO-1) or trimethylaluminum (TMA)/H2O pulse (AZO-2), and investigated with surface-sensitive X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy technique. It is observed that AZO-2 significantly enhances the thermal stability of the upcoming methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) layer and facilitates charge transport at the interface as evidenced by photoluminescence spectroscopes and favorable interfacial band alignment. Finally, planar-type PSC with AZO-2 layer exhibits a champion power conversion efficiency of 18.09% with negligible hysteresis and retains 82% of the initial efficiency after aging for 100 h under ambient conditions (relative humidity 40 ± 5%). These results highlight the importance of atomic layer engineering for developing efficient and stable PSCs. KW - atomic layer deposition KW - electron transporting layers KW - perovskites KW - solar cells KW - stability of perovskite solar cells Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202200575 SN - 2196-7350 VL - 9 IS - 17 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Marker, Paul A1 - Bleicher, Achim T1 - A Hierarchical Optimization Method for the Design of Active Hybrid Structures T2 - Frontiers in Built Environment N2 - In structural engineering, active structures that combine the principles of lightweight construction with bending elastic component behavior are increasingly being investigated. For the realization of a prototype of an active hybrid roof structure at the laboratory of Hybrid Structures at BTU Cottbus-Senftenberg, preliminary investigations on a case study are conducted in the framework of this publication in order to improve the design process of these types of structures. These active hybrids require a higher design effort than classical structures from the field of structural engineering due to a larger number of relevant objectives. Consequently, this study devotes special attention to these essential target criteria and their mathematical formulation. Furthermore, in order to improve the efficiency of this design process, a hierarchical method is derived that is subdivided into two successive partial procedures, which contain specific heuristics that are developed. In this method, after structural optimization, an optimal actuator placement is performed. The subject of a design process involving optimal actuator placement is relatively unexplored for active structures in which components are subjected to large elastic bending deformations and is therefore the focus of this study. In order to verify the functionality of the method and the plausibility of the results of the derived partial methods, a validation of the methodology is performed. Therefore, results of analyses of an active truss structure are compared with those of an active hybrid structure, both derived using the presented method. In addition to validating results, the study intends to investigate whether the performance of an active hybrid structure generated by the proposed method is sufficiently competitive compared to a state-of-the-art active truss structure derived by the same procedure. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fbuil.2022.705434 SN - 2297-3362 VL - 8 SP - 1 EP - 22 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Israr, Rameez A1 - Buhl, Johannes A1 - Härtel, Sebastian A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Reinforcement of Tooling Using Residual Stresses Generated by Cladding by Arc Welding T2 - Metals N2 - Cladding is typically used to protect components from wear and corrosion while also improving the aesthetic value and reliability of the substrate. The cladding process induces significant residual stresses due to the temperature difference between the substrate and the clad layer. However, these residual stresses could be effectively utilized by modifying processes and geometrical parameters. This paper introduces a novel methodology for using the weld-cladding process as a cost-effective alternative to various existing reinforcement techniques. The numerical analyses are performed to maximize the reinforcement of a cylindrical tool. The investigation of how the weld cladding develops compressive stresses on the specimen in response to a change in the weld beads and the welding sequence is presented. For the benchmark shape, experimental verification of the numerical model is performed. The influence of the distance between the weld beads and the effect of the tool diameter is numerically investigated. Furthermore, the variation in compressive stresses due to temperature fluctuations during the extrusion process has been evaluated. The results showed that adequate compressive stresses are generated on the welded parts through the cladding process after cooling. More compressive stresses are induced in the tool as the cross-section of the weld bead is increased. Furthermore, keeping a gap between the adjacent beads improves tool reinforcement. Hence, the targeted reinforcement of the substrate can be achieved by optimizing the welding sequence and process parameters. KW - Additive Manufacturing (AM) KW - Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) KW - weld cladding KW - residual stresses KW - reinforcement KW - hole drilling method KW - LS-Dyna KW - numerical simulation Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/met12060984 SN - 2075-4701 VL - 12 IS - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Laaser, Knut A1 - Bolton, Sharon T1 - Absolute autonomy, respectful recognition and derived dignity: Towards a typology of meaningful work T2 - International journal of management reviews : IJMR N2 - Theoretical and empirical contributions to meaningful work (MW) have flourished in the last two decades; investigating how the interplay of organizational factors with employee attitudes and experiences enables or denies MW. This paper reviews MW literature in the fields of management and organizational behaviour, political philosophy, the humanities and sociology with the aim of identifying and comparing conceptualizations of MW and how they relate to low-skilled work. The review illustrates that a wide range of MW concepts either interpret low-skilled work as bereft of essential sources for MW, or focus exclusively on workers’ innate drive to make meaningful experiences and thereby neglect the politics of working life. Making the point that low-skilled work can also be meaningful, the paper develops a framework for low-skilled work that has at its heart the interplay between the unique characteristics and dynamics of the labour process and workers’ agential responses. The framework rests on a combination of labour process analysis and industrial relations approaches, along with sociological concepts of agency. It develops three interdependent conceptual dimensions of core autonomy, respectful recognition and derived dignity that aim to capture MW in low-skilled work settings. The framework contributes to vibrant debates in the MW literature by showcasing how meaningfulness emerges through bottom-up collective and individual practices, relations and strategies that are reflective of the formal structures, demands and relations of low-skilled work. KW - Meaningful work Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12282 SN - 1468-2370 SN - 1460-8545 VL - 24 IS - 3 SP - 373 EP - 393 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Laaser, Knut A1 - Bolton, Sharon T1 - The relational work of compassion and toxicity at a pupil referral unit T2 - Organization N2 - This article contributes to the literature on compassion in organisations by exploring, through the sociology of relational work, how compassion emerges against the backdrop of what is described as structural toxicity; that is, structures, policies and practices that create the material stage upon which compassion may, or may not, materialise. Underfunding, social deprivation and draconian performance measures are all examples of structural toxicities that may trigger relational toxicity, that is conflict, suffering and disconnection at work but also where compassion may emerge in various forms. It is against this backdrop that we seek to address the conceptual and empirical gap in current understandings of compassion in organisations. Theorising from the empirical field, a case is presented in which compassion emerges as a product of the ongoing relational work of teachers in response to structural toxicities that trigger repeated instances of emotional pain and suffering but also joy and engagement with their work and each other. KW - Toxicity KW - Compassion KW - Critical Management Studie Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/13505084211015376 SN - 1461-7323 SN - 1350-5084 VL - 28 IS - 6 SP - 976 EP - 992 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Marchetti-Deschmann, Martina A1 - Assis, Ana Cristina A1 - Elad, Michal Levin A1 - Algarra, Manuel A1 - Barac, Marko A1 - Bogdanovic Radovic, Iva A1 - Cicconi, Flavio A1 - Claes, Britt A1 - Frascione, Nunzianda A1 - George, Sony A1 - Guedes, Alexandra A1 - Heaton, Cameron A1 - Heeren, Ron A1 - Lasic, Violeta A1 - Lerma, José Luis A1 - Valle Martinez de Yuso Garcia, Maria del A1 - Nosko, Martin A1 - O'Hara, John A1 - Oshina, Ilze A1 - Palucci, Antonio A1 - Pawlaczyk, Aleksandra A1 - Pospíšková, Kristýna A1 - de Puit, Marcel A1 - Radodic, Ksenija A1 - Rēpele, Māra A1 - Ristova, Mimoza A1 - Romolo, Francesco Saverio A1 - Šafařík, Ivo A1 - Siketic, Zdravko A1 - Spigulis, Janis A1 - Szynkowska-Jozwik, Malgorzata Iwona A1 - Tsiatsiuyeu, Andrei A1 - Vella, Joanna A1 - Dawson, Lorna A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Francese, Simona T1 - Profiling and imaging of forensic evidence – A pan-European forensic round robin study part 1: Document forgery T2 - Science & Justice Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scijus.2022.06.001 SN - 1876-4452 SN - 1355-0306 VL - 62 IS - 4 SP - 433 EP - 447 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mielke, Jonas A1 - Winkler, Herwig T1 - Machine-Learning-Ansatz zur Produktionsauftragsplanung T2 - Zeitschrift für wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb N2 - Maschinelle Lernalgorithmen sind leistungsstarke Werkzeuge, um Muster und Wechselwirkungen in Datenstrukturen zu erkennen. Diese Fähigkeiten werden im Rahmen dieses Beitrags zur Optimierung der Auftragsplanung eines Produktionssystems genutzt. Dabei wird ein praxisnahes Vorgehen zur schnellen Evaluierung neuer Auftragssituationen vorgestellt. Die Datengrundlage bildet dabei ein Simulationsmodell eines realen Produktionssystems. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/zwf-2022-1077 SN - 0947-0085 SN - 2511-0896 VL - 117 IS - 6 SP - 384 EP - 389 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Köppel, Sven A1 - Ulmann, Bernd A1 - Heimann, Lars A1 - Killat, Dirk T1 - Using analog computers in today's largest computational challenges T2 - Advances in Radio Science Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/ars-19-105-2021 SN - 1684-9973 VL - 19 SP - 105 EP - 116 ER - TY - GEN A1 - González-Castaño, Miriam A1 - Baena-Moreno, Francisco Manuel A1 - Navarro de Miguel, Juan Carlos A1 - Miah, Kamal Uddin Mohammad A1 - Arroyo-Torralvo, Fátima A1 - Ossenbrink, Ralf A1 - Odriozola, José Antonio A1 - Benzinger, Walther A1 - Hensel, Andreas A1 - Wenka, Achim A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - 3D-printed structured catalysts for CO2 methanation reaction: Advancing of gyroid-based geometries T2 - Energy Conversion and Management N2 - This work investigates the CO2 methanation rate of structured catalysts by tuning the geometry of 3D-printed metal Fluid Guiding Elements (FGEs) structures based on periodically variable pseudo-gyroid geometries. The enhanced performance showed by the structured catalytic systems is mostly associated with the capability of the FGEs substrate geometries for efficient heat usages. Thus, variations on the channels diameter resulted in ca. 25% greater CO2 conversions values at intermediate temperature ranges. The highest void fraction evidenced in the best performing catalyst (3D-1) favored the radial heat transfer and resulted in significantly enhanced catalytic activity, achieving close to equilibrium (75%) conversions at 400 ◦C and 120 mL/min. For the 3D-1 catalyst, a mathematical model based on an experimental design was developed thus enabling the estimation of its behavior as a function of temperature, spatial velocity, hydrogen to carbon dioxide (H2/CO2) ratio, and inlet CO2 concentration. Its optimal operating conditions were established under 3 different scenarios: 1) no restrictions, 2) minimum H2:CO2 ratios, and 3) minimum temperatures and H2/CO2 ratio. For instance, for the lattest scenario, the best CO2 methanation conditions require operating at 431 ◦C, 200 mL/min, H2/CO2 = 3 M ratio, and inlet CO2 concentration = 10 %. KW - 3D-printing KW - Triply periodic minimal surfaces KW - Fluid guiding elements KW - CO2 methanation KW - Structured catalysts KW - Experiment design Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2022.115464 SN - 2590-1745 VL - 258 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Bonhage, Alexander A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Drohan, Patrick J. A1 - Wilmking, Martin A1 - Kreyling, Jürgen A1 - Malik, Ireneusz A1 - Wistuba, Małgorzata A1 - Maaten, Ernst van der A1 - Maaten-Theunissen, Marieke van der A1 - Urich, Tim T1 - Do small landforms have large effects? A review on the legacies of pre-industrial charcoal burning T2 - Geomorphology N2 - Relict charcoal hearths (RCHs) are small, anthropogenic landforms resulting from past charcoal burning and reaching significant land coverage in pre-industrial mining areas. We review three coupled legacies linked by RCH development: (i) a landscape-scale geomorphic effect, (ii) a unique soil fingerprint, and (iii) an evolving novel ecosystem. The history and technique of charcoal production are described to clarify legacy effects. Applying a recently presented morpho-genetic catalogue is useful for classified mapping of RCH findings. The RCH numbers and calculated RCH densities per study region vary greatly and impose uncertainties due to insufficient methods causing over- or underestimations. Areas with high RCH densities between 50 and 500 RCH/km2 seem reasonable. Machine learning-based remote sensing techniques are promising approaches with which to better assess the full scale of charcoal burning legacies. RCH soil properties feature dark charcoal-rich technogenic substrate layers classified as Auh horizons according to the World Reference Base with significantly increased C contents. These Auh horizons can also exhibit specific physical and chemical properties, such as relatively low bulk density, high porosity, high plant available water content, low thermal conductivity and differences in cation exchange capacity or nutrient status. However, relevant studies are rare, and thus, the effects may differ by study region. Regarding vegetation, there seem to be four main effects: changes in forest structure, species composition, recruitment pattern and productivity. The number of studies on this issue is, however, also very limited. Even fewer studies have examined the soil fauna in RCHs; thus, the reported effects cannot be used to draw general conclusions. Notably, RCH research has made considerable progress in the last five years, especially in the Light Detection and Ranging-based mapping of these small landforms and identification of RCH-specific soil properties, but ecological legacies are not well understood; thus, more interdisciplinary and integrative studies are needed. KW - Soil KW - Ecosystem KW - Forestry KW - Land Use KW - Anthropocene KW - Relict Charcoal Hearth (RCH) KW - Charcoal Kiln Remain (CKR) Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2022.108332 SN - 0169-555X VL - 413 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sydow, Benjamin A1 - Jhanji, Avantika A1 - Hälsig, André A1 - Buhl, Johannes A1 - Härtel, Sebastian T1 - The Benefit of the Process Combination of Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) and Forming—A Numerical and Experimental Study T2 - Metals KW - WAAM KW - forming KW - process combination KW - simulation KW - recrystallization KW - hardness KW - heat treatment cycle KW - fine grained mild steel KW - microstructure evolution Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/met12060988 SN - 2075-4701 VL - 12 IS - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Lennard A1 - Maier, Erik T1 - Interactive Ad Avoidance on Mobile Phones T2 - Journal of Advertising N2 - Ad avoidance (e.g., “blinding out” digital ads) is a substantial problem for advertisers. Avoiding mobile banner ads differs from active ad avoidance in nonmobile (desktop) settings, because mobile phone users interact with ads to avoid them: (1) They classify new content at the bottom of their screens; if they see an ad, they (2) scroll so that it is out of the locus of attention and (3) position it at a peripheral location at the top of the screen while focusing their attention on the (non-ad) content in the screen center. Introducing viewport logging to marketing research, we capture granular ad-viewing patterns from users’ screens (i.e., viewports). While mobile users’ ad-viewing patterns are concave over the viewport (with more time at the periphery than in the screen center), viewing patterns on desktop computers are convex (most time in the screen center). Consequently, we show that the effect of viewing time on recall depends on the position of an ad in interaction with the device. An eye-tracking study and an experiment show that 43% to 46% of embedded mobile banner ads are likely to suffer from ad avoidance, and that ad recall is 6 to 7 percentage points lower on mobile phones (versus desktop). Y1 - 2022 UR - https://doi.org/10.1080/00913367.2022.2077266 VL - 51 IS - 4 SP - 440 EP - 449 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Otto, Philipp E. A1 - Schmidt, Lennard T1 - Reservation price uncertainty: Loss, virtue, or emotional heterogeneity? T2 - Journal of Economic Psychology N2 - One of the best-researched anomalies in behavioral sciences is loss aversion, but with strong study variations and no systematic explanations thereof. The aim here was to introduce psychophysiological correlates for loss aversion to improve behavioral predictability. In an endowment experiment, a loss versus gain framing was implemented for a virtue versus a vice product. In addition to the classical price elicitation, an area of indifference and individual price reactions were examined, while emotional arousal as skin conductance levels were continuously measured. Furthermore, various heterogeneity measures for emotions and product experience evaluations were applied directly after the purchasing decision or as a more general personality measure at the end of the study. Results show fundamental regularities of product and frame on the price or the size of indifference. Physiologically measured emotional arousal further supports the dependence of loss aversion. Vice products and a loss frame increase emotional arousal and the consumer purchase price indifference. Reported emotions, aggregated as personality factors, can partially explain the observed heterogeneity in purchase price levels and price indifferences. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joep.2021.102435 SN - 0167-4870 VL - 87 SP - 1 EP - 19 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Xie, Yufang A1 - Li, Zichao A1 - Begeza, Viktor A1 - Funk, Hannes S. A1 - Fischer, Inga Anita A1 - Zeng, Yu-Jia A1 - Helm, Manfred A1 - Zhou, Shengqiang A1 - Prucnal, Slawomir T1 - Influence of fabrication parameters on the magnetic and structural properties of Mn5Ge3 T2 - Semiconductor Science and Technology N2 - Mn5Ge3 is a ferromagnetic material with the high potential for spintronic applications. Usually, it is grown by conventional solid state reaction of manganese with germanium using molecular beam epitaxy. Here, we report the structural and magnetic properties of Mn5Ge3 layers grown on Ge substrates using ultrafast-solid phase epitaxy (SPE) method. We investigate the influence of the substrate orientation, Mn layer thickness and annealing parameters on the crystallographic orientation and magnetization of Mn5Ge3. It is shown that after millisecond range SPE, Mn5Ge3 films always have a preferred (100) orientation whether grown on Ge (001) or (111) substrates, which determines the orientation of the magnetization easy axis lying in the film plane along c axis independent of the layer thickness. The Curie temperature of Mn5Ge3 weakly depends on fabrication parameters. KW - solid phase epitaxy KW - flash lamp annealing KW - ferromagnetic film KW - spintronic KW - fabrication parameter KW - structural property Y1 - 2022 UR - https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1361-6641/ac6689 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6641/ac6689 SN - 1361-6641 VL - 37 IS - 6 SP - 1 EP - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Inga Anita A1 - Brehm, Moritz A1 - De Seta, Monica A1 - Isella, Giovanni A1 - Paul, Douglas J. A1 - Virgilio, Michele A1 - Capellini, Giovanni T1 - On-chip infrared photonics with Si-Ge-heterostructures: What is next? T2 - APL Photonics N2 - The integration of Ge on Si for photonics applications has reached a high level of maturity: Ge photodetectors are available on the Si platform in foundry processes, and Si/Ge heterostructure multiple quantum-well photodiodes are rapidly progressing toward applications in light modulation. These successes result from decades of development of high-quality material growth and integration, which, more recently, has sparked an increasingly broad field of photonic device research based on Si/Ge heterostructures that extends from quantum cascade lasers to sensors. Here, we highlight selected recent structure and device developments as well as possible future trends that are enabled by the maturity of the SiGe material platform KW - Heterostructures KW - Photodetectors KW - Photonics KW - Nanowires KW - Plasmonics KW - Epitaxy KW - Quantum wells KW - Lasers KW - Sensors KW - Electronic band structure Y1 - 2022 UR - https://aip.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/5.0078608 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0078608 SN - 2378-0967 VL - 7 IS - 5 SP - 050901-1 EP - 050901-20 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Le, Quang Huy A1 - Huynh, Dang Khoa A1 - Lehmann, Steffen A1 - Zhao, Zhixing A1 - Kämpfe, Thomas A1 - Rudolph, Matthias T1 - Empirical Large-Signal Medoling of mm-Wave FDSOI CMOS Based on Angelov Model T2 - IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TED.2021.3061318 SN - 1557-9646 SN - 0018-9383 VL - 68 IS - 4 SP - 1446 EP - 1453 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krause, Sascha A1 - Michler, Fabian A1 - Kölpin, Alexander A1 - Rudolph, Matthias A1 - Heinrich, Wolfgang T1 - A Digital Correction Method for Increased Dynamic Range in Interferometric Six-Port Radars T2 - IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWC.2021.3084338 SN - 1558-1764 SN - 1531-1309 VL - 31 IS - 8 SP - 997 EP - 1000 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rudolph, Matthias A1 - Apte, Anisha M. T1 - Nonlinear Noise Modeling: Using Nonlinear Circuit Simulators to Simulate Noise in the Nonlinear Domain T2 - IEEE Microwave Magazine Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/MMM.2021.3069538 SN - 1557-9581 VL - 22 IS - 7 SP - 47 EP - 64 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Emdadi, Aliakbar A1 - Bolz, Sebastian A1 - Buhl, Johannes A1 - Weiß, Sabine A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Laser Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing of Fe3Al-1.5Ta Iron Aluminide with Strengthening Laves Phase T2 - Metals Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/met12060997 SN - 2075-4701 VL - 12 IS - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shah, Jignesh A1 - Hari, Vittal A1 - Rakovec, Oldrich A1 - Markonis, Yannis A1 - Samaniego, Luis A1 - Mishra, Vimal A1 - Hanel, Martin A1 - Hinz, Christoph A1 - Kumar, Rohini T1 - Increasing footprint of climate warming on flash droughts occurrence in Europe T2 - Environmental Research Letters N2 - Flash droughts are caused by a rapid depletion of soil moisture, and they severely affect vegetation growth and agricultural production. Notwithstanding the growing importance of flash droughts under the warming climate, drivers of flash droughts across the Europe are not well understood. Here we estimate the changes in flash droughts characteristics across Europe using the ERA5 reanalysis dataset for 1950–2019 period. We find a substantial increase in the frequency and spatial extent of flash droughts across Europe (with 79% of the total area) during the growing season with at-least one fourth of domain showing two-fold increase in the recent decades. Increased occurrence of flash drought is largely attributed to frequent occurrence of warmer and drier compound extremes, with a sharp gradient of changes being noticed in Mediterranean and Central European regions. Compound meteorological extremes causing the flash drought events across Europe are pre-dominantly driven by the recent climate warming. With unabated greenhouse gas emissions and current pace of climate warming, Europe is likely to face an increased occurrence of flash droughts, requiring prompt response for effective drought adaptation and management strategies. KW - Europe KW - flash droughts KW - climate warming KW - ERA5 KW - soil moisture Y1 - 2022 UR - https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/ac6888 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac6888 SN - 1748-9326 VL - 17 IS - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Khosh Bin Ghomash, Shahin A1 - Bachmann, Daniel A1 - Caviedes-Voullième, Daniel A1 - Hinz, Christoph T1 - Impact of Rainfall Movement on Flash Flood Response: A Synthetic Study of a Semi-Arid Mountainous Catchment T2 - Water N2 - Rainfall is a spatiotemporally varied process and key to accurately capturing catchment runoff and determining flood response. Flash flood response of a catchment can be strongly governed by a rainfall’s spatiotemporal variability and is influenced by storm movement which drives a continuous spatiotemporal change throughout a rainfall event. In this work, the sensitivity of runoff and flooded areas to rainfall movement are assessed in the Kan catchment (Iran). The allochthonous nature of floods in the catchment and how they interact with the effects of rainfall movement are investigated. Fifty synthetic rain hyetographs are generated and traversed over the catchment under different velocities and directions and used to force a 1D/2D hydrodynamic model. The results suggest rainfall movement affects the runoff response in different degrees. Peak discharge, hydrograph shapes and flooded areas are affected. Storms with higher velocities result in higher peaks and faster onsets of runoff and consequently higher flooded areas in comparison to slower storms. The direction of the movement also plays a role. Storms moving along the average direction of the stream result in higher peaks and flooded areas. The relevance of storm direction is greater for slow moving storms. Additionally, the influence of rainfall movement is modulated by hyetograph structure, and the allochthonous behavior is greatly dependent on the location within the drainage network at which it is assessed. KW - storm movement KW - rainfall/runoff simulation KW - runoff generation KW - flash-flood KW - rainfall variability Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/12/1844 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/w14121844 SN - 2073-4441 VL - 14 IS - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gerling, Charlotte A1 - Drechsler, Martin A1 - Keuler, Klaus A1 - Sturm, Astrid A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - Time to consider the timing of conservation measures: designing cost-effective agri-environment schemes under climate change T2 - MPRA paper Y1 - 2022 UR - https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/113877/ ER - TY - GEN A1 - Baroni, Andrea A1 - Glukhov, Artem A1 - Pérez, Eduardo A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Calore, Enrico A1 - Schifano, Sebastiano Fabio A1 - Olivo, Piero A1 - Ielmini, Daniele A1 - Zambelli, Cristian T1 - An energy-efficient in-memory computing architecture for survival data analysis based on resistive switching memories T2 - Frontiers in Neuroscience N2 - One of the objectives fostered in medical science is the so-called precision medicine, which requires the analysis of a large amount of survival data from patients to deeply understand treatment options. Tools like Machine Learning and Deep Neural Networks are becoming a de-facto standard. Nowadays, computing facilities based on the Von Neumann architecture are devoted to these tasks, yet rapidly hitting a bottleneck in performance and energy efficiency. The In-Memory Computing (IMC) architecture emerged as a revolutionary approach to overcome that issue. In this work, we propose an IMC architecture based on Resistive switching memory (RRAM) crossbar arrays to provide a convenient primitive for matrix–vector multiplication in a single computational step. This opens massive performance improvement in the acceleration of a neural network that is frequently used in survival analysis of biomedical records, namely the DeepSurv. We explored how the synaptic weights mapping strategy and the programming algorithms developed to counter RRAM non-idealities expose a performance/energy trade-off. Finally, we assessed the benefits of the proposed architectures with respect to a GPU-based realization of the same task, evidencing a tenfold improvement in terms of performance and three orders of magnitude with respect to energy efficiency. KW - RRAM KW - In-Memory Computing KW - Multilevel switching Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2022.932270 SN - 1662-4548 VL - Vol. 16 SP - 1 EP - 16 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rueda-Escobedo, Juan G. A1 - Sbarciog, Mihaela A1 - Moreno, Jaime A. A1 - Van Impe, Jan A1 - Wouwer, Alain Vande T1 - Robust State and Input Estimation with Enhanced Convergence Rate for Monitoring Anaerobic Digestion T2 - Journal of Process Control N2 - In this study, an observer for estimating the state and unknown inputs is proposed for monitoring anaerobic digestion processes. This estimator is based on a dynamic model considering acidogenesis and methanogenesis, and consists of three sub-observers: (a) a gramian-based fixed-time convergent observer for the inlet chemical oxygen demand (COD) and the acidogenic bacteria population, (b) an asymptotic observer for the methanogenic bacteria population, and (c) a super-twisting observer for systems with time-varying parameters to estimate the inlet volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration. These sub-observers can be designed independently, which greatly simplifies the tuning process. Proofs of convergence are developed and simulation tests show the performance of the estimation scheme as compared to classical extended Kalman filtering. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959152422001421 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jprocont.2022.07.014 SN - 0959-1524 VL - 117 IS - 4 SP - 169 EP - 180 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bonhage, Alexander A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Ramezany, Shaghayegh A1 - Ouimet, William A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Hirsch, Florian T1 - Vertical SOC distribution and aromatic carbon in centuries old charcoal-rich Technosols T2 - European Journal of Soil Science N2 - Charcoal-rich Technosols on century-old relict charcoal hearths (RCHs) are the subject of ongoing research regarding potential legacy effects that result from historic charcoal production and subsequent charcoal amendments on forest soil properties and forest ecosystems today. RCHs consist mostly of Auh horizons that are substantially enriched in soil organic carbon (SOC), of which the largest part seems to be of pyrogenic origin (PyC). However, the reported range of SOC and PyC contents in RCH soil also suggests that they are enriched in nonpyrogenic SOC. RCH soils are discussed as potential benchmarks for the long-term influence of biochar amendment and the post-wildfire influences on soil properties. In this study, we utilised a large soil sample dataset (n = 1245) from 52 RCH sites in north-western Connecticut, USA, to quantify SOC contents by total element analysis. The contents of condensed highly aromatic carbon as a proxy for black carbon (BC) were predicted by using a modified benzene polycarboxylated acid (BPCA) marker method in combination with diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform (DRIFT) spectroscopy-based partial least square regression (r2 = 0.89). A high vertical spatial sampling resolution allowed the identification of soil organic matter (SOM) enrichment and translocation processes. The results show an average 75% and 1862% increase in TOC and BPCA-derived carbon, respectively, for technogenic Auh horizons compared to reference soils. In addition to an increase in aromatic properties, increased carboxylic properties of the RCH SOC suggest self-humification effects of degrading charcoal and thereby the continuing formation of leachable aromatic carbon compounds, which could have effects on pedogenic processes in buried soils. Indeed, we show BPCA-derived carbon concentrations in intermediate technogenic Cu horizons and buried top/subsoils that suggest vertical translocation of highly aromatic carbon originating in RCH Auh horizons. Topmost Auh horizons showed a gradual decrease in total organic carbon (TOC) contents with increasing depth, suggesting accumulation of recent, non-pyrogenic SOM. Lower aliphatic absorptions in RCH soil spectra suggest different SOM turnover dynamics compared to reference soils. Furthermore, studied RCH soils featured additional TOC enrichment, which cannot be fully explained now. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://bsssjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ejss.13293 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.13293 VL - 73 IS - 4 SP - 1 EP - 16 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ehrling, Sebastian A1 - Senkovska, Irena A1 - Efimova, Anastasia A1 - Bon, Volodymyr A1 - Abylgazina, Leila A1 - Petkov, Petko A1 - Evans, Jack D. A1 - Attallah, Ahmed Gamal A1 - Wharmby, Michael Thomas A1 - Roslova, Maria A1 - Huang, Zhehao A1 - Tanaka, Hideki A1 - Wagner, Andreas A1 - Schmidt, Peer A1 - Kaskel, Stefan T1 - Temperature Driven Transformation of the Flexible Metal-Organic Framework DUT-8(Ni) T2 - Chemistry - a European journal N2 - DUT-8(Ni) metal-organic framework belongs to the family of flexible pillared layer materials. The desolvated framework can be obtained in the open pore form (op) or in the closed pore form (cp), depending on the crystal size regime. In the present work, we report on the behaviour of desolvated DUT-8(Ni) at elevated temperatures. For both, op and cp variants, heating causes a structural transition, leading to an new, crystalline compound, containing two interpenetrated networks. The state of the framework before transition (op vs. cp) influences the transition temperature: the small particles of the op phase transform at significantly lower temperature in comparison to the macroparticles of the cp phase, transforming close to the decomposition temperature. The new compound, confined closed pore phase (ccp), was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction and spectroscopic techniques, such as IR, EXAFS, and positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS). Thermal effects of structural cp to ccp transitions were studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), showing an overall exothermic effect of the process, involving bond breaking and reformation. Theoretical calculations reveal the energetics, driving the observed temperature induced phase transition. KW - Metal organic framework (MOF) KW - Thermal analysis KW - Crystal structure KW - Phase transition Y1 - 2022 UR - https://chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/chem.202201281 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.202201281 SN - 1521-3765 VL - 28 IS - 55 SP - 1 EP - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Picerno, Mario A1 - Lee, Sung-Yong A1 - Pasternak, Michal A1 - Siddareddy, Reddy Babu A1 - Franken, Tim A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Andert, Jakob T1 - Real-Time Emission Prediction with Detailed Chemistry under Transient Conditions for Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulations T2 - Energies N2 - The increasing requirements to further reduce pollutant emissions, particularly with regard to the upcoming Euro 7 (EU7) legislation, cause further technical and economic challenges for the development of internal combustion engines. All the emission reduction technologies lead to an increasing complexity not only of the hardware, but also of the control functions to be deployed in engine control units (ECUs). Virtualization has become a necessity in the development process in order to be able to handle the increasing complexity. The virtual development and calibration of ECUs using hardware-in-the-loop (HiL) systems with accurate engine models is an effective method to achieve cost and quality targets. In particular, the selection of the best-practice engine model to fulfil accuracy and time targets is essential to success. In this context, this paper presents a physically- and chemically-based stochastic reactor model (SRM) with tabulated chemistry for the prediction of engine raw emissions for real-time (RT) applications. First, an efficient approach for a time-optimal parametrization of the models in steady-state conditions is developed. The co-simulation of both engine model domains is then established via a functional mock-up interface (FMI) and deployed to a simulation platform. Finally, the proposed RT platform demonstrates its prediction and extrapolation capabilities in transient driving scenarios. A comparative evaluation with engine test dynamometer and vehicle measurement data from worldwide harmonized light vehicles test cycle (WLTC) and real driving emissions (RDE) tests depicts the accuracy of the platform in terms of fuel consumption (within 4% deviation in the WLTC cycle) as well as NOx and soot emissions (both within 20%). KW - hardware-in-the-loop KW - virtual calibration KW - diesel powertrain KW - tabulated chemistry Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/en15010261 SN - 1996-1073 VL - 15 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 21 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herr, Raphael A1 - De Bock, Freia A1 - Diehl, Katharina A1 - Wiedemann, Eva A1 - Sterdt, Elena A1 - Blume, Miriam A1 - Hoffmann, Stephanie A1 - Herke, Max A1 - Reuter, Marvin A1 - Iashchenko, Iryna A1 - Schneider, Sven T1 - Associations of individual factors and early childhood education and care (ECEC) centres characteristics with preschoolers’ BMI in Germany T2 - BMC Public Health N2 - Background The number of obese children is rising worldwide. Many studies have investigated single determinants of children’s body mass index (BMI), yet studies measuring determinants at different potential levels of influence are sparse. The aim of this study is to investigate the independent role of parental socioeconomic position (SEP), additional family factors at the micro level, as well as early childhood education and care (ECEC) centre characteristics at the meso level regarding BMI. Methods Analyses used the baseline data of the PReschool INtervention Study (PRINS) including up to 1,151 children from 53 ECEC centres. Multi-level models first estimated the associations of parental SEP indicators (parental school education, vocational training, and household income) with the children’s standard deviation scores for BMI (SDS BMI, standardised for age and gender). Second, structural (number of siblings), psychosocial (strained family relationships), and nutrition behavioural (soft-drink consumption, frequency of fast-food restaurant visits) family factors at the micro level were included. Third, characteristics of the ECEC centre at the meso level in terms of average group size, the ratio of overweight children in the group, ECEC centre type (all-day care), and the location of the ECEC centre (rural vs urban) were included. All analyses were stratified by gender and adjusted for age, migration background, and parental employment status. Results Estimates for boys and girls appeared to differ. In the full model, for boys the parental SEP indicators were not related to SDS BMI. Factors related to SDS BMI in boys were: two or more siblings; B = -.55; p = 0.045 [ref.: no sibling]), the characteristics of the ECEC centre in terms of average group size (20 – 25 children; B = -.54; p = 0.022 [ref.: < 20 children]), and the ratio of overweight children (more overweight children B = -1.39; p < 0.001 [ref.: few overweight children]). For girls the number of siblings (two and more siblings; B = .67; p = 0.027 [ref.: no sibling]) and average group size (> 25 children; B = -.52; p = 0.037 [ref.: < 20 children]) were related to SDS BMI. Conclusions The BMI of preschool children appears to be associated with determinants at the micro and meso level, however with some gender differences. The identified factors at the micro and meso level appear largely modifiable and can inform about possible interventions to reduce obesity in preschool children. KW - BMI KW - Obesity KW - Preschool children KW - ECEC centres KW - Kindergarten KW - Meso level KW - Socioeconomic position Y1 - 2022 UR - https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-022-13814-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-13814-5 SN - 1471-2458 VL - 22 SP - 1 EP - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mahal, Tobias A1 - Jost, Annemarie T1 - Stigmatisierung von Menschen mit FASD Die Entwicklung des Selbstkonzeptes unter schwierigen Bedingungen T2 - Soziale Arbeit N2 - Menschen mit FASD sehen sich von frühen Jahren an mit Stigmatisierung konfron-tiert, die oft mit negativen Folgen für das Selbstbild der Betroffenen verbunden ist. In dieser Der Beitrag geht der Frage nach, wie die während der Schwangerschaft ent-standene lebenslange Beeinträchtigung in Kombination mit ausgrenzenden Zu-schreibungen, die Entwicklung eines tragfähigen Selbstkonzepts bei Menschen mit FASD gefährden kann. Ein Fokus liegt dabei auf der Rolle von Printmedien. KW - FASD KW - Fetale Alkohol-Spektrumstörungen KW - Selbstkonzept KW - Stigmatisierung KW - Medieneinfluss Y1 - 2022 SN - 0490-1606 VL - 71 IS - 7 SP - 256 EP - 262 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schulze, Susanne A1 - Merz, Sibille A1 - Thier, Anne A1 - Tallarek, Marie A1 - König, Franziska A1 - Uhlenbrock, Greta A1 - Nübling, Matthias A1 - Lincke, Hans-Joachim A1 - Rapp, Michael A. A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Holmberg, Christine T1 - Psychosocial burden in nurses working in nursing homes during the Covid-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study with quantitative and qualitative data T2 - BMC health services research N2 - Background: The Covid-19 pandemic led to increased work-related strain and psychosocial burden in nurses worldwide, resulting in high prevalences of mental health problems. Nurses in long-term care facilities seem to be especially affected by the pandemic. Nevertheless, there are few findings indicating possible positive changes for health care workers. Therefore, we investigated which psychosocial burdens and potential positive aspects nurses working in long-term care facilities experience during the Covid-19 pandemic. Methods: We conducted a mixed-methods study among nurses and nursing assistants working in nursing homes in Germany. The survey contained the third German version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ III). Using Welch's t-tests, we compared the COPSOQ results of our sample against a pre-pandemic reference group of geriatric nurses from Germany. Additionally, we conducted semi-structured interviews with geriatric nurses with a special focus on psychosocial stress, to reach a deeper understanding of their experiences on work-related changes and burdens during the pandemic. Data were analysed using thematic coding (Braun and Clarke). Results: Our survey sample (n = 177) differed significantly from the pre-pandemic reference group in 14 out of 31 COPSOQ scales. Almost all of these differences indicated negative changes. Our sample scored significantly worse regarding the scales 'quantitative demands', 'hiding emotions', 'work-privacy conflicts', 'role conflicts', 'quality of leadership', 'support at work', 'recognition', 'physical demands', 'intention to leave profession', 'burnout', 'presenteeism' and 'inability to relax'. The interviews (n = 15) revealed six main themes related to nurses' psychosocial stress: 'overall working conditions', 'concern for residents', 'management of relatives', 'inability to provide terminal care', 'tensions between being infected and infecting others' and 'technicisation of care'. 'Enhanced community cohesion' (interviews), 'meaning of work' and 'quantity of social relations' (COPSOQ III) were identified as positive effects of the pandemic. Conclusions: Results clearly illustrate an aggravation of geriatric nurses' situation and psychosocial burden and only few positive changes due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Pre-existing hardships seem to have further deteriorated and new stressors added to nurses' strain. The perceived erosion of care, due to an overemphasis of the technical in relation to the social and emotional dimensions of care, seems to be especially burdensome to geriatric nurses. KW - COPSOQ KW - Covid-19 KW - Mixed-methods study KW - Nurses KW - Nursing home KW - Psychosocial burden Y1 - 2022 UR - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35883124/ U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-022-08333-3 SN - 1472-6963 VL - 22 SP - 1 EP - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klimczak, Peter T1 - Fremde Welten – Eigene Welten. Zur kategorisierenden Rolle von Abweichungen für Fiktionalität T2 - Medienkomparatistik KW - Fiktionalität Film KW - Literatur KW - Film KW - Literaturtheorie KW - Film Studies KW - Faktualität Y1 - 2020 SN - 2627-1591 IS - 2 SP - 113 EP - 137 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seemann-Herz, Lisanne A1 - Kansok-Dusche, Julia A1 - Dix, Alexandra A1 - Wachs, Sebastian A1 - Krause, Norman A1 - Ballaschk, Cindy A1 - Schulze-Reichelt, Friederike A1 - Bilz, Ludwig T1 - Schulbezogene Programme zum Umgang mit Hatespeech – Eine kriteriengeleitete Bestandsaufnahme T2 - Zeitschrift für Bildungsforschung N2 - Der vorliegende Beitrag informiert über 14 deutschsprachige Programme zur Prävention und Intervention bei Hatespeech unter Kindern und Jugendlichen (Jahrgangsstufen 5–12). Inhalte und Durchführungsmodalitäten derProgramme sowie Ergebnisse einer kriteriengeleiteten Qualitätseinschätzung anhand von fünf Kriterien werden im Hinblick auf deren Anwendung in der schulischen Praxis beschrieben und erörtert. Der Überblick über Schwerpunkte, Stärken und Entwicklungspotentiale schulbezogener Hatespeech-Programme ermöglicht Leser*innen eine informierte Entscheidung über den Einsatz der Programme in der Schule sowie in der offenen Kinder- und Jugendarbeit. KW - Hatespeech KW - Schule KW - Prävention KW - Intervention KW - Kindes- und Jugendalter Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s35834-022-00348-4 SN - 2190-6890 VL - 12 IS - 3 SP - 597 EP - 614 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hallol, Zeinab A1 - Yousry, Mohamed A1 - Merbold, Sebastian A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Effect of High Reynolds Number on the Behaviour of Large and Very Large Scale Motions in Fully Developed Turbulent Pipe Flow T2 - Fluid Dynamics Y1 - 2022 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1134/S0015462822040048 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1134/S0015462822040048 SN - 0015-4628 SN - 1573-8507 VL - 57 IS - 4 SP - 524 EP - 537 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Matos Fialho, Paula Mayara A1 - Dragano, Nico A1 - Reuter, Marvin A1 - Deindl, Christian A1 - Schleberger, Sarah A1 - Metzendorf, Maria-Inti A1 - Hoffmann, Stephanie A1 - Diehl, Katharina A1 - Wachtler, Benjamin A1 - Schüttig, Wiebke A1 - Herke, Max A1 - Richter, Matthias A1 - Pischke, Claudia R. T1 - School-to-work and school-to-university transition and health inequalities among young adults: a scoping review T2 - BMJ Open N2 - Objectives The main objective was to systematically map evidence regarding the emergence of health inequalities in individuals aged 16–24 years during school-to-work and school-to-university transition (STWT). Second, we aimed to summarise the evidence on potential effects of contextual and compositional characteristics of specific institutional contexts entered during STWT on health and health behaviours. Design Scoping review. Study selection Relevant literature was systematically searched following the methodological framework proposed by Arksey and O’Malley. Ovid MEDLINE and Web of Science, and websites of the International Labour Organization and National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health were searched, using a predetermined search strategy. Articles in English or German published between 1 January 2000 and 3 February 2020 were considered. Data extraction To collect the main information from the selected studies, a data extraction spreadsheet was created. Data were summarised and grouped into five health outcomes and five institutional contexts (school, vocational training, university, work, unemployment). Results A total of 678 articles were screened for inclusion. To be able to draw a picture of the development of various health outcomes over time, we focused on longitudinal studies. Forty-six prospective studies mapping health-related outcomes during STWT were identified. Higher family socioeconomic position (SEP) was associated with higher levels of health behaviour and lower levels of health-damaging behaviour, but there was also some evidence pointing in the opposite direction. Disadvantaged family SEP negatively impacted on mental health and predicted an adverse weight development. There was limited evidence for the outcomes physical/somatic symptoms and self-rated health. Meso-level characteristics of the institutional contexts identified were not systematically assessed, only individual-level factors resulting from an exposure to these contexts, rendering an analysis of effects of contextual and compositional characteristics on health and health behaviours impossible. Conclusions This scoping review demonstrated a wide range of health inequalities during STWT for various health outcomes. However, knowledge on the role of the core institutional contexts regarding the development of health inequalities is limited. KW - School-to-work transition KW - school-to-university transition KW - health inequalities KW - young adults KW - scoping review Y1 - 2022 UR - https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/12/7/e058273 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058273 SN - 2044-6055 VL - 12 IS - 7 SP - e058273 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gerling, Charlotte A1 - Drechsler, Martin A1 - Keuler, Klaus A1 - Leins, Johannes A. A1 - Radtke, Kai A1 - Schulz, Björn A1 - Sturm, Astrid A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - Climate-ecological-economic modelling for the cost-effective spatiotemporal allocation of conservation measures in cultural landscapes facing climate change T2 - Q Open Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/qopen/qoac004 SN - 2633-9048 VL - 2 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 20 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rodríguez Mansilla, Francesc Gabriel T1 - Not without the otters: multi-species coalition against hydro-extractivism and in defense of life in common in southwestern Costa Rica T1 - No sin las nutrias: coalición multiespecie contra el hidroextractivismo y en defensa de la vida en común en el suroeste de Costa Rica T2 - Ecologia Política N2 - For the past two decades, dozens of rivers in Costa Rica have been threatened by the plans of hydroelectric developers to build private run-of-the-river dams. Local communities adjacent to the rivers located between the Talamanca Mountain range and the Pacific Ocean stopped this attempt at hydroextractive expansion after a years-long struggle against dams and in defense of life. Based on a multi-species ethnography, in this article I show how the otters that inhabit these rivers, are also protagonists of this struggle. To do so, I expose the multi-species coalition formed in these communities in response to the absence of otters in the Environmental Impact Assessment of the San Rafael hydroelectric project. N2 - Desde hace sobre todo dos décadas numerosos ríos de Costa Rica se han visto amenazados por los planes de desarrolladores eléctricos privados para construir represas a filo de agua. Las comunidades locales adyacentes a los ríos situados entre la cordillera de Talamanca y el océano Pacífico detuvieron ese intento de expansión hidroextractivista tras una lucha de varios años contra las represas y en defensa de la vida. A partir de una etnografía multiespecies, en este artículo muestro cómo las nutrias que habitan esos ríos también son protagonistas de esa lucha. Para ello expongo la coalición multiespecie formada en esas comunidades en respuesta a la ausencia de las nutrias en la Evaluación de Impacto Ambiental del proyecto hidroeléctrico San Rafael. KW - political ecology KW - extractivism KW - environmental impact assessment KW - Costa Rica KW - non-human animals Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.ecologiapolitica.info/not-without-the-otters-multi-species-coalition-against-hydro-extractivism-and-in-defense-of-life-in-common-in-southwestern-costa-rica/ SN - 1130-6378 VL - 63 SP - 65 EP - 69 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cosma, Alina A1 - Bjereld, Ylva A1 - Elgar, Frank J. A1 - Richardson, Clive A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Craig, Wendy M. A1 - Augustine, Lilly A1 - Molcho, Michal A1 - Malinowska-Cieślik, Marta A1 - Walsh, Sophie D. T1 - Gender Differences in Bullying Reflect Societal Gender Inequality: A Multilevel Study With Adolescents in 46 Countries T2 - Journal of Adolescent Health N2 - Purpose. Social patterns in bullying show consistent gender differences in adolescent perpetration and victimization with large cross-national variations. Previous research shows associations between societal gender inequality and gender differences in some violent behaviors in adolescents. Therefore, there is a need to go beyond individual associations and use a more social ecological perspective when examining gender differences in bullying behaviors. The aim of the present study was twofold: (1) to explore cross-national gender differences in bullying behaviors and (2) to examine whether national-level gender inequality relates to gender differences in adolescent bullying behaviors. Methods. Traditional bullying and cyberbullying were measured in 11-year-olds to 15-year-olds in the 2017/18 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study (n = 200,423). We linked individual data to national gender inequality (Gender Inequality Index, 2018) in 46 countries and tested their association using mixed-effects (multilevel) logistic regression models. Results. Large cross-national variations were observed in gender differences in bullying. Boys had higher odds of perpetrating both traditional and cyberbullying and victimization by traditional bullying than girls. Greater gender inequality at country level was associated with heightened gender differences in traditional bullying. In contrast, lower gender inequality was associated with larger gender differences for cyber victimization. Discussion. Societal gender inequality relates to adolescents' involvement in bullying and gendered patterns in bullying. Public health policy should target societal factors that have an impact on young people's behavior. KW - bullying KW - cyberbullying KW - gender inequality KW - gender KW - victimization KW - perpetration KW - cross-national KW - HBSC Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2022.05.015 SN - 1054-139X VL - 71 IS - 5 SP - 601 EP - 608 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shapovalov, Oleg A1 - Heckel, Thomas A1 - Gaal, Mate A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - External Acoustical Damping on a Metallic Angle Wedge in a High Temperature Resistant Ultrasonic Probe T2 - Acoustics Australia N2 - Ultrasonic probes for high-temperature applications are provided with metallic wedges, which can withstand the contact with the high temperature of the inspected structure. The ultrasonic signal travels within the wedge and gets reflected from its boundaries, causing interference signals called “ghost echoes”. The current work presents an investigation of the additional damping effect provided by porous sintered metal plates applied onto the surface of the wedge. In particular, the study evaluates the effect of damping plate thickness on the interference signal level at different transmission frequencies. Damping plates made of sintered metal SIKA-R 15 AX were attached to a wedge prototype made of steel 1.4301. The study revealed, that the most effective thickness of damping plates in the selected frequency interval of 1 to 4 MHz is equal to 4 mm. The evaluation of the interference signal has shown that the application of such damping plates to the wedge surface contributes to an additional attenuation of an interference signal of 10 to 30 dB after 500 µs of signal propagation. KW - Ultrasonic Testing KW - High temperature KW - Acoustical damping KW - Angle wedge KW - Ultrasonic probe Y1 - 2022 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40857-022-00270-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s40857-022-00270-9 SN - 1839-2571 VL - 50 IS - 3 SP - 343 EP - 353 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kostorz, Kathrin A1 - Flanagin, Virginia A1 - Glasauer, Stefan T1 - Intersubject synchrony of viewers during naturalistic observational learning of a complex bimanual task T2 - Neuroimage: Reports N2 - Watching an instructional video has become a common way to learn a new task. However, we have but a sparse understanding of the neural processes involved during observational learning in naturalistic settings. Recently developed data driven methods for analyzing brain activity provide an opportunity for further investigation. Here, we evaluate intersubject synchrony during fMRI to understand common brain processes during naturalistic observational learning. Participants solitarily watched an instructional video and learned how to fold a paper figure. Three learning runs were sufficient to successfully solve the task. To assess interbrain synchrony, we extended previous principal component (PCA)-based methods to an intersubject principal component analysis (PCA), which offers multiple measures for additional insights into the nature of the synchrony. Using the different metrics of this method, we show a robust synchronous involvement of the action observation execution network (AOEN) in observational learning, between subjects as well as within subjects, regardless of the task or video content. Importantly, additional areas such as the cerebellum, primary motor cortex, control, and sensory integration areas also showed robust synchrony in observational learning. Complimentary to this robust general synchrony, individual regions of the AOEN exhibited task-related differences. Synchrony decreased during the learning process, likely reflecting task state and individual learning strategies. To test the stimulus as a possible source of synchrony, we quantified the temporal structure as the optic flow of the instructional video. Optic flow was strongly related to common activation of the somatomotor areas of the AOEN well beyond visual areas, but could not completely explain synchrony. Thus, although visual motion provides a proxy for meaningful hand actions, our results suggest that intersubject synchrony reflects common cognitive processing during observa- tional learning beyond sensory input. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ynirp.2022.100084 SN - 2666-9560 VL - 2 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Shi, Zhuanghua T1 - Individual beliefs about temporal continuity explain variation of perceptual biases T2 - Scientific Reports N2 - Perception of magnitudes such as duration or distance is often found to be systematically biased. The biases, which result from incorporating prior knowledge in the perceptual process, can vary considerably between individuals. The variations are commonly attributed to differences in sensory precision and reliance on priors. However, another factor not considered so far is the implicit belief about how successive sensory stimuli are generated: independently from each other or with certain temporal continuity. The main types of explanatory models proposed so far—static or iterative—mirror this distinction but cannot adequately explain individual biases. Here we propose a new unifying model that explains individual variation as combination of sensory precision and beliefs about temporal continuity and predicts the experimentally found changes in biases when altering temporal continuity. Thus, according to the model, individual differences in perception depend on beliefs about how stimuli are generated in the world. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-14939-8 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sternsdorff, Florian A1 - Ciupack, Yvonne A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut T1 - Experimental Investigations on Innovative Crack Repair Methods and reinforcing Steel Structures with Adhesivly Bonded CFRP - Lamellas T2 - Engineering Structures and Technologies Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3846/est.2021.15036 SN - 2029-882X SN - 2029-8838 VL - 13 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krüger, Timmo A1 - Eichenauer, Eva A1 - Gailing, Ludger T1 - Whose future is it anyway? Struggles for just energy futures T2 - Futures Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2022.103018 SN - 0016-3287 VL - 142 SP - 103018-1 EP - 103018-5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, Jörg A1 - Brandl, Roland A1 - Cadotte, Marc W. A1 - Heibl, Christoph A1 - Bässler, Claus A1 - Weiß, Ingmar A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - A replicated study on the response of spider assemblages to regional and local processes T2 - Ecological Monographs N2 - Understanding species richness variation among local communities is one of the central topics in ecology, but the complex interplay of regional processes, environmental filtering, and local processes hampers generalization on the importance of different processes. Here, we aim to unravel drivers of spider community assembly in temperate forests by analyzing two independent data sets covering gradients in elevation and forest succession. We test the following four hypotheses: (H1) spider assemblages within a region are limited by dispersal, (H2) local environment has a dominant influence on species composition and (H3) resources, and (H4) biotic interactions both affect species richness patterns. In a comprehensive approach, we studied species richness, abundance, taxonomic composition, and trait-phylogenetic dissimilarity of assemblages. The decrease in taxonomic similarity with increasing spatial distance was very weak, failing to support H1. Functional clustering of species in general and with canopy openness strongly supported H2. Moreover, this hypothesis was supported by a positive correlation between environmental and taxonomic similarity and by an increase in abundance with canopy openness. Resource determination of species richness (H3) could be confirmed only by the decrease of species richness with canopy cover. Finally, decreasing species richness with functional clustering indicating effects of biotic interactions (H4) could only be found in one analysis and only in one data set. In conclusion, our findings indicate that spider assemblages within a region are mainly determined by local environmental conditions, while resource availability, biotic interactions and dispersal play a minor role. Our approach shows that both the analysis of different aspects of species diversity and replication of community studies are necessary to identify the complex interplay of processes forming local assemblages. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ecm.1511 SN - 1557-7015 VL - 92 IS - 3 SP - 1 EP - 19 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Morales, Carlos A1 - Pascual, Antonio A1 - Leinen, Dietmar A1 - Flores, Eduardo A1 - Muñoz-Cortes, Esmeralda A1 - Leardini, Fabrice A1 - Ares, José Ramón A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo A1 - Soriano, Leonardo A1 - Ferrer, Isabel J. A1 - Sanchez, Carlos T1 - Reaction Mechanism and Kinetic Model of Fe Thin Film Transformation into Monosulfides (FeS): First Step of the Fe Films Sulfuration Process into Pyrite T2 - The Journal of Physical Chemistry C N2 - The sulfuration of metallic iron layers into pyrite (FeS2) is preceded by an initial stage characterized by the iron transformation into monosulfide, which acts as a precursor of the disulfide. This work presents a comprehensive reaction and kinetic model of the sulfuration reaction of metallic iron thin films into monosulfides when a molecular sulfur (S2) atmosphere is used. By slowing down the sulfuration reaction, we have been able to follow in situ the evolution of the transport properties (electrical resistivity and Seebeck coefficient) of the Fe films during their sulfuration reaction to monosulfides. We show that two different stages characterize this initial sulfuration: (1) the transformation of Fe into hexagonal pyrrhotite (Fe → Fe1–xSH) and (2) a partial crystallographic transformation of this hexagonal pyrrhotite into orthorhombic pyrrhotite (Fe1–xSH → Fe1–xSO). A two-step process can explain the pyrrhotite hexagonal phase formation, being first controlled by the surface adsorption of S2 on the external sample interface (S2/pyrrhotite) and second by the diffusion of Fe atoms through the formed pyrrhotite layer. By deducing the corresponding kinetic equations in terms of the experimental parameters (S2 partial pressure and thicknesses of the layers of present species), we can explain the evolution of the electrical resistance and Seebeck coefficient of the original Fe film during its transformation into monosulfide. At the same time, the appearance of the Kirkendall effect during the monosulfide phase formation is experimental and formally justified. The comprehensive description of this first stage of the complete sulfuration process of the Fe film into pyrite provides a layout to deeply discuss the influence of these intermedium phases on the final iron disulfide film characteristics and the appearance of potential film defects related to the experimental growth conditions. KW - Fe thin films KW - sulfuration KW - kinetics KW - transport properties KW - Kirkendall effect KW - Seebeck coefficient KW - resistivity Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.2c02060 SN - 1932-7455 SN - 1932-7447 VL - 126 IS - 32 SP - 13870 EP - 13883 ER - TY - GEN A1 - König, Rosalie A1 - Kiebist, Jan A1 - Kalmbach, Johannes A1 - Herzog, Robert A1 - Schmidtke, Kai-Uwe A1 - Kellner, Harald A1 - Ullrich, René A1 - Jehmlich, Nico A1 - Hofrichter, Martin A1 - Scheibner, Katrin T1 - Novel unspecific peroxygenase from Truncatella angustata catalyzes the synthesis of bioactive lipid mediators T2 - Microorganisms N2 - Lipid mediators, such as epoxidized or hydroxylated eicosanoids (EETs, HETEs) of arachidonic acid (AA), are important signaling molecules and play diverse roles at different physiological and pathophysiological levels. The EETs and HETEs formed by the cytochrome P450 enzymes are still not fully explored, but show interesting anti-inflammatory properties, which make them attractive as potential therapeutic target or even as therapeutic agents. Conventional methods of chemical synthesis require several steps and complex separation techniques and lead only to low yields. Using the newly discovered unspecific peroxygenase TanUPO from the ascomycetous fungus Truncatella angustata, 90% regioselective conversion of AA to 14,15-EET could be achieved. Selective conversion of AA to 18-HETE, 19-HETE as well as to 11,12-EET and 14,15-EET was also demonstrated with known peroxygenases, i.e., AaeUPO, CraUPO, MroUPO, MweUPO and CglUPO. The metabolites were confirmed by HPLC-ELSD, MS1 and MS2 spectrometry as well as by comparing their analytical data with authentic standards. Protein structure simulations of TanUPO provided insights into its substrate access channel and give an explanation for the selective oxyfunctionalization of AA. The present study expands the scope of UPOs as they can now be used for selective syntheses of AA metabolites that serve as reference material for diagnostics, for structure-function elucidation as well as for therapeutic and pharmacological purposes KW - eicosanoids KW - lipid mediators KW - EETs KW - HETEs KW - unspecific peroxygenases KW - human drug KW - metabolites KW - biocatalysis KW - TanUPO Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/7/1267 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10071267 SN - 2076-2607 VL - 10 IS - 7 SP - 1 EP - 18 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Straka, Hans T1 - Low Gain Values of the Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex Can Optimize Retinal Image Slip T2 - Frontiers in Neurology N2 - The angular vestibulo-ocular reflex (aVOR) stabilizes retinal images by counter-rotating the eyes during head rotations. Perfect compensatory movements would thus rotate the eyes exactly opposite to the head, that is, eyes vs. head would exhibit a unity gain. However, in many species, but also in elderly humans or patients with a history of vestibular damage, the aVOR is far from compensatory with gains that are in part considerably lower than unity. The reason for this apparent suboptimality is unknown. Here, we propose that low VOR gain values reflect an optimal adaptation to sensory and motor signal variability. According to this hypothesis, gaze stabilization mechanisms that aim at minimizing the overall retinal image slip must consider the effects of (1) sensory and motor noise and (2) dynamic constraints of peripheral and central nervous processing. We demonstrate that a computational model for optimizing retinal image slip in the presence of such constraints of signal processing in fact predicts gain values smaller than unity. We further show specifically for tadpoles of the clawed toad, Xenopus laevis with particularly low gain values that previously reported VOR gains quantitatively correspond to the observed variability of eye movements and thus constitute an optimal adaptation mechanism. We thus hypothesize that lower VOR gain values in elderly human subjects or recovered patients with a history of vestibular damage may be the sign of an optimization given higher noise levels rather than a direct consequence of the damage, such as an inability of executing fast compensatory eye movements. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2022.897293 SN - 1664-2295 VL - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Connolly, Shannon A1 - Gilbert, David A1 - Heiner, Monika T1 - From Epidemic to Pandemic Modelling T2 - Frontiers in Systems Biology N2 - We present a methodology for systematically extending epidemic models to multilevel and multiscale spatio-temporal pandemic ones. Our approach builds on the use of coloured stochastic and continuous Petri nets facilitating the sound component-based extension of basic SIR models to include population stratification and also spatio-geographic information and travel connections, represented as graphs, resulting in robust stratified pandemic metapopulation models. The epidemic components and the spatial and stratification data are combined together in these coloured models and built in to the underlying expanded models. As a consequence this method is inherently easy to use, producing scalable and reusable models with a high degree of clarity and accessibility which can be read either in a deterministic or stochastic paradigm. Our method is supported by a publicly available platform PetriNuts; it enables the visual construction and editing of models; deterministic, stochastic and hybrid simulation as well as structural and behavioural analysis. All models are available as Supplementary Material, ensuring reproducibility. All uncoloured Petri nets can be animated within a web browser at https://www-dssz.informatik.tu-cottbus.de/DSSZ/Research/ModellingEpidemics, assisting the comprehension of those models. We aim to enable modellers and planners to construct clear and robust models by themselves. KW - SIR model KW - coloured Petri nets KW - stochastic Petri nets KW - continuous Petri nets KW - ODEs KW - simulation KW - geographic spatio-temporal modelling KW - multiscale models Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsysb.2022.861562/full U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fsysb.2022.861562 SN - 2674-0702 VL - 2 SP - 1 EP - 23 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liu, Fei A1 - Heiner, Monika A1 - Gilbert, David T1 - Hybrid modelling of biological systems: current progress and future prospects T2 - Briefings in Bioinformatics N2 - Integrated modelling of biological systems is becoming a necessity for constructing models containing the major biochemical processes of such systems in order to obtain a holistic understanding of their dynamics and to elucidate emergent behaviours. Hybrid modelling methods are crucial to achieve integrated modelling of biological systems. This paper reviews currently popular hybrid modelling methods, developed for systems biology, mainly revealing why they are proposed, how they are formed from single modelling formalisms and how to simulate them. By doing this, we identify future research requirements regarding hybrid approaches for further promoting integrated modelling of biological systems. KW - biological modelling KW - hybrid modelling KW - modelling formalisms Y1 - 2022 UR - https://academic.oup.com/bib/article/23/3/bbac081/6555400 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/bib/bbac081 SN - 1477-4054 SN - 1467-5463 VL - 23 IS - 3 SP - 1 EP - 15 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Assaf, George A1 - Heiner, Monika A1 - Liu, Fei T1 - Coloured fuzzy Petri nets for modelling and analysing membrane systems T2 - Biosystems N2 - Membrane systems are a very powerful computational modelling formalism inspired by the internal organisation of living cells. Modelling of membrane systems is challenged by composing many structurally similar components, which may result in very large models. Furthermore, some components may suffer from a lack of precise kinetic parameters. Coloured fuzzy Petri nets combine coloured Petri nets with fuzzy kinetic parameters, and thus offer an approach to address these challenges. In this paper, we use coloured fuzzy Petri nets to model and simulate membrane systems which are enriched by fuzzy kinetic parameters. We also introduce a methodology and workflow utilising coloured fuzzy Petri nets for modelling and simulating general biological systems which have to cope with incomplete knowledge of their kinetic data. KW - Fuzzy membrane systems KW - Parameter uncertainties KW - Coloured fuzzy stochastic Petri nets KW - Coloured fuzzy continuous Petri net KW - Coloured fuzzy hybrid Petri net KW - Modelling KW - Fuzzy simulation Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0303264721002318?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystems.2021.104592 SN - 0303-2647 VL - 212 SP - 1 EP - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Assaf, George A1 - Heiner, Monika A1 - Liu, Fei T1 - Colouring Fuzziness for Systems Biology T2 - Theoretical Computer Science N2 - Snoopy is a powerful modelling and simulation tool for various types of Petri nets, which have been applied to a wide range of biochemical reaction networks. We present an enhanced version of Snoopy, now supporting coloured and uncoloured stochastic, continuous and hybrid Petri Nets with fuzzy kinetic parameters. Colour helps to cope with modelling challenges imposed by larger and more complex networks. Fuzzy parameters are specifically useful when kinetic parameter values can not be precisely measured or estimated. By running fuzzy simulation we obtain output bands of the variables of interest induced by the effect of the fuzzy kinetic parameters. Simulation is always done on the uncoloured level. For this purpose, coloured fuzzy Petri nets are automatically unfolded to their corresponding uncoloured counterparts. Combining the power of fuzzy kinetic parameters with the modelling convenience of coloured Petri nets provides a new quality in user support with sophisticated modelling and analysis features. KW - fuzzy logic KW - Fuzzy kinetic parameters KW - Coloured fuzzy continuous, stochastic and hybrid Petri nets KW - Modelling and simulation KW - Modelling uncertainty Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0304397521002152?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcs.2021.04.011 SN - 1879-2294 SN - 0304-3975 VL - 875 SP - 52 EP - 64 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liu, Fei A1 - Assaf, George A1 - Chen, Ming A1 - Heiner, Monika T1 - A Petri nets-based framework for whole-cell modeling T2 - Biosystems N2 - Whole-cell modeling aims to incorporate all main genes and processes, and their interactions of a cell in one model. Whole-cell modeling has been regarded as the central aim of systems biology but also as a grand challenge, which plays essential roles in current and future systems biology. In this paper, we analyze whole-cell modeling challenges and requirements and classify them into three aspects (or dimensions): heterogeneous biochemical networks, uncertainties in components, and representation of cell structure. We then explore how to use different Petri net classes to address different aspects of whole-cell modeling requirements. Based on these analyses, we present a Petri nets-based framework for whole-cell modeling, which not only addresses many whole-cell modeling requirements, but also offers a graphical, modular, and hierarchical modeling tool. We think this framework can offer a feasible modeling approach for whole-cell model construction. KW - Whole-cell modeling KW - Systems biology KW - Petri nets KW - Modeling framework Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0303264721001738?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystems.2021.104533 SN - 0303-2647 SN - 1872-8324 VL - 210 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kellner, Harald A1 - Friedrich, Stephanie A1 - Schmidtke, Kai-Uwe A1 - Ullrich, René A1 - Kiebist, Jan A1 - Zänder, Daniel A1 - Hofrichter, Martin A1 - Scheibner, Katrin T1 - Draft genome sequence of Truncatella angustata (Anamorph) S358 T2 - Microbiology resource announcement N2 - The ascomycete Truncatella angustata has a worldwide distribution. Commonly, it is associated with plants as an endophyte, pathogen, or saprotroph. The genome assembly comprises 44.9 Mbp, a G+C content of 49.2%, and 12,353 predicted genes, among them 12 unspecific peroxygenases (EC 1.11.2.1). KW - unspecific peroxygenase KW - GENOME SEQUENCES KW - Truncatella angustata Y1 - 2022 UR - https://journals.asm.org/doi/epub/10.1128/mra.00052-22 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1128/mra.00052-22 SN - 2169-8287 SN - 2576-098X VL - 11 IS - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Mengyi A1 - Wamp, Sabrina A1 - Gibhardt, Johannes A1 - Holland, Gudrun A1 - Schwedt, Inge A1 - Schmidtke, Kai-Uwe A1 - Scheibner, Katrin A1 - Halbedel, Sven A1 - Commichau, Fabian M. T1 - Adaptation of Listeria monocytogenes to perturbation of c-di-AMP metabolism underpins its role in osmoadaptation and identifies a fosfomycin uptake system T2 - Environmental microbiology N2 - The human pathogen Listeria monocytogenes synthesizes and degrades c-di-AMP using the diadenylate cyclase CdaA and the phosphodiesterases PdeA and PgpH respectively. c-di-AMP is essential because it prevents the uncontrolled uptake of osmolytes. Here, we studied the phenotypes of cdaA, pdeA, pgpH and pdeA pgpH mutants with defects in c-di-AMP metabolism and characterized suppressor mutants restoring their growth defects. The characterization of the pdeA pgpH mutant revealed that the bacteria show growth defects in defined medium, a phenotype that is invariably suppressed by mutations in cdaA. The previously reported growth defect of the cdaA mutant in rich medium is suppressed by mutations that osmotically stabilize the c-di-AMP-free strain. We also found that the cdaA mutant has an increased sensitivity against isoleucine. The isoleucine-dependent growth inhibition of the cdaA mutant is suppressed by codY mutations that likely reduce the DNA-binding activity of encoded CodY variants. Moreover, the characterization of the cdaA suppressor mutants revealed that the Opp oligopeptide transport system is involved in the uptake of the antibiotic fosfomycin. In conclusion, the suppressor analysis corroborates a key function of c-di-AMP in controlling osmolyte homeostasis in L. monocytogenes. KW - Listeria monocytogenes KW - c-di-AMP metabolism Y1 - 2022 UR - https://sfamjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1462-2920.16084?af=R U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.16084 SN - 1462-2920 VL - 24 IS - 9 SP - 4466 EP - 4488 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Albrecht, Eike A1 - Agbortoko M. Ayuk, Nkem A1 - Ernest, Enow T1 - The Legal Aspect of Waste Management in Cameroon with Focus on the Buea Municipality T2 - Journal of Geoscience and Environmental Protection N2 - Waste production remains an inevitable part of human activity on earth. The history of waste reveals that high levels of urbanisation, sustained urban growth and increasing residential neighbourhoods remain commensurate to poor sanitation and quality of life if proper measures are not taken. This pa per therefore examines the legal practices involved in waste management and to understand the challenges faced as well as propose solutions towards an improved waste management system. The work constitutes mainly secondary source data that includes the existing laws on waste management in Came roon and other documents relating to waste from different ministries. The residents of Buea and workers of the waste management company were inter viewed to get their views on waste management in Buea. Also, field observa tions were made to compare results with field realities. The collected data was analysed using the content analysis and descriptive techniques. Results ob tained proved that there exist well stated laws for waste management in Ca meroon. However, there is poor implementation of the existing laws with evi dence of waste littering within neighbourhoods and along the streets. This study concludes that there should be proper sensitization of the public about existing laws and to strengthen the waste management process with use of the laws. An all-integrated approach with active community participation was rec ommended as a way out towards sustainable waste management in Buea KW - Waste Management KW - Waste Law KW - Ressources KW - Cameroon KW - Buea KW - Subsahara Africa KW - Waste Sorting KW - Sustainable Waste Management KW - Recycling Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.scirp.org/pdf/gep_2022080910052746.pdf U6 - https://doi.org/10.4236/gep.2022.108002 SN - 2327-4344 SN - 2327-4336 VL - 10 IS - 8 SP - 9 EP - 23 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wandschneider, Lisa A1 - Batram-Zantvoort, Stephanie A1 - Alaze, Anita A1 - Niehues, Vera A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Razum, Oliver A1 - Miani, Céline T1 - Self-reported mental well-being of mothers with young children during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany: A mixed-methods study T2 - Women’s Health N2 - Objectives: Mothers of young children have been identified as a particularly vulnerable group during the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to explore how occupational, psychosocial and partnership-related factors were associated with their self-reported mental well-being during the first COVID-19 wave. Methods: Five hundred fifty participants of the BaBi cohort study (est. 2013, Bielefeld, North-Rhine Westphalia, Germany) were invited to complete an online survey and to take part in email interviews (April–May 2020). With survey data, we assessed self-reported mental well-being through validated instruments (eight-item Patient Health Questionnaire; short version of the Symptom Checklist) and ran linear regression models for occupational, psychosocial and partnership-related factors. We performed content analysis on the interviews’ data to further understand the determinants of the women’s mental well-being. Results: One hundred twenty-four women participated in the survey; of which 17 also participated in the interviews. A perceived lack of support in childcare was associated with higher levels of depressive symptoms, while having a higher internal locus of control was associated with lower levels. Psychological distress was higher in those reporting lack of emotional or childcare support. Interviews confirmed the interplay of potential stressors and highlighted the difficulties to reconcile different expectations of motherhood. Discussion: Occupational, psychosocial and partner-related factors can act (to varying degree) both as resources and stressors to the self-reported mental well-being of mothers of young children. These impacts took different forms and created opportunities or challenges, depending on specific life circumstances, such as work or family situations, relationships and own psychosocial resources. Although not representative, our study contributes to building the COVID-19 evidence base, delineating the mental health toll of the pandemic on mothers of young children and the factors that contribute to it. KW - COVID-19 KW - mental health KW - mixed-methods analysis KW - motherhood KW - ccupational status KW - psychosocial determinants KW - well-being Y1 - 2022 UR - https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/17455057221114274 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/17455057221114274 SN - 1617-8041 VL - 18 SP - 1 EP - 17 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sharma, Sparsh A1 - Klein, Marten A1 - Schmidt, Heiko T1 - Features of far-downstream asymptotic velocity fluctuations in a round jet: A one-dimensional turbulence study T2 - Physics of Fluids KW - stochastic modeling KW - turbulent round jet KW - one-dimensional turbulence KW - jet similarity KW - multi-scale fluctuation modeling Y1 - 2022 UR - https://aip.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/5.0101270 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0101270 SN - 1089-7666 VL - 34 IS - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Straka, Hans T1 - Ear pins down evolution of thermoregulation T2 - Nature N2 - An analysis of fossil specimens of the inner ear helps to refine the timeframe of a key transition in vertebrate evolution — when our mammal-like ancestors began to regulate and maintain a high body temperature. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-022-01943-1 IS - 607 SP - 661 EP - 662 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Claus, Sylvia T1 - Coop 3. L’ habitat d’ utilité publique dans la Suisse de l’entre-deux-guerres T1 - Coop 3. Public-spirited urban planning in inter-war Switzerland T2 - Faces : journal d'architecture Y1 - 2021 SN - 0258-6800 VL - No. 79 SP - 7 EP - 21 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Evdokimov, Anton A1 - Jasiewicz, Filip A1 - Doynov, Nikolay A1 - Ossenbrink, Ralf A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Simulation of surface heat treatment with inclined laser beam T2 - Journal of Manufacturing Processes N2 - The beam inclination leads to a change in the laser spot size on the material surface. The higher the inclination, the larger the irradiated area and the lower the laser intensity. Moreover, if the material surface is outside of the beam focal plane, the intensity distribution profile becomes asymmetric. In this study, a heat source model, which calculates the intensity distribution on the workpiece surface as a function of beam parameters (beam waist, divergence half-angle) and process parameters (laser power, incidence angle, and distance to focal plane) was developed. The applicability of the heat source model was demonstrated by simulating 4 different laser hardening regimes. Once the heat efficiency coefficient had been calibrated the developed finite-element model allowed computation of temperatures while hardening with perpendicular laser beams as well as with inclined beams. The open-source software FEniCSx was used for the finite element computations. The mathematical formulation, required for performing temperature simulations with FEniCSx was briefly introduced. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmapro.2022.06.051 SN - 1526-6125 VL - 81 SP - 107 EP - 114 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Froeschke, Samuel A1 - Wolf, Daniel A1 - Hantusch, Martin A1 - Giebeler, Lars A1 - Wels, Martin A1 - Gräßler, Nico A1 - Büchner, Bernd A1 - Schmidt, Peer A1 - Hampel, Silke T1 - Synthesis of micro- and nanosheets of CrCl3–RuCl3 solid solution by chemical vapour transport T2 - Nanoscale N2 - Solid solutions of 2D transition metal trihalides are rapidly growing in interest for the search for new 2D materials with novel properties at nanoscale dimensions. In this regard, we present a synthesis method for the Cr1−xRuxCl3 solid solution and describe the behaviour of the unit cell parameters over the whole composition range, which in general follows Vegard's law in the range of a = 5.958(6)CrCl3 … 5.9731(5)RuCl3 Å, b = 10.3328(20)CrCl3 … 10.34606(21)RuCl3 Å, c = 6.110(5)CrCl3 … 6.0385(5)RuCl3 Å and β = 108.522(15)CrCl3 … 108.8314(14)RuCl3 °. The synthesized solid solution powder was subsequently used to deposit micro- and nanosheets directly on a substrate by applying chemical vapour transport in a temperature gradient of 575 °C → 525 °C for 2 h and 650 °C → 600 °C for 0.5 h as a bottom-up approach without the need for an external transport agent. The observed chromium chloride enrichment of the deposited crystals is predicted by thermodynamic simulation. The results allow for a nanostructure synthesis of this solid solution with a predictable composition down to about 30 nm in height and lateral size of several μm. When applying a quick consecutive delamination step, it is possible to obtain few- and monolayer structures, which could be used for further studies of downscaling effects for the CrCl3–RuCl3 solid solution. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy were used to confirm the purity and quality of the synthesized crystals. KW - Crystal growth KW - Chemical vapor transport KW - Thermal analysis KW - Thermodynamic modeling KW - 2D layered compounds Y1 - 2022 UR - https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2022/NR/D2NR01366E U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/D2NR01366E SN - 2040-3372 VL - 29 IS - 14 SP - 10483 EP - 10492 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hansen, Felix A1 - Fucke, Rico A1 - Charvin, Titouan A1 - Froeschke, Samuel A1 - Wolf, Daniel A1 - Giraud, Romain A1 - Dufouleur, Joseph A1 - Gräßler, Nico A1 - Büchner, Bernd A1 - Schmidt, Peer A1 - Hampel, Silke T1 - Direct Deposition of (BixSb1–x)2Te3 Nanosheets on Si/SiO2 Substrates by Chemical Vapor Transport T2 - Crystal growth & design N2 - The tellurides of bismuth and antimony (Bi2Te3 and Sb2Te3) are prominent members of the V2VI3 material family that exhibit promising topological properties. We provide a method for the rational synthesis of mixed crystals of these materials ((BixSb1–x)2Te3 with x = 0.1, ..., 0.9) by means of a bottom-up chemical vapor transport (CVT) approach. Thermodynamic calculations showed the synthesis to be possible in the temperature range of 390–560 °C without significant enrichment of either component and without adding a transport agent. The starting materials were synthesized and verified by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Optimization experiments showed the ideal conditions for nanosheet synthesis to be T2 = 560 °C, T1 = 390 °C with a reaction time of t = 36 h. Crystals with heights of down to 12 nm (12 quintuple layers) were synthesized and analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry, and atomic force microscopy. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy confirmed the R3̅m crystal structure, high crystallinity, and overall quality of the synthesized (BixSb1–x)2Te3 nanosheets. Magnetotransport measurements revealed that such ternary compounds can have a significantly reduced carrier density compared to the binary parent compounds. KW - Crystal growth KW - Chemical vapor transport KW - Thermodynamic modeling KW - Chalcogenides Y1 - 2022 UR - https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.cgd.1c01446 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.cgd.1c01446 SN - 1528-7505 SN - 1528-7483 VL - 22 IS - 4 SP - 2354 EP - 2363 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bürger, Patrick A1 - Riebel, Ulrich T1 - High temperature coronas in air and flue gas from LPG combustion: Current-voltage characteristics, ion mobilities and free electrons T2 - Journal of Electrostatics N2 - Positive and negative corona discharges were studied at atmospheric pressure in a tube-wire geometry with a tube diameter of 150 mm. Current-voltage characteristics (CVCs) were measured both in air and in flue gas produced with a liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) burner, covering temperatures from ambient up to 1073 K. Corona operation was stable over the whole temperature range with positive polarity and up to 973 K with negative polarity. Based on a detailed analysis of the original CVC measurements, new insights on the temperature-dependent mobility of gas ions, on the occurrence of free electrons and on the electronic current contribution are presented. Deviations from the Townsend theory of CVCs can be ascribed to the lifetime-dependency of ion mobility caused by the formation of cluster ions. The contribution from free electrons is found to depend on temperature and tube radius. KW - High-temperature gas cleaning KW - Electrostatic precipitation KW - Corona discharge KW - Current-voltage characteristics KW - Gas ion mobility KW - Free electrons KW - Onset voltage Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304388622000730 SN - 1873-5738 VL - 115 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bürger, Patrick A1 - Riebel, Ulrich T1 - Feasibility of high-temperature electrostatic precipitation for the removal of nanoparticles: A case study on iron oxide separation at up to 800 ºC T2 - Journal of Electrostatics N2 - The removal of nanoparticles from hot gas streams is a challenging task. However, there is a huge potential for heat recovery from waste gas incineration, glass furnaces, ceramic, metallurgical, pyrolytic and many other high temperature processes. A prototype application is the separation of nanoparticles formed by condensation in thermal post-combustion processes, in order to achieve efficient heat recovery at high temperatures. This case study evaluates the performance of a high-temperature electrostatic precipitator (HT-ESP) between 400 and 800 ºC for both discharge polarities. The tube-type ESP with 150 mm diameter and 1500 mm length is operated isothermally. Two electrode designs are tested by separating flame-generated iron oxide nanoparticles from a flue gas atmosphere. The total number concentration in the raw gas is around 2*107 cm-3 with a temperature-dependent mode diameter of 20–40 nm. Between 400 and 600 ºC very high separation efficiencies around 99.998% (number-based) were found with just 1.5 s of residence time and negative polarity, using a wire discharge electrode. In fact, the separation is more efficient than at room temperature which is explained by particle charging with free electrons leading to an exceptionally high particle charge. At 700 ºC and 800 ºC, thermionic emissions become more relevant for ESP operation. In this range the best separation efficiencies of 99.96% and 99.5% respectively were obtained using a rod discharge electrode operated below the corona onset voltage. The specific input of energy required for 99% separation efficiency at any temperature is less than 250 J/m3. These findings clearly prove that HT-ESPs are a feasible and highly performing alternative for nanoparticle removal from hot gases at up to 800 ºC. KW - Electrostatic precipitation KW - High-temperature gas cleaning KW - Nanoparticles KW - Diffusion charging KW - Free electrons KW - Thermionic emission Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elstat.2022.103754 SN - 1873-5738 VL - 120 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Eichenauer, Eva A1 - Gailing, Ludger T1 - What Triggers Protest? – Understanding Local Conflict Dynamics in Renewable Energy Development T2 - Land N2 - The expansion of renewable energy infrastructure comes with increasing conflicts at local level that significantly impede the expansion of renewable energy in Germany and impact the realization of national and international climate goals. In some conflicts, rural communities are torn apart and social relations strained beyond the energy conflict. Other projects are realized with no or only minor disruption. To researchers, project developers and local politicians alike, it seems unpredictable as to which way local energy conflicts evolve. Thus, the paper aims to shed light on conflict dynamics and identifies a number of aspects that influence local energy conflicts. The paper applies a conflict theoretical perspective on local energy conflicts. Rather than identifying energy conflicts as a sign of dysfunctionality, conflicts are seen as an important element of a democratic society struggling to find the best way through the transformation towards decarbonization. Based on qualitative research on local energy conflicts in five German municipalities the paper analyzes aspects that encourage constructive conflicts and aspects that impede such developments. With reference to Dahrendorf’s conditions of conflict the categories of energy conflicts are systematized within an analytical framework according to conditions of organization, conflict and change. These categories and aspects are embedded in specific local conditions, making conflicts on the one hand typical and on the other very specific. They are also entry points for dealing constructively with the conflicts. KW - energy transition KW - local conflict KW - rural transformation Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/11/10/1700 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/land11101700 SN - 2073-445X VL - 11 IS - 10 SP - 1 EP - 26 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mai, Christian A1 - Marschmeyer, Steffen A1 - Peczek, Anna A1 - Kroh, Aleksandra A1 - Jose, Josmy A1 - Reiter, Sebastian A1 - Fischer, Inga Anita A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Mai, Andreas T1 - Integration Aspects of Plasmonic TiN-based Nano-Hole-Arrays on Ge Photodetectorsin a 200mm Wafer CMOS Compatible Silicon Technology T2 - ECS Transactions N2 - In this work we present the progress in regard to the integration of a surface plasmon resonance refractive index sensor into a CMOS compatible 200 mm wafer silicon-based technology. Our approach pursues the combination of germanium photodetectors with metallic nanohole arrays. The paper is focused on the technology development to fabricate large area photodetectors based on a modern design concept. In a first iteration we achieved a leakage current density of 82 mA/cm2 at reverse bias of 0.5 V and a maximum optical responsivity of 0.103 A/W measured with TE polarized light at λ = 1310 nm and a reversed bias of 1 V. For the realization of nanohole arrays we used thin Titanium nitride (TiN) layers deposited by a sputtering process. We were able to produce very homogenous TiN layers with a thickness deviation of around 10 % and RMS of 1.413 nm for 150 nm thick TiN layers. KW - plasmonics KW - nanohole array KW - germanium detector Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1149/10904.0035ecst SN - 1938-5862 VL - 109 IS - 4 SP - 35 EP - 46 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Neisen, Martin A1 - Bruhn, Benjamin A1 - Lienland, Dieter T1 - ESG rating as input for a sustainability capital buffer T2 - Journal of Risk Management in Financial Institutions N2 - In this paper, we give a ‘state of the art’ overview of what ESG ratings are, which different types of these ratings can be distinguished and how they could be used in banking regulation to adjust banks’ capital requirements with the goal to promote green finance and reduce climate-related risks within the investments of banks. Based on experience collected with other supporting factors within banking regulation, like the SME supporting factor, we show how a Green Supporting Factor or a Brown Penalty Factor could be implemented to promote green finance or punish brown finance, respectively, and include climate risk into Pillar I capital requirements. We also discuss an approach combining these two binary factors and conclude with a proposition to use ESG ratings to derive capital requirements add-ons. After all, ESG ratings take a broader perspective on sustainability and provide a more granular scale ranging from sustainable to non-sustainable rating classes. This approach ensures that green finance investments can be promoted via adjustments of capital requirements without a significant decrease of the total capital in the banking sector and, therefore, without the reduction of the stability of the financial market. KW - Basel IV KW - ESG ratings KW - green supporting factor KW - capital buffer KW - SREP KW - sustainability buffer Y1 - 2021 SN - 1752-8887 SN - 1752-8895 VL - Vol. 15 IS - 1 SP - 72 EP - 84 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Entringer, Sonja A1 - Scholaske, Laura A1 - Kurt, Medlin A1 - Duman, Elif Aysimi A1 - Adam, Emma K. A1 - Razum, Oliver A1 - Spallek, Jacob T1 - Diurnal cortisol variation during pregnancy in Turkish origin and non-migrant women in a German birth cohort study T2 - Journal of Psychosomatic Research N2 - Background Immigrants from Turkey experience health disadvantages relative to non-immigrant populations in Germany that are manifest from the earliest stages of the lifespan onwards and are perpetuated across generations. Chronic stress and perturbations of stress-responsive physiological systems, including the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis, are believed to in part mediate this relationship. Cortisol plays an important role in the association between maternal stress during pregnancy and many pregnancy-, birth- and offspring-related outcomes. We therefore examined whether maternal migrant background is associated with diurnal cortisol variation during pregnancy. Methods 109 pregnant women (incl. n = 32 Turkish origin women) that participated in a multi-site prospective cohort study in Germany collected saliva samples across the day on two consecutive days around 24 and 32 weeks gestation. Hierarchical linear models were applied to quantify associations between migrant background and diurnal cortisol variation across pregnancy. Results Women of Turkish origin exhibited a significantly lower cortisol awakening response (CAR) and a flatter diurnal cortisol slope (DCS) compared to non-migrant women after adjusting for household income. These relationships between migrant status and diurnal cortisol variation were mainly driven by 2nd generation migrants. Discussion A potential HPA axis dysregulation of Turkish-origin pregnant women may contribute to the intergenerational transmission of health disadvantages in this group. KW - cortisol variation KW - pregnancy KW - Turkish origin KW - birth cohort study KW - Germany Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0022399922003051 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2022.111020 SN - 0022-3999 VL - 162 SP - 1 EP - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Strobel, Carsten A1 - Alvarado Chavarin, Carlos A1 - Richter, Karola A1 - Knaut, Martin A1 - Reif, Johanna A1 - Völkel, Sandra A1 - Jahn, Andreas A1 - Albert, Matthias A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Kirchner, Robert A1 - Bartha, Johann Wolfgang A1 - Mikolajick, Thomas T1 - Novel Graphene Adjustable-Barrier Transistor with Ultra-High Current Gain T2 - ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces N2 - A graphene-based three terminal barristor device was proposed to overcome the low on/off ratios and insufficient current saturation of conventional graphene field effect transistors. In this study, we fabricated and analyzed a novel graphene-based transistor, which resembles the structure of the barristor but uses a different operating condition. This new device, termed graphene adjustable-barriers transistor (GABT), utilizes a semiconductor-based gate rather than a metal−insulator gate structure to modulate the device currents. The key feature of the device is the two graphene-semiconductor Schottky barriers with different heights that are controlled simultaneously by the gate voltage. Due to the asymmetry of the barriers, the drain current exceeds the gate current by several orders of magnitude. Thus, the GABT can be considered an amplifier with an alterable current gain. In this work, a silicon−graphene−germanium GABT with an ultra-high current gain (ID/IG up to 8 × 106) was fabricated, and the device functionality was demonstrated. Additionally, a capacitance model is applied to predict the theoretical device performance resulting in an on−off ratio above 106, a swing of 87 mV/dec, and a drivecurrent of about 1 × 106 A/cm2. KW - Graphene KW - Transistor Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.2c10634 SN - 1944-8244 SN - 1944-8252 VL - 14 IS - 34 SP - 39249 EP - 39254 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Baroni, Andrea A1 - Glukhov, Artem A1 - Pérez, Eduardo A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Ielmini, Daniele A1 - Olivo, Piero A1 - Zambelli, Cristian T1 - Low Conductance State Drift Characterization and Mitigation in Resistive Switching Memories (RRAM) for Artificial Neural Networks T2 - IEEE Transactions on Device and Materials Reliability N2 - The crossbar structure of Resistive-switching random access memory (RRAM) arrays enabled the In-Memory Computing circuits paradigm, since they imply the native acceleration of a crucial operations in this scenario, namely the Matrix-Vector-Multiplication (MVM). However, RRAM arrays are affected by several issues materializing in conductance variations that might cause severe performance degradation. A critical one is related to the drift of the low conductance states appearing immediately at the end of program and verify algorithms that are mandatory for an accurate multi-level conductance operation. In this work, we analyze the benefits of a new programming algorithm that embodies Set and Reset switching operations to achieve better conductance control and lower variability. Data retention analysis performed with different temperatures for 168 hours evidence its superior performance with respect to standard programming approach. Finally, we explored the benefits of using our methodology at a higher abstraction level, through the simulation of an Artificial Neural Network for image recognition task (MNIST dataset). The accuracy achieved shows higher performance stability over temperature and time. KW - RRAM KW - neural network KW - Multilevel switching Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TDMR.2022.3182133 SN - 1530-4388 VL - 22 IS - 3 SP - 340 EP - 347 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Saskia M. A1 - Dadaczynski, Kevin A1 - Sudeck, Gorden A1 - Rathmann, Katharina A1 - Paakkari, Olli A1 - Paakkari, Leena A1 - Bilz, Ludwig T1 - Measuring Health Literacy in Childhood and Adolescence with the Scale Health Literacy in School-Aged Children – German Version T2 - Diagnostica N2 - Health literacy can help explain health inequalities in childhood and adolescence. However, suitable instruments for assessing health literacy in this age group are rare, especially in the German-speaking countries. One economical measure is the 10-item Health Literacy in School-Aged Children (HLSAC) scale, developed and reviewed as part of the WHO Child and Adolescent Health Study (HBSC, Health Behavior in School-Aged Children). In the present study, we tested dimensionality, measurement invariance, and associations with health-related measures of the German version of the scale (HLSAC–German), using data from the 2018 national German HBSC study (N = 4,347 students aged 11, 13, and 15 years). We also tested HLSAC–German with 11-year-olds, representing an expansion of the original scale. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses consistently demonstrated the unidimensionality of the scale (α = .88). Complete scalar measurement invariance was found for sex and partial scalar measurement invariance for age groups and school type, allowing for the comparison of means. Associations with indicators of health and health behavior further demonstrate the construct validity of the scale. The analyses show that the scale is suitable for the economic measurement of a general factor of health literacy in 11- as well as in 13- and 15-year-olds. KW - health literacy KW - childhood KW - adolescence KW - measurement invariance KW - validity Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1026/0012-1924/a000296 SN - 0012-1924 SN - 2190-622X VL - 68 IS - 4 SP - 184 EP - 196 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wachs, Sebastian A1 - Castellanos, Melisa A1 - Wettstein, Alexander A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Gámez-Guadix, Manuel T1 - Associations Between Classroom Climate, Empathy, Self-Efficacy, and Countering Hate Speech Among Adolescents: A Multilevel Mediation Analysis T2 - Journal of Interpersonal Violence N2 - Although hate speech is widely recognized as an online phenomenon, very few studies have investigated hate speech among adolescents in offline settings (e.g., schools). At the same time, not much is known about countering hate speech (counterspeech) among adolescents and which factors are associated with it. To this end, the present study used the socio- ecological framework to investigate the direct and indirect links among one contextual factor (i.e., classroom climate) and two intrapersonal factors (i.e.,empathy for victims of hate speech, self-efficacy regarding intervention in hate speech) to understand counterspeech among adolescents. The sample is based on self-reports of 3,225 students in Grades 7 to 9 (51.7% self- identified as female) from 36 schools in Germany and Switzerland. Self- report questionnaires were administered to measure classroom climate, empathy, self-efficacy, and counterspeech. After controlling for adolescents’ grade, gender, immigrant background, and socioeconomic status (SES), the 2-(1-1)-1 multilevel mediation analysis showed that classroom climate (L2), empathy for victims of hate speech (L1), and self-efficacy toward intervention in hate speech (L1) had a positive effect on countering hate speech (L1). Classroom climate (L2) was also positively linked to empathy for victims of hate speech (L1), and self-efficacy toward intervention in hate speech (L1). Furthermore, classroom climate (L2) was indirectly associated with countering hate speech (L1) via greater empathy (L1) and self-efficacy (L1). The findings highlight the need to focus on contextual and intrapersonal factors when trying to facilitate adolescents’ willingness to face hate speech with civic courage and proactively engage against it. KW - hate speech KW - counter speech KW - empathy KW - self-efficacy KW - adolescents Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/08862605221120905 SN - 0886-2605 SN - 1552-6518 VL - 38 IS - 5-6 SP - 5067 EP - 5091 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reuter, Marvin A1 - Herke, Max A1 - Richter, Matthias A1 - Diehl, Katharina A1 - Hoffmann, Stephanie A1 - Pischke, Claudia R. A1 - Dragano, Nico T1 - Young people’s health and well-being during the school-to-work transition: a prospective cohort study comparing post-secondary pathways T2 - BMC Public Health N2 - Background: At the end of secondary education, young people can either start vocational training, enter university, directly transition to employment or become unemployed. Research assumes that post-secondary pathways have immediate and/or long-term impacts on health and well-being, but empirical investigations on this are scarce and restricted to few countries. Therefore, this study traced the development of health and well-being throughout the highly institutionalised school-to-work transition (STWT) in Germany. Methods: We used longitudinal data of the National Educational Panel Study (NEPS), a representative sample of 11,098 school-leavers (50.5% girls) repeatedly interviewed between 2011 and 2020. We estimated the effect of post-secondary transitions on self-rated health and subjective well-being by applying fixed-effects (FE) regression, elimi-nating bias resulting from time-constant confounding and self-selection into different pathways. A multiple-sample strategy was used to account for the increasing diversity of STWTs patterns. Models were controlled for age, as well as household and residential changes to minimise temporal heterogeneity. Results: Findings indicate that leaving school was good for health and well-being. Compared with participants who did not find a training position after school, direct transitions to vocational training or university were linked to higher absolute levels of health and well-being, but also to a lower relative decline over time. Furthermore, upward transi-tions (e.g. to programs leading to better education or from unemployment to employment) were associated with improvements in health and well-being, while downward transitions were followed by deteriorations. Conclusion: Findings suggest that school-leave is a sensitive period and that post-secondary pathways provide young people with different abilities to maintain health and well-being. Youth health interventions might benefit when setting a stronger focus on unsuccessful school-leavers. KW - School-to-work transition KW - Institutional context KW - Vocational training KW - Apprenticeship KW - University KW - Prevocational preparation KW - Self-rated health KW - Subjective well-being KW - National Educational Panel Study KW - NEPS Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-14227-0 SN - 1471-2458 VL - 22 SP - 1 EP - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Das, Chittaranjan A1 - Kedia, Mayank A1 - Zuo, Weiwei A1 - Mortan, Claudiu A1 - Kot, Małgorzata A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo A1 - Saliba, Michael T1 - Band Bending at Hole Transporting Layer-Perovskite Interfaces in n-i-p and in p-i-n Architecture T2 - Solar RRL N2 - Interfaces between hybrid perovskite absorber and its adjacent charge-transporting layers are of high importance for solar cells performance. Understanding their chemical and electronic properties is a key step in designing efficient and stable perovskite solar cells. In this work, the tapered cross-section photoemission spectroscopy (TCS-PES) method is used to study the methylammonium lead iodide (CH3NH3PbI3) (MAPI)-based solar cells in two configurations, that is, in an inverted p–i–n and in a classical n–i–p architecture. It is revealed in the results that the MAPI film deposited once on the n-type TiO2 and once on the p-type NiOx substrates is neither an intrinsic semiconductor nor adapts to the dopant nature of the substrate underneath, but it is heavily n-type doped on both substrates. In addition to that, the TCS-PES results identify that the band bending between the MAPI film and the hole transporting layer (HTL) layer depends on the perovskite solar cells architecture. In particular, a band bending on the HTL side in the n–i–p and at the MAPI in the p–i–n architecture is found. The flat band of NiOx at the NiOx/MAPI interface can be explained by the Fermi level pinning of the NiOx at the interface. KW - band bending KW - hole transporting layer KW - perovskites KW - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/solr.202200348 SN - 2367-198X VL - 6 IS - 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoffmann, Jan T1 - Europejski Zielony Ład, prawo europejskie i Łużyce T2 - Folia Iuridica Universitatis Wratislaviensis N2 - The “Green Deal” is a “green offer” from the European Commission. It is aimed not only at the 27 EU Member States, but also at the EU citizens. The meaning of the “Green Deal” for the German-Polish border region of Lusatia was discussed at the first German-Polish energy get-together of the Euroregion Spree-Neiße Bober/Sprewa-Nysa-Bóbr on September 23, 2021 in Spremberg (Germany). KW - Green Deal KW - Fit for 55 KW - Just Transition Fund (JTF) Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.34616/144212 SN - 2450-3932 VL - Vol. 11 IS - 2 SP - 37 EP - 45 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Prüfer, Mareike A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Bier, Frank F. A1 - Laux, Eva-Maria A1 - Hölzel, Ralph T1 - Activity of AC electrokinetically immobilized horseradish peroxidase T2 - Electrophoresis N2 - Dielectrophoresis(DEP) is an AC electrokinetic effect mainly used to manipulate cells.Smaller particles,like virions,antibodies,enzymes,andevendyemolecules can be immobilized by DEP as well. In principle, it was shown that enzymesare active after immobilization by DEP, but no quantification of the retainedactivity was reported so far. In this study, the activity of the enzyme horseradishperoxidase (HRP) is quantified after immobilization by DEP. For this, HRP is immobilized on regular arrays of titanium nitride ring electrodes of 500 nm diameter and 20 nm widths. The activity of HRP on the electrode chip is measured with a limit of detection of 60 fg HRP by observing the enzymatic turnover of Amplex Red and H2O2 to fluorescent resoruf in by fluorescence microscopy. The initial activity of the permanently immobilized HRP equals up to 45% of the activity that can be expected for an ideal monolayer of HRP molecules on all electrodes of the array. Localization of the immobilizate on the electrodesis accomplished by staining with the fluorescent product of the enzyme reac-tion.The high residual activity of enzymes after AC field induced immobilization shows the method’s suitability for biosensing and research applications. KW - dielectrophoresis KW - immobilization KW - nanoelectrodes Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/elps.202200073 SN - 1522-2683 VL - 43 IS - 18-19 SP - 1920 EP - 1933 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Medina Méndez, Juan Ali A1 - Bacher, Christian A1 - Riebel, Ulrich A1 - Schmidt, Heiko T1 - Electrohydrodynamically-enhanced drag in a vertical pipe-flow with a concentric electrode: A One-Dimensional Turbulence study T2 - European Journal of Mechanics. B,Fluids Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0997754622000814 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euromechflu.2022.05.008 SN - 1873-7390 SN - 0997-7546 VL - 95 SP - 240 EP - 251 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wolgast, Anett A1 - Fischer, Saskia M. A1 - Bilz, Ludwig T1 - Teachers’ Empathy for Bullying Victims, Understanding of Violence, and Likelihood of Intervention T2 - Journal of School Violence N2 - Relational bullying is still underappreciated by teachers. Based on the theoretical model of teachers’ intervention competence in bullying, the aim of the current research was to gain insights into the concurrent relationships between teachers’ empathy, understanding of violence, and likelihood of intervention. In this study, n = 556 teachers (79.4% female, Mage = 50.6) indicated on a questionnaire their empathy, understanding of relational violence, and likelihood of intervention in a relational bullying situation. The relationships were simultaneously estimated in a structural equation model. The results suggest significantly positive concurrent relations between these variables. We conclude that the effectiveness of teacher trainings could be increased through such elements as cognitive empathy training, raising awareness of violence, and teaching appropriate interventions in relational bullying situations. KW - bullying KW - empathy KW - likelihood of intervention KW - students KW - teachers’ understanding of violence Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/15388220.2022.2114488 SN - 1538-8220 SN - 1538-8239 VL - 21 IS - 4 SP - 491 EP - 503 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ertugrul, Gökhan A1 - Hälsig, Andre A1 - Hensel, Jonas A1 - Buhl, Johannes A1 - Härtel, Sebastian T1 - Efficient Multi-Material and High Deposition Coating including Additive Manufacturing by Tandem Plasma Transferred Arc Welding for Functionally Graded Structures T2 - Metals KW - additive manufacturing powder KW - 3D Plasma Metal Deposition (3DPMD) KW - austenitic stainless steel KW - super-duplex stainless steel KW - multi-material KW - functionally graded KW - high deposition rate KW - arc KW - powder Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/met12081336 SN - 2075-4701 VL - 12 IS - 8 SP - 1 EP - 17 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sass, Jörn A1 - Westphal, Dorothee A1 - Wunderlich, Ralf T1 - Diffusion approximations for periodically arriving expert opinions in a financial market with Gaussian drift T2 - Stochastic Models Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/15326349.2022.2100423 SN - 1532-4214 VL - 39 SP - 323 EP - 362 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwuchow, Sören C. A1 - Tridimas, George T1 - The political economy of Solon’s law against neutrality in civil wars T2 - Public Choice N2 - In 594 BCE, the Athenian lawgiver Solon, called upon to resolve a deepening social crisis, introduced a new constitution and mandated that in civil conflicts, no citizen is to remain apathetic and must take sides. Because the law seemed to support strife, it presents a puzzle. The paper offers a political economy rationale for Solon’s law against neutrality, modeling social conflict as a rent-seeking competition. We divide society into three groups, a hereditary aristocracy, which monopolized power before the Solonian constitution, a rival wealth-based commercial elite, called the new Solonian elite, and the poor, who are enfranchised only partly. We then identify the conditions under which the third group is better off by allying with one of the other groups, protecting the Solonian constitution. In our framework, Solon’s ban on neutrality is an attempt to change the payoffs from violent redistributions of rents, so that conflict is avoided. Accordingly, the ban should not only impede excessive rent seeking, but also prevent the exclusion of any social group. KW - Ancient Athens KW - Solon KW - Political non-neutrality KW - Rent seeking KW - Intra-elite competition KW - Political apathy KW - Civil war KW - Inclusive institutions Y1 - 2022 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11127-022-00980-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11127-022-00980-8 SN - 1573-7101 VL - 192 IS - 3-4 SP - 249 EP - 272 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ramirez, Carlos A1 - Sermet, Yusuf A1 - Molkenthin, Frank A1 - Demir, Ibrahim T1 - HydroLang: An open-source web-based programming framework for hydrological sciences T2 - Environmental Modelling & Software N2 - This paper introduces HydroLang, an open-source and integrated community-driven computational web framework for hydrology and water resources research and education. HydroLang employs client-side web technologies and standards to carry out various routines aimed at acquiring, managing, transforming, analyzing, and visualizing hydrological datasets. HydroLang consists of four major high-cohesion low-coupling modules: (1) retrieving, manipulating, and transforming raw hydrological data, (2) statistical operations, hydrological analysis, and model creation, (3) generating graphical and tabular data representations, and (4) mapping and geospatial data visualization. To demonstrate the framework's capabilities, portability, and interoperability, two detailed case studies (assessment of lumped models and construction of a rainfall disaggregation model) have been presented. HydroLang's unique modular architecture and open-source nature allow it to be easily tailored into any use case and web framework, and it encourages iterative enhancements with community involvement to establish the comprehensive next-generation hydrological software toolkit. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1364815222002250?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2022.105525 SN - 1364-8152 VL - 157 SP - 1 EP - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Bonhage, Alexander A1 - Schneider, Marcus A1 - Bauriegel, Albrecht T1 - Quaternary and geoarcheology in Lower Lusatia T2 - DEUQUA Special Publications N2 - Open-cast lignite mines in Lower Lusatia provide unique insights into human-induced environmental changes in the Northern European Lowland and improve our understanding of Quaternary landscape dynamics. The excursion will focus on soils and sediments of Late Pleistocene and Holocene age that have been modified by land use since the Slavic Middle Ages. In the vicinity of the open-cast mine Jänschwalde and in the Tauer forest north of Cottbus characteristic remains of historical charcoal production, a ridge-and-furrow system and late Quaternary rubification in soils are presented. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://deuquasp.copernicus.org/articles/4/59/2022/ U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/deuquasp-4-59-2022 SN - 2625-8137 VL - 4 SP - 59 EP - 71 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Franck, Max A1 - Dabrowski, Jaroslaw A1 - Schubert, Markus Andreas A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Lukosius, Mindaugas T1 - Towards the Growth of Hexagonal Boron Nitride on Ge(001)/Si Substrates by Chemical Vapor Deposition T2 - Nanomaterials N2 - The growth of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) on epitaxial Ge(001)/Si substrates via high-vacuum chemical vapor deposition from borazine is investigated for the first time in a systematic manner. The influences of the process pressure and growth temperature in the range of 10−7–10−3 mbar and 900–980 °C, respectively, are evaluated with respect to morphology, growth rate, and crystalline quality of the hBN films. At 900 °C, nanocrystalline hBN films with a lateral crystallite size of ~2–3 nm are obtained and confirmed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy images. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirms an atomic N:B ratio of 1 ± 0.1. A three-dimensional growth mode is observed by atomic force microscopy. Increasing the process pressure in the reactor mainly affects the growth rate, with only slight effects on crystalline quality and none on the principle growth mode. Growth of hBN at 980 °C increases the average crystallite size and leads to the formation of 3–10 well-oriented, vertically stacked layers of hBN on the Ge surface. Exploratory ab initio density functional theory simulations indicate that hBN edges are saturated by hydrogen, and it is proposed that partial de-saturation by H radicals produced on hot parts of the set-up is responsible for the growth KW - Boron nitride KW - 2d materials KW - Chemical vapour deposition Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/nano12193260 SN - 2079-4991 VL - 12 IS - 19 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ortega, Romeo A1 - Bobtsov, Alexey A1 - Nikolaev, Nikolay A1 - Schiffer, Johannes A1 - Dochain, Denis T1 - Generalized parameter estimation-based observers: Application to power systems and chemical–biological reactors T2 - Automatica N2 - In this paper we propose a new state observer design technique for nonlinear systems. It consists of an extension of the recently introduced parameter estimation-based observer, which is applicable for systems verifying a particular algebraic constraint. In contrast to the previous observer, the new one avoids the need of implementing an open loop integration that may stymie its practical application. We give two versions of this observer, one that ensures asymptotic convergence and the second one that achieves convergence in finite time. In both cases, the required excitation conditions are strictly weaker than the classical persistent of excitation assumption. It is shown that the proposed technique is applicable to the practically important examples of multimachine power systems and chemical–biological reactors. KW - Estimation parameters KW - Nonlinear systems KW - Observers KW - Time-invariant systems KW - Power systems Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0005109821001552?via%3Dihub#! U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.automatica.2021.109635 SN - 0005-1098 IS - 129 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rueda-Escobedo, Juan G. A1 - Fridman, Emilia A1 - Schiffer, Johannes T1 - Data-Driven Control for Linear Discrete-Time Delay Systems T2 - IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control N2 - The increasing ease of obtaining and processing data together with the growth in system complexity has sparked the interest in moving from conventional model-based control design toward data-driven concepts. Since in many engineering applications time delays naturally arise and are often a source of instability, we contribute to the data-driven control field by introducing data-based formulas for state feedback control design in linear discrete-time time-delay systems with uncertain delays. With the proposed approach, the problems of system stabilization as well as of guaranteed cost and H∞ control design are treated in a unified manner. Extensions to determine the system delays and to ensure robustness in the event of noisy data are also provided KW - Data-driven control KW - delay systems KW - robust control KW - sampled data control Y1 - 2022 UR - https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9484756 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TAC.2021.3096896 SN - 1558-2523 VL - 67 IS - 7 SP - 3321 EP - 3336 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, David T1 - A reply to Ponte et al. (2016) supply chain collaboration: some comments on the Nucleolus of the beer game T2 - Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management KW - Spieltheorie Y1 - 2018 UR - https://www.jiem.org/index.php/jiem/article/view/2430 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3926/jiem.2430 SN - 2013-8423 VL - 11 IS - 3 SP - 528 EP - 534 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, David T1 - Lösung von NIMBY-Problemen beim Ausbau des deutschen Stromnetzes T2 - Zeitschrift für öffentliche und gemeinwirtschaftliche Unternehmen KW - Spieltheorie KW - Energiewende KW - Netzausbau Y1 - 2016 SN - 0344-9777 VL - 39 IS - 3 SP - 248 EP - 269 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, David T1 - What’s in it for me? - An analysis of environmental investments through a game theoretic lens T2 - International Journal of Innovation and Sustainable Development KW - Spieltheorie Y1 - 2016 SN - 1740-8822 VL - 10 IS - 2 SP - 198 EP - 218 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Neisen, Martin A1 - Büttel, Peter A1 - Sawahn, Wiebke T1 - Regulatorische Agenda 2022 für Vorstand und Aufsichtsrat T2 - Zeitschrift für das gesamte Kreditwesen - Digitaler Sonderdruck Y1 - 2022 SN - 0341-4019 VL - 75 IS - 3 SP - 1 EP - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Neisen, Martin A1 - Schulte-Mattler, Hermann T1 - The effectiveness of IFRS 9 transitional provisions in limiting the potential impact of COVID-19 on banks T2 - Journal of Banking Regulation N2 - The purpose of this paper is to assess the effectiveness of the transitional provisions for the impact of International Financial Reporting Standard 9 (IFRS 9) as a supervisory tool to strengthen a bank’s capital base. The new IFRS 9 provisions are a significant banking supervisory measure of the so-called Capital Requirements Regulation (CRR) Quick Fix to mitigate possible adverse effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on banks. With the discharge rules, the supervisor aims to strengthen the banks’ regulatory capital in order to ensure the supply of credit to households and companies at all times. Based on the published disclosure reports of 107 significant European banks at the reporting dates end 2019 and June 2020, our study analysed how many banks already apply the transition rules, whether there are geographical focusses and to what extent banks use the new CRR Quick Fix adjustments. To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first empirical analysis of the extent to which European banks use the original IFRS 9 transitional arrangements and COVID-19 extension and what effects its use has on their common equity Tier 1 (CET1) capital. The results are of interest to regulators, bank managers and analysts alike, as they fundamentally demonstrate the effectiveness of this particular regulatory tool. KW - Banking regulation KW - Capital requirements regulation (CRR) KW - CET1 capital KW - Standardised approach to credit risk (CSA) KW - CRR Quick Fix KW - Internal rating-based approach (IRBA) Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1057/s41261-021-00151-7 SN - 1745-6452 SN - 0969-6458 VL - 2021 IS - 22 SP - 342 EP - 351 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Palleja-Cabre, Sergi A1 - Chaitanya, Paruchuri A1 - Joseph, Phillip A1 - Kim, Jae-Wook A1 - Priddin, Matthew A1 - Ayton, Lorna A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Chong, Tze Pei T1 - Downstream porosity for the reduction of turbulence-aerofoil interaction noise T2 - Journal of Sound and Vibration Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2022.117324 SN - 0022-460X ER - TY - GEN A1 - Friedland, Giulia A1 - Grüneberg, Björn A1 - Hupfer, Michael T1 - Geochemical signatures of lignite mining products in sediments downstream a fluvial-lacustrine system T2 - Science of The Total Environment KW - Freshwater sediment composition KW - Water chemistry Y1 - 2021 UR - www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0048969720374738?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143942 SN - 0048-9697 VL - 760 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Walter, Ruben Magnus A1 - Zemella, Anne A1 - Schramm, Marina A1 - Kiebist, Jan A1 - Kubick, Stefan T1 - Vesicle-based cell-free synthesis of short and long unspecific peroxygenases T2 - Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology N2 - Unspecific peroxygenases (UPOs, EC 1.11.2.1) are fungal enzymes that catalyze the oxyfunctionalization of non-activated hydrocarbons, making them valuable biocatalysts. Despite the increasing interest in UPOs that has led to the identification of thousands of putative UPO genes, only a few of these have been successfully expressed and characterized. There is currently no universal expression system in place to explore their full potential. Cell-free protein synthesis has proven to be a sophisticated technique for the synthesis of difficult-to-express proteins. In this work, we aimed to establish an insect-based cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) platform to produce UPOs. CFPS relies on translationally active cell lysates rather than living cells. The system parameters can thus be directly manipulated without having to account for cell viability, thereby making it highly adaptable. The insect-based lysate contains translocationally active, ER-derived vesicles, called microsomes. These microsomes have been shown to allow efficient translocation of proteins into their lumen, promoting post-translational modifications such as disulfide bridge formation and N-glycosylations. In this study the ability of a redox optimized, vesicle-based, eukaryotic CFPS system to synthesize functional UPOs was explored. The influence of different reaction parameters as well as the influence of translocation on enzyme activity was evaluated for a short UPO from Marasmius rotula and a long UPO from Agrocybe aegerita. The capability of the CFPS system described here was demonstrated by the successful synthesis of a novel UPO from Podospora anserina, thus qualifying CFPS as a promising tool for the identification and evaluation of novel UPOs and variants thereof. KW - cell-free protein synthesis KW - enzymes KW - unspecific peroxygenases KW - insect cell lysate Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2022.964396 SN - 2296-4185 VL - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sydow, Katharina A1 - Eger, Elias A1 - Schwabe, Michael A1 - Heiden, Stefan E. A1 - Bohnert, Jürgen A. A1 - Franzenburg, Sören A1 - Jurischka, Christoph A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Schaufler, Katharina T1 - Geno- and Phenotypic Characteristics of a Klebsiella pneumoniae ST20 Isolate with Unusual Colony Morphology T2 - Microorganisms N2 - Klebsiella pneumoniae is a common member of the intestinal flora of vertebrates. In addition to opportunistic representatives, hypervirulent (hvKp) and antibiotic-resistant K. pneumoniae (ABR-Kp) occur. While ABR-Kp isolates often cause difficult-to-treat diseases due to limited therapeutic options, hvKp is a pathotype that can infect healthy individuals often leading to recurrent infection. Here, we investigated the clinical K. pneumoniae isolate PBIO3459 obtained from a blood sample, which showed an unusual colony morphology. By combining whole-genome and RNA sequencing with multiple in vitro and in vivo virulence-associated assays, we aimed to define the respective Klebsiella subtype and explore the unusual phenotypic appearance. We demonstrate that PBIO3459 belongs to sequence type (ST)20 and carries no acquired resistance genes, consistent with phenotypic susceptibility tests. In addition, the isolate showed low-level virulence, both at genetic and phenotypic levels. We thus suggest that PBIO3459 is an opportunistic (commensal) K. pneumoniae isolate. Genomic comparison of PBIO3459 with closely related ABR-Kp ST20 isolates revealed that they differed only in resistance genes. Finally, the unusual colony morphology was mainly associated with carbohydrate and amino acid transport and metabolism. In conclusion, our study reveals the characteristics of a Klebsiella sepsis isolate and suggests that opportunistic representatives likely acquire and accumulate antibiotic resistances that subsequently enable their emergence as ABR-Kp pathogens. KW - virulence KW - next-generation sequencing KW - biofilm KW - exopolysaccharides Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10102063 SN - 2076-2607 VL - 10 IS - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Boehn, Bernhard von A1 - Weißbach, Anton A1 - Krisponeit, Jon-Olaf A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo A1 - Falta, Jens A1 - Gregoratti, Luca A1 - Amati, Matteo A1 - Zeller, Patrick A1 - Imbihl, Ronald T1 - Phase Separation within Vanadium Oxide Islands under Reaction Conditions: Methanol Oxidation at Vanadium Oxide Films on Rh(111) T2 - The Journal of Physical Chemistry C N2 - Submonolayer coverages of V-oxide on Rh(111) condense during catalytic methanol oxidation into a pattern of macroscopic stripes or islands. Under reaction conditions, a phase separation occurs within the VOx islands that has been studied in a pressure range of 10–6–10–4 mbar with photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM), low-energy electron microscopy (LEEM), microspot-low-energy electron diffraction (μLEED), and microspot-X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (μXPS). An oxidized outer ring with a (√7 × √7)R19.1° structure coexists with an inner (12 × 12) Moiré-type boundary layer and a reduced core exhibiting a (√3 × √3)R30° Moiré type pattern. The dependence of the substructure on the reaction conditions, on V coverage, and on island size was investigated. With μXPS, the V coverages of the different phases in the VOx islands were determined. KW - Methanol Oxidation KW - Vanadium Oxide KW - Photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM) KW - Low-energy electron microscopy (LEEM), KW - Microspot-low-energy electron diffraction (μLEED) KW - Microspot-X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (μXPS) Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.2c04174 SN - 1932-7455 SN - 1932-7447 VL - 126 IS - 45 SP - 19101 EP - 19112 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Frimpong, Bernard Fosu A1 - Koranteng, Addo A1 - Molkenthin, Frank T1 - Analysis of temperature variability utilising Mann–Kendall and Sen's slope estimator tests in the Accra and Kumasi Metropolises in Ghana T2 - Environmental Systems Research N2 - Temperature variability may have direct and indirect impacts on the environments of the Accra and Kumasi Metropolises in Ghana. This study analysed temperature and trends in temperature in both cities using in-situ measurements from one meteorological station in both cities from 1986 to 2015. The temperature indices were computed using the RClimdex package from the Expert Team on Climate Change Detection Monitoring Indices (ETCCDMI). The temperature time series was pre-whitened before the Mann–Kendall trend and Sen’s slope estimator analysis were applied. Initial analysis revealed minimal variation in temperature in both cities. The results from the analysed temperature indices revealed an increase in warm days and a general rise in the minimum temperature compared to maximum temperatures. Mann Kendall and Sen’s slope revealed significant trends in the annual and seasonal (dry and wet seasons) in minimum temperature in both cities. These might lead to an increased rate of heat-stressed diseases and an overall rise in urban warming in both cities. The analysis of temperature, indices and trends provided comprehensive insights into the temperature of Accra and Kumasi. The results highlight the essence of evaluating temperature indices and trends in light of Climate Change concerns. It is recommended that urban green and blue spaces should be incorporated into land use plans as these policy directions can aid regulate the temperature in both cities. KW - Temperature KW - Urban warming KW - Climate Change Y1 - 2022 UR - https://environmentalsystemsresearch.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40068-022-00269-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s40068-022-00269-1 SN - 2193-2697 VL - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bouras, Dikra A1 - Fellah, Mamoun A1 - Mecif, Abla A1 - Barillé, Régis A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Rasheed, Mohammed T1 - High photocatalytic capacity of porous ceramic-based powder doped with MgO T2 - Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society N2 - To purify water at low cost for our daily life, the effect of ceramic-based (mullite–cristobalite) and (mullite–zircon) powders doped with different amounts of magnesium oxide (MgO) (10 and 20 wt%) was studied. These compounds are made of a local raw material DD3 with addition of zirconia (ZrO2) to create an open porosity. The powders were prepared by the traditional mixing method with the help of an automated crushing. The effect of MgO doping on structural, morphological and photocatalytic properties of the material was studied by various analytical techniques such as X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, infrared, and UV–visible spectrometry. The results of XRD proved that there was a deformation in the crystal structure of the two types of ceramics after addition, which resulted in a shift of the spectra to the right, while SEM proved the presence of pores with a larger size as the proportion of MgO increases. The chemical composition of the basic components of the ceramic compounds as well as the additive was confirmed with EDS and IR spectra. The final results show that ceramics with added zirconia (DD3Z) and doped with 10% of MgO have a better photocatalytic efficiency than ceramics without zirconia. This important effect could be related to the higher rate of porosity, which provides a more active surface. The 10% MgO content showed a high photoactivity of 77.33% in only 15 min. The maximum hydrolysis rate obtained with Orange II was 92.95% after a period of 45 min with DD3Z/MgO powders. Y1 - 2023 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s43207-022-00254-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s43207-022-00254-5 SN - 2234-0491 IS - 60 SP - 155 EP - 168 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hasanuzzaman, Gazi A1 - Merbold, Sebastian A1 - Motuz, Vasyl A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Enhanced outer peaks in turbulent boundary layer using uniform blowing at moderate Reynolds number T2 - Journal of Turbulence Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/14685248.2021.2014058 SN - 1468-5248 VL - 23 IS - 1-2 SP - 68 EP - 95 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hallol, Zeinab A1 - Yousry, Mohamed A1 - Merbold, Sebastian A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Experimental investigation to study energetic structures in pipe flow at high Reynolds numbers using POD analysis T2 - Journal of the Physical Society of Japan Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.7566/JPSJ.91.094401 SN - 0031-9015 VL - 91 IS - 9 SP - 1 EP - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Harlander, Uwe A1 - Borcia, Ion-Dan A1 - Vincze, Miklos A1 - Rodda, Costanza T1 - Probability Distribution of Extreme Events in a Baroclinic Wave Laboratory Experiment T2 - Fluids N2 - Atmospheric westerly jet streams are driven by temperature differences between low and high latitudes and the rotation of the Earth. Meandering jet streams and propagating Rossby waves are responsible for the variable weather in the mid-latitudes. Moreover, extreme weather events such as heat waves and cold spells are part of the jet stream dynamics. For many years, a simple analog in the form of a simplified laboratory experiment, the differentially heated rotating annulus, has provided insight into the dynamics of the meandering jet stream. In the present study, probability density distributions of extreme events from a long-term laboratory experiment are studied and compared to the atmospheric probability density distributions. Empirical distributions of extreme value monthly block data are derived for the experimental and atmospheric cases. Generalized extreme value distributions are adjusted to the empirical distributions, and the distribution parameters are compared. Good agreement was found, but the distributions of the experimental data showed a shift toward larger extreme values, and some explanations for this shift are suggested. The results indicate that the laboratory model might be a useful tool for investigating changes in extreme event distributions due to climate change. In the laboratory context, the change can be modeled by an increase in total temperature accompanied by a reduction in the radial heat contrast. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids7080274 SN - 2311-5521 VL - 7 IS - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Beleniotis, Petros A1 - Schnieder, Frank A1 - Krause, Sascha A1 - Haque, Sanaul A1 - Rudolph, Matthias T1 - An efficient drain-lag model for microwave GaN HEMTs based on ASM-HEMT T2 - International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologie Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/S1759078721001483 SN - 1759-0795 VL - 14 IS - 2 SP - 134 EP - 142 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bembnista, Kamil A1 - Stoustrup, Sune A1 - Sommer, Vivien T1 - Lost in Space: Introducing the spatial dispositif in space-sensitive discourse research T2 - Journal for discourse studies N2 - The appearance of New Materialism has brought about a rupture in the social sciences and opened new positions to analyze social entities like space. In our contribution, we claim that it also offers a starting point for theoretical considerations in reference to the relationship between discourse, space and materiality – especially regarding the perspective of materialization beyond a culture-nature-dichotomy. In our research on the German-Polish border area, we combined  classical  studies of newspapers with the study of discursive practices among local residents. Here, the questions that arose for us were: To what extent is material space important for our discourse analysis? And how can it be included as an element in our conceptualization of discourse on space? Y1 - 2022 SN - 2195-867X VL - 9 IS - 2 SP - 291 EP - 309 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Beyeler, Laura A1 - Jaeger-Erben, Melanie T1 - How to make more of less: Characteristics of sufficiency in business practices T2 - Frontiers in Sustainability N2 - Sustainable transformation toward a circular society, in which all ecosystems and livelihoods are protected and sustained, requires the integration of sufficiency in circular production and consumption practices. Beyond the technological promises to decouple resource use from economic growth, sufficiency measures to reduce production and consumption volumes in absolute terms are necessary. Businesses integrating sufficiency act as agent of change to transform current unsustainable practices along the entire supply chain. By observing the operationalization of sufficiency in 14 pioneer businesses, this study identifies dimensions and practice elements that characterize sufficiency in business practices. This study observed that the sufficiency in business practices mainly represents a rethinking of business doings on three dimensions: (1) rethinking the relation to consumption; (2) rethinking the relation to others; and (3) rethinking the social meaning of the own organization. Sufficiency practitioners understand production and consumption as a mean to fulfill basic human needs instead of satisfying consumer preferences. They co-create sufficiency-oriented value with peers in a sufficiency-oriented ecosystem and they redefine growth narratives by envisioning an end to material growth. Additionally, this study revealed that care, patience and learning competences are essential characteristics of sufficiency in business practices. Sufficiency practitioners reshape their business doings by caring for others and nature; they demonstrate patience to create slow, local, and fair provision systems; and they accept their shortcomings and learn from mistakes. Integrating elements of care, patience and learning in business practices reduce the risks of sufficiency-rebound effects. Ambivalences between the sufficiency purpose and growth-oriented path dependencies persists for sufficiency-oriented businesses. Further research should investigate pathways to overcome these ambivalences and shortcomings that sufficiency practitioners experience, for instance, by exploring political and cultural settings that foster sufficiency-oriented economic activity. KW - sufficiency KW - enough KW - circular economy KW - circular society KW - production and consumption practices KW - social practice theory Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frsus.2022.949710/full U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/frsus.2022.949710 SN - 2673-4524 VL - 3 SP - 1 EP - 25 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hayat, Mubashir A1 - Winkler, Herwig T1 - An Analytic Hierarchy Process for Selection of Blockchain-Based Platform for Product Lifecycle Management T2 - Sustainability N2 - Blockchain technology has disrupted traditional business processes and hence gained significant attention and popularity in recent years. Consequently, a number of blockchain-based platforms are available today that offer vast applications across multiple sectors and industries. Implementing these blockchain-based platforms as an alternative to traditional product lifecycle management systems (PLMs) is one of the applications. However, before any platform is adopted, its nature, functionalities, and adaptability need to be clearly defined, evaluated, and verified. In this context, the proposed work explores the available blockchain-based platforms that can be used for the purpose of product lifecycle management. We then apply one of the multi-criteria decision-making techniques, i.e., the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), to select the best possible blockchain-based platform for PLM. As transaction speed, data privacy, and scalability are our prime concerns in PLM, we only considered the permissioned (private) blockchain platforms as available alternatives in the final selection process. Results achieved on the basis of considered criteria show that Hyperledger Fabric is the top-ranked among available alternatives to be used for PLM. Furthermore, as blockchain is a new technology, a clear comparison of the available platforms based on the performancebased metrics and key performance indicators is not completely matured and is still in the development stage. However, our proposed approach can be considered an attempt to create a procedure for evaluating blockchain-based platform implementation in any sector. KW - blockchain platforms KW - product lifecycle management KW - analytic hierarchy process industry 4.0 Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/su142113703 SN - 2071-1050 VL - 14 IS - 21 SP - 1 EP - 19 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klein, Marten A1 - Schmidt, Heiko T1 - Exploring stratification effects in stable Ekman boundary layers using a stochastic one-dimensional turbulence model T2 - Advances in Science and Research N2 - Small-scale processes in atmospheric boundary layers are typically not resolved due to cost constraints but modeled based on physical relations with the resolved scales, neglecting expensive backscatter. This lack in modeling is addressed in the present study with the aid of the one-dimensional turbulence (ODT) model. ODT is applied as stand-alone column model to numerically investigate stratification effects in long-lived transient Ekman flows as canonical example of polar boundary layers by resolving turbulent winds and fluctuating temperature profiles on all relevant scales of the flow. We first calibrate the adjustable model parameters for neutral cases based on the surface drag law which yields slightly different optimal model set-ups for finite low and moderate Reynolds numbers. For the stably stratified cases, previously calibrated parameters are kept fixed and the model predictions are compared with various reference numerical simulations and also observations by an exploitation of boundary layer similarity. ODT reasonably captures the temporally developing flow for various prescribed stratification profiles, but fails to fully capture the near-surface laminarization by remaining longer in a fully developed turbulent state, which suggests preferential applicability to high-Reynolds-number flow regimes. Nevertheless, the model suggests that large near-surface turbulence scales are primarily affected by the developing stratification due to scale-selective buoyancy damping which agrees with the literature. The variability of the wind-turning angle represented by the ensemble of stratified cases simulated covers a wider range than reference reanalysis data. The present study suggests that the vertical-column ODT formulation that is highly resolved in space and time can help to accurately represent multi-physics boundary-layer and subgrid-scale processes, offering new opportunities for analysis of very stable polar boundary layer and atmospheric chemistry applications. KW - stochastic turbulence modeling KW - one-dimensional turbulence KW - stable stratification KW - atmospheric boundary layer KW - wind veering angle KW - Richardson number Y1 - 2022 UR - https://asr.copernicus.org/articles/19/117/2022/ U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/asr-19-117-2022 SN - 1992-0636 N1 - This article is part of the special issue “21st EMS Annual Meeting – virtual: European Conference for Applied Meteorology and Climatology 2021”. VL - 19/2022 SP - 117 EP - 136 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwarz, Astrid T1 - Ecotechnology T2 - Oxford Research Encyclopedias. Environmental Science N2 - Ecotechnology is both broad and widespread, yet it has never been given a universally shared definition; this remains the case even in the early 21st century. Given that it is used in the natural, engineering, and social sciences, as well as in design studies, in the philosophy and history of technology and in science policy, perhaps this is not surprising. Indeed, it is virtually impossible to come up with an unambiguous definition for ecotechnology: It should be understood rather as an umbrella term that facilitates connections among different scientific fields and science policy and, in so doing, offers a robust trading zone of ideas and concepts. The term is part of a cultural and sociopolitical framework and, as such, wields explanatory power. Ecotechnology approaches argue for the design of ensembles that embed human action within an ecologically functional environment and mediating this relationship by technological means. Related terms, such as ecotechnics, ecotechniques, ecotechnologies, and eco-technology, are used similarly. In the 1970s, “ecotechnology,” along with other terms, gave a voice to an unease and a concern with sociotechnical transformations. This eventually gave rise to the first global environmental movement expressing a comprehensive eco-cultural critique of society-environment relations. Ecotechnology was part of the language used by activists, as well as by social theorists and natural scientists working in the transdisciplinary field of applied ecology. The concept of ecotechnology helped to both establish and “smooth over” environmental matters of concern in the worlds of economics, science, and policymaking. The process of deliberation about a green modernity is still ongoing and characterizes the search for a constructive intermediation between artificial and natural systems following environmentally benign design principles. During the 1980s, disciplinary endeavors flourished in the global academic world, lending ecotechnology more and more visibility. Some of these endeavors, such as restoration ecology and ecological engineering, were rooted in the engineering sciences, but mobilized quite different traditions, namely population biology and systems biology. To date, ecotechnology has been replaced by and large by other terms in applied ecology. Another strand of work resulted in the discipline of social ecology, which developed different focal points, most notably critical political economy and a concern with nature-culture issues in the context of cultural ecology. Finally, more recently, ecotechnology has been discussed in several branches of philosophy that offer different narratives about the epistemic and ontological transformations triggered by an “ecologization” of societies and a theoretical turn toward relationality. KW - environmental management KW - ecological engineering KW - environmental ethics KW - philosophy of technology KW - ecological design KW - social ecology KW - ecosystem theory KW - sociotechnical transformation KW - restoration ecology Y1 - 2022 UR - https://oxfordre.com/environmentalscience/view/10.1093/acrefore/9780199389414.001.0001/acrefore-9780199389414-e-134 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780199389414.013.134 N1 - Der Artikel ging durch ein anonymisiertes Begutachtungsverfahren IS - October 19 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Morozova, Iuliia A1 - Kehm, Christian A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Yang, Yitong A1 - Miah, Kamal Uddin Mohammad A1 - Uludintceva, Elena A1 - Fritzsche, Sebastian A1 - Weiß, Sabine A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - On the Heat Treatment of Selective-Laser-Melted 316L T2 - Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance N2 - The effect of heat treatment at various temperatures (650, 850, 1050, and 1100°C) and dwell times (10 min and 1 h) on the metallurgical and microstructural evolution as well as on the related tensile properties of stainless steel 316L processed by selective laser melting (SLM) has been systematically evaluated. The metallurgical and microstructural features such as defects, stability of the columnar–cellular structure and substructure, second phase particles, and phase transformation imparted by SLM and heat treatment have been discussed. It has been shown that the processing conditions specific to SLM significantly alter the kinetics of phase evolution compared to standard welding techniques which affects the accuracy of the prediction. The influence of these characteristics on tensile properties and hardness was elucidated. It was disclosed that with increasing heat treatment temperature there was a gradual increase in elongation but a decrease in strength related to the dislocation density and the development of the microstructure. KW - 316L KW - grain structure KW - phase evolution KW - SLM KW - tensile properties Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-022-07404-0 SN - 1544-1024 VL - 32 (2023) IS - 10 SP - 4295 EP - 4305 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Morozova, Iuliia A1 - Królicka, Aleksandra A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Yang, Yitong A1 - Doynov, Nikolay A1 - Weiß, Sabine A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Precipitation phenomena in impulse friction stir welded 2024 aluminium alloy T2 - Materials Science and Engineering: A N2 - Microhardness variations across the friction stir welded (FSW) and impulse friction stir welded (IFSW) AA2024–T351 joints have been elucidated by the transformations of the S–Al2CuMg phase with a special focus on a distinguished hardness peak within the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of the impulse welds. The increase in hardness within the stir zone (SZ) originated from the partial re-precipitation of the initial Guinier-Preston-Bagaryatsky zones (GPB) and metastable S needles, previously dissolved.) Formation and growth of stable S precipitates via coalescence accounted for the softening through the thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ). The peak strengthening within the HAZ of the IFSW joints was mainly caused by the dense needle-shaped S particles, which can be explained by a mutual influence of the process specific temperature and strain cycles. Dislocations and subgrain boundaries introduced to the material due to plastic deformation facilitated the nucleation of strengthening S precipitates in the HAZ. It demonstrates that the impact of deformation should be considered by the characterization of the precipitation development in the HAZ. KW - AA2024 KW - impulse friction stir welding KW - microhardness KW - s precipitation KW - thermal cycle KW - deformation Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2022.143617 SN - 0921-5093 SP - 1 EP - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Figiel, Paweł A1 - Biedunkiewicz, Anna A1 - Jach, Katarzyna A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Garbiec, Dariusz A1 - Bik, Maciej A1 - Sitarz, Maciej A1 - Kucia, Zofia A1 - Pawlyta, Mirosława A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Ti-Mo-xTiC composites manufactured by U-FAST reactive sintering T2 - International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials N2 - The paper presents the characteristics of Ti-Mo-xTiC composites manufactured under experimentally selected conditions using the upgraded field-assisted sintering technique (U-FAST). Mixtures of microstructural titanium powders and nc-Ti0.9Mo0.1C/C carbide powders protected from oxidation by a carbon shell were subjected to sintering. The powders with nc-Ti0.9Mo0.1C/C contents of 10 and 20 wt% were used. The content of carbon forming the carbon shell was approximately 3 or 40 wt%. Composites with near full density were reinforced with titanium carbides in a Ti-Mo matrix. The composites with the highest content of reinforcing phase are characterized by the highest values of hardness, Young's modulus and wear resistance. Although the hardness of these composites is similar to that of ceramics, their nature is not brittle. Despite the high value of the Young's modulus, the addition of hard particles of the reinforcing phase to the titanium matrix significantly increases the values of the H/E ratio of the composites compared to the reference samples of cp-Ti and Ti6Al4V. A comparison of the research results for the composites with the highest share of titanium carbides showed that lowering the sintering temperature from 1300 to 1150 °C resulted in the inhibition of grain growth, a reduction in composite heterogeneity, composite roughness and hardness as well as a rise in the Young's modulus. An increase in the sintering temperature from 1150 to 1300 °C contributed to the higher high angle grain boundaries (HAGB) content. KW - TiMMCs KW - SPS KW - EBSD KW - Nanoindentation KW - Wear Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0263436822001846#! U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2022.105960 SN - 0263-4368 IS - 108 SP - 1 EP - 14 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hezil, Naouel A1 - Aissani, Linda A1 - Fellah, Mamoun A1 - Samad, Mohammed Abdul A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Chekalkin, Timofey A1 - Marchenko, Ekaterina T1 - Structural, and tribological properties of nanostructured α + β type titanium alloys for total hip T2 - Journal of Materials Research and Technology N2 - Titanium alloys are in demand for various biomedical applications and the most popular among them being, Ti–6Al–4V. Hence, in this study, Ti–6Al–7Nb are fabricated through the route of mechanical milling using different sintering temperatures. X-ray diffraction and hardness tests were conducted to characterize the developed sams to evaluate the effect of sintering temperatures on the structural and mechanical properties. It is observed that the sams sintered at a temperature of 1250 °C had the smallest crystallite and pore size, with enhanced relative density and mechanical properties. Tribological tests were conducted at varying normal loads to characterize the wear and frictional behaviour and showed that the sams sintered at 1250 °C presented the lowest friction coefficient and wear rate. KW - Ti–6Al–7Nb KW - Ti-alloys KW - Wear resistance KW - Sintering KW - Biomedical applications Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785422009036#! U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2022.06.042 SN - 2238-7854 IS - 19 SP - 3568 EP - 3578 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Neisen, Martin A1 - Schulte-Mattler, Hermann T1 - Eliminating the negative impacts of the Basel IV output floor by adjusting a bank's business model T2 - Journal of Risk Management in Financial Institutions N2 - The purpose of this paper is to show the interaction between the Basel IV output floor and business model management. Specifically, the paper analyses how banks can optimise the output floor by moderately adjusting the composition of their portfolio. The individual topics are explained based on simplified exemplary cases. The presented capital floor analysis may help a bank’s top management to allocate the available capital better, formulate a coherent internal risk appetite, including the cost of capital in their pricing models, and set explicit targets for key performance drivers directly linked to the desired shareholder returns. With a target business model in mind, our approach can therefore be used to determine target levels for the individual risk positions that contribute to the output floor. The paper presents a procedure for overall bank management, particularly for business model planning in the presence of the Basel IV floor. Managers, analysts and regulators can apply our approach to analyse the business model of an individual bank, as well as the output floor of the banking sector as a whole. To our knowledge, our paper is the first academic contribution on the impact of the new prudential floor approach on the banks’ business model. KW - Basel III finalisation KW - Basel IV KW - business model planning KW - output floor KW - risk-weighted assets Y1 - 2021 SN - 1752-8887 SN - 1752-8895 VL - Vol. 14 IS - 3 SP - 256 EP - 267 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Neisen, Martin A1 - Schulte-Mattler, Hermann T1 - CRD VI/CRR III: Die Umsetzung der Baseler Eigenmittelempfehlungen (Basel IV) in der Europäischen Union im Überblick T2 - Zeitschrift für Wirtschafts- und Bankrecht Y1 - 2022 SN - 0342-6971 VL - 76 IS - 11 SP - 497 EP - 548 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Neisen, Martin A1 - Geraskin, Petr T1 - Improved credit default prediction using machine learning and its impact on risk-weighted assets of banks T2 - Journal of AI, Robotics & Workplace Automation N2 - The use of risk models, especially credit risk models, has been a standard for banks for many years. Banks use models not only for business decision purposes but also for regulatory purposes when comparing their risk with the available regulatory capital. Furthermore, banks need to efficiently allocate their capital in the current competitive and regulatory environments. As part of this process, they develop models to predict the probability of default (PD), which are further used to calculate risk-weighted assets (RWA). This paper gives an overview of how banks calculate RWA for credit risk. We compare the performance of traditional PD models based on logistic regression with a machine learning (ML) algorithm based on gradient boosting. This shows that an improvement in PD model performance by using ML algorithms can also lead to a decrease of RWA, therefore releasing additional capital for the banks. We developed and calibrated PD models based on logistic regression and light gradient boosting machine (GBM) approaches and compared them in terms of discriminatory power and the impact on RWA to prove this statement. This paper shows that the use of ML leads in our case study to an improvement in the model’s discriminatory power of 5 per cent in terms of Gini and releasing RWA of approximately 6.5 per cent. KW - Basel IV KW - artificial intelligence KW - machine learning KW - credit risk KW - banking regulation Y1 - 2022 SN - 2633-5638 VL - Vol. 1 IS - 4 SP - 1 EP - 14 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bayuzick, Samuel A1 - Guarin, Daniel A1 - Bonhage, Alexander A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Diefenbach, Duane A1 - McDill, Marc A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Drohan, Patrick J. T1 - Small anthropogenic landforms from past charcoal production control moisture dynamics and chemistry in northcentral Appalachian soils T2 - Geomorphology N2 - Throughout the northeastern United States (U.S.) and Europe, relict charcoal hearths (RCHs) are regularly being discovered in proximity to furnaces once used for the extraction of metal from ore or quick-lime production; charcoal produced in hearths was used as a furnace fuel. Given previous research has shown that topographic and subsurface disturbance can be great when a hearth is constructed, we hypothesize that hearth construction alters surface hydrology and soil chemistry in environments in and near hearths. We used a landscape classification process to identify 6758 hearths near furnaces at Greenwood and Pine Grove Furnace State Park, central and southcentral Pennsylvania, U.S. Two types of digital elevation model wetness indexes were used to quantify surface hydrology effects in and around hearths. Modeled wetness conditions were compared to field soil volumetric water content in RCHs near Greenwood Furnace State Park. Modeled wetness indexes indicate that RCH interiors are significantly wetter than RCH rim areas; RCHs are acting as a landscape moisture sink. Results also indicate that RCHs on slopes result in downslope drier conditions below RCHs. Field measured volumetric water content indicates that as distance from the center of the hearth increases, soil moisture significantly decreases. Geomorphic position was found to not be related to RCH wetness. Soil from RCHs, compared to nearby native soils, has significantly higher total C, a lower Mehlich 3 extractable acidity, higher Ca and P. No trend was evident with RCH soil chemistry and geomorphic position. The high frequency of RCH occurrence, in proximity to the furnace's RCHs supported, suggests that RCHs today could locally be an important niche for understory flora and fauna. Further research could explore how RCHs might be affecting surrounding plant populations and how within RCH patterns, especially on hillslopes, might represent a distinctly different scale of physical and chemical variability. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169555X22002720 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2022.108379 SN - 1872-695X VL - 415 SP - 1 EP - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Scheffler, Robert T1 - On the recognition of search trees generated by BFS and DFS T2 - Theoretical Computer Science Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tcs.2022.09.018 SN - 0304-3975 VL - 936 SP - 116 EP - 128 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Khan, Naveed Ahmad A1 - Mihoci, Andrija A1 - Michalk, Silke A1 - Sarachuk, Kirill A1 - Javed, Hafiz Ali T1 - Employee Performance Measures appraised by Training and Labour Market: Evidence from the Banking Sector of Germany T2 - Administrative Science N2 - Our paper examines the impact of training outputs and employment factors on several facets of employee performance while supporting managerial decision-making in the banking sector. First, we introduce four performance measures in individual productivity assessment. Second, three identified groups of covariates are associated with these measures, namely, the training method success, delivery of knowledge, and labor market performance feedback. Based on our empirical results from Germany, we suggest that response-related decisions are accompanying bank employees’ profiles and appraisal. In particular, we form decision-making functions and finally show that the banking industry successfully balances between internal and external factors in optimizing employees’ performance. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3387/12/4/143 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci12040143 SN - 2076-3387 VL - 12 IS - 4 SP - 1 EP - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rodda, Costanza A1 - Harlander, Uwe A1 - Vincze, Miklos T1 - Jet stream variability in a polar warming scenario – a laboratory perspective T2 - Weather and Climate Dynamics Y1 - 2022 UR - https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/3/937/2022/ U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-3-937-2022 SN - 2698-4016 VL - 3 IS - 3 SP - 937 EP - 950 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Scheffler, Robert T1 - The Distance Orientation Problem T2 - Discrete Applied Mathematics Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dam.2022.06.009 SN - 0166-218X VL - 323 SP - 324 EP - 342 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bode, Annika T1 - To what extent can community energy mitigate energy poverty in Germany? T2 - Frontiers in Sustainable Cities N2 - The reduction of energy poverty and the expansion of citizen-led community energy projects are two important issues for a just energy transition in the European Union. While some socio-economic aspects of community energy are well researched, there is a dearth of literature on its potential to include vulnerable households and eventually reduce the risk of energy poverty. Through the lens of energy vulnerability thinking, this paper examines current and future drivers of energy poverty in Germany, as well as factors that may limit or facilitate the inclusion of vulnerable consumers in community energy. It draws on previous studies and on 12 semi-structured interviews conducted in the Summer of 2021 with experts in the fields of energy poverty or community energy. Using a three-tenet conceptualization of energy justice, the article argues that community energy projects can mitigate energy poverty in Germany by providing affordable renewable electricity to vulnerable and energy-poor consumers, as well as by establishing fair procedures that consider various vulnerability contexts. Yet, deep-rooted distributional injustices in housing and social transfer schemes that drive energy poverty are likely to remain. In order to advance energy justice, community energy projects hinge on a collaborative multi-level and multi-actor environment. KW - energy poverty KW - energy vulnerability KW - just transition KW - energy justice KW - community energy KW - renewable energy communities Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/frsc.2022.1005065 SN - 2624-9634 IS - 4 SP - 1 EP - 18 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rabiu, Mubarik Kassim A1 - Jaeger-Erben, Melanie T1 - Appropriation and routinisation of circular consumer practices: A review of current knowledge in the circular economy literature T2 - Cleaner and Responsible Consumption N2 - There is an increasing desire for regenerative consumption and production systems that—through the concept of the circular economy—enable longer and better use of resources and products. Circular products and services designed for repair, reuse and recycling require alternative consumption patterns, consumer roles and daily routines—a topic that is still under-researched in the current circular economy literature. We conducted a systematic review of the literature on circular practices with the following objectives: (1) to identify the circular consumer practices studied, (2) to determine the necessary conditions for their appropriation and routinisation, and (3) to suggest how their appropriation and routinisation can be better studied. The analysis of 44 articles revealed 15 circular consumer practices. Meanwhile, Circular consumer practices relating to sufficiency, such as refuse and reduce, have received less attention. We find that elements of practice such as consumer competence, meaning and material play an important role in the appropriation and routinisation of circular consumer practices. However, components such as socio-structural contexts, trade-offs and rebound effects, all of which influence the likelihood of appropriation and routinisation of circular products and services, have not been sufficiently explored. We also find that circular consumer practices are often described as momentary doings rather than ones that are continuously integrated into existing everyday consumption routines. Our findings suggest that circular consumer practices, although interconnected and likely to compete or reinforce each other, are currently conceptualised as isolated practices. Future research should explore how circular consumer practices interlock with and reconfigure other practices and contribute to the improvement of the framework proposed in this review. KW - Circular consumer practices (CCPs) KW - Rebound effect KW - Sustainable consumption KW - Appropriation Routinisation KW - Systematic review Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666784322000353 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clrc.2022.100081 SN - 2666-7843 VL - Vol. 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hütter, Geralf T1 - Interpretation of micromorphic constitutive relations for porous materials at the microscale via harmonic decomposition T2 - Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids N2 - Micromorphic theories became an established tool to model size effects in materials like dispersion, localization phenomena or (apparently) size dependent properties. However, the formulation of adequate constitutive relations with its large number of constitutive relations and respective parameters hinders the usage of the full micromorphic theory, which has 18 constitutive parameters already in the isotropic linear elastic case. Although it is clear that these parameters are related to predicted size effects, the individual meaning of single parameters has been rather unclear. The present work tries to elucidate the interpretation of the constitutive relations and their parameters. For this purpose, a harmonic decomposition is applied to the governing equations of micromorphic theory. The harmonic modes are interpreted at the microscale using a homogenization method for a simple volume element with spherical pore. The resulting boundary-value problem at the microscale is solved analytically for the linear-elastic case using spherical harmonics resulting in closed-form expressions for all of the elastic 18 parameters. These values are used to predict the size effect in torsion of slender foam specimens. The predictions are compared with respective experimental results from literature. KW - Micromorphic theory KW - Homogenization KW - Size effect in torsion KW - Harmonic decomposition KW - Foam material Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmps.2022.105135 VL - 171 SP - 1 EP - 24 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoffmann, Christin A1 - Thommes, Kirsten T1 - Seizing the Opportunity for Automation—How Traffic Density Determines Truck Drivers' Use of Cruise Control T2 - IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/THMS.2022.3212335 SN - 2168-2291 SN - 2168-2305 VL - 52 IS - 6 SP - 1205 EP - 1215 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cieśla, Elżbieta A1 - Suliga, Edyta A1 - Kadučáková, Helena A1 - Michel, Sven A1 - Ižová, Marcela A1 - Simočková, Viera A1 - Martin, Titus A1 - Braun, Alexander A1 - Kozieł, Dorota A1 - Gluszek, Stanisław T1 - Reproducibility of the German and Slovakian Versions of the Dietary Habits and Nutrition Beliefs Questionnaire (KomPAN) T2 - Nutrients N2 - Purpose. The aim of this study was to assess the reproducibility and reliability of the KomPAN questionnaire among two groups of university students from Germany and Slovakia. Methods. A total of 422 individuals (mean age 21.4 years, SD 4.0), including 197 from Slovakia (men 26.2%) and 225 from Germany (men 22.3%), were tested using the self-administered (SA-Q) version of the KomPAN questionnaire and then retested two weeks later. A cross-classification analysis, kappa coefficients, Cronbach’s ɑ coefficients, and a test-retest result comparison were conducted separately for each group of students to assess the reproducibility and reliability of the questionnaire. Results. The cross-classification values were higher than 46.2% among the German students and higher than 55.8% among the Slovakian students. The kappa coefficients ranged from 0.21 to 0.90 in the German students and from 0.38 to 0.94 in the Slovakian students. Cronbach’s ɑ ranged from 0.58 to 0.78. Conclusion. The questionnaire displayed a moderate to very good reproducibility, which was slightly higher in the Slovakian group than in the German group. Therefore, the questionnaire can be recommended for further analysis and comparison of the dietary habits among Germans and Slovakians on a larger scale. KW - food frequency questionnaire; dietary habits, reproducibility Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14224893 SN - 2072-6643 VL - 14 IS - 22 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Prill, Robert A1 - Becker, Roland A1 - Michel, Sven T1 - Kraftindex deutet bei Judoka 5 Jahre nach Kreuzbandruptur auf Muskelfaserspektrumsänderung hin T2 - Sports Orthopaedics and Traumatology Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orthtr.2022.02.025 SN - 1876-4339 VL - 38 IS - 2 SP - 198 EP - 199 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Huber-Liebl, Markus A1 - Römer, Ronald A1 - Wirsching, Günther A1 - Schmitt, Ingo A1 - beim Graben, Peter A1 - Wolff, Matthias T1 - Quantum-inspired Cognitive Agents T2 - Frontiers in Applied Mathematics and Statistics N2 - The concept of intelligent agents is—roughly speaking—based on an architecture and a set of behavioral programs that primarily serve to solve problems autonomously. Increasing the degree of autonomy and improving cognitive performance, which can be assessed using cognitive and behavioral tests, are two important research trends. The degree of autonomy can be increased using higher-level psychological modules with which needs and motives are taken into account. In our approach we integrate these modules in architecture for an embodied, enactive multi-agent system, such that distributed problem solutions can be achieved. Furthermore, after uncovering some weaknesses in the cognitive performance of traditionally designed agents, we focus on two major aspects. On the one hand, the knowledge processing of cognitive agents is based on logical formalisms, which have deficiencies in the representation and processing of incomplete or uncertain knowledge. On the other hand, in order to fully understand the performance of cognitive agents, explanations at the symbolic and subsymbolic levels are required. Both aspects can be addressed by quantum-inspired cognitive agents. To investigate this approach, we consider two tasks in the sphere of Shannon's famous mouse-maze problem: namely classifying target objects and ontology inference. First, the classification of an unknown target object in the mouse-maze, such as cheese, water, and bacon, is based on sensory data that measure characteristics such as odor, color, shape, or nature. For an intelligent agent, we need a classifier with good prediction accuracy and explanatory power on a symbolic level. Boolean logic classifiers do work on a symbolic level but are not adequate for dealing with continuous data. Therefore, we demonstrate and evaluate a quantum-logic-inspired classifier in comparison to Boolean-logic-based classifiers. Second, ontology inference is iteratively achieved by a quantum-inspired agent through maze exploration. This requires the agent to be able to manipulate its own state by performing actions and by collecting sensory data during perception. We suggest an algebraic approach where both kinds of behaviors are uniquely described by quantum operators. The agent's state space is then iteratively constructed by carrying out unitary action operators, while Hermitian perception operators act as observables on quantum eigenstates. As a result, an ontology emerges as the simultaneous solution of the respective eigenvalue equations. Tags: btuktqiai; btuktcogsys; btukttheseus; btuktqtheseus Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fams.2022.909873 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fams.2022.909873 SN - 2297-4687 IS - 8 SP - 1 EP - 31 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Neisen, Martin A1 - Schulte-Mattler, Hermann T1 - CRR III implementaion: Impact on capital requirements, performance and business models of European banks T2 - Journal of Risk Management in Financial Institutions N2 - The European Banking Package II finalises the implementation of the final Basel III standards, which the industry refers to as ‘Basel IV’. It entails many changes to the methods used to determine capital requirements and represents a significant challenge for the European banking sector. Based on the Capital Requirements Regulation (CRR) III draft, this paper provides an overview of the main implementation issues in the European Union, discusses the potential impact on banks’ capital requirements and makes policy recommendations. This paper uses primary sources such as the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, the European Banking Authority and the European Commission. Secondary sources, academic articles or analyses from various stakeholders are also included in the analysis. This paper also provides an analysis of the impact of the new prudential regulations on banks based on 30 detailed Basel IV impact studies conducted over the past two years in consulting projects with banks from almost all EU countries. The impact analysis covers a wide range of different business models, bank sizes and countries. We believe the anonymised data we use is far more representative of the EU banking system and other jurisdictions than the impact studies performed by the European Commission or the BCBS. The new CRR III regulations will pose strategic, operational and regulatory challenges for the banks concerned. The paper concludes that the European implementation of the reforms will not burden a specific group of banks, but banks with different business models and of different size will be impacted differently but still significantly. This makes Basel IV and CRR III unique compared to previous reforms of the Basel framework. The EU Commission’s goal of proportionality of regulations will not provide much relief in this regard. The paper provides an up-to-date and comprehensive overview of the planned changes in CRR III, ie in capital adequacy requirements. It analyses the implementation of the standards and compares them with the Basel IV requirements. Recommendations for supervisors, risk management practitioners and other interested parties conclude the paper. KW - Basel III finalisation KW - Basel IV KW - credit risk standardised approach (SA-CR) KW - internal ratings-based approach (IRBA) KW - operational risk Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.researchgate.net/publication/365143077_CRR_III_implementation_Impact_on_capital_requirements_performance_and_business_models_of_European_banks SN - 1752-8887 VL - 15 IS - 4 SP - 338 EP - 361 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Jian A1 - Li, Zheng A1 - Robra, Jörgen A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Euler, Mathias T1 - Investigation on Shear Buckling of Corrugated Web Beams with Reinforced Web Openings T2 - ce/papers N2 - Corrugated web beams are welded I‐sections with thin‐walled sinusoidal corrugated webs and flanges made of wide flat steel that have been developed as an alternative to steel girders with flat webs. In comparison with hot‐rolled or welded I‐beams with flat webs, corrugated web beams are connected with considerable material savings and fully automated production. Assuming the same load‐bearing capacity, corrugated web beams are lighter than those with a flat web, since the corrugated web beams can often be loaded up to their plastic resistance without reinforcement of the web. The research on the load‐bearing behavior of corrugated web beams without web openings is relatively mature. However, the resistance of corrugated web beams with reinforced web openings, as they are often used in buildings for installations, has not well experimentally been investigated, yet. This paper deals with the shear resistance of corrugated web beams with reinforced square web openings. Three specimens of different geometry with two square web openings were tested. The experiments are compared with a Finite Element Analysis by Abaqus® and with an analytical model allowing simplified calculation. Both models can relatively accurately calculate the shear resistance. The experimental and numerical results show that the increase of the shear resistance of perforated corrugated web beams depends on the wall‐thickness and the steel grade of the web opening reinforcement. KW - Corrugated web beams KW - square web openings KW - ring stiffener KW - local shear buckling KW - experimental investigation KW - finite element analysis Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cepa.1800 SN - 2509-7075 VL - 5 IS - 4 SP - 628 EP - 634 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Damptey, Frederick Gyasi A1 - Opuni-Frimpong, Emmanuel A1 - Ayine Nsor, Collins A1 - Addai, James A1 - Kwame Debrah, Daniel A1 - Schnerch, Benjamin A1 - Bentsi-Enchill, Felicity A1 - Korjus, Henn T1 - Taxonomic and community composition of epigeal arthropods in monoculture and mixed tree species plantations in a deciduous forest of Ghana T2 - Journal of Forestry Research N2 - Tropical forests provide several ecosystem services and functions and support approximately two-thirds of the world’s biodiversity but are seriously threatened by deforestation. Approaches to counteract this menace have revolved around aforestation with several or a single tree species. We thus investigated how plantation forests with either a single or several tree species infuenced arthropod taxonomic and community composition using pitfall traps to sample selected groups of epigeal arthropods (Araneae, Coleoptera, Orthoptera and Hymenoptera) and with environmental variables assessed simultaneously. Our results revealed 54 taxonomic groups with signifcantly higher taxonomic richness, activity density, and diversity in the mixed stands than in the monoculture stands. The significant differences in community composition were mainly driven by families including Lycosidae, Formicidae, Staphylinidae, Scotylidae, Hydrophilidae, Gryllidae and Scarabaeidae and were explained by distinct habitat characteristics (canopy openness, litter depth, deadwood volume, and tree height). While the diverse tree communities and heterogeneous vegetation structure ofered food and habitat resources for diverse arthropod groups, the allelopathic nature coupled with homogenous stand characteristics of the Tectona grandis stands in the monoculture suppressed the growth of understorey vegetation that could otherwise serve as food and habitat resources for arthropods, which might have led to limited activities and diversity of arthropods in the monoculture plantation stands. The fndings thus highlight the need to promote mixed tree plantations in degraded tropical areas, especially when restoring biodiversity is the prime management focus. KW - Arthropod community KW - Forest plantations KW - Structural complexity KW - Tree diversity KW - Tropical deforestation Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-022-01508-y VL - 34 IS - 3 SP - 641 EP - 653 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Galán Díaz, Javier A1 - Vilà, Montserrat A1 - Parker, Ingrid M. A1 - Garcia de la Riva, Enrique T1 - Functional assembly of grassland plant species in native communities in Spain and recipient communities in California T2 - Journal of Ecology N2 - A major aim in invasion ecology is to understand the role of exotic species in plant communities. Whereas most studies have explored the traits of exotic species in the context of the introduced community, functional comparisons of entire assemblages of species in their native and introduced communities have rarely been analysed. Taking advantage of the unidirectional invasion of plant species of European origin (i.e. colonizers) into California, this study aims to investigate the relative importance of plant traits, environmental factors and invasion status in biological invasions.We compared the functional structure (i.e. trait composition and diversity) along resource availability gradients in recipient and native Mediterranean grassland communities in California and Spain, respectively. Traits were related to resource use in above-ground and below-ground organs and reproductive strategy. We also investigated how niche differences vary along environmental gradients between coexisting colonizer and native species assemblages within communities.There were clear differences in the functional structure of Mediterranean grassland communities between regions, which were associated with the resource availability gradient. Paradoxically, the most acquisitive communities occurred in resource-poor sites, highlighting that rapid acquisition and use of resources permit species to cope with environmental stress through stress avoidance. In Spain, colonizer species had greater specific leaf area than non-colonizers. Yet, differences between colonizer and non-colonizer species in Spain for other traits were mostly absent and did not change along the gradient. This might be a result of the greater native species richness as a consequence of the agricultural practices that have taken place in Europe for millennia and reflect that the entire species pool of grasslands is adapted to agricultural landscapes. In comparison, in California, colonizer species were more acquisitive in their use of resources than natives under favourable conditions, but functionally converged in resource-limited sites.Synthesis. These results underscore that the importance of niche differences between native and colonizer species as a community assembly mechanism is strongly subjected to the influence of habitat filtering. Trait comparisons are context dependent, and a correct interpretation of filtering processes in community assembly requires a regional perspective. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.14027 SN - 0022-0477 VL - 111 IS - 1 SP - 214 EP - 226 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Damptey, Frederick Gyasi A1 - Opuni-Frimpong, Nana Yeboaa A1 - Arimiyaw, Abdul Wahid A1 - Bentsi-Enchill, Felicity A1 - Wiafe, Edward Debrah A1 - Abeyie, Betty Boante A1 - Mensah, Martin Kofi A1 - Debrah, Daniel Kwame A1 - Yeboah, Augustine Oti A1 - Opuni-Frimpong, Emmanuel T1 - Citizen Science Approach for Assessing the Biodiversity and Ecosystem Service Potential of Urban Green Spaces in Ghana T2 - Land N2 - Urban green spaces are linked to good human health and well-being, sustainable cities and communities, climate action, life on land and under water, as well as offering a platform for quality nature-based education. Their efficient management will no doubt be necessary if strides are to be made in efforts to protect biodiversity and enhance ecosystem service delivery in urban areas. This will, in part, require building the capacity of community members as citizen scientists to take up conservation roles. This study explored the levels of biodiversity and the proxy-based ecosystem service potential of urban green spaces in Sunyani, Ghana, using citizen science approaches. The green spaces accessed were the University of Energy and Natural Resources Wildlife Sanctuary and Arboretum, the Sunyani Parks and Gardens, the Sunyani Residency Park, and the Sunyani Senior High School Woodlot. The different levels of biodiversity (trees, arthropods) and ecosystem services were observed for the five green spaces assessed, with a significant relationship observed between arthropod communities and vegetation variables. Our results showed that citizen scientists perceived urban green spaces to supply more significant provisioning and regulating services than any other ecosystem services, even though they were highly dissatisfied with how green spaces are managed. The children’s perception of the composition of nature was slightly narrow, as they largely centered on plants and animals only. Even so, their awareness of the value of nature was high, as were the threats of human activities to nature. Citizen science approaches could complement biodiversity studies in data-deficient regions; however, collected data may require additional verification and validation from experts for conclusive and better inferences. KW - environmental education KW - nature conservation KW - sustainable development goals KW - urbanization Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/land11101774 SN - 2073-445X VL - 11 IS - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Marker, Paul A1 - Jirasek, Robert A1 - Schmidt, Therese A1 - Bleicher, Achim T1 - Development, realization, and experimental validation of an active hybrid roof structure based on elastic kinetic and rigid-body transformation T2 - International Journal of Space Structures N2 - Elastic kinetic structures are a recent approach to design transformable structures. Their transformation is based on elastic bending, that is compliant component behavior of structural members. This principle can be used to realize transformable structures with a stable deployment process. Regardless of a stable transformation, elastic kinetic structures are prone to static and dynamic loads due to their lightweight design. However, most of current research on these structures solely focuses on the principles of transformation. This paper proposes a concept for an active hybrid roof structure with a transformation based on elastic kinetics and rigid-body motion. The concept exhibits a stable structural deployment and active control components to counteract static and dynamic disturbances. Furthermore, this paper includes the realization and experimental evaluation of a mid-scale prototype structure. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/09560599221134286 SN - 2059-8033 VL - 38 (2023) IS - 2 SP - 83 EP - 100 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ballaschk, Cindy A1 - Schulze-Reichelt, Friederike A1 - Wachs, Sebastian A1 - Krause, Norman A1 - Wettstein, Alexander A1 - Kansok-Dusche, Julia A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Schubarth, Wilfried T1 - Ist das (schon) Hatespeech? – Eine qualitative Untersuchung zum Verständnis von Hatespeech unter pädagogischem Schulpersonal T2 - Zeitschrift für Bildungsforschung N2 - Hatespeech ist ein gesellschaftliches Phänomen, das auch die Lebenswelt Schule betrifft. Was jedoch pädagogisches Schulpersonal unter Hatespeech versteht, ist unklar und daher Thema der vorliegenden Interviewstudie mit Lehrkräften (n = 18) und Sozialpädagog_innen (n = 16). Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Hatespeech als Herabsetzung verschiedener strukturell unterdrückter Gruppen verstanden wird (z. B. Transpersonen, Homosexuelle, jüdische Personen). Die Befragten erkennen subtilere Formen von Hatespeech oft nicht als Problem an und verstehen Hatespeech vorranging als Online-Phänomen, obwohl auch Vorfälle in Schulen berichtet werden. Es lässt sich schlussfolgern, dass pädagogisches Schulpersonal für Offline-Hatespeech und subtilere Formen sensibilisiert werden muss, um ihre Interventionsbereitschaft zu steigern. KW - Hatespeech KW - Schule KW - Lehrkräfte KW - Hatespeech-Verständnis Y1 - 2022 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s35834-022-00367-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s35834-022-00367-1 SN - 2190-6890 SN - 2190-6904 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hernandez, Hector Gerardo Muñoz A1 - Fricke, Florian A1 - Al Kadi, Muhammed A1 - Reichenbach, Marc A1 - Hübner, Michael T1 - Edge GPU based on an FPGA Overlay Architecture using PYNQ T2 - 35th SBC/SBMicro/IEEE/ACM Symposium on Integrated Circuits and Systems Design (SBCCI). 2022 Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-1-6654-8128-1 SN - 978-1-6654-8129-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/SBCCI55532.2022.9893229 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schröder, Lena A1 - Regnath, Franziska A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Hackenberg, Anna A1 - Hente, Juliane A1 - Weilenmann, Sonja A1 - Pohl, Daniel A1 - Känel, Roland von A1 - Lehnen, Nadine T1 - Altered sensorimotor processing in irritable bowel syndrome: Evidence for a transdiagnostic pathomechanism in functional somatic disorders T2 - Frontiers in Neuroscience N2 - Objective A recent hypothesis suggests that functional somatic symptoms are due to altered information processing in the brain, with rigid expectations biasing sensorimotor signal processing. First experimental results confirmed such altered processing within the affected symptom modality, e.g., deficient eye-head coordination in patients with functional dizziness. Studies in patients with functional somatic symptoms looking at general, trans-symptomatic processing deficits are sparse. Here, we investigate sensorimotor processing during eye-head gaze shifts in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) to test whether processing deficits exist across symptom modalities. Methods Study participants were seven patients suffering from IBS and seven age- and gender-matched healthy controls who performed large gaze shifts toward visual targets. Participants performed combined eye-head gaze shifts in the natural condition and with experimentally increased head moment of inertia. Head oscillations as a marker for sensorimotor processing deficits were assessed. Bayes statistics was used to assess evidence for the presence or absence of processing differences between IBS patients and healthy controls. Results With the head moment of inertia increased, IBS patients displayed more pronounced head oscillations than healthy controls (Bayes Factor 10 = 56.4, corresponding to strong evidence). Conclusion Patients with IBS show sensorimotor processing deficits, reflected by increased head oscillations during large gaze shifts to visual targets. In particular, patients with IBS have difficulties to adapt to the context of altered head moment of inertia. Our results suggest general transdiagnostic processing deficits in functional somatic disorders. KW - irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) KW - functional somatic disorders KW - somatoform disorders KW - predictive processing KW - transdiagnostic mechanism KW - gaze shift Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2022.1029126 SN - 1662-453X VL - 16 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fehlinger, Lena A1 - Mathieu-Resuge, Margaux A1 - Pilecky, Matthias A1 - Parmar, Tarn Preet A1 - Twining, Cornelia W. A1 - Martin-Creuzburg, Dominik A1 - Kainz, Martin J. T1 - Export of dietary lipids via emergent insects from eutrophic fishponds T2 - Hydrobiologia KW - Dietary energy KW - Eutrophic Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-022-05040-2 SN - 1573-5117 VL - Vol. 850 IS - 15 SP - 3241 EP - 3256 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pilecky, Matthias A1 - Mathieu-Resuge, Margaux A1 - Závorka, Libor A1 - Fehlinger, Lena A1 - Winter, Katharina A1 - Martin-Creuzburg, Dominik A1 - Kainz, Martin J. T1 - Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) obtain omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids via dietary supply and endogenous bioconversion in semi-intensive aquaculture ponds T2 - Aquaculture KW - Aquaculture KW - Fatty acid bioconversion Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2022.738731 SN - 0044-8486 VL - 561 SP - 1 EP - 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schneider, Peter Irenäus A1 - Röhl, Constanze T1 - Zum Umgang mit Raubgrabungen in der Archäologie der Modern: Fallbeispiel Peenemünde (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern) T2 - DGUF Newsletter Y1 - 2021 UR - https://dguf.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Newsletter-Archiv/dguf-dok_100_newsletter_2021-05-12.pdf SP - 108 EP - 109 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Parmar, Tarn Preet A1 - Kindinger, Alina L. A1 - Mathieu-Resuge, Margaux A1 - Martin-Creuzburg, Dominik T1 - Fatty acid composition differs between emergent aquatic and terrestrial insects - A detailed single system approach T2 - Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2022.952292 SN - 2296-701X SP - 1 EP - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hitziger, Thomas A1 - Näke, Luisa A1 - Pavelka, Karel T1 - Ice Elevation Change Based on GNSS Measurements along the Korth-Traverse in Southern Greenland T2 - Applied Sciences N2 - In 1912, a Swiss expedition led by meteorologist Alfred de Quervain crossed the Greenland ice sheet on a route from Disko Bay to Tasiilaq. Based on that, in 2002, a series of geodetic expeditions carried out by W. Korth and later by T. Hitziger began along the same traverse as in 1912, with the last measurements taken in May 2021. The statically collected GPS/GNSS data provide very accurate elevation changes at 36 points along the almost 700 km long crossing over a period of 19 years. According to this, there is a maximum increase of 2.1 m in the central area and a decrease of up to 38.7 m towards the coasts (influence Ilulissat Isbræ). By using kinematic GNSS measurements, there is a very dense profile with a spacing of a few meters. The comparison of those measurements is performed using crossing points or minimum distances and gives equivalent results for both methods. It is shown that local ice topography is preserved, and thus gaps in data sets can be caught. Areas of accumulation and ablation on the ice sheet can be identified, showing the widespread influence of outlet glaciers up to 200 km. The data can be used for direct verification of altimetry data, such as IceSat. Both IceSat elevations and their changes can be compared. KW - Greenland ice sheet KW - monitoring KW - GNSS KW - expedition KW - Jakobshavn Isbræ KW - Helheim Glacier KW - IceSat KW - climate change KW - glacier profile Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/23/12066 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/app122312066 SN - 1454-5101 VL - 12 IS - 23 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Alsabbagh, Wael A1 - Langendörfer, Peter T1 - A Flashback on Control Logic Injection Attacks against Programmable Logic Controllers T2 - Automation N2 - Programmable logic controllers (PLCs) make up a substantial part of critical infrastructures (CIs) and industrial control systems (ICSs). They are programmed with a control logic that defines how to drive and operate critical processes such as nuclear power plants, petrochemical factories, water treatment systems, and other facilities. Unfortunately, these devices are not fully secure and are prone to malicious threats, especially those exploiting vulnerabilities in the control logic of PLCs. Such threats are known as control logic injection attacks. They mainly aim at sabotaging physical processes controlled by exposed PLCs, causing catastrophic damage to target systems as shown by Stuxnet. Looking back over the last decade, many research endeavors exploring and discussing these threats have been published. In this article, we present a flashback on the recent works related to control logic injection attacks against PLCs. To this end, we provide the security research community with a new systematization based on the attacker techniques under three main attack scenarios. For each study presented in this work, we overview the attack strategies, tools, security goals, infected devices, and underlying vulnerabilities. Based on our analysis, we highlight the current security challenges in protecting PLCs from such severe attacks and suggest security recommendations for future research directions. KW - industrial control system KW - programmable logic controller KW - control logic injection attack KW - program injection KW - program modification Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/automation3040030 SN - 2673-4052 VL - 3 IS - 4 SP - 596 EP - 621 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kotlarski, Georgi A1 - Ormanova, Maria A1 - Ossenbrink, Ralf A1 - Nikitin, Alexander A1 - Doynov, Nikolay A1 - Valkov, Stefan A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Fabrication and Characterization of Wire Arc Additively Manufactured AlSi5 Structures T2 - Metals N2 - For the purpose of this research, single track details were manufactured in the shape of thin walls with a length of 100 mm and a height of 80 mm. Two welding speeds were chosen for this experiment–13.3 mm/s and 20.0 mm/s corresponding to the following heat inputs: 120 J/mm and 80 J/mm. The gas metal arc welding (GMAW) method was used for the build-up of the specimens in the cold arc pulse mode. The structure of the specimens was studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis carried out with CuKα radiation with a wavelength of 1.5406 Ǻ, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Furthermore, the Vickers hardness of the samples was determined using a ZwickRoell DuraScan 10/20 G5 unit at a force of 1 N. A preferred crystallographic orientation towards the (200) plane was observed in all cases, however a vastly textured structure was observed with inclusions of peaks in the (111), (220), and (311) crystallographic planes. The full width at half maximum (FWHM) of samples taken from different stages of build-up was calculated indicating an increase of the dislocation density at the more advanced stages of specimen growth. Despite that an increase of the hardness was observed towards the top of both specimens. This is attributed to the change in the structure of the αAl + Si formations from an irregular one at the bottom of the specimens, towards a fibrous one at the top. The results are discussed in regard to the optimization of the build-up process during wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM). KW - wire arc additive manufacturing KW - Al4043 KW - AlSi5 KW - heat input KW - microstructure KW - eutectic formations Y1 - 2022 SN - 2075-4701 VL - 12 IS - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lopens, Steffi A1 - Wunsch, Ewa A1 - Milkiewicz, Malgorzata A1 - Röber, Nadja A1 - Zarske, Grit A1 - Nasser, Abdullah A1 - Conrad, Karsten A1 - Laass, Martin W. A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Krawczyk, Marcin A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Milkiewicz, Piotr T1 - PR3-ANCAs Detected by Third-Generation ELISA Predicts Severe Disease and Poor Survival in Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis T2 - Diagnostics N2 - A highly sensitive detection of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies to serine proteinase-3 (PR3-ANCAs) aids in the serological diagnosis of autoimmune liver disorders and the prediction of severity in primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Here, we evaluate a novel third-generation ELISA for the detection of PR3-ANCAs. In total, 309 patients with PSC, 51 with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), and 120 healthy blood donors (BD) were analyzed. For the survival analysis in PSC, the outcome was defined as liver-transplantation-free survival during the follow-up. Positive PR3-ANCA levels were found in 74/309 (24.0%) of patients with PSC. No BDs and one patient with PBC demonstrated PR3-ANCA positivity. PR3-ANCAs were revealed as independent predictors for a poor PSC outcome (study endpoint: liver transplantation/death, log-rank test, p = 0.02). PR3-ANCA positivity, lower albumin levels, and higher bilirubin concentrations were independent risks of a poor survival (Cox proportional-hazards regression analysis, p < 0.05). The Mayo risk score for PSC was associated with PR3-ANCA positivity (p = 0.01) and the disease severity assessed with a model of end-stage liver disease (MELD) and extended MELD-Na (p < 0.05). PR3-ANCAs detected by a third-generation ELISA are diagnostic and prognostic markers for PSC. Their wider use could help to identify patients who are at-risk of a more severe disease. KW - primary sclerosing cholangitis KW - antibodies against serine protease proteinase-3 KW - survival KW - health-related quality of life KW - liver biochemistry KW - disease severity Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12112682 SN - 2075-4418 VL - 12 IS - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Omair, Muhammad A1 - Alkahtani, Mohammed A1 - Ayaz, Kashif A1 - Hussain, Ghulam A1 - Buhl, Johannes T1 - Supply Chain Modelling of the Automobile Multi-Stage Production Considering Circular Economy by Waste Management Using Recycling and Reworking Operations T2 - Sustainability N2 - The supply chain management plays a crucial role in delivering products from a supplier, through the manufacturer, distributors, and retailers to the targeted customers. The lifecycle of the products can be ended at any stage due to imperfect quality or waste, which are typically not managed well for a good price. This product’s life can be extended and increased with the use of the circular economy for the value addition processes which turn the waste into byproducts, which can be sold with maximum profit. The automobile industry is associated with various other small industries and is very significant for the economy at the local, national, and international levels. However, the industry also requires sustainable development in its supply chain management, gained by introducing the circular economy concept to manage and reduce the generated waste. The consumption of carbon fiber-reinforced composites (CFRCs) in the manufacturing of numerous automotive parts has acquired immense attention this decade, but the process also generates imperfect products (waste). The proposed model is based on a mathematical formulation to manage imperfect production by reworking and recycling, where the former is required to re-add value to the proportion of the rejected parts, and the latter is to recycle the remaining scrap into useful products by using a circular economy. The outsourcing operation is also added to provide an optimal level of inventory and lot sizing for minimizing the total cost of the supply chain management. Data from the automobile part industry are tested to provide the practical implications of the proposed SCM mathematical model. Sensitivity analysis is performed to understand the significance level of the individual parameters affecting the objective function, i.e., the total cost of the SCM. The results show a meaningful insight for the managers to obtain the benefits of the circular economy in multi-stage automobile part production for sustainable and resilient supply chain management. KW - supply chain management KW - circular economy KW - automotive industry KW - outsourcing KW - imperfect production Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/su142215428 SN - 2071-1050 VL - 14 IS - 22 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bezděk, Ales A1 - Kostelecký, Jakub A1 - Sebera, Josef A1 - Hitziger, Thomas T1 - GNSS Profile from the Greenland Korth Expeditions in the Context of Satellite Data T2 - Applied Sciences N2 - Over the last two decades, a small group of researchers repeatedly crossed the Greenland interior skiing along a 700-km long route from east to west, acquiring precise GNSS measurements at exactly the same locations. Four such elevation profiles of the ice sheet measured in 2002, 2006, 2010 and 2015 were differenced and used to analyze the surface elevation change. Our goal is to compare such locally measured GNSS data with independent satellite observations. First, we show an agreement in the rate of elevation change between the GNSS data and satellite radar altimetry (ERS, Envisat, CryoSat-2). Both datasets agree well (2002–2015), and both correctly display local features such as an elevation increase in the central part of the ice sheet and a sharp gradual decline in the surface heights above Jakobshavn Glacier. Second, we processed satellite gravimetry data (GRACE) in order for them to be comparable with local GNSS measurements. The agreement is demonstrated by a time series at one of the measurement sites. Finally, we provide our own satellite gravimetry (GRACE, GRACE-FO, Swarm) estimate of the Greenland mass balance: first a mild decrease (2002–2007: −210 ± 29 Gt/yr), then an accelerated mass loss (2007–2012: −335 ± 29 Gt/yr), which was noticeably reduced afterwards (2012–2017: −178 ± 72 Gt/yr), and nowadays it seems to increase again (2018–2019: −278 ± 67 Gt/yr). KW - Greenland ice sheet KW - GNSS KW - gravimetry KW - altimetry KW - GRACE KW - Swarm Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/3/1115 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/app11031115 SN - 2076-3417 VL - 11 IS - 3 SP - 1 EP - 18 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Arvidsson, Fredrik A1 - Montes, Melanie S. A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Microhabitat conditions affect web-building spider communities and their prey independent of effects of short-term wildlife fencing on forest vegetation T2 - Journal of Arachnology N2 - Spiders play a key role in forest food webs, where they regulate decomposer populations and may act as predators of pests and disease vectors. Spider community composition is determined in part by vegetation structure. Therefore, the exclusion of large mammals, such as deer and wild boar, through wildlife fencing may affect the composition of spider communities and their prey in forest ecosystems. Web-building spiders and their prey were hand-collected in plots that had been fenced for three years, as well as adjacent unfenced plots in a mixed temperate forest in north-eastern Germany. Additionally, spiders in the leaf litter were sampled in fenced and unfenced subareas by sieving litter. Wildlife fencing did not significantly affect spider densities or community composition per microhabitat. However, fencing affected the cover of different microhabitats significantly as there was a higher density of larger trees and higher leaflitter cover in fenced plots while there was a higher percentage of bare ground and deadwood in unfenced plots. Spider communities and their prey composition differed significantly between microhabitats (deciduous trees, coniferous trees, dead wood, understory vegetation, leaf litter) independent of fencing. Thysanoptera prey was mainly caught by spiders on coniferous trees and in the understory vegetation. Heteroptera prey were captured most frequently in the understory vegetation while Hymenoptera (excl. Formicidae) prey were mostly caught on deciduous trees. Several spider species showed a preference between deciduous and coniferous trees in the mixed forest. Wildlife fencing alters the vegetation structure of mixed forests and has indirect effects on spider communities and their role in forest food webs due to alteration of microhabitat availability. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1636/JoA-S-21-046 SN - 1937-2396 VL - 50 IS - 3 SP - 308 EP - 313 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sarpong, Daniella A1 - Amankwaa, Gordon A1 - Martienssen, Marion A1 - Burkhardt, Marko T1 - A novel biomethane (BMP) and somposting (CMP) potential framework for determining biogas and composting potential of urban organic waste T2 - Environmental Technology Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/09593330.2022.2145241 SN - 1479-487X VL - 45(2024) IS - 8 SP - 1471 EP - 1482 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schneehagen, Erik W. A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Sarradj, Ennes T1 - Influence of end plate placement on the reduction of airfoil tip vortex formation noise T2 - Acta Acustica Y1 - 2022 UR - https://acta-acustica.edpsciences.org/articles/aacus/full_html/2022/01/aacus220025/aacus220025.html U6 - https://doi.org/10.1051/aacus/2022053 SN - 2681-4617 VL - 6 SP - 1 EP - 14 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bayuzick, Samuel A1 - Guarin, Daniel A1 - Benavides, Jhony A1 - Bonhage, Alexander A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Diefenbach, Duane A1 - McDill, Marc A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Drohan, Patrick J. T1 - Soil and geomorphic patterns within relict charcoal hearths could represent unique ecosystem niches T2 - Geomorphology N2 - Hearths used for 19th and 20th century charcoal manufacturing have been found to have unique plant communities or to produce unique growth characteristics for some species but not others. Given known differences in hearth morphology, within hearth physical and chemical differences may exist and result in unique ecologic niches. We examined soil stratigraphy across 8 relict charcoal hearths (RCH) and control soils on different landforms near a 19th century furnace complex (Greenwood Furnace, northcentral Appalachians USA). Soils were analyzed for particle size, total and trace elements, and fertility. Platform creation resulted in soils from upslope RCH positions mixed with subsurface materials on the downslope side to create a stabilized platform. The thin, uniform thickness of charcoal surface horizons (Ac) indicate that RCHs were not used more than once for charcoal manufacturing or that charcoal was always removed very efficiently. While rubification of soil or rock from high heat was seen in 6 of 8 sites sampled, it was not extensive across sampled areas of any one hearth, which indicate hearth use may not be frequent, hot enough, or spatially disparate. Soil fertility characteristics change within RCHs but also by landscape position. Downslope RCH positions are enriched in some parameters compared to control soils (total C, Mehlich 3 Mg, Ca, and Aquia Regia digestion Mn) and that enrichment often is from the surface downward. Downslope enrichment within RCH soils may have occurred from charcoal and released ions, slope erosion and accumulation, or transportation of constructed materials during RCH creation. Landscape position may accentuate or mute soil chemistry differences. Greenwood Furnace RCHs have unique patterns of chemistry, which could result in unique niches for flora and maybe fauna within RCH. Future research could more closely investigate whether hearths support unique species assemblages and how they may play a role in enhancing today’s forest biodiversity. Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169555X22004184 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2022.108525 SN - 1872-695X VL - 422 SP - 1 EP - 16 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lengenfeld, Jonas A1 - Wendland, David T1 - Großes im Kleinen: Die Steinplanung des Bergfriedes der Schönburg im Kontext der Naumburger Dombauhütte um 1200 T2 - Saale-Unstrut-Jahrbuch N2 - Bericht zu Bauforschung am Turm der Schönburg bei Naumburg. Besonderes Augenmerk gilt der aufwendigen Steinplanung, ihren Bezügen zur Naumburger Dombauhütte, sowie dem Fund eines frühen Kranes vom Typus des Kölner Domkranes. KW - Naumburg KW - Dom KW - Naumburger Dom KW - Schönburg KW - Schönburg (Saale) KW - Bergfried KW - Kemenate KW - Kamin KW - Latrine KW - Kran KW - Mittelalter Kran KW - Mittelalter KW - Hochmittelalter KW - Steinplanung KW - Stereotomie KW - Rundbogen KW - Scheitrechter Bogen KW - Werksteinkonstruktion KW - Sandstein KW - Kalkstein KW - Berthold II von Naumburg KW - Bauforschung KW - Baugeschichte KW - Bautechnikgeschichte KW - Construction history KW - Building archaeology KW - archaeology KW - crane KW - medieval history KW - chimney Y1 - 2022 SN - 1431-0791 VL - Jg. 28.2023 SP - 30 EP - 44 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Giao, Joao A1 - Nazarenko, Artem A. A1 - Luis-Ferreira, Fernando A1 - Gonçalves, Diogo A1 - Sarraipa, Joao T1 - A Framework for Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)-Based IoT Application Development T2 - Processes N2 - In the last decades, the increasing complexity of industrial information technology has led to the emergence of new trends in manufacturing. Factories are using multiple Internet of Things (IoT) platforms to harvest sensor information to improve production. Such a transformation contributes to efficiency growth and reduced production costs. To deal with the heterogeneity of the services within an IoT system, Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) is referred to in the literature as being advantageous for the design and development of software to support IoT-based production processes. The aim of SOA-based design is to provide the leverage to use and reuse loosely coupled IoT services at the middleware layer to minimise system integration problems. We propose a system architecture that follows the SOA architectural pattern and enables developers and business process designers to dynamically add, query or use instances of existing modular software in the IoT context. Furthermore, an analysis of utilization of modular software that presents some challenges and limitations of this approach is also in the scope of this work. KW - application programming interfaces KW - Internet of Things KW - interoperability KW - middleware KW - modular construction Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9717/10/9/1782 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/pr10091782 SN - 2227-9717 VL - 10 IS - 9 SP - 1 EP - 25 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sousa, João A1 - Nazarenko, Artem A. A1 - Grunewald, Christian A1 - Psarommatis, Foivos A1 - Fraile, Francisco A1 - Meyer, Olga A1 - Sarraipa, João T1 - Zero-defect manufacturing terminology standardization: Definition, improvement, and harmonization T2 - Frontiers in Manufacturing Technology N2 - Zero-Defect Manufacturing (ZDM) is the next evolutionary step in quality management for manufacturing that makes use of Industry 4.0 technologies to support quality in manufacturing. These technologies help reduce the cost of inspection, allowing for more inspection points throughout the manufacturing process, reducing the size of quality feedback loops, and guaranteeing that no defective product is delivered to the customer. There are several ZDM-related initiatives, but still no harmonized terminology. This article describes the methodological approach to provide a common agreement on the ZDM concept and its associated terminology taking place within an open CEN-CENELEC Workshop. The methodology has the support of ISO standards for terminology work such as ISO 704, ISO 860, and ISO 10241–1/2. This work shows that the terminology for ZDM has a significant overlap with the terminology of quality management, metrology, dependability, statistics, non-destructive inspection, and condition monitoring. The proposed new terms and definitions can be used to further extend ISO’s and IEC’s already available terminologies and support present and future researchers in the field to conduct their research using a common vocabulary. KW - zero-defect manufacturing (ZDM) KW - terminology KW - industrie 4.0 KW - quality management system KW - inspection Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fmtec.2022.947474 SN - 2813-0359 VL - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Okofo, Louis Boansi A1 - Martienssen, Marion T1 - A three-dimensional numerical groundwater flow model to assess the feasibility of managed aquifer recharge in the Tamne River basin of Ghana T2 - Hydrogeology Journal Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-022-02492-7 SN - 1431-2174 VL - 30 IS - 4 SP - 1071 EP - 1090 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vinzelberg, Anja A1 - Auer, Benjamin R. T1 - Unprofitability of food market investments T2 - Managerial and Decision Economics Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/mde.3570 SN - 1099-1468 VL - 43 IS - 7 SP - 2887 EP - 2910 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stadtmüller, Immo A1 - Auer, Benjamin R. A1 - Schuhmacher, Frank T1 - On the benefits of active stock selection strategies for diversified investors T2 - Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.qref.2022.04.006 SN - 1062-9769 VL - Vol. 85 SP - 342 EP - 354 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stadtmüller, Immo A1 - Auer, Benjamin R. A1 - Schuhmacher, Frank T1 - On the time-varying dynamics of stock and commodity momentum returns T2 - Finance Research Letters Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2021.102385 SN - 1544-6131 VL - Vol. 46, pt. B SP - 1 EP - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Auer, Benjamin R. T1 - On false discoveries of standard t-tests in investment management applications T2 - Review of Managerial Science Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11846-021-00453-0 SN - 1863-6691 VL - 16 IS - 3 SP - 751 EP - 768 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Auer, Benjamin R. A1 - Schuhmacher, Frank T1 - Are there multiple independent risk anomalies in the cross-section of stock returns? T2 - Journal of Risk Y1 - 2021 SN - 1755-2842 VL - 24 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vinzelberg, Anja A1 - Auer, Benjamin R. T1 - A comparison of minimum variance and maximum Sharpe ratio portfolios for mainstream investors T2 - Journal of Risk Finance Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1108/JRF-02-2021-0021 SN - 1526-5943 VL - 23 IS - 1 SP - 55 EP - 84 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kohrs, Hendrik A1 - Auer, Benjamin R. A1 - Schuhmacher, Frank T1 - Reducing complexity in multivariate electricity price forecasting T2 - International Journal of Energy Sector Management Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1108/IJESM-12-2020-0017 SN - 1750-6220 VL - 16 IS - 1 SP - 21 EP - 49 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hasanuzzaman, Gazi A1 - Eivazi, Hamidreza A1 - Merbold, Sebastian A1 - Egbers, Christoph A1 - Vinuesa, Ricardo T1 - Enhancement of PIV measurements via physics-informed neural networks T2 - Measurement Science and Technology Y1 - 2022 UR - https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1361-6501/aca9eb U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6501/aca9eb SN - 1361-6501 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, David T1 - Eine kurze Phänomenologie des Investitionscontrollings T2 - Controlling : Zeitschrift für erfolgsorientierte Unternehmenssteuerung Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.15358/0935-0381-2023-1-35 SN - 0935-0381 VL - 35 IS - 1 SP - 35 EP - 41 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Küpper, Christoph A1 - Rösch, Janina J. A1 - Winkler, Herwig T1 - Use of real time localization systems (RTLS) in the automotive production and the prospects of 5G – A literature review T2 - Journal for Production & Manufacturing N2 - Numerous challenges in automotive production lead to an increased need for transparency and optimization. Real-Time-Location-Systems (RTLS) is a key tool for achieving this goal. They enable intelligent and automated production processes. Existing solutions such as Ultra-Wideband, Bluetooth-Low-Energy, or Radio-Frequency-Identification have drawbacks in costs, range, or accuracy. 5G is a newly developing standard, recently including high-accuracy positioning. It is unclear, however, if 5G positioning has reached industrial maturity. This contribution aims to determine the state-of-the-art of 5G positioning by performing a systematic literature review and comparing its findings to industrial positioning requirements. 143 articles were analyzed and categorized as: the fundamentals of radio-frequency positioning, an overview of existing solutions, the state-of-the-art, and the maturity of 5G as an industrial positioning system. Results show that, theoretically, centimeter-level accuracies are pursued. However, practical tests are rarely conducted. Concluding, 5G positioning shows great potential, but industrial pilots are required to validate the theoretical characteristics. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/21693277.2022.2144522 SN - 2169-3277 VL - 10 IS - 1 SP - 840 EP - 874 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dunkelberg, Elisa A1 - Hirschl, Bernd A1 - Weiß, Julika T1 - Klimaneutral heizen statt Erdgas verbrennen – Wärmewende in der Krise? T2 - Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3790/vjh.91.3 SN - 1861-1559 SN - 0340-1707 VL - 91 IS - 3 SP - 99 EP - 108 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwarz, Astrid T1 - Composing and Combining: Opposing Constructive Principles? T2 - Technology & Language N2 - Abstract The distinction between the constructive principles of combining and composing is discussed in terms of works of art, nature, and technology. How is the work that emerges from these different principles ultimately constituted and perceived as a definable entity and how is this important for the philosophy of technology? In contrast to composition, combining is presented as a strategy to give more importance to the processual, to the various spatial and temporal couplings and decoupling of the components of a work, to their relationship to their surroundings and also to the relatedness of the observer to the work. Gardenworks can stand for principles of combination as well as principles of composition. They are nature-culture hybrid forms, examples are discussed referring to 17th and 18th-century pleasure gardens. The emphasis on the principle of combination in the case of the English landscape garden ultimately produced a model for a sociotechnical handling with nature-culture constellations based on a policy of democratic principles. This combinational play in the garden can also be seen as a suitable heuristic for dealing with the comprehensive transformation processes occurring in the Anthropocene and for practicing corresponding forms of action. KW - Gardenwork KW - Art work KW - Garden history KW - Homo hortensis KW - Rauschenberg KW - Pleasure gardens KW - Principles of composition KW - Anthropocene KW - Technoscience Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.48417/technolang.2022.04.11 SN - 2712-9934 VL - 3 IS - 4 SP - 160 EP - 174 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Neubauer, Moritz A1 - Genßler, Julia A1 - Radmann, Vincent A1 - Kohlenberg, Fleming A1 - Pohl, Michael A1 - Böhme, Kurt A1 - Knobloch, Karsten A1 - Sarradj, Ennes A1 - Höschler, Klaus A1 - Modler, Niels A1 - Enghardt, Lars T1 - Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Novel Acoustic Liners and Their Design for Aero-Engine Applications T2 - Aerospace N2 - This paper presents a combined experimental and numerical investigation on a novel liner concept for enhanced low-frequency and broadband acoustic attenuation. In particular, two different realizations, derived from conventional Helmholtz resonators (HR) and plate resonators (PR) are investigated, which both deploy flexible materials with material inherent damping. In this context, a comprehensive experimental investigation was carried out focusing the identification and evaluation of various geometric parameters and material properties on the acoustics dissipation and related properties of various materials in a simplified setup of a single Helmholtz resonator with flexible walls (FHR concept). Furthermore, a parameter study based on analytical models was performed for both liner concepts, taking into account material as well as geometric parameters and their effects on transmission loss. In addition, design concepts that enable cylindrical or otherwise curved liner structures and the corresponding manufacturing technologies are presented, while considering essential structural features such as drainage. With respect to the potential application in jet engines, a structural–mechanical analysis considering the relevant load cases to compare and discuss the mechanical performance of a classical HR and the FHR concept liner is presented. Finally, both concepts are evaluated and possible challenges and potentials for further implementation are described. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace10010005 SN - 2226-4310 VL - 10 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Neubauer, Moritz A1 - Pohl, Michael A1 - Kucher, Michael A1 - Böhm, Robert A1 - Höschler, Klaus A1 - Modler, Niels T1 - DMA of TPU Films and the Modelling of Their Viscoelastic Properties for Noise Reduction in Jet Engines T2 - Polymers N2 - Due to current developments in jet engine design, the acoustic performance of conventional acoustic liners needs to be improved with respect to lower frequency spectrums and broadband absorption. In this context, the present study aimed to determine the viscoelastic material properties of a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) film for targeted application in novel acoustic liners with integrated film material for enhanced noise reduction. Therefore, a dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) was performed to determine these viscoelastic material properties. Based on the acquired data, the time-temperature shift (TTS) was applied to obtain the material’s temperature- and frequency-dependent mechanical properties. In this regard, the William-Landel-Ferry (WLF) method and an alternative polynomial approach determining the shift factors were investigated and compared. Furthermore, a generalized Maxwell model—so-called Prony-series—with and without pre-smoothing utilizing of a fractional rheological model was applied to approximate the measured storage and loss modulus and to provide a material model that can be used in finite element analyses. Finally, the results were discussed concerning the application of the films in acoustic liners under the conditions of a standard flight cycle and the applied loads. The present investigations thus provide a method for characterizing polymer materials, approximating their mechanical behavior for vibration applications at different ambient temperatures and enabling the identification of their operational limits during the application in acoustic liners. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14235285 SN - 2073-4360 VL - 14 IS - 23 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Steuer, Oliver A1 - Schwarz, Daniel A1 - Oehme, Michael A1 - Schulze, J. A1 - Maczko, H. A1 - Kudrawiec, Robert A1 - Fischer, Inga Anita A1 - Heller, R. A1 - Hübner, R. A1 - Khan, M. M. A1 - Georgiev, Yordan M. A1 - Zhou, Shengqiang A1 - Helm, M. A1 - Prucnal, Slawomir T1 - Band-gap and strain engineering in GeSn alloys using post-growth pulsed laser melting T2 - Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-648X/aca3ea SN - 1361-648X VL - 35 IS - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Yangwen A1 - Wulff, Wulf A1 - Wernicke, Laurenz A1 - Engelmann, Michael A1 - Schauer, Thomas A1 - Bleicher, Achim T1 - Experimental identification and verification of a moveable facade element for energy harvesting and vibration control T2 - Journal of Building Engineering N2 - The distributed-Multiple Tuned Facade Damping (d-MTFD) system was proposed to effectively reduce wind-induced vibrations of high-rise buildings by using the parallel moveable outer skin of the Double-Skin Facade (DSF) as damping mass. A full-scale prototype with a moveable (kinetic) DSF element has been built for first experimental tests using Hardware-in-the-Loop (HiL) simulations. The parallel moveability of the DSF’s outer skin is achieved by mounting it on a smooth-running guide rail system. A stepper motor is applied as an adjustable electrical damper and simultaneously serves as an energy harvester. By using grey-box system identification, all the parameters of the prototype can be accurately estimated. For example, a low equivalent friction ratio of 0.0022 was estimated. The identified model achieved high fitness values (80% to 91%) compared to the measured data, providing the basis for the reliability of the experimental tests using HiL. The prototype is the hardware part of the HiL simulations, which is connected to the simulation part, namely, a 76-story, 306 m high benchmark building assumed to be installed with the d-MTFD system. The feasibility of using a stepper motor as an adjustable electrical damper for semi-active control has been successfully validated based on the HiL simulations. By using semi-active control, the relative displacement of the DSF’s outer skin can be significantly reduced by about 35% compared with using passive control. Energy harvesting performance has also been investigated. The average energy harvesting efficiency of the power electronics was experimentally determined as approximately 75%. With consideration of all the parasitic damping in the connection, the average energy harvesting efficiency was about 50%. For tests under across-wind excitation with a return period of 10 years, the self-sufficient operation of the semi-active d-MTFD system was proven to be achievable based on the prototype results. The average harvested power of the whole benchmark building (with 1000 moveable facade elements) can be predicted as 1.3 kW. Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352710222017181 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2022.105712 SN - 2352-7102 VL - 65 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schneidereit, Toni A1 - Breuß, Michael T1 - Computational characteristics of feedforward neural networks for solving a stiff differential equation T2 - Neural Computing and Applications N2 - Feedforward neural networks offer a possible approach for solving differential equations. However, the reliability and accuracy of the approximation still represent delicate issues that are not fully resolved in the current literature. Computational approaches are in general highly dependent on a variety of computational parameters as well as on the choice of optimisation methods, a point that has to be seen together with the structure of the cost function. The intention of this paper is to make a step towards resolving these open issues. To this end, we study here the solution of a simple but fundamental stiff ordinary differential equation modelling a damped system. We consider two computational approaches for solving differential equations by neural forms. These are the classic but still actual method of trial solutions defining the cost function, and a recent direct construction of the cost function related to the trial solution method. Let us note that the settings we study can easily be applied more generally, including solution of partial differential equations. By a very detailed computational study, we show that it is possible to identify preferable choices to be made for parameters and methods. We also illuminate some interesting effects that are observable in the neural network simulations. Overall we extend the current literature in the field by showing what can be done in order to obtain useful and accurate results by the neural network approach. By doing this we illustrate the importance of a careful choice of the computational setup. KW - Feedforward neural networks KW - Ordinary differential equations KW - Trial solution KW - Adam KW - Backpropagation Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-022-06901-6 VL - 34 IS - 10 SP - 7975 EP - 7989 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nizamov, Shavkat A1 - Dimchevska Sazdovska, Simona A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - A review of optical methods for ultrasensitive detection and characterization of nanoparticles in liquid media with a focus on the wide field surface plasmon microscopy T2 - Analytica Chimica Acta N2 - Development of nanotechnology and corresponding industries during the last decade resulted in a new challenge for analytical science. This includes an ultrasensitive detection and characterization of nanoparticles of different origin and other nanomaterials in various media, including so complex ones as food, biological or environmental samples. The goal of this review is a systematic analysis of possible approaches and description of physical principles behind these methods. The main attention is paid to optical methods which are considered by authors to be mostly effective for the formulated task. Different approaches for detection and analysis of nanoparticles in a volume as well as of those adsorbed on a surface are discussed. While the technologies based on direct analysis of nanoparticle suspensions belong to the established approaches whose development potential has been in large extent exhausted, the novel technologies based on the surface sensing of adsorbed nanoparticles demonstrate intensive development. Therefore, the final part of the review is focused on the wide-field surface plasmon resonance microscopy. It allows one an ultrasensitive detection and characterization of individual nanoparticles of different origin in complex media and provides numerous possibilities for subsequent chemical identification of the detected particles using a hyphenation with other analytical technologies. KW - Nanoparticles KW - Detection of nanoparticles KW - Characterization of nanoparticles KW - Optical techniques KW - Surface plasmon resonance microscopy KW - Nanoparticle tracking analysis Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2022.339633 SN - 1873-4324 VL - 1204 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Karačić, Dalibor A1 - Gutić, Sanjin J. A1 - Vasić, Borislav A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Skorodumova, Natalia V. A1 - Mentus, Slavko V. A1 - Pašti, Igor A. T1 - Electrochemical reduction of thin graphene-oxide films in aqueous solutions – Restoration of conductivity T2 - Electrochimica Acta N2 - Graphene oxide finds applications in different fields of science, including energy conversion. Electrochemical reduction of graphene oxide (GO) significantly improves its conductivity. However, the kinetics of this process depends on the solvent, supporting electrolyte, pH, and numerous other factors. Most studies report the macroscopic views and ex-situ properties of reduced GO. To expand the knowledge about GO reduction, in this study, we used cyclic voltammetry (CV), simultaneous 2 points and 4 points resistance measurement (s24), conductive atomic force microscopy (AFM), and theoretical calculations. Using CV, we demonstrated that the choice of supporting electrolyte (KCl or LiCl) influences the potential range in which electrochemical GO reduction occurs. The activation energy of this process was estimated to be below 30 kJ mol‒1 in both electrolytes, being significantly lower than that required for thermal reduction of GO. Simultaneous in situ s24 resistance measurements suggest that GO films reach a highly conductive state at deep negative potentials, with an abrupt, irreversible switch from non-conductive to the conductive state. However, conductive AFM presents a more exact picture of this process: the reduction of GO films starts locally while the formed conductive islands grow during the reduction. This mechanism was confirmed by theoretical calculations indicating that the reduction starts on isolated oxygen-functional groups over the GO basal plane, while clustered OH groups are more difficult to reduce. The presented results can help in tailoring reduced GO for a particular electrochemical application by precisely controlling the reduction degree and percentage of the conductive area of the reduced GO films. KW - Electrochemical reduction of graphene oxide KW - Supporting electrolyte effect KW - Simultaneous 2-point 4-point resistance measurements KW - Conductive atomic force microscopy KW - Theoretical calculations Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013468622002183 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2022.140046 SN - 1873-3859 SN - 0013-4686 VL - 410 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Akay, Ömer A1 - Bashkatov, Aleksandr A1 - Coy, Emerson A1 - Eckert, Kerstin A1 - Einarsrud, Kristian Etienne A1 - Friedrich, Andreas A1 - Kimmel, Benjamin A1 - Loos, Stefan A1 - Mutschke, Gerd A1 - Röntzsch, Lars A1 - Symes, Mark D. A1 - Yang, Xuegeng A1 - Brinkert, Katharina T1 - Electrolysis in reduced gravitational environments: current research perspectives and future applications T2 - npj Microgravity N2 - Electrochemical energy conversion technologies play a crucial role in space missions, for example, in the Environmental Control and Life Support System (ECLSS) on the International Space Station (ISS). They are also vitally important for future long-term space travel for oxygen, fuel and chemical production, where a re-supply of resources from Earth is not possible. Here, we provide an overview of currently existing electrolytic energy conversion technologies for space applications such as proton exchange membrane (PEM) and alkaline electrolyzer systems. We discuss the governing interfacial processes in these devices influenced by reduced gravitation and provide an outlook on future applications of electrolysis systems in, e.g., in-situ resource utilization (ISRU) technologies. A perspective of computational modelling to predict the impact of the reduced gravitational environment on governing electrochemical processes is also discussed and experimental suggestions to better understand efficiency-impacting processes such as gas bubble formation and detachment in reduced gravitational environments are outlined. KW - Elektrolyse KW - electrolysis Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.nature.com/articles/s41526-022-00239-y#citeas U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41526-022-00239-y SN - 2373-8065 VL - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Efremenko, Yulia A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - 3-Thienylboronic Acid as a Receptor for Diol-Containing Compounds: A Study by Isothermal Titration Calorimetry T2 - Chemosensors N2 - The electrochemical activity of 3-thienylboronic acid and its feature to form polymer films makes it a perspective receptor material for sensor applications. The affinity properties of this compound were studied here by isothermal titration calorimetry. A number of different analytes were tested, and the highest binding enthalpy was observed for sorbitol and fructose. An increase of pH in the range of 5.5–10.6 results in the rise of the binding enthalpy with an increase of the binding constant to ~8400 L/mol for sorbitol or ~3400 L/mol for fructose. The dependence of the binding constant on pH has an inflection point at pH 7.6 with a slope that is a ten-fold binding constant per one pH unit. The binding properties of 3-thienylboronic acid were evaluated to be very close to that of the phenylboronic acid, but the electrochemical activity of 3-thienylboronic acid provides a possibility of external electrical control: dependence of the affinity of 3-thienylboronic acid on its redox state defined by the presence of ferro/ferricyanide in different ratios was demonstrated. The results show that 3-thienylboronic acid can be applied in smart chemical sensors with electrochemically controllable receptor affinity. KW - chemical sensors KW - affinity KW - isothermal titration calorimetry KW - 3-thienylboronic acid KW - diol-containing compounds Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/10/7/251 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors10070251 SN - 2227-9040 VL - 10 IS - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bähr, Martin A1 - Breuß, Michael T1 - Efficient Long-Term Simulation of the Heat Equation with Application in Geothermal Energy Storage T2 - Mathematics N2 - Long-term evolutions of parabolic partial differential equations, such as the heat equation, are the subject of interest in many applications. There are several numerical solvers marking the state-of-the-art in diverse scientific fields that may be used with benefit for the numerical simulation of such long-term scenarios. We show how to adapt some of the currently most efficient numerical approaches for solving the fundamental problem of long-term linear heat evolution with internal and external boundary conditions as well as source terms. Such long-term simulations are required for the optimal dimensioning of geothermal energy storages and their profitability assessment, for which we provide a comprehensive analytical and numerical model. Implicit methods are usually considered the best choice for resolving long-term simulations of linear parabolic problems; however, in practice the efficiency of such schemes in terms of the combination of computational load and obtained accuracy may be a delicate issue, as it depends very much on the properties of the underlying model. For example, one of the challenges in long-term simulation may arise by the presence of time-dependent boundary conditions, as in our application. In order to provide both a computationally efficient and accurate enough simulation, we give a thorough discussion of the various numerical solvers along with many technical details and own adaptations. By our investigation, we focus on two largely competitive approaches for our application, namely the fast explicit diffusion method originating in image processing and an adaptation of the Krylov subspace model order reduction method. We validate our numerical findings via several experiments using synthetic and real-world data. We show that we can obtain fast and accurate long-term simulations of typical geothermal energy storage facilities. We conjecture that our techniques can be highly useful for tackling long-term heat evolution in many applications. KW - heat equation KW - internal boundary conditions KW - efficient long-term evolution KW - fast explicit diffusion KW - Krylov subspace model order reduction KW - geothermal energy storage Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/math10132309 SN - 2227-7390 VL - 10 IS - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Köhler, Alexander A1 - Breuß, Michael T1 - Computational Analysis of PDE-Based Shape Analysis Models by Exploring the Damped Wave Equation T2 - Algorithms N2 - The computation of correspondences between shapes is a principal task in shape analysis. In this work, we consider correspondences constructed by a numerical solution of partial differential equations (PDEs). The underlying model of interest is thereby the classic wave equation, since this may give the most accurate shape matching. As has been observed in previous works, numerical time discretisation has a substantial influence on matching quality. Therefore, it is of interest to understand the underlying mechanisms and to investigate at the same time if there is an analytical model that could best describe the most suitable method for shape matching. To this end, we study here the damped wave equation, which mainly serves as a tool to understand and model properties of time discretisation. At the hand of a detailed study of possible parameters, we illustrate that the method that gives the most reasonable feature descriptors benefits from a damping mechanism which can be introduced numerically or within the PDE. This sheds light on some basic mechanisms of underlying computational and analytic models, as one may conjecture by our investigation that an ideal model could be composed of a transport mechanism and a diffusive component that helps to counter grid effects. KW - shape analysis KW - partial differential equations KW - damped wave equation KW - time discretisation KW - numerical methods KW - Laplnumerical methods KW - ace–Beltrami operator Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/a15090304 SN - 1999-4893 VL - 15 IS - 9 SP - 304 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Breuß, Michael A1 - Sharifi Boroujerdi, Ali A1 - Mansouri Yarahmadi, Ashkan T1 - Modelling the Energy Consumption of Driving Styles Based on Clustering of GPS Information T2 - Modelling N2 - This paper presents a novel approach to distinguishing driving styles with respect to their energy efficiency. A distinct property of our method is that it relies exclusively on the global positioning system (GPS) logs of drivers. This setting is highly relevant in practice as these data can easily be acquired. Relying on positional data alone means that all features derived from them will be correlated, so we strive to find a single quantity that allows us to perform the driving style analysis. To this end we consider a robust variation of the so-called "jerk" of a movement. We give a detailed analysis that shows how the feature relates to a useful model of energy consumption when driving cars. We show that our feature of choice outperforms other more commonly used jerk-based formulations for automated processing. Furthermore, we discuss the handling of noisy, inconsistent, and incomplete data, as this is a notorious problem when dealing with real-world GPS logs. Our solving strategy relies on an agglomerative hierarchical clustering combined with an L-term heuristic to determine the relevant number of clusters. It can easily be implemented and delivers a quick performance, even on very large, real-world datasets. We analyse the clustering procedure, making use of established quality criteria. Experiments show that our approach is robust against noise and able to discern different driving styles KW - clustering KW - energy efficiency KW - driving style analysis KW - jerk-based feature KW - Gjerk-based feature KW - PS data Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/modelling3030025 SN - 2673-3951 VL - 3 IS - 3 SP - 385 EP - 399 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Diesch, S. T. A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Prantl, Lukas A1 - Jung, Ernst Michael T1 - Surface imaging of breast implants using modern high-frequency ultrasound technology in comparison to high-end sonography with power analyses for B-scan optimization T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-219204 SN - 1875-8622 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 80 IS - 4 SP - 487 EP - 495 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jung, Ernst Michael A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Stroszczynski, Christian A1 - Wiesinger, Isabel T1 - Dynamic endoluminal contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) for display of drainages in inflammatory abdominal fluid collections T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-211370 SN - 1875-8622 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 80 IS - 2 SP - 49 EP - 59 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tartivel, Lucile A1 - Blocki, Anna M. A1 - Braune, Steffen A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Behl, Marc A1 - Lendlein, Andreas T1 - An Inverse Shape-Memory Hydrogel Scaffold Switching Upon Cooling in a Tissue-Tolerated Temperature Range T2 - Advanced materials interfaces Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202101588 SN - 2196-7350 VL - 9 IS - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pérez, Eduardo A1 - Maldonado, David A1 - Perez-Bosch Quesada, Emilio A1 - Mahadevaiah, Mamathamba Kalishettyhalli A1 - Jimenez-Molinos, Francisco A1 - Wenger, Christian T1 - Parameter Extraction Methods for Assessing Device-to-Device and Cycle-to-Cycle Variability of Memristive Devices at Wafer Scale T2 - IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices N2 - The stochastic nature of the resistive switching (RS) process in memristive devices makes device-to-device (DTD) and cycle-to-cycle (CTC) variabilities relevant magnitudes to be quantified and modeled. To accomplish this aim, robust and reliable parameter extraction methods must be employed. In this work, four different extraction methods were used at the production level (over all the 108 devices integrated on 200-mm wafers manufactured in the IHP 130-nm CMOS technology) in order to obtain the corresponding collection of forming, reset, and set switching voltages. The statistical analysis of the experimental data (mean and standard deviation (SD) values) was plotted by using heat maps, which provide a good summary of the whole data at a glance and, in addition, an easy manner to detect inhomogeneities in the fabrication process. KW - RRAM KW - memristive device KW - cycle-to-cycle variability KW - device-to-device variability Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TED.2022.3224886 SN - 0018-9383 VL - 70 IS - 1 SP - 360 EP - 365 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Binder, Julia A1 - Sept, Ariane T1 - Debordered materiality. Digital biographies in rural-peripheral areas T2 - Historical Social Research Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.12759/hsr.47.2022.34 SN - 0172-6404 VL - 47 IS - 3 SP - 291 EP - 314 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hölting, Lisanne A1 - Busse, Maria A1 - Bülow, Stefanie A1 - Engler, Jan O. A1 - Hagemann, Nina A1 - Joormann, Ineke A1 - Kernecker, Maria Lee A1 - Larondelle, Neele A1 - Sturm, Astrid A1 - Turkelboom, Francis A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Cord, Anna F. T1 - Co-design: Working with farmers in Europe to halt the loss of biological diversity T2 - Ecological Solutions and Evidence Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/2688-8319.12169 SN - 2688-8319 VL - 3 IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nordmann, Alfred A1 - Schwarz, Astrid A1 - Tamborini, Marco T1 - Knowing and Controlling the World through Gardenworks and Biorobots: Discussion of Tamborini and Schwarz T2 - Technology and Language N2 - The papers by Marco Tamborini „Philosophy of Biorobotics: Translating and Composing Biohybrid Forms“ and Astrid Schwarz „Composing and Combining: Opposing Constructive Principles?“ outline different positions on mimesis and composition as the fundamental practices of homo faber. A critical commentary seeks to highlight their differences. Tamborini specifies homo faber as homo translator who moves between different media of presentation and expression. Reproduction in another medium entails a back and forth which defines the work of the translator: a novel is reproduced by a film, the movement of a salamander is reproduced by a machine, an architectural design is reproduced by a physical building. Schwarz promotes homo hortensis who practices gardening, widely understood, in different ways – by composing and imposing a plan, or by combining and incorporating the dynamics of physical and biological processes. She foregrounds a creative and constructive act which is profoundly mundane in that it assimilates the world into the works of technology and art. Engineers, designers, architects, and planners are gardeners of sorts in that they are world-makers, tending to works and worlds. This resonates, of course, with ideas of the anthropocene and the epochal role of humans in planetary affairs. – The authors then respond constructively to the critical commentary, seeking common ground among the three positions. KW - Composition KW - Combination KW - Translation KW - Gardening KW - Biomimesis Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.48417/technolang.2022.04.12 SN - 2712-9934 VL - 3 IS - 4 SP - 175 EP - 186 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grandas Tavera, Camila A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Holguin Trujillo, Laura T1 - Valorization of biogas digestate as organic fertilizer for closing the loop on the economic viability to develop biogas projects in Colombia T2 - Cleaner and Circular Bioeconomy N2 - This study aims to find the best digestate valorization pathway in the Colombian context in order to foster biogas (BG) projects' economic viability and their sustainability. The GICON's BG power plant is intended to treat 19,710 t/y of fruit and vegetable wastes (FVW) from local wholesale markets in Cali, Colombia. Experimental feedstock and digestate characterization carried by Universidad ICESI and CIAT, integration of mass, energy, and nutrient balances of residues with the methodological approach based on structural analysis and expert's survey allowed further assessment of the BG project's economic viability on the proposed digestate valorization framework. Results suggested a significant profit by selling treated digestate through the vacuum evaporation (VE) technology. VE concentrated 27% of nitrogen, 18% of phosphorus, and 33% potassium of the feedstock. Furthermore, it reduced the volume of water, facilitating product transportation and making the product commercially attractive. This alternative exhibited the highest revenue for the BG project, and its expenses were slightly higher than the ones calculated for raw and separated digestate. Also, a positive return of the investment and financially worthiness could be expected, making the project economically feasible. These results provide a useful tool to evaluate future events and serve as a reference to support the BG project's viability by integrating them with the BG project's financial model and adapt the required conditions for desirable technologies. Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772801322000318?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clcb.2022.100035 VL - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bestle, Dieter T1 - Eigenvalue Sensitivity Analysis based on the Transfer Matrix Method T2 - International journal of mechanical system dynamics : IJMSD Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/msd2.12016 SN - 2767-1402 VL - 1 IS - 1 SP - 96 EP - 107 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rui, Xue A1 - Bestle, Dieter T1 - Reduced Multibody System Transfer Matrix Method Using Decoupled Hinge Equations T2 - International journal of mechanical system dynamics : IJMSD Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/msd2.12026 SN - 2767-1402 VL - 1 IS - 2 SP - 182 EP - 193 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhou, Qinbo A1 - Fehr, Jörg A1 - Bestle, Dieter A1 - Rui, Xiaoting T1 - Simulation of Elastic Body Dynamics with Large Motion Using Transfer Matrix Method T2 - Multibody System Dynamics Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11044-022-09869-2 SN - 1573-272X SN - 1384-5640 VL - 59 (2023) IS - 3 SP - 269 EP - 292 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sadeghinia, Majid A1 - Kargar, Mansoureh A1 - Garcia de la Riva, Enrique T1 - Species richness captures plant functional and phylogenetic diversity variations along diferent ecosystems on the hillsides of Damavand Mountain (Iran) T2 - Arabian Journal of Geosciences N2 - The phylogenetic diversity (PD) can be used as a proxy for measures of functional diversity (FD); this relationship between PD and FD is premised on the reasonable assumption that evolutionary diversification has generated trait diversification, which in turn may result in greater niche complementarity. Functional traits have been used in various applications, from assemblage ecology looking at the relationship between functional diversity, environmental filtering, and assemblage structure. We used a trait-based approach, quantifying variations in the leaf-height-seed (LHS) scheme and functional and phylogenetic indices in semi-arid communities from three different habitats (grasslands, shrubland, and mixed habitats). To do so, three functional traits including specific leaf area (SLA), vegetation height (VH), and seed mass (SM) were measured in three habitats. We calculated at the plot scale, community weighted means (CWM) for each trait, species richness, Faith’s phylogenetic diversity index (PD), functional richness (Frich), functional and phylogenetic mean pairwise dissimilarities (MPD), and nutrient concentration. The results showed that the first Soil_PCA axis (explaining 37.1% of the total variance) showed a high loading of soil nutrients (N, P, K, OM) and pH, while the second axis (which explained 22.1% 224 of the variance) exhibited a high loading of pH at the top and K at the bottom. Also, the higher soil nutrient concentration and pH were significant and positively related with species and functional richness and Faith’s phylogenetic diversity. KW - Community weighted means KW - Functional richness KW - Grassland KW - LHS scheme KW - Mean pairwise dissimilarities KW - Plant traits KW - Shrubland KW - Soil nutrients Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-022-11141-y SN - 1866-7538 VL - 16 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Scheffschick, Andrea A1 - Babel, Jonas A1 - Sperling, Sebastian A1 - Nerusch, Julia A1 - Herzog, Natalie A1 - Seehofer, Daniel A1 - Damm, Georg T1 - Primary-like Human Hepatocytes Genetically Engineered to Obtain Proliferation Competence as a Capable Application for Energy Metabolism Experiments in In Vitro Oncologic Liver Models T2 - Biology N2 - Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), characterized by lipid accumulation in the liver, is the most common cause of liver diseases in Western countries. NAFLD is a major risk factor for developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, in vitro evaluation of hepatic cancerogenesis fails due to a lack of liver models displaying a proliferation of hepatocytes. Originally designed to overcome primary human hepatocyte (PHH) shortages, upcyte hepatocytes were engineered to obtain continuous proliferation and, therefore, could be a suitable tool for HCC research. We generated upcyte hepatocytes, termed HepaFH3 cells, and compared their metabolic characteristics to HepG2 hepatoma cells and PHHs isolated from resected livers. For displaying NAFLD-related HCCs, we induced steatosis in all liver models. Lipid accumulation, lipotoxicity and energy metabolism were characterized using biochemical assays and Western blot analysis. We showed that proliferating HepaFH3 cells resemble HepG2, both showing a higher glucose uptake rate, lactate levels and metabolic rate compared to PHHs. Confluent HepaFH3 cells displayed some similarities to PHHs, including higher levels of the transaminases AST and ALT compared to proliferating HepaFH3 cells. We recommend proliferating HepaFH3 cells as a pre-malignant cellular model for HCC research, while confluent HepaFH3 cells could serve as PHH surrogates for energy metabolism studies. KW - upcyte hepatocytes KW - primary human hepatocytes KW - HepG2 cells KW - HCC KW - energy metabolism Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11081195 SN - 2079-7737 VL - 11 IS - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick T1 - Asymptotic regularity for Lipschitzian nonlinear optimization problems with applications to complementarity-constrained and bilevel programming T2 - Optimization Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/02331934.2022.2031190 SN - 1029-4945 VL - 72 IS - 1 SP - 277 EP - 320 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Benkenstein, Martin A1 - Bruhn, Manfred A1 - Büttgen, Marion A1 - Hipp, Christiane A1 - Matzner, Martin A1 - Nerdinger, Friedemann T1 - Topics for Service Management Research - A European Perspective T2 - Journal of Service Management Research Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.15358/2511-8676-2017-1-4 SN - 2511-8676 VL - 1 IS - 1 SP - 4 EP - 21 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lau, S. A1 - Gossen, Maike A1 - Lendlein, Andreas A1 - Jung, Friedrich T1 - Differential sensitivity of assays for determining vein endothelial cell senescence T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-211294 SN - 1875-8622 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 81 IS - 3 SP - 191 EP - 203 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jung, Ernst Michael A1 - Moran, Valentina Ocañaa A1 - Engel, Martin A1 - Krüger-Genge, Anne A1 - Stroszczynski, Christian A1 - Jung, Friedrich T1 - Modified contrast-enhanced ultrasonography with the new high-resolution examination technique of high frame rate contrast-enhanced ultrasound (HiFR-CEUS) for characterization of liver lesions: First results T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-221449 SN - 1875-8622 SP - 1 EP - 16 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jung, Conrad H. G. A1 - Waldeck, Peter A1 - Sykora, Shadi A1 - Braune, Steffen A1 - Petrick, Ingolf A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner A1 - Jung, Friedrich T1 - Influence of Different Light-Emitting Diode Colors on Growth and Phycobiliprotein Generation of Arthrospira platensis T2 - Life Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/life12060895 SN - 2075-1729 VL - 12 IS - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jung, Ernst Michael A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Verloh, Niklas A1 - Haimerl, Michael A1 - Lürken, Lukas A1 - Jage, Simon A1 - Stroszczynski, Christian A1 - Scharf, Gregor T1 - High resolution flow with glazing flow for optimized flow detection in transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent shunt (TIPS): First results T2 - Clinical hemorheology and microcirculation Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-221427 SN - 1875-8622 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 82 IS - 3 SP - 231 EP - 238 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lemm, Sandy A1 - Köhler, Susanne A1 - Wodtke, Robert A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner A1 - Pietzsch, Jens A1 - Laube, Markus T1 - Investigation of radiotracer metabolic stability in vitro with CYP-overexpressing hepatoma cell lines T2 - Cells Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11152447 SN - 2073-4409 VL - 11 IS - 15 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Braune, Steffen A1 - Jung, Conrad H. G. A1 - Krüger-Genge, Anne A1 - Waldeck, Peter A1 - Petrick, Ingolf A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner T1 - Lipophilic and Hydrophilic Compounds from Arthrospira platensis and Its Effects on Tissue and Blood Cells—An Overview T2 - Life Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/life12101497 SN - 2075-1729 VL - 12 IS - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Connes, Philippe A1 - Lehmann, Christian T1 - A.L. Copley Best Paper Prize 2021 T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-229901 SN - 1875-8622 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 82 IS - 3 SP - 199 EP - 200 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Braune, Steffen A1 - Krüger-Genge, Anne A1 - Köhler, S. A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner A1 - Jung, Friedrich T1 - Effects of Arthrospira platensis-derived substances on blood cells T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-229103 SN - 1875-8622 VL - 85(2023) IS - 3 SP - 315 EP - 321 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ewert, Moritz A1 - Buß, Lars A1 - Lauritsen, Jeppe V. A1 - Falta, Jens A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo T1 - Growth Mechanism of Single-Domain Monolayer MoS2 Nanosheets on Au(111) Revealed by In Situ Microscopy: Implications for Optoelectronics Applications T2 - ACS Applied Nano Materials N2 - The nucleation and growth of single-layer molybdenum disulfide single-domain nanosheets is investigated by in situ low-energy electron microscopy. We study the growth of micrometer-sized flakes and the correlated flattening process of the gold surface for three different elevated temperatures. Furthermore, the influence of surface step edges on the molybdenum disulfide growth process is revealed. We show that both nanosheet and underlying terrace grow simultaneously by pushing the surface step in the expansion process. Our findings point to an optimized growth procedure allowing for step-free, single-domain, single-layer islands of several micrometers in size, which is likely transferable to other transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), offering a very fine degree of control over the TMD nanosheet structure and thickness. KW - in situ methods KW - low-energy electron microscopy and diffraction KW - molybdenum disulfide KW - 2D material KW - epitaxial growth mechanism KW - Au(111) Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.2c03584 SN - 2574-0970 VL - 5 IS - 12 SP - 17702 EP - 17710 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Lamby, Philipp A1 - Prantl, Lukas A1 - Wiggermann, P. A1 - Jung, Ernst Michael A1 - Krüger-Genge, Anne A1 - Franke, Ralf-Peter T1 - Post-mortem distribution of Iodinated Contrast Media (ICM) (iodixanol versus iopromide) in the porcine kidney after multiple bolus injections in vivo into the supra-renal aorta T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-229102 SN - 1875-8622 VL - 85(2023) IS - 3 SP - 289 EP - 295 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Böhler, Stefan A1 - Rosencrantz, Sophia A1 - Wolf, Karina A1 - Heinemann, Robert A1 - Schmidt, Peer A1 - Ganster, Johannes A1 - Büsse, Thomas A1 - Balko, Jens A1 - Rosencrantz, Ruben R. T1 - Active protease formulation in commodity polymers withstands melt processing into compounds and blown films T2 - Materials Today Communications N2 - Integrating enzymes into thermoplastic polymers is challenging due to their lack of robustness with respect to temperature and shear fields during conventional melt processing. In the present study, blown films from low-density polyethylene (LDPE) were prepared containing a technical protease from Bacillus sp. First, LDPE/protease compounds were produced followed by blown film extrusion, both processes at melt mass temperatures of 130 °C or higher. Enzyme activity was proven, both for the LDPE/protease compound and the blown film. The highest enzyme activity in the compound was determined for processing at 132 °C and a screw speed of 75 rpm. The influence of melt temperature and shear fields was studied in detail. Enzyme activities were determined for melt temperatures up to 160 °C and for screw speeds ranging from 75 to 300 rpm during compounding by twin-screw extrusion. The process was also applied for biobased and biodegradable polyesters, where similar protease activity after compounding was verified. Electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry served to analyze components and morphology of the enzyme formulation used here. It is proposed that the porous morphology of the protease particles is beneficial for the enzyme to remain active after processing. Additionally, the polymer matrix surrounding the particles protects the protease at elevated temperatures, which can be attributed to thermal insulation. Thus, the right combination of a suited technical enzyme formulation with appropriate mild melt compounding conditions allows enzymes to be incorporated into thermoplastics and retain their activity. This opens the way to use the abundant biological functions of enzymes in thermoplastic applications. KW - Thermal analysis KW - X-ray diffraction KW - Crystal structure Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352492822018591 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtcomm.2022.105018 SN - 2352-4928 VL - 34 SP - 1 EP - 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gardill, Markus A1 - Piasecki, Marie A1 - Jackson, Charlie T1 - SHaRC 2023 T2 - IEEE Microwave Magazine Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/MMM.2022.3203920 SN - 1557-9581 SN - 1527-3342 VL - 23 IS - 12 SP - 31 EP - 34 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gardill, Markus T1 - Radio & Wireless Week 2023: The Cornerstone of Wireless Connectivity T2 - IEEE Microwave Magazine Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/MMM.2022.3203952 SN - 1557-9581 SN - 1527-3342 VL - 23 IS - 12 SP - 24 EP - 25 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gardill, Markus A1 - Maune, Holger T1 - Moving Toward an MTT-S Payload in Space: Progress and Status of the MTT-Sat Challenge T2 - IEEE Microwave Magazine Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/MMM.2022.3188125 SN - 1557-9581 SN - 1527-3342 VL - 23 IS - 10 SP - 59 EP - 67 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Abdelfatah, Sara A1 - Nass, Janine A1 - Knorz, Caroline A1 - Klauck, Sabine M. A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner A1 - Efferth, Thomas T1 - Pyrrolizidine alkaloids cause cell cycle and DNA damage repair defects as analyzed by transcriptomics in cytochrome P450 3A4-overexpressing HepG2 clone 9 cells T2 - Cell biology and toxicology Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10565-021-09599-9 SN - 1573-6822 SN - 0742-2091 VL - 38 IS - 2 SP - 325 EP - 345 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mappas, Vassileios A1 - Vassiliadis, Vassilios S. A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Maintenance scheduling optimisation of Reverse Osmosis Networks (RONs) via a multistage Optimal Control reformulation T2 - Desalination N2 - State-of-the-art approaches for membrane cleaning scheduling have focused on the Mixed-Integer Nonlinear Programming (MINLP) formulation so far, a strategy leading to a combinatorial problem that does not capture accurately the dynamic behaviour of the system. In this work, the Reverse Osmosis (RO) cleaning scheduling problem is solved using a novel approach based on the Multistage Integer Nonlinear Optimal Control Problem (MSINOCP) formulation. The approach produces an automated solution for the membrane cleaning scheduling, which also obviates the need for any form of combinatorial optimisation. Two different simulations, for 26 and 52 periods of operation (each period with a duration of one week), are carried out to illustrate the application of the proposed framework and the total cost is 1.17 and 2.48 10⁷ €, respectively. The RO network configuration considers 2 stages, each with 3 individual RO modules. The results show evidently that the new proposed solution framework can solve successfully this type of problems, even for large scale configurations, long time horizons and arbitrary realistic complexity of the underlying dynamic model of the RO process considered. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0011916422005604?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2022.116105 SN - 1873-4464 SN - 0011-9164 VL - 543 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Campos, Jean C. A1 - Manrique, Jose A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Ipanaqué, William A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - A smart decision framework for the prediction of thrips incidence in organic banana crops T2 - Ecological Modelling N2 - Various pests which diminish the quality of the fruit have a big influence on the organic banana production in the Piura region of Peru (and not only) and prevent it from being sold on the international market. In this study, a framework for facilitating the prediction of the pest incidence in organic banana crops is developed. To achieve this, a data acquisition system with smart sensors is implemented to monitor the meteorological variables that influence the growth of the pests. The proposed framework is utilised for the assessment of various mathematical representations of the pest incidence. These models are adapted from population growth functions and built in such way as to predict the behaviour of the insects at non-regular time intervals. A hybrid approach, combining mechanistic and data-based methods is utilised for the development of the models. Both linear and nonlinear dynamic relationships with the temperature are assumed. The results show that nonlinear model representations have greater accuracy (a fit index of more than 70%), which provides a basis for improving pest management actions on the organic banana farms. KW - Pest control KW - Organic banana KW - Mathematical modelling KW - Smart sensors KW - Precision agriculture Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304380022002484?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2022.110147 SN - 1872-7026 VL - 473 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Zhang, Sushen A1 - Ruan, Hang A1 - Heshmat, Mohamed A1 - Chen, Ruijuan A1 - Vassiliadis, Vassilios S. A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Big data and machine learning: A roadmap towards smart plants T2 - Frontiers of Engineering Management N2 - Industry 4.0 aims to transform chemical and biochemical processes into intelligent systems via the integration of digital components with the actual physical units involved. This process can be thought of as the addition of a central nervous system with a sensing and control monitoring of components and regulating the performance of the individual physical assets (processes, units, etc.) involved. Established technologies central to the digital integrating components are smart sensing, mobile communication, Internet of Things, modelling and simulation, advanced data processing, storage and analysis, advanced process control, artificial intelligence and machine learning, cloud computing, and virtual and augmented reality. An essential element to this transformation is the exploitation of large amounts of historical process data and large volumes of data generated in real-time by smart sensors widely used in industry. Exploitation of the information contained in these data requires the use of advanced machine learning and artificial intelligence technologies integrated with more traditional modelling techniques. The purpose of this paper is twofold: a) to present the state-of-the-art of the aforementioned technologies, and b) to present a strategic plan for their integration toward the goal of an autonomous smart plant capable of self-adaption and self-regulation for short- and long-term production management. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s42524-022-0218-0 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s42524-022-0218-0 VL - 9 SP - 623 EP - 639 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Heshmat, Mohamed A1 - Mohamed, Abdelrahim A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Monitoring of smart chemical processes: A Sixth Sense approach T2 - Computer Aided Chemical Engineering N2 - This paper introduces the development of an intelligent monitoring and control framework for chemical processes, integrating the advantages of technologies such as Industry 4.0, cooperative control or fault detection via wireless sensor networks. The system described is able to detect faults using information on the process’ structure and behaviour, information on the equipment and expert knowledge. Its integration with the monitoring system facilitates the detection and optimisation of controller actions. The results indicate that the proposed approach achieves high fault detection accuracy based on plant measurements, while the cooperative controller improves the operation of the process. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780323851596502268?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-85159-6.50226-8 SN - 1570-7946 VL - 49 SP - 1357 EP - 1362 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yentumi, Richard A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Mathematical modelling, simulation and optimisation of an indirect water bath heater at the Takoradi distribution station (TDS) T2 - Computer Aided Chemical Engineering N2 - In this contribution, a dynamic first principles model of an existing 3.01 MW natural gas fired water bath heater (WBH) in operation at the Takoradi Distribution Station (TDS) in Ghana is developed primarily to predict the outlet temperature of the natural gas stream being heated. The model is intended to be applied during operations to provide useful data to optimise material and energy consumption, as well as minimise CO2 emissions. Due to the low thermal efficiencies of WBHs, even small improvements in efficiency can result in significant savings. The firetube and process coils are both modelled as onedimensional (1D) thin-walled tubes and the entire model incorporates mass and energy conservation equations, heat transfer rate relations and rigorous thermodynamic p-V-T relations. In contrast to what commonly exists in literature, this model accurately estimates the enthalpy change of the natural gas stream being heated by accounting for its enthalpy departure correction term due to pressure, in addition to the ideal gas heat capacity relation which is a function of only temperature. The coupled ordinary differential and algebraic equations are implemented using gPROMS® ModelBuilder® V4.2.0, a commercial modelling and simulation software. Verification of the model results showed good agreement between the model predictions and actual on field measurements. With excess air at 15%, the simulation results closely approximate measured data with an absolute error of about 0.31 %. More importantly, the results show that significant savings of up to 30% per annum can be made through optimal operation of the water bath heater. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780323851596501639?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-85159-6.50163-9 SN - 1570-7946 VL - 49 SP - 979 EP - 984 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Vassiliadis, Vassilios S. A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Maintenance scheduling optimization for decaying performance nonlinear dynamic processes T2 - Computer Aided Chemical Engineering N2 - A first contribution of this paper is an overview of the research efforts and contributions over several decades in the area of scheduling maintenance optimization for decaying performance dynamic processes. Following breakthrough ideas and implementation in the area of heat exchanger networks for optimal scheduling of cleaning actions subject to exchanger surface fouling, these concepts were transferred successfully to the area of scheduling catalyst replacement actions in catalytic reactor networks. This necessary overview leads to the main, second contribution aimed with this work: its application to restorative maintenance scheduling in the area of RON regeneration actions planning, as well as point to new areas where this approach can be fruitfully applied to and extended into in the near future – particularly enhancing model descriptions that include general types of planning uncertainty. The effectiveness and efficacy of the approach is demonstrated computationally in this work. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780323851596500841?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-85159-6.50084-1 SN - 1570-7946 VL - 49 SP - 505 EP - 510 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sebastia-Saez, Daniel A1 - Hernandez, Leonor A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey A1 - Enrique Julia, Jose T1 - Numerical and experimental characterization of the hydrodynamics and drying kinetics of a barbotine slurry spray T2 - Chemical Engineering Science N2 - Spray drying is a basic unit operation in several process industries such as food, pharmaceutical, ceramic, and others. In this work, a Eulerian-Lagrangian three-phase simulation is presented to study the drying process of barbotine slurry droplets for the production of ceramic tiles. To this end, the simulated velocity field produced by a spray nozzle located at the Institute of Ceramic Technology in Castelló (Spain) is benchmarked against measurements obtained by means of laser Doppler anemometry in order to validate the numerical model. Also, the droplet size distribution generated by the nozzle is obtained at operating conditions by means of laser diffraction and the data obtained are compared qualitatively to those found in the literature. The characteristic Rosin-Rammler droplet size from the distribution is introduced thereafter in the three-phase simulation to analyse the drying kinetics of individual droplets. The model predicts the theoretical linear evolution of the square diameter (D²-law), and the temperature and mass exchange with the environment. The proposed model is intended to support the design and optimization of industrial spray dryers. Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0009250918308170?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2018.11.040 SN - 1873-4405 SN - 0009-2509 VL - 195 SP - 83 EP - 94 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Foster, Niall A1 - Sebastia-Saez, Daniel A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Fractal branch-like fractal shell-and-tube heat exchangers: A CFD study of the shell side performance T2 - IFAC-PapersOnLine N2 - Nature has provided some of the most ingenious and elegant solutions to complex problems over millions of years of refining through evolution. The adaptation of Nature´s solutions to engineering problems is a recent trend which has opened opportunities for improvement in many areas ranging from Architecture to Chemical Engineering. In particular, the use of fractal geometries on heat exchangers is a recent design trend. Recent investigations highlight the benefit of implementing fractal-based geometries on the tube side of shell and tube heat exchangers. A complete evaluation of such devices by assessing the performance of the shell side has not been undertaken, though. Here, we present a systematic numerical assessment of the shell side of a tree-like shaped heat exchanger. Key performance parameters, i.e. temperature change, pressure drop and coefficient of performance, are obtained and compared to those of a straight tube, in order to fully understand the potential of the application of fractal-based shapes to the design of heat exchangers. Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405896319301296?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2019.06.044 SN - 2405-8963 VL - 52 IS - 1 SP - 100 EP - 105 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Masham, Elliot A1 - Mechleri, Evgenia A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Centralised versus localised supply chain management using a flow configuration model T2 - Computer Aided Chemical Engineering N2 - Traditional food supply chains are often centralised and global in nature. Moreover they require a large amount of resource which is an issue in a time with increasing need for more sustainable food supply chains. A solution is to use localised food supply chains, an option theorised to be more sustainable, yet not proven. Therefore, this paper compares the two systems to investigate which one is more environmentally friendly, cost efficient and resilient to disruption risks. This comparison between the two types of supply chains, is performed using MILP models for an ice cream supply chain for the whole of England over the period of a year. The results obtained from the models show that the localised model performs best environmentally and economically, whilst the traditional, centralised supply chain performs best for resilience. Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780128186343502319?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-818634-3.50231-9 SN - 1570-7946 VL - 46 SP - 1381 EP - 1386 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yentumi, Richard A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Modelling and optimal operation of a natural gas fired natural draft heater T2 - Computer Aided Chemical Engineering N2 - Current industrial trends promote reduction of material and energy consumption of fossil fuel burning, and energy-intensive process equipment. It is estimated that approximately 75% of the energy consumption in hydrocarbon processing facilities is used by such equipment as fired heater, hence even small improvements in the energy conservation may lead to significant savings [1, 2]. In this work, a mathematical modelling and optimisation study is undertaken using gPROMS® ProcessBuilder® to determine the optimal operating conditions of an existing API 560 Type-E vertical-cylindrical type natural draft fired heater, in operation at the Atuabo Gas Processing Plant (GPP), in the Western Region of Ghana. It is demonstrated that the optimisation results in significant reduction of fuel gas consumption and operational costs. Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B978012818634350165X?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-818634-3.50165-X SN - 1570-7946 VL - 46 SP - 985 EP - 990 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Al-Hmoud, Aya A1 - Sebastia-Saez, Daniel A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Comparative CFD analysis of thermal energy storage materials in photovoltaic/thermal panels T2 - Computer Aided Chemical Engineering N2 - Photovoltaic/thermal systems are a novel renewable energy approach to transform incident radiation into electricity and simultaneously store the excess thermal energy produced. Both sensible and latent heat storage materials have been investigated in the past for thermal storage; with desert sand having been recently considered as an efficient and inexpensive alternative. In this work, we use a transient Computational Fluid Dynamics simulation to compare the performance of desert sand to that of well-established phase-change materials used in photovoltaic/thermal systems. The simulation gives as a result the temperature profiles within the device as well as the time evolution of the charge/discharge cycles when using PCMs. The results show the suitability of desert sand as a thermal storage material to be used in photovoltaic/thermal systems. Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780128186343501338?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-818634-3.50133-8 SN - 1570-7946 VL - 46 SP - 793 EP - 798 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mechleri, Evgenia A1 - Sidnell, Tim A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Optimisation and control of a distributed energy resource network using Internet-of-Things technologies T2 - Computer Aided Chemical Engineering N2 - This work investigates the use of variable pricing to control electricity imported and exported to and from both fixed and unfixed distributed energy resource network designs within the UK residential sector. It was proven that networks which utilise much of their own energy and import little from the national grid are barely affected by variable import pricing, but are encouraged to export more energy to the grid by dynamic export pricing. Dynamic import and export pricing increased CO2 emissions due to feed-in tariffs which encourages CHP generation over lower-carbon technologies such as solar panels or wind turbines. Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B978012818634350014X?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-818634-3.50014-X SN - 1570-7946 VL - 46 SP - 79 EP - 84 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Mechleri, Evgenia T1 - Devicification of Food Process Engineering T2 - Reference Module in Chemistry, Molecular Sciences and Chemical Engineering N2 - Food and beverages industry is facing major challenges in the years to come, as the world population is expected to grow, accompanied by a growing need for energy, feed and fuel. Much of the processing in the food industry is performed in small-scale decentralized plants, with relatively few possibilities of energy recovery. Innovation in areas such as process and product modeling, process intensification and process control enable the development of new manufacturing pathways, more efficient, versatile, selective and sustainable. Furthermore, the addition of Internet of Things elements and the way they connect to the physical process will ensure continuous communication between the various actors of the food value chain. This will enable the design of new compact, scalable, flexible, modular, and automated production equipment that will offer food manufacturers the ability to respond rapidly, economically, accurately and flexibly to the consumer demands. Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780124095472144269?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-409547-2.14426-9 VL - 2019 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey A1 - Ife, Maximilian R. A1 - Sanduk, Mohammed A1 - Sebastia-Saez, Daniel T1 - Hydrogen production via load-matched coupled solar-proton exchange membrane electrolysis using aqueous methanol T2 - Chemical engineering & technology N2 - This study investigates hydrogen production via a directly coupled solar‐PEM electrolysis system using aqueous methanol instead of water. The effect of load matching and methanol concentration on hydrogen production rates, electrolysis efficiency, and solar‐hydrogen efficiency was investigated. The electrolysis efficiencies were subsequently used in simulation studies to estimate production costs in scaled up systems. The results show that the added hydrogen production associated with the methanol solutions leads to favourable hydrogen production costs at smaller scales. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ceat.201900285 SN - 1521-4125 SN - 0930-7516 VL - 42 IS - 11 SP - 2340 EP - 2347 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sebastia-Saez, Daniel A1 - Ramirez Reina, Tomas A1 - Silva, Ravi A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Synthesis and characterisation of n‐octacosane@silica nanocapsules for thermal storage applications T2 - International Journal of Energy Research N2 - This work reports the synthesis and characterisation of a core‐shell n‐octacosane@silica nanoencapsulated phase‐change material obtained via interfacial hydrolysis and polycondensation of tetraethyl orthosilicate in miniemulsion. Silica has been used as the encapsulating material because of its thermal advantages relative to synthesised polymers. The material presents excellent heat storage potential, with a measured melting latent heat varying between 57.1 and 89.0 kJ kg−1 (melting point between 58.2°C and 59.9°C) and a small particle size (between 565 and 227 nm). Degradation of the n‐octacosane core starts between 150°C and 180°C. Also, the use of silica as shell material gives way to a heat conductivity of 0.796 W m−1 K−1 (greater than that of nanoencapsulated materials with polymeric shell). Charge/discharge cycles have been successfully simulated at low pressure to prove the suitability of the nanopowder as phase‐change material. Further research will be carried out in the future regarding the use of the synthesised material in thermal applications involving nanofluids. Y1 - 2019 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/er.5039 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/er.5039 SN - 1099-114X SN - 0363-907X VL - 44 IS - 3 SP - 2306 EP - 2315 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gehring, Nicole A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Manrique-Silupú, José A1 - Ipanaqué, William A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Circular Economy in Banana Cultivation T2 - Computer Aided Chemical Engineering N2 - This paper examines the most important approaches that could be applied for the introduction of circular economy strategies for the banana production process in the region of Piura (Peru). Based on this, a framework for an optimized economic cycle that is able to conserve resources and minimize the capital investments of farmers, while simultaneously increasing their production, can be created. Challenges and potential solutions are discussed for the production stages. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780128233771502627?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-823377-1.50262-7 SN - 1570-7946 VL - 48 SP - 1567 EP - 1572 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hamdan, Mustapha A1 - Sebastia-Saez, Daniel A1 - Hamdan, Malak A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - CFD Analysis of the Use of Desert Sand as Thermal Energy Storage Medium in a Solar Powered Fluidised Bed Harvesting Unit T2 - Computer Aided Chemical Engineering N2 - This work presents an Euler-Euler hydrodynamic and heat transfer numerical analysis of the multiphase flow involving desert sand and a continuous gas phase in a compact-size fluidised bed. The latter is part of a novel conceptual solar power design intended for domestic use. Desert sand is a highly available and unused resource with suitable thermal properties to be employed as thermal energy storage medium. It also allows for high working temperatures owing to its high resistance to agglomeration. Computational Fluid Dynamics simulations are used here to assess the heat transfer between desert sand and several proposed working fluids (including air, argon, nitrogen and carbon dioxide) to justify the design in terms of equipment dimensions and suitability of the materials used. The results show that the device can provide up to 1,031 kW when using carbon dioxide as the heat transfer fluid. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780128233771500598?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-823377-1.50059-8 SN - 1570-7946 VL - 48 SP - 349 EP - 354 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Menzhausen, Robert A1 - Merino, Manuel A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - A Fuzzy Control Approach for an Industrial Refrigeration System T2 - Computer Aided Chemical Engineering N2 - This contribution presents the development of a model for the refrigeration plant used for mangos, which is able to simulate both the chamber and the fruit temperatures. The model is developed from energy balances for each section of the refrigeration system and the fruits, and is the basis for the setup of a fuzzy controller, capable of regulating continuously the compressor’s frequency to achieve the desired temperature. The model is able to accurately predict the chamber temperature profiles, but is more sensitive when simulating the fruit temperature. The fuzzy controller is able to achieve the set-point more accurately and in a shorter time than the on/off control, achieving a decrease in energy consumption as well. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B978012823377150210X?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-823377-1.50210-X SN - 1570-7946 VL - 48 SP - 1255 EP - 1260 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey A1 - Barz, Tilman A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Vassiliadis, Vassilios S. T1 - Real-time feasibility of nonlinear model predictive control for semi-batch reactors subject to uncertainty and disturbances T2 - Computers & Chemical Engineering N2 - This paper presents two nonlinear model predictive control based methods for solving closed-loop stochastic dynamic optimisation problems, ensuring both robustness and feasibility with respect to state output constraints. The first one is a new deterministic approach, using the wait-and-see strategy. The key idea is to specifically anticipate violation of output hard-constraints, which are strongly affected by instantaneous disturbances, by backing off of their bounds along the moving horizon. The second method is a stochastic approach to solve nonlinear chance-constrained dynamic optimisation problems under uncertainties. The key aspect is the explicit consideration of the stochastic properties of both exogenous and endogenous uncertainties in the problem formulation (here-and-now strategy). The approach considers a nonlinear relation between uncertain inputs and the constrained state outputs. The performance of the proposed methodologies is assessed via an application to a semi-batch reactor under safety constraints, involving strongly exothermic reactions. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0098135419303333?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compchemeng.2019.106529 SN - 1873-4375 SN - 0098-1354 VL - 133 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Risse-Buhl, Ute A1 - Oprei, Anna A1 - Mutz, Michael T1 - Streambed migration frequency drives ecology and biogeochemistry across spatial scales T2 - WIREs Water KW - benthic and hyporheic communities KW - environmental filtering Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/wat2.1632 SN - 2049-1948 VL - 10 IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hussain, Ghulam A1 - Alkahtani, Mohammed A1 - Alsultan, Marwan A1 - Buhl, Johannes A1 - Gupta, Munish Kumar T1 - Chip formation, cutting temperature and forces measurements in hard turning of Gcr15 under the influence of PcBN chamfering parameters T2 - Measurement KW - Chamfering width KW - Chamfering angle KW - DEFORM KW - Hard turning Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2022.112130 SN - 1873-412X SN - 0263-2241 VL - Vol. 204 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hirtler, Markus A1 - Ünsal, Ismail A1 - Buhl, Johannes A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Investigation of quench hardening behavior of directed energy deposited 22MnB5 steel for local reinforcement of hot stamping parts T2 - CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology KW - 22MnB5 KW - Directed Energy Deposition KW - Hardenability KW - Critical cooling rate KW - Dilatometry KW - Boron nitride KW - Mill scale Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirpj.2022.08.003 SN - 1878-0016 SN - 1755-5817 VL - Vol. 39 SP - 223 EP - 231 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stephenson, Ted A1 - Carvalho Ellero, Caio A1 - Sebastia-Saez, Daniel A1 - Klymenko, Oleksiy A1 - Battley, Angela Maria A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Numerical modelling of the interaction between eccrine sweat and textile fabric for the development of smart clothing T2 - International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology N2 - Purpose Live non-invasive monitoring of biomarkers is of great importance for the medical community. Moreover, some studies suggest that there is a substantial business gap in the development of mass-production commercial sweat-analysing wearables with great revenue potential. The objective of this work is to quantify the concentration of biomarkers that reaches the area of the garment where a sensor is positioned to advance the development of commercial sweat-analysing garments. Design/methodology/approach Computational analysis of the microfluidic transport of biomarkers within eccrine sweat glands provides a powerful way to explore the potential for quantitative measurements of biomarkers that can be related to the health and/or the physical activity parameters of an individual. The numerical modelling of sweat glands and the interaction of sweat with a textile layer remain however rather unexplored. This work presents a simulation of the production of sweat in the eccrine gland, reabsorption from the dermal duct into the surrounding skin and diffusion within an overlying garment. Findings The model represents satisfactorily the relationship between the biomarker concentration and the flow rate of sweat. The biomarker distribution across an overlying garment has also been calculated and subsequently compared to the minimum amount detectable by a sensor previously reported in the literature. The model can thus be utilized to check whether or not a given sensor can detect the minimum biomarker concentration threshold accumulated on a particular type of garment. Originality/value The present work presents to the best of our knowledge, the earliest numerical models of the sweat gland carried out so far. The model describes the flow of human sweat along the sweat duct and on to an overlying piece of garment. The model considers complex phenomena, such as reabsorption of sweat into the skin layers surrounding the duct, and the structure of the fibres composing the garment. Biomarker concentration maps are obtained to check whether sensors can detect the threshold concentration that triggers an electric signal. This model finds application in the development of smart textiles. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJCST-07-2019-0100/full/html U6 - https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCST-07-2019-0100 SN - 0955-6222 VL - 32 IS - 5 SP - 761 EP - 774 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gardill, Markus T1 - TC-27 Connected and Autonomous Systems Committee—Connected and Autonomous Systems: Jointly Moving Toward the Future—2022 T2 - IEEE Microwave Magazine Y1 - 2022 UR - https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=9910224 SN - 1557-9581 SN - 1527-3342 VL - 23 IS - 11 SP - 130 EP - 131 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Baena-Moreno, Francisco Manuel A1 - Cid-Castillo, N. A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey A1 - Ramirez Reina, Tomas T1 - Towards emission free steel manufacturing – Exploring the advantages of a CO2 methanation unit to minimize CO2 emissions T2 - Science of The Total Environment N2 - This paper demonstrates the benefits of incorporating CO2 utilisation through methanation in the steel industry. This approach allows to produce synthetic methane, which can be recycled back into the steel manufacturing process as fuel and hence saving the consumption of natural gas. To this end, we propose a combined steel-making and CO2 utilisation prototype whose key units (shaft furnace, reformer and methanation unit) have been modelled in Aspen Plus V8.8. Particularly, the results showed an optimal performance of the shaft furnace at 800°C and 6 bar, as well as 1050°C and atmospheric pressure for the reformer unit. Optimal results for the methanation reactor were observed at 350°C. Under these optimal conditions, 97.8% of the total CO2 emissions could be mitigated from a simplified steel manufacturing scenario and 89.4% of the natural gas used in the process could be saved. A light economic approach is also presented, revealing that the process could be profitable with future technologic developments, natural gas prices and forthcoming increases of CO2 emissions taxes. Indeed, the cash-flow can be profitable (325 k€) under the future costs: methanation operational cost at 0.105 €/Nm³; electrolysis operational cost at 0.04 €kWh, natural gas price at 32 €/MWh; and CO2 penalty at 55€/MWh. Hence this strategy is not only environmentally advantageous but also economically appealing and could represent an interesting route to contribute towards steel-making decarbonisation. Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969721018441?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146776 SN - 1879-1026 SN - 0048-9697 VL - 781 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mechleri, Evgenia A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - A Model Predictive Control-Based Decision-Making Strategy for Residential Microgrids T2 - Eng N2 - This work presents the development of a decision-making strategy for fulfilling the power and heat demands of small residential neighborhoods. The decision on the optimal operation of a microgrid is based on the model predictive control (MPC) rolling horizon. In the design of the residential microgrid, the new approach different technologies, such as photovoltaic (PV) arrays, micro-combined heat and power (micro-CHP) units, conventional boilers and heat and electricity storage tanks are considered. Moreover, electricity transfer between the microgrid components and the national grid are possible. The MPC problem is formulated as a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model. The proposed novel approach is applied to two case studies: one without electricity storage, and one integrated microgrid with electricity storage. The results show the benefits of considering the integrated microgrid, as well as the advantage of including electricity storage. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4117/3/1/9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/eng3010009 SN - 2673-4117 VL - 3 IS - 1 SP - 100 EP - 115 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jurischka, Constantin A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Stollberg, Christian A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - A novel approach to continuous extraction of active ingredients from essential oils through combined chromatography T2 - Computer Aided Chemical Engineering N2 - This contribution introduces a combined liquid chromatography purification designed for a continuous and resource-efficient process, integrating the rotating columns and the simulated bed principles. The approach is demonstrated and validated based on bisabolol oxides A and B, which are effective ingredients with anti-inflammatory and spasmolytic effects, prepared from chamomile essential oil. The results show superior efficiency to the traditional selective methods for isolating ingredients from multicomponent mixtures, as well as reduction in resources and costs. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780323958790501296?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-95879-0.50129-6 SN - 1570-7946 VL - 51 SP - 769 EP - 774 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Estrada, Carlos A. A1 - Manrique-Silupú, José A1 - Ipanaqué, William A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - A model-based approach for the prediction of banana rust thrips incidence from atmospheric variables T2 - Computer Aided Chemical Engineering N2 - This work focuses on the development of a mathematical model for the population growth of banana red rust thrips (Chaetanaphothrips signipennis) based on a modified temperature-based growth rate with the addition of climatic variables, such as relative humidity, wind speed and rainfall rate. The aim is to enable better prediction of the pest incidence and improve decision making, productivity, as well as quantifying the influence of these variables on the development of red rust thrips. The developed model is then compared with current solutions for predicting the pest incidence, showing improved accuracy (higher than 67%) versus experimental data, for which the state-of-the-art models indicate extremely poor fits. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780323958790500850?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-95879-0.50085-0 SN - 1570-7946 VL - 51 SP - 505 EP - 510 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Amao, Khalid A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Economic Analysis of Novel Pathways for Recovery of Lithium Battery Waste T2 - Computer Aided Chemical Engineering N2 - Using the Umicore process, a current state-of-the-art recycling in the metal recovery industry for lithium battery waste, as a baseline, this contribution examines economic and environmentally friendly solutions for effective metal recovery from spent LIBs. At the same time, possible synergies between existing resource use from other manufacturing and waste treatment industries are considered as valuable input to metal recycling, while also reducing the amount of atmospheric carbon. This further presents a case for possible integration of various waste management approaches as a single business unit for economic incentive and profitability for possible investment. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B978032395879050271X?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-95879-0.50271-X SN - 1570-7946 VL - 51 SP - 1621 EP - 1626 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Heinzelmann, Norbert A1 - Schnitzlein, Klaus A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - A novel approach to modelling trickle bed reactors T2 - Computer Aided Chemical Engineering N2 - In this contribution, the development of a toolbox for the simulation of trickle bed reactors based on a model able to account for the local properties of the liquid and gas flow in a packed bed at particle scale is introduced. The implementation uses a modular and flexible setup, with local liquid distribution considered as a function of the operating conditions and the physical properties of the three phases. Moreover, the impact of the local incomplete wetting on the conversion, as well as the mass transport and kinetics at both particle and reactor scale are accounted for. Furthermore, different particle geometries are considered, and the model is able to reliably predict the performance of the catalytic trickle bed reactors. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780323958790500473?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-95879-0.50047-3 SN - 1570-7946 VL - 51 SP - 277 EP - 282 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Campos, Jean C. A1 - Manrique-Silupú, José A1 - Ipanaqué, William A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Mechanistic modelling for thrips incidence in organic banana T2 - Computer Aided Chemical Engineering N2 - This contribution introduces a data acquisition and modelling framework for the prediction of banana pests’ incidence. An IoT sensors-based system collects weather and micro-climate variables, such as temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed, which are uploaded in real time to a cloud storage space. The incidence of the red rust thrips (Chaetanaphothrips signipennis) is collected “manually” by periodic inspection. The mathematical model is adapted from population growth functions and a model of insect species development and allows predictions to be made at various time intervals with an accuracy greater than 80%, improving decision-making capacity for agro-producers and enabling the improvement of pest management actions. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780323958790500461?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-95879-0.50046-1 SN - 1570-7946 VL - 51 SP - 271 EP - 276 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wachsmuth, Daniel A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Second-order conditions for non-uniformly convex integrands: quadratic growth in L¹ T2 - Journal of Nonsmooth Analysis and Optimizaton Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.46298/jnsao-2022-8733 SN - 2700-7448 VL - 3 SP - 1 EP - 36 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jia, Xiaoxi A1 - Kanzow, Christian A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - An Augmented Lagrangian Method for Optimization Problems with Structured Geometric Constraints T2 - Mathematical Programming Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10107-022-01870-z VL - 199 SP - 1365 EP - 1415 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kanzow, Christian A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick T1 - Convergence properties of monotone and nonmonotone proximal gradient methods revisited T2 - Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10957-022-02101-3 SN - 1573-2878 SN - 0022-3239 VL - 195 IS - 2 SP - 624 EP - 646 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Christof, Constantin A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Lipschitz Stability and Hadamard Directional Differentiability for Elliptic and Parabolic Obstacle-Type Quasi-Variational Inequalities T2 - SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1137/21m1419635 SN - 1095-7138 VL - 60 IS - 6 SP - 3430 EP - 3456 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ketabchi, Elham A1 - Ramirez Reina, Tomas A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - An identification approach to a reaction network for an ABE catalytic upgrade T2 - Computer Aided Chemical Engineering N2 - This contribution presents a kinetic study for the identification of the complex reaction mechanism occurring during the ABE upgrading, and the development of a kinetic model. Employing graph theory analysis, a directed bipartite graph is constructed to reduce the complexity of the reaction network, and the reaction rate constants and reaction orders are calculated using the initial rate method, followed by the calculation of the activation energy and frequency factor for an Arrhenius-type law. Subsequently, using general mass balancing a proposed mathematical model is produced to determine the apparent reaction rates, which are successfully in line with the experimental results. Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780323885065501029?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-88506-5.50102-9 SN - 1570-7946 VL - 50 SP - 643 EP - 648 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Neitzel, Ira A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - First-order conditions for the optimal control of the obstacle problem with state constraints T2 - Pure and Applied Functional Analysis Y1 - 2022 UR - http://yokohamapublishers.jp/online2/oppafa/vol7/p1881.html SN - 2189-3764 SN - 2189-3756 VL - 7 IS - 5 SP - 1881 EP - 1911 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Clarke, Fiona A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Mechleri, Evgenia A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Optimal design of heating and cooling pipeline networks for residential distributed energy resource systems T2 - Energy N2 - This paper presents a mixed integer linear programming model for the optimal design of a distributed energy resource (DER) system that meets electricity, heating, cooling and domestic hot water demands of a neighbourhood. The objective is the optimal selection of the system components among different technologies, as well as the optimal design of the heat pipeline network to allow heat exchange between different nodes in the neighbourhood. More specifically, this work focuses on the design, interaction and operation of the pipeline network, assuming the operation and maintenance costs. Furthermore, thermal and cold storage, transfer of thermal energy, and pipelines for transfer of cold and hot water to meet domestic hot water demands are additions to previously published models. The application of the final model is investigated for a case-study of a neighbourhood of five houses located in the UK. The scalability of the model is tested by also applying the model to a neighbourhood of ten and twenty houses, respectively. Enabling exchange of thermal power between the neighbours, including for storage purposes, and using separate hot and cold pipeline networks reduces the cost and the environmental impact of the resulting DER. Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544221016789?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2021.121430 SN - 1873-6785 SN - 0360-5442 VL - 235 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sidnell, Tim A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Mechleri, Evgenia A1 - Vassiliadis, Vassilios S. A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Effects of Dynamic Pricing on the Design and Operation of Distributed Energy Resource Networks T2 - Processes N2 - This paper presents a framework for the use of variable pricing to control electricity im-ported/exported to/from both fixed and unfixed residential distributed energy resource (DER) network designs. The framework shows that networks utilizing much of their own energy, and importing little from the national grid, are barely affected by dynamic import pricing, but are encouraged to sell more by dynamic export pricing. An increase in CO2 emissions per kWh of energy produced is observed for dynamic import and export, against a baseline configuration utilizing constant pricing. This is due to feed-in tariffs (FITs) that encourage CHP generation over lower-carbon technologies. Furthermore, batteries are shown to be expensive in systems receiving income from FITs and grid exports, but for the cases when they sell to/buy from the grid using dynamic pricing, their use in the networks becomes more economical. Keywords: distributed energy resource (DER); dynamic pricing; mixed-integer linear programming (MILP); renewable heat incentive (RHI); feed-in tariff (FIT); electricity storage in batteries. Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9717/9/8/1306 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/pr9081306 SN - 2227-9717 VL - 9 IS - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sidnell, Tim A1 - Clarke, Fiona A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Mechleri, Evgenia A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Optimal design and operation of distributed energy resources systems for residential neighbourhoods T2 - Smart Energy N2 - Different designs of distributed energy resources (DER) systems could lead to different performance in reducing cost, environmental impact or use of primary energy in residential networks. Hence, optimal design and management are important tasks to promote diffusion against the centralised grid. However, current operational models for such systems do not adequately analyse their complexity. This paper presents the results of a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model of distributed energy systems in the residential sector which builds up on previous work in this field. A superstructure optimisation model for design and operation of DER systems is obtained, providing a more holistic overview of such systems by including the following novel elements: a) Design and utilisation of a network with integrated heating/cooling pipelines and microgrid connections between neighbourhoods; b) Exploration of use of feed-in tariffs (FITs), renewable heat incentives (RHIs) and the ability to buy/sell from/to the national grid. It is shown that the (DER network mitigates around 30–40% of the CO2 emissions per household, compared with “traditional generation”. Money from FITs, RHIs and sales to the grid, as well as reduced grid purchases, make DER networks far more economical, and even profitable, compared to the traditional energy consumption. Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666955221000496?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.segy.2021.100049 SN - 2666-9552 VL - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Anagnostopoulos, Argyrios A1 - Sebastia-Saez, Daniel A1 - Campbell, Alasdair N. A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Finite element modelling of the thermal performance of salinity gradient solar ponds T2 - Energy N2 - Solar ponds are a promising technology to capture and store solar energy. Accurate, reliable and versatile models are thus needed to assess the thermal performance of salinity gradient solar ponds. A CFD simulation set-up has been developed in this work to obtain a fully versatile model applicable to any practical scenario. Also, a comparison between the results obtained with an existing one-dimensional MATLAB model and the two- and three-dimensional CFD models developed in this work has been carried out to quantify the gain in accuracy and the increase in computational resources needed. The two and three-dimensional models achieve considerably higher accuracy than the 1-D model. They are subsequently found to accurately evaluate the heat loss to the surroundings, the irradiance absorbed by the solar pond and the thermal performance of the pond throughout the year. Two geographic locations: Bafgh (Iran) and Kuwait City, have been evaluated. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544220309683?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2020.117861 SN - 1873-6785 SN - 0360-5442 VL - 203 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Besong, Lemopi Isidore A1 - Buhl, Johannes A1 - Härtel, Sebastian A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Increasing the Forming Limits in Hole Flanging of Dual-Phase (DP) 1000 Steel Using Punch Rotation T2 - Key Engineering Materials KW - Frictional Heat KW - High Formability KW - Hole Flanging KW - Punch Rotation Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4028/p-06y8un SN - 1662-9795 VL - Vol. 926 SP - 717 EP - 723 ER - TY - GEN A1 - De Mel, Ishanki A1 - Demis, Panagiotis A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Klymenko, Oleksiy A1 - Mechleri, Evgenia A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Global Sensitivity Analysis for Design and Operation of Distributed Energy Systems T2 - Computer Aided Chemical Engineering N2 - Distributed Energy Systems (DES) are set to play a vital role in achieving emission targets and meeting higher global energy demand by 2050. However, implementing these systems has been challenging, particularly due to uncertainties in local energy demand and renewable energy generation, which imply uncertain operational costs. In this work we are implementing a Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model for the operation of a DES, and analysing impacts of uncertainties in electricity demand, heating demand and solar irradiance on the main model output, the total daily operational cost, using Global Sensitivity Analysis (GSA). Representative data from a case study involving nine residential areas at the University of Surrey are used to test the model for the winter season. Distribution models for uncertain variables, obtained through statistical analysis of raw data, are presented. Design results show reduced costs and emissions, whilst GSA results show that heating demand has the largest influence on the variance of total daily operational cost. Challenges and design limitations are also discussed. Overall, the methodology can be easily applied to improve DES design and operation. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/B9780128233771502548?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-823377-1.50254-8 SN - 1570-7946 VL - 48 SP - 1519 EP - 1524 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Harder, Felix A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - M-stationarity for a class of MPCCs in Lebesgue spaces T2 - Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications Y1 - 2022 VL - 512 IS - 2 SP - 1 EP - 28 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kruger, Alexander Y. A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick T1 - Optimality conditions, approximate stationarity, and applications - a story beyond Lipschitzness T2 - Control, Optimisation and Calculus of Variations (ESAIM-COCV) Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1051/cocv/2022024 SN - 1262-3377 SN - 1292-8119 VL - 28 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yusuf, Ifrah A1 - Flagiello, Fabio A1 - Ward, Niel I. A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey A1 - Avignone-Rossa, Claudio A1 - Felipe-Sotelo, Monica T1 - Valorisation of banana peels by hydrothermal carbonisation: Potential use of the hydrochar and liquid by-product for water purification and energy conversion T2 - Bioresource Technology Reports N2 - Banana peels were used as feedstock to produce a carbon dense hydrochar for the removal of toxic metals from wastewater. Compared to the biomass feedstock (41.3% mass C), the banana peel hydrochar possesses higher carbon (54–72% mass C) and lower ash contents. The carbonised banana peels treated between 150 and 300 °C (1−2h) demonstrated an excellent ability to remove Cd²⁺ (5–100 mg L⁻¹), achieving 99% removal, in comparison with 75% for the raw peel. The liquid by-product generated in the carbonisation process was tested as feedstock in microbial electrochemical devices, showing significant reduction in the chemical oxygen demand levels (initially 10–25 10³ mg L⁻¹), associated with the production of electrical outputs; 81–85% reduction with microbial communities from compost, and 53–85% with anaerobic sludge. The results demonstrate the complete utilization of waste from mass cultivation of banana, providing a full-cycle solution for the pollution associated to this important crop. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589014X20302048?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biteb.2020.100582 SN - 2589-014X VL - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lokutsievskiy, Lev A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd A1 - Zelikin, Mikhail T1 - Non-optimality of conical parts for Newton's problem of minimal resistance in the class of convex bodies T2 - Calculus of Variations and Partial Differential Equations Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00526-021-02118-y SN - 1432-0835 SN - 0944-2669 VL - 61 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Maximal monotone operators with non-maximal graphical limit T2 - Examples and Counterexamples Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exco.2022.100073 SN - 2666-657X VL - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - From resolvents to generalized equations and quasi-variational inequalities: existence and differentiability T2 - Journal of Nonsmooth Analysis and Optimizaton Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.46298/jnsao-2022-8537 SN - 2700-7448 VL - 3 SP - 1 EP - 22 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Subdifferentiation of nonconvex sparsity-promoting functionals on Lebesgue spaces T2 - SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1137/21m1435173 SN - 1095-7138 VL - 60 IS - 3 SP - 1819 EP - 1839 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lemm, Sandy A1 - Köhler, Susanne A1 - Wodtke, Robert A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner A1 - Pietzsch, Jens A1 - Laube, Markus T1 - Enabling insights into the cytochrome P450 isoform specific metabolism of radiotracers by CYP overexpressing hepatoblastoma cell lines T2 - Nuclear Medicine and Biology Y1 - 2022 SN - 1872-9614 IS - 108-109, Supplement  SP - S66 EP - S67 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Buchmueller, Julia A1 - Enge, Anne-Margarethe A1 - Peters, Antonia A1 - Ebmeyer, Johanna A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner A1 - Schäfer, Bernd A1 - Bräuning, Albert A1 - Hessel-Pras, Stefanie T1 - The chemical structure impairs the intensity of genotoxic effects promoted by 1,2-unsaturated pyrrolizidine alkaloids in vitro T2 - Food and Chemical Toxicology Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2022.113049 SN - 1873-6351 SN - 0278-6915 VL - Vol. 164 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kovanen, Sunna A1 - Umantseva, Anna T1 - Practising sustainability beyond growth in eco-social entrepreneurship: An international comparative case study T2 - Journal of Co-operative Studies N2 - This paper explores whether and how eco-social enterprises (ESEs) in rural areas are able to foster sustainability beyond growth in their daily practice. We approach sustainability beyond growth as a radical intertwining of social, ecological and economic concerns, where economy is understood as the secure and long-term fulfilling of basic needs within planetary limits. The study compares daily practices of five established ESEs in Brandenburg, Germany and Alentejo, Portugal. The ESEs represent the fields of agriculture and tourism and are diverse in their organisational forms and sizes. The data includes ethnography, interviews and document analysis. According to the results, ESEs support transition towards sustainability beyond growth and extractivism by facilitating slow, caring and respectful production practices that balance the needs of nature and human participants. While findings demonstrate such practices across all organisational forms and sizes, they were the most ambitious and heterogeneous in large co-operatives in less peripheral locations with more initial resources. Ethical negotiations on economic risk-sharing and decision-making were intertwined in and stabilised by market relations and hierarchical decision-making. Small and peripheral ESEs need to balance between the risk of exclusivity, precarity, complexity of diverse participation and limited resources for coordination. Y1 - 2022 SN - 0961-5784 VL - 55 IS - 3 SP - 44 EP - 56 ER - TY - GEN A1 - De Carvalho Miranda, Julio Cesar A1 - Flores Ponce, Gustavo Henrique Santos A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey A1 - Maciel Filho, Rubens A1 - Wolf Maciel, Maria Regina T1 - Process design and evaluation of syngas-to-ethanol conversion plants T2 - Journal of Cleaner Production N2 - Synthesis gas (syngas) is mostly known by its use on ammonia (Harber-Bosch process) and hydrocarbons (Fischer-Tropsch process) production processes. However, a less explored route to produce chemical products, among them alcohols and other oxygenates, from syngas has been gaining attention over the last few years. In this route, an initial feedstock as biomass is firstly gasified to synthesis gas, which is reformed, cleaned, compressed and finally catalytically converted into a mixture of alcohols and oxygenated products. After separation steps, these products attain sufficient purity to be sold. In this work, the thermochemical route, is used aiming ethanol production from syngas. Using the commercial simulator ASPEN Plus, were proposed four study cases using 3 different categories of catalysts in 4 different process layouts. All the cases were evaluated regarding their productivity, energy consumption, and aspects of economic importance. The results show the technical viability to produce ethanol from syngas, proving an energy surplus of all processes and a reasonable production of the main product. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652620321259?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.122078 SN - 0959-6526 VL - 269 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gonzalez-Castaño, Miriam A1 - Gonzalez-Arias, Judith A1 - Bobadilla, Luis F. A1 - Ruiz-Lopez, E. A1 - Odriozola, Jose Antonio A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - In-Situ Drifts Steady-State Study of Co2 and Co Methanation Over Ni-Promoted Catalysts T2 - Fuel N2 - Promoting the performance of catalytic systems by incorporating small amount of alkali has been proved effective for several reactions whilst controversial outcomes are reported for the synthetic natural gas production. This work studies a series of Ni catalysts for CO2 and CO methanation reactions. In-situ DRIFTS spectroscopy evidenced similar reaction intermediates for all evaluated systems and it is proposed a reaction mechanism based on: i) formate decomposition and ii) hydrogenation of lineal carbonyl species to methane. Compared to bare Ni, the enhanced CO2 methanation rates attained by NiFe/Al and NiFeK/Al systems are associated to promoted formates decomposition into lineal carbonyl species. Also for CO methanation, the differences in the catalysts’ performances were associated to the relative concentration of lineal carbonyl species. Under CO methanation conditions and opposing the CO2 methanation results where the incorporation of K delivered promoted catalytic behaviours, worsened CO methanation rates were discerned for the NiFeK/Al system. Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016236122040650?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2022.127241 SN - 1873-7153 VL - 338 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tarifa, Pilar A1 - Ramirez Reina, Tomas A1 - González-Castaño, Miriam A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Catalytic Upgrading of Biomass-Gasification Mixtures Using Ni-Fe/MgAl₂O₄ as a Bifunctional Catalyst T2 - Energy and Fuels N2 - Biomass gasification streams typically contain a mixture of CO, H2, CH4, and CO2 as the majority components and frequently require conditioning for downstream processes. Herein, we investigate the catalytic upgrading of surrogate biomass gasifiers through the generation of syngas. Seeking a bifunctional system capable of converting CO2 and CH4 to CO, a reverse water gas shift (RWGS) catalyst based on Fe/MgAl2O4 was decorated with an increasing content of Ni metal and evaluated for producing syngas using different feedstock compositions. This approach proved efficient for gas upgrading, and the incorporation of adequate Ni content increased the CO content by promoting the RWGS and dry reforming of methane (DRM) reactions. The larger CO productivity attained at high temperatures was intimately associated with the generation of FeNi3 alloys. Among the catalysts' series, Ni-rich catalysts favored the CO productivity in the presence of CH4, but important carbon deposition processes were noticed. On the contrary, 2Ni-Fe/MgAl2O4 resulted in a competitive and cost-effective system delivering large amounts of CO with almost no coke deposits. Overall, the incorporation of a suitable realistic application for valorization of variable composition of biomass-gasification derived mixtures obtaining a syngas-rich stream thus opens new routes for biosyngas production and upgrading. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.2c01452 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.2c01452 SN - 1520-5029 SN - 0887-0624 VL - 36 IS - 15 SP - 8267 EP - 8273 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Petkov, Nikolay A1 - Bakalova, Totka A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Kashkarov, Egor B. A1 - Kormunda, Martin A1 - Kejzlar, Pavel A1 - Bahchedzhiev, Hristo A1 - Dadourek, Karel A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Structural, mechanical, and tribological properties of CrCN coatings obtained by cathodic arc physical vapour deposition technology at different CH4/N2 gas ratio T2 - Thin Solid Films N2 - Chromium carbonitride coatings were deposited by cathodic arc physical vapor deposition technology at a temperature of 300 °C, as were used the reactive gasses CH4 and N2. The structural analysis of the CrN coating showed a polycrystalline structure with mixed CrN and Cr2N phases. All studied coatings, including the CrC exhibits fcc structure. The phases were confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements where a surface oxidation was also detected. The increase of the CH4 gas flow during the deposition process leads to a parabolic trend with the highest hardness of 33.5 GPa for the coating deposited at CH4 / N2 = 0.53. At the same time the lowest coefficient of friction for both counterparts Al2O3 and ZrO2 (0.28 and 0.26, respectively) were measured at CH4 / N2 = 1.86. The tribological tests reveal that the wear of the coatings increases with an increasing CH4 flow rate, whereas the coefficient of friction decreases. This observed contradiction is explained by a phenomenon described as the effect of Rebinder. KW - Chromium carbonitride KW - Cathodic arc deposition KW - X-ray diffraction KW - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy KW - Mechanical properties KW - Wear Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040609022005715 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2022.139669 SN - 1879-2731 VL - 766 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Aissani, Linda A1 - Belgroune, Ahlam A1 - Saoudi, Abdenour A1 - Hmima, Abdelhamid A1 - Fellah, Mamoun A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Alhussein, Akram T1 - Tribo-mechanical performance and antibacterial activity in (Cu, Zr)-alloyed Ti(Al)N coatings synthesized by reactive magnetron sputtering T2 - Journal of Materials Science N2 - In this work, copper and zirconium were added into the Ti(Al)N matrix to form deposited on TiAl(Cu, Zr)N coating using RF magnetron sputtering system in order to improve the mechanical, wear performance, and antibacterial activity. Results revealed that the TiAl(Cu, Zr)N coatings have a dense structure with (111) preferential orientation. The deposited TiAl(Cu, Zr)N coatings exhibited fcc-TiN structure, whereas the addition of Zr and Cu into the Ti(Al)N induced the appearance of Cu and ZrN. The solid solution strengthening and the increase in compressive residual stress (− 2.54 GPa) of Ti(Al, Zr)N coating with higher lattice strain (+ 0.1520) by the addition of Zr improved the hardness from 20.9 GPa. For the tribological property, the friction coefficient and wear rate decreased from (0.45, 5.9 × 10−3mm3/Nm) for the TiAlN to (0.29, 4.2 × 10−5mm3/Nm) for the Ti(Al, Zr)N, respectively, with high elasto-plastic H/E, H3/E2 (0.076, 0.121 GPa) ratios due to the low surface roughness, high adhesion, and nanocomposite structure. The results indicated the addition of Zr improves the friction property of Ti(Al)N coating. Although with their lower hardness than Ti(Al)N coating, the Ti(Al, Cu)N coating with 9.2 at.% Cu exhibited an excellent wear resistance and good antibacterial activity, which demonstrates its potential as a candidate material for biomedical application. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10853-022-07804-6 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-022-07804-6 SN - 1573-4803 VL - 57 SP - 19612 EP - 19630 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grudinin, V. A. A1 - Bleykher, G. A. A1 - Krivobokov, V. P. A1 - Semyonov, O. V. A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Weiß, Sabine A1 - Sidelev, D. V. T1 - Hot target magnetron sputtering enhanced by RF-ICP source: Microstructure and functional properties of CrNx coatings T2 - Vacuum N2 - CrNx coatings were deposited at high rates (100–130 nm/min) using hot Cr target magnetron sputtering enhanced by a radio-frequency inductively coupled plasma (RF-ICP) source in an Ar + N2 atmosphere. Besides separation of inert and reactive atmosphere, the RF-ICP source can be an effective tool for ion assistance in case of coating growth and to tailor film parameters. The effects of nitrogen flow rate and substrate bias potential on microstructure and functional properties of the CrNx coatings were investigated. An increase in nitrogen flow rate favored the formation of a looser microstructure of the coatings, while substrate biasing had the opposite effect. The functional properties were strongly dependent on the phase composition of the CrNx coatings. The change in coating microstructure significantly affected hardness, elastic modulus, adhesion, friction coefficients and corrosion resistance. The results indicated that ion assistance can be a key feature for regulating functional properties in the considered type of coating deposition. Cr2N and CrN compound coatings with high hardness (∼20 GPa) and low corrosion current density (icorr ∼ 3–5·10−9 A/cm2) in a 3.5 wt% NaCl solution were obtained by high-rate deposition. KW - CrN KW - Coatings KW - Hot target KW - Magnetron sputtering KW - High-rate deposition KW - RF-ICP Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0042207X2200152X U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vacuum.2022.111020 SN - 1879-2715 VL - 200 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Marchenko, Ekaterina A1 - Yasenchuk, Yuri A1 - Klopotov, Anatoliy A1 - Ustinov, Artem A1 - Abzaev, Yuri A1 - Vetrova, Anna A1 - Chekalkin, Timofey A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei T1 - Study of macroplastic flow in surface layers of porous SHS-TiNi by digital image correlation T2 - ISSS Journal of Micro and Smart Systems N2 - In this work, we studied the evolution and features of localized strain fields in porous SHS-TiNi samples. Using the Vic-3D optical system and spayed speckle patterns, a localized plastic flow on the surface of porous plates of 0.85 mm and 2.7 mm thick loaded up to fracture in a quasi-static mode was traced and characterized. As seen, a 0.85 mm thick specimen indicated two strain-hardening distinctive parts in the stress-strain curve. Moreover, regions of localized strain are found that be wider than that of a 2.7 mm thick sample. It can be argued that by combining speckle patterns and quasi-static tension, one can effectively explore and predict the deformation behavior of a designing bone substitute made of porous SHS-TiNi. KW - Localized plastic flow KW - Porous SHS-TiNi KW - Digital image correlation KW - Speckle patterns Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s41683-022-00104-w SN - 2509-7997 VL - 11 IS - 2 SP - 343 EP - 347 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kaiser, Bert A1 - Schenk, Hermann A. G. A1 - Ehrig, Lutz A1 - Wall, Franziska A1 - Monsalve Guaracao, Jorge Mario A1 - Langa, Sergiu A1 - Stolz, Michael A1 - Melnikov, Anton A1 - Conrad, Holger A1 - Schuffenhauer, David A1 - Schenk, Harald T1 - The push-pull principle: an electrostatic actuator concept for low distortion acoustic transducers T2 - Microsystems & Nanoengineering N2 - Electrostatic actuators are of particular interest for microsystems (MEMS), and in particular for MEMS audio transducers for use in advanced true wireless applications. They are attractive because of their typically low electrical capacitance and because they can be fabricated from materials that are compatible with standard complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology. For high audio performance and in particular low harmonic distortion (THD) the implementation of the push-pull principle provides strong benefits. With an arrangement of three electrodes in a conjunct moving configuration on a beam, we demonstrate here for the first time a balanced bending actuator incarnating the push-pull principle operating at low voltages. Our first design already exhibits a harmonic distortion as low as 1.2% at 79 dB using a signal voltage of only 6 Vp and a constant voltage of only ±10 Vdc in a standard acoustic measurement setup. Thus, exceeding our previously reported approach in all three key performance indications at the same time. We expect that our novel electrode configurations will stimulate innovative electrostatic actuator developments for a broad range of applications. In this paper we report the basic theory, the fabrication and the performance of our novel actuator design acting as an audio transducer. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41378-022-00458-z SN - 2055-7434 VL - Vol. 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schweiger, Severin A1 - Schulze, Tim F. A1 - Schlipf, Simon A1 - Reinig, Peter A1 - Schenk, Harald T1 - Characterization of two-photon-polymerization lithography structures via Raman spectroscopy and nanoindentation T2 - Journal of Optical Microsystems N2 - Additive manufacturing using two-photon polymerization (TPP) lithography is increasingly used in industry and research. Parameter sweeps of cuboid structures fabricated using TPP lithography were investigated across the parameters of the laser power and scan speed to find dependent mechanical material properties. The employed photoresists were examined using Raman spectroscopy to find the degree of conversion (DC) of monomer to polymer, and subsequently, micro- or nanoindentation was used to find Young’s modulus (E). For the photoresist IP-Dip, the attained DC and E ranged from 20% to 45% and 1 to 2.1 GPa, respectively. The results were compared with reports found in the literature. For IP-Q, the attained DC and E ranged from 53% to 80% and 0.5 to 1.3 GPa, respectively. The characterized properties of IP-Q manifest as the current state of knowledge of the material. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1117/1.jom.2.3.033501 SN - 2708-5260 VL - Vol. 2 IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Monsalve Guaracao, Jorge Mario A1 - Melnikov, Anton A1 - Stolz, Michael A1 - Mrosk, Andreas A1 - Jongmanns, Marcel A1 - Wall, Franziska A1 - Langa, Sergiu A1 - Marica-Bercu, Ioana A1 - Brändel, Tim A1 - Kircher, Marco A1 - Schenk, Hermann A. G. A1 - Kaiser, Bert A1 - Schenk, Harald T1 - Proof of concept of an air-coupled electrostatic ultrasonic transducer based on lateral motion T2 - Sensors and Actuators A: Physical N2 - An alternative implementation of an electrostatic MUT (Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducer), relying on multiple beams that displace along the chip’s surface instead of a single membrane displacing perpendicular to it, is presented in this work. With this approach, a design requiring a low bias voltage (24 V) and occupying a small area (3.3×3.3 mm², 2D/λ≈0.77) was shown to generate a sound pressure level of 82 dB (re. 20 µPa-rms) at 40 kHz and a distance of 8.9 cm. The high level of damping allows this transducer to operate in a wide frequency range (35-63 kHz). The operation of this device as an ultrasonic receiver was also proven. An implementation of this transducer as a rangefinder requires a strong reduction in the noise level, particularly coming from radio-frequency interference, in order to increase its detection range. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2022.113813 SN - 1873-3069 SN - 0924-4247 VL - Vol. 345 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klimczak, Peter A1 - Halamuda, Thomas T1 - Twitter-Studie: Zeitungen als (Hidden) Champions auf Twitter T2 - BDZV-Jahresreport DIGITAL N2 - Zeitungen gehören zu den Leitmedien auf der Diskursplattform Twitter. Sie versorgen die Community mit tagesaktuellem Content und mischen auch im Diskurs mit. Insbesondere Letzteres bringt jedoch nicht nur Vor-, sondern auch Nachteile. KW - Zeitungen KW - Leitmedien KW - Twitter KW - Massenmedien KW - Tweets Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.halamuda.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/BDZV_Jahresreport_Digital_2022-Zeitungen-auf-Twitter.pdf VL - 2022 SP - 152 EP - 156 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bobadilla, Luis F. A1 - Azancot, Lola A1 - Luque-Alvarez, Ligia A. A1 - Torres-Sempere, Guillermo A1 - Gonzalez-Castano, Miriam A1 - Pastor-Perez, Laura A1 - Yu, Jie A1 - Ramirez Reina, Tomas A1 - Ivanova, Svetlana A1 - Centeno, Miguel Angel A1 - Odriozola, José Antonio T1 - Development of Power-to-X Catalytic Processes for CO2 Valorisation: From the Molecular Level to the Reactor Architecture T2 - Chemistry N2 - Nowadays, global climate change is likely the most compelling problem mankind is facing. In this scenario, decarbonisation of the chemical industry is one of the global challenges that the scientific community needs to address in the immediate future. Catalysis and catalytic processes are called to play a decisive role in the transition to a more sustainable and low-carbon future. This critical review analyses the unique advantages of structured reactors (isothermicity, a wide range of residence times availability, complex geometries) with the multifunctional design of efficient catalysts to synthesise chemicals using CO2 and renewable H2 in a Power-to-X (PTX) strategy. Fine-chemistry synthetic methods and advanced in situ/operando techniques are essential to elucidate the changes of the catalysts during the studied reaction, thus gathering fundamental information about the active species and reaction mechanisms. Such information becomes crucial to refine the catalyst’s formulation and boost the reaction’s performance. On the other hand, reactors architecture allows flow pattern and temperature control, the management of strong thermal effects and the incorporation of specifically designed materials as catalytically active phases are expected to significantly contribute to the advance in the valorisation of CO2 in the form of high added-value products. From a general perspective, this paper aims to update the state of the art in Carbon Capture and Utilisation (CCU) and PTX concepts with emphasis on processes involving the transformation of CO2 into targeted fuels and platform chemicals, combining innovation from the point of view of both structured reactor design and multifunctional catalysts development. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8549/4/4/83 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/chemistry4040083 SN - 2624-8549 VL - 4 IS - 4 SP - 1250 EP - 1280 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sharma, Sparsh A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Arcondoulis, Elias T1 - On the influence of porous coating thickness and permeability on passive flow and noise control of cylinders T2 - Journal of Sound and Vibration Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022460X23000135?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2023.117563 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ruan, Hang A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey A1 - Xiao, Pei A1 - Zhang, Li T1 - Deep Learning-Based Fault Prediction in Wireless Sensor Network Embedded Cyber-Physical Systems for Industrial Processes T2 - IEEE Access N2 - This paper investigates the challenging fault prediction problem in process industries that adopt autonomous and intelligent cyber-physical systems (CPS), which is in line with the emerging developments of industrial internet of things (IIoT) and Industry 4.0. Particularly, we developed an end-to-end deep learning approach based on a large volume of real-time sensory data collected from a chemical plant equipped with wireless sensors. Firstly, a novel recursive architecture with multi-lookback inputs is proposed to perform autoregression on imbalanced time-series data as a preliminary prediction. In this process, a novel learning algorithm named recursive gradient descent (RGD) is developed for the proposed architecture to reduce cumulative prediction uncertainties. Subsequently, a classification model based on temporal convolutions over multiple channels with decay effect is proposed to perform multi-class classification for fault root cause identification and localization. The overall network is named the cumulative uncertainty reduction network (CURNet), for its superior capacity in reducing prediction uncertainties accumulated over multiple prediction steps. Performance evaluations show that CURNet is able to achieve superior performance especially in terms of fault prediction recall and fault type classification accuracy, compared to the existing techniques. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9684389 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3144333 SN - 2169-3536 VL - 10 SP - 10867 EP - 10879 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Afzal, Muhammad Junaid A1 - Buhl, Johannes T1 - Numerical Study to Promote the Residual Stresses Development during ISF Process with Improvement in Two Point Incremental Die Forming T2 - Key Engineering Materials KW - Disc springs KW - Martensite transformation KW - Residual stresses KW - Cooling channels KW - Incremental sheet forming KW - Austenite phase Y1 - 2022 SN - 1662-9795 VL - Vol. 926 SP - 752 EP - 759 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Saavedra, Stephy A1 - Alejandro-Paredes, Luis A1 - Flores-Santos, Juan Carlos A1 - Flores-Fernández, Carol Nathali A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey A1 - Zavaleta, Amparo Iris T1 - Optimization of lactic acid production by Lactobacillus plantarum strain Hui1 in a medium containing sugar cane molasses T2 - Agronomía Colombiana N2 - The aim of this study was to optimize lactic acid production by a native strain (Huil) of Lactobacillus plantarum isolated from a Peruvian Amazon fruit (Genipa americana) in a medium supplemented with an agroindustrial by-product such as sugar cane molasses. Optimization was performed though one-factor-at-a-time studies followed by the Placket-Burman and central composite designs. The data were analyzed by using the Statistica® 10 software. Several carbon, nitrogen and ion sources were tested, and the optimum concentration of lactic acid achieved was 84.2 g L-1 in a medium containing as follows (in g L-1): meat extract, 18.69; tryptone, 7.88; sugar cane molasses, 140; calcium carbonate, 15; dipotassium phosphate, 1; manganese phosphate, 0.03; sodium acetate, 5, and magnesium sulphate, 0.2. In addition, a high degree of conversion from sugar cane molasses to lactic acid was obtained (Yp/e 0.898 g g-1). These results indicate the potential of Lactobacil-lus plantarum strain Hui1 to produce lactic acid in a medium supplemented with sugar cane molasses, an underutilized industrial by-product. Y1 - 2021 UR - https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/agrocol/article/view/89674 U6 - https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v39n1.89674 SN - 0120-9965 SN - 2357-3732 VL - 39 IS - 1 SP - 98 EP - 107 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ketabchi, Elham A1 - Mechleri, Evgenia A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Increasing operational efficiency through the integration of an oil refinery and an ethylene production plant T2 - Chemical Engineering Research and Design N2 - In this work, the optimal integration between an oil refinery and an ethylene production plant has been investigated. Both plants are connected using intermediate materials aiming to remove, at least partially, the reliance on external sourcing. This integration has been proven to be beneficial in terms of quality and profit increase for both production systems. Thus, three mathematical models have been formulated and implemented for each plant individually as well as for the integrated system as MINLP models aiming to optimise all three systems. Moreover, a case study using practical data is presented to verify the feasibility of the integration within an industrial environment. Promising results have been obtained demonstrating significant profit increase in both plants. Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0263876219304459?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2019.09.028 SN - 1744-3563 SN - 0263-8762 VL - 152 SP - 85 EP - 94 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ketabchi, Elham A1 - Pastor-Perez, Laura A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey A1 - Ramirez Reina, Tomas T1 - Influence of Reaction Parameters on the Catalytic Upgrading of an Acetone, Butanol and Ethanol (ABE) Mixture: Exploring New Routes for Modern Biorefineries T2 - Frontiers in Chemistry N2 - Here we present a comprehensive study on the effect of reaction parameters on the upgrade of an acetone, butanol and ethanol mixture – key molecules and platform products of great interest within the chemical sector. Using a selected high performing catalyst, Fe/MgO-Al2O3, the variation of temperature, reaction time, catalytic loading and reactant molar ratio have been examined in this reaction. This work is aiming to not only optimise the reaction conditions previously used, but to step towards using less energy, time and material by testing those conditions and analysing the sufficiency of the results. Herein we demonstrate that this reaction is favoured at higher temperatures and longer reaction time. Also, we observe that increasing the catalyst loading had a positive effect on the product yields, while reactant ratios have shown to produce varied results due to the role of each reactant in the complex reaction network. In line with the aim of reducing energy and costs, this work showcases that the products from the upgrading route have significantly higher market value than the reactants; highlighting that this process represents an appealing route to be implemented in modern biorefineries. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fchem.2019.00906/full U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2019.00906 SN - 2296-2646 VL - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ketabchi, Elham A1 - Pastor-Perez, Laura A1 - Ramirez Reina, Tomas A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Catalytic upgrading of acetone, butanol and ethanol (ABE): A step ahead for the production of added value chemicals in bio-refineries T2 - Renewable Energy N2 - With the aim of moving towards sustainability and renewable energy sources, we have studied the production of long chain hydrocarbons from a renewable source of biomass to reduce negative impacts of greenhouse gas emissions while providing a suitable alternative for fossil fuel-based processes. Herein we report a catalytic strategy for Acetone, Butanol and Ethanol (ABE) upgrading using economically viable catalysts with potential impact in modern bio-refineries. Our catalysts based on transition metals such as Ni, Fe and Cu supported on MgO–Al2O3 have been proven to perform exceptionally with outstanding conversions towards the production of a broad range of added value chemicals from C2 to C15. Although all catalysts displayed meritorious performance, the Fe catalyst has shown the best results in terms conversion (89%). Interestingly, the Cu catalyst displays the highest selectivity towards long chain hydrocarbons (14%). Very importantly, our approach suppresses the utilization of solvents and additives resulting directly in upgraded hydrocarbons that are of use in the chemical and/or the transportation industry. Overall, this seminal work opens the possibility to consider ABE upgrading as a viable route in bio-refineries to produce renewably sourced added value products in an economically favorable way. In addition, the described process can be envisaged as a cross-link stream among bio and traditional refineries aiming to reduce fossil fuel sources involved and incorporate “greener” solutions. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S096014812030690X?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2020.04.152 SN - 1879-0682 SN - 0960-1481 VL - 156 SP - 1065 EP - 1075 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yentumi, Richard A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Optimal Operation of an Industrial Natural Gas Fired Natural Draft Heater T2 - Chemical Engineering Journal Advances N2 - In this work, a custom dynamic mathematical model of an industrial vertical-cylindrical type natural gas fired natural draft heater is developed using gPROMS® ProcessBuilder®. The integrated model comprises sub-models for each of the distinct sections of the fired heater which are connected by mass and energy flows. The temperature profiles of the tubular coils and the process fluid, a heat transfer fluid (HTF) are modelled using the distributed parameter system (DPS) in the axial direction (1D). The flue gas temperature in each section is modelled using the lumped parameter approach. Published empirical methods and correlations are used for estimating some unknown model parameters. The resulting model is a system of partial differential-algebraic equations (PDAEs) and serves as a basis for conducting an optimisation study to aid decision-making and to identify the best operating conditions within the specified constraints that minimise the daily operational costs. Through process simulation studies, the model predictions are adjusted to closely approximate collected actual plant data. It is demonstrated through the optimisation study that significant reduction in fuel gas consumption can be achieved compared to the current operating consumption levels. The developed models can be extended for use by other hydrocarbon processing plant operators with slight modifications, by specifying geometric parameters, HTF thermophysical properties, fuel gas composition and properties, among others. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666821122001144?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceja.2022.100354 SN - 2666-8211 VL - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Deindl, Christian A1 - Diehl, Katharina A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Richter, Matthias A1 - Schüttig, Wiebke A1 - Rattay, Petra A1 - Dragano, Nico A1 - Pischke, Claudia R. T1 - Self-rated health of university students in Germany-The importance of material, psychosocial, and behavioral factors and the parental socio-economic status T2 - Frontiers in Public Health N2 - Health inequalities start early in life. The time of young adulthood, between late teens and early twenties, is especially interesting in this regard. This time of emerging adulthood, the transition from being a child to becoming an adult, is characterised by the detachment from parents and establishing of an own independent life. From a health inequality perspective, the question about the importance of the socio-economic background of parents is important. University students are an especially interesting group. Many students come from a privileged background and the question of health inequality among university students has not yet been properly studied. Based on the National Educational Panel Study (NEPS), we analysed health inequalities among 9,000 students in Germany (Ø 20 years in the first year of their studies) over a period of eight years. We found that university students in Germany report a good and very good health. Yet, we still found substantial health inequalities. Students whose parents had a higher occupational status also reported less health problems. We were also able to tie health inequality on health behaviour, psychosocial resources, and material conditions. KW - Students KW - Health KW - University KW - Inequality KW - National Educational Panel Study Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1075142/full U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1075142 SN - 2296-2565 VL - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Imran, Muhammad A1 - Deillon, Léa A1 - Sizova, Irina A1 - Neirinck, Bram A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Process optimization and study of the co-sintering behaviour of Cu-Ni multi-material 3D structures fabricated by spark plasma sintering (SPS) T2 - Materials & Design KW - Multi-material KW - Spark plasma sintering KW - Sintering behavior KW - Master sintering curve KW - Master sintering surface Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2022.111210 SN - 0264-1275 VL - Vol. 223 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Helmer, Michelle A1 - Helmer, Desiree A1 - Martin-Creuzburg, Dominik A1 - Rothhaupt, Karl-Otto A1 - Yohannes, Elizabeth T1 - Toxicity and Starvation Induce Major Trophic Isotope Variation in Daphnia Individuals: A Diet Switch Experiment Using Eight Phytoplankton Species of Differing Nutritional Quality T2 - Biology KW - stable isotopes KW - cyanobacteria Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/biology11121816 SN - 2079-7737 VL - 11 IS - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Alkhasli, Isabel A1 - Mottaghy, Felix M. A1 - Binkofski, Ferdinand A1 - Sakreida, Katrin T1 - Preconditioning prefrontal connectivity using transcranial direct current stimulation and transcranial magnetic stimulation T2 - Frontiers in human neurosciences Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2022.929917 SN - 1662-5161 VL - Vol. 16 SP - 1 EP - 14 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ghosh, Syamali A1 - Roy, Sankar Kumar A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin T1 - The Multi-Objective Solid Transportation Problem with Preservation Technology Using Pythagorean Fuzzy Sets T2 - International Journal of Fuzzy Systems Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s40815-021-01224-5 SN - 2199-3211 SN - 1562-2479 VL - 24 IS - 6 SP - 2687 EP - 2704 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stieber, Anke A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin T1 - Dealing with Time in the Multiple Traveling Salesmen Problem with Moving Targets T2 - Central European Journal of Operations Research N2 - The multiple traveling salespersons problem with moving targets is a generalization of the classical traveling salespersons problem, where the targets (nodes or objects) are moving over time. Additionally, for each target a visibility time window is given. The task is to find routes for several salespersons so that each target is reached exactly once within its visibility time window and the sum of all traveled distances of all salespersons is minimal. We present different modeling formulations for this TSP variant. The time requirements are modeled differently in each approach. Our goal is to examine what formulation is most suitable in terms of runtime to solve the multiple traveling salespersons problem with moving targets with exact methods. Computational experiments are carried out on randomly generated test instances to compare the different modeling approaches. The results for large-scale instances show, that the best way to model time requirements is to directly insert them into a formulation with discrete time steps. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10100-020-00712-7 SN - 1613-9178 SN - 1435-246X VL - 30 IS - 3 SP - 991 EP - 1017 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dee, Robin A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin A1 - Kaimakamis, George T1 - The Unit Re-Balancing Problem T2 - Mathematics Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/math9243205 SN - 2227-7390 VL - 9 IS - 24 ER - TY - GEN A1 - De Mel, Ishanki A1 - Demis, Panagiotis A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Klymenko, Oleksiy A1 - Mechleri, Evgenia A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Global sensitivity analysis for design and operation of distributed energy systems: A two-stage approach T2 - Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments N2 - Distributed Energy Systems (DES) can play a vital role as the energy sector faces unprecedented changes to reduce carbon emissions by increasing renewable and low-carbon energy generation. However, current operational DES models do not adequately reflect the influence of uncertain inputs on operational outputs, resulting in poor planning and performance. This paper details a methodology to analyse the effects of uncertain model inputs on the primary output, the total daily cost, of an operational model of a DES. Global Sensitivity Analysis (GSA) is used to quantify these effects, both individually and through interactions, on the variability of the output. A Mixed-Integer Linear Programming model for the DES design is presented, followed by the operational model, which incorporates Rolling Horizon Model Predictive Control. A subset of model inputs, which include electricity and heating demand, and solar irradiance, is treated as uncertain using data from a case study. Results show reductions of minimum 25% in the total annualised cost compared to a traditional design that purchases electricity from the centralised grid and meets heating demand using boilers. In terms of carbon emissions, the savings are much smaller, although the dependency on the national grid is drastically reduced. Limitations and suggestions for improving the overall DES design and operation are also discussed in detail, highlighting the importance of incorporating GSA into the DES framework. Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213138823000565?dgcid=author U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2023.103064 SN - 2213-1388 VL - 56 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liu, Xu A1 - Song, Lin A1 - Stark, Andreas A1 - Lorenz, Uwe A1 - He, Zhanbing A1 - Lin, Junpin A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Zhang, Tiebang T1 - Deformation and phase transformation behaviors of a high Nb-containing TiAl alloy compressed at intermediate temperatures T2 - Journal of Materials Science and Technology N2 - In modern β-solidified TiAl alloys, the decomposition of α2 phase is frequently observed during heat treatment or high-temperature deformation of the alloys. In this study, high-temperature deformation and decomposition mechanisms of α2 phase in a Ti-45Al-8.5Nb-0.2B-0.2W-0.02Y alloy are investigated. In a sample deformed at 800 °C, the precipitation of βo(ωo) phase is observed within the equiaxed α2 phase. The nucleation of ωo particles within the βo matrix indicates the α2→βo→ωo transformation. In addition, numerous γ phase precipitates form within the βo(ω) areas. The α2 lamellae decompose into ultrafine (α2+γ) lamellae and coarsened γ lamellae via α2→α2+γ and α2→γ transformation, respectively. Moreover, the ωo phase nucleates within the ultrafine lamellae via α2→ωo transformation. However, in a sample deformed at 1000 °C, the nucleation of βo particles is sluggish, which is caused by the efficient release of the internal stress via dynamic recrystallization (DRX). These results indicate that complex phase transformations can be introduced by the decomposition of α2 phase in TiAl alloys with a high amount of β-stabilizing elements. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2021.06.041 SN - 0861-9786 VL - 102 SP - 89 EP - 96 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Haußmann, Lukas A1 - Neumeier, Steffen A1 - Bresler, Johannes A1 - Keim, Simon A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Göken, Mathias T1 - Influence of Nb, Ta and Zr on the Interdiffusion Coefficients and Solid Solution Strengthening of γ-TiAl Single Phase Alloys T2 - Metals N2 - The alloying elements Nb, Ta and Zr improve the creep properties of fully lamellar γ/α2 titanium aluminides significantly. Since high temperature deformation mainly occurs in the γ-phase of γ/α2 titanium aluminides, the diffusivity and the solid solution hardening effect of these three elements in the γ-phase is studied by analyzing the concentration gradients of the alloying elements and the resulting hardness across the interdiffusion zone of diffusion couples by energy dispersive X-ray diffraction and nanoindentation. The results reveal that Zr has the highest interdiffusion coefficient but also the largest solid solution hardening coefficient. The mechanical properties of single γ-phase Ti-54Al-5X alloys were investigated by strain rate jump tests. The addition of 5 at.% Nb or Ta lead to an increased strength compared to a binary γ-Ti-54Al alloy. The Zr-containing γ-TiAl alloy reveals the highest strength at 750°C and 900°C, which is discussed to be due to the strong solid solution hardening effect of Zr. However, in comparison to the other alloys, Ti-54Al-5Zr shows quite brittle behavior up to 900°C. The lower diffusivity of Ta compared to Nb leads to a higher strength of the Ta-modified alloy at 900◦C. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/met12050752 SN - 2075-4701 VL - 12 IS - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Distl, Benedikt A1 - Hauschildt, Katja A1 - Rashkova, Boryana A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Stein, Frank T1 - Phase Equilibria in the Ti-Rich Part of the Ti-Al-Nb System—Part I: Low-Temperature Phase Equilibria Between 700 and 900 °C T2 - Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion N2 - Precise knowledge of the phase equilibria in the Ti-Al-Nb system between 700 and 900 °C is of crucial importance for the urgently needed improvement of TiAl-based turbine materials already in industrial use to achieve further energy savings. As a result of the occurrence of the two ternary intermetallic phases ωo (“Ti4NbAl3”) and O (“Ti2NbAl”), which form in the solid state just in the range of the application-relevant temperatures, the phase relations are very complex and not well studied. In the present investigation, isothermal sections of the Ti-rich part of the Ti-Al-Nb system at 700, 800, and 900 °C were determined by a systematic study of 15 ternary alloys, one solid-solid diffusion couple, and three liquid-solid diffusion couples. Using scanning electron microscopy, electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), x-ray diffraction (XRD), high-energy XRD (HEXRD), differential thermal analysis (DTA), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigations, type and composition of phases as well as phase transitions were determined. With these results, the phase equilibria were established. A focus of the investigations is on the homogeneity ranges of the two ternary phases ωo and O, which both are stable up to temperatures above 900 °C. Based on the compositions measured for the ωo phase and its crystal structure type, a new formula (Ti,Nb)2Al is suggested. The results also indicate that the phase field of the ωo phase is split into two parts at 900 °C because of the growing phase field of the ordered (βTi,Nb)o phase. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-022-00963-8 SN - 1863-7345 VL - 43 IS - 3 SP - 355 EP - 381 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Li A1 - Kong, Yi A1 - Oehring, Michael A1 - Song, Min A1 - Pyczak, Florian T1 - Atomic site occupancy of alloying elements and Laves phase stability in γ-γ′ Co-base superalloys T2 - Journal of Alloys and Compounds N2 - The atomic site occupancy of alloying elements in the ZrCo2 and HfCo2 based Laves phases formed in the Co-9Al-9W-2Zr and Co-9Al-9W-2Hf alloys was experimentally determined by the combined techniques of energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy mapping with atomic resolution and the atom location by channeling enhanced microanalysis (ALCHEMI) method. The results show that both Al and W occupy the Zr site in the C15 and the Hf site in the C36 crystal structure. The atomic locations of Al and W were further confirmed by comparing calculated inelastic cross-sections with experimental ALCHEMI results. Using the determined atomic site occupancies of alloying elements, special quasirandom structure solid solution models with 192 atoms were constructed and employed in first-principles calculations. It is found theoretically that the energy of formation of the C15 structure is always lower than that of the C36 structure at 0 K in both ZrCo2 and HfCo2 phases, no matter whether Al and W are incorporated or not. However, further ab initio molecular dynamics simulations suggest that lattice vibration at finite temperature contributes significantly to the phase stability, stabilizing the C36 structure compared to the C15 type for the (Hf, Al, W)Co2 phase at finite temperature, which fits well with the experimental findings. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2022.164261 SN - 1873-4669 SN - 0925-8388 VL - 906 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lazurenko, Daria V. A1 - Petrov, Ivan Yu A1 - Mali, Vyacheslav I. A1 - Esikov, Maksim A. A1 - Kuzmin, R. I. A1 - Lozanov, V. V. A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Stark, Andreas A1 - Dovzhenko, G. D. A1 - Bataev, Ivan A. A1 - Terentiev, D. S. A1 - Ruktuev, Alexey A. T1 - Ti-Al3Ti metal-intermetallic laminate (MIL) composite with a cubic titanium trialuminide stabilized with silver: Selection of fabrication regimes, structure, and properties T2 - Journal of Alloys and Compounds N2 - Ti-Al3Ti metal-intermetallic laminate (MIL) composites are known as promising structural materials due to the unique combination of their specific properties. However, their application is still limited due to the extremely high brittleness of the Al3Ti phase. In this study, we attempt to address this issue by changing the D022 crystal structure of Al3Ti to the more ductile L12 structure by alloying it with silver. To select the best fabrication regimes of Ti-Ti(Al1−xAgx)3 composites, in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction analysis was performed to reveal the chemical reactions occurring upon heating the Ti-Al-Ag sample. The analysis showed that the highest amount of Ti(Al1−xAgx)3 phase with the L12 structure appears at 930 °C. This temperature was chosen for subsequent spark plasma sintering experiments. Scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, and X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the sintered sample consisted mainly of Ti, Ti(Al1−xAgx)3, and a minor fraction of the Ag-Al compound distributed in the central parts of the intermetallic layers and at the grain boundaries. Modification of the titanium trialuminide crystal structure positively affected the properties of the composite, providing a 60% increase in fracture toughness. The Ag-Al phase also contributed to toughening, causing an additional crack deflection effect. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2022.165480 SN - 1873-4669 VL - 916 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lemos, Georges A1 - Fredel, Márcio C. A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Tetzlaff, Ulrich T1 - Creep resistance improvement of a polycrystalline Ni-based superalloy via TiC particles reinforcement T2 - Materials Science and Engineering: A, Structural materials N2 - In order to develop highly efficient aircraft engines, the use of alloys for turbine blades that combine high creep resistance and lower density brings substantial benefits. That may be achieved by the introduction of a reinforcing phase, such as a discontinuous reinforcement. So far, most researched particle-reinforced Ni-based superalloys made use of sub-micrometer particles, such as oxides and borides, often produced by in-situ reactions. These are proposed solely as dislocation immobilizers, in a role comparable to that carried out by γ’ precipitates, while metal matrix composites (MMCs) containing micro-scale particles offer a load-transfer potential. To combine both approaches, a recently designed polycrystalline Ni-based γ’-strengthened superalloy reinforced with TiC particles was produced by low energy mixing of powders, followed by pressure sintering. The composite, along with a non-reinforced reference, was submitted to compression creep tests at 973 K (700 °C), with stresses varying from 280 to 500 MPa. Selected specimens had their microstructure evaluated with techniques such as EBSD and XRD. When simulating a working turbine, the material density influences directly the centripetal forces acting on a section of a turbine blade, and consequently the creep rates. In the proposed composite, not only an increase in the threshold stress by a load-transfer component was obtained, but also the density reduction affected remarkably the creep rates. Moreover, the presented MMC not only presented a superior creep resistance in relation to the non-reinforced alloy, but also exhibited higher stability of primary and secondary γ’ volumes after 500 h in creep tests. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2022.143821 SN - 1873-4936 SN - 0921-5093 VL - 854 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liang, Zhida A1 - Neumeier, Steffen A1 - Rao, Ziyuan A1 - Göken, Mathias A1 - Pyczak, Florian T1 - CALPHAD informed design of multicomponent CoNiCr-based superalloys exhibiting large lattice misfit and high yield stress T2 - Materials Science and Engineering: A, Structural materials N2 - Usually, Co-based superalloys contain a high fraction of W and/or Mo. The refractory elements stabilize the precipitate phase, but cause a high density. In this work, new L12-phase hardened, low-density CoNiCr-based superalloys were developed with the assistance of CALPHAD calculations. Several alloys were studied experimentally and their microstructures, elemental distributions, lattice parameters and the lattice misfit between the γ and γ′ phases were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, atom probe tomography and high energy X-ray diffraction. The alloys exhibit a very high misfit, good phase stability and excellent mechanical strength. It was found by hardness tests that a two-step heat treatment improves the strength of the new alloys even further. In comparison with conventional Co-based superalloys, Co–Al–W based superalloys and Co–Ti based superalloys, as well as Ni-based superalloys, i.e. Udimet 720Li, they have a low mass density and high yield stress. They also overcome the problem of a generally low lattice misfit of previous L12-phase hardened CoNiCr-based superalloys with high Ni and Cr contents. As a result, they show cuboidal-shaped precipitates similar to Co–Al–W and Co–Al–Mo based superalloys. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2022.143798 SN - 1873-4936 SN - 0921-5093 VL - 854 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Edo, Iwebuke A1 - Enoguanbhor, Evidence Chinedu A1 - Albrecht, Eike T1 - Change detection of the Upper Orashi forest wetland of Nigeria, using geospatial analysis T2 - International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment N2 - Wetland is an essential ecosystem that provides numerous goods and services such as tourism and recreation, water purification, and groundwater recharge. It also acts as a carbon sink, which means that it is an essential asset in reducing the level of greenhouse gases in the environment. Despite the value, wetlands are disappearing at a fast rate, however, the need to ascertain the state of Upper Orsahi forest reserve wetland with respect to wetlands change. To ascertain the net and transition change detection in the wetland area of the Upper Orashi Forest Wetland, land cover classification change was performed using Geographic Information Systems and Remote Sensing methods, particularly the supervised classification of land cover data for 2002, 2013, and 2019. The land cover was classified into three classes: wetland, thick vegetation and light vegetation. The result shows a significant degradation of the Upper Orashi forest reserve wetlands within the study period. The data from the questionnaire is to know which sector and activities in the area result in wetland loss. The result shows that industrial sector is the major driver of wetland loss in the area, while the activities include; building of industries, installation of oil and gas facilities, and agriculture. This means that the available laws used to manage Nigeria's wetlands are ineffective. However, there is an urgent need to enact a new regulation for effective/sustainable management of wetlands in the country. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.journalbinet.com/ijfee-volume-06.html SN - 2708-5430 VL - 06 IS - 01 SP - 235 EP - 244 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Enoguanbhor, Eveline Aggrey A1 - Enoguanbhor, Evidence Chinedu A1 - Albrecht, Eike T1 - Spatial Determinants of Forest Landscape Degradation in the Kilimanjaro World Heritage Site, Tanzania T2 - Central European Journal of Geography and Sustainable Development N2 - Forest degradation occurs in natural World Heritage Sites (WHS) in the Global South despite the implementation of various strategic policies and the World Heritage Convention (WHC) on forest protections of the sites and this poses challenges to improve natural heritage sustainability. The current study aims to investigate spatial determinants of forest degradation in the Kilimanjaro WHS, Tanzania, to support strategic policies for forest landscape protection and natural heritage sustainability. Using remotely sensed, Digital Elevation Model, and tourism location data, we performed the supervised classification of satellite images, Digital Elevation, Euclidean distance, and linear regression modeling to identify spatial determinants of forest degradation. Our key findings indicated that while spatial determinants vary with different locations, human (tourism) activities e.g., developments of campsites, picnics, tourist routes, the historical site, and attraction areas are associated with forest degradation in the southern parts of the site. In addition to human activities, natural factors such as low levels of elevation and degrees of slope are associated with forest degradation at the site. However, in the northwest and southwest of the site, high degrees of slope are associated with the degradation. Our findings showed that while bare land surface encroached the primary forest with about 2.88%, moorland vegetation encroached the primary forest with about 16.95%, indicating a large degradation of the primary forest with about 19.83% for the past four decades. The information provided in this study is crucial to support site managers and decision-makers in strategic policies and WHC implementations on forest protection for natural heritage sustainability. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.47246/CEJGSD.2022.4.2.1 SN - 2668-4322 VL - 4 IS - 2 SP - 5 EP - 23 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Song, Lin A1 - Appel, Fritz A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Zhanbing, He A1 - Junpin, Lin A1 - Tiebang, Zhang T1 - Characterization of primary, secondary and tertiary {202¯1}<1¯014> successive internal twins in the D019 ordered hexagonal α2-Ti3Al phase T2 - Acta Materialia N2 - Due to the lack of independent slip systems and the difficulty in mechanical twinning, D019 ordered α2-Ti3Al phase is known to be of substantial mechanical anisotropy, which partly accounts for the low ductility of two-phase (α2+γ) TiAl alloys. However, recent studies have shown that in Al-rich α2 phase compression deformation twins can be activated, which could be beneficial for the ductility of the alloys. In the present study, for the first time, we have revealed a novel internal twinning mechanism of α2 phase in a TiAl alloy deformed at high temperature. Three twin generations of a common type {202¯1}[removed] were revealed: Secondary twins formed within the primary twin, and tertiary twins formed in the secondary twin. It is important to note that this internal twin structure can only be observed in the [removed] direction but not the commonly used [removed] direction. The shear plane P of all twin variants is of type {12¯10}. Due to the variation of the twinning elements between the twin variants, the twinning shear is blunted. The interfaces between the twin variants are characterized by high-resolution electron microscopy. Special attention was paid to the structure of the coherent and incoherent twin boundaries. The effect of chemical ordering is discussed. Our results also shed light on the complex twinning mechanisms in hexagonal structures. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2021.117391 SN - 1873-2453 IS - 222 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Peng, Xu A1 - Ebel, Thomas A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Willumeit-Römer, Regine A1 - Sen, Yu T1 - Influence of defects on damage tolerance of Metal-Injection-Molded β titanium alloys under static and dynamic loading T2 - Powder Metallurgy N2 - The β titanium alloys are key materials in lightweight and biomedical applications, due to the combination of excellent biocompatibility and mechanical properties. However, the Binder-based Powder Technologies such as Metal-Injection-Molding (MIM), Binder-Jetting and Fused-Filament-Fabrication, normally introduce three major processing-related defects in the as-sintered Ti-parts: (i) residual porosity, (ii) high impurity level and (iii) coarse-grained structure. The previous studies revealed that these processing defects invariably tend to be even more severe in β titanium alloys than in α/β Ti-6Al-4V alloy, all fabricated by powder metallurgical route. In this work, these processing defects and their likely origins in MIM β titanium alloys are analysed. Furthermore, the influence of these defects on damage tolerance and fracture mechanisms of MIM β titanium alloys under either static or dynamic loading is investigated. Based on the studies, strategic technical improvements in the processing to improve the reliability of MIM β titanium alloys products are proposed. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/00325899.2022.2069077 SN - 1743-2901 VL - 65 IS - 5 SP - 354 EP - 364 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liang, Zhida A1 - Paul, Jonathan A1 - Stark, Andreas A1 - Bezold, Andreas A1 - Neumeier, Steffen A1 - Göken, Mathias A1 - Pyczak, Florian T1 - High-Temperature CoNi-Based Superalloys Strengthened by γ′-(Ni,Co)3(Cr,Al,Ti,X): The Effect of Refractory Elements T2 - Metallurgical and materials transactions. A, Physical metallurgy and materials science N2 - Recent research on Co-based and CoNi-based alloys revealed that the Co–Al–W-system provides interesting properties, however, the high content of W addition triggers high mass density of alloys which limits its industrial application. Therefore, new high temperature superalloys based on the Co–Ni–Al–Ti-system with high content Cr and strengthened by γ′-(Ni,Co)3(Cr,Al,Ti) precipitates, have been developed, and the effect of different refractory element additions was investigated. STEM-EDS and HEXRD were employed to determine the elemental partitioning behavior and the lattice misfit between the γ and γ′ phases. Ta and Nb strongly concentrate within the γ′ phase, whereas Mo weakly partitions to the γ phase. W distributes equally between the γ and γ′ phases. These new superalloys have an unexpectedly high positive misfit compared with some conventional Ni-based superalloys and Co-based superalloys. Nb and Ta additions increase the lattice misfit further, while Mo and W decrease the lattice misfit. The effect of refractory elements alloying on the yield stress at room temperature was evaluated by analyzing the contributions of different strengthening mechanisms. Alloying with Nb or Ta significantly improves precipitation strengthening by increasing the antiphase boundary energy. Mo has the highest solid solution strengthening effect in the γ phase, followed by W. Compared with some conventional Ni-based superalloys, the investigated new CoNi-based superalloys exhibited better mechanical properties at high temperature, which indicates that these compositionally complex alloys are possible candidates for high temperature applications. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-022-06795-y SN - 1543-1940 VL - 54 (2023) IS - 5 SP - 1620 EP - 1634 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tang, Yingchun A1 - Li, Wei A1 - Li, Changle A1 - Lu, Song A1 - Vitos, Levente A1 - Pyczak, Florian T1 - First-Principles Calculations of Elastic and Thermodynamic Properties for Multi-component Co-based Superalloys T2 - Metallurgical and materials transactions. A, Physical metallurgy and materials science N2 - First-principles calculations were performed to investigate the elastic and thermodynamic properties for multi-component Co-based superalloy systems and explored the effect of alloying on stabilizing the γ′ phase. First, the comparisons were carried out for the γ′ phase in Co3(Al,TM) (TM being transition metals) and Ni3Al systems between the present computational results using the EMTO-CPA method and other available DFT calculations as well as experimental data. The lattice parameters, elastic constants, and Debye temperatures are consistent with experimental results and other calculations. The predicted thermodynamic properties, e.g., the Gibbs free energy, excess entropy, and linear thermal expansion coefficient, agree well with CALPHAD results, experimental results, and other available first-principles calculations. A combination of EMTO-CPA method and Debye–Grüneisen model is utilized in this work to ensure that the alloying effect on the stability of the γ′ phase in a multi-component Co-based system is captured efficiently. This could open the path for designing novel multi-component Co-based alloys based on first-principles calculation. To demonstrate this, predictions for the properties of multicomponent systems were undertaken. Our results show that Ni aids in the stabilization of the (CoNi)3(Al, Mo, Nb) phase. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-022-06891-z SN - 1543-1940 VL - 54 (2023) IS - 5 SP - 1635 EP - 1648 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Distl, Benedikt A1 - Hauschildt, Katja A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Stein, Frank T1 - Phase Equilibria in the Ti-Rich Part of the Ti-Al-Nb System—Part II: High-Temperature Phase Equilibria Between 1000 and 1300 °C T2 - Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion N2 - The knowledge of phase equilibria in the Ti-Al-Nb system above 1000 °C is of importance for the manufacturing of TiAl-based parts for high-temperature structural applications. Especially the extended homogeneity range of the cubic (βTi,Nb) phase, which is determined by its Al solubility, and the position and extension of the high-temperature (αTi) phase is of crucial importance for the hot-workability and microstructure control of these alloys. However, the phase diagrams reported in the literature are very contradicting especially regarding these aspects. For this reason, a systematic reinvestigation of the phase equilibria in this part of the system was carried out. A total of 17 ternary alloys were synthesized, heat-treated at 1000-1300 °C, and analyzed by electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), x-ray diffraction (XRD), high-energy XRD (HEXRD), and differential thermal analysis (DTA) to determine composition and type of equilibrium phases as well as transition temperatures. With this information, isothermal sections of the Ti-rich part of the Ti-Al-Nb system at 1000, 1100, 1200, and 1300 °C were established. An isolated (βTi,Nb)o phase field is found to be stable at 1000 and 1100 °C. Furthermore, the formation and homogeneity range of (αTi) at high temperatures as well as the presence of Ti3Al at 1200 °C is experimentally investigated and discussed. Based on the observed phase equilibria and transition temperatures, an improved reaction scheme for the entire Ti-Al-Nb system is proposed. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-022-00999-w SN - 1863-7345 VL - 43 IS - 5 SP - 554 EP - 575 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liu, Xu A1 - Song, Lin A1 - Liu, Tong A1 - Stark, Andreas A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - He, Zhanbing A1 - Lin, Junpin A1 - Zhang, Tiebang T1 - In- and ex-situ study of the deformation behavior of the βo(ωo) phase in a Ti4Al3Nb alloy during high-temperature compression T2 - Journal of Alloys and Compounds N2 - In-situ synchrotron-based high energy X-ray diffraction (HEXRD) and ex-situ Gleeble tests were conducted to investigate the deformation behavior of the βo(ωo) phase in a Ti4Al3Nb alloy. In samples compressed at 600 and 800 °C, the brittle ωo phase deforms mostly elastically, resulting in the failure of the Ti4Al3Nb alloy by premature fracture. In a sample deformed at 900 °C, the ωo phase mostly transforms into the βo phase under uniaxial loading. Moreover, the ductility of a Ti4Al3Nb alloy is largely enhanced at this temperature. In a sample deformed at 1000 °C, dynamic recrystallization (DRX) of the βo phase extensively takes place. Direction 1 (D1) and Direction 2 (D2) deviating from the loading direction with an angle of 65° ± 5° and 15° ± 5° are selected to analyze the lattice strain evolution of (110)βo lattice planes. At the late stage of macro strain hardening, deformed[removed]βo//D1 oriented grains bear a higher load due to the occurrence of DRX in[removed]βo//D2 oriented grains. Subsequently, DRX continues in[removed]βo//D1 oriented βo grains. The coordinated deformation of βo grains ensures the good deformability of a Ti4Al3Nb alloy at 1000 °C. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2022.165626 SN - 0925-8388 VL - 918 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Li, Longjun A1 - Wang, Li A1 - Liang, Zhida A1 - He, Junyang A1 - Qiu, Jingwen A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Song, Min T1 - Effects of Ni and Cr on the high-temperature oxidation behavior and mechanisms of Co- and CoNi-base superalloys T2 - Materials and Design N2 - The high-temperature oxidation behaviors of Co- and CoNi-base alloys with different Ni and Cr additions were investigated by isothermal oxidation in air at 900 and 1000 °C. The structure, composition, and element distribution in the three layers within the oxide scales in different alloys have been explored in detail by electron microscopy, especially with regard to the fine oxide particles in the intermediate layer. Based on the microstructure and phase constitution of the oxide scales, the synergetic effects of alloying elements on the oxidation mechanisms and resistance have been elucidated in detail with the aid of CALPHAD calculation. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2022.111291 SN - 1873-4197 VL - 224 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liang, Zhida A1 - Lilleodden, Erica A1 - Ovri, Henry A1 - Pyczak, Florian T1 - Surface Recrystallization in a Co-Based Superalloy During High Temperature Exposure T2 - Metallurgical and materials transactions. A, Physical metallurgy and materials science N2 - The effect of grinding on static recrystallization and oxidation of a novel Co-based superalloy has been studied. The evolution of surface recrystallization after heat treating at 850 °C in air was revealed by comparing ground specimens with electropolished ones. The loss of Al and Ti from the bulk material leads to the formation of a γ′-free region and further promotes recrystallization at the surface. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-022-06852-6 SN - 1543-1940 VL - 53 IS - 12 SP - 4156 EP - 4160 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shang, Yuanyuan A1 - Liu, Shaofei A1 - Liang, Zhida A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Lei, Zhifeng A1 - Heidenreich, Tim A1 - Schöckel, Alexander A1 - Kai, Ji-jung A1 - Gizer, Gökhan A1 - Dornheim, Martin A1 - Klassen, Thomas T1 - Developing sustainable FeTi alloys for hydrogen storage by recycling T2 - Communications Materials N2 - Intermetallic alloys such as FeTi have attracted ever-growing attention as a safe and efficient hydrogen storage medium. However, the utilization of high-purity metals for the synthesis of such materials poses considerable concerns over the environmental sustainability of their large-scale production. Here, we report an approach for synthesizing FeTi from industrial scraps of iron (steels C45 and 316 L) and titanium (Ti alloy Grade 2) to reduce the carbon footprint associated with FeTi alloy synthesis, without compromising their hydrogen storage properties. At 50 °C and a pressure of 0 to 100 bar, the alloys obtained by using C45-Ti Grade 2 and 316L-Ti Grade 2 can absorb a maximum amount of hydrogen of 1.61 wt.% and 1.50 wt.%, respectively. Moreover, depending on the type of steel utilized, the thermodynamic properties can be modified. Our findings pave a pathway for developing high-performance, environmentally-sustainable FeTi alloys for hydrogen storage purposes using industrial metal wastes. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s43246-022-00324-5 SN - 2662-4443 VL - 3 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meyer, Antoine A1 - Yoshikawa, Harunori A1 - Szabo, Peter A1 - Meier, Martin A1 - Egbers, Christoph A1 - Mutabazi, Innocent T1 - Thermoelectric instabilities in a circular Couette flow T2 - Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society. Series A, Mathematical, physical and engineering sciences Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2022.0139 SN - 1471-2962 SN - 1364-503X VL - 381 IS - 2243 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Retkowski, Alexandra A1 - Sierra Barra, Sebastian T1 - Das Ontische und das Gesellschaftliche - eine Diskussion der Herausforderungen der Ansätze der sogenannten New Materialism für die Soziale Arbeit T2 - Zeitschrift für Sozialpädagogik KW - Anthropozän KW - Soziale Arbeit KW - Neuer Materialismus Y1 - 2022 SN - 1610-2339 VL - 20 IS - 4 SP - 517 EP - 542 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Killat, Dirk A1 - Ulmann, Bernd A1 - Köppel, Sven T1 - Hybrid integrators with predictive overload estimation for analog computers and continuous-time ΔΣ modulators T2 - Advances in Radio Science Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/ars-21-89-2023 SN - 1684-9973 VL - 21 SP - 89 EP - 100 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Takam, Paul Honoré A1 - Wunderlich, Ralf A1 - Menoukeu Pamen, Olivier T1 - Modeling and simulation of the input–output behavior of a geothermal energy storage T2 - Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/mma.9661 SN - 0170-4214 SN - 1099-1476 VL - 47 IS - 1 SP - 371 EP - 396 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shamilyan, Oxana A1 - Kabin, Ievgen A1 - Dyka, Zoya A1 - Sudakov, Oleksandr A1 - Cherninskyi, Andrii A1 - Brzozowski, Marcin A1 - Langendörfer, Peter T1 - Intelligence and Motion Models of Continuum Robots: an Overview T2 - IEEE Access N2 - Many technical solutions are bio-inspired. Octopus-inspired robotic arms belong to continuum robots which are used in minimally invasive surgery or for technical system restoration in areas difficult-to-access. Continuum robot missions are bounded with their motions, whereby the motion of the robots is controlled by humans via wireless communication. In case of a lost connection, robot autonomy is required. Distributed control and distributed decision-making mechanisms based on artificial intelligence approaches can be a promising solution to achieve autonomy of technical systems and to increase their resilience. However these methods are not well investigated yet. Octopuses are the living example of natural distributed intelligence but their learning and decision-making mechanisms are also not fully investigated and understood yet. Our major interest is investigating mechanisms of Distributed Artificial Intelligence as a basis for improving resilience of complex systems. We decided to use a physical continuum robot prototype that is able to perform some basic movements for our research. The idea is to research how a technical system can be empowered to combine movements into sequences of motions by itself. For the experimental investigations a suitable physical prototype has to be selected, its motion control has to be implemented and automated. In this paper, we give an overview combining different fields of research, such as Distributed Artificial Intelligence and continuum robots based on 98 publications. We provide a detailed description of the basic motion control models of continuum robots based on the literature reviewed, discuss different aspects of autonomy and give an overview of physical prototypes of continuum robots. KW - Robots KW - Artificial intelligence KW - Resilience KW - Continuum robots Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3286300 SN - 2169-3536 IS - 11 SP - 60988 EP - 61003 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Alsabbagh, Wael A1 - Langendörfer, Peter T1 - Security of Programmable Logic Controllers and Related Systems: Today and Tomorrow T2 - IEEE Open Journal of the Industrial Electronics Society N2 - Programmable logic controllers (PLCs) are indispensable in critical infrastructures and industrial control systems. The increasing demand for enhanced cost-effectiveness and production efficiency has driven automation manufacturers to integrate PLC-based applications and systems with external networks, such as Internet. Unfortunately, this connectivity has exposed systems to potential malicious attacks from motivated adversaries. Addressing this pressing issue necessitates a comprehensive summary of ongoing research related to PLCs and their related systems. This summary should classify these systems based on disclosed vulnerabilities, potential threats, and proposed security solutions, catering to both scientists and industrial engineers. While several recent surveys have reviewed and discussed PLC security and related topics, they often fell short of covering all essential aspects comprehensively. Furthermore, prior surveys tended to focus on analyzing vulnerabilities at the system level, overlooking the vulnerabilities specific to PLCs themselves. Consequently, their findings failed to effectively secure current operational systems or propose improved solutions for future PLC designs. In this article, we bridge this research gap by providing a detailed review of all aspects concerning the security of PLCs and related systems. This includes vulnerabilities, potential attacks, and security solutions including digital forensics. We aim to offer a precise analysis, addressing the shortcomings of previous studies. Finally, we conclude this article by presenting our recommendations tailored for PLC manufacturers, researchers, and engineers. We hope that these recommendations will contribute to the development of more secure PLCs in the future. KW - Digital forensics KW - Programmable logic devices KW - Cyberattacks KW - Cybersecurity KW - Microprogramming Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIES.2023.3335976 SN - 2644-1284 IS - 4 SP - 659 EP - 693 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Behrensen, Birgit T1 - Die professionelle Haltung in Zeiten von Fluchtzuwanderung: Erfahrungen mit einer dialogisch angelegten Ringvorlesung am Institut für Soziale Arbeit der BTU Cottbus-Senftenberg T2 - Das Hochschulwesen: Forum für Hochschulforschung. -praxis und -politik KW - Hochschullehre KW - Fluchtzuwanderung Y1 - 2019 SN - 0018-2974 VL - 67 IS - 4+5 SP - 110 EP - 111 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lehniger, Kai A1 - Langendörfer, Peter T1 - Window Canaries: Re-Thinking Stack Canaries for Architectures With Register Windows T2 - IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing N2 - his paper presents Window Canaries, a novel approach to Stack Canaries for architectures with a register window that protects return addresses and stack pointers without the need of adding additional instruction to each potentially vulnerable function. Instead, placement and check of the canary word is moved to window exception handlers that are responsible to handle register window overflows and underflows. The approach offers low performance overhead while guaranteeing that return addresses are protected by stack buffer overflows without relying on a heuristic that decides which functions to instrument. The contributions of this paper are a complete implementation of the approach for the Xtensa LX architecture with register window option as well as a performance evaluation and discussion of advantages and drawbacks. KW - Buffer overflows KW - Computer architecture KW - stack canaries KW - Xtensa architecture Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TDSC.2022.3230748 SN - 1941-0018 SN - 1545-5971 VL - 20 IS - 6 SP - 4637 EP - 4647 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wendland, David A1 - Cuevas, Karla A1 - Winnefeld, Frank A1 - Stephan, Dietmar T1 - Chemical, Mineralogical and Mechanical Characterization of Ancient Roman Concrete and Mortar: A Review T2 - International Journal of Architectural Heritage Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/15583058.2023.2256259 SN - 1558-3066 SP - 1 EP - 25 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Enoguanbhor, Evidence Chinedu A1 - Chukwurah, Gladys A1 - Enoguanbhor, Eveline Aggrey A1 - John-Nsa, Chioma A1 - Isimah, Matthew Ogorchukwu A1 - Edo, Iwebuke A1 - Achenui, Robert A1 - Matemilola, Saheed A1 - Fotang, Chefor A1 - Ijioma, Uche Dickson A1 - Ibrahim, Esther Shupel T1 - Evaluating urban land-use demarcation and implementation for various urban functions using GIS and survey-based data: The case of Abuja City, Nigeria T2 - Town and Regional Planning N2 - Urban planning implementation is a crucial process of urban planning to improve, attain, and maintain urban sustainability globally. However, the implementation process for land use demarcated for various urban functions is being confronted by various challenges in the Global South. This study aims to integrate questionnaire surveys of urban and regional planning experts and Geographic Information Systems (GIS), in order to investigate the level of urban planning implementation of land use demarcated for various urban functions to support strategic actions for urban sustainability. Using Abuja, Nigeria, as a case study, an urban plan, urban impervious surface map, and questionnaire data were collected, and an integrated method analysis, including qualitative and quantitative (descriptive, Euclidean Distance Modelling, and Linear Regression Modelling) was deployed. Key findings show that the vast majority of experts in urban and regional planning perceive the implementation of all land use for various urban functions to be between moderate and very high levels, except that of industrial land use perceived to be between moderate and low levels. GIS findings show that, while land uses demarcated for transportation, commercial, educational, and institutional functions are positively and significantly associated with the urban impervious surface, industrial land use and urban green spaces are negatively associated. Findings show that abuse of official privileges by distorting master plans, political interference, compromise by public servants, and inadequate funding are key challenges for urban planning implementation on land use demarcated for various urban functions. The findings in this study are crucial for strategic decision makers in urban planning to improve the implementation process for various urban land-use functions and urban sustainability in the Global South, in general, and in sub-Saharan Africa, in particular. KW - demarcation KW - land-use functions KW - urban sustainability KW - urban impervious surface KW - urban plan KW - GIS KW - land use KW - sub-Saharan Africa KW - Global South Y1 - 2023 UR - https://journals.ufs.ac.za/index.php/trp/article/view/7436 U6 - https://doi.org/10.38140/trp.v83i.7436 SN - 2415-0495 IS - 83 SP - 45 EP - 56 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Thewes, Christoph A1 - Sept, Ariane A1 - Richter, Ralph T1 - A voluntary divide? Exploring the role of digitalisation in German rural volunteering T2 - European Countryside N2 - Rural communities have experienced significant changes in their social, economic and demographic structures, leading to an increased importance of volunteering. Such activities are related to traditional association structures, which seem to be declining in popularity. One of the current hopes for strengthening rural volunteering is digitalisation. This article examines the extent to which digitalisation has found its way into volunteering and how this is related to rural areas. It summarises the discourses on volunteering, rural areas and digitalisation and introduces a mixed-methods approach at the organisational level. Based on a nationwide survey and in-depth interviews with volunteers and experts, we present a digitalisation index to illustrate that digitalisation has found its way into rural volunteering, but not to the same extent everywhere. We suggest that the sparse use of distance-bridging digital tools is due to structural peculiarities of rural voluntary organisations rather than stereotypical rural backwardness. KW - Digitalisation KW - Voluntary work KW - Rural areas KW - Mixed-Methods KW - Associations Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2478/euco-2024-0004 SN - 1803-8417 VL - 16 IS - 1 SP - 43 EP - 63 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Thewes, Christoph T1 - Asking Volunteers: Pitfalls and Solutions for Surveying Voluntary Organisations in Germany T2 - Survey Methods: Insights from the Field N2 - Volunteering is seen as an effective way to address a wide range of issues that are present in modern societies, in particular in rural areas. In order to gain insight into the current state of volunteering, a survey was carried out with the aim of providing an inventory of the digitalisation of volunteering and addressing the influence of spatiality in this context. This article examines the traditional data collection methods of surveys that have been used in the past to collect information on volunteering and presents a different sampling procedure based on a random sample of municipalities, due to insufficient data available from official authorities. Finally, the article discusses the results of the survey and analyses how the unique sampling procedure differs from previous approaches. The comparison with a larger survey shows that the different sampling methods produce largely identical results, at least for the central variable of organisational area. As long as no structured data are available from the public authorities, there will always be a trade-off with regard to sampling strategies and the method of contact when doing research on volunteering organisations KW - Associations KW - Register data KW - Rural areas KW - survey methods KW - Voluntary work Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.13094/SMIF-2024-00004 SN - 2296-4754 VL - 2 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Johannes A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin T1 - Trajectory optimization for arbitrary layered geometries in wire-arc additive manufacturing T2 - Optimization and Engineering Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11081-023-09813-z SN - 1573-2924 VL - 25 SP - 529 EP - 553 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gnegel, Fabian A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin T1 - Branch-and-refine for solving time-expanded MILP formulations T2 - Computers & Operations Research Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cor.2022.106043 SN - 1873-765X SN - 0305-0548 VL - Vol. 149 SP - 1 EP - 15 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Johannes A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin T1 - A two-time-level model for mission and flight planning of an inhomogeneous fleet of unmanned aerial vehicles T2 - Computational Optimization and Applications Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10589-023-00450-x SN - 1573-2894 SN - 1389-4420 VL - 85 IS - 1 SP - 293 EP - 335 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Giani, Braga A1 - Benevenuti, Fabio A1 - Gonçalves, Marcio M. A1 - Hübner, Michael A1 - Brandalero, Marcelo A1 - Kastensmidt, Fernanda A1 - Azambuja, Jose Rodrigo T1 - Evaluating softcore GPU in SRAM-based FPGA under radiation-induced effects T2 - Microelectronics Reliability Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microrel.2021.114348 SN - 0026-2714 SN - 1872-941X VL - 126 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wall, Franziska A1 - Schenk, Hermann A. G. A1 - Melnikov, Anton A1 - Kaiser, Bert A1 - Schenk, Harald T1 - A non-destructive electro-acoustic method to characterize the pull-in voltage of electrostatic actuators T2 - Nonlinear Dynamics N2 - For electrostatic actuators, the pull-in marks an upper limit for the operation range. Once reached, the electrodes come into contact and are shorted without further protection. A non-destructive measurement technique to predict this failure mode is of high interest to allow, e.g. fabrication monitoring or reliability studies. To this end, we develop a surprisingly simple nonlinear lumped parameter model (LPM) for a rather complex electrostatic actuator, designed for an in-ear loudspeaker application. It turns out that a single degree-of-freedom model with only one parameter is sufficient. Our key approach is to experimentally determine this free model parameter by analysing harmonic distortions at low frequencies. Harmonic distortions are a very sensitive tool for nonlinearities. Our method is suggested by simulations with a 2D stationary finite element method (FEM), demonstrating how the analysis of harmonic distortions for voltages far below the pull-in can predict not only the DC pull-in but also the quasi-static AC pull-in voltages at different working points. The distortion analysis of electrostatic actuator ensembles therefore seems a viable route for their non-destructive characterization in the nonlinear domain. KW - Pull-in KW - Electrostatic actuator KW - Microspeaker KW - Harmonic distortions Y1 - 2023 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11071-023-08811-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-023-08811-1 SN - 1573-269X SN - 0924-090X VL - 111 IS - 19 SP - 17809 EP - 17818 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Tim Sebastian A1 - Grüger, Lennart A1 - Woll, Ralf T1 - Additive Manufacturing: A Step-by-Step Guide T2 - Industry 4.0 Science N2 - New technologies have enabled additive manufacturing to construct components layer by layer using 3D model data. Machinery requirements for this are minimal, entailing only a welding device for energy input and a guiding machine to shape the component. Though there are clear benefits to the process, such as the cost-effective technology and high deposition rates, the complex interactions involved must receive due consideration. KW - process visualization KW - Additive Manufacturing KW - Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing KW - WAAM KW - Structured Analysis and Design Technique KW - SADT KW - welding KW - manufacturing KW - metal components KW - slicing KW - arc welding KW - deposition rate KW - machining centers KW - wire feed rate Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.30844/I4SE.23.1.80 SN - 2942-6162 IS - 1 SP - 80 EP - 88 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Claus, Sylvia T1 - «Eviva Futurista !». Kunstdiskurse im expressinistischen Berlin T2 - Expressionismus KW - Expressionismus KW - Futurismus KW - Literatur KW - Architektur Y1 - 2023 SN - 2363-5592 VL - 17 SP - 40 EP - 59 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lehniger, Kai A1 - Langendörfer, Peter T1 - Through the Window: Exploitation and Countermeasures of the ESP32 Register Window Overflow T2 - Future Internet N2 - With the increasing popularity of IoT (Internet-of-Things) devices, their security becomes an increasingly important issue. Buffer overflow vulnerabilities have been known for decades, but are still relevant, especially for embedded devices where certain security measures cannot be implemented due to hardware restrictions or simply due to their impact on performance. Therefore, many buffer overflow detection mechanisms check for overflows only before critical data are used. All data that an attacker could use for his own purposes can be considered critical. It is, therefore, essential that all critical data are checked between writing a buffer and its usage. This paper presents a vulnerability of the ESP32 microcontroller, used in millions of IoT devices, that is based on a pointer that is not protected by classic buffer overflow detection mechanisms such as Stack Canaries or Shadow Stacks. This paper discusses the implications of vulnerability and presents mitigation techniques, including a patch, that fixes the vulnerability. The overhead of the patch is evaluated using simulation as well as an ESP32-WROVER-E development board. We showed that, in the simulation with 32 general-purpose registers, the overhead for the CoreMark benchmark ranges between 0.1% and 0.4%. On the ESP32, which uses an Xtensa LX6 core with 64 general-purpose registers, the overhead went down to below 0.01%. A worst-case scenario, modeled by a synthetic benchmark, showed overheads up to 9.68%. KW - Xtensa KW - Buffer overflow KW - return-oriented prgramming Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/fi15060217 SN - 1999-5903 VL - 15 IS - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rosen, Christian A1 - Gribat, Nina T1 - Comparing Hybrid Urbanisms in the Global South: Water Delivery Configurations in Peru and Ghana T2 - Urban Planning Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.17645/up.v8i4.7155 SN - 2183-7635 N1 - Titel Heft Nr. 4: Between the “Structural” and the “Everyday”: Bridging Macro and Micro Perspectives in Comparative Urban Research VL - 8 IS - 4 SP - 340 EP - 350 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reuter, Marvin A1 - Diehl, Katharina A1 - Richter, Matthias A1 - Sundmacher, Leonie A1 - Hövener, Claudia A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Dragano, Nico T1 - A longitudinal analysis of health inequalities from adolescence to young adulthood and their underlying causes T2 - Advances in Lifecourse Research N2 - Research suggests that children of low-educated parents face greater health burdens during the passage from adolescence to young adulthood, as they are more likely to become low-educated themselves, establish behavioural and psychosocial disadvantages, or being exposed to unhealthy working conditions. However, studies examining the development and drivers of health inequalities during this particular life stage are limited in number and have produced varied results. This study investigates trajectories of self-rated health and overweight from 14 to 25 years of age, stratified by parental education, and explores the role of potential mediators (educational achievement, health behaviours, psychosocial factors, working conditions). We rely on prospective cohort data from the National Educational Panel Study (NEPS), a representative sample of 14,981 German ninth graders interviewed yearly from 2011 to 2021 (n = 90,096 person-years). First, we estimated random-effects growth curves for self-rated health and overweight over participants’ age and calculated the average marginal effect of high versus low parental education. Second, a series of simulation-based mediation analyses were performed to test how much of health inequalities were explained by children’s educational attainment (years of school education, years in university), health behaviours (smoking, alcohol, physical inactivity), psychosocial factors (number of grade repetitions, years in unemployment, chronic stress, self-esteem) and working conditions (physical and psychosocial job demands). We accounted for potential confounding by controlling for age, sex, migration background, residential area, household composition, and interview mode. Results show that higher parental education was related to higher self-rated health and lower probabilities of being overweight. Interaction between parental education and age indicated that, after some equalisation in late adolescence, health inequalities increased in young adulthood. Furthermore, educational attainment, health behaviours, psychosocial factors, and early-career working conditions played a significant role in mediating health inequalities. Of the variables examined, the level of school education and years spent in university were particular strong mediating factors. School education accounted for around one-third of the inequalities in self-rated health and one-fifth of the differences in overweight among individuals. Results support the idea that the transition to adulthood is a sensitive period in life and that early socio-economic adversity increases the likelihood to accumulate health disadvantages in multiple dimensions. In Germany, a country with comparatively low educational mobility, intergenerational continuities in class location seem to play a key role in the explanation of health inequalities in youth. KW - Health Inequalities KW - Adolescence KW - School to work transition KW - Socio-economic position Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1569490924000042?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.alcr.2024.100593 SN - 1879-6974 VL - Vol. 59 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Efremenko, Yulia A1 - Laroussi, Arwa A1 - Sengül, Akant A1 - Corley-Wiciak, Agnieszka Anna A1 - Fischer, Inga Anita A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Deposition of Polymers on Titanium Nitride Electrodes T2 - Coatings N2 - The application of titanium nitride (TiN) as an electrode for electrochemical deposition or characterization requires the removal of an insulating layer from its surface. This process was studied and optimized, and the conditions for the complete removal of this layer through treatment with oxalic acid were formulated. The obtained TiN surfaces were used for the deposition of various conducting and non-conducting polymers. Two different approaches were applied: (i) in situ electrochemical synthesis of the main classes of conducting polymers, including polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, and selected derivatives thereof, and (ii) electrostatically driven layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition of multilayers of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes. The deposited polymers were characterized by electrochemical methods. The electrochemical properties of the deposited conducting polymers and their deposition on the TiN surface were comparable to those of the metallic electrodes. The films produced via LbL deposition exhibited a pronounced influence of the charge of the last deposited polymer on the redox reaction of ferri/ferrocyanide, validating the charge alteration with each successive polymer layer deposition. The studied deposition technologies can be used for the modification of TiN surfaces required in applications of this material in chemical sensors and other devices. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings14020215 SN - 2079-6412 VL - 14 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Druzynski von Boetticher, Alexandra T1 - Der große Baukasten – Fertighäuser aus Kupfer in Eberswalde T2 - Architectura : Zeitschrift für Geschichte der Baukunst Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/atc-2021-1003 SN - 2569-1554 VL - 51 IS - 1 SP - 2 EP - 28 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey A1 - El Bari, Hassan A1 - Kalibe Fanezoune, Casimir A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Majozi, Thokozani A1 - Elhenawy, Yasser A1 - Bayssi, Oussama A1 - Hirt, Ayoub A1 - Peixinho, Jorge A1 - Dhahak, Asma A1 - Gadalla, Mamdouh A. A1 - Khashaba, Nourhan H. A1 - Ashour, Fatma T1 - Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Lignocellulosic Biomass: Recent Advances and Comprehensive Overview T2 - Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis N2 - Using biomass as a renewable resource to produce biofuels and high-value chemicals through fast pyrolysis offers significant application value and wide market possibilities, especially in light of the current energy and environmental constraints. Bio-oil from fast-pyrolysis has various conveniences over raw biomass, including simpler transportation and storage and a higher energy density. The catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) is a complex technology which is affected by several parameters, mainly the biomass type, composition, and the interaction between components, process operation, catalysts, reactor types, and production scale or pre-treatment techniques. Nevertheless, due to its complicated makeup, high water and oxygen presence, low heating value, unstable nature, elevated viscosity, corrosiveness, and insolubility within conventional fuels, crude bio-oil has drawbacks. In this context, catalysts are added to reactor to decrease activation energy, substitute the output composition, and create valuable compounds and higher-grade fuels. The study aim is to explore the suitability of lignocellulosic biomasses as an alternative feedstock in CFP for the optimization of bio-oil production. Furthermore, we provide an up-to-date review of the challenges in bio-oil production from CFP, including the factors and parameters that affect its production and the effect of used catalysis on its quality and yield. In addition, this work describes the advanced upgrading methods and applications used for products from CFP, the modeling and simulation of the CFP process, and the application of life cycle assessment. The complicated fluid dynamics and heat transfer mechanisms that take place during the pyrolysis process have been better understood due to the use of CFD modeling in studies on biomass fast pyrolysis. Zeolites have been reported for their superior performance in bio-oil upgrading. Indeed, Zeolites as catalyses have demonstrated significant catalytic effects in boosting dehydration and cracking process, resulting in the production of final liquid products with elevated H/C ratios and small C/O ratios. Combining ex-situ and in-situ catalytic pyrolysis can leverage the benefits of both approaches. Recent studies recommend more and more the development of pyrolysis-based bio-refinery processes where these approaches are combined in an optimal way, considering sustainable and circular approaches. KW - Catalytic fast pyrolysis KW - Lignocellulosic Biomass KW - Bio-Oil KW - Modelling Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2024.106390 SN - 0165-2370 VL - Vol. 178 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hannan, Azmin Nasrin A1 - Seidlitz, Holger A1 - Müller, Marco A1 - Krenz, Jonas T1 - Investigations of technical challenges in compounding of recycled carbon fibers T2 - Zarzadzanie Przedsiebiorstwem. Enterprise Management N2 - Carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) owing to its excellent properties have found its extensive application in various fields ranging from medical to automobile and aerospace industries. This has thereby led to ever-increasing demand of carbon fiber production and as well as resulting in tonnes of carbon fiber wastes in the landfills [5]. Due to the high positive impacts of using carbon fibers, the energy intensive and cost intensive production of virgin fibers and the growing landfills are often overlooked. Hence, the need for recycling and repurposing of carbon fiber wastes have gained the significance at present day. Although various recycling technologies have been developed yet, various challenges are faced with processing of recycled carbon fibers (rCF). Besides, the desired application specific properties are not compromised for high cost and high-energy requirement. Therefore, an overall development of processing rCF is sought from not only a sustainability point but also an economic point. Various efficient recycling technologies are currently operating. The challenges arises in commercializing the recycled fibers after the recycling process. The recycled fibers often require various post-processing of fibers and undergoes fiber degradation. This induces a skeptical mindset for the buyers to introduce the recycled fibers in the material ecosystem. This paper currently discusses the processing challenges of long rCF in a compounding plant. To form a closed loop, the recycled fibers are obtained from the novel thermocatalytic degassing process from the CFRP recycling pioneers in Germany, Global EnerTec AG, Guben. This plant in Guben not only recycles carbon fibers from automotive CFRP wastes but also repurposes the epoxy matrices into secondary energy sources. This paper focuses in investigating the processing of rCF obtained from a 100% recycling technology. The aim is to investigate the possible technical challenges so that the rCF can be repurposed to new product manufacturing. Thereby, addressing the concerns with the development of closed loop circular economy in recycling CFRP wastes. KW - CFRP KW - rCF KW - recycling KW - circular economy KW - compounding KW - carbon fibers Y1 - 2023 UR - https://zp.ptzp.org.pl/ZPEM_26_2-2023.html U6 - https://doi.org/10.25961/ent.manag.26.01.03 SN - 1643-4773 VL - 26 IS - 2 SP - 7 EP - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Beisembek, Alisher A1 - Dimchevska Sazdovska, Simona A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Separation of shifts in surface plasmon resonance into refractive index and thickness of deposited layers T2 - Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical N2 - Routine Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) measurements, which are widely applied in affinity (bio)sensors and surface science, do not allow one to separate the obtained SPR signals into the change of the refractive index and thickness of deposited layers. For thin layers the signal is proportional to the product of the layer thickness and the difference in the refractive indices of this layer and of the aqueous media. In this study, we suggest an approach to separate these parameters. It is performed by subsequent measurements in the presence and in the absence of polyethylene glycol (PEG), an inert additive which modifies the refractive index of the liquid phase but do not penetrate into the adsorbed layer. Both parameters were successively determined for human serum albumin (HSA) as well as for anti-HSA IgG in three different settings: i) HSA adsorbed directly onto a gold surface, ii) HSA chemically immobilized on a gold surface coated with a self-assembled monolayer of 1,16 mercaptohexadecanoic acid and iii) chemically immobilized HSA with additional monomolecular layer of anti- HSA IgG antibodies bond to this protein layer. The suggested approach can be applied in most SPR devices with a flow cell for analysis of various adsorbed layers. KW - Surface plasmon resonance KW - Thin layer thickness KW - Refractive index measurement Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2023.134606 SN - 1873-3077 SN - 0925-4005 VL - 396 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lechowski, Bartlomiej A1 - Kutukova, Kristina A1 - Grenzer, Joerg A1 - Panchenko, Iuliana A1 - Krueger, Peter A1 - Clausner, Andre A1 - Zschech, Ehrenfried T1 - Laboratory X-ray Microscopy of 3D Nanostructures in the Hard X-ray Regime Enabled by a Combination of Multilayer X-ray Optics T2 - Nanomaterials N2 - High-resolution imaging of buried metal interconnect structures in advanced microelectronic products with full-field X-ray microscopy is demonstrated in the hard X-ray regime, i.e., at photon energies > 10 keV. The combination of two multilayer optics—a side-by-side Montel (or nested Kirkpatrick–Baez) condenser optic and a high aspect-ratio multilayer Laue lens—results in an asymmetric optical path in the transmission X-ray microscope. This optics arrangement allows the imaging of 3D nanostructures in opaque objects at a photon energy of 24.2 keV (In-Kα X-ray line). Using a Siemens star test pattern with a minimal feature size of 150 nm, it was proven that features < 150 nm can be resolved. In-Kα radiation is generated from a Ga-In alloy target using a laboratory X-ray source that employs the liquid-metal-jet technology. Since the penetration depth of X-rays into the samples is significantly larger compared to 8 keV photons used in state-of-the-art laboratory X-ray microscopes (Cu-Kα radiation), 3D-nanopattered materials and structures can be imaged nondestructively in mm to cm thick samples. This means that destructive de-processing, thinning or cross-sectioning of the samples are not needed for the visualization of interconnect structures in microelectronic products manufactured using advanced packaging technologies. The application of laboratory transmission X-ray microscopy in the hard X-ray regime is demonstrated for Cu/Cu6Sn5/Cu microbump interconnects fabricated using solid–liquid interdiffusion (SLID) bonding. KW - X-ray microscopy KW - high-resolution radiography KW - nanostructure KW - advanced packaging Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14020233 SN - 2079-4991 VL - 14 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Amherd Hidalgo, Alexandra A1 - Ebel, Thomas A1 - Frykholm, Robert A1 - Carreño-Morelli, Efraín A1 - Pyczak, Florian T1 - High-oxygen MIM Ti-6Al-7Nb: Microstructure, tensile and fatigue properties T2 - Materials Today Communication Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtcomm.2022.104982 SN - 2352-4928 VL - Vol. 34 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gabrisch, Heike A1 - Janovská, Michaela A1 - Rackel, Marcus W. A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Stark, Andreas T1 - Impact of microstructure on elastic properties in the alloy Ti-42Al-8.5 Nb T2 - Journal of Alloys and Compounds Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2022.167578 SN - 1873-4669 SN - 0925-8388 VL - Vol. 932 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Li A1 - Liang, Xiaopeng A1 - Liu, Bin A1 - Oehring, Michael A1 - Paul, Jonathan David Heaton A1 - Liu, Jie A1 - Song, Min A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Liu, Yong T1 - Stacking fault formation in perovskite Ti3AlC carbides in a TiAl based alloy during creep at 800°C T2 - Scripta Materialia Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2022.115034 SN - 1872-8456 SN - 1359-6462 VL - Vol. 222 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fellah, Mamoun A1 - Hezil, Naouel A1 - Hamadi, Fouzia A1 - Iqbal, Amjad A1 - Samad, Mohammed Abdul A1 - Alburaikan, Alhanouf A1 - Khalifa, Hamiden Abd El-Wahed A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei T1 - Effect of Fe content on physical, tribological and photocatalytical properties of Ti-6Al-xFe alloys for biomedical applications T2 - Tribology International N2 - The aim of the current study is to evaluate the effect of iron content (0, 2, 4, 6 and 10 wt%) on the structural, tribological and photocatalytical properties of a nanostructured ternary alloy Ti-6Al-XFe, prepared by high energy milling. The alloys’ characteristics such as lattice parameters, powder morphologies, surface roughness, relative density/porosity, and microhardness, were evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), surface profilometry, porosimeter and micro durometer, respectively. The W-H method was utilized to determine the crystallite size. Micro strain was also calculated, which is produced in the lattice due to the diffusion of iron atoms. The photocatalytical characterization was conducted by measuring their absorbance as a function of time using spectrophotometer of visible and ultraviolet light in the wavelength range of 500–800 nm. The tribological characterization was performed using an oscillating tribometer under wet conditions, simulating the human body environment using Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS) solution with neutral pH 7.4, under different applied loads of 2, 6 and 10 N, respectively. Results showed that the addition of Fe has a significant effect on the structural properties of the developed alloys. The lattice parameter (aα) decreased with increasing Fe content from 2.9493 Å (0 wt% Fe) to 2.9491 Å (10 wt% Fe), while the average grain size increased considerably from 6.965 nm (0 wt% Fe) to 44.42 nm (10 wt% Fe). The wear test results showed that, friction coefficient and wear rate considerably decreased due to the formation of protective films such as TiO2. The photocatalytical characterization showed that, the degradation of methylene blue (MB) increased with increasing Fe content. The Ti-6Al-4Fe -catalyst gave the best degree of degradation of 90.76% within 60 min, which meant that the decolorization process could be operated rapidly at a relatively low cost without UV irradiation. KW - Ti-Al-Fe alloys KW - Biomaterials KW - Tribology KW - Biomedical applications KW - Total hip prosthesis KW - Nanoparticle Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301679X23009362 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2023.109146 SN - 1879-2464 VL - 191 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Alontseva, Darya A1 - Safarova (Yantsen), Yuliya A1 - Voinarovych, Sergii A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Yamanoglu, Ridvan A1 - Khoshnaw, Fuad A1 - Yavuz, Hasan Ismail A1 - Nessipbekova, Assem A1 - Syzdykova, Aizhan A1 - Azamatov, Bagdat A1 - Khozhanov, Alexandr A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Biocompatibility and Corrosion of Microplasma-Sprayed Titanium and Tantalum Coatings versus Titanium Alloy T2 - Coatings N2 - This study investigates the in vitro biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, and adhesion strength of a gas abrasive-treated Ti6Al4V alloy, alongside microplasma-sprayed titanium and tantalum coatings. Employing a novel approach in selecting microplasma spray parameters, this study successfully engineers coatings with tailored porosity, roughness, and over 20% porosity with pore sizes up to 200 μm, aiming to enhance bone in-growth and implant integration. This study introduces an innovative methodology for quantifying surface roughness using laser electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, facilitating detailed morphological analysis of both the substrate and coatings. Extensive evaluations, including tests for in vitro biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, and adhesive strength, revealed that all three materials are biocompatible, with tantalum coatings exhibiting superior cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation, as well as the highest corrosion resistance. Titanium coatings followed closely, demonstrating favorable osteogenic properties and enhanced roughness, which is crucial for cell behavior and attachment. These coatings also displayed superior tensile adhesive strengths (27.6 ± 0.9 MPa for Ti and 28.0 ± 4.9 MPa for Ta), surpassing the ISO 13179-1 standard and indicating a robust bond with the substrate. Our findings offer significant advancements in biomaterials for medical implants, introducing microplasma spraying as a versatile tool for customizing implant coatings, particularly emphasizing the superior performance of tantalum coatings in terms of biocompatibility, osteogenic potential, and corrosion resistance. This suggests that tantalum coatings are a promising alternative for enhancing the performance of metal implants, especially in applications demanding high biocompatibility and corrosion resistance. KW - biocompatible coatings KW - in vitro test KW - corrosion resistance KW - microplasma spraying (MPS) KW - medical implants KW - coating techniques Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6412/14/2/206 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings14020206 SN - 2079-6412 VL - 14 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bello, Luca A1 - Wiedenhöft, John A1 - Schliep, Alexander T1 - Compressed computations using wavelets for hidden Markov models with continuous observations T2 - PLOS One N2 - Compression as an accelerant of computation is increasingly recognized as an important component in engineering fast real-world machine learning methods for big data; c.f., its impact on genome-scale approximate string matching. Previous work showed that com- pression can accelerate algorithms for Hidden Markov Models (HMM) with discrete observa- tions, both for the classical frequentist HMM algorithms—Forward Filtering, Backward Smoothing and Viterbi—and Gibbs sampling for Bayesian HMM. For Bayesian HMM with continuous-valued observations, compression was shown to greatly accelerate computa- tions for specific types of data. For instance, data from large-scale experiments interrogating structural genetic variation can be assumed to be piece-wise constant with noise, or, equiva- lently, data generated by HMM with dominant self-transition probabilities. Here we extend the compressive computation approach to the classical frequentist HMM algorithms on con- tinuous-valued observations, providing the first compressive approach for this problem. In a large-scale simulation study, we demonstrate empirically that in many settings compressed HMM algorithms very clearly outperform the classical algorithms with no, or only an insignifi- cant effect, on the computed probabilities and infered state paths of maximal likelihood. This provides an efficient approach to big data computations with HMM. An open-source imple- mentation of the method is available from https://github.com/lucabello/wavelet-hmms. Y1 - 2023 UR - https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0286074 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0286074 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 18 IS - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Johansson, Simon Viet A1 - Chehreghani, Morteza Haghir A1 - Engkvist, Ola A1 - Schliep, Alexander T1 - De Novo Generated Combinatorial Library Design T2 - Digital Discovery N2 - Artificial intelligence (AI) contributes new methods for designing compounds in drug discovery, ranging from de novo design models suggesting new molecular structures or optimizing existing leads to predictive models evaluating their toxicological properties. However, a limiting factor for the effectiveness of AI methods in drug discovery is the lack of access to high-quality data sets leading to a focus on approaches optimizing data generation. Combinatorial library design is a popular approach for bioactivity testing as a large number of molecules can be synthesized from a limited number of building blocks. We propose a framework for designing combinatorial libraries from de novo generated building blocks using k-Determinantal Point Processes and Gibbs sampling. We explore optimization of biological activity, Quantitative Estimate of Drug-likeness (QED) and diversity and the trade-offs between them, both in single-objective and in multi-objective library design settings. Using retrosynthesis models to estimate building block availability, the proposed framework is able to explore the prospective benefit from expanding a stock of available building blocks by synthesis or purchase the preferred building blocks before designing a library. In simulation experiments with building block collections from all available commercial vendors near-optimal libraries could be found without synthesis of additional building blocks; in other simulation experiments we showed that even one synthesis step to increase the number of available building blocks could improve library designs when starting with an in-house building block collection of reasonable size. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2024/dd/d3dd00095h U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/D3DD00095H SN - 2635-098X IS - 1 SP - 122 EP - 135 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schurig, Mona A1 - Umeh, Obinna A1 - Henze, Henriette A1 - Jung, Marie Juliane A1 - Gresing, Lennart A1 - Blanchard, Veronique A1 - Maltzahn, Julia von A1 - Hübner, Christian A1 - Franzka, Patricia T1 - Consequences of GMPPB deficiency for neuromuscular development and maintenance T2 - Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience N2 - Guanosine diphosphate-mannose pyrophosphorylase B (GMPPB) catalyzes the conversion of mannose-1-phosphate and GTP to GDP-mannose, which is required as a mannose donor for the biosynthesis of glycan structures necessary for proper cellular functions. Mutations in GMPPB have been associated with variable neuromuscular disorders such as muscular dystrophy and myasthenic syndromes. Here, we report that GMPPB protein abundance increases during brain and skeletal muscle development, which is accompanied by an increase in overall protein mannosylation. To model the human disorder in mice, we generated heterozygous GMPPB KO mice using CRISPR/Cas9. While we were able to obtain homozygous KO mice from heterozygous matings at the blastocyst stage, homozygous KO embryos were absent beyond embryonic day E8.5, suggesting that the homozygous loss of GMPPB results in early embryonic lethality. Since patients with GMPPB loss-of-function manifest with neuromuscular disorders, we investigated the role of GMPPB in vitro. Thereby, we found that the siRNA-mediated knockdown of Gmppb in either primary myoblasts or the myoblast cell line C2C12 impaired myoblast differentiation and resulted in myotube degeneration. siRNA-mediated knockdown of Gmppb also impaired the neuron-like differentiation of N2A cells. Taken together, our data highlight the essential role of GMPPB during development and differentiation, especially in myogenic and neuronal cell types. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2024.1356326 SN - 1662-5099 VL - 17 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Manuel A1 - Maltzahn, Julia von A1 - Poser, Christine A1 - Janster, Christina T1 - The hairpin region of WNT7A is sufficient for binding to the Frizzled7 receptor and to elicit signaling in myogenic cells T2 - Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csbj.2022.10.047 SN - 2001-0370 VL - 20 SP - 6348 EP - 6359 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Scheffler, Robert T1 - Recognizing LBFS trees of bipartite graphs T2 - Information Processing Letters Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ipl.2024.106483 SN - 0020-0190 VL - 186 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sturm, Astrid A1 - Schöttker, Oliver A1 - Kadir, Karmand A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - SMIBe - Concept of a software-based multilevel information system for authorities to support digitalization and evaluation of grazing-related AES T2 - MPRA Paper Y1 - 2024 UR - https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/119741/ ER - TY - GEN A1 - ElDidi, Hagar A1 - Zhang, Wei A1 - Blackmore, Iyy A1 - Gelaw, Fekadu A1 - De Petris, Caterina A1 - Teka, Natnael A1 - Yimam, Seid A1 - Mekonnen, Dawit A1 - Ringler, Claudia A1 - Meinzen-Dick, Ruth S. T1 - Getting Ahead of the Game: Experiential Learning for Groundwater Governance in Ethiopia T2 - International Journal of the Commons Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5334/ijc.1316 SN - 1875-0281 VL - 18 IS - 1 SP - 66 EP - 81 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Behren, Sascha von A1 - Turek, Maximilian A1 - Barthelmes, Lukas A1 - Scholta, Hanna A1 - Hansen, Frank A1 - Kagerbauer, Martin A1 - Eisenmann, Christine T1 - Decoding Urban Archetypes: Exploring Mobility-Related Homogeneity among Cities T2 - Sustainability N2 - To make cities more sustainable and livable and to achieve climate targets in transportation, cities around the globe must undergo sustainable transformations. However, disparities in initial conditions pose challenges when trying to implement these sustainable changes. Identifying these differences aids in the comprehension of future developments. In this study, we establish an international comparison by decoding the mobility-related characteristics of cities and determining urban archetypes. Using publicly accessible data, we analyze and classify 96 cities in different countries. Therefore, we utilize principal component analysis to simplify the data. The emerging components serve as input for segmentation. This approach yields nine unique urban archetypes, ranging from Well-Functioning and Ancient Hybrid Cities in Europe to Paratransit and Traffic-Saturated Cities in the southern hemisphere. Our results show that there is a significant advantage to using a multidimensional segmentation basis, which we identify in an extensive literature review. The result is a finer segmentation, which is especially clear for European cities that demonstrate four different clusters. We discuss that the effect of future restrictions on private car usage will vary widely between the urban archetypes. KW - urban mobility urban archetypes KW - car dependence KW - smart city KW - city typology KW - city comparison KW - sustainable mobility KW - multimodality KW - public transit KW - urban archetypes Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/su151914231 SN - 2071-1050 VL - 15 IS - 19 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Leuner, Bruna A1 - Hirschl, Bernd T1 - Biomass and bioenergy perspectives of a coal region: status quo, potential and scenarios in Lusatia T2 - Frontiers in Energy Research N2 - Coal has been one of the main fuels used in Europe. Its decreasing role due to the ongoing transformation of the energy system will create significant socio-economic challenges. The switch into renewable energy systems could be an alternative to maintain jobs and economic activities within the affected regions. Biomass use and bioenergy can play an important role in the energy transition. Instead of energy crops, forest and agricultural residues should be used as biogenic energy sources in the future to avoid impacts on land use and food security. The main objective of this article is to investigate the biomass potential of a coal region and to provide scenarios for the future development of bioenergy production. Due to the changing framework conditions and, as a result, the different biomass focuses, previous bioenergy potential estimates must be reviewed. The methods for determining the potential of biomass for energy production was used for Lusatia (in German: Lausitz), the second largest coal region in Germany. These methods can also be applied in other regions. As a first step, the regional status quo assessment of cultivated areas and yields had decisive relevance for calculating biomass potential ranges. In a second step, the current bioenergy facilities in the region were identified, with a focus on power and heat production. The third step was the estimation of future regional bioenergy use. Therefore, the regional potential was gathered with the generally supra-regional framework conditions. For this purpose, national scenario studies were used, which contain the relevant target values and framework conditions. Two scenarios were developed for future bioenergy estimations: a conservative path based on the current policies and a progressive path, derived from the goal of climate neutrality by 2045. The results show a qualitative comparison among both scenarios and the previously determined potential ranges. Bioenergy can probably contribute to achieving climate neutrality with an increase in wood-fired systems, while agricultural bioenergy potential is likely to decline. In the discussion section, however, the uncertainty of these results is pointed out, as future use of bioenergy will be heavily influenced by the regulatory framework, competition with material use and the influences of climate change. KW - regional biomass potential KW - bioenergy scenarios KW - coal region KW - regional energy transition KW - Lusatia Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fenrg.2023.1275733 SN - 2296-598X VL - Vol. 11(2023) SP - 1 EP - 14 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bode, Annika A1 - Salecki, Steven A1 - Hirschl, Bernd T1 - Unlocking local value-added opportunities in the energy transition in former coal regions—the case of Lusatia (Lausitz) T2 - List Forum für Wirtschafts- und Finanzpolitik N2 - The main result of this study is that Lusatia, as an energy transition and structural change region, still has high expansion potential for photovoltaic and wind energy systems. In 2040, electricity production from wind turbines could reach four times the current level. In the case of photovoltaic systems, around seven to eight times the current level is possible. Only in the area of biomass has the expansion potential already been largely exhausted. The building sector can also contribute to achieving climate neutrality. If the renovation rate is significantly increased to 3.3% per year by 2040, the required heating energy can be reduced by around 60%. At the same time, these energy transition scenarios are evaluated with regard to their regional economic opportunities for Lusatia. In an ambitious climate neutrality scenario, around 450 million euros in regional added value can be generated in 2040 and around 3560 full-time jobs can be filled. In order for this to succeed, however, the citizens and municipalities must first be given more opportunities for financial participation through appropriate framework conditions at federal and state level. We see financial benefits for the population and the municipalities as a critical success factor in order to be able to provide the necessary space, initiate investments and ultimately contribute to local acceptance. KW - Renewable energies KW - Energy transition KW - Climate neutrality KW - Regional economic analysis KW - Financial participation Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s41025-023-00254-1 SN - 2364-3943 VL - 49 SP - 69 EP - 92 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rivera Crespo, Omayra A1 - Crespo Claudio, Yazmin M. A1 - Quintero González, Natacha A1 - Santiago Rodríguez, Irmaris T1 - Cocreación para una ecología de saberes en el Caribe: huerto de Capetillo T2 - Revista De Arquitectura Y1 - 2023 UR - https://dearquitectura.uchile.cl/index.php/RA/issue/view/6007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5354/0719-5427.2023.71107 SN - 0719-5427 VL - 28 IS - 44 SP - 56 EP - 75 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liu, Xu A1 - Stark, Andreas A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Zhang, Tiebang T1 - In-situ synchrotron high energy X-ray diffraction study on the internal strain evolution of D019-α2 phase during high-temperature compression and subsequent annealing in a TiAl alloy T2 - Journal of Materials Science and Technology Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2023.04.027 SN - 1941-1162 SN - 1005-0302 VL - Vol. 163 SP - 212 EP - 222 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Song, Lin A1 - Appel, Fritz A1 - Liu, Wenhao A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Zhang, Tiebang T1 - {11¯01} tension twins and {11¯01}-{22¯01}/{22¯01}-{11¯01} double twins in the D019 ordered hexagonal α2-Ti3Al phase T2 - Acta Materialia Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2023.119335 VL - 260 IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fröbel, Ulrich A1 - Stark, Andreas A1 - Paul, Jonathan A1 - Pyczak, Florian T1 - Assessment of the capability of Zr, Y, La, Gd, Dy, C, and Si to enhance the creep strength of gamma titanium aluminide alloys based on their effect on flow stress and thermal activation parameters T2 - Intermetallics Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intermet.2023.108018 SN - 1879-0216 SN - 0966-9795 VL - Vol. 162 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gussone, Joachim A1 - Rackel, Marcus W. A1 - Tumminello, Silvana A1 - Barriobero-Vila, Pere A1 - Kreps, Frederic A1 - Kelm, Klemens A1 - Stark, Andreas A1 - Schell, Norbert A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Haubrich, Jan A1 - Requena, Guillermo T1 - Microstructure formation during laser powder bed fusion of Ti-22Al-25Nb with low and high pre-heating temperatures T2 - Materials and Design Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2023.112154 SN - 0264-1275 VL - Vol. 232 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lauhoff, Christian A1 - Arold, Tizian A1 - Bolender, Artjom A1 - Rackel, Marcus W. A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Weinmann, Markus A1 - Xu, Wenzheng A1 - Molotnikov, Andrey A1 - Niendorf, Thomas T1 - Microstructure of an additively manufactured Ti-Ta-Al alloy using novel pre-alloyed powder feedstock material T2 - Additive Manufacturing Letters Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addlet.2023.100144 SN - 2772-3690 VL - Vol. 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Guo, Xiang A1 - Song, Lin A1 - Liu, Xu A1 - Stark, Andreas A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Zhang, Tiebang T1 - In-situ synchrotron HEXRD study on the phase transformation mechanisms of the ω-related phases in a Ti4Al3Nb alloy T2 - Materials Characterization Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2023.112901 SN - 1873-4189 SN - 1044-5803 VL - Vol. 200 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Liang, Zhida A1 - Neumeier, Steffen A1 - Rao, Ziyuan T1 - Stability and Physical Properties of the L12-γ′ Phase in the CoNiAlTi-System T2 - Metallurgical and Materials Transactions. A, Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-022-06949-y SN - 1073-5623 VL - 54 IS - 5 SP - 1661 EP - 1670 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Volpato, G. M. A1 - Pereira, A. S. P. A1 - Lemos, G. A1 - Schmitt, M. A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Tetzlaff, Ulrich A1 - Fredel, Márcio C. T1 - Out-of-Equilibrium Formation of Ni3Ti η-Phase in Inconel X-750 Produced via Laser Powder Bed Fusion and Spark Plasma Sintering T2 - Metallurgical and Materials Transactions. A, Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-022-06946-1 SN - 1073-5623 VL - 54 IS - 5 SP - 1924 EP - 1936 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Haoyin A1 - Wang, C. P. A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Ebel, Thomas A1 - Liu, X. J. T1 - A New Kind of Biomedical Ti–Mn–Nb Alloy T2 - Physica Status Solidi. A, Applications and Materials Science Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.202200348 SN - 1862-6300 VL - 220 IS - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gribat, Nina T1 - Stadt für wen? T2 - Friends of Malowes Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.marlowes.de/stadt-fuer-wen/ IS - 26.01.2021 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mirarchi, Giovanni A1 - Grilli, Marco A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Caprara, Sergio T1 - The Shrinking Fermi Liquid Scenario for Strange-Metal Behavior from Overdamped Optical Phonons T2 - Condensed Matter N2 - We discuss how the interaction of electrons with an overdamped optical phonon can give rise to a strange-metal behavior over extended temperature and frequency ranges. Although the mode has a finite frequency, an increasing damping shifts spectral weight to progressively lower energies so that despite the ultimate Fermi liquid character of the system at the lowest temperatures and frequencies, the transport and optical properties of the electron system mimic a marginal Fermi liquid behavior. Within this shrinking Fermi liquid scenario, we extensively investigate the electron self-energy in all frequency and temperature ranges, emphasizing similarities and differences with respect to the marginal Fermi liquid scenario. KW - strange-metal behavior KW - marginal Fermi liquid KW - high-temperature cuprate superconductors Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3896/9/1/14 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/condmat9010014 SN - 2410-3896 VL - 9 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - May, Roland T1 - Cottbus - Ein bedeutendes Hangar-Ensemble unter Druck T2 - Brandenburgische Denkmalpflege Y1 - 2023 SN - 0942-3397 VL - 9 IS - 1 SP - 26 EP - 34 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bundschuh, Jana A1 - Rappel, Herbert A1 - Bock, Andreas A1 - Balleisen, Ute A1 - Daiser, Markus A1 - Friedmann, Günter A1 - König, Werner A1 - Miltenberger, Tobias A1 - Müller, Manuela A1 - Müller, Robert A1 - Poeplau, Norbert A1 - Roosen, Alix A1 - Schlotter, Alexander A1 - Sedlmair, Christian A1 - Weiler, Michael A1 - Thewes, Christoph A1 - Brock, Christopher T1 - Effects of queen excluders on the colony dynamics of honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) under biodynamic management T2 - Apidologie N2 - The evaluation of beekeeping management practices (BMPs) is important for beekeepers worldwide because their choice affects health and survival of managed honeybee (A. mellifera L.) colonies and touches ethical and economic questions. This study focusses on queen excluders, a common hive addition in contemporary beekeeping. Its impacts are controversially discussed but have not been studied scientifically yet. Within a 4-year participatory on-farm experiment, we assessed the effects on colony dynamics in 64 hives in 8 apiaries during one season in Germany using the Liebefeld estimation method. We found no significant deviation for parameters of colony dynamics between hives managed with and without queen excluders. A qualitative decision-making tool (Pugh decision matrix) facilitated concept selection only for specific beekeepers. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13592-023-01041-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s13592-023-01041-9 SN - 1297-9678 SN - 0044-8435 VL - 55 IS - 16 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zia, Waqas A1 - Malekshahi Byranvand, Mahdi A1 - Rudolph, Toby A1 - Rai, Monika A1 - Kot, Małgorzata A1 - Das, Chittaranjan A1 - Kedia, Mayank A1 - Zohdi, Mohammadreza A1 - Zuo, Weiwei A1 - Yeddu, Vishal A1 - Saidaminov, Makhsud I. A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo A1 - Kirchartz, Thomas A1 - Saliba, Michael T1 - MAPbCl3 Light Absorber for Highest Voltage Perovskite Solar Cells T2 - ACS Energy Letters N2 - Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) excel in achieving high open-circuit voltages (VOC) for narrow bandgaps (∼1.6 eV) but face challenges with wide-bandgap perovskites, like methylammonium lead trichloride (MAPbCl3) with a 3.03 eV bandgap. These materials are transparent in visible absorbing ultraviolet (UV) light. However, achieving uniform film crystallization remains a hurdle. Here, we enhance MAPbCl3 crystallization by manipulating annealing atmospheres (nitrogen, air, and MACl vapor). Excess MACl vapor improves surface coverage, which is crucial for film stability. We demonstrate that the microstructure of the perovskite film, including surface morphology, grain boundaries, and interfaces, can affect the photovoltaic properties. The subsequently obtained VOC of 1.78 V is the highest recorded for single-junction PSCs to the best of our knowledge. Surprisingly, the conventional hole-transport layer spiro-OMeTAD, optimized for narrow bandgaps, sustains such high voltages. Photoluminescence measurements reveal a trap-assisted recombination peak at 1.65 eV, indicating deep traps as significant to voltage loss in MAPbCl3. KW - Perovskite solar cells KW - methylammonium lead trichloride (MAPbCl3) KW - uniform film crystallization KW - manipulation of annealing atmospheres KW - trap-assisted recombination KW - microstructure Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.3c02777 SN - 2380-8195 VL - 9 SP - 1017 EP - 1024 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Greene, Mary A1 - Hobson, Kersty A1 - Jaeger-Erben, Melanie T1 - Bringing the circular economy home – Insights from socio-technical perspectives on everyday consumption T2 - Cleaner and Responsible Consumption KW - Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law KW - Economics and Econometrics KW - Social Sciences (miscellaneous) KW - Environmental Science (miscellaneous) KW - Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment KW - Geography, Planning and Development KW - Environmental Engineering Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clrc.2023.100157 SN - 2666-7843 VL - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Haase, Louise Møller A1 - Mugge, Ruth A1 - Mosgaard, Mette Alberg A1 - Bocken, Nancy A1 - Jaeger-Erben, Melanie A1 - Pizzol, Massimo A1 - Jørgensen, Michael Søgaard T1 - Who are the value transformers, value co-operators and value gatekeepers? New routes to value preservation in a sufficiency-based circular economy T2 - Resources, Conservation and Recycling KW - Economics and Econometrics KW - Waste Management and Disposal Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2024.107502 SN - 0921-3449 VL - 204 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yalçın, Nur Gizem A1 - Paredis, Erik A1 - Jaeger-Erben, Melanie T1 - Contested discourses of a circular plastics economy in Europe: prioritizing material, economy, or society? T2 - Environmental Politics KW - Sociology and Political Science KW - Environmental Science (miscellaneous) Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/09644016.2023.2192145 SN - 0964-4016 VL - 33 IS - 2 SP - 219 EP - 239 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Szyszkiewicz-Warzecha, Krzysztof A1 - Stec, Jakub A1 - Deja, Jan A1 - Łagosz, Artur A1 - Górska, Anna A1 - Kutukova, Kristina A1 - Zschech, Ehrenfried A1 - Filipek, Robert T1 - 3D Multi-Ion Corrosion Model in Hierarchically Structured Cementitious Materials Obtained from Nano-XCT Data T2 - Materials N2 - Corrosion of steel reinforcements in concrete constructions is a worldwide problem. To assess the degradation of rebars in reinforced concrete, an accurate description of electric current, potential and concentrations of various species present in the concrete matrix is necessary. Although the concrete matrix is a heterogeneous porous material with intricate microstructure, mass transport has been treated in a homogeneous material so far, modifying bulk transport coefficients by additional factors (porosity, constrictivity, tortuosity), which led to so-called effective coefficients (e.g., diffusivity). This study presents an approach where the real 3D microstructure of concrete is obtained from high-resolution X-ray computed tomography (XCT), processed to generate a mesh for finite element method (FEM) computations, and finally combined with a multi-species system of transport and electric potential equations. This methodology allows for a more realistic description of ion movements and reactions in the bulk concrete and on the rebar surface and, consequently, a better evaluation of anodic and cathodic currents, ultimately responsible for the loss of reinforcement mass and its location. The results of this study are compared with a state-of-the-art model and numerical calculations for 2D and 3D geometries. KW - 3D corrosion model KW - real 3D concrete microstructure KW - nano-XCT based geometry KW - corrosion of reinforcement KW - multi-ion transport KW - hierarchical concrete structure Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16145094 SN - 1996-1944 VL - 16 IS - 14 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hahm, Daniel A1 - Anderer, Ursula T1 - Establishment of HEp‐2 cell preparation for automated analysis of ANA fluorescence pattern T2 - Cytometry. Part A N2 - AbstractBackgroundIdentification of antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) has large clinical importance for the assessment of autoimmune diseases. HEp‐2 cell preparations on microscopic slides are commonly used as antigenic substrate. Methods used for cell preparation are important for ANA pattern analysis; however, these methods differ widely and are mostly not specified.MethodsHEp‐2 cells were fixed using acetic acid‐ethanol, methanol‐acetone, acetone, formaldehyde, paraformaldehyde, or glutaraldehyde. Morphological analysis was done after haematoxylin‐eosin staining and DAPI‐staining of cell nuclei.ResultsThe results demonstrate a high variability of cell and nuclear morphology depending on the used fixatives. Aldehyde fixatives conserved the cell structures best, acetone fixatives revealed remarkable changes.ConclusionsAfter selecting appropriate fixation procedures to preserve nuclear structures further experiments are necessary to find out which fixation procedure preserves the disease‐linked antigens the best way and are, therefore, suitable to be used in ANA‐testing of AABs. © 2006 International Society for Analytical Cytology KW - Cell Biology KW - Histology KW - Pathology and Forensic Medicine KW - Autoimmune diagnostic KW - Antinuclear antibodies KW - HEp-2 cells Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cyto.a.20223 SN - 1552-4922 VL - 69A IS - 3 SP - 178 EP - 181 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hiemann, Rico A1 - Hilger, Nadja A1 - Michel, Jörg A1 - Nitschke, Jörg A1 - Böhm, Alexander A1 - Anderer, Ursula A1 - Weigert, Martin A1 - Sack, Ulrich T1 - Automatic Analysis of Immunofluorescence Patterns of HEp‐2 Cells T2 - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences N2 - The standard screening test for the recognition of autoimmune diseases is the proof of autoantibodies in serum of patients by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) based on HEp‐2 cells. Manual evaluation of this test is very subjective, slow, and there are no objective parameters as guidelines available. Interlaboratory tests showed occasionally large deviations in the test evaluation resulting in a high variance of results. The aim of this project is fast, objective, safe, and economical automatic analysis of HEp‐2 IIF patterns. Images of IIF patterns were completely and automatically captured using an inverse motorized fluorescence microscope. Thereby, device‐specific parameters were controlled automatically, too. For fast analysis of IIF patterns new algorithms of image processing were developed. Artifacts were recognized and excluded from analysis by the developed software. Analysis of more than 80,000 images clearly demonstrated full automatization and fast processing of IIF patterns. Additionally serum‐specific fluorescence could be easily distinguished from background. Even very weak but positive patterns can be recognized and used for diagnosis. A detailed separation into different basic patterns is possible. Objective, fast, and disease‐related economical analysis of HEp‐2 immunofluorescence patterns is feasible. The implemented software algorithms allowed a mathematical way of describing IIF patterns and can therefore be a useful tool for the needed standardization process. KW - Autoimmune diagnostics KW - HEp-2 cell KW - Immunofluorescence KW - Automatic analysis KW - Screening Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1196/annals.1398.042 SN - 0077-8923 VL - 1109 IS - 1 SP - 358 EP - 371 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hiemann, Rico A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Sack, Ulrich A1 - Anderer, Ursula A1 - Conrad, Karsten T1 - Die HEp-2-Zelle als Target für multiparametrische Autoantikörperanalytik – Automatisierung und Standardisierung/The HEp-2 cell as target for multiparametric autoantibody analyses: automation and standardisation T2 - Journal of Laboratory Medicine N2 - Trotz Einführung von Multiplex-Assays ist die Bestimmung von Autoantikörpern (AAK) mittels indirekter Immunfluoreszenz (IIF) nach wie vor ein wesentlicher Bestandteil der Autoimmundiagnostik. Das Screening auf nichtorganspezifische AAK wird in der Routinediagnostik von autoimmunen rheumatischen Erkrankungen mittels indirekter Immunfluoreszenz an HEp-2-Zellen durchgeführt. Leider differieren die mit diesem Test erhaltenen Befunde z. T. recht erheblich auf Grund von objektiven (z. B. HEp-2-Zellfixierung) und subjektiven (z. B. Erfahrungswerte) Faktoren. Die Intra- und Interlaborvarianzen sind daher relativ hoch. Erste Ergebnisse von Evaluierungsstudien eines neu entwickelten Systems zur automatischen Bildanalyse (AKLIDES®) zeigen einen Weg in Richtung Standardisierung (bzw. Harmonisierung) des HEp-2-Zell-Assays auf, in dem zunächst subjektive Fehlinterpretationen vermieden werden können. Eine weitere Harmonisierung erfordert die Weiterentwicklung der Software-Algorithmen zur Mustererkennung sowie neue Kalibrationssysteme. KW - Autoantikörper KW - Automatisierung KW - HEp-2 KW - Immunfluoreszenz Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/JLM.2011.053 SN - 1439-0477 VL - 35 IS - 6 SP - 351 EP - 361 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Giri, Binod Raj A1 - Shrestha, Krishna Prasad A1 - Mai, Tam V.-T. A1 - Giri, Sushant A1 - Adil, Mohammad A1 - Naik, R. Thirumaleswara A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Huynh, Lam Kim T1 - A Theoretical Study of NH2 Radical Reactions with Propane and Its Kinetic Implications in NH3-Propane Blends’ Oxidation T2 - Energies N2 - The reaction of NH2 radicals with C3H8 is crucial for understanding the combustion behavior of NH3/C3H8 blends. In this study, we investigated the temperature dependence of the rate coefficients for the hydrogen abstraction reactions of C3H8 by NH2 radicals using high-level theoretical approaches. The potential energy surface was constructed at the CCSD(T)/cc-pV(T, Q)//M06-2X/aug-cc-pVTZ level of theory, and the rate coefficients were computed using conventional transition state theory, incorporating the corrections for quantum tunneling and hindered internal rotors (HIR). The computed rate coefficients showed a strong curvature in the Arrhenius behavior, capturing the experimental literature data well at low temperatures. However, at T > 1500 K, the theory severely overpredicted the experimental data. The available theoretical studies did not align with the experiment at high temperatures, and the possible reasons for this discrepancy are discussed. At 300 K, the reaction of NH2 with C3H8 predominantly occurs at the secondary C-H site, which accounts for approximately 95% of the total reaction flux. However, the hydrogen abstraction reaction at the primary C-H site becomes the dominant reaction above 1700 K. A composite kinetic model was built, which incorporated the computed rate coefficients for NH2 + C3H8 reactions. The importance of NH2 + C3H8 reactions in predicting the combustion behavior of NH3/C3H8 blends was demonstrated by kinetic modeling. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/en16165943 SN - 1996-1073 VL - 16 IS - 16 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Elbaz, Ayman M. A1 - Giri, Binod Raj A1 - Shrestha, Krishna Prasad A1 - Arab, Omar Z. A1 - Farooq, Aamir A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Roberts, William L. T1 - A comprehensive experimental and kinetic modeling study of laminar flame propagation of ammonia blended with propene T2 - Combustion and Flame N2 - Enhancement of ammonia reactivity is crucial for potential applications of ammonia as an engine and gas turbine fuel. A common strategy for improving ammonia's poor reactivity is blending it with more reactive fuels like hydrogen and methane. However, fundamental studies of ammonia combustion with higher hydrocarbons and key intermediate oxidation species of higher alkanes such as propene do not exist. Thus, this work presents an effort to study the laminar flame propagation of ammonia blended with propene. Laminar burning velocity (SL) of NH3/C3H6/air mixtures was measured at 298 K, pressures up to 5 bar, equivalence ratios of 0.7 to 1.3, and various propene to ammonia ratios (i.e.,% propene to ammonia mole fraction, xC3H6 = 10 to 50) in a high-pressure spherical propagating flame vessel. A kinetic model was developed based on our previous work to characterize the combustion behavior of NH3/C3H6/air mixture. The model reasonably agrees with the experimental data and follows the observed trends very well. The results showed that blending NH3 with C3H6 positively enhanced SL of NH3 by promoting the formation of key radicals e.g., O, OH, and H. Relative to a neat ammonia/air mixture, co-firing ammonia with propene leads to a reduced pressure dependence of the laminar burning velocity. However, the reaction H + O2(+M)=HO2(+M) leads to strong pressure dependency of lean NH3/C3H6 mixtures compared to rich mixtures. The model reveals that besides fuel-NO coming from NH3, prompt NO also actively contributes to NO formation. It is seen that N2O formation is significantly suppressed with increasing pressure or increasing C3H6 content in the fuel blend. In contrast to NO and N2O, NO2 concentration increases slightly with an increase in pressure. The reported experimental data and model will be useful in understanding the interaction between NH3 and alkenes. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2023.112791 SN - 0010-2180 VL - 253 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Giri, Binod Raj A1 - Shrestha, Krishna Prasad A1 - Mai, Tam V.-T. A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Huynh, Lam Kim T1 - A theoretical kinetic study of the reactions of NH2 radicals with methanol and ethanol and their implications in kinetic modeling T2 - International Journal of Chemical Kinetics N2 - Amino (NH2) radicals play a central role in the pyrolysis and oxidation of ammonia. Several reports in the literature highlight the importance of the reactions of NH2 radicals with fuel in NH3-dual-fuel combustion. Therefore, we investigated the reactions of NH2 radicals with methanol (CH3OH) and ethanol (C2H5OH) theoretically. We explored the various reaction pathways by exploiting CCSD(T)/cc-pV(T, Q)Z//M06-2X/aug-cc-pVTZ level of theory. The reaction proceeds via complex formation at the entrance and exit channels in an overall exothermic process. We used canonical transition state theory to obtain the high-pressure limiting rate coefficients for various channels over the temperature range of 300–2000 K. We discerned the role of various channels in the potential energy surface (PES) of NH2 + CH3OH/C2H5OH reactions. For both reactions, the hydrogen abstraction pathway at the OH-site of alcohols plays a minor role in the entire T-range investigated. By including the title reactions into an extensive kinetic model, we demonstrated that the reaction of NH2 radicals with alcohols plays a paramount role in accurately predicting the low-temperature oxidation kinetics of NH3-alcohols dual fuel systems (e.g., shortening the ignition delay time). On the contrary, these reactions have negligible importance for high-temperature oxidation kinetics of NH3-alcohol blends (e.g., not affecting the laminar flame speed). In addition, we calculated the rate coefficients for NH2 + CH4 = CH3 + NH3 reaction that are in excellent agreement with the experimental data. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/kin.21609 SN - 0538-8066 VL - 55 IS - 1 SP - 3 EP - 14 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shrestha, Krishna Prasad A1 - Eckart, Sven A1 - Drost, Simon A1 - Fritsche, Chris A1 - Schießl, Robert A1 - Seidel, Lars A1 - Maas, Ulrich A1 - Krause, Hartmut A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - A comprehensive kinetic modeling of oxymethylene ethers (OMEn, n= 1–3) oxidation-laminar flame speed and ignition delay time measurements T2 - Combustion and Flame N2 - This work reports on the development and experimental validation of a detailed reaction mechanism for the oxidation of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (OMEn, n = 1–3). The validation is done by constant-volume chamber laminar flame speeds (393 K and 443 K, 1 to 5 bar, and equivalence ratio 0.8 to 1.6) and Rapid Compression Machine ignition delay times (550–680 K, 10 and 15 bar, equivalence ratios of 0.5–2.0) in OMEn/air mixtures. Using our new experimental and published data, the validation basis for the new kinetic model comprises the pyrolysis and oxidation of OMEn (n = 1–3) in freely propagating flames, auto-ignition in rapid compression machines and shock tubes, and speciation in jet-stirred and flow reactors as well as burner-stabilized premixed flames. The model provides a reasonable agreement with the experimental data for a broad range of conditions investigated. The performance of the developed model is compared against the recent literature models. OMEn (n = 1–3) all have the same laminar flame speed. The model suggests that the chemistry of OME0 (DME) and CH3OCHO (methyl formate) is the one that dictates the flame chemistry. Under the same pressure and equivalence ratio conditions, ignition delay times of OME2 and OME3 are similar for the investigated temperature range. This work helps to improve the understanding of OMEs chemistry. The model developed in this work will serve as the base mechanism for higher chain length OMEs (n>3). Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2022.112426 SN - 1556-2921 SN - 0010-2180 VL - 246 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shrestha, Krishna Prasad A1 - Elbaz, Ayman M. A1 - Giri, Binod Raj A1 - Arab, Omar Z. A1 - Adil, Mohammad A1 - Seidel, Lars A1 - Roberts, William L. A1 - Farooq, Aamir A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - Experimental and Kinetic Modeling Study of 1, 3-Dioxolane Oxidation and Comparison with Dimethoxymethane T2 - Energy & Fuels N2 - This work reports laminar flame speeds and ignition delay times of 1,3-dioxolane/O2/inert gases over a wide range of conditions. Laminar flame speeds were determined experimentally at pressures of 1 and 3 bar, the temperature of 300 K, and equivalence ratios ranging from 0.7 to 1.4 using a constant-volume spherical chamber, whereas ignition delay times were measured in a shock tube at a pressure of 1 bar, the temperature range of 1000–1265 K, and equivalence ratios of 0.5 and 1.0. A detailed kinetic model is developed to predict the oxidation of 1,3-dioxolane utilizing our new experimental data and published datasets on the oxidation of 1,3-dioxolane in freely propagating flames, autoignition in rapid compression machines and shock tubes, and speciation in a jet-stirred reactor. Model predictions are in reasonable agreement with the experimental data. Laminar flame speeds and ignition delay times of 1,3-dioxolane (cyclic ether) are compared with those of dimethoxymethane (acyclic ether). It is found that 1,3-dioxolane has a higher laminar flame speed than that of dimethoxymethane, which may be attributed to the formation of C2H4, C2H2, and the H atom from 1,3-dioxolane. On the contrary, ignition delay times of 1,3-dioxolane are longer than those of dimethoxymethane below 1000 K and shorter above 1000 K for the same dilution level. The reaction ȮCHO = CO2 + H is critical for accurately predicting 1,3-dioxolane oxidation, and it significantly influences model predictions under low-pressure conditions. The model developed in this work will serve as the base mechanism for higher cyclic and acyclic ethers. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.2c01132 SN - 1520-5029 SN - 0887-0624 VL - 36 IS - 14 SP - 7744 EP - 7754 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gerold, Stefanie A1 - Buhl, Johannes A1 - Geiger, Sonja M. T1 - How to Enhance Time Wealth? Insights from Changes in Time Use and Working Conditions During the COVID-19 Lockdown in Germany T2 - Social Indicators Research N2 - This paper investigates the changes in time use, working conditions and subjective time wealth during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany. Our analysis draws on panel data collected before and during the first lockdown among 786 employees. It employs a recently developed scale on time wealth which has been suggested as a comprehensive measure to capture the subjective experience of time. We provide separate analyses according to gender and essential occupation. First-difference regressions are applied to examine how changes in time use and changes in working conditions during the lockdown affected subjective time wealth. Our results show a general growth in time wealth during the lockdown which is, among other factors, driven by a decline in work hours and an increase in sleep duration. We also find positive effects on time wealth from decreased time pressure at work, more autonomy in organising one’s working day, and an improved reconciliation of work and private life. This study contributes to existing research by identifying key aspects how to improve time wealth among employees. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-023-03252-0 SN - 1573-0921 VL - 171 SP - 349 EP - 371 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gerold, Stefanie A1 - Hoffmann, Maja A1 - Aigner, Ernest T1 - Towards a critical understanding of work in ecological economics: A postwork perspective T2 - Ecological Economics N2 - In this paper we critically assess common perceptions of work to inform current debates on work in ecological economics. Work is usually conceived as (1) a productive activity (2) that satisfies consumer demand, (3) is conducive to health and well-being, and (4) ensures social inclusion and personal development. Drawing on the burgeoning literature of postwork or critiques of work, we argue that work may rather be understood as a biophysically intense, consumption-causing, heteronomous institution with ambivalent health impacts that stabilises societies in environmentally and socially unsustainable ways. Therefore, work should be radically reduced and organised differently so that it is no longer the main mechanism for livelihood provisioning and social inclusion. Based on our fourfold critique of work developed in this paper, we sketch out a postwork research agenda for ecological economics. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2023.107935 SN - 1873-6106 VL - 212 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reiß, Franziska A1 - Behn, Steven A1 - Erhart, Michael A1 - Strelow, Lisa A1 - Kaman, Anne A1 - Ottová-Jordan, Veronika A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Moor, Irene A1 - Ravens-Sieberer, Ulrike T1 - Subjective health and psychosomatic complaints of children and adolescents in Germany: Results of the HBSC study 2009/10 – 2022 T2 - Journal of Health Monitoring N2 - Background: Subjective health and well-being are important health indicators in childhood and adolescence. This article shows current results and trends over time between 2009/10 and 2022. Methods: The Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study examined subjective health, life satisfaction and psychosomatic complaints of N = 21,788 students aged 11 to 15 years in the school years 2009/10, 2013/14, 2017/18 and in the calendar year 2022. Multivariate regression analyses show the associations between sociodemographic characteristics and well-being in 2022, as well as trends since 2009/10. Results: The majority of children and adolescents indicate a good subjective health and high life satisfaction. About half of the girls and one third of the boys report multiple psychosomatic health complaints, with a clear increase over time. Older adolescents, girls and gender diverse adolescents are at an increased risk of poor well-being. Subjective health and life satisfaction varied between 2009/10 and 2022, with a significant deterioration between 2017/18 and 2022. Conclusions: The high proportion of children and adolescents with psychosomatic complaints, as well as the observed gender and age differences, underline the need for target group-specific prevention, health promotion and continuous health monitoring. KW - Children KW - Adolescents KW - Mental Health KW - Subjective Health KW - Life Satisfaction KW - Psychosomatic Complaints KW - Prevalences KW - Schools KW - HBSC KW - Survey KW - Germany Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.rki.de/EN/Content/Health_Monitoring/Health_Reporting/GBEDownloadsJ/Focus_en/JHealthMonit_2024_01_Subjective_Health.pdf U6 - https://doi.org/10.25646/11868 SN - 2511-2708 VL - 9 IS - 1 SP - 7 EP - 22 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Saskia M. A1 - Bilz, Ludwig T1 - Traditional bullying and cyberbullying at schools in Germany: Results of the HBSC study 2022 and trends from 2009/10 to 2022 T2 - Journal of Health Monitoring N2 - Background: Bullying is a form of violence that is carried out repeatedly, with the intention of causing harm and with an imbalance of power between those involved. Bullying has serious negative effects on the mental health of adolescents and thus represents a significant health risk in childhood and adolescence. Methods: Based on data from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study from the survey year 2022 in Germany (N = 6,475), the prevalence of school bullying and cyberbullying among 11-, 13- and 15-year-olds in Germany was analysed. In addition, the prevalence of school bullying and cyberbullying was analysed as a trend from 2009/10 to 2022 (bullying) and from 2017/18 to 2022 (cyberbullying). Results: Around 14 % of the learners surveyed reported direct experience of bullying at school, and around 7 % reported cyberbullying experiences as bullied and/or bullying victims. Adolescents who identified as gender diverse were particularly likely to report bullying experiences. School bullying decreased over time, but remained stable between 2017/18 and 2022. Cyberbullying, on the other hand, increased in 2022 compared to 2017/18. Conclusions: Experiencing bullying at school and online is an everyday experience for many children and young people, so there is still a need for the broad implementation of effective anti-bullying measures in schools. KW - Bullying KW - Cyberbullying KW - Prevalence KW - Distribution KW - Trends KW - School KW - Children KW - Adolescents KW - Violence KW - HBSC KW - Survey KW - Germany Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.rki.de/EN/Content/Health_Monitoring/Health_Reporting/GBEDownloadsJ/Focus_en/JHealthMonit_2024_01_Bullying.pdf U6 - https://doi.org/10.25646/11872 SN - 2511-2708 VL - 9 IS - 1 SP - 42 EP - 61 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Moor, Irene A1 - Herke, Max A1 - Markert, Jenny A1 - Böhm, Marie A1 - Reiß, Franziska A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Sudeck, Gorden A1 - Winter, Kristina T1 - Trends in health inequalities in childhood and adolescence in Germany: Results of the HBSC study 2009/10 – 2022 T2 - Journal of Health Monitoring N2 - Background: Many studies have identified health inequalities in childhood and adolescence. However, it is unclear how these have developed in recent years, particularly since the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Analyses are based on the German data from the international Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study from 2009/10 (n = 5,005), 2013/14 (n = 5,961), 2017/18 (n = 4,347), and 2022 (n = 6,475). A total of 21,788 students aged approximately between 11 and 15 years were included. Socioeconomic status (SES) was assessed using the Family Affluence Scale (FAS). Several health indicators were analysed stratified by gender using bivariate and multivariate analysis methods. Results: In 2022, there are clear socioeconomic inequalities in life satisfaction, self-rated health, fruit and vegetable consumption, and physical activity. These inequalities remained largely constant or increased between 2009/10 and 2022. Between 2017/18 and 2022, no significant changes in inequalities were found. Conclusions: Health inequalities are persistent and reduce the chances of growing up healthy. There is no evidence that inequalities in the analysed outcomes have changed during the pandemic period (between 2017/18 and 2022). Rather, the changes in the health indicators seem to affect all adolescents in a similar way. KW - Socioeconomic status KW - Self-rated health KW - Nutrition KW - Physical activity KW - Life satisfaction KW - Health equity KW - Children KW - Adolescents KW - Schools KW - HBSC KW - Survey KW - Germany Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.rki.de/EN/Content/Health_Monitoring/Health_Reporting/GBEDownloadsJ/Focus_en/JHealthMonit_2024_01_Health_Inequalities.pdf U6 - https://doi.org/10.25646/11876 SN - 2511-2708 VL - 9 IS - 1 SP - 79 EP - 98 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Winter, Kristina A1 - Moor, Irene A1 - Markert, Jenny A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Bucksch, Jens A1 - Dadaczynski, Kevin A1 - Fischer, Saskia M. A1 - Helmchen, Ronja M. A1 - Kaman, Anne A1 - Möckel, Juliane A1 - Rathmann, Katharina A1 - Ravens-Sieberer, Ulrike A1 - Reiß, Franziska A1 - Schierl, Theresa A1 - Schütz, Raphael A1 - Sendatzki, Saskia A1 - Stürmer, Elisabeth A1 - Sudeck, Gorden A1 - Richter, Matthias T1 - Concept and methodology of the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study – Insights into the current 2022 survey and trends in Germany T2 - Journal of Health Monitoring N2 - Background: Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) is one of the largest international studies on child and adolescent health and cooperates with the World Health Organization (WHO). In Germany, adolescents aged 11, 13 and 15 are surveyed every four years about their health, health behaviour and social conditions. This article describes the HBSC study and in particular the methodology of the current 2022 survey and prior surveys conducted between 2009/10 and 2017/18. Method: 174 schools with a total of 6,475 students participated in the 2022 survey. The survey was conducted using questionnaires and covered a wide range of topics (including mental health, physical activity, bullying experiences, social determinants of health and experiences related to COVID-19). The 2022 survey was complemented by a school principal survey (N = 160). In addition to the current sample, the samples of the three previous surveys with representative data for Germany are presented: 2009/10 (N = 5,005), 2013/14 (N = 5,961) and 2017/18 (N = 4,347). Discussion: The health of children and adolescents is of great public health importance. The HBSC study makes a substantial contribution by providing internationally comparable results, analysing trends, and providing stakeholders with comprehensive and representative health monitoring data. KW - Children KW - Adolescents KW - Students KW - Health Monitoring KW - HBSC KW - Trends KW - Prevalences KW - Schools KW - Survey KW - Cross-Sectional Study KW - Germany Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.rki.de/EN/Content/Health_Monitoring/Health_Reporting/GBEDownloadsJ/ConceptsMethods_en/JHealthMonit_2024_01_Concept_Methodology_HBSC.pdf U6 - https://doi.org/10.25646/11878 SN - 2511-2708 VL - 9 IS - 1 SP - 99 EP - 117 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bammert, Philip A1 - Schüttig, Wiebke A1 - Iashchenko, Iryna A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Rattay, Petra A1 - Schneider, Sven A1 - Richter, Matthias A1 - Pischke, Claudia R. A1 - Dragano, Nico A1 - Sundmacher, Leonie T1 - The role of sociodemographic, psychosocial, and behavioral factors in the use of preventive healthcare services in children and adolescents: results of the KiGGS Wave 2 study T2 - BMC Pediatrics N2 - Background: In Germany, various preventive services are offered to children and adolescents. These include regular standardized examinations (so called U/J examinations) and several vaccinations. Although strongly recommended, most of them are not mandatory. Our aim is to identify factors associated with the use of U/J examinations and vaccination against diphtheria, hepatitis B, Hib, pertussis, polio, and tetanus. While previous research has focused on sociodemographic factors, we also include socioeconomic, behavioral, and psychosocial factors. Methods: We analyzed cross-sectional data from 15,023 participants (aged 0-17 years) of the nationwide representative KiGGS Wave 2 Survey. Participation in U/J examinations was assessed using a questionnaire, filled out by participants and/or their parents. Information on vaccination status was drawn from the participants' vaccination booklets. To identify relevant determinants for the use of preventive examinations and vaccinations, unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression models were employed with up to 16 different independent variables. Results: Various independent variables showed an association with the use of preventive services. Higher socioeconomic status, absence of migration background, and lower household size were associated with significantly higher utilization of U examinations. Parents' marital status, area of residence, behavioral and psychosocial factors yielded insignificant results for most U/J examinations. Higher vaccination rates were found for children with no migration background, with residence in eastern Germany, lower household size, and with married parents. Conclusion: This study attempted to depict the influence of sociodemographic, psychosocial, and behavioral factors on the use of several preventive services. Our results indicate that predominantly sociodemographic variables influence the use of preventive services. Further efforts should be made to investigate the interplay of different determinants of healthcare use in children and adolescents. KW - Healthcare use KW - Inequity KW - Pediatrics KW - Prevention KW - Vaccination Y1 - 2024 UR - https://bmcpediatr.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12887-024-04650-0 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-024-04650-0 SN - 1471-2431 VL - 24 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bammert, Philip A1 - Schüttig, Wiebke A1 - Novelli, Anna A1 - Iashchenko, Iryna A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Blume, Miriam A1 - Diehl, Katharina A1 - Moor, Irene A1 - Dragano, Nico A1 - Sundmacher, Leonie T1 - The role of mesolevel characteristics of the health care system and socioeconomic factors on health care use - results of a scoping review T2 - International Journal for Equity in Health N2 - Background: Besides macrolevel characteristics of a health care system, mesolevel access characteristics can exert influence on socioeconomic inequalities in healthcare use. These reflect access to healthcare, which is shaped on a smaller scale than the national level, by the institutions and establishments of a health system that individuals interact with on a regular basis. This scoping review maps the existing evidence about the influence of mesolevel access characteristics and socioeconomic position on healthcare use. Furthermore, it summarizes the evidence on the interaction between mesolevel access characteristics and socioeconomic inequalities in healthcare use. Methods: We used the databases MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, Scopus, and PsycINFO and followed the 'Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR)' recommendations. The included quantitative studies used a measure of socioeconomic position, a mesolevel access characteristic, and a measure of individual healthcare utilisation. Studies published between 2000 and 2020 in high income countries were considered. Results: Of the 9501 potentially eligible manuscripts, 158 studies were included after a two-stage screening process. The included studies contained a wide spectrum of outcomes and were thus summarised to the overarching categories: use of preventive services, use of curative services, and potentially avoidable service use. Exemplary outcomes were screening uptake, physician visits and avoidable hospitalisations. Access variables included healthcare system characteristics such as physician density or distance to physician. The effects of socioeconomic position on healthcare use as well as of mesolevel access characteristics were investigated by most studies. The results show that socioeconomic and access factors play a crucial role in healthcare use. However, the interaction between socioeconomic position and mesolevel access characteristics is addressed in only few studies. Conclusions: Socioeconomic position and mesolevel access characteristics are important when examining variation in healthcare use. Additionally, studies provide initial evidence that moderation effects exist between the two factors, although research on this topic is sparse. Further research is needed to investigate whether adapting access characteristics at the mesolevel can reduce socioeconomic inequity in health care use. KW - Access KW - Healthcare use KW - Inequities KW - Mesoleve KW - Scoping review Y1 - 2024 UR - https://equityhealthj.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12939-024-02122-6 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-024-02122-6 SN - 1475-9276 VL - 23 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meyer, Antoine A1 - Meier, Martin A1 - Motuz, Vasyl A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Thermo-electric convection in a cylindrical annulus during a sounding rocket flight T2 - Journal of Fluid Mechanics Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2023.677 SN - 0022-1120 VL - 972 IS - A26 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Varatharajulu Purgunan, Gokkul Raj A1 - Asli, Majid A1 - Nacci, Teodosio A1 - Misul, Daniela Anna A1 - Salvadori, Simone A1 - Stathopoulos, Panagiotis T1 - Film Cooling Modeling in a Turbine Working under the Unsteady Exhaust Flow of Pulsed Detonation Combustion T2 - Energies N2 - Pressure gain combustors (PGCs) have demonstrated significant advantages over conventional combustors in gas turbine engines by increasing the thermal efficiency and reducing the pollution emission level. PGCs use shock waves to transfer energy which contributes to the increase in outlet total pressure. One of the major obstacles in the actual implementation of PGCs in the gas turbine cycle is the exploitation of the highly unsteady flow of the combustor outlet with the downstream turbine. Because of the higher outlet temperature from the PGCs, the turbine blade cooling becomes essential. Due to the highly fluctuating unsteady flow of PGCs, 3D CFD simulation of turbines becomes very expensive. In this work, an alternative approach of using a 1D unsteady Euler model for the turbine is proposed. One of the novel aspects of this paper is to implement the turbine blade cooling in the unsteady 1D Euler model. The main parameters required for the turbine blade cooling are the cooling air mass flow rate, temperature, and pressure. Due to the introduction of coolant flow, the blades are no longer adiabatic and the mass flow rate across the turbine is not constant. Comparing the 1D Euler results against zero-dimensional calculation and 3D CFD approach showed a very good match for both steady and unsteady simulations confirming the applicability of the 1D method. KW - Pressure gain combustion KW - Turbomachinery KW - Cooling Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/17/6/1312 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/en17061312 SN - 1996-1073 VL - 17 IS - 6 SP - 1 EP - 20 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kutukova, Kristina A1 - Lechowski, Bartlomiej A1 - Grenzer, Joerg A1 - Krueger, Peter A1 - Clausner, André A1 - Zschech, Ehrenfried T1 - Laboratory High-Contrast X-ray Microscopy of Copper Nanostructures Enabled by a Liquid-Metal-Jet X-ray Source T2 - Nanomaterials N2 - High-resolution imaging of Cu/low-k on-chip interconnect stacks in advanced micro-electronic products is demonstrated using full-field transmission X-ray microscopy (TXM). The comparison of two lens-based laboratory X-ray microscopes that are operated at two different photon energies, 8.0 keV and 9.2 keV, shows a contrast enhancement for imaging of copper nanostructures embedded in insulating organosilicate glass of a factor of 5 if 9.2 keV photons are used. Photons with this energy (Ga-Kα radiation) are generated from a Ga-containing target of a laboratory X-ray source applying the liquid-metal-jet technology. The 5 times higher contrast compared to the use of Cu-Kα radiation (8.0 keV photon energy) from a rotating anode X-ray source is caused by the fact that the energy of the Ga-Kα emission line is slightly higher than that of the Cu-K absorption edge (9.0 keV photon energy). The use of Ga-Kα radiation is of particular advantage for imaging of copper interconnects with dimensions from several 100 nm down to several 10 nm in a Cu/SiO2 or Cu/low-k backend-of-line stack. Physical failure analysis and reliability engineering in the semiconductor industry will benefit from high-contrast X-ray images of sub-µm copper structures in microchips. KW - X-ray microscopy KW - radiography KW - image contrast KW - nanostructure KW - physical failure analysis KW - copper interconnects Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/nano14050448 SN - 2079-4991 VL - 14 IS - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fellah, Mamoun A1 - Hezil, Naouel A1 - Bouras, Dikra A1 - Bouchareb, Nabila A1 - Larios, Alejandro Perez A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - El-Hiti, Gamal A. A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Investigating the effect of Zr content on electrochemical and tribological properties of newly developed near β-type Ti-alloys (Ti–25Nb-xZr) for biomedical applications T2 - Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices N2 - In order to create alloys with exceptional properties for orthopedic uses, this study focuses on the impact of zirconium (Zr) content on the structural, electrochemical, and tribological qualities of nanostructured Ti–25Nb-xZr [x = 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 atomic (at.) %] alloys. The structural evolution was investigated using XRD and SEM techniques. The mechanical characteristics of the produced alloys, including Vickers hardness and Young's modulus, were measured. In addition, the corrosion tests were performed using the OCP, EIS, and PD methods in Ringer's solution within the independent pH range at 37 °C. A ball-on-disc tribometer was used to investigate the tribological behavior of the alloys under various loads and wet conditions using the Ringer solution. It has been verified that Zr content (at. %) in the alloys had an impact on their morphologies, structural evolution, and mechanical characteristics. According to the morphological analysis, the particle and crystallite size decreases with increasing Zr content. Young's modulus and Vickers hardness show the same tendency. The EIS data demonstrated that a single passive film formed on the alloy surfaces, and the addition of Zr enhanced the corrosion resistance of the passive films. The polarization curves demonstrate that the alloys had low corrosion current densities and large passive areas without the passive films disintegrating. Likewise, the inclusion of Zr resulted in a reduction in the corrosion and passive current densities values. All of these results suggested that the titanium alloys exhibit a more noble electrochemical activity caused by Zr. From the tribological perspective, it was found that the friction coefficient of the alloys reduced with increasing Zr content. KW - Ti-Nb-Zr alloys KW - Nanobiomaterials KW - Tribological behavior KW - Corrosion KW - Ringer's solution KW - Biomedical applications Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468217924000261 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsamd.2024.100695 SN - 2468-2179 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kaman, Anne A1 - Ottová-Jordan, Veronika A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Sudeck, Gorden A1 - Moor, Irene A1 - Ravens-Sieberer, Ulrike T1 - Subjektive Gesundheit und Wohlbefinden von Kindern und Jugendlichen in Deutschland – Querschnittergebnisse der HBSC-Studie 2017/18 T2 - Journal of Health Monitoring N2 - Subjektive Gesundheit wird als multidimensionales Konstrukt verstanden, welches körperliche, seelische und soziale Dimensionen des Wohlbefindens einer Person umfasst. Die Förderung der subjektiven Gesundheit und des Wohlbefindens von Kindern und Jugendlichen ist von hoher Public-Health-Relevanz, da gesundheitliche Beeinträchtigungen oftmals mit langfristigen Gesundheitsproblemen im späteren Erwachsenenalter einhergehen. Informationen über mögliche Risikofaktoren und Ressourcen sind daher von zentraler Bedeutung. In diesem Beitrag werden aktuelle Prävalenzen zum subjektiven Gesundheitszustand, zur Lebenszufriedenheit und zu psychosomatischen Beschwerden von 11-, 13- und 15-jährigen Kindern und Jugendlichen in Deutschland aus der „Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC)“-Studie 2017/18 berichtet (N=4.347, 53,0 % Mädchen). Zudem werden soziodemografische und psychosoziale Einflussfaktoren des subjektiven Wohlbefindens untersucht. Die meisten Kinder und Jugendlichen schätzten ihre Gesundheit und Lebenszufriedenheit positiv ein. Dennoch litt etwa ein Drittel der Mädchen und ein Fünftel der Jungen unter mehreren (multiplen) psychosomatischen Beschwerden. Beeinträchtigungen im subjektiven Wohlbefinden zeigten sich vor allem bei Mädchen, älteren Jugendlichen, Jugendlichen mit niedrigerem familiären Wohlstand sowie bei hoher schulischer Belastung. Eine hohe familiäre Unterstützung war hingegen mit einem besseren subjektiven Wohlbefinden assoziiert. Die Ergebnisse verdeutlichen die Notwendigkeit zielgruppenspezifischer Angebote der Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung, um die subjektive Gesundheit und das Wohlbefinden von Kindern und Jugendlichen zu fördern. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.rki.de/DE/Content/Gesundheitsmonitoring/Gesundheitsberichterstattung/GBEDownloadsJ/Focus/JoHM_03_2020_HBSC_Subjektive_Gesundheit.pdf U6 - https://doi.org/10.25646/6891 SN - 2511-2708 VL - 5 IS - 3 SP - 7 EP - 21 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Moor, Irene A1 - Winter, Kristina A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Bucksch, Jens A1 - Finne, Emily A1 - John, Nancy A1 - Kolip, Petra A1 - Paulsen, Lisa A1 - Ravens-Sieberer, Ulrike A1 - Schlattmann, Marina A1 - Sudeck, Gorden A1 - Brindley, Catherina A1 - Kaman, Anne A1 - Richter, Matthias T1 - Die Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC)-Studie 2017/18 – Methodik der Kinder- und Jugendgesundheits­studie der Weltgesundheitsorganisation T2 - Journal of Health Monitoring N2 - Die „Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC)“-Studie ist ein international kooperatives Forschungsprojekt, das von der Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO) seit über 35 Jahren unterstützt wird. HBSC ist die weltweit größte Studie zur Kinder- und Jugendgesundheit und für die WHO eine der wichtigsten Datengrundlagen zur international vergleichenden Gesundheitsberichterstattung. Im vierjährigen Turnus werden Daten zur Gesundheit und zum Gesundheitsverhalten von Schülerinnen und Schülern im Alter von 11, 13 und 15 Jahren sowie zu den Rahmenbedingungen für ein gesundes Aufwachsen erhoben. Insgesamt gehören 50 Länder dem HBSC-Netzwerk an, an dem Survey 2017/18 beteiligten sich insgesamt 45 Länder. Deutschland beteiligt sich seit 1993/94 an der HBSC-Studie. Für die aktuelle Erhebung 2017/18 in Deutschland wurden Schülerinnen und Schüler an 146 Schulen befragt (Responserate Schulen: 15,6 %). Insgesamt konnte für Deutschland eine Netto-Stichprobe von n=4.347 Mädchen und Jungen (Responserate: 52,7 %) erzielt werden. Die freiwillige Teilnahme an der Befragung erfolgte in ganzen Schulklassen der Jahrgangsstufen fünf, sieben und neun. Mit Hilfe einer Gewichtung sind repräsentative Aussagen zur gesundheitlichen Lage von Kindern und Jugendlichen in Deutschland möglich. Die HBSC-Studie leistet einen wichtigen Beitrag für die Gesundheitsberichterstattung und bietet wichtige Ansatzpunkte für die Identifikation von Bedarfen, Risikogruppen und Handlungsfeldern, um gezielte und bedarfsorientierte Maßnahmen zur Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung im Setting Schule zu initiieren. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.rki.de/DE/Content/Gesundheitsmonitoring/Gesundheitsberichterstattung/GBEDownloadsJ/ConceptsMethods/JoHM_03_2020_HBSC_Methodik.pdf U6 - https://doi.org/10.25646/6896 SN - 2511-2708 VL - 5 IS - 3 SP - 93 EP - 108 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Czymai, Max T1 - Die Cultural Theory of Risk als Erweiterung des systemtheoretischen Konfliktanalyserahmens für transdisziplinäre Forschungsprojekte T2 - Soziologie und Nachhaltigkeit N2 - Transdisziplinäre Forschungsprojekte beschäftigen sich häufig mit Problemkomplexen wie dem anthropogenen Klimawandel, dem Umgang mit seinen Folgen sowie den Möglichkeiten zur Mitigation. In der Regel geht damit der Anspruch einher, die gesellschaftliche Wirklichkeit in Richtung nachhaltiger, sozial-ökologischer Transformation mitzugestalten. Infolgedessen treffen innerhalb solcher Projekte unterschiedliche Handlungsorientierungen und Risikowahrnehmungen aufeinander, was zu Konflikten führen kann und einen Konfliktanalyserahmen erforderlich macht. Einen solchen stellt der vorliegende Beitrag vor. Hierbei wird an einen bestehenden systemtheoretischen Konfliktanalyserahmen angeknüpft, welcher mithilfe der Cultural Theory of Risk erweitert wird, um identifizierte Leerstellen zu schließen. Bei diesen Leerstellen handelt es sich um die Nichtberücksichtigung der Binnenheterogenität in gesellschaftlichen Teilsystemen und das Fehlen von Verfahren, um akzeptanzfähige Entscheidungen in transdisziplinären Forschungsprojekten zu treffen. Um diesen Leerstellen zu begegnen, wird sich für eine Synthese der beiden theoretischen Perspektiven in Form eines kombinierten Analyserahmens ausgesprochen. Transdisciplinary research projects often deal with complex problems such as anthropogenic climate change, how to deal with its consequences and the possibilities for mitigation. This is often accompanied by the goal of helping to shape society in the direction of sustainable, socio-ecological transformation. As a result, different risk perceptions and ideas on how to deal with risks come together within such projects. This can lead to conflicts and makes a conflict analysis framework necessary. This paper presents such a conflict analysis framework. It builds on an existing systems-theoretical conflict analysis framework, which is extended with the help of the Cultural Theory of Risk. This extension is intended to fill identified gaps. These gaps are the disregard of internal heterogeneity in social subsystems and the lack of procedures to make acceptable decisions in transdisciplinary research projects. To address these gaps, a synthesis of the two theoretical perspectives in the form of a combined analytical framework is advocated. circumstance; second, they indicate different localizations of the locus of control of transformation processes. KW - Transdisziplinarität KW - Cultural Theory of Risk KW - existenzielle Problemkomplexe KW - Systemtheorie KW - Konfliktanalyserahmen Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.uni-muenster.de/Ejournals/index.php/sun/article/view/4956/5063 U6 - https://doi.org/10.17879/sun-2023-4956 SN - 2364-1282 VL - 9 IS - 1 SP - 64 EP - 83 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fotiadis, Kyriakos A1 - Asimakopoulou, Akrivi A1 - Baltzopoulou, Penelope A1 - Kastrinaki, Georgia A1 - Koutsonikolas, Dimitrios A1 - Karagiannakis, George A1 - Skevis, George A1 - Richter, Jana A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - Experimental Characterization of a Novel Foam Burner Design for the Low-Excess-Enthalpy Combustion of Very Lean Syngas Mixtures T2 - Energies N2 - In the present work, a novel foam burner design is proposed and experimentally evaluated for operation with highly diluted syngas mixtures. The lab-scale burner consists of a purpose-built, square-shaped, high-temperature-grade stainless steel tubular reactor filled with square-sectioned siliconized silico carbide (SiSiC) foams. The assembly was installed in an electrical furnace. Spatially resolved temperature measurements were obtained along the reactor axis, while simultaneous measurements of CO, CO2, H2, O2, and N2 were taken at the burner exit and the water levels were recorded upstream and downstream of the reactor. The results clearly show that flames can be stabilized along the reactor for a range of foam characteristics and operating conditions. Hydrogen conversion efficiencies in excess of 98%, and overall thermal efficiencies close to 95% were achieved for the selected operating conditions. Overall, the denser 10 ppi foam demonstrated superior combustion characteristics in terms of stability, lower enthalpy rises, and a wider operating range at the expense of a very modest pressure drop penalty. Finally, scanning electron microscopy, coupled with energy dispersion spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) and Raman spectroscopy analyses, was used to determine the morphological and compositional characteristics of the pristine and aged foams. After more than 100 h of operation, no significant performance degradation was observed, even though the burner design was subjected to considerable thermal stress. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org//10.3390/en16197014 SN - 1996-1073 VL - 16 IS - 19 SP - 7014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schnellenbach, Jan T1 - The Concept of Ordnungspolitik: Rule-Based Economic Policy-Making from the Perspective of the Freiburg School T2 - Public Choice Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11127-021-00903-z SN - 1573-7101 VL - 195 SP - 283 EP - 300 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Keller, Florian A1 - Lee, Roh Pin A1 - Meyer, Bernd T1 - Life cycle assessment of global warming potential, resource depletion and acidification potential of fossil, renewable and secondary feedstock for olefin production in Germany T2 - Journal of Cleaner Production N2 - Lower olefins are the second most resource and emission intensive products in the manufacturing sector in Germany. Replacing conventional fossil feedstock with renewable or secondary feedstock thus represents a viable possibility to significantly increase the sustainability of the German industry. The environmental impact associated with olefin production is generally determined by feedstock and energy supply as well as the production technology. In the present study, the environmental effects of the utilization of conventional and alternative feedstock are assessed in the form of a cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment performed in GaBi LCA software. The assessment focused on global warming potential, fossil resource depletion and acidification potential of olefin production in Germany. Investigated raw materials included fossil resources in crude oil and shale gas, renewable resources in wood and maize-based biogas as well as secondary resources in municipal solid waste and flue gas-based carbon dioxide. Life cycle inventory data for olefin production are obtained by process simulation using Aspen Plus. Technologically, syngas-based olefin production is characterized by a lower product carbon recovery compared to direct cracker-based olefin production. By integrating upstream impacts, renewable-based production is observed to lead to negative effective greenhouse gas emissions and low resource demand, but showed significant acidification potential from agricultural feedstock production. Due to the avoidance of waste incineration, olefin production via waste gasification is associated with significant benefits in terms of greenhouse gas emissions, despite the substitution of waste-based electricity generation with other energy sources. The utilization of carbon dioxide from flue gas displayed the highest electricity demand by means of hydrogen generation. Therefore, a high level of renewable energy integration is required to be environmentally viable. KW - Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering KW - Strategy and Management KW - General Environmental Science KW - Renewable Energy KW - Sustainability and the Environment Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119484 SN - 0959-6526 VL - 250 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lee, Roh Pin A1 - Scheibe, Alexander T1 - The politics of a carbon transition : an analysis of political indicators for a transformation in the German chemical industry T2 - Journal of Cleaner Production N2 - Globally, the chemical industry is under pressure to reevaluate its dependence on imported crude oil and natural gas as raw materials and to undergo a carbon transition which is based on the sustainable utilization of domestic primary and secondary carbon feedstock alternatives for its chemical production. While industry and political interest in different carbon transition options is observable, decision-makers can be paralyzed by indecision due to challenges posed by conflicting policy targets, complexity of the regulatory environment as well as path dependence along institutional and socio-political dimensions. To support appraisal of the politics of a carbon transition in the chemical industry, a case analysis of the German chemical industry using three political indicators namely supply security, carbon pricing and regulatory framework is carried out. In addition to imported crude oil and natural gas, the case analysis evaluated biomass (biogas and wood waste), coal (bituminous coal and lignite), carbon dioxide and waste (municipal waste, sewage sludge and plastics) as alternative primary and secondary carbon feedstock for chemical production. The political indicators provided important quantitative and qualitative information of systemic impacts associated with different carbon feedstock options and supported a comparative overview of political drivers and obstacles, as well as trade-off challenges and uncertainties faced along the political dimension in promoting different carbon transition options for the German chemical industry. This study represents a first effort to illustrate and break down the complexity of the political dimension of a transformation in the chemical industry. The approach utilized is transferrable to other contexts and sectors to support political evaluations of sustainability transitions. KW - Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering KW - Strategy and Management KW - General Environmental Science KW - Renewable Energy KW - Sustainability and the Environment Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118629 SN - 0959-6526 VL - 244 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lee, Roh Pin T1 - Alternative carbon feedstock for the chemical industry?: Assessing the challenges posed by the human dimension in the carbon transition T2 - Journal of Cleaner Production N2 - Our society faces a carbon dilemma whereby there is an imbalance between our need for carbon and the dark side of its utilization. Unlike electricity, heat and mobility sectors where a transition towards renewable energy sources is possible, the chemical industry has no alternative to carbon sources for its production. This paper carried out a case analysis of the German chemical industry. The objective is to identify challenges posed by the human dimension for its carbon transition from a dependence on imported carbon resources towards cleaner and sustainable production using domestic primary and secondary carbon feedstock alternatives. Findings from a representative survey study carried out in Germany in October 2017 showed widespread public misconceptions regarding what are carbon sources and a lack of mental associations regarding the use of domestic biomass, coal, waste and CO2 as feedstock alternatives for chemical production. Furthermore, significant regional difference in support/resistance for coal-to-chemicals as a carbon transition route is also observed. This paper represents a first effort to bridge the gap between transition and circular economy research to facilitate the early identification of human-related barriers to a carbon transition for the chemical industry. KW - Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering KW - Strategy and Management KW - General Environmental Science KW - Renewable Energy KW - Sustainability and the Environment Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.01.316 SN - 0959-6526 VL - 219 SP - 786 EP - 796 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lee, Roh Pin A1 - Keller, Florian A1 - Meyer, Bernd T1 - A concept to support the transformation from a linear to circular carbon economy: net zero emissions, resource efficiency and conservation through a coupling of the energy, chemical and waste management sectors T2 - Clean Energy N2 - Coal and carbon-containing waste are valuable primary and secondary carbon carriers. In the current dominant linear economy, such carbon resources are generally combusted to produce electricity and heat and as a way to resolve a nation’s waste issue. Not only is this a wastage of precious carbon resources, which can be chemically utilized as raw materials for production of other value-added goods, it is also contrary to international efforts to reduce carbon emissions and increase resource efficiency and conservation. This article presents a concept to support the transformation from a linear ‘one-way cradle to grave manufacturing model’ toward a circular carbon economy. The development of new and sustainable value chains through the utilization of coal and waste as alternative raw materials for the chemical industry via a coupling of the energy, chemical and waste management sectors offers a viable and future-oriented perspective for closing the carbon cycle. Further benefits also include a lowering of the carbon footprint and increasing resource efficiency and conservation of primary carbon resources. In addition, technological innovations and developments that are necessary to support a successful sector coupling will be identified. To illustrate our concept, a case analysis of domestic coal and waste as alternative feedstock to imported crude oil for chemical production in Germany will be presented. Last but not least, challenges posed by path dependency along technological, institutional and human dimensions in the sociotechnical system for a successful transition toward a circular carbon economy will be discussed. KW - Management KW - Energy Engineering and Power Technology KW - Renewable Energy KW - Environmental Engineering KW - Monitoring KW - Policy and Law KW - Sustainability and the Environment Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/ce/zkx004 SN - 2515-4230 VL - 1 IS - 1 SP - 102 EP - 113 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meyer, Bernd A1 - Keller, Florian A1 - Wolfersdorf, Christian A1 - Lee, Roh Pin T1 - Ein Konzept für die Kohlenstoffkreislaufwirtschaft : Sektorkopplung zwischen Energie, Chemie & Abfall T2 - Chemie Ingenieur Technik N2 - Ein Konzept zur CO2‐emissionsfreien Schließung des Kohlenstoffkreislaufes durch Kopplung von CO2‐emissionsamer Kohlechemie, Abfallwirtschaft und Energiewirtschaft mithilfe der Co‐Vergasung von Kohle und Abfall unter Einbindung von regenerativ erzeugtem Wasserstoff wird vorgestellt. Ziel ist die Erreichung der CO2‐Emissionsfreiheit durch Einkopplung Erneuerbarer Energie. Am Beispiel der Olefinproduktion in Deutschland wird der dafür erforderliche Bedarf ermittelt. Im Vergleich zeichnet sich die Vergasungsroute durch einen um etwa Faktor zwei geringeren Energiebedarf aus. KW - Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering KW - General Chemical Engineering KW - General Chemistry Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cite.201700088 SN - 0009-286X VL - 90 IS - 1-2 SP - 241 EP - 248 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lee, Roh Pin A1 - Wolfersdorf, Christian A1 - Keller, Florian A1 - Meyer, Bernd T1 - Towards a closed carbon cycle and achieving a circular economy for carbonaceous resources : Net zero emissions, resource efficiency and resource conservation through coupling of the energy, chemical and recycling sectors T2 - Erdöl, Erdgas, Kohle N2 - Lignite and carbonaceous waste are valuable primary and secondary carbon carriers. The projected increased reduction in lignite for electricity production in Germany, the need to increase carbonaceous waste recycling as well as the anticipated availability of renewable electricity from Germany's energy transition all point to a high potential for closing the carbon cycle (C³) for the nation's carbon intensive industries. In this article, we present a concept for achieving net zero emissions, resource efficiency and conservation by coupling the energy, chemical and recycling sectors to support a circular carbon economy. To illustrate our concept, results from process model evaluations of domestic carbon feedstock (i.e. plastic waste and lignite) for olefins production in Germany are presented. KW - circular economy KW - carbon cycle Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.19225/170603 SN - 0179-3187 VL - 6 SP - 76 EP - 80 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Idemudia, Itohan A1 - Fening, Ken Okwae A1 - Agboyi, Lakpo Koku A1 - Wilson, David A1 - Clottey, Victor Attuquaye A1 - Beseh, Patrick A1 - Aigbedion-Atalor, Pascal T1 - First report of the predatory potential and functional response of the red flower assassin bug Rhynocoris segmentarius (Germar), a natural enemy of Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) T2 - Biological Control KW - Insect Science KW - Agronomy and Crop Science Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2024.105465 SN - 1049-9644 VL - 191 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Aigbedion-Atalor, Pascal A1 - Fening, Ken Okwae A1 - Adeyemi, Akinyemi O. A1 - Idemudia, Itohan A1 - Ojukwu, Kenechukwu Chukwuemeka A1 - Nwobodo, Maureen Amuche A1 - Sunday, Oghenetega A1 - Isiogu, Nnenna Chinyelu A1 - Oke, Abiola O. T1 - Regenerative edible insects for food, feed, and sustainable livelihoods in Nigeria: Consumption, potential and prospects T2 - Future Foods KW - Food Science Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fufo.2024.100309 SN - 2666-8335 VL - 9 SP - 1 EP - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Preußer, Daniel A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Juretzek, Thomas T1 - Effects of antibiotics ceftriaxone and levofloxacin on the growth of Protophormia terraenovae (Diptera: Calliphoridae) T2 - Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology N2 - AbstractProtophormia terraenovae is a colonizer of decomposing bodies and is known to cause pre-mortem myiasis as the female flies lay eggs in uncleaned wounds. In this study the effects of different concentrations of antibiotics levofloxacin and ceftriaxone on maggot development, weight, length, and mortality were examined. The maggot length and weight were significantly increased by therapeutical doses of levofloxacin and ceftriaxone. The maggot development time was significantly decreased in every levofloxacin treatment compared to the control. The time to start pupation was significantly increased in the control compared to the antibiotic treatments. Levofloxacin significantly increased the survivability of the maggots. Every levofloxacin treatment significantly improved the rearing conditions for the maggots. Reaching the third instar was delayed by 24 h in the control compared to the Levo 3.57 treatment. The Pupation in the control was delayed by an average of 48 h compared to the Levo 3.57 treatment. The significantly reduced development time of the maggots in the antibiotic treatments might lead to an overestimation of the post-mortem interval and therefore an incorrect time of death determination. The improved rearing conditions may be an indication of the potential of a combined application of antibiotics and maggot therapy. KW - General Medicine KW - Pathology and Forensic Medicine Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12024-024-00804-9 SN - 1556-2891 SP - 1 EP - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Neyret, Margot A1 - Le Provost, Gaëtane A1 - Boesing, Andrea Larissa A1 - Schneider, Florian D. A1 - Baulechner, Dennis A1 - Bergmann, Joana A1 - Vries, Franciska T. de A1 - Fiore-Donno, Anna Maria A1 - Geisen, Stefan A1 - Goldmann, Kezia A1 - Merges, Anna A1 - Saifutdinov, Ruslan A. A1 - Simons, Nadja K. A1 - Tobias, Joseph A. A1 - Zaitsev, Andrey S. A1 - Gossner, Martin M. A1 - Jung, Kirsten A1 - Kandeler, Ellen A1 - Krauss, Jochen A1 - Penone, Caterina A1 - Schloter, Michael A1 - Schulz, Stefanie A1 - Staab, Michael A1 - Wolters, Volkmar A1 - Apostolakis, Antonios A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Boch, Steffen A1 - Boeddinghaus, Runa S. A1 - Bolliger, Ralph A1 - Bonkowski, Michael A1 - Buscot, François A1 - Dumack, Kenneth A1 - Fischer, Markus A1 - Gan, Huei Ying A1 - Heinze, Johannes A1 - Hölzel, Norbert A1 - John, Katharina A1 - Klaus, Valentin H. A1 - Kleinebecker, Till A1 - Marhan, Sven A1 - Müller, Jörg A1 - Renner, Swen C. A1 - Rillig, Matthias C. A1 - Schenk, Noëlle V. A1 - Schöning, Ingo A1 - Schrumpf, Marion A1 - Seibold, Sebastian A1 - Socher, Stephanie A. A1 - Solly, Emily F. A1 - Teuscher, Miriam A1 - Kleunen, Mark van A1 - Wubet, Tesfaye A1 - Manning, Peter T1 - A slow-fast trait continuum at the whole community level in relation to land-use intensification T2 - Nature Communications N2 - AbstractOrganismal functional strategies form a continuum from slow- to fast-growing organisms, in response to common drivers such as resource availability and disturbance. However, whether there is synchronisation of these strategies at the entire community level is unclear. Here, we combine trait data for 2800 above- and belowground taxa from 14 trophic guilds spanning a disturbance and resource availability gradient in German grasslands. The results indicate that most guilds consistently respond to these drivers through both direct and trophically mediated effects, resulting in a ‘slow-fast’ axis at the level of the entire community. Using 15 indicators of carbon and nutrient fluxes, biomass production and decomposition, we also show that fast trait communities are associated with faster rates of ecosystem functioning. These findings demonstrate that ‘slow’ and ‘fast’ strategies can be manifested at the level of whole communities, opening new avenues of ecosystem-level functional classification. KW - General Physics and Astronomy KW - General Biochemistry KW - General Chemistry KW - Multidisciplinary KW - Genetics and Molecular Biology Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-45113-5 SN - 2041-1723 VL - 15 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lee, Roh Pin T1 - Misconceptions and biases in German students’ perception of multiple energy sources : implications for science education T2 - International Journal of Science Education N2 - Misconceptions and biases in energy perception could influence people's support for developments integral to the success of restructuring a nation’s energy system. Science education, in equipping young adults with the cognitive skills and knowledge necessary to navigate in the confusing energy environment, could play a key role in paving the way for informed decision-making. This study examined German students’ knowledge of the contribution of diverse energy sources to their nation’s energy mix as well as their affective energy responses so as to identify implications for science education. Specifically, the study investigated whether and to what extent students hold mistaken beliefs about the role of multiple energy sources in their nation’s energy mix, and assessed how misconceptions could act as self-generated reference points to underpin support/resistance of proposed developments. An in-depth analysis of spontaneous affective associations with five key energy sources also enabled the identification of underlying concerns driving people’s energy responses and facilitated an examination of how affective perception, in acting as a heuristic, could lead to biases in energy judgment and decision-making. Finally, subgroup analysis differentiated by education and gender supported insights into a ‘two culture’ effect on energy perception and the challenge it poses to science education. KW - Education KW - subgroup analysis KW - energy knowledge KW - affective imageries Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/09500693.2016.1176277 SN - 0950-0693 VL - 38 IS - 6 SP - 1036 EP - 1056 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lee, Roh Pin T1 - Stability of energy imageries and affect following shocks to the global energy system : the case of Fukushima T2 - Journal of Risk Research N2 - Energy debates in the public sphere are often loaded with emotions. This is especially so following energy catastrophes which call for a more thorough understanding of affective rationality in the energy context. This research contributes to this effort by carrying out an in-depth effort to capture qualitative imageries and quantitative imagery-specific affect associated with nuclear, coal, natural gas, solar, and wind energy sources. Additionally, a detailed analysis of changes to energy imageries and imagery-specific affect in the aftermath of an energy catastrophe (i.e., Fukushima nuclear accident) is carried out. Two hundred and seventy-five German young adults took part in the study between December 2010 and January 2011 (before the Fukushima incident) while 452 young adults participated in the second round of the study between May and August 2011 (after the Fukushima incident). Word associations are used to elicit mental imageries and affect toward multiple energy sources. Content-analysis of imageries and quantitative analysis of the affective evaluation of such imageries revealed several interesting findings. Results provide insights into aspects of each energy source eliciting high levels of concern/support (as indicated by imageries associated with strong negative/positive affect). The robust association of each energy source with particular imageries is found to remain persistent after the Fukushima nuclear accident. While no change in affect toward nuclear and wind imageries are observed, some changes in affect toward imageries associated with coal, natural gas and solar are found. Nevertheless, the observed stability in the majority of qualitative imageries and quantitative imagery-specific affect after the Fukushima incident suggests that affective energy imageries are deeply anchored in people’s minds and point to a potential lock-in of affective mental associations in the energy context. Implications for future research, policy, and managerial decision-makers are discussed. KW - Fukushima KW - stability KW - energy imageries KW - imagery-specific affect Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/13669877.2015.1042501 SN - 1366-9877 VL - 18 IS - 7 SP - 965 EP - 988 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lee, Roh Pin A1 - Gloaguen, Silke T1 - Path-dependence, lock-in, and student perceptions of nuclear energy in France : Implications from a pilot study T2 - Energy Research & Social Science N2 - Past energy development decisions can influence and constrain future choices, leading to a lock-in to a certain energy development path. As a large socio-technical system, such lock-in effects in an energy system extend beyond the techno-institutional environments to its human dimension. This paper represents an exploratory attempt to bridge the gap between individual and group level analyses of the human side of energy systems. A mix-methods study investigated how French engineering students view nuclear energy and why nuclear energy is perceived the way it is. Sixty-seven students participated in a survey and forty-three of them additionally took part in focus groups. Survey findings showed that participants not only strongly associated nuclear energy with specific imageries; they also exhibited a positive perceptual bias toward nuclear energy. Through focus group discussions, we identified six factors contributing to the observed positive nuclear perception namely historical development, education system, political environment, economy, media coverage and societal influences. These factors constitute sources of lock-in and represent barriers to societal support of energy developments that has relevance beyond France and nuclear energy. Implications of study findings for future research and energy decision-makers engaged in the task of changing a nation's energy system are discussed. KW - Nuclear Energy and Engineering KW - Energy Engineering and Power Technology KW - Fuel Technology KW - Renewable Energy KW - Human Resource KW - Sustainability and the Environment Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2015.05.001 SN - 2214-6296 VL - 8 SP - 86 EP - 99 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nippa, Michael A1 - Lee, Roh Pin T1 - Another case of 'same bed, different dreams'? : Assessing divergence and multidimensionality in energy evaluations and implications for interdisciplinary research and energy management T2 - International Journal of Risk Assessment and Management N2 - This study represents an in-depth effort to investigate divergence and multidimensionality in energy evaluations. Two forms of evaluative responses are investigated, namely affective energy perception and cognitive energy beliefs. Specifically, we assessed the role of education background and gender in influencing affective energy perception. Additionally, we examined for multidimensionality in cognitive energy beliefs, 399 university students from engineering and business disciplines and students from a non-university institution participated in a survey in 2011 to assess their affective energy perception as well as their beliefs of social, economic and environmental harms and benefits associated with diverse energy sources. Findings relating to nuclear and fossil-based (i.e., coal, natural gas and oil) energy sources are presented in this paper. Analyses indicate significant divergence in affect towards nuclear energy between young adults from different education disciplines and levels. Findings are also suggestive of an additive effect of education background and gender on energy perception. Furthermore, participants not only significantly differentiated between social, economic and environmental dimensions in their energy beliefs, they also exhibited a general confounding of harm and benefit beliefs. Implications for energy management and interdisciplinary energy research collaborations are discussed. KW - affective energy perception KW - harm-benefit beliefs KW - energy management KW - interdisciplinary research KW - energy research KW - nuclear energy KW - environmental impact KW - fossil fuels Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1504/IJRAM.2015.069024 SN - 1466-8297 VL - 18 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nippa, Michael A1 - Lee, Roh Pin T1 - Gesellschaftliche Akzeptanz der Kohle und die Zukunft der deutschen Kohleforschung T2 - Chemie Ingenieur Technik N2 - In Deutschland formiert sich seit längerem Widerstand gegen die Kohleverstromung und die Nutzung von Kohle. Dies hat auch Auswirkungen auf die Kohleforschung, was zu einem unwiederbringlichen Know‐how‐Verlust führen könnte. Letztlich ergeben sich daraus gravierende Konsequenzen für die nachhaltige Effizienzsteigerung bei Kohletechnologien. Die Akzeptanzforschung zur Kohle am Deutschen EnergieRohstoff‐Zentrum hat eine Reihe von kontraintuitiven Ergebnissen zutage gefördert. Im Beitrag wird das Forschungsprogramm vorgestellt, ausgewählte Ergebnisse beleuchtet und erste Implikationen abgeleitet. KW - Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering KW - Chemical Engineering KW - Chemistry Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cite.201300190 SN - 0009-286X VL - 86 IS - 10 SP - 1669 EP - 1677 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kotlarski, Georgi A1 - Ormanova, Maria A1 - Nikitin, Alexander A1 - Morozova, Iuliia A1 - Ossenbrink, Ralf A1 - Michailov, Vesselin A1 - Doynov, Nikolay A1 - Valkov, Stefan T1 - Structure Formation and Mechanical Properties of Wire Arc Additively Manufactured Al4043 (AlSi5) Components T2 - Metals N2 - In the current paper, the correlation between the physical size of additively built wire arc specimens and their structure and properties is studied. For the purpose of this work, two oval shaped specimens of different lengths were manufactured under the same technological conditions. The specimens have a length of 200 mm and 400 mm and will be referred to as L200 and L400. The microstructure of the samples was studied using X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), optical microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The microhardness, yield strength (YS), and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) were determined and their correlation with the technological conditions of specimen build-up was clarified. The results of the carried out experiments indicated that the crystallographic structure of both specimens is similar. The scanning electron microscopy images show a higher concentration of irregularly shaped micro-pores formed near the edge of the αAl grains in the structure of the L400 specimen compared to the L200 one. An increase in the size of the αAl solid solution grains in the case of the L200 specimen towards its top section was noticed using optical microscopy. A slightly lower magnitude change was noticed concerning the L400 specimen. The increase in the size of the aluminum crystals was determined to be the increasing interpass temperature. Due to the much smaller thermal dissipation capacity of the smaller specimen, the interpass temperature of the same increased faster compared to the larger specimen. All of the above-mentioned factors led to a decrease in the microhardness of the specimens at higher stages of build-up. Since the specimens were deposited using similar layer deposition conditions, the resultant YS and UTS data are also highly comparable. KW - structure KW - morphology KW - hardness KW - tensile strength KW - defects formation KW - WAAM KW - AlSi5 KW - Al4043 KW - GMAW KW - cold arc pulse Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/met14020183 SN - 2075-4701 VL - 14 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knauer, Jan Felix A1 - Schulz, Christian A1 - Zemella, Anne A1 - Wüstenhagen, Doreen A. A1 - Walter, Ruben Magnus A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner A1 - Kubick, Stefan T1 - Synthesis of mono Cytochrome P450 in a modified CHO-CPR cell-free protein production platform T2 - Scientific Reports N2 - AbstractCytochromes P450 (CYPs) are a group of monooxygenases that can be found in almost all kinds of organisms. For CYPs to receive electrons from co-substrate NADPH, the activity of NADPH-Cytochrome-P450-oxidoreductase (CPR) is required as well. In humans, CYPs are an integral part of liver-based phase-1 biotransformation, which is essential for the metabolization of multiple xenobiotics and drugs. Consequently, CYPs are important players during drug development and therefore these enzymes are implemented in diverse screening applications. For these applications it is usually advantageous to use mono CYP microsomes containing only the CYP of interest. The generation of mono-CYP containing mammalian cells and vesicles is difficult since endogenous CYPs are present in many cell types that contain the necessary co-factors. By obtaining translationally active lysates from a modified CHO-CPR cell line, it is now possible to generate mono CYPs in a cell-free protein synthesis process in a straightforward manner. As a proof of principle, the synthesis of active human CYPs from three different CYP450 gene families (CYP1A2, CYP2B6 and CYP3A4), which are of outstanding interest in industry and academia was demonstrated. Luciferase based activity assays confirm the activity of the produced CYPs and enable the individual adaptation of the synthesis process for efficient cell-free enzyme production. Furthermore, they allow for substrate and inhibitor screenings not only for wild-type CYPs but also for mutants and further CYP isoforms and variants. As an example, the turnover of selected CYP substrates by cell-free synthesized CYPs was demonstrated via an indirect luciferase assay-based screening setup. KW - Multidisciplinary Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-51781-6 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 14 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Aftowicz, Marcin A1 - Kabin, Ievgen A1 - Dyka, Zoya A1 - Langendörfer, Peter T1 - Non-Profiled Unsupervised Horizontal Iterative Attack against Hardware Elliptic Curve Scalar Multiplication Using Machine Learning T2 - Future Internet N2 - While IoT technology makes industries, cities, and homes smarter, it also opens the door to security risks. With the right equipment and physical access to the devices, the attacker can leverage side-channel information, like timing, power consumption, or electromagnetic emanation, to compromise cryptographic operations and extract the secret key. This work presents a side channel analysis of a cryptographic hardware accelerator for the Elliptic Curve Scalar Multiplication operation, implemented in a Field-Programmable Gate Array and as an Application-Specific Integrated Circuit. The presented framework consists of initial key extraction using a state-of-the-art statistical horizontal attack and is followed by regularized Artificial Neural Networks, which take, as input, the partially incorrect key guesses from the horizontal attack and correct them iteratively. The initial correctness of the horizontal attack, measured as the fraction of correctly extracted bits of the secret key, was improved from 75% to 98% by applying the iterative learning. KW - side channel analysis KW - machine learning KW - horizontal attack KW - non-profiled attack KW - FPGA KW - ASIC Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/fi16020045 SN - 1999-5903 VL - 16 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwedt, Inge A1 - Collignon, Madeline A1 - Mittelstädt, Carolin A1 - Giudici, Florian A1 - Rapp, Johanna A1 - Meißner, Janek A1 - Link, Hannes A1 - Hertel, Robert A1 - Commichau, Fabian M. T1 - Genomic adaptation of Burkholderia anthina to glyphosate uncovers a novel herbicide resistance mechanism T2 - Environmental Microbiology Reports N2 - Glyphosate (GS) specifically inhibits the 5-enolpyruvyl-shikimate-3-phosphate (EPSP) synthase that converts phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) and shikimate-3-phosphate to EPSP in the shikimate pathway of bacteria and other organisms. The inhibition of the EPSP synthase depletes the cell of the EPSP-derived aromatic amino acids as well as of folate and quinones. A variety of mechanisms (e.g., EPSP synthase modification) has been described that confer GS resistance to bacteria. Here, we show that the Burkholderia anthina strain DSM 16086 quickly evolves GS resistance by the acquisition of mutations in the ppsR gene. ppsR codes for the pyruvate/ortho-Pi dikinase PpsR that physically interacts and regulates the activity of the PEP synthetase PpsA. The mutational inactivation of ppsR causes an increase in the cellular PEP concentration, thereby abolishing the inhibition of the EPSP synthase by GS that competes with PEP for binding to the enzyme. Since the overexpression of the Escherichia coli ppsA gene in Bacillus subtilis and E. coli did not increase GS resistance in these organisms, the mutational inactivation of the ppsR gene resulting in PpsA overactivity is a GS resistance mechanism that is probably unique to B. anthina. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-2229.13184 SN - 1758-2229 VL - 15 IS - 6 SP - 727 EP - 739 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwedt, Inge A1 - Schöne, Kerstin A1 - Eckert, Maike A1 - Pizzinato, Manon A1 - Winkler, Laura A1 - Knotkova, Barbora A1 - Richts, Björn A1 - Hau, Jann‐Louis A1 - Steuber, Julia A1 - Mireles, Raul A1 - Noda‐Garcia, Lianet A1 - Fritz, Günter A1 - Mittelstädt, Carolin A1 - Hertel, Robert A1 - Commichau, Fabian M. T1 - The low mutational flexibility of the EPSP synthase in Bacillus subtilis is due to a higher demand for shikimate pathway intermediates T2 - Environmental Microbiology N2 - Glyphosate (GS) inhibits the 5-enolpyruvyl-shikimate-3-phosphate (EPSP) synthase that is required for aromatic amino acid, folate and quinone biosynthesis in Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli. The inhibition of the EPSP synthase by GS depletes the cell of these metabolites, resulting in cell death. Here, we show that like the laboratory B. subtilis strains also environmental and undomesticated isolates adapt to GS by reducing herbicide uptake. Although B. subtilis possesses a GS-insensitive EPSP synthase, the enzyme is strongly inhibited by GS in the native environment. Moreover, the B. subtilis EPSP synthase mutant was only viable in rich medium containing menaquinone, indicating that the bacteria require a catalytically efficient EPSP synthase under nutrient-poor conditions. The dependency of B. subtilis on the EPSP synthase probably limits its evolvability. In contrast, E. coli rapidly acquires GS resistance by target modification. However, the evolution of a GS-resistant EPSP synthase under non-selective growth conditions indicates that GS resistance causes fitness costs. Therefore, in both model organisms, the proper function of the EPSP synthase is critical for the cellular viability. This study also revealed that the uptake systems for folate precursors, phenylalanine and tyrosine need to be identified and characterized in B. subtilis. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.16518 SN - 1462-2912 SN - 1462-2920 VL - 25 IS - 12 SP - 3604 EP - 3622 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Li, Zheng A1 - Zhang, Qiulei A1 - Shi, Fei A1 - Wang, Jian A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut T1 - Geometric Properties of Steel Components with Stability and Fatigue Risks Using 3D-Laser-Scanning T2 - Buildings N2 - Nowadays, 3D laser scanning technology is extensively employed in laboratory investigations of steel structural components, providing accurate geometric dimensions to reduce uncertainties caused by indeterminate geometry in experimental results. It is often used in conjunction with the Finite Element (FE) Method and analytical solutions, which are more accurate deterministic operators in the research on steel structures. However, establishing a common methodological framework for transferring or mapping 3D-scanned information into finite element models for complex steel structures with stability and fatigue risks remains an ongoing task. In light of this, this study has developed a 3D scanning platform capable of obtaining accurate geometric dimensions for various types of steel components. Different coordinate systems and point cloud mapping algorithms have been established for different types of components to construct actual finite element models with initial imperfections. The feasibility of the self-developed 3D scanning platform and finite element modelling has been validated through three experimental cases: weld details, steel girders, and cylindrical shells. The research findings demonstrate that the captured point cloud can be automatically processed and corrected using the developed algorithm. The scanned data can then be input into the numerical model using various mapping algorithms tailored to the specific geometric properties of the specimens. The differences between the experimental test results and the simulated results obtained from the 3D-scanned finite element models remain within a small range. The self-developed 3D scanning platform and finite element modelling technique effectively capture the actual dimensions of different steel components, enabling the prediction of their stability and fatigue risks through numerical simulations. KW - 3D laser scanning KW - steel structures KW - geometric properties KW - stability KW - fatigue Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14010168 SN - 2075-5309 VL - 14 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Khan, Muhammad Moman A1 - Sidorczuk, Katarzyna A1 - Becker, Juliane A1 - Aleksandrowicz, Adrianna A1 - Baraniewicz, Karolina A1 - Ludwig, Christina A1 - Ali, Aamir A1 - Kingsley, Robert A. A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Kolenda, Rafał T1 - Characterization of clumpy adhesion of Escherichia coli to human cells and associated factors influencing antibiotic sensitivity T2 - Microbiology Spectrum N2 - Escherichia coli intestinal infection pathotypes are characterized by distinct adhesion patterns, including the recently described clumpy adhesion phenotype. Here, we identify and characterize the genetic factors contributing to the clumpy adhesion of E. coli strain 4972. In this strain, the transcriptome and proteome of adhered bacteria were found to be distinct from planktonic bacteria in the supernatant. A total of 622 genes in the transcriptome were differentially expressed in bacteria present in clumps relative to the planktonic bacteria. Seven genes targeted for disruption had variable distribution in different pathotypes and nonpathogenic E. coli, with the pilV and spnT genes being the least frequent or absent from most groups. Deletion (Δ) of five differentially expressed genes, flgH, ffp, pilV, spnT, and yggT, affected motility, adhesion, or antibiotic stress. ΔflgH exhibited 80% decrease and ΔyggT depicted 184% increase in adhesion, and upon complementation, adhesion was significantly reduced to 13%. ΔflgH lost motility and was regenerated when complemented, whereas Δffp had significantly increased motility, and reintroduction of the same gene reduced it to the wild-type level. The clumps produced by Δffp and ΔspnT were more resistant and protected the bacteria, with ΔspnT showing the best clump formation in terms of ampicillin stress protection. ΔyggT had the lowest tolerance to gentamicin, where the antibiotic stress completely eliminated the bacteria. Overall, we were able to investigate the influence of clump formation on cell surface adhesion and antimicrobial tolerance, with the contribution of several factors crucial to clump formation on susceptibility to the selected antibiotics. KW - Infectious Diseases KW - Cell Biology KW - Microbiology (medical) KW - Genetics KW - General Immunology and Microbiology KW - Ecology KW - Physiology Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.02606-23 SN - 2165-0497 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Held, Susanne A1 - Eisenträger, Sascha A1 - Dornisch, Wolfgang T1 - An efficient mass lumping scheme for isogeometric analysis based on approximate dual basis functions T2 - Technische Mechanik N2 - In this contribution, we propose a new mass lumping scheme for explicit dynamics in isogeometric analysis (IGA). To this end, an element formulation based on the idea of dual functionals is developed. Non-Uniform Rational B-splines (NURBS) are applied as shape functions and their corresponding dual basis functions are applied as test functions in the variational form, where two kinds of dual basis functions are compared. The first type are approximate dual basis functions (AD) with varying degree of reproduction, resulting in banded and diagonally-dominant mass matrices. Dual basis functions derived from the inversion of the Gram matrix (IG) are the second type and already yield diagonal mass matrices. We will show that it is possible to apply the dual scheme as a transformation of the resulting system of equations based on NURBS for both – shape and test functions. Hence, it can be easily implemented into existing IGA routines and it is also promising to retain the accuracy known from similar formulations without mass lumping. Applying additional row-sum lumping to the mass matrices is either not necessary for IG or the caused loss of accuracy is lowered to a reasonable magnitude in the case of AD. Numerical examples show a significantly better approximation of the dynamic behavior for the dual lumping scheme compared to standard NURBS approaches making use of conventional row-sum lumping. In a nutshell, applying IG yields accurate numerical results but fully populated stiffness matrices occur, which are entirely unsuitable for explicit dynamic simulations, while combining AD and row-sum lumping leads to efficient dynamical computations, with respect to effort and accuracy. KW - Mass lumping scheme KW - Dual basis functions KW - Isogeometric analysis KW - Explicit dynamics KW - NURBS Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.24352/UB.OVGU-2024-052 SN - 2199-9244 VL - Vol. 44 IS - 1 SP - 14 EP - 46 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Riehle, Eva A1 - Beach, Daniel G. A1 - Multrus, Selina A1 - Parmar, Tarn Preet A1 - Martin-Creuzburg, Dominik A1 - Dietrich, Daniel R. T1 - Fate of Planktothrix-derived toxins in aquatic food webs: A case study in Lake Mindelsee (Germany) T2 - Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety KW - Cyanobacteria toxins KW - Trophic transfer KW - Deep chlorophyll maximum Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116154 SN - 1090-2414 SN - 0147-6513 VL - 273 SP - 1 EP - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Laine, Miikka Benjami A1 - Martin-Creuzburg, Dominik A1 - Litmanen, Jaakko J. A1 - Taipale, Sami J. T1 - Sterol limitation of Daphnia on eukaryotic phytoplankton: A combined supplementation and compound-specific stable isotope labeling approach T2 - Oikos KW - liposomes KW - nutritional ecology KW - stable isotopes Y1 - 2024 UR - https://nsojournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/oik.10359 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/oik.10359 SN - 1600-0706 SP - 1 EP - 14 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lengyel, Dominik A1 - Toulouse, Catherine T1 - A Political Narrative in the Relationship between Artwork and Recipient T2 - Izkustvovedski Četenija = Art Readings N2 - Sometimes a single work of art can tell a whole story. The Ludovisi group presented here originally stood on a long sculptural plinth on the terrace of the Athena sanctuary in the ancient metropolis of Pergamon. Viewed from its back, one sees a Gaul with raised sword and his defeated opponent to the left. This impression remains until the moment when the front of the warrior can be seen. There, in fact, the sword is being used to commit suicide in order to escape slavery; the dying woman is apparently his wife. This way art becomes a repository of collective memory. KW - Visualisation KW - Architecture KW - Design KW - Abstraction KW - Knowledge KW - Uncertainty KW - 3D Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.ceeol.com/search/journal-detail?id=308 SN - 1313-2342 VL - 2023 IS - 1 SP - 71 EP - 86 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Voss, Raoul Lukas A1 - Lee, Roh Pin A1 - Keller, Florian A1 - Huang, Qiuliang A1 - Fröhling, Magnus T1 - Decarbonization potential and economic viability of chemical recycling for China's transformation towards carbon neutrality : case analysis of global warming potential and costs of municipal solid waste gasification for methanol production T2 - Resources, Conservation and Recycling N2 - The waste and chemical sectors contribute significantly to China's carbon footprint. Linking these sectors via chemical recycling could contribute to achieving China's goal to decarbonize via defossilization. This study comparatively evaluates the decarbonization and economic potential of gasification-based chemical recycling of municipal solid waste against conventional waste treatment (i.e., landfilling and waste incineration). Results from Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Techno-Economic Analysis (TEA) indicate that not only does waste gasification exhibit higher global warming reduction potential than conventional treatment (e.g., -70 kg CO2-eq. per tonne of waste compared to currently expanding waste incineration), but this potential will also increase as China's energy mix becomes increasingly renewable (i.e., -320 kg CO2-eq). However, this decarbonization potential will also be associated with higher plant investments (+50 %) and a lower net present value (-20 %). Insights from this study enrich the Chinese discourse on sustainable waste management practices across scientific, regulatory, and industrial dimensions. KW - Chemical Recycling KW - decarbonization KW - China KW - energy transition KW - waste management Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2024.107613 SN - 0921-3449 VL - 206 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Brachmann, Katja A1 - Paland-Riedmüller, Ines T1 - Brücken in den Arbeitsmarkt : Überlegungen zur Entwicklung bedarfsorientierter Deutschangebote an der Hochschule T1 - Bridges into the Labour Markete T2 - Fremdsprachen und Hochschule (FuH) N2 - Internationale Studierende mit einem deutschen Hochschulabschluss könnten zur Fachkräftesicherung in Deutschland beitragen. Jedoch können internationale Absolvent*innen deutsch- und englischsprachiger Studiengänge nur dann erfolgreich in den deutschen Arbeitsmarkt einsteigen, wenn sie effektiv sprachhandeln. Welche Bedürfnisse haben internationale Absolvent*innen beim Berufseinstieg? Was sind die Bedürfnisse der regionalen Unternehmen? Sollten Hochschul-Sprachenzentren künftig auch die Kommunikationsfähigkeit in der deutschen Sprache im Beruf in den Blick nehmen? Wie können sie angesichts eines breiten Aufgabenspektrums und begrenzter Ressourcen die Bedürfnisse der Studierenden und des Arbeitsmarktes am besten erfüllen? Welche Art von Deutschkursen kann berufsspezifische Sprachkompetenzen von Studierenden fördern und ihren Einstieg in den (regionalen) Arbeitsmarkt erleichtern? Der Artikel stellt erste Ergebnisse aus verschiedenen Bedarfsanalysen vor, die im Rahmen des Projekts Profis D - Fach.Deutsch.Digital für Studium und Beruf durchgeführt werden, sowie Überlegungen zur Gestaltung berufsbezogener Sprachförderung internationaler Akademiker*innen. N2 - International students graduating from German universities could help to reduce the labor shortage in Germany. However, their career start can only be successful, if international graduates from German- and English-taught programmes are able to use language effectively. What are the needs of international graduates in terms of their career entry? What are the needs of regional companies? Should language centers also address professional communication skills in German? Facing a broad range of tasks and limited resources, how can they best fulfill students’ and labor market ́s needs? What kind of German language courses can support students in their specialization and facilitate their entry into the (regional) labor market? The article shares pre-liminary conclusions from various needs assessments being conducted within the project Profis D - Fach.Deutsch.Digital für Studium und Beruf and considerations about the design of job-related language support for academics. KW - Berufsvorbereitung KW - Fachkräftemangel KW - Sprachkursentwicklung KW - digitalgestützte Lehr- und Lernkonzepte KW - Sprachhandlungskompetenz KW - Career preparation KW - labour shortage KW - language course development KW - digitally-supportedteaching and learning concepts KW - communicative language competence Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.46586/fuh.v100.2023.11229 SN - 2942-724X N1 - Die Veröffentlichung ist im Rahmen eines Verbundprojektes mit der Gesellschaft für akademische Studienvorbereitung und Testentwicklung (g.a.s.t.), vertreten durch die Co-Autorin Ines Paland-Riedmüller entstanden. N1 - Band 99 und 100 erscheinen als Doppelheft und werden im Open Access nur unter der Nummer 100 referenziert. VL - 100 (2023) IS - 99 und 100 SP - 1 EP - 15 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jirasek, Robert A1 - Schauer, Thomas A1 - Bleicher, Achim T1 - Linear parameter-varying output-feedback for active vibration control of an elastic kinetic roof structure with experimental validation T2 - Engineering Structures N2 - Elastic kinetics are an approach to design transformable lightweight structures with a stable transformation process. The transformation is realized through elastic bending of structural members by exploiting the compliant material behavior. This lightweight and flexible design comes at the cost of increased sensitivity to static and dynamic disturbances. However, most of the current research focuses on the principles of elastic kinetic transformation instead of effective disturbance mitigation. This work focuses on dynamic disturbance mitigation for such transformable lightweight structures using active control. Modeling and controller synthesis are performed in the linear parameter-varying (LPV) framework, since the dynamics of elastic kinetic structures are transformation-state dependent due to geometric nonlinearities. Based on an LPV model in a grid-based representation, an LPV output-feedback control can be designed and synthesized via a gridding approach. This methodology is experimentally tested and validated for the example of an active hybrid roof structure prototype. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0141029624004498 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2024.117887 SN - 0141-0296 VL - 307 SP - 1 EP - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bürger, Patrick A1 - Riebel, Ulrich T1 - Effiziente Hochtemperatur‐Gasreinigung mittels Elektroabscheider: Zukünftige Anwendungsgebiete zur Wertstoffrückgewinnung und optimierten Wärmeübertragung T1 - Efficient High-Temperature Gas Cleaning Using Electrostatic Precipitation: Future Areas of Application for Resource Recovery and Optimal Heat Recovery T2 - Chemie Ingenieur Technik N2 - High‐temperature gas cleaning is a challenge, especially when nanoparticles have to be separated from a hot gas stream. Thus, particle separation is often conducted after quenching the gas stream significantly. However, high‐temperature particle removal can substantially improve heat recovery in many existing industrial processes, as well as in upcoming pyrolytic processes and the flame‐based manufacturing of functional nanoparticles. This contribution describes the experimental results from a pilot‐scale high‐temperature electrostatic precipitator tasked with the removal of nanoparticles from a flue gas atmosphere between 400–800 °C. Additionally, the underlying phenomena are explained, and the future applications are outlined. Over the whole temperature range a reliable and energy‐efficient particle separation was observed. This technology combined with a high‐temperature heat exchanger can strongly reduce the primary energy consumption of high‐temperature processes. N2 - Die Partikelabscheidung aus heißen Gasen, insbesondere die Abscheidung von Nanopartikeln, ist ein herausforderndes Unterfangen, das häufig durch das Quenchen des heißen (Ab)-Gasstroms umgangen wird. Allerdings verspricht die Heißgasreinigung eine verbesserte und effizientere Wärmerückgewinnung aus verschiedensten industriellen Prozessen. Neben den klassischen Hochtemperaturprozessen gewinnen auch Verfahren wie die flammenbasierte Herstellung von Nanopartikeln an Relevanz. In diesem Beitrag werden die experimentellen Ergebnisse eines Hochtemperatur-Elektroabscheiders im Technikumsmaßstab zur Nanopartikelabscheidung aus Verbrennungsabgasen bei 400–800 °C beschrieben sowie die zugrundeliegenden Phänomene und die daraus resultierenden zukünftigen Anwendungsgebiete. Über den gesamten untersuchten Temperaturbereich konnte ein robuster Betrieb mit einer energetisch sehr effizienten Abscheidung beobachtet werden. In Kombination mit einer Hochtemperatur-Wärmerückgewinnung ermöglicht das Verfahren zukünftig eine deutliche Reduktion des Primärenergiebedarfs von Hochtemperaturprozessen. KW - Diffusionsaufladung KW - Elektroabscheider KW - Hochtemperatur Gasreinigung KW - Nanopartikel KW - Thermionische Emission KW - Diffusion charging KW - Electrostatic precipitation KW - High‐temperature gas cleaning KW - Nanoparticles KW - Thermionic emission Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cite.202300153 SN - 0009-286X SN - 1522-2640 VL - 96 IS - 3 SP - 340 EP - 346 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Drechsler, Martin T1 - Flexibility trade‐offs in conservation offsets T2 - Conservation Biology N2 - Conservation offsets promise cost‐effective conservation of biodiversity, especially under economic and environmental change, because they represent a more flexible approach to biodiversity conservation, allowing for the economic development of ecologically valuable land provided that this development is offset by restoration of previously developed areas. The level of flexibility is determined by the trading rules. Lax rules allow for more flexibility, which promises cost savings, but will likely lead to unintended loss of biodiversity. I analyzed the trade‐off between economic costs and ecological benefits (biodiversity conservation) in biodiversity offsetting with an ecological‐economic model that considered the three main types of offset flexibility: spatial, temporal, and ecosystem type. I sought to examine the influence of ecological and economic conditions on offset flexibility trade‐offs. Large variation in the conservation costs and small costs of habitat restoration strongly increased trading activity and reduced the ecological benefit. The ecological benefit was most sensitive to spatial flexibility when a short range of ecological interaction was considered. At a large interaction range, spatial flexibility delivered large cost savings without overly reducing the ecological benefit. Risks and time lags associated with habitat restoration favored an offsetting scheme in which credits are awarded with the initiation of restoration projects rather than their successful completion—given appropriate offsetting multipliers were chosen. Altogether, under scarce resources, the level of flexibility in an offsetting scheme should be chosen by carefully balancing ecological benefits and economic costs. KW - conservation offsets KW - cost‐effectiveness KW - dynamic KW - ecological‐economic model KW - flexibility KW - spatial KW - trade‐off KW - compensaciones por conservación KW - compromiso KW - dinámica KW - espacial KW - flexibilidad KW - modelo ecológico‐económico Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/cobi.14144 SN - 0888-8892 SN - 1523-1739 VL - 38 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ahmed, Naveed A1 - Martienssen, Marion A1 - Bryant, Isaac Mbir A1 - Vione, Davide A1 - Bruzzoniti, Maria Concetta A1 - Riedel, Ramona T1 - Investigation on UV Degradation and Mechanism of 6:2 Fluorotelomer Sulfonamide Alkyl Betaine, Based on Model Compound Perfluorooctanoic Acid T2 - ChemEngineering N2 - The UV treatment of 6:2 FTAB involves the mitigation of this persistent chemical by the impact of ultraviolet radiation, which is known for its resistance to environmental breakdown. UV treatment of PFOA and/or 6:2 FTAB, and the role of responsible species and their mechanism have been presented. Our investigation focused on the degradation of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonamide alkyl betaine (6:2 FTAB, Capstone B), using UV photolysis under various pH conditions. Initially, we used PFOA as a reference, finding a 90% decomposition after 360 min at the original (unadjusted) pH 5.6, with a decomposition rate constant of (1.08 ± 0.30) × 10−4 sec−1 and a half-life of 107 ± 2 min. At pH 4 and 7, degradation averaged 85% and 80%, respectively, while at pH 10, it reduced to 57%. For 6:2 FTAB at its natural pH 6.5, almost complete decomposition occurred. The primary UV transformation product was identified as 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonic acid (6:2 FTSA), occasionally accompanied by shorter-chain perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) including PFHpA, PFHxA, and PFPeA. Interestingly, the overall decomposition percentages were unaffected by pH for 6:2 FTAB, though pH influenced rate constants and half-lives. In PFOA degradation, direct photolysis and reaction with hydrated electrons were presumed mechanisms, excluding the involvement of hydroxyl radicals. The role of superoxide radicals remains uncertain. For 6:2 FTAB, both direct and indirect photolysis were observed, with potential involvement of hydroxyl, superoxide radicals, and/or other reactive oxygen species (ROS). Clarification is needed regarding the role of 𝑒−𝑎𝑞 in the degradation of 6:2 FTAB. KW - PFOA KW - 6:2 FTAB KW - decomposition KW - photolysis KW - scavenger Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering8020032 SN - 2305-7084 VL - 8 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Drechsler, Martin T1 - The influence of farmland distribution on the performance of the agglomeration bonus T2 - Frontiers in Environmental Science N2 - Coordination incentives like the agglomeration bonus have been proposed to induce the spatial agglomeration of biodiversity conservation efforts and counter the loss and fragmentation of species habitats. Most theoretical and empirical analyses of the agglomeration bonus make unrealistic assumptions about the spatial structure of landholdings. This paper presents a spatially explicit agent-based simulation model to explore how the spatial structure of landholdings affects the performance of the agglomeration bonus. It turns out that if the number of land parcels per landowner is large and their land is spatially cohesive, a higher proportion and agglomeration of conserved land parcels can be achieved for the given budget, implying a higher level of cost-effectiveness. This also has implications for the cost-effective design of coordination incentives. The observed effects are especially high if the conservation costs vary strongly in space KW - agent-based model KW - agglomeration bonus KW - coordination incentives KW - cost-effectiveness KW - land fragmentation KW - spatial distribution Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2023.1233758 SN - 2296-665X VL - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Preußer, Daniel A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Juretzek, Thomas T1 - Effects of antibiotics ceftriaxone and levofloxacin on the growth of Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae) T2 - Medical and Veterinary Entomology N2 - Lucilia sericata is one of the most studied species in forensic entomology due to its widespread distribution, forensic importance as well as medical use. The growth and development stage of maggots is often used to determine the post-mortem interval in forensic cases. L. sericata can cause myiasis in humans who are not able to maintain personal hygiene due to age or medical condition and can therefore be used to determine the time period of neglect. The influence of the temperature on the maggot development has been examined in various studies. Different examinations on the effects of toxic substances on the maggot development and survival have been conducted in order to test the influence and resulting deviations. In this study, the effects of different therapeutical doses of the antibiotics ceftriaxone and levofloxacin were examined on L. sericata in order to determine and compare deviations in maggot development and survival. The used antibiotics did not significantly influence the maggot weight and length. A significant delay in the time of pupation has been determined in the treatments with high concentrations of levofloxacin. The mortality was significantly increased in all treatments with antibiotics compared to the control, whereby the survivability of all treatments remained over 80%. Because of the high doses needed to produce an effect, we concluded that an overestimation of the post-mortem interval is unlikely but higher antibiotic concentrations or possible interactions with other medications could increase the maggot development time. KW - antibiotics KW - blow flies KW - entomotoxicology KW - myiasis KW - post‐mortem interval Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/mve.12685 SN - 0269-283X SN - 1365-2915 VL - 37 IS - 4 SP - 805 EP - 815 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Eddahbi, Mhamed A1 - Kebiri, Omar A1 - Sene, Abou T1 - Infinite Horizon Irregular Quadratic BSDE and Applications to Quadratic PDE and Epidemic Models with Singular Coefficients T2 - Axioms N2 - In an infinite time horizon, we focused on examining the well-posedness of problems for a particular category of Backward Stochastic Differential Equations having quadratic growth (QBSDEs) with terminal conditions that are merely square integrable and generators that are measurable. Our approach employs a Zvonkin-type transformation in conjunction with the Itô–Krylov’s formula. We applied our findings to derive probabilistic representation of a particular set of Partial Differential Equations par have quadratic growth in the gradient (QPDEs) characterized by coefficients that are measurable and almost surely continuous. Additionally, we explored a stochastic control optimization problem related to an epidemic model, interpreting it as an infinite time horizon QBSDE with a measurable and integrable drifts. KW - quadratic backward stochastic differential equations KW - infinite time horizon KW - Zvonkin transformation KW - Itô–Krylov’s type formula KW - quadratic partial differential equation KW - epidemic models KW - stochastic control Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms12121068 SN - 2075-1680 VL - 12 IS - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grüger, Lennart A1 - Fischer, Tim Sebastian A1 - Woll, Ralf A1 - Buhl, Johannes T1 - Absicherung von Risiken beim Prozess des Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing T2 - Industry 4.0 Science KW - Additive Manufacturing KW - Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing KW - Failure Mode and Effects Analysis Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.30844/I4SD.24.1.63 SN - 2942-6154 VL - 2024 IS - 1 SP - 63 EP - 69 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grüger, Lennart A1 - Fischer, Tim Sebastian A1 - Woll, Ralf A1 - Buhl, Johannes T1 - Safeguarding Against Risks in the Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing Process T2 - Industry 4.0 Science N2 - In this article, the potential risks in wire arc additive manufacturing are analyzed using failure mode and effects analysis. To achieve this, 186 possible causes of risk were analyzed and the five most critical risks were discussed in detail. Four significant risk factors were identified in the construction process. The fifth risk relates to the shielding gas flow. This is only one influencing factor among the welding parameters, which have strong interactions with each other. Therefore, their relationships should be analyzed on the basis of numerous tests. KW - additive manufacturing KW - wire arc additive manufacturing KW - failure mode and effects analysis Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.30844/I4SE.24.1.63 SN - 2942-6170 VL - 2024 IS - 1 SP - 63 EP - 69 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Okofo, Louis Boansi A1 - Adonadaga, Melvin-Guy A1 - Martienssen, Marion T1 - Groundwater age dating using multi-environmental tracers (SF6, CFC-11, CFC-12, δ18O, and δD) to investigate groundwater residence times and recharge processes in Northeastern Ghana T2 - Journal of Hydrology Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2022.127821 SN - 1879-2707 SN - 0022-1694 VL - Vol. 610 SP - 1 EP - 18 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Afitiri, Abdul-Rahaman A1 - Aram, Simon Appah A1 - Martienssen, Marion T1 - Sytematic review of the effects of Advanced Oxidation Processes integration with solar water disinfection for improved drinking water production T2 - Waste Management Bulletin Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wmb.2023.08.005 SN - 2949-7507 VL - 1 IS - 4 SP - 52 EP - 59 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Böllmann, Jörg A1 - Martienssen, Marion T1 - Seasonal Variability of Cultivable Nitrate-Reducing and Denitrifying Beacteria and Functional Gene Copy Number in Fresh Water Lake T2 - Microorganisms Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12030511 SN - 2076-2607 VL - 12 IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Oleynik, Paul A1 - Berkmann, Fritz A1 - Reiter, Sebastian A1 - Schlipf, Jon A1 - Ratzke, Markus A1 - Yamamoto, Yuji A1 - Fischer, Inga Anita T1 - Strong Optical Coupling of Lattice Resonances in a Top-down Fabricated Hybrid Metal–Dielectric Al/Si/Ge Metasurface T2 - Nano Letters N2 - Optical metasurfaces enable the manipulation of the light–matter interaction in ultrathin layers. Compared with their metal or dielectric counterparts, hybrid metasurfaces resulting from the combination of dielectric and metallic nanostructures can offer increased possibilities for interactions between modes present in the system. Here, we investigate the interaction between lattice resonances in a hybrid metal–dielectric metasurface obtained from a single-step nanofabrication process. Finite-difference time domain simulations show the avoided crossing of the modes appearing in the wavelength-dependent absorptance inside the Ge upon variations in a selected geometry parameter as evidence for strong optical coupling. We find good agreement between the measured and simulated absorptance and reflectance spectra. Our metasurface design can be easily incorporated into a top-down optoelectronic device fabrication process with possible applications ranging from on-chip spectroscopy to sensing. KW - metamaterials KW - semiconductors KW - hybridization KW - optoelectronics Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c05050 SN - 1530-6984 SN - 1530-6992 VL - 24 IS - 10 SP - 3142 EP - 3149 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Urbig, Diemo A1 - Weitzel, Utz A1 - Rosenkranz, Stephanie A1 - Witteloostuijn, Arjen van T1 - Exploiting opportunities at all cost? Entrepreneurial intent and externalities T2 - Journal of Economic Psychology N2 - Do potential entrepreneurs exploit welfare-destroying opportunities as much as they exploit welfare-enhancing opportunities as it is assumed in several normative models? Do we need to prevent potential entrepreneurs from being destructive or are there intrinsic limits to harm others? We experimentally investigate how people with different entrepreneurial intent exploit risky investment opportunities that are associated with negative and positive externalities. We find that participants who consider entrepreneurship as a future occupation invest significantly less than others in destructive opportunities. Nevertheless, our results support prior evidence that the entrepreneurially talented invest more in destructive opportunities. The latter effect seems to be entrepreneurship-specific, because the investment behavior of the generally more talented does not differ from that of other participants. Taken together, our results suggest that people who are willing to exploit destructive opportunities do not only do this in private ventures, but also – and maybe even more so – in wage employment. Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joep.2011.03.003 SN - 0167-4870 VL - 33 IS - 2 SP - 379 EP - 393 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Urbig, Diemo A1 - Bürger, Robin A1 - Patzelt, Holger A1 - Schweizer, Lars T1 - Investor Reactions to New Product Development Failures : The Moderating Role of Product Development Stage T2 - Journal of Management N2 - The authors develop a model of investor reactions to new product development (NPD) failures in high technology firms. They propose that a firm’s financial and managerial capabilities, and its strategic focus on R&D, influence investors’ perceptions of the firm’s market value after NPD failure and that these effects are contingent on the development stage of the failed product. Using data on 148 NPD failures of publicly traded biopharmaceutical firms and an event study methodology the authors find support for their hypotheses. They show that the relationships between a firm’s (a) financial capabilities, (b) managerial capabilities, and (c) strategic focus on R&D, respectively, and the decline of firm market value after NPD failure are more negative for products that fail in late development stages than for products that fail in early development stages. The authors’ results highlight the importance of a conjoint consideration of product-level and organizational-level effects in explaining investor reactions to NPD outcomes. Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206311416120 SN - 0149-2063 VL - 39 IS - 4 SP - 985 EP - 1015 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Procher, Vivien D. A1 - Urbig, Diemo A1 - Volkmann, Christine T1 - Time to BRIC it? Internationalization of European family firms in Europe, North America and the BRIC countries T2 - Applied Economics Letters N2 - For a sample of 1243 European companies, we analyse the link between firm type and foreign direct investment (FDI) locations. We find substantial empirical evidence that being a family firm does not only affect the overall propensity for FDI, but that this effect is also specific to target regions. Overall, family firms invest more than managerial-led firms, particularly in Europe and North America. Furthermore, the BRIC countries, Brazil, Russia, India and China do not constitute a homogeneous attractiveness cluster for FDI. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/13504851.2013.815302 SN - 1350-4851 VL - 20 IS - 16 SP - 1466 EP - 1471 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Esteve, Marc A1 - Urbig, Diemo A1 - Witteloostuijn, Arjen van A1 - Boyne, George T1 - Prosocial Behavior and Public Service Motivation T2 - Public Administration Review N2 - Although research on public service motivation (PSM) is vast, there is little evidence regarding the effects of PSM on observable behavior. This article contributes to the understanding of the behavioral implications of PSM by investigating whether PSM is associated with prosocial behavior. Moreover, it addresses whether and how the behavior of other group members influences this relationship. The article uses the experimental setting of the public goods game, run with a sample of 263 students, in combination with survey‐based PSM measures. A positive link is found between PSM and prosocial behavior. This relationship is moderated by the behavior of other group members: high‐PSM people act even more prosocially when the other members of the group show prosocial behavior as well, but they do not do so if the behavior of other group members is not prosocial. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/puar.12480 SN - 0033-3352 VL - 76 IS - 1 SP - 177 EP - 187 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schulz, Matthias A1 - Urbig, Diemo A1 - Procher, Vivien D. T1 - Hybrid entrepreneurship and public policy: The case of firm entry deregulation T2 - Journal of Business Venturing N2 - Hybrid entrepreneurs are entrepreneurs who are simultaneously working as paid employees. Although they constitute a systematic and large part of new firm creation, their possibly distinct responsiveness to public policy is not yet studied. Arguing for the need to consider hybrid entrepreneurs in public policy, we analyze the introduction of one-stop shops for faster and simplified firm registration in Mexico. We find that hybrid entrepreneurs are more responsive to changes in entry regulation than full-time entrepreneurs. While both the best and least educated people respond to the reform, the effect is most pronounced for highly educated hybrid entrepreneurs. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2016.01.002 SN - 0883-9026 VL - 31 IS - 3 SP - 272 EP - 286 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Geenen, Noreen Y. R. A1 - Urbig, Diemo A1 - Mühlfeld, Katrin A1 - Witteloostuijn, Arjen van A1 - Gargalianou, Vasiliki T1 - BIS and BAS: Biobehaviorally rooted drivers of entrepreneurial intent T2 - Personality and Individual Differences N2 - We document the predictive relevance of the behavioral inhibition system (BIS) and the behavioral approach system (BAS) in a novel domain of societal importance: entrepreneurship. Based on structural equation models, Study 1 (N = 320) reveals that BAS reward responsiveness (BAS-RR) has a negative and BAS fun seeking (BAS-FS) has a positive association with entrepreneurial intent. Similar results emerge for Study 2 (N = 470): BAS-RR is negatively and BAS drive (BAS-D) is positively related to entrepreneurial intent. Additionally, Study 2 includes entrepreneurial experience, which is negatively related with BAS-RR and positively with BAS-D. We do not find any significant relationship between the BIS and entrepreneurial intent or experience. Our results support the multidimensionality of the BAS, with the subscales being differently associated with both entrepreneurial intent and experience. Finally, by simultaneously including intent and experience, Study 2 makes a methodological contribution related to the validity of student samples when analyzing entrepreneurial intent. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.02.023 SN - 0191-8869 VL - 95 SP - 204 EP - 213 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Urbig, Diemo A1 - Terjesen, Siri A1 - Procher, Vivien D. A1 - Mühlfeld, Katrin A1 - Witteloostuijn, Arjen van T1 - Come on and Take a Free Ride: Contributing to Public Goods in Native and Foreign Language Settings T2 - Academy of Management Learning & Education N2 - Business schools around the world must prepare their students for two realities: operating in an English-speaking business world and working in teams. As yet, there is limited understanding of how operating in a native or a foreign language impacts students’ propensity to free ride in group settings. Building on general dual process theory of higher cognition and using a unique dataset of 276 Dutch business school students, we find that students are more inclined to free ride in a foreign language setting than in a native language setting. A student’s conscientiousness attenuates this relationship such that this effect is stronger for students who are less conscientious, and weaker and almost absent for those who are more conscientious. After a student decides not to free ride but to positively contribute to the group, the specific level of contribution is not affected by foreign language. We discuss implications for practice, policy, theory, and future research. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5465/amle.2014.0338 SN - 1537-260X VL - 15 IS - 2 SP - 268 EP - 286 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bönte, Werner A1 - Procher, Vivien D. A1 - Urbig, Diemo T1 - Biology and Selection into Entrepreneurship—The Relevance of Prenatal Testosterone Exposure T2 - Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice N2 - This study examines the relationship between prenatal testosterone exposure (PTE) and selection into entrepreneurship. We argue that the relationship between PTE and entrepreneurial intent is positive and mediated by general and domain–specific risk–taking related to financial investment and professional career. Using the second–to–fourth digit ratio (2D:4D) as noninvasive retrospective marker for PTE, we identify two–step mediation effects of PTE on entrepreneurial intent through both general and domain–specific risk–taking. To account for possible socialization–based effects, we control for gender and parental self–employment. Applying ordinary least squares (OLS) regression analyses and structural equation models, we provide empirical evidence for a biological association between 2D:4D and entrepreneurial intent. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/etap.12165 SN - 1042-2587 VL - 40 IS - 5 SP - 1121 EP - 1148 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gargalianou, Vasiliki A1 - Mühlfeld, Katrin A1 - Urbig, Diemo A1 - Witteloostuijn, Arjen van T1 - Foreign Language Anxiety in Professional Contexts : A Short Scale and Evidence of Personality and Gender Differences T2 - Schmalenbach Business Review N2 - While increasing globalization of the business world and rising numbers of people working in foreign language contexts are undoubted facts of modern work life, there are surprisingly few studies on individuals’ emotional reactions to working in a foreign language. Facilitating further research, we introduce a short scale for foreign language anxiety that is applicable in business and other professional contexts. Additionally, we investigate its relationship with gender and general personality traits. Our analysis of survey data from 320 adult bilinguals with Dutch as their mother tongue and English as foreign language demonstrates the reliability of the short scale. Furthermore, we find that females experience higher levels of FLA, but that this association is mediated by differences in personality. Our study contributes to the emerging literature on individuals’ (emotional) responses to using foreign languages in business contexts. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s41464-016-0007-6 SN - 1439-2917 VL - 17 IS - 2 SP - 195 EP - 223 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Urbig, Diemo T1 - Attitude Dynamics With Limited Verbalisation Capabilities T2 - Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation N2 - This article offers a new perspective for research on opinion dynamics. It demonstrates the importance of the distinction of opinion and attitude, which originally has been discussed in literature on consumer behaviour. As opinions are verbalised attitudes not only biases in interpretation and adoption processes have to be considered but also verbalisation biases should be addressed. Such biases can be caused by language deficits or social norms. The model presented in this article captures the basic features of common opinion dynamic models and additionally biases in the verbalisation process. Further, the article gives a first analysis of this model and shows that precision as bias in the verbalisation process can influence the dynamics significantly. Presenting and applying the concept of area of influential attitudes the impact of each parameter (selective attitude, selective interpretation, and precision) is analysed independently. Some preliminary results for combined effects are presented. Y1 - 2003 UR - https://www.jasss.org/6/1/2.html SN - 1460-7425 VL - 6 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 23 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weitzel, Utz A1 - Urbig, Diemo A1 - Desai, Sameeksha A1 - Sanders, Mark A1 - Acs, Zoltan T1 - The good, the bad, and the talented: Entrepreneurial talent and selfish behavior T2 - Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2010.02.013 SN - 0167-2681 VL - 76 IS - 1 SP - 64 EP - 81 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Urbig, Diemo T1 - Base rate neglect for the wealth on interacting people T2 - Advances in Complex Systems N2 - Previous research investigating base rate neglect as a bias in human information processing has focused on isolated individuals. This study complements this research by showing that in settings of interacting individuals, especially in settings of social learning, where individuals can learn from one another, base rate neglect can increase a population's welfare. This study further supports the research arguing that a population with members biased by neglecting base rates does not need to perform worse than a population with unbiased members. Adapting the model of social learning suggested by Bikhchandani, Hirshleifer and Welch (The Journal of Political Economy100 (1992) 992–1026) and including base rates that differ from generic cases such as 50–50, conditions are identified that make underweighting base rate information increasing the population's welfare. The base rate neglect can start a social learning process that otherwise had not been started and thus base rate neglect can generate positive externalities improving a population's welfare. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219525910002761 SN - 0219-5259 VL - 13 IS - 05 SP - 607 EP - 619 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Urbig, Diemo A1 - Monsen, Erik T1 - The structure of optimism: “Controllability affects the extent to which efficacy beliefs shape outcome expectancies” T2 - Journal of Economic Psychology N2 - In this article we theoretically develop and empirically test an integrative conceptual framework linking dispositional optimism as general outcome expectancy to general efficacy beliefs about internal (self) and external (instrumental social support and chance) factors as well as to general control beliefs (locus-of-control). Bandura (1997, Self-efficacy. The exercise of control (p. 23). New York: Freeman), quoted in title, suggests – at a context-specific level – that controllability moderates the impact of self-efficacy on outcome expectancies and we hypothesize that – at a general level – this also applies to dispositional optimism. We further hypothesize that locus of control moderates the impact of external-efficacy beliefs, but in the opposite direction as self-efficacy. Our survey data of 224 university students provides support for the moderation of self-efficacy and chance-efficacy. Our new conceptualization contributes to clarifying relationships between self- and external-efficacy beliefs, control beliefs, and optimism; and helps to explain why equally optimistic individuals cope very differently with adverse situations. Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joep.2012.03.004 SN - 0167-4870 VL - 33 IS - 4 SP - 854 EP - 867 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Urbig, Diemo A1 - Lorenz, Jan A1 - Herzberg, Heiko T1 - Opinion dynamics: The effect of number of peers met at once T2 - Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation N2 - The opinion dynamics model introduced by Deffuant and Weisbuch as well as the one by Hegselmann and Krause are rather similar. In both models individuals are assumed to have opinions about an issue, they meet and discuss, and they may adapt their opinions towards the other agents` opinions or may ignore each other if their positions are too different. Both models differ with respect to the number of peers they meet at once. Furthermore the model by Deffuant and Weisbuch has a convergence parameter that controls how fast agents adapt their opinions. By defining the reversed parameter as self-support we can extend the applicability of this parameter to scenarios with more than one interaction partner. We investigate the effects of changing the number of peers met at once, which is done for different population sizes, and the effects of changing the self-support. For describing the dynamics we look at different statistics, i.e. number of cluster, number of major clusters, and Gini coefficient. Y1 - 2008 UR - http://jasss.soc.surrey.ac.uk/11/2/4.html SN - 1460-7425 VL - 11 IS - 2 SP - 1 EP - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Glaser, Manuela A1 - Lengyel, Dominik A1 - Toulouse, Catherine A1 - Schwan, Stephan T1 - How Do We Deal with Uncertain Information? Effects of Verbal and Visual Expressions of Uncertainty on Learning T2 - Educational Psychology Review N2 - AbstractBased on the knowledge generation model for visual analytics including uncertainty propagation and human trust building (Sacha et al. 2016), the cognitive theory of multimedia learning (Mayer, 2014), the multimedia principle (Butcher, 2014), and previous studies on the effects of different uncertainty visualization styles, an integrated theoretical approach is proposed to examine the influence of different degrees of information uncertainty and different uncertainty visualization styles on processing pictures of two archeological reconstructions with accompanying audio explanations presented in a multimedia learning environment. A 4 × 3 design with condition (without uncertainty visualization vs. stop light colors vs. geometric contrast vs. both uncertainty visualizations) as the between-subjects factor and uncertainty value (uncertain vs. medium vs. certain) as the within-subject factor was used. The results showed that appearance of certain content, its uncertainty values, and their verbal scientific justifications were remembered better than uncertain ones. Furthermore, stop light colors enhanced the memory of uncertainty values compared to no uncertainty visualization and were better understood, discriminated, and transferred than geometric contrast. Geometric contrast decreased the memory of the appearance of uncertain architectural elements compared to no uncertainty visualization and was better than stop light colors regarding the memory of the appearance of certain architectural elements. The study integrates and extends existing theories by showing that certain contents are processed with higher priority than uncertain contents and that the multimedia effect is also valid for metainformation such as the uncertainties of contents. Finally, recommendations for designing learning material including uncertainty visualizations are given. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-022-09659-4 SN - 1040-726X VL - 34 IS - 2 SP - 1097 EP - 1131 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hecker, Lutz Philip A1 - Sturm, Astrid A1 - Querhammer, Lisa A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - Cost-effectiveness of state-dependent versus state-independent agri-environment schemes for biodiversity conservation T2 - Ecological Economics Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2023.108088 SN - 0921-8009 VL - 217 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hütt, Christoph A1 - Isselstein, Johannes A1 - Komainda, Martin A1 - Schöttker, Oliver A1 - Sturm, Astrid T1 - UAV LiDAR-based grassland biomass estimation for precision livestock management T2 - Journal of Applied Remote Sensing Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JRS.18.017502 SN - 1931-3195 VL - 18 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - De Petris, Caterina A1 - Drechsler, Martin T1 - Harnessing social norms to gain cost-effectiveness in conservation schemes through dynamic scheme design: implications of bounded rationality and other-regarding preferences for Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES) T2 - MPRA paper Y1 - 2023 UR - https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/119534/ ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rossi, Edoardo A1 - Bargende, Michael A1 - Kulzer, André Casal A1 - Chiodi, Marco A1 - Massoud, Ehab A1 - Shrestha, Krishna Prasad A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - Analysis of the applicability of Water Injection in Combination with an eFuel for Knock Mitigation and Improved Engine Efficiency T2 - SAE Technical Paper N2 - The development of future gasoline engines is dominated by the study of new technologies aimed at reducing the engine negative environmental impact and increase its thermal efficiency. One common trend is to develop smaller engines able to operate in stoichiometric conditions across the whole engine map for better efficiency, lower fuel consumption, and optimal conversion rate of the three-way catalyst (TWC). Water injection is one promising technique, as it significantly reduces the engine knock tendency and avoids fuel enrichment for exhaust temperature mitigation at high power operation. With the focus on reducing the carbon footprint of the automotive sector, another vital topic of research is the investigation of new alternative CO2-neutral fuels or so-called eFuels. Several studies have already shown how these new synthetic fuels can be produced by exploiting renewable energy sources and can significantly reduce engine emissions. This work is part of the FVV project number 1367, “Water Injection in Spark-Ignition Engines II”, which investigates the coexistence of two different engine technologies that heads towards the same direction of sustainability of the internal combustion engine: water injection and eFuels. The goal is to assess the advantages that the adoption of an eFuel in combination with water injection strategies can bring, with respect to the same strategies applied in combination with commercial gasoline. Several water injection strategies, including direct water injection, indirect water injection, injection timing, and pressure variations, are considered for a better understanding of the benefits brought by the combination of an eFuel with water injection. For this purpose, experimental tests and 3D-CFD engine simulations have been performed. The physical properties of the investigated eFuel have been experimentally measured for accurate modelling in the simulation environment, and the thermodynamic properties have been evaluated utilizing detailed chemistry calculations. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4271/2022-37-0019 SN - 2688-3627 SN - 0148-7191 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dong, Shijun A1 - Aul, Christopher A1 - Gregoire, Claire A1 - Cooper, Sean P. A1 - Mathieu, Olivier A1 - Petersen, Eric L. A1 - Rodriguez, Jose A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Wagnon, Scott W. A1 - Kukkadapu, Goutham A1 - Pitz, William J. A1 - Curran, Henry J. T1 - A comprehensive experimental and kinetic modeling study of 1-hexene T2 - Combustion and Flame N2 - It is important to understand the low-temperature chemistry of 1-hexene as it is used as a representative alkene component in gasoline surrogate fuels. Ignition delay times (IDTs) of 1-hexene measured in rapid compression machines (RCMs) can be used to validate its low-temperature chemistry. However, volume history profiles are not available for published RCM IDT data. This has restricted the validation of the low-temperature chemistry of 1-hexene at engine-relevant conditions (i.e. at low temperatures and high pressures). Thus, new RCM IDT data with associated volume history profiles are needed. In this study, both an RCM and a high-pressure shock tube (ST) are employed to measure IDTs of 1-hexene at equivalence ratios of 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 in ‘air’ and at pressures of 15 and 30 atm. A cool-flame (first stage) and total (second stage) ignition was observed in the RCM experiments. Moreover, carbon monoxide and water versus time histories produced during 1-hexene oxidation at highly diluted conditions were measured in a ST. A new detailed chemical kinetic model describing 1-hexene oxidation is proposed and validated using these new measured data together with various experimental data available in the literature. The kinetic model can predict well the auto-ignition behavior and oxidation processes of 1-hexene at various conditions. The rate constants and branching ratio for hydroxyl radical addition to the double bond of 1-hexene are particularly important and discussed based on the experimental and theoretically calculated results from previous studies as well as validation results from jet-stirred reactor (JSR) species profiles. Flux and sensitivity analyses are performed to determine the important reaction classes for 1-hexene oxidation and show that the reactions associated with hydroxy radical addition to the double bond contribute most to the low-temperature reactivity of 1-hexene. In the negative temperature coefficient (NTC) regime, the isomerization of hexenyl-peroxy radicals promotes fuel reactivity due to its associated chain branching pathways. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2021.111516 SN - 1556-2921 SN - 0010-2180 VL - 232 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Matrisciano, Andrea A1 - Franken, Tim A1 - Gonzalez Mestre, Laura Catalina A1 - Borg, Anders A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - Development of a Computationally Efficient Tabulated Chemistry Solver for Internal Combustion Engine Optimization Using Stochastic Reactor Models T2 - Applied Sciences N2 - The use of chemical kinetic mechanisms in computer aided engineering tools for internal combustion engine simulations is of high importance for studying and predicting pollutant formation of conventional and alternative fuels. However, usage of complex reaction schemes is accompanied by high computational cost in 0-D, 1-D and 3-D computational fluid dynamics frameworks. The present work aims to address this challenge and allow broader deployment of detailed chemistry-based simulations, such as in multi-objective engine optimization campaigns. A fast-running tabulated chemistry solver coupled to a 0-D probability density function-based approach for the modelling of compression and spark ignition engine combustion is proposed. A stochastic reactor engine model has been extended with a progress variable-based framework, allowing the use of pre-calculated auto-ignition tables instead of solving the chemical reactions on-the-fly. As a first validation step, the tabulated chemistry-based solver is assessed against the online chemistry solver under constant pressure reactor conditions. Secondly, performance and accuracy targets of the progress variable-based solver are verified using stochastic reactor models under compression and spark ignition engine conditions. Detailed multicomponent mechanisms comprising up to 475 species are employed in both the tabulated and online chemistry simulation campaigns. The proposed progress variable-based solver proved to be in good agreement with the detailed online chemistry one in terms of combustion performance as well as engine-out emission predictions (CO, CO2, NO and unburned hydrocarbons). Concerning computational performances, the newly proposed solver delivers remarkable speed-ups (up to four orders of magnitude) when compared to the online chemistry simulations. In turn, the new solver allows the stochastic reactor model to be computationally competitive with much lower order modeling approaches (i.e., Vibe-based models). It also makes the stochastic reactor model a feasible computer aided engineering framework of choice for multi-objective engine optimization campaigns. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/app10248979 SN - 2076-3417 VL - 10 IS - 24 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Matrisciano, Andrea A1 - Netzer, Corinna A1 - Werner, Adina A1 - Borg, Anders A1 - Seidel, Lars A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - A Computationally Efficient Progress Variable Approach for In-Cylinder Combustion and Emissions Simulations T2 - SAE Technical Paper N2 - The use of complex reaction schemes is accompanied by high computational cost in 3D CFD simulations but is particularly important to predict pollutant emissions in internal combustion engine simulations. One solution to tackle this problem is to solve the chemistry prior the CFD run and store the chemistry information in look-up tables. The approach presented combines pre-tabulated progress variable-based source terms for auto-ignition as well as soot and NOx source terms for emission predictions. The method is coupled to the 3D CFD code CONVERGE v2.4 via user-coding and tested over various speed and load passenger-car Diesel engine conditions. This work includes the comparison between the combustion progress variable (CPV) model and the online chemistry solver in CONVERGE 2.4. Both models are compared by means of combustion and emission parameters. A detailed n-decane/α-methyl-naphthalene mechanism, comprising 189 species, is used for both online and tabulated chemistry simulations. The two chemistry solvers show very good agreement between each other and equally predict trends derived experimentally by means of engine performance parameters as well as soot and NOx engine-out emissions. The CPV model shows a factor 8 speed-up in run-time compared to the online chemistry solver without compromising the accuracy of the solution. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4271/2019-24-0011 SN - 0148-7191 SN - 2688-3627 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Franken, Tim A1 - Duggan, Alexander A1 - Matrisciano, Andrea A1 - Lehtiniemi, Harry A1 - Borg, Anders A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - Multi-Objective Optimization of Fuel Consumption and NO x Emissions with Reliability Analysis Using a Stochastic Reactor Model T2 - SAE Technical Paper N2 - The introduction of a physics-based zero-dimensional stochastic reactor model combined with tabulated chemistry enables the simulation-supported development of future compression-ignited engines. The stochastic reactor model mimics mixture and temperature inhomogeneities induced by turbulence, direct injection and heat transfer. Thus, it is possible to improve the prediction of NOx emissions compared to common mean-value models. To reduce the number of designs to be evaluated during the simulation-based multi-objective optimization, genetic algorithms are proven to be an effective tool. Based on an initial set of designs, the algorithm aims to evolve the designs to find the best parameters for the given constraints and objectives. The extension by response surface models improves the prediction of the best possible Pareto Front, while the time of optimization is kept low. This work presents a novel methodology to couple the stochastic reactor model and the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm. First, the stochastic reactor model is calibrated for 10 low, medium and high load operating points at various engine speeds. Second, each operating point is optimized to find the lowest fuel consumption and specific NOx emissions. The optimization input parameters are the temperature at intake valve closure, the compression ratio, the start of injection, the injection pressure and exhaust gas recirculation rate. Additionally, it is ensured that the maximum peak cylinder pressure and turbine inlet temperature are not exceeded. This enables a safe operation of the engine and exhaust aftertreatment system under the optimized conditions. Subsequently, a reliability analysis is performed to estimate the effect of off-nominal conditions on the objectives and constraints. The novel multi-objective optimization methodology has proven to deliver reasonable results. The zero-dimensional stochastic reactor model with tabulated chemistry is a fast running physics-based model that allow to run large optimization problems in a short amount of time. The combination with the reliability analysis also strengthens the confidence in the simulation-based optimized engine operation parameters. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4271/2019-01-1173 SN - 0148-7191 SN - 2688-3627 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Azizi, Nima A1 - Dornisch, Wolfgang T1 - A spectral finite element Reissner–Mindlin shell formulation with NURBS-based geometry definition T2 - Computational Mechanics N2 - A curved non-isoparametric Reissner–Mindlin shell element is developed for analyzing thin-walled structures. The standard kinematic description of the element requires the calculation of the director vector. To address this demand accurately, similar to isogeometric analysis (IGA), the geometry is defined by utilization of the non-uniform rational B-splines (NURBS) imported directly from computer-aided design (CAD) files. Then, shape functions of the Legendre spectral element method (SEM) are used to interpolate the displacements. Consequently, the shell director vector and Jacobian of the transformation are calculated properly according to the presented formulation. On the other hand, in Legendre SEM combined with Gauss–Lobatto–Legendre quadrature, the integration points and the element nodes coincide. Thus, the easily computable local coordinate systems at the integration points can be used directly as nodal basis systems. A separate calculation of nodal basis systems at control points, which is the source of either complexity or error in IGA shells, is not required. Given the condition number of the stiffness matrix in the developed method, super high-order elements can also be used. Very high order p-refined elements are used in addition to h-refinement of the mesh to show the capability of higher order elements to analyze problems without mesh refinement. The validity and convergence rate of the method are investigated and verified through various cases of h- and p-refinement in challenging obstacle course problems. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00466-024-02444-w SN - 0178-7675 SP - 1 EP - 23 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Azizi, Nima A1 - Dornisch, Wolfgang T1 - Correction: A spectral finite element Reissner–Mindlin shell formulation with NURBS-based geometry definition T2 - Computational Mechanics Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00466-024-02474-4 SN - 0178-7675 SP - S. 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sidorov, Elena A1 - Euler, Mathias T1 - Nominal stresses in continuous and intermittent rail welds of crane runway beams T2 - Procedia Structural Integrity KW - Ermüdung Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prostr.2024.03.034 SN - 2452-3216 VL - 57 SP - 316 EP - 326 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Euler, Mathias T1 - New test-based detail categories for fatigue design of crane runway beams T2 - Procedia Structural Integrity KW - Fatigue KW - Detail category KW - Crane runway KW - Flange-to-web connection KW - Crane rail welds Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prostr.2024.03.032 SN - 2452-3216 VL - 57 SP - 298 EP - 306 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hiott, Andrea T1 - Asymmetrical Reconciliation T2 - Environmental & Architectural Phenomenology N2 - This work discusses McGilchrist's The Matter with Things and its aim (or consequence) to portray a nested, fractal manner ofunderstanding closer to the natural world and closer to the right brain’s aware-ness—a grasping that means to touch butalso to understand via reconciling what isasymmetrical. McGilchrist expresses thisexperience as a whirlpool of matter and consciousness (p. 1567). Holding opposites means under-stand-ing that what you hold are not really op-posites, just like music is not its notationor film a series of images. It is this dissonance that allows the nested, fractal positions that appear asymmetrical but are in fact inseparable and not to be judged as two. KW - cognition Y1 - 2024 UR - https://newprairiepress.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1094&context=eap SN - 1083-9194 VL - 35/2023 IS - 1 SP - 9 EP - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hannan, Azmin Nasrin A1 - Seidlitz, Holger A1 - Hartung, David A1 - Kuke, Felix A1 - Ambrosio, Marcello A1 - Müller, Marco T1 - Sustainability and Circular Economy in Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Plastics T2 - Materials Circular Economy N2 - Carbon fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) components are known for their exceptional resilience and ultra-lightweight nature, making them the preferred choice for applications requiring high mechanical loads with minimal weight. However, the intricate and anisotropic structure of CFRP components poses challenges, resulting in expensive repairs and testing. This complexity also leads to increased waste generation. Yet, innovative recycling processes offer a solution by reintegrating carbon components into a closed material cycle, promoting sustainability and circular economy principles. This work focuses on recycled CFs (rCFs) obtained through a continuous recycling method for CFRP primary recyclate from composite pressure vessel. Furthermore, re-purposing of the separated matrix material for secondary energy sources makes the process, a 100% recycling route. This closed-loop approach addresses conventional pyrolysis challenges and contributes to more efficient utilization of CFRP waste components. rCF and recycled polyethylene terephthalate (rPET) polymers were compounded through an extrusion process. Test specimens were then fabricated according to standard test norms to evaluate the resulting tensile and bending properties. The tensile and flexural modulus of the rCF-rPET obtained are 6.80 and 4.99 GPa, respectively. The need for enhancing the quality of rCF is apparent. Suggestive and potential implications and the marketability of rCF-rPET compounds are also discussed. KW - Sustainability KW - Circular Economy KW - Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Plastics Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s42824-024-00111-2 SN - 2524-8146 VL - 6 IS - 1 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lengyel, Dominik A1 - Toulouse, Catherine T1 - Visualisierung und Abstraktion T2 - Das Amphitheater in Dyrrachium. Urbanes Umfeld, Rekonstruktion und Bedeutung Y1 - 2023 SN - 978-3-447-12135-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.34780/diey-y643 SP - 221 EP - 226 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rochow, Frank T1 - Die räumliche Erscheinungsform des Neoabsolutismus – Militärarchitektur in Lemberg und Wien in den 1850er Jahren T2 - Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung KW - Militärarchitektur KW - Habsburg KW - Neoabsolutismus KW - Stadtplanung Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.zfo-online.de/portal/zfo/article/view/10545 U6 - https://doi.org/10.25627/201968210545 SN - 2701-0449 SN - 0948-8294 VL - 68 IS - 2 SP - 157 EP - 188 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lorenz, Jan A1 - Urbig, Diemo T1 - About the power to enforce and prevent consensus by manipulating communication rules T2 - Advances in Complex Systems N2 - We explore the possibilities of enforcing and preventing consensus in continuous opinion dynamics that result from modifications in the communication rules. We refer to the model of Weisbuch and Deffuant, where n agents adjust their continuous opinions as a result of random pairwise encounters whenever their opinions differ not more than a given bound of confidence ε. A high ε leads to consensus, while a lower ε leads to a fragmentation into several opinion clusters. We drop the random encounter assumption and ask: How small may ε be such that consensus is still possible with a certain communication plan for the entire group? Mathematical analysis shows that ε may be significantly smaller than in the random pairwise case. On the other hand, we ask: How large may ε be such that preventing consensus is still possible? In answering this question, we prove Fortunato's simulation result that consensus cannot be prevented for ε 0.5 for large groups. Next, we consider opinion dynamics under different individual strategies and examine their power to increase the chances of consensus. One result is that balancing agents increase chances of consensus, especially if the agents are cautious in adapting their opinions. However, curious agents increase chances of consensus only if those agents are not cautious in adapting their opinions. Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219525907000982 SN - 0219-5259 VL - 10 IS - 02 SP - 251 EP - 269 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Richter, Elke T1 - Die triphylischen Stadtmauern in Samikon, Platiana und Vrestos T2 - Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Athenische Abteilung KW - Stadtmauer KW - 5.-3. Jahrhundert vor Christs KW - Griechenland KW - Tripylien Y1 - 2024 SN - 978-3-7861-2923-3 SN - 0342-1295 VL - Bd.135(2020) SP - 103 EP - 173 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Froeschke, Samuel A1 - Bestha, Kranthi Kumar A1 - Fucke, Rico A1 - Schiemenz, Sandra A1 - Popov, Alexey A1 - Naumann, Marco A1 - Knupfer, Martin A1 - Giebeler, Lars A1 - Wolf, Daniel A1 - Kizhake Malayil, Ranjith Kumar A1 - Sivan, Saramgi Chencheriparambil A1 - Grafe, Hans-Joachim A1 - Gräßler, Nico A1 - Corredor, Laura T. A1 - Wolter, Anja U. B. A1 - Büchner, Bernd A1 - Schmidt, Peer A1 - Hampel, Silke T1 - Structural and Magnetic Transitions Caused by Dimer Formation in the CrCl3–MoCl3 Solid Solution T2 - Chemistry of Materials N2 - In this work, we apply the concept of solid solutions to the two 2D transition metal trihalides CrCl3 and MoCl3. While CrCl3 belongs to the magnetically active CrX3 family, the magnetism in MoCl3 is intrinsically suppressed by the formation of aligned Mo–Mo dimers, which also distort the regular honeycomb lattice that is typical for the 2D transition metal trihalides. We report suitable synthesis conditions for the gapless solid solution and crystal growth by chemical vapor transport. The CrCl3–MoCl3 solid solution was initially synthesized at 650 °C for 100 h under addition of MoCl5 as mineralizer, and bulk crystals were subsequently grown by vapor transport in a temperature gradient from 600 °C → 550 °C for 60 h. The obtained solid solution exhibits multiple composition-dependent phase transitions at room temperature, as confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction measurements. The possible presence of Mo–Mo dimers in the solid solution was further investigated by infrared, Raman, electron energy loss, and nuclear quadrupole resonance spectroscopies. The combined results indicate that the Mo–Mo dimers are present over a wide range of compositions. Their orientation changes from parallel alignment for compositions from 70% ≤ c(Mo3+) ≤ 100% to random orientation for samples with c(Mo3+) < 70% content, which significantly affects the course of lattice parameters. Finally, the magnetic properties of the powder samples show a correlation between the Mo3+ content and the transition temperature into the low-temperature phase. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.3c03109 SN - 0897-4756 SN - 1520-5002 VL - 36 IS - 9 SP - 4240 EP - 4253 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Granger, Téo A1 - Michelitsch, Thomas M. A1 - Bestehorn, Michael A1 - Riascos, Alejandro P. A1 - Collet, Bernard A. T1 - Stochastic Compartment Model with Mortality and Its Application to Epidemic Spreading in Complex Networks T2 - Entropy N2 - We study epidemic spreading in complex networks by a multiple random walker approach. Each walker performs an independent simple Markovian random walk on a complex undirected (ergodic) random graph where we focus on the Barabási–Albert (BA), Erdös–Rényi (ER), and Watts–Strogatz (WS) types. Both walkers and nodes can be either susceptible (S) or infected and infectious (I), representing their state of health. Susceptible nodes may be infected by visits of infected walkers, and susceptible walkers may be infected by visiting infected nodes. No direct transmission of the disease among walkers (or among nodes) is possible. This model mimics a large class of diseases such as Dengue and Malaria with the transmission of the disease via vectors (mosquitoes). Infected walkers may die during the time span of their infection, introducing an additional compartment D of dead walkers. Contrary to the walkers, there is no mortality of infected nodes. Infected nodes always recover from their infection after a random finite time span. This assumption is based on the observation that infectious vectors (mosquitoes) are not ill and do not die from the infection. The infectious time spans of nodes and walkers, and the survival times of infected walkers, are represented by independent random variables. We derive stochastic evolution equations for the mean-field compartmental populations with the mortality of walkers and delayed transitions among the compartments. From linear stability analysis, we derive the basic reproduction numbers RM,R0with and without mortality, respectively, and prove that RM1, the healthy state is unstable, whereas for zero mortality, a stable endemic equilibrium exists (independent of the initial conditions), which we obtained explicitly. We observed that the solutions of the random walk simulations in the considered networks agree well with the mean-field solutions for strongly connected graph topologies, whereas less well for weakly connected structures and for diseases with high mortality. Our model has applications beyond epidemic dynamics, for instance in the kinetics of chemical reactions, the propagation of contaminants, wood fires, and others. KW - epidemic spreading KW - compartment model with mortality KW - memory effects KW - random walks KW - random graphs Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/e26050362 SN - 1099-4300 VL - 26 IS - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Connes, Philippe T1 - Morphology and Function of Red Blood Cells in COVID-19 Patients: Current Overview 2023 T2 - Life N2 - In severe cases, SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to severe respiratory failure. Although angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors are not expressed in red blood cells, SARS-CoV-2 can interact with red blood cells (RBCs) via several receptors or auxiliary membrane proteins. Recent data show that viral infection causes significant damage to the RBCs, altering their morphology, deformability, and aggregability. Loss of RBC deformability and/or increased aggregability favors the development of thrombotic processes in the microcirculation, as has been described to occur in COVID-19 patients. In addition, many patients also develop systemic endotheliitis associated with generalized coagulopathy. This manifests itself clinically as obstructive microthrombi in the area of the medium and smallest vessels, which can affect all internal organs. It is thought that such changes in the RBCs may contribute to the microangiopathy/microthrombosis associated with COVID-19 and may result in impaired capillary blood flow and tissue oxygenation. KW - COVID-19 KW - SARS-CoV-2 KW - red blood cell KW - deformation KW - aggregation KW - endothelial cell Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/life14040460 SN - 2075-1729 VL - 14 IS - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Amelina, Anna A1 - Schäfer, Jana T1 - Re-centring class-making across borders at various durées: Translocational optic, coloniality of class theory and multi-scalar capitalist dynamics T2 - Global Networks N2 - Sociological research on cross-border class-making often centres on contemporary dynamics of social inequality in the context of migration and mobility. Relying on the cultural–sociological and processual understanding of 'class', the article integrates three bodies of literature to study complexities of global and transnational class-making to overcome the 'presentist' bias. Building on the accounts of the Annales School, and specifically on Fernand Braudel's famous distinction between courte durée, moyenne durée and longue durée of historic time periods, the article brings together three different bodies of research: (i) transnational and intersectional approaches; (ii) conceptual history of class theory and (iii) theories of racial and multi-scalar capitalist dynamics to develop a flexible and relational, but historic-sensitive toolkit for the analysis of global and transnational class-making. One of the greatest advantages of this multi-temporal outlook is that it allows to avoid over-generalizing accounts on the logics of class-making and to unpick potentially heterogeneous dynamics of class (re)production. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/glob.12457 SN - 1470-2266 SP - 1 EP - 15 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Amelina, Anna T1 - Knowledge production for whom? Doing migrations, colonialities and standpoints in non-hegemonic migration research T2 - Ethnic and Racial Studies N2 - Building on the representation problem of migration studies, this article identifies current alternative knowledge production strategies in social scientific migration research. After reviewing calls for denaturalization, demigranticization and decolonization, it elaborates on an integrated “umbrella” perspective – the doing-migration approach – for implementing these alternative strategies. First, building on the socioconstructivist and performativist accounts, the article pleads for studying the institutional and non-institutional sayings and doings about “migration” that generate historic-specific and changeable migranticized societal orders. Second, the article synthesizes the doing-migration approach and coloniality/ies-sensitive approaches to explicitly study long-term, large-scale power asymmetries and patterns of inequalities in the context of the postcolonial, postsocialist and neo-colonial dynamics. Finally, in addressing the question “Who has the power of definition within migration studies?”, this article differentiates between the concepts of standpoint and positionality. KW - Sociology and Political Science KW - Anthropology KW - Cultural Studies Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/01419870.2022.2064717 SN - 0141-9870 VL - 45 IS - 13 SP - 2393 EP - 2415 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Amelina, Anna T1 - Theorizing large-scale societal relations through the conceptual lens of cross-border assemblages T2 - Current Sociology N2 - The concept of assemblage has recently become fashionable in studies of cross-border, global and transnational relations. In addressing the most important elements of this approach, the article provides an analytical vocabulary for analysing the processes of societalization in the context of global and transnational realms. After critically reflecting on the classical sociological approaches to society and social differentiation, the article argues that, because of its poststructuralist basis, the concept of assemblage is the appropriate conceptual tool for studying societal macro-relations of power and inequality while avoiding the modernist heritage of classical social theory. Furthermore, by synthesizing poststructuralist thinking, intersectional theory and multiscalar approaches to space, the article suggests that the assemblage theory can be used to better understand the current forms of cross-border social inequalities in the multiple and partly overlapping contexts of postcolonialism, postsocialism and the EU political project. In a nutshell, it is not a plea to adopt the assemblage approach as a new ‘grand theory’ but rather as a flexible conceptual tool that allows an inductive theory-building. KW - Sociology and Political Science Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/0011392120931145 SN - 0011-3921 VL - 69 IS - 3 SP - 352 EP - 371 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Amelina, Anna A1 - Boatcă, Manuela A1 - Bongaerts, Gregor A1 - Weiß, Anja T1 - Theorizing societalization across borders: Globality, transnationality, postcoloniality T2 - Current Sociology N2 - The editorial summarizes the main conceptual and epistemological challenges of theorizing on society across borders. Its particular aim is to initiate the dialogue between theories of society and cross-border studies that address global, transnational and postcolonial relations. In essence, this special issue addresses four interrelated concerns of studying societal processes across borders. The first of these concerns is prompted by a decades-old critique of methodological nationalism. The second concern addresses the question of how can ‘society’ and the boundaries of ‘societalization’ be conceptualized, if global, transnational and postcolonial processes straddle the boundaries of nation-states? The third concern relates to the fact that sociological ‘grand’ theories have been criticized for failing to analyze recent developments of societies on a meso- and micro-level. Fourthly, a conversation between social theory and cross-border studies is also challenged by epistemic inequalities. Therefore, theories of society should be able to take into account not only the ‘grand scale’ of societal contexts and societal changes but also the positionality of the theorizing subject within global asymmetries of power. KW - Sociology and Political Science Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/0011392120952119 SN - 0011-3921 VL - 69 IS - 3 SP - 303 EP - 314 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Koycheva, Lora A1 - VandenBroek, Angela T1 - Sandbox Innovation: Potentials and Impacts T2 - Practicing Anthropology Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/08884552.2024.2307293 SN - 0888-4552 VL - 46 IS - 1 SP - 36 EP - 45 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Markwardt, Gunther A1 - Schnellenbach, Jan A1 - Titze, Mirko A1 - Zundel, Stefan T1 - Umsetzung der Hilfen für die Flankierung des Kohleausstiegs in der brandenburgischen Lausitz – eine Zwischenbilanz T2 - ifo Dresden berichtet N2 - Der Artikel befasst sich mit der Verteilung der Finanzmittel, die nach InvKG in der brandenburgischen Lausitz ausgereicht werden, und diskutiert die Frage, ob diese Ausgaben bestimmungsgerecht sind. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/263878/1/ifoDD_22-03_12-18_Markwardt.pdf SN - 0945-5922 VL - 29 IS - 3 SP - 12 EP - 18 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zundel, Stefan A1 - Nagel, Marius T1 - Intelligente Spezialisierung in der brandenburgischen Lausitz – eine Fallstudie T2 - List Forum für Wirtschafts- und Finanzpolitik N2 - ZusammenfassungIntelligente Spezialisierung ist eine politische Handlungsempfehlung, die seit mehreren Jahren die Regionalpolitik der Europäischen Union bestimmt. Der Just Transition Fund, der die Transformation in den Kohleregionen der EU erleichtern soll, erfordert einen Just Transition Plan, der ebenfalls auf dem Konzept der intelligenten Spezialisierung aufbaut. Die Empfehlung basiert auf der Annahme, dass sich auch in peripheren und wirtschaftlich schwachen Regionen endogene Entwicklungspotentiale finden, die sich durch eine geschickte regionale Förderung, die auf diese Eigenheiten abstellt, entwickeln lassen. Die empirischen Befunde in dieser Fallstudie zur Lausitz zeigen, dass jenseits des Energiebereiches in der Lausitz keine wirtschaftlichen oder innovativen Potenziale im Sinne kritischer Massen vorhanden sind, auf die sich zwanglos aufbauen ließe. Potenziale ergeben sich hingegen durch überregionale Arbeitsteilung, durch den Aufbau kritischer Massen in der Forschung, die Unternehmen in die Region ziehen können, und die Adressierung regionaler Problemlagen wie zum Beispiel einer prekären Daseinsvorsorge im Gefolge der demografischen Entleerung der Region. Endogene Entwicklungspotentiale im Sinne innovativer KMU gibt es; sie dürften allein allerdings nicht ausreichend für eine Kompensation der wegfallenden Arbeitsplätze in der Braunkohleverstromung sein. KW - Economics KW - Econometrics and Finance (miscellaneous) Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s41025-023-00247-0 SN - 0937-0862 VL - 49 IS - 1-4 SP - 25 EP - 43 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Strobel, Carsten A1 - Alvarado Chavarin, Carlos A1 - Knaut, Martin A1 - Völkel, Sandra A1 - Albert, Matthias A1 - Hiess, Andre A1 - Max, Benjamin A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Kirchner, Robert A1 - Mikolajick, Thomas T1 - High Gain Graphene Based Hot Electron Transistor with Record High Saturated Output Current Density T2 - Advanced Electronic Materials N2 - Hot electron transistors (HETs) represent an exciting frontier in semiconductor technology, holding the promise of high-speed and high-frequency electronics. With the exploration of two-dimensional materials such as graphene and new device architectures, HETs are poised to revolutionize the landscape of modern electronics. This study highlights a novel HET structure with a record output current density of 800 A/cm² and a high current gain α, fabricated using a scalable fabrication approach. The HET structure comprises two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) and graphene layers wet transferred to a germanium substrate. The combination of these materials results in exceptional performance, particularly in terms of the highly saturated output current density. The scalable fabrication scheme used to produce the HET opens up opportunities for large-scale manufacturing. This breakthrough in HET technology holds promise for advanced electronic applications, offering high current capabilities in a practical and manufacturable device. KW - Graphene KW - Transistor Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.202300624 SN - 2199-160X VL - 10 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bembnista, Kamil A1 - Gailing, Ludger T1 - The Socio-Spatiality of Energy Borderlands – Multidimensional Discursive Practices Regarding the Turów Coal Mine Conflict T2 - Journal of Borderlands Studies N2 - An important component regarding the climate and energy crisis and its implications is the upheaval in energy production and supply as a fundamental transition in favor of low-carbon energy. The regions of the German-Polish border area studied in this paper encounter different development paths of coal and renewable energy sources. One emblematic recent case in this context, is the legal dispute over the closure of the Turów coal mine. The authors investigate to what extent these energy spaces develop between European frameworks, nation-state policies as well as regional and local implementations. The analysis is based on regional discourses of German and Polish newspapers with the highest circulation in the border area. The combination of a discourse analysis and a multidimensional, space-theoretical approach overcomes a simplification of socio-spatial strategies and enables a differentiation of the borderlands. Additionally, the examination of the discursive practices provides insights on scaling and network activities as well as on strategies of place-protection in socio-material energy spaces in the German-Polish borderland. KW - Energy borderlands KW - transition in coal regions KW - multidimensional spatial analysis KW - Polish-German border Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/08865655.2024.2330058 SN - 2159-1229 SP - 1 EP - 20 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Brusch, Ines T1 - Identification of Travel Styles by Learning from Consumer-generated Images in Online Travel Communities T2 - Information & Management N2 - “A picture is worth a thousand words”: Never has this adage been more meaningful than it is today. Online social media is driving the growth of unstructured image data. Unstructured data must be structured to be informative and thereby contribute to user understanding and revenue generation. Hitherto, companies have only been able to accomplish this through tedious manual work. This paper demonstrates how image data can be analyzed automatically using a combination of image analysis methods and fuzzy cluster algorithms to predict user preferences, which companies can then use to make targeted offers. Several methods, including support vector machines (SVMs) and convolutional neural networks (CNNs), are benchmarked across various cases of image data taken from an online travel community. Depending on the images’ diversity either a SVM or a CNN provides the best basis for preference prediction. KW - Image analysis KW - online travel community KW - convolutional neural networks (CNNs) KW - preferences Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2022.103682 SN - 0378-7206 VL - 59 IS - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kurapati, Vinaykumar Reddy A1 - Borg, Anders A1 - Seidel, Lars A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - Fast CFD Diesel engine modelling using the 1-Dimentional SprayLet approach T2 - SAE Technical Paper N2 - In the SAE article 2023-24-0083: SprayLet: One-dimensional interactive cross-sectionally averaged spray model, we formulatet a one-dimensional Spray model in interaction with the surrounding gas phase. We could demonstrate, that the model predicted liquid and gaseous penetration length in good aggreement with ECN spray experiments. In this paper we use this model in engine CFD (CONVERGE CFD) and demonstrate a strong reduction in CPU time (50%). We can show a strong decrease in grid dependency, which allows a further reduction of CPU time (90%). We will present engine CFD simulations, comparing detailed spray with SpayLet simulations. This includes pressure traces, heat release, and emissions. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.sae.org/publications/technical-papers/content/2024-01-2684/ SN - 0148-7191 SN - 2688-3627 IS - 2024-01-2684 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kurapati, Vinaykumar Reddy A1 - Borg, Anders A1 - Seidel, Lars A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - SprayLet: One-Dimensional Interactive Cross-Sectionally Averaged Spray Model T2 - SAE Technical Paper N2 - Spray modeling is among the main aspects of mixture formation and combustion in internal combustion engines. It plays a major role in pollutant formation and energy efficiency although adequate modeling is still under development. Strong grid dependence is observed in the droplet-based stochastic spray model commonly used. As an alternative, an interactive model called 'SprayLet' is being developed for spray simulations based on one-dimensional integrated equations for the gas and liquid phases, resulting from cross-sectionally averaging of multi-dimensional transport equations to improve statistical convergence. The formulated one-dimensional cross-section averaged system is solved independently of the CFD program to provide source terms for mass, momentum and heat transfer between the gas and liquid phases. The transport processes take place in a given spray cone where the nozzle exit is automatically resolved. In the 1D program, the conservation equations are for droplet diameter, droplet temperature, as well as for continuity and momentum of the liquid and the gaseous phase are solved. The source terms between the phases are conservatively embedded into the spray region of the CFD program. In CFD program, the transport equations are solved for gas phase only. The SprayLet model is validated using standard Sandia sprays by comparing penetration lengths and fuel mixture fractions with experimental data. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4271/2023-24-0083 SN - 0148-7191 SN - 2688-3627 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Manna, Maria Virginia A1 - Sabia, Pino A1 - Shrestha, Krishna Prasad A1 - Seidel, Lars A1 - Ragucci, Raffaele A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - De Joannon, Mara T1 - NH3NO interaction at low-temperatures: an experimental and modeling study T2 - Proceedings of the Combustion Institute N2 - The present work provides new insight into NH3single bondNO interaction under low-temperature conditions. The oxidation process of neat NH3 and NH3 doped with NO (450, 800 ppm) was experimentally investigated in a Jet Stirred Flow Reactor at atmospheric pressure for the temperature range 900–1350 K. Results showed NO concentration is entirely controlled by DeNOx reactions in the temperature range 1100–1250 K, while NH3single bondNO interaction does not develop through a sensitizing NO effect, for these operating conditions. A detailed kinetic model was developed by systematically updating rate constants of controlling reactions and declaring new reactions for N2H2 isomers (cis and trans). The proposed mechanism well captures target species as NO and H2 profiles. For NH3single bondNO mixtures, NO profiles were properly reproduced through updated DeNOx chemistry, while NH2 recombination reactions were found to be essential for predicting the formation of H2. The role of ammonia as a third-body species is implemented in the updated mechanism, with remarkable effects on species predictions. For neat NH3 mixture, the reaction H+O2(+M)=HO2(+M) was crucial to predict NO formation via the reaction NH2+HO2double bondH2NO+OH. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2022.09.027 SN - 1873-2704 VL - 39 IS - 1 SP - 775 EP - 784 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Turquand d'Auzay, Charles A1 - Shapiro, Evgeniy A1 - Prouvier, Matthieu A1 - Winkler, Axel A1 - Seidel, Lars A1 - Borg, Anders A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - Evaluation of Fast Detailed Kinetics Calibration Methodology for 3D CFD Simulations of Spray Combustion T2 - SAE Technical Paper N2 - Meeting strict current and future emissions legislation necessitates development of computational tools capable of predicting the behaviour of combustion and emissions with an accuracy sufficient to make correct design decisions while keeping computational cost of the simulations amenable for large-scale design space exploration. While detailed kinetics modelling is increasingly seen as a necessity for accurate simulations, the computational cost can be often prohibitive, prompting interest in simplified approaches allowing fast simulation of reduced mechanisms at coarse grid resolutions appropriate for internal combustion engine simulations in design context. In this study we present a simplified Well-stirred Reactor (WSR) implementation coupled with 3D CFD Ricardo VECTIS solver. A detailed evaluation of benchmark ECN spray problem is presented demonstrating that a single point calibration of such a model using a bulk reaction multiplier approach can provide correct representation of the solution across a wide range of temperatures on grid sizes typically employed for RANS internal combustion engine simulations with tabulated kinetics or zonal combustion models. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4271/2022-01-1042 SN - 0148-7191 SN - 0096-5170 IS - 2022-01-1042 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Van Treek, Lisa A1 - Lubrano Lavadera, Marco A1 - Seidel, Lars A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Konnov, Alexander A. T1 - Experimental and modelling study of laminar burning velocity of aqueous ethanol T2 - Fuel N2 - Laminar burning velocities of ethanol-water-air mixtures have been determined using the heat flux method. Aqueous ethanol contained 0–40% of water by mole fraction. Laminar premixed flat flames were stabilized on a perforated burner under adiabatic conditions for the equivalence ratio range from 0.7 to 1.4. Burning velocity measurements were performed for the initial gas temperature of 358 K and at atmospheric pressure. The results for ethanol-air flames are in good agreement with the previous data obtained using the same heat flux method. The present and literature experimental data were compared against predictions using four different kinetic models. All models show uniform behaviour over the range of ethanol dilution by water covered in the present study. However, model predictions significantly diverge from the experimental data obtained in spherical flames. To quantify the effect of dilution on the laminar burning velocity, an empirical dimensionless correlation has been derived from the experimental data and predictions of the models tested. Further numerical analyses were performed to identify the effects of water addition on laminar burning velocities. Results suggested that water strongly interacts with the H2/O2 and C1 oxidation/recombination routes. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2019.116069 SN - 1873-7153 VL - 257 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hilbig, Martin A1 - Malliotakis, Zisis A1 - Seidel, Lars A1 - Vourliotakis, George A1 - Keramiotis, Christos A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Founti, Maria T1 - The effect of base chemistry choice in a generated n‐hexane oxidation model using an automated mechanism generator T2 - International Journal of Chemical Kinetics N2 - The present study describes the utilization of a reaction mechanism generator for the development of chemical kinetic models. The aim of the investigation is twofold. The in-house developed mechanism generator is updated with reaction classes reported in the literature, and the effect of the lower hydrocarbon chemistry, that is, base chemistry, on the generation process is assessed. For this purpose, the algorithm is implemented on two different base chemistry mechanisms, that have previously been validated against a different range of hydrocarbons, that is, the mechanisms of the groups coauthoring the study. n-Hexane has been used as a modeling target due to its important role in combustion studies as a surrogate for engine and aviation applications. The steps of the generation process are given in detail as this is the first time the current algorithm is utilized. The two generated mechanisms are compared against speciation data, ignition delay times, and flame velocities from the literature. The overall agreement of the generated mechanisms is satisfying; discrepancies exist in the negative temperature coefficient regime. Reaction path analysis and sensitivity analysis were performed, revealing the reactions that cause the different mechanism performance. Among others, the study reveals that the generated schemes pose a fast and adequate alternative to literature mechanisms; it is however evident that the latter may include more detailed reaction paths and are therefore superior in terms of validation. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/kin.21309 SN - 1097-4601 SN - 0538-8066 VL - 51 IS - 10 SP - 786 EP - 798 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ballaschk, Cindy A1 - Schulze-Reichelt, Friederike A1 - Wachs, Sebastian A1 - Krause, Norman A1 - Wettstein, Alexander A1 - Kansok-Dusche, Julia A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Schubarth, Wilfried T1 - Erratum zu: Ist das (schon) Hatespeech? – Eine qualitative Untersuchung zum Verständnis vonHatespeech unter pädagogischem Schulpersonal T2 - Zeitschrift für Bildungsforschung Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s35834-022-00377-z SN - 2190-6890 VL - 13 IS - 1 SP - 189 EP - 190 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Thurm, Stefanie A1 - Wenzelburger, Georg A1 - Ulrich, Peter T1 - Studying policy transfer and policy learning in border regions. A proposition for interdisciplinary dialogue and a research agenda T2 - Regional & Federal Studies N2 - In recent years, research on cross-border cooperation has proliferated, also receiving increased attention from political science. Nevertheless, important insights from the literatures on policy learning and transfer have not been systematically introduced into this field of study so far. In this article, we address this shortcoming by offering an analytical framework for analysing policy learning and transfer in (cross-)border regions, thereby focusing on processes that may help us better capture the evolution and dynamics of cross-border regions. We conceptually discern between four different types, namely policy learning in cross-border regions, horizontal transfer in cross-border regions, horizontal transfer between cross-border regions and vertical transfer between the European or the national and the (cross-)border level. For each case, we discuss potential drivers and give empirical examples to illustrate the conceptual model. KW - Border region KW - policy transfer KW - policy learning KW - policy innovation KW - cross-border cooperation Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/13597566.2024.2329882 SN - 1359-7566 SP - 1 EP - 26 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Amelina, Anna A1 - Horvath, Kenneth T1 - Regimes of Intersection: Facing the Manifold Interplays of Discourses, Institutions, and Inequalities in the Regulation of Migration T2 - Migration Letters N2 - This article proposes to move towards an intersectional regime perspectives to enhance our understanding of the interrelations of borders, boundaries, and inequalities in migration contexts. It addresses a conspicuous mismatch in current research: While the contingencies and context-dependencies of migration regimes are widely acknowledged, little attention has been paid to the actual interwoven mechanisms and processes that link political orders to social formations. We suggest amending already existing analyses of intersectional effects of migration-related ‘lines of oppression’ in two regards. First, we argue for focusing on the intersectional dynamics of political rationalities that give rise to boundaries and borders (the securitisation, the economisation, and the humanitarianisation of migration). Second, we highlight the need to investigate the intersections between different fields of practice involved in the implementation and enactment of boundaries and borders. We conclude by identifying key challenges and promises of an intersectional regime perspective for migration research. KW - Geography KW - Demography KW - Planning and Development Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.33182/ml.v17i4.710 SN - 1741-8992 VL - 17 IS - 4 SP - 487 EP - 497 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Amelina, Anna A1 - Bause, Niklaas T1 - Forced migrant families' assemblages of care and social protection between solidarity and inequality T2 - Journal of Family Research N2 - The article analyses various forms of care and social protection that forced-migrant transnational families exchange despite their individual members living in different countries. It presents outcomes of a small-scale empirical study of the family practices of mobile individuals from Syria and Afghanistan who arrived in Germany during and after the "long summer of 2015". Building on social protection research and transnational care studies, the article introduces the concept of care and protection assemblages, which highlights the heterogeneity, processuality and multi-scalar quality of migrant families’ efforts to improve well-being. It includes an empirical analysis that illustrates key elements of the proposed concept and shows the significance of cross-border circulation of remittances, the selectivity in the cross-border circulation of emotions and limitations on the cross-border circulation of hands-on and practical care. These findings are framed by an analysis of solidarity organizations at the meso-level and (multiscalar) securitized asylum policies at the macro-level in the German context. The proposed conceptual framework takes into consideration migrant families’ simultaneity of solidarity and inequality experiences by locating the examination of family-making at the micro-, meso-, and macro-levels of analysis. KW - Applied Mathematics KW - General Mathematics Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.20377/jfr-375 SN - 2699-2337 VL - 32 IS - 3 SP - 415 EP - 434 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berneis, Moritz A1 - Winkler, Herwig A1 - Abdelkafi, Nizar T1 - Insights from interviews with German supply chain managers: a study of supply chain transformations and emerging issues T2 - Procedia Computer Science N2 - To investigate current trends and challenges related to supply chain management in Germany, we conduct an interview-based study involving 16 experts. The study focuses on three areas: supply chain transformations, software challenges, and the adoption of emerging technologies. Supply chain transformations are influenced by increasing supply chain complexity, the growing prevalence of e-commerce, and the increased importance allocated by customers to trust and transparency. Complexity is, in part, due to disruptions caused by policy responses to the pandemic and to software challenges in terms of the adaptability of ERP systems and the cybersecurity of cloud-based solutions. This study is relevant for practitioners, as it sheds light on pressing issues in supply chain management, and for researchers as it uncovers potential topics that require further research in the future. KW - Supply Chain Management (SCM) Interviews KW - Emerging Technologies KW - German Companies KW - Digitalization KW - Trends KW - Interviews Y1 - 2024 UR - https://authors.elsevier.com/sd/article/S1877-0509(24)00106-6 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2024.01.106 SN - 1877-0509 VL - Vol. 232 SP - 1079 EP - 1088 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nanning, Felix A1 - Braune, Katharina A1 - Uttner, Ingo A1 - Ludolph, Albert Christian A1 - Gorges, Martin A1 - Lulé, Dorothée T1 - Altered Gaze Control During Emotional Face Exploration in Patients With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis T2 - Neurology N2 - Objectives Up to 50% of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) present with cognitive problems and behavioral dysfunctions including recognition of human faces presenting different emotions. We investigated whether impaired processing of emotional faces is associated with abnormal scan paths during visual exploration. Methods Cognitively unimpaired patients with ALS (n = 45) and matched healthy controls (n = 37) underwent neuropsychological assessment and video-based eye tracking. Eye movements were recorded while participants visually explored faces expressing different emotions (neutral, disgusted, happy, fearful, and sad) and houses mimicking faces. Results Compared with controls, patients with ALS fixated significantly longer to regions which are not relevant for emotional information when faces expressed fear (p = 0.007) and disgust (p = 0.006), whereas the eyes received less attention in faces expressing disgust (p = 0.041). Fixation duration in any area of interest was not significantly associated with the cognitive state or clinical symptoms of disease severity. Discussion In cognitively unimpaired patients with ALS, altered gaze patterns while visually exploring faces expressing different emotions might derive from impaired top-down attentional control with possible involvement of subliminal frontotemporal areas. This may account for indistinctness in emotion recognition reported in previous studies because nonsalient features retrieve more attention compared with salient areas. Current findings may indicate distinct emotion processing dysfunction of ALS pathology, which may be different from, for example, executive dysfunction. KW - Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis KW - Clinical Neurology KW - Clinical neurology examination KW - Neuro-ophthalmology KW - Neuromuscular Disease KW - Visual processing Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000207214 SN - 0028-3878 VL - 101 IS - 6 SP - 264 EP - 269 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Charissé, Daniel A1 - Erus, Guray A1 - Pomponio, Raymond A1 - Gorges, Martin A1 - Schmidt, Nele A1 - Schneider, Christine A1 - Liepelt-Scarfone, Inga A1 - Riedel, Oliver A1 - Reetz, Kathrin A1 - Schulz, Jörg B. A1 - Berg, Daniela A1 - Storch, Alexander A1 - Witt, Karsten A1 - Dodel, Richard A1 - Kalbe, Elke A1 - Kassubek, Jan A1 - Hilker-Roggendorf, Rüdiger A1 - Baudrexel, Simon T1 - Brain age and Alzheimer's-like atrophy are domain-specific predictors of cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease T2 - Neurobiology of Aging N2 - Recently, it was shown that patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) who exhibit an “Alzheimer's disease (AD)-like” pattern of brain atrophy are at greater risk for future cognitive decline. This study aimed to investigate whether this association is domain-specific and whether atrophy associated with brain aging also relates to cognitive impairment in PD. SPARE-AD, an MRI index capturing AD-like atrophy, and atrophy-based estimates of brain age were computed from longitudinal structural imaging data of 178 PD patients and 84 healthy subjects from the LANDSCAPE cohort. All patients underwent an extensive neuropsychological test battery. Patients diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment or dementia were found to have higher SPARE-AD scores as compared to patients with normal cognition and healthy controls. All patient groups showed increased brain age. SPARE-AD predicted impairment in memory, language and executive functions, whereas advanced brain age was associated with deficits in attention and working memory. Data suggest that SPARE-AD and brain age are differentially related to domain-specific cognitive decline in PD. The underlying pathomechanisms remain to be determined. KW - Alzheimer's disease KW - Brain Age KW - MRI KW - Parkinson's disease KW - Pattern classification Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0197458021002748?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2021.08.020 SN - 0197-4580 VL - 109 SP - 31 EP - 42 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klug, Marius A1 - Kloosterman, Niels A. T1 - Zapline-plus: A Zapline extension for automatic and adaptive removal of frequency-specific noise artifacts in M/EEG T2 - Human Brain Mapping N2 - Removing power line noise and other frequency‐specific artifacts from electrophysiological data without affecting neural signals remains a challenging task. Recently, an approach was introduced that combines spectral and spatial filtering to effectively remove line noise: Zapline. This algorithm, however, requires manual selection of the noise frequency and the number of spatial components to remove during spatial filtering. Moreover, it assumes that noise frequency and spatial topography are stable over time, which is often not warranted. To overcome these issues, we introduce Zapline‐plus, which allows adaptive and automatic removal of frequency‐specific noise artifacts from M/electroencephalography (EEG) and LFP data. To achieve this, our extension first segments the data into periods (chunks) in which the noise is spatially stable. Then, for each chunk, it searches for peaks in the power spectrum, and finally applies Zapline. The exact noise frequency around the found target frequency is also determined separately for every chunk to allow fluctuations of the peak noise frequency over time. The number of to‐be‐removed components by Zapline is automatically determined using an outlier detection algorithm. Finally, the frequency spectrum after cleaning is analyzed for suboptimal cleaning, and parameters are adapted accordingly if necessary before re‐running the process. The software creates a detailed plot for monitoring the cleaning. We highlight the efficacy of the different features of our algorithm by applying it to four openly available data sets, two EEG sets containing both stationary and mobile task conditions, and two magnetoencephalography sets containing strong line noise. KW - Neurology (clinical) KW - Neurology KW - Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging KW - Radiological and Ultrasound Technology KW - Anatomy Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.25832 SN - 1065-9471 VL - 43 IS - 9 SP - 2743 EP - 2758 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gehrke, Lukas A1 - Lopes, Pedro A1 - Klug, Marius A1 - Akman, Sezen A1 - Gramann, Klaus T1 - Neural sources of prediction errors detect unrealistic VR interactions T2 - Journal of Neural Engineering N2 - Objective. Neural interfaces hold significant promise to implicitly track user experience. Their application in virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR) simulations is especially favorable as it allows user assessment without breaking the immersive experience. In VR, designing immersion is one key challenge. Subjective questionnaires are the established metrics to assess the effectiveness of immersive VR simulations. However, administering such questionnaires requires breaking the immersive experience they are supposed to assess. Approach. We present a complimentary metric based on a event-related potentials. For the metric to be robust, the neural signal employed must be reliable. Hence, it is beneficial to target the neural signal’s cortical origin directly, efficiently separating signal from noise. To test this new complementary metric, we designed a reach-to-tap paradigm in VR to probe electroencephalography (EEG) and movement adaptation to visuo-haptic glitches. Our working hypothesis was, that these glitches, or violations of the predicted action outcome, may indicate a disrupted user experience. Main results. Using prediction error negativity features, we classified VR glitches with 77% accuracy. We localized the EEG sources driving the classification and found midline cingulate EEG sources and a distributed network of parieto-occipital EEG sources to enable the classification success. Significance. Prediction error signatures from these sources reflect violations of user’s predictions during interaction with AR/VR, promising a robust and targeted marker for adaptive user interfaces. KW - Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience KW - Biomedical Engineering Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-2552/ac69bc SN - 1741-2560 VL - 19 IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Harmening, Nils A1 - Klug, Marius A1 - Gramann, Klaus A1 - Miklody, Daniel T1 - HArtMuT—modeling eye and muscle contributors in neuroelectric imaging T2 - Journal of Neural Engineering N2 - Objective. Magneto- and electroencephalography (M/EEG) measurements record a mix of signals from the brain, eyes, and muscles. These signals can be disentangled for artifact cleaning e.g. using spatial filtering techniques. However, correctly localizing and identifying these components relies on head models that so far only take brain sources into account. Approach. We thus developed the Head Artifact Model using Tripoles (HArtMuT). This volume conduction head model extends to the neck and includes brain sources as well as sources representing eyes and muscles that can be modeled as single dipoles, symmetrical dipoles, and tripoles. We compared a HArtMuT four-layer boundary element model (BEM) with the EEGLAB standard head model on their localization accuracy and residual variance (RV) using a HArtMuT finite element model (FEM) as ground truth. We also evaluated the RV on real-world data of mobile participants, comparing different HArtMuT BEM types with the EEGLAB standard head model. Main results. We found that HArtMuT improves localization for all sources, especially non-brain, and localization error and RV of non-brain sources were in the same range as those of brain sources. The best results were achieved by using cortical dipoles, muscular tripoles, and ocular symmetric dipoles, but dipolar sources alone can already lead to convincing results. Significance. We conclude that HArtMuT is well suited for modeling eye and muscle contributions to the M/EEG signal. It can be used to localize sources and to identify brain, eye, and muscle components. HArtMuT is freely available and can be integrated into standard software. KW - Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience KW - Biomedical Engineering Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-2552/aca8ce SN - 1741-2560 VL - 19 IS - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Damm, Nadja A1 - Aukongo, Stefanie Lahya T1 - »Es gibt zu wenig Bühnen für meine Leute.« Gespräch mit Lahya Aukongo über die heilende Kraft von Spoken Word und Poetry T2 - Kulturelle Bildung Online - Dossier Klassismus N2 - Das Gespräch mit der Initiator*in der „One World Poetry Night“, Autor*in, Spoken Word Künstler*in und Schreibpädagog*in Lahya Aukongo thematisiert Bildungs- und Emanzipationspraktiken für eine künstlerisch-aktivistische Antidiskriminierungsarbeit. Aukongo verbindet biografisches (Körper-)Wissen mit praktischen Anleitungen rund um eine allgemeine Sensibilisierung für intersektionale Diskrimininierungsformen, u.a. zwischen rassistischen, ableistischen und klassistischen Modi sozialer und individueller Abwertung. Dagegen stellt Aukongo am Beispiel von Kreativem Schreiben und Spoken Word Empowermenttechniken vor, die mit soft spaces und selbstorganisierten Community-Räume Strategien zu Sensibilisierung und Empowerment in den Vordergrund rücken. Dieser Text ist Teil des Dossiers „Klassismus und Kulturelle Bildung“. KW - Klassismus KW - Rassismus KW - Ableismus KW - Kulturelle Bildung KW - Intersektionalität Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.kubi-online.de/artikel/gibt-wenig-buhnen-fur-meine-leute-gesprach-lahya-aukongo-ueber-heilende-kraft-spoken-word SN - 2509-2782 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lee, Roh Pin A1 - Keller, Florian A1 - Graebner, Martin T1 - Beyond Plastics-to-Plastics to Waste-to-Products: Opportunities for Closing the Carbon Cycle via Chemical Recycling T2 - Chemie Ingenieur Technik N2 - The plastic crisis is a key driver for chemical recycling (CR), with focus placed on plastics circularity via Plastics‐to‐Plastics. This neglects its potential in enabling circularity for a wide range of carbon‐containing waste and hinders a critical discussion of its broader contributions to decarbonizing the chemical sector. To address this gap, four CR routes and their integration in the conventional waste treatment and chemical production value chains are briefly reviewed, and reasons proposed for a focus expansion to Waste‐to‐Products to realize opportunities for closing the carbon cycle via chemical recycling. KW - Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering KW - General Chemical Engineering KW - General Chemistry Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cite.202300013 SN - 0009-286X VL - 95 IS - 8 SP - 1228 EP - 1232 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Voss, Raoul Lukas A1 - Lee, Roh Pin A1 - Keller, Florian T1 - Towards a Structured Framework for Techno‐Economic Analyses of Chemical Recycling Technologies T2 - Chemie Ingenieur Technik N2 - The role of chemical recycling (CR) as a valuable complementary strategy to mechanical recycling in closing the carbon cycle for carbon‐containing waste is currently being discussed in political, economic, and social spheres. However, CR deployment is hindered by uncertainties regarding its environmental impacts and costs compared to conventional waste treatment and chemical production routes. While methods for assessing CR's environmental impacts are the focus of socio‐political debates and investigations, techno‐economic analyses (TEA) to evaluate costs of CR remain scarce. To contribute to a standardized framework for assessing the economic viability of CR technologies, this article draws on life cycle assessment and TEA literature to develop a six‐stage TEA process for CR. A checklist is also presented to support transparent and comprehensive analyses. KW - Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering KW - General Chemical Engineering KW - General Chemistry Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cite.202200245 SN - 0009-286X VL - 95 IS - 8 SP - 1233 EP - 1246 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Voss, Raoul Lukas A1 - Lee, Roh Pin A1 - Fröhling, Magnus T1 - A consequential approach to life cycle sustainability assessment with an agent‐based model to determine the potential contribution of chemical recycling to UN Sustainable Development Goals T2 - Journal of Industrial Ecology KW - General Social Sciences KW - General Environmental Science Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/jiec.13303 SN - 1088-1980 VL - 27 IS - 3 SP - 726 EP - 745 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Saskia M. A1 - Bilz, Ludwig T1 - Mobbing und Cybermobbing an Schulen in Deutschland: Ergebnisse der HBSC-Studie 2022 und Trends von 2009/10 bis 2022 T2 - Journal of Health Monitoring N2 - Hintergrund: Mobbing ist eine Form der Gewalt, die wiederholt, mit der Absicht zu schädigen und mit einem Machtungleichgewicht zwischen den Beteiligten ausgeübt wird. Mobbing hat schwerwiegende negative Auswirkungen auf die psychische Gesundheit Heranwachsender und stellt damit ein bedeutsames Gesundheitsrisiko im Kindes- und Jugendalter dar. Methode: Basierend auf den Daten der „Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC)“-Studie aus dem Erhebungsjahr 2022 in Deutschland (N=6.475) wurde analysiert, wie verbreitet schulisches Mobbing und Cybermobbing in Deutschland unter 11-, 13- und 15-Jährigen waren. Zudem wurde die Verbreitung von schulischem Mobbing und Cybermobbing im Trendverlauf von 2009/10– 2022 (Mobbing) bzw. von 2017/18–2022 (Cybermobbing) analysiert. Ergebnisse: Rund 14% der befragten Lernenden gaben direkte Erfahrungen mit schulischem Mobbing an, rund 7% berichteten Cybermobbingerfahrungen als Gemobbte und/oder Mobbende. Heranwachsende, die sich als gender-divers identifizierten, gaben besonders häufig Mobbingerfahrungen an. Schulisches Mobbing nahm im Zeitverlauf ab, blieb zwischen 2017/18 und 2022 aber stabil. Cybermobbing nahm 2022 im Vergleich zu 2017/18 dagegen zu. Schlussfolgerungen: Mobbingerfahrungen in der Schule und online sind für viele Kinder und Jugendliche eine alltägliche Erfahrung, sodass weiterhin Bedarf für eine breite Implementierung wirksamer Anti-Mobbing-Maßnahmen an Schulen besteht. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.25646/11871 SN - 2511-2708 VL - 9 IS - 1 SP - 46 EP - 67 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Winter, Kristina A1 - Moor, Irene A1 - Markert, Jenny A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Bucksch, Jens A1 - Dadaczynski, Kevin A1 - Fischer, Saskia M. A1 - Helmchen, Ronja M. A1 - Kaman, Anne A1 - Möckel, Juliane A1 - Rathmann, Katharina A1 - Ravens-Sieberer, Ulrike A1 - Reiß, Franziska A1 - Schierl, Theresa A1 - Schütz, Raphael A1 - Sendatzki, Saskia A1 - Stürmer, Elisabeth A1 - Sudeck, Gorden A1 - Richter, Matthias T1 - Konzept und Methodik der Studie Health Behaviour in Schoolaged Children (HBSC) – Einblicke in den aktuellen Survey 2022 und die Entwicklung in Deutschland T2 - Journal of Health Monitoring N2 - Hintergrund: „Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC)“ ist eine der größten internationalen Kinder- und Jugendgesundheitsstudien und kooperiert mit der Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO). In Deutschland werden im vierjährigen Turnus jeweils Heranwachsende im Alter von 11, 13 und 15 Jahren zur Gesundheit, zum Gesundheitsverhalten und zu sozialen Rahmenbedingungen befragt. Der Beitrag widmet sich der Beschreibung der HBSC-Studie und speziell der Methodik des aktuellen Surveys 2022 sowie der vorherigen Erhebungen von 2009/10 bis 2017/18. Methode: Am Survey 2022 beteiligten sich 174 Schulen mit insgesamt 6.475 Schülerinnen und Schülern. Die Erhebung erfolgte mittels Fragebogen und erfasst ein breites Themenspektrum (u. a. mentale Gesundheit, Bewegungsverhalten, Mobbingerfahrungen, soziale Determinanten der Gesundheit sowie Erfahrungen im Zusammenhang mit COVID-19). Ergänzt wurde die Erhebung 2022 um eine Schulleitungsbefragung (N = 160). Neben der aktuellen Stichprobe werden auch die Stichproben der vorangegangenen drei Surveys mit repräsentativen Angaben für Deutschland vorgestellt: 2009/10 (N = 5.005), 2013/14 (N = 5.961) und 2017/18 (N = 4.347). Diskussion: Die Kinder- und Jugendgesundheit hat eine hohe Public-Health-Relevanz. Dazu leistet die HBSC-Studie einen elementaren Beitrag, denn sie liefert international vergleichbare Ergebnisse, ermöglicht die Analyse von Trendentwicklungen und stellt umfangreiche, repräsentative Daten zum Gesundheitsmonitoring für Stakeholder bereit. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.25646/11877 SN - 2511-2708 VL - 9 IS - 1 SP - 108 EP - 127 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reiß, Franziska A1 - Behn, Steven A1 - Erhart, Michael A1 - Strelow, Lisa A1 - Kaman, Anne A1 - Ottová-Jordan, Veronika A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Moor, Irene A1 - Ravens-Sieberer, Ulrike T1 - Subjektive Gesundheit und psychosomatische Beschwerden von Kindern und Jugendlichen in Deutschland: Ergebnisse der HBSC-Studie 2009/10 – 2022 T2 - Journal of Health Monitoring N2 - Hintergrund: Die subjektive Gesundheit und das Wohlbefinden stellen wichtige Gesundheitsindikatoren im Kindes- und Jugendalter dar. Der vorliegende Beitrag zeigt aktuelle Ergebnisse sowie zeitliche Trends zwischen 2009/10 und 2022. Methode: Die „Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC)“-Studie erfasste in den Schuljahren 2009/10, 2013/14, 2017/18 und im Kalenderjahr 2022 bei N = 21.788 Schülerinnen und Schülern im Alter von 11 bis 15 Jahren deren subjektive Gesundheit, Lebenszufriedenheit und psychosomatische Beschwerden. Multivariate Regressionsanalysen zeigen die Zusammenhänge zwischen soziodemografischen Merkmalen und dem Wohlbefinden für 2022 sowie Trendverläufe seit 2009/10. Ergebnisse: Der Großteil der Kinder und Jugendlichen berichtet eine gute subjektive Gesundheit und eine hohe Lebenszufriedenheit. Etwa die Hälfte der Mädchen und ein Drittel der Jungen berichten multiple psychosomatische Gesundheitsbeschwerden, mit einem deutlichen Anstieg im zeitlichen Verlauf. Ältere Jugendliche, Mädchen und Genderdiverse haben ein erhöhtes Risiko für ein geringes Wohlbefinden. Zwischen 2009/10 und 2022 variierten die subjektive Gesundheit und die Lebenszufriedenheit mit einer deutlichen Verschlechterung von 2017/18 zu 2022. Schlussfolgerungen: Der hohe Anteil von Kindern und Jugendlichen mit psychosomatischen Beschwerden sowie die aufgezeigten Geschlechts- und Altersdiskrepanzen verdeutlichen den Bedarf an zielgruppenspezifischer Prävention, Gesundheitsförderung und einem kontinuierlichen Gesundheitsmonitoring. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.25646/11867 SN - 2511-2708 VL - 9 IS - 1 SP - 7 EP - 24 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Moor, Irene A1 - Herke, Max A1 - Markert, Jenny A1 - Böhm, Marie A1 - Reiß, Franziska A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Sudeck, Gorden A1 - Winter, Kristina T1 - Die zeitliche Entwicklung gesundheitlicher Ungleichheit im Kindes- und Jugendalter in Deutschland: Ergebnisse der HBSC-Studie 2009/10 – 2022 T2 - Journal of Health Monitoring N2 - Hintergrund: Viele Studien berichten von gesundheitlichen Ungleichheiten im Kindes- und Jugendalter. Unklar ist, wie sich diese in den letzten Jahren, insbesondere vor dem Hintergrund der COVID-19-Pandemie, entwickelt haben. Methode: Die Analysen basieren auf den deutschen Daten der internationalen HBSC-Studie (Health Behaviour in Schoolaged Children) von 2009/10 (n = 5.005), 2013/14 (n = 5.961), 2017/18 (n = 4.347) und 2022 (n = 6.475). Insgesamt wurden 21.788 Schülerinnen und Schüler im Alter von ca. 11 bis 15 Jahren berücksichtigt. Der sozioökonomische Status (SES) wurde mithilfe der Family Affluence Scale (FAS) erhoben. Verschiedene Gesundheitsindikatoren wurden mittels bi- und multivariaten Analysemethoden stratifiziert nach Geschlecht ausgewertet. Ergebnisse: 2022 zeigen sich deutliche sozioökonomische Ungleichheiten in der Lebenszufriedenheit, der subjektiven Gesundheit, im Obst- und Gemüsekonsum sowie im Bewegungsverhalten. Diese Ungleichheiten sind im Zeitverlauf von 2009/10 bis 2022 überwiegend konstant geblieben oder haben sich vergrößert. Zwischen 2017/18 und 2022 sind keine signifikanten Änderungen bezüglich der betrachteten Ungleichheiten zu erkennen. Schlussfolgerungen: Gesundheitliche Ungleichheiten zeigen sich kontinuierlich und reduzieren die Chancen auf ein gesundes Aufwachsen. Es gibt keine Hinweise darauf, dass sich die Ungleichheiten während des Pandemie-Zeitraums (zwischen 2017/18 und 2022) verändert haben. Die Veränderungen in den betrachteten Gesundheitsindikatoren betreffen vielmehr alle Heranwachsende in ähnlicher Weise. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.25646/11875 SN - 2511-2708 VL - 9 IS - 1 SP - 86 EP - 107 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Aigbedion-Atalor, Pascal A1 - Upfold, Jennifer A1 - Coombes, Candice A1 - Moore, Sean A1 - Hill, Martin T1 - Sexual selection in Thaumatotibia leucotreta (Meyrick) is shaped by contrasting geographic adaptations, but does it matter for area-wide sex pheromone control tools? T2 - Annals of Applied Biology N2 - AbstractThaumatotibia leucotreta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is a quarantine pest for certain export markets due to its phytosanitary status in affected crops in sub‐Saharan Africa, including citrus. Consequently, there is a zero‐tolerance policy for T. leucotreta in export markets. In South Africa, an integrated pest management strategy, incorporating a systems approach is used to achieve complete control of T. leucotreta. Preharvest management is multi‐faceted, including reliance on sex pheromone tools such as monitoring, attract‐and‐kill, mating disruptions, and sterile insect technique (SIT). Geographically isolated populations of T. leucotreta occur in South Africa, and there is speculation concerning the possible loss of sexual communication between these isolated populations, thereby compromising the efficiency of sex pheromone tools. To investigate this possibility, we collected samples from five geographically isolated populations of T. leucotreta and a population used for SIT in South Africa. These were subjected to sexual attraction trials under choice and no‐choice scenarios in a semi‐natural environment. Results of the choice tests revealed that males of each population preferred their corresponding population females, except irradiated males. However, when we deprived males of their preferred females, these preferences dissipated, and they were equally attracted to females from all populations. These results indicate that local adaptation and other selection forces in contrasting environments are important in sexual communication and selection in T. leucotreta but do not necessarily prevent recognition of sexual signals and attraction between geographically isolated populations. These findings are crucial for area‐wide IPM and precision control of T. leucotreta. KW - Agronomy and Crop Science Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/aab.12898 SN - 0003-4746 SP - 1 EP - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pham Xuan, Rebecca A1 - Andreessen, Lena M. A1 - Zander, Thorsten O. T1 - Investigating the Single Trial Detectability of Cognitive Face Processing by a Passive Brain-Computer Interface T2 - Frontiers in Neuroergonomics N2 - An automated recognition of faces enables machines to visually identify a person and to gain access to non-verbal communication, including mimicry. Different approaches in lab settings or controlled realistic environments provided evidence that automated face detection and recognition can work in principle, although applications in complex real-world scenarios pose a different kind of problem that could not be solved yet. Specifically, in autonomous driving—it would be beneficial if the car could identify non-verbal communication of pedestrians or other drivers, as it is a common way of communication in daily traffic. Automated identification from observation whether pedestrians or other drivers communicate through subtle cues in mimicry is an unsolved problem so far, as intent and other cognitive factors are hard to derive from observation. In contrast, communicating persons usually have clear understanding whether they communicate or not, and such information is represented in their mindsets. This work investigates whether the mental processing of faces can be identified through means of a Passive Brain-Computer Interface (pBCI). This then could be used to support the cars' autonomous interpretation of facial mimicry of pedestrians to identify non-verbal communication. Furthermore, the attentive driver can be utilized as a sensor to improve the context awareness of the car in partly automated driving. This work presents a laboratory study in which a pBCI is calibrated to detect responses of the fusiform gyrus in the electroencephalogram (EEG), reflecting face recognition. Participants were shown pictures from three different categories: faces, abstracts, and houses evoking different responses used to calibrate the pBCI. The resulting classifier could distinguish responses to faces from that evoked by other stimuli with accuracy above 70%, in a single trial. Further analysis of the classification approach and the underlying data identified activation patterns in the EEG that corresponds to face recognition in the fusiform gyrus. The resulting pBCI approach is promising as it shows better-than-random accuracy and is based on relevant and intended brain responses. Future research has to investigate whether it can be transferred from the laboratory to the real world and how it can be implemented into artificial intelligences, as used in autonomous driving. KW - Computer Networks and Communications KW - Hardware and Architecture KW - Software Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fnrgo.2021.754472 SN - 2673-6195 VL - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klaproth, Oliver W. A1 - Dietz, Emmanuelle A1 - Pawlitzki, Juliane A1 - Krol, Laurens R. A1 - Zander, Thorsten O. A1 - Russwinkel, Nele T1 - Modeling of anticipation using instance-based learning: application to automation surprise in aviation using passive BCI and eye-tracking data T2 - User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction KW - Computer Science Applications KW - Human-Computer Interaction KW - Education Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11257-024-09392-3 SN - 0924-1868 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Werder, Dina von A1 - Regnath, Franziska A1 - Schäfer, Daniel A1 - Jörres, Rudolf A1 - Lehnen, Nadine A1 - Glasauer, Stefan T1 - Post-COVID breathlessness: a mathematical model of respiratory processing in the brain T2 - European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience N2 - Breathlessness is among the most common post-COVID symptoms. In a considerable number of patients, severe breathlessness cannot be explained by peripheral organ impairment. Recent concepts have described how such persistent breathlessness could arise from dysfunctional processing of respiratory information in the brain. In this paper, we present a first quantitative and testable mathematical model of how processing of respiratory-related signals could lead to breathlessness perception. The model is based on recent theories that the brain holds an adaptive and dynamic internal representation of a respiratory state that is based on previous experiences and comprises gas exchange between environment, lung and tissue cells. Perceived breathlessness reflects the brain’s estimate of this respiratory state signaling a potentially hazardous disequilibrium in gas exchange. The internal respiratory state evolves from the respiratory state of the last breath, is updated by a sensory measurement of CO2 concentration, and is dependent on the current activity context. To evaluate our model and thus test the assumed mechanism, we used data from an ongoing rebreathing experiment investigating breathlessness in patients with post-COVID without peripheral organ dysfunction (N = 5) and healthy control participants without complaints after COVID-19 (N = 5). Although the observed breathlessness patterns varied extensively between individual participants in the rebreathing experiment, our model shows good performance in replicating these individual, heterogeneous time courses. The model assumes the same underlying processes in the central nervous system in all individuals, i.e., also between patients and healthy control participants, and we hypothesize that differences in breathlessness are explained by different weighting and thus influence of these processes on the final percept. Our model could thus be applied in future studies to provide insight into where in the processing cascade of respiratory signals a deficit is located that leads to (post-COVID) breathlessness. A potential clinical application could be, e.g., the monitoring of effects of pulmonary rehabilitation on respiratory processing in the brain to improve the therapeutic strategies. KW - Pharmacology (medical) KW - Biological Psychiatry KW - Psychiatry and Mental health KW - General Medicine Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-023-01739-y SN - 0940-1334 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Glasauer, Stefan T1 - Individual differences do matter T2 - Behavioral and Brain Sciences N2 - The integrative experiment design proposal currently only relates to group results, but downplays individual differences between participants, which may nevertheless be substantial enough to constitute a relevant dimension in the design space. Excluding the individual participant in the integrative design will not solve all problems mentioned in the target article, because averaging results may obscure the underlying mechanisms. KW - Behavioral Neuroscience KW - Physiology KW - Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X2300242X SN - 0140-525X VL - 47 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gao, Yunlong A1 - Zhang, Yisong A1 - Pan, Jinyan A1 - Luo, Sizhe A1 - Yang, Chengyu T1 - Discriminant analysis based on reliability of local neighborhood T2 - Expert Systems with Applications N2 - To obtain a compact and effective low-dimensional representation, recently, most existing discriminant manifold learning methods have integrated manifold learning into discriminant analysis (DA) for extracting the intrinsic structure of data. These methods learn two kinds of adjacency graphs, such as intrinsic graph and penalty graph, to characterize the similarity between samples from intraclass and the pseudo similarity of interclass. However, they treat every sample equally, which results in the following defects: (1) These methods cannot accurately characterize the marginal region among different classes only through penalty graphs. (2) They can not identify the noisy and outlier samples which reduce the robustness of these methods. To address these problems, we introduce an adaptive adjacency factor to perform the discriminative based reliability analysis for each sample. By integrating the adjacency factor into discriminant manifold learning methods, we propose a novel method for DA namely discriminant analysis based on reliability of local neighborhood (DA-RoLN). We mainly have three contributions in this paper: (1) By the introduction of adjacency factor, sample points can be divided into three parts: intraclass samples, marginal samples, and outliers. Therefore, DA-RoLN emphasizes the effect of valid samples and filters the influence of outliers. (2) We adaptively calculate the adjacency factor in low-dimensional space, thus, the margin between different classes in low-dimensional space is emphasized. (3) An iterative algorithm is developed to solve the objective function of DA-RoLN, and it is easy to solve with a low computational cost. Extensive experimental results show the effectiveness of DA-RoLN. KW - Dimensionality reduction KW - Discriminant analysis KW - Manifold learning KW - Graph learning KW - Adjacency factor Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2021.114790 SN - 1873-6793 SN - 0957-4174 VL - 175 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gao, Yunlong A1 - Luo, Si-Zhe A1 - Pan, Jin-Yan A1 - Chen, Bai-Hua A1 - Zhang, Yi-Song T1 - Robust PCA Using Adaptive Probability Weighting T2 - Acta Automatica Sinica N2 - Principal component analysis (PCA) is an important method for processing high-dimensional data. In recent years, PCA models based on various norms have been extensively studied to improve the robustness. However, on the one hand, these algorithms do not consider the relationship between reconstruction error and covariance; on the other hand, they lack the uncertainty of considering the principal component to the data description. Aiming at these problems, this paper proposes a new robust PCA algorithm. Firstly, the L2,p-norm is used to measure the reconstruction error and the description variance of the projection data. Based on the reconstruction error and the description variance, the adaptive probability error minimization model is established to calculate the uncertainty of the principal component's description of the data. Based on the uncertainty, the adaptive probability weighting PCA is established. The corresponding optimization method is designed. The experimental results of artificial data sets, UCI data sets and face databases show that RPCA-PW is superior than other PCA algorithms. KW - Principle component analysis (PCA) KW - weighted principal component analysis (WPCA) KW - dimensionality reduction KW - robustness Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.16383/j.aas.c180743 SN - 0254-4156 VL - 47 IS - 4 SP - 825 EP - 838 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jones, Christopher R. A1 - Lee, Roh Pin A1 - Kaklamanou, Daphne T1 - Understanding public perceptions of chemical recycling: a comparative study of public attitudes towards coal and waste gasification in Germany and the United Kingdom T2 - Sustainable Production and Consumption KW - Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering KW - Renewable Energy KW - Environmental Chemistry KW - Environmental Engineering KW - Sustainability and the Environment Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2022.04.011 SN - 2352-5509 VL - 32 SP - 125 EP - 135 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Voss, Raoul Lukas A1 - Lee, Roh Pin A1 - Fröhling, Magnus T1 - Chemical Recycling of Plastic Waste: Comparative Evaluation of Environmental and Economic Performances of Gasification- and Incineration-based Treatment for Lightweight Packaging Waste T2 - Circular Economy and Sustainability N2 - Chemical recycling (CR) – in enabling the use of plastic waste back as secondary carbon feedstock for production – could play a complementary role to mechanical recycling in supporting the transformation from a linear to a circular carbon economy. To date, research has predominantly focused on assessing technological aspects associated with CR of pure plastic waste streams. Little is known about its potential for treating low-quality and mixed plastic waste fractions which are unsuitable for conventional recycling and are currently incinerated. To address this gap, this investigation utilizes an integrated approach comprising of life cycle assessment and techno-economic analysis to evaluate the environmental and economic performance of CR of lightweight packaging waste via waste gasification compared to direct and indirect incineration in Germany. Results show that CR can contribute significantly – irrespective of the energy mix – to reducing climate change, terrestrial acidification, and fossil resource scarcity. In terms of economic performance, findings suggest that while CR requires higher capital investment, a multi-pronged approach which encompasses upscaling, waiver of carbon dioxide certificate costs, and price premium for CR products could increase profitability of CR to incineration. This study provides empirical support for the potential contribution of CR to complement existing strategies to combat the plastic waste challenge, and insights into market conditions which could promote its economic attractiveness. Additionally, it provides comprehensive inventory data for conventional and alternative waste treatment plants for lightweight packaging waste to inform future research on systemic assessment of CR technologies and their contributions to a circular economy. KW - General Medicine Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s43615-021-00145-7 SN - 2730-597X VL - 2 IS - 4 SP - 1369 EP - 1398 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Keller, Florian A1 - Mamani-Soliz, Patricio E. A1 - Seidl, Ludwig Georg A1 - Lee, Roh Pin A1 - Meyer, Bernd T1 - Life cycle inventory data generation by process simulation for conventional, feedstock recycling and power-to-X technologies for base chemical production T2 - Data in Brief N2 - The article presents the methodology and applicable data for the generation of life cycle inventory for conventional and alternative processes for base chemical production by process simulation. Addressed base chemicals include lower olefins, BTX aromatics, methanol, ammonia and hydrogen. Assessed processes include conventional chemical production processes from naphtha, LPG, natural gas and heavy fuel oil; feedstock recycling technologies via gasification and pyrolysis of refuse derived fuel; and power-to-X technologies from hydrogen and CO2. Further, process variations with additional hydrogen input are covered. Flowsheet simulation in Aspen Plus is applied to generate datasets with conclusive mass and energy balance under uniform modelling and assessment conditions with available validation data. Process inventory data is generated with no regard to the development stage of the respective technology, but applicable process data with high technology maturity is prioritized for model validation. The generated inventory data can be applied for life cycle assessments. Further, the presented modelling and balancing framework can be applied for inventory data generation of similar processes to ensure comparability in life cycle inventory data. KW - Multidisciplinary Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2022.107848 SN - 2352-3409 VL - 41 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Keller, Florian A1 - Voss, Raoul Lukas A1 - Lee, Roh Pin A1 - Meyer, Bernd T1 - Life cycle assessment of global warming potential of feedstock recycling technologies : case study of waste gasification and pyrolysis in an integrated inventory model for waste treatment and chemical production in Germany T2 - Resources, Conservation and Recycling N2 - Feedstock recycling in the form of gasification and pyrolysis are promising alternatives to thermal treatment for the utilization of non-recyclable waste fractions. To date, the systemic consequences of their application for waste treatment and chemical production as well as associated environmental effects remain insufficiently investigated. To address this gap, this study introduces an integrated life cycle inventory model based on Germany's production system which encompassed the treatment of major post-consumer waste fractions (municipal solid waste and source-separated packaging waste) and the production of major base chemicals (lower olefins, BTX aromatics, methanol, ammonia and hydrogen). The utilized approach facilitates a prospective comparative assessment of feedstock recycling, conventional and PTX-based production routes under uniform system frameworks, accounting for differences in production characteristics (e.g. product yields and utility demands) with minimized allocation assumptions. An evaluation of the global warming potential shows that under assumptions resembling the current production system (Framework Status Quo), feedstock recycling pathways lead to a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, with gasification exhibiting higher emission reduction than pyrolysis. Under the assumption that limited renewable energy is available for system emission reduction (Framework Energy Integration), a higher greenhouse gas reduction is observed for feedstock recycling compared to PTX-based chemical production pathways. KW - Economics and Econometrics KW - Waste Management and Disposal Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2021.106106 SN - 0921-3449 VL - 179 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Voss, Raoul Lukas A1 - Lee, Roh Pin A1 - Seidl, Ludwig A1 - Keller, Florian A1 - Fröhling, Magnus T1 - Global warming potential and economic performance of gasification-based chemical recycling and incineration pathways for residual municipal solid waste treatment in Germany T2 - Waste Management N2 - Chemical recycling could facilitate the transition from a linear to a circular carbon economy, where carbon-containing waste is channeled back into the production cycle as a chemical feedstock instead of being incinerated or landfilled. However, the predominant focus on technological aspects of chemical recycling for plastic waste narrows evaluations of its potential in contributing to such a transition. Moreover, it leads to significant controversy about its role in the waste hierarchy as a possible competitor to mechanical recycling. To address these gaps in the literature, this study assesses ecological and economic impacts associated with chemical recycling of residual municipal solid waste in Germany. Combining approaches of life cycle assessment and techno-economic analysis, chemical recycling and conventional incineration-based treatment pathways are comparatively evaluated in terms of global warming potential and economic performance (i.e. fixed capital investment, net present value, dynamic payback period, and levelized cost of carbon abatement). Results indicate that compared to incineration-based conventional pathways, chemical recycling can contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions in low-emission energy systems. However, the economic performance of chemical recycling is highly dependent on its scale of operation. Additionally, a price premium for recycling products as well as economic instruments for penalizing CO2 emissions are identified to play important roles in the economic performance of chemical recycling. KW - Waste Management and Disposal Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2021.07.040 SN - 0956-053X VL - 134 SP - 206 EP - 219 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lee, Roh Pin A1 - Seidl, Ludwig Georg A1 - Huang, Qiu-liang A1 - Meyer, Bernd T1 - An analysis of waste gasification and its contribution to China's transition towards carbon neutrality and zero waste cities T2 - Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology N2 - Waste gasification has the potential to contribute to China's transition towards carbon neutrality and zero waste cities via the recirculation of waste as secondary carbon feedstock for the production of chemicals with lower/and or zero carbon footprint, green hydrogen with zero carbon footprint and CO2-neutral synthetic liquid fuels. With China's significant coal gasification capacity and associated experiences and expertise, Coal-to-X could act as a bridge to Waste-to-X for carbon intensive sectors such as the waste management, chemical production and mobility sectors. To illustrate the opportunities in these areas, this article presented highlights from dynamic global developments in waste gasification, focusing on pioneering industrial developments in Germany between 1980–2000's as well as current international developments. Lessons learnt from previous and current waste gasification project deployment are shared and enabled the identification of problems which will have to be addressed in the transition from coal gasification towards mono-waste gasification technologies. Additionally, a qualitative evaluation of gasification technologies pointed to the strengths and weaknesses of fixed-bed, fluidized-bed and entrained-flow gasification principles in their application for waste gasification. KW - coal gasification KW - waste gasification KW - carbon neutrality KW - zero waste cities KW - China Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1872-5813(21)60093-2 SN - 1872-5813 VL - 49 IS - 8 SP - 1057 EP - 1076 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lee, Roh Pin A1 - Seidl, Ludwig Georg A1 - Meyer, Bernd T1 - Chemical storage of hydrogen in synthetic liquid fuels : building block for CO2-neutral mobility T2 - Clean Energy N2 - Green hydrogen is anticipated to play a major role in the decarbonization of the mobility sector. Its chemical storage in CO2-neutral synthetic liquid fuels is advantageous in terms of safety and reliability compared to other hydrogen storage developments, and thus represents a complementary building block to developments in electric and hydrogen mobility for the low-carbon transition in the mobility sector. Its development is especially relevant for transport sectors which will have no alternatives to liquid fuels in the foreseeable future. In this paper, three alternative technological routes for the chemical storage of hydrogen in CO2-neutral synthetic liquid fuels are identified and comparatively evaluated in terms of feedstock potential, product potential, demand for renewable electricity and associated costs, efficiency as well as expected market relevance. While all three routes exhibited similar levels of overall efficiencies, electricity-based liquid fuels in Germany are currently limited by the high cost and limited supply of renewable electricity. In contrast, liquid fuels generated from biogenic waste have a constant supply of biogenic feedstock and are largely independent from the supply and cost of renewable electricity. KW - Management KW - Energy Engineering and Power Technology KW - Renewable Energy KW - Environmental Engineering KW - Sustainability and the Environment KW - Policy and Law KW - Monitoring Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/ce/zkab002 SN - 2515-4230 VL - 5 IS - 2 SP - 180 EP - 186 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lee, Roh Pin A1 - Tschoepe, Manja A1 - Voss, Raoul Lukas T1 - Perception of chemical recycling and its role in the transition towards a circular carbon economy : a case study in Germany T2 - Waste Management N2 - Chemical recycling (CR) is an emerging theme in waste management which has the potential to contribute to a low carbon, resource efficient and sustainable economy. In enabling the use of carbonaceous waste as secondary carbon feedstock to replace fossil resources for the production of organic chemicals, it could support efforts to transit carbon intensive industries from the linear to a circular carbon economy. This study investigated stakeholders’ perception of CR as a multifaceted construct. Objective is to complement technological-economical-ecological evaluations of CR innovations, and inform socio-political discussions about its role in the transformation of carbon intensive and dependent industries. An exploratory case study approach consisting of a qualitative survey and a semi-structured workshop discussion is utilized to assess the perception of CR and its perceived role in the transformation of Germany’s chemical and waste management industries. Findings enabled insights into how CR is understood, what are seen as desirable inputs and outputs, perceived advantages compared to conventional recycling and thermal treatment as well as obstacles to its implementation. Additionally, the outcomes revealed policy and regulatory needs which will have to be addressed in order to successfully implement CR as a complementary building block of sustainable waste management. Study findings thus provide valuable information and insights to support managerial decision-making as well as the development and prioritization of measures by policymakers to regulate the implementation of CR technologies. KW - Waste Management and Disposal KW - Chemical recycling KW - Circular carbon economy KW - Perception KW - Transition KW - Plastics Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2021.02.041 SN - 0956-053X VL - 125 SP - 280 EP - 292 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seidl, Ludwig Georg A1 - Poganietz, Witold‐Roger A1 - Keller, Florian A1 - Lee, Roh Pin A1 - Grunwald, Armin A1 - Meyer, Bernd T1 - Konzepte und Nachhaltigkeitsbewertung der Kohlenstoffkreislaufwirtschaft am Beispiel des chemischen Recyclings zur Olefinproduktion T2 - Chemie Ingenieur Technik N2 - Am Beispiel erdölbasierter Olefinproduktion wird die Transformation der linearen Kohlenstoffwirtschaft zur Kohlenstoffkreislaufwirtschaft mit chemischem Recycling von Kunststoffabfällen und Kreislaufführung heimischer Kohlenstoffquellen untersucht. Die Szenarienbetrachtung mit Nachhaltigkeitsbewertung zeigt das Potential des chemischen Recyclings zur Deckung der Olefinproduktion in Deutschland. Im Zeithorizont bis 2050 könnte die gesamte Olefinproduktion unter Einkopplung von grünem e‐Wasserstoff mit bisher verbrannten, nichtfossilen Abfällen realisiert werden. KW - Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering KW - General Chemical Engineering KW - General Chemistry Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cite.202000102 SN - 0009-286X VL - 93 IS - 3 SP - 421 EP - 437 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lee, Roh Pin A1 - Meyer, Bernd A1 - Huang, Qiuliang A1 - Voss, Raoul Lukas T1 - Sustainable waste management for zero waste cities in China : potential, challenges and opportunities T2 - Clean Energy N2 - Waste is a valuable secondary carbon resource. In the linear economy, it is predominantly landfilled or incinerated. These disposal routes not only lead to diverse climate, environmental and societal problems; they also represent a loss of carbon resources. In a circular carbon economy, waste is used as a secondary carbon feedstock to replace fossil resources for production. This contributes to environmental protection and resource conservation. It furthermore increases a nation’s independence from imported fossil energy sources. China is at the start of its transition from a linear to circular carbon economy. It can thus draw on waste management experiences of other economies and assess the opportunities for transference to support its development of ‘zero waste cities’. This paper has three main focuses. First is an assessment of drivers for China’s zero waste cities initiative and the approaches that have been implemented to combat its growing waste crisis. Second is a sharing of Germany’s experience—a forerunner in the implementation of the waste hierarchy (reduce–reuse–recycle–recover–landfill) with extensive experience in circular carbon technologies—in sustainable waste management. Last is an identification of transference opportunities for China’s zero waste cities. Specific transference opportunities identified range from measures to promote waste prevention, waste separation and waste reduction, generating additional value via mechanical recycling, implementing chemical recycling as a recycling option before energy recovery to extending energy recovery opportunities. KW - Management KW - Energy Engineering and Power Technology KW - Renewable Energy KW - Environmental Engineering KW - Monitoring KW - Sustainability and the Environment KW - Policy and Law Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/ce/zkaa013 SN - 2515-4230 VL - 4 IS - 3 SP - 169 EP - 201 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pfurtscheller, Gert A1 - Allison, Brendan Z. A1 - Brunner, Clemens A1 - Bauernfeind, Gunther A1 - Solis-Escalante, Teodoro A1 - Scherer, Reinhold A1 - Zander, Thorsten O. A1 - Mueller-Putz, Gernot A1 - Neuper, Christa A1 - Birbaumer, Niels P. T1 - The hybrid BCI T2 - Frontiers in Neuroscience KW - General Neuroscience Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fnpro.2010.00003 SN - 1662-453X VL - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zander, Thorsten O. A1 - Gaertner, Matti A1 - Kothe, Christian A1 - Vilimek, Roman T1 - Combining Eye Gaze Input With a Brain–Computer Interface for Touchless Human–Computer Interaction T2 - International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction KW - Computer Science Applications KW - Human-Computer Interaction KW - Human Factors and Ergonomics Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2011.535752 SN - 1044-7318 VL - 27 IS - 1 SP - 38 EP - 51 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zander, Thorsten O. A1 - Lehne, Moritz A1 - Ihme, Klas A1 - Jatzev, Sabine A1 - Correia, Joao A1 - Kothe, Christian A1 - Picht, Bernd A1 - Nijboer, Femke T1 - A Dry EEG-System for Scientific Research and Brain–Computer Interfaces T2 - Frontiers in Neuroscience KW - General Neuroscience Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2011.00053 SN - 1662-4548 VL - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krol, Laurens R. A1 - Pawlitzki, Juliane A1 - Lotte, Fabien A1 - Gramann, Klaus A1 - Zander, Thorsten O. T1 - SEREEGA: Simulating event-related EEG activity T2 - Journal of Neuroscience Methods KW - General Neuroscience Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneumeth.2018.08.001 SN - 0165-0270 VL - 309 SP - 13 EP - 24 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krol, Laurens R. A1 - Haselager, Pim A1 - Zander, Thorsten O. T1 - Cognitive and affective probing: a tutorial and review of active learning for neuroadaptive technology T2 - Journal of Neural Engineering KW - Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience KW - Biomedical Engineering Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-2552/ab5bb5 SN - 1741-2552 VL - 17 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krol, Laurens R. A1 - Haselager, Pim A1 - Zander, Thorsten O. T1 - Erratum: Cognitive and affective probing: a tutorial and review of active learning for neuroadaptive technology (2020 Journal of Neural Engineering 17.012001) T2 - Journal of Neural Engineering KW - Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience KW - Biomedical Engineering Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-2552/ab8a6f SN - 1741-2552 VL - 17 IS - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Andreessen, Lena M. A1 - Gerjets, Peter A1 - Meurers, Detmar A1 - Zander, Thorsten O. T1 - Toward neuroadaptive support technologies for improving digital reading: a passive BCI-based assessment of mental workload imposed by text difficulty and presentation speed during reading T2 - User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction N2 - We investigated whether a passive brain–computer interface that was trained to distinguish low and high mental workload in the electroencephalogram (EEG) can be used to identify (1) texts of different readability difficulties and (2) texts read at different presentation speeds. For twelve subjects we calibrated a subject-dependent, but task-independent predictive model classifying mental workload. We then recorded EEG data from each subject, while twelve texts in blocks of three were presented to them word by word. Half of the texts were easy, and the other half were difficult texts according to classic reading formulas. From each text category three texts were read at a self-adjusted comfortable presentation speed and the other three at an increased speed. For each subject we applied the predictive model to EEG data of each word of the twelve texts. We found that the resulting predictive values for mental workload were higher for difficult texts than for easy texts. Predictive values from texts presented at an increased speed were also higher than for those presented at a normal self-adjusted speed. The results suggest that the task-independent predictive model can be used on single-subject level to build a highly predictive user model of the reader over time. Such a model could be employed in a system which continuously monitors brain activity related to mental workload and adapts to specific reader’s abilities and characteristics by adjusting the difficulty of text materials and the way it is presented to the reader in real time. A neuroadaptive system like this could foster efficient reading and text-based learning by keeping readers’ mental workload levels at an individually optimal level. KW - Computer Science Applications KW - Human-Computer Interaction KW - Education Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11257-020-09273-5 SN - 0924-1868 VL - 31 IS - 1 SP - 75 EP - 104 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gallegos Ayala, Guillermo I. A1 - Haslacher, David A1 - Krol, Laurens R. A1 - Soekadar, Surjo R. A1 - Zander, Thorsten O. T1 - Assessment of mental workload across cognitive tasks using a passive brain-computer interface based on mean negative theta-band amplitudes T2 - Frontiers in Neuroergonomics N2 - Brain-computer interfaces (BCI) can provide real-time and continuous assessments of mental workload in different scenarios, which can subsequently be used to optimize human-computer interaction. However, assessment of mental workload is complicated by the task-dependent nature of the underlying neural signals. Thus, classifiers trained on data from one task do not generalize well to other tasks. Previous attempts at classifying mental workload across different cognitive tasks have therefore only been partially successful. Here we introduce a novel algorithm to extract frontal theta oscillations from electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings of brain activity and show that it can be used to detect mental workload across different cognitive tasks. We use a published data set that investigated subject dependent task transfer, based on Filter Bank Common Spatial Patterns. After testing, our approach enables a binary classification of mental workload with performances of 92.00 and 92.35%, respectively for either low or high workload vs. an initial no workload condition, with significantly better results than those of the previous approach. It, nevertheless, does not perform beyond chance level when comparing high vs. low workload conditions. Also, when an independent component analysis was done first with the data (and before any additional preprocessing procedure), even though we achieved more stable classification results above chance level across all tasks, it did not perform better than the previous approach. These mixed results illustrate that while the proposed algorithm cannot replace previous general-purpose classification methods, it may outperform state-of-the-art algorithms in specific (workload) comparisons. KW - Computer Networks and Communications KW - Hardware and Architecture KW - Software Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fnrgo.2023.1233722 SN - 2673-6195 VL - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kaffes, Maximilian A1 - Rabe, Lea A1 - Rudolph, Armin A1 - Rentzsch, Johannes A1 - Neuhaus, Andres H. A1 - Hofmann-Shen, Christina T1 - Impact of emotional valence on mismatch negativity in the course of cortical face processing T2 - Current Research in Neurobiology N2 - Various aspects of cortical face processing have been studied by assessing event related potentials (ERP). It has been described in the literature that mismatch negativity (MMN), a well-studied ERP, is not only modulated by sensory features but also emotional valence. However, the exact impact of emotion on the temporo-spatial profile of visual MMN during face processing remains inconsistent. By employing a sequential oddball paradigm using both neutral and emotional deviants, we were able to differentiate two distinct vMMN subcomponents. While an early subcomponent at 150–250 ms is elicited by emotional salient facial stimuli, the later subcomponent at 250–400 ms seems to reflect the detection of regularity violations in facial recognition per se, unaffected by emotional salience. Our results suggest that emotional valence is encoded in vMMN signal strength at an early stage of facial processing. Furthermore, we assume that of facial processing consists of temporo-spatially distinct,partially overlapping levels concerning different facial aspects. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crneur.2023.100078 SN - 2665-945X VL - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gambitta, Marco A1 - Beirow, Bernd A1 - Schrape, Sven T1 - Modelling Method for Aeroelastic Low Engine Order Excitation Originating from Upstream Vanes’ Geometrical Variability T2 - International Journal of Turbomachinery Propulsion and Power N2 - The manufacturing geometrical variability in axial compressors is a stochastic source of uncertainty, implying that the real geometry differs from the nominal design. This causes the real geometry to lose the ideal axial symmetry. Considering the aerofoils of a stator vane, the geometrical variability affects the flow traversing it. This impacts the downstream rotor, especially when considering the aeroelastic excitation forces. Optical surface scans coupled with a parametrisation method allow for acquiring the information relative to the real aerofoils geometries. The measured data are included in a multi-passage and multi-stage CFD setup to represent the mistuned flow. In particular, low excitation harmonics on the rotor vane are introduced due to the geometrical deviations of the upstream stator. The introduced low engine orders, as well as their amplitude, depend on the stator geometries and their order. A method is proposed to represent the phenomena in a reduced CFD domain, limiting the size and number of solutions required to probabilistically describe the rotor excitation forces. The resulting rotor excitation forces are reconstructed as a superposition of disturbances due to individual stator aerofoils geometries. This indicates that the problem is linear in the combination of disturbances from single passages. KW - Aeroelasticity KW - Low Engine Order KW - Geometrical Variability Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ijtpp9020012 SN - 2504-186X N1 - BTU-interne Projekt-Nr. 35059006 VL - 9 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klug, Marius A1 - Gramann, Klaus T1 - Identifying key factors for improving ICA‐based decomposition of EEG data in mobile and stationary experiments T2 - European Journal of Neuroscience N2 - AbstractRecent developments in EEG hardware and analyses approaches allow for recordings in both stationary and mobile settings. Irrespective of the experimental setting, EEG recordings are contaminated with noise that has to be removed before the data can be functionally interpreted. Independent component analysis (ICA) is a commonly used tool to remove artifacts such as eye movement, muscle activity, and external noise from the data and to analyze activity on the level of EEG effective brain sources. The effectiveness of filtering the data is one key preprocessing step to improve the decomposition that has been investigated previously. However, no study thus far compared the different requirements of mobile and stationary experiments regarding the preprocessing for ICA decomposition. We thus evaluated how movement in EEG experiments, the number of channels, and the high‐pass filter cutoff during preprocessing influence the ICA decomposition. We found that for commonly used settings (stationary experiment, 64 channels, 0.5 Hz filter), the ICA results are acceptable. However, high‐pass filters of up to 2 Hz cut‐off frequency should be used in mobile experiments, and more channels require a higher filter to reach an optimal decomposition. Fewer brain ICs were found in mobile experiments, but cleaning the data with ICA has been proved to be important and functional even with low‐density channel setups. Based on the results, we provide guidelines for different experimental settings that improve the ICA decomposition. KW - General Neuroscience Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.14992 SN - 0953-816X VL - 54 IS - 12 SP - 8406 EP - 8420 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gramann, Klaus A1 - Hohlefeld, Friederike U. A1 - Gehrke, Lukas A1 - Klug, Marius T1 - Human cortical dynamics during full-body heading changes T2 - Scientific Reports N2 - The retrosplenial complex (RSC) plays a crucial role in spatial orientation by computing heading direction and translating between distinct spatial reference frames based on multi-sensory information. While invasive studies allow investigating heading computation in moving animals, established non-invasive analyses of human brain dynamics are restricted to stationary setups. To investigate the role of the RSC in heading computation of actively moving humans, we used a Mobile Brain/Body Imaging approach synchronizing electroencephalography with motion capture and virtual reality. Data from physically rotating participants were contrasted with rotations based only on visual flow. During physical rotation, varying rotation velocities were accompanied by pronounced wide frequency band synchronization in RSC, the parietal and occipital cortices. In contrast, the visual flow rotation condition was associated with pronounced alpha band desynchronization, replicating previous findings in desktop navigation studies, and notably absent during physical rotation. These results suggest an involvement of the human RSC in heading computation based on visual, vestibular, and proprioceptive input and implicate revisiting traditional findings of alpha desynchronization in areas of the navigation network during spatial orientation in movement-restricted participants. KW - Multidisciplinary Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-97749-8 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 11 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Delaux, Alexandre A1 - de Saint Aubert, Jean‐Baptiste A1 - Ramanoël, Stephen A1 - Bécu, Marcia A1 - Gehrke, Lukas A1 - Klug, Marius A1 - Chavarriaga, Ricardo A1 - Sahel, José‐Alain A1 - Gramann, Klaus A1 - Arleo, Angelo T1 - Mobile brain/body imaging of landmark‐based navigation with high‐density EEG T2 - European Journal of Neuroscience N2 - Coupling behavioral measures and brain imaging in naturalistic, ecological conditions is key to comprehend the neural bases of spatial navigation. This highly integrative function encompasses sensorimotor, cognitive, and executive processes that jointly mediate active exploration and spatial learning. However, most neuroimaging approaches in humans are based on static, motion‐constrained paradigms and they do not account for all these processes, in particular multisensory integration. Following the Mobile Brain/Body Imaging approach, we aimed to explore the cortical correlates of landmark‐based navigation in actively behaving young adults, solving a Y‐maze task in immersive virtual reality. EEG analysis identified a set of brain areas matching state‐of‐the‐art brain imaging literature of landmark‐based navigation. Spatial behavior in mobile conditions additionally involved sensorimotor areas related to motor execution and proprioception usually overlooked in static fMRI paradigms. Expectedly, we located a cortical source in or near the posterior cingulate, in line with the engagement of the retrosplenial complex in spatial reorientation. Consistent with its role in visuo‐spatial processing and coding, we observed an alpha‐power desynchronization while participants gathered visual information. We also hypothesized behavior‐dependent modulations of the cortical signal during navigation. Despite finding few differences between the encoding and retrieval phases of the task, we identified transient time–frequency patterns attributed, for instance, to attentional demand, as reflected in the alpha/gamma range, or memory workload in the delta/theta range. We confirmed that combining mobile high‐density EEG and biometric measures can help unravel the brain structures and the neural modulations subtending ecological landmark‐based navigation. KW - General Neuroscience Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/ejn.15190 SN - 0953-816X VL - 54 IS - 12 SP - 8256 EP - 8282 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zeißig, Anke A1 - Kansok-Dusche, Julia A1 - Fischer, Saskia M. A1 - Möller, Julia A1 - Bilz, Ludwig T1 - The association between boredom and creativity in educational contexts: A scoping review on research approaches and empirical findings T2 - Review of Education N2 - Assumptions around the association between boredom and creativity are contentious. Although studies suggest positive effects of boredom, it is also considered a negative predictor of creativity. Researchers also assume that creativity reduces boredom, but boredom can also occur during creative tasks. In this review, we identify and systematise the empirical evidence available to date on the association between creativity and boredom in educational contexts. The string‐guided electronic search yielded 2849 publications. Nineteen publications based on 27 empirical studies met the inclusion criteria. Two reviewers extracted definitions, theories, methods, operationalisations, measurement instruments, and outcomes from the studies using a coding scheme. We identified a range of different theoretical and methodological approaches. The largest cache of empirical evidence was obtained from experimental and quasi‐experimental studies (five positive associations, four negative, two contradictory, and three insignificant results). Correlation studies identified three negative, one contradictory, and seven insignificant correlations between boredom and creativity. In addition, two studies with exploratory, statistically not relevant results contributed to the body of research. The results from the identified and evaluated studies argue both for and against the sensitivity of creative processes in relation to boredom—but a clear causal, positive or negative effect of boredom on creativity is not currently supported by the empirical evidence available. Previous research has also not yet demonstrated an apparent effect of creative states or traits on academic boredom. Future research should aim to explore under what circumstances different relationships between boredom and creativity can be observed and reliably replicated. KW - Education Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/rev3.3470 SN - 2049-6613 VL - 12 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nikiruy, Kristina A1 - Pérez, Eduardo A1 - Baroni, Andrea A1 - Dorai Swamy Reddy, Keerthi A1 - Pechmann, Stefan A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Ziegler, Martin T1 - Blooming and pruning: learning from mistakes with memristive synapses T2 - Scientific Reports N2 - AbstractBlooming and pruning is one of the most important developmental mechanisms of the biological brain in the first years of life, enabling it to adapt its network structure to the demands of the environment. The mechanism is thought to be fundamental for the development of cognitive skills. Inspired by this, Chialvo and Bak proposed in 1999 a learning scheme that learns from mistakes by eliminating from the initial surplus of synaptic connections those that lead to an undesirable outcome. Here, this idea is implemented in a neuromorphic circuit scheme using CMOS integrated HfO2-based memristive devices. The implemented two-layer neural network learns in a self-organized manner without positive reinforcement and exploits the inherent variability of the memristive devices. This approach provides hardware, local, and energy-efficient learning. A combined experimental and simulation-based parameter study is presented to find the relevant system and device parameters leading to a compact and robust memristive neuromorphic circuit that can handle association tasks. KW - RRAM KW - Neural network Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-57660-4 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 14 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Labs, Annika A1 - Reich, Theresa A1 - Schulenburg, Helene A1 - Boennen, Manuel A1 - Gehrke, Mareike A1 - Golz, Madleen A1 - Hartigs, Benita A1 - Hoffmann, Nico A1 - Keil, Sebastian A1 - Perlow, Malú A1 - Peukmann, Anne Katrin A1 - Rabe, Lea A1 - Sobbe, Franca-Rosa von A1 - Hanke, Michael T1 - Portrayed emotions in the movie "Forrest Gump" T2 - F1000Research N2 - Here we present a dataset with a description of portrayed emotions in the movie ”Forrest Gump”. A total of 12 observers independently annotated emotional episodes regarding their temporal location and duration. The nature of an emotion was characterized with basic attributes, such as arousal and valence, as well as explicit emotion category labels. In addition, annotations include a record of the perceptual evidence for the presence of an emotion. Two variants of the movie were annotated separately: 1) an audio-movie version of Forrest Gump that has been used as a stimulus for the acquisition of a large public functional brain imaging dataset, and 2) the original audio-visual movie. We present reliability and consistency estimates that suggest that both stimuli can be used to study visual and auditory emotion cue processing in real-life like situations. Raw annotations from all observers are publicly released in full in order to maximize their utility for a wide range of applications and possible future extensions. In addition, aggregate time series of inter-observer agreement with respect to particular attributes of portrayed emotions are provided to facilitate adoption of these data. KW - General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics KW - General Immunology and Microbiology KW - General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology KW - General Medicine Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.6230.1 SN - 2046-1402 VL - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Erekath, Swathi A1 - Seidlitz, Holger A1 - Schreiner, Monika A1 - Dreyer, Christian T1 - Food for future: Exploring cutting-edge technology and practices in vertical farm T2 - Sustainable Cities and Society N2 - With the growing urbanized population, vertical farming becomes indispensable in eradicating hunger and ensuring food security for the future. Food security has become a major challenge for the future owing to the scarcity of land, rising global population, urbanization, and polluted soil and water resources. In this scenario, vertical farming as an innovative food production technology caters increased productivity with limited resources and improved carbon footprint. The review begins with a brief introduction to the concept of vertical farming, its opportunities and implications on the economy, environment, and society as a whole, following with an in-depth qualitative analysis of the cutting-edge innovations/technologies are presented in detail. Contrary to the numerous research focusing on mere analysis of economic viability and statistical analysis, the aim is to introduce real cutting-edge technologies that address the challenges of vertical farms such as lack of technical skills or energy requirements. The recent advances of vertical farms includes construction of outer vertical structure and growing shelves using light weight and transparent polymer composites, engineered and tunable LEDs lightings, 3-D printed and recyclable growing substrates, AI-integrated IoTs for environment control, harvesting materials for renewable energy storage etc. Such material innovations with inclusion of AI and robotics transform automated vertical farming into ‘state of the art’ agricultural technology. Production shelf fabricated using UV cured GBOV-glass fiber composite with 60% transparency can overcome the material weight limitation, corrosion, light obstructions etc. associated with the conventional steel shelves. Replacing non-renewable fossil fuels using renewable energy harvested by carbon dots, fluorescent materials, and perovskite solar cells is recommended to minimize the high capital investments associated with energy as well as to reduce the environmental impact. Smart materials such as phase change materials and thermoresponsive windows control the amount of energy expended whereas smart substrate promotes resource management. Application of the newest technology AI in vertical farming facilitates precise control of environment, early pest detection, automation of farming processes, data-driven decision making and precision agriculture. In short, vertical farms utilizing modern innovations of science and technology caters enhanced productivity, improved quality, reduced cost, resource management and sustainability. Hence, automated and sustainable vertical farms promoting global food security and circularity have the potential to transform into burgeoning technology of future. KW - Transportation KW - Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment KW - Civil and Structural Engineering KW - Geography, Planning and Development Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2024.105357 SN - 2210-6707 VL - 106 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Recupido, Federica A1 - Lama, Giuseppe Cesare A1 - Steffen, Sebastian A1 - Dreyer, Christian A1 - Seidlitz, Holger A1 - Russo, Vincenzo A1 - Lavorgna, Marino A1 - De Luca Bossa, Ferdinando A1 - Silvano, Selena A1 - Boggioni, Laura A1 - Verdolotti, Letizia T1 - Efficient recycling pathway of bio-based composite polyurethane foams via sustainable diamine T2 - Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety N2 - Aminolysis is widely recognized as a valuable chemical route for depolymerizing polymeric materials containing ester, amide, or urethane functional groups, including polyurethane foams. Bio-based polyurethane foams, pristine and reinforced with 40 wt% of sustainable fillers, were depolymerized in the presence of bio-derived butane-1,4-diamine, BDA. A process comparison was made using fossil-derived ethane-1,2-diamine, EDA, by varying amine/polyurethane ratio (F/A, 1:1 and 1:0.6). The obtained depolymerized systems were analyzed by FTIR and NMR characterizations to understand the effect of both diamines on the degradation pathway. The use of bio-based BDA seemed to be more effective with respect to conventional EDA, owing to its stronger basicity (and thus higher nucleophilicity), corresponding to faster depolymerization rates. BDA-based depolymerized systems were then employed to prepare second-generation bio-based composite polyurethane foams by partial replacement of isocyanate components (20 wt%). The morphological, mechanical, and thermal conductivity properties of the second-generation polyurethane foams were evaluated. The best performances (σ10 %=71 ± 9 kPa, λ = 0.042 ± 0.015 W∙ m-1 ∙K-1) were attained by employing the lowest F/A ratio (1:0.6); this demonstrates their potential application in different sectors such as packaging or construction, fulfilling the paradigm of the circular economy. KW - Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis KW - Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health KW - Pollution KW - General Medicine Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115758 SN - 0147-6513 VL - 269 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Błędzki, Andrzej A1 - Seidlitz, Holger A1 - Urbaniak, Magdalena A1 - Köhler, Mathias A1 - Adamcio, Andrzej A1 - Sobczyk, Marcin A1 - Demski, Szymon A1 - Boczkowska, Anna T1 - Reusing and recycling of composite wind turbine blades. A review of current practices and prospects. Part 1. Academic research T2 - Przemysł chemiczny N2 - A review, with 34 refs., of new materials for manufacturing the turbine blades, processes for monitoring maintenance and structural health of the blades as well as chem., thermal and mech. blade recycling technologies. KW - General Chemical Engineering KW - General Chemistry KW - polymer composites KW - wind turbine blades KW - global recycling projects KW - practical recovery and reuse KW - recycled carbon fibers Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.15199/62.2024.2.2 SN - 0033-2496 VL - 103 IS - 2 SP - 225 EP - 233 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Błędzki, Andrzej A1 - Seidlitz, Holger A1 - Urbaniak, Magdalena A1 - Köhler, Mathias A1 - Adamcio, Andrzej A1 - Sobczyk, Marcin A1 - Demski, Szymon A1 - Boczkowska, Anna T1 - Reusing and recycling of composite wind turbine blades. A review of current practices and prospects. Part 2. Industrial activities T2 - Przemysł chemiczny N2 - A review, with 33 refs., of projects currently implemented and planned by large consortia in the area of recovering variety of composite materials for their reuse KW - General Chemical Engineering KW - General Chemistry KW - polymer composites KW - wind turbine blades KW - global recycling projects KW - practical recovery and reuse KW - recycled carbon fibers Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.15199/62.2024.2.3 SN - 0033-2496 VL - 103 IS - 2 SP - 234 EP - 240 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Błędzki, Andrzej A1 - Seidlitz, Holger A1 - Urbaniak, Magdalena A1 - Köhler, Mathias A1 - Adamcio, Andrzej A1 - Sobczyk, Marcin A1 - Demski, Szymon A1 - Boczkowska, Anna T1 - Reusing and recycling of composite wind turbine blades. A review of current practices and prospects. Part 3. Various proposals offered by small and middle companies T2 - Przemysł chemiczny N2 - A review, with 32 refs., of various new proposals for recycling and reusing of wind turbine blades by small companies (including the Polish Anmet company). New projects on shredding blades as well as on architecture objects, road construction, geotechn. blocks, floating platforms and observation towers were presented. Prodn. of composite chipboard panels and recovery of carbon fibers by waste pyrolysis were also included. KW - General Chemical Engineering KW - General Chemistry KW - polymer composites KW - wind turbine blades KW - global recycling projects KW - practical recovery and reuse KW - recycled carbon fibers Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.15199/62.2024.2.4 SN - 0033-2496 VL - 103 IS - 2 SP - 241 EP - 250 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Epp, André T1 - Relationen zwischen professionellem Handeln und biografischen Übergangserfahrungen von Lehrkräften – Der Umgang mit Ungewissheit als eine miteinander verflochtene Verbindung T2 - Historia scholastica N2 - Relations between Professional Action and Biographical Transition Experiences of Teachers’ – Dealing with Uncertainty as an Intertwined Connection. In the article it is shown that, uncertainty is not only constitutive for professional action of teachers, but also for transitions, since the latter have lost their function of providing stability and direction in the historical course of time. In this context, the focus is also on how and with which strategies teachers react to potential uncertainty in biographical transitions and in occupational-professional action and to what extent these are related to each other. In the course of the analysis with a category-based and a sequential procedure, which were related to each other, two types could be identified. With their occupational-related activities to support students in transitional processes to vocational training, both of these types tie in with action strategies that have “proven themselves” in the context of their own biographical transitions. However, only biographical work triggers corresponding resonances that promote professional teacher action. KW - Education KW - Social Sciences (miscellaneous) KW - History Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.15240/tul/006/2023-1-003 SN - 2336-680X VL - 9 IS - 1 SP - 55 EP - 81 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zander, Thorsten O. A1 - Krol, Laurens R. A1 - Birbaumer, Niels P. A1 - Gramann, Klaus T1 - Neuroadaptive technology enables implicit cursor control based on medial prefrontal cortex activity T2 - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences N2 - The human brain continuously and automatically processes information concerning its internal and external context. We demonstrate the elicitation and subsequent detection and decoding of such “automatic interpretations” by means of context-sensitive probes in an ongoing human–computer interaction. Through a sequence of such probe–interpretation cycles, the computer accumulates responses over time to model the operator’s cognition, even without that person being aware of it. This brings human cognition directly into the human–computer interaction loop, expanding traditional notions of “interaction.” The concept introduces neuroadaptive technology—technology which automatically adapts to an estimate of its operator’s mindset. This technology bears relevance to autoadaptive experimental designs, and opens up paradigm-shifting possibilities for human–machine systems in general. KW - Multidisciplinary Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1605155114 SN - 0027-8424 VL - 113 IS - 52 SP - 14898 EP - 14903 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zander, Thorsten O. A1 - Kothe, Christian T1 - Towards passive brain–computer interfaces: applying brain–computer interface technology to human–machine systems in general T2 - Journal of Neural Engineering KW - Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience KW - Biomedical Engineering Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1741-2560/8/2/025005 SN - 1741-2560 VL - 8 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berti, Alessandro A1 - Koren, Istvan A1 - Adams, Jan Niklas A1 - Park, Gyunam A1 - Knopp, Benedikt A1 - Graves, Nina A1 - Rafiei, Majid A1 - Liß, Lukas A1 - Tacke Genannt Unterberg, Leah A1 - Zhang, Yisong A1 - Schwanen, Christopher A1 - Pegoraro, Marco A1 - Aalst, Wil van der T1 - OCEL (Object-Centric Event Log) 2.0 Specification T2 - arXiv N2 - Object-Centric Event Logs (OCELs) form the basis for Object-Centric Process Mining (OCPM). OCEL 1.0 was first released in 2020 and triggered the development of a range of OCPM techniques. OCEL 2.0 forms the new, more expressive standard, allowing for more extensive process analyses while remaining in an easily exchangeable format. In contrast to the first OCEL standard, it can depict changes in objects, provide information on object relationships, and qualify these relationships to other objects or specific events. Compared to XES, it is more expressive, less complicated, and better readable. OCEL 2.0 offers three exchange formats: a relational database (SQLite), XML, and JSON format. This OCEL 2.0 specification document provides an introduction to the standard, its metamodel, and its exchange formats, aimed at practitioners and researchers alike. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.01975 SP - 1 EP - 49 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Trzeciak, Miriam Friz A1 - Peters, Manuel T1 - Urbane imperiale Differenz: Verflechtungen postkolonialer und post(real)sozialistischer Konfigurationen am Beispiel von Cottbus T2 - Peripherie N2 - Der vorliegende Artikel unternimmt eine dekolonisierende Spurensuche im post(real)sozialistischen Raum Cottbus. Inspiriert durch post- und dekoloniale Städteinitiativen lokalisieren wir verschiedene Erinnerungsorte in der Stadt. Wir zeigen, wie der post(real)sozialistische urbane Raum, der aus der DDR hervorgegangen ist, auf ambivalente Weise in eine koloniale Matrix eingebunden ist. Wir rekonstruieren, wie diese spezifische Kolonialität/Modernität zur sozialen Hierarchisierung von sozialen, ökonomischen und epistemischen Beziehungen führte. Die ambivalente Positionierung der DDR, die einerseits koloniale Machtverhältnisse fortsetzte, diesen gleichzeitig entgegentrat sowie selbst von Prozessen der Abwertung betroffen war, konzeptualisieren wir als urbane imperiale Differenz. Wir argumentieren, dass die Aufarbeitung der Prozesse von Rassialisierung im (real)sozialistischen urbanen Raum wichtig ist, um gegenwärtige rechtsextreme, zuwanderungsfeindliche und rassistische Bewegungen besser verstehen zu können. KW - Postkolonialismus, Postsozialismus, Kolonialität des post(real)sozialistischen urbanen Raumes, Cottbus, Rassismus, Ossifizierung, Migration, Stadtrundgänge Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3224/peripherie.v42i1.05 VL - 42 IS - 165/166 SP - 82 EP - 106 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wachs, Sebastian A1 - Wettstein, Alexander A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Espelage, Dorothy L. A1 - Wright, Michelle F. A1 - Gámez-Guadix, Manuel T1 - Individual and Contextual Correlates of Latent Bystander Profiles toward Racist Hate Speech: A Multilevel Person-centered Approach T2 - Journal of Youth and Adolescence N2 - Prior research into bystander responses to hate speech has utilized variable-centered analyses — such approaches risk simplifying the complex nature of bystander behaviors. Hence, the present study used a person-centered analysis to investigate latent hate speech bystander profiles. In addition, individual and classroom-level correlates associated with the various profiles were studied. The sample included 3225 students in grades 7–9 (51.7% self-identified as female; 37.2% with immigrant background) from 215 classrooms in Germany and Switzerland. The latent profile analysis revealed that four distinct profiles could be distinguished: Passive Bystanders (34.2%), Defenders (47.3%), Revengers (9.8%), and Contributors (8.6%). Multilevel logistic regression models showed common and distinct correlates. For example, students who believed that certain social groups are superior were more likely to be Revengers and Contributors than Passive Bystanders, students who felt more connected with teachers were more likely to be Defenders, and students who were more open to diversity were less likely to be Contributors than Passive Bystanders. Students were less likely Defenders and more likely Revengers and Contributors than Passive Bystanders in classrooms with high rates of hate speech perpetration. Further, in classrooms with high hate speech intervention, students were more likely to be Defenders and less likely to be Contributors than Passive Bystanders. In classrooms with stronger cohesion, students were more likely to be Defenders and less likely to be Contributors than Passive Bystanders. In conclusion, the findings add to our understanding of bystander profiles concerning racist hate speech and the relevance of individual and classroom-level factors in explaining various profiles of bystander behavior. KW - Hate speech KW - Bystanders KW - School climate KW - Social skills KW - Latent profile analysis KW - Multilevel modeling Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-024-01968-x SN - 0047-2891 VL - 53 IS - 6 SP - 1271 EP - 1286 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bernecker, Roland A1 - Grätz, Ronald T1 - Culture and Liberty T2 - Global Perspectives KW - Globalisation Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1525/gp.2021.25631 SN - 2575-7350 VL - 2021(2) IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Fischer, Saskia M. A1 - Kansok-Dusche, Julia A1 - Wachs, Sebastian A1 - Wettstein, Alexander T1 - Teachers’ intervention strategies for handling hate-speech incidents in schools T2 - Social Psychology of Education N2 - Despite ongoing global efforts to combat discrimination, hate speech is a growing problem in many countries. Hate speech is also widespread among young people and thus also affects schools. Because of the negative consequences of hate speech for the targeted individuals and for society in general, schools and teachers are generally encouraged to moderate hate speech. This binational study examines intervention strategies for hate speech in schools using the newly developed Hate-Speech Interventions Scale for Teachers. Data from German and Swiss teachers (N = 486) were analyzed. Self-reported strategies were best described using a three-factor structure. Teachers primarily direct their interventions at those directly involved in hate speech and frequently employ teaching-oriented strategies. In comparison, external partners and colleagues are relatively rarely involved. Measurement invariance testing supported the scales’ construct validity. A link was found between the use of these strategies, teachers’ task-specific self-efficacy, gender, and professional experience. These results indicate that schools should play an important role in moderating hate speech and that increasing teachers’ confidence in their own ability to address this phenomenon could be an important element of teacher training. KW - Hate speech KW - Intervention KW - Teacher KW - School KW - Self-efficacy KW - Professional experience Y1 - 2024 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11218-024-09929-9 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11218-024-09929-9 SN - 1381-2890 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dander, Valentin A1 - Stix, Daniela Cornelia T1 - Medienforschung und soziale Ungleichheiten. Eine Metaanalyse zu Ungleichheitsdimensionen in Studien zur Mediennutzung junger Menschen T2 - socialnet Materialien N2 - Teaser Bezeichnungen wie „Digital Natives“ unterstellen jungen Menschen eine einheitliche Mediennutzung und vernachlässigen ihre Vielfalt. Sie verschleiern soziale und digitale Ungleichheiten und erschweren (sozial-)pädagogische Arbeit. Dieser Beitrag präsentiert relevante Studien zur Mediennutzung, betont die Komplexität sozialer Ungleichheiten und hinterfragt methodische Einschränkungen in der Forschung. Zusammenfassung Junge Menschen gelten in der Regel als Vorreiter in der Nutzung digitaler Medien. Im positiven Duktus sind «die» jungen Menschen als „Digital Natives“ besonders medienaffin, im negativen Duktus mediensüchtig. Beide Perspektiven vernachlässigen, dass junge Mediennutzer:innen eine durchweg heterogene und von Diversität geprägte Gruppe darstellen. Pauschale Bezeichnungen und Generationenzuschreibungen täuschen über Phänomene sozialer und digitaler Ungleichheiten hinweg und behindern professionelles medienpädagogisches und sozialarbeiterisches Handeln. Der Beitrag stellt in einem ersten Schritt einflussreiche deutschsprachige Studien zur Mediennutzung von jungen Menschen unter Berücksichtigung ihrer jeweiligen methodischen Hintergründe vor und fasst ausgewählte Ergebnisse zusammen. Daran anschließend werden die Aussagekraft und Reichweite der Studien mit Blick auf den Zusammenhang von Mediennutzung und sozialen Ungleichheiten eingeordnet und die methodisch bedingte Verengung der Studien im Kontrast zu partizipativer Forschung kritisch diskutiert. KW - Digital Natives KW - digitale Ungleichheit KW - Digital Divide KW - Mediennutzung KW - Mediennutzungsforschung KW - Forschungskritik Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.socialnet.de/materialien/30144.php U6 - https://doi.org/10.60049/2aadw5la PB - socialnet CY - Bonn ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gawlińska-Nęcek, Katarzyna A1 - Kot, Małgorzata A1 - Starowicz, Zbigniew A1 - Jarzębska, Anna A1 - Panek, Piotr A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo T1 - Instability of Formamidinium Lead Iodide (FAPI) Deposited on a Copper Oxide Hole Transporting Layer (HTL) T2 - ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces N2 - Copper oxide appears to be a promising candidate for a hole transport layer (HTL) in emerging perovskite solar cells. Reasons for this are its good optical and electrical properties, cost-effectiveness, and high stability. However, is this really the case? In this study, we demonstrate that copper oxide, synthesized by a spray-coating method, is unstable in contact with formamidinium lead triiodide (FAPI) perovskite, leading to its decomposition. Using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectrophotometry, we find that the entire copper oxide diffuses into and reacts with the FAPI film completely. The reaction products are an inactive yellow δ-FAPI phase, copper iodide (CuI), and an additional new phase of copper formate hydroxide (CH2CuO3) that has not been reported previously in the literature. KW - formamidinium lead iodide KW - perovskites KW - instability KW - Cu2O KW - hole transporting layer KW - phase transition Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.4c03440 SN - 1944-8244 VL - 16 IS - 21 SP - 27936 EP - 27943 PB - American Chemical Society (ACS) ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kolosova, Olga S. A1 - Efremenko, Yulia A1 - Laurinavichyute, Veronika K. A1 - Nizamov, Shavkat A1 - Petrushenko, Serhii I. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Poly-3-thienylboronic Acid Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization, and Interaction with Saccharides Studied at the Level of Individual Nanoparticles T2 - ACS Applied Nano Materials N2 - Polythiophenboronic acid (PThBA) combines an affinity for saccharides with the unique properties of conducting polymers. This polymer was synthesized by enzymatic catalyzed oxidative polymerization, characterized by UV–vis spectroscopy in solvents of different polarity and by 1H NMR. A suspension of PThBA nanoparticles (PThBA NPs) was prepared by injecting a methanol solution of PThBA into an aqueous electrolyte. PThBA NPs were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. Nanoparticle tracking analysis and dynamic light scattering were used to study the concentration of the particles and the particle size distribution. The effect of pH on these properties was analyzed and an increase in nanoparticle size was observed at alkaline pH. This effect was explained by electrostatic swelling of the nanoparticles. Measurements of ζ-potentials in the wide pH range showed the presence of acidic groups with a pKa of 8.6; the value of the surface charge at the conditions of maximal deprotonation of these groups was estimated to be ∼70 mC/m2. Changes in the optical spectra of PThBA NPs due to variations in pH and additions of organic solvents indicate transformations between twisted and planar conformations of the polymer backbone. The binding of saccharides by PThBA NPs resulted in a decrease in the size and charge of the nanoparticles. Recently developed wide-field surface plasmon resonance microscopy (WF-SPRM) can simultaneously monitor every single nanoparticle among many thousands adsorbed on a surface. It was used for the first time to study chemosensitive nanoparticles. The described above effects of pH change and saccharide binding described above, monitor were confirmed by using integral techniques in monitoring individual nanoparticles, by WF-SPRM. The pH effects were shown to be reversible. An increase in the affinity of PThBA NPs for saccharides at a more alkaline pH was also observed. A fast recovery of polymer binding sites by a pH decrease was demonstrated. The synthesized and characterized PThBA NPs can be further used for various purposes including analytical assays, chemical sensors, or chemosensitive nanotechnological devices. KW - - KW - conducting polymers KW - chemosensitive nanoparticles KW - saccharides binding KW - affinity control KW - polythienylboronic acid KW - surface plasmon resonance microscopy Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.4c00216 SN - 2574-0970 VL - 7 IS - 10 SP - 11120 EP - 11135 PB - American Chemical Society ER - TY - GEN A1 - Azam, Hafiz Muhammad Husnain A1 - Rößling, Rosa Ilse A1 - Geithe, Christiane A1 - Khan, Muhammad Moman A1 - Dinter, Franziska A1 - Hanack, Katja A1 - Prüß, Harald A1 - Husse, Britta A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Rödiger, Stefan T1 - MicroRNA biomarkers as next-generation diagnostic tools for neurodegenerative diseases: a comprehensive review T2 - Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience N2 - Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are characterized by abnormalities within neurons of the brain or spinal cord that gradually lose function, eventually leading to cell death. Upon examination of affected tissue, pathological changes reveal a loss of synapses, misfolded proteins, and activation of immune cells—all indicative of disease progression—before severe clinical symptoms become apparent. Early detection of NDs is crucial for potentially administering targeted medications that may delay disease advancement. Given their complex pathophysiological features and diverse clinical symptoms, there is a pressing need for sensitive and effective diagnostic methods for NDs. Biomarkers such as microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified as potential tools for detecting these diseases. We explore the pivotal role of miRNAs in the context of NDs, focusing on Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Multiple sclerosis, Huntington’s disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. The review delves into the intricate relationship between aging and NDs, highlighting structural and functional alterations in the aging brain and their implications for disease development. It elucidates how miRNAs and RNA-binding proteins are implicated in the pathogenesis of NDs and underscores the importance of investigating their expression and function in aging. Significantly, miRNAs exert substantial influence on post-translational modifications (PTMs), impacting not just the nervous system but a wide array of tissues and cell types as well. Specific miRNAs have been found to target proteins involved in ubiquitination or de-ubiquitination processes, which play a significant role in regulating protein function and stability. We discuss the link between miRNA, PTM, and NDs. Additionally, the review discusses the significance of miRNAs as biomarkers for early disease detection, offering insights into diagnostic strategies. KW - neurodegenerative diseases KW - microRNA KW - biomarkers KW - nervous system KW - diagnostic tools KW - therapeutic tools KW - protein post-translational modifications KW - limitations Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2024.1386735 SN - 1662-5099 VL - 17 PB - Frontiers Media S.A. ER - TY - GEN A1 - Katsumi, Kota A1 - Fiore, Jacopo A1 - Udina, Mattia A1 - Romero, Ralph A1 - Barbalas, David A1 - Jesudasan, John A1 - Raychaudhuri, Pratap A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Benfatto, Lara A1 - Armitage, N. P. T1 - Revealing novel aspects of light-matter coupling by Terahertz Two-Dimensional Coherent Spectroscopy: the case of the amplitude mode in superconductors T2 - Physical Review Letters N2 - Recently developed terahertz (THz) two-dimensional coherent spectroscopy (2DCS) is a powerful technique to obtain materials information in a fashion qualitatively different from other spectroscopies. Here, we utilized THz 2DCS to investigate the THz nonlinear response of conventional superconductor NbN. Using broadband THz pulses as light sources, we observed a third-order nonlinear signal whose spectral components are peaked at twice the superconducting gap energy 2⁢Δ. With narrow-band THz pulses, a THz nonlinear signal was identified at the driving frequency Ω and exhibited a resonant enhancement at temperature when Ω=2⁢Δ. General theoretical considerations show that such a resonance can arise only from a disorder-activated paramagnetic coupling between the light and the electronic current. This proves that the nonlinear THz response can access processes distinct from the diamagnetic Raman-like density fluctuations, which are believed to dominate the nonlinear response at optical frequencies in metals. Our numerical simulations reveal that, even for a small amount of disorder, the Ω=2⁢Δ resonance is dominated by the superconducting amplitude mode over the entire investigated disorder range. This is in contrast to other resonances, whose amplitude-mode contribution depends on disorder. Our findings demonstrate the unique ability of THz 2DCS to explore collective excitations inaccessible in other spectroscopies. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.132.256903 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.132.256903 VL - 132 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey A1 - Safdar, Muddasar A1 - Shezad, Nasir A1 - Akhtar, Farid T1 - Development of Ni-doped A-site lanthanides-based perovskite-type oxide catalysts for CO2 methanation by auto-combustion method T2 - RSC Advances N2 - Engineering the interfacial interaction between the active metal element and support material is a promising strategy for improving the performance of catalysts toward CO2 methanation. Herein, the Ni-doped rare-earth metal-based A-site substituted perovskite-type oxide catalysts (Ni/AMnO3; A = Sm, La, Nd, Ce, Pr) were synthesized by auto-combustion method, thoroughly characterized, and evaluated for CO2 methanation reaction. The XRD analysis confirmed the perovskite structure and the formation of nano-size particles with crystallite sizes ranging from 18 to 47 nm. The Ni/CeMnO3 catalyst exhibited a higher CO2 conversion rate of 6.6 × 10−5 molCO2 gcat−1 s−1 and high selectivity towards CH4 formation due to the surface composition of the active sites and capability to activate CO2 molecules under redox property adopted associative and dissociative mechanisms. The higher activity of the catalyst could be attributed to the strong metal–support interface, available active sites, surface basicity, and higher surface area. XRD analysis of spent catalysts showed enlarged crystallite size, indicating particle aggregation during the reaction; nevertheless, the cerium-containing catalyst displayed the least increase, demonstrating resilience, structural stability, and potential for CO2 methanation reaction. KW - perovskite KW - CO2 methanation KW - lanthanide KW - auto-combustion method Y1 - 2024 UR - https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2024/ra/d4ra02106a U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ra02106a VL - 2024 IS - 14 SP - 20240 EP - 20253 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gambitta, Marco A1 - Beirow, Bernd A1 - Schrape, Sven T1 - Modelling method for aeroelastic low engine order excitation originating from upstream Vanes’ geometrical variability T2 - International Journal of Turbomachinery Propulsion and Power N2 - The manufacturing geometrical variability in axial compressors is a stochastic source of uncertainty, implying that the real geometry differs from the nominal design. This causes the real geometry to lose the ideal axial symmetry. Considering the aerofoils of a stator vane, the geometrical variability affects the flow traversing it. This impacts the downstream rotor, especially when considering the aeroelastic excitation forces. Optical surface scans coupled with a parametrisation method allow for acquiring the information relative to the real aerofoils geometries. The measured data are included in a multi-passage and multi-stage CFD setup to represent the mistuned flow. In particular, low excitation harmonics on the rotor vane are introduced due to the geometrical deviations of the upstream stator. The introduced low engine orders, as well as their amplitude, depend on the stator geometries and their order. A method is proposed to represent the phenomena in a reduced CFD domain, limiting the size and number of solutions required to probabilistically describe the rotor excitation forces. The resulting rotor excitation forces are reconstructed as a superposition of disturbances due to individual stator aerofoils geometries. This indicates that the problem is linear in the combination of disturbances from single passages. KW - Aeroelasticity KW - Low Engine Order KW - Geometrical Variability Y1 - 2024 SN - 2504-186X VL - 2024 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lengyel, Dominik A1 - Toulouse, Catherine T1 - Landscapes in visualisations of architectonic hypotheses T2 - Abitare la Terra : una rivista per una nuova alleanza tra l'uomo e l'ambiente Y1 - 2022 SN - 1592-8608 IS - 59 SP - 6 EP - 8 PB - Gangemi CY - Roma ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sagradov, Olga A1 - Javadi, Sima T1 - Machine Learning in der Cashflow-Prognose T2 - Controlling & Management Review (CMR) N2 - Machine-Learning-Ansätze sind im Controlling äußerst nutzbringend. Aufgrund von begrenzten finanziellen und personellen Ressourcen ist die Implementierung jedoch herausfordernd. Das folgende Beispiel beschreibt eine Bottom-up-Initiative zur Einführung von Machine-Learning-Methoden im Controlling mithilfe einer Analyseplattform. KW - Machine Learning KW - Controlling KW - Cashflow-Prognose Y1 - 2024 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12176-024-1408-x U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12176-024-1408-x SN - 2195-8270 SN - 2195-8262 VL - 68 IS - 3 SP - 52 EP - 57 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sheikhi‐Garjan, Maryam A1 - Orhon Kılıç, N. Gamze A1 - Cenk, Murat T1 - Supersingular Isogeny-based Ring Signature T2 - International Journal of Information Security Science N2 - The increasing demand for secure and anonymous transactions raises the popularity of ring signatures, which is a digital signature scheme that allows identifying a group of possible signers without revealing the identity of the actual signer. This paper presents efficient supersingular isogeny-based ring signature and linkable ring signature schemes that will find potential applications in post-quantum technologies. We develop the ring signature scheme by applying the Fiat-Shamir transform on the sigma protocol for a ring which we obtain from the supersingular isogeny-based interactive zero-knowledge identification scheme by adopting the scheme for a ring. We also extend our ring signature protocol with an additional parameter, i.e., a tag that provides to detect if a signer issues two signatures concerning the same ring by preserving anonymity and linkable anonymity. The signature size of our ring signature protocols increases logarithmically in the size of the ring thanks to the Merkle trees. We show the security proofs and efficiency analyses of the protocols offered. Moreover, we provide the implementation results of the supersingular isogeny-based ring signature, which offers small signature sizes for NIST post-quantum security levels. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.55859/ijiss.1187756 SN - 2147-0030 VL - 12 IS - 1 SP - 32 EP - 57 PB - Seref Sagiroglu ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sheikhi‐Garjan, Maryam A1 - Bahramian, Mojtaba A1 - Doche, Christophe T1 - Threshold verifiable multi‐secret sharing based on elliptic curves and Chinese remainder theorem T2 - IET Information Security Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-ifs.2018.5174 SN - 1751-8717 VL - 13 IS - 3 SP - 278 EP - 284 PB - Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET) ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dorai Swamy Reddy, Keerthi A1 - Pérez, Eduardo A1 - Baroni, Andrea A1 - Mahadevaiah, Mamathamba Kalishettyhalli A1 - Marschmeyer, Steffen A1 - Fraschke, Mirko A1 - Lisker, Marco A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Mai, Andreas T1 - Optimization of technology processes for enhanced CMOS-integrated 1T-1R RRAM device performance T2 - The European Physical Journal B N2 - Implementing artificial synapses that emulate the synaptic behavior observed in the brain is one of the most critical requirements for neuromorphic computing. Resistive random-access memories (RRAM) have been proposed as a candidate for artificial synaptic devices. For this applicability, RRAM device performance depends on the technology used to fabricate the metal–insulator–metal (MIM) stack and the technology chosen for the selector device. To analyze these dependencies, the integrated RRAM devices in a 4k-bit array are studied on a 200 mm wafer scale in this work. The RRAM devices are integrated into two different CMOS transistor technologies of IHP, namely 250 nm and 130 nm and the devices are compared in terms of their pristine state current. The devices in 130 nm technology have shown lower number of high pristine state current devices per die in comparison to the 250 nm technology. For the 130 nm technology, the forming voltage is reduced due to the decrease of HfO2 dielectric thickness from 8 nm to 5 nm. Additionally, 5% Al-doped 4 nm HfO2 dielectric displayed a similar reduction in forming voltage and a lower variation in the values. Finally, the multi-level switching between the dielectric layers in 250 nm and 130 nm technologies are compared, where 130 nm showed a more significant number of conductance levels of seven compared to only four levels observed in 250 nm technology. KW - RRAM Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1140/epjb/s10051-024-00821-1 SN - 1434-6028 VL - 97 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sasakaros, Marios A1 - Schafferus, Markus A1 - Wirsum, Manfred A1 - Zobel, Arthur A1 - Vogt, Damian A1 - Nakos, Alex A1 - Beirow, Bernd T1 - Experimental Investigation of Synchronous-Flow-Induced Blade Vibrations on a Radial Turbine T2 - International Journal of Turbomachinery, Propulsion and Power N2 - In this study, a thorough experimental investigation of the synchronous blade vibrations of a radial turbine is performed for different IGV configurations. First, the blade modes are measured experimentally and calculated numerically. Subsequently, the vibrations are recorded with two redundant measurement systems during real operation. Strain gauges were applied on certain blades, while a commercial blade-tip-timing system is used for the measurement of blade deflections. The experimentally determined vibration properties are compared with numerical estimations. Initially, the vibrations recorded with the “nominal” IGV were presented. This IGV primarily generates nodal diameter (ND) 0 vibrations. Subsequently, the impact of two different IGV configurations is examined. First, a mistuned IGV, which has the same number of vanes as the “nominal” IGV is examined. By intentionally varying the distance between the vanes, additional low engine order excitations are generated. Moreover, an IGV with a higher number of vanes is employed to induce excitations at higher frequency modes and ND6 vibrations. Certain vibrations are consistently measured across all IGV configurations, which cannot be attributed to the spiral turbine casing. In addition, a turbine–compressor interaction has been observed. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ijtpp9040035 SN - 2504-186X VL - 9 IS - 4 PB - MDPI AG ER - TY - GEN A1 - Witte, Eric T1 - Die ideellen Inhalte des Trennungsgebotes und ihre einfachgesetzliche Abbildung in der deutschen Rechtsordnung T2 - DIE POLIZEI : Fachzeitschrift für die öffentliche Sicherheit mit Beiträgen aus der Deutschen Hohschule der Polizei N2 - Zur Trennung von Polizei und Nachrichtendiensten. Der Beitrag stellt dar, welche Ideen für die Umsetzung einer solchen Trennung in der Rechtswissenschaft diskutiert werden. Zugleich stellt er diesen Ideen gegenüber, welche Vorkehrungen zur Trennung überhaupt parlamentarisch im Gesetz verankert wurden. Insbesondere habe ich für diesen Beitrag etwa 35 Sicherheitsgestetze (Bundesgesetze und Ländergesetze) analysiert und miteinander verglichen. Jedes dieser Gesetze ist genau zitiert. Der Beitrag nimmt auch Stellung zur Kompetenzerweiterung des Bundeskriminalamtes im Bereich der Terrorismusabwehr. Eine solche verständliche Übersicht war bis zum Erscheinen dieses Artikels nicht zu finden. KW - Trennungsgebot KW - Vernachrichtendienstlichung KW - Polizei KW - Nachrichtendienste Y1 - 2014 SN - 0032-3519 IS - 02 SP - 46 EP - 50 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hauer, Daniel T1 - Convergence of bounded solutions of nonlinear parabolic problems on a bounded interval: the singular case T2 - Nonlinear Differential Equations and Applications NoDEA Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00030-012-0203-0 SN - 1021-9722 VL - 20 (2013) IS - 3 SP - 1171 EP - 1190 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Medina Méndez, Juan Ali A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Schmidt, Heiko A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Revisiting homogeneous modeling with volume averaging theory: structured catalysts for steam reforming and CO2 methanation T2 - Journal of Physics: Conference Series N2 - Progress in the modeling of structured catalysts is crucial for enhancing efficiency and scalability in industrial applications. Extensive research has investigated reactive flows over catalyst surfaces, covering chemical kinetics analysis and (direct) numerical simulations of the complete fluid flow in fixed-bed or structured catalysts. Nonetheless, this comes at a high computational cost. This study focuses on the homogeneous modeling of structured catalysts utilizing volume-averaging theory (VAT) as a more efficient method for representing the behaviour of such systems. We discuss modeling strategies for both 1-D and 3-D simulations. For steady 1-D flow simulations, we assess the influence of simplified gas chemical kinetics versus detailed surface chemistry, comparing with experimental data from the literature for a CO2 methanation processes. We also simulate 3-D flows of a steam reforming process, previously studied in the literature, using models which rely on different assumptions regarding the nature of the porous catalyst. Our findings reveal significant discrepancies based on different modeling assumptions, underscoring the necessity for accurate modeling of permeability and diffusivity tensors in homogeneous models. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2899/1/012004 SN - 1742-6596 VL - 2899/2024 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ruffert, Christine A1 - Monsalve Guaracao, Jorge Mario A1 - Völz, Uwe A1 - Jongmanns, Marcel A1 - Betz, Björn A1 - Langa, Sergiu A1 - Amelung, Jörg A1 - Wiersig, Marcus T1 - Rapid characterisation of mixtures of hydrogen and natural gas by means of ultrasonic time-delay estimation T2 - Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems N2 - The implementation of the “power-to-gas” concept, where hydrogen and natural gas are blended and transported in the existing network, requires a quick, on-site method to monitor the content of hydrogen in the mixture. We evaluate a rapid characterisation of this mixture based on the measurement of the speed of sound, using micromachined ultrasonic transducers (MUTs). Two MUT-based prototypes were implemented to analyse a mixture of natural gas and hydrogen under controlled conditions. Changes in the hydrogen content below 2 mol % (in a mixture that was adjusted between 6 mol % and 16 mol %) were discriminated by both devices, including the uncertainty due to the temperature compensation and the time-delay estimation. The obtained values of the speed of sound were consistent with those calculated from independent, non-acoustic measurements performed with a gas chromatograph and a density sensor. An MUT-based flow meter is thus capable of reporting both gas intake and the molar fraction of hydrogen, provided that the source of natural gas is kept constant. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-13-179-2024 SN - 2194-878X VL - 13 IS - 2 SP - 185 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Uhlig, Sebastian A1 - Gaudet, Matthieu A1 - Langa, Sergiu A1 - Ruffert, Christine A1 - Jongmanns, Marcel A1 - Schenk, Harald T1 - Highly integrable silicon micropumps using lateral electrostatic bending actuators T2 - Microsystem Technologies N2 - We present the design, fabrication, and characterization of an innovative silicon-based micropump with high potential for portable lab-on-chip (LoC) as well as point-of-care (PoC) applications. The actuators of the pump are electrostatic driven in-plane bending devices, which were presented earlier (Borcia et al. in Phys Rev Fluids 3(8): 084202, 2018. 10.1103/PhysRevFluids.3.084202; Uhlig et al. in Micromachines, 9(4), 2018. 10.3390/mi9040190). This paper presents the characterization results achieved with the micropump. The dielectric non-polar liquid Novec7100™ was used as a test liquid due to its adequate physical properties. When applying a periodic voltage of 130 V, a flow rate of up to 80 µL/min was detected. The counter pressure amounts up to 30 kPa and the correspondent fluidic power (volumetric flow rate times the counter pressure) was calculated to 10 µW. The pump contains passive flap valves at the inlet and outlet, which are based on a bending cantilever design. Depending on the application requirements, the micropump can be designed modularly to adjust the specific parameters by an adequate arrangement of pump base units. In this paper, the proof of principle is shown using a single base unit with different number of stacked NED-actuator beams, as well as the serial arrangement of base units. Both modular concepts target the increase of backpressure of the NED-micropump in an inherently different way compared to conventional membrane micropumps. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00542-024-05635-w SN - 0946-7076 VL - 30 IS - 8 SP - 949 EP - 960 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Witulska, Justyna A1 - Zaleska, Anna A1 - Kremzer-Osiadacz, Natalia A1 - Wyłomańska, Agnieszka A1 - Jabłoński, Ireneusz T1 - Robust variance estimators in application to segmentation of measurement data distorted by impulsive and non-Gaussian noise T2 - Measurement Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2024.115472 SN - 0263-2241 VL - 239 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mazguła, Jakub A1 - Król, Dariusz A1 - Jabłoński, Ireneusz T1 - Temporal and multivariate similarity clustering of 5G performance data T2 - IEEE Access Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3444704 SN - 2169-3536 VL - 12 SP - 114137 EP - 114145 PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) ER - TY - GEN A1 - Singh, Amita A1 - Hayat, Mubashir A1 - Winkler, Herwig T1 - Deriving principles from participatory modelling to augment circularity and sustainability in EV battery lifecycle T2 - Procedia CIRP N2 - Very often circularity and sustainability go hand-in-hand. This paper is focused on understanding the key criteria of how circularity and hence sustainability can be increased in the field of electric vehicle (EV) batteries. Literature shows that only 2-5% of Lithium Ion Batteries (LIB) are recycled resulting in a huge number of not properly disposed batteries. This is harmful not only to the environment but also has adverse effects on the population of the area where the minerals are mined disturbing the triple bottom line of sustainability. Through this paper, we propose a holistic approach to tackle the problem by not only using technology but also including systematic input from different stakeholders through the lifecycle. We, thus, combine principles from participatory modelling and blockchain technology to bring transparency and accountability in the process. This approach is a step-by-step guideline for including circularity and sustainability through a continuous process of input collection from real life and validation in the real world thereby resulting in a practical and technologically adept solution yielding better results when compared to a solution developed in an isolated laboratory environment. In this paper, we discuss the guidelines for the process together with input data collection, method, process validation, and resulting document in each step. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2024.10.120 SN - 2212-8271 IS - 130 SP - 498 EP - 503 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nikitin, Alexander A1 - Turabov, Dashqin A1 - Ermilova, Evgeniia A1 - Evdokimov, Anton A1 - Ossenbrink, Ralf A1 - Seidlitz, Holger T1 - Using dynamic resistance to predict electrode surface degradation in resistance spot welding of 5182 aluminum alloy T2 - Welding in the World N2 - In this study, the correlation between dynamic resistance during the first 10 ms of welding time and the electrode surface condition in resistance spot welding of 5182 aluminum alloy has been investigated. The electrode surface rapidly degrades due to contamination and morphological changes, adversely affecting the weld spot surface. The accumulation of Cu-Al intermetallic phases on the electrode surface alters its roughness, leading to variations in dynamic resistance. By analyzing this correlation, optimal electrode milling intervals were identified to extend electrode life. This work focused on detecting crater formation on the electrode surface through dynamic resistance monitoring. The results indicate that resistance measurements provide a reliable approach for evaluating electrode wear, optimizing maintenance schedules, and reducing material removal during milling. KW - resistance spot welding KW - aluminum alloy KW - electrode wear KW - dynamic resistance KW - electrode surface Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s40194-024-01872-9 VL - 69 SP - 449 EP - 458 ER - TY - GEN A1 - König, Mathias A1 - Winkler, Herwig T1 - Investigation of assistance systems in assembly in the context of digitalization: a systematic literature review T2 - Journal of Manufacturing Systems N2 - Assistance systems play a crucial role in enhancing working conditions and efficiency in industrial assembly. In the context of Industry 4.0, it is important to determine the types of assistance systems that contribute to assembly goals as well as their economic benefits. First, the significance of the topic will be introduced, and the research questions will be presented. Second, the basic technical terms will be defined, and third, the research methodology of a structured literature review (SLR) will be delineated. The fourth section presents an overview of the ergonomic and information assistance systems used in operational practice and academic test set-ups. It further explains the reasons for using assistance systems in assembly and their economic benefits, particularly in terms of reducing assembly times and errors. In the fifth section, the research perspectives of the respective publications are evaluated and summarized in both a qualitative and quantitative way. The present mixed-methods study is not generalizable due to its limitations such as a small sample size, the geographical scope of the study, type of databanks, time of publication and language of the reviewed articles, and methods of data collection. It does, however, identify potential areas for future research and provide recommendations for further investigation. KW - AssemblyIndustry 4.0Assistance systemsDigitalization Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmsy.2024.11.015 SN - 0278-6125 VL - 78 SP - 187 EP - 199 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wendland, David A1 - Gielen, Mark A1 - Korensky, Vladimir T1 - Towards the Gothic: Design and Construction of the 12th Century Vaults in Notre‐Dame in Paris, and Possible Origins T2 - International Journal of Architectural Heritage N2 - The vaults over the choir and nave of Notre‐Dame in Paris play a key role in the development of Gothic vaults—regarding their sheer height and span, and in particular their complex stone structure. A considerable dynamic in the development of new construction details can be seen in solutions that in some cases are still quite distinct from the well‐known constructions of the great Gothic vaults, and that in other cases, although innovative, remain more or less singular. The design of the sexpartite vaults follows a scheme established in the early Gothic and at the same time displays groundbreaking conceptions in geometry and construction. The fire of the roof that in 2019 damaged part of the vaults, but also showed their remarkable structural performance, brought up the necessity of better understanding these structures while also giving deep insight into construction details. The ongoing research presented here correlates geometric analyses based on 3D‐scanning, carried out on the vaults in Notre‐Dame and on comparable structures, observations on construction details on site, and sources such as historical drawings, with large‐scale experiments reproducing the processes of construction, fabrication of building elements, as well as planning and information transfer from design to building. The approach that refers to the built object as its principal source can be characterized as reverse engineering. KW - Building archaeology KW - construction history KW - early Gothic KW - experimental archaeology KW - Gothic architecture KW - medieval construction KW - Notre-Dame in Paris KW - rib vault KW - stereotomy KW - vaults Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/15583058.2024.2427661#abstract U6 - https://doi.org/DOI: 10.1080/15583058.2024.2427661 SP - 1 EP - 34 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mielke, Jonas A1 - Winkler, Herwig T1 - A reference architecture for the application of machine leaning algorithms in production planning and control T2 - Procedia CIRP N2 - The organization of complex production systems in enterprises poses major challenges for decision-makers in production planning and control (PPC). Especially the volatility of planning scenarios and the associated demand for short-cycle adaptation of decisions requires methods that enable fast and reliable evaluations. This article presents a system architecture that addresses these challenges holistically. The system architecture uses real production data to generate scenario-based value stream simulations, which are subsequently used to train machine learning algorithms. The trained models enable a holistic evaluation of new production scenarios. Finally, decisions can be made for the real production environment based on reliable knowledge. KW - Production planningcontrolmachine learningvalue stream simulationproduction datasystem architecturefast decision-making processes Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2024.10.059 VL - 130 SP - 79 EP - 85 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mielke, Jonas A1 - Winkler, Herwig T1 - Application of machine learning algorithms for the evaluation of employee qualification matrices in complex production systems T2 - Procedia CIRP N2 - Machine learning (ML) methods are powerful tools for the rapid and targeted evaluation of large data volumes. Especially in the area of production planning and control (PPC), there is huge potential for making the operational and strategic organization of production systems more efficient. However, in order to achieve these objectives, practical research contributions are required that focus on the actual boundary conditions of PPC. This article presents the practical evaluation of qualification matrices using the gradient boosting method and cross-validation to determine the influence of data splitting and selection on prediction accuracy to demonstrate the usability of the system. KW - machine learningproduction planningcontrolpersonnel qualificationcontrol systemcomplex production systemsproduction data Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2024.10.058 SN - 2212-8271 VL - 130 SP - 72 EP - 78 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmitt, Randolf A1 - Borck, Christian A1 - Behm, Martin A1 - Böhnke, Jacob T1 - Approach of an asset combination based on RAMI4.0 for the digital transformation and operation of a Digital Twin T2 - Procedia CIRP Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2024.10.155 SN - 2212-8271 VL - 130 SP - 724 EP - 729 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Collier, Timothy Allen A1 - Hauer, Daniel T1 - A density result for doubly nonlinear operators in L1 T2 - Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems - S Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3934/dcdss.2024031 SN - 1937-1632 VL - 17 IS - 4 SP - 1663 EP - 1671 PB - American Institute of Mathematical Sciences (AIMS) ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gurka, Petr A1 - Hauer, Daniel T1 - More insights into the Trudinger–Moser inequality with monomial weight T2 - Calculus of Variations and Partial Differential Equations Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00526-020-01890-7 SN - 0944-2669 VL - 60 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hauer, Daniel T1 - Regularizing effect of homogeneous evolution equations with perturbation T2 - Nonlinear Analysis Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.na.2021.112245 SN - 0362-546X VL - 206 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Andrews, Ben A1 - Clutterbuck, Julie A1 - Hauer, Daniel T1 - The fundamental gap for a one-dimensional Schrödinger operator with Robin boundary conditions T2 - Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1090/proc/15140 SN - 0002-9939 VL - 149 IS - 4 SP - 1481 EP - 1493 PB - American Mathematical Society (AMS) ER - TY - GEN A1 - Andrews, Ben A1 - Clutterbuck, Julie A1 - Hauer, Daniel T1 - Non-concavity of the Robin ground state T2 - Cambridge Journal of Mathematics Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4310/cjm.2020.v8.n2.a1 SN - 2168-0930 VL - 8 IS - 2 SP - 243 EP - 310 PB - International Press of Boston ER - TY - GEN A1 - Arendt, Wolfgang A1 - Hauer, Daniel T1 - Maximal L2-regularity in nonlinear gradientsystems and perturbations of sublinear growth T2 - Pure and Applied Analysis Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2140/paa.2020.2.23 SN - 2578-5885 VL - 2 IS - 1 SP - 23 EP - 34 PB - Mathematical Sciences Publishers ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maier, Erik A1 - Dost, Florian T1 - Decomposing cross-channel advertising support of retailer price promotions T2 - Journal of Retailing N2 - Retailers’ communication support for their price promotions is shifting from traditional flyers and circulars (so-called feature ads) to conventional media channels, especially digital ads. It is not clear, if and how supporting price promotion with advertising in digital media benefits sales of the promoted product above and beyond the price promotion itself. Further, retail managers require guidance on whether only the promoted product or also their overall business gains from ad support (e.g., from category or cross-period expansions) to negotiate trade promotion support with manufacturers of the promoted products. Using a field experiment with a grocery retailer, we decompose the effects of the advertising support of price discount promotions across digital and print marketing channels. We find that the effectiveness assessment of the advertising channels depends on the beneficiary: while digital channels most effectively support sales of the promoted product (35 % uplift vs. non-promotion period) – especially for popular consumer-pull products (+85 %), traditional print channels improve the performance for the retailer as a whole (+3 % uplift of the total category sales), with a combination of ads having the largest effect (+5 % uplift of the total category sales). This research offers guidance for retail and manufacturer managers tasked with designing price promotions and configuring the ad support across channels, and negotiating trade promotion budgets or manufacturer support for the advertisements. KW - Cross-channel advertising, Price promotions, Omnichannel, Discounts, Retail media Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretai.2024.05.002 VL - 100 IS - 3 SP - 362 EP - 381 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Siddiqui, Maryam A1 - Eddahbi, Mhamed A1 - Kebiri, Omar T1 - Numerical solutions of stochastic differential equations with jumps and measurable drifts T2 - Mathematics N2 - This paper deals with numerical analysis of solutions to stochastic differential equations with jumps (SDEJs) with measurable drifts that may have quadratic growth. The main tool used is the Zvonkin space transformation to eliminate the singular part of the drift. More precisely, the idea is to transform the original SDEJs to standard SDEJs without singularity by using a deterministic real-valued function that satisfies a second-order differential equation. The Euler–Maruyama scheme is used to approximate the solution to the equations. It is shown that the rate of convergence is 12. Numerically, two different methods are used to approximate solutions for this class of SDEJs. The first method is the direct approximation of the original equation using the Euler–Maruyama scheme with specific tests for the evaluation of the singular part at simulated values of the solution. The second method consists of taking the inverse of the Euler–Maruyama approximation for Zvonkin’s transformed SDEJ, which is free of singular terms. Comparative analysis of the two numerical methods is carried out. Theoretical results are illustrated and proved by means of an example. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/math11173755 SN - 2227-7390 VL - 11 IS - 17 SP - 1 EP - 14 PB - MDPI AG ER - TY - GEN A1 - Abdulghani, Tamer A1 - Winkler, Herwig A1 - Abdelkafi, Nizar A1 - Lange, Hans-Rüdiger T1 - Paving the Green Path: a Maturity Model for Digital Decarbonization T2 - Procedia CIRP N2 - Digital transformation has been employed across all industries to enhance business operations. Its potential lies in optimising existing business models and creating innovative ones based on various technologies, making them fit for the future by reducing greenhouse gas emissions and fulfilling future decarbonization goals. In order to ensure a successful digital transformation towards decarbonization, managers have to assess the capabilities of their organisation and competently oversee their journey by defining a clear path employing digital maturity models. For this purpose, the analysis focused on published literature concerning digital maturity models developed to guide organisations in navigating their digital transformation journey. A systematic literature review of 36 selected digital maturity models is presented in this paper. These models overlook decarbonisation measures and focus solely on demonstrating digital capabilities, efficiency and profit growth. Therefore, a maturity model for digital decarbonization encompassing dimensions of decarbonization goals, business model innovation, customers and suppliers, products and services, employees, collaboration, processes and activities, data, and IT-infrastructure, -security and -technology has been developed. It assists organisations in reducing their carbon footprint by strategically and effectively leveraging digital technologies. The proposed model has five maturity levels: assess and align, engage and refine, innovate and collaborate, optimize and personalize, and transform and decarbonize. This paper aims to assess the current level of digital decarbonization and determine the position of the organizations. Additionally, it endeavours to identify the specific opportunities for growth that digitalization presents, thereby enabling the creation of a new digital carbon-free existence. KW - Maturity Model KW - Digital Decarbonization KW - Digital Transformation KW - Review Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2024.10.201 SN - 2212-8271 VL - 130 SP - 1020 EP - 1027 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hayat, Mubashir A1 - Winkler, Herwig T1 - Blockchain-based Order Management Process in Decentralized Production Networks: A Conceptual Framework T2 - Procedia CIRP N2 - In today's world of decentralized production, original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) are facing more than ever an increasing complexity in their order management processes. On the one hand, they deal with issues related to data transparency, traceability, and security in constant back-and-forth communication exchange between customers and sub-contractors having to confirm the order status. On the other hand, there are significant obstacles when it comes to integrating their traditional order management systems with the partner organization's information systems within the production network. These complexities tend to decrease the ability of OEMs to remain flexible and profitable. Therefore, they are constantly looking for feasible solutions to overcome these issues and improve their order management processes. To this aim, this work proposes a novel blockchain-based conceptual framework for order management that intends to establish a secure environment for efficient communication and data integrity. The decentralized and immutable nature of blockchain makes it capable of providing real-time data as well as ensuring data security and transparency. Furthermore, this work also set up basic level SQLite3 databases and design prototypical on-chain and off-chain smart contract logics that can be used to automate various operations and decisions making in order management, thereby, improving the overall order processing efficiency. According to the authors knowledge, there is no such framework available in research. Therefore, it is suggested that organization can utilize the proposed framework to develop their own blockchain based order management systems. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2024.10.218 SN - 2212-8271 IS - 130 SP - 1137 EP - 1143 ER - TY - GEN A1 - De Santis, Karina Karolina A1 - Muellmann, Saskia A1 - Pan, Chen-Chia A1 - Hoffmann, Stephanie A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Haug, Ulrike A1 - Zeeb, Hajo T1 - Digitisation and health: Second nationwide survey of internet users in Germany T2 - Digital Health N2 - Objective: Rapid digitisation of health occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide. In October 2020, we conducted a survey on digital health technology use in Germany. This study aimed to conduct a second survey to investigate in more detail the internet use in health context and digital technology use for health promotion and disease prevention in Germany. Methods: A cross-sectional, nationwide telephone survey was conducted in November 2022. Anonymous data on internet and digital technology use, digital health literacy, and sociodemographic characteristics were analysed using descriptive statistics and binary logistic regressions. Results: The 1020 participants were aged 18–92 years, 53% were male, 62% completed primary or secondary education, 71% resided in large cities, and 45% reported a country-average net household income. Overall, 61% reported internet use in health context via 1–4 devices. Among those, more than 50% used the internet and apps to obtain general health information and less than 50% used digital technologies for physical activity promotion or cancer prevention. Overall, 34% were confident in using the internet for health decisions and 71% preferred to receive health information non-digitally (e.g. on paper). Internet, app, and digital technology use were associated with higher digital health literacy and income, and residence in larger cities. Digital technologies were used for physical activity promotion by younger and for cancer prevention by older participants. Conclusion: The internet and digital technologies were predominantly used to obtain health information, but less often for health promotion and disease prevention in 2022 in Germany. While health app and digital technology use for physical activity promotion increased, the confidence in using online information for health decisions decreased in 2022 relative to 2020. Factors that promote confidence in online health information and digital technology use for health promotion and disease prevention need to be investigated in future studies. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076241301457 VL - Volume 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yamada, Yuki A1 - Xue, Jin A1 - Li, Panpan A1 - Ruiz-Fernández, Susana A1 - Özdoğru, Asil Ali A1 - Sarı, Şahsenem A1 - Torres, Sergio C. A1 - Hinojosa, José A. A1 - Montoro, Pedro R. A1 - AlShebli, Bedoor A1 - Bolatov, Aidos K. A1 - McGeechan, Grant J. A1 - Zloteanu, Mircea A1 - Razpurker-Apfeld, Irene A1 - Samekin, Adil A1 - Tal-Or, Nurit A1 - Tejada, Julian A1 - Freitag, Raquel A1 - Khatin-Zadeh, Omid A1 - Banaruee, Hassan A1 - Robin, Nicolas A1 - Briseño-Sanchez, Guillermo A1 - Barrera-Causil, Carlos J. A1 - Marmolejo-Ramos, Fernando T1 - Where the ‘bad’ and the ‘good’ go : a multi-lab direct replication report of Casasanto (2009, Experiment 1) T2 - Memory & Cognition N2 - Casasanto (Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 138, 351–367, 2009) conceptualised the body-specificity hypothesis by empirically finding that right-handed people tend to associate a positive valence with the right side and a negative valence with the left side, whilst left-handed people tend to associate a positive valence with the left side and negative valence with the right side. Thus, this was the first paper that showed a body-specific space–valence mapping. These highly influential findings led to a substantial body of research and follow-up studies, which could confirm the original findings on a conceptual level. However, direct replications of the original study are scarce. Against this backdrop and given the replication crisis in psychology, we conducted a direct replication of Casasanto’s original study with 2,222 participants from 12 countries to examine the aforementioned effects in general and also in a cross-cultural comparison. Our results support Casasanto’s findings that right-handed people associate the right side with positivity and the left side with negativity and vice versa for left-handers. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3758/s13421-024-01637-1 SN - 0090-502X VL - 2024 SP - 1 EP - 7 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwarz, Astrid T1 - More-than-human in the garden : living with Homo hortensis T2 - Cultural Science Journal N2 - In contrast to Homo faber, Homo hortensis does not side with technical production. He is dependent on dealing with inhomogeneous, ‘impure’ ensembles and can thus offer an interesting approach of acting in the age of the Anthropocene. Dealing with the interweaving of the natural and the artificial, craftsmanship and mechanization, local traditional and scientific knowledge is inherent in gardening practice and has been this way for centuries. Homo hortensis is a genuinely technoscientific person for whom the garden is an ecotechnical product of co-produced knowledge and material. The garden is a counterpart and demands attentive perception, and in this sense offers a model for a convivial mode to live with many others. The garden demands a sense of situatedness and requires the gardener to constantly position himself in his gardening work. This is where Homo hortensis differs dramatically from other forms of horticultural management, for example in geoengineering, industrial agriculture and many sustainability industries. KW - technoscientific object, Anthropocene, conviviality, care, gardening practice, positioning, geoengineering, philosophy of technology Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2478/csj-2024-0017 VL - 14 (2024) IS - 1 SP - 128 EP - 135 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cucuzzella, Michele A1 - Scherpen, Jacquelien M. A. A1 - Machado, Juan E. ED - Cifarelli, L. ED - Romanelli, F. T1 - Microgrids control: AC or DC, that is not the question T2 - EPJ Web of Conferences N2 - In these lecture notes, we delve into the models of the most commonly used DC-DC power converters: namely, the buck converter and the boost converter. Furthermore, we derive models for a DC microgrid consisiting of multiple buck and/or boost converters interconnected via (dynamic) resistive-inductive power lines and supplying the so-called ZIP loads, which are characterized by the parallel combination of constant impedance (Z), current (I), and power (P) load components. Furthermore, we introduce the primary control objectives in DC microgrids, focusing on voltage regulation and current sharing. Finally, we explore the most advanced control techniques to achieve these objectives. Importantly, these lecture notes are not intended to advocate total replacement of Alternating Current (AC) power systems with their Direct Current (DC) counterparts, but rather aim to offer a balanced perspective between them, acknowledging the historical dominance of AC power systems while underscoring the contemporary relevance of Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202431000015 SN - 2100-014X VL - 310 (2024) SP - 1 EP - 20 PB - EDP Sciences ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rüppel, Gernot Wilhelm A1 - Dorn, Oliver Niklas A1 - Kuke, Felix A1 - Ulke-Winter, Lars A1 - Seidlitz, Holger T1 - Optical tape detection using an IR camera to create a digital twin of rotationally symmetrical wet-wound FRP components T2 - Journal of Engineering 360 N2 - Wet-winding is used to manufacture rotationally symmetrical components such as pipes and pressure vessels, as well as non-rotationally symmetrical components like T-connectors. During this process, a resin-impregnated fiber (e.g., glass or carbon fiber) is wound around a core. The winding pattern influences the mechanical properties, including stiffness and strength of the component, and is optimized based on the expected loads. In practice, however, factors such as tape tension and resin content can cause deviations from the predefined winding pattern. This paper proposes a measuring system utilizing an IR-camera to record the winding pattern during production. The collected data is processed and converted into a digital twin for further analysis. KW - digital twin KW - wet winding KW - IR-Camera KW - optical fiber detection KW - optical tape detection Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0054.8851 SN - 3071-7507 VL - 1 (2024) IS - 1/24 SP - 46 EP - 57 PB - Index Copernicus ER - TY - GEN A1 - Manchanda, Prabhav A1 - Andrei, Cristina A1 - Tost, Frank A1 - Rudolph, Matthias T1 - A pHEMT based power detector for radar applications T2 - 2024 54th European Microwave Conference (EuMC) Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.23919/EuMC61614.2024.10732043 SP - 992 EP - 995 PB - IEEE ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zervos, Christos A1 - Beleniotis, Petros A1 - Rudolph, Matthias T1 - A computational analysis of the impact of thin undoped channels in surface-related current collapse of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs T2 - Semiconductor Science and Technology N2 - Abstract This study provides an insight into the impact of thin purely undoped GaN channel thickness (t ch) on surface-related trapping effects in AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors. Our TCAD study suggests that in cases where parasitic gate leakage is the driving trapping mechanism that promotes the injection of electrons from the Schottky gate contact into surface states, this effect can be alleviated by reducing t ch of the undoped GaN channel. We show that by decreasing t ch from 130 to 10 nm, devices exhibit a reduction in gate-related current collapse under the specific class-B RF operating bias conditions as a consequence of a substantial decrease in the off-state gate leakage with reducing t ch. Large-signal simulations revealed an increase by 3 W mm−1 and about 12% output power and power-added efficiency due to the decrease of gate-related collapse. This work, for the first time, highlights the role of a proper purely undoped GaN t ch selection to alleviate gate-related surface trapping in the design of GaN-based microwave power amplifiers. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6641/ad689c SN - 0268-1242 VL - 39 IS - 9 SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - IOP Publishing ER - TY - GEN A1 - Beleniotis, Petros A1 - Krause, Sascha A1 - Zervos, Christos A1 - Rudolph, Matthias T1 - A Physics-Based Model for Slow Gate-Induced Electron Trapping in GaN HEMTs T2 - IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TED.2024.3397234 SN - 0018-9383 VL - 71 IS - 7 SP - 4058 EP - 4065 PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yazdani, Hossein A1 - Zervos, Christos A1 - Beleniotis, Petros A1 - Brusaterra, Enrico A1 - Hilt, Oliver A1 - Rudolph, Matthias A1 - Würfl, Joachim T1 - Importance of Scaling in RF GaN HEMTs for Reduction of Surface Traps‐Induced Drain Lag T2 - Physica Status Solidi (a) N2 - Drain lag is a well‐known phenomenon that leads to radio frequency performance degradation in AlGaN/GaN high‐electron‐mobility transistors. Herein, it is demonstrated that a reduction of the gate‐to‐drain distance (Lgd) from 2.0 to 0.5 μm results in 7% reduction in the current collapse. This improvement is attributed to a decrease in surface trapping, which, in this case, is found to have a greater impact on current collapse than relatively slow traps in the buffer layer. To support this argument, TCAD simulations are conducted. Load‐pull analysis confirms that scaling the devices to Lgd = 0.5 μm provides 15% better output power density at 10 GHz than Lgd = 2.0 μm. Additionally, a new passivation layer for reduced surface traps exhibits a 20 to 30% higher output power density and at least a 10% improvement in power‐added efficiency at 20 GHz on a nominally identical GaN‐on‐semi‐insulating SiC epi‐wafer. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.202300885 SN - 1862-6300 SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - Wiley ER - TY - GEN A1 - Haque, Sanaul A1 - Beleniotis, Petros A1 - Yazdani, Hossein A1 - Rudolph, Matthias T1 - Ka-Band GaN power amplifier with integrated DC supply switch and RF switch T2 - 2024 25th International Microwave and Radar Conference (MIKON) Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.23919/MIKON60251.2024.10633971 SP - 1 EP - 5 PB - IEEE ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Bonhage, Alexander T1 - Legacies of past land use : mapping anthropogenic landforms in forest areas of eastern Bavaria, Germany T2 - Geoarchaeology N2 - Reconstructing (pre‐)historic land use distribution is essential for understanding past human societies and their impacts on the environment. Various land use forms result in distinct alterations of surface morphology, which are often well preserved but rarely described within forest areas. The interpretation of LiDAR Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) can greatly enhance our insight into the geoarchaeological records of woodlands. This study examines the legacies of past land use in forested areas of Upper Palatinate, Germany, utilizing LiDAR DEMs to map anthropogenic relief features. We comprehensively mapped land use legacy landforms (LULLs) that occur with considerable frequency in the study area, that is, former agricultural field systems, road remnants, abandoned ponds, relict charcoal hearths, mining legacies, and indicators of anthropogenically induced soil erosion. Results reveal that 17% of the forested area is affected by LULLs, with the largest areas covered by former field systems, roads, and ponds. Characteristic LULL associations reflect past agricultural and charcoal production landscapes. While erosion indicators often coincide with field systems and roads, natural factors mainly influence their distribution. Comparison with historical maps suggests pre‐19th‐century abandonment of most LULLs and good preservation of anthropogenic relief modifications. Our results underscore the enduring impact of past land use on present woodland ecosystems and emphasize the importance of considering forest areas in the analysis of past human–landscape interactions. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/gea.22032 SN - 0883-6353 VL - 40 (2025) IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 18 PB - Wiley ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grandas-Tavera, Carlos E. A1 - Tafili, Merita T1 - Simplified numerical simulation of vibrocompaction in sand T2 - Transportation Geotechnics N2 - Loosely deposited granular soils can be strengthened through cyclic loading, with vibrocompaction being a widely used and effective method. However, the lack of rational design methods stems from the complex interaction between soil and vibrator, as well as the inaccurate description of plastic accumulation caused by small strains in soil regions distant from the vibrator. In this work, we investigate Osinov’s hypothesis which suggests that the soil densification primarily results from numerous cycles of small-amplitude strains rather than wave propagation effects (including reflection and dispersion). In this way, the complex dynamic interaction between vibrator and soil (contact forces, large deformations around the vibrator, high frequency waves emanating from the vibrator, resonance effects, soil flow, etc.) is replaced by the effect of the vibrator on the soil: cyclic deformations applied repeatedly to the soil, with amplitudes varying both spatially and temporally. Quasi static finite element simulations using a combined hypoplastic and high cyclic accumulation model, with a prescribed field of strain amplitudes, show that the proposed simplified approach is able to qualitatively capture in-situ observations. The impact of different factors such as probe spacing, insertion depth, probe movement, and even the sequence in which the probe are driven can be reproduced by the model. The model’s predictions may complement on-line compaction control methods. KW - Vibrocompaction KW - Hypoplasticity KW - HCA Model Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trgeo.2024.101406 VL - 50 (2025) IS - January 2025 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - GEN A1 - Altan, Barış A1 - Ricci, Alessandra T1 - Sustainable Cultural Routes in Istanbul : The Küçükyalı ArkeoPark and its Vicinities T2 - Proceedings of the Symposium on City Ports from the Aegean to the Black Sea : Medieval-Modern Networks 22nd-29th August 2015 N2 - The Küçükyalı ArkeoPark is an urban archaeology project located on the Asian side of Istanbul’s Greater Municipality. Although the ArkeoPark covers a relatively medium-sized area corresponding to some 4,500/5,000 sq. m, it represents the largest surviving archaeological area on the Asian side of Istanbul. Investigations at the site and research currently support identification of the remains with the Middle Byzantine period monastic complex built by patriarch Ignatios between 867 and 877 CE. Ongoing excavations are bringing to light the second half of the ninth-century ecclesiastical building that has survived above a cistern, as well as traces of settlement spanning the first half of the fourteenth century. The Küçükyalı ArkeoPark is a project focusing on archaeological inquiry as well as on public engagement. Within the scope of its public engagement activities, a specific element will be presented here: work carried out within the EU LIMEN project aimed at devising more sustainable visitor activities for the site. A suburban cultural route linking the site with the nearby archipelago of the Princes’ Islands and the establishment of a bike route represent the focus of this contribution. Y1 - 2015 SN - 978-605-9680-01-1 SP - 215 EP - 225 PB - Ege Yayinlari CY - Istanbul ER - TY - GEN A1 - Farahani, Nasrin A1 - Popova-Gorelova, Daria T1 - Revealing fingerprints of valence excitons in x-ray absorption spectra with the Bethe-Salpeter equation T2 - Physical Review B Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.110.235126 SN - 2469-9950 VL - 110 IS - 23 PB - American Physical Society (APS) ER - TY - GEN A1 - Caprara, Sergio A1 - Di Castro, Carlo A1 - Mirarchi, Giovanni A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Grilli, Marco T1 - The shrinking fermi liquid scenario for cuprates under the scrutiny of optical conductivity measurements T2 - Materials N2 - In a recent paper [B. Michon et al., Nat. Commun. (2023) 14:3033], optical conductivity experiments in cuprate superconductors were shown to display scaling properties consistent with the Marginal Fermi Liquid theory. Here, we argue that the temperature regime studied in these experiments does not allow for distinguishing between Marginal Fermi Liquid and Shrinking Fermi Liquid. In the latter scenario, which we recently proposed and which applies near a quantum critical point, dynamical fluctuations of the order parameter with a short correlation length mediate a nearly isotropic scattering among the quasiparticles over the entire Fermi surface leading to strange metal behavior. If the damping of these nearly local fluctuations increases by decreasing the temperature, the Fermi liquid regime shrinks and the strange metal behavior is extended to the lowest temperatures. This Shrinking Fermi Liquid scenario has many similarities and some differences with respect to the Marginal Fermi Liquid theory. In particular, we show that the approximate scaling properties of the optical conductivity in some high-frequency regimes predicted by the Shrinking Fermi Liquid scenario account for a very good description of the experimental data. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17235849 SN - 1996-1944 VL - 17 IS - 23 PB - MDPI AG ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jolaoso, Lateef O. A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick A1 - Zemkoho, Alain B. T1 - A fresh look at nonsmooth Levenberg-Marquardt methods with applications to bilevel optimization T2 - Optimization Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/02331934.2024.2313688 VL - 2024 SP - 1 EP - 48 PB - Taylor&Francis ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bembnista, Kamil T1 - Un/Certain Borderlands: Multimodal Discourses of Border Renaissance in Polish and German Media T2 - Borders in Globalization Review N2 - Since geopolitical crises accelerate migration from warzones or places of forced cultural homogeneity, we can notice an increasing meaning of borders today in a changing society, not only in Western but also in Eastern Europe and in-between. At the same time, findings from interdisciplinary border research emphasize precarious phenomena of ‘uncertainty’ or ‘in-between-ness’ and hybridity, suggesting that borders have a ‘liminal quality’. In the emblematic case study on re/bordering at the German–Polish borderland, traits of a renaissance of the border and territorial un/certainty, mean irritation in space, cultures, and forms of belonging. In developing discursive practices in time such as symbolic and socio-spatial phenomena of demarcation, exclusion, and transformation, this report refers to empirical phenomena like the “Rosary to the border” and “LGBT-free zones” in Poland or the “Willkommenskultur” in Germany. It juxtaposes interpretive reciprocal patterns of borders, like ‘fear’ and ‘irony’ that weave a tapestry of un/certainty. These examples show how the Polish–German borderland is affected by re/bordering practices without necessarily being geographically close to it and therefore show its liminal quality. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.18357/bigr51202421523 SN - 2562-9913 VL - 5 IS - 1 SP - 125 EP - 138 PB - University of Victoria Libraries ER - TY - GEN A1 - Simon, Sylvio A1 - Yusubov, Nizami A1 - Amirli, Samir A1 - Amirov, Fariz T1 - Waterjet cutting of HARDOX-500 workpiece T2 - Russian Engineering Research N2 - The influence of the parameters of waterjet cutting on the final surface is investigated for a НARDOX-500 chromium–nickel steel workpiece (thickness 15 mm). By 2D and 3D scanning of the samples, the deviation in workpiece size and shape from the specifications is investigated as a function of the workpiece thickness and the longitudinal supply velocity. The inclination of the cut in waterjet cutting is considered. KW - НARDOX-500 steel KW - Waterjet cutting KW - Cut inclination KW - Longitudinal supply Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3103/S1068798X24702927 SN - 1068-798X VL - Vol. 44 (2024) IS - 11 SP - 1572 EP - 1576 PB - Allerton Press, Inc ER - TY - GEN A1 - Perez-Bosch Quesada, Emilio A1 - Mistroni, Alberto A1 - Jia, Ruolan A1 - Dorai Swamy Reddy, Keerthi A1 - Reichmann, Felix A1 - Castan, Helena A1 - Dueñas, Salvador A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Perez, Eduardo T1 - Forming and resistive switching of HfO₂-based RRAM devices at cryogenic temperature T2 - IEEE Electron Device Letters N2 - Reliable data storage technologies able to operate at cryogenic temperatures are critical to implement scalable quantum computers and develop deep-space exploration systems, among other applications. Their scarce availability is pushing towards the development of emerging memories that can perform such storage in a non-volatile fashion. Resistive Random-Access Memories (RRAM) have demonstrated their switching capabilities down to 4K. However, their operability at lower temperatures still remain as a challenge. In this work, we demonstrate for the first time the forming and resistive switching capabilities of CMOS-compatible RRAM devices at 1.4K. The HfO2-based devices are deployed following an array of 1-transistor-1-resistor (1T1R) cells. Their switching performance at 1.4K was also tested in the multilevel-cell (MLC) approach, storing up to 4 resistance levels per cell. KW - RRAM Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/LED.2024.3485873 SN - 0741-3106 VL - 45 IS - 12 SP - 2391 EP - 2394 PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weißhaupt, David A1 - Sürgers, Christoph A1 - Bloos, Dominik A1 - Funk, Hannes Simon A1 - Oehme, Michael A1 - Fischer, Gerda A1 - Schubert, Markus Andreas A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - van Slageren, Joris A1 - Fischer, Inga Anita A1 - Schulze, Jörg T1 - Lateral Mn5Ge3 spin-valve in contact with a high-mobility Ge two-dimensional hole gas T2 - Semiconductor Science and Technology N2 - Abstract Ge two-dimensional hole gases (2DHG) in strained modulation-doped quantum-wells represent a promising material platform for future spintronic applications due to their excellent spin transport properties and the theoretical possibility of efficient spin manipulation. Due to the continuous development of epitaxial growth recipes extreme high hole mobilities and low effective masses can be achieved, promising an efficient spin transport. Furthermore, the Ge 2DHG can be integrated in the well-established industrial complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) devices technology. However, efficient electrical spin injection into a Ge 2DHG—an essential prerequisite for the realization of spintronic devices—has not yet been demonstrated. In this work, we report the fabrication and low-temperature magnetoresistance (MR) measurements of a laterally structured Mn5Ge3/Ge 2DHG/ Mn5Ge3 device. The ferromagnetic Mn5Ge3 contacts are grown directly into the Ge quantum well by means of an interdiffusion process with a spacing of approximately 130 nm, forming a direct electrical contact between the ferromagnetic metal and the Ge 2DHG. Here, we report for the first time a clear MR signal for temperatures below 13 K possibly arising from successful spin injection into the high mobility Ge 2DHG. The results represent a step forward toward the realization of CMOS compatible spintronic devices based on a 2DHG. KW - two-dimensional hole gas Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6641/ad8d06 SN - 0268-1242 VL - 39 IS - 12 SP - 1 EP - 10 PB - IOP Publishing ER - TY - GEN A1 - Konda, Karunakar Reddy A1 - Sharma, Dikshant A1 - Mathiazhagan, Akilan T1 - Quantitative assessment of cooling methods for electrical machines in aircraft drives T2 - IEEE Access N2 - Transformation of the aviation sector towards climate-neutral solutions such as electrification is urgent. Aviation electrification requires reasoned selection of suitable technologies which has to meet strict requirements and standards. Cooling of electrical components plays a vital role in the sizing and overall performance of the electrical drive system and must achieve high effectiveness and reliability at low weight. Three cooling methods – air cooling, direct slot cooling and cooling jacket – are sized for a 300 kW commuter aircraft (CS23) all-electric propulsion system. They are further evaluated quantitatively for weight, drag, reliability and effectiveness in a conservative assessment. A lumped parameter thermal network (LPTN) approach is utilized to assess and evaluate the thermal performance of the cooling systems. The LPTN model served as the basis to determine the temperature limits and capabilities of the cooling system which are then utilized to size the auxiliary components. Reliability is assessed via fault tree analysis, drag via scoop inlet characteristics and effectiveness via the heat load dissipated per weight of the system and the required cooling power per mechanical power. Cooling jacket achieves the highest effectiveness closely followed by slot cooling. Air cooling proves to be most reliable and lightest. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3517319 SN - 2169-3536 VL - 12 SP - 192768 EP - 192785 PB - IEEE CY - New York ER - TY - GEN A1 - Trachte, Katja T1 - Recent progress in atmospheric modeling over the Andes – part II: projected changes and modeling challenges T2 - Sec. Atmospheric Science Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2024.1427837 VL - 12 (2024) SP - 1 EP - 21 PB - Frontiers in Earth Science ER - TY - GEN A1 - Trachte, Katja T1 - Recent progress in atmospheric modeling over the Andes – part I: review of atmospheric processes T2 - Atmospheric Science Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2024.1427783 VL - 12 (2024) SP - 1 EP - 23 PB - Frontiers in Earth Science ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tougma, Inès Astrid A1 - Van de Broek, Marijn A1 - Six, Johan A1 - Gaiser, Thomas A1 - Holz, Maire A1 - Zentgraf, Isabel A1 - Webber, Heidi T1 - AMPSOM: A measureable pool soil organic carbon and nitrogen model for arable cropping systems T2 - Environmental Modelling & Software N2 - Most cropping system models simulate conceptual soil organic matter (SOM) pools, such as active, passive and slow pools that cannot be measured, complicating model calibration. In reality, SOM can be described in terms of quantifiable pools of particulate organic matter (POM) and mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) which respond differently to management and climate. We present the AMPSOM model, integrated in a cropping system modelling framework (SIMPLACE). AMPSOM simulates carbon and nitrogen dynamics in MAOM and POM in response to crop growth and management, as well as soil texture, water and nitrogen content and temperature. It also simulates the radiocarbon isotope (14C) of soil organic carbon (SOC) to constrain the turnover time of slowly cycling SOC pools. Model calibration and evaluation were performed for thirty six sandy and loamy arable soils in Brandenburg, Germany. Results show that AMPSOM can reproduce observed patterns of SOC and nitrogen stocks in POM and MAOM along depth profiles across different soil types. KW - Modelling KW - Soil organic matter KW - Measurable pools KW - Particulate organic matter KW - Mineral-associated organic matter KW - Radiocarbon isotope Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2024.106291 SN - 1364-8152 VL - 185 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nóia-Júnior, Rogério de S. A1 - Martre, Pierre A1 - Deswarte, Jean-Charles A1 - Cohan, Jean-Pierre A1 - Van der Velde, Marijn A1 - Webber, Heidi A1 - Ewert, Frank A1 - Ruane, Alex C. A1 - Ben-Ari, Tamara A1 - Asseng, Senthold T1 - Past and future wheat yield losses in France’s breadbasket T2 - Field Crops Research N2 - Context or problem: In recent decades, compounding weather extremes and plant diseases have increased wheat yield variability in France, the largest wheat producer in the European Union. Objective or research question: How these extremes might affect future wheat production remains unclear. Methods: Based on department level wheat yields, disease, and climate indices from 1980 to 2019 in France, we combined an existing disease model with machine learning algorithms to estimate future grain yields. Results: This approach explains about 59% of historical yield variability. Projections from five CMIP6 climate models suggest that extreme low wheat yields, which used to occur once every 20 years, could occur every decade by the end of this century, but elevated CO2 levels might lessen these events. Conclusions: Heatwave-related yield losses are expected to double, while flooding-related yield losses will potentially decline by one third, depending on the representative concentration pathway. Ear blight disease is projected to contribute to 20% of the expected 400 kg ha-1 average yield losses by the end of the century, compared with 12% in the historical baseline period. These projections depend on the timing of anthesis, currently between late May and early June in most departments. Anthesis advancing to early May would shift losses primarily to heavy rainfall and low solar radiation. Implications or significance: French wheat production must adapt to these emerging threats, such as heat stress, which until recently had little impact but may become the primary cause of future yield losses. KW - Compounding factors KW - Extreme weather KW - Machine learning KW - Plant diseases KW - Wheat KW - Yield failure Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2024.109703 SN - 0378-4290 VL - 322 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mengsuwan, Konlavach A1 - Rivera-Palacio, Juan C. A1 - Ryo, Masahiro T1 - ChatGPT and general-purpose AI count fruits in pictures surprisingly well without programming or training T2 - Smart Agricultural Technology N2 - General-purpose artificial intelligence (AI) can facilitate agricultural digitalization as many tools do not require coding. Yet, it remains unclear how well the emerging general-purpose AI technologies can perform object counting, which is a fundamental task in agricultural digitalization, in comparison to the current standard practice. We show that ChatGPT (GPT4 V) demonstrated moderate performance in counting coffee cherries from images, while the T-Rex, foundation model for object counting, performed with high accuracy. Testing with a hundred images, we examined that ChatGPT can count cherries, and the performance improves with human feedback (R2 = 0.36 and 0.46, respectively). The T-Rex foundation model required only a few samples for training but outperformed YOLOv8, the conventional best practice model (R2 = 0.92 and 0.90, respectively). Obtaining the results with these models was 100x shorter than the conventional best practice. These results bring two surprises for deep learning users in applied domains: a foundation model can drastically save effort and achieve higher accuracy than a conventional approach, and ChatGPT can reveal a relatively good performance especially with guidance by providing some examples and feedback. No requirement for coding skills can impact education, outreach, and real-world implementation of generative AI for supporting farmers. KW - Foundation model KW - General purpose ai KW - Chatgpt KW - Large language model KW - Large vision language model KW - Agriculture Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atech.2024.100688 SN - 2772-3755 VL - 9 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Alves Amorim, Ana Paula A1 - Valverde Pontes, Karen A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Arellano-Garcia, Harvey T1 - Optimizing microgrid design and operation : a decision-making framework for residential distributed energy systems in Brazil T2 - Chemical Engineering Research and Design N2 - This paper explores the optimization of microgrid design and operation for residential distributed energy systems in Brazil, addressing the growing demand for sustainable energy in the context of climate change. A decision-making framework based on Mixed-Integer Nonlinear Programming (MINLP) is proposed to integrate distributed energy resources (DERs) such as solar, wind, and biogas. Key challenges include managing the variability of renewable resources and complying with local regulations, while also addressing gaps in literature, particularly the impact of time-dependent efficiency profiles on energy sharing within microgrids. By employing innovative analyses and clustering techniques, the research optimizes microgrid configurations, accounting for seasonal demand fluctuations and the influence of incentive policies on system feasibility. The findings reveal that incorporating a time-dependent efficiency model can reduce total costs by 45 %. This reduction underscores the importance of accurate efficiency predictions, as the model captures variations in energy generation and utilization efficiency over time, improving system optimization. Additionally, the findings reveal that a well-structured optimization model can meet 100 % of electricity and hot water demands across all scenarios, with customized incentives playing a crucial role in reducing costs and promoting sustainability. Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0263876224007123?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2024.12.033 SN - 0263-8762 VL - 214 (2025) IS - February 2025 SP - 251 EP - 268 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shafiee, Parisa A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Arellano-Garcia, Harvey T1 - Towards Machine Learning-driven Catalyst Design and Optimization of Operating Conditions for the Production of Jet Fuel Via Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis T2 - Chemical Engineering Transactions N2 - Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) offers a promising route for producing sustainable jet fuels from syngas. However, optimizing the catalyst design and operating conditions to maximize the desired C8-C16 jet fuel range is a challenging task. This study introduces the application of a machine learning (ML) framework to guide the design of Co/Fe-supported FTS catalysts and operating conditions for enhanced fuel selectivity. A comprehensive dataset was constructed with 21 input features spanning catalyst structure, preparation method, activation procedure, and FTS operating parameters. The random forest ML algorithm was evaluated for predicting CO conversion and C8-C16 selectivity using this dataset. Feature engineering identified the most significant descriptors influencing performance. A principal component analysis reduced the dataset dimensionality prior to ML modelling. The random forest algorithm achieved high prediction accuracy for the conversion of CO (R2 = 0.92) and C8-C16 selectivity (R2 = 0.90). In addition to confirming the known effects of operating conditions, key roles of Co/Fe-supported properties were elucidated. This ML framework provides a powerful tool for the rational design of FTS catalysts and operating windows to maximize jet fuel productivity Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.cetjournal.it/cet/24/114/098.pdf U6 - https://doi.org/10.3303/CET24114098 SN - 2283-9216 VL - 114 SP - 583 EP - 588 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mappas, Vasileios K. A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Heinzelmann, Norbert A1 - Arellano-Garcia, Harvey T1 - Multiphase Catalytic Reactors: a Modular Approach T2 - Chemical Engineering Transactions N2 - Currently, state-of-the-art approaches to simulating the behaviour of trickle-bed reactors (TBRs) have focused solely on methods requiring high computational time and are unable to tackle systems with a large number of particles. In this work, a modular methodology based on a Lagrangian approach to TBR modelling is presented, which overcomes these drawbacks by implementing a simulation framework where different modules are interconnected and relevant information is transferred between them. The novelty of this framework stems from its adaptable configuration and its modular and unified setup, enabling it to accommodate both local and global multiscale events. The proposed methodology includes modules for the packing generation, liquid flow simulation, and of reaction system modelling within the reactor. To illustrate the procedure, a case study is discussed while demonstrating the potential of the presented approach. The results were validated against data obtained from a purpose-built experimental setup showing good agreement. The main advantages of this approach lie in its efficiency, the interrelation between different modules, and its ability to capture a wide range of information and phenomena. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.cetjournal.it/cet/24/114/097.pdf U6 - https://doi.org/10.3303/CET24114097 SN - 2283-9216 VL - 114 SP - 577 EP - 582 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bagagnan, Abdoul Rasmane A1 - Berre, David A1 - Webber, Heidi A1 - Lairez, Juliette A1 - Sawadogo, Hamado A1 - Descheemaeker, Katrien T1 - From typology to criteria considered by farmers: what explains agroecological practice implementation in North-Sudanian Burkina Faso? T2 - Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems N2 - Cropping systems in the North-Sudanian zone of Burkina Faso face significant challenges related to poor yields, declining soil fertility and harsh climatic conditions. Together these necessitate a shift toward more sustainable farming practices. Agroecology aims to enhance yields while minimizing environmental harm through the use of ecological functions and has been promoted by researchers and farmers’ organizations as a solution. However, its implementation remains limited. This study investigated the criteria farmers consider when implementing agroecological practices at the farm level and how these criteria and their implementation are influenced by farm characteristics. Data collection methods included the serious game TAKIT, together with baseline and complementary household surveys (108 farmers each). Farm diversity was analyzed using a statistical typology. The influence of farm types, farm structural variables and the village location on (1) whether or not agroecological practices were implemented and (2) the criteria considered by farmers was explored. Four distinct farm types were identified: low resource endowed farms relying on off-farm income, low resource endowed farms relying on livestock income, medium resource endowed farms relying on agricultural and livestock income, and high resource endowed farms with diverse sources of income. There were no significant differences in the implementation of agroecological practices across farm types. Crop rotations were the most frequently implemented practice (by 91% of the study farmers), while the 2-by-2 line intercropping of sorghum-cowpea was the least implemented (9% of farmers). Implementation of zai pits varied significantly between villages, with farmers in Nagreonkoudogo more likely to use them than those in Tanvousse, due to differing soil characteristics. Farmers considered several criteria when deciding whether to implement agroecological practices, including the ability to improve yield and preserve soil. Constraints to their implementation included a lack of knowledge and their high labor requirements. These criteria did not differ across farm types, likely because they stem from shared environmental constraints or conditions. The study highlights the complexity of agroecological transitions in sub-Saharan Africa, and illustrates the need to adequately consider contextual conditions. The co-design of new practices, and the redesign of existing ones, should align with criteria considered by farmers. KW - Agroecological practices KW - Farm type diversity KW - Farmers’ criteria KW - Practice implementation KW - Sub-Saharan Africa Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2024.1386143 SN - 2571-581X VL - 8 PB - Frontiers Media SA ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schaller, Jörg A1 - Webber, Heidi A1 - Ewert, Frank A1 - Stein, Mathias A1 - Puppe, Daniel T1 - The transformation of agriculture towards a silicon improved sustainable and resilient crop production T2 - npj Sustainable Agriculture N2 - Sustainable and resilient crop production is facing many challenges. The restoration of natural reactive silicon cycles offers an opportunity to improve sustainability through reducing phosphorus fertilizer use and to increase crops’ resilience to drought stress and pests. We therefore call upon farmers, agri-food-researchers, and policymakers to pave the road for transforming agriculture to a silicon-improved sustainable crop production, which represents a promising approach to achieve food security under global change. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s44264-024-00035-z SN - 2731-9202 VL - 2 IS - 1 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kim, Yean-Uk A1 - Webber, Heidi T1 - Contrasting responses of spring and aummer potato to climate change in South Korea T2 - Potato Research N2 - This paper assessed the effects of climate change and planting date adjustment on spring and summer potato in South Korea for the period 2061–2090. The study applied the SUBSTOR-Potato model and outputs of 24 general circulation models to capture future variability in climate conditions for four shared socioeconomic pathway-representative concentration pathway scenarios. Without planting date adjustment, tuber yield was projected to increase by approximately 20% for spring and summer potato, indicating that the CO2 fertilization effect would offset the adverse effect of rising temperature. The effect of planting date adjustment was significant only for spring potato, where overall climate change impact with the optimized planting date was approximately  +60%. For spring potato, the effects of rising temperature were bidirectional: temperature increases early in the year extended the growing season, whereas the higher temperature increases in June under the most severe climate change condition accelerated leaf senescence and reduced tuber bulking rate. Based on these results, different adaptation strategies could be established for spring potato for different climate change conditions. For example, developing frost-tolerant cultivars would continue to be recommended to plant earlier under the mild climate change conditions, whereas breeding mid-late maturity cultivars with high-temperature tolerance would be needed to delay senescence and enhance late tuber growth under the severe climate change conditions. Unlike spring potato, the breeding goal for summer potato of increasing high-temperature tolerance holds across all climate change conditions. Finally, these optimistic results should be interpreted with caution as the current model does not fully capture the effect of high-temperature episodes and the interactive effect between CO2 and temperature, which may reduce beneficial projected climate change impacts. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11540-024-09691-7 SN - 0014-3065 VL - 67 IS - 4 SP - 1265 EP - 1286 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Can A1 - Su, Bo A1 - Beckmann, Michael A1 - Fang, Shiming A1 - Xiao, Yao A1 - Ma, Heng A1 - Yan, Ningyu A1 - Volk, Martin T1 - Emergy-based valuation of glacier ecosystem services: A case from the Tibetan Plateau T2 - Journal of Environmental Management Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.123966 SN - 0301-4797 VL - 374 SP - 1 EP - 13 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Panahandeh, Sara A1 - May, Daniel A1 - Grosse-Kockert, Corina A1 - Schacht, Ralph A1 - Abo Ras, Mohamad A1 - Wunderle, Bernhard T1 - Pulsed infrared thermal imaging as inline quality assessment tool T2 - Microelectronics Reliability N2 - Pulsed infrared thermography (PIRT) is a very fast and non-destructive technique for testing various types of specimens. This makes PIRT interesting for 100 %-inspections in industrial production lines. Especially for the die attach interface inspection of sintered and soldered electronic components and layer-to-layer interfaces in fiber-reinforced plastic (FRP), the industry is looking for alternatives to cost intensive X-ray methods and the time-consuming scanning acoustic microscopy (C-SAM). A big challenge to use the PIRT technology for inspections in industrial production lines is the low emissivity of the surface of the device under test (DUT). This work will present a PIRT system including a vacuum foil lamination setup to avoid the necessary spray coating of DUTs with low emissivity surfaces in failure analyses. This system can be used as inline quality assessment tool with an integrated technique to perform reliable component inspections on a wide range of different specimens. KW - Pulsed infrared thermography; Non-destructive technique; Sintered and soldered electronic components; Production line; Failure analysis Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microrel.2023.114910 SN - 0026-2714 VL - 2023 IS - Volume 142 SP - 1 EP - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schacht, Ralph A1 - Majed, Jihed Ben A1 - Grün, Tobias A1 - May, Daniel A1 - Ras, Mohamad Abo A1 - Wunderle, Bernhard T1 - Closed-loop flow boiling cooler test stand for investigations on future power package designs T2 - 2024 30th International Workshop on Thermal Investigations of ICs and Systems (THERMINIC) N2 - In this work, flow boiling heat transfer to water is investigated experimentally. Flow boiling heat transfer is a topic that is of interest for the cooling of power electronics, high performance computing in automotive applications, and other electronic packages with particularly high heat flux. To investigate cooling solutions for new electronic packages a closed-loop two-phase flow boiling cooling test stand for rapid experimental characterization and parameter variation is introduced. In order to have a proof of concept for the test stand and to demonstrate comparability with the test setups described in the literature, first, different cooler structures in the mm range are investigated, using copper heater modules driven by heater cartridges. Secondly, the integration of flow boiling cooling together with an industry-oriented electronic power package is demonstrated. A heat transfer coefficient of 24 kW/m²K (242 W/cm² at 1.5 kW on a chip area of 24.9 x 24.9 mm²) was achieved for a plain silicon chip surface at a volume flow rate of 1 l/min using dielectric water as cooling fluid. The chip temperature and the differential pressure were measured to 137 °C and 8 kPa. KW - Closed-loop two-phase flow boiling, future application-oriented flow boiling cooler concept, HPC, electronic power package, automotive Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/THERMINIC62015.2024.10732089 SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - IEEE ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wiedemann, Gregor A1 - Lamm, Tino A1 - Schacht, Ralph T1 - Transient electro-thermal characterisation at systemlevel for an Easypack-IGBT-Module – Reduced order modelling (ROM) and junction temperature evaluation based on the onstate resistance T2 - 2024 30th International Workshop on Thermal Investigations of ICs and Systems (THERMINIC) N2 - This paper presents an approach for the creation of SPICE behavioral models for an IGBT and the reverse diode on a datasheet basis which explicitly describes the transient electro-thermal behavior with a closed function expression using the example of the Infineon FS25R12W1T7 IGBT module. The rapid convergence achieved in this way results in considerably shorter calculation times for an overall simulation at system level compared to an IGBT model consisting of several components (MOSFET, BJT). The validation of the simulation results is carried out in a drive application in order to obtain realistic conditions. The applied method for junction temperature estimation is based on a thermosensitive electrical parameter (TSEP) and extends the online VCEsat(T) measurement method. The onstate resistance is used as the TSEP, which on the one hand leads to a universal measurement method, but on the one hand also to a nonlinearity between temperature and TSEP on the other – Ron(T, VGE, IC). With the help of an algorithm, that has stored the calibration data in functions and applies an optimized multi-stage curve fitting, the back calculation and thus the determination of the junction temperature is made possible. KW - condition monitoring, health monitoring, insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), junction temperature estimation, thermo-sensitive electrical parameter (TSEP), multistate fitting, SPICE Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/THERMINIC62015.2024.10732700 SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - IEEE ER - TY - GEN A1 - El Khatib, O. A1 - Pham, R.D. A1 - Hütter, G. A1 - Henkel, S. A1 - Zybell, L. A1 - Morgeneyer, T.F. A1 - Biermann, H. A1 - Kiefer, B. T1 - Experimental and numerical investigations on the influence of crack-tip constraint on the ductile fracture behavior in nodular cast iron T2 - Engineering Fracture Mechanics N2 - When determining static fracture mechanics parameters, specimens are typically designed to maximize crack-tip constraint and consequently induce high stress triaxiality at the crack front. This is often achieved using deeply cracked bending specimens with side grooves. The crack resistance curves evaluated from such specimens represent a lower bound, enabling a conservative and reliable assessment of cracks in components. Depending on the geometry of the component and the crack configuration being evaluated, these bounds can be, however, overly conservative. Numerous studies over the past 30 years have investigated the influence of crack-tip constraint on the crack resistance behavior of steels, aiming to incorporate these effects into the evaluation of components. In contrast, there is a significant lack of corresponding data for nodular cast iron, a material widely used in mechanical engineering. This work aims to address this gap by presenting an experimental program complemented by numerical simulations. Single-edge bending SE(B) specimens with varying crack depths and side-groove configurations, as well as middle-cracked tension M(T) specimens are tested. Additionally, some specimens are tested in-situ using synchrotron-radiation computed laminography (SRCL) to gain insights into the processes occurring in the fracture process zone (FPZ). This work also evaluates the applicability of a non-local version of the Gurson–Tvergaard–Needleman (GTN) ductile damage model for predicting the effects of constraint. Correlations between fracture values and constraint-parameters, such as the -stress, -parameter and stress triaxiality are derived. Finally, an empirical relation is proposed to account for the loss of crack-tip constraint in the engineering assessment of cracks in components made of ductile cast iron. KW - Nodular cast iron KW - Crack-tip constraint KW - Ductile failure KW - GTN-model KW - J–R-curves KW - In-situ testing KW - Synchrotron-radiation computed laminography (SRCL) Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2024.110773 SN - 0013-7944 VL - 315 SP - 1 EP - 21 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fellah, Mamoun A1 - Bouchareb, Nabila A1 - Hezil, Naouel A1 - Merah, Neçar A1 - Alashkar, Yasser A1 - Imran, Mohd A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Electrochemical analysis of mechanically alloyed Ti50%-Ni50% alloy for bone implants use T2 - Journal of Alloys and Compounds N2 - The corrosion resistance of an implant material is an essential element of its biocompatibility. This research focuses on studying the effect of grinding/milling time on the corrosion behavior of the mechanically alloyed Ti50 %-Ni50 % (at%) alloy, for bone implant use, at varying milling times of 2, 6, 12, and 18 h. The powder particles' size, shape, and homogeneous chemical content were examined employing scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The alloyed particles' structural characteristics were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Moreover, the characterization of the electrochemical properties was performed utilizing open-circuit potential (OCP) measurement, the Potentiodynamic Polarization (PD), and the Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) technique. Electrochemical tests were conducted in physiological mediums simulating the human body: Hank's solution. The results revealed that; as the grinding time increased the crystallite size reduced from 57 nm to 29 nm, whereas the lattice parameters increased slightly from 3.18 to 3.22 Å, while the microstrain increased from 0.32 % to 0.99 %. Moreover, the hardness and Young's Modulus increased by about 70 and 16 %, respectively with milling period going from 2 to 18 h. The findings of the electrochemical test demonstrated that as milling progressed, corrosion resistance increased. The evolution of OCP curves as a function of the duration of immersions indicated that OCP increased with the duration of immersion up to 2500 s; this is due to a stable passive layer that has formed on the samples' surface. The results of potentiodynamic polarization curves revealed that both corrosion current density (icorr) and corrosion rate (CR) decreased reaching a value of 3.6945E-07 A/cm2 and 0.0074722 mm/year, respectively, at longer milling time (18 h). While, corrosion potential (Ecorr) increased from −0.51255 V/SCE to −0.29997 V/SCE with increasing grinding time. Additionally, the EIS data indicated that the resistance of the passive film increased with increasing milling times. The samples of Ti50-Ni50 produced at longer milling time exhibited excellent corrosion resistance due to the formation of a stable passive film which makes them useful for bone implants. KW - Ti-Ni alloys KW - Biomaterials KW - Mechanical alloying KW - Nanomaterial KW - Corrosion behavior KW - Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2024.178046 SN - 1873-4669 IS - 1010 SP - 1 EP - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Alontseva, Darya A1 - Safarova (Yantsen), Yuliya A1 - Voinarovych, Sergii A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Yamanoglu, Ridvan A1 - Khoshnaw, Fuad A1 - Nessipbekova, Assem A1 - Syzdykova, Aizhan A1 - Yavuz, Hasan Ismail A1 - Kaliuzhnyi, Sergii A1 - Krasavin, Alexander A1 - Azamatov, Bagdat A1 - Khozhanov, Alexandr A1 - Olzhayev, Farkhad A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Microplasma-Sprayed Titanium and Hydroxyapatite Coatings on Ti6Al4V Alloy: in vitro Biocompatibility and Corrosion Resistance: Part I T2 - Johnson Matthey Technology Review N2 - This two-part paper investigates the bioactivity and mechanical properties of coatings applied to Ti6Al4V, a common titanium alloy used in endoprosthetic implants. Coatings made from hydroxyapatite (HA) powder and commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti) wires were applied using microplasma spraying. The study focuses on the responses of rat mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which are essential for bone healing, to these coatings. Part I shows how adjusting the microplasma spraying process allows coatings with varying porosity and surface roughness to be achieved. KW - Endoprosthesis implants KW - Biocompatible coatings KW - Porosity KW - Surface roughness KW - In vitro test KW - Elastic modulus Y1 - 2025 UR - https://technology.matthey.com/content/journals/10.1595/205651325X17201903387613 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1595/205651325X17201903387613 VL - 69 IS - 1 SP - 45 EP - 58 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Guaraco, Jorge Mario Monsalve A1 - Langa, Sergiu A1 - Stolz, Michael A1 - Mrosk, Andreas A1 - Kaiser, Bert A1 - Schenk, Harald T1 - Design of micromachines under uncertainty with the sample-average approximation method T2 - Journal of Advanced Mechanical Design, Systems, and Manufacturing Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1299/jamdsm.2024jamdsm0018 SN - 1881-3054 VL - 18 (2024) IS - 2 PB - Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers ER - TY - GEN A1 - Villasmunta, Francesco A1 - Steglich, Patrick A1 - Villringer, Claus A1 - Schrader, Sigurd A1 - Schenk, Harald A1 - Mai, Andreas A1 - Regehly, Martin ED - Schröder, Henning ED - Chen, Ray T. T1 - Design, fabrication, and characterization of integrated optical through-silicon waveguides for 3D photonic interconnections T2 - Optical Interconnects XXIV Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3003146 PB - SPIE ER - TY - GEN A1 - Alontseva, Darya A1 - Safarova (Yantsen), Yuliya A1 - Voinarovych, Sergii A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Yamanoglu, Ridvan A1 - Khoshnaw, Fuad A1 - Nessipbekova, Assem A1 - Syzdykova, Aizhan A1 - Yavuz, Hasan Ismail A1 - Kaliuzhnyi, Sergii A1 - Krasavin, Alexander A1 - Azamatov, Bagdat A1 - Khozhanov, Alexandr A1 - Olzhayev, Farkhad A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Microplasma-sprayed titanium and hydroxyapatite coatings on Ti6Al4V alloy: in vitro biocompatibility and corrosion resistance : part II coatings enhance cell proliferation, corrosion resistance and implant integration T2 - Johnson Matthey Technology Review N2 - Part II presents the results which show that HA coatings significantly enhance MSC proliferation by 13% compared to the titanium alloy base, while titanium coatings also exhibit an 11% increase. Porosity inversely affects CP-Ti’s elasticity. Coatings with lower porosity demonstrate better corrosion resistance. HA coatings promote osteogenic activity and angiogenesis, which is crucial for implant integration. KW - Endoprosthesis implants KW - Biocompatible coatings KW - Porosity KW - Surface roughness KW - In vitro test KW - Elastic modulus Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1595/205651325X17290035905758 SN - 2056-5135 VL - 69 (2025) IS - 1 SP - 59 EP - 75 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rim, Imen A1 - Hezil, Naouel A1 - Fellah, Mamoun A1 - Saoudi, Adel A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - El-Hiti, Gamal A. T1 - Enhancing kaolin performance through organic molecule modification and assessing its efficiency for lead and copper adsorption T2 - Environmental Technology & Innovation N2 - The research aimed to enhance the efficacy of kaolin in water treatment by incorporating diphenylamine (DPA) and to evaluate its effectiveness in adsorbing lead and copper in wastewater in comparison to natural kaolin (Nat-kaolin). This entailed modifying kaolin with DPA to create DPA-kaolin and conducting comprehensive characterization utilizing a range of techniques, including X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersion X-ray (EDX), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis. The results demonstrated the successful modification of DPA, as evidenced by an increase in BET-specific surface area of about 25 % (from 66.69 m².g−1 to 71.35 m².g−1), indicating enhanced adsorption capacity. XRD analysis confirmed the composition of the samples, while TGA/DTA indicated changes in water adsorption and dehydroxylation. SEM and EDX illustrated the tubular nature of the clay with a decrease in the amount of Al, about 10.76 %, and the amount of Si, about 10.38 %, on the DPA-kaolin. Notably, the FTIR spectrum of DPA-kaolin showed the presence of new vibration bands at 1248 cm−1, indicating the presence of DPA. In terms of adsorption, the DPA-kaolin exhibited significantly higher maximum adsorption capacities for Pb(II) and Cu(II) compared to the nat-kaolin, with values of 151 µmol/g and 134 µmol/g, respectively.These values were significantly higher than those observed for Nat-kaolin, which demonstrated adsorption capacities of 103 µmol/g for Pb(II) and 91 µmol/g for Cu(II). The adsorption kinetics indicated that the pseudo-second-order kinetic model described the sorption mechanism for both Pb(II) and Cu(II). This was evidenced by the values of R², which were 0.999 and 0.996, respectively. The study provides clear evidence that DPA-kaolin is more effective than Nat-kaolin in removing lead (Pb(II)) and copper (Cu(II)) from wastewater. Through rigorous experimentation, it was observed that DPA-kaolin exhibited notably enhanced adsorption capabilities for both Pb(II) and Cu(II) compared to Nat-kaolin. These findings serve to emphasize the practical importance and potential utility of the modification, offering promising prospects for the development of more efficient wastewater treatment methodologies. KW - Kaolin clay KW - Water treatment KW - DPA-Kaolin KW - Chemical treatment KW - Adsorption KW - Isotherms Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2024.103904 SN - 2352-1864 VL - 36 IS - November 22024 SP - 1 EP - 19 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Eichenseer, Patrick A1 - Winkler, Herwig T1 - Predicting picking and workforce planning for internal shopfloor material logistics – a simulative, data-driven forecasting model T2 - Journal of Modelling in Management N2 - Purpose With increasing demands for competitiveness, demand fulfilment and cost efficiency, the need to optimise workforce planning in logistics has become crucial. This applies not only to external customer demands, but also to internal customers, i.e. production. For this reason, the purpose of this paper is to develop a simulative, data-driven model that predicts the internal shopfloor material logistics demands. Design/methodology/approach It is a hybrid approach that includes both deterministic and probabilistic components and is an alternative to advanced but data and knowledge-dependent machine learning algorithms. Inductive, self-developed procedures, heuristic calculation rules and consideration of real-world factors form the basis of the prediction of the number of picks. The number of picks predicted in the first step forms the basis for deriving the number of employees required in the second step, and thus the basis for optimised workforce planning. The developed approach was then validated in a case study in a real company. Findings The results show that the model significantly optimises not only the planning efficiency, but also the forecasting effectiveness through better decision making in demand prediction and workforce planning in internal shopfloor material logistics compared to the status quo on a weekly basis (95.5% accuracy in the case study). This improved decision making leads to increased efficiency throughout the intralogistics/production system. Originality/value A structured approach is described for systematically predicting the number of internal picks, which is highly relevant in practice and cannot be found in the existing literature (from the data model to the calculation rules, including statistical influencing factors, to the prediction). In terms of future research, the model has the potential to be used and validated in additional companies. KW - Data KW - Logistics KW - Workforce planning KW - Forecast KW - Picking KW - Shopfloor Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1108/jm2-09-2024-0288 SN - 1746-5664 VL - 2024 PB - Emerald ER - TY - GEN A1 - Eichenseer, Patrick A1 - Hans, Lukas A1 - Winkler, Herwig T1 - A data-driven machine learning model for forecasting delivery positions in logistics for workforce planning T2 - Supply Chain Analytics N2 - Workforce planning in logistics is a major challenge due to increasing demands and a dynamic environment. The number of delivery positions is a key factor in determining staffing requirements. This is often predicted subjectively based on employee assessments. To improve decision making and increase both the efficiency of this important forecasting process and the use of resources in the production system, i.e. shopfloor logistics, a data-driven machine learning model with a forecasting horizon of 5 working days was developed and validated in a practical case study in a company. The results show that the novel and specifically developed model outperforms both the manual forecasting approach in practice and auto machine learning models in terms of accuracy. The outperformance is particularly strong in the short term. Based on the predicted delivery positions, an optimised workforce planning was subsequently carried out in the case study company. Limitations of the model include the fact that it was validated in only one company and that the number of picks may need to be derived for more accurate scheduling. These two aspects also represent potential for future research. KW - Delivery Positions KW - Forecasting KW - Logistics KW - Workforce Planning KW - Machine Learning KW - Picks Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sca.2024.100099 SN - 2949-8635 VL - 9 (2025) PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Somhorst, Joop A1 - Oevermann, Michael T1 - Effects of thermal barrier coating porosity on combustion and heat losses in a light duty diesel engine T2 - International Journal of Engine Research N2 - Plasma sprayed thermal barrier coatings (TBCs), applied in internal combustion engines, can have a profound impact on the apparent rate of heat release. Upon fuel jet contact with the piston wall, the heat loss seems to increase compared to an uncoated piston and combustion appears delayed. Permeable porosity of plasma sprayed TBCs is identified as one of the possible causes for this unwanted effect. In this article the impact of open porosity and sealing of the TBC surface are investigated with single cylinder engine experiments and with simulations. Based on the results, a mechanism is presented to explain the observations. KW - Thermal barrier coating KW - Porosity KW - Insulation KW - Combustion engine KW - Crevice effect KW - Heat transfer KW - Fuel entrainment Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/14680874231215526 SN - 1468-0874 VL - 25 (2024) IS - 5 SP - 940 EP - 958 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sztorch, Bogna A1 - Romanczuk-Ruszuk, Eliza A1 - Głowacka, Julia A1 - Kustosz, Magdalena A1 - Osiecki, Tomasz A1 - Jakubowska, Paulina A1 - Seidlitz, Holger A1 - Przekop, Robert E. T1 - Improving the processing and mechanical properties of 3D printable biocomposite based on polylactide, sediment rock, and natural beeswax T2 - Polymer Bulletin N2 - Polylactide is a material often used in additive techniques. Due to poor mechanical properties, there is a constant search for additives, fillers, and modifiers that could improve these properties. Natural fillers and additives are promising compounds because they can improve the properties of the composite and at the same time are environmentally friendly. This work concerns the first-time modification of PLA using the Opoka sedimentary rock, modified with natural beeswax and commercially available wax. The addition of sedimentary rock caused the natural color of the obtained fibers, and it was found that the Opoka addition has a positive effect on the processing and printing parameters, allowing for a significant reduction in the operating temperature and the extrusion and printing speed, as well as better interlayer adhesion and adhesion to the printer bed, which is particularly important in the case of 3D printing. The obtained materials were characterized by a higher degree of crystallinity, and better mechanical and surface parameters (significantly higher contact angles and hydrophobic properties). KW - PLA KW - Sediment rock KW - Opoka KW - FDM KW - Waxes KW - 3D Printing Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-024-05614-1 SN - 0170-0839 VL - 2024 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jung, E.M. A1 - Kaiser, U. A1 - Herr, W. A1 - Stroszczynski, C. A1 - Jung, F. T1 - Novel high-resolution contrast agent ultrasound techniques HiFR CEUS and SR CEUSin combination with shear wave elastography, fat assessment and viscosity of liver parenchymal changes and tumors T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - Abstract. BACKGROUND: The continuous development of ultrasound techniques increasingly enables better description and visu alization of unclear lesions. New ultrasound systems must be evaluated with regard to all these diagnostic possibilities. METHODS:Amultifrequency C1-7 convex probe (SC7-1M) with the new high-end system Resona A20 Series was used moderntechnologies, includingHiFRCEUS, SRCEUSandmultimodaltissueimaging withs hearwaveelastography(SWE), fat evaluation and viscosity measurements (M-Ref) were applied. RESULTS:Ofn=70(meanvalue 48,3 years±20,3 years, range 18–84 years) cases examined, a definitive diagnosis could be made in n=67 cases, confirmed by reference imaging and/or follow-up. Of these, n=22 cases were malignant changes (HCC (hepatocellular carcinoma) n=9, CCC (cholangiocellular carcinoma) n=3, metastases of colorectal carcinomas or recurrences of HCC n=10). In all 12 cases of HCC or CCC, the elastography measurements using the shear wave technique (with values >2m/s to 3.7m/s) showed mean values of 2.3±0.31m/s and a degree of fibrosis of F2 to F4. In n=14 cases, changes in the fat measurement (range 0.51 to 0.72dB/cm/MHz, mean values 0.58±0.12dB/cm/MHz) in the sense of proportional fatty changes in the liver were detected. In the 4 cases of localized fat distribution disorders, the values were >0.7dB/cm/MHz in the sense of significant fatty deposits in the remaining liver tissue. Relevant changes in the viscosity measurements with values >1.8kPa were found in n=31 cases, in n=5 cases of cystic lesions with partially sclerosing cholangitis, in n=13 cases of malignant lesions and in n=9 cases post-interventionally, but also in n=4 cases of benign foci with additional systemic inflammation. CONCLUSIONS:The results are promising and show a new quality of ultrasound-based liver diagnostics. However, there is a need for further investigations with regard to the individual aspects, preferably on a multi-center basis. KW - Multimodal liver tissue imaging (M-Ref) KW - UMA KW - HiFR CEUS KW - SR CEUS KW - Elastography KW - Fat evaluation KW - Viscosity Y1 - 2024 UR - https://content.iospress.com/download/clinical-hemorheology-and-microcirculation/ch249103?id=clinical-hemorheology-and-microcirculation%2Fch249103 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-249103 VL - 86 (2024) SP - 263 EP - 273 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Javakhishvili, I A1 - Sanikidze, T A1 - Mardaleishvili, K A1 - Momtselidze, N A1 - Urdulashvili, T A1 - Mantskava, M A1 - Prantl, L A1 - Jung, F T1 - Finding possible diagnostic markers for differentiating benign and malignant thyroid tumors on example investigate of rheological properties T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - BACKGROUND: The functioning of the thyroid gland is a multi-component process that in some conditions may undergo alterations. The thyroid gland is part of the endocrine system that produces the iodine-containing hormones thyroxine and triiodothyronine. Thyroid hormones, control metabolism and energy, growth processes, maturation of tissues and organs, regulation of blood flow, and, therefore, providing vital functions of the body. The role of thyroid hormones in the regulation of blood flow is determined by the intensity of their production and the quantity in the blood. Presumably, in case of oncological and non-oncological diseases of the thyroid gland, the fluidity of the blood, which depends on the rheological properties, will be different. OBJECTIVE: Our aim was investigating rheological characteristics for studying of changes of rheology in patients with thyrotoxicosis, with benign tumor pathology of the thyroid gland, with thyroid cancer and finding possible diagnostic markers for differentiating benign and malignant thyroid tumors METHODS: In this regard, we examined, using modern methods accepted in clinical practice, a standard list of recommended diagnostic tests in the group of patients (thyrotoxicosis: n = 25; benign tumor: n = 47), thyroid cancer: n = 35) and control group (n = 15), and with new original methods, parameters that describe the rheological properties of the blood, such as blood rheological index, volume, thickness, surface area of erythrocytes, erythrocyte aggregation index, deformation index, plasma viscosity, hematocrits. RESULTS: Against the background of relative changes in the studied values, it is necessary to pay attention to the fact that erythrocyte aggregation in patients with a benign form and control, as well as in patients with a malignant form and control, differ significantly from each other, in addition, there is a significant difference between aggregation in the group of patients with benign and control aggregation. malignant forms of the disease. It is significant that aggregability differs in patients with thyrotoxicosis and in controls. This indicates that erythrocyte aggregation is particularly informative. The blood rheological index most clearly demonstrated the difference between benign and malignant forms of the disease. Significantly changed compared to control in various forms of thyroid diseases. CONCLUSION: Additional diagnostic markers for differentiating benign and malignant thyroid tumors may be consideredeerythrocyte aggregation index and blood rheological index. KW - Thyroid gland KW - Rheology KW - Oncology Y1 - 2024 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/clinical-hemorheology-and-microcirculation/ch249102 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-249102 VL - 87 (2024) IS - 4 SP - 515 EP - 526 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bagherzadeh-Rahmani, B A1 - Marzetti, E A1 - Karami, E A1 - Campbell, BI A1 - Fakourian, A A1 - Haghighi, AH A1 - Mousavi, SH A1 - Heinrich, KM A1 - Brazzi, L A1 - Jung, F A1 - Baker, JS A1 - Patel, DI T1 - Tirzepatide and exercise training in obesity T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 6 weeks of resistance training (RT) combined with aerobic training (AT) and Tirzepatide supplementation on lipid profiles, insulin resistance, anthropometric characteristics and physical fitness in prediabetic obese soldiers. METHODS: 61 obese men were randomly divided into six groups: Placebo; Tirzepatide 5 mg (T5); Tirzepatide 2.5 mg (T2.5); Hypertrophy, Strength, Power-Circuit Training+Placebo (Ex+P); Hypertrophy, Strength, Power-Circuit Training+Tirzepatide 5 mg (Ex+T5); Hypertrophy, Strength, Power-Circuit Training+Tirzepatide 2.5 mg (Ex+T2.5). All training groups performed aerobic training (AT) after resistance training. Subjects trained for six weeks, three sessions per week. Before and after the intervention period, the participants were evaluated for anthropometric measures, body composition [body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist to hip ratio (WHR) and fat mass (FM)], cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max), and muscle strength (chest press 1RM and leg press 1RM). Blood biochemistry evaluations included triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), fasting blood glucose (FBG), insulin level and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). To evaluate the differences between the groups, ANCOVA statistical method was used along with Bonferroni’s post hoc test, and the significance level was P < 0.05. RESULTS: Body weight, BMI, WC, FM, FBG, LDL-C, TC, TG and HOMA-IR were significantly decreased in Ex+P, Ex+T5 and Ex+T2.5 groups compared to Placebo, T5 and T2.5 groups. WHR significantly decreased in Ex+P, Ex+T5 and Ex+T2.5 groups compared to Placebo group. HDL-C, chest press and leg press significantly increased in Ex+P, Ex+T5 and Ex+T2.5 groups compared to Placebo, T5 and T2.5 groups. VO2max significantly increased and insulin significantly decreased in Ex+P group compared to Placebo, T5 and T2.5 groups. FM, FBG and TG were significantly decreased in both the T2.5 and T5 groups compared to Placebo group. HOMA-IR, LDL-C and TC significantly decreased in the T5 group compared to Placebo group. Also, leg press significantly increased in Ex+P group compared to all other groups. CONCLUSIONS: Performing six weeks of combined resistance and aerobic training in the form of RT+AT alone is more effective than the simultaneous use of Tirzepatide on cardiorespiratory fitness, strength, and modulating insulin levels. Taking Tirzepatide in doses of 5 mg and 2.5 mg in combination with exercise training did not have a significant advantage over exercise training alone. Finally, taking Tirzepatide in doses of 5 mg or 2.5 mg in combination with exercise training is not significantly superior to each other. KW - Obesity KW - Combined training KW - GIP KW - GLP-1 KW - Tirzepatide Y1 - 2024 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/clinical-hemorheology-and-microcirculation/ch242134 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-242134 VL - 87 (2024) IS - 4 SP - 465 EP - 480 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rink, M A1 - Künzel, J A1 - Strosczynski, C A1 - Jung, F A1 - Jung, EM T1 - Smart scanning: automatic detection of superficially located lymph nodes using ultrasound – initial results T2 - Fortschr Röntgenstr Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der Röntgenstrahlen und der bildgebenden Verfahren N2 - Purpose Over the last few years, there has been an increasing focus on integrating artificial intelligence (AI) into existing imaging systems. This also applies to ultrasound. There are already applications for thyroid and breast lesions that enable AI-assisted sonography directly on the device. However, this is not yet the case for lymph nodes. Materials and Methods The aim was to test whether already established programs for AI-assisted sonography of breast lesions and thyroid nodules are also suitable for identifying and measuring superficial lymph nodes. For this purpose, the two programs were used as a supplement to routine ultrasound examinations of superficial lymph nodes. The accuracy of detection by AI was then evaluated using a previously defined score. If available, a comparison was made with cross-sectional imaging. Results The programs that were used are able to adequately detect lymph nodes in the majority of cases (78.6%). Problems were caused in particular by a high proportion of echo-rich fat, blurred differentiation from the surrounding tissues and the occurrence of lymph node conglomerates. The available cross-sectional images did not contradict the classification of the lesion as a lymph node in any case. Conclusion In the majority of cases, the tested programs are already able to detect and measure superficial lymph nodes. Further improvement can be expected through specific training of the software. Further developments and studies are required to assess risk of malignancy. KW - Artificial intelligence KW - Ultrasound KW - Multimodal ultrasound KW - Lymphatic KW - Lymph node ultrasound KW - Technical aspects Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.thieme-connect.com/products/ejournals/pdf/10.1055/a-2331-0951.pdf U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2331-0951 VL - 2024 SP - 1 EP - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gogilashvili, N A1 - Tsinamdzgvrishvili, B A1 - Momtselidze, N A1 - Jung, F A1 - Prantl, L A1 - Urdulashvili, T A1 - Mantskava, M T1 - Study of some components of the influence and formation of blood flow in patients with “slow flow” T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - BACKGROUND: “Slow flow” is one very important concept in modern fundamental and clinical biomedicine. Slow coronary flow is indicative of delayed filling of the terminal coronary artery vessels, occurring in the absence of significant coronary stenosis. This group patient of patients exhibits a high incidence of disability and represents a significant financial and material burden for the state and the healthcare system in general. OBJECTIVE: The primary objective of our study was to examine patients with slow coronary flow. METHODS: We studied the standard parameters recommended by the international health care system (electrocardiography (by Medica QRS-12, Germany), through the electrical activity of a patient’s heart by the electrical impulses (beating) of the heart; HC1(Germany); coagulogramma by Coatron M1 (Germany), troponin by AQT 90 (Germany); general blood test we used automatic human counting device HC1(Germany). Also, we investigate the original parameters (non-standard parameters, which we use in this pilot study) that we were first studied for this diagnosis and non-standard parameters. RESULTS: A general blood test showed that patients with slow flow had a higher blood leukocyte count than the control group, but the amount of hemoglobin was normal, the hematocrit was much higher than in the control group, and the platelet count was close to the lower limit of clinical standards. We obtained details of blood flow by coagulation situation, such as prothrombin time, prothrombin index, international normalized ratio, activated partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time, fibrinogen, and rheological properties such as index of erythrocyte aggregability, index of erythrocyte deformability, plasma viscosity, in silico blood rheological index. CONCLUSSION: Blood flow can be considered as a superposition of vortices with similar frequencies and wave vectors that change after bifurcations or other obstacles in the vascular network. These factors together determine the conditions for structuring the flow of moving blood. Disruption or alteration of these factors results in slow flow. It has been found that the speed of blood flow in the coronary arteries depends on changes in the number and function of red blood cells. Slow flow is directly influenced by the aggregation and deformation of red blood cells, their number, and plasma viscosity. Consequently, the rheological status plays a crucial role in determining blood flow and its velocity. KW - Slow flow KW - Aggregation KW - Deformation KW - Coagulation/anticoagulation KW - In silico blood rheological index KW - Plasma viscosity Y1 - 2024 UR - https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/epub/10.3233/CH-249104 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-249104 VL - 88 (2024) IS - 3 SP - 325 EP - 336 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kordi, N A1 - Saydi, A A1 - Azimi, M A1 - Mazdarani, F A1 - Gadruni, K A1 - Jung, F A1 - Karami, S T1 - Cuproptosis and physical training T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - Copper is an essential element in the human body, involved in many physiological and metabolic functions, including coagulation, oxidative metabolism, and hormone production. The maintenance of copper homeostasis within cells is a complex procedure that is intrinsically controlled by a multitude of intricate mechanisms. Disorders of copper homeostasis encompass a wide range of pathological conditions, including degenerative neurological diseases, metabolic disorders, cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, and tumors. Cuproptosis, a recently identified non-apoptotic mode of cell death mode, is characterized by copper dependence and the regulation of mitochondrial respiration. Cuproptosis represents a novel form of cell death distinct from the previously described modes, including apoptosis, necrosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis. Excess copper has been shown to induce cuproptosis by stimulating protein toxic stress responses via copper-dependent abnormal oligomerization of lipoylation proteins within the tricarboxyli KW - Copper KW - Exercise KW - Cell death KW - Physical activity KW - Cuproptosis Y1 - 2024 UR - https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/epub/10.3233/CH-242329 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-242329 VL - 88 (2024) IS - 3 SP - 337 EP - 350 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Saydi, A A1 - Behpoor, N A1 - Khamis Abadi, F A1 - Jung, F A1 - Kordi, N T1 - Modulation of pulmonary oxidative status in methamphetamine-withdrawn rats, comparing the effects of continuous training and NBS superfood supplementation T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the effects of six weeks of continuous training and Nutrition Bio-shield (NBS) Superfood Supplementation on the state of oxidative stress by the expression of Nrf2, NOX4, superoxide dismutase, and malondialdehyde genes in the lungs of rats after methamphetamine withdrawal. METHODS: Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups (n = 8, per group), undergoing methamphetamine administration (six weeks, 5 mg/kg ip, and once per day) followed by a 21-day withdrawal period. The rats were supplemented NBS superfood at a dosage of 25 g/kg per day for six weeks. The training protocol was 30 minutes of daily continuous training (treadmill running), five days a week for six weeks. The regimen escalated from a pace of 3 m/min for the initial 5 minutes, to 5 m/min for the following 5 minutes, culminating at 8 m/min for the remainder of the session, all at a 0° incline. A one-way analysis of variance was performed to analyze the gene expression of Nrf2, NOX4, MDA, and SOD in the lungs tissue of rats. RESULTS: The results indicated that, in the experimental groups which underwent continuous training and NBS Superfood supplementation, the expression of the Nrf2 gene exhibited a significant elevation compared to the control group (P < 0.05), while the NOX4, MDA, and SOD genes expression exhibited a significant decline in comparison to the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: In general, both exercise interventions and NBS superfood supplementation, when employed separately or in combination after methamphetamine withdrawal, can enhance the state of oxidative stress in the lung. KW - Nrf2 KW - NOX4 KW - MDA KW - SOD KW - Lung KW - Nutrition Bio-shield Y1 - 2024 UR - https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/epub/10.3233/CH-242306 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-242306 VL - 88 (2024) IS - 3 SP - 373 EP - 384 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kordi, N A1 - Sanaei, M A1 - Akraminia, P A1 - Yavari, S A1 - Saydi, A A1 - Abadi, FK A1 - Heydari, N A1 - Jung, F A1 - Karami, S T1 - PANoptosis and cardiovascular disease: The preventive role of exercise training T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - Regulated cell death, including pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis, is vital for the body’s defense system. Recent research suggests that these three types of cell death are interconnected, giving rise to a new concept called PANoptosis. PANoptosis has been linked to various diseases, making it crucial to comprehend its mechanism for effective treatments. PANoptosis is controlled by upstream receptors and molecular signals, which form polymeric complexes known as PANoptosomes. Cell death combines necroptosis, apoptosis, and pyroptosis and cannot be fully explained by any of these processes alone. Understanding pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis is essential for understanding PANoptosis. Physical exercise has been shown to suppress pyroptotic, apoptotic, and necroptotic signaling pathways by reducing inflammatory factors, proapoptotic factors, and necroptotic factors such as caspases and TNF-alpha. This ultimately leads to a decrease in cardiac structural remodeling. The beneficial effects of exercise on cardiovascular health may be attributed to its ability to inhibit these cell death pathways. KW - PANoptosis KW - Pyroptosis KW - Apoptosis KW - Necroptosis KW - Activity KW - Training Y1 - 2024 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/clinical-hemorheology-and-microcirculation/ch242396 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-242396 VL - 88 (2024) IS - 4 SP - 499 EP - 512 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Galich, Anton A1 - Eisenmann, Christine A1 - Köhler, Katja T1 - A data fusion approach for providing valid annual passenger transport statistics during the COVID-19 pandemic T2 - European Transport Research Review N2 - The global outbreak of the COVID19 pandemic dramatically changed people’s life’s and their travel behavior in 2020. Consequently, capturing these changes accurately and providing valid annual transport statistics constitutes a tremendous challenge all over the world. Against this background and the lack of a single comprehensive source of data revealing the ground truth, we present a data fusion approach to provide valid annual transportation statistics for Germany during the COVID19 pandemic. Therefore, we adapted our existing model approach at generating annual, national statistics for Germany on passenger transport. Unlike in the existing model, we do not model the whole year as one, but divide the year into pandemic stages in order to model passenger transport demand as adequately as possible within each stage. Three travel surveys capturing the altered travel behavior in the different stages of the pandemic were used in order to adapt our passenger kilometers travelled (PKT) model, which bases on a cross-sectional national household travel survey which in many countries serves as the data basis for providing annual transportation statistics.The main results show a decline in the overall number of trips in 2020 in Germany of around a quarter and around a third less kilometers travelled compared to 2019. These changes in travel behavior differ considerably between different modes of transport, trip purpose and the different stages of the pandemic in 2020. The results produced were validated on the basis of other studies and further sources of data such as floating car data and automated count stations for bicycle traffic and ensure reliable passenger transport statistics in the years of the COVID19 pandemic. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12544-024-00703-8 SN - 1866-8887 VL - 17 IS - 1 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jung, EM A1 - Pleyer, L A1 - Dropco, I A1 - Kaiser, U A1 - Yi, D A1 - Stroszczynski, C A1 - Jung, F T1 - Dynamic Contrast Ultrasound Diagnostics (CEUS) of Liver Lesions and Post-treatment Control with A New High-resolution Examination Technique (HiFR) and Perfusion T2 - Journal of Gastrointestinal & Liver Diseases N2 - Background & Aims: To evaluate, if high frame rate (HiFR) contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and external perfusion analysis (VueBox®)can give answers on liver tumour diagnostics. Methods: A multifrequency probe (C1-6 /Resona R9) and 1-2.4 ml ultrasound contrast medium were used for CEUS up to 5-6 min. Independent analysis of DICOM-CINE files was performed, correlated to follow-up, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, or histopathology. Results: In 110 patients the difference between marginal peak enhancement (PE) of malignant and benign leasions was significant. In the peripheral area, the AUCs were lower in malignant lesions (144.8±139.3) than in benign lesions (123.6±119.8). The mean transit time (mTT) was shorter in malignant lesions in the center. In the liver parenchyma, however, the mTT was significantly longer in malignant lesions (141.6±107.9s) than in benign lesions (128.8±138.6 s). The rise time (RT) was significantly shorter central (66.5±30.9s) and peripheral (72.8±35.1s) in malignant lesions than in benign lesions (114.33±159.58s). The wash in rate (WiR) in benign lesions was 848.3±2,563.7 rU in the center. Wash-out rate (WoR) in the center, peripheral and in the liver parenchyma showed a significantly lower wash-out in the malignant lesions. Conclusions: HiFR CEUS with perfusion analysis enables the assessment of focal, diffuse and postinterventional liver changes. KW - Ultrasound contrast media KW - Magnetic resonance imaging KW - Contrast-enhanced ultrasound KW - Liver analysis KW - Perfusion Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.15403/jgld-5589 VL - 33 IS - 3 SP - 362 EP - 371 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bouras, Dikra A1 - Fellah, Mamoun A1 - Barille, Regis A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Ikbal, Amjad A1 - Avramov, Pavel V. A1 - El-Hiti, Gamal A. T1 - Multiple layers, porous surface, and their role in increasing the efficiency of photocatalytic coating on (DD3, DD3+ZrO2) ceramics and glass T2 - Ceramics International N2 - Magnesium-doped zinc oxide thin films were dip-coated onto porous ceramic and glass substrates under identical conditions (50 layers, same doping ratio). Structural, morphological, and photocatalytic properties were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), UV–visible spectrophotometry, and confocal microscopy. XRD analysis indicated a shift in peak positions towards higher angles, increased grain size, and lattice distortion on both substrates. Unique flower-shaped crystalline granulates were observed exclusively on the ceramic substrate (DD3Z). The energy gap decreased on the ceramic and increased on the glass substrate. The photocatalytic activity was evaluated using an aqueous orange II solution, showing significantly higher decomposition (80 ± 0.53 % after 6 h) on the ceramic compared to the glass substrate (30 %). The enhanced performance on ceramic substrates, particularly with DD3+ZrO2, was attributed to increased microporosity, surface roughness, and active material incorporation, facilitating greater photocatalytic efficiency. The findings suggest promising applications of these materials for efficient and cost-effective photocatalysis, with potential for reuse after thermal treatment at 500 °C. KW - Magnesium oxide KW - Magnesium-doped zinc oxide/DD3+zirconium oxide KW - Magnesium-doped zinc oxide/glass KW - Degradation capacity KW - Nanotechnology KW - Nanocomposites Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.08.239 SN - 1873-3956 VL - 50 IS - 21, C SP - 43854 EP - 43873 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fellah, Mamoun A1 - Hezil, Naouel A1 - Bouras, Dikra A1 - Habeeb, Majeed Ali A1 - Hamadi, Fouzia A1 - Bouchareb, Nabila A1 - Laouini, Salah Eddine A1 - Larios, Alejandro Perez A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - El-Hiti, Gamal A. T1 - Microstructural and photocatalytic properties of nanostructured near-β Ti-Nb-Zr alloy for total hip prosthesis use T2 - Kuwait Journal of Science N2 - With its unique corrosion resistance, light weight, mechanical strength, and biocompatibility, TNZ is a versatile metal alloy that is used in the aerospace and medical industries. The current study aims to investigate the effect of milling time (2, 12, 24, and 36 h) on the nanostructured ternary alloy Ti-25Nb-25Zr (TNZ) prepared by high energy ball milling, a process involving the use of a high-energy ball mill to mix and grind the alloy powders, on its structural, physical, and photocatalytic characterizations. The alloys' characteristics, such as morphology, structural properties, relative density/porosity, surface roughness, hardness, and Young's modulus, were evaluated using SEM, XRD, surface profilometer, and microdurometer, respectively. The photocatalytic characterization was conducted by measuring their absorbance as a function of time using a spectrophotometer of visible and ultraviolet light in the wavelength range of 250–650 nm. Results showed that the crystallite and mean pore size reduced with increasing milling time, with the smallest values of 25 nm and 34 μm, respectively, after 36 h. This indicates that longer milling times result in a more compact and uniform structure, which could enhance the mechanical properties of the alloy. Structural characterization shows that the amount of the β-Ti phase increased with increasing milling time, resulting in the spherical morphology and texturing of the synthesized alloys. The milled alloys' structural evolution and morphological changes were sensitive to their milling times. Also, the relative density, Young's modulus, and hardness increased, reaching values of 89 %, 105 GPa, and 352 HV, respectively, due to grain size decreasing with increasing milling time. This suggests that longer milling times lead to a denser and harder alloy, which could be beneficial for its use in total hip prostheses. The photocatalytical characterization demonstrated that the degradation of orange II (OII) increased with increasing milling time. The Ti-25Nb-25Zr catalyst gave the best degree of degradation, which meant that the decolorization process could be operated rapidly and at a relatively low cost without UV irradiation. KW - Ti-25Nb-25Zr alloy KW - Biomaterial alloys KW - Total hip replacement KW - Photocatalytic KW - Biocompatibility KW - Artificial bone KW - Orthopedic implants Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100276 SN - 2307-4116 VL - 51 IS - 4 SP - 1 EP - 12 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bouras, Dikra A1 - Fellah, Mamoun A1 - Barille, Regis A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - El-Hiti, Gamal A. T1 - Production of novel Zr–Mg nanoceramics based on kaolinite clay with strong antibacterial activity T2 - Ceramics International N2 - Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas putida, Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus were utilized as test samples to evaluate the antibacterial characteristics of DD3-clay/MgO and DD3+38 wt% ZrO2-clay/MgO nanoparticles. The ceramic powders prepared by a thermal autoclave method are characterized before and after Mg addition by SEM, EDX, XRD, IR, UV–visible, and TEM in order to investigate microstructure, phase, and surface morphology. The results showed that after adding Mg, it led to the deformation of the crystal lattices of (mullite, zirconium silicate, and zirconium oxide) together with a decrease in particle size (75–103 nm) and a complete change in its shape from nanotube to nanospherical, as observed by SEM and TEM analyses. It also confirmed by UV–visible spectroscopy that the addition of Mg increases the absorbance accompanying a decrease in the energy gap of 1.91, 1.74, 1.73, and 1.43 eV corresponding to DD3, DD3Z, DD3/30 wt% Mg and DD3Z/30 wt% Mg respectively. The antibacterial mechanism is related to the size of the particles, the solvent used for powder dissolution, the nanoparticle's size when they come into touch with bacteria, and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS: ˙O2−, ˙OH, and H2O2). It was observed that the anti-bacterial activity is enhanced with 10 wt% and 30 wt% of Mg added to a modified ceramic powder. Also, more O2− is formed on the surface of the prepared powder, which penetrates the bacterial cell and destroys it. The nanocomposite particles showed remarkable antibacterial activity when they were dissolved in DMSO compared to methanol and chloroform as organic solvents. The aim is to enrich knowledge on the antibacterial activities of metal nanoparticles (ZrSiO4 and MgO) on three bacterial strains with different Grams due to their extensive involvement in the phenomena of contamination and infection encountered in the medical field. The synthesized nanoparticles have good antimicrobial activity against all strains tested. A maximum inhibition zone of 35 ± 0.2 mm was obtained with S. aureus, a zone of 23 ± 0.46 mm with P. putida and a zone of 27 ± 0.46 nm with B. subtilis for DD3/30 wt% Mg and an inhibition zone of 38 ± 0.93 mm, 26 ± 0.24 nm and 17 ± 0.33 nm was obtained with same strains for DD3Z/30 wt% Mg, respectively. KW - DD3 + 38 wt% ZrO2/Mg KW - Nanoparticles KW - Synthesis KW - Antibacterial activity KW - Transmission electron microscope KW - Nanomaterial Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.05.091 SN - 1873-3956 VL - 50 IS - 16 SP - 27949 EP - 27960 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sellam, Manel A1 - Azizi, Soulef A1 - Bouras, Dikra A1 - Fellah, Mamoun A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - El-Hiti, Gamal A. T1 - Degradation of rhodamine B dye under visible and solar light on zinc oxide and nickel-doped zinc oxide thin films T2 - Optical Materials N2 - The kinetic investigation of rhodamine B dye's photocatalytic degradation, chosen as a model pollutant, was conducted at room temperature using Zinc oxide (ZnO) and nickel-doped zinc oxide (Zn0.97Ni0.03O) photocatalysts synthesized through the spray pyrolysis method. XRD analysis confirmed the formation of hexagonal ZnO and Zn0.97Ni0.03O films, with crystallite sizes ranging from 19 to 29 nm and varying in mean average grain size from 72 nm to 88 nm. The surface morphology of the Ni-doped ZnO films was influenced by nickel doping, observed through SEM and TEM micrographs, revealing a dense structure of spherical-shaped crystals. Light transmission and optical band gap energy of the films ranged between specified values, ranging from 3.27 to 3.24 eV. The degradation process was assessed under various conditions, including different light sources (UV lamp and solar irradiation), pH levels, and substrate concentrations. Degradation followed a pseudo-first-order kinetic model, with rate constants (k) and half-life times (t1/2) calculated accordingly. The degradation efficiency of undoped ZnO and ZnO doped with nickel decreased with increasing concentration under UV irradiation from (0.1–0.5 M) under UV irradiation decreased from (34.29–45.02) (49.61–56.61), while under visible light are (40–45.07 %) (58.46–60.24 %), removal rates ranged within specific percentages. The porous Zn0.97Ni0.03O synthesized at 0.5 M exhibited the highest photocatalytic efficiency due to its enhanced crystallinity, resulting in degradation rates of 9.22 and 11.22 × 10−3 min−1 and half-life times of 75.18 and 61.77 min at 90 min specified for both UV and solar light irradiations, respectively. Acidification of the reaction medium accelerated the photocatalytic degradation kinetics, while alkalization slowed it down. These findings mark a significant advancement in the utilization of oxide semiconductors for water pollutant degradation under natural sunlight. KW - Zn0.97Ni0.01O KW - Rhodamine B KW - Heterogeneous photocatalysis KW - Solar irradiation Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optmat.2024.115316 SN - 1873-1252 VL - 151 (2024) SP - 1 EP - 17 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lamann, Arian A1 - Winkler, Herwig A1 - Lange, Hans-Rüdiger A1 - Abdelkafi, Nizar T1 - Identification and analysis of barriers in co-innovation projects in the manufacturing and energy industry T2 - Procedia CIRP N2 - Innovation is critical to a company’s growth in today’s competitive environment. Co-innovation projects, where companies pool resources, represent a promising way to achieve this goal. This study, based on a focus group of industry experts from the manufacturing and energy sectors, aims to identify the challenges of such collaborations and propose suitable solutions. The study relies on the innovation phase model and identifies several obstacles such as short technology lifecycles, data management overload, and organizational shortcomings in co-innovation projects. Effective management, communication and intellectual property (IP) can be a significant challenge in co-innovation projects, particularly due to uncertainties surrounding the release of sensitive data and inadequate contractual support. Uncoordinated communication can also result in project delays or failure. Furthermore, the absence of access protocols for online applications presents risks such as unauthorized access and document change tracking issues, further complicating complex engineering projects. Despite the availability of digital providers, many of them still require physical platforms for efficient innovation projects due to insufficient support for e.g., data management and caused by communication limitations. In conclusion, this study emphasizes the urgent need for research on co-innovation projects and recommends a collaborative framework to address the complexities triggered by this kind of projects and increase collaboration effectiveness. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2024.10.248 SN - 2212-8271 VL - 130 (2024) SP - 1334 EP - 1339 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bouchareb, Nabila A1 - Fellah, Mamoun A1 - Hezil, Naouel A1 - Hamadi, Fouzia A1 - Montagne, Alex A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Yadav, Krishna Kumar A1 - El-Hiti, Gamal A. T1 - Effect of milling time on structural, physical and photocatalytical properties of Ti-Ni alloy for biomedical applications T2 - The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology N2 - Ti-Ni shape memory alloys (SMA) are used extensively in the field of orthopedics owing to their unique physical and mechanical features, excellent corrosion resistance, and good biocompatibility in the human body environment. This study aims to investigate how milling time affects the characteristics of Ti-Ni alloys which were synthesized with equal atomic percentages by using a high-energy ball milling type (Planetary Micro Mill Pulverisette P7, Fritsch GmbH, Germany) under varying milling periods (2, 6, 12, and 18 h). The duration of the grinding process refines the grain and diminishes the material's porosity, improving the material's physical and structural characteristics as well as its photocatalytic activity. The milled powders of Ti50-Ni50 alloys underwent characterization employing scanning electron microscopy (SEM) associated with an energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and spectrophotometery of visible and ultraviolet light (UV–VIS) to measure the solution absorbance of methylene blue (MB). The results revealed that the milling process influences the particle size and shape of powders, where the proportion of fine particles increased with increasing grinding times from 2 to 18 h due to severe deformation and fracturing. The crystallite size was reduced, and the microstrain increased, attaining values of 29 nm and 0.99%, respectively. In addition, the pores of samples were decreased to 10 nm at higher milling times. Furthermore, solutions of MB containing powders of Ti50-Ni50 milled at 18 h exhibited good photocatalytic activity with a degradation rate value of 93.23% after 60 min of irradiation time because of a greater surface area. The improved properties of Ti50-Ni50 alloys make them clinically useful for biomedical implantation in humans. Plus, they are considered to be effective materials for photocatalytic applications. KW - Ti-Ni shape memory alloys KW - Milling time KW - Structural evaluation KW - Nanostructure KW - Biomedical implant KW - Photocatalytic activity Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-024-13207-5 SN - 1433-3015 VL - 131 (2024) SP - 3539 EP - 3553 PB - Springer ER - TY - GEN A1 - Belgroune, Ahlam A1 - Aissani, Linda A1 - Alhussein, Akram A1 - Zaabat, Mourad A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Rtimi, Sami T1 - In Vitro Corrosion and Wear Investigation of Multifunctional TiAlMoN Sputtered Coatings on Cold-Sprayed SS316L T2 - ACS Applied Engineering Materials N2 - Although TiAlN has been thoroughly studied, there is still an ongoing demand for developing new-based TiAlN films with enhanced protection efficiency for a long lifetime and high load-bearing capability linked to friction and corrosion mechanisms. This work aims to present the effect of Mo content by studying the structural tribo-mechanical, wettability, and corrosion behaviors in TiAlMoN coatings deposited by magnetron sputtering on cold-sprayed stainless steel 316L substrates. TiAlMoN coatings showed a dense columnar structure with the coexistence of titanium and molybdenum nitrides, and TiN (200) preferred orientation changed to TiN(111) with increasing Mo content. The surface energy of the TiAlMoN coatings decreased gradually with the increase in Mo content. The TiAlMoN coating containing 16.09 atom % Mo possesses the highest hardness and Young’s modulus (29.5 and 334.5 GPa, respectively) and the maximum H/E and H3/E2 of 0.092 and 0.237, respectively. Formations of tribolayer oxides reduced the friction and enhanced the wear resistance of TiAlMoN coatings in atmospheric conditions and reached the minimum values of 0.3 and 0.849 × 10–6 mm3/N, respectively, at 16.09 atom % of Mo under 5 N load charge. Corrosion examination in simulated seawater revealed that TiAlMoN coating-coated SS316L exhibited a significant positive shift of about −16 mV in corrosion potential with a notable reduction in corrosion current density (1.41 nA/cm2), confirming the improved corrosion performance. The combination of both cold spray and magnetron sputtering techniques for producing this kind of component is shown to have great potential in processing applications. KW - Magnetron sputtering KW - Cold spray KW - TiAlMoN coating KW - Wettability KW - Tribo-mechanical properties KW - Corrosion resistance Y1 - 2024 UR - https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsaenm.3c00672 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaenm.3c00672 SN - 2771-9545 VL - 2 IS - 2 SP - 345 EP - 359 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Beaudoin, Antoine T1 - L’évolution du théâtre de masse en plein air sous le Troisième Reich: l’exemple de la scène de Bad Segeberg T2 - Trajectoires Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4000/trajectoires.2004 VL - 10 (2016) PB - CIERA ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hess, Alexander J. A1 - von Werder, Dina A1 - Harrison, Olivia K. A1 - Heinzle, Jakob A1 - Stephan, Klaas Enno T1 - Refining the allostatic self-efficacy theory of fatigue and depression using causal inference T2 - Entropy N2 - Allostatic self-efficacy (ASE) represents a computational theory of fatigue and depression. In brief, it postulates that (i) fatigue is a feeling state triggered by a metacognitive diagnosis of loss of control over bodily states (persistently elevated interoceptive surprise); and that (ii) generalization of low self-efficacy beliefs beyond bodily control induces depression. Here, we converted ASE theory into a structural causal model (SCM). This allowed identification of empirically testable hypotheses regarding causal relationships between the variables of interest. Applying conditional independence tests to questionnaire data from healthy volunteers, we sought to identify contradictions to the proposed SCM. Moreover, we estimated two causal effects proposed by ASE theory using three different methods. Our analyses identified specific aspects of the proposed SCM that were inconsistent with the available data. This enabled formulation of an updated SCM that can be tested against future data. Second, we confirmed the predicted negative average causal effect from metacognition of allostatic control to fatigue across all three different methods of estimation. Our study represents an initial attempt to refine and formalize ASE theory using methods from causal inference. Our results confirm key predictions from ASE theory but also suggest revisions which require empirical verification in future studies. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/e26121127 SN - 1099-4300 VL - 26 (2024) IS - 12 SP - 1 EP - 18 PB - MDPI AG ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kuhnimhof, Tobias A1 - Köhler, Katja A1 - Eisenmann, Christine A1 - Kunert, Uwe A1 - Radke, Sabine T1 - Data fusion to compensate for insufficient survey coverage : example of the german national PKT-Model T2 - Transportation Research Procedia N2 - This paper presents a data fusion approach combining German National Travel Survey data with aggregate transport indicators such as passenger counts in order to generate annual passenger kilometers travelled (PKT) for the German National Transport Statistics. To cover all travel adequately, the model combines two MiD data sets (a 24-hour-trip diary and an overnight journey questionnaire) and includes a multidimensional weighting process in order to comply with official tertiary data (e.g. official passenger counts, VKT). The data set offers countless data analysis options and shows how insufficient survey data can be updated and upgraded. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2023.12.071 SN - 2352-1465 VL - 76 (2024) SP - 491 EP - 504 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Witkabel, Philipp A1 - Abendroth, Christian T1 - A systematic literature review of microbial anammox consortia in UASB/ EGSB-reactors T2 - Chemosphere N2 - Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) poses an emerging research field as it can outstand previous processes of biological wastewater treatment in terms of efficiency and costs. Anammox bacteria have the ability to metabolise NH4+ and NO2- to produce N2 under anaerobic conditions. Despite numerous studies, there is a lack of research on the co-occurrence and interrelationship of the predominant microbes that inhabit anammox-related processes. This systematic literature review follows the PSALSAR approach to assess metagenomic data on anammox bacteria and functional microbes in upstream reactors. Essential information on the physiology, metabolic pathways and inhibitory effects of anammox bacteria are reviewed and functional bacteria such as ammonia-oxidising bacteria (AOB), nitrite-oxidising bacteria (NOB), ammonia-oxidising Archaea (AOA) and denitrifying bacteria are identified. Candidatus Kuenenia and Candidatus Brocadia were the most frequently sequenced genera in the observed literature. Pseudomonadota, Chloroflexota and Bacteroidota were prevalent regardless of crucial operational parameters and configurations that affect the microbial community. Interrelationship analysis revealed a positive association between the versatility of a phylum's metabolism and its presence in the observed wastewater treatment literature. Several groups, such as Calditrichota, Myxococcota and Deinococcota are highly underrepresented, a finding that should be investigated in more detail. No evidence was found to suggest that high anammox ratios are correlated with high nitrogen removal efficiencies, as some studies found high efficiency despite low anammox abundance (<1%). Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143630 SN - 0045-6535 VL - 367 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kordi, Negin A1 - Saydi, Ali A1 - Karami, Sajad A1 - Bagherzadeh-Rahmani, Behnam A1 - Marzetti, Emanuele A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Stockwell, Brent R. T1 - Ferroptosis and aerobic training in ageing T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - Ferroptosis is a form of programmed cell death that plays a significant role in causing several diseases such as heart attack and heart failure, through alterations in fat, amino acid, and iron metabolism. Comprehending the regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis signaling is critical because it has a considerable effect on the elderly’s mortality. Conversely, age-related changes in substrate metabolism and metabolite levels are recognized to give rise to obesity. Furthermore, research has proposed that aging and obesity-related changes in substrate metabolism may aggravate ferroptosis. The suppression of ferroptosis holds potential as a successful therapeutic approach for managing different diseases, including sarcopenia, cardiovascular diseases, and central nervous system diseases. However, the pathologic and biological mechanisms behind the function of ferroptosis are not fully comprehended yet. Physical activity could affect lipid, amino acid, and iron metabolism to modulate ferroptosis. The aim of this study is to showcase the current understanding of the molecular mechanisms leading to ferroptosis and discuss the role of aging and physical activity in this phenomenon. KW - Aerobic training KW - Elderly KW - Iron metabolism KW - Amino acid metabolism KW - Lipid metabolism Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-232076 VL - 87 (2024) IS - 3 SP - 347 EP - 366 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jung, Friedrich T1 - History of the cutaneous microcirculation from antiquity to modern times T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - This review spans a wide arc from the first observations of the early anatomists to the present day. William Harvey was the first to describe the heart as the centre of the large and small circulatory system. He thus replaced the previously valid system of Galenos, It was Marcello Malpighi who first described that the capillary system connects the arteries with the veins. In 1688 Antoni van Leeuwenhoek (1632–1686) confirmed these results with a paper on capillary perfusion in the caudal fin of the glass eel. It was then Hermann Boerhave (1668–1738, Leiden) who was the first to carry out microcirculation tests on patients. He studied the microcirculation in the human bulbar conjunctiva. Even today, microcirculation studies in the conjunctiva bulbi of patients are carried out today. Until 1831, it was never quite clear whether the observations reported belonged mainly to the field of microcirculation, which had not yet been defined. This was done in Great Britain by Marshall Hall (1790–1857). Technical Improvements allowed increasingly sophisticated studies of the morphological structure of the terminal vasculature. According to Gustav Ricker (1870–1948, Vienna), the terminal vasculature comprises the functional unit of the smallest arteries, arterioles, capillaries and venules. In 1921 it was still thought that the blood circulation was the sole response to the pumping action of the heart. Even the classic work by Bayliss on the myogenic hypothesis (later referred to as “blood flow autoregulation”) initially received little attention. More strikingly, even the findings of August Krogh, for which he received the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1920 (for his discovery of the mechanisms of capillary motor regulation), were ignored. During an outstanding autoregulation symposium held in 1963 a broad consensus was reached on active and passive mechanisms, which is more or less valid till today. The mechanisms of regulation of capillary blood flow are now largely understood, although not completely resolved. The development of video systems with recording capability and automated off-line recording of capillary erythrocyte velocities allowed the application of morphological and dynamic studies of cutaneous capillaries in humans. These reopened the field of physiological or pathophysiological questions again for many groups worldwide. Since 1955, many publications on “microcirculation (5423)” and “capillary microscopy (2195)” have been listed in pubmed. KW - Human KW - Cutaneous KW - Capillary circulation KW - Microcirculation Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-248001 VL - 86 (2024) IS - 1-2 SP - 29 EP - 50 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mantskava, M A1 - Chkhitauri, L A1 - Shekiladze, E A1 - Tskhvediani, N A1 - Kalmakhelidze, S A1 - Momtselidze, N A1 - Prantl, L A1 - Jung, F A1 - Machalinski, B A1 - Wojciech, P A1 - Sanikidze, T T1 - Impact of different severity hyperglycemia on erythrocyte rheological properties T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - BACKGROUND: The triad “insulin resistance, prediabetes, diabetes” is three independent neologies with characteristic features and development. In addition, each are characterized by progression and the possibility of transition from one form to other. Due to the fact that diabetes is one of the common diseases associated with high rates of disability, it is necessary to improve diagnostic methods and educational regimens for successful prevention and treatment of the disease. OBJECTIVE: We investigated Band 3 protein (B3p) level, osmotic resistance of erythrocytes, the total antioxidant activity (TAA) of blood serum, level of HbA1 in group patients with insulin resistance (IR), prediabetes, and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and comparative with health control group. METHODS: We used original, accurate research methods that measure the essence of the studied quantities. RESULTS: Disruptions of glucose and insulin homeostasis ay lead to the initiation of oxidative stress (in our study demonstrated by a decrea KW - Hyperglycemia KW - Erythrocyte KW - Band 3 protein KW - Oxidative stress KW - Osmotic resistance Y1 - 2024 UR - https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/epub/10.3233/CH-239104 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-239104 VL - 87 (2024) IS - 2 SP - 271 EP - 281 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Frost, Fabian A1 - Weiss, Stefan A1 - Hertel, Johannes A1 - Rühlemann, Malte A1 - Bang, Corinna A1 - Franke, Andre A1 - Nauck, Matthias A1 - Dörr, Marcus A1 - Völzke, Henry A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Völker, Uwe A1 - Homuth, Georg A1 - Aghdassi, Ali A. A1 - Sendler, Matthias A1 - Lerch, Markus M. A1 - Weiss, Frank U. T1 - Fecal glycoprotein 2 is a marker of gut microbiota dysbiosis and systemic inflammation T2 - Gut Pathogens N2 - Background autoantigenic glycoprotein 2 (GP2) is an important component of the innate immune system which originates from the exocrine pancreas as well as from the small intestines. The relationship of GP2 with the intestinal microbiome as well as the systemic implications of increased fecal GP2 levels are, however, still unclear. Therefore, fecal samples from 2,812 individuals of the Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP) were collected to determine GP2 levels (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and gut microbiota profiles (16 S rRNA gene sequencing). These data were correlated and associated with highly standardised and comprehensive phenotypic data of the study participants. Results Fecal GP2 levels were increased in individuals with higher body mass index and smokers, whereas lower levels were found in case of preserved exocrine pancreatic function, female sex or a healthier diet. Moreover, higher GP2 levels were associated with increased serum levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, loss of gut microbial diversity and an increase of potentially detrimental bacteria (Streptococcus, Haemophilus, Clostridium XIVa, or Collinsella). At the same time, predicted microbial pathways for the biosynthesis of beneficial short-chain fatty acids or lactic acid were depleted in individuals with high fecal GP2. Of note, GP2 exhibited a stronger association to overall microbiome variation than calprotectin. Conclusion Fecal GP2 is a biomarker of gut microbiota dysbiosis and associated with increased systemic inflammation. The intestines may be more important as origin for GP2 than pancreatic acinar cells. Future studies need to investigate the potential clinical value in disease specific patient cohorts. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s13099-024-00657-1 SN - 1757-4749 VL - 16 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 11 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sidorczuk, Katarzyna A1 - Burdukiewicz, Michał A1 - Cerk, Klara A1 - Fritscher, Joachim A1 - Kingsley, Robert A. A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Hildebrand, Falk A1 - Kolenda, Rafał T1 - AdhesiomeR: a tool for Escherichia coli adhesin classification and analysis T2 - BMC Genomics N2 - AbstractAdhesins are crucial factors in the virulence of bacterial pathogens such as Escherichia coli. However, to date no resources have been dedicated to the detailed analysis of E. coli adhesins. Here, we provide adhesiomeR software that enables characterization of the complete adhesin repertoire, termed the adhesiome. AdhesiomeR incorporates the most comprehensive database of E. coli adhesins and facilitates an extensive analysis of adhesiome. We demonstrate that adhesiomeR achieves 98% accuracy when compared with experimental analyses. Based on analysis of 15,000 E. coli genomes, we define novel adhesiome profiles and clusters, providing a nomenclature for a unified comparison of E. coli adhesiomes. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-024-10525-6 SN - 1471-2164 VL - 25 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 10 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kittl, Sonja A1 - Frey, Caroline F. A1 - Brodard, Isabelle A1 - Scalisi, Nadia A1 - Vargas Amado, Maria Elena A1 - Thomann, Andreas A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Jores, Joerg T1 - Zoonotic bacterial and parasitic intestinal pathogens in foxes, raccoons and other predators from eastern Germany T2 - Environmental Microbiology Reports N2 - AbstractIn this study, we investigated faecal specimens from legally hunted and road‐killed red foxes, raccoons, raccoon dogs, badgers and martens in Germany for parasites and selected zoonotic bacteria. We found that Baylisascaris procyonis, a zoonotic parasite of raccoons, had spread to northeastern Germany, an area previously presumed to be free of this parasite. We detected various pathogenic bacterial species from the genera Listeria, Clostridium (including baratii), Yersinia and Salmonella, which were analysed using whole‐genome sequencing. One isolate of Yersinia enterocolitica contained a virulence plasmid. The Salmonella Cholerasuis isolate encoded an aminoglycoside resistance gene and a parC point mutation, conferring resistance to ciprofloxacin. We also found tetracycline resistance genes in Paeniclostridium sordellii and Clostridium baratii. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the isolates were polyclonal, indicating the absence of specific wildlife‐adapted clones. Predators, which scavenge from various sources including human settlements, acquire and spread zoonotic pathogens. Therefore, their role should not be overlooked in the One Health context. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-2229.13261 SN - 1758-2229 VL - 16 IS - 3 SP - 1 EP - 7 PB - Wiley ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kuhnert, Peter A1 - Brodard, Isabelle A1 - Ackermann, Stefanie A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Jores, Joerg A1 - Heliyon, J. T1 - Serological and molecular detection as well as typing of Leptospira spp. in foxes, raccoons, and other wild carnivores in North-Eastern Germany, 2021–2022 T2 - Heliyon Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23268 SN - 2405-8440 VL - 10 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 6 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jung, EM A1 - Wiesinger, I A1 - Kaiser, U A1 - Jung, F T1 - Initial experiences with dynamic, quality indicator-based multimodal tissue analysis (M-Ref) with parallel assessment of viscosity and shear wave elastography in liver parenchyma alterations T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Modern ultrasound technology enables detailed tissue morphology analysis. A novel approach involves measuring viscoelasticity or viscosity. This pilot study investigates the potential of a novel high-end ultrasound system with dynamic quality indicators and the M-Ref tool. METHODS: Using a novel premium high-end ultrasound system (Resona A20/Mindray), comparative investigations were conducted on 52 patients, evaluating B-mode morphology, shear wave tissue elastography (STE), and viscosity (STVi) of the liver parenchyma. The study utilized a cohort of 25 healthy volunteers as a control group. The examinations were performed intercostally using a multifrequency convex probe SC7-1U (1–7 MHz) and breath-hold technique, ensuring that at least the highest or second-highest score in the dynamic quality control (5 stars) was achieved. Measurements were made in a color-coded region with a maximum 2 cm diameter and a depth of no more than 2 cm, avoiding bile ducts or blood vessels, at a depth up 2 cm from the liver capsule. RESULTS: A minimum of 10 measurements were taken for each parameter: liver steatosis (based on acoustic attenuation coefficient, USAT), viscosity (STVi), and shear wave elastography (STE) with correlation to fibrosis grade. Reference values for the control group were <1.4 m/s and <5 kPa for STE, with cirrhosis criteria defined as values >2.6 m/s and >15 kPa. For steatosis, values up to 0.5 dB/cm/MHz were considered normal, while values >0.8 dB/cm/MHz indicated fatty liver. Viscosity values <1.7 Pa.s were deemed normal, with >3.6 Pa.s indicating significant abnormality. Major causes of increased viscosity included severe steatosis, active hepatitis, hepatic tumors, or post-ablative states. In all cases, a high-quality indicator score (>93%) was achieved with at least 4/5 top reference markers in green. CONCLUSIONS: This pilot study confirms the comprehensive capabilities of multimodal imaging for tissue characterization using B-mode, elastography, and new techniques for assessing viscoelasticity. However, extensive multicenter evaluations will be needed to definitively establish reference values specific to the type of transducer and equipment used. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/clinical-hemorheology-and-microcirculation/ch248111 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-248111 VL - 88 IS - 4 SP - 419 EP - 427 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Chilimoniuk, Jarosław A1 - Erol, Anna A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Burdukiewicz, Michał T1 - Challenges and opportunities in processing NanoString nCounter data T2 - Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csbj.2024.04.061 SN - 2001-0370 VL - 23 SP - 1951 EP - 1958 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lopens, Steffi A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Krause, Jenny A1 - Piaszczyński, Michał A1 - Król, Robert A1 - Staroń, Robert A1 - Krupa, Łukasz A1 - Gutkowski, Krzysztof A1 - Kruk, Beata A1 - Grąt, Michał A1 - Krawczyk, Marek A1 - Patkowski, Waldemar A1 - Glaser, Fabian A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Grossmann, Kai A1 - Pająk, Jacek A1 - Milkiewicz, Piotr A1 - Lammert, Frank A1 - Zieniewicz, Krzysztof A1 - Schramm, Christoph A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Krawczyk, Marcin T1 - Antimicrobial glycoprotein 2 (GP2) in gallstones, bile fluid and peribiliary glands of patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis T2 - Clinica Chimica Acta Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2024.119841 SN - 0009-8981 VL - 562 SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Geithe, Christiane A1 - Zeng, Bo A1 - Schmidt, Carsten A1 - Dinter, Franziska A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Lehmann, Werner A1 - Dame, Gregory A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Hanack, Katja A1 - Rödiger, Stefan T1 - A multiplex microchamber diffusion assay for the antibody-based detection of microRNAs on randomly ordered microbeads T2 - Biosensors and Bioelectronics: X Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosx.2024.100484 SN - 2590-1370 VL - 18 (2024) SP - 1 EP - 7 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Förster, Benjamin A1 - Langendörfer, Peter A1 - Hinze, Thomas T1 - Determining Distributions of Security Means for WSNs Based on the Model of a Neighborhood Watch T2 - IEEE Access Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3404816 SN - 2169-3536 VL - 12 SP - 74343 EP - 74366 PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mykytyn, Pavlo A1 - Brzozowski, Marcin A1 - Dyka, Zoya A1 - Langendoerfer, Peter T1 - A Survey on sensor- and communication-based issues of autonomous UAVs T2 - Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.32604/cmes.2023.029075 SN - 1526-1506 VL - 138 IS - 2 SP - 1019 EP - 1050 PB - Tech Science Press ER - TY - GEN A1 - Florian, Tobias A1 - Schricker, Klaus A1 - Zenz, Constantin A1 - Otto, Andreas A1 - Schmidt, Leander A1 - Diegel, Christian A1 - Friedmann, Hannes A1 - Seibold, Marc A1 - Hellwig, Peter A1 - Fröhlich, Fabian A1 - Nagel, Falk A1 - Kallage, Peter A1 - Buttazzoni, Michele A1 - Rack, Alexander A1 - Requardt, Herwig A1 - Chen, Yunhui A1 - Bergmann, Jean Pierre T1 - Combining in situ synchrotron X-ray imaging and multiphysics simulation to reveal pore formation dynamics in laser welding of copper T2 - International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture N2 - Laser beam welding has emerged as a powerful tool for manufacturing copper components in electrical vehicles, electronic devices or energy storage, owing to its rapid processing capabilities. Nonetheless, the material’s high thermal conductivity and low absorption of infrared light can introduce process instabilities, resulting in defects such as pores. This study employs a hybrid approach that combines in situ synchrotron X-ray imaging with compressible multiphysics process simulation to elucidate pore-forming mechanisms during laser beam welding of copper. High-speed synchrotron X-ray imaging with an acquisition rate of 20,000 images/second facilitates the identification of relevant process regimes concerning pore formation during laser beam welding of copper with a wavelength of 1070 nm. Furthermore, in situ observations with high temporal and spatial resolution present a unique database for extensive validation of a multi-physics process simulation based on welding processes using different concentric intensity distributions. These validated simulation results enable thorough comprehension of process-related pore formation based on the interaction between keyhole, melt pool and resulting flow field. The findings show that pore formation is driven by four different mechanisms: bulging, spiking, upwelling waves at the keyhole rear wall and melt pool ejections. The synergy of high- speed synchrotron X-ray imaging and multi-physics modeling provides a fundamental understanding of the chronological sequence of events leading to process-related pore formation during laser beam welding of copper. KW - In situ high-speed synchrotron X-ray imaging KW - Multi-physics simulation KW - Laser beam welding KW - Copper KW - Pore formation KW - Concentric intensity distributions Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2024.104224 SN - 0890-6955 VL - 204 SP - 1 EP - 22 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Aftowicz, Marcin A1 - Kabin, Ievgen A1 - Dyka, Zoya A1 - Langendörfer, Peter T1 - Advantages of unsupervised learning analysis methods in single-trace SCA attacks T2 - Microprocessors and Microsystems Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpro.2023.104994 SN - 0141-9331 VL - 105 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Regnath, Franziska A1 - Biersack, Katharina A1 - Schröder, Lena A1 - Stainer, Marie-Christin A1 - von Werder, Dina A1 - Pürner, Dominik A1 - Haslinger, Bernhard A1 - Lehnen, Nadine ED - Glasauer, Stefan T1 - Experimental evidence for a robust, transdiagnostic marker in functional disorders: Erroneous sensorimotor processing in functional dizziness and functional movement disorder T2 - Journal of Psychosomatic Research Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2024.111694 SN - 0022-3999 VL - 183 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Welling, Malte A1 - Jacobsen, Jette Bredahl A1 - Olsen, Sören Böye A1 - Lundhede, Thomas T1 - Does quantity matter for distance decay? Evidence from two choice experiments on urban green T2 - Resource and Energy Economics Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reseneeco.2024.101472 VL - 81 PB - Elsevier B.V. ER - TY - GEN A1 - Chitauro, Ronald A1 - Brzozowski, Marcin A1 - Yener, Onur A1 - Langendörfer, Peter T1 - Out of distribution generalization: KPI vs spectrogram based jamming classification in 5G T2 - 2024 International Conference on Software, Telecommunications and Computer Networks (SoftCOM) Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.23919/SoftCOM62040.2024.10721712 SP - 1 EP - 6 PB - IEEE ER - TY - GEN A1 - Alsabbagh, Wael A1 - Kim, Chaerin A1 - Patil, Nitin Sanjay A1 - Langendörfer, Peter T1 - Beyond the lens: false data injection attacks on IIoT-cameras through MQTT manipulation T2 - 2024 7th Conference on Cloud and Internet of Things (CIoT) Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/CIoT63799.2024.10757025 SP - 1 EP - 7 PB - IEEE ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kabin, Ievgen A1 - Schaeffner, Jan A1 - Sigourou, Alkistis A1 - Petryk, Dmytro A1 - Dyka, Zoya A1 - Klein, Dominik A1 - Freud, Sven A1 - Langendörfer, Peter T1 - Stealth attacks on PCBs: an experimental plausibility analysis T2 - 2024 IEEE International Conference on Cyber Security and Resilience (CSR) Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/CSR61664.2024.10679465 SP - 905 EP - 912 PB - IEEE ER - TY - GEN A1 - Assafo, Maryam A1 - Langendörfer, Peter T1 - Unsupervised and semisupervised machine learning frameworks for multiclass tool wear recognition T2 - IEEE Open Journal of the Industrial Electronics Society Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIES.2024.3455264 SN - 2644-1284 VL - 5 (2024) SP - 993 EP - 1010 PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) ER - TY - GEN A1 - Katarzyna, Gruszka A1 - Pillinger, Anna A1 - Gerold, Stefanie A1 - Theine, Hendrik T1 - (In)visible by design: an analysis of a domestic labor platform T2 - Critical Sociology N2 - Since the rise of platform labor, food delivery, and ride hailing workers have become a visible part of cityscapes, unlike platform workers in the domestic sector. The invisibilization and economic devaluation of reproductive tasks, especially in the private sphere, has a long history. Although platforms are not likely to yield a radical transformation in this sector, qualitative changes concerning the invisibility of work outsourced by households can be observed. In this contribution, we draw from the analytical framework of (in)visibility of/in platform-mediated work and map it against our research findings on a key platform in domestic cleaning in Europe, including netnographic data and interviews with workers and clients. Using the framework as a heuristic tool leads us to a more nuanced understanding of (in)visibility in platform-mediated cleaning in perceptible, institutional, and individual terms. Moreover, we argue that the interrelations between these three layers of (in)visibility offer novel insights for making sense of worker organizing and collective action, the practices related to leaving the platform, and the issue of workers’ occupational identity of domestic cleaners. As such, the study contributes to the current debates on platform labor and domestic work, including the value-visibility relation and the role of digital platforms therein. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/08969205241276803 VL - 2024 IS - 0(0) SP - 1 EP - 20 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Simon, Sylvio A1 - Yusubov, Nizami A1 - Amirli, Samir A1 - Amirov, Fariz T1 - Waterjet Cutting of HARDOX-500 Workpiece T2 - Russian Engineering Research N2 - The influence of the parameters of waterjet cutting on the final surface is investigated for a Нardox-500 chromium–nickel steel workpiece (thickness 15 mm). By 2D and 3D scanning of the samples, the devi-ation in workpiece size and shape from the specifications is investigated as a function of the workpiece thick-ness and the longitudinal supply velocity. The inclination of the cut in waterjet cutting is considered. KW - Нardox-500 steel KW - Waterjet cutting KW - Cut inclination KW - Longitudinal supply Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/DOI: 10.3103/S1068798X24702927 SN - 1068-798X VL - 44 IS - 11 SP - 1572 EP - 1576 PB - Allerton Press, Inc ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gaillard, Yann A1 - Szabo, Peter A1 - Travnikov, Vadim A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Modelling Thermo-Electrohydrodynamic Convection in Rotating Spherical Shell Using OpenFOAM ® T2 - OpenFOAM® Journal Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.51560/ofj.v5.136 VL - 5 (2025) SP - 1 EP - 16 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kot, Małgorzata A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Internal chemical potential in mixed covalent-ionic photosensitive systems T2 - Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A N2 - The internal chemical potential Γ of mixed covalent-ionic systems represents the potential differences between the covalent and the ionic intrinsic defect states located within the ionic gap. It is the key parameter to control the carrier densities, the stability regimes, and the photosensitive properties of materials. In this work, we describe first the quantitative analysis of the carrier densities in dependence on the internal potential Nπ(Γ) based on the common features of the electronic structure of mixed covalent-ionic materials. Subsequently, this method is applied on two mixed covalent-ionic materials, i.e., formamidinium lead triiodide and gallium oxide, as representatives of the respective families of perovskites (halides) and transparent conducting oxide thin films. Based on this analysis, the carrier densities as well as the photosensitivity mechanisms and the related specific properties of these materials in dependence on their internal chemical potential are discussed. KW - Polarons KW - Transport properties KW - Rectifier KW - Electrical properties and parameters KW - Perovskites KW - Thin films KW - Chemical compounds KW - Chemical potential KW - Photodissociation Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1116/6.0004179 SN - 0734-2101 VL - 43 (2025) IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 9 PB - American Vacuum Society ER - TY - GEN A1 - Naz, Fizza A1 - Ahmad, Abrar A1 - Sarwar, Yasra A1 - Khan, Muhammad Moman A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Rauf, Waqar A1 - Ali, Aamir T1 - Characterization of Salmonella enterica Biofilms and Antibiofilm Effect of Carvacrol and 2-Aminobenzimidazole T2 - Foodborne Pathogens and Disease Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1089/fpd.2023.0044 SN - 1535-3141 VL - 21 IS - 1 SP - 52 EP - 60 PB - Mary Ann Liebert Inc. ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mykytyn, Pavlo A1 - Brzozowski, Marcin A1 - Dyka, Zoya A1 - Langendörfer, Peter T1 - Towards secure and reliable heterogeneous real-time telemetry communication in autonomous UAV swarms T2 - Poster : iCCC2024 - iCampµs Cottbus Conference 2024-05-14 - 2024-05-16 Cottbus Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5162/iCCC2024/P15 SP - 222 EP - 225 PB - AMA Service GmbH CY - Von-Münchhausen-Str. 49, 31515 Wunstorf, Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hamede, Mohammed Hussein A1 - Roller, Jonas A1 - Meyer, Antoine A1 - Heauveline, Vincent A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Dielectrophoretic force-enhanced thermal convection within a horizontal cylindrical annulus T2 - Physics of Fluids Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0234772 VL - 36 IS - 12 SP - 1 EP - 14 PB - AIP Publishing ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kabin, Ievgen A1 - Langendoerfer, Peter A1 - Dyka, Zoya T1 - Exploiting static power consumption in side-channel analysis T2 - 2024 IEEE 25th Latin American Test Symposium (LATS) Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/LATS62223.2024.10534604 SP - 1 EP - 4 PB - IEEE ER - TY - GEN A1 - Alsabbagh, Wael A1 - Kim, Chaerin A1 - Langendörfer, Peter T1 - Investigating the security of OpenPLC : vulnerabilities, attacks, and mitigation solutions T2 - IEEE Access Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3356051 SN - 2169-3536 VL - 12 SP - 11561 EP - 11583 PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kodalle, Tim A1 - Malekshahi Byranvand, Mahdi A1 - Goudreau, Meredith A1 - Das, Chittaranjan A1 - Roy, Rajarshi A1 - Kot, Małgorzata A1 - Briesenick, Simon A1 - Zohdi, Mohammadreza A1 - Rai, Monika A1 - Tamura, Nobumichi A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo A1 - Hempel, Wolfram A1 - Sutter‐Fella, Carolin M. A1 - Saliba, Michael T1 - An integrated deposition and passivation strategy for controlled crystallization of 2D/3D Halide Perovskite films T2 - Advanced Materials N2 - This work introduces a simplified deposition procedure for multidimensional (2D/3D) perovskite thin films, integrating a phenethylammonium chloride (PEACl)‐treatment into the antisolvent step when forming the 3D perovskite. This simultaneous deposition and passivation strategy reduces the number of synthesis steps while simultaneously stabilizing the halide perovskite film and improving the photovoltaic performance of resulting solar cell devices to 20.8%. Using a combination of multimodal in situ and additional ex situ characterizations, it is demonstrated that the introduction of PEACl during the perovskite film formation slows down the crystal growth process, which leads to a larger average grain size and narrower grain size distribution, thus reducing carrier recombination at grain boundaries and improving the device's performance and stability. The data suggests that during annealing of the wet film, the PEACl diffuses to the surface of the film, forming hydrophobic (quasi‐)2D structures that protect the bulk of the perovskite film from humidity‐induced degradation. KW - 2D/3D perovskites KW - crystallization KW - in situ characterization KW - stability Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202309154 SN - 0935-9648 VL - 36 IS - 24 PB - Wiley CY - Weinheim ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kapuścik, Paulina A1 - Wojcieszak, Damian A1 - Pokora, Patrycja A1 - Mańkowska, Ewa A1 - Domaradzki, Jarosław A1 - Mazur, Michał A1 - Mazur, Piotr A1 - Kosto, Yuliia A1 - Morales, Carlos A1 - Kot, Małgorzata A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo T1 - Low temperature hydrogen sensor with high sensitivity based on CeOx thin film T2 - Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical N2 - In this work, a 500 nm-thick cerium oxide thin film was prepared by electron beam evaporation. It was found that the deposition of 7 nm thick Pd catalyst was required for obtaining a sensor response to hydrogen. The Pd/CeOx sensing structure has a high response of 5000 towards 25 ppm H2 at a working temperature of 200 °C and exhibits a sensor response of 1.3 at temperatures near ambient. Furthermore, the sensing structure exhibited excellent response/recovery kinetics. The results confirm that the CeOx-based materials are a promising material for the fabrication of room-temperature hydrogen sensors. KW - Cerium oxide KW - Thin film KW - Hydrogen sensing KW - Low operating temperature Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2024.136148 SN - 0925-4005 VL - 417 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gailing, Ludger A1 - Leibenath, Markus T1 - Landschaften des Anthopozäns. Braunkohlereviere aus der Sicht der Landschaftsforschung T2 - Informationen zur Raumentwicklung Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.researchgate.net/publication/381965170_Landschaften_des_Anthopozans_Braunkohlereviere_aus_der_Sicht_der_Landschaftsforschung SN - 0303-2493 SN - 2698-8410 VL - 50 IS - 3-4 SP - 22 EP - 33 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hernández-Gómez, Cayetano A1 - Prieto, Pilar A1 - Morales, Carlos A1 - Serrano, Aida A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo A1 - Méndez, Javier A1 - García-Pérez, Julia A1 - Granados, Daniel A1 - Soriano, Leonardo T1 - Structural defects on graphene generated by deposition of CoO: effect of electronic coupling of graphene T2 - Materials N2 - Understanding the interactions in hybrid systems based on graphene and functional oxides is crucial to the applicability of graphene in real devices. Here, we present a study of the structural defects occurring on graphene during the early stages of the growth of CoO, tailored by the electronic coupling between graphene and the substrate in which it is supported: as received pristine graphene on polycrystalline copper (coupled), cleaned in ultra-high vacuum conditions to remove oxygen contamination, and graphene transferred to SiO2/Si substrates (decoupled). The CoO growth was performed at room temperature by thermal evaporation of metallic Co under a molecular oxygen atmosphere, and the early stages of the growth were investigated. On the decoupled G/SiO2/Si samples, with an initial low crystalline quality of graphene, the formation of a CoO wetting layer is observed, identifying the Stranski-Krastanov growth mode. In contrast, on coupled G/Cu samples, the Volmer-Weber growth mechanism is observed. In both sets of samples, the oxidation of graphene is low during the early stages of growth, increasing for the larger coverages. Furthermore, structural defects are developed in the graphene lattice on both substrates during the growth of CoO, which is significantly higher on decoupled G/SiO2/Si samples mainly for higher CoO coverages. When approaching the full coverage on both substrates, the CoO islands coalesce to form a continuous CoO layer with strip-like structures with diameters ranging between 70 and 150 nm. KW - graphene KW - CoO KW - structural defects KW - X-ray photoelectronic spectroscopy KW - confocal Raman microscopy Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17133293 SN - 1996-1944 VL - 17 IS - 13 PB - MDPI AG CY - Basel ER - TY - GEN A1 - Otto, Pascal A1 - Puchol-Royo, Roser A1 - Ortega-Legarreta, Asier A1 - Tanner, Kristie A1 - Tideman, Jeroen A1 - De Vries, Sjoerd-Jan A1 - Pascual, Javier A1 - Porcar, Manuel A1 - Latorre-Pérez, Adriel A1 - Abendroth, Christian T1 - Multivariate comparison of taxonomic, chemical and operational data from 80 different full-scale anaerobic digester-related systems T2 - Biotechnology for Biofuels and Bioproducts N2 - Background: The holistic characterization of different microbiomes in anaerobic digestion (AD) systems can contribute to a better understanding of these systems and provide starting points for bioengineering. The present study investigates the microbiome of 80 European full-scale AD systems. Operational, chemical and taxonomic data were thoroughly collected, analysed and correlated to identify the main drivers of AD processes. Results: The present study describes chemical and operational parameters for a broad spectrum of different AD systems. With this data, Spearman correlation and differential abundance analyses were applied to narrow down the role of the individual microorganisms detected. The authors succeeded in further limiting the number of microorganisms in the core microbiome for a broad range of AD systems. Based on 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, MBA03, Proteiniphilum, a member of the family Dethiobacteraceae, the genus Caldicoprobacter and the methanogen Methanosarcina were the most prevalent and abundant organisms identified in all digesters analysed. High ratios for Methanoculleus are often described for agricultural co-digesters. Therefore, it is remarkable that Methanosarcina was surprisingly high in several digesters reaching ratios up to 47.2%. The various statistical analyses revealed that the microorganisms grouped according to different patterns. A purely taxonomic correlation enabled a distinction between an acetoclastic cluster and a hydrogenotrophic one. However, in the multivariate analysis with chemical parameters, the main clusters corresponded to hydrolytic and acidogenic microorganisms, with SAOB bacteria being particularly important in the second group. Including operational parameters resulted in digester-type specific grouping of microbes. Those with separate acidification stood out among the many reactor types due to their unexpected behaviour. Despite maximizing the organic loading rate in the hydrolytic pretreatments, these stages turned into extremely robust methane production units. Conclusions: From 80 different AD systems, one of the most holistic data sets is provided. A very distinct formation of microbial clusters was discovered, depending on whether taxonomic, chemical or operational parameters were combined. The microorganisms in the individual clusters were strongly dependent on the respective reference parameters. KW - anaerobic digestion, 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, biogas plants Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s13068-024-02525-1 VL - 17 SP - 1 EP - 17 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ost, Lucas A1 - Seidlitz, Holger A1 - Ulke-Winter, Lars A1 - Kuke, Felix T1 - Development of a spherical high‐pressure tank for hydrogen storage in mobile and stationary applications T2 - Energy Technology N2 - In the sub‐project Mukran of the BMBF‐funded flagship project TransHyDE, spherical and nearly spherical‐shaped (isotensoids with short cylindrical spacer) high‐pressure tanks are developed for hydrogen storage. This article presents the planned work of the Chair of Polymer‐based Lightweight Design at the BTU Cottbus–Senftenberg and the research division PYCO at the Fraunhofer IAP. The research topics include the fiber‐compatible design of the liners, the rule‐based optimization of the layer structure of the load‐bearing overwrap made of carbon fiber‐reinforced plastic, the development of a fiber placement strategy, and the integration of the tanks into a frame as a mobile storage solution. KW - CFRP pressure vessel KW - hydrogen KW - pressure vessel KW - spherical pressure vessel Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ente.202300942 SN - 2194-4288 PB - Wiley ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maldonado, David A1 - Cantudo, Antonio A1 - Swamy Reddy, Keerthi Dorai A1 - Pechmann, Stefan A1 - Uhlmann, Max A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Roldan, Juan Bautista A1 - Pérez, Eduardo T1 - Influence of stop and gate voltage on resistive switching of 1T1R HfO2-based memristors, a modeling and variability analysis T2 - Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mssp.2024.108726 SN - 1873-4081 SN - 1369-8001 VL - 182 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Helmer, Michelle A1 - Helmer, Desiree A1 - Yohannes, Elizabeth A1 - Newton, Jason A1 - Dietrich, Daniel R. A1 - Martin-Creuzburg, Dominik T1 - Dissolved nitrogen uptake versus nitrogen fixation: mode of nitrogen acquisition affects stable isotope signatures of a diazotrophic cyanobacterium and its grazer T2 - PLOS ONE KW - Cyanobacteria KW - Nitrogen Isotope Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0306173 SN - 1544-9173 SN - 1545-7885 VL - 19 IS - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kot, Małgorzata A1 - Das, Chittaranjan A1 - Alonso, Clara Patricia Aranda A1 - Prochowicz, Daniel T1 - Perovskites: from materials science to devices T2 - Journal of Materials Chemistry C N2 - An introduction to the Journal of Materials Chemistry C themed collection on perovskite materials. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/d4tc90109f SN - 2050-7526 VL - 12 IS - 28 SP - 10244 EP - 10245 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) CY - Cambridge ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hirschl, Bernd T1 - Wasserstoff ohne Wasser?! Herstellungsverfahren von Wasserstoff T2 - Ökologisches Wirtschaften : Ideen und Konzepte für die Wirtschaft der Zukunft KW - Wasserstoff KW - Pyrolyse KW - Plasmalyse Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.oekom.de/ausgabe/hoffnungstraeger-wasserstoff-81001 UR - https://www.oekologisches-wirtschaften.de/index.php/oew/issue/view/177 SN - 1430-8800 SN - 2625-5421 VL - 39 IS - 2 SP - 28 EP - 29 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yaman Gökce, Neslihan A1 - Gökce, Anıl Burak A1 - Cenk, Murat T1 - A fast NTRU software implementation based on 5-way TMVP T2 - Journal of Information Security and Applications N2 - The fast and efficient operation of post-quantum cryptographic algorithms has become an important research topic, especially with the recent developments and the process of the PQC Standardization Project by NIST. Various algorithms based on lattices are chosen to be finalists in this project. Number Theoretic Transform (NTT), Toom–Cook, Karatsuba, and Toeplitz matrix–vector product (TMVP) are considered in order to efficiently perform multiplications in quotient polynomial rings required by the cryptographic schemes based on lattices. In this paper, we propose a 5-way split TMVP-based algorithm for multiplication in polynomial quotient rings and determine its computational complexity. The new algorithm is derived from a 5-term polynomial multiplication algorithm using 13 multiplications with coefficients of only 1 or -1 that provide efficiency. We also implement it for all parameter sets of NTRU. The results show that we have up to 34%, 35%, and 157% speed-up against Toom4-Karatsuba implementation in key generation, encapsulation, and decapsulation, respectively. KW - Post-quantum cryptography KW - Lattice-based cryptography KW - Toeplitz matrices KW - NTRU KW - TMVP KW - Polynomial multiplication Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jisa.2023.103688 SN - 2214-2126 VL - 81 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Köhler, Marcel A1 - Nikitin, Alexander A1 - Sonnenfeld, Peter A1 - Ossenbrink, Ralf A1 - Jüttner, Sven T1 - Wire arc additive manufacturing of aluminum foams using TiH2-Laced Welding Wires T2 - Materials N2 - Composite materials made from aluminum foam are increasingly used in aerospace and automotive industries due to their low density, high energy absorption capacity, and corrosion resistance. Additive manufacturing processes offer several advantages over conventional manufacturing methods, such as the ability to produce significantly more geometrically complex components without the need for expensive tooling. Direct Energy Deposition processes like Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) enable the additive production of near-net-shape components at high build rates. This paper presents a technology for producing aluminum foam structures using WAAM. This paper’s focus is on the development of welding wires that are mixed with a foaming agent (TiH2) and produce a foamed weld metal as well as their processing using MIG welding technology. KW - MIG welding KW - wire arc additive manufacturing KW - direct energy deposition KW - aluminum foam KW - titanium hydride KW - foaming agent KW - metal-cored wires KW - continuous powder extrusion KW - energy absorption Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17133176 SN - 1996-1944 VL - 17 IS - 13 PB - MDPI AG ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sadovenko, Ivan A1 - Tymoshchuk, Vasyl A1 - Zahrytsenko, Alina A1 - Rodríguez Mansilla, Francesc Gabriel A1 - Sherstiuk, Yevheniia A1 - Vlasov, Vladyslav A1 - Chushkina, Iryna T1 - Hydrotechnical and ecological principles of water resources management for a mined-out mine field T2 - IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science N2 - The article considers the issue of predicting and managing water resources of flooded mines based on hydrotechnical and ecological criteria. Reproduction of a natural-technogenic situation within mine fields with many unknowns regarding the condition of a rock massif and influence factors became possible through a step-by-step construction and identification of a numerical geofiltration model. Balance components of formation for a technogenic underground water mode, capacity parameters and zonal water permeability of a rock massif are estimated as a result of methodical adaptation and creation of a hydrodynamic model of two adjacent mines with a complex hydrogeological structure. A duration and speed for groundwater level restoration at different time periods, an area of underflooding and flooding on the surface is established according to predictive calculations. The inefficiency of submersible pumps use is proven when capital workings lose their drainage functions and a massif has rheological dynamics. Variants for long-term pumping of mine waters with subsequent discharge into a hydrographic network do not bring the territory into a self-draining mode. Therefore, the mode of closing mines with full restoration of underground water level in a monitoring mode with a combination of drainage reconstruction of the surface is the most acceptable. KW - Water security KW - Mining KW - Water resources management Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1348/1/012069 SN - 1755-1307 VL - 1348 IS - 1 PB - IOP Publishing ER - TY - GEN A1 - Oprei, Anna A1 - Schreckinger, Jose A1 - Franzmann, Insa A1 - Lee, Hayoung A1 - Mutz, Michael A1 - Risse-Buhl, Ute T1 - Light over mechanics: microbial community structure and activity in simulated migrating bedforms are controlled by oscillating light rather than by mechanical forces T2 - FEMS Microbiology Ecology KW - community structure KW - light oscillation KW - metabolism Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiae073 SN - 0168-6496 SN - 1574-6941 VL - 100 IS - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kiene, Marvin A1 - Schott, Matthias A1 - Martin-Creuzburg, Dominik A1 - Laforsch, Christian T1 - Food quantity and quality modulates inducible defenses in a common predator–prey system T2 - Limnology and Oceanography KW - Zooplankton Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.12595 SN - 1939-5590 SN - 0024-3590 VL - 69 IS - 7 SP - 1546 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zaplata, Markus K. A1 - Schümberg, Sabine A1 - Kidron, Giora J. A1 - Ramm, Jessica A1 - Veste, Maik T1 - Impacts of cyanobacteria-dominated biological soil crusts on seedling emergence and fate: an in situ experiment T2 - Pant and Soil : an International Journal on Plant-Soil Relationships N2 - Background and aims Biological soil crusts (BSCs) co-occur with vascular plants in many ecosystems. Nevertheless, little is known regarding the interaction among BSCs and vascular plants, and no standard methods exist aiming to evaluate BSC–plant interactions. While some reports emphasized the inhibition effect of BSCs on germination, others reported the opposite or did not find any differences between germination under crusted and non-crusted conditions. Contradictory findings were also reported regarding the BSC effects on vascular plants after germination, with some reports claiming that BSCs promote growth, while others claim the opposite. Methods By a seed addition experiment (using light and heavy seeds of three species belonging to the Fabaceae family) in an early-successional system in Germany, we tested in situ the emergence of seedlings under variable surface conditions (cyanobacterial crust, disturbed and removed crust), and quantified crust-plant interactions (survival, flowering) during and following seedling emergence. Results In comparison to an average of 8% of the light Lotus corniculatus and 20% of the light Ornithopus sativus that emerged through the cyanobacterial BSC, 76% of the heavy Glycine max emerged. Once emerged, the crust did not significantly affect the survival, growth, biomass, or flowering of G. max, whereas many of the seedlings from lightweight seeds dried up soon after emergence. The thickness of the cyanobacterial biocrust had no influence on Fabaceae emergence. Conclusion The cyanobacterial BSC acted as a filter that hindered the emergence of the lightweight seeds. KW - Biocrusts KW - Biological soil crusts KW - soil ecology KW - post-mining site Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-024-06869-3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fiore, Jacopo A1 - Sellati, Niccolò A1 - Gabriele, Francesco A1 - Castellani, Claudio A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Udina, Mattia A1 - Benfatto, Lara T1 - Investigating Josephson plasmons in layered cuprates via nonlinear terahertz spectroscopy T2 - Physical Review B N2 - Josephson plasmons in layered superconductors represent a natural source of optical nonlinearity, thanks to their intrinsically anharmonic nature. Here we derive the selection rules behind nonlinear plasmonics showing its dependence on plasmonic branches hidden to other spectroscopies, such as RIXS. We benchmark our results for the case of layered cuprates, showing how in a layered system the combined effect of plasmon dispersion and light polarization can move the resonance of the bilayer system away from the plasma edge measured in linear spectroscopy. Our results demonstrate the dependence of the nonlinear THz response on the convoluted plasmon dispersion in a momentum region complementary to RIXS, and offer a possible perspective for the generation of THz pulses by artificially designed Josephson heterostructures. KW - Research Areas Josephson effect KW - Plasmons KW - Superconducting fluctuations KW - Superconductors KW - Cuprates KW - Terahertz spectroscopy Y1 - 2024 UR - https://journals.aps.org/prb/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevB.110.L060504 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.110.L060504 VL - 110 SP - 1 EP - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Amirov, Fariz A1 - Abbasov, Vaqif A1 - Amirli, Samir A1 - Simon, Sylvio A1 - Gadimov, Emil T1 - Исследование точности механической обработки ступенчатых валов на токарном станке с ЧПУ T2 - ИЗВЕСТИЯ ВЫСШИХ УЧЕБНЫХ ЗАВЕДЕНИЙ. МАШИНОСТРОЕНИЕ = Nachrichten von Hochschulen. Maschinenbau N2 - CNC lathes meeting high requirements to the product lathe machining accuracy are widely used in manufacture of the stepped shafts. Their advantage over universal lathes lies not only in the high accuracy, but also in the ability to machine complex parts and automate the working process. The paper considers possibility of reaching high precision in machining the stepped shafts of a 10-ton overhead crane on the lathes. Based on design and technological computation, it was difficult to achieve the required accuracy and roughness of the machined surface in machining a stepped shaft of the overhead crane on a universal lathe. Using the CNC lathe eliminated many of the disadvantages of the step shaft finishing lathing. The paper shows that accuracy of the stepped shaft finishing on a CNC lathe is significantly influenced by the cutting mode parameters. Studies were performed making it possible to determine those parameters values that ensured the highest accuracy in the stepped shaft manufacture. T2 - Untersuchung der Genauigkeit der mechanischen Bearbeitung von Stufenwellen auf einer CNC-Drehmaschine T2 - Studying accuracy of the stepped shafts machining on the CNC lathe Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.18698/0536-1044 SN - 0536-1044 VL - 772 IS - 7 SP - 55 EP - 64 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mirarchi, Giovanni A1 - Arpaia, Riccardo A1 - Wahlberg, Eric A1 - Bauch, Thilo A1 - Kalaboukhov, Alexei A1 - Caprara, Sergio A1 - Di Castro, Carlo A1 - Grilli, Marco A1 - Lombardi, Floriana A1 - Seibold, Götz T1 - Tuning the ground state of cuprate superconducting thin films by nanofaceted substrates T2 - Communications Materials N2 - Anisotropic transport properties have been assessed in a number of cuprate superconductors, providing evidence for a nematic state. We have recently shown that in ultra-thin YBa2Cu3O7−δ films, where nematicity is induced via strain engineering, there is a suppression of charge density wave scattering along the orthorhombic a-axis and a concomitant enhancement of strange metal behavior along the b-axis. Here we develop a microscopic model, that is based on the strong interaction between the substrate facets and the thin film, to account for the unconventional phenomenology. Based on the atomic force microscopy imaging of the substrates’ surface, the model is able to predict the absence (presence) of nematicity and the resulting transport properties in films grown on SrTiO3 (MgO) substrates. Our result paves the way to new tuning capabilities of the ground state of high-temperature superconductors by substrate engineering. KW - Electronic properties and materials KW - Surfaces, interfaces and thin films Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.nature.com/articles/s43246-024-00582-5?utm_source=rct_congratemailt&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=oa_20240809&utm_content=10.1038/s43246-024-00582-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s43246-024-00582-5 IS - 5 SP - 1 EP - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Malik, Alexander A1 - Hütter, Geralf A1 - Abendroth, Martin A1 - Kiefer, Bjoern T1 - Micromorphic FE2 simulation of plastic deformations of foam structures T2 - International Journal of Mechanical Sciences N2 - Capturing and predicting the effective mechanical properties of highly porous cellular media still represents a significant challenge for the research community, due to their complex structural interdependencies and known size effects. Micromorphic theories are often applied in this context to model the inelastic deformation behavior of foam-like structures, in particular to incorporate such size effect into the investigation of structure–property correlations. This raises the problems of formulating appropriate constitutive relations for the numerous non-classical stress measures and determining the corresponding material parameters, which are usually difficult to assess experimentally. The present contribution therefore alternatively employs a hierarchical micromorphic multi-scale approach within the direct FE2 framework to simulate the complex irreversible behavior of foam-like porous solids. The predictions of Cosserat (micropolar) and a fully-micromorphic theory are compared with conventional FE2 results and direct numerical simulations (DNS) for complex loading scenarios with elastic, elastic–plastic, and creep deformations. Therein, non-classical deformation modes of the microstructure resulting from the introduced micromorphic kinematics are visualized, as are the macroscopic hyperstresses and deformations. KW - Multi-scale KW - Homogenization KW - Size effects KW - Generalized continuum KW - Micromorphic theory KW - FE Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2024.109551 SN - 0020-7403 VL - 282 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Jauker, Frank A1 - Komainda, Martin A1 - Schöttker, Oliver A1 - Horn, Juliane T1 - Harnessing virtual fencing for more effective and adaptive agri-environment schemes to conserve grassland biodiversity T2 - Biological Conservation Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2024.110736 SN - 0006-3207 IS - 297 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mappas, Vassileios A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Vassiliadis, Vassilios S. A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Multistage optimal control and nonlinear programming formulation for automated control loop selection T2 - Computer Aided Chemical Engineering N2 - Control loop design, as well as controller tuning, constitute the pillars of process control to achieve design specifications and smooth process operation, and to meet predefined performance criteria. Currently, state-of-the-art approaches have focused on methods that yield only the pairings between input and output methods, and are not able to incorporate path and end-point constraints. This work introduces a novel strategy based on the multistage optimal control formulation of the control loop selection problem. This approach overcomes the drawbacks of traditional methods by producing an automated integrated solution for the task of control loop design. Furthermore, it obviates the need for any form of combinatorial optimization and incorporating path and terminal constraints. The results show that the proposed solution framework produces the same control loops as in the case of traditional approaches, however the inclusion of path and end-point constraints improves the performance of the control profiles. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-443-28824-1.50327-6 SN - 1570-7946 VL - 53 SP - 1957 EP - 1962 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Keykha, Mina A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Assessment of parameter uncertainty in the maintenance scheduling of reverse osmosis networks via a multistage optimal control reformulation T2 - Computer Aided Chemical Engineering N2 - In this work, the influence of uncertain parameters on the maintenance scheduling of Reverse Osmosis Networks (RONs) is explored. Based on a foundation of successful applications in various maintenance optimization domains, this paper extends the methodology to the domain of RON regeneration actions planning, highlighting its adaptability to diverse areas of dynamic processes with planning uncertainty. Traditional approaches in membrane cleaning scheduling have predominantly relied on MixedInteger Nonlinear Programming (MINLP), often leading to combinatorial problems that fail to capture the dynamic nature of the system. As part of this study, a novel approach based on the Multistage Integer Nonlinear Optimal Control Problem (MSINOCP) formulation is used to automate and optimize membrane cleaning scheduling without requiring combinatorial optimization. To evaluate the consequences of parameter uncertainty, 26 scenarios are considered in which the cost of the energy unit is considered as variable based on a random distribution, and these results are compared to a scenario where a fixed cost parameter is assumed. The findings show that when the cost of energy is considered as an uncertain parameter, the optimization process requires more frequent cleaning measures. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-443-28824-1.50326-4 SN - 1570-7946 VL - 53 SP - 1951 EP - 1956 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Zhang, Sushen A1 - Vassiliadis, Vassilios S. A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Optimizing deep neural networks through hierarchical multiscale parameter tuning T2 - Computer Aided Chemical Engineering N2 - Deep neural networks (DNNs) are frequently employed for information extraction in big data applications across various domains; however, their application in real-time industrial systems is hindered by constraints such as limited computational, storage capacity, energy availability, and time constraints. This contribution introduces the development of a novel hierarchical multiscale framework for the training of DNNs that incorporates neural sensitivity analysis for the automatic and selective training of neurons evaluated to be the most effective. This alternative training methodology generates local minima that closely match or surpass those achieved by traditional approaches, such as the backpropagation method, utilizing identical starting points for comparative purposes. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-443-28824-1.50155-1 SN - 1570-7946 VL - 53 SP - 925 EP - 930 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwarz, Astrid T1 - Homo hortensis in the Anthropocene: what gardening teaches us about the future T2 - Research Features N2 - Gardens encourage planning for the future, providing a well-defined environment where people can play with and express a particular idea. Professor Astrid Schwarz of Brandenburg University of Technology in Germany describes a type of human of the garden, Homo hortensis, who exists in contrast to the human of technology, Homo faber. The adaptability of the garden and the gardener offers insight into improving resilience in the face of the challenges presented by the Anthropocene. KW - Environmental Humanities KW - Philosophy of Technology KW - Environmental Anthropology Y1 - 2024 UR - https://cdn.researchfeatures.com/3d_issues/RF153/index.html U6 - https://doi.org/10.26904/RF-153-6881096327 VL - 153 SP - 68 EP - 71 PB - Research Publishing International Ltd CY - Stonehouse ER - TY - GEN A1 - Raps, Stefanie A1 - Bahr, Laura A1 - Karkossa, Isabel A1 - Rossol, Manuela A1 - Bergen, Martin von A1 - Schubert, Kristin T1 - Triclosan and its alternatives, especially chlorhexidine, modulate macrophage immune response with distinct modes of action T2 - Science of The Total Environment N2 - Since European regulators restricted the use of bacteriocidic triclosan (TCS), alternatives for TCS are emerging. Recently, TCS has been shown to reprogram immune metabolism, trigger the NLRP3 inflammasome, and subsequently the release of IL-1β in human macrophages, but data on substitutes is scarce. Hence, we aimed to examine the effects of TCS compared to its alternatives at the molecular level in human macrophages. LPS-stimulated THP-1 macrophages were exposed to TCS or its substitutes, including benzalkonium chloride, benzethonium chloride, chloroxylenol, chlorhexidine (CHX) and cetylpyridinium chloride, with the inhibitory concentration (IC10-value) of cell viability to decipher their mode of action. TCS induced the release of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF and high level of IL-1β, suggesting the activation of the NLRP3-inflammasome, which was confirmed by non-apparent IL-1β under the NLRP3-inhibitor MCC950 treatment d. While IL-6 release was reduced in all treatments, the alternative CHX completely abolished the release of all investigated cytokines. To unravel the underlying molecular mechanisms, we used untargeted LC-MS/MS-based proteomics. TCS and CHX showed the strongest cellular response at the protein and signalling pathway level, whereby pathways related to metabolism, translation, cellular stress and migration were mainly affected but to different proposed modes of action. TCS inhibited mitochondrial electron transfer and affected phagocytosis. In contrast, in CHX-treated cells, the translation was arrested due to stress conditions, resulting in the formation of stress granules. Mitochondrial (e.g. ATP5F1D, ATP5PB, UQCRQ) and ribosomal (e.g. RPL10, RPL35, RPS23) proteins were revealed as putative key drivers. Furthermore, we have demonstrated the formation of podosomes by CHX, potentially involved in ECM degradation. Our results exhibit modulation of the immune response in macrophages by TCS and its substitutes and illuminated underlying molecular effects. These results illustrate critical processes involved in the modulation of macrophages' immune response by TCS and its alternatives, providing information essential for hazard assessment. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169650 SN - 0048-9697 VL - 914 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Imam, Neama Gomaa A1 - Harfouche, Messaoud A1 - Abdelghany, Amr Mohamed A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo T1 - Effect of Cu incorporation in silicate and modified borate bioglass materials for health applications: insights from synchrotron-based x-ray absorption spectroscopy T2 - Discover Materials N2 - This contribution investigates the effect of variable copper incorporation (x = 0.2, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0) in silicate (45 SiO2, 24.5 CaO, 24.5 Na2O, 6P2O5wt%) and modified borate (45 B2O3, 24.5 CaO, 24.5 Na2O, 6P2O5wt%) bioglass materials to be used for bone bonding applications. X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (XAFS) has been used to determine the oxidation states and local coordination structure of Cu atoms in silicate-based and borate-based glasses at the Cu K-edge (~ 8979 eV). The oxidation states of Cu atoms have been determined by near-edge XAFS (XANES) fingerprinting employing reference standard compounds of Cu. Cu (I) and Cu (II) XANES spectra of the standard reference compounds were linearly combined to fit the normalized μ(E) data of the collected XANES spectra using linear combination fitting (LCF approach). The obtained results prove that most of the silicate glass samples contain Cu2O almost exclusively, while modified borate glass samples contain a significant mixture of Cu2O and CuO phases. According to the literature, the remarkable coexistence of Cu2O and CuO phases within the borate sample, particularly when x = 4, promotes the conversion process to allow the more facile formation of hydroxy carbonate apatite (HCA). The best fit structural parameters derived from extended-XAFS (EXAFS) fitting show that the ratio between Cu (I) and Cu (II) in borate glass agreed well with that extracted from XANES analysis. XANES and EXAFS conclude that borate glass with x = 4 is the most suitable composition for bone bonding applications. KW - Bioglass KW - Local coordination KW - Oxidation state KW - Silicate KW - Borate KW - Synchrotron radiation KW - Short-range order KW - XANES KW - LCF KW - EXAFS Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s43939-024-00103-8 SN - 2730-7727 VL - 4 IS - 1 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Huber, Andreas A1 - Heinrichs, Harald A1 - Jaeger-Erben, Melanie T1 - Promoting neighbourhood sharing: infrastructures of convenience and community T2 - Buildings & Cities N2 - Against the background of high levels of energy and resource demand in the residential sector, this paper investigates one potential way of making housing more sufficient: sharing at the neighbourhood level. Evidence from French and German case studies of ‘collaborative housing’ and ‘developer-driven neighbourhood sharing’ is used to identify two types of popular sharing practices: community-oriented and convenience-oriented. The first group of sharing practices is underpinned by creating, maintaining and experiencing social ties with neighbours. The second group of practices is guided by getting day-to-day tasks done smoothly and efficiently. To support the establishment of such sharing practices, some social and organisational measures are suggested. Thus, convenience-oriented sharing practices may be promoted by infrastructures and associated services that optimise the availability of sharing facilities and minimise temporal stretches and consumption work involved in practice performances. Community-oriented sharing practices may benefit from infrastructural arrangements that enable chance encounters, privilege community spaces over private areas and create welcoming spatial atmospheres. KW - housing KW - neighbourhood KW - sharing KW - Germany KW - France KW - sufficiency KW - sustainability KW - services Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5334/bc.442 SN - 2632-6655 VL - 5 IS - 1 SP - 349 EP - 367 PB - Ubiquity Press, Ltd. ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fenner, Daniel A1 - Christen, Andreas A1 - Grimmond, Sue A1 - Meier, Fred A1 - Morrison, William A1 - Zeeman, Matthias A1 - Barlow, Janet A1 - Birkmann, Jörn A1 - Blunn, Lewis A1 - Chrysoulakis, Nektarios A1 - Clements, Matthew A1 - Glazer, Russell A1 - Hertwig, Denise A1 - Kotthaus, Simone A1 - König, Kai A1 - Looschelders, Dana A1 - Mitraka, Zina A1 - Poursanidis, Dimitris A1 - Tsirantonakis, Dimitris A1 - Bechtel, Benjamin A1 - Benjamin, Kit A1 - Beyrich, Frank A1 - Briegel, Ferdinand A1 - Feigel, Gregor A1 - Gertsen, Carlotta A1 - Iqbal, Nimra A1 - Kittner, Jonas A1 - Lean, Humphrey A1 - Liu, Yiqing A1 - Luo, Zhiwen A1 - McGrory, Megan A1 - Metzger, Swen A1 - Paskin, Matthew A1 - Ravan, Marvin A1 - Ruhtz, Thomas A1 - Saunders, Bethany A1 - Scherer, Dieter A1 - Smith, Stefan Thor A1 - Stretton, Megan A1 - Trachte, Katja A1 - Van Hove, Melania T1 - urbisphere-Berlin campaign: investigating multi-scale urban impacts on the atmospheric boundary layer T2 - Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society N2 - For next-generation weather and climate numerical models to resolve cities, both higher spatial resolution and sub-grid parameterizations of urban canopy-atmosphere processes are required. Key is to better understand intra-urban variability and urban-rural differences in atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) dynamics. This includes upwind-downwind effects due to cities’ influences on the atmosphere beyond their boundaries. To address these aspects a network of >25 ground-based remote-sensing sites was designed for the Berlin region (Germany), considering city form, function, and typical weather conditions. This allows investigation of how different urban densities and human activities impact ABL dynamics. As part of the interdisciplinary European Research Council Grant urbisphere, the network was operated from Autumn 2021 to Autumn 2022. Here we provide an overview of the scientific aims, campaign setup, and results from two days, highlighting multi-scale urban impacts on the atmosphere in combination with high-resolution numerical modeling at 100 m grid-spacing. During a spring day, the analyzes show systematic upwind-city-downwind effects in ABL heights, largely driven by urban-rural differences in surface heat fluxes. During a heatwave day, ABL height is remarkably deep, yet spatial differences in ABL heights are less pronounced due to overall dry soil conditions, resulting in similar observed surface heat fluxes. Our modeling results provide further insights into ABL characteristics not resolved by the observation network, highlighting synergies between both approaches. Our data and findings will support modeling to help deliver services to a wider community from citizens to those managing health, energy, transport, land-use and other city infrastructure and operations. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-23-0030.1 SN - 0003-0007 SN - 1520-0477 VL - 105 PB - American Meteorological Society ER - TY - GEN A1 - Morales, Carlos A1 - Plate, Paul A1 - Marth, Ludwig A1 - Naumann, Franziska A1 - Kot, Małgorzata A1 - Janowitz, Christoph A1 - Kus, Peter A1 - Zöllner, Marvin Hartwig A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo T1 - Bottom-up design of a supercycle recipe for atomic layer deposition of tunable Indium Gallium Zinc Oxide thin films T2 - ACS Applied Electronic Materials N2 - We present a successful bottom-up approach to design a generic plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition (PEALD) supercycle recipe to grow high-quality indium gallium zinc oxide (IGZO) thin films with tunable composition at a relatively low temperature of 150 °C. In situ real-time ellipsometric characterization in combination with ex situ complementary techniques has been used to optimize the deposition process and quality of the films by identifying and solving growth challenges such as degree of oxidation, nucleation delays, or elemental composition. The developed supercycle approach enables facile control of the target composition by adapting the subcycle ratios within the supercycle process. Compared to other low-temperature deposition techniques resulting in amorphous films, our PEALD–IGZO process at 150 °C results in nearly amorphous, nanocrystalline films. The preparation of IGZO films at low temperature by a supercycle PEALD approach allows controlling the thickness, composition, and electrical properties while preventing thermally induced segregation. KW - IGZO KW - PEALD KW - supercycle KW - XPS depth profiling KW - current density Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaelm.4c00730 SN - 2637-6113 VL - 6 IS - 8 SP - 5694 EP - 5704 PB - American Chemical Society (ACS) ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kockrow, Roberto T1 - Laboruntersuchung zu ergonomischen Effekten von ultrabreiten Curved Monitoren T2 - Zeitschrift für Arbeitswissenschaft Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s41449-024-00424-7 SN - 0340-2444 VL - 78 IS - 2 SP - 180 EP - 193 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vassiliadis, Vassilios S. A1 - Mappas, Vassileios A1 - Espaas, Tomas A. A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Isafiade, Adeniyi A1 - Möller, Klaus A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Reloading process systems engineering within chemical engineering T2 - Chemical Engineering Research and Design N2 - Established as a sub-discipline of Chemical Engineering in the 1960s by the late Professor R.W.H. Sargent at Imperial College London, Process Systems Engineering (PSE) has played a significant role in advancing the field, positioning it as a leading engineering discipline in the contemporary technological landscape. Rooted in Applied Mathematics and Computing, PSE aligns with the key components driving advancements in our modern, information-centric era. Sargent’s visionary foresight anticipated the evolution of early computational tools into fundamental elements for future technological and scientific breakthroughs, all while maintaining a central focus on Chemical Engineering. This paper aims to present concise and concrete ideas for propelling PSE into a new era of progress. The objective is twofold: to preserve PSE’s extensive and diverse knowledge base and to reposition it more prominently within modern Chemical Engineering, while also establishing robust connections with other data-driven engineering and applied science domains that play important roles in industrial and technological advancements. Rather than merely reacting to contemporary challenges, this article seeks to proactively create opportunities to lead the future of Chemical Engineering across its vital contributions in education, research, technology transfer, and business creation, fully leveraging its inherent multidisciplinarity and versatile character. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0263876224004568?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2024.07.066 VL - 209 SP - 380 EP - 398 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grüger, Lennart A1 - Jensch, Felix A1 - Dittrich, Fabian A1 - Härtel, Sebastian T1 - On the creation of a material bond between L-PBF-manufactured AZ91 and Ti-6Al-4V components in the context of medical applications T2 - Materials N2 - Within the scope of these investigations, the feasibility of a material bond between Ti-6Al-4V and the magnesium alloy AZ91 is analyzed. Ti-6Al-4V is frequently used for implants due to its biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, and specific strength. However, depending on the surface quality, the attachment behavior of the bone to the implant varies. Magnesium implants promote the regeneration of bone tissue and biodegrade as the bone tissue heals. Combining the properties of both materials in one implant enables a reduced implant volume and increased stability. For this reason, this study aims to demonstrate the feasibility of creating a material bond between the materials Ti-6Al-4V and AZ91. For this purpose, Ti-6Al-4V truncated cones and AZ91 sleeves were produced using the additive manufacturing process of laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF). The as-built sleeves were then pressed onto machined truncated cones. Since zinc serves as a lubricant and has good diffusion properties with the materials used as a result of heat treatment, a comparison was made between zinc-coated and the as-built Ti-6Al-4V samples. This showed that a bond was created after hot isostatic pressing and that the push-out force could be increased by more than 4.5 times. Consequently, a proof of feasibility was demonstrated, and a high potential for applications in medical technology was shown. KW - AZ91 KW - Ti6-Al-4V KW - L-PBF KW - implant technology Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17184667 SN - 1996-1944 VL - 17 IS - 18 PB - MDPI AG ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lorenzana, José A1 - Seibold, Götz T1 - Undamped higgs modes in strongly interacting superconductors T2 - Condens Matter N2 - In superconductors, gauge 𝑈(1) symmetry is spontaneously broken. According to Goldstone’s theorem, this breaking of a continuous symmetry establishes the existence of the Bogoliubov phase mode while the gauge-invariant response also includes the amplitude fluctuations of the order parameter. The latter, which are also termed ‘Higgs’ modes in analogy with the standard model, appear at the energy of the spectral gap 2Δ, when the superconducting ground state is evaluated within the weak-coupling BCS theory, and, therefore, are damped. Previously, we have shown that, within the time-dependent Gutzwiller approximation (TDGA), Higgs modes appear inside the gap with a finite binding energy relative to the quasiparticle continuum. Here, we show that the binding energy of the Higgs mode becomes exponentially small in the weak-coupling limit converging to the BCS solution. On the other hand, well-defined undamped amplitude modes exist in strongly coupled superconductors when the interaction energy becomes of the order of the bandwidth. KW - superconductivity KW - time-dependent Gutzwiller KW - collective modes Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/condmat9040038 VL - 9 IS - 4 SP - 1 EP - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schittenhelm, Catherine A1 - Kops, Maxime A1 - Moosburner, Maeve A1 - Fischer, Saskia M. A1 - Wachs, Sebastian T1 - Cybergrooming victimization among young people: a systematic review of prevalence rates, risk factors, and outcomes T2 - Adolescent Research Review N2 - Adolescence is marked by a unique blend of factors, including adolescents’ exploration of their emerging sexuality and growing engagement with digital media. As adolescents increasingly navigate online spaces, cybergrooming victimization has emerged as a significant concern for the development and protection of young people. Yet, there is a lack of systematic analyses of the current state of research. To this end, the present systematic review aimed to integrate existing quantitative research on prevalence rates, risk factors, and outcomes of cybergrooming victimization, informed by an adaptation of the General Aggression Model. Studies providing self-reported data on cybergrooming victimization of people between the ages of 5 and 21 were included. A total of 34 studies met all inclusion criteria, with most focusing on adolescence. Reported prevalence rates were characterized by strong heterogeneity, which could largely be attributed to the underlying methodology. Overall, the included studies showed that at least one in ten young people experiences cybergrooming victimization. Findings further indicated that various factors, for example, being a girl, being older, engaging in risky behavior, displaying problematic Internet use, reporting lower mental well-being, and experiencing other types of victimization, are positively associated with cybergrooming victimization. However, most studies’ cross-sectional designs did not allow for an evidence-based classification into risk factors, outcomes, and co-occurrences, so findings were embedded in the proposed model based on theoretical considerations. In addition, there is a noted lack of studies that include diverse samples, particularly younger children, LGBTQIA+ youth, and young people with special educational needs. These findings emphasize that cybergrooming victimization is a prevalent phenomenon among young people that requires prevention and victim support addressing multiple domains. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s40894-024-00248-w SN - 2363-8346 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ernst, Owen C. A1 - Uebel, David A1 - Brendler, Roman A1 - Kraushaar, Konstantin A1 - Steudel, Max A1 - Acker, Jörg A1 - Kroke, Edwin T1 - Silicon-28-Tetrafluoride as an educt of Isotope-Engineered Silicon Compounds and Bulk Materials for Quantum Systems T2 - Molecules N2 - This review provides a summary of the existing literature on a crucial raw material for the production of isotopically pure semiconductors, which are essential for the development of second-generation quantum systems. Silicon-28-tetrafluoride (28SiF4) is used as an educt for several isotope-engineered chemicals, such as silane-28 (28SiH4) and silicon-28-trichloride (28SiHCl3), which are needed in the pursuit of various quantum technologies. We are exploring the entire chain from the synthesis of 28SiF4 to quantum applications. This includes the chemical properties of SiF4, isotopic enrichment, conversion to silanes, conversion to bulk 28Si and thin films, the physical properties of 28Si (spin neutrality, thermal conductivity, optical properties), and the applications in quantum computing, photonics, and quantum sensing techniques. KW - isotopes KW - quantum computing KW - spintronic KW - microelectronics KW - enrichment KW - silane KW - tetrafluorosilane Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29174222 SN - 1420-3049 VL - 29 IS - 17 PB - MDPI AG ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sappl, Isabella A1 - Uhlenbrock, Greta A1 - Thier, Anne A1 - Schulze, Susanne A1 - Rapp, Michael A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Holmberg, Christine T1 - Psychosoziale Belastung und Arbeitsbedingungen des Pflegepersonals in Pflegeheimen in der Covid-19-Pandemie T2 - Pflege N2 - Hintergrund: Mit Beginn der Covid-19-Pandemie im März 2020 kam es zu zahlreichen Veränderungen im beruflichen Alltag von medizinischem Fachpersonal. Fragestellung: Da bisher das Augenmerk vor allem auf dem Klinikpersonal lag, ist es wichtig auch die Pflegesituation in den Alten- und Pflegeheimen zu betrachten. In dieser Studie wurden die Auswirkungen der Covid-19-Pandemie auf den beruflichen Alltag, die psychosoziale Situation und die interpersonellen Beziehungen des Pflegepersonals in Alten- und Pflegeheimen in Brandenburg untersucht. Methoden: Querschnittsbefragung von Pflegepersonal aus Alten- und Pflegeheimen im Land Brandenburg im Zeitraum von August bis Dezember 2020. Analyse der Fragebögen mittels deskriptiver Statistik und qualitativer thematischer Analyse. Ergebnisse: Einerseits führte die erhöhte Arbeitsbelastung bei erschwerten Arbeitsbedingungen durch Covid-19-Hygienemaßnahmen oder erhöhte Arbeitszeiten zu physischer und psychosozialer Belastung. Im Privatleben zeigte sich eine zunehmende soziale Isolation und die Veränderungen in den interpersonellen Beziehungen waren belastend. Andererseits berichteten die Teilnehmenden von Anerkennung und zunehmendem berufspolitischem Interesse. Schlussfolgerungen: Die Covid-19-Pandemie stellte bereits vorher bestehende Belastungen des Pflegepersonals besonders heraus. In Zukunft ist es wichtig, die bekannten Arbeitsbelastungen für das Pflegepersonal in Alten- und Pflegeheimen zu verbessern und Maßnahmen herauszuarbeiten, um einer Zunahme der Belastung in Situationen wie der Covid-19-Pandemie entgegenzuwirken. KW - COVID-19 KW - Pflege KW - Pflegeheim KW - Psychische Belastung Y1 - 2024 UR - https://econtent.hogrefe.com/doi/epdf/10.1024/1012-5302/a001007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1024/1012-5302/a001007 SN - 1664-283X ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fei, Tai A1 - Mukhopadhyay, Subhas A1 - Da Costa, João Paulo Javidi A1 - Gardill, Markus A1 - Liu, Shengheng A1 - Roychaudhuri, Chirasree A1 - Lan, Lan A1 - Demitri, Nevine T1 - Guest editorial special issue on smartness and robustness of spatial environment perception in automated systems T2 - IEEE Sensors Journal N2 - As the curtains close on this special issue dedicated to advanced sensor research, we reflect on the critical role sensor technology plays in the future of automation. Throughout this issue, we have explored significant advancements and ongoing challenges in developing intelligent, resilient automated systems. A key theme is the vital need for smarter, more robust sensing systems. Modern sensors, now more adaptable, adjust their operations based on external changes, crucial for maximizing automation in varied real-world situations. Efforts to enhance sensor robustness have produced improvements in performance in extreme conditions, cybersecurity, cost-effective solutions, and flexible system requirements while preserving performance. The addition of self-monitoring and calibration features allows for continuous refinement of sensor accuracy and rapid problem detection, boosting system reliability. The capacity for seamlessly integrating alternative technologies when specific sensors fail further strengthens system resilience. This issue includes 33 manuscripts selected from 65 submissions, exploring these diverse aspects. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2024.3409137 SN - 1558-1748 VL - 24 IS - 14 SP - 21800 EP - 21800 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Retkowski, Alexandra A1 - Glunde, Bettina A1 - Hilbig, Melanie T1 - Transformation privaträumlicher Lebenswelten : Herausforderungen von Beratungsprozessen im Kontext des Wohnens im Alter in ländlichen Räumen T2 - Soziale Passagen : Journal für Empirie und Theorie Sozialer Arbeit N2 - Der Beitrag greift mit der Wohnraumberatung ein bislang in Deutschland öffentlich kaum wahrgenommenes und wissenschaftlich gering untersuchtes Tätigkeitsfeld von Fachleuten auf, die über eine Zusatzqualifikation verfügen und unterschiedlichen Grundberufen wie z. B. Sozialarbeiter*innen, Mitarbeiter*innen des Gesundheitsdienstes oder der Wohnungswirtschaft nachgehen oder aber ehrenamtlich tätig sind. Das Handlungsfeld ist mit Blick auf sozialökologische Transformationsprozesse von immenser Bedeutung, da es an der Schnittstelle von privater Lebenswelt, gesundheitsbezogener Daseinsvorsorge und auf Nachhaltigkeit ausgerichteten sozialräumlichen Entwicklungen liegt. Vor diesem Hintergrund entwirft der Beitrag mit dem Konzept der sozialräumlichen Resilienz einen Orientierungsrahmen für Professionalisierungsoptionen des Beratungsangebots zur Wohnraumanpassung älterer Menschen. Am Beispiel des Brandenburger Teils der Lausitz werden Fragen der präventiven Gesundheitsvorsorge mit den regional und besonders im ländlichen Raum gegebenen Krisenphänomenen des demografischen Wandels, des Fachkräftemangels im Sozial- und Gesundheitssektor sowie den ökologischen Dimensionen im Wohn- und Bausektor in Verbindung gebracht. Diese Perspektive auf Beratungsprozesse steht vor der besonderen Herausforderung, die Bedarfe und Bedürfnisse älterer Menschen nach Versorgung, Barrierefreiheit und Selbstständigkeit ins Verhältnis zu setzen zur Notwendigkeit, die ältere Bevölkerung gleichsam auch als Akteur*innen des sozialökologischen Strukturwandels zu adressieren. In diesem Zusammenhang kann Wohnraumberatung als Medium gesellschaftlicher, transdisziplinärer Aushandlungsprozesse verstanden werden, welche individuelle, sozialräumliche und ökologische Aspekte in der Daseinsvorsorge berücksichtigt. T2 - Transformation of private living environments : Challenges of counselling processes in the context of living in old age in rural areas KW - Wohnraumberatung Sozialökologischer Wandel Resilienz Senior*innen Strukturwandel Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12592-024-00502-x SN - 1867-0199 SN - 1867-0180 IS - 16 SP - 75 EP - 89 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Eichenseer, Patrick A1 - Winkler, Herwig T1 - A data-oriented shopfloor management in the production context: a systematic literature review T2 - The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology N2 - AbstractData not only plays an essential role in traditional shopfloor management, but it is also becoming even more important in Industry 4.0, particularly due to the increasing possibilities offered by new digital and data technologies and developments. In this context, the literature often refers to digital shopfloor management, the next generation shopfloor or other evolutionary synonyms. This raises the question of how to differentiate the content of data-oriented shopfloor management from digital shopfloor management. This paper discusses the state of the art — in terms of both data and digital perspectives — using a systematic literature review. Due to the complexity of the topic, three different levels of consideration — technology, organisation and people — are examined and discussed. Existing conceptual approaches are analysed in terms of conclusions and research gaps. It was found that the area of technology, including dedicated applications, is very well represented and researched in the literatur Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-024-14238-8 SN - 0268-3768 VL - 134 SP - 4071 EP - 4097 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Riedel, Ramona A1 - Meißner, Karsten A1 - Kaschubowski, Arne A1 - Benndorf, Dirk A1 - Martienssen, Marion A1 - Braun, Burga T1 - Laundry isolate Delftia sp. UBM14 capable of biodegrading industrially relevant aminophosphonates N2 - Phosphonates such as ethylenediaminetetra (methylenephosphonic acid) (EDTMP) and aminotris (methylenephosphonic acid) (ATMP) are used every day in water treatment processes or in household products. Their consumption is still increasing, regardless of the debates on their environmental impact. Here, the microbial characterisation and determination of the biodegradation potential of selected industrially relevant phosphonates for the isolate Delftia sp. UMB14 is reported. The opportunistic strain was isolated from a biofilm that was derived from a conventional washing machine using conventional detergents containing phosphonates. In antimicrobial susceptibility testing, the strain was only susceptible to sulfonamide, tetracycline, and chloramphenicol. Physiological and biochemical characteristics were determined using the BIOLOG EcoPlate assay. Most importantly, the strain was shown to convert D-malic acid and D-mannitol, as confirmed for strains of Delftia lacustris, and thus the new isolate could be closely related. Biodegradation tests with different phosphonates showed that the strain preferentially degrades ATMP and EDTMP but does not degrade glyphosate (GS) and amino (methylphosphonic acid) (AMPA). A specific gene amplification confirmed the presence of phnX (phosphonoacetaldehyde hydrolase) and the absence of PhnJ (the gene for the core component of C–P lyase). The presence of PhnCDE is strongly suggested for the strain, as it is common in Delftia lacustris species. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12081664 SN - 2076-2607 VL - 12 IS - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Quinlan, Laura A1 - Brooks, Talia A1 - Ghaemi, Nasrin A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey A1 - Irandoost, Maryam A1 - Sharifianjazi, Fariborz A1 - Amini Horri, Bahman T1 - Synthesis and characterisation of nanocrystalline CoxFe1−xGDC powders as a functional anode material for the solid oxide fuel cell T2 - Materials N2 - The necessity for high operational temperatures presents a considerable obstacle to the commercial viability of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). The introduction of active co-dopant ions to polycrystalline solid structures can directly impact the physiochemical and electrical properties of the resulting composites including crystallite size, lattice parameters, ionic and electronic conductivity, sinterability, and mechanical strength. This study proposes cobalt–iron-substituted gadolinium-doped ceria (CoxFe1-xGDC) as an innovative, nickel-free anode composite for developing ceramic fuel cells. A new co-precipitation technique using ammonium tartrate as the precipitant in a multi-cationic solution with Co2+, Gd3+, Fe3+, and Ce3+ ions was utilized. The physicochemical and morphological characteristics of the synthesized samples were systematically analysed using a comprehensive set of techniques, including DSC/TGA for a thermal analysis, XRD for a crystallographic analysis, SEM/EDX for a morphological and elemental analysis, FT-IR for a chemical bonding analysis, and Raman spectroscopy for a vibrational analysis. The morphological analysis, SEM, showed the formation of nanoparticles (≤15 nm), which corresponded well with the crystal size determined by the XRD analysis, which was within the range of ≤10 nm. The fabrication of single SOFC bilayers occurred within an electrolyte-supported structure, with the use of the GDC as the electrolyte layer and the CoO–Fe2O3/GDC composite as the anode. SEM imaging and the EIS analysis were utilized to examine the fabricated symmetrical cells. KW - Co KW - SOFC anode KW - solid oxide fuel cell KW - electrical conductivity KW - SOFC materials Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17153864 SN - 1996-1944 VL - 17 IS - 15 PB - MDPI ER - TY - GEN A1 - Belili, Mohamed Cherif A1 - Sahari, Mohamed Lamine A1 - Kebiri, Omar A1 - Zeghdoudi, Halim T1 - Analyzing bifurcations and optimal control strategies in SIRS epidemic models: insights from theory and COVID-19 data T2 - Mathematical and Computational Applications N2 - This study investigates the dynamic behavior of an SIRS epidemic model in discrete time, focusing primarily on mathematical analysis. We identify two equilibrium points, disease-free and endemic, with our main focus on the stability of the endemic state. Using data from the US Department of Health and optimizing the SIRS model, we estimate model parameters and analyze two types of bifurcations: Flip and Transcritical. Bifurcation diagrams and curves are presented, employing the Carcasses method. for the Flip bifurcation and an implicit function approach for the Transcritical bifurcation. Finally, we apply constrained optimal control to the infection and recruitment rates in the discrete SIRS model. Pontryagin’s maximum principle is employed to determine the optimal controls. Utilizing COVID-19 data from the USA, we showcase the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy in mitigating the pandemic’s spread. KW - flip bifurcation KW - transcritical bifurcation KW - bifurcation curve KW - discrete epidemic model KW - stability KW - numerical simulation KW - optimal control Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/mca29040069 SN - 2297-8747 VL - 29 IS - 4 PB - MDPI ER - TY - GEN A1 - Oprei, Anna A1 - Schreckinger, José A1 - Mutz, Michael A1 - Kamjunke, Norbert A1 - Worrich, Anja A1 - Risse-Buhl, Ute T1 - Migrating ripples create streambed heterogeneity altering microbial diversity and metabolic activity T2 - Limnology and Oceanography KW - Sandy sediments KW - lowland streams Y1 - 2024 UR - https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/19395590 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.12631 SN - 1939-5590 SN - 0024-3590 VL - 69 IS - 8 SP - 1882 EP - 1899 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ryo, Masahiro A1 - Schiller, Josepha A1 - Stiller, Stefan A1 - Palacio, Juan Camilo Rivera A1 - Mengsuwan, Konlavach A1 - Safonova, Anastasiia A1 - Wei, Yuqi T1 - Deep learning for sustainable agriculture needs ecology and human involvement T2 - Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment N2 - Deep learning is an emerging data analytic tool that can improve predictability, efficiency and sustainability in agriculture. With a bibliometric analysis of 156 articles, we show how deep learning methods have been applied in the context of sustainable agriculture. As a general publication trend, China and India are leading countries for publication, international collaboration is still minor. Deep learning has been popularly applied in the context of smart agriculture across scales for individual plant monitoring, field monitoring, field operation and robotics, predicting soil, water and climate conditions and landscape‐level monitoring of land use and crop types. We identified that the potential of deep learning had been investigated mainly for predicting soil (abiotic), water, climate and vegetation dynamics, but ecological characteristics are critically understudied. We also highlight key themes that can be better addressed with deep learning for fostering sustainable agriculture: (i) including above‐ and belowground ecological dynamics such as ecosystem functioning and ecotone, (ii) evaluating agricultural impacts on other ecosystems and (iii) incorporating the knowledge and opinions of domain experts and stakeholders into artificial intelligence. We propose that deep learning needs to go beyond automatic data analysis by integrating ecological and human knowledge to foster sustainable agriculture. KW - biodiversity KW - deep learning KW - ecology KW - smart agriculture KW - sustainable agriculture Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/sae2.12036 SN - 2767-035X VL - 2 IS - 1 SP - 40 EP - 44 PB - Wiley ER - TY - GEN A1 - Synodinos, Alexis D. A1 - Karnatak, Rajat A1 - Aguilar‐Trigueros, Carlos A. A1 - Gras, Pierre A1 - Heger, Tina A1 - Ionescu, Danny A1 - Maaß, Stefanie A1 - Musseau, Camille L. A1 - Onandia, Gabriela A1 - Planillo, Aimara A1 - Weiss, Lina A1 - Wollrab, Sabine A1 - Ryo, Masahiro T1 - The rate of environmental change as an important driver across scales in ecology T2 - Oikos N2 - Global change has been predominantly studied from the prism of ‘how much' rather than ‘how fast' change occurs. Associated to this, there has been a focus on environmental drivers crossing a critical value and causing so‐called regime shifts. This presupposes that the rate at which environmental conditions change is slow enough to allow the ecological entity to remain close to a stable attractor (e.g. an equilibrium). However, environmental change is occurring at unprecedented rates. Equivalently to the classical regime shifts, theory shows that a critical threshold in rates of change can exist, which can cause rate‐induced tipping (R‐tipping). However, the potential implications of R‐tipping in ecology remain understudied. We aim to facilitate the application of R‐tipping theory in ecology with the objective of identifying which properties (e.g. level of organisation) increase susceptibility to rates of change. First, we clarify the fundamental difference between tipping caused by the magnitude as opposed to the rate of change crossing a threshold. Then we present examples of R‐tipping from the ecological literature and seek the ecological properties related to higher sensitivity to rates of change. Specifically, we consider the role of the level of ecological organisation, spatial processes, eco‐evolutionary dynamics and pair–wise interactions in mediating or buffering rate‐induced transitions. Finally, we discuss how targeted experiments can investigate the mechanisms associated to increasing rates of change. Ultimately, we seek to highlight the need to better understand how rates of environmental change may induce ecological responses and to facilitate the systematic study of rates of environmental change in the context of current global change. KW - climate change KW - ecological communities KW - eco-evo feedbacks KW - transitions KW - global change KW - R-tipping KW - temporal ecology Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/oik.09616 SN - 0030-1299 VL - 2023 IS - 4 PB - Wiley ER - TY - GEN A1 - Edlinger, Anna A1 - Garland, Gina A1 - Banerjee, Samiran A1 - Degrune, Florine A1 - García‐Palacios, Pablo A1 - Herzog, Chantal A1 - Pescador, David Sánchez A1 - Romdhane, Sana A1 - Ryo, Masahiro A1 - Saghaï, Aurélien A1 - Hallin, Sara A1 - Maestre, Fernando T. A1 - Philippot, Laurent A1 - Rillig, Matthias C. A1 - Heijden, Marcel G. A. van der T1 - The impact of agricultural management on soil aggregation and carbon storage is regulated by climatic thresholds across a 3000 km European gradient T2 - Global Change Biology N2 - Organic carbon and aggregate stability are key features of soil quality and are important to consider when evaluating the potential of agricultural soils as carbon sinks. However, we lack a comprehensive understanding of how soil organic carbon (SOC) and aggregate stability respond to agricultural management across wide environmental gradients. Here, we assessed the impact of climatic factors, soil properties and agricultural management (including land use, crop cover, crop diversity, organic fertilization, and management intensity) on SOC and the mean weight diameter of soil aggregates, commonly used as an indicator for soil aggregate stability, across a 3000 km European gradient. Soil aggregate stability (−56%) and SOC stocks (−35%) in the topsoil (20 cm) were lower in croplands compared with neighboring grassland sites (uncropped sites with perennial vegetation and little or no external inputs). Land use and aridity were strong drivers of soil aggregation explaining 33% and 20% of the variation, respectively. SOC stocks were best explained by calcium content (20% of explained variation) followed by aridity (15%) and mean annual temperature (10%). We also found a threshold‐like pattern for SOC stocks and aggregate stability in response to aridity, with lower values at sites with higher aridity. The impact of crop management on aggregate stability and SOC stocks appeared to be regulated by these thresholds, with more pronounced positive effects of crop diversity and more severe negative effects of crop management intensity in nondryland compared with dryland regions. We link the higher sensitivity of SOC stocks and aggregate stability in nondryland regions to a higher climatic potential for aggregate‐mediated SOC stabilization. The presented findings are relevant for improving predictions of management effects on soil structure and C storage and highlight the need for site‐specific agri‐environmental policies to improve soil quality and C sequestration. KW - aggregate stability KW - agro-ecosystems KW - aridity KW - climatic threshold KW - environmental gradient KW - intensive agriculture KW - soil organic carbon Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16677 SN - 1354-1013 VL - 29 IS - 11 SP - 3177 EP - 3192 PB - Wiley ER - TY - GEN A1 - Riva, Federico A1 - Graco-Roza, Caio A1 - Daskalova, Gergana N. A1 - Hudgins, Emma J. A1 - Lewthwaite, Jayme M. M. A1 - Newman, Erica A. A1 - Ryo, Masahiro A1 - Mammola, Stefano T1 - Toward a cohesive understanding of ecological complexity T2 - Science Advances N2 - Ecological systems are quintessentially complex systems. Understanding and being able to predict phenomena typical of complex systems is, therefore, critical to progress in ecology and conservation amidst escalating global environmental change. However, myriad definitions of complexity and excessive reliance on conventional scientific approaches hamper conceptual advances and synthesis. Ecological complexity may be better understood by following the solid theoretical basis of complex system science (CSS). We review features of ecological systems described within CSS and conduct bibliometric and text mining analyses to characterize articles that refer to ecological complexity. Our analyses demonstrate that the study of complexity in ecology is a highly heterogeneous, global endeavor that is only weakly related to CSS. Current research trends are typically organized around basic theory, scaling, and macroecology. We leverage our review and the generalities identified in our analyses to suggest a more coherent and cohesive way forward in the study of complexity in ecology. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abq4207 SN - 2375-2548 VL - 9 IS - 25 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wei, Yuqi A1 - Wei, Bin A1 - Ryo, Masahiro A1 - Bi, Yixian A1 - Sun, Xiangyun A1 - Zhang, Yingjun A1 - Liu, Nan T1 - Grazing facilitates litter-derived soil organic carbon formation in grasslands by fostering microbial involvement through microenvironment modification T2 - CATENA N2 - Grasslands store 10–30 % of the global soil organic carbon (SOC) and have the potential to mitigate the increase in atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Grazing plays a crucial role in regulating SOC storage in grassland ecosystems. However, the mechanistic understanding of how grazing influences the SOC dynamic still needs to be improved. We investigated how grazing-induced microenvironment changes influence the microbial assimilation of plant litter C and SOC formation from decomposed litter C in a multi-year field experiment, where grazing was simulated with mowing, dung and urine return, and trampling. We incubated 13C labeled litter in PVC collars to trace the microbial assimilation of litter C and the fate of litter C in the SOC after decomposition. While the grazing treatments changed soil properties marginally, mowing decreased above-ground plant biomass, litter mass, plant height, and plant cover (−12 % to −79 %). Accordingly, mowing treatment increased the exposure of litter to UV radiation (+38 %) and therefore facilitated the microbial assimilation of litter C (+20 %) and the SOC formation (+15 %). Trampling treatment promoted the transformation of litter C to SOC pools by mixing litter and soil (+34 %). Dung and urea return treatment did not affect SOC formation due to a marginal change in available nitrogen. Collectively, our results suggest that grazing facilitates litter-derived SOC formation by regulating microbial involvement through changes in the microenvironment. Our study indicates that grazing promotes SOC formation from plant litter, which maintains SOC storage in grasslands. Accurate quantification of the contribution of plant C input to SOC pools in different grasslands under various utilization is the next step to better predict SOC dynamics. KW - 13C-stable isotope KW - Grazing KW - Microenvironment KW - PLFA-SIP KW - Soil microbial assimilation KW - Soil organic carbon (SOC) formation Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2023.107389 SN - 0341-8162 VL - 232 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Safonova, Anastasiia A1 - Ghazaryan, Gohar A1 - Stiller, Stefan A1 - Main-Knorn, Magdalena A1 - Nendel, Claas A1 - Ryo, Masahiro T1 - Ten deep learning techniques to address small data problems with remote sensing T2 - International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation N2 - Researchers and engineers have increasingly used Deep Learning (DL) for a variety of Remote Sensing (RS) tasks. However, data from local observations or via ground truth is often quite limited for training DL models, especially when these models represent key socio-environmental problems, such as the monitoring of extreme, destructive climate events, biodiversity, and sudden changes in ecosystem states. Such cases, also known as small data problems, pose significant methodological challenges. This review summarises these challenges in the RS domain and the possibility of using emerging DL techniques to overcome them. We show that the small data problem is a common challenge across disciplines and scales that results in poor model generalisability and transferability. We then introduce an overview of ten promising DL techniques: transfer learning, self-supervised learning, semi-supervised learning, few-shot learning, zero-shot learning, active learning, weakly supervised learning, multitask learning, process-aware learning, and ensemble learning; we also include a validation technique known as spatial k-fold cross validation. Our particular contribution was to develop a flowchart that helps DL users select which technique to use given by answering a few questions. We hope that our review article facilitate DL applications to tackle societally important environmental problems with limited reference data. KW - Small data problems KW - Remote sensing KW - Deep learning KW - Transfer learning KW - Few-shot learning KW - Zero-shot learning KW - Self-supervised learning Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2023.103569 SN - 1569-8432 VL - 125 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Buß, Lars A1 - Zamborlini, Giovanni A1 - Sulaiman, Cathy A1 - Ewert, Moritz A1 - Cinchetti, Mirko A1 - Falta, Jens A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo T1 - Hexagons on rectangles: Epitaxial graphene on Ru(10-10) T2 - Carbon N2 - Ruthenium is emerging as a promising candidate to replace copper in highly integrated electronics by enabling barrierless metallization in ultrathin interconnects. From this perspective, the study of graphene growth on such surface templates is of paramount importance as a platform for graphene integration in electronic devices. In particular, graphene growth on the Ru (10-10) surface allows selective growth of different graphene orientations, one-dimensional structures, and reduced substrate interaction compared to the well-established hexagonal Ru(0001) substrate. Real-time growth observations using low-energy electron microscopy and micro-diffraction highlight the influence of substrate symmetry on graphene growth, leading to the formation of rectangular islands with distinct zigzag- or armchair-terminated edges. Bilayer formation on Ru(10-10) occurs by nucleation of graphene nanoribbons under the monolayer. Micro-spot angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy shows significantly less charge-transfer doping in these freestanding, zigzag-terminated bilayer graphene nanoribbons, indicating reduced graphene-substrate interaction and hence more effective decoupling as compared to graphene/Ru(0001). Our results show that the growth of graphene on non-hexagonal substrates opens new pathways for tailoring the graphene-substrate interaction at the interface, and thus the properties of graphene beyond the limits imposed by hexagonal substrates. KW - low-energy electron microscopy (LEEM) KW - angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES) KW - Nanoribbons KW - Graphene KW - Ruthenium Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2024.119600 SN - 0008-6223 VL - 231 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Popova-Gorelova, Daria A1 - Santra, Robin T1 - Atomic-scale imaging of laser-driven electron dynamics in solids T2 - Communications Physics N2 - AbstractResolving laser-driven electron dynamics on their natural time and length scales is essential for understanding and controlling light-induced phenomena. Capabilities to reveal these dynamics are limited by challenges in interpreting wave mixing of a driving and a probe pulse, low energy resolution at ultrashort time scales and a lack of atomic-scale resolution by standard spectroscopic techniques. Here, we demonstrate how ultrafast x-ray diffraction can access fundamental information on laser-driven electronic motion in solids. We propose a method based on subcycle-resolved x-ray-optical wave mixing that allows for a straightforward reconstruction of key properties of strong-field-induced electron dynamics with atomic spatial resolution. Namely, this technique provides both phases and amplitudes of the spatial Fourier transform of optically-induced charge distributions, their temporal behavior, and the direction of the instantaneous microscopic optically-induced electron current flow. It captures the rich microscopic structures and symmetry features of laser-driven electronic charge and current density distributions. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s42005-024-01810-7 SN - 2399-3650 VL - 7 IS - 1 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Popova-Gorelova, Daria T1 - Perspective: towards real-time extreme ultraviolet to x-ray imaging and spectroscopy of laser-driven materials T2 - Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics N2 - Optical manipulation of light is a highly relevant concept in modern solid-state physics and its microscopic mechanisms are widely investigated. From this perspective, we discuss how x-ray and extreme ultraviolet pulses that probe a material during the time it is driven by optical light can deliver valuable microscopic details about electron dynamics. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6455/ad5fd4 SN - 0953-4075 VL - 57 IS - 17 PB - IOP Publishing ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nowack, Kati T1 - Beauty in the eye of the self: novices’ aesthetic art preferences, stimulation potential, and self-concepts T2 - Current Psychology N2 - This study investigated the underlying structure of novices’ aesthetic preferences for visual art. 478 participants were presented with paintings from realism, impressionism, expressionism, and contemporary disrupted realism and asked to indicate on a 5-point Likert scale how much they liked each painting. One subsample (n = 276) also rated how stimulating they found each painting in order to investigate interrelations with arousal. A second subsample (n = 202) completed the Aspects of Identity Questionnaire (Cheek & Cheek, 2018) and the Relationality-Contextuality Scale (Gollwitzer et al., 2006) to investigate interrelations with identity orientation and self-construal. First, principal component analysis revealed two style-related and four content-related aesthetic components that differed from the classic art movement categorization: expressionist, dark, communal, interior, still-life, and landscape. Second, age, gender, and art engagement were interrelated with aesthetic ratings but not stimulation ratings. Third, an inverse relationship between stimulation potential and aesthetic preferences was found that challenges theories of an inverted U-shaped relationship. Fourth, self-construal, identity orientation and aesthetic preferences were interrelated in support of the notion of an “aesthetic self” (Fingerhut et al., 2021). This study not only advances current knowledge on the influences of stimulation potential, self-construal and identity orientation. It also indicates that impressionist and realist art depicting landscapes or social themes may offer novices an easier way into the art world than expressionist art or art characterized by darker, more muted colors. KW - Social aesthetics, Self-construal, Identity orientation, Arousal, Visual art Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-024-06832-6 SN - 1046-1310 VL - 43 IS - 39 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Newiak, Denis T1 - Moderne Einsamkeiten, televisuelle Gemeinschaften: wie Fernsehserien die Gesellschaft zusammenhalten T2 - mediendiskurs N2 - Seit Beginn der TV-Ära und noch bis Anfang der 1990er-Jahre galt das Fernsehen als eine Art „Vereinsamungsmaschine“: Fernsehende würden vor ihren Fernsehgeräten nicht mehr miteinander reden, den Anschluss an die außermediale Realität verlieren und sich psychologisch isolieren. An die Stelle dieser fernsehkritischen Vorbehalte sind in der jüngeren Vergangenheit (nicht zuletzt durch das Aufkommen von Quality-TV-Serien und eine intensivere Fernsehforschung) überwiegend positivere Grundhaltungen getreten, die die vergemeinschaftenden Funktionen von Fernsehserien in den Mittelpunkt rücken: Im Forschungsdiskurs setzen sich zunehmend Konzepte durch, die die vielfältigen Funktionen von Vergemeinschaftung durch Formen televisueller Serialität betonen und die vereinsamenden Effekte als vernachlässigbar betrachten. Der Beitrag gibt einen Überblick der wichtigsten Diskurslinien zu den vergemeinschaftenden Modi von Fernsehserien in Zeiten zunehmender Vereinsamung in den modernen Gesellschaften. KW - TV Studies, Fernsehwissenschaft, Mediensoziologie, Medienpsychologie, Mediensozialisation Y1 - 2024 UR - https://mediendiskurs.online/beitrag/moderne-einsamkeiten-televisuelle-gemeinschaften-beitrag-1191/ SN - 2751-0387 VL - 28 IS - 3 SP - 46 EP - 51 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Skedzuhn-Safir, Alexandra T1 - Powerful patina: the value of Odors in a Tibetan Buddhist Temple T2 - Journal of the American Institute for Conservation KW - heritage, smell, conservation, Ladakh Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/01971360.2024.2393532 SN - 0197-1360 PB - Informa UK Limited ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stiller, Stefan A1 - Dueñas, Juan F A1 - Hempel, Stefan A1 - Rillig, Matthias C. A1 - Ryo, Masahiro T1 - Deep learning image analysis for filamentous fungi taxonomic classification: dealing with small datasets with class imbalance and hierarchical grouping T2 - Biology Methods and Protocols N2 - Deep learning applications in taxonomic classification for animals and plants from images have become popular, while those for microorganisms are still lagging behind. Our study investigated the potential of deep learning for the taxonomic classification of hundreds of filamentous fungi from colony images, which is typically a task that requires specialized knowledge. We isolated soil fungi, annotated their taxonomy using standard molecular barcode techniques, and took images of the fungal colonies grown in petri dishes (n = 606). We applied a convolutional neural network with multiple training approaches and model architectures to deal with some common issues in ecological datasets: small amounts of data, class imbalance, and hierarchically structured grouping. Model performance was overall low, mainly due to the relatively small dataset, class imbalance, and the high morphological plasticity exhibited by fungal colonies. However, our approach indicates that morphological features like color, patchiness, and colony extension rate could be used for the recognition of fungal colonies at higher taxonomic ranks (i.e. phylum, class, and order). Model explanation implies that image recognition characters appear at different positions within the colony (e.g. outer or inner hyphae) depending on the taxonomic resolution. Our study suggests the potential of deep learning applications for a better understanding of the taxonomy and ecology of filamentous fungi amenable to axenic culturing. Meanwhile, our study also highlights some technical challenges in deep learning image analysis in ecology, highlighting that the domain of applicability of these methods needs to be carefully considered. KW - Metagenomics and Environmental Biology KW - Computational Methods KW - Imaging technologies Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/biomethods/bpae063 SN - 2396-8923 VL - 9 IS - 1 PB - Oxford University Press (OUP) ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gnegel, Fabian A1 - Schaudt, Stefan A1 - Clausen, Uwe A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin T1 - A graph-refinement algorithm to minimize squared delivery delays using parcel robots T2 - Mathematics Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/math12203201 SN - 2227-7390 VL - 12 IS - 20 PB - MDPI AG ER - TY - GEN A1 - Benko, Matúš A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick T1 - On the directional asymptotic approach in optimization theory T2 - Mathematical Programming Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10107-024-02089-w SN - 1436-4646 SN - 0025-5610 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Domínguez Corella, Alberto A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Stability and genericity of bang-bang controls in affine problems T2 - SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1137/23m1586446 VL - 62 IS - 3 SP - 1669 EP - 1689 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Takam, Paul Honore A1 - Wunderlich, Ralf T1 - Model order reduction for the input–output behavior of a geothermal energy storage T2 - Journal of Engineering Mathematics Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10665-024-10398-4 SN - 0022-0833 VL - 148 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 34 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gabih, Abdelali A1 - Kondakji, Hakam A1 - Wunderlich, Ralf T1 - Power utility maximization with expert opinions at fixed arrival times in a market with hidden Gaussian drift T2 - Annals of Operations Research Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10479-024-06172-5 SN - 0254-5330 VL - 341 IS - 2-3 SP - 897 EP - 936 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vidal-Verdú, Àngela A1 - Torrent, Daniel A1 - Iglesias, Alba A1 - Latorre-Pérez, Adriel A1 - Abendroth, Christian A1 - Corbín-Agustí, Paola A1 - Peretó, Juli A1 - Porcar, Manuel T1 - The highly differentiated gut of Pachnoda marginata hosts sequential microbiomes: microbial ecology and potential applications T2 - npj Biofilms and Microbiomes N2 - Insect gut microbiomes play a crucial role in the insect development and are shaped, among other factors, by the specialized insect diet habits as well as the morphological structure of the gut. Rose chafers (Pachnoda spp.; Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) have a highly differentiated gut characterized by a pronounced hindgut dilation which resembles a miniaturized rumen. Specifically, the species Pachnoda marginata has not been previously studied in detail in terms of microbial ecology. Here, we show a fine scale study of the highly compartmentalized gut of P. marginata by using amplicon and metagenomic sequencing to shed light on the bacterial, archaeal and fungal communities thriving in each section of the gut. We found a microbial gradient along the gut from aerobic (foregut) to strictly anaerobic communities (hindgut). In addition, we have characterized interesting biological activities and metabolic pathways of gut microbial communities related to cellulose degradation, methane production and sulfate reduction. Taken together, our results reveal the highly diverse microbial community and the potential of P. marginata gut as a source of industrially relevant microbial diversity. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41522-024-00531-7 SN - 2055-5008 VL - 10 IS - 1 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Barth, Maximilian A1 - Werner, Magdalena A1 - Otto, Pascal A1 - Richwien, Benjamin A1 - Bahramsari, Samira A1 - Krause, Maximilian A1 - Schwan, Benjamin A1 - Abendroth, Christian T1 - Microwave-assisted organic acids and green hydrogen production during mixed culture fermentation T2 - Biotechnology for Biofuels and Bioproducts N2 - Background: The integration of anaerobic digestion into bio-based industries can create synergies that help render anaerobic digestion self-sustaining. Two-stage digesters with separate acidification stages allow for the production of green hydrogen and short-chain fatty acids, which are promising industrial products. Heat shocks can be used to foster the production of these products, the practical applicability of this treatment is often not addressed sufficiently, and the presented work therefore aims to close this gap. Methods: Batch experiments were conducted in 5 L double-walled tank reactors incubated at 37 °C. Short microwave heat shocks of 25 min duration and exposure times of 5–10 min at 80 °C were performed and compared to oven heat shocks. Pairwise experimental group differences for gas production and chemical parameters were determined using ANOVA and post–hoc tests. High-throughput 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing was performed to analyse taxonomic profiles. Results: After heat–shocking the entire seed sludge, the highest hydrogen productivity was observed at a substrate load of 50 g/l with 1.09 mol H2/mol hexose. With 1.01 mol H2/mol hexose, microwave-assisted treatment was not significantly different from oven-based treatments. This study emphasised the better repeatability of heat shocks with microwave-assisted experiments, revealing low variation coefficients averaging 29%. The pre-treatment with microwaves results in a high predictability and a stronger microbial community shift to Clostridia compared to the treatment with the oven. The pre-treatment of heat shocks supported the formation of butyric acid up to 10.8 g/l on average, with a peak of 24.01 g/l at a butyric/acetic acid ratio of 2.0. Conclusion: The results support the suitability of using heat shock for the entire seed sludge rather than just a small inoculum, making the process more relevant for industrial applications. The performed microwave-based treatment has proven to be a promising alternative to oven-based treatments, which ultimately may facilitate their implementation into industrial systems. This approach becomes economically sustainable with high-temperature heat pumps with a coefficient of performance (COP) of 4.3. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s13068-024-02573-7 SN - 2731-3654 VL - 17 IS - 1 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Becker, L. A1 - Storck, Peter A1 - Liu, Y. A1 - Schwalb, G. A1 - Schroeder, Thomas A1 - Fischer, Inga Anita A1 - Albrecht, M. T1 - Optimizing misfit dislocation glide kinetics for enhanced threading dislocation density reduction in Si1− xGex/Si (001) layers through dynamic growth rate control T2 - Journal of Applied Physics Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0204318 SN - 0021-8979 SN - 1089-7550 VL - 135 IS - 20 SP - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bestle, Dieter A1 - Bielitz, Timo T1 - Real‐time models for systems with costly or unknown dynamics T2 - Special Issue: 94th Annual Meeting of the International Association of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics (GAMM) N2 - Many applications require real‐time simulation where the computer model can be executed at least as fast as the underlying physical system. However, as the complexity of models grows, for example, in case of flexible multibody dynamics accounting for body elasticity, this becomes harder even with high‐end computers and parallel computing. Further the modeling itself could be too cumbersome to come up with causal models, especially in industrial applications, or modeling is inhibited by unknown physical effects. In such cases, data‐based modeling with AI‐strategies may be an alternative to come up with real‐time capable simulation models. Based on measured or costly simulated trajectories, state function values of the dynamic system are first identified from divided differences of subsequent states, and then used for training a feedforward neural network. This can then be used as an approximate surrogate for further simulations or as part of a real‐time application. Applications to the Duffing equation and a closed‐loop mechanism demonstrate high conformity of predicted and directly simulated trajectories reproducing even the bifurcation behavior of the Duffing equation. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.202400008 SN - 1617-7061 VL - 24 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lenk, Clara A1 - Zozmann, Elmar A1 - Bluhm, Hannes A1 - Hirschl, Bernd T1 - Biochar carbon removal from residues in Germany—assessment from environmental and economic perspectives T2 - Environmental Research Letters N2 - The topic of biochar carbon removal (BCR), which refers to the pyrolysis of biomass, is increasingly being discussed as a potential solution for the long-term removal of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. However, BCR technology assessments in Germany, which are used as the basis for strategic decision-making, are often limited to woody biomass as an input material and are based on old data. Consequently, this study focuses on BCR from forest residues, straw and sewage sludge and assesses its contribution to negative emissions under current techno-economic framework conditions. Using life cycle assessment and annuity method, as well as complementary stakeholder engagement formats, the study provides a comprehensive analysis of BCR pathways in Germany based on an empirical, up-to-date data basis. The results highlight the environmental advantages of BCR, particularly in reducing greenhouse gas emissions compared to the conventional treatment of residues. The economic feasibility of BCR is uncertain, with profitability dependent on plant scale, biomass type and the integration of energy co-products. Stakeholder insights underscore the necessity for supportive policies and investment in BCR technology to enhance scalability. This interdisciplinary approach enriches the discourse on BCR's role in achieving carbon neutrality and offers a robust data foundation for future evaluations. KW - biochar KW - carbon removal KW - pyrolysis KW - biomass KW - life cycle assessment KW - annuity KW - stakeholder analysis Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad83e3 SN - 1748-9326 VL - 19 IS - 11 PB - IOP Publishing ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grüger, Lennart A1 - Härtel, Sebastian A1 - Sahin, Emre T1 - Simulierte Produktionsumgebung heute – Evaluation der numerischen Prozesssimulation des selektiven Laserschmelzens T2 - Industry 4.0 Science Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.30844/I4SD.24.4.70 SN - 2942-6154 VL - 2024 IS - 4 SP - 70 EP - 77 PB - GITO mbH Verlag ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dommaschk, Maria A1 - Sieber, Tim A1 - Acker, Jörg T1 - Lithium-ion batteries: direct solid sampling for characterisation of black mass recyclates using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry T2 - Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry N2 - A straightforward, efficient and robust method was developed in this study to analyse the metal content of complex recyclates from cathode coatings (LiNixMnyCo1−x−yO2) recovered from spent lithium-ion batteries. KW - lithium ion battery KW - graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry KW - inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry KW - cathode material KW - chemical analysis KW - recycling Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/D4JA00207E SN - 0267-9477 VL - 39 IS - 10 SP - 2522 EP - 2531 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berkmann, Fritz A1 - Povolni, Pavel A1 - Schwarz, Daniel A1 - Fischer, Inga Anita T1 - Influence of material and geometry parameters on resonance linewidths of plasmonic modes in gratings made from highly doped Ge1−xSnx T2 - Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/ad67ea VL - 57 IS - 43 SP - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hayat, Ahsan A1 - Ratzke, Markus A1 - Alvarado Chavarin, Carlos A1 - Zöllner, Marvin Hartwig A1 - Corley-Wiciak, Agnieszka Anna A1 - Schubert, Markus Andreas A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Fischer, Inga Anita T1 - Structural and morphological properties of CeO2 films deposited by radio frequency magnetron sputtering for back-end-of-line integration T2 - Thin Solid Films Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2024.140547 SN - 0040-6090 VL - 807 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Frank, Florian A1 - Buckel, Peter A1 - Hoegner, Ludwig A1 - Hofstedt, Petra T1 - A landmark selection method for object-based visual outdoor localization approaches of automated ground vehicles T2 - ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences N2 - Autonomous vehicles must navigate independently in an outdoor environment using features or objects. However, some objects may be more or less suitable for localization due to their attributes. Therefore, this work investigates the suitability of landmarks for camera- and object-based outdoor localization methods. First, object attributes are methodically derived from the requirements of object-based localization. The physical representation on the camera image plane, probability of occurrence, and persistence were identified as influencing the object localization suitability. The influence of the object’s camera image plane representation regarding object recognition algorithms is not considered or discussed, but advice on the minimum object pixel size is provided. The first milestone was the creation of an equation for object localization suitability calculation by normalizing and multiplying the identified attributes. Simultaneously, potential objects from the outdoor environment were identified, resulting in a structured object catalog. The results of the equation and catalog are a ranked according to the object localization suitability in a comparison table. Our comparison demonstrates that objects such as buildings or trees are more suitable than street lane markings for self-localization. However, most current datasets do not include the proposed instantiated objects. The paper addresses this issue, assists in the object selection for outdoor localization methods and provides input for the creation of future-oriented datasets and autonomous driving maps. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-X-4-W5-2024-163-2024 SN - 2194-9050 SP - 163 EP - 169 PB - Copernicus GmbH ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gawlińska-Nęcek, Katarzyna A1 - Kot, Małgorzata A1 - Starowicz, Zbigniew A1 - Janusz-Skuza, Marta A1 - Panek, Piotr A1 - Marth, Ludwig A1 - Plate, Paul A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo T1 - Reaction dynamics between formamidinium lead iodide and Copper Oxide T2 - ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces N2 - Copper oxide (CuOx) has been announced as a very promising hole-transporting layer for perovskite solar cells. However, in our previous work, we have shown that once a formamidinium lead triiodide (FAPI) perovskite is spin-coated on a spray-coated cuprous oxide (Cu2O) substrate, the Cu2O diffuses into and reacts with the FAPI film. In order to verify if the degradation products are related to the oxidation state of CuOx and/or its preparation method, in this work, we first prepared CuOx films by thermal oxidation at temperatures ranging from 120 to 300 °C. While increasing the process temperature, a transformation from copper I (Cu2O) to copper II (CuO) oxidation states was observed. For both oxidation states of copper, FAPI perovskite degradation was found; however, some alterations in the reaction products were noticed. In contrast to our expectations, the introduction of an ultrathin plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposited Al2O3 layer in between both films only partially blocked the CuOx migration into the FAPI film. It can be concluded that regardless of the chemical composition and/or preparation method of CuOx, the overlayered FAPI film gets decomposed. In order to use CuOx as a hole-transporting layer in solar cells, new strategies must be developed to limit these unwanted chemical reactions. KW - copper oxide hole-transporting layer KW - formamidinium lead iodide instability KW - perovskite solar cells KW - atomic layer deposition KW - aluminum oxide Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.4c12990 SN - 1944-8244 VL - 16 IS - 42 SP - 57878 EP - 57887 PB - American Chemical Society (ACS) ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Slater conditions without interior points for programs in Lebesgue spaces with pointwise bounds and finitely many constraints T2 - Optimization Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/02331934.2024.2328648 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoff, Daniel A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick T1 - Notes on the value function approach to multiobjective bilevel optimization T2 - Optimization Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/02331934.2024.2323107 VL - 73 IS - 10 SP - 3147 EP - 3183 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Göttlich, Simone A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick A1 - Schillinger, Thomas T1 - Inverse demand tracking in transportation networks T2 - Mathematical Methods of Operations Research Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00186-024-00875-y SN - 1432-5217 SN - 1432-2994 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mettenberger, Tobias A1 - Binder, Julia A1 - Zscherneck, Julia T1 - Unveiling the resources of digital pioneers.: an agency perspective on digital social innovation in rural Germany T2 - European Countryside Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2478/euco-2024-0022 SN - 1803-8417 VL - 16 IS - 3 SP - 412 EP - 436 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ryo, Masahiro T1 - Ecology with artificial intelligence and machine learning in Asia: a historical perspective and emerging trends T2 - Ecological Research N2 - The use of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) has significantly enhanced ecological research in Asia by improving data processing, analysis, and pattern extraction. Analyzing 1550 articles, I show an overview of the use of AI and ML for Asian ecological research. Following the last 20 year trend, I found that the topics in Asian ecological research have transitioned from technical perspectives to more applied issues, focusing on biodiversity conservation, climate change, land use change, and societal impacts. Non‐Asian countries, on the other hand, have focused more on theoretical understanding and ecological processes. The difference between Asian and non‐Asian regions may have emerged due to the ecological challenges faced by Asian countries, such as rapid economic growth, land development, and climate change impacts. In both regions, deep learning related technology has been emerging (e.g., big data collection including image and movement). Within Asia, China has been the Asia‐leading country for AI/ML applications followed by Korea, Japan, India, and Iran. The number of computer science education programs in China has been increasing 3.5× times faster than that in the United States, indicating that a nationwide strategy for computer science development is key for ecological science with AI. Overall, the adoption of AI and ML technologies in ecological studies in Asia has propelled the field forward and opened new avenues for innovative research and conservation practices. KW - artificial intelligence (AI) KW - biodiversity conservation KW - China KW - deep learning KW - machine learning (ML) Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/1440-1703.12425 SN - 0912-3814 VL - 39 IS - 1 SP - 5 EP - 14 PB - Wiley ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stiller, Stefan A1 - Grahmann, Kathrin A1 - Ghazaryan, Gohar A1 - Ryo, Masahiro T1 - Improving spatial transferability of deep learning models for small-field crop yield prediction T2 - ISPRS Open Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing N2 - Predicting crop yield using deep learning (DL) and remote sensing is a promising technique in agriculture. In smallholder agriculture (<2 ha), where 84% of the farms operate globally, it is crucial to build a model that can be useful across several fields (high spatial transferability). However, enhancing spatial model transferability in a small-scale setting faces significant challenges, including spatial autocorrelation, heterogeneity and scale dependence of spatial dynamics, as well as the need to address limited data points. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that spatial cross validation (SCV) is a more suitable model validation practice than random cross validation (RCV) to enhance model transferability for spatial prediction in a small-scale farming setting. We compared the performances of DL models that predict crop yield for several settings including three crop types and two DL architectures based on RCV with and without overlapping samples and SCV. Notably, we conducted model performance tests on external, equally sized fields instead of the field used for training. We used high resolution RGB imagery taken with a drone as input. Our results show that the models using SCV outperformed those using RCV when the models were tested on external fields (on average r = 0.37 for SCV, r = 0.18 for RCV with overlap and r = 0.07 without), even though the models using SCV showed a substantially lower performance for cross validation (CV) than those using RCV (r with SCV and RCV w/o overlap = 0.73 and 0.98/0.73, respectively). The results suggest that RCV leads to over-optimism by overfitting the spatial structure and remembering image-specific information (so called memorization). Our study offers the first empirical evidence in agriculture that SCV is preferable to RCV in small field settings for making DL models more transferable. KW - Smallholder farming KW - UAV KW - Crop yield KW - Convolutional neural network KW - Spatial cross validation KW - External validation Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophoto.2024.100064 SN - 2667-3932 VL - 12 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Palacio, Juan Camilo Rivera A1 - Bunn, Christian A1 - Rahn, Eric A1 - Little-Savage, Daisy A1 - Schmidt, Paul Günter A1 - Ryo, Masahiro T1 - Geographic-scale coffee cherry counting with smartphones and deep learning T2 - Plant Phenomics N2 - Deep learning and computer vision, using remote sensing and drones, are 2 promising nondestructive methods for plant monitoring and phenotyping. However, their applications are infeasible for many crop systems under tree canopies, such as coffee crops, making it challenging to perform plant monitoring and phenotyping at a large spatial scale at a low cost. This study aims to develop a geographic-scale monitoring method for coffee cherry counting, supported by an artificial intelligence (AI)-powered citizen science approach. The approach uses basic smartphones to take a few pictures of coffee trees; 2,968 trees were investigated with 8,904 pictures in Junín and Piura (Peru), Cauca, and Quindío (Colombia) in 2022, with the help of nearly 1,000 smallholder coffee farmers. Then, we trained and validated YOLO (You Only Look Once) v8 for detecting cherries in the dataset in Peru. An average number of cherries per picture was multiplied by the number of branches to estimate the total number of cherries per tree. The model's performance in Peru showed an R2 of 0.59. When the model was tested in Colombia, where different varieties are grown in different biogeoclimatic conditions, the model showed an R2 of 0.71. The overall performance in both countries reached an R2 of 0.72. The results suggest that the method can be applied to much broader scales and is transferable to other varieties, countries, and regions. To our knowledge, this is the first AI-powered method for counting coffee cherries and has the potential for a geographic-scale, multiyear, photo-based phenotypic monitoring for coffee crops in low-income countries worldwide. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.34133/plantphenomics.0165 SN - 2643-6515 VL - 6 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schiller, Josepha A1 - Jänicke, Clemens A1 - Reckling, Moritz A1 - Ryo, Masahiro T1 - Higher crop rotational diversity in more simplified agricultural landscapes in Northeastern Germany T2 - Landscape Ecology N2 - Context Both crop rotational diversity and landscape diversity are important for ensuring resilient agricultural production and supporting biodiversity and ecosystem services in agricultural landscapes. However, the relationship between crop rotational diversity and landscape diversity is largely understudied. Objectives We aim to assess how crop rotational diversity is spatially organised in relation to soil, climate, and landscape diversity at a regional scale in Brandenburg, Germany. Methods We used crop rotational richness, Shannon’s diversity and evenness indices per field per decade (i.e., crop rotational diversity) as a proxy for agricultural diversity and land use and land cover types and habitat types as proxies for landscape diversity. Soil and climate characteristics and geographical positions were used to identify potential drivers of the diversity facets. All spatial information was aggregated at 10 × 10 km resolution, and statistical associations were explored with interpretable machine learning methods. Results Crop rotational diversity was associated negatively with landscape diversity metrics and positively with soil quality and the proportion of agricultural land use area, even after accounting for the other variables. Conclusion Our study indicates a spatial trade-off between crop and landscape diversity (competition for space), and crop rotations are more diverse in more simplified landscapes that are used for agriculture with good quality of soil conditions. The respective strategies and targets should be tailored to the corresponding local and regional conditions for maintaining or enhancing both crop and landscape diversity jointly to gain their synergistic positive impacts on agricultural production and ecosystem management. KW - Cropping systems KW - Explainable artificial intelligence KW - Land use KW - Landscape heterogeneity KW - Multiple scales KW - Soil quality Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-024-01889-x SN - 1572-9761 VL - 39 IS - 4 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Degrune, Florine A1 - Dumack, Kenneth A1 - Ryo, Masahiro A1 - Garland, Gina A1 - Romdhane, Sana A1 - Saghaï, Aurélien A1 - Banerjee, Samiran A1 - Edlinger, Anna A1 - Herzog, Chantal A1 - Pescador, David Sánchez A1 - García‐Palacios, Pablo A1 - Fiore-Donno, Anna Maria A1 - Bonkowski, Michael A1 - Hallin, Sara A1 - Heijden, Marcel G. A. van der A1 - Maestre, Fernando T. A1 - Philippot, Laurent A1 - Glemnitz, Michael A1 - Sieling, Klaus A1 - Rillig, Matthias C. T1 - The impact of fungi on soil protist communities in European cereal croplands T2 - Environmental Microbiology N2 - Protists, a crucial part of the soil food web, are increasingly acknowledged as significant influencers of nutrient cycling and plant performance in farmlands. While topographical and climatic factors are often considered to drive microbial communities on a continental scale, higher trophic levels like heterotrophic protists also rely on their food sources. In this context, bacterivores have received more attention than fungivores. Our study explored the connection between the community composition of protists (specifically Rhizaria and Cercozoa) and fungi across 156 cereal fields in Europe, spanning a latitudinal gradient of 3000 km. We employed a machine‐learning approach to measure the significance of fungal communities in comparison to bacterial communities, soil abiotic factors, and climate as determinants of the Cercozoa community composition. Our findings indicate that climatic variables and fungal communities are the primary drivers of cercozoan communities, accounting for 70% of their community composition. Structural equation modelling (SEM) unveiled indirect climatic effects on the cercozoan communities through a change in the composition of the fungal communities. Our data also imply that fungivory might be more prevalent among protists than generally believed. This study uncovers a hidden facet of the soil food web, suggesting that the benefits of microbial diversity could be more effectively integrated into sustainable agriculture practices. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.16673 SN - 1462-2912 VL - 26 IS - 7 PB - Wiley ER - TY - GEN A1 - Guo, Tongtian A1 - Guo, Meiqi A1 - Pang, Yue A1 - Sun, Xiangyun A1 - Ryo, Masahiro A1 - Liu, Nan A1 - Zhang, Yingjun T1 - Ungulate herbivores promote beta diversity and drive stochastic plant community assembly by selective defoliation and trampling: From a four‐year simulation experiment T2 - Journal of Ecology N2 - 1. Ungulate herbivores shape grassland plant communities at multiple scales, ultimately affecting ecosystem function. However, ungulates have complex effects on grasslands, including defoliation, trampling, excreta return and their interactions. Moreover, the effects of ungulate density on grasslands are regulated by these three mechanisms. Nevertheless, how these three mechanisms affect biodiversity at multiple scales and community assembly remains poorly understood. 2. Here, we conducted a 4‐year novel field experiment to disentangle the effects of defoliation, trampling, and excreta return by ungulates on plant community assembly in a temperate grassland in Inner Mongolia, China. This experiment set two different scenarios: moderate ungulate density (Moderate, characterised by selective defoliation and moderate trampling) and high ungulate density (Intense, characterised by non‐selective defoliation and heavy trampling), including different combinations of defoliation, trampling and excreta return in each scenario. 3. We found that defoliation and trampling increased stochasticity in community assembly and promoted alpha and beta diversity under both scenarios. Specifically, defoliation promoted the coexistence of species with multiple resource acquisition strategies (higher functional trait diversity) by reducing interspecific competition; trampling tended to facilitate random species colonisation. Conversely, excreta return favoured grasses, promoting deterministic assembly and impacting species coexistence. Notably, selective defoliation in the Moderate scenario led to a dominance of stochastic processes during community assembly, whereas non‐selective defoliation still did not change the dominance of deterministic processes. Further, communities subject to selective defoliation were insensitive to changes in soil properties caused by trampling and excreta return, maintaining a high‐level beta diversity and the stochastic of community assembly. 4. Synthesis: Our study provides important insights into the mechanisms by which ungulate herbivores influence plant community assembly, suggesting that defoliation and trampling have the potential to drive stochastic processes, while excreta return plays the opposite role. Our study also suggests that selective foraging by ungulates acts as stronger stochastic forces during community assembly compared to non‐selective defoliation. These results imply that considering ungulate feeding preferences and foraging behaviour in grassland management will help prevent biodiversity loss and biotic homogenisation. KW - ungulate herbivores KW - community assembly KW - selective defoliation KW - trampling KW - excreta return KW - grassland KW - stochastic and deterministic processes KW - plant–herbivore interactions Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.14370 SN - 0022-0477 VL - 112 IS - 9 SP - 1992 EP - 2006 PB - Wiley ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berger, Uta A1 - Bell, Andrew A1 - Barton, C. Michael A1 - Chappin, Emile A1 - Dreßler, Gunnar A1 - Filatova, Tatiana A1 - Fronville, Thibault A1 - Lee, Allen A1 - Loon, Emiel van A1 - Lorscheid, Iris A1 - Meyer, Matthias A1 - Müller, Birgit A1 - Piou, Cyril A1 - Radchuk, Viktoriia A1 - Roxburgh, Nicholas A1 - Schüler, Lennart A1 - Troost, Christian A1 - Wijermans, Nanda A1 - Williams, Tim G. A1 - Wimmler, Marie-Christin A1 - Grimm, Volker T1 - Towards reusable building blocks for agent-based modelling and theory development T2 - Environmental Modelling & Software Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2024.106003 SN - 1364-8152 VL - 175 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liedtke, Victoria A1 - Stöckle, Michael A1 - Junker, Kerstin A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk T1 - Benign prostatic hyperplasia - a novel autoimmune disease with a potential therapy consequence? T2 - Autoimmunity Reviews N2 - Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is considered as an age-related disease of men with an unknown etiopathophysiology. Chronic inflammation has been proposed as one of the major pathophysiological mechanisms. There is growing evidence for the involvement of autoimmune responses in an inflammatory setting in the prostate. Patients with autoimmune diseases show a significantly elevated prevalence of BPH. Conventional therapy options for BPH are limited, rendering surgery the ultimate alternative. However, immunosuppression via tumor necrosis factor alpha blocker appears to reduce symptoms in patients with BPH and concurrent autoimmune disease due to the reduction of epithelial hyperplasia and macrophage-induced inflammation. New diagnostic options using HEp-2 cells with overexpression of LEDGF/p75 or mitochondrial DNA as autoimmune targets could be used to identify BPH patients with autoimmune responses. Given the presumed involvement of autoimmune responses in BPH and the efficacy of immunosuppression in reducing BPH symptoms, BPH or subvariants of BPH may be candidates for a new autoimmune disease in males. KW - Autoimmunity Benign prostatic hyperplasia Anti-mitochondrial DNA antibodies LEDGF/p75 Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autrev.2023.103511 SN - 1568-9972 VL - 23 IS - 3 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Eisenhauer, Nico A1 - Frank, Karin A1 - Weigelt, Alexandra A1 - Bartkowski, Bartosz A1 - Beugnon, Rémy A1 - Liebal, Katja A1 - Mahecha, Miguel A1 - Quaas, Martin A1 - Al‐Halbouni, Djamil A1 - Bastos, Ana A1 - Bohn, Friedrich J. A1 - Brito, Mariana Madruga de A1 - Denzler, Joachim A1 - Feilhauer, Hannes A1 - Fischer, Rico A1 - Fritsche, Immo A1 - Guimaraes‐Steinicke, Claudia A1 - Hänsel, Martin A1 - Haun, Daniel B. M. A1 - Herrmann, Hartmut A1 - Huth, Andreas A1 - Kalesse‐Los, Heike A1 - Koetter, Michael A1 - Kolleck, Nina A1 - Krause, Melanie A1 - Kretschmer, Marlene A1 - Leitão, Pedro J. A1 - Masson, Torsten A1 - Mora, Karin A1 - Müller, Birgit A1 - Peng, Jian A1 - Pöhlker, Mira L. A1 - Ratzke, Leonie A1 - Reichstein, Markus A1 - Richter, Solveig A1 - Rüger, Nadja A1 - Sánchez‐Parra, Beatriz A1 - Shadaydeh, Maha A1 - Sippel, Sebastian A1 - Tegen, Ina A1 - Thrän, Daniela A1 - Umlauft, Josefine A1 - Wendisch, Manfred A1 - Wolf, Kevin A1 - Wirth, Christian A1 - Zacher, Hannes A1 - Zaehle, Sönke A1 - Quaas, Johannes T1 - A belowground perspective on the nexus between biodiversity change, climate change, and human well‐being T2 - Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment N2 - Soil is central to the complex interplay among biodiversity, climate, and society. This paper examines the interconnectedness of soil biodiversity, climate change, and societal impacts, emphasizing the urgent need for integrated solutions. Human‐induced biodiversity loss and climate change intensify environmental degradation, threatening human well‐being. Soils, rich in biodiversity and vital for ecosystem function regulation, are highly vulnerable to these pressures, affecting nutrient cycling, soil fertility, and resilience. Soil also crucially regulates climate, influencing energy, water cycles, and carbon storage. Yet, climate change poses significant challenges to soil health and carbon dynamics, amplifying global warming. Integrated approaches are essential, including sustainable land management, policy interventions, technological innovations, and societal engagement. Practices like agroforestry and organic farming improve soil health and mitigate climate impacts. Effective policies and governance are crucial for promoting sustainable practices and soil conservation. Recent technologies aid in monitoring soil biodiversity and implementing sustainable land management. Societal engagement, through education and collective action, is vital for environmental stewardship. By prioritizing interdisciplinary research and addressing key frontiers, scientists can advance understanding of the soil biodiversity–climate change–society nexus, informing strategies for environmental sustainability and social equity. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/sae2.12108 SN - 2767-035X VL - 3 IS - 2 PB - Wiley ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nóia Júnior, Rogério de S. A1 - Deswarte, Jean-Charles A1 - Cohan, Jean‐Pierre A1 - Martre, Pierre A1 - van der Velde, Marijn A1 - Lecerf, Remi A1 - Webber, Heidi A1 - Ewert, Frank A1 - Ruane, Alex C. A1 - Slafer, Gustavo A. A1 - Asseng, Senthold T1 - The extreme 2016 wheat yield failure in France T2 - Global Change Biology N2 - France suffered, in 2016, the most extreme wheat yield decline in recent history, with some districts losing 55% yield. To attribute causes, we combined the largest coherent detailed wheat field experimental dataset with statistical and crop model techniques, climate information, and yield physiology. The 2016 yield was composed of up to 40% fewer grains that were up to 30% lighter than expected across eight research stations in France. The flowering stage was affected by prolonged cloud cover and heavy rainfall when 31% of the loss in grain yield was incurred from reduced solar radiation and 19% from floret damage. Grain filling was also affected as 26% of grain yield loss was caused by soil anoxia, 11% by fungal foliar diseases, and 10% by ear blight. Compounding climate effects caused the extreme yield decline. The likelihood of these compound factors recurring under future climate change is estimated to change with a higher frequency of extremely low wheat yields. KW - compounding factors KW - extreme weather KW - food security KW - grain number KW - grain size KW - temporally and multivariate events Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.16662 SN - 1354-1013 VL - 29 IS - 11 SP - 3130 EP - 3146 PB - Wiley ER - TY - GEN A1 - Diancoumba, M. A1 - MacCarthy, Dilys Sefakor A1 - Webber, Heidi A1 - Akinseye, Folorunso M. A1 - Faye, Babacar A1 - Noulèkoun, Florent A1 - Whitbread, Anthony Michael A1 - Corbeels, Marc A1 - Worou, Nadine O. T1 - Scientific agenda for climate risk and impact assessment of West African cropping systems T2 - Global Food Security N2 - Rainfed agriculture is at the centre of many West African economies and a key livelihood strategy in the region. Highly variable rainfall patterns lead to a situation in which farmers’ investments to increase productivity are very risky and will become more risky with climate change. Process-based cropping system models are a key tool to assess the impact of weather variability and climate change, as well as the effect of crop management options on crop yields, soil fertility and farming system resilience and widely used by the West African scientific community. Challenges to use are related to their consideration of the prevailing systems and conditions of West African farms, as well as limited data availability for calibration. We outline here a number of factors need to be considered if they are to contribute to the scientific basis underlying transformation of farming systems towards sustainability. These include: capacity building, improved models, FAIR data, research partnerships and using models in co-development settings. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2023.100710 SN - 2211-9124 VL - 38 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rezaei, Ehsan Eyshi A1 - Faye, Babacar A1 - Ewert, Frank A1 - Asseng, Senthold A1 - Martre, Pierre A1 - Webber, Heidi T1 - Impact of coupled input data source-resolution and aggregation on contributions of high-yielding traits to simulated wheat yield T2 - Scientific Reports N2 - High-yielding traits can potentially improve yield performance under climate change. However, data for these traits are limited to specific field sites. Despite this limitation, field-scale calibrated crop models for high-yielding traits are being applied over large scales using gridded weather and soil datasets. This study investigates the implications of this practice. The SIMPLACE modeling platform was applied using field, 1 km, 25 km, and 50 km input data resolution and sources, with 1881 combinations of three traits [radiation use efficiency (RUE), light extinction coefficient (K), and fruiting efficiency (FE)] for the period 2001–2010 across Germany. Simulations at the grid level were aggregated to the administrative units, enabling the quantification of the aggregation effect. The simulated yield increased by between 1.4 and 3.1 t ha− 1 with a maximum RUE trait value, compared to a control cultivar. No significant yield improvement (< 0.4 t ha− 1) was observed with increases in K and FE alone. Utilizing field-scale input data showed the greatest yield improvement per unit increment in RUE. Resolution of water related inputs (soil characteristics and precipitation) had a notably higher impact on simulated yield than of temperature. However, it did not alter the effects of high-yielding traits on yield. Simulated yields were only slightly affected by data aggregation for the different trait combinations. Warm-dry conditions diminished the benefits of high-yielding traits, suggesting that benefits from high-yielding traits depend on environments. The current findings emphasize the critical role of input data resolution and source in quantifying a large-scale impact of high-yielding traits. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-74309-4 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 14 IS - 1 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Martre, Pierre A1 - Dueri, Sibylle A1 - Guarin, Jose Rafael A1 - Ewert, Frank A1 - Webber, Heidi A1 - Calderini, Daniel A1 - Molero, Gemma A1 - Reynolds, Matthew A1 - Miralles, Daniel A1 - Garcia, Guillermo A1 - Brown, Hamish A1 - George, Mike A1 - Craigie, Rob A1 - Cohan, Jean‐Pierre A1 - Deswarte, Jean-Charles A1 - Slafer, Gustavo A. A1 - Giunta, Francesco A1 - Cammarano, Davide A1 - Ferrise, Roberto A1 - Gaiser, Thomas A1 - Gao, Yujing A1 - Hochman, Zvi A1 - Hoogenboom, Gerrit A1 - Hunt, Leslie A. A1 - Kersebaum, Kurt C. A1 - Nendel, Claas A1 - Padovan, Gloria A1 - Ruane, Alex C. A1 - Srivastava, Amit Kumar A1 - Stella, Tommaso A1 - Supit, Iwan A1 - Thorburn, Peter A1 - Wang, Enli A1 - Wolf, Joost A1 - Zhao, Chuang A1 - Zhao, Zhigan A1 - Asseng, Senthold T1 - Global needs for nitrogen fertilizer to improve wheat yield under climate change T2 - Nature Plants Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41477-024-01739-3 SN - 2055-0278 VL - 10 IS - 7 SP - 1081 EP - 1090 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kim, Yean-Uk A1 - Webber, Heidi A1 - Adiku, Samuel G.K. A1 - Nóia Júnior, Rogério de S. A1 - Deswarte, Jean-Charles A1 - Asseng, Senthold A1 - Ewert, Frank T1 - Mechanisms and modelling approaches for excessive rainfall stress on cereals: waterlogging, submergence, lodging, pests and diseases T2 - Agricultural and Forest Meteorology N2 - As the intensity and frequency of extreme weather events are projected to increase under climate change, assessing their impact on cropping systems and exploring feasible adaptation options is increasingly critical. Process-based crop models (PBCMs), which are widely used in climate change impact assessments, have improved in simulating the impacts of major extreme weather events such as heatwaves and droughts but still fail to reproduce low crop yields under wet conditions. Here, we provide an overview of yield-loss mechanisms of excessive rainfall in cereals (i.e., waterlogging, submergence, lodging, pests and diseases) and associated modelling approaches with the aim of guiding PBCM improvements. Some PBCMs simulate waterlogging and ponding environments, but few capture aeration stresses on crop growth. Lodging is often neglected by PBCMs; however, some stand-alone mechanistic lodging models exist, which can potentially be incorporated into PBCMs. Some frameworks link process-based epidemic and crop models with consideration of different damage mechanisms. However, the lack of data to calibrate and evaluate these model functions limit the use of such frameworks. In order to generate data for model improvement and close knowledge gaps, targeted experiments on damage mechanisms of waterlogging, submergence, pests and diseases are required. However, consideration of all damage mechanisms in PBCM may result in excessively complex models with a large number of parameters, increasing model uncertainty. Modular frameworks could assist in selecting necessary mechanisms and lead to appropriate model structures and complexity that fit a specific research question. Lastly, there are potential synergies between PBCMs, statistical models, and remotely sensed data that could improve the prediction accuracy and understanding of current PBCMs' shortcomings. KW - Excess rain KW - Yield loss mechanisms KW - Process-based crop model KW - Model improvement Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109819 SN - 0168-1923 VL - 344 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Martre, Pierre A1 - Dueri, Sibylle A1 - Brown, Hamish A1 - Asseng, Senthold A1 - Ewert, Frank A1 - Webber, Heidi A1 - George, Mike A1 - Craigie, Rob A1 - Guarin, Jose Rafael A1 - Pequeno, Diego A1 - Stella, Tommaso A1 - Ahmed, Mukhtar A1 - Alderman, Phillip A1 - Basso, Bruno A1 - Berger, Andres A1 - Bracho Mujica, Gennady A1 - Cammarano, Davide A1 - Chen, Yi A1 - Dumont, Benjamin A1 - Rezaei, Ehsan Eyshi A1 - Fereres, Elias A1 - Ferrise, Roberto A1 - Gaiser, Thomas A1 - Gao, Yujing A1 - Garcia-Vila, Margarita A1 - Gayler, Sebastian A1 - Hochman, Zvi A1 - Hoogenboom, Gerrit A1 - Kersebaum, Kurt C. A1 - Nendel, Claas A1 - Olesen, Jørgen A1 - Padovan, Gloria A1 - Palosuo, Taru A1 - Priesack, Eckart A1 - Pullens, Johannes A1 - Rodríguez, Alfredo A1 - Rötter, Reimund P. A1 - Ruiz Ramos, Margarita A1 - Semenov, Mikhail A1 - Senapati, Nimai A1 - Siebert, Stefan A1 - Srivastava, Amit Kumar A1 - Stöckle, Claudio A1 - Supit, Iwan A1 - Tao, Fulu A1 - Thorburn, Peter A1 - Wang, Enli A1 - Weber, Tobias A1 - Xiao, Liujun A1 - Zhao, Chuang A1 - Zhao, Jin A1 - Zhao, Zhigan A1 - Zhu, Yan T1 - Winter wheat experiments to optimize sowing dates and densities in a high-yielding environment in New Zealand: field experiments and AgMIP-Wheat multi-model simulations T2 - Open Data Journal for Agricultural Research N2 - This paper describes the data set that was used to test the accuracy of twenty-nine crop models in simulating the effect of changing sowing dates and sowing densities on wheat productivity for a high-yielding environment in New Zealand. The data includes one winter wheat cultivar (Wakanui) grown during six consecutive years, from 2012-2013 to 2017-2018, at two farms located in Leeston and Wakanui in Canterbury, New Zealand. The simulations were carried out in the framework of the Agricultural Model Intercomparison and Improvement Project for wheat (AgMIP-Wheat). Data include local daily weather data, soil profile characteristics and initial conditions, crop measurements at maturity (grain, stem, chaff and leaf dry weight, ear number and grain number, grain unit dry weight), and at stem elongation and anthesis (total above ground dry biomass, leaf number per stem and leaf area index). Several in-season measurements of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and the fraction of intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (FIPAR) are also available. The crop model simulations include both daily in-season and end-of-season results from twenty-nine wheat models. KW - field experimental data KW - multi-crop model ensemble KW - sowing date KW - sowing density KW - winter wheat KW - yield potential Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.18174/odjar.v10i0.18442 SN - 2352-6378 VL - 10 SP - 14 EP - 21 PB - Wageningen University and Research ER - TY - GEN A1 - Donmez, Cenk A1 - Sahingoz, Merve A1 - Paul, Carsten A1 - Cilek, Ahmet A1 - Hoffmann, Carsten A1 - Berberoglu, Suha A1 - Webber, Heidi A1 - Helming, Katharina T1 - Climate change causes spatial shifts in the productivity of agricultural long-term field experiments T2 - European Journal of Agronomy N2 - Long-term field experiments (LTE) are highly valuable infrastructures in agricultural- and soil sciences for understanding the long-term impacts of climate and management practices. While they are designed to run under constant conditions, climate change is expected to affect site conditions considerably. This needs to be quantified when interpreting experimental results and when redesigning the experimental setup. One way to achieve this is by utilizing vegetation growth and carbon dynamics, specifically the Net Primary Productivity (NPP), as a spatially explicit indicator. NPP facilitates the assessment and interpretation of yield performance in LTEs under future climatic conditions. Our study estimated the changes in NPP for 271 LTE sites in Germany, comparing a baseline (2000–2020) with two scenarios (2081–2100) that were based on the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) (SSP245) and SSP585) by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). We used the NASA-CASA biogeochemical model to calculate NPP in baseline and IPCC scenarios using Germany as a test case. LTEs were grouped by land use (crop types) and soil information (soil type, texture), drawing on the geodata infrastructure “BonaRes Repository”. The total annual terrestrial NPP for the baseline was calculated as 202.4 Mt C (sum of forests, grasslands, and arable lands) in Germany, while total NPP was up to 56.0 Mt C for different land use types. For both scenarios, NPP was projected to increase in LTEs located in southern Germany, indicating increased crop productivity, while a decrease was projected for the central Germany. The decrease in NPP of numerous LTEs in central Germany was estimated to extend to the LTEs in the eastern part corresponding to the worst-case scenario SSP585. Explicitly, the use of the multi-model ensemble mean as the climate driver in modelling may overestimate projected NPP by reducing inter-annual variability, highlighting the importance of methodological choices for accurate future projections. Besides, the results indicated that poor soils are projected to experience a further decline in productivity, primarily attributed to escalating water scarcity. Conversely, soils with high quality are likely to witness enhanced productivity, largely driven by the extension of the growing seasons. The outcomes of this study provide a basis for considering the future conditions of German LTEs and facilitate distinguishing between the effects of climate change and the impact of agricultural management on productivity at the regional level. These outputs enable planning and developing research strategies for selecting future LTE sites and redesigning existing or newly planned experiments. Moreover, the integrated modelling framework presented here highlights the potential of LTE data for large-scale modelling studies of ecosystem functions. KW - Agricultural Long-Term Field Experiments KW - Net Primary Productivity KW - Soil quality KW - Climate change KW - Shared Socioeconomic Pathways Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2024.127121 SN - 1161-0301 VL - 155 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Couëdel, Antoine A1 - Falconnier, Gatien N. A1 - Adam, Myriam A1 - Cardinael, Rémi A1 - Boote, Kenneth A1 - Justes, Eric A1 - Smith, Ward N. A1 - Whitbread, Anthony Michael A1 - Affholder, François A1 - Balkovic, Juraj A1 - Basso, Bruno A1 - Bhatia, Arti A1 - Chakrabarti, Bidisha A1 - Chikowo, Regis A1 - Christina, Mathias A1 - Faye, Babacar A1 - Ferchaud, Fabien A1 - Folberth, Christian A1 - Akinseye, Folorunso M. A1 - Gaiser, Thomas A1 - Galdos, Marcelo V. A1 - Gayler, Sebastian A1 - Gorooei, Aram A1 - Grant, Brian A1 - Guibert, Hervé A1 - Hoogenboom, Gerrit A1 - Kamali, Bahareh A1 - Laub, Moritz A1 - Maureira, Fidel A1 - Mequanint, Fasil A1 - Nendel, Claas A1 - Porter, Cheryl H. A1 - Ripoche, Dominique A1 - Ruane, Alex C. A1 - Rusinamhodzi, Leonard A1 - Sharma, Shikha A1 - Singh, Upendra A1 - Six, Johan A1 - Srivastava, Amit Kumar A1 - Vanlauwe, Bernard A1 - Versini, Antoine A1 - Vianna, Murilo A1 - Webber, Heidi A1 - Weber, Tobias K. D. A1 - Zhang, Congmu A1 - Corbeels, Marc T1 - Long-term soil organic carbon and crop yield feedbacks differ between 16 soil-crop models in sub-Saharan Africa T2 - European Journal of Agronomy N2 - Food insecurity in sub-Saharan Africa is partly due to low staple crop yields, resulting from poor soil fertility and low nutrient inputs. Integrated soil fertility management (ISFM), which includes the combined use of mineral and organic fertilizers, can contribute to increasing yields and sustaining soil organic carbon (SOC) in the long term. Soil-crop simulation models can help assess the performance and trade-offs of a range of crop management practices including ISFM, under current and future climate. Yet, uncertainty in model simulations can be high, resulting from poor model calibration and/or inadequate model structure. Multi-model simulations have been shown to be more robust than those with single models and help understand and reduce modelling uncertainty. In this study, we aim to perform the first multi-model comparison for long-term simulations of crop yield and SOC and their feedbacks in SSA. We evaluated the performance of 16 soil-crop models using data from four long-term maize experiments at sites in SSA with contrasting climates and soils. Each experiment had four treatments: i) no exogenous inputs, ii) addition of mineral nitrogen (N) fertilizer, iii) use of organic amendments, and iv) combined use of mineral and organic inputs. We assessed model performance in two steps: through blind calibration involving a minimum level of experimental data provided to the modeling teams, and subsequently through full calibration, which included a more extensive set of observational data. Model ensemble accuracy was greater with full calibration than blind calibration. Improvement in model accuracy was larger for maize yields (nRMSE 48 vs 18%) than for topsoil SOC (nRMSE 22 vs 14%). Model ensemble uncertainty (defined as the coefficient of variation across the 16 models) increased over the duration of the long-term experiments. Uncertainty of SOC simulations increased when organic amendments were used, whilst uncertainty of yield predictions was largest when no inputs were applied. Our study revealed large discrepancies among the models in simulating i) crop-to-soil feedbacks due to uncertainties in simulated carbon coming from roots, and ii) soil-to-crop feedbacks due to large uncertainties in simulated crop N supply from soil organic matter decomposition. These discrepancies were largest when organic amendments were applied. The results highlight the need for long-term experiments in which root and soil N dynamics are monitored. This will provide the corresponding data to improve and calibrate soil-crop models, which will lead to more robust and reliable simulations of SOC and crop productivity, and their interactions. KW - Soil-crop simulation KW - Soil organic matter KW - Soil-crop feedback KW - Ensemble modelling KW - Model intercomparison KW - Long-term experiments Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2024.127109 SN - 1161-0301 VL - 155 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sauvigny, Friedrich T1 - Minimal graphs in Riemannian spaces T2 - Calculus of Variations and Partial Differential Equations Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00526-024-02704-w SN - 1432-0835 SN - 0944-2669 VL - 63 IS - 5 SP - 1 EP - 47 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fritscher, Markus A1 - Singh, Simranjeet A1 - Rizzi, Tommaso A1 - Baroni, Andrea A1 - Reiser, Daniel A1 - Mallah, Maen A1 - Hartmann, David A1 - Bende, Ankit A1 - Kempen, Tim A1 - Uhlmann, Max A1 - Kahmen, Gerhard A1 - Fey, Dietmar A1 - Rana, Vikas A1 - Menzel, Stephan A1 - Reichenbach, Marc A1 - Krstic, Milos A1 - Merchant, Farhad A1 - Wenger, Christian T1 - A flexible and fast digital twin for RRAM systems applied for training resilient neural networks T2 - Scientific Reports N2 - Resistive Random Access Memory (RRAM) has gained considerable momentum due to its non-volatility and energy efficiency. Material and device scientists have been proposing novel material stacks that can mimic the “ideal memristor” which can deliver performance, energy efficiency, reliability and accuracy. However, designing RRAM-based systems is challenging. Engineering a new material stack, designing a device, and experimenting takes significant time for material and device researchers. Furthermore, the acceptability of the device is ultimately decided at the system level. We see a gap here where there is a need for facilitating material and device researchers with a “push button” modeling framework that allows to evaluate the efficacy of the device at system level during early device design stages. Speed, accuracy, and adaptability are the fundamental requirements of this modelling framework. In this paper, we propose a digital twin (DT)-like modeling framework that automatically creates RRAM device models from device measurement data. Furthermore, the model incorporates the peripheral circuit to ensure accurate energy and performance evaluations. We demonstrate the DT generation and DT usage for multiple RRAM technologies and applications and illustrate the achieved performance of our GPU implementation. We conclude with the application of our modeling approach to measurement data from two distinct fabricated devices, validating its effectiveness in a neural network processing an Electrocardiogram (ECG) dataset and incorporating Fault Aware Training (FAT). KW - RRAM KW - Neural network KW - digital twin Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-73439-z SN - 2045-2322 VL - 14 IS - 1 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mai, Christian A1 - Peczek, Anna A1 - Kroh, Aleksandra A1 - Jose, Josmy A1 - Reiter, Sebastian A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Fischer, Inga Anita T1 - Towards a CMOS compatible refractive index sensor: cointegration of TiN nanohole arrays and Ge photodetectors in a 200 mm wafer silicon technology T2 - Optics Express N2 - In this work, we present the monolithic integration of a TiN nanohole array and a Ge photodetector towards a CMOS compatible fabrication of a refractive index sensor in a 200 mm wafer silicon technology. We developed a technology process that enables fabrication with high yields of around 90%. Ge photodetectors with a Ge layer thickness of 450 nm and an area of 1600 µm2 (40 µm x 40 µm) show dark current densities of around 129 mA/cm2 and responsivities of 0.114 A/W measured by top illumination (TE polarization; λ = 1310 nm; angle of incidence = 14 °) at a reverse bias of 1 V. Nanohole arrays were structured in a 150 nm thick TiN layer. They were integrated into the back end of line and placed spatially close to the Ge photodetectors. After the metallization, passivation, and pad opening, the nanohole arrays were released with the help of an amorphous silicon stop layer. A significant impact of the TiN nanohole arrays on the optical behavior of the photodetector could be proven on the wafer level. Photocurrent measurements by top illumination confirm a strong dependence of optical properties on the polarization of the incident light and the nanohole array design. We demonstrate very stable photocurrents on the wafer level with a standard deviation of σ < 6%. KW - plasmonics KW - sensor KW - nano hole array Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.530081 SN - 1094-4087 VL - 32 IS - 17 SP - 29099 EP - 29111 PB - Optica Publishing Group ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vinuesa, Guillermo A1 - Garcia, Hector A1 - Duenas, Salvador A1 - Castan, Helena A1 - Iñiguez de la Torre, Ignacio A1 - Gonzalez, Tomas A1 - Dorai Swamy Reddy, Keerthi A1 - Uhlmann, Max A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Perez, Eduardo T1 - Effect of the temperature on the performance and dynamic behavior of HfO2-Based Rram Devices T2 - ECS Meeting Abstracts N2 - Over the past decades, the demand for semiconductor memory devices has been steadily increasing, and is currently experiencing an unprecedented boost due to the development and expansion of artificial intelligence. Among emerging high-density non-volatile memories, resistive random-access memory (RRAM) is one of the best recourses for all kind of applications, such as neuromorphic computing or hardware security [1]. Although many materials have been evaluated for RRAM development, some of them with excellent results, HfO2 is one of the established materials in CMOS domain due to its compatibility with standard materials and processes [2]. The main goal of this work is to study the switching capability and stability of HfO2-based RRAMs, as well as to explore their ability in the field of analogue applications, by analyzing the evolution of the resistance states that allow multilevel control. Indeed, analogue operation is a key point for achieving electronic neural synapses in neuromorphic systems, with synaptic weight information encoded in the different resistance states. This research has been carried out over a wide temperature range, between 40 and 340 K, as we are interested in testing the extent to which performance is maintained or modified, with a view to designing neuromorphic circuits that are also suitable in the low-temperature realm. We aim to prove that these simple, fast, high integration density structures can also be used in circuits designed for specific applications, such as aerospace systems. The RRAM devices studied in this work are TiN/Ti/8 nm-HfO2/TiN metal-insulator-metal (MIM) capacitors. Dielectric layers were atomic layer deposited (ALD). It has been demonstrated that the Ti coat in the top electrode acts as a scavenger that absorbs oxygen atoms from the HfO2 layer, and facilitates the creation of conductive filaments of oxygen vacancies [3]. In fact, the oxygen reservoir capability of Ti is well known, as it is able to attract and release oxygen atoms from or to the HfO2 layer during the RRAM operation [4]. The clustering of vacancies extends through the entire thickness of the oxide and, after an electroformig step, it joins the upper and lower electrodes and the device reaches the low resistance state (LRS). By applying adequate electrical signals, the filaments can be partially dissolved, which brings the device into the high-resistance state (HRS), with lower current values. The set process brings the device to the LRS state, while the reset one brings it to the HRS. The dependence of electrical conductivity on external applied electrical excitation allows triggering the device between the both states in a non-volatile manner [5]. The experimental equipment used consisted of a Keithley 4200-SCS semiconductor parameter analyzer and a Lake Shore cryogenic probe station. Fig.1 shows current-voltage cycles measured at different temperatures; the averages values at each temperature, both in logarithmic and linear scale, are also shown. The functional window increases as temperature decreases. The evolutions of set and reset voltage values with temperature are depicted in Fig.2, whereas the current values (measured at 0.1 V) corresponding to the LRS and HRS can be seen in Fig.3. LRS resistance decreases as temperature increases, in agreement with semiconductor behaviour, probably due to a hopping conduction mechanism. Both set and reset voltages decrease as temperature increases; the reset process is smoother at high temperatures. The reduction in reset voltage variability as temperature increases is very notable. Finally, Fig. 4 shows a picture of the transient behaviour; in the right panel of the same figure, the amplitudes of the current transients in the reset state have been included in the external loop. To sum up, the resistive switching phenomena is studied in a wide temperature range. The LRS shows semiconducting behavior with temperature, most likely related to a hopping conduction mechanism. Switching voltages decrease as temperature increases, with a notable reduction in reset voltage variability. An excellent control of intermediate resistance state is shown through current transients at several voltages in the reset process. REFERENCES [1] M. Asif et al., Materials Today Electronics 1, 100004 (2022). [2] S. Slesazeck et al., Nanotechnology 30, 352003 (2019). [3] Z. Fang et al., IEEE Electron Device Letters 35, 9, 912-914 (2014). [4] H. Y. Lee et al., IEEE Electron Device Letters 31, 1, 44-46 (2010). [5] D. J. Wouters et al., Proceedings of the IEEE 103, 8, 1274-1288 (2015). Figure 1 KW - RRAM Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1149/MA2024-01211297mtgabs SN - 2151-2043 VL - MA2024-01 IS - 21 SP - 1297 EP - 1297 PB - The Electrochemical Society ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maldonado, David A1 - Baroni, Andrea A1 - Aldana, Samuel A1 - Dorai Swamy Reddy, Keerthi A1 - Pechmann, Stefan A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Roldán, Juan Bautista A1 - Pérez, Eduardo T1 - Kinetic Monte Carlo simulation analysis of the conductance drift in Multilevel HfO2-based RRAM devices T2 - Nanoscale N2 - The drift characteristics of valence change memory (VCM) devices have been analyzed through both experimental analysis and 3D kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) simulations. KW - RRAM Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/d4nr02975e SN - 2040-3364 VL - 16 IS - 40 SP - 19021 EP - 19033 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fradet, Quentin A1 - Kurnatowska, Michalina A1 - Riedel, Uwe T1 - Thermochemical reduction of iron oxide powders with hydrogen: review of selected thermal analysis studies T2 - Thermochimica Acta Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2023.179552 SN - 0040-6031 VL - 726 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ngũgĩ, John Mbũrũ A1 - Richter, Sandra A1 - Braun-Unkhoff, Marina A1 - Naumann, Clemens A1 - Riedel, Uwe T1 - A study on fundamental combustion properties of trimethyl orthoformate: experiments and modeling T2 - Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power N2 - Trimethyl orthoformate (TMOF: HC(OCH3)3) has recently been examined as a viable biofuel. TMOF is a branched isomer of oxymethylene ether-2 (OME2) that, due to its high oxygen content and lack of direct carbon-carbon bonds, considerably reduces the formation of soot particles. To meet the challenges of a more flexible and sustainable power generation, a detailed understanding of its combustion properties is essential for its safe and efficient utilization, neat or in blends. In this work, two fundamental combustion properties of TMOF were studied: (i) Auto-ignition of TMOF/synthetic air mixtures (φ = 1.0; diluted 1:5 with N2) using the shock tube method at pressures of 1, 4, and 16 bar, and (ii) Laminar burning velocities of TMOF/air mixtures using the cone angle method at ambient and elevated pressures of 3 and 6 bar. Furthermore, the impact of TMOF addition to a gasoline surrogate (PRF90) on ignition delay times was studied using the shock tube method at φ = 1.0, 1:5 dilution with N2, T = 900–2000 Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4055828 SN - 0742-4795 VL - 145 IS - 2 PB - ASME International ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hernandez, Astrid Ramirez A1 - Kathrotia, Trupti A1 - Methling, Torsten A1 - Braun-Unkhoff, Marina A1 - Riedel, Uwe T1 - An upgraded chemical kinetic mechanism for ISO-Octane Oxidation: prediction of polyaromatics formation in Laminar Counterflow Diffusion Flames T2 - Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power N2 - Iso-octane is widely recognized as a prominent candidate to represent the oxidation of iso-alkanes within jet fuel and gasoline surrogates. This work evaluated a chemical kinetic mechanism for iso-octane focusing on the model's capability to predict the formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). As the model is intended to be further coupled with soot models, the chemical kinetic mechanism must supply good predictability of the formation and consumption of PAHs considered as major soot precursors. A first validation of the iso-octane submodel as incorporated within ESTiMatE-Mech, using experimental data from literature, reveals the need to improve the submodel. Considerable deviations were observed in the prediction of the PAHs, although concentration profiles of major species and fundamental combustion properties, here ignition delay time and laminar flame speed, were accurately predicted. Through rate of production and sensitivity analyses of the mechanism, nine reactions were identifie Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4056096 SN - 0742-4795 VL - 145 IS - 6 PB - ASME International ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ali, Mohammed Liaket A1 - Mehlhose, Sven A1 - Fradet, Quentin A1 - Riedel, Uwe T1 - Particle-resolved computational modeling of hydrogen-based direct reduction of iron ore pellets in a fixed bed. Part II: Influence of the pellet sizes and shapes T2 - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.08.384 SN - 0360-3199 VL - 86 SP - 1401 EP - 1413 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ali, Mohammed Liaket A1 - Fradet, Quentin A1 - Riedel, Uwe T1 - Particle-resolved computational modeling of hydrogen-based direct reduction of iron ore pellets in a fixed bed. Part I: Methodology and validation T2 - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.09.028 SN - 0360-3199 VL - 87 SP - 332 EP - 343 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Huber, Robert A1 - Bartkowski, Bartosz A1 - Brown, Calum A1 - El Benni, Nadja A1 - Feil, Jan-Henning A1 - Grohmann, Pascal A1 - Joormann, Ineke A1 - Leonhardt, Heidi A1 - Mitter, Hermine A1 - Müller, Birgit T1 - Farm typologies for understanding farm systems and improving agricultural policy T2 - Agricultural Systems Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2023.103800 SN - 0308-521X VL - 213 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liedtke, Victoria A1 - Weiss, Romano A1 - Skifov, Anastasia A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Schenk, Lysann T1 - Fully automated viability and toxicity screening - areliable all‐in‐one attempt T2 - Cancer Medicine N2 - The CRISPR/Cas9 technology is nowadays a common tool for genome editing to achieve new insights into, for example, diagnostics and therapeutics in cancer and genetic disorders. Cell proliferation and anticancer drug response studies are widely used to evaluate the impact of editing. However, these assays are often time‐consuming, expensive, and reproducibility is an issue. To overcome this, we developed a fast and cheap assay that combines a fully automated multispectral fluorescence microscopy platform with a nuclei staining and open‐source software analysis.Here, we generated different LEDGF/p75 model cell lines to validate the effect on proliferation and chemosensitivity. Therefore, a fast protocol for an optimized all‐in‐one attempt for cytotoxicity screenings and proliferation analysis of adherent cells in a 96‐well plate format was established using differential staining with two fluorescent dyes (Hoechst 33342 and propidium iodide) for live/dead cell discrimination. Subsequently, an automated cell nuclei count and analysis were performed using bioimage informatics.With the new established assay technology, up to 50,000 cells/well can be detected and analyzed in a 96‐well plate, resulting in a fast and accurate verification of viability and proliferation with consistency of 98% compared to manual counting. Our screening revealed that LEDGF depletion using CRISPR/Cas9 showed a diminished proliferation and chemosensitivity independent of cell line origin. Moreover, LEDGF depletion caused a significant increase in 𝛾H2AX foci, indicating a substantial increase in DNA double strand breaks. LEDGF/p75 overexpression enhanced proliferation and chemoresistance underlining the role of LEDGF in DNA damage response.Independent of cancer cell type, LEDGF/p75 is a central player in DNA damage repair and is implicated in chemoresistance. Moreover, our automated fluorescence biosensor technology allowed fast and reliable data acquisition without any fixation or additional washing steps. Additionally, data analysis was implemented using the modular open‐source software that can be adapted as needed. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.7392 SN - 2045-7634 VL - 13 IS - 12 PB - Wiley ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Hsiao-Hsuan A1 - Van Voorn, George A1 - Grant, William E. A1 - Zare, Fateme A1 - Giupponi, Carlo A1 - Steinmann, Patrick A1 - Müller, Birgit A1 - Elsawah, Sondoss A1 - Van Delden, Hedwig A1 - Athanasiadis, Ioannis N. A1 - Sun, Zhanli A1 - Jager, Wander A1 - Little, John C. A1 - Jakeman, Anthony J. T1 - Scale decisions and good practices in socio-environmental systems modelling: guidance and documentation during problem scoping and model formulation T2 - Socio-Environmental Systems Modelling N2 - Models of socio-environmental or social-ecological systems (SES) commonly address problems requiring interdisciplinary scientific expertise and input from a heterogeneous group of stakeholders. In SES modelling multiple interactions occur on different scales among various phenomena. These scale phenomena include the technical, such as system variables, process detail, inputs and outputs, which most often require spatial, temporal, thematic and organisational choices. From a good practice and project efficiency perspective, the problem scoping and conceptual model formulation phase of modelling is the one to address well from the outset. During this phase, intense and substantive discussions should arise regarding appropriate scales at which to represent the different phenomena. Although the details of these discussions influence the path of model development, they are seldom documented and as a result often forgotten. We draw upon personal experience with existing protocols and communications in recent literature to propose preliminary guidelines for documenting these early discussions about the scale(s) of the studied phenomena. Our guidelines aim to aid modelling group members in building and capturing the richness of their rationale for scoping and scale decisions. The resulting transcripts are intended to promote transparency of modelling decisions and provide essential support for the justification of the final model for its intended use. They also facilitate adaptive modifications of the pathway of model development via retracing decisions and iterative reflection upon alternative scale options. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.18174/sesmo.18563 SN - 2663-3027 VL - 5 PB - Wageningen University and Research ER - TY - GEN A1 - Will, Meike A1 - Groeneveld, Jürgen A1 - Lenel, Friederike A1 - Frank, Karin A1 - Müller, Birgit T1 - Determinants of household vulnerability in networks with formal insurance and informal risk-sharing T2 - Ecological Economics Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2023.107921 SN - 0921-8009 VL - 212 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Anderies, John M. A1 - Cumming, Graeme S. A1 - Clements, Hayley S. A1 - Lade, Steven J. A1 - Seppelt, Ralf A1 - Chawla, Sivee A1 - Müller, Birgit T1 - A framework for conceptualizing and modeling social-ecological systems for conservation research T2 - Biological Conservation Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109769 SN - 0006-3207 VL - 275 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schlichting, Samuel A1 - Methling, Torsten A1 - Oßwald, Patrick A1 - Zinsmeister, Julia A1 - Riedel, Uwe A1 - Köhler, Markus T1 - Numerical prediction of research octane numbers via a quasi-dimensional two-zone cylinder model T2 - Applications in Energy and Combustion Science Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaecs.2022.100079 SN - 2666-352X VL - 11 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Richter, Sandra A1 - Kukkadapu, Goutham A1 - Westbrook, Charles K. A1 - Braun-Unkhoff, Marina A1 - Naumann, Clemens A1 - Köhler, Markus A1 - Riedel, Uwe T1 - A combined experimental and modeling study of combustion properties of an isoparaffinic alcohol-to-jet fuel T2 - Combustion and Flame Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2022.111994 SN - 0010-2180 VL - 240 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ngũgĩ, John Mbũrũ A1 - Richter, Sandra A1 - Braun-Unkhoff, Marina A1 - Naumann, Clemens A1 - Riedel, Uwe T1 - A study on fundamental combustion properties of oxymethylene ether-1, the primary reference fuel 90, and their blend: experiments and modeling T2 - Combustion and Flame Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2022.111996 SN - 0010-2180 VL - 243 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fradet, Quentin A1 - Ali, Mohammed Liaket A1 - Riedel, Uwe T1 - Development of a porous solid model for the direct reduction of iron ore pellets T2 - steel research international Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202200042 SN - 1869-344X SN - 1611-3683 VL - 93 IS - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ali, Mohammed Liaket A1 - Fradet, Quentin A1 - Riedel, Uwe T1 - Kinetic mechanism development for the direct reduction of single hematite pellets in H2/CO atmospheres T2 - steel research international N2 - Increasing interest in the direct reduction process of iron ore has revived investigations on gaseous and heterogeneous iron oxides’ kinetics. Despite extensive studies on the reduction of iron oxides with pure hydrogen or syngas, the development of a generic reduction mechanism for iron oxides is still lacking. The conventional shrinking core model hardly distinguishes between transport and reaction processes, leading to biases or even errors in the kinetic models. In the present study, a porous solid model, which solves mass balances of the individual gas‐phase species and solid ones assuming spherical symmetry, is used for developing a heterogeneous kinetic mechanism accounting for different iron oxidation stages (Fe2O3, Fe3O4, FeO). It also accounts for carbon accumulation and cementite formation to model the carburization phenomena when using carbon‐containing reducing agents like syngas. The proposed generic mechanism successfully reproduces 49 experimental data sets from the literature for single iron Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202200043 SN - 1611-3683 VL - 93 IS - 12 PB - Wiley ER - TY - GEN A1 - Albasha, Rami A1 - Manceau, Loïc A1 - Webber, Heidi A1 - Chelle, Michaël A1 - Kimball, Bruce A1 - Martre, Pierre T1 - MONTPEL: a multi-component Penman-Monteith energy balance model T2 - Agricultural and Forest Meteorology KW - Atmospheric stability correction KW - Canopy temperature KW - Crop model KW - Energy balance KW - Wheat KW - Python package Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2024.110221 SN - 0168-1923 VL - 358 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ahrends, Hella Ellen A1 - Piepho, Hans-Peter A1 - Sommer, Michael A1 - Ewert, Frank A1 - Webber, Heidi T1 - Is the volatility of yields for major crops grown in Germany related to spatial diversification at county level? T2 - Environmental Research Letters N2 - Recent evidence suggests a stabilizing effect of crop diversity on agricultural production. However, different methods are used for assessing these effects and there is little systematic quantitative evidence on diversification benefits. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between volatility of combined crop yields (denoted as standard deviation) and diversity (denoted as Shannon’s Evenness Index SEI) for standardized yield data of major crop species grown in Germany between 1977 and 2018 (winter wheat, winter barley, silage maize and winter rapeseed) at the county level. Portfolio theory was used to estimate the optimal crop area share for minimizing yield volatility. On average, results indicated a weak negative relationship between volatility and the SEI during the past decades for the case of Germany. Optimizing crop area shares for minimizing volatility reduced yield variance on average by 24% but was associated with a decrease in SEI for most counties. This was related to the finding that the stability of individual species, i.e., barley and wheat, was more effective in reducing the volatility of combined yields than the asynchronous variation in annual yields among crops. Future studies might include an increased number of crop species and consider temporal diversification effects for a more realistic assessment of the relation between yield volatility and crop diversity and test the relationship in other regions and production conditions. KW - portfolio theory KW - optimization KW - crop yield KW - NUTS 3 Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad7613 SN - 1748-9326 VL - 19 IS - 10 PB - IOP Publishing ER - TY - GEN A1 - Adelesi, Opeyemi Obafemi A1 - Kim, Yean-Uk A1 - Schuler, Johannes A1 - Zander, Peter A1 - Njoroge, Michael Murithi A1 - Waithaka, Lilian A1 - Abdulai, Alhassan Lansah A1 - MacCarthy, Dilys Sefakor A1 - Webber, Heidi T1 - The potential for index-based crop insurance to stabilize smallholder farmers' gross margins in Northern Ghana T2 - Agricultural Systems N2 - Context Smallholder farmers in semi-arid West Africa face challenges such as weather variability, soil infertility, and inadequate market infrastructure, hindering their adoption of improved farming practices. Economic risks associated with uncertain weather, production and market conditions often result in measures such as selling assets and withdrawing children from school, resulting in long-term impoverishment. To break these poverty traps, there is a need for affordable and sustainable risk management approaches at the farm level. Proposed strategies include risk reduction through stress-resistant crop varieties and diversification, additional investments transfer options like crop insurance and contract farming. Despite experimentation with insurance products in sub-Saharan Africa, low adoption persists due to many factors including high premiums, imperfect indices, and cognitive factors. Objective The objective of this study is to assess the probability of two different index-based insurance products to stabilize smallholder farmers' income and limit asset losses in Northern Ghana using an integrated bio-economic modelling approach. Method We adapted an existing integrated bio-economic model comprising a process-based crop model, farm simulation model, and annual optimization model by including insurance contracts to assess their impacts on farmers' income and assets. We collaborated with an insurance service provider in sub–Saharan Africa to design and compare two weather index-based insurance contracts—one covering seeding costs and another addressing full input costs. Additionally, we considered the impact of management adaptations, such as replanting after crop establishment failure. Results The result from the study suggests that except for the most resource constrained, farmers would be better off purchasing seed insurance and replanting in the event of weather shocks, stabilizing their incomes and reducing the sale of their assets. These insurance options are less expensive than full weather index insurance for the resource-constrained farmers considering that extreme weather conditions do not occur regularly. Significance This study is significant for smallholder farmers in semi-arid West Africa, who are faced with economic and environmental challenges, challenging efforts to improve livelihoods. Focusing on Northern Ghana, the research assesses the viability of two index-based insurance products using an integrated bio-economic modelling approach. By presenting the probability of outcomes for income and farm assets, particularly through seed insurance incentivizing replanting after extreme weather shocks, the study offers a cost-effective solution for resource-constrained farmers. The results suggest the potential for weather-index insurance contracts to help smallholder farmers avoid bankruptcy or fall into poverty traps, especially after shock years. KW - Weather index-based insurance KW - Seed insurance KW - Bio-economic farm model KW - Integrated model KW - Weather risk KW - Northern Ghana Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2024.104130 SN - 0308-521X VL - 221 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shipley, J. Ryan A1 - Oester, Rebecca A1 - Mathieu-Resuge, Margaux A1 - Parmar, Tarn Preet A1 - Kowarik, Carmen A1 - Ilíć, Maja A1 - Kainz, Martin J. A1 - Martin-Creuzburg, Dominik A1 - Obrist, Martin K. A1 - Graham, Catherine H. A1 - Gossner, Martin M. A1 - Matthews, Blake A1 - Twining, Cornelia W. T1 - Consumer biodiversity increases organic nutrient availability across aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems T2 - Science N2 - Human land-use intensification threatens arthropod (for example, insect and spider) biodiversity across aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Insects and spiders play critical roles in ecosystems by accumulating and synthesizing organic nutrients such as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). However, links between biodiversity and nutrient content of insect and spider communities have yet to be quantified. We relate insect and spider richness to biomass and PUFA-mass from stream and terrestrial communities encompassing nine land uses. PUFA-mass and biomass relate positively to biodiversity across ecosystems. In terrestrial systems, human-dominated areas have lower biomass and PUFA-mass than more natural areas, even at equivalent levels of richness. Aquatic ecosystems have consistently higher PUFA-mass than terrestrial ecosystems. Our findings reinforce the importance of conserving biodiversity and highlight the distinctive benefits of aquatic biodiversity. KW - land-use KW - predator richness KW - polyunsaturated fatty acid Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adp6198 SN - 0036-8075 VL - 386 IS - 6719 SP - 335 EP - 340 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) ER - TY - GEN A1 - Brauckhoff, Tim A1 - Kieffer, Coline A1 - Rödiger, Stefan T1 - Extracting Insights from biological images T2 - Journal of Open Source Software Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.07074 SN - 2475-9066 VL - 9 IS - 102 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Blume, Miriam A1 - Schienkiewitz, Anja A1 - Wollgast, Lina A1 - Hoffmann, Stephanie A1 - Sander, Lydia A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Herr, Raphael A1 - Moor, Irene A1 - Pischke, Claudia R. A1 - Iashchenko, Iryna A1 - Hövener, Claudia A1 - Rattay, Petra T1 - Association between socioeconomic position of the family and adolescent obesity in Germany - analysis of the mediating Role of familial determinants T2 - Journal of Obesity N2 - Background. Obesity’s negative impact on young people’s health has long been known. The family and its socioeconomic position (SEP) are key determinants in adolescent obesity. However, understanding which familial determinants explain the association remains limited. Method. The analyses are based on data from the “German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents” (KiGGS) (1,384 females and 1,332 males aged 11 to 17 years). Logistic regression models explored how familial determinants (family stress, family cohesion, parental smoking, parental sporting activity, and parental overweight) mediated the association between family SEP (parental education, occupational status, and household income) and adolescent obesity. Results. Significant total effects for the associations between family SEP in childhood and adolescent obesity were found. Splitting the total effect of the family SEP on obesity into direct and indirect effects, all direct effects turned out to be significant. However, all associations involved also indirect effects of familial determinants, except for household income for female adolescents. Parental smoking and overweight were the most relevant mediators for males and females. For male adolescents, parental sporting activity additionally mediated the association between SEP and obesity. Conclusion. A low SEP in childhood was associated with adolescent obesity. Parental health and health behaviors partly explained the association. For increasing health equality in adolescent health, the consideration of parental health behavior in the planning and implementation of health promotion programs seem to be important. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/7903972 SN - 2090-0708 SN - 2090-0716 VL - 2024 IS - 1 PB - Wiley ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kästner, Karl A1 - Vijsel, Roeland C. van de A1 - Caviedes-Voullième, Daniel A1 - Hinz, Christoph T1 - A scale-invariant method for quantifying the regularity of environmental spatial patterns T2 - Ecological Complexity N2 - Spatial patterns of alternating high and low biomass occur in a wide range of ecosystems. Patterns can improve ecosystem productivity and resilience, but the particular effects of patterning depend on their spatial structure. The spatial structure is conventionally classified as either regular, when the patches of biomass are of similar size and are spaced in similar intervals, or irregular. The formation of regular patterns is driven by scale-dependent feedbacks. Models incorporating those feedbacks generate highly regular patterns, while natural patterns appear less regular. This calls for a more nuanced quantification beyond a binary classification. Here, we propose measuring the degree of regularity by the maximum of a pattern’s spectral density, based on the observation that the density of highly regular patterns consists of a narrow and high peak, while the density of highly irregular patterns consists of a low and wide lobe. We rescale the density to make the measure invariant with respect to the characteristic length-scale of a pattern, facilitating the comparison of patterns observed or modelled under different conditions. We demonstrate our method in a metastudy determining the regularity of natural and model-generated patterns depicted in previous studies. We find that natural patterns have an intermediate degree of regularity, resembling random surfaces generated by stochastic processes. We find that conventional deterministic models do not reproduce the intermediate regularity of natural patterns, as they generate patterns which are much more regular and similar to periodic surfaces. We call for appreciating the stochasticity of natural patterns in systems with scale-dependent feedbacks. KW - Self-organization KW - Scale-dependent feedback KW - Arid vegetation KW - Stochastic processes KW - Turing pattern KW - Spectral analysis Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecocom.2024.101104 SN - 1476-945X VL - 60 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kansok-Dusche, Julia A1 - Wettstein, Alexander A1 - Fischer, Saskia M. A1 - Wachs, Sebastian A1 - Bilz, Ludwig T1 - Associations between teachers’ beliefs and their perception of hate speech in school: a study in Germany and Switzerland T2 - Frontiers in Education N2 - Hate speech is a global issue that is also prevalent among adolescents and requires an educational response. Teachers handle hate speech as part of their professional role. To date, we know little about their beliefs in relation to the early stages of their interventional actions, specifically to their perception of hate speech in school. Thus, this study examined associations between teachers’ social dominance orientation, their pluralist attitude, and their hate speech perception in school. A sample of 471 secondary school teachers from 38 schools (Germany: n = 251; Switzerland: n = 220) participated in a self-report survey from December 2020 to April 2021 (MAge = 42.8 years; 57.7% females; 21.0% with migration status). Data from a total of 3,560 students from grades 7–9 (Germany: n = 1,841; Switzerland: n = 1,719) were matched with teachers’ data to control for students’ hate speech perception in school. Fixed effects multilevel regressions were run, including covariates (teachers’ age, gender, migration status, students’ hate speech perception), teachers’ social dominance orientation, pluralist attitude, and their hate speech perception in school. Teachers perceived a higher frequency of offline hate speech than online hate speech. Contrary to the hypotheses, social dominance orientation was positively associated with offline and online hate speech perception. As predicted, teachers’ pluralist attitude was positively linked to their off- and online hate speech perception. Further research must now clarify how the investigated beliefs and attitudes and teachers’ hate speech perception in school relate to other aspects of their professional competence. KW - hate speech perception, teachers, school, beliefs, social dominance orientation, pluralist attitude Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2024.1432013 SN - 2504-284X VL - 9 PB - Frontiers Media SA ER - TY - GEN A1 - Claus, Sylvia T1 - „Am Ende der Begriffe beginnen die Geschichten.“ Literatur und Architektur in der Lausitzer Transformationslandschaft T2 - Insitu. Zeitschrift für Architekturgeschichte KW - Hoyerswerda KW - Literatur KW - Brigitte Reimann KW - Plattenbau KW - Städtebau Y1 - 2024 SN - 1866-959X VL - 16 IS - 2 SP - 319 EP - 329 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reutter, Felix A1 - Drechsler, Martin A1 - Gawel, Erik A1 - Lehmann, Paul T1 - Social costs of setback distances for onshore wind turbines: a model analysis applied to the German State of Saxony T2 - Environmental and Resource Economics N2 - Wind power is a key for decarbonizing economies. Yet, wind turbines can produce negative environmental externalities. These include bird collisions and disamenities for residents. Setback distances for onshore wind turbines to settlements and bird nests are a common policy instrument to address these externalities. In this paper, we evaluate the cost-effectiveness of setback distances. We use a spatially-explicit model to investigate the social costs of different options for setbacks to settlements and red kite nests. In terms of social costs, we consider production costs and external costs associated with residents’ disamenities and red kite impacts given an exogenously set wind energy production target. The model is applied using data for the German State of Saxony. Three key results are: (1) More restrictive setbacks may increase social costs. (2) Uniform red kite setbacks reduce social costs rather than uniform settlement setbacks. (3) Differentiated settlement setbacks for different settlement types lead to substantially lower social costs than uniform setbacks. KW - Wind turbines KW - Externalities KW - Setback distances KW - Social costs KW - Spatially-explicit modeling Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10640-023-00777-3 SN - 0924-6460 SN - 1573-1502 VL - 87 IS - 2 SP - 437 EP - 463 PB - Springer Netherlands ER - TY - GEN A1 - Safonova, Anastasiia A1 - Ryo, Masahiro T1 - Deep learning improves point density in PS-InSAR data toward finer-scale land surface displacement detection T2 - IEEE Access N2 - The permanent scatterer interferometric aperture radar (PS-InSAR) technique is used to measure and monitor displacements of the Earth’s surface over time. While the approach is promising for large-scale deformation, the density of the received PS points is insufficient for localized deformation analysis. In this first work, we aim to improve the technique by increasing the point density of high-precision deformation monitoring in PS-InSAR data by developing a convolutional long short-term memory (ConvLSTM) model that predicts PS points on different land covers, such as forest, urban, natural, water, and combinations among them. The proposed architecture, PS-ConvLSTM, was trained on a temporary dataset with interferograms to classify stable and unstable PS pixels from over 200,000 site images obtained from the city of Barcelona, Spain. The result showed that the trained PS-ConvLSTM model is highly compatible with the method currently used, which requires a large manual effort by an expert (accuracy: 99%). In addition, the proposed approach increased the point density by 15%, indicating that ConvLSTM is a promising approach for increasing the point density in PS-InSAR data and thus improving localized deformation analysis. KW - Deep learning KW - recurrent neural network KW - long short-term memory KW - point density KW - persistent scatter KW - InSAR process Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3459099 SN - 2169-3536 VL - 12 SP - 132754 EP - 132762 PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bi, Mohan A1 - Li, Huiying A1 - Meidl, Peter A1 - Zhu, Yanjie A1 - Ryo, Masahiro A1 - Rillig, Matthias C. T1 - Number and dissimilarity of global change factors influences soil properties and functions T2 - Nature Communications N2 - Soil biota and functions are impacted by various anthropogenic stressors, including climate change, chemical pollution or microplastics. These stressors do not occur in isolation, and soil properties and functions appear to be directionally driven by the number of global change factors acting simultaneously. Building on this insight, we here hypothesize that co-acting factors with more diverse effect mechanisms, or higher dissimilarity, have greater impacts on soil properties and functions. We created a factor pool of 12 factors and calculated dissimilarity indices of randomly-chosen co-acting factors based on the measured responses of soil properties and functions to the single factors. Results show that not only was the number of factors important, but factor dissimilarity was also key for predicting factor joint effects. By analyzing deviations of soil properties and functions from three null model predictions, we demonstrate that higher factor dissimilarity and a larger number of factors could drive larger deviations from null models and trigger more frequent occurrence of synergistic factor net interactions on soil functions (decomposition rate, cellulase, and β-glucosidase activity), which provides mechanistic insights for understanding high-dimensional effects of factors. Our work highlights the importance of considering factor similarity in future research on interacting factors. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-52511-2 SN - 2041-1723 VL - 15 IS - 1 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stella, Tommaso A1 - Webber, Heidi A1 - Rezaei, Ehsan Eyshi A1 - Asseng, Senthold A1 - Martre, Pierre A1 - Dueri, Sibylle A1 - Guarin, Jose Rafael A1 - Pequeno, Diego A1 - Calderini, Daniel A1 - Reynolds, Matthew A1 - Molero, Gemma A1 - Miralles, Daniel A1 - Garcia, Guillermo A1 - Slafer, Gustavo A. A1 - Giunta, Francesco A1 - Kim, Yean-Uk A1 - Wang, Chenzhi A1 - Ruane, Alex C. A1 - Ewert, Frank T1 - Wheat crop traits conferring high yield potential may also improve yield stability under climate change T2 - in silico Plants N2 - Increasing genetic wheat yield potential is considered by many as critical to increasing global wheat yields and production, baring major changes in consumption patterns. Climate change challenges breeding by making target environments less predictable, altering regional productivity and potentially increasing yield variability. Here we used a crop simulation model solution in the SIMPLACE framework to explore yield sensitivity to select trait characteristics (radiation use efficiency [RUE], fruiting efficiency and light extinction coefficient) across 34 locations representing the world’s wheat-producing environments, determining their relationship to increasing yields, yield variability and cultivar performance. The magnitude of the yield increase was trait-dependent and differed between irrigated and rainfed environments. RUE had the most prominent marginal effect on yield, which increased by about 45 % and 33 % in irrigated and rainfed sites, respectively, between the minimum and maximum value of the trait. Altered values of light extinction coefficient had the least effect on yield levels. Higher yields from improved traits were generally associated with increased inter-annual yield variability (measured by standard deviation), but the relative yield variability (as coefficient of variation) remained largely unchanged between base and improved genotypes. This was true under both current and future climate scenarios. In this context, our study suggests higher wheat yields from these traits would not increase climate risk for farmers and the adoption of cultivars with these traits would not be associated with increased yield variability. KW - climate change KW - climate risk KW - genetic yield potential KW - wheat KW - yield variability Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/insilicoplants/diad013 SN - 2517-5025 VL - 5 IS - 2 PB - Oxford University Press (OUP) ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rezaei, Ehsan Eyshi A1 - Webber, Heidi A1 - Asseng, Senthold A1 - Boote, Kenneth A1 - Durand, Jean Louis A1 - Ewert, Frank A1 - Martre, Pierre A1 - MacCarthy, Dilys Sefakor T1 - Climate change impacts on crop yields T2 - Nature Reviews Earth & Environment Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s43017-023-00491-0 SN - 2662-138X VL - 4 IS - 12 SP - 831 EP - 846 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Merte, Lindsay R. A1 - Braud, Nicolas A1 - Buß, Lars A1 - Bisbo, Malthe Kjær A1 - Wallander, Harald J. A1 - Krisponeit, Jon-Olaf A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo A1 - Hammer, Bjørk A1 - Falta, Jens A1 - Lundgren, Edvin T1 - Oxygen Storage by Tin Oxide Monolayers on Pt3Sn(111) T2 - The Journal of Physical Chemistry. C N2 - The high performance of platinum–tin catalysts for oxidation reactions has been linked to the formation of tin oxides at the metal surface, but little is known about the structure of these oxides or the chemical behavior that determines their catalytic properties. We show here how surface oxides on Pt3Sn(111) incorporate oxygen at the metal interface, which may be subsequently removed by reaction with CO. The storage mechanism, where oxygen uptake occurs without loss of interfacial Pt–Sn bonds, is enabled by the peculiar asymmetrical coordination state of Sn2+. O atoms are bound at pocket sites in the 2D oxide sheet between these outward-buckled Sn atoms and metallic Sn in the alloy surface below. KW - Oxygen storage KW - low-energy electron microscopy (LEEM) KW - microprobe low-energy electron diffraction (μ-LEED) KW - scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) KW - GOFEE algorithm Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.2c09041 SN - 1932-7447 SN - 1932-7455 VL - 127 IS - 6 SP - 2988 EP - 2994 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berkmann, Fritz A1 - Steuer, Oliver A1 - Ganss, Fabian A1 - Prucnal, Slawomir A1 - Schwarz, Daniel A1 - Fischer, Inga Anita A1 - Schulze, Jörg T1 - Sharp MIR plasmonic modes in gratings made of heavily doped pulsed laser-melted Ge1-xSnx T2 - Optical Materials Express Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1364/OME.479637 SN - 2159-3930 VL - 13 IS - 3 SP - 752 EP - 763 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weißhaupt, David A1 - Funk, Hannes S. A1 - Oehme, Michael A1 - Bloos, Dominik A1 - Berkmann, Fritz A1 - Seidel, Lukas A1 - Fischer, Inga Anita A1 - Schulze, Jörg T1 - High mobility Ge 2DHG based MODFETs for low-temperature applications T2 - Semiconductor Science and Technology Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6641/acb22f SN - 1361-6641 VL - 38 IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Neisen, Martin A1 - Büttel, Peter A1 - Sawahn, Wiebke T1 - Die regulatorische Agenda 2023 für Vorstand und Aufsichtsrat T2 - Zeitschrift für das gesamte Kreditwesen Y1 - 2023 SN - 0341-4019 VL - 76 IS - 3, Digitaler Sonderdruck ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grilli, Marco A1 - Di Castro, Carlo A1 - Mirarchi, Giovanni A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Caprara, Sergio T1 - Dissipative Quantum Criticality as a Source of Strange Metal Behavior T2 - Symmetry N2 - The strange metal behavior, usually characterized by a linear-in-temperature (T) resistivity, is a still unsolved mystery in solid-state physics. It is often associated with the proximity to a quantum critical point (a second order transition at temperature T=0, leading to a broken symmetry phase) focusing on the related divergent order parameter correlation length. Here, we propose a paradigmatic shift, focusing on a divergent characteristic time scale due to a divergent dissipation acting on the fluctuating critical modes while their correlation length stays finite. To achieve a divergent dissipation, we propose a mechanism based on the coupling between a local order parameter fluctuation and electron density diffusive modes that accounts both for the linear-in-T resistivity and for the logarithmic specific heat versus temperature ratio CV/T∼log(1/T), down to low temperatures. KW - strange metal behavior KW - cuprates KW - charge density fluctuations KW - diffusive modes Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/sym15030569 SN - 2073-8994 VL - 15 IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Borcia, Ion-Dan A1 - Richter, Sebastian A1 - Borcia, Rodica A1 - Schön, Franz-Theo A1 - Harlander, Uwe A1 - Bestehorn, Michael T1 - Wave propagation in a circular channel: sloshing and resonance T2 - The European Physical Journal Special Topics N2 - Surface wave resonance of a liquid (water) layer confined in a circular channel is studied both experimentally and numerically. For the experiment, eight unevenly distributed ultrasonic distance sensors measure the local height of the wave surface. The resonance curves show maxima only for odd multiples of the fundamental resonance frequency . We explained this behavior using a simple intuitive “ping-pong” like model. Collision of wave fronts can be observed for higher frequencies. Also, the wave reflection on the walls can be treated as wave collision with itself. The non-linearity seems to be weak in our study so the delay in the wave propagation before and after the collision is small. Time-space plots show localized propagating waves with high amplitudes for frequencies near resonance. Between the peaks low amplitude and harmonic patterns are observed. However, for higher frequencies, the frequency band for localized waves becomes wider. In the Fourier space-time plane, this can be observed as a point for the harmonic patterns or a superposition of two lines: one line parallel to wave-vector k axis corresponding to the excitation frequency and a second line with inclination given by wave propagation velocity . For planned future work, this result will help us to reconstruct the whole water surface elevation using time-series from only a few measurement points Y1 - 2023 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1140/epjs/s11734-023-00790-z U6 - https://doi.org/10.1140/epjs/s11734-023-00790-z SN - 1951-6401 SN - 1951-6355 VL - Vol. 232 IS - 4 SP - 461 EP - 468 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schön, Franz-Theo A1 - Bestehorn, Michael T1 - Instabilities and pattern formation in viscoelastic fluids T2 - The European Physical Journal Special Topics Y1 - 2023 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1140/epjs/s11734-023-00792-x U6 - https://doi.org/10.1140/epjs/s11734-023-00792-x SN - 1951-6401 VL - Vol. 232 IS - 4 SP - 375 EP - 383 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sohail, Norman A1 - Riedel, Ramona A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Prolonging the Life Span of Membrane in Submerged MBR by the Application of Different Anti-Biofouling Techniques T2 - Membranes N2 - The membrane bioreactor (MBR) is an efficient technology for the treatment of municipal and industrial wastewater for the last two decades. It is a single stage process with smaller footprints and a higher removal efficiency of organic compounds compared with the conventional activated sludge process. However, the major drawback of the MBR is membrane biofouling which decreases the life span of the membrane and automatically increases the operational cost. This review is exploring different anti-biofouling techniques of the state-of-the-art, i.e., quorum quenching (QQ) and model-based approaches. The former is a relatively recent strategy used to mitigate biofouling. It disrupts the cell-to-cell communication of bacteria responsible for biofouling in the sludge. For example, the two strains of bacteria Rhodococcus sp. BH4 and Pseudomonas putida are very effective in the disruption of quorum sensing (QS). Thus, they are recognized as useful QQ bacteria. Furthermore, the model-based anti-fouling strategies are also very promising in preventing biofouling at very early stages of initialization. Nevertheless, biofouling is an extremely complex phenomenon and the influence of various parameters whether physical or biological on its development is not completely understood. Advancing digital technologies, combined with novel Big Data analytics and optimization techniques offer great opportunities for creating intelligent systems that can effectively address the challenges of MBR biofouling. KW - Membrane bioreactor (MBR) KW - quorum sensing (QS) KW - quorum quenching (QQ) KW - moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) KW - moving bed biofilm membrane reactor (MBBMR) KW - model-based anti-fouling strategies Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/13/2/217 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/membranes13020217 SN - 2077-0375 VL - 13 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nowack, Kati T1 - The Individual Time Span Scales (ITSS): Introducing a self-report questionnaire to measure individual differences in the perception of time as duration T2 - Personality and Individual Differences N2 - Occasionally, time seems to stand still. At other times, it seems to fly. To what extent do relatively stable individual differences in the perception of time as duration exist? Individual temporal orientation has been studied extensively for time perspective and chronotype, but insufficiently for individual time span orientation. Yet, there are individual differences in the sampling rate at which the environment is monitored whilst neuronal systems specifically sensitive to motion, speed and duration perception exist (Hagendorf et al., 2011). To contribute to a better understanding of individual temporal orientation, a multi-study project (n = 2.176) was conducted to develop and validate a self-report questionnaire measuring individual time span orientation: the Individual Time Span Scales (ITSS). Structural validity was assessed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses suggesting two specific factors of slow and fast time span orientation as components of the global factor individual time span orientation. Convergent and discriminant validity were examined by comparison with personality factors, time perspective, and considerations of future consequences. Individual time span orientation was correlated with future time perspective and the consideration of future consequences: More future-oriented individuals tended to perceive time as running fast. Less future-oriented individuals tended to perceive time as moving slow. KW - Psychological time KW - Time Perspective KW - Assessment Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2023.112116 SN - 0191-8869 IS - 206 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jahnke, Sonja A1 - Cruysen, Caren A1 - Prill, Robert A1 - Kittmann, Fabian A1 - Pflug, Nicola A1 - Albert, Justin Amadeus A1 - Camargo, Tibor de A1 - Arnrich, Bert A1 - Krolikowska, Aleksandra A1 - Kolcz, Anna A1 - Reichert, Pawel A1 - Oleksy, Lukasz A1 - Michel, Sven A1 - Kopf, Sebastian A1 - Wagner, Michael A1 - Scheffler, Sven A1 - Becker, Roland T1 - Protocol for a Randomized Crossover Trial to Evaluate the Effect of Soft Brace and Rigid Orthosis on Performance and Readiness to Return to Sport Six Months Post‑ACL‑Reconstruction T2 - Healthcare N2 - A randomized crossover trial was designed to investigate the influence of muscle activation and strength on functional stability/control of the knee joint, to determine whether bilateral imbalances still occur six months after successful anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), and to analyze whether the use of orthotic devices changes the activity onset of these muscles. Furthermore, conclusions on the feedforward and feedback mechanisms are highlighted. Therefore, twenty‑eight patients will take part in a modified Back in Action (BIA) test battery at an average of six months after a primary unilateral ACLR, which used an autologous ipsilateral semitendinosus tendon graft. This includes double‑leg and single‑leg stability tests, double‑leg and single‑leg countermovement jumps, double‑leg and single‑leg drop jumps, a speedy jump test, and a quick feet test. During the tests, gluteus medius and semitendinosus muscle activity are analyzed using surface electromyography (sEMG). Motion analysis is conducted using Microsoft Azure DK and 3D force plates. The tests are performed while wearing knee rigid orthosis, soft brace, and with no aid, in random order. Additionally, the range of hip and knee motion and hip abductor muscle strength under isometric conditions are measured. Furthermore, patient‑rated outcomes will be assessed. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11040513 SN - 2227-9032 VL - 11 IS - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Das Sharma, Asmeeta A1 - Bracken, Gregory A1 - Balz, Verena T1 - Environmental migration and regional livelihood planning: a livelihood Planning approach to circular migration T2 - Environmental Justice Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1089/env.2020.0010 SN - 1937-5174 VL - 13 IS - 5 SP - 173 EP - 180 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fotang, Chefor A1 - Dutton, Paul A1 - Bröring, Udo A1 - Roos, Christian A1 - Willie, Jacob A1 - Angwafo, Tsi Evaristus A1 - Chuo, Mvo Denis A1 - Kamgang, Serge Alexis A1 - Enoguanbhor, Evidence Chinedu A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Tool use by Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzees for driver ant predation in Kom-Wum Forest Reserve, North-West Region Cameroon T2 - Folia Primatologica N2 - Chimpanzees feed on driver ants (Dorylus sp.) using different tools and predation techniques that vary among populations and can be affected by availability of ant species as well as ecological and social-learning factors. At the Kom-Wum Forest Reserve (KWFR) in Cameroon, we investigated tool use behavior in Nigerian-Cameroon chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes ellioti), examining the characteristics of tools used in driver ant predation, looking for possible seasonal patterns and comparing our results to those from other study sites. We recovered 83 tools along line transects and recces (reconnaissance) during two seasons. We found that chimpanzees used tools with blunting and dirty ends (possible digging and probing tools) and tools without (dipping tools), in driver ant predation. Tools with dirty ends tended to be thicker (N = 52), and thinner tools were less likely to have dirt (N = 31). Tools recovered in the wet season (N = 62), were significantly shorter and thicker than those recovered in the dry season (N = 21). Furthermore, driver ant tools recovered at KWFR are on average the longest yet recorded insect dipping tools for chimpanzees comparable to those used in North Uele. We found no evidence of nut-cracking, tool use for honey bee nor termite consumption and did not observe the potential prey remains in chimpanzee faeces despite their presence in the reserve. Our results suggest that seasonality significantly contributes to a divergence in the form of tools selected for driver ant predation. KW - ant dip KW - driver ants KW - insectivory KW - tool use Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1163/14219980-bja10006 SN - 1421-9980 SN - 0015-5713 VL - 94 IS - 1 SP - 73 EP - 85 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bapfubusa Niyibizi, Ingrid Aline A1 - Hanna, Rachid A1 - Kekeunou, Sévilor A1 - Membang, Gertrude A1 - Fiaboe, Komi A1 - Mahot, Hermine C. A1 - Abang, Albert Fomumbod A1 - Kumar, P. Lava A1 - Kuate, Appolin Fotso T1 - Potential of Cameroon-indigenous isolates of the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae as microbial control agents of the flea beetle Nisotra uniformis T2 - Biocontrol Science and Technology N2 - The flea beetle Nisotra uniformis Jacoby is a widespread pest of malvaceous crops for which synthetic chemical insecticides remain the principal control tool, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. With the ultimate aim of developing a microbial alternative for N. uniformis control, we conducted laboratory experiments (25 ± 1°C; 70 - 80% RH) to evaluate the biological attributes of three Cameroonian isolates of the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo-Crivelli) Vuillemin and Metarhizium anisopliae sensu lato (Metchnikoff) Sorokin. Spore germination rates of the isolates varied from 0.5% after 4 hrs to 100% after 24 hrs on PDA medium, with MIITAC11.3.4 spores germinating fastest. Pathogenicity tests consisted of dipping adult beetles in conidial suspensions. All isolates were pathogenic to N. uniformis, with corrected mortalities varying between 23.3 - 86.7%. BIITAC-O-2 had the lowest LC50 at 5.17 × 106 conidia/ml, while MIITAC11.3.4 and BIITAC6.2.2 had LC50 at 4.11 × 107 conidia/ml, and 2.00 × 108 conidia/ml, respectively. BIITAC6.2.2 produced the shortest time to the highest mortality rate (1.17 days) and the shortest LT50 of 1.64 days but only at the highest concentration, followed by the two highest concentrations of MIITAC11.3.4 (LT50 at 3.43 and 5.70 days). The c parameter in the Weibull model showed that BIITAC-O-2 caused the highest rate of increase in mortality (2.42) at the highest concentration, followed by MIITAC11.3.4 (1.09) and BIITAC6.2.2 (0.50). The results of our study provide the basis for including N. uniformis in the ongoing development of BIITAC6.2.2 and MIITAC11.3.4 into biopesticide while continuing with further laboratory studies on BIITAC-O-2. KW - Weibull model‌ KW - spore germination KW - pathogenicity KW - Okra KW - Biocontrol KW - LC50 Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/09583157.2023.2175784 SN - 1360-0478 SN - 0958-3157 VL - 33 IS - 3 SP - 226 EP - 240 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fotang, Chefor A1 - Bröring, Udo A1 - Roos, Christian A1 - Dutton, Paul A1 - Tédonzong, Luc R. D. A1 - Willie, Jacob A1 - Angwafo, Tsi Evaristus A1 - Yuh, Yisa Ginath A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Mapping suitable habitat for Nigeria–Cameroon chimpanzees in Kom-Wum Forest Reserve, North-Western Cameroon T2 - Primates N2 - Great apes lose suitable habitats required for their reproduction and survival due to human activities across their distribution range in Africa. Little is known about habitat suitability of the Nigeria–Cameroon chimpanzee [Pan troglodytes ellioti (Matschie, 1914)], particularly for populations inhabiting forest reserves in North-West Cameroon. To address this knowledge gap, we employed a common species distribution model (MaxEnt) to map and predict suitable habitats for the Nigeria–Cameroon chimpanzee in Kom-Wum Forest Reserve, North-West Cameroon, based on environmental factors that potentially affect habitat suitability. We related these environmental factors to a dataset of chimpanzee occurrence points recorded during line transect and reconnaissance (recce) surveys in the forest reserve and surrounding forests. Up to 91% of the study area is unsuitable for chimpanzees. Suitable habitats only represented 9% of the study area, with a high proportion of highly suitable habitats located outside the forest reserve. Elevation, secondary forests density, distance to villages and primary forests density were the most important predictors of habitat suitability for the Nigeria–Cameroon chimpanzee. The probability of chimpanzee occurrence increased with elevation, secondary forest density and distance from villages and roads. Our study provides evidence that suitable chimpanzee habitat in the reserve is degraded, suggesting that efforts to maintain protected areas are insufficient. The reserve management plan needs to be improved to conserve the remaining suitable habitat and to avoid local extinction of this endangered subspecies. KW - Environmental factors KW - Habitat requirements KW - Human impact KW - Protected area KW - Maximum entropy KW - Pan troglodytes ellioti Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10329-023-01054-z SN - 1610-7365 IS - 25 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ali, Irfan A1 - Sarkar, Biswajit A1 - Ali, Syed Mithun A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin T1 - Editorial: Environmental waste and renewable energy optimization for the sustainable development goals achievement T2 - Frontiers in Environmental Science KW - environment waste management KW - renewable energy KW - sustainable development goals - SDGs KW - green economy (GE) KW - multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2023.1167835 SN - 2296-665X VL - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herdt, Manfred A1 - Schulte-Mattler, Hermann T1 - On the predictability of long-term stock market returns: Design configuration of deep neural networks T2 - Journal of AI, Robotics & Workplace Automation N2 - In 1998, Robert J. Shiller and John Y. Campbell proposed that long-term stock market returns are not random walks and can be predicted by a valuation measure called the cyclically adjusted price-to-earnings (CAPE) ratio. This paper is set to identify the predictive power of long-term stock market returns with deep neural networks and trace the impact of different architectural components of deep neural networks. We present three network types — recurrent neural network (RNN), long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network, and gated recurrent units (GRU) neural network — to ascertain what impact the different networks have on predicting long-term stock market returns and whether a parsimonious neural network model (PNNM) can be identified for practical application. The networks above have different design features that allow returns to be predicted and the effects of the various elements of the networks to be understood. For our study, we use monthly CAPE ratios and real ten-year annualised excess returns of the S&P 500 from 1881-01 to 2012-06, with data from 1876-06 (real earnings) to 2022-06 (real total return price) needed to determine the two datasets. Our results show improved forecasting accuracy over linear regression for all analysed neural networks. Only the complex trial-and-error procedure leads to the network design with the optimal result of minimising the root-mean-squared error (RMSE). This approach is usually associated with a considerable time and cost factor. Therefore, for time series studies of the present type, we propose a parsimonious GRU architecture with low complexity and comparatively low out-of-sample error, which we call ‘GRU-101010’. KW - cyclically adjusted price-to-earnings (CAPE) ratio KW - gated recurrent units (GRU) neural network KW - long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network KW - neural network’s architecture KW - neural network’s hyperparameters KW - recurrent neural network (RNN) KW - time series analysis Y1 - 2022 SN - 2633-562X SN - 2633-5638 VL - 2 IS - 1 SP - 70 EP - 93 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Khosh Bin Ghomash, Shahin A1 - Bachmann, Daniel A1 - Caviedes-Voullième, Daniel A1 - Hinz, Christoph T1 - Effects ofWithin-Storm Variability on Allochthonous Flash Flooding: A Synthetic Study T2 - Water N2 - Rainfall is a spatiotemporally variated process and one of the key elements to accurately capture both catchment runoff response and floodplain extents. Flash floods are the result of intense rainfall, typically associated to highly variable rain in both space and time, such as convective storms. In this work, the extent within-storm variability affects runoff and flooding is explored. The Kan catchment (Tehran, Iran) is used as base topography for the simulations. The allochthonous nature of floods in the catchment and how they interact with the effects of storm variability are further investigated. For this, 300 synthetic rainfall signals with different hyetograph variabilities are generated and imposed on a 1D/2D hydrodynamic model. Additionally, a set of simulations with different levels of spatial variability are performed. The results suggest that temporal and spatial variability affect the runoff response in different degrees. Peak discharge and hydrograph shapes, as well as flooded areas, are affected. The effect of storm temporal variability is shown to be significantly higher than storm spatial variability and storm properties such as return period, duration, and volume. Further on the influence of storm spatiotemporal variability on stream discharge and flood response is seen to be strongly dependent on the location within the drainage network at which it is assessed. KW - flash flood KW - rainfall variability KW - rainfall/runoff simulation KW - runoff generation Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/w15040645 SN - 2073-4441 VL - 15 IS - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Haddadi Esfahani, Ali A1 - Dyka, Zoya A1 - Ortmann, Steffen A1 - Langendörfer, Peter T1 - Impact of Data Preparation in Freezing of Gait Detection using Feature-Less Recurrent Neural Network T2 - IEEE Access Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3117543 SN - 2169-3536 IS - 9 SP - 138120 EP - 138131 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kabin, Ievgen A1 - Dyka, Zoya A1 - Klann, Dan A1 - Aftowicz, Marcin A1 - Langendörfer, Peter T1 - Resistance of the Montgomery Ladder against Simple SCA: Theory and Practice T2 - Journal of Electronic Testing Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10836-021-05951-3 SN - 1573-0727 SN - 0923-8174 VL - 37 IS - 3 SP - 289 EP - 303 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Assafo, Maryam A1 - Langendörfer, Peter T1 - A TOPSIS-Assisted Feature Selection Scheme and SOM-Based Anomaly Detection for Milling Tools under Different Operating Conditions T2 - IEEE Access Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3091476 SN - 2169-3536 IS - 9 SP - 90011 EP - 90028 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Petryk, Dmytro A1 - Dyka, Zoya A1 - Pérez, Eduardo A1 - Kabin, Ievgen A1 - Katzer, Jens A1 - Schäffner, Jan A1 - Langendörfer, Peter T1 - Sensitivity of HfO2-based RRAM Cells to Laser Irradiation T2 - Microprocessors and Microsystems Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpro.2021.104376 SN - 0141-9331 IS - 87 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vogel, Elisabeth A1 - Dyka, Zoya A1 - Klann, Dan A1 - Langendörfer, Peter T1 - Resilience in the Cyber World: Definitions, Features and Models T2 - Future Internet Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/fi13110293 SN - 1999-5903 VL - 13 IS - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kabin, Ievgen A1 - Dyka, Zoya A1 - Klann, Dan A1 - Schäffner, Jan A1 - Langendörfer, Peter T1 - On the Complexity of Attacking Commercial Authentication Products T2 - Microprocessors and Microsystems Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpro.2020.103480 SN - 0141-9331 IS - 80 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Granger, Téo A1 - Michelitsch, Thomas M. A1 - Bestehorn, Michael A1 - Riascos, Alejandro P. A1 - Collet, Bernard A. T1 - Four-compartment epidemic model with retarded transition rates T2 - Physical Review E N2 - We study an epidemic model for a constant population by taking into account four compartments of the individuals characterizing their states of health. Each individual is in one of the following compartments: susceptible S; incubated, i.e., infected yet not infectious, C; infected and infectious I; and recovered, i.e., immune, R. An infection is visible only when an individual is in state I. Upon infection, an individual performs the transition pathway S→C→I→R→S, remaining in compartments C, I, and R for a certain random waiting time tC, tI, and tR, respectively. The waiting times for each compartment are independent and drawn from specific probability density functions (PDFs) introducing memory into the model. The first part of the paper is devoted to the macroscopic S−C−I−R−S model. We derive memory evolution equations involving convolutions (time derivatives of general fractional type). We consider several cases. The memoryless case is represented by exponentially distributed waiting times. Cases of long waiting times with fat-tailed waiting-time distributions are considered as well where the S−C−I−R−S evolution equations take the form of time-fractional ordinary differential equations. We obtain formulas for the endemic equilibrium and a condition of its existence for cases when the waiting-time PDFs have existing means. We analyze the stability of healthy and endemic equilibria and derive conditions for which the endemic state becomes oscillatory (Hopf) unstable. In the second part, we implement a simple multiple-random-walker approach (microscopic model of Brownian motion of Z independent walkers) with random S−C−I−R−S waiting times in computer simulations. Infections occur with a certain probability by collisions of walkers in compartments I and S. We compare the endemic states predicted in the macroscopic model with the numerical results of the simulations and find accordance of high accuracy. We conclude that a simple random-walker approach offers an appropriate microscopic description for the macroscopic model. The S−C−I−R−S–type models open a wide field of applications allowing the identification of pertinent parameters governing the phenomenology of epidemic dynamics such as extinction, convergence to a stable endemic equilibrium, or persistent oscillatory behavior. KW - Nonlinear time-delay systems KW - Techniques Brownian dynamics KW - Diffusion & random walks KW - Epidemic spreading KW - Non-Markovian processes KW - Interdisciplinary Physics KW - Biological Physics KW - Statistical Physics Y1 - 2023 UR - https://journals.aps.org/pre/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevE.107.044207 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.107.044207 SN - 2470-0045 VL - 107 IS - 4 SP - 044207-1 EP - 044207-15 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bestehorn, Michael A1 - Bestehorn, Michael A1 - Michelitsch, Thomas M. A1 - Collet, Bernard A. A1 - Riascos, Alejandro P. A1 - Nowakowski, Andrzej. F. T1 - Simple model of epidemic dynamics with memory effects T2 - Physical Review E N2 - We introduce a compartment model with memory for the dynamics of epidemic spreading in a constant population of individuals. Each individual is in one of the states S=susceptible, I=infected, or R=recovered (SIR model). In state R an individual is assumed to stay immune within a finite-time interval. In the first part, we introduce a random lifetime or duration of immunity which is drawn from a certain probability density function. Once the time of immunity is elapsed an individual makes an instantaneous transition to the susceptible state. By introducing a random duration of immunity a memory effect is introduced into the process which crucially determines the epidemic dynamics. In the second part, we investigate the influence of the memory effect on the space-time dynamics of the epidemic spreading by implementing this approach into computer simulations and employ a multiple random walker's model. If a susceptible walker meets an infectious one on the same site, then the susceptible one gets infected with a certain probability. The computer experiments allow us to identify relevant parameters for spread or extinction of an epidemic. In both parts, the finite duration of immunity causes persistent oscillations in the number of infected individuals with ongoing epidemic activity preventing the system from relaxation to a steady state solution. Such oscillatory behavior is supported by real-life observations and not captured by the classical standard SIR model. KW - Bifurcations KW - Diseases KW - Dynamics of networks KW - Patterns in complex systems KW - Nonlinear Dynamics KW - Interdisciplinary Physics KW - Biological Physics Y1 - 2022 UR - https://journals.aps.org/pre/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevE.105.024205 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.105.024205 SN - 2470-0045 VL - 105 IS - 2 SP - 024205-1 EP - 024205-10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bestehorn, Michael A1 - Riascos, Alejandro P. A1 - Michelitsch, Thomas M. A1 - Collet, Bernard A. T1 - A Markovian random walk model of epidemic spreading T2 - Continuum Mechanics and Thermodynamics N2 - We analyze the dynamics of a population of independent random walkers on a graph and develop a simple model of epidemic spreading. We assume that each walker visits independently the nodes of a finite ergodic graph in a discrete-time Markovian walk governed by his specific transition matrix. With this assumption, we first derive an upper bound for the reproduction numbers. Then, we assume that a walker is in one of the states: susceptible, infectious, or recovered. An infectious walker remains infectious during a certain characteristic time. If an infectious walker meets a susceptible one on the same node, there is a certain probability for the susceptible walker to get infected. By implementing this hypothesis in computer simulations, we study the space-time evolution of the emerging infection patterns. Generally, random walk approaches seem to have a large potential to study epidemic spreading and to identify the pertinent parameters in epidemic dynamics. KW - Markovian random walks KW - Ergodic networks KW - Epidemic spreading Y1 - 2021 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00161-021-00970-z U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00161-021-00970-z SN - 1432-0959 SN - 0935-1175 VL - 33 IS - 4 SP - 1207 EP - 1221 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Uhlenbrock, Greta A1 - Schulze, Susanne A1 - Sappl, Isabella A1 - Rapp, Michael A. A1 - Tallarek, Marie A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Holmberg, Christine T1 - Sorge vor Covid-19-Infektion und das Risiko für Burnout-Symptome: eine Studie zur Belastung von Pflegekräften in Brandenburger Pflegeheimen während der Covid-19-Pandemie T2 - Psychiatrische Praxis N2 - Ziel der Studie Untersuchung der Assoziation von Sorge vor eigener Infektion oder der Infektion von Freunden, Familie und Pflegebedürftigen mit Covid-19 und Burnout-Symptomen von Pflegekräften in Brandenburger vollstationären Altenpflegeeinrichtungen. Methodik Querschnittliche Befragung von Pflegekräften (n=195) in Brandenburger Pflegeheimen zwischen August und Dezember 2020 hinsichtlich ihrer psychosozialen Belastung am Arbeitsplatz. Ergebnisse Das Vorliegen der Sorge, sich selbst, Familie und/oder Freunde oder Pflegebedürftige mit Covid-19 infiziert zu haben, ist mit einer erhöhten Ausprägung von Burnout-Symptomen assoziiert (b=0,200, t(155)=2,777, p=0,006). Schlussfolgerung Ein erhöhtes Erleben von Burnout-Symptomen durch die Sorge eines Infektionsrisikos mit Covid-19 am Arbeitsplatz spricht für den Bedarf umfassender Unterstützungsmaßnahmen sowie nachhaltiger Konzepte zum Umgang mit psychosozialer Belastung für Pflegekräfte in der Altenpflege. KW - Burnout KW - Covid 19 KW - Pandemie KW - Pflege KW - Pflegeheim Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2019-6495 SN - 1439-0876 VL - 50 IS - 7 SP - 353 EP - 360 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pototsky, Andrey A1 - Oron, Alexander A1 - Bestehorn, Michael T1 - Equilibrium shapes and floatability of static and vertically vibrated heavy liquid drops on the surface of a lighter fluid T2 - Journal of Fluid Mechanics N2 - A small drop of a heavier fluid may float on the surface of a lighter fluid supported by surface tension forces. In equilibrium, the drop assumes a radially symmetric shape with a circular triple-phase contact line. We show that such a floating liquid drop with a sufficiently small volume has two distinct equilibrium shapes at terrestrial gravity: one with a larger and one with a smaller radius of the triple-phase contact line. Static stability analysis reveals that both shapes could be stable if the drop volume is below a certain critical value. Experiments conducted with μL-sized water drops floating on commercial oil support the existence of multiple contact line radii for a drop with fixed volume. Next, we experimentally study the floatability of a less viscous water drop on the surface of a more viscous and less dense oil, subjected to a low-frequency (Hz-order) vertical vibration. We find that in a certain range of amplitudes, vibration helps heavy liquid drops to stay afloat. The physical mechanism of the increased floatability is explained by the horizontal elongation of the drop driven by subharmonic Faraday waves. The average length of the triple-phase contact line increases as the drop elongates that leads to a larger average lifting force produced by the surface tension. KW - Drops KW - Faraday waves Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2021.546 SN - 1469-7645 SN - 0022-1120 VL - 922 SP - A31-1 EP - A31-21 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Piriz, S. A. A1 - Piriz, Antonio R. A1 - Tahir, Naeem A. A1 - Richter, Sebastian A1 - Bestehorn, Michael T1 - Rayleigh-Taylor instability in elastic-plastic solid slabs bounded by a rigid wall T2 - Physical Review E N2 - The linear evolution of the incompressible Rayleigh-Taylor instability for the interface between an elastic-plastic slab medium and a lighter semi-infinite ideal fluid beneath the slab is developed for the case in which slab is attached to a rigid wall at the top surface. The theory yields the maps for the stability in the space determined by the initial perturbation amplitude and wavelength, as well as for the transition boundary from the elastic to the plastic regimes for arbitrary thicknesses of the slab and density contrasts between the media. In particular, an approximate but very accurate scaling law is found for the minimum initial perturbation amplitude required for instability and for the corresponding perturbation wavelength at which it occurs. These results allows for an interpretation of the recent experiments by Maimouni et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 154502 (2016)]. KW - Rayleigh-Taylor instability KW - Research Areas Flow instability KW - Research Areas Nonlinear phenomena in plasmas KW - Plasma instabilities Plasma macroinstabilities Y1 - 2021 UR - https://journals.aps.org/pre/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevE.103.023105 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.103.023105 SN - 2470-0045 VL - 103 IS - 2 SP - 023105-1 EP - 023105-12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tyvand, Peder A. A1 - Mulstad, Camilla A1 - Bestehorn, Michael T1 - A nonlinear impulsive Cauchy–Poisson problem. Part 1. Eulerian description T2 - Journal of Fluid Mechanics N2 - A nonlinear Cauchy–Poisson problem with impulsive surface forcing is investigated analytically and numerically. An incompressible liquid with an initially horizontal surface is instantaneously put into motion by an impulsive surface pressure distribution turned on and off during an infinitesimal time interval. We consider symmetric, antisymmetric and asymmetric pressure impulses based on dipoles and quadrupoles. The subsequent inviscid free-surface flow is governed by fully nonlinear surface conditions, which are solved exactly to third order in a small-time expansion. The small-time expansion applies to flows dominated by inertia. Such flows are generated by relatively strong pressure impulses, measured in gravitational units. We solve the problem numerically and find that only relatively weak pressure impulses will lead to oscillatory waves. The free surface will break before a full gravitational oscillation is completed when the amplitude of the pressure impulse exceeds one gravitational unit. KW - Surface gravity waves KW - Air/sea interactions Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-fluid-mechanics/article/nonlinear-impulsive-cauchypoisson-problem-part-1-eulerian-description/F353BA9CA7AD0059F023BE50B4942D64# U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2020.787 SN - 1469-7645 SN - 0022-1120 VL - 906 SP - A24-1 EP - A24-32 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tyvand, Peder A. A1 - Mulstad, Camilla A1 - Bestehorn, Michael T1 - A nonlinear impulsive Cauchy–Poisson problem. Part 2. Lagrangian description T2 - Journal of Fluid Mechanics N2 - A fully nonlinear Cauchy–Poisson problem is investigated analytically by a small-time expansion. The inviscid incompressible fluid layer has an initially horizontal surface. The fluid is forced into motion by an impulsive surface pressure. The early nonlinear free-surface problem is solved to second order in a small-time expansion by the Lagrangian description of motion. Comparisons are made with two other solution procedures for the same nonlinear problem in the absence of gravity: a third-order small-time expansion and a numerical solution, based on full nonlinearity according to the standard Eulerian description. Good agreement is found between the present second-order Lagrangian solution and the previous third-order Eulerian solution, until both these asymptotic expansions diverge rather abruptly at the same time. KW - Air/sea interactions KW - Surface gravity waves Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-fluid-mechanics/article/nonlinear-impulsive-cauchypoisson-problem-part-2-lagrangian-description/1934256B0F16ABDDAE313EF9FD9D3ADA U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2020.788 SN - 1469-7645 SN - 0022-1120 VL - 906 SP - A25-1 EP - A25-19 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bestehorn, Michael T1 - Rayleigh–Taylor and Kelvin–Helmholtz instability studied in the frame of a dimension-reduced model T2 - Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences N2 - Introducing an extension of a recently derived dimension-reduced model for an infinitely deep inviscid and irrotational layer, a two-layer system is examined in the present paper. A second thin viscous layer is added on top of the original one-layer system. The set-up is a combination of a long-wave approximation (upper layer) and a deep-water approximation (lower layer). Linear stability analysis shows the emergency of Rayleigh–Taylor and Kelvin–Helmholtz instabilities. Finally, numerical solutions of the model reveal spatial and temporal pattern formation in the weakly nonlinear regime of both instabilities. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Stokes at 200 (Part 1)’. KW - hydrodynamic waves KW - two-layer system KW - reduced models KW - numerical solutions Y1 - 2020 UR - https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/epdf/10.1098/rsta.2019.0508 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2019.0508 SN - 1471-2962 SN - 1364-503X VL - 378 SP - 1 EP - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tyvand, Peder A. A1 - Bestehorn, Michael T1 - Nonlinear wave resonance from bottom vibrations in uniform open-channel flow T2 - European Journal of Mechanics. B, Fluids N2 - It is known from linear theory that bottom oscillations in uniform open-channel flow can produce resonant surface waves with zero group velocity and diverging amplitude (Tyvand and Torheim 2012). This resonance exists for Froude numbers smaller than one, at a critical frequency dependent on the Froude number. This resonance phenomenon is studied numerically in the time domain, with fully nonlinear free-surface conditions. An oscillatory 2D bottom source is started, and the local elevation at resonance grows until it may reach a saturation amplitude. Four waves exist at subcritical Froude numbers, where resonance represents the third and the fourth wave merging. In the zero-frequency limit, the dispersive second and fourth wave merge into a steady wave with finite group velocity and amplitude, and no other periodic waves exist. In the time-dependent nonlinear analysis at zero frequency, a transient undular bore may emerge as the dominating phenomenon. KW - Froude number KW - Open-channel flow KW - Oscillating source KW - Resonance KW - Undular bore KW - Water waves Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0997754618307544 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euromechflu.2019.07.004 SN - 1873-7390 SN - 0997-7546 VL - 79 SP - 74 EP - 86 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pototsky, Andrey A1 - Oron, Alexander A1 - Bestehorn, Michael T1 - Vibration-induced floatation of a heavy liquid drop on a lighter liquid film T2 - Physic of Fluids N2 - We carry out a theoretical study of vibration-induced saturation of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability for an isolated liquid drop on the surface of a less dense finite-thickness carrier film. Without vibration, a heavy drop falls through the carrier film by forming a stretching liquid column until the bottom tip of the column reaches the solid substrate and the carrier film ruptures. We show that an externally applied vertical vibration prevents the rupture of the film and enables stable flotation of the drop. A hydrodynamic model is used to study the effect of inertia on the long-time dynamics of the drop. It is shown that rupture can only be prevented when the Reynolds number is nonzero. KW - Wave mechanics KW - Thin films KW - Liquid liquid interfaces KW - Liquid solid interfaces KW - Flow instabilities KW - Navier Stokes equations KW - Oscillating flow KW - Surface waves KW - Hydrodynamics simulations Y1 - 2019 UR - https://pubs.aip.org/aip/pof/article/31/8/087101/1059058/Vibration-induced-floatation-of-a-heavy-liquid U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5099661 SN - 1089-7666 SN - 1070-6631 VL - 31 IS - 8 SP - 087101-1 EP - 087101-13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lengyel, Dominik A1 - Toulouse, Catherine T1 - Archaeology as Study of the Future T2 - The European Archaeologist Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.e-a-a.org/EAA/Publications/Tea/Tea_75/EAA/Navigation_Publications/TEA_75.aspx SN - 1022–0135 IS - 75 SP - 26 EP - 33 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wachs, Sebastian A1 - Valido, Alberto A1 - Espelage, Dorothy L. A1 - Castellanos, Melisa A1 - Wettstein, Alexander A1 - Bilz, Ludwig T1 - The relation of classroom climate to adolescents' countering hate speech via social skills: A positive youth development perspective T2 - Journal of Adolescence N2 - Introduction. Hate speech is a current challenge for schools around the globe. At the same time, students worldwide stand up to hate speech by countering it. Guided by a positive youth development perspective, the present study investigated the direct and indirect associations between classroom climate (environmental assets), social skills (personal assets), and countering hate speech (as a proxy of thriving) among adolescents. Methods. The sample included 3225 students in grades 7–9 (51.7% self-identified as female) from 40 schools in Germany (n = 1841) and Switzerland (n = 1384). Students completed self-report questionnaires that assessed classroom climate, three facets of social skills (i.e., perspective-taking, prosocial behavior, assertiveness), and counterspeech. Results. The results of the 2-(1-1-1)-1 multilevel mediation analysis revealed that classroom climate (L2) and the three facets of social skills (L1) had a direct positive effect on counterspeech (L1). Furthermore, classroom climate (L2) also had a direct positive effect on the three facets of social skills (L1). Finally, classroom climate (L2) had an indirect positive effect on counterspeech (L1) via all three aspects of social skills (L1). Conclusion. The findings highlight that successful anti-hate speech programs may entail a combination of environmental and personal factors for increasing adolescents' active contribution to an inclusive and discrimination-free classroom environment where hate speech is not tolerated. KW - adolescents KW - classroom climate KW - counterspeech KW - hate speech KW - schools KW - social skills Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/jad.12180 SN - 1095-9254 VL - 95 IS - 6 SP - 1127 EP - 1139 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Eckert, Sandra van A1 - Seidel, Nadja A1 - Stölzel, Friederike A1 - Wolff, Michaela A1 - Glausch, Melanie A1 - Spallek, Jacob T1 - Aktiv leben mit Krebs – Tipps für einen gesunden Lebensstil“ – Bedarfserfassung und Entwicklung einer multimedialen Patienteninformation T2 - Das Gesundheitswesen N2 - Die positive Wirkung eines gesunden Lebensstils auf die ganz- heitliche Verfassung und Lebensqualität für Krebspatient*innen (Cancer Survivors) ist wissenschaftlich belegt. Gemäß den Na- tional Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) Guidelines for Survivorship ist Unterstützung in diesem Bereich ausdrücklich gefordert. Bei hohem Unterstützungsbedarf für die Entwick- lung und Umsetzung eines gesunden Lebensstils gibt es jedoch, vor allem in ländlichen Regionen, einen Mangel an spezialisier- ten Angeboten für Krebspatient*innen. Nach Erfassung der Bedürfnisse war es unser Ziel, eine leicht zugängliche, multi- mediale Patienteninformation auf der Basis des sozial-kogniti- ven Prozessmodells des Gesundheitsverhaltens (Health Action Process Approach – HAPA), zu konzipieren. Die Anhebung der Gesundheitskompetenz steht u. a. als Basis für informierte Ent- scheidungen, und ist damit eine wichtige Ressource für die Krebsnachsorge. Weiterführende Erhebungen zur Akzeptanz, Nutzung und Auswirkung der Patienteninformation hinsichtlich einer angestrebten, längerfristigen Änderung des Gesundheits- verhaltens sind empfohlen. KW - Gesundheitskompetenz KW - Krebsnachsorge KW - Lebensstil Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1709-0939 SN - 0941-3790 VL - 85 IS - 4 SP - 227 EP - 233 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rodríguez Mansilla, Francesc Gabriel T1 - Contested Socio-Environmental Imaginaries of Water and Rivers in Times of Hydropower Expansion in Costa Rica T2 - Water Alternatives N2 - A wave of applications for private concessions to build run-of-the-river dams swept Costa Rica during the 2010s. These hydroelectric project plans caused concern among residents adjacent to the targeted rivers to the extent that a water conflict erupted in several communities of the southern Pacific side of the country. In this article, I use a multi-sited ethnographic approach, including a visual analysis, to explore the resistance of local people to these plans. My focus is on the contestation over the assumptions about water that are present in the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report of a hydroelectric project plan. By showing the underlying socioenvironmental imaginaries that underpin the conflict over dam development, my article reveals ontological differences between institutionalised and non-institutionalised ways of knowing (and relating to) water. Reflecting on what I consider to be ontological disjunctions, I conclude that some of the technical aspects of the EIA report – such as the here-employed notion of environmental flow, which is estimated using only a hydrological approach – have constituted a technical orthodoxy, or dogma, that requires a rethinking of the institutionally dominant assumptions about the understanding and being of water and rivers in southern Costa Rica. KW - environmental flow KW - environmental impact assessment KW - water ontology KW - Costa Rica Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.water-alternatives.org/index.php/alldoc/articles/vol16/v16issue2/703-a16-2-6/file SN - 1965-0175 VL - 16 IS - 2 SP - 730 EP - 749 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reiter, Sebastian A1 - Han, Weijia A1 - Mai, Christian A1 - Spirito, Davide A1 - Jose, Josmy A1 - Zöllner, Marvin Hartwig A1 - Fursenko, Oksana A1 - Schubert, Markus Andreas A1 - Stemmler, Ivo A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Fischer, Inga Anita T1 - Titanium Nitride Plasmonic Nanohole Arrays for CMOS-compatible integrated refractive index sensing: influence of layer thickness on optical properties T2 - Plasmonics Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11468-023-01810-3 SN - 1557-1963 SP - 1 EP - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Helbig, Christian A1 - Stix, Daniela Cornelia T1 - Teilhaben! Kinderrechtliche Potenziale der Digitalisierung T2 - Digitale Medien und Kinderrechte in der non-formalen und außerschulischen Bildung KW - Social Media KW - Medienkompetenz KW - Kinderrechte KW - Digitalisierung KW - Bildung Y1 - 2021 UR - https://dossier.kinderrechte.de/ausserschulische-bildung ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mai, Tam V.-T. A1 - Bui, Thanh Q. A1 - Nhung, Nguyen Thi Ai A1 - Quy, Phan Tu A1 - Shrestha, Krishna Prasad A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Giri, Binod Raj A1 - Huynh, Lam Kim T1 - An Ab Initio RRKM-Based Master Equation Study for Kinetics of OH-Initiated Oxidation of 2-Methyltetrahydrofuran and Its Implications in Kinetic Modeling T2 - Energies N2 - Cyclic ethers (CEs) can be promising future biofuel candidates. Most CEs possess physico-chemical and combustion indicators comparable to conventional fuels, making them suitable for internal combustion engines. This work computationally investigates the kinetic behaviors of hydrogen abstraction from 2-methyl tetrahydrofuran (2MTHF), one of the promising CEs, by hydroxyl radicals under combustion and atmospheric relevant conditions. The various reaction pathways were explored using the CCSD(T)/cc-pVTZ//M06-2X/aug-cc-pVTZ level of theory. The Rice–Ramsperger–Kassel–Marcus-based master equation (RRKM-ME) rate model, including treatments for hindered internal rotation and tunneling, was employed to describe time-dependent species profiles and pressure and temperature-dependent rate coefficients. Our kinetic model revealed that the H-abstraction proceeds via an addition-elimination mechanism forming reaction complexes at both the entrance and exit channels. Eight different reaction channels yielding five radical products were located. The reaction exhibited complex kinetics yielding a U-shaped Arrhenius behavior. An unusual occurrence of negative temperature dependence was observed at low temperatures, owing to the negative barrier height for the hydrogen abstraction reaction from the C-H bond at the vicinity of the O-atom. A shift in the reaction mechanism was observed with the dominance of the abstraction at Cα-H of 2MTHF ring (causing negative-T dependence) and at CH3 (positive-T dependence) at low and high temperatures, respectively. Interestingly, the pressure effect was observed at low temperatures, revealing the kinetic significance of the pre-reaction complex. Under atmospheric pressure, our theoretical rate coefficients showed excellent agreement with the available literature data. Our model nicely captured the negative temperature-dependent behaviors at low temperatures. Our predicted global rate coefficients can be expressed as k (T, 760 Torr) = 3.55 × 101 × T−4.72 × exp [−340.0 K/T] + 8.21 × 10−23 × T3.49 × exp [918.8 K/T] (cm3/molecule/s). Our work provides a detailed kinetic picture of the OH-initiated oxidation kinetics of 2MTHF. Hence, this information is useful for building a kinetic me chanism for methylated cyclic ethers. KW - ab initio KW - RRKM-ME calculations KW - 2-methyl tetrahydrofuran KW - OH radicals KW - kinetic modeling Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/en16093730 SN - 1996-1073 VL - 16 IS - 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Langner, Thomas A1 - Sieber, Tim A1 - Rietig, Anja A1 - Merk, Virginia A1 - Pfeiffer, Lutz A1 - Acker, Jörg T1 - A Phenomenological and Quantitative View on the Degradation of Positive Electrodes from Spent Lithium-ion Batteries in Humid Atmosphere T2 - Scientific Reports N2 - The present study deals with the phenomenological observation of the corrosion of the positive electrode foil of lithium-ion batteries containing LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 (NMC) as cathode material. Due to the presence of moisture, localized water accumulation is formed on the NMC surface. The water absorbed by the electrolyte reacts with the NMC under Li+/H+ exchange and the resulting pH increase leads to dissolution of the carrier foil and characteristic salt-like blooms on the NMC surface. With the increase in the relative area occupied by the holes in the aluminum foil per time, a sufficiently suitable parameter was found with which to quantitatively determine the extent of corrosion. The degree of degradation depends on time and ambient humidity. It was shown that functional recycling with the water jet method is no longer applicable for degraded foils, since the mechanical stability of the foils decreases as corrosion progresses. Lithium, aluminum, sulfur and oxygen were detected in the blooms using SEM–EDX and Laser-Induced-Breakdown-Spectroscopy (LIBS). The underlying NMC layer was found to contain mainly aluminum and significantly lower lithium content than the non-degraded material. SEM and Raman microscopy analyses also showed that the active material is also locally degraded and therefore no longer suitable for functional recycling. KW - Analytical chemistry KW - lithium KW - cathode KW - materials KW - LIBS KW - Raman KW - SEM-EDX KW - degradation Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-32688-0 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kober, Markus A1 - Beirow, Bernd A1 - Meyer, Marcus A1 - Singh, Kai T1 - Towards the Isogeometric Aero-Engine T2 - Results in Engineering N2 - Creating very detailed finite element models of aero-engines is a very time-consuming process especially if structured meshes have to be generated for thousands of parts. Isogeometric analysis offers the possibility of an accelerated model creation process while achieving higher accuracy by using the non-uniform rational B-spline functions used for the geometry description also as basis functions for the finite element analysis. In this case, no meshing is necessary anymore. Here, we demonstrate this process by applying a self-developed tool which creates a geometry description and a computational model of a part at the same time. By the help of this tool we build up a simplified mechanical aero-engine model, which is used for transient implicit computations simulating the acceleration process of the rotor. We discuss the results as well as the computational time of isogeometric models in comparison to classical finite element models. KW - Isogeometric analysis KW - Finite element method KW - Aero-engine model generation KW - Accelerated whole-engine modeling Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590123023002621?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rineng.2023.101135 SN - 2590-1230 VL - Vol. 18 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bestehorn, Michael A1 - Michelitsch, Thomas M. T1 - Oscillating Behavior of a Compartmental Model with Retarded Noisy Dynamic Infection Rate T2 - International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos N2 - Our study is based on an epidemiological compartmental model, the SIRS model. In the SIRS model, each individual is in one of the states susceptible (S), infected (I) or recovered (R), depending on its state of health. In compartment R, an individual is assumed to stay immune within a finite time interval only and then transfers back to the S compartment. We extend the model and allow for a feedback control of the infection rate by mitigation measures which are related to the number of infections. A finite response time of the feedback mechanism is supposed that changes the low-dimensional SIRS model into an infinite-dimensional set of integro-differential (delay-differential) equations. It turns out that the retarded feedback renders the originally stable endemic equilibrium of SIRS (stable focus) to an unstable focus if the delay exceeds a certain critical value. Nonlinear solutions show persistent regular oscillations of the number of infected and susceptible individuals. In the last part we include noise effects from the environment and allow for a fluctuating infection rate. This results in multiplicative noise terms and our model turns into a set of stochastic nonlinear integro-differential equations. Numerical solutions reveal an irregular behavior of repeated disease outbreaks in the form of infection waves with a variety of frequencies and amplitudes. KW - Epidemic models KW - delay-differential equation KW - bifurcation theory KW - numerical simulation KW - sstability analysis Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.worldscientific.com/doi/epdf/10.1142/S0218127423500566 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1142/S0218127423500566 SN - 1793-6551 VL - 33 IS - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vishwakarma, Abhinav A1 - Fritscher, Markus A1 - Hagelauer, Amelie A1 - Reichenbach, Marc T1 - An RRAM-based building block for reprogrammable non-uniform sampling ADCs T2 - Information Technology : it Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/itit-2023-0021 SN - 2196-7032 VL - 65 IS - 1-2 SP - 39 EP - 51 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Blokker, Johanna T1 - Heritage and the ‘Heartland’: Architectural and urban heritage in the discourse and practice of the populist far right T2 - Journal of European Studies N2 - The role of architectural heritage in the discourse and practice of the populist far right is examined, referring to examples in Germany and focusing on the Alternative für Deutschland. The findings reveal that the Alternative für Deutschland appropriates historic buildings and sites in a number of ways, including visual and oral rhetoric and embodied performance, and instrumentalizes them to specific ends. Built heritage in particular serves to naturalize and therefore to legitimize and authorize populist positions by anchoring them not only in time but also at places, thus reinforcing populism’s exclusionary logic along territorial lines – including those describing the space of ‘European civilization’. This implies challenges for heritage professionals and institutions, as actors such as the Alternative für Deutschland attempt to map the notion of a national or a civilizational ‘Heartland’ onto existing heritage objects and sites or else engage in ‘making’ heritage in the urban environment. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/00472441221115560 SN - 0047-2441 SN - 1740-2379 VL - 52 IS - 3-4 SP - 219 EP - 237 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Blokker, Johanna T1 - Denkmalsturz und Denkmalschutz. Positionen der Denkmalpflege zum Umgang mit Denkmälern des Kolonialismus T2 - Aus Politik und Zeitgeschichte Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.bpb.de/shop/zeitschriften/apuz/geschichte-und-erinnerung-2021/341137/denkmalsturz-und-denkmalschutz/ SN - 2194-3621 VL - 71 IS - 40-41 SP - 27 EP - 33 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stix, Daniela Cornelia T1 - Social Media Platforms as Pedagogical Spaces. The Professional Use of Social Media Platforms in Youth Work. T2 - Media Education. Studi, Ricerche, Buone Pratiche KW - Social Media KW - Media Literacy KW - Public Relations KW - Social Work KW - youth work KW - pedagogy KW - virtual space Y1 - 2018 UR - https://oaj.fupress.net/index.php/med/article/view/8817/8393 SN - 2038-3002 VL - 9 IS - 2 SP - 329 EP - 342 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stix, Daniela Cornelia A1 - Jolls, Tessa T1 - Promoting Media Literacy Learning - A Comparison of various Media Literacy Models T2 - Media Education. Studi, Ricerche, Buone Pratiche KW - media literacy KW - Medienkompetenzmodelle KW - Medienkompetenz KW - Medienbildung KW - media education KW - media literacy learning Y1 - 2020 UR - https://oaj.fupress.net/index.php/med/article/view/9091/8018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.36253/me-9091 SN - 2038-3002 SN - 2038-3010 VL - 11 IS - 1 SP - 15 EP - 23 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schlipf, Jon A1 - Berkmann, Fritz A1 - Yamamoto, Yuji A1 - Reichenbach, Marc A1 - Veleski, Mitko A1 - Kawaguchi, Yuma A1 - Mörz, Florian A1 - Tomm, Jens W. A1 - Weißhaupt, David A1 - Fischer, Inga Anita T1 - Robust Si/Ge heterostructure metasurfaces as building blocks for wavelength-selective photodetectors T2 - Applied Physics Letters Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0134458 SN - 1077-3118 VL - 122 IS - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rietig, Anja A1 - Langner, Thomas A1 - Acker, Jörg T1 - About determining reliable etching rates and the role of temperature in kinetic experiments on acidic wet chemical etching of silicon T2 - Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics Y1 - 2023 UR - https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2023/cp/d2cp05837e U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/D2CP05837E SN - 1463-9084 VL - 25 IS - 16 SP - 11387 EP - 11397 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stix, Daniela Cornelia T1 - Soziale Onlinenetzwerke (k)eine pädagogenfreie Zone T2 - Deutsche Jugend : Zeitschrift für die Jugendarbeit KW - Social Media KW - Soziale Onlinenetzwerke KW - Jugendarbeit KW - Beziehungsarbeit KW - Kolonialisierung KW - pädagogisches Handeln KW - professionelles Handeln Y1 - 2014 SN - 0012-0332 VL - 62 IS - 12 SP - 531 EP - 538 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stix, Daniela Cornelia T1 - Warum Soziale Onlinenetzwerke in der Jugendarbeit noch weiter erforscht werden müssen: Ein Beitrag aus Perspektive der außerschulischen Kinder- und Jugendarbeitsforschung T2 - Soziale Netzwerke im Diskurs KW - Social Media KW - Jugendarbeit KW - Jugendarbeitsforschung KW - Soziale Onlinenetzwerke KW - Soziale Netzwerke KW - Offene Kinder- und Jugendarbeit KW - außerschulische Kinder- und Jugendarbeit Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.18445/20160127-125534-0 SP - 213 EP - 238 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stix, Daniela Cornelia T1 - Mehr als Öffentlichkeitsarbeit – außerschulische Jugendarbeit in Sozialen Onlinenetzwerken T2 - Der pädagogische Blick KW - Jugendarbeit KW - außerschulische Kinder- und Jugendarbeit KW - Offene Kinder- und Jugendarbeit KW - Social Media KW - Beziehungsarbeit KW - Öffentlichkeitsarbeit Y1 - 2015 SN - 0943-5484 VL - 23 IS - 3 SP - 157 EP - 168 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stix, Daniela Cornelia T1 - Soziale Onlinenetzwerke als pädagogische Handlungsräume. Fallbeispiele der Offenen Kinder- und Jugendarbeit zur professionellen Nutzung von Sozialen Onlinenetzwerken T2 - Sozial Extra : Zeitschrift für Soziale Arbeit KW - Social Media KW - Jugendarbeit KW - Offene Kinder- und Jugendarbeit KW - außerschulische Kinder- und Jugendarbeit KW - Handlungsräume KW - pädagogische Räume KW - pädagogisches Handeln KW - professionelles Handeln Y1 - 2018 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12054-018-0044-0 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12054-018-0044-0 SN - 0931-279X VL - 42 IS - 3 SP - 12 EP - 15 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwerthelm, Moritz A1 - Stix, Daniela Cornelia T1 - Jugendarbeit als die Freiheit frei zu sein T2 - Sozial Extra : Zeitschrift für Soziale Arbeit KW - Jugendarbeit KW - Kinder- und Jugendarbeit KW - Freiheit KW - Prinzipien KW - Bildung KW - Defizitorientierung KW - Geschichte KW - Funktionsbestimmung Y1 - 2018 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs12054-018-0121-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12054-018-0121-4 SN - 0931-279 X VL - 42 IS - 6 SP - 44 EP - 48 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stix, Daniela Cornelia T1 - Schleichende Grenzaufweichungen und persönliche Ver-flechtungen. Strategien im pädagogischen Handeln mit Social-Media-Plattformen in der Offenen Kinder- und Jugendarbeit T2 - Zeitschrift für Sozialpädagogik : ZfSp KW - Social Media KW - Jugendarbeit KW - Offene Kinder- und Jugendarbeit KW - außerschulische Kinder- und Jugendarbeit KW - Grenzen KW - professionelles Handeln KW - Nähe und Distanz KW - pädagogisches Handeln KW - Arbeitbeziehungen Y1 - 2019 SN - 1610-2339 VL - 17 IS - 2 SP - 167 EP - 185 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stix, Daniela Cornelia A1 - Harneid, Lisa T1 - Social Media und jugendliches Coming-out. Chancen — Risiken — Unterstützungsmöglichkeiten T2 - Deutsche Jugend : Zeitschrift für die Jugendarbeit KW - Jugendarbeit KW - Social Media KW - Kommunikationsmanagement KW - Identitätsmanagement KW - Informationsmanagement Y1 - 2019 SN - 0012-0332 VL - 67 IS - 9 SP - 387 EP - 395 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kirschner, Jana A1 - Michel, Sven A1 - Becker, Roland A1 - Stiebitz, Olaf A1 - Hommel, Hagen A1 - Schulz, Robert A1 - Daszkiewicz, Maciej A1 - Krolikowska, Aleksandra A1 - Prill, Robert T1 - Determination of Relationships between Symmetry-Based, Performance-Based, and Functional Outcome Measures in Patients Undergoing Total Hip Arthroplasty T2 - Journal of Personalized Medicine N2 - Due to the high heterogeneity in outcome measures after total hip arthroplasty (THA), the prospective observational study investigated the relationships between symmetry-based (SBMs), performance-based (PBMs), and functional outcome measures in THA patients to determine necessary or redundant categories of tests. The study material consisted of 24 patients with end-stage hip osteoarthritis scheduled for THA. The patients were examined one day before surgery and consecutively on the 4th day, 9th day, and 10th week postoperatively using the SBMs (weight-bearing chair-rising test, measurements of the maximal isometric torque of the quadriceps muscle); the PBMs (10-m walk, timed up-and-go, and stair-climbing tests); and the functional outcome measure (Harris Hip Score). The results obtained in a given category of tests at different time points were compared, and the correlations between the tests were determined. The reliability of the outcome measures was determined. The results of tests in the studied categories statistically significantly (p < 0.05) improved at the 10th week postoperatively compared to preoperative results. No strong correlations were revealed between the three studied types of outcome measures in THA patients. Therefore, none of them can be considered redundant. It also means that the relevance of symmetry for a core measurement set to describe the domain function in THA patients must be further clarified. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm13071046 SN - 2075-4426 VL - 13 IS - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mayer, Alena A1 - Herr, Raphael A1 - Klein, Thomas A1 - Wiedemann, Eva A1 - Diehl, Katharina A1 - Hoffmann, Stephanie A1 - Blume, Miriam A1 - Jepsen, Dennis A1 - Sundmacher, Leonie A1 - Andreas, Marike A1 - Schneider, Sven T1 - Socio-economic inequalities in body mass index among preschool children: do sports programs in early childhood education and care centers make a difference? T2 - Frontiers in Public Health N2 - Background: Overweight in childhood is considered to be one of the most serious public health challenges. Many studies have investigated individual-level determinants of children's body mass index (BMI), yet studies exploring determinants at the meso-level are sparse. The aim of our study was to examine how a sports focus at early childhood education and care (ECEC) centers moderates the effect of parental socio-economic position (SEP) on children's BMI. Methods: We used data from the German National Educational Panel Study and included 1,891 children (955 boys and 936 girls) from 224 ECEC centers in our analysis. Linear multilevel regressions were used to estimate the main effects of family SEP and the ECEC center sports focus, as well as their interaction, on children's BMI. All analyses were stratified by sex and adjusted for age, migration background, number of siblings, and employment status of parents. Results: Our analysis confirmed the wellknown health inequalities in childhood overweight with a social gradient toward a higher BMI for children from lower SEP families. An interactive effect between family SEP and ECEC center sports focus was found. Boys with low family SEP not attending a sports-focused ECEC center had the highest BMI among all boys. In contrast, boys with low family SEP attending a sports-focused ECEC center had the lowest BMI. For girls, no association regarding ECEC center focus or interactive effects emerged. Girls with a high SEP had the lowest BMI, independent of the ECEC center focus. Conclusion: We provided evidence for the gender-specific relevance of sports-focused ECEC centers for the prevention of overweight. Especially boys from low SEP families benefited from a sports focus, whereas for girls the family's SEP was more relevant. As a consequence, gender differences in determinants for BMI at different levels and their interaction should be considered in further research and preventive measures. Our research indicates that ECEC centers may decrease health inequalities by providing opportunities for physical activity. KW - BMI KW - children KW - meso-level KW - sport KW - early childhood education and care center KW - pre-school KW - health equalities Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1079871 SN - 2296-2565 VL - Vol. 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Han, Weijia A1 - Reiter, Sebastian A1 - Schlipf, Jon A1 - Mai, Christian A1 - Spirito, Davide A1 - Jose, Josmy A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Fischer, Inga Anita T1 - Strongly enhanced sensitivities of CMOS compatible plasmonic titanium nitride nanohole arrays for refractive index sensing under oblique incidence T2 - Optics Express N2 - Titanium nitride (TiN) is a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) compatible material with large potential for the fabrication of plasmonic structures suited for device integration. However, the comparatively large optical losses can be detrimental for application. This work reports a CMOS compatible TiN nanohole array (NHA) on top of a multilayer stack for potential use in integrated refractive index sensing with high sensitivities at wavelengths between 800 and 1500 nm. The stack, consisting of the TiN NHA on a silicon dioxide (SiO2) layer with Si as substrate (TiN NHA/SiO2/Si), is prepared using an industrial CMOS compatible process. The TiN NHA/SiO2/Si shows Fano resonances in reflectance spectra under oblique excitation, which are well reproduced by simulation using both finite difference time domain (FDTD) and rigorous coupled-wave analysis (RCWA) methods. The sensitivities derived from spectroscopic characterizations increase with the increasing incident angle and match well with the simulated sensitivities. Our systematic simulation-based investigation of the sensitivity of the TiN NHA/SiO2/Si stack under varied conditions reveals that very large sensitivities up to 2305 nm per refractive index unit (nm RIU−1) are predicted when the refractive index of superstrate is similar to that of the SiO2 layer. We analyze in detail how the interplay between plasmonic and photonic resonances such as surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs), localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs), Rayleigh Anomalies (RAs), and photonic microcavity modes (Fabry-Pérot resonances) contributes to this result. This work not only reveals the tunability of TiN nanostructures for plasmonic applications but also paves the way to explore efficient devices for sensing in broad conditions. KW - TiN KW - Plasmonics Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.481993 SN - 1094-4087 VL - 31 IS - 11 SP - 17389 EP - 17407 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tetzner, Henriette A1 - Seifert, W. A1 - Skibitzki, Oliver A1 - Yamamoto, Yuji A1 - Lisker, Marco A1 - Mirza, M. M. A1 - Fischer, Inga Anita A1 - Paul, Douglas J. A1 - De Seta, Monica A1 - Capellini, Giovanni T1 - Unintentional p-type conductivity in intrinsic Ge-rich SiGe/Ge heterostructures grown on Si(001) T2 - Applied Physics Letter Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0152962 SN - 1077-3118 VL - 122 IS - 24 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hayat, Ahsan A1 - Spirito, Davide A1 - Corley-Wiciak, Agnieszka Anna A1 - Schubert, Markus Andreas A1 - Masood, Maria A1 - Reichmann, Felix A1 - Ratzke, Markus A1 - Capellini, Giovanni A1 - Fischer, Inga Anita T1 - MBE-based growth of Sn-rich quantum wells and dots at low Sn deposition rates T2 - Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mssp.2023.107693 SN - 1873-4081 VL - 165 ER - TY - GEN A1 - König, Paul A1 - Müller, Phillip A1 - Höschler, Klaus T1 - Assessment of (hybrid)-electric drive-train architectures for future aircraft applications T2 - Journal of Physics: Conference Series N2 - Future regional aircraft and propulsion systems will have to address both a growing market and stricter environmental constraints. Besides the increase of component efficiencies, the technological transformation from conventional to (hybrid)-electric propulsion systems represents a paradigm shift with great potential for the aviation industry. In this context, economic, market-relevant as well as technological boundary conditions for the electrical and mechanical components are developed in this paper for a reference regional aircraft and are based on current research results from different institutions. The propulsion performance analysis of a conventional turboprop is compared and evaluated with a serial-hybrid and a fully-electric configuration (both battery-electric), status today as well as status ~2035, as an example, whereby the presented process can also be applied to other hybrid configurations too. An energy-optimised propulsion and operating concept is derived with regard to minimum resulting system weight. The results of this analysis help to define necessary boundary conditions for future subsystem investigations and identify key research items, especially in the field of the battery. Y1 - 2023 UR - https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1742-6596/2526/1/012023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2526/1/012023 SN - 1742-6596 VL - 2526 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Straub, Adrian A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Towards a novel concept for solid energy storage T2 - Computer Aided Chemical Engineering N2 - In this contribution, the model-based development of a novel process concept for the storage and release of ammonia in solids is proposed. The concept is validated by means of the Aspen Plus® process simulator. As a promising prospect, Hexaaminenickel(II) chloride is selected. After a preparative stage, the process can cycle between the storage and release of energy. The process is split in a reaction and a separation section, in such a way that the same equipment is used for both storage and release steps. Sensitivity analysis and design parameter optimization are used to determine key process parameters. The operation ranges from standard conditions (25 °C and 1 atm) to temperatures not higher than 120 °C. Moreover, the simulation results show that it is possible to store over 50% of the base material in form of ammonia, equivalent to almost 10 wt.% hydrogen, placing the concept within the specific system targets set by the U.S. Department of Energy. KW - Process design KW - Process modelling KW - Aspen Plus Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-443-15274-0.50472-8 SN - 1570-7946 VL - Vol. 52 SP - 2965 EP - 2970 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Miah, Sayeef A1 - Mechleri, Evgenia A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Multiobjective optimization of distributed energy systems design through 3E (economic, environmental and exergy) analysis T2 - Computer Aided Chemical Engineering N2 - Distributed energy systems (DES) are promising alternative to conventional centralized generation, with multiple financial incentives in many parts of the world. Current approaches focus on the design optimization of a DES through economic and environmental cost minimization. However, these two criteria alone do not satisfy long-term sustainability priorities of the system. The novelty of this paper is the simultaneous investigation of economic, environmental and exergetic criteria in the modelling of DES through the two most commonly used solution methodologies for solving multi-objective optimization problems – the weighted sum and the epsilon-constraint methods. Out of the set of Pareto optimal solutions, a best-compromised solution is chosen using the fuzzy-based method. Numerical results reveal reduction of around 93% and 89-91% in environmental and primary exergy input, respectively. KW - Multiobjective optimization KW - Distributed energy systems KW - Exergy KW - Mixed-integer linear programming KW - Fuzzy-based methods Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-443-15274-0.50473-X SN - 1570-7946 VL - Vol. 52 SP - 2971 EP - 2976 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Alves Amorim, Ana Paula A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Valverde Pontes, Karen A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - A framework for decision-making to encourage utilization of residential distributed energy systems in Brazil T2 - Computer Aided Chemical Engineering N2 - The Distributed Energy Systems (DES) or microgrid arose from the need to reduce greenhouse gases (GHG) emitted into the atmosphere by burning fossil fuels to generate energy. Reduction of energy losses, reconfiguration of the protection system and reduction of costs, and optimizing the configuration of these systems is recommended. Despite new research in literature, there is still a lack of optimization models that address the Brazilian reality. Therefore, the objective of this work is to introduce a decision-making framework for the design and operation of residential DES that takes into account the particularities of Brazil, based on mixed-integer programming models. The applicability of the framework is tested on a case study of a residential DES of 5 houses, located in Salvador, and used to compare scenarios pre- and post-COVID-19. The results show significant reduction in total annual cost and GHG emissions versus the base case without DES. This indicates that, although the country has a mostly “clean” energy matrix due to the use of hydroelectric plants, DES can enable improvement in residential electricity generation. KW - Distributeed energy systems KW - Microgrid KW - Mixed-integer non-linear programming KW - Net metering Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-443-15274-0.50481-9 SN - 1570-7946 VL - Vol. 52 SP - 3019 EP - 3024 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fellah, Mamoun A1 - Hezil, Naouel A1 - Bouras, Dikra A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Samad, Mohammed Abdul A1 - Montagne, Alex A1 - Abd-Elmonem, Assmaa A1 - Din, Sayed M El A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Structural, mechanical and tribological performance of a nano structured biomaterial Co–Cr–Mo alloy synthesized via mechanical alloying T2 - Journal of Materials Research and Technology N2 - The influence of milling time on the tribological behavior of a Co–Cr–Mo alloy designed for biomedical applications, synthesized via mechanical alloying is investigated. Elemental Co, Cr and Mo powders are milled using different milling times (2, 6, 12 and 18 h) in a high-energy ball mill. The resulting powders were subjected to cold uniaxial and hot isostatic pressing respectively, followed by sintering to obtain cylindrical samples, which were evaluated for their structural, mechanical and the wear behavior. Results showed that the grain and crystallite sizes of the powders decreased with increasing milling time, reaching low values of <10 μm and 32 μm respectively, at higher milling times. Furthermore, the wear rates and the coefficients of friction were lower, at higher milling times due to high densities (96%), and higher elasto-plastic resistance, as presented by the H/E and H3/E2 values of 0.026 and 0.0021 GPa, respectively. Increased milling time enables the refinement of grains and reduction in porosity in the Co–Cr–Mo alloy, which in turn increases the alloy's elasto-plastic resistance and enhances its wear resistance. KW - Tribology KW - Wear resistance KW - Friction KW - Powder metallurgy KW - Co–Cr–Mo alloy Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785423012796 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2023.06.031 SN - 2214-0697 VL - 25 SP - 2152 EP - 2165 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Blokker, Johanna T1 - (Re)konstruierte Identität. Zum Wiederaufbau der Romanischen Kirchen in Köln T2 - Geschichte in Köln Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.7788/gik.2011.58.1.211 SN - 0720-3659 VL - 58 IS - 1 SP - 211 EP - 228 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Yangwen A1 - Wernicke, Laurenz A1 - Wulff, Wulf A1 - Bleicher, Achim A1 - Schauer, Thomas T1 - Design and validation of a dual-functional damper based on a stepper motor for energy harvesting and vibration control T2 - Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing N2 - Dampers are widely used to reduce undesired vibrations. In recent decades, they have been developed from the energy dissipation strategy to the energy harvesting strategy. Dual-functional dampers, which convert part of vibration energy into electrical energy, are intensively studied. DC motors are the most applied electromagnetic transducers in these studies. In this paper, two-phase stepper motors are applied as adjustable electrical dampers and energy harvesters. Dual-functional dampers using stepper motors inherently have higher damping density than those using DC motors, as stepper motors have more pole pairs than DC motors. The nonlinear theoretical electrical damping coefficient of two-phase stepper motors is derived and compared with that of DC motors. A dual two-stage Energy Harvesting Circuit (EHC) is proposed to realize the function of adjustable electrical damping through resistance emulation and the function of harvesting energy. A test bench is built to experimentally verify the adjustable electrical damping and energy harvesting performance of a selected two-phase hybrid stepper motor with the proposed dual two-stage energy harvesting circuit. The numerical solution from the identified model shows a high agreement with the experimental results. The energy harvesting efficiency in the electrical domain has reached about 85%. This tested dual-functional damper using a stepper motor has been successfully integrated into a full-scale demonstrator of the distributed-Multiple Tuned Facade Damping (d-MTFD) system. Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0888327023004764 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2023.110568 SN - 0888-3270 SN - 1096-1216 VL - 200 IS - 110568 SP - 1 EP - 19 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Frimpong, Bernard Fosu A1 - Koranteng, Addo A1 - Opoku, Fosu Senior T1 - Analysis of urban expansion and its impact on temperature utilising remote sensing and GIS techniques in the Accra Metropolis in Ghana (1986 - 2022) T2 - SN Applied Sciences N2 - The Accra Metropolis of Ghana has experienced rapid urban expansion over the past decades. Agricultural and forestlands have been transformed into urban/built-up areas. This study analysed urban expansion and its relationship with the temperature of Accra from 1986 to 2022. Multi-source datasets such as Remote Sensing (RS) and other ancillary data were utilised. Land Use Land Cover (LULC) maps were produced employing the Random Forests classifier. Land Surface Temperature (LST) and selected Remote Sensing (RS) Indices were extracted. Regression techniques assessed the interplay between LST and remote sensing indices. The LULC maps revealed increasing trends in the urban/built-up areas at the expense of the other LULC types. The analysis from the LST and the RS indices revealed a direct relationship between temperature and urban/built-up areas and an inverse relationship between temperature and vegetation. Thus, spatial urban expansion has modified the urban temperature of Accra. The integrated utilisation of RS and GIS demonstrated to be an efficient approach for analysing and monitoring urban expansion and its relationship with temperature. KW - Urban expansion KW - Change detection KW - Land use land cover KW - Regression KW - Remote sensing KW - Temperature Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-023-05439-z SN - 2523-3971 VL - 5 IS - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hagen, Christian A1 - Klinkenberg, Franz-Josef A1 - Ossenbrink, Ralf A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Resistance spot welding of dissimilar material joints with a cold-gas-sprayed inlayer T2 - The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology N2 - In this publication, cold gas spraying (CGS) is investigated as an enabler for aluminum-steel joints. Using a powder-based coating process to adhere a steel layer to an aluminum substrate allows a steel component to be welded to the deposited layer by resistance spot welding. This method permits the metallurgical connection between similar materials to be separated, while mechanical bonding ensures the connection at the dissimilar aluminum-to-inlayer interface. A modification of the porous CGS layer, as well as the creation of the remelted zone in the aluminum, can be observed during the resistance spot welding process. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analyses show that the severely prestressed particles in the CGS coating recrystallize, which coincides with a decrease in defect density and hardness in the heat-affected zone. Microscopy of the aluminum substrate shows the creation of metallurgical pores as well as the expansion of pores attributed to the casting process. The rise in remelted aluminum hardness and decrease in the heat-affected zone of the CGS layer indicate the formation of a metallurgical notch. KW - resistance spot weld KW - rsw KW - cold gas spray KW - cgs KW - inlayer KW - dissimilar joint KW - aluminium-steel weld Y1 - 2023 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00170-023-11897-x U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-023-11897-x SN - 1433-3015 SN - 0268-3768 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hirschl, Bernd A1 - Aretz, Astrid A1 - Kegel, Jan A1 - Zozmann, Elmar T1 - Ein regionales Marktdesign für eine zuverlässige Stromversorgung T2 - Ökologisches Wirtschaften - Fachzeitschrift N2 - Der Strommarkt muss zukünftig große Mengen an erneuerbaren Energien regeln. Dafür ist das jetzige Marktdesign nicht ausgelegt und sollte daher dringend reformiert werden muss. Dabei sollte aus Sicht der Autor/innen die Stärkung regionaler Impulse unbedingt berücksichtigt werden. KW - Energiewende, Strommarkt Y1 - 2023 UR - https://oekologisches-wirtschaften.de/index.php/oew/article/view/1938 U6 - https://doi.org/10.14512/OEW380215 SN - 1430-8800 VL - 38 IS - 2 SP - 15 EP - 17 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hizhnyakov, Vladimir A1 - Seibold, Götz T1 - Nanoscale phase separation in cuprate superconductors T2 - Physica C: Superconductivity and its Applications N2 - Electronic inhomogeneities are nowadays a well established feature of high-temperature superconductors, most prominently exemplified by the observation of charge-ordered states in a large number of cuprate materials. In this contribution we review the particular contribution of the Stuttgart-Tartu-Cottbus group to this field, which has been largely stimulated by intense discussion with K. Alex Müller. The original scenario, which was based on the formation of a percolative electronic network, is substantiated by a microscopic analysis of the clustering of magnetic polarons within the one-band Hubbard model. KW - Cuprates KW - Superconductors KW - Phase separation KW - Electronic inhomogeneities Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921453423001004 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physc.2023.1354309 SN - 1873-2143 VL - 612 SP - 1 EP - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wachs, Sebastian A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Wettstein, Alexander A1 - Espelage, Dorothy L. T1 - Validation of the multidimensional bystander responses to racist hate speech scale and its association with empathy and moral disengagement among adolescents T2 - Aggressive Behavior N2 - Our understanding of how bystanders respond to hate speech is limited. This may be due, in part, to the lack of available measurement tools. However, understanding adolescents’ responses to hate speech is critical because this kind of research can support schools in empowering students to exhibit courageous moral behavior. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the newly developed Multidimensional Bystander Responses to Hate Speech Scale (MBRHS) and to explore demographic differences and correlates of bystander behavior in school hate speech. The sample consisted of 3225 seventh to ninth graders from Germany and Switzerland. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses supported a model with seven factors. We found that adolescents with immigrant background and boys showed particularly unfavorable response patterns. In addition, our study suggests that empathy is positively correlated with the factors comforting the victim, seeking help at school, and countering hate speech but negatively correlated with helplessness, revenge, reinforcing, and ignoring. Moral disengagement showed the opposite correlational pattern. The findings indicate that the MBRHS is a psychometrically valid and reliable measure that could aid in measuring varied responses to hate speech. In addition, this work highlights the relevance of empathy and moral engagement training in anti‐hate speech prevention programs. KW - adolescents KW - civic education KW - counter speech KW - empathy KW - hate speech KW - measurement invariance KW - discrimination Y1 - 2023 UR - https://phrepo.phbern.ch/7123/ SN - 1098-2337 VL - 50 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tarifa, Pilar A1 - Gonzalez-Castano, Miriam A1 - Cazana, Fernando A1 - Monzon, Antonio A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Hydrophobic RWGS catalysts: valorization of CO2-rich streams in presence of CO/H2O T2 - Catalysis Today N2 - Nowadays, the majority of the Reverse Water Gas Shift (RWGS) studies assume somehow model feedstock (diluted CO2/H2) for syngas production. Nonetheless, biogas streams contain certain amounts of CO/H2O which will decrease the obtained CO2 conversion values by promoting the forward WGS reaction. Since the rate limiting step for the WGS reaction concerns the water splitting, this work proposes the use of hydrophobic RWGS catalysts as an effective strategy for the valorization of CO2-rich feedstock in presence of H2O and CO. Over Fe-Mg catalysts, the different hydrophilicities attained over pristine, N- and B-doped carbonaceous supports accounted for the impact on the activity of the catalyst in presence of CO/H2O. Overall, the higher CO productivity (4.12 μmol/(min·m2)) attained by Fe-Mg/CDC in presence of 20% of H2O relates to hindered water adsorption and unveil the use of hydrophobic surfaces as a suitable approach for avoiding costly pre-conditioning units for the valorization of CO2-rich streams based on RWGS processes in presence of CO/H2O. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2023.114276 SN - 1873-4308 VL - Vol. 423 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gonzalez-Arias, Judith A1 - Torres-Sempere, Guillermo A1 - Gonzalez-Castano, Miriam A1 - Baena-Moreno, Francisco Manuel A1 - Ramirez Reina, Tomas T1 - Hydrochar and synthetic natural gas co-production for a full circular economy implementation via hydrothermal carbonization and methanation: An economic approach T2 - Journal of Environmental Sciences N2 - Herein we study the economic performance of hydrochar and synthetic natural gas co-production from olive tree pruning. The process entails a combination of hydrothermal carbonization and methanation. In a previous work, we evidenced that standalone hydrochar production via HTC results unprofitable. Hence, we propose a step forward on the process design by implementing a methanation, adding value to the gas effluent in an attempt to boost the overall process techno-economic aspects. Three different plant capacities were analyzed (312.5, 625 and 1250 kg/hr). The baseline scenarios showed that, under the current circumstances, our circular economy strategy in unprofitable. An analysis of the revenues shows that hydrochar selling price have a high impact on NPV and subsidies for renewable coal production could help to boost the profitability of the process. On the contrary, the analysis for natural gas prices reveals that prices 8 times higher than the current ones in Spain must be achieved to reach profitability. This seems unlikely even under the presence of a strong subsidy scheme. The costs analysis suggests that a remarkable electricity cost reduction or electricity consumption of the HTC stage could be a potential strategy to reach profitability scenarios. Furthermore, significant reduction of green hydrogen production costs is deemed instrumental to improve the economic performance of the process. These results show the formidable techno-economic challenge that our society faces in the path towards circular economy societies. Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1001074223001766 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2023.04.019 SN - 1878-7320 VL - Vol. 140(2024) SP - 69 EP - 78 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Castellanos, Melisa A1 - Wettstein, Alexander A1 - Wachs, Sebastian A1 - Bilz, Ludwig T1 - Direct and indirect effects of social dominance orientation on hate speech perpetration via empathy and moral disengagement among adolescents: A multilevel mediation model T2 - Aggressive Behavior N2 - Although it is known that social dominance orientation directly affects hate speech perpetration, few studies have explored the mechanisms by which this effect takes place during adolescence. Based on the socio-cognitive theory of moral agency, we aimed to fill this gap in the literature by exploring the direct and indirect effects of social dominance orientation on hate speech perpetration in offline and online settings. The sample included seventh, eigth, and ninth graders (N = 3225) (51.2% girls, 37.2% with an immigrant background) from 36 Swiss and German schools who completed a survey about hate speech, social dominance orientation, empathy, and moral disengagement. A multilevel mediation path model revealed that social dominance orientation had a direct effect on offline and online hate speech perpetration. Moreover, social dominance also had indirect effects via low levels of empathy and high levels of moral disengagement. No gender differences were observed. Our findings are discussed regarding the potential contribution to preventing hate speech during adolescence. KW - adolescents KW - cyberhate KW - empathy KW - hate speech KW - moral disengagement KW - social dominance orientation Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.22100 SN - 1098-2337 VL - 50(2024) IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tluste, Claudia A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - The Roman snail (Gastropoda: Helicidae) is not a generalist herbivore, but shows food preferences for Urtica dioica and plant litter T2 - Journal of Natural History Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2023.2203335 SN - 1464-5262 VL - 57 IS - 13-16 SP - 758 EP - 770 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gül Ünlü, Ayse A1 - Obrycki, John J. A1 - Menzel, Florian A1 - Bucher, Roman T1 - The role of chemical cue similarity in interactions between ants and native versus non-native lady beetles in North America T2 - Animal Behaviour Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2023.06.005 SN - 0003-3472 SN - 1095-8282 VL - 203 SP - 21 EP - 28 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ulrich, Werner A1 - Batáry, Péter A1 - Baudry, Julia A1 - Beaumelle, Léa A1 - Bucher, Roman A1 - Čerevková, Andrea A1 - Garcia de la Riva, Enrique A1 - Felipe-Lucia, Maria R. A1 - Gallé, Robert A1 - Kesse-Guyot, Emmanuelle A1 - Rembiałkowska, Ewa A1 - Rusch, Adrien A1 - Stanley, Dara A. A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - From biodiversity to health: Quantifying the impact of diverse ecosystems on human well-being T2 - People and Nature Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pan3.10421 SN - 2575-8314 VL - 5 IS - 1 SP - 69 EP - 83 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gerling, Charlotte A1 - Schöttker, Oliver A1 - Hearne, John T1 - The multi-period reserve design problem under climate change T2 - Sustainability Analytics and Modeling Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.samod.2023.100025 SN - 2667-2596 VL - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stammen, Lisa A1 - Dornisch, Wolfgang T1 - On the use of mixed basis function degrees within a convective isogeometric element formulation T2 - Proceedings in applied mathematics and mechanics : PAMM N2 - Solving linear elasticity problems using standard finite element methods, different locking phenomena can occur. In order to counteract these effects, mixed methods or formulations using higher approximation orders can be employed, for instance. As a consequence, this leads to an increased computational effort. Hence, a selective elevation of orders in decisive directions within a purely displacement-based element formulation is proposed in this contribution. Within isogeometric analysis (IGA), the geometry is discretized using non-uniform rational B-splines (NURBS), which simultaneously represent the basis functions for the analysis. Due to the fact that the geometry can be preserved exactly during analysis, this can increase the accuracy of results. In this contribution, convective basis systems that are aligned with the local geometry are employed combined with selective order elevation. The required convective basis systems are interpolated from those determined in each control point. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.202200159 SN - 1617-7061 N1 - 92nd Annual Meeting of the International Association of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics (GAMM) VL - 23 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Belyakova-Bodina, Alexandra A1 - Ratanov, Mikhail A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Seliverstov, Yury A1 - Nuzhnyi, Evgenii A1 - Klyushnikov, Sergey A1 - Broutian, Amayak T1 - Uncovering bilateral vestibulopathy in patients with SANDO syndrome caused by mutations in POLG gene: a case series T2 - Journal of Neurology N2 - The triad of sensory ataxic neuropathy, dysarthria, and ophthalmoparesis (SANDO) comprise a distinct phenotype of rare mitochondrial disease. It is caused mainly by mitochondrial DNA depletion and deletions due to mutations in the nuclear genes, with POLG being one of the most common ones [1]. In SANDO syndrome, balance and gait disturbances have traditionally been attributed to sensory ataxic neuropathy and, in some patients, to cerebellar ataxia and/or limb weakness [2, 3]. However, there has been a report of bilateral vestibulopathy (BV) in a patient with SANDO caused by mutations in the POLG gene [4]. We present five patients with SANDO due to POLG gene mutations, whose vestibular and oculomotor function were assessed with video-oculography (VOG) Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-021-10650-2 SN - 1432-1459 SN - 0340-5354 VL - 268 IS - 10 SP - 3909 EP - 3912 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Morrison, Miranda A1 - Kerkeni, Hassen A1 - Korda, Athanasia A1 - Räss, Simone A1 - Caversaccio, Marco Domenico A1 - Abegg, Mathias A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Mantokoudis, Georgios T1 - Automated alternate cover test for 'HINTS' assessment: a validation study T2 - European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck N2 - Objective The alternate cover test (ACT) in patients with acute vestibular syndrome is part of the ‘HINTS’ battery test. Although quantitative, the ACT is highly dependent on the examiner’s experience and could theoretically vary greatly between examiners. In this study, we sought to validate an automated video-oculography (VOG) system based on eye tracking and dedicated glasses. Methods We artificially induced a vertical strabismus to simulate a skew deviation on ten healthy subjects, aged from 26 to 66, using different press-on Fresnel prisms on one eye while recording eye position with VOG of the contralateral eye. We then compared the system’s performance to that of a blinded trained orthoptist using conventional, semi-quantitative method of skew measurement known as the alternate prism cover test (APCT) as a gold standard. Results We found a significant correlation between the reference APCT and the Skew VOG (Pearson’s R2 = 0.606, p < 0.05). There was a good agreement between the two tests (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.852, 95 CI 0.728–0.917, p < 0.001). The overall accuracy of the VOG was estimated at 80.53% with an error rate of 19.46%. There was no significant difference in VOG skew estimations compared with the gold standard except for very small skews. Conclusions VOG offers an objective and quantitative skew measurement and proved to be accurate in measuring vertical eye misalignment compared to the ACT with prisms. Precision was moderate, which mandates a sufficient number of tests per subject. KW - Skew deviation KW - Validation KW - Test of skew KW - Alternate cover test KW - Video-oculography Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-021-06998-w SN - 1434-4726 SP - 2873 EP - 2879 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Korda, Athanasia A1 - Zamaro, Ewa A1 - Wagner, Franca A1 - Morrison, Miranda A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Caversaccio, Marco Domenico A1 - Sauter, Thomas C. A1 - Mantokoudis, Georgios T1 - Acute vestibular syndrome: is skew deviation a central sign? T2 - Journal of Neurology N2 - Objective Skew deviation results from a dysfunction of the graviceptive pathways in patients with an acute vestibular syndrome (AVS) leading to vertical diplopia due to vertical ocular misalignment. It is considered as a central sign, however, the prevalence of skew and the accuracy of its test is not well known . Methods We performed a prospective study from February 2015 until September 2020 of all patients presenting at our emergency department (ED) with signs of AVS. All patients underwent clinical HINTS and video test of skew (vTS) followed by a delayed MRI, which served as a gold standard for vestibular stroke confirmation. Results We assessed 58 healthy subjects, 53 acute unilateral vestibulopathy patients (AUVP) and 24 stroke patients. Skew deviation prevalence was 24% in AUVP and 29% in strokes. For a positive clinical test of skew, the cut-off of vertical misalignment was 3 deg with a very low sensitivity of 15% and specificity of 98.2%. The sensitivity of vTS was 29.2% with a specificity of 75.5%. Conclusions Contrary to prior knowledge, skew deviation proved to be more prevalent in patients with AVS and occurred in every forth patient with AUVP. Large skew deviations (> 3.3 deg), were pointing toward a central lesion. Clinical and video test of skew offered little additional diagnostic value compared to other diagnostic tests such as the head impulse test and nystagmus test. Video test of skew could aid to quantify skew in the ED setting in which neurotological expertise is not always readily available. KW - Acute stroke KW - Acute unilateral vestibulopathy KW - Test of skew KW - VOG KW - Vertigo KW - Video-oculography Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-021-10692-6 SN - 1432-1459 SN - 0340-5354 VL - 269 IS - 3 SP - 1396 EP - 1403 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spiegel, Rainer A1 - Claassen, Jens A1 - Teufel, Julian A1 - Bardins, Stanislav A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Lehrer, Nicole A1 - Jahn, Klaus A1 - Anciaes da Silva, Fábio A1 - Hahn, Ales A1 - Farahmand, Parvis A1 - Brandt, Thomas A1 - Strupp, Michael A1 - Kalla, Roger T1 - Resting in darkness improves downbeat nystagmus: evidence from an observational study T2 - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences N2 - Resting in an upright position during daytime decreases downbeat nystagmus (DBN). When measured in brightness only, that is, without intermitting exposure to darkness, it does not make a significant difference whether patients have previously rested in brightness or in darkness. In real-world scenarios, people are often exposed to brightness and darkness intermittently. The aim of this study was to analyze whether resting in brightness or resting in darkness was associated with a lower post-resting DBN after intermitting exposures to brightness and darkness. Eight patients were recorded with three-dimensional video-oculography in brightness and darkness conditions, each following two 2-h resting intervals under either brightness or darkness resting conditions. The dependent variable was DBN intensity, measured in mean slow phase velocity. A repeated measures ANOVA with the factors measurement condition (brightness vs. darkness), resting condition (brightness vs. darkness), and time (after first vs. second resting interval) showed a significant effect for the factor resting condition, where previous resting in darkness was associated with a significantly lower DBN relative to previous resting in brightness (P < 0.01). The clinical relevance is to advise patients with DBN to rest in darkness. KW - downbeat nystagmus KW - symptom relief KW - resting KW - oscillopsia KW - video-oculographic measurement (VOG) Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.13172 SN - 1749-6632 SN - 0077-8923 VL - 1375 IS - 1 SP - 66 EP - 73 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Froeschke, Samuel A1 - Yasmen, Nadia A1 - Popov, Alexey A1 - Schiemenz, Sandra A1 - Wolf, Daniel A1 - Giebeler, Lars A1 - Hantusch, Martin A1 - Gräßler, Nico A1 - Büchner, Bernd A1 - Schmidt, Peer A1 - Hampel, Silke T1 - Controlled Nanoplatelet Deposition of 2D Chromium Trihalide Solid Solutions T2 - Chemistry of Materials N2 - The two-dimensional (2D) chromium trihalides CrCl3, CrBr3, and CrI3 are most famous for their exotic magnetic properties when their crystals get downscaled to nanometer dimensions. One way to tune the properties of such materials and to further increase their potential utility, e.g., in spintronics, is the formation of solid solutions. Here, we present a detailed theoretical and experimental study on the synthesis and nanoplatelet growth of CrBrxCl3–x and CrBrxI3–x solid solutions. Phase pure powder was obtained by tempering the respective parent compounds at 600 and 550 °C, using additional iodine in the case of CrBrxI3–x. The dominant stacking order changes at x = 1.8 for CrBrxCl3–x while remaining similar to CrI3 for the whole CrBrxI3–x series. A consecutive chemical vapor transport from 575 → 525 °C for 2 h (CrBrxCl3–x) or 600 → 550 °C for 3 h with 0.1 mmol additional iodine (CrBrxI3–x) resulted in the deposition of high-quality nanoplatelets on a substrate with only several nanometers in height. The composition can be controlled by the choice of the starting material, since only small shifts in the anion ratio occur during the transport. The deposited CrBrxCl3–x nanoplatelets can then be easily delaminated by ultrasonication in ethanol to reduce the height even further to few-layer dimensions. These nanoplatelets could potentially be used to investigate the property changes (e.g., in terms of magnetic response) for the downscaling of these solid solutions. We further demonstrate the quality of the deposited material by transmission electron microscopy, selected area electron diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Raman spectroscopy of the solid solution series reveals a complex evolution of vibrational modes. Photoluminescence measurements on solid solution samples show emission peaks in the near-infrared energy range with the specific energy and intensity being composition and temperature dependent. KW - 2D layered compounds KW - Chemical vapor transport KW - Crystal growth KW - Crystal structure KW - Halides KW - Thermodynamic modeling Y1 - 2023 UR - https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acs.chemmater.2c03785 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.2c03785 SN - 1520-5002 SN - 0897-4756 VL - 35 IS - 11 SP - 4136 EP - 4148 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hamede, Mohammed Hussein A1 - Merbold, Sebastian A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Transition to the ultimate turbulent regime in a very wide gap Taylor-Couette flow (η = 0.1) with a stationary outer cylinder T2 - EPL (Europhysics Letters) Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/acdea1 SN - 1286-4854 VL - 143 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Richter, Stefan A1 - Zanoun, El-Sayed A1 - Peixinho, Jorge A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Pipe Flow Development and Transition in CoSmaPipe Facility T2 - Proceedings in applied mathematics and mechanics : PAMM Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.202300001 SN - 1617-7061 N1 - 92nd Annual Meeting of the International Association of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics (GAMM) May 2023 VL - 23 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Barry, Elhadj A1 - Yoshikawa, Harunori A1 - Kang, Changwoo A1 - Meyer, Antoine A1 - Meier, Martin A1 - Crumeyrolle, Olivier A1 - Egbers, Christoph A1 - Mutabazi, Innocent T1 - Thermoelectric convection in a planar capacitor: theoretical studies and experiments in parabolic flights T2 - Comptes Rendus Mécanique Y1 - 2023 UR - https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/mecanique/articles/10.5802/crmeca.143/ SN - 1873-7234 SP - 1 EP - 15 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schneider, Sven A1 - Lambers, Leen T1 - Evaluation diversity for graph conditions T2 - Journal of Logical and Algebraic Methods in Programming N2 - Graphs are used as a universal data structure in various domains. Sets of graphs (and likewise graph morphisms) can be specified using, e.g., the graph logic Image 1 of Graph Conditions (GCs). The evaluation of a graph against such a GC results in a Boolean satisfaction judgement on whether the graph is specified by the GC. The graph logic Image 1 is known to be as expressive as first-order logic on graphs. However, since infinitely many graphs exist, there are also infinitely many evaluations for each given GC. To support GC validation, testing, debugging, and repair, a suitable synthesis procedure generating a complete compact overview of how a given GC may be evaluated for possibly varying graphs is called for. In a previous paper, we generated such an overview for a given GC in the form of a complete finite set of diverse evaluations for varying associated graphs formally given by so called Evaluation Trees (ETs). Each of these ETs concretely describes how its associated graph is evaluated against the given GC by recording the executed evaluation steps. Moreover, these generated ETs and the given GC for which they are generated have the same underlying structure easing comprehensibility of the represented evaluation steps. The returned ETs are complete since each possible ET subsumes one of the returned ETs and diverse by not containing superfluous ETs subsuming smaller ETs. We now extend and refine this approach still solving the ET synthesis problem by (a) extending the graph logic GL allowing for the specification of a minimal number of graph patterns to be contained in specified graphs, (b) provide means to scale the size of the generated ETs up to a user-provided bound allowing for the generation of not just minimal ETs, (c) record the order of evaluations steps also for operators where the evaluation but not the operator itself defines such an order, and (d) generate ETs recording combinations of reasons for (non-)satisfaction of GCs where only single reasons were recorded before. KW - Graph logic KW - Logic coverage KW - Coverage criteria KW - Model generation KW - Validation KW - Debugging Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352220823000160?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jlamp.2023.100862 SN - 2352-2216 SN - 2352-2208 VL - 133 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Benfatto, Lara A1 - Castellani, Claudio A1 - Seibold, Götz T1 - Linear and nonlinear current response in disordered d-wave superconductors T2 - Physical Review B N2 - We present a detailed theoretical investigation of the linear and nonlinear optical response in a model system for a disordered d-wave superconductor. By evaluating the quasiparticle contribution (BCS response) we show that for both quantities the gap symmetry considerably changes the paradigm of the optical response as compared to the conventional s-wave case. For what concerns the linear response our findings agree with previous work showing that in strongly disordered d-wave superconductors a large fraction of uncondensed spectral weight survives below Tc, making the optical absorption around the gap-frequency scale almost unchanged with respect to the normal state. Our numerical results are in excellent quantitative agreement with experiments in overdoped cuprates. In the nonlinear regime we focus on the third-harmonic generation (THG), finding that, as already established for the s-wave case, in general a large THG is triggered by disorder-activated paramagnetic processes. However, in the d-wave case the BCS response is monotonously increasing in frequency, losing any signature of THG enhancement when the THz pump frequency ω matches the gap maximum Δ, a hallmark of previous experiments in conventional s-wave superconductors. Our findings, along with the mild polarization dependence of the response, provide an explanation for recent THG measurements in cuprates, setting the framework for the theoretical understanding of nonlinear effects in unconventional cuprates. KW - Superconducting order parameter KW - Superfluid density KW - High-temperature superconductors KW - Superconductivity KW - Drude model KW - Numerical techniques KW - Reflectivity KW - Terahertz spectroscopy Y1 - 2023 UR - https://journals.aps.org/prb/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevB.108.134508 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.108.134508 SN - 2469-9969 SN - 2469-9950 VL - 108 SP - 134508-1 EP - 134508-15 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Menrath, Stefanie Kiwi T1 - Kreativressource, sozialer Kitt oder (selbst-)kritische Kulturproduktion? : Kulturarbeit zwischen Subjekt und Gesellschaft, politischen Erwartungen und Eigenwert T2 - Sozial Extra N2 - Im Beitrag wird Kulturarbeit als Aufgabenbereich der Sozialen Arbeit mit unterschiedlichen Ansatzpunkten von Subjekt- bis Gesellschaftsbezug vorgestellt. Politisch wurde das Praxisfeld „Kulturelle Bildung“ – zwischen Sozialer Arbeit, Kunst, Kultur und Bildung – seit den 2000er Jahren mit der Kompensation von Bildungs- und Integrationsdefiziten beauftragt. Um sich von diesem kompensatorischen Blick zu lösen, wird im Beitrag ein Rückbezug auf das (selbst-)kritisch-emanzipatorische Theorieprojekt der Cultural und Postcolonial Studies vorgeschlagen, das eine aktivistisch-kritische Auseinandersetzung mit Kultur theoretisch fundiert und ihren Eigenwert betont. KW - Kulturarbeit KW - Kulturelle Bildung KW - Diskriminierungskritik KW - Kulturelle Produktion Y1 - 2022 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12054-022-00532-w U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12054-022-00532-w SN - 1863-8953 SN - 0931-279X VL - 46 SP - 435 EP - 440 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Menrath, Stefanie Kiwi T1 - Klassismuskritische Kulturelle Bildung vor dem Horizont der Cultural Studies: Warum Zugang schaffen keine Lösung, sondern das eigentliche Problem ist T2 - Klassismus und Kulturelle Bildung N2 - Kulturelle Bildungsprojekte wollen häufig Zugänge schaffen. Aus klassismuskritischer Perspektive ist zu fragen: Zugang wozu? Der Beitrag problematisiert den affirmativen Kulturbegriff in Praxis und Theorie Kultureller Bildung. Denn Kultur ist ein Teil des Problems von Klassenungleichheit. Kulturelle Bildung ist gefordert, die enge Verwobenheit der ökonomischen und der kulturellen Dimension von Klassismus zu reflektieren und ihr Kulturverständnis radikal zu erweitern – im Sinne der Cultural Studies hin zu Kultur als einer »umkämpften Praxis«. KW - Cultural Studies KW - Diskriminierungskritische Bildungspraxis KW - Klassismuskritik KW - Kulturtheorie Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.kubi-online.de/index.php/artikel/klassismuskritische-kulturelle-bildung-vor-dem-horizont-cultural-studies-warum-zugang U6 - https://doi.org/10.25529/jbts-nx12 PB - kubi online CY - Germany ER - TY - GEN A1 - Huber, Christoph A1 - Dreber, Anna A1 - Huber, Jürgen A1 - Johannesson, Magnus A1 - Kirchler, Michael A1 - Weitzel, Utz A1 - Abellán, Miguel A1 - Adayeva, Xeniya A1 - Ay, Fehime Ceren A1 - Barron, Kai A1 - Berry, Zachariah A1 - Bönte, Werner A1 - Brütt, Katharina A1 - Bulutay, Muhammed A1 - Campos-Mercade, Pol A1 - Cardella, Eric A1 - Claassen, Maria Almudena A1 - Cornelissen, Gert A1 - Dawson, Ian G. J. A1 - Delnoij, Joyce A1 - Demiral, Elif E. A1 - Dimant, Eugen A1 - Doerflinger, Johannes Theodor A1 - Dold, Malte A1 - Emery, Cécile A1 - Fiala, Lenka A1 - Fiedler, Susann A1 - Freddi, Eleonora A1 - Fries, Tilman A1 - Gasiorowska, Agata A1 - Glogowsky, Ulrich A1 - Gorny, Paul Matthias A1 - Gretton, Jeremy David A1 - Grohmann, Antonia A1 - Hafenbrädl, Sebastian A1 - Handgraaf, Michel A1 - Hanoch, Yaniv A1 - Hart, Einav A1 - Hennig, Max A1 - Hudja, Stanton A1 - Hütter, Mandy A1 - Hyndman, Kyle A1 - Ioannidis, Konstantinos A1 - Isler, Ozan A1 - Jeworrek, Sabrina A1 - Jolles, Daniel A1 - Juanchich, Marie A1 - Raghabendra, Pratap K.C. A1 - Khadjavi, Menusch A1 - Kugler, Tamar A1 - Li, Shuwen A1 - Lucas, Brian A1 - Mak, Vincent A1 - Mechtel, Mario A1 - Merkle, Christoph A1 - Meyers, Ethan Andrew A1 - Mollerstrom, Johanna A1 - Nesterov, Alexander A1 - Neyse, Levent A1 - Nieken, Petra A1 - Nussberger, Anne-Marie A1 - Palumbo, Helena A1 - Peters, Kim A1 - Pirrone, Angelo A1 - Qin, Xiangdong A1 - Rahal, Rima Maria A1 - Rau, Holger A1 - Rincke, Johannes A1 - Ronzani, Piero A1 - Roth, Yefim A1 - Saral, Ali Seyhun A1 - Schmitz, Jan A1 - Schneider, Florian A1 - Schram, Arthur A1 - Schudy, Simeon A1 - Schweitzer, Maurice E. A1 - Schwieren, Christiane A1 - Scopelliti, Irene A1 - Sirota, Miroslav A1 - Sonnemans, Joep A1 - Soraperra, Ivan A1 - Spantig, Lisa A1 - Steimanis, Ivo A1 - Steinmetz, Janina A1 - Suetens, Sigrid A1 - Theodoropoulou, Andriana A1 - Urbig, Diemo A1 - Vorlaufer, Tobias A1 - Waibel, Joschka A1 - Woods, Daniel A1 - Yakobi, Ofir A1 - Yilmaz, Onurcan A1 - Zaleskiewicz, Tomasz A1 - Zeisberger, Stefan A1 - Holzmeister, Felix T1 - Competition and moral behavior: A meta-analysis of forty-five crowd-sourced experimental designs T2 - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences N2 - Does competition affect moral behavior? This fundamental question has been debated among leading scholars for centuries, and more recently, it has been tested in experimental studies yielding a body of rather inconclusive empirical evidence. A potential source of ambivalent empirical results on the same hypothesis is design heterogeneity—variation in true effect sizes across various reasonable experimental research protocols. To provide further evidence on whether competition affects moral behavior and to examine whether the generalizability of a single experimental study is jeopardized by design heterogeneity, we invited independent research teams to contribute experimental designs to a crowd-sourced project. In a large-scale online data collection, 18,123 experimental participants were randomly allocated to 45 randomly selected experimental designs out of 95 submitted designs. We find a small adverse effect of competition on moral behavior in a meta-analysis of the pooled data. The crowd-sourced design of our study allows for a clean identification and estimation of the variation in effect sizes above and beyond what could be expected due to sampling variance. We find substantial design heterogeneity—estimated to be about 1.6 times as large as the average standard error of effect size estimates of the 45 research designs—indicating that the informativeness and generalizability of results based on a single experimental design are limited. Drawing strong conclusions about the underlying hypotheses in the presence of substantive design heterogeneity requires moving toward much larger data collections on various experimental designs testing the same hypothesis. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2215572120 SN - 0027-8424 SN - 1091-6490 VL - 120 IS - 23 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jirasek, Robert A1 - Schauer, Thomas A1 - Su, Di A1 - Nagayama, Tomonori A1 - Bleicher, Achim T1 - Experimental linear parameter-varying model identification of an elastic kinetic roof structure T2 - Engineering Structures N2 - Elastic kinetic structures are a recent approach to design transformable lightweight structures. Their transformation is based on elastic bending, exploiting the compliant material behavior of the structural members. This enables transformable structures with a stable transformation process. However, due to their lightweight and flexible design, elastic kinetic structures are highly sensitive to static and dynamic disturbances. Moreover, such transformable structures exhibit a transformation state dependent dynamic behavior, due to geometric nonlinearities. Nevertheless, most of current research focuses on the principles of elastic kinetic transformation than on effective disturbance mitigation. The latter is usually designed based on low-order control-oriented models. This paper describes a system identification methodology, suitable to identify low-order models for the transformation state dependent dynamics of elastic kinetic structures. The system identification is carried out using a local approach in the linear parameter-varying (LPV) framework. For the identification of local linear time-invariant (LTI) models, the system realization using the information matrix (SRIM) method is applied. The collection of local LTI models is internally balanced using a balancing transformation, in order to represent the locally estimated models with respect to a common state–space basis. Via linear interpolation, an LPV system in grid-based representation is derived. This methodology is experimentally validated with data from an active hybrid roof structure prototype. Y1 - 2023 UR - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0141029623014013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2023.116986 SN - 0141-0296 VL - 297 SP - 1 EP - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Noack Napoles, Juliane T1 - Kinderarbeit und Identitätsentwicklung: Das Programm zur Abschaffung von Kinderarbeit (PETI) in Brasilien und dessen mögliche Einflüsse auf die Identitätsentwicklung T2 - Diskurs Kindheits- und Jugendforschung N2 - Um das Problem der Kinderarbeit in Brasilien zu lösen, hat die brasilianische Regierung das Programm zur Abschaffung der Kinderarbeit (Programa de Erradicação do Trabalho Infantil – PETI) entwickelt und 1996 initiiert. Dieses zahlt Erziehungsberechtigten für jedes Kind monatlich R$25 auf dem Land bzw. R$40 in der Stadt, wenn sie das Kind in der Schule anmelden und sicherstellen, dass es sowohl die Schule, als auch die im Rahmen des PETI geschaffene außerschulische Betreuung besucht und seine bisherige Arbeit aufgibt. Der vorliegende Artikel beschäftigt sich aus einer subjektorientierten Perspektive mit der Frage, was dieses Programm für die Kinder und Jugendlichen bedeutet und welchen Einfluss die Teilnahme am PETI auf die Identitätsentwicklung haben kann. Als theoretische Grundlage dieser Überlegungen dient die Identitätstheorie des Sozialpsychologen Erik H. Erikson (1902-1994). KW - subjektorientierter Forschungsansatz KW - Identität KW - kritisches Lebensereignis KW - Programm zur Abschaffung von Kinderarbeit (PETI) KW - Erik H. Erikson Y1 - 2008 UR - https://www.budrich-journals.de/index.php/diskurs/article/view/150 SN - 2193-9713 SN - 1862-5002 VL - 3 IS - 4 SP - 483 EP - 495 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Noack Napoles, Juliane T1 - Psychosoziale und subjektive Bedeutung von Kinderarbeit: Praxeologische Reflektionen zum Programm zur Abschaffung von Kinderarbeit (PETI) in Brasilien T2 - Zeitschrift für internationale Bildungsforschung und Entwicklungspädagogik N2 - Um das Problem der Kinderarbeit in Brasilien zu lösen, hat die brasilianische Regierung das Programm zur Abschaffung der Kinderarbeit (Programa de Erradicação do Trabalho Infantil – PETI) entwickelt und 1996 initiiert. Dieses zahlt Erziehungsberechtigten für jedes Kind monatlich R$25 auf dem Land bzw. R$40 in der Stadt, wenn sie das Kind in der Schule anmelden und sicherstellen, dass es sowohl die Schule, als auch die im Rahmen des PETI geschaffene außerschulische Betreuung besucht und seine bisherige Arbeit aufgibt. Der vorliegende Artikel beschäftigt sich aus einer subjektorientierten Perspektive mit der Frage, was dieses Programm für die Kinder und Jugendlichen bedeutet und welchen Einfluss die Teilnahme am PETI auf die Identitätsentwicklung haben kann. Als theoretische Grundlage dieser Überlegungen dient die Identitätstheorie des Sozialpsychologen Erik H. Erikson (1902-1994). KW - Identität KW - kritisches Lebensereignis KW - subjektorientierter Forschungsansatz KW - Erik H. Erikson KW - Programm zur Abschaffung von Kinderarbeit (PETI) Y1 - 2008 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:0111-pedocs-104251 SN - 1434-4688 SN - 0175-0488 VL - 31 IS - 4 EP - 25 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Noack Napoles, Juliane T1 - Reflexões sobre o acesso empírico da teoria de identidade de Erik Erikson T1 - Über die empirische Umsetzung der Identitätstheorie von Erik Erikson T2 - Interação em Psicologia N2 - The text presents an attempt towards the appropriation of Erikson’s theory for identity development, important in the fields of education and psychology. In order to make Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development empirically accessible, James E. Marcia developed the “Identity Interview Status” (ISI), that searches within the topics of “profession”, “relationship/family” and “values/ideology” for the variable “commitment” and “exploration” crises with the final output being the “identity status” of the individual. This paper presents a reflection and further development of the ISI. How is the concept of “identity status” theoretically deduced based on Erikon’s theory in the ISI? Regarding methodology, it is questioned if “identity status” is appropriate for the inquiry of identity and if the ISI is an adequate instrument to investigate this. Are the constructions of the researcher based on the constructions of the person interviewed? How is the perspective of the individual interviewed integrated in the research process? The concerns raised by these questions directed us to find an improvement to the ISI, called the “Modified Identity Status Interview” (MISI) and for the development of a process model of the identity crisis. Keywords: identity; Erik H. Erikson; process model of identity crisis; Identity Status Interview Modified (MISI). Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5380/psi.v11i1.6543 SN - 1981-8076 VL - 11 IS - 1 SP - 135 EP - 146 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Tim Sebastian A1 - Grüger, Lennart A1 - Woll, Ralf T1 - Modellierung von Einflüssen auf das Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing T2 - Industrie Management 4.0 N2 - Das Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing, kurz WAAM, ist ein additives Fertigungsverfahren, welches metallische Bauteile auf Grundlage des Lichtbogenschweißens fertigt. Additive Fertigung ist laut DIN EN ISO/ASTM 52900 ein Prozess, welcher Bauteile aus 3D-Modelldaten schichtweise herstellt. Die grundlegenden Komponenten sind ein Schweißgerät, welches die benötigte Energie zum Schmelzen des Metalldrahts in den Prozess einbringt sowie eine Führungsmaschine, welche die vorgegebene Geometrie des Bauteils abfährt. Anwendungsbereiche sind Rapid Prototyping und Tooling, Direct Manufacturing und Additive Repair. Die größten Vorteile stellen die kostengünstige Anlagentechnik und die hohen Abscheidungsraten dar. Nachteilig am Verfahren sind die mangelnde Prozessstabilität und Wiederholgenauigkeit. Der Beitrag soll dazu dienen, den Fertigungsprozess des WAAM-Verfahrens übersichtlich darzustellen, und dabei auf die komplexen Wechselwirkungen eingehen. KW - Prozessvisualisierung KW - Additive Manufacturing KW - Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing KW - Structured Analysis and Design Technique Y1 - 2023 UR - https://library.gito.de/2023/09/fischer-im-23-05/ U6 - https://doi.org/10.30844/IM_23-5_53-57 SN - 2364-9208 IS - 5 SP - 53 EP - 57 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Noack Napoles, Juliane T1 - A idéia de identidade sob uma perspectiva semiótica T1 - Die Idee der Identität aus semiotischer Perspektive T2 - Galáxia : Revista do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Comunicação e Semiótica N2 - O tema do artigo é o conceito de identidade. O ponto de partida é a observação de que as idéias de unidade, coerência e continuidade, enquanto constituintes do conceito de identidade, parecem perder o seu poder explicativo atualmente, na assim chamada pós-modernidade. O ideal de um EU uno e total levou a muitos debates e fez perguntar sobre se se deveria abdicar do conceito de identidade. O presente artigo pretende contribuir com esse debate, apresentando algumas reflexões sobre a idéia de identidade desde a perspectiva da Semiótica. Palavras-chave: identidade; semiótica; semiose; identidade como signo Abstract The notion of identity from the standpoint of semiotics - The subject of this article is the concept of identity. The starting point is the observation that the ideas of unity, coherence and continuity, which constitute the concept of identity, appear to be losing their explanatory power in so-called postmodernity. The ideal of a unique and complete "I" has led to heated debate about whether the concept of identity should be abandoned. This article aims to contribute to this debate, offering reflections about the concept of identity from the perspective of Semiotics and about how this perspective can enrich both the concept of identity and identity as such. Keywords: identity; semiotic; semiosis; identity as a sign Y1 - 2006 UR - https://revistas.pucsp.br/index.php/galaxia/article/view/1455 SN - 1982-2553 IS - 12 SP - 103 EP - 113 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Masham, Elliot A1 - Keykha, Mina A1 - Mechleri, Evgenia A1 - Cole, Rosanna A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Assessment of centralised and localised ice cream supply chains using neighbourhood flow configuration models T2 - Supply Chain Analytics N2 - Traditional food supply chains are often centralised and global in nature, entailing substantial resource consumption. However, in the face of growing demand for sustainability, this strategy faces significant challenges. Adoption of localised supply chains is deemed a more sustainable option, yet its efficacy requires verification. Supply chain analytics methodologies provide invaluable tools to guide decisions regarding inventory management, demand forecasting and distribution optimisation. These solutions not only enhance facilitate operational efficiency, but also pave the way for cost reduction, further aligning with sustainability objectives. This research introduces a novel decision-making approach anchored in mixed integer linear programming (MILP) and neighbourhood flow models defined in cellular automata to compare the environmental benefits and vulnerability to disruption of these two chain configurations. Additionally, a comprehensive cost analysis is integrated to assess the economic feasibility of incorporating layout changes that enhance supply chain sustainability. The proposed framework is applied on an ice cream supply chain across England over a one-year timeframe. The findings indicate the superiority of the localised configuration in terms of economic benefits, leading to savings exceeding £ 1 million, alongside important reductions in environmental impact. However, in terms of resilience, the traditional configuration remains superior in three out of the four examined scenarios. KW - supply chain management KW - flow configuration model KW - ice cream KW - Mixed-integer linear programming Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949863523000420 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sca.2023.100043 VL - Vol. 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zuo, Weiwei A1 - Malekshahi Byranvand, Mahdi A1 - Kodalle, Tim A1 - Zohdi, Mohammadreza A1 - Lim, Jaekeun A1 - Carlsen, Brian A1 - Friedlmeier, Theresa Magorian A1 - Kot, Małgorzata A1 - Das, Chittaranjan A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo A1 - Zong, Wansheng A1 - Abate, Antonio A1 - Sutter‐Fella, Carolin M. A1 - Li, Meng A1 - Saliba, Michael T1 - Coordination Chemistry as a Universal Strategy for a Controlled Perovskite Crystallization T2 - Advanced Materials N2 - The most efficient and stable perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are made from a complex mixture of precursors. Typically, to then form a thin film, an extreme oversaturation of the perovskite precursor is initiated to trigger nucleation sites, e.g., by vacuum, an airstream, or a so-called antisolvent. Unfortunately, most oversaturation triggers do not expel the lingering (and highly coordinating) dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), which is used as a precursor solvent, from the thin films; this detrimentally affects long-term stability. In this work, (the green) dimethyl sulfide (DMS) is introduced as a novel nucleation trigger for perovskite films combining, uniquely, high coordination and high vapor pressure. This gives DMS a universal scope: DMS replaces other solvents by coordinating more strongly and removes itself once the film formation is finished. To demonstrate this novel coordination chemistry approach, MAPbI3 PSCs are processed, typically dissolved in hard-to-remove (and green) DMSO achieving 21.6% efficiency, among the highest reported efficiencies for this system. To confirm the universality of the strategy, DMS is tested for FAPbI3 as another composition, which shows higher efficiency of 23.5% compared to 20.9% for a device fabricated with chlorobenzene. This work provides a universal strategy to control perovskite crystallization using coordination chemistry, heralding the revival of perovskite compositions with pure DMSO. KW - Perovskite solar cells KW - nucleation KW - dimethyl sulfide ()DMS) solvent KW - coordination chemistry Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202302889 SN - 0935-9648 SN - 1521-4095 VL - 35 IS - 39 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Noack Napoles, Juliane A1 - Zirfas, Jörg T1 - Zur Anthropologie Ästhetischer Bildung. Ein historisch-systematischer Vorschlag T2 - Vierteljahrsschrift für wissenschaftliche Pädagogik Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.30965/25890581-09404002 VL - 94 IS - 4 SP - 505 EP - 520 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lanz, Helza Ricarte A1 - Noack Napoles, Juliane T1 - O filme ‘A bela do palco’ (Stage Beauty) – uma abordagem revisionista T2 - Mediapolis : revista de communicação, jornalismo e espaço público N2 - Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir as questões de identidade e papéis de gênero observadas no filme A Bela do Palco (Sta-ge Beauty, 2004) a partir da perspectiva teórica queer. Propomos essa discussão focalizando nas experiências dos perso-nagens principais do filme, Ned Kynaston, ator especializado em interpretar papéis femininos, e Maria, sua camareira e as-pirante à atriz, considerando a relação desses dois personagens com a alteração na lei relativa à interpretação de papéis femininos no teatro inglês do século xvii. Para tanto, na primeira parte do artigo, apresentamos conceitos básicos de uma perspectiva teórica queer, para então aplicá-los a algumas cenas do filme e a uma discussão mais ampla da problemá-tica presente em A Bela do Palco. Palavras-chave: identidade de gênero; papéis de gênero; heteronormatividade; binaridade dos gêneros; teoria queer. Abstract This paper aims to discuss gender identity and gender roles issues encountered in the movie Stage Beauty (2004) from a queer theoretical framework. This discussion is carried out by focusing on the experiences of the two main characters in the movie: Ned Kynaston, an actor who is specialized in playing women parts, and Maria, his dresser, who intends to become an actress. We consider the relationship between these two characters with the changes in the law related to women roles in the Brit-ish theater in the xvii century to discuss gender identity and gender roles issues. In order to do that, we present some concepts based on a queer perspective in the first part of the article and then use them to analyze some specific scenes taken from the movie and to present a wider problematic found in Stage Beauty. Y1 - 2018 SN - 2183-5918 SN - 2183-6019 IS - 7 SP - 79 EP - 91 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ricarte Lanz, Helza A1 - Noack Napoles, Juliane T1 - As perspectivas teóricas queer e o uso cotidiano da língua portuguesa T1 - Queertheoretische Perspektiven auf den alltäglichen Gebrauch der portugiesischen Sprache T2 - Cadernos de Estudos Sociais e Políticos N2 - This article reflects on the theoretical contributions of the queer perspective and the usage of the Portuguese language. This paper is divided in three parts. Initially, the queer perspective and some of its basic concepts will be presented, concerning the Portuguese language and its usage. The second part, based on three examples of language usage, will discuss some meanings of its social practice. The third part focuses on the consequences of the queer perspective. As a conclusion, this paper indicates the queer theory´s contributions, its revisionist impulses and the risk of a theoretical dead-end . Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.12957/cesp.2017.33937 SN - 2238-3425 VL - 7 IS - 12 SP - 31 EP - 46 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Noack Napoles, Juliane T1 - Der Einfluss des Alters auf Altersbilder am Beispiel der Arbeiten Erik H. Eriksons T2 - Journal für Psychologie N2 - Der vorliegende Artikel thematisiert die Fragestellungen, wie Altersbilder entstehen und welche individuellen und gesellschaftlichen Bedingungen ihnen zugrunde liegen. Dafür wird die Theorie der psychosozialen Entwicklung von Erik H. Erikson (1902-1994) einerseits unter dem Aspekt analysiert, wie Alter konzeptionalisiert wird und andererseits, wie sich diese Konzeptionalisierung mit zunehmendem Alter Eriksons verändert hat. Als Ergebnis lassen sich vier Phasen der Auseinandersetzung mit dem Alter in Eriksons Werk ausmachen, die sich jeweils dem Alterslob, der Altersschelte, dem Alterstrost und der Altersklage zuordnen lassen. Abschließend wird Joan M. Eriksons Konzept der Gerotranscendance vorgestellt, das als (tröstende) Lösung und Loslösung von altersbedingten Konflikten gesehen werden kann. KW - Lebenszyklus KW - Neunte Phase KW - Altersbilder KW - Gerotranscendance KW - Entwicklungsphasen Y1 - 2015 UR - https://www.journal-fuer-psychologie.de/index.php/jfp/article/view/331/395 SN - 2198-6959 SN - 0942-2285 N1 - Themenheft: Die Bedeutung von Altersbildern und Haltungen im Umgang mit dem Altsein VL - 23 IS - 1 SP - 81 EP - 103 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lanz, Helza Ricarte A1 - Noack Napoles, Juliane T1 - Childrens’ identities constructions and the ‘Mehrraum’ T2 - Language and Dialogue N2 - The aim of this paper is to achieve a better understanding of the impact of bilingualism on children, considering the dimensions of languages, language use and identity. Since 2009, we have been observing German-Brazilian children in an institutional out-of-home-setting in Bonn, Germany, as a case study. Our main question is: “which role does bilingualism play in constructing children’s identities?” The research techniques are participant observation and informal interviews with families. The results show the need of an updated concept that enables us to understand interactions between languages, cultures and societies. This paper represents a work in progress and is submitted as a contribution to the wider ongoing project of developing the concept of “ Mehrraum ” as an added value space. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1075/ld.5.2.03lan SN - 2210-4119 SN - 2210-4127 VL - 5 IS - 2 SP - 247 EP - 263 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Enoguanbhor, Eveline Aggrey A1 - Enoguanbhor, Evidence Chinedu A1 - Edo, Iwebuke A1 - Albrecht, Eike T1 - Survey-based Analysis for Proximate Anthropogenic Driving Factors of Forest Landscape Degradation: The Case of Kilimanjaro World Heritage Site, Tanzania T2 - East African Journal of Forestry and Agroforestry KW - Institutional Instruments KW - WHC KW - Strategic Policies KW - Forest Degradation Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.37284/eajfa.6.1.1459 SN - 2707-4323 SN - 2707-4315 VL - 6 IS - 1 SP - 262 EP - 271 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rietig, Anja A1 - Acker, Jörg T1 - Kinetic studies on acidic wet chemical etching of silicon in binary and ternary mixtures of HF, HNO3 and H2SiF6 T2 - Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/d3cp03188h SN - 1463-9084 SN - 1463-9076 VL - 25 IS - 38 SP - 26245 EP - 26257 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reuter, Marvin A1 - Pischke, Claudia R. A1 - Rigo, Mariann A1 - Diehl, Katharina A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Richter, Matthias A1 - Hövener, Claudia A1 - Dragano, Nico T1 - Health inequalities among young workers: the mediating role of working conditions and company characteristics T2 - International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health N2 - Objective Few studies have investigated health inequalities among young workers. The objectives of this study are to assess the extent of health inequalities in a sample of job starters and to explore the contribution of job demands and organisational factors. Methods We analyze data from the BIBB/BAuA Youth Employment Survey 2012. The cross-sectional survey includes a representative sample of 3214 German employees, apprentices, and trainees aged 15–24 years. Individuals were grouped by their years of schooling into low (< 12 years) and high levels of education (≥ 12 years). Regression analysis estimated the link between education and four health outcomes: self-rated health, number of health events, musculoskeletal symptoms, and mental health problems over the last 12 months. Counterfactual mediation analysis tested for indirect effects of education via working conditions (i.e., physical and psychosocial job demands) and company characteristics (i.e., company size, health prevention measures, financial situation, downsizing). All analyses were adjusted for age, sex, nationality, region, working hours, job tenure, employment relationship, and economic sector. Results Highly educated workers reported better self-rated health (b = 0.24, 95% CI 0.18–0.31) and lower numbers of health events (Rate Ratio (RR) = 0.74, 95% CI 0.67–0.82), musculoskeletal symptoms (RR = 0.73, 95% CI 0.66–0.80) and mental health problems (RR = 0.84, 95% CI 0.76–0.93). Total job demands explained between 21.6% and 87.2% of the educational differences (depending on health outcome). Unfavourable company characteristics were associated with worse health, but showed no or only small mediation effects. Conclusions Health inequalities are already present at the early working career due to socio-economically stratified working hazards. To enhance prevention measures that aim at reducing inequalities in workplace health, we propose shifting attention towards earlier stages of life. KW - Company leve Young workers KW - Health inequalities KW - Job demands KW - Mediation KW - Socio-economic position KW - Young workers Y1 - 2023 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00420-023-02010-6 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-023-02010-6 SN - 1432-1246 VL - 96 IS - 10 SP - 1313 EP - 1324 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Maaten-Theunissen, Marieke van der A1 - Maaten, Ernst van der A1 - Räbiger, Christin A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Soil properties and tree growth at medieval ridge and furrow sites in Brandenburg, northeastern Germany T2 - Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science N2 - Background Ridge and furrow (RIFU) systems and associated soils are a widespread legacy of medieval agriculture, are archives of historical land use, and might affect recent ecosystems. Open questions about RIFU formation and potential legacy effects still exist, especially related to physical soil properties. Aims Our aims were (1) to characterize the soil properties of RIFU soils and (2) to compare the drought sensitivity and the growth resistance in extremely dry years of trees growing on ridges and furrows, respectively. Methods We studied soil physical (bulk density, saturated soil hydraulic conductivity, and texture) and chemical (soil pH, soil organic matter, and nitrogen content) properties and the climate sensitivity of tree growth on RIFU systems for three study sites in Prignitz, Germany. Results RIFU systems showed a high spatial heterogeneity of soil stratigraphy due to ridge construction and increased accumulation of soil moisture and organic matter in furrows due to post-abandonment pedogenesis. Slight spatial differences in soil physical properties were found, with increased air capacity in ridge soils and higher available water contents in furrow soils. No differences in drought sensitivity were observed for trees growing on ridges and furrows, except for a wet site, where trees in furrows showed a higher sensitivity. Resistance in dry years tended to be similar or increase from furrows to ridges. Conclusions The results reflect a spatial differentiation of stratigraphy and post-abandonment pedogenesis on abandoned RIFU systems and suggest an adaption to different moisture conditions through RIFU construction. Differences in drought sensitivity of tree growth with relative land surface could only be detected for one of the three sites, where trees were found to be less drought sensitive on ridges. KW - anthropogenically modified soils KW - climate sensitivity KW - dendroecology KW - historic agriculture KW - land‐use legacies Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.202200345 SN - 1436-8730 SN - 1522-2624 VL - 186 IS - 4 SP - 417 EP - 427 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Li, Zheng A1 - Xu, Siying A1 - Geißler, Karsten A1 - Wang, Jian A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut T1 - Developed numerical Analysis of Residual Stress caused by Welding and Cutting in Steel Structures T2 - ce/papers N2 - The welding and flame‐cutting process in the steel construction are commonly used, especially for the bridge structure. Some experiments about welding and cutting have been done separately by some researchers. The results from the experiments were also compared with the results from the numerical simulation under 3D or 2D models. The agreements between those results are as good as they predicted. Therefore, the numerical simulation is a better way to analyze the quality of the steel construction after welding and cutting without time‐consuming and a large amount of cost. But there are only a few research about the numerical simulation and the some of them are aimed to verify the experiments. In this study, the calculation about the residual stresses after welding and thermo‐cutting are considered from 3D‐model into 2D‐Model. The heat source model is simply regarded as curves of time and welding energy with the algorithm methods. And no matter the change of the parameters of the model and the heat source, the heat transfer and the residual stresses can be calculated with the 2D models as fast as possible. By the means of the finite element software Abaqus, the I‐profiles are easy to receive the job results with the input parameters. The influence of the welding and cutting process are visual and direct. KW - Welding KW - Flame cutting KW - Numerical simulation KW - Residual stress KW - Steel structures Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cepa.2601 SN - 2509-7075 VL - 6 IS - 3-4 SP - 1507 EP - 1512 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Manhique, Henrique A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - Effects of Institutional Setting on Value Estimates of Stated Preference Surveys in Developing Economies: A Discrete Choice Experiment on Conserving Biodiversity in The Cape Floristic Region T2 - MPRA paper Y1 - 2023 UR - https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/118750/ ER - TY - GEN A1 - Da Silva, Samuel Souza A1 - Cardoso, Matheus A1 - Nardo, Lucas A1 - Nepomuceno, Erivelton A1 - Hübner, Michael A1 - Arias-Garcia, Janier T1 - A New Chaos-Based PRNG Hardware Architecture Using The HUB Fixed-Point Format T2 - IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TIM.2023.3235457 SN - 1557-9662 SN - 0018-9456 VL - Vol. 72 SP - 1 EP - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kuebart, Andreas A1 - Stabler, Martin T1 - Waves in time, but not in space – an analysis of pandemic severity of COVID-19 in Germany T2 - Spatial and spatio-temporal epidemiology N2 - While pandemic waves are often studied on the national scale, they typically are not distributed evenly within countries. This study presents a novel approach to analyzing the spatial-temporal dynamics of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany. By using a composite indicator of pandemic severity and subdividing the pandemic into fifteen phases, we were able to identify similar trajectories of pandemic severity among all German counties through hierarchical clustering. Our results show that the hotspots and cold spots of the first four waves were relatively stationary in space. This highlights the importance of examining pandemic waves on a regional scale to gain a more comprehensive understanding of their dynamics. By combining spatial autocorrelation and spatial-temporal clustering of time series, we were able to identify important patterns of regional anomalies, which can help target more effective public health interventions on a regional scale. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sste.2023.100605 SN - 1877-5845 VL - 47 SP - 1 EP - 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schütte, Christof A1 - Klus, Stefan A1 - Hartmann, Carsten T1 - Overcoming the Timescale Barrier in Molecular Dynamics: Transfer Operators, Variational Principles, and Machine Learning T2 - Acta Numerica Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/S0962492923000016 SN - 1474-0508 SN - 0962-4929 VL - Vol. 32 SP - 517 EP - 673 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Saci, Akram A1 - Redjil, Amel A1 - Boutabia, Hacene A1 - Kebiri, Omar T1 - Fractional stochastic differential equations driven by G-Brownian motion with delays T2 - Probability and Mathematical Statistics Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.37190/0208-4147.00092 SN - 0208-4147 VL - 43 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 21 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ben Gherbal, Hanane A1 - Redjil, Amel A1 - Kebiri, Omar T1 - The relaxed maximum principle for G-stochastic control systems with controlled jumps T2 - Advances in Mathematics: Scientific Journal Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.37418/amsj.11.12.11 SN - 1857-8365 VL - 11 IS - 12 SP - 1313 EP - 1343 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gaillard, Yann A1 - Szabo, Peter A1 - Travnikov, Vadim A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Thermo-electrohydrodynamic convection in a rotating shell with central force field T2 - International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2023.124760 SN - 0017-9310 VL - Vol. 2018 SP - 1 EP - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zanoun, El-Sayed A1 - Dewidar, Yasser A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Reynolds number dependence of azimuthal and streamwise pipe flow structures T2 - Journal of Fluid Mechanics Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2023.700 SN - 0022-1120 VL - Vol. 973 SP - 1 EP - 36 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gao, Tianyun A1 - Schmidt, Heiko A1 - Klein, Marten A1 - Liang, Jianhan A1 - Sun, Mingbo A1 - Chen, Chongpei A1 - Guan, Qingdi T1 - One-dimensional turbulence modeling of compressible flows. I. Conservative Eulerian formulation and application to supersonic channel flow T2 - Physics of Fluids N2 - Accurate but economical modeling of supersonic turbulent boundary layers is a standing challenge due to the intricate entanglement of temperature, density, and velocity fluctuations on top of the mean-field variation. Application of the van Driest transformation may describe well the mean state but cannot provide detailed flow information. This lack-in modeling coarse and fine-scale variability is addressed by the present study using a stochastic one-dimensional turbulence (ODT) model. ODT is a simulation methodology that represents the evolution of turbulent flow in a low-dimensional stochastic way. In this study, ODT is extended to fully compressible flows. An Eulerian framework and a conservative form of the governing equations serve as the basis of the compressible ODT model. Computational methods for statistical properties based on ODT realizations are also extended to compressible flows, and a comprehensive way of turbulent kinetic energy budget calculation based on compressible ODT is put forward for the first time. Two canonical direct numerical simulation cases of supersonic isothermal-wall channel flow at Mach numbers 1.5 and 3.0 with bulk Reynolds numbers 3000 and 4880, respectively, are used to validate the extended model. A rigorous numerical validation is presented, including the first-order mean statistics, the second-order root mean square statistics, and higher-order turbulent fluctuation statistics. In ODT results, both mean and root mean square profiles are accurately captured in the near-wall region. Near-wall temperature spectra reveal that temperature fluctuations are amplified at all turbulent scales as the effects of compressibility increase. This phenomenon is caused by intensified viscous heating at a higher Mach number, which is indicated by the steeper profiles of viscous turbulent kinetic energy budget terms in the very near-wall region. The low computational cost and predictive capabilities of ODT suggest that it is a promising approach for detailed modeling of highly turbulent compressible boundary layers. Furthermore, it is found that the ODT model requires a Mach-number-dependent increase in a viscous penalty parameter Z in wall-bounded turbulent flows to enable accurate capture of the buffer layer. KW - supersonic turbulent channel flow KW - stochastic turbulence modeling KW - one-dimensional turbulence KW - compressibility effects KW - turbulent boundary layer Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0125514 SN - 1089-7666 VL - 35 IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gao, Tianyun A1 - Schmidt, Heiko A1 - Klein, Marten A1 - Liang, Jianhan A1 - Sun, Mingbo A1 - Chen, Chongpei A1 - Guan, Qingdi T1 - One-dimensional turbulence modeling of compressible flows: II. Full compressible modification and application to shock–turbulence interaction T2 - Physics of Fluids N2 - One-dimensional turbulence (ODT) is a simulation methodology that represents the essential physics of three-dimensional turbulence through stochastic resolution of the full range of length and time scales on a one-dimensional domain. In the present study, full compressible modifications are incorporated into ODT methodology, based on an Eulerian framework and a conservative form of the governing equations. In the deterministic part of this approach, a shock capturing scheme is introduced for the first time. In the stochastic part, one-dimensional eddy events are modeled and sampled according to standard methods for compressible flow simulation. Time advancement adjustments are made to balance comparable time steps between the deterministic and stochastic parts in compressible flows. Canonical shock–turbulence interaction cases involving Richtmyer–Meshkov instability at Mach numbers 1.24, 1.5, and 1.98 are simulated to validate the extended model. The ODT results are compared with available reference data from large eddy simulations and laboratory experiments. The introduction of a shock capturing scheme significantly improves the performance of the ODT method, and the results for turbulent kinetic energy are qualitatively improved compared with those of a previous compressible Lagrangian ODT method [Jozefik et al., “Simulation of shock–turbulence interaction in non-reactive flow and in turbulent deflagration and detonation regimes using one-dimensional turbulence,” Combust. Flame 164, 53 (2016)]. For the time evolution of profiles of the turbulent mixing zone width, ensemble-averaged density, and specific heat ratio, the new model also yields good to reasonable results. Furthermore, it is found that the viscous penalty parameter Z of the ODT model is insensitive to compressibility effects in turbulent flows without wall effects. A small value of Z is appropriate for turbulent flows with weak wall effects, and the parameter Z serves to suppress extremely small eddy events that would be dissipated instantly by viscosity. KW - shock-turbulence interaction KW - stochastic turbulence modeling KW - one-dimensional turbulence KW - Richtmyer-Meshkov instability Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0137435 SN - 1089-7666 VL - 35 IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Castellanos, Melisa A1 - Wettstein, Alexander A1 - Wachs, Sebastian A1 - Kansok-Dusche, Julia A1 - Ballaschk, Cindy A1 - Krause, Norman A1 - Bilz, Ludwig T1 - Hate speech in adolescents. A binational study on prevalence and demographic differences T2 - Frontiers in Education N2 - Hate speech, or intentional derogatory expressions about people based on assigned group characteristics, has been studied primarily in online contexts. Less is known about the occurrence of this phenomenon in schools. As it has negative consequences for victims, perpetrators, and those who witness it, it is crucial to characterize the occurrence of offline (i.e., in the school) and online hate speech to describe similarities and differences between these two socialization contexts. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of hate speech witnessing, victimization, and perpetration, in a sample of 3,620 7th to 9th graders (51% self-identified as female) from 42 schools in Germany and Switzerland. We found that 67% of the students witnessed hate speech in their school, and 65% witnessed online hate speech at least once in the past twelve months. Approximately 21% of the students self-identified as offline perpetrators and 33% as offline victims, whereas these percentages were lower for online hate speech (13% and 20%, respectively). In both settings, skin color and origin were the most common group references for hate speech (50% offline and 63% online). Offline hate speech mainly came from classmates (88%), unknown sources (e.g., graffiti; 19%), or teachers (12%), whereas online hate speech mostly came from unknown persons (77%). The most frequent forms of offline hate speech were offensive jokes (94%) and the spread of lies and rumors about the members of a specific social group (84%). Significant differences by country, gender, and migration background were observed. Girls reported more offline victimization experiences, less perpetration, and a greater frequency of witnessing hate speech. This difference was larger in magnitude in the online setting. Students in Switzerland reported being exposed to hate speech more often than students in Germany. Students with a migration background reported higher hate speech victimization based on skin color and origin than students without a migration background. The high prevalence of hate speech highlights the need for school-based prevention programs. Our findings are discussed in terms of the practical implications. KW - Hate speech KW - adolescents KW - discrimination KW - victimization KW - Europe KW - immigrants KW - gender differences KW - racism KW - cyberhate speech Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2023.1076249 SN - 2504-284X VL - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Doe, Jonathan Bill T1 - Keta Lagoon: Uncovering Suppressed Heritage Practices for Sustainable Wetland Management T2 - Blue Papers N2 - Current efforts to integrate heritage practices in the sustainable management of wetlands in postcolonial nation-states assume that these practices have always existed in the forms they are now. The colonial order, whether deliberately or otherwise, suppressed many local traditional practices. The postcolonial authority’s adoption of Western science invariably continued the suppression, albeit in a more liberal form. In the Ramsar Convention, natural scientists were assigned the role of conserving wetlands ‘‘for the benefit of humankind in a way compatible with the maintenance of natural properties of the ecosystem.’’ This became known as the wise use principle. This article highlights the history of the Keta wetlands and proposes an integration of key knowledge holders into management plans for a wise use of wetlands in postcolonial states. The colonial and postcolonial regimes made the knowledge holders invisible. Modern imaginaries – Western legal institutions, Western science and Christianity – were privileged over local heritage practices. It therefore requires historical and heritage expertise to uncover local sustainable knowledge for integration into the Ramsar management plan, hence a wise use of wetlands in postcolonial states. KW - Wetland KW - Science and Technology Studies KW - Heritage Studies KW - African Studies KW - Ramser Convention Y1 - 2022 UR - https://bluepapers.nl/index.php/bp/article/view/37 U6 - https://doi.org/10.58981/bluepapers.2022.2.14 VL - 1 IS - 2 SP - 142 EP - 149 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Braud, Nicolas A1 - Buß, Lars A1 - Lundgren, Edvin A1 - Merte, Lindsay R. A1 - Wallander, Harald J. A1 - Krisponeit, Jon-Olaf A1 - Locatelli, Andrea A1 - Mentes, Tevfik Onur A1 - Jugovac, Matteo A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo A1 - Falta, Jens T1 - Cleaning and tailoring the Pt3Sn(111) surface for surface experiments T2 - Surface Science N2 - The cleaning process of the bimetallic Pt3Sn(111) surface has been studied by means of low-energy electron microscopy (LEEM), microspot low-energy electron diffraction (-LEED), and X-ray photoemission electron microscopy (XPEEM). Different cleaning procedures, performed under ultra-high vacuum conditions (UHV), including sputtering with argon ions and repeated cycles of annealing up to 1500 K were investigated. In this work, we show that a clean Pt3Sn(111) surface of high structural quality with a sharp and brilliant (2 × 2) bulk reconstruction in LEED as well as a perfectly smooth surface with terraces of micron size can be achieved by sputtering, annealing at very high temperatures, followed by a subsequent slow (0.09 K/s) and careful cooling procedure. Additionally, we show the possibility of tailoring the Sn concentration in the topmost layers of Pt3Sn(111) as a function of annealing temperature and subsequent cooling rate. Structural changes of the surface are induced by Sn segregation combined with a surface order–disorder transition at 1340 K. Moreover, two new surface reconstructions depending on the cooling rate are reported. KW - Pt3Sn KW - Low-energy electron microscopy (LEEM) KW - Platinum KW - Tin KW - Cleaning KW - Alloy Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susc.2023.122281 SN - 0039-6028 SN - 1879-2758 VL - 732 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kovanen, Sunna A1 - Ulrich, Peter A1 - Gailing, Ludger T1 - Institutionalizing collaborative regional governance in organizationally thin regions – Regional development agencies and the neglect of social innovations T2 - Frontiers in Political Science N2 - This article compares one emerging and three established regional development agencies in rural regions in Germany as examples of collaborative governance for socially innovative regional development. We ask, firstly, how an emergent collaborative regional governance network can be institutionalized in the long term based on participatory mechanisms on several levels as well as between actors with different goals and values. Secondly, how an organizationally thin, rural context influences the governance network in steering the social innovation promotion and what kind of development for whom do different governance networks mobilize. Research was conducted as a qualitative comparative case study with semi-structured expert interviews. The findings highlight that the institutionalization of collaborative governance is supported by funding and policies from upper scales and the model of regional development agency enhances the learning of collaborative governance between public institutions. However, the goal and beneficiaries of the development are mainly the classic economic actors, whereas transformative grassroots movements enhancing social innovation are largely ignored by public-driven collaborative governance. KW - collaborative governance KW - social innovation KW - regional development KW - institutionalization KW - regional development agency Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpos.2023.1092295 SN - 2673-3145 VL - 2023 IS - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Huber, Tobias A1 - Winkler, Herwig T1 - Fehlerprognose in der Automobilmontage. Einsatz eines überwachten Lernalgorithmus zur fahrzeug- und stationsbezogenen Fehlerprognose T2 - Zeitschrift für wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb N2 - Die Automobilmontage ist aktuell von der Produktvarianz und dem Faktor Mensch geprägt, sodass diese bisher – trotz zahlreicher präventiver Maßnahmen – nicht gänzlich fehlerfrei gestaltet werden konnte. Mit dem Ziel, jene Fehler prognostizieren zu können, wurde ein Klassifikationsmodell aus dem Bereich des überwachten maschinellen Lernens trainiert und über einen dreimonatigen Zeitraum validiert. Während dieses Zeitraums konnten rund 60 Prozent der relevanten Fehler korrekt vorhergesagt werden. KW - Automobilindustrie KW - Automobilmontage KW - Maschinelles Lernen KW - Klassifikation KW - Montagefehler KW - Fehlervorhersage Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/zwf-2022-1042 SN - 0947-0085 SN - 0932-0482 VL - 117 IS - 4 SP - 192 EP - 199 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stockmann, Christian A1 - Winkler, Herwig T1 - Robustness in production systems – findings from a systematic literature review T2 - International Journal of Services and Operations Management N2 - In production systems, the concept of robustness is widespread due to various applications, purposes, and interpretations. However, little is known about the conceptual characteristics of robustness in production settings and even less about its distinctions from other related terms – such as flexibility or agility. That is why this paper systematically reviews production literature to identify the contexts in which robustness is mostly applied and to analyse existing concepts. It is found that despite a vast literature body addressing robustness in varying forms, few studies cover it on a conceptual basis. Within this small sample, a rather general agreement on the meaning of robustness in production systems is found. However, details, interpretations, mentioned interlinkages to related terms differ across the identified literature. Based on the findings of the review and with the help of established literature on adjacent concepts, a comprehensive understanding of robustness in production systems is developed. KW - robustness KW - production management KW - production systems KW - operations management KW - flexibility KW - resilience KW - resistance KW - changeability Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.inderscienceonline.com/doi/10.1504/IJSOM.2023.129462 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1504/IJSOM.2023.129462 SN - 1744-2370 SN - 1744-2389 VL - 44 IS - 3 SP - 368 EP - 389 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Strobel, Carsten A1 - Alvarado Chavarin, Carlos A1 - Völkel, Sandra A1 - Jahn, Andreas A1 - Hiess, Andre A1 - Knaut, Martin A1 - Albert, Matthias A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Steinke, Olaff A1 - Stephan, Ulf A1 - Röhlecke, Sören A1 - Mikolajick, Thomas T1 - Enhanced Electrical Properties of Optimized Vertical Graphene-Base Hot Electron Transistors T2 - ACS Applied Electronic Materials N2 - The arrival of high-mobility two-dimensional materials like graphene leads to the renaissance of former vertical semiconductor–metal–semiconductor (SMS) hot electron transistors. Because of the monolayer thickness of graphene, improved SMS transistors with a semimetallic graphene-base electrode are now feasible for high-frequency applications. In this study we report about a device that consists of amorphous silicon, graphene, and crystalline silicon. For the first time, this device is fabricated by a four-mask lithography process which leads to significant improvements in the device performance. A strongly increased common-emitter current gain of 2% could be achieved while the on–off ratio improved to 1.6 × 105, which is already higher than predicted theoretically. This could be mainly attributed to better interface characteristics and decreased lateral dimensions of the devices. A cutoff frequency of approximately 26 MHz could be forecasted based on the DC measurements of the device. KW - Graphene KW - Transistor Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaelm.2c01725 SN - 2637-6113 VL - 5 IS - 3 SP - 1670 EP - 1675 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kloes, Alexander A1 - Bischoff, Carl A1 - Leise, Jakob A1 - Perez-Bosch Quesada, Emilio A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Pérez, Eduardo T1 - Stochastic switching of memristors and consideration in circuit simulation T2 - Solid State Electronics N2 - We explore the stochastic switching of oxide-based memristive devices by using the Stanford model for circuit simulation. From measurements, the device-to-device (D2D) and cycle-to-cycle (C2C) statistical variation is extracted. In the low-resistive state (LRS) dispersion by D2D variability is dominant. In the high-resistive state (HRS) C2C dispersion becomes the main source of fluctuation. A statistical procedure for the extraction of parameters of the compact model is presented. Thereby, in a circuit simulation the typical D2D and C2C fluctuations of the current–voltage (I-V) characteristics can be emulated by extracting statistical parameters of key model parameters. The statistical distributions of the parameters are used in a Monte Carlo simulation to reproduce the I-V D2D and C2C dispersions which show a good agreement to the measured curves. The results allow the simulation of the on/off current variation for the design of memory cells or can be used to emulate the synaptic behavior of these devices in artificial neural networks realized by a crossbar array of memristors. KW - RRAM KW - memristive device KW - variability Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sse.2023.108606 SN - 0038-1101 VL - 201 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Starick, Tommy A1 - Schmidt, Heiko T1 - Investigation of turbulent mixing using a stochastic hierarchical parcel swapping mixing model T2 - Proceedings in applied mathematics and mechanics : PAMM N2 - Turbulent mixing plays an important role in a variety of applications ranging from astrophysics to combustion and even pollutant dispersion. The Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) that resolves all scales is not feasible for most engineering applications since the flow has a wide range of length and time scales, which yields extremely high resolution requirements. Large Eddy Simulations (LES) overcome this limitation by modeling the sub-grid scale effects. In transported Probability Density Function (PDF) methods, the key challenge is to develop an accurate mixing model. At this point, the Hierarchical Parcel-Swapping (HiPS) model, introduced by A.R. Kerstein [J. Stat. Phys. 153, 142-161 (2013)], is an attractive candidate. It is characterized by a computationally efficient representation of the effects of turbulence on a time-evolving structure of diffusive scalar fields. The interpretation of the diffusive scalar fields or a state space as a binary tree structure is an alternative approach compared to the most common mixing models. The characteristic feature of HiPS is that every level of the tree corresponds to a specific length and time scale, which is based on turbulence inertial range scaling. The state variables only reside at the base of the tree and are understood as fluid parcels. The effects of turbulent advection are represented by stochastic swaps of sub-trees at rates determined by prevailing turbulent time scales associated with the sub-trees. The mixing of adjacent fluid parcels is done either instantaneously or at rates consistent with the corresponding diffusion time scales. In this work, HiPS is detailed for the simulation of passive scalar mixing first. Preliminary results for the scalar power spectra, mean square displacement and scalar dissipation rate are shown and reveal a reasonable agreement with experimental findings. Furthermore, the integrated binary tree structure allows to satisfy a large number of criteria for a good mixing model. Considering the reduced order and computational efficiency, HiPS is an attractive candidate for modeling the mixing in transported PDF methods. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.202200283 SN - 1617-7061 N1 - Special Issue: 92nd Annual Meeting of the International Association of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics (GAMM) VL - 22 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Perez-Bosch Quesada, Emilio A1 - Mahadevaiah, Mamathamba Kalishettyhalli A1 - Rizzi, Tommaso A1 - Wen, Jianan A1 - Ulbricht, Markus A1 - Krstic, Milos A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Pérez, Eduardo T1 - Experimental Assessment of Multilevel RRAM-based Vector-Matrix Multiplication Operations for In-Memory Computing T2 - IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices N2 - Resistive random access memory (RRAM)-based hardware accelerators are playing an important role in the implementation of in-memory computing (IMC) systems for artificial intelligence applications. The latter heavily rely on vector-matrix multiplication (VMM) operations that can be efficiently boosted by RRAM devices. However, the stochastic nature of the RRAM technology is still challenging real hardware implementations. To study the accuracy degradation of consecutive VMM operations, in this work we programed two RRAM subarrays composed of 8x8 one-transistor-one-resistor (1T1R) cells following two different distributions of conductive levels. We analyze their robustness against 1000 identical consecutive VMM operations and monitor the inherent devices’ nonidealities along the test. We finally quantize the accuracy loss of the operations in the digital domain and consider the trade-offs between linearly distributing the resistive states of the RRAM cells and their robustness against nonidealities for future implementation of IMC hardware systems. KW - RRAM KW - Vector Matrix Multiplication KW - variability Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TED.2023.3244509 SN - 0018-9383 VL - 70 IS - 4 SP - 2009 EP - 2014 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Javed, Ali Javed A1 - Khan, Naveed Ahmad A1 - Michalk, Silke A1 - Khan, Noor Ullah A1 - Kamran, Muhammad T1 - High-Performance Work System and Innovation Capabilities: The Mediating Role of Intellectual Capital T2 - Administrativ Science N2 - This study examined the effect of high-performance work systems on developing incremental and radical innovation capabilities. Drawing on resource-based and knowledge-based theories, the mediating effects of human capital, social capital, and organizational capital were tested. Data were collected from 233 middle-to-senior level managers working in the banking sector of Pakistan, and hypotheses were tested through partial least squares structural equation modeling using Smart PLS 4.0. The findings showed that all components of intellectual capital mediated the relationship to develop both types of innovation capabilities. In terms of the strength of the relationship, social capital was found to be a more effective mediator, and next to this were human capital and organizational capital, respectively. Our findings contribute to the existing literature by explaining the relationship between HPWS and innovation capabilities, which is also referred to as the black box through the mediation of intellectual capital. Decision makers should recognize the importance of this relationship because it develops innovation capabilities that enhance organizational performance by giving them a competitive advantage. KW - high-performance work system KW - human capital KW - social capital KW - organizational capital KW - incremental innovation capability KW - radical innovation capability Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci13010023 SN - 2076-3387 VL - 13 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 19 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Radi, Sherihan Gamal El Din Mohamed A1 - Michalk, Silke T1 - The Importance of a Strong Organizational Culture and the HR's Role in Developing a Positive Organizational Culture: The Case of Nestlé in Egypt T2 - JSFC N2 - The current economic and cultural domain and the society in general are subject to major changes that create an extremely competitive environment. All members of any organization are obliged to adapt to these changes in order to achieve competitive advantage for their organization. Experts give organizational culture great importance as they believe that it is essential to achieve the organization's success. This research examines the importance of a strong organizational culture as a tool for managing, improving and enhancing the performance of the employees and the role of the HR in developing a positive organizational culture by using Nestlé Company in Egypt as a case study. KW - change KW - human resources KW - transformation KW - organizational culture KW - performance Y1 - 2019 UR - https://jsfc.journals.ekb.eg/article_246941.html VL - 22 IS - 1 SP - 99 EP - 123 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bestehorn, Michael A1 - Sharma, Deewakar A1 - Borcia, Rodica A1 - Amiroudine, Sakir T1 - Faraday instability of binary miscible/immiscible fluids with phase field approach T2 - Physical Review Fluids N2 - The objective in the present paper is to study binary fluids with phase field modeling coupled with Navier-Stokes equations. An extended free energy is proposed to account for the continuous path from immiscible to miscible states. We consider fluid pairs that are immiscible for temperatures below the critical one (consolute temperature) and miscible above it. Our extended phase field equation permits us to move from the immiscible state (governed by the Cahn-Hilliard equation) to the miscible state (defined by the species diffusion equation). The scaling of interface tension and interface width with the distance to the critical point is highlighted. The whole system is mechanically excited showing Faraday instability of a flat interface. A linear stability analysis is performed for the stable case (interface waves) as well as for the unstable Faraday one. For the latter, a Floquet analysis shows the well-known Arnold's tongues as a function of the consolute temperature and depth layer. Moreover, two-dimensional finite difference simulations have been performed allowing us to model nonlinear flow patterns both in miscible and immiscible phases. Linear theory and nonlinear simulations show interesting results such as the diminishing of the wavelength of Faraday waves or a shift of the critical vibration amplitude when the consolute temperature is approached. KW - Binary fluids KW - Hydrodynamic waves KW - Instability of free-surface flows KW - Surface tension effects Y1 - 2021 UR - https://journals.aps.org/prfluids/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.6.064002 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.6.064002 SN - 2469-990X VL - 6 IS - 6 SP - 1 EP - 26 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Borcia, Rodica A1 - Borcia, Ion-Dan A1 - Bestehorn, Michael A1 - Sharma, Deewakar A1 - Amiroudine, Sakir T1 - Phase field modeling in liquid binary mixtures: isothermal and non-isothermal problems T2 - Physical Review Fluids N2 - The objective in the present paper is to study binary fluids with phase field modeling coupled with Navier-Stokes equations. An extended free energy is proposed to account for the continuous path from immiscible to miscible states. We consider fluid pairs that are immiscible for temperatures below the critical one (consolute temperature) and miscible above it. Our extended phase field equation permits us to move from the immiscible state (governed by the Cahn-Hilliard equation) to the miscible state (defined by the species diffusion equation). The scaling of interface tension and interface width with the distance to the critical point is highlighted. The whole system is mechanically excited showing Faraday instability of a flat interface. A linear stability analysis is performed for the stable case (interface waves) as well as for the unstable Faraday one. For the latter, a Floquet analysis shows the well-known Arnold's tongues as a function of the consolute temperature and depth layer. Moreover, two-dimensional finite difference simulations have been performed allowing us to model nonlinear flow patterns both in miscible and immiscible phases. Linear theory and nonlinear simulations show interesting results such as the diminishing of the wavelength of Faraday waves or a shift of the critical vibration amplitude when the consolute temperature is approached. KW - Binary fluids KW - Drop coalescence KW - Drop interactions KW - Drops & bubbles KW - Microfluidics Y1 - 2022 UR - https://journals.aps.org/prfluids/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.7.064005 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.7.064005 SN - 2469-990X VL - 7 IS - 6 SP - 1 EP - 19 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liedtke, Victoria A1 - Rose, Laura A1 - Hiemann, Rico A1 - Nasser, Abdullah A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Bonaventura, Alena A1 - Winkler, Laura A1 - Sowa, Mandy A1 - Stöckle, Michael A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Junker, Kerstin A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk T1 - Over-Expression of LEDGF/p75 in HEp-2 Cells Enhances Autoimmune IgG Response in Patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia—A Novel Diagnostic Approach with Therapeutic Consequence? T2 - International Journal of Molecular Sciences N2 - Lens epithelium-derived growth factor splice variant of 75 kDa (LEDGF/p75) is an autoantigen over-expressed in solid tumors and acts as a stress-related transcriptional co-activator. Participation of autoimmune responses in the pathophysiology of benign prostatic hyperplasia (PBH) and a corresponding immunosuppressive therapy by TNFalpha antagonists has been recently suggested. Thus, autoAb testing could aid in the diagnosis of BPH patients profiting from such therapy. We generated CRISPR/Cas9 modified HEp-2 LEDGF knock-out (KO) and HEp-2 LEDGF/p75 over-expressing (OE) cells and examined IgG autoantibody reactivity to LEDGF/p75 in patients with prostate cancer (PCa, n = 89), bladder cancer (BCa, n = 116), benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH, n = 103), and blood donors (BD, n = 60) by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Surprisingly, we could not detect elevated binding of autoAbs against LEDGF/p75 in cancer patients, but autoAb reactivity to LEDGF/p75 OE cells in about 50% of patients with BPH was unexpectedly significantly increased. Furthermore, a line immunoassay enabling the detection of 18 different autoAbs revealed a significantly increased occurrence of anti-dsDNA autoAbs in 34% of BPH patients in contrast to tumor patients and BD. This finding was confirmed by anti-mitochondrial (mDNA) autoAb detection with the Crithidia luciliae immunofluorescence test, which also showed a significantly higher prevalence (34%) of anti-mDNA autoAbs in BPH. In summary, our study provided further evidence for the occurrence of autoimmune responses in BPH. Furthermore, LEDGF/p75 over-expression renders HEp-2 cells more autoantigenic and an ideal target for autoAb analysis in BPH with a potential therapy consequence. KW - LEDGF/p75 KW - autoimmunity KW - CRISPR/Cas9 KW - dsDNA KW - mDNA Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24076166 SN - 1422-0067 VL - 24 IS - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knittel, Lukas A1 - Tafili, Merita A1 - Grandas Tavera, Carlos Eduardo A1 - Triantafyllidis, Theodoros T1 - New perspectives on preshearing history in granular soils T2 - Scientific reports N2 - The design of deep dump slopes for opencast mines usually requires information about the soil resistance to liquefaction during earthquakes. This resistance depends not only on the initial stress, the initial density, and the amplitude of the cyclic loading, but also on the preshearing, that is, the deviatoric stress path applied to the soil before the cyclic loading. To explore the influence of preshearing on the subsequent soil behaviour, a set of triaxial tests with a combination of undrained preshearing and drained stress cycles using two sample preparation methods is presented. It is shown that the preshearing as well as the preparation method have a major influence on the strain accumulation upon cyclic loading. Simulations of the experiments with four advanced constitutive models reveal that neither the long-lasting effect of preshearing nor the preparation method can adequately be captured by all of the models. This deficiency of the constitutive models can lead to unsafe designs due to the overestimation of the cyclic resistance to liquefaction and to the underestimation of long term settlements. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-31419-9 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nitsch, Antonia A1 - Leuthold, Julia A1 - Machaček, Jan A1 - Grandas Tavera, Carlos Eduardo T1 - Experimental investigations on hydro‑mechanical processes in reconstituted clay shale and their significance for constitutive modelling T2 - Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering N2 - The hydro-mechanical processes of a reconstituted clay shale (Opalinus Clay) were studied and implications for constitutive modelling of swellable clay shales derived. The study aims to provide further insights into these coupled processes. For that, oedometric swelling tests with varying boundary conditions and loading paths, oedometric compression tests under dry and saturated conditions, and permeability tests were performed. The results showed a unique preloading line for the dry state when plotting the void ratio against the vertical stress. For saturated states, this line was shifted to the left (to smaller stresses) which revealed a severe reduction of preloading stress due to saturation. All loading paths converged in a normal compression line (NCL) regardless of the mechanical boundary conditions during saturation. A trend line affine to the NCL was established for swelling pressures at different initial void ratios. The influence of saturation on the mechanical properties became further evident, as the un-/reloading stiffness was significantly reduced. A linear relationship between volumetric deformation and saturation was found. A severe swelling induced reduction of permeability in the saturated state was demonstrated and confirmed by the analysis of consolidation processes during oedometric loading. The experimental findings were used to derive fundamental assumptions for constitutive modelling and were discussed within a numerical framework for expansive soils. KW - Hydro-mechanical behaviour KW - Swelling KW - Oedometric compression KW - Permeability KW - Constitutive modelling Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-022-03202-1 SN - 1434-453X SN - 0723-2632 VL - 56 IS - 4 SP - 2457 EP - 2478 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kansok-Dusche, Julia A1 - Wettstein, Alexander A1 - Castellanos, Melisa A1 - Schwab, Céline A1 - Subramaniam, Abimanju A1 - Wachs, Sebastian A1 - Bilz, Ludwig T1 - Associations between Social Competence, Perceived Parents’ Prosocial Educational Goals and Adolescents’ Hate Speech Perpetration in School T2 - Victims & Offenders N2 - Hate speech is a global challenge, requiring research on adolescents’ hate speech perpetration in schools. We examined whether perceived parents’ prosocial educational goals moderate the association between social competencies (social perspective-taking, openness to diversity) and hate speech perpetration in schools. In total, 1,719 adolescents (aged 11–18 years) from 22 Swiss schools completed selfreport questionnaires (December 2020 to April 2021). Social perspective-taking and hate speech perpetration correlated negatively, alongside openness to diversity and hate speech perpetration. Perceived parents’ prosocial educational goals strengthened the negative association between openness to diversity and hate speech perpetration in schools but did not moderate the association with social perspective-taking. KW - Hate speech KW - prosocial educational goals KW - social perspective-taking KW - school KW - openness to diversity KW - adolescents Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/15564886.2023.2189191 SN - 1556-4991 VL - 19 IS - 3 SP - 419 EP - 446 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shi, Zhuanghua A1 - Gu, Bon-Mi A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Meck, Warren H. T1 - Beyond Scalar Timing Theory: Integrating Neural Oscillators with Computational Accessibility in Memory T2 - Timing & Time Perception N2 - One of the major challenges for computational models of timing and time perception is to identify a neurobiological plausible implementation that predicts various behavioral properties, including the scalar property and retrospective timing. The available timing models primarily focus on the scalar property and prospective timing, while virtually ignoring the computational accessibility. Here, we first selectively review timing models based on ramping activity, oscillatory pattern, and time cells, and discuss potential challenges for the existing models. We then propose a multifrequency oscilla- tory model that offers computational accessibility, which could account for a much broader range of timing features, including both retrospective and prospective timing. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1163/22134468-bja10059 SN - 2213-4468 SP - 1 EP - 22 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Flanagin, Virginia A1 - Klinkowski, Svenja A1 - Brodt, Svenja A1 - Graetsch, Melanie A1 - Roselli, Carolina A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Gais, Steffen T1 - The precuneus as a central node in declarative memory retrieval T2 - Cerebral Cortex N2 - Both, the hippocampal formation and the neocortex are contributing to declarative memory, but their functional specialization remains unclear. We investigated the differential contribution of both memory systems during free recall of word lists. In total, 21 women and 17 men studied the same list but with the help of different encoding associations. Participants associated the words either sequentially with the previous word on the list, with spatial locations on a well-known path, or with unique autobiographical events. After intensive rehearsal, subjects recalled the words during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Common activity to all three types of encoding associations was identified in the posterior parietal cortex, in particular in the precuneus. Additionally, when associating spatial or autobiographical material, retrosplenial cortex activity was elicited during word list recall, while hippocampal activity emerged only for autobiographically associated words. These findings support a general, critical function of the precuneus in episodic memory storage and retrieval. The encoding-retrieval repetitions during learning seem to have accelerated hippocampus-independence and lead to direct neocortical integration in the sequentially associated and spatially associated word list tasks. During recall of words associated with autobiographical memories, the hippocampus might add spatiotemporal information supporting detailed scenic and contextual memories. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhac476 SN - 1460-2199 VL - 33 IS - 10 SP - 5981 EP - 5990 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kowarik, Carmen A1 - Martin-Creuzburg, Dominik A1 - Mathers, Kate L. A1 - Weber, Christine A1 - Robinson, Christopher T. T1 - Stream degradation affects aquatic resource subsidies to riparian ground-dwelling spiders T2 - Science of The Total Environment N2 - Freshwater systems have undergone drastic alterations during the last century, potentially affecting cross-boundary resource transfers between aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. One important connection is the export of biomass by emergent aquatic insects containing omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), that is scarce in terrestrial systems. Because of taxon-specific differences in PUFA content and functional traits, the contribution of different insect groups should be considered, in addition to total biomass export. In this context, one important trait is the emergence mode. Stoneflies, in contrast to other aquatic insects, crawl to land to emerge instead of flying directly from the water surface, making them accessible to ground-dwelling predators. Because stoneflies are especially susceptible to environmental change, stream degradation might cause a mismatch of available and required nutrients, particularly for ground-dwelling predators. In this study, we estimated emergent biomass and EPA export along two streams with different levels of habitat degradation. The EPA content in aquatic insects did not differ with different degrees of habitat degradation and total biomass export in spring was with 7.9 ± 9.6 mg m−2 day−1 in the degraded and 7.3 ± 8.5 mg m−2 day−1 in the natural system, also unaffected. However, habitat degradation substantially altered the contribution of crawling emergence to the total export in spring, with no biomass export by stoneflies at the most degraded sites. The EPA content in ground-dwelling spiders was correlated with emergent stonefly biomass, making up only 16.0 ± 6.2 % of total fatty acids at sites with no stonefly emergence, but 27.3 ± 3.0 % at sites with highest stonefly emergence. Because immune function in ground-dwelling spiders has been connected to EPA levels, reduced crawling emergence might impact spider fitness. Functional traits, like emergence mode as well as nutritional quality, should be considered when assessing the effects of stream degradation on adjacent terrestrial ecosystems. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158658 SN - 1879-1026 VL - 855 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zeißig, Anke A1 - Pannasch, Sebastian T1 - Being bored, happy or focused – which is best for creative thinking? How different emotional states influence creativity T2 - Journal of Boredom Studies N2 - We aim to extend the body of research on boredom as a potentially creativity-enhancing state. Therefore, 124 students were assigned to one of five 6-minute interventions (boredom-discomfort, boredom-equanimity, boredom-continuation, joy, and concentration) and the effects on figural as well as verbal fluency and diversity as measures of creativity were examined. It was verified whether the emotional state changed during the intervention. In addition, the emotional dimensions, valence, arousal, and alertness were controlled before and after the test.Boredom-discomfort, joy, and concentration altered the emotion experienced during the intervention in the intended way. The boredom-equanimity and boredom-continuation groups served as control conditions for various boredom states, and less boredom resulted for subjects in these groups. Figural and verbal measures of creativity were differently influenced by the interventions. For verbal fluency, we obtained a significant interaction between time and group, in particular, the performance differed between the intervention with either concentration, or joy. Verbal creativity decreased after intervention in all groups, most for joy and boredom-discomfort groups and least for concentration. In contrast, figural performance increased in four groups, most for boredom-discomfort but not for concentration. Subsequent analyses revealed significant interaction effects between time and group with respect to both verbal and figural measures of creativity. The interventions had not only short-term effects on subjects' emotions but also, in some cases, a significant longer-term impact on emotion dimensions at the end of the study.After discussing methodological aspects, conclusions are drawn for further research approaches. KW - Boredom KW - Creativity KW - Joy KW - Concentration KW - Emotion Induction KW - Video Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.boredomsociety.com/jbs/index.php/journal/article/view/16/28 UR - https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7712793 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 25 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mańkowska, Ewa A1 - Mazur, Michał A1 - Domaradzki, Jarosław A1 - Mazur, Piotr A1 - Kot, Małgorzata A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo T1 - Hydrogen Gas Sensing Properties of Mixed Copper–Titanium Oxide Thin Films T2 - Sensors N2 - Hydrogen is an efficient source of clean and environmentally friendly energy. However, because it is explosive at concentrations higher than 4%, safety issues are a great concern. As its applications are extended, the need for the production of reliable monitoring systems is urgent. In this work, mixed copper–titanium oxide ((CuTi)Ox) thin films with various copper concentrations (0–100 at.%), deposited by magnetron sputtering and annealed at 473 K, were investigated as a prospective hydrogen gas sensing material. Scanning electron microscopy was applied to determine the morphology of the thin films. Their structure and chemical composition were investigated by X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, respectively. The prepared films were nanocrystalline mixtures of metallic copper, cuprous oxide, and titanium anatase in the bulk, whereas at the surface only cupric oxide was found. In comparison to the literature, the (CuTi)Ox thin films already showed a sensor response to hydrogen at a relatively low operating temperature of 473 K without using any extra catalyst. The best sensor response and sensitivity to hydrogen gas were found in the mixed copper–titanium oxides containing similar atomic concentrations of both metals, i.e., 41/59 and 56/44 of Cu/Ti. Most probably, this effect is related to their similar morphology and to the simultaneous presence of Cu and Cu2O crystals in these mixed oxide films. In particular, the studies of surface oxidation state revealed that it was the same for all annealed films and consisted only of CuO. However, in view of their crystalline structure, they consisted of Cu and Cu2O nanocrystals in the thin film volume. KW - mixed copper–titanium oxides KW - Cu2O KW - TiO2 KW - (CuTi)Ox KW - hydrogen gas sensing KW - thin films KW - magnetron sputtering Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/s23083822 SN - 1424-8220 VL - 23 IS - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Baki, Aykut A1 - Abdeldayem, Mohamed A1 - Morales, Carlos A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo A1 - Klimm, Detlef A1 - Bierwagen, Oliver A1 - Schwarzkopf, Jutta T1 - Potential of La-Doped SrTiO3 Thin Films Grown by Metal–Organic Vapor Phase Epitaxy for Thermoelectric Applications T2 - Crystal Growth & Design N2 - La-doped SrTiO3 thin films with high structural quality were homoepitaxially grown by the metal–organic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE) technique. Thermogravimetric characterization of the metal–organic precursors determines suitable flash evaporator temperatures for transferring the liquid source materials in the gas phase of the reactor chamber. An adjustment of the charge carrier concentration in the films, which is necessary for optimizing the thermoelectric power factor, was performed by introducing a defined amount of the metal–organic compound La(tmhd)3 and tetraglyme to the liquid precursor solution. X-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy verified the occurrence of the pure perovskite phase exhibiting a high structural quality for all La concentrations. The electrical conductivity of the films obtained from Hall-effect measurements increases linearly with the La concentration in the gas phase, which is attributed to the incorporation of La3+ ions on the Sr2+ perovskite sites by substitution inferred from photoemission spectroscopy. The resulting structural defects were discussed concerning the formation of occasional Ruddlesden–Popper-like defects. The thermoelectric properties determined by Seebeck measurements demonstrate the high potential of SrTiO3 thin films grown by MOVPE for thermoelectric applications. KW - metal−organic vapor phase epitaxy (MoVPE) KW - SrTiO2 KW - La doping KW - X-ray diffraction (XRD) KW - atomicforce microscopy (AFM) KW - photoemissionspectroscopy KW - Seebeck measurements KW - electrical conductivity Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.cgd.2c01438 SN - 1528-7483 SN - 1528-7505 VL - 23 IS - 4 SP - 2522 EP - 2530 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bilz, Ludwig T1 - Psychische Gesundheit in der Schule T2 - Pädiatrie & Pädologie N2 - Der psychischen Gesundheit von Kindern und Jugendlichen ist in den letzten Jahrzehnten verstärkte Aufmerksamkeit zuteil geworden. Immer deutlicher zeichnet sich ab, dass psychische Probleme im Kindes- und Jugendalter eine hohe Vorhersagekraft für psychische Erkrankungen im Erwachsenenalter haben. Gleichzeitig verfügen wir über einen immer breiter werdenden Erkenntnisstand zur Bedeutung des psychischen Wohlbefindens von Kindern und Jugendlichen für ihren schulischen Erfolg und für ihre soziale Teilhabe. Der vorliegende Beitrag nimmt die Lebenswelt Schule in das Blickfeld. Es werden Befunde zu schulbezogenen Ressourcen und Risikofaktoren für die psychische Gesundheit von Schüler*innen und zur Rolle von Lehrkräften bei der Früherkennung vorgestellt sowie Schlussfolgerungen für die Förderung der psychischen Gesundheit in der Schule gezogen. KW - Students KW - mental well-being KW - mental disorders KW - school health promotion KW - early identification Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00608-022-01031-7 SN - 0030-9338 VL - 58 IS - S1 SP - 8 EP - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Çelik, Gülşah Aktaş A1 - Atapek, Şaban Hakan A1 - Polat, Şeyda A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Nitriding Effect on the Tribological Performance of CrN-, AlTiN-, and CrN/AlTiN-Coated DIN 1.2367 Hot Work Tool Steel T2 - Materials N2 - In this study, heat-treated and multisurface engineered DIN 1.2367 tool steel was subjected to room and elevated temperature wear tests, and the effect of nitriding on its tribological behavior was investigated. CrN, AlTiN, and CrN/AlTiN coatings with a total thickness of 2 µm were obtained by arc cathodic physical vapor deposition on conventional heat-treated and gas-nitrided steels. The white layer formed during nitriding was removed, and a diffusion layer (100 µm) was achieved in the cross section of the steel having a tempered martensitic matrix. The highest surface hardness was attained with an integral coating (CrN/AlTiN), and surface hardness increased even more after nitriding due to the formation of a multicomponent ceramic layer on top of the diffusion layer. The room temperature wear tests performed against an alumina counterpart revealed that (i) CrN/AlTiN-coated steel had the highest friction coefficient of 0.26, which further increased to 0.33 by nitriding due to the increase in shear strength, and that (ii) with increasing surface hardness, the specific wear rates (W) of the heat-treated and coated steels could be ranked as follows: WCrN/AlTiN < WAlTiN < WCrN. The wear rates decreased when nitriding was carried out prior to coating. In order to simulate the aluminum extrusion conditions, hot wear behavior of the surfaces against AA6080 alloy at 450 °C was investigated. The hot wear tests revealed that (i) high friction coefficients were reached due to the adhesive characteristic of aluminum to the surfaces, (ii) the nitrided and CrN/AlTiN-coated sample exhibited the lowest wear rate among all studied surfaces, and (iii) the film damage on the worn surfaces mostly occurred in the form of droplet delamination. KW - DIN 1.2367 KW - PVD coating KW - Wear KW - characterization Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/7/2804 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16072804 SN - 1996-1944 VL - 16 IS - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kuebart, Andreas T1 - Open creative labs as functional infrastructure for entrepreneurial ecosystems: Using sequence analysis to explore tempo-spatial trajectories of startups in Berlin T2 - Research Policy Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2021.104444 SN - 1873-7625 SN - 0048-7333 VL - 51 IS - 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Becker, Nir A1 - Farja, Vanay A1 - Greenfeld, Asael A1 - Markova-Nenova, Nonka A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - A blueprint for addressing conflicts between ecotourism and farming from an economic perspective: The case of wintering crane conservation in the Hula Valley in Israel T2 - Ecological Economics Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2023.107824 SN - 1873-6106 VL - 209 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nieland, Susanne A1 - Zamani, Arief I. A1 - Ng, C. Leong A1 - Stahmann, Klaus-Peter T1 - Pilze: vom „Vitamin“- Überproduzenten zum robusten Alleskönner T2 - BIOspektrum KW - Life Sciences, general KW - Biochemistry, general KW - Human Genetics KW - Microbiology KW - Pharmacology/Toxicology Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12268-021-1567-7 SN - 0947-0867 SN - 1868-6249 VL - 27 IS - 3 SP - 326 EP - 328 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rakhi, Rakhi A1 - Günther, Vivien A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - A detailed surface reaction mechanism to investigate oxidation of methane over nickel catalyst T2 - Proceedings in Applied Mathematics & Mechanics : PAMM N2 - We have developed a kinetically consistent detailed surface reaction mechanism for modeling the oxidation of methane over a nickel-based catalyst. A one-dimensional model, LOGEcat based on the single-channel 1D catalyst model, is used to perform the simulations. The original multi-step reaction mechanism is thermodynamically consistent and consists of 52 reactions. By thermodynamic consistency, we mean that the equilibrium is achieved with the support of the Arrhenius parameters and does not depend on the thermochemistry of the species involved in the considered reactions. The detailed mechanism developed in this investigation contains 26 reversible reactions. These reactions are obtained with the use of the thermochemistry of the species. The study focuses on ensuring kinetic consistency and this is done with the help of thermodynamic analysis by bringing the thermochemistry of the species in play in order to develop a surface reaction mechanism. The new mechanism can be used to understand the other processes, for example, steam- and dry-reforming of methane over nickel, however, the main focus of the paper is to check the performance of the detailed mechanism for catalytic partial oxidation of methane. The applicability of the mechanism is checked for various reactor conditions in terms of parameters such as temperature and pressure by comparing the results with the available reference data. The detailed mechanism developed in this study is able to accurately express oxidation of methane over the nickel catalyst for the considered reactor conditions. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.202200055 SN - 1617-7061 N1 - Special Issue: 92nd Annual Meeting of the International Association of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics (GAMM) VL - 22 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krieger, Margaret A1 - Kurek, Katarzyna A. A1 - Brommer, Marit T1 - Global geothermal industry data collection: A systematic review T2 - Geothermics N2 - Geothermal data collection is subject to fragmented reporting in global energy reviews. This problem arises from discussions about the future of the geothermal energy industry, its trends and how to represent it in the renewable energy transition. The aim of this study is to outline the process of global geothermal data collection and analyse the data reporting systems. A metamodel is proposed to run a comparative analysis between selected entities that report data both for geothermal power and geothermal heat. A complimentary statistical analysis is carried out on these entities. Our findings show considerable data inconsistency, a lack of standardized definitions and a misalignment of collection methodologies. This leads to incomplete geothermal data reporting. Specifically, the revision of geothermal heat data collection should be prioritized. KW - Meta-analysis KW - Geothermal KW - Data collection KW - Data reporting KW - Standardization KW - Climate Change KW - Agriculture KW - Mitigation KW - Renewable Energy Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geothermics.2022.102457 SN - 0172-5939 IS - 104 SP - 1 EP - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Melnikov, Anton A1 - Schenk, Hermann A. G. A1 - Monsalve Guaracao, Jorge Mario A1 - Wall, Franziska A1 - Stolz, Michael A1 - Mrosk, Andreas A1 - Langa, Sergiu A1 - Kaiser, Bert T1 - Coulomb-actuated microbeams revisited: experimental and numerical modal decomposition of the saddle-node bifurcation T2 - Microsystems & Nanoengineering N2 - Electrostatic micromechanical actuators have numerous applications in science and technology. In many applications, they are operated in a narrow frequency range close to resonance and at a drive voltage of low variation. Recently, new applications, such as microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) microspeakers (µSpeakers), have emerged that require operation over a wide frequency and dynamic range. Simulating the dynamic performance under such circumstances is still highly cumbersome. State-of-the-art finite element analysis struggles with pull-in instability and does not deliver the necessary information about unstable equilibrium states accordingly. Convincing lumped-parameter models amenable to direct physical interpretation are missing. This inhibits the indispensable in-depth analysis of the dynamic stability of such systems. In this paper, we take a major step towards mending the situation. By combining the finite element method (FEM) with an arc-length solver, we obtain the full bifurcation diagram for electrostatic actuators based on prismatic Euler-Bernoulli beams. A subsequent modal analysis then shows that within very narrow error margins, it is exclusively the lowest Euler-Bernoulli eigenmode that dominates the beam physics over the entire relevant drive voltage range. An experiment directly recording the deflection profile of a MEMS microbeam is performed and confirms the numerical findings with astonishing precision. This enables modeling the system using a single spatial degree of freedom. KW - Engineering KW - NEMS KW - Sensors Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41378-021-00265-y SN - 2055-7434 VL - 7 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoffmann, Stephanie A1 - Sander, Lydia A1 - Rattay, Petra A1 - Blume, Miriam A1 - Hövener, Claudia A1 - Schneider, Sven A1 - Richter, Matthias A1 - Pischke, Claudia R. A1 - Schüttig, Wiebke A1 - De Bock, Freia A1 - Spallek, Jacob T1 - Do family characteristics contribute to a socioeconomic gradient in overweight in early childhood? – Single mediation analyses of data from German preschool children T2 - Preventive Medicine Reports N2 - Children’s overweight is strongly associated with family socioeconomic position (SEP) and family characteristics (FC). There is limited research on the extent to which FC account for a socioeconomic gradient in childhood overweight. This study examined whether FC explain SEP differences in the prevalence of overweight. The study used baseline data of preschool-aged children from the German ‘PReschool INtervention Study’. The sample (n = 872, 48% girls) was recruited at kindergartens in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Data included children’s measured weight status and parents’ reports on socioeconomic indicators (e.g., school education, vocational education, income) and FC. Variables represent main determinants of overweight (nutrition: sweets consumption in front of TV, soft drink consumption, regular breakfast, child sets table; physical activity: outdoor sports; parental role model). In single mediation analyses indirect effects of SEP on overweight were analysed (OR[95%CI]). Preschool girls and boys with low parental education had higher odds for overweight than children with high parental education. Among boys, low levels of parental education contributed to the odds of overweight via indirect effects by both factors ‘sweets consumption in front of TV’ (OR = 1.31[1.05–1.59]) and ‘no sports’ (OR = 1.14[1.01–1.38]). Among girls, FC measured did not explain SEP differences in overweight. Family nutrition and parental/family physical activity contribute to inequalities in overweight among preschool boys, but not girls. Research is needed to identify FC that explain inequalities in overweight for both. KW - Child KW - Family KW - Overweight KW - Socioeconomic factors KW - Socioeconomic health inequalities Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102178 SN - 2211-3355 VL - 33 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seeliger, Martin A1 - Peukert, Almut A1 - Jacobsen, Heike T1 - Editorial: Überleben im Büro? Arbeit in der Produktions-, Reproduktions- und Legitimationskrise T2 - Arbeit : Zeitschrift für Arbeitsforschung, Arbeitsgestaltung und Arbeitspolitik KW - Arbeit KW - Corona-Krise KW - Legitimationskrise Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/arbeit-2022-0001 SN - 0941-5025 SN - 2365-984X VL - 31 IS - 1-2 SP - 1 EP - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Welling, Malte A1 - Sagebiel, Julian A1 - Rommel, Jens T1 - Information processing in stated preference surveys: A case study on urban gardens T2 - Journal of Environmental Economics and Management Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2023.102798 SN - 1096-0449 VL - 119 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Codenotti, Giulia A1 - Santos, Francisco A1 - Schymura, Matthias T1 - The Covering Radius and a Discrete Surface Area for Non-Hollow Simplices T2 - Discrete & Computational Geometry KW - Covering radius KW - Discrete surface area KW - Lattice polytopes Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00454-021-00330-3 SN - 0179-5376 SN - 1432-0444 VL - 67 IS - 1 SP - 65 EP - 111 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Averkov, Gennadiy A1 - Hojny, Christopher A1 - Schymura, Matthias T1 - Computational aspects of relaxation complexity: possibilities and limitations T2 - Mathematical Programming KW - Integer programming formulation KW - Relaxation complexity Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10107-021-01754-8 SN - 0025-5610 SN - 1436-4646 VL - 197 IS - 2 SP - 1173 EP - 1200 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Averkov, Gennadiy A1 - Schymura, Matthias T1 - Complexity of linear relaxations in integer programming T2 - Mathematical Programming Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10107-021-01623-4 SN - 0025-5610 SN - 1436-4646 VL - 194 IS - 1-2 SP - 191 EP - 227 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Averkov, Gennadiy A1 - Hofscheier, Johannes A1 - Nill, Benjamin T1 - Generalized flatness constants, spanning lattice polytopes, and the Gromov width T2 - Manuscripta mathematica N2 - In this paper we motivate some new directions of research regarding the lattice width of convex bodies. We show that convex bodies of sufficiently large width contain a unimodular copy of a standard simplex. Following an argument of Eisenbrand and Shmonin, we prove that every lattice polytope contains a minimal generating set of the affine lattice spanned by its lattice points such that the number of generators (and the lattice width of their convex hull) is bounded by a constant which only depends on the dimension. We also discuss relations to recent results on spanning lattice polytopes and how our results could be viewed as the beginning of the study of generalized flatness constants. Regarding symplectic geometry, we point out how the lattice width of a Delzant polytope is related to upper and lower bounds on the Gromov width of its associated symplectic toric manifold. Throughout, we include several open questions. KW - Lattice polytopes KW - Spanning lattice polytopes KW - Lattice width KW - Flatness constant KW - Gromov width KW - Symplectic toric manifolds Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00229-021-01363-x SN - 0025-2611 SN - 1432-1785 VL - 170 IS - 1-2 SP - 147 EP - 165 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herrmann, Frank A1 - Keuler, Klaus A1 - Wolters, Tim A1 - Bergmann, Sabine A1 - Eisele, Michael A1 - Wendland, Frank T1 - Mit der Modellkette RCP-GCM-RCM-mGROWA projizierte Grundwasserneubildung als Datenbasis für zukünftiges Grundwassermanagement in Nordrhein-Westfalen T2 - Grundwasser N2 - Mit einem Multi-Modell-Ensemble wurde analysiert, wie sich der Klimawandel auf den Grundwasserhaushalt in Nordrhein-Westfalen (NRW) auswirkt. Hierzu wurden Projektionen der zukünftigen Grundwasserneubildung für insgesamt 36 Mitglieder der Modellkette RCP-GCM-RCM-mGROWA, bestehend aus 3 RCP-Szenarien zukünftiger globaler Erwärmung, 6 globalen und 5 dynamischen regionalen Klimamodellen sowie dem Wasserhaushaltsmodell mGROWA, vorgenommen. Mit dem Ensemble wurden für die hydrogeologischen Großräume NRWs nur teilweise signifikante Änderungen der jährlichen Grundwasserneubildung in den Perioden 2011–2040, 2041–2070 und 2071–2100 projiziert. Ein Robustheitstest mit zwei Kriterien (Übereinstimmung und Signifikanz der Änderungssignale) liefert keine belastbare Begründung dafür, dass sich die Grundwasserneubildung bis 2100 systematisch und signifikant ändern wird. Aus statistischer Perspektive wird deshalb die Schlussfolgerung gezogen, dass in NRW langfristig eine Grundwasserneubildung erwartet werden kann, die sich nicht grundlegend vom Niveau der Periode 1971–2000 unterscheidet. Hydro-meteorologisch befindet sich NRW in einer Übergangszone, in der eine Zunahme der Winterniederschläge die Wirkung der Erwärmung auf die Grundwasserneubildung wahrscheinlich kompensiert. KW - Grundwasserneubildung KW - Nordrhein-Westfalen KW - mGROWA KW - Klimawandel KW - Multi-Modell-Ensemble KW - Robustheit KW - Groundwater recharge KW - North Rhine-Westphalia KW - Climate change impact KW - Multi-model ensemble KW - Robustness Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00767-020-00471-x SN - 1430-483X SN - 1432-1165 VL - 26 IS - 1 SP - 17 EP - 31 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Plenz, Maik A1 - Grumm, Florian A1 - Meyer, Marc Florian A1 - Boden, Scott A1 - Schulz, Detlef A1 - Lehmann, Kathrin T1 - Szenariobasierte Analyse der Kurzschlussströme im deutschen Niederspannungsnetz unter Verwendung der CIGRE-Referenznetze T2 - Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik : e & i N2 - Die fortlaufenden, regulatorischen Eingriffe der Bundesregierung im Bereich erneuerbarer Energien führen zu einem hohen Anteil an Windkraft und Photovoltaikanlagen im elektrischen Energieversorgungssystem. Neben einer bevorzugten Einspeisung der erneuerbaren Energien erfolgt aktuell und zukünftig ein Rückbau oder die Stilllegung konventioneller Kraftwerke, wie Atom- und Kohlekraftwerke. Als quantitativer Bewertungsparameter zur Abschätzung der potenziellen Konsequenzen wird die Kurzschlussimpedanz verwendet, die aus den Kurzschlussströmen ableitbar ist. Die Kurzschlussimpedanz dient beispielsweise zur Bewertung der Aufnahmekapazität der Netzanschlusspunkte, der Sicherstellung der Versorgungsqualität und der Reduktion der Netzrückwirkungen. Die Impedanz eines Netzverknüpfungspunktes einer Anlage berechnet sich aus Netzkurzschlussleistung und der Netznennspannung. Somit ist die Netzkurzschlussleistung ein wesentlicher Parameter der Netzbewertung, der sich durch die Energiewende verändert. Betrachtet wird in diesem Beitrag der Anfangs-Kurzschlusswechselstrom, der die Grundlage für die rechnerische Größe der Netzkurzschlussleistung ist. Dieser Beitrag analysiert den Einfluss der Veränderung der Kurzschlussströme auf die Niederspannung (NS) unter Verwendung von Referenznetzen der Nieder- und Mittelspannungsebene (MS), szenariobasierten Simulationen und vereinfachten Modellen für erneuerbare Energieanlagen. Gleichzeitig werden bisherige Forschungsergebnisse auf Tendenzen untersucht, die die Veränderungen der Kurzschlussströme und den Einfluss von EE-Anlagen analysieren. Die Ergebnisse der Simulationen zeigen, dass die Kurzschlussströme trotz der Abschaltung von Großkraftwerken, die bisher durch Synchrongeneratoren den größten Anteil am Netzkurzschlussstrom lieferten, nicht in relevantem Maße abnehmen. KW - Kurzschlussstrom KW - Netzstabilität KW - Simulation KW - Prognose KW - Netzstörung KW - erneuerbare Energien KW - short-circuit current KW - grid stability KW - grid simulation KW - grid perturbations KW - renewable energies Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00502-021-00890-5 SN - 0932-383X SN - 1613-7620 VL - 138 IS - 4-5 SP - 289 EP - 299 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin A1 - Lorenz, Ulf A1 - Pelz, Peter F. T1 - OPTE special issue on technical operations research (TOR) T2 - Optimization and Engineering KW - Optimization KW - Engineering, general KW - Systems Theory, Control KW - Environmental Management KW - Operations Research/Decision Theory KW - Financial Engineering Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11081-021-09640-0 SN - 1389-4420 SN - 1573-2924 VL - 22 IS - 2 SP - 581 EP - 586 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kazula, Stefan A1 - Höschler, Klaus T1 - Review of variable leading-edge patents for aircraft wings and engine inlets and their relevance for variable pitot inlets in future supersonic transport T2 - CEAS Aeronautical Journal N2 - The motivation for designing variable pitot inlets for future supersonic transport (SST) is explained. A comprehensive overview of existing technological solutions for variable leading edges of aircraft wings and engine inlets is given. The advantages and limitations of over 80 solutions, as well as their relevance for application on variable pitot inlets for SST are described. The challenges of existing solution options concerning design methodologies, level of detail, and experience with a technology are identified. KW - Overview of variable inlet lips KW - Variable aero engine inlet KW - Morphing nacelle intake KW - SST Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s13272-021-00520-y SN - 1869-5582 SN - 1869-5590 VL - 12 IS - 3 SP - 685 EP - 700 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Safari, Athar A1 - Imran, Muhammad A1 - Weiss, Sabine T1 - A Comparative Study on Modified Johnson–Cook and Arrhenius-Type Constitutive Models to Predict the Hot Deformation Behaviour of Molybdenum-Hafnium-Carbide Alloy T2 - Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance N2 - Molybdenum alloys are commonly used as tool material for high-temperature deformation processes like forming or forging. For these types of application, the material has to withstand static load at elevated temperatures. To investigate the high-temperature performance of the material, uniaxial hot tensile tests were performed on a Mo-1.2% Hf-0.1% C alloy (MHC) over the temperature range of 1173-1473 K with intervals of 100 K and strain rates of 0.001, 0.01 and 0.1 s−1 up to the fracture of the specimen. The flow stress decreases with increase in temperature and the reduction in strain rate. This behaviour could be related to the increasing rate of restoration mechanisms, i.e. dynamic recrystallization or recovery as well as to the decrease in the strain hardening rate. Microstructure of the two most critical hot deformation conditions were shown and compared. Based on modified Johnson–Cook and strain-compensated Arrhenius-type models, constitutive equations were established to predict the high-temperature flow stress of the respective MHC alloy. The accuracy of both models was evaluated by comparing the predicted stress values and the values obtained from experiments. Correlation coefficient, average absolute relative error, the number of material constants involved and the computational time required for evaluating the constants were calculated to quantify and compare the precision of both models. The flow stress values predicted by the constitutive equations are in good agreement with the experimental results. At lower strain rates (0.001 and 0.01 s−1), distinct deviation from the experimental results can be observed for the modified Johnson–Cook model. Despite the longer evaluation time and the larger number of material constants, the deformation behaviour, tracked by the Arrhenius-type model is more accurate throughout the entire deformation process. KW - constitutive equation KW - flow stress KW - hot tensile deformation KW - molybdenum-hafnium-carbide alloy (MHC) Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-021-05464-2 SN - 1059-9495 SN - 1544-1024 VL - 30 IS - 3 SP - 1945 EP - 1956 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Ünsal, Ismail A1 - Sviridov, Alexander A1 - Hama-Saleh, Rebar A1 - Weisheit, Andreas T1 - Hybrid manufacturing of sheet metals and functionalizing for joining applications via hole flanging T2 - Production Engineering KW - Hybrid manufacturing KW - Laser metal deposition KW - Lightweight design KW - Hole flanging Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11740-020-01016-0 SN - 0944-6524 SN - 1863-7353 VL - 15 IS - 2 SP - 223 EP - 233 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Böckmann, Robert A1 - Jaehn, Philipp A1 - Bergholz, Andreas A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Rapp, Michael A. A1 - Holmberg, Christine T1 - Entwicklung eines Sozialstrukturindex zur Ermittlung des soziostrukturellen Versorgungsbedarfs in der ambulanten medizinischen Versorgung in Brandenburg T2 - Das Gesundheitswesen N2 - Introduction: Despite the growing numbers of physicians in outpatient care, continuing discussion about the planning of physician requirements suggests remaining problems in this field, which could be due to focussing on the ratio of physician to population rather than on morbidity-based evaluations. Against this background, this paper tries to depict the latent need in outpatient care, illustrates supply and demand and further tests the hypothesis that there is a relative inequality in distribution due to physicians preferring to locate in socially privileged areas in the German state of Brandenburg. Methods: We aggregated all data available on a small scale with potential impact on demand and examined it via principal component analysis. The generated factor was mapped together with the locations of general practitioners and specialists in general care. Using linear regressions, the number of practitioners was compared to the local index value to determine regional inequalities. Results: The PCA suggested a one factor solution; that factor was designated Social Structure Index due to its values. The mapping showed a tendency of higher index values towards the central areas of Brandenburg surrounding Berlin. Regressions of the number of practitioners against the index values revealed no significant differences between communities with high and low index values. Conclusion: The extension of factors concluding the evaluation of physician demand in outpatient care confirms the problems of physician supply in rural areas, where sparse populations meet social disadvantages and poor accessibility. An underlying inequality in distribution in terms of physicians preferring socially privileged areas could not be detected. KW - Versorgungsbedarf KW - Versorgungsungleichheit KW - Ambulante Versorgung Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.thieme-connect.com/products/ejournals/abstract/10.1055/a-2042-9874 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2042-9874 SN - 1439-4421 VL - 85 IS - 12 SP - 1140 EP - 1148 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kiene, Marvin A1 - Wacker, Alexander A1 - Martin-Creuzburg, Dominik T1 - Omega-3 versus Omega-6: Are We Underestimating the Ecological Significance of Arachidonic Acid in Aquatic Systems? T2 - Biomolecules N2 - The long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, ω-3, or n-3) and arachidonic acid (ARA, ω-6 or n-6) are known to have distinct physiological functions, yet can both support growth and reproduction of consumers, raising the question of whether EPA and ARA are ecologically substitutable dietary resources. We explored the relative importance of EPA and ARA for the growth and reproduction of the freshwater keystone herbivore Daphnia in a life-history experiment. Both PUFA were supplemented in a concentration-dependent manner to a PUFA-free diet, separately and in combination (50% EPA: 50% ARA mixture). The growth-response curves obtained with EPA, ARA, and the mixture were virtually congruent and the thresholds for PUFA limitation did not differ, indicating that EPA (n-3) and ARA (n-6) were substitutable dietary resources under the applied experimental conditions. The actual requirements for EPA and ARA might change with growth conditions, e.g., under the influence of parasites or pathogens. The higher retention of ARA in Daphnia suggests that EPA and ARA are subject to different turnover rates, which also implies different physiological functions. Studies on the ARA requirements of Daphnia could provide valuable information on the presumably underestimated ecological importance of ARA in freshwater food webs. KW - arachidonic acid KW - eicosapentaenoic acid KW - polyunsaturated fatty acids KW - membrane lipids KW - eicosanoids KW - co-limitation KW - Daphnia KW - freshwater food webs KW - limitation KW - ecology Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13050791 SN - 2218-273X VL - 13 IS - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Otto, Pascal A1 - Alipoursarbani, Mozhdeh A1 - Torrent, Daniel A1 - Latorre-Pérez, Adriel A1 - Paust, Thomas A1 - Albert, Alfred A1 - Abendroth, Christian T1 - Microbiome Characterization after Aerobic Digestate Reactivation of Anaerobically Digested Sewage Sludge T2 - Fermentation N2 - A demonstrator plant of a recently patented process for improved sludge degradation has been implemented on a municipal scale. In a 1500 m3 sewage sludge digester, an intermediary stage with aerobic sewage sludge reactivation was implemented. This oxic activation increased the biogas yield by up to 55% with a 25% reduction of the remaining fermentation residue volume. Furthermore, this process allowed an NH4-N removal of over 90%. Additionally, 16S rRNA gene amplicon high-throughput sequencing of the reactivated digestate showed a reduced number of methane-forming archaea compared to the main digester. Multiple ammonium-oxidizing bacteria were detected. This includes multiple genera belonging to the family Chitinophagaceae (the highest values reached 18.8% of the DNA sequences) as well as a small amount of the genus Candidatus nitrosoglobus (<0.3%). In summary, the process described here provides an economically viable method to eliminate nitrogen from sewage sludge while achieving higher biogas yields and fewer potential pathogens in the residuals. KW - anaerobic digestion KW - anaerobic microbiomes KW - aerobic sludge activation KW - 16S rRNA sequencing KW - water treatment Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation9050471 SN - 2311-5637 VL - 9 IS - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Assafo, Maryam A1 - Städter, Jost Philipp A1 - Meisel, Tenia A1 - Langendörfer, Peter T1 - On the Stability and Homogeneous Ensemble of Feature Selection for Predictive Maintenance: A Classification Application for Tool Condition Monitoring in Milling T2 - Sensors N2 - Feature selection (FS) represents an essential step for many machine learning-based predictive maintenance (PdM) applications, including various industrial processes, components, and monitoring tasks. The selected features not only serve as inputs to the learning models but also can influence further decisions and analysis, e.g., sensor selection and understandability of the PdM system. Hence, before deploying the PdM system, it is crucial to examine the reproducibility and robustness of the selected features under variations in the input data. This is particularly critical for real-world datasets with a low sample-to-dimension ratio (SDR). However, to the best of our knowledge, stability of the FS methods under data variations has not been considered yet in the field of PdM. This paper addresses this issue with an application to tool condition monitoring in milling, where classifiers based on support vector machines and random forest were employed. We used a five-fold cross-validation to evaluate three popular filter-based FS methods, namely Fisher score, minimum redundancy maximum relevance (mRMR), and ReliefF, in terms of both stability and macro-F1. Further, for each method, we investigated the impact of the homogeneous FS ensemble on both performance indicators. To gain broad insights, we used four (2:2) milling datasets obtained from our experiments and NASA’s repository, which differ in the operating conditions, sensors, SDR, number of classes, etc. For each dataset, the study was conducted for two individual sensors and their fusion. Among the conclusions: (1) Different FS methods can yield comparable macro-F1 yet considerably different FS stability values. (2) Fisher score (single and/or ensemble) is superior in most of the cases. (3) mRMR’s stability is overall the lowest, the most variable over different settings (e.g., sensor(s), subset cardinality), and the one that benefits the most from the ensemble. KW - classification KW - feature selection KW - homogeneous feature selection ensemble KW - predictive maintenance KW - milling KW - sensor fusion KW - stability of feature selection KW - tool condition monitoring Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/s23094461 SN - 1424-8220 VL - 23 IS - 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Averkov, Gennadiy A1 - Borger, Christopher A1 - Soprunov, Ivan T1 - Classification of Triples of Lattice Polytopes with a Given Mixed Volume T2 - Discrete & Computational Geometry N2 - We present an algorithm for the classification of triples of lattice polytopes with a given mixed volume m in dimension 3. It is known that the classification can be reduced to the enumeration of so-called irreducible triples, the number of which is finite for fixed m. Following this algorithm, we enumerate all irreducible triples of normalized mixed volume up to 4 that are inclusion-maximal. This produces a classification of generic trivariate sparse polynomial systems with up to 4 solutions in the complex torus, up to monomial changes of variables. By a recent result of Esterov, this leads to a description of all generic trivariate sparse polynomial systems that are solvable by radicals. KW - Bernstein–Khovanskii–Kouchnirenko theorem KW - Classification KW - Lattice polytope KW - Mixed volume KW - Newton polytope KW - Sparse polynomial systems Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00454-020-00246-4 SN - 0179-5376 SN - 1432-0444 VL - 66 IS - 1 SP - 165 EP - 202 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Buß, Lars A1 - Braud, Nicolas A1 - Ewert, Moritz A1 - Jugovac, Matteo A1 - Menteş, Tevfik Onur A1 - Locatelli, Andrea A1 - Falta, Jens A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo T1 - Unraveling van der Waals epitaxy: A real-time in-situ study of MoSe2 growth on graphene/Ru(0001) T2 - Ultramicroscopy N2 - In the present work we investigate the growth of monolayer MoSe2 on selenium-intercalated graphene on Ru(0001), a model layered heterostructure combining a transition metal dichalcogenide with graphene, using low energy electron microscopy and micro-diffraction. Real-time observation of MoSe2 on graphene growth reveals the island nucleation dynamics at the nanoscale. Upon annealing, larger islands are formed by sliding and attachment of multiple nanometer-sized MoSe2 flakes. Local micro-spot angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy reveals the electronic structure of the heterostructure, indicating that no charge transfer occurs within adjacent layers. The observed behavior is attributed to intercalation of Se at the graphene/Ru(0001) interface. The unperturbed nature of the proposed heterostructure therefore renders it as a model system for investigations of graphene supported TMD nanostructures. KW - Graphene KW - transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) KW - angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) KW - Heterostructures KW - low energy electron microscopy (LEEM) KW - low energy electron diffraction (LEED) Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultramic.2023.113749 SN - 0304-3991 SN - 1879-2723 VL - 250 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kedia, Mayank A1 - Rai, Monika A1 - Phirke, Himanshu A1 - Aranda, Clara A. A1 - Das, Chittaranjan A1 - Chirvony, Vladimir A1 - Boehringer, Stephan A1 - Kot, Małgorzata A1 - Malekshahi Byranvand, Mahdi A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo A1 - Redinger, Alex A1 - Saliba, Michael T1 - Light Makes Right: Laser Polishing for Surface Modification of Perovskite Solar Cells T2 - ACS Energy Letters N2 - Interface engineering is a common strategy for passivating surface defects to attain open circuit voltages (Voc) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In this work, we introduce the concept of polishing a perovskite thin-film surface using a nanosecond (ns) pulsed ultraviolet laser to reduce surface defects, such as dangling bonds, undesirable phases, and suboptimal stoichiometry. A careful control of laser energy and scanning speed improves the photophysical properties of the surface without compromising the thickness. Using laser polishing, a Voc of 1.21 V is achieved for planar PSCs with a triple cation composition, showing an improved perovskite/hole transport interface by mitigating surface recombination losses. We measure an efficiency boost from 18.0% to 19.3% with improved stability of up to 1000 h. The results open the door to a new class of surface modification using lasers for interface passivation in well-controllable, automated, scalable, and solvent-free surface treatments. KW - Perovskite solar cells KW - laser polishing KW - perovskite/hole transport interface KW - surface defects KW - recombination losses Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.3c00469 SN - 2380-8195 VL - 8 SP - 2603 EP - 2610 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grandas Tavera, Carlos Eduardo A1 - Nitsch, Antonia A1 - Machaček, Jan T1 - A 1D Hypoplastic constitutive model for expansive soils T2 - Acta Geotechnica N2 - This paper presents a simple hypoplastic constitutive model that describes the essential features of the material behaviour of partially saturated clayey soils observed in oedometric compression tests. The model is formulated in terms of net stress and degree of saturation. The total strain rate is decomposed into a portion related to the changes in saturation and a portion for the evolution of net stress. However, no distinction is made between plastic and elastic strains. With this strain rate decomposition, the maximum swelling strain/stress are obtained by simulating wetting processes under constant stress/strain conditions. In addition to the void ratio, the model includes two scalar variables to track the loading history (preloading). The calibration of the model constants using common laboratory tests is discussed. Confined and unconfined swelling tests under oedometric conditions with subsequent loading and unloading phases carried out on three different materials were satisfactorily simulated by the model. Its promising results call for an extension to a 3D formulation. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11440-022-01548-y SN - 1861-1133 SN - 1861-1125 VL - 17 SP - 4313 EP - 4331 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pomp, Caron A1 - Zundel, Stefan T1 - Der Informationsgehalt von Indikatoren des Technologietransfers in peripheren Regionen T2 - List Forum für Wirtschafts- und Finanzpolitik N2 - An Hochschulen wird vermehrt die Erwartung herangetragen, einen Beitrag zu regionalen Wirtschaftsentwicklung zu leisten. In diesem Kontext, der oft als Teil der so genannten Third Mission angesehen wird, wird auch gefordert, Output und Wirkung des Technologietransfers auf die regionale Wirtschaft durch Indikatoren möglichst gut zu erfassen. Eine Literaturauswertung liefert eine Liste jener Indikatoren, die in der Literatur zu diesem Zweck häufig angeführt werden. Diese Indikatoren können den Erfolg von Transferleistungen aber nur beschränkt abbilden, weil es eine Vielzahl von intermittierenden Faktoren gibt, die die Wirkung einer Hochschule auf die sie umgebende regionale Wirtschaft beeinflussen. Darüber hinaus muss eine schwache Performance von Hochschulen im Technologietransfer in peripheren Regionen nicht die mangelnde Leistungsfähigkeit einer dieser Hochschule signalisieren. Dafür können auch strukturelle Bindungsprobleme zur umgebenden Region und die fehlende Absorptionsfähigkeit der regionalen Wirtschaft verantwortlich sein. KW - Technologietransfer KW - Wirkungsmessung KW - Indikatoren KW - Periphere Regionen KW - Technology transfer KW - Impact measurement KW - Indicators KW - Peripheral regions Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s41025-020-00193-1 SN - 0937-0862 SN - 2364-3943 VL - 46 IS - 1 SP - 35 EP - 54 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Striteska, Maja A1 - Chovanec, Martin A1 - Steinmetzer, Tobias A1 - Chrobok, Viktor A1 - Profant, Oliver A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Kremlacek, Jan A1 - Valis, Martin T1 - Binocular video head impulse test: Normative data study T2 - Frontiers in Neurology N2 - Introduction The video head impulse test (vHIT) evaluates the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR). It’s usually recorded from only one eye. Newer vHIT devices allow a binocular quantification of the VOR. Purpose (Aim) To investigate the advantages of simultaneously recorded binocular vHIT (bvHIT) to detect the differences between the VOR gains of the adducting and the abducting eye, to define the most precise VOR measure, and to assess gaze dys/conjugacy. We aimed to establish normative values for bvHIT adducting/abducting eye VOR gains and to introduce the VOR dysconjugacy ratio (vorDR) between adducting and abducting eyes for bvHIT. Methods We enrolled 44 healthy adult participants in a cross-sectional, prospective study using a repeated-measures design to assess test–retest reliability. A binocular EyeSeeCam Sci 2 device was used to simultaneously record bvHIT from both eyes during impulsive head stimulation in the horizontal plane. Results Pooled bvHIT retest gains of the adducting eye significantly exceeded those of the abducting eye (mean (SD): 1.08 (SD = 0.06), 0.95 (SD = 0.06), respectively). Both adduction and abduction gains showed similar variability, suggesting comparable precision and therefore equal suitability for VOR asymmetry assessment. The pooled vorDR here introduced to bvHIT was 1.13 (SD = 0.05). The test–retest repeatability coefficient was 0.06. Conclusion Our study provides normative values reflecting the conjugacy of eye movement responses to horizontal bvHIT in healthy participants. The results were similar to a previous study using the gold-standard scleral search coil, which also reported greater VOR gains in the adducting than in the abducting eye. In analogy to the analysis of saccade conjugacy, we propose the use of a novel bvHIT dysconjugacy ratio to assess dys/conjugacy of VOR-induced eye movements. In addition, to accurately assess VOR asymmetry, and to avoid directional gain preponderance between adduction and abduction VOR-induced eye movements leading to monocular vHIT bias, we recommend using a binocular ductional VOR asymmetry index that compares the VOR gains of only the abduction or only the adduction movements of both eyes. KW - binocular video head impulse test KW - conjugate gaze KW - adduction KW - abduction KW - ductional VOR asymmetry index KW - dysconjugacy ratio KW - monocular VOR asymmetry index KW - vestibuloocular reflex Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2023.1153102 SN - 1664-2295 VL - 14 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Borcia, Rodica A1 - Popescu, Sebastian A1 - Borcia, Ion-Dan T1 - IMA10: interfacial fluid dynamics and processes T2 - European Physical Journal Special Topics N2 - MA10–special issue presents recent advances on interfacial fluid dynamics with applications in microfluidics, biology, engineering and geophysics. KW - Fluid Dynamics KW - Instabilities Droplets Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1140/epjs/s11734-023-00798-5 SN - 1951-6401 SN - 1951-6355 VL - 232 IS - 4 SP - 365 EP - 366 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krause, Norman A1 - Wachs, Sebastian A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Schubarth, Wilfried T1 - Dem Hass entgeg(n)en – Eine qualitative Studie zu den Interventionsstrategien, -zielen und -effekten durch pädagogisches Schulpersonal bei Hatespeech in der Schule. T2 - Zeitschrift für Pädagogik N2 - Bisher ist wenig darüber bekannt, wie Schulen mit Hatespeech unter Schüler*innen umgehen. Die vorliegende Untersuchung soll einen ersten Überblick über die Interventionsstrategien, -ziele und -effekte des Schulpersonals bei Hatespeech in der Schule geben. Dazu wurden 46 episodische Interviews mit Schüler*innen (n = 21), Lehrkräften (n = 16) und anderem pädagogischen Schulpersonal (n = 9) aus Berlin und Brandenburg ausgewertet. Im Ergebnis konnten acht Strategien klassifiziert werden (Bestrafungen, polizeiliche und juristische Maßnahmen, Instruktionen, Einbezug der Eltern, Einbezug anderer Schulakteur*innen, Mediationen, partizipativ-integrative Verhandlungen, schulexterne Projekt- und Trainingsangebote), denen jeweils Interventionsziele und berichtete Effekte zugeordnet werden konnten. Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede mit Erkenntnissen aus der Mobbingforschung und Implikationen für die Schulpraxis sowie für weitere Forschung werden diskutiert. KW - Hatespeech KW - Intervention KW - Schule KW - Lehrkräfte KW - Diskriminierung Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.beltz.de/fachmedien/erziehungswissenschaft/zeitschriften/zeitschrift_fuer_paedagogik/artikel/51222-dem-hass-entgegnen.html U6 - https://doi.org/10.3262/ZP2303310 SN - 0044-3247 VL - 69 IS - 3 SP - 310 EP - 332 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mappas, Vassileios A1 - Vassiliadis, Vassilios S. A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Automated Control Loop Selection Via Multistage Optimal Control Formulation and Nonlinear Programming T2 - Chemical Engineering Research and Design N2 - In this work, a novel approach based on the multistage optimal control formulation of the control loop selection problem is introduced. Currently, state-of-the-art approaches for controller loop design have been focused on data that yield only the pairings between input-output variables, and are not able to incorporate path and end-point constraints. Thus, they only produce the optimal loops for control purposes, without the simultaneous consideration of their optimal tuning. This formulation overcomes these drawbacks by producing an automated integrated solution for the task of control loop design, which also obviates the need for any form of combinatorial optimisastion to be used. To illustrate the procedure, as well as the advantages of the proposed scheme, different practical case studies are discussed and the results compared with those obtained with standard controller loop selection methods and their tuning. The results of the proposed approach show improved performance over previous methodologies found in the literature. Furthermore, the framework is extended to the selection of the control loops that must obey path and end-point constraints imposed by the underlying dynamical process. This task is usually difficult for classical methods, which violate them or exhibit underdamped response in some cases. KW - control loop selection KW - controller tuning KW - feasible path approach KW - multistage integer nonlinear optimal control problem (MSINOCP) KW - dynamic constraints Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2023.05.041 SN - 1744-3563 VL - 195 SP - 76 EP - 95 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berger, Wolfram A1 - Kreutzer, Fabian T1 - Does Offshoring Boost Productivity? A Comparison of SMEs and Large Firms for Germany T2 - Economics and Business Letters N2 - We use plant-level evidence for Germany to explore the productivity effects of offshoring of small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) and compare them to those derived for a sample of large German companies. SMEs usually face tighter resource constraints than larger companies, thus making it harder for them to reap the potential productivity gains associated with offshoring. We find evidence for the group of SMEs that plants that offshore business activities tend to be among the more productive ones, ex ante. However, offshoring plants lose this edge over their non-offshoring counterparts. The initial productivity gap is reversed, and the productivity of offshoring plants lags behind even several years after off-shoring has actually taken place. Neither observation can be confirmed for large companies. KW - Offshoring KW - SME KW - Productivity KW - Difference-in-difference analysis Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.17811/ebl.11.2.2022.46-52 SN - 2254-4380 VL - 11 IS - 2 SP - 46 EP - 52 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dermody, Janine A1 - Nagase, Yoko A1 - Berger, Wolfram T1 - Theorising self-repairers’ worldview-personhood to advance new thinking on extended product lifetimes T2 - International Journal of Consumer Studies N2 - The ecological and societal problems caused by product obsolescence and consumerism in modern economies constitute a “wicked human-made problem” of significant magnitude. Current (old) ways of thinking cannot address these problems. Accordingly, in this paper, we critically explore the novel idea of integrated personhood and worldviews to theorize research on self-repairers and their repair behaviours to extend product lifetimes. We conducted a structured and systematic review of published work (n = 183) to identify the conceptual content of the field to inform our theorization. Our findings highlight three key issues. First, constricted theorization undermines understanding of self-repairers and their product lifetime extension (and spillover) behaviours. Second, the underlying conceptual complexity is typically underestimated. Third, the dominance of voluntarist and deterministic studies impedes new directions in research. From our review, an integrated worldview–personhood framework emerges that can deepen understanding of avant-garde self-repairers’ engagement with product lifetimes. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.12582 VL - 44 IS - 5 SP - 435 EP - 444 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berger, Wolfram A1 - Hokamp, Sascha A1 - Seibold, Götz T1 - Dynamic behavioral changes in an agent-based econophysics tax compliance model. Bomb-crater versus target effects and efficient audit strategies T2 - Journal of Public Finance and Public Choice N2 - We investigate an inhomogeneous Ising model in the context of tax evasion dynamics where different types of agents are parametrised via local temperatures and magnetic fields. Our work focuses on the dynamic behavioural change of agents after an audit which either corresponds to a temporal reduction or enhancement of compliance and is also known under the terms 'bomb crater' and 'target effect', respectively. We analyse this effect for different types of agents: endogenously non-compliant types, agents that have the tendency to copy (non-)compliant behaviour from their social environment, ethical agents with strong endogenous morale attitudes and random types that show large uctuations between compliant and non-compliant behaviour. Each type in uences the overall tax evasion differently, and interestingly, our model predicts that increasing the audit probability can have the counterintuitive effect of increasing tax evasion under certain circumstances. We analyse audit strategies that can suppress this effect and thus contribute to the burgeoning literature on the actual impact of tax audits. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1332/251569120X15840237292628 SN - 2515-6926 VL - 36 IS - 1 SP - 3 EP - 24 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schütz, Raphael A1 - Bilz, Ludwig T1 - Einsamkeit im Kindes- und Jugendalter. Zur Verbreitung eines Risikofaktors für die psychische Gesundheit unter 11- bis 15-jährigen deutschen Schülerinnen und Schülern T2 - Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz N2 - Hintergrund Einsamkeit ist sowohl im öffentlichen als auch im wissenschaftlichen Diskurs ein zunehmend präsentes Thema. Es liegen inzwischen zahlreiche Forschungsergebnisse zur Verbreitung und zu den gesundheitsbezogenen Zusammenhängen von Einsamkeit bei Erwachsenen vor. Zur Einsamkeit im Kindes- und Jugendalter gibt es für Deutschland nur wenige Erkenntnisse. Vor diesem Hintergrund stellt dieser Beitrag Befunde zur Verbreitung von Einsamkeit bei 11- bis 15-jährigen deutschen Schüler*innen vor und untersucht Zusammenhänge mit soziodemographischen Merkmalen. Methoden Die Studie „Health Behaviour in School-aged Children“ (HBSC) ist eine globale Forschungskooperation unter Schirmherrschaft der Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO). In Brandenburg erfasste die Studie Daten von 3819 Kindern und Jugendlichen an allgemeinbildenden Schulen in den Klassenstufen 5, 7 und 9 (MAlter = 13,5, SD = 1,6). Einsamkeit wurde anhand der University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) Loneliness Scale und eines Einzelitems erhoben. Ergebnisse 13,2 % der Befragten gaben an, sich „meistens“ einsam zu fühlen, „immer“ einsam fühlten sich 3,6 %. Einsamkeit war stärker ausgeprägt bei Mädchen, bei Schüler*innen mit der Geschlechtszuschreibung „divers“ sowie bei älteren Heranwachsenden und bei Kindern und Jugendlichen mit niedrigerem sozioökonomischen Status. Diskussion Die Befunde weisen darauf hin, dass Einsamkeit bei Kindern und Jugendlichen ein weit verbreitetes Phänomen ist. Dass sich Mädchen, ältere Schüler*innen sowie Kinder und Jugendliche mit geringerem familiären Wohlstand einsamer fühlen, stimmt mit Ergebnissen aus anderen Ländern überein und liefert Ansatzpunkte für die Planung von Präventionsmaßnahmen. Es bedarf in Deutschland weiterer Forschung zu möglichen gesundheitsbezogenen Zusammenhängen von Einsamkeit. KW - Einsamkeit KW - Kinder KW - Jugendliche KW - UCLA Loneliness Scale KW - HBSC Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-023-03728-x SN - 1436-9990 SN - 1437-1588 VL - 66 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rakhi, Rakhi A1 - Günther, Vivien A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - Insights into dry reforming of methane over nickel catalyst using a thermodynamic model T2 - Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis N2 - A thermodynamic model is developed using a one-dimensional model, LOGEcat to understand the dry reforming of methane over nickel-based catalysts. To do so, we have extended our previously developed mechanism (Rakhi and Shrestha in React Kinet, Mech Catal 135:3059–3083, 2022) which contains 21 reversible reactions by adding 5 more reversible reactions and updating the thermochemistry of one intermediate species. The adjusted mechanism contains 26 reversible reactions obtained with the help of thermodynamic analysis. This study focuses on using the thermodynamic model for dry reforming of methane and insights into the reaction pathways and sensitivity analysis for the kinetically consistent surface reaction mechanism. The applicability of the mechanism is examined for reactor conditions in terms of parameters such as temperature by comparing the results with the available reference data. The mechanism is able to accurately express the reforming conditions of methane over the nickel catalyst for complete range of temperature and also provide useful insights into the reaction pathways established with the thermodynamic model. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11144-023-02426-8 SN - 1878-5204 SN - 1878-5190 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Szabo, Peter A1 - Gaillard, Yann A1 - Zaussinger, Florian A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Thermo-electrohydrodynamic convection in a differentially heated shell with electric central force field T2 - Proceedings in applied mathematics and mechanics : PAMM Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.202200121 SN - 1617-7061 N1 - 92nd Annual Meeting of the International Association of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics (GAMM) VL - 23 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - John, Stefan A1 - Kosiol, Jens A1 - Lambers, Leen A1 - Taentzer, Gabriele T1 - A graph-based framework for model-driven optimization facilitating impact analysis of mutation operator properties T2 - Software and Systems Modeling N2 - Optimization problems in software engineering typically deal with structures as they occur in the design and maintenance of software systems. In model-driven optimization (MDO), domain-specific models are used to represent these structures while evolutionary algorithms are often used to solve optimization problems. However, designing appropriate models and evolutionary algorithms to represent and evolve structures is not always straightforward. Domain experts often need deep knowledge of how to configure an evolutionary algorithm. This makes the use of model-driven meta-heuristic search difficult and expensive. We present a graph-based framework for MDO that identifies and clarifies core concepts and relies on mutation operators to specify evolutionary change. This framework is intended to help domain experts develop and study evolutionary algorithms based on domain-specific models and operators. In addition, it can help in clarifying the critical factors for conducting reproducible experiments in MDO. Based on the framework, we are able to take a first step toward identifying and studying important properties of evolutionary operators in the context of MDO. As a showcase, we investigate the impact of soundness and completeness at the level of mutation operator sets on the effectiveness and efficiency of evolutionary algorithms. KW - Search-Based Software Engineering KW - Model-Driven Engineering KW - Evolutionary Computation Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-022-01078-x SN - 1619-1374 VL - 22 SP - 1281 EP - 1318 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwuchow, Sören C. T1 - Organized crime as a link between inequality and corruption T2 - European Journal of Law and Economics N2 - We study a model that establishes a novel theoretical rationale for the empirically well-documented relation between inequality and corruption. According to our model, inequality can nurture corruption by empowering organized crime because collusion between local police forces and criminal organizations is more likely in societies characterized by high inequality or weak security forces. Law enforcement and organized crime have a strong incentive to collude due to efficiency gains from specialization. However, their agreement breaks down when the mobsters can no longer credibly commit to joint rent maximization and thus start to compete with law enforcement for citizens’ wealth. The mobsters then non-violently monopolize the market for extortion by undercutting the police forces, similar to a strategy of predatory pricing. Criminal collusion is thus not very different from its corporate equivalent; hence, similar policy measures should be promising. In addition, our model also suggests that the criminal organization’s higher efficiency in extracting rents has a greater impact when the relative power between law enforcement and organized crime is rather balanced. Accordingly, when violent conflict becomes less predictable, non-violent elements of relative power become more relevant. Our model also allows for the interpretation that in the absence of strong social norms against corruption, organized crime is more difficult to challenge. KW - Inequality KW - Corruption KW - Organized crime KW - Public security Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10657-023-09764-x SN - 0929-1261 VL - 55 IS - 3 SP - 469 EP - 509 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Froeschke, Samuel A1 - Schroth, Karl-Georg A1 - Steiner, Udo A1 - Popov, Alexey A1 - Schiemenz, Sandra A1 - Wolf, Daniel A1 - Giebeler, Lars A1 - Gräßler, Nico A1 - Büchner, Bernd A1 - Schmidt, Peer A1 - Hampel, Silke T1 - Understanding the chemistry of 2D rhodium trihalide solid solutions: tuning of optical properties and nanocrystal deposition T2 - 2D Materials N2 - In the search for novel 2D materials with potentially valuable properties, such as a tunable band gap for optoelectronic or catalytic applications, solid solutions hold the potential to significantly expand the inventory of available 2D nanomaterials. In this study, we present for the first time the synthesis of such 2D rhodium trihalide solid solutions: RhBrxCl3−x and RhBrxI3−x. We use thermodynamic simulations and simultaneous thermal analysis to predict conditions for their rational synthesis and to investigate suitable chemical vapor transport (CVT) parameters for these solid solutions. The evolution of the lattice parameters was investigated by powder x-ray diffraction, showing an isostructural relationship of the synthesized compounds and only minor deviation from Vegard's law. The optical band gap of these materials can be tuned in an energy range from 1.5 eV (RhCl3) to 1.2 eV (RhI3) by choosing the composition of the solid solution, while the samples also exhibit photoluminescence in similar energy ranges. Ultimately, the successful deposition of bulk as well as ultrathin 2D nanocrystals of RhBrxCl3−x by CVT from 925 °C to 850 °C is shown, where the composition of the deposited crystals is precisely controlled by the choice of the starting composition and the initial amount of material. The high quality of the obtained nanocrystals is confirmed by atomic force microscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy and selected area electron diffraction. For RhBrxI3−x, the CVT from 900 °C to 825 °C is more difficult and has only been practically demonstrated for an exemplary case. According to the observed properties, these novel solid solutions and nanocrystals show a great potential for an application in optoelectronic devices. KW - Crystal growth KW - Chemical vapor transport KW - Crystal structure KW - Thermodynamic modeling KW - 2D layered compounds KW - Halides Y1 - 2023 UR - https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2053-1583/acd012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1583/acd012 SN - 2053-1583 VL - 10 IS - 3 SP - 1 EP - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hamede, Mohammed Hussein A1 - Merbold, Sebastian A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Experimental investigation of turbulent counter-rotating Taylor–Couette flows for radius ratio η = 0.1 T2 - Journal of Fluid Mechanics Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2023.392 SN - 1469-7645 VL - 964 SP - A36-1 EP - A36-29 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bestehorn, Michael A1 - Oron, Alexander T1 - Hopf instability of a Rayleigh–Taylor unstable thin film heated from the gas side T2 - European Physical Journal Special Topics N2 - A thin liquid film located on the underside of a horizontal solid substrate can be stabilized by the Marangoni effect if the liquid is heated at its free surface. Applying long-wave approximation and projecting the velocity and temperature fields onto a basis of low-order polynomials, we derive a dimension-reduced set of three coupled evolution equations where nonlinearities of both the Navier–Stokes and the heat equation are included. We find that in a certain range of fluid parameters and layer depth, the first bifurcation from the motionless state is oscillatory which sets in with a finite but small wave number. The oscillatory branch is determined using a linear stability analysis of the long-wave model, but also by solving the linearized original hydrodynamic equations. Finally, numerical solutions of the reduced nonlinear model equations in three spatial dimensions are presented. Y1 - 2023 UR - https://epjst.epj.org/articles/epjst/abs/2023/04/11734_2023_Article_782/11734_2023_Article_782.html U6 - https://doi.org/10.1140/epjs/s11734-023-00782-z SN - 1951-6401 SN - 1951-6355 VL - 232 IS - 4 SP - 367 EP - 374 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mazur, Michał A1 - Kapuścik, Paulina A1 - Weichbrodt, Wiktoria A1 - Domaradzki, Jarosław A1 - Mazur, Piotr A1 - Kot, Małgorzata A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo T1 - WO3 Thin-Film Optical Gas Sensors Based on Gasochromic Effect towards Low Hydrogen Concentrations T2 - Materials N2 - Hydrogen gas sensors have recently attracted increased interest due to the explosive nature of H2 and its strategic importance in the sustainable global energy system. In this paper, the tungsten oxide thin films deposited by innovative gas impulse magnetron sputtering have been investigated in terms of their response to H2. It was found that the most favourable annealing temperature in terms of sensor response value, as well as response and recovery times, was achieved at 673 K. This annealing process caused a change in the WO3 cross-section morphology from a featureless and homogenous form to a rather columnar one, but still maintaining the same surface homogeneity. In addition to that, the full-phase transition from an amorphous to nanocrystalline form occurred with a crystallite size of 23 nm. It was found that the sensor response to only 25 ppm of H2 was equal to 6.3, which is one of the best results presented in the literature so far of WO3 optical gas sensors based on a gasochromic effect. Moreover, the results of the gasochromic effect were correlated with the changes in the extinction coefficient and the concentration of the free charge carriers, which is also a novel approach to the understanding of the gasochromic phenomenon. KW - Tungsten oxide (WO3) KW - gas impulse magnetron sputtering KW - thin film KW - gasochromic properties KW - optical properties KW - annealing KW - optical hydrogen gas sensor Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16103831 SN - 1996-1944 VL - 16 IS - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pożarowska, Emilia A1 - Pleines, Linus A1 - Ewert, Moritz A1 - Prieto, Mauricio J. A1 - Tănase, Liviu Christian A1 - Souza Caldas, Lucas de A1 - Tiwari, Aarti A1 - Schmidt, Thomas A1 - Falta, Jens A1 - Krasovskii, Eugene A1 - Morales, Carlos A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo T1 - Preparation and stability of the hexagonal phase of samarium oxide on Ru(0001) T2 - Ultramicroscopy N2 - We have used low-energy electron microscopy (LEEM), micro-illumination low-energy electron diffraction (µLEED) supported by ab initio calculations, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) to investigate in-situ and in real-time the structural properties of Sm2O3 deposits grown on Ru(0001), a rare-earth metal oxide model catalyst. Our results show that samarium oxide grows in a hexagonal A-Sm2O3 phase on Ru(0001), exhibiting a (0001) oriented-top facet and (113) side facets. Upon annealing, a structural transition from the hexagonal to cubic phase occurs, in which the Sm cations exhibit the +3 oxidation state. The unexpected initial growth in the A-Sm2O3 hexagonal phase and its gradual transition to a mixture with cubic C-Sm2O3 showcases the complexity of the system and the critical role of the substrate in the stabilization of the hexagonal phase, which was previously reported only at high pressures and temperatures for bulk samaria. Besides, these results highlight the potential interactions that Sm could have with other catalytic compounds with respect to the here gathered insights on the preparation conditions and the specific compounds with which it interacts. KW - Samarium oxide (Sm2O3) KW - low-energy electron microscopy (LEEM) KW - X-ray photoemission electron microscopy (XPEEM) KW - Facets KW - Epitaxy KW - Hexagonal phase Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultramic.2023.113755 SN - 0304-3991 SN - 1879-2723 VL - 250 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Labarbe, Joris A1 - Le Gal, Patrice A1 - Harlander, Uwe A1 - Le Dizès, Stéphane A1 - Favier, Benjamin T1 - Localized layers of turbulence in stratified horizontally sheared Poiseuille flow T2 - Fluid Dynamics Y1 - 2023 UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2207.09131 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Harlander, Uwe A1 - Sukhanovskii, Andrei A1 - Abide, Stéphane A1 - Borcia, Ion-Dan A1 - Popova, Elene A1 - Rodda, Costanza A1 - Vasiliev, Andrei A1 - Vincze, Miklos T1 - New Laboratory Experiments to Study the Large-Scale Circulation and Climate Dynamics T2 - Atmosphere N2 - The large-scale flows of the oceans and the atmosphere are driven by a non-uniform surface heating over latitude, and rotation. For many years scientists try to understand these flows by doing laboratory experiments. In the present paper we discuss two rather new laboratory experiments designed to study certain aspects of the atmospheric circulation. One of the experiments, the differentially heated rotating annulus at the Brandenburg University of Technology (BTU) Cottbus, has a cooled inner cylinder and a heated outer wall. However, the structure of the atmospheric meridional circulation motivates a variation of this “classical” design. In the second experiment described, operational at the Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics (ICMM) in Perm, heating and cooling is performed at different vertical levels that resembles more the atmospheric situation. Recent results of both experiments are presented and discussed. Differences and consistencies are highlighted. Though many issues are still open we conclude that both setups have their merits. The variation with heating and cooling at different levels might be more suited to study processes in the transition zone between pure rotating convection and the zone of westerly winds. On the other hand, the simpler boundary conditions of the BTU experiment make this experiment easier to control. Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/14/5/836 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14050836 VL - 14 IS - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maltese Meletti de Oliveira, Gabriel A1 - Abide, Stéphane A1 - Viazzo, Stephane A1 - Harlander, Uwe T1 - A parameter study of strato-rotational low-frequency modulations: impacts on momentum transfer and energy distribution T2 - Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society : Series A, Mathematical, physical and engineering sciences Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2022.0297 SN - 1364-503X SN - 1471-2962 VL - 381 IS - 2246 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Merbold, Sebastian A1 - Hamede, Mohammed Hussein A1 - Froitzheim, Andreas A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Flow regimes in a very wide-gap Taylo-Couette flow with counter rotating cylinders T2 - Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society : Series A, Mathematical, physical and engineering sciences Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2022.0113 SN - 1364-503X SN - 1471-2962 VL - 381 IS - 2246 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hamede, Mohammed Hussein A1 - Merbold, Sebastian A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Experimental methods for investigating the formation of flow patterns in a very wide gap Taylor-Couette flow ($\eta=0.1$) T2 - tm - Technisches Messen Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/teme-2022-0107 SN - 2196-7113 VL - 90 IS - 5 SP - 332 EP - 339 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Merbold, Sebastian A1 - Hasanuzzaman, Gazi A1 - Buchwald, Tom A1 - Schunk, Christoph A1 - Schmeling, Daniel A1 - Volkmann, André A1 - Brinkema, Robert A1 - Hampel, Uwe A1 - Schröder, Andreas A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Reference experiment on aerosol particle transport for dynamic situations T2 - tm - Technisches Messen Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/teme-2022-0118 SN - 2196-7113 VL - 90 IS - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Markova-Nenova, Nonka A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Sturm, Astrid T1 - Optimizing agri-environment schemes for cost-effectiveness, fairness or both? T2 - Q Open : a journal of agricultural, climate, environmental, food, resource, and rural development economics Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/qopen/qoad005 SN - 2633-9048 VL - 3 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bergholz, Andreas A1 - Jaehn, Philipp A1 - Böckmann, Robert A1 - Reibis, Rona A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Rapp, Michael A. A1 - Ritter, Oliver A1 - Demmerer, Niklas A1 - Holmberg, Christine T1 - Erreichbarkeit der kardiologischen Versorgungsinfrastruktur im Bundesland Brandenburg in Abhängigkeit vom lokalen Versorgungsbedarfs T2 - Das Gesundheitswesen N2 - Ziel der Studie Im bundesweiten Vergleich weist Brandenburg eine der höchsten Morbiditäts- und Mortalitätsraten ischämischer Herzerkrankungen auf. Die Erreichbarkeit der medizinischen Versorgungsinfrastruktur gilt dabei als eine Erklärungsmöglichkeit für regionale gesundheitliche Ungleichheit. Demnach verfolgt die Studie das Ziel, die Distanzen zu verschiedenen Versorgungsarten der kardiologischen Versorgung auf Gemeindeebene zu berechnen und diese im Zusammenhang mit dem lokalen Versorgungsbedarf zu betrachten. Methodik Präventive Sportangebote, Hausärzte, kardiologische Praxen, Krankenhäuser mit Herzkatheterlabor und Einrichtungen ambulanter Rehabilitation wurden als wesentliche Einrichtungen für die kardiologische Versorgung herangezogen und kartiert. Daraufhin wurden die Distanzen über das Straßenverkehrsnetz vom Mittelpunkt jeder Brandenburger Gemeinde zum nächsten Standort der jeweiligen Versorgungseinrichtung berechnet und in Quintile eingeteilt. Mediane und Interquartilsabstände des deutschen sozioökonomischen Deprivationsindex und des Anteils der Bevölkerung über 65 Jahre wurden als Proxys für den Versorgungsbedarf herangezogen und mit den Distanzquintilen je Versorgungsart in Zusammenhang gesetzt. Ergebnisse Für 60% der Brandenburger Gemeinden sind Hausärzte innerhalb von 2,5 km, präventive Sportangebote innerhalb von 19,6 km, kardiologische Praxen innerhalb von 18,3 km, Krankenhäuser mit Herzkatheterlabor innerhalb von 22,7 km und Einrichtungen ambulanter Rehabilitation innerhalb von 14,7 km erreichbar. Der Median des deutschen Deprivationsindexes steigt bei allen Versorgungsarten mit zunehmender Distanz an. Der Median des Anteils über 65-Jähriger zeigt keine nennenswerte Variation zwischen den Distanzquintilen. Schlussfolgerung Die Ergebnisse zeigen für hohe Bevölkerungsanteile teilweise große Distanzen zu spezialisierten kardiologischen Versorgungsangeboten, während hausärztliche Praxen für einen hohen Anteil erreichbar scheinen. In Brandenburg scheint eine regionale und an lokalen Bedarfen orientierte sektorenübergreifende Versorgung notwendig. KW - kardiologische Versorgung KW - Erreichbarkeit KW - Bundesland Brandenburg KW - lokaler Versorgungsbedarf KW - sektorenübergreifende Versorgung KW - GIS Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.thieme-connect.de/products/ejournals/abstract/10.1055/a-2075-7748 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2075-7748 SN - 1439-4421 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Friedrich, Maximilian U. A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Buerklein, Miriam A1 - Taeger, Johannes A1 - Hartig, Johannes A1 - Volkmann, Jens A1 - Peach, Robert A1 - Zeller, Daniel T1 - Smartphone video nystagmography using convolutional neural networks: ConVNG T2 - Journal of Neurology N2 - Eye movement abnormalities are commonplace in neurological disorders. However, unaided eye movement assessments lack granularity. Although videooculography (VOG) improves diagnostic accuracy, resource intensiveness precludes its broad use. To bridge this care gap, we here validate a framework for smartphone video-based nystagmography capitalizing on recent computer vision advances. Methods A convolutional neural network was fine-tuned for pupil tracking using > 550 annotated frames: ConVNG. In a cross-sectional approach, slow-phase velocity of optokinetic nystagmus was calculated in 10 subjects using ConVNG and VOG. Equivalence of accuracy and precision was assessed using the “two one-sample t-test” (TOST) and Bayesian interval-null approaches. ConVNG was systematically compared to OpenFace and MediaPipe as computer vision (CV) benchmarks for gaze estimation. Results ConVNG tracking accuracy reached 9–15% of an average pupil diameter. In a fully independent clinical video dataset, ConVNG robustly detected pupil keypoints (median prediction confidence 0.85). SPV measurement accuracy was equivalent to VOG (TOST p < 0.017; Bayes factors (BF) > 24). ConVNG, but not MediaPipe, achieved equivalence to VOG in all SPV calculations. Median precision was 0.30°/s for ConVNG, 0.7°/s for MediaPipe and 0.12°/s for VOG. ConVNG precision was significantly higher than MediaPipe in vertical planes, but both algorithms’ precision was inferior to VOG. Conclusions ConVNG enables offline smartphone video nystagmography with an accuracy comparable to VOG and significantly higher precision than MediaPipe, a benchmark computer vision application for gaze estimation. This serves as a blueprint for highly accessible tools with potential to accelerate progress toward precise and personalized Medicine. KW - Digital medicine KW - Nystagmus KW - Eye movement disorders KW - Videooculography KW - Computer vision KW - Telemedicine KW - Precision medicine Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-022-11493-1 SN - 1432-1459 VL - 270 SP - 2518 EP - 2530 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ramaioli, Cecilia A1 - Steinmetzer, Tobias A1 - Brietzke, Adrian A1 - Meyer, Paul A1 - Pham Xuan, Rebecca A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Gorges, Martin T1 - Assessment of vestibulo-ocular reflex and its adaptation during stop-and-go car rides in motion sickness susceptible passengers T2 - Experimental Brain Research N2 - Motion sickness is a physiological condition that negatively impacts a person's comfort and will be an emerging condition in autonomous vehicles without proper countermeasures. The vestibular system plays a key role in the origin of motion sickness. Understanding the susceptibility and (mal) adaptive mechanisms of the highly integrated vestibular system is a prerequisite for the development of countermeasures. We hypothesize a differential association between motion sickness and vestibular function in healthy individuals with and without susceptibility for motion sickness. We quantified vestibular function by measuring the high-frequency vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) using video head impulse testing (vHIT) in 17 healthy volunteers before and after a 11 min motion sickness-inducing naturalistic stop-and-go car ride on a test track (Dekra Test Oval, Klettwitz, Germany). The cohort was classified as motion sickness susceptible (n = 11) and non-susceptible (n = 6). Six (out of 11) susceptible participants developed nausea symptoms, while a total of nine participants were free of these symptoms. The VOR gain (1) did not differ significantly between participant groups with (n = 8) and without motion sickness symptoms (n = 9), (2) did not differ significantly in the factor time before and after the car ride, and showed no interaction between symptom groups and time, as indicated by a repeated measures ANOVA (F(1,15) = 2.19, p = 0.16. Bayesian inference confirmed that there was “anecdotal evidence” for equality of gain rather than difference across groups and time (BF10 < 0.77). Our results suggest that individual differences in VOR measures or adaptation to motion sickness provocative stimuli during naturalistic stop-and-go driving cannot predict motion sickness susceptibility or the likelihood of developing motion sickness. KW - Video head impulse test KW - Vestibulo-ocular reflex KW - Adaptation KW - Motion sickness KW - Stop-and-go car ride Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00221-023-06619-4 SN - 1432-1106 SN - 0014-4819 VL - 241 IS - 6 SP - 1523 EP - 1531 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wasilewski, Eric A1 - Doynov, Nikolay A1 - Ossenbrink, Ralf A1 - Michailov, Vesselin T1 - Investigations on the thermal conditions during laser beam welding of high-strength steel 100Cr6 T2 - Advances in Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering N2 - This study examines the thermal conditions during laser beam welding of 100Cr6 high-strength steel using a TruDisk5000 disc laser with a continuous adjustable power range of 100–5000 W. Two parameter sets, characterized by laser power and welding speeds, were analyzed by thermal-metallurgical FE simulations to determine their impact on the thermal conditions during welding. The results show a significant shift in heat coupling, with conduction transitioning to deep penetration welding. As a result of the high welding speeds and reduced energy input, extremely high heating rates up to 2∙104 K s−1 (set A) respectively 4∙105 K s−1 (set B) occur. Both welds thus concern a range of temperature state values for which conventional Time-Temperature-Austenitization (TTA) diagrams are currently not defined, requiring calibration of the material models through general assumptions. Also, the change in energy input and welding speed causes significantly steep temperature gradients with a slope of approximately 5∙103 K mm−1 and strong drops in the temperature rates, particularly in the heat affected zone. The temperature cycles also show very different cooling rates for the respective parameter sets, although in both cases they are well below a cooling time t8/5 of 1 s, so that the phase transformation always leads to the formation of martensite. Since the investigated parameters are known to cause a loss of technological strength and conditionally result in cold cracks, these results will be used for further detailed experimental and numerical investigation of microstructure, hydrogen distribution, and stress-strain development at different restraint conditions. KW - laser beam welding KW - welding temperature field KW - temperature rates KW - thermal-metallurgical FE simulation KW - high-strength steel Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666912923000077 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aime.2023.100118 SN - 2666-9129 VL - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Damptey, Frederick Gyasi A1 - Djoudi, El Aziz A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Effects of post-mining forest restoration and alternative land uses on ground-dwelling arthropods in Ghana T2 - Community Ecology Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s42974-023-00144-8 SN - 1588-2756 VL - 24 SP - 215 EP - 228 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Khum, Warbota A1 - Košulič, Ondřej A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Michalko, Radek T1 - The invasive pathogenic fungus Hymenoscyphus fraxineus alters predator–herbivore–ash food webs. T2 - Biological Invasions Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-022-02900-9 SN - 1573-1464 SN - 1387-3547 IS - 25 SP - 125 EP - 131 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Garcia de la Riva, Enrique A1 - Ulrich, Werner A1 - Batáry, Péter A1 - Baudry, Julia A1 - Beaumelle, Léa A1 - Bucher, Roman A1 - Čerevková, Andrea A1 - Felipe-Lucia, Maria R. A1 - Gallé, Robert A1 - Kesse-Guyot, Emmanuelle A1 - Rembiałkowska, Ewa A1 - Rusch, Adrien A1 - Seufert, Verena A1 - Stanley, Dara A. A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - From functional diversity to human well-being: A conceptual framework for agroecosystem sustainability T2 - Agricultural Systems Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2023.103659 SN - 1873-2267 SN - 0308-521X VL - 208 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Blokker, Johanna T1 - Heritage Conservation and Digitality T2 - Forum Stadt : Vierteljahreszeitschrift für Stadtgeschichte, Stadtsoziologie, Denkmalpflege und Stadtentwicklung Y1 - 2016 UR - https://forumstadtverlag.de/wp-content/uploads/simple-file-list/43-Forum-Stadt-2-2016_Denkmalpflege-als-Zukunftsprinzip.pdf SN - 2192-8924 VL - 43 IS - 2 SP - 189 EP - 206 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dong-Han, Lee A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Sang-Yeon, Lee A1 - Kim, Ji-Soo A1 - Koo, Ja-Won T1 - Objective measurement of HINTS (Head Impulse, Nystagmus, Test of Skew) in peripheral vestibulopathy T2 - Auris Nasus Larynx N2 - ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate how often the positive sign of HINTS (Head-Impulse, Gaze Evoked Nystagmus, Test of Skew) appears in patients with acute peripheral vestibular lesion, HINTS findings were quantitatively measured and analyzed in patients with peripheral vestibulopathy accompanying spontaneous nystagmus. Methods HINTS was evaluated in 14 vertigo patients with spontaneous nystagmus. Horizontal vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) gain was measured using the video head impulse test (vHIT). To evaluate gaze-evoked nystagmus (GEN), slow-phase velocities at different points of lateral gaze were measured and plotted, then the slope and its inverse value, the neural integrator time constant, were calculated. Skew deviation was tested using anaglyph filters to simulate the alternate cover test, and the degree and latency of vertical eyeball deviation were measured. The ABCD2 score was calculated to evaluate the risk of stroke. Results Among 13 patients of peripheral vestibulopathy, 7 showed positive signs in HINTS (normal vHIT: 5, direction-changing GEN: 0, skew deviation: 3). One patient with a cerebellopontine angle tumor presented with both a peripheral and central pattern and showed positive HINTS findings (presence of direction-changing GEN). The mean VOR gain of patients with abnormal vHIT was 0.58±0.29 and 1.10±0.11 in the affected and contralateral side, respectively, while those in patients with normal vHIT were 1.04±0.21 and 1.13±0.12, respectively. The neural integrator time constant calculated from the mean slope of horizontal slow-phase velocity according to horizontal eye position was 42.9 s. The mean vertical eyeball deviation of patients with positive skew was 2.14±1.18° while uncovering the eye on the affected side, and -1.97±1.59° while uncovering the eye on the unaffected side. The median ABCD2 score of 14 patients was 2 (range, 1-3). Conclusions HINTS findings were objectively measured in vertigo patients with spontaneous nystagmus. Although positive findings of HINTS have been recognized as a central sign, 54% (7/13) of cases with peripheral vestibulopathy showed positive HINTS signs. HINTS results should be interpreted carefully considering that a substantial proportion of peripheral vestibulopathy shows a positive HINTS sign. KW - Dizziness KW - Vertigo KW - Head impulse test KW - Nystagmus KW - Skew deviation Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anl.2022.03.003 SN - 1879-1476 SN - 0385-8146 VL - 49 IS - 6 SP - 938 EP - 949 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schnellenbach, Jan T1 - Die geplante Kindergrundsicherung: ein sinnvoller Ansatz? T2 - Zeitschrift für Wirtschaftspolitik Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/zfwp-2023-2011 SN - 2366-0317 SN - 0721-3808 VL - 72 IS - 2 SP - 150 EP - 158 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Plattfaut, Julia A1 - Suckow, Matthias A1 - Klepel, Olaf A1 - Erlitz, Marcel A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Modellierung und Simulation der templatgestützten Synthese von porösen Kohlenstoffgerüsten mittels COMSOL Multiphysics T2 - Chemie Ingenieur Technik N2 - Mithilfe einer templatgestützten Synthese wurden poröse Kohlenstoffgerüste unter Verwendung von Silicagel als Templat hergestellt. Die chemische Gasphaseninfiltration (CVI) wurde hierbei als Synthese verwendet. Unter Variation verschiedener Reaktionsparameter zur Optimierung der Kohlenstoffabscheidung wurde dieser Prozess mathematisch modelliert and simuliert. Dabei konnten die experimentellen Ergebnisse gut mit den Modellen nachgebildet werden. Die zusätzliche Beschreibung der laminaren Strömung verbessert die Übereinstimmung deutlich. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cite.202300014 SN - 1522-2640 VL - 96(2024) IS - 3 SP - 318 EP - 328 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Noack Napoles, Juliane T1 - Identität, Vulnerabilität und Selbstsorge – ein eudaimogenetischer Bezugsrahmen Sozialer Arbeit T2 - Neue Praxis N2 - Der Beitrag von Juliane Noack Napoles formuliert einen anthropologisch-identitätstheoretisch motivierten Bezugsrahmen Sozialer Arbeit, der ausgehend von der Bestimmung des Menschen als verletzlichem und verletzungsmächtigem Wesen im gelingenden Leben als Fluchtpunkt mündet. In diesem Sinne wird zunächst ein Rahmen vorgestellt, der es ermöglicht, menschliche Vulnerabilitäten zu systematisieren, sodann dargelegt, was unter Vulnerabilität verstanden wird und in einem dritten Schritt versucht, Soziale Arbeit als Ermöglichung von Selbstsorge und gelingendem Leben – also eudaimogenetisch – zu denken. Y1 - 2019 SN - 0342-9857 VL - 49 IS - 4 SP - 331 EP - 343 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vinokurova, Ekaterina A1 - Knorr, Monika A1 - Efimova, Anastasia A1 - Ovchinnikov, Alexander A1 - Schmidt, Peer A1 - Büchner, Bernd A1 - Isaeva, Anna A1 - Roslova, Maria T1 - Microstructural evolution of layered K-doped RuCl3 during annealing traced by thermogravimetric analysis and 3D electron diffraction T2 - Zeitschrift für Anorgische und Allgemeine Chemie N2 - Nanoscale phase separation was induced in the K-doped RuCl3 van der Waals material by annealing, and studied with the goal to find a natural design strategy for the formation of two-dimensional architectures as an alternative to the costly and time-consuming experimental artificial growth methods. Phase conversion was traced by means of thermogravimetric analysis combined with mass spectrometry. The local crystal structure of co-existing K3Ru2Cl9 domains with the sizes of about 100 nm was solved by 3D electron diffraction. KW - 2D layered compounds KW - Chemical vapor transport KW - Crystal growth KW - Crystal structure KW - Halides KW - Thermal analysis Y1 - 2023 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/zaac.202300141 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.202300141 SN - 0044-2313 SN - 1521-3749 VL - 649 IS - 19 SP - 1 EP - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krause, Norman A1 - Wachs, Sebastian A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Schubarth, Wilfried T1 - „Eine Einschätzung, die in Sekunden passieren muss“. Eine qualitative Studie zu Gründen für ausbleibende Interventionen durch das pädagogische Schulpersonal bei Hatespeech unter Schüler:innen T2 - Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft N2 - Die vorliegende Studie ermittelt erstmals Gründe für ausbleibende Interventionen durch pädagogische Fachkräfte bei Hatespeech-Vorfällen in der Schule anhand des Entscheidungsmodells für Hilfeverhalten, das einen fünfstufigen, kognitiven Abwägungsprozess beschreibt, der einer möglichen Intervention vorausgeht. Ausgewertet wurden 46 episodische Interviews mit Schüler:innen (n = 21), Lehrkräften (n = 16) und anderem pädagogischem Schulpersonal (n = 9) aus Berlin und Brandenburg. Die Analyse des qualitativen Datenmaterials zeigt, dass sich auf allen fünf Stufen des Abwägungsprozesses Gründe finden lassen, warum Interventionen bei Hatespeech ausbleiben: Das Schulpersonal kann Hatespeech nicht immer wahrnehmen (1), deutet es vor dem Hintergrund jugendtypischer bzw. gewaltvoller Sprachnormen teils nicht als interventionswürdig (2), übernimmt die Verantwortung teils nicht – insbesondere bei Online-Hatespeech (3), schätzt die eigenen Interventionskompetenzen als unzureichend ein (4) oder wägt Kosten und Nutzen eines möglichen Eingreifens zulasten einer tatsächlichen Interventionshandlung gegeneinander ab (5). Die Ergebnisse weisen darauf hin, dass eine Sensibilisierung für Hatespeech und ihre Folgen für die Beteiligten, z. B. durch Aufklärung, die Verantwortungsübernahme stärken könnte. Im qualitativen Datenmaterial lassen sich zudem Wünsche des Schulpersonals nach Aus- und Weiterbildungsmöglichkeiten sowie Forderungen nach den notwendigen Kapazitäten im Schulalltag finden, um bei Hatespeech angemessen intervenieren zu können. KW - Hatespeech KW - Bystander KW - Intervention KW - Schule KW - Lehrkräfte Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11618-023-01179-3 SN - 1434-663X VL - 26 IS - 6 SP - 1527 EP - 1545 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Eichenauer, Eva T1 - Planungskonflikte und Gerechtigkeit: Konzeptionelle Überlegungen am Beispiel des Ausbaus der Windenergie im Nordosten Deutschlands T2 - Raumforschung und Raumordung Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.14512/rur.1681 SN - 1869-4179 SP - 1 EP - 14 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gavín‐Centol, María Pilar A1 - Serrano-Carnero, Diego A1 - Montserrat, Marta A1 - Meyer, Svenja A1 - Scheu, Stefan A1 - Kundel, Dominika A1 - Fliessbach, Andreas A1 - Truu, Jaak A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Sánchez-Moreno, Sara A1 - Moya-Laraño, Jordi T1 - Severe drought and conventional farming affect detritivore feeding activity and its vertical distribution T2 - Basic and Applied Ecology N2 - Soil invertebrates are key to decomposition, a central ecosystem process related to soil health. In many temperate areas climate change will decrease soil water content, which strongly modulates biological activity. However, data are lacking on how shifts in rainfall patterns affect soil biota and the ecosystem processes they provide. Here, we used the bait-lamina test to experimentally assess how a severe drought event influenced detritivore feeding activity, during a wheat growing season, in soils under long-term organic or conventional farming. Additionally, biotic and abiotic soil parameters were measured. Feeding activity was reduced under extreme drought and conventional management, although no climate-management synergies were found. Vertical migrations of Collembola and Oribatida partially explained the unexpectedly higher bait consumption at shallower depths in response to drought. Exploratory mixed-effects longitudinal random forests (a novel machine learning technique) were used to explore whether the relative abundances of meso‑, microfauna and microbes of the decomposer food web, or abiotic soil parameters, affected the feeding activity of detritivores. The model including meso‑ and microfauna selected four Nematoda taxa and explained higher variance than the model with only microbiota, indicating that detritivore feeding is closely associated with nematodes but not with microbes. Additionally, the model combining fauna and microbiota explained less variance than the faunal model, suggesting that microbe-fauna synergies barely affected detritivore feeding. Moreover, soil water and mineral nitrogen contents were found to strongly determine detritivore feeding, in a positive and negative way, respectively. Hence, our results suggest that severe drought and conventional farming impair the feeding activity of soil detritivores and thus, probably, decomposition and nutrient mineralization in soils. Furthermore, machine learning algorithms arise as a powerful technique to explore the identity of potential key drivers relating biodiversity to ecosystem functioning. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2023.03.006 SN - 1439-1791 VL - 69 SP - 49 EP - 59 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tölgyesi, Csaba A1 - Bátori, Zoltán A1 - Pascarella, John A1 - Erdős, László A1 - Török, Péter A1 - Batáry, Péter A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Scherer, Laura A1 - Michalko, Radek A1 - Košulič, Ondřej A1 - Zaller, Johann G. A1 - Gallé, Robert T1 - Ecovoltaics: Framework and future research directions to reconcile land-based solar power development with ecosystem conservation T2 - Biological Conservation N2 - Renewable energy production is gaining momentum globally as a way to combat climate change without drastically reducing human energy consumption. Solar energy offers the fastest developing solution. However, ground-mounted solar panels have a high land requirement, which leads to conflicts with other land use types, particularly agriculture and biodiversity conservation. The dual land use of agrivoltaics, i.e., continuing agricultural production under and between solar panels, may alleviate farmers' concerns, but less effort has been made to reconcile solar development with biodiversity conservation. Here we provide a framework for creating a win-win situation for this growing challenge using recent literature on solar park habitats complemented with ecological theories. We also highlight important knowledge gaps that future research should address. Our framework uses a unique land-sharing approach and is based on five pillars that cover key aspects of solar park planning and maintenance: (1) eco-smart siting in the landscape, which considers ecological interactions with the landscape matrix and trade-offs between multiple small vs. fewer large solar parks; (2) eco-smart park layout to address the ecological aspects of the spatial configuration of solar park infrastructure; (3) creation of diverse, novel grassland ecosystems with high ecosystem service provisioning capacity using a trait-based ecosystem design approach; (4) management of the novel ecosystem throughout the lifespan of the solar parks; and (5) ensuring stakeholder engagement to integrate this in a viable business model with high community acceptance. With this framework, we open the way for a new multifunctional land use type: the ecovoltaic park. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2023.110242 SN - 0006-3207 VL - 285 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoffmann, Stephanie A1 - Schulze, Susanne A1 - Löffler, Antje A1 - Becker, Juliane A1 - Hufert, Frank A1 - Gremmels, Heinz-Detlef A1 - Holmberg, Christine A1 - Rapp, Michael A. A1 - Entringer, Sonja A1 - Spallek, Jacob T1 - Did the prevalence of depressive symptoms change during the COVID-19 pandemic? A multilevel analysis on longitudinal data from healthcare workers T2 - International Journal of Social Psychiatry N2 - Background: Healthcare workers (HCW) are at high risk to develop mental health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic because of additional work load, perceived stress, and exposure to patients with COVID-19. Currently, there are few studies on change over time in the prevalence of depressive symptoms during pandemic start among HCW. Thus, the aims of the current study were to examine whether depressive symptoms increased during the pandemic and were associated with perceived stress and own COVID-19 infection and workplace exposure to virus-infected patients. Methods: The cohort study used longitudinal data from HCW collected monthly (July 2020 till December 2020) during the first year of the pandemic before vaccination became available. The sample of n = 166 was drawn from a German hospital and included medical (e.g. nurses, therapists, and physicians) and administrative staff. Using multilevel models, we analyzed the change in depressive symptoms [assessed with General Depression Scale (GDS), a validated German version of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D)] and its association with perceived stress across the study period. Laboratory-confirmed own infection was tested as a potential moderator in this context. Subscales of the GDS were used to examine change over time of depressive symptom modalities (e.g. emotional, somatic, and social interactions (β, 95% confidence interval). Results: Depression scores increased significantly during the study period (β = .03, 95% CI [0.02, 0.05]). Perceived stress was associated with depressive symptoms (β = .12, 95% CI [0.10, 0.14]) but did not change over time. Exposure to COVID-19 infection was associated with a higher increase of depressive symptoms (β = .12, 95% CI [0.10, .14]). Somatic symptoms of depression increased among medical HCW with workplace exposure to COVID-19 (β = .25, 95% CI [0.13, 0.38]), but not in administrators (β = .03, 95% CI [−0.04, 0.11]). Conclusion: Research is needed to identify factors that promote the reduction of depressive symptoms in medical HCW with exposition to COVID-19 patients. Awareness of infection protection measures should be increased. KW - Depressive symptoms KW - COVID-19 KW - pandemic KW - healthcare workers Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/00207640231196737 SN - 0020-7640 VL - 70 IS - 1 SP - 87 EP - 98 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoffmann, Stephanie A1 - Spallek, Jacob T1 - Regionale Deprivation und Entwicklungsverzögerung bei Kindern T2 - Public Health Forum N2 - Die psychische Gesundheit junger Menschen hängt mit ihrer psychosozialen Entwicklung (z. B. Sprache) zusammen, für die Unterschiede anhand sozioökonomischer Bedingungen der Familie beschrieben werden. Die Deprivation der Wohnregion ist additiver Risikofaktor für die kindliche Entwicklung (ORweibl. = 1,35[1,13–1,62]; ORmännl. = 1,20[1,05–1,39]). Beide sind von besonderem Interesse für Public Mental Health und Förderung der Gesundheit von Kindern in der frühen Kindheit und im Lebensverlauf. KW - Entwicklungsverzögerung KW - Gesundheitliche Ungleichheiten KW - Kinder KW - Räumliche Analyse KW - Regionale Deprivation Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/pubhef-2023-0071 SN - 1876-4851 VL - 31 IS - 3 SP - 188 EP - 191 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Akhtar, Fatima A1 - Dabrowski, Jaroslaw A1 - Lukose, Rasuole A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Lukosius, Mindaugas T1 - Chemical Vapor Deposition Growth of Graphene on 200 mm Ge (110)/Si Wafers and Ab Initio Analysis of Differences in Growth Mechanisms on Ge (110) and Ge (001) T2 - ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces N2 - For the fabrication of modern graphene devices, uniform growth of high-quality monolayer graphene on wafer scale is important. This work reports on the growth of large-scale graphene on semiconducting 8 inch Ge(110)/Si wafers by chemical vapor deposition and a DFT analysis of the growth process. Good graphene quality is indicated by the small FWHM (32 cm–1) of the Raman 2D band, low intensity ratio of the Raman D and G bands (0.06), and homogeneous SEM images and is confirmed by Hall measurements: high mobility (2700 cm2/Vs) and low sheet resistance (800 Ω/sq). In contrast to Ge(001), Ge(110) does not undergo faceting during the growth. We argue that Ge(001) roughens as a result of vacancy accumulation at pinned steps, easy motion of bonded graphene edges across (107) facets, and low energy cost to expand Ge area by surface vicinals, but on Ge(110), these mechanisms do not work due to different surface geometries and complex reconstruction. KW - Graphene KW - Chemical Vapor Deposition Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.3c05860 SN - 1944-8244 VL - 15 IS - 30 SP - 36966 EP - 36974 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Khan, Muhammad Moman A1 - Ali, Aamir A1 - Kolenda, Rafał A1 - Olowe, Olugbenga Adekunle A1 - Weinreich, Jörg A1 - Li, Ganwu A1 - Schierack, Peter T1 - The role of AJB35136 and fdtA genes in biofilm formation by avian pathogenic Escherichia coli T2 - BMC Veterinary Research Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-023-03672-7 SN - 1746-6148 VL - 19 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kim, Dogsuk A1 - Asli, Majid A1 - Höschler, Klaus T1 - On the Potentials of the Integration of Pressure Gain Combustion with a Hybrid Electric Propulsion System T2 - Aerospace N2 - As the issue of pollutant emissions from aviation propulsion escalates, research into alternative powertrains is gaining momentum. Two promising technologies are the Hybrid Electric Propulsion System (HEPS) and Pressure Gain Combustion (PGC). HEPS is expected to reduce pollutant emissions by decreasing fuel consumption, whereas PGC uses detonation in the combustor to increase the thermal efficiency of engines by elevating the total pressure during combustion. This study extensively explores the integration of these two emerging technologies, thoroughly assessing the advantages that arise from their combination. First, the renowned turboprop engine PW127 is benchmarked and modeled using Gasturb software. The model is integrated into Simulink using the T-MATS tool, with HEPS and pressure gain components added to analyze the thermodynamics of various configurations under different pressure gain values and HEPS parameters. The analysis, conducted up to the cruise phase of the baseline aircraft, reveals that applying pressure gain combustion through Rotating Detonation Combustion (RDC) results in a more significant increase in efficiency and decrease in fuel consumption compared to HEPS with conventional gas turbines. However, HEPS helps maintain a more uniform combustor inlet condition and reduces the Turbine Inlet Temperature (TIT) at the takeoff phase, where the highest TIT otherwise occurs. The results suggest that integrating HEPS with PGC can be beneficial in maintaining optimal combustor conditions and mitigating turbine efficiency degradation. KW - Pressure gain combustion KW - Hybrid Electric Propulsion KW - Rotating detonation combustion Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2226-4310/10/8/710 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/aerospace10080710 SN - 2226-4310 VL - 10 IS - 8 SP - 1 EP - 17 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Riedel, Ramona A1 - Krahl, Kathrin A1 - Buder, Kai A1 - Böllmann, Jörg A1 - Braun, Burga A1 - Martienssen, Marion T1 - Novel standard biodegradation test for synthetic phosphonates T2 - Journal of Microbiological Methods N2 - Determination of biodegradation of synthetic phosphonates such as aminotris(methylenephosphonic acid) (ATMP), ethylenediamine tetra(methylenephosphonic acid) (EDTMP), or diethylenetriamine penta(methylenephosphonic acid) (DTPMP) is a great challenge. Commonly, ready biodegradability of organic substances is assessed by OECD 301 standard tests. However, due to the chemical imbalance of carbon to phosphorus synthetic phosphonates do not promote microbial growth and, thus, limiting its biodegradation. Therefore, standard OECD test methods are not always reliable to predict the real biodegradability of phosphonates. In the presented study, we report the development of a standardized batch system suitable to synthetic phosphonates such as ATMP, EDTMP, DTPMP and others. The novel standard batch test is applicable with pure strains, activated sludge from different wastewater treatment plants (i.e., municipal and industrial), and with tap water as inoculum. We optimized the required calcium and magnesium exposure levels as well as the amount of the start inoculum biomass. We demonstrated that our test also allows to determine several parameters including ortho-phosphate (o-PO43􀀀 ), total phosphorus (TP), ammonium (NH4+) and total organic carbon (TOC). In addition, also LC/MS analyses of cell-free medium is applicable for determining the mother compounds and metabolites. We applied our optimized standardized batch with selected phosphonates and evidenced that the chemical structure has a major influence of the microbial growth rates. Thus, our novel batch test overcomes drawbacks of the OECD 301 test series for determination of easy biodegradability for stoichiometric imbalanced organic compounds such as phosphonates. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mimet.2023.106793 SN - 1872-8359 SN - 0167-7012 VL - Vol. 212 SP - 1 EP - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Zeeb, Hajo A1 - Razum, Oliver T1 - Lebenslauforientierte Epidemiologie in der Migrationsforschung T2 - Bundesgesundheitsblatt N2 - Es gibt viele Gründe für Migration, von freier Entscheidung bis zu erzwungener Flucht. Entsprechend vielfältig sind auch die Vorgeschichten und Lebensumstände der migrierenden Menschen. Die damit einhergehenden unterschiedlichen Expositionen beeinflussen die Gesundheit der Migrant*innen und ihrer Kinder. Um ein solch komplexes Phänomen zu erfassen, ist ein Ansatz erforderlich, der die besonderen Umstände im Lebenslauf der Migrant*innen einbezieht. Ein etablierter methodischer Ansatz, der dies leisten kann, ist die Lebenslaufepidemiologie. Bei der Anwendung dieses Konzepts auf migrierende Bevölkerungen werden Expositionen vor, während und nach der Migration untersucht. In der epidemiologischen Forschung zur Gesundheit von eingewanderten Menschen ist es wünschenswert, alle diese 3 Phasen zu berücksichtigen. Eine Herausforderung hierbei ist, dass verlässliche Daten über den gesamten Lebenslauf nicht immer verfügbar sind. Eine valide, zeitnahe Erhebung und datenschutzgerechte Verknüpfung longitudinaler Daten aus verschiedenen Quellen können die lebenslaufbezogene Forschung zur Gesundheit von Migrant*innen in Deutschland verbessern. Perspektivisch sollten entsprechende Daten auch aus den Herkunftsländern von Migrant*innen einbezogen werden. KW - Lebenslaufepidemiologie KW - Migration und Gesundheit KW - Gesundheitliche Ungleichheit Y1 - 2023 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00103-023-03761-w U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-023-03761-w SN - 1437-1588 VL - 66 IS - 10 SP - 1092 EP - 1098 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Oviedo-Ocaña, Edgar Ricardo A1 - Abendroth, Christian A1 - Dominguez Rivera, Isabel Cristina A1 - Sánchez Ferrer, Antoni A1 - Dornack, Christina T1 - Life cycle assessment of biowaste and green waste composting systems: A review of applications and implementation challenges T2 - Waste Management N2 - Composting is one of the most widely applied methods for recycling organic waste. This process has been proposed as one option that facilitates the reincorporation of materials into the production cycle. However, composting also generates environmental impacts. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is the most common approach to evaluate the environmental impacts of a process at different system stages. Nevertheless, applying LCA in composting facilities is challenging due to the extensive information required, the lack of standardization on the initial assumptions, the definition of system boundaries, and the high diversity of existing composting technologies. This paper systematically reviews LCA studies in biowaste and/or green waste composting. The study highlights the challenges that should be met in order to improving the application of LCA to evaluate the environmental impacts of this type or waste treatment strategy. The review protocol used identified 456 papers published between 2010 and 2022. After the screening, 56 papers were selected, read, and thoroughly analyzed. The results show that: i) about 68% of the studies aimed to compare composting with other solid waste management options; ii) there was a wide diversity among the impact categories considered, which predominantly included climate change and ozone depletion; iii) there was no consensus on the functional unit or the system boundaries; iv) the main gaseous emissions studied were ammonia, methane, and nitrogen oxide, which were generally determined by emission factors; v) the avoided environmental impacts associated with the end-product quality and its application as an organic amendment or soil improver were ignored. This work demonstrates the complexity of conducting credible and valid composting LCA studies and proposes seven recommendations for improving the application of this assessment methodology to analyze this waste management alternative. KW - Biowaste KW - Life Cycle Assessment KW - Composting KW - Environmental impact KW - Green waste Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0956053X23005688 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2023.09.004 SN - 1879-2456 SN - 0956-053X VL - 171 SP - 350 EP - 364 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rennie, Nicola A1 - Cleophas, Catherine A1 - Sykulski, Adam A1 - Dost, Florian T1 - Outlier detection in network revenue management T2 - OR Spectrum N2 - This paper presents an automated approach for providing ranked lists of outliers in observed demand to support analysts in network revenue management. Such network revenue management, e.g. for railway itineraries, needs accurate demand forecasts. However, demand outliers across or in parts of a network complicate accurate demand forecasting, and the network structure makes such demand outliers hard to detect. We propose a two-step approach combining clustering with functional outlier detection to identify outlying demand from network bookings observed on the leg level. The first step clusters legs to appropriately partition and pools booking patterns. The second step identifies outliers within each cluster and uses a novel aggregation method across legs to create a ranked alert list of affected instances. Our method outperforms analyses that consider leg data without regard for network implications and offers a computationally efficient alternative to storing and analysing all data on the itinerary level, especially in highly-connected networks where most customers book multi-leg products. A simulation study demonstrates the robustness of the approach and quantifies the potential revenue benefits from adjusting demand forecasts for offer optimisation. Finally, we illustrate the applicability based on empirical data obtained from Deutsche Bahn. KW - Analytics KW - Forecasting KW - Outlier Detection KW - Clustering Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00291-023-00714-2 SN - 0171-6468 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rennie, Nicola A1 - Cleophas, Catherine A1 - Sykulski, Adam A1 - Dost, Florian T1 - Analysing and visualising bike-sharing demand with outliers T2 - Discover Data N2 - Bike-sharing is a popular component of sustainable urban mobility. It requires anticipatory planning, e.g. of station locations and inventory, to balance expected demand and capacity. However, external factors such as extreme weather or glitches in public transport, can cause demand to deviate from baseline levels. Identifying such outliers keeps historic data reliable and improves forecasts. In this paper we show how outliers can be identified by clustering stations and applying a functional depth analysis. We apply our analysis techniques to the Washington D.C. Capital Bikeshare data set as the running example throughout the paper, but our methodology is general by design. Furthermore, we offer an array of meaningful visualisations to communicate findings and highlight patterns in demand. Last but not least, we formulate managerial recommendations on how to use both the demand forecast and the identified outliers in the bike-sharing planning process. KW - Analytics KW - Outlier Detection KW - Data Visualization Y1 - 2023 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s44248-023-00001-z U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s44248-023-00001-z SN - 2731-6955 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dersch, Nadine A1 - Perez-Bosch Quesada, Emilio A1 - Pérez, Eduardo A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Roemer, Christian A1 - Schwarz, Mike A1 - Kloes, Alexander T1 - Efficient circuit simulation of a memristive crossbar array with synaptic weight variability T2 - Solid State Electronics N2 - In this paper, we present a method for highly-efficient circuit simulation of a hardware-based artificial neural network realized in a memristive crossbar array. The statistical variability of the devices is considered by a noise-based simulation technique. For the simulation of a crossbar array with 8 synaptic weights in Cadence Virtuoso the new approach shows a more than 200x speed improvement compared to a Monte Carlo approach, yielding the same results. In addition, first results of an ANN with more than 15,000 memristive devices classifying test data of the MNIST dataset are shown, for which the speed improvement is expected to be several orders of magnitude. Furthermore, the influence on the classification of parasitic resistances of the connection lines in the crossbar is shown. KW - RRAM KW - Neural network Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sse.2023.108760 SN - 0038-1101 VL - 209 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rizzi, Tommaso A1 - Baroni, Andrea A1 - Glukhov, Artem A1 - Bertozzi, Davide A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Ielmini, Daniele A1 - Zambelli, Cristian T1 - Process-Voltage-Temperature Variations Assessment in Energy-Aware Resistive RAM-Based FPGAs T2 - IEEE Transactions on Device and Materials Reliability N2 - Resistive Random Access Memory (RRAM) technology holds promises to improve the Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) performance, reduce the area footprint, and dramatically lower run-time energy requirements compared to the state-of-the-art CMOS-based products. However, the integration of RRAM in FPGAs is hindered by the high programming power consumption and by non-ideal behaviors of the device due to its stochastic nature that may overshadow the benefits in normal operation mode. To cope with these challenges, optimized programming strategies have to be investigated. In this work, we explore the impact that different procedures to set the device have on the run-time performance. Process, voltage, and temperature (PVT) variations as well as time-dependent drift effect of the RRAM device are considered in the assessment of 4T1R MUX designs characteristics. The comparison with tradition CMOS implementations reveals how the choice of the target resistive state and the programming algorithm are key design aspects to reduce the run-time delay and energy metrics, while at the same time improving the robustness against the different sources of variations. KW - RRAM KW - FPGA Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TDMR.2023.3259015 SN - 1530-4388 VL - 23 IS - 3 SP - 328 EP - 336 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhang, Sushen A1 - Vassiliadis, Vassilios S. A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Hierarchical multi-scale parametric optimization of deep neural networks T2 - Applied Intelligence N2 - Traditionally, sensitivity analysis has been utilized to determine the importance of input variables to a deep neural network (DNN). However, the quantification of sensitivity for each neuron in a network presents a significant challenge. In this article, a selective method for calculating neuron sensitivity in layers of neurons concerning network output is proposed. This approach incorporates scaling factors that facilitate the evaluation and comparison of neuron importance. Additionally, a hierarchical multi-scale optimization framework is proposed, where layers with high-importance neurons are selectively optimized. Unlike the traditional backpropagation method that optimizes the whole network at once, this alternative approach focuses on optimizing the more important layers. This paper provides fundamental theoretical analysis and motivating case study results for the proposed neural network treatment. The framework is shown to be effective in network optimization when applied to simulated and UCI Machine Learning Repository datasets. This alternative training generates local minima close to or even better than those obtained with the backpropagation method, utilizing the same starting points for comparative purposes within a multi-start optimization procedure. Moreover, the proposed approach is observed to be more efficient for large-scale DNNs. These results validate the proposed algorithmic framework as a rigorous and robust new optimization methodology for training (fitting) neural networks to input/output data series of any given system. KW - Deep neural networks KW - Hierarchical multi-scale search KW - Scaling factor KW - Sensitivity analysis KW - Finite difference KW - Automatic differentiation Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-023-04745-8 SN - 1573-7497 VL - 53 IS - 21 SP - 24963 EP - 24990 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kommana, Giulia A1 - Grüneberg, Björn A1 - Hupfer, Michael T1 - Iron from lignite mining increases phosphorus fixation in sediments, but does not affect trophic states of lakes along River Spree (Germany) T2 - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution KW - Eutrophication KW - Lusatian area Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-023-06441-2 SN - 1573-2932 VL - 234 IS - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - LaBrie, Richard A1 - Hupfer, Michael A1 - Lau, Maximilian P. T1 - Anaerobic duration predicts biogeochemical consequences of oxygen depletion in lakes T2 - Limnology and Oceanography Letters KW - Aquatic Science KW - Oceanography Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/lol2.10324 SN - 2378-2242 VL - 8 IS - 4 SP - 666 EP - 674 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ohler, Katharina A1 - Schreiner, Verena C. A1 - Martin-Creuzburg, Dominik A1 - Schäfer, Ralf B. T1 - Trophic transfer of polyunsaturated fatty acids across the aquatic–terrestrial interface: An experimental tritrophic food chain approach T2 - Ecology and Evolution Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.9927 SN - 2045-7758 VL - 13 IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stix, Daniela Cornelia T1 - Empowerment als Handlungskonzept der Medienpädagogik Ein internationaler Vergleich verschiedener Medienkompetenzmodelle T2 - MedienPädagogik. Zeitschrift für Theorie und Praxis der Medienbildung N2 - Es lässt sich feststellen, dass Modelle zu Medienkompetenzen und Medienbildung meist nur lokal begrenzt rezipiert werden. Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt deshalb insgesamt fünf Medienkompetenzmodelle aus Brasilien, Grossbritannien, Deutschland und den USA vergleichend vor. Den Modellen – das wird schnell deutlich – ist gemein, dass die Menschen befähigt werden sollen, sich Medien gemäss den eigenen Bedürfnissen sowie für kommunikative Prozesse, zunutze zu machen. Da die Befähigung in den verglichenen Modellen eine zentrale Rolle einnimmt, schien es naheliegend zu prüfen, inwiefern sich das Handlungskonzept des Empowerments auch für medienpädagogische Kontexte als Grundlage professionellen Handelns eignet. Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.medienpaed.com/article/view/1436 U6 - https://doi.org/10.21240/mpaed/00/2023.11.20.X SN - 1424-3636 SP - 353 EP - 379 CY - Berlin ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kettler, Markus A1 - Euler, Mathias A1 - Eibl, Sebastian T1 - Bemessung geklemmter Kranschienen mit Fußflansch (Form A) T2 - Stahlbau N2 - Die nicht ausdrücklich definierte Schnittstelle zwischen Kran (Maschinenbau) und Kranbahnträger (Bauwesen) führte in der Vergangenheit immer wieder zu Missverständnissen in der Praxis in Hinblick auf die Bemessung geklemmter Kranschienen mit Fußflansch (Form A). Von den Kranherstellern wird lediglich die Kontaktpressung zwischen dem Laufrad des Krans und der Schienenoberfläche nach EN 13001-3-3 nachgewiesen. Die Bemessung der Kranschiene selbst wird nicht durch die Vorschriften des Kranbaus geregelt. Auf der anderen Seite ist eine Bemessung geklemmter Kranschienen, die neben zweiachsiger Biegung auch Torsion infolge exzentrischer Lasteinleitung erfahren, bislang aufgrund fehlender Bemessungsregeln nicht ohne Weiteres nach EN 1993-6 möglich. Dieser Beitrag stellt den derzeitigen Stand der für den Normentwurf prEN 1993-6 entwickelten Bemessungsregeln vor und präsentiert Vergleiche mit realitätsnahen numerischen Untersuchungen. Darüber hinaus wird ein verbessertes Berechnungsmodell für die Längsspannungen aus zentrischer Radlast vorgestellt, das im Vergleich zum Normentwurf das tatsächliche Tragverhalten deutlich besser abbildet. Außerdem wird ein Bemessungsvorschlag für einen Ermüdungsnachweis formuliert. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/stab.202300028 VL - 92 IS - 10 SP - 635 EP - 648 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grandas Tavera, Carlos Eduardo A1 - Vogelsang, Jakob A1 - Triantafyllidis, Theodoros T1 - Simplified simulation of the installation of vibro-piles in water saturated soil T2 - Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering N2 - This paper presents a novel and simplified approach to simulate the effects of the vibro-pile installation on the deformation of deep excavation shoring walls at high ground water levels. Although commonly-used finite element simulations provide acceptable predictions of the wall displacements caused by underwater excavations, anchor installation, or pit dewatering processes, they could not explain the unexpected large wall movements measured in different excavations during the vibro-pile installation stage. Previous dynamic finite element … Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0267726118306754 SN - 1879-341X SN - 0267-7261 IS - 121 SP - 491 EP - 498 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Steuer, O. A1 - Liedke, Maciej O. A1 - Butterling, M. A1 - Schwarz, D. A1 - Schulze, J. A1 - Li, Z. A1 - Wagner, A. A1 - Fischer, Inga Anita A1 - Hübner, R. A1 - Zhou, S. T1 - Evolution of point defects in pulsed-laser-melted Ge1-xSnx probed by positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy T2 - Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter N2 - Direct-band-gap Germanium-Tin alloys (Ge1-xSnx) with high carrier mobilities are promising materials for nano- and optoelectronics. The concentration of open volume defects in the alloy, such as Sn and Ge vacancies, influences the final device performance. In this article, we present an evaluation of the point defects in molecular-beam-epitaxy grown Ge1-xSnx films treated by post-growth nanosecond-range pulsed laser melting (PLM). Doppler broadening – variable energy positron annihilation spectroscopy and variable energy positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy are used to investigate the defect nanostructure in the Ge1-xSnx films exposed to increasing laser energy density. The experimental results, supported with ATomic SUPerposition calculations, evidence that after PLM, the average size of the open volume defects increases, which represents a raise in concentration of vacancy agglomerations, but the overall defect density is reduced as a function of the PLM fluence. At the same time, the positron annihilation spectroscopy analysis provides information about dislocations and Ge vacancies decorated by Sn atoms. Moreover, it is shown that the PLM reduces the strain in the layer, while dislocations are responsible for trapping of Sn and formation of small Sn-rich-clusters. KW - GeSn KW - laser annealing KW - positron annihilation KW - PLM KW - point defects Y1 - 2023 UR - https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1361-648X/ad0a10/meta U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-648X/ad0a10 SN - 0953-8984 VL - 36 IS - 8 SP - 1 EP - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wen, Shuyu A1 - Shaikh, Mohd Saif A1 - Steuer, Oliver A1 - Prucnal, Slawomir A1 - Grenzer, Jörg A1 - Hübner, René A1 - Turek, Marcin A1 - Pyszniak, Krzysztof A1 - Reiter, Sebastian A1 - Fischer, Inga Anita A1 - Georgiev, Yordan M. A1 - Helm, Manfred A1 - Wu, Shaoteng A1 - Luo, Jun-Wei A1 - Zhou, Shengqiang A1 - Berencén, Yonder T1 - Room-temperature extended short-wave infrared GeSn photodetectors realized by ion beam techniques T2 - Applied Physics Letters N2 - GeSn alloys hold great promise as high-performance, low-cost, near- and short-wavelength infrared photodetectors with the potential to replace the relatively expensive and currently market-dominant InGaAs- and InSb-based photodetectors. In this Letter, we demonstrate room-temperature GeSn pn photodetectors fabricated by a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor compatible process, involving Sn and P ion implantation and flash-lamp annealing prior to device fabrication. The fabrication process enables the alloying of Ge with Sn at concentrations up to 4.5% while maintaining the high-quality single-crystalline structure of the material. This allows us to create Ge0.955Sn0.045 pn photodetectors with a low dark current density of 12.8 mA/cm2 and a relatively high extended responsivity of 0.56 A/W at 1.71 μm. These results pave the way for the implementation of a cost-effective, scalable, and CMOS-compatible short-wavelength infrared detector technology. KW - Electric currents KW - Semiconductors KW - Photodetectors KW - C-MOS KW - Electromagnetic radiation detectors KW - Crystal structure KW - Alloys KW - Ion implantation KW - Ion beam analysis Y1 - 2023 UR - https://pubs.aip.org/aip/apl/article/123/8/081109/2907921 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0166799 SN - 0003-6951 VL - 123 IS - 8 SP - 1 EP - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter A1 - Müller, Klaus A1 - Henkel, Karsten T1 - Photosensitive and Rectifying Properties of Ga2O3 Described by Polaronic Screened Electrons and Internal Potentials T2 - Journal of Physical Chemistry C N2 - The photosensitive and rectifying properties of Ga2O3 are described by (n-type) intrinsic (π-) electrons. These polaronic screened multiatomic carriers populate the intrinsic defect states within the ionic gap; their spectroscopic evidence is based on resonant photoemission spectroscopy data that also provide the ionicity factor of Ga2O3 and the size of the ionic gap. The π-electron density depends on the internal potential and its photo- and field-induced dipole contributions, and it describes the observed combined ohmic-exponential carrier densities and current–voltage dependences. The π-electron dynamics is caused by pairing and dissociation dipoles in the bulk of Ga2O3. The material properties of the electrode contribute via external chemical potentials and define the criteria for ohmic and rectifying contacts. This quantitative and predictive concept not only convinces by perfect agreement with published experimental data but also points toward the achievable performance limits of UV absorbers and rectifying devices. KW - Resonant photoelectron spectroscopy KW - quantitative π-electron densities KW - multi-atomic quasi-particles KW - photosensitivity and rectifier devices Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.3c05785 SN - 1932-7447 SN - 1932-7455 VL - 127 IS - 47 SP - 23077 EP - 23089 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Windisch, Thomas A1 - Fritzsche, Christoph A1 - Sarradj, Ennes T1 - Dataset on permeability of wings from owls and non-silently flying birds T2 - Data in Brief Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2023.109825 SN - 2352-3409 VL - 52 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lyu, Benshuai A1 - Xu, Jiali A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Paruchuri, Chaitanya A1 - Ye, Qingqing A1 - Cui, Jiahuan A1 - Ayton, Lorna T1 - Experimental investigation into the acoustical superiority of ogee serrations in reducing leading edge noise T2 - Applied Acoustics Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0003682X23005200 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2023.109722 SN - 1872-910X SN - 0003-682X VL - 216 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Jian A1 - Li, Zheng A1 - Pasternak, Hartmut A1 - Euler, Mathias T1 - Querkrafttragfähigkeit von Wellstegträgern mit versteiften quadratischen Stegöffnungen T2 - Bauingenieur N2 - Die Ergebnisse aus drei Traglastversuchen und einer umfangreichen numerischen Parameterstudie (FE-Berechnungen) zum Tragverhalten von Wellstegträgern mit quadratischen Stegöffnungen werden vorgestellt. Es werden versteifte Stegöffnungen mit einem umlaufenden Versteifungskranz betrachtet. In der Parameterstudie werden die Einflüsse der Stegöffnungsgeometrie, der Trägergeometrie und der Position der Stegöffnung auf die Querkrafttragfähigkeit der Wellstegträger untersucht. KW - Wellstegträger KW - Stegöffnung KW - Versteifungskranz Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.37544/0005-6650-2023-11-31 SN - 0005-6650 VL - 98 IS - 11 SP - 343 EP - 353 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rabiu, Mubarik Kassim A1 - Jaeger-Erben, Melanie T1 - Reducing single-use plastic in everyday social practices: Insights from a living lab experiment T2 - Resources, Conservation and Recycling N2 - Plastic is ubiquitous in everyday social practices, and few consumer activities do not involve its direct or indirect use. Single-use plastic (SUP) based on fossil fuels is particularly problematic, as it seems virtually unavoidable, especially in everyday products, from plastic wrapping cucumbers to shampoo bottles. Although reducing SUP is crucial, there is little evidence of achieving this in everyday social practices. This paper examines the practicality of reducing SUP and consumer frustration. We studied the social practices of 20 adults using diary records and workshops over the course of two weeks. Our findings suggest that everyday practices shape SUP use, and reducing it disrupts daily life, even for eco-conscious consumers. Packaging-free shops are a popular approach to reducing SUP. However, consumers are hindered from using this alternative by limited availability, convenience and product variety. Future research should explore the seamless integration of alternatives to reduce SUP into everyday social practices. KW - Single-use plastic KW - Consumption KW - Reduce KW - Diary study KW - Everyday practices KW - Plastic avoidance Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921344923004378 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2023.107303 SN - 0921-3449 VL - 200 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rahman, Md Sadikur A1 - Shaikh, Ali Akbar A1 - Ali, Irfan A1 - Bhunia, Asoke Kumar A1 - Fügenschuh, Armin T1 - A Theoretical Framework for Optimality Conditions of Nonlinear Type-2 Interval-Valued Unconstrained and Constrained Optimization Problems Using Type-2 Interval Order Relations T2 - Mathematics KW - type-2 interval KW - type-2 interval order relations KW - type-2 interval-valued function KW - optimality KW - generalized KKT conditions Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/math9080908 SN - 2227-7390 VL - 9 IS - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Averkov, Gennadiy A1 - Borger, Christopher A1 - Soprunov, Ivan T1 - Inequalities between mixed volumes of convex bodies: volume bounds for the Minkowski sum T2 - Mathematika N2 - In the course of classifying generic sparse polynomial systems which are solvable in radicals, Esterov recently showed that the volume of the Minkowski sum P1+⋯+Pd of d‐dimensional lattice polytopes is bounded from above by a function of order O(m2d), where m is the mixed volume of the tuple (P1,⋯,Pd). This is a consequence of the well‐known Aleksandrov–Fenchel inequality. Esterov also posed the problem of determining a sharper bound. We show how additional relations between mixed volumes can be employed to improve the bound to O(md), which is asymptotically sharp. We furthermore prove a sharp exact upper bound in dimensions 2 and 3. Our results generalize to tuples of arbitrary convex bodies with volume at least one. This paper relies extensively on colour figures. Some references to colour may not be meaningful in the printed version, and we refer the reader to the online version which includes the colour figures. KW - 14M25 KW - 52A39 KW - 52A40 KW - 52B20 (primary) Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1112/mtk.12055 VL - 66 IS - 4 SP - 1003 EP - 1027 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bledzki, Andrzej K. A1 - Seidlitz, Holger A1 - Goracy, Krzysztof A1 - Urbaniak, Magdalena A1 - Rösch, Janina J. T1 - Recycling of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composite Polymers—Review—Part 1: Volume of Production, Recycling Technologies, Legislative Aspects T2 - Polymers KW - carbon fibers KW - polymer composites KW - recycling KW - recycled carbon fibers Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13020300 SN - 2073-4360 VL - 13 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bledzki, Andrzej K. A1 - Seidlitz, Holger A1 - Krenz, Jonas A1 - Goracy, Krzysztof A1 - Urbaniak, Magdalena A1 - Rösch, Janina J. T1 - Recycling of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composite Polymers—Review—Part 2: Recovery and Application of Recycled Carbon Fibers T2 - Polymers KW - polymer composites KW - recycled carbon fibers KW - recycling KW - automotive industry KW - railways KW - aviation KW - wind turbine Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12123003 SN - 2073-4360 VL - 12 IS - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Amelina, Anna T1 - After the reflexive turn in migration studies: Towards the doing migration approach T2 - Population, Space and Place N2 - What processes transform (im)mobile individuals into ‘migrants’ and geographic movements across political‐territorial borders into ‘migration’? Addressing this question, the article develops the doing migration approach that combines socio constructivist, praxeological and the sociology of knowledge and performativity perspectives. ‘Doing migration’ starts with the processes of social attribution that separate between ‘migrants’ and ‘nonmigrants’ and that are embedded into institutional, organisational and interactional routines which generate unique social order(s) of migration. Illustrating these conceptual ideas, the article provides insights into the elements of the contemporary European order of ‘migration’. The institutional routines contribute to the emergence of the European migration regime that includes narratives of economisation, securitisation and humanitarisation. The organisational routines of European migration order realise bordering, surveillance and othering contributing to the disciplining effects on those defined as ‘migrants’. Furthermore, the routines of daily face‐to‐face interactions generate various microforms of ‘migration’ by stigmatisation, while also giving the potential to resist the social attribution as ‘migrant’. KW - doing migration KW - European migration order KW - intersectionality KW - migration regime KW - reflexive turn KW - social constructivism Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/psp.2368 SN - 1544-8444 VL - 27(2021) IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Machaček, Jan A1 - Staubach, Patrick A1 - Grandas Tavera, Carlos Eduardo A1 - Wichtmann, Torsten A1 - Zachert, Hauke T1 - On the automatic parameter calibration of a hypoplastic soil model T2 - Acta Geotechnica N2 - This paper presents an approach for the automatic parameter calibration (AC) of a hypoplastic constitutive soil model. The calibration software developed in this work simplifies the parameter calibration, reduces the subjective “human” factor on the calibration result and lowers the entry hurdle for the use of the hypoplastic constitutive model. The performance of the software was demonstrated by comparing automatically calibrated parameter sets for two sands and their related simulations of the underlying experimental data with simulations using two reference parameter sets. The first reference parameter set was calibrated the classical way, "by hand", and the second was calibrated using the AC tool ExCalibre. Two different optimization methods were used, namely the Differential Evolution (DE) and the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The simulations performed with the parameters obtained from the AC agree well with the experimental data and show improvements over the reference parameter sets. With respect to the optimization method, the performance of the DE proved superior to that of the PSO. Various measures of comparison were examined to quantify the discrepancy between experiment and simulation. By repeating 500 calibration runs, the dispersion of parameters was determined and correlations between different parameters of the hypoplastic model were found. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11440-022-01669-4 SN - 1861-1125 VL - 17 IS - 11 SP - 5253 EP - 5273 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tafili, Merita A1 - Grandas Tavera, Carlos Eduardo A1 - Triantafyllidis, Theodoros A1 - Wichtmann, Torsten T1 - Constitutive anamnesis model (CAM) for fine‐grained soils T2 - International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics N2 - Mainly, two divisions are encountered in the literature regarding constitutive models: elasto‐plasticity and hypoplasticity. In addition, barodesy and the framework of generalized plasticity are used. The main disadvantage of nearly all models is the failure to reproduce the mechanical behaviour under cyclic loading without restrictions. A model which deals neither with the true hypoplastic nor the true elasto‐plastic approach will be proposed herein. Moreover, it combines and establishes the unification of both frameworks and it can be assigned to both of them. It introduces a so called historiotropic surface, responsible for the memory of the soil, but no consistency condition. It also introduces a hypoplastic strain rate, but incorporating the distance to the new surface for its intensity and the back stress tensor. Hence, both the intergranular strain as well as the fabric‐dilatancy tensor are omitted, even though the eight‐shaped stress hysteresis at cyclic mobility is well reproduced Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/nag.3428 SN - 0363-9061 VL - 46 IS - 15 SP - 2817 EP - 2848 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tafili, Merita A1 - Grandas Tavera, Carlos Eduardo A1 - Triantafyllidis, Theodoros A1 - Wichtmann, Torsten T1 - On the dilatancy of fine-grained soils T2 - Geotechnics N2 - A new evaluation method for the dilatancy of fine-grained soils based on monotonic and cyclic undrained triaxial tests has been established using two elasticity approaches: isotropic and transverse isotropic hypoelasticity. The evaluation of two clays, Kaolin and Lower Rhine Clay, with the new method also shows that the dilatancy of fine-grained soils is dependent on the stress ratio, the void ratio, and the straining direction along with the intrinsic material parameters. Similar to sand, we can observe a Phase Transformation Line beyond which further shearing induces a volume increase. A generalization of the Taylor dilatancy rule from direct shear to multiaxial space is established, and an extension accounting for the behaviour of soft soils is proposed. We formulate a simple hypoplastic constitutive relation with a modified flow rule that reproduces the observed dilatant as well as contractant behaviour. Some simulations of monotonic as well as cyclic tests prove the accurate performance of the proposed dilatancy relation Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/geotechnics1010010 SN - 2673-7094 VL - 1 IS - 1 SP - 192 EP - 215 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seibold, Götz T1 - On the Evaluation of Higher-Harmonic-Current Responses for High-Field Spectroscopies in Disordered Superconductors T2 - Condensed Matter N2 - We discuss a formalism that allows for the calculation of a higher-harmonic-current response to a strong applied electric field for disordered superconducting systems described on the basis of tight-binding models with on- and/or intersite interactions. The theory is based on an expansion of the density matrix in powers of the field amplitudes, where we solve the equation of motion for the individual components. This allows the evaluation of higher-order response functions on significantly larger lattices than one can achieve with a previously used approach, which is based on a direct temporal integration of the equation of motion for the complete density matrix. In the case of small lattices, where both methods can be applied by including also the contribution of collective modes, we demonstrate the agreement of the corresponding results. KW - superconductivity KW - third-harmonic generation KW - disorder Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3896/8/4/95 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/condmat8040095 SN - 2410-3896 VL - 8 IS - 4 SP - 1 EP - 16 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mochkabadi, Kazem A1 - Kleinert, Simon A1 - Urbig, Diemo A1 - Volkmann, Christine T1 - From distinctiveness to optimal distinctiveness: External endorsements, innovativeness and new venture funding T2 - Journal of Business Venturing N2 - We examine how external endorsements help new ventures with varying degrees of innovativeness to attract funding. According to optimal distinctiveness theory, new ventures should be as different from competitors as legitimately possible. However, initial research suggests that new ventures can also buffer their legitimacy through external endorsements. We clarify that effects of such legitimacy buffers depend critically on an audience's unique legitimacy-distinctiveness relationship. Specifically, external endorsements lead to different predictions about shifts in optimal distinctiveness for return-seeking audiences compared to novelty-seeking audiences as relevant new venture funders. For return-seeking audiences, new ventures are perceived as less legitimate when they are non-innovative or radically innovative so that incrementally innovative new ventures are most attractive without endorsements. External endorsements can thus buffer the legitimacy of non-innovative and radically innovative new ventures, but they lead to different performance implications for a return-seeking audience. While non-innovative new ventures increase their attractiveness, only radically innovative new ventures can become optimally distinctive and outperform other distinctiveness configurations. In contrast, novelty-seeking audiences already have a higher tolerance for radically innovative new ventures, so the effects of external endorsements are less pronounced. Four empirical studies, using observational data and experiments in equity and reward-based crowdfunding, provide strong support for this theory and account for alternative explanations such as risk perceptions. In turn, we shed new light on the crucial, audience-specific function of external endorsements, namely, as a means to alter optimal distinctiveness levels. KW - Entreprenuership KW - Crowdfunding KW - Legitimacy KW - Optimal distinctiveness KW - innnovation KW - radical innovation Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2023.106340 SN - 0883-9026 VL - 39 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey A1 - Safdar, Muddasar A1 - Lewis, Allana A1 - Radacsi, Norbert A1 - Fan, Xianfeng A1 - Huang, Yi T1 - Superhydrophobic ZIF-67 with exceptional hydrostability T2 - Materials Today Advances N2 - In this work, cosolvent-stabilized superhydrophobic, highly hydrostable ZIF-67 was synthesized at room temperature using a facile, one-pot hydrothermal synthesis route, and the effect of cosolvent concentration on ZIF-67 crystal structure properties and hydrostability was studied systematically. The underlying mechanism for the cosolvent-supported hydrostability improvement was also proposed. Furthermore, the influence of hydrotreatment on the resultant ZIF-67s' catalytic performance was studied in the ‘Sabatier reaction’ for CO2 to synthetic natural gas (CH4) conversion. KW - ZIF-67 KW - Superhydrophobicity KW - Hydrostability KW - Cosolvent-stabilization KW - CO2 methanation Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtadv.2023.100448 SN - 2590-0498 VL - Vol. 20 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schäfer, Maximilian A1 - Kowalski, Marlene A1 - Retkowski, Alexandra T1 - "Von unserer Sexualität geben wir nichts preis". Kollektive Erfahrungen und Umgangsweisen mit Sexualität in Teams der Sozialen Arbeit T2 - Zeitschrift für qualitative Forschung N2 - In dem Beitrag werden zentrale Ergebnisse aus der BMBF-geförderten Studie „Kollektiver Umgang mit Sexualität, Nähe und Distanz (KoSeNDis)“ vorgestellt, in der aus qualitativ-rekonstruktiver Perspektive untersucht wurde, welche kollektiven Erfahrungsräume Fachkräfte der Sozialen Arbeit in Bezug auf Sexualität in ihrem Arbeitsalltag teilen. Sensibilisiert durch organisations- und sexualitätstheoretische Überlegungen werden Gruppendiskussionen mit Fachkräften aus zwei Handlungsfeldern der Sozialen Arbeit vorgestellt, die mit der dokumentarischen Methode ausgewertet wurden. Im Beitrag werden die kollektiven Erfahrungsräume von Fachkräften aus den Handlungsfeldern der Sexualberatung und derHeimerziehung rekonstruiert und daran anschließend vergleichende Betrachtungen vorgenommen. Die Ergebnisse der Rekonstruktionen und Fallvergleiche legen nahe, dass das Thema Sexualität in diesen Handlungsfeldern bedeutsam ist und im Arbeitsalltag vorkommt, wenngleich daraus von den Fachkräften aber nicht immer ein beruflicher Auftrag abgeleitet wird. Stattdessen wird Sexualität von den Fachkräften auch als ein Thema erlebt, das die eigenen beruflichen und persönlichen Grenzen potenziell verletzt. Damit gehen zentrale Implikationen für die Ausbildung und Professionalisierung von Fachkräften in der Sozialen Arbeit einher. KW - Sexualität KW - sexualisierte Gewalt KW - Organisationen KW - Soziale Arbeit KW - Dokumentarische Methode Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3224/zqf.v24i1.01 SN - 2196-2146 SN - 2196-2138 VL - 24 IS - 1 SP - 156 EP - 172 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zeißig, Hanna A1 - Eichenauer, Eva A1 - Gailing, Ludger T1 - Gerechtigkeit und räumliche Transformationen. Eine Analyse der Fördermittelvergabe im Zuge des Kohleausstiegs in der brandenburgischen Lausitz T2 - Berichte. Geographie und Landeskunde KW - Anerkennungsgerechtigkeit KW - räumliche Gerechtigkeit KW - Strukturwandel KW - Verfahrensgerechtigkeit KW - Verteilungsgerechtigkeit Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.25162/bgl-2023-0019 SN - 2196-6184 SN - 2748-0240 VL - 96 IS - 4 SP - 386 EP - 406 ER - TY - GEN A1 - König, Paul A1 - Sharma, Dikshant A1 - Konda, Karunakar Reddy A1 - Xie, Tianxiao A1 - Höschler, Klaus T1 - Comprehensive Review on Cooling of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors and Their Qualitative Assessment for Aerospace Applications T2 - Energies N2 - The permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) can be a suitable candidate for electrified propulsion in aviation. Despite the very high efficiency, heat dissipation during operation leads to performance limitations. Elevated temperatures in the electrical insulations and the magnets pose a potential safety risk that must be reduced by selective cooling. A comprehensive review is conducted to capture current research interests in cooling methods in PMSM. Cooling methods are described according to their heat transfer mechanism, grouped, and assigned to the components within the motor. Key findings of the literature reviewed are described in the context of PMSM cooling. Information on cooling media and potential combinations of cooling methods in components is gathered. Assessment parameters such as safety, weight, effectiveness, integrability, complexity and cost are defined to enable a subsequent qualitative analysis for six selected cooling methods. A point-weighted evaluation approach, according to VDI 2225, was applied to identify the most promising cooling approach for successful implementation in aviation. KW - electrical machines KW - electric aviation KW - motor cooling KW - PMSM KW - thermal management Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/22/7524 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/en16227524 SN - 1996-1073 VL - 16 IS - 22 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fuhrmann, Gregor T1 - Warming up – Didaktische Analyse als musikpädagogische Aufwärmübung T2 - Üben & Musizieren N2 - Auch wenn gelingender Unterricht in günstigen Momenten immer wieder auf den Beistand intuitiver Eingebungen vertrauen darf, treten in einer systematischen Didaktischen Analyse eines Musikstücks oftmals ungenutzte Potenziale künstlerisch-pädagogischer Inspiration zutage. Wer ihre flexibilisierenden Wirkungen an sich selbst erfahren hat, kann die vorwegnehmende Imagination musikalischer und spieltechnischer Details zu einer bereichernden „gymnastischen“ Routine werden lassen. KW - Musikpädagogik KW - Instrumental- und Gesangspädagogik KW - Didaktische Analyse KW - Musik Y1 - 2023 UR - https://uebenundmusizieren.de/artikel/warming-up/ SN - 0174-6065 IS - 5 SP - 14 EP - 18 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fuhrmann, Gregor T1 - Gemeinsam nachhaltig ins Ungewisse. #bechange – Das Stegreif Orchester und sein Workshopkonzept zu Gast an der BTU Cottbus-Senftenberg T2 - Üben & Musizieren N2 - Im Rahmen ihres deutschlandweiten, von der Bundesbeauftragten für Kultur und Medien geförderten Projekts „#bechange – 17 Klänge der Nachhaltigkeit“ machten die MusikerInnen des Stegreif Orchesters vom 20. bis 23. Juli 2023 auch am Institut für Instrumental- und Gesangspädagogik der Brandenburgischen Technischen Universität Cottbus-Senftenberg Station. Innenperspektiven eines Teilnehmenden. KW - Musikpädagogik KW - Instrumental- und Gesangspädagogik KW - Stegreif Orchester KW - #bechange KW - Improvisation KW - Kreative Musikpädagogik KW - Musik KW - IKMZ Cottbus Y1 - 2023 UR - https://uebenundmusizieren.de/artikel/gemeinsam-nachhaltig-ins-ungewisse/ SN - 0174-6065 IS - 6 SP - 52 EP - 53 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoxha, Isabelle A1 - Chevallier, Sylvain A1 - Ciarchi, Matteo A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Delorme, Arnaud A1 - Amorim, Michel‐Ange T1 - Accounting for endogenous effects in decision‐making with a non‐linear diffusion decision model T2 - Scientific Reports N2 - The Drift‐Diffusion Model (DDM) is widely accepted for two‐alternative forced‐choice decision paradigms thanks to its simple formalism and close fit to behavioral and neurophysiological data. However, this formalism presents strong limitations in capturing inter‐trial dynamics at the single‐ trial level and endogenous influences. We propose a novel model, the non‐linear Drift‐Diffusion Model (nl‐DDM), that addresses these issues by allowing the existence of several trajectories to the decision boundary. We show that the non‐linear model performs better than the drift‐diffusion model for an equivalent complexity. To give better intuition on the meaning of nl‐DDM parameters, we compare the DDM and the nl‐DDM through correlation analysis. This paper provides evidence of the functioning of our model as an extension of the DDM. Moreover, we show that the nl‐DDM captures time effects better than the DDM. Our model paves the way toward more accurately analyzing across‐trial variability for perceptual decisions and accounts for peri‐stimulus influences. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-32841-9 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kremmyda, Olympia A1 - Rettinger, Nicole A1 - Strupp, Michael A1 - Büttner, Ulrich A1 - Glasauer, Stefan T1 - Teaching Video NeuroImages: Unilateral RIMLF lesion. Pathologic eye movement torsion indicates lesion side and site T2 - Neurology Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000207003 SN - 0028-3878 VL - 100 IS - 16, Supplement 1 SP - S182 EP - S183 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Asli, Majid A1 - König, Paul A1 - Sharma, Dikshant A1 - Pontika, Evangelia A1 - Huete, Jon A1 - Konda, Karunakar Reddy A1 - Mathiazhagan, Akilan A1 - Xie, Tianxiao A1 - Höschler, Klaus A1 - Laskaridis, Panagiotis T1 - Thermal management challenges in hybrid-electric propulsion aircraft T2 - Progress in Aerospace Sciences N2 - The utilization of hybrid electric propulsion concept in aviation offers a viable solution to address the limitations posed by the relatively low energy density of batteries in fully electric aviation. These hybrid systems enable the aircraft to achieve a significant range while simultaneously minimizing carbon emissions. While the individual components of a Hybrid Electric Propulsion (HEP) system, such as electric motors and batteries, are designed with high efficiency, their integration presents a significant challenge in the realm of thermal management. Designing an efficient system for managing the substantial waste heat generated by heat sources and effectively transferring it to heat sinks during various flight phases is a complex task. This challenge becomes even more critical as the design must adhere to system weight limits and prioritize aviation safety considerations. In this review article, we performed a systematic review of the challenges related to the key elements in a thermal management system. These elements encompass every component or subsystem that contributes to the thermal management of a generic hybrid-electric propulsion system. This includes electric motors and generators, batteries, heat exchangers, power transmission systems, power distribution systems, storages, fuel cells, cooling fluids and pipes, control system, pumps and fans. Following the identification of the challenges, the paper provides a comprehensive summary of the existing solutions that have been offered and pursued by the community to address the challenges. Furthermore, the paper also discusses emerging technologies related to each element, highlighting their potential in overcoming these challenges. KW - thermal management KW - Hybrid electric propulsion Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0376042123000830 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paerosci.2023.100967 SN - 1873-1724 VL - 144 SP - 1 EP - 29 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dahmani, Marwa A1 - Fellah, Mamoun A1 - Hezil, Naouel A1 - Benoudia, Mohamed-Cherif A1 - Samad, Mohammed Abdul A1 - Alburaikan, Alhanouf A1 - Khalifa, Hamiden Abd El-Wahed A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei T1 - Structural and mechanical evaluation of a new Ti-Nb-Mo alloy produced by high-energy ball milling with variable milling time for biomedical applications T2 - The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology N2 - The main focus of this work is to investigate the impact of varying milling times (2 to 18 h) on the structural and mechanical properties of the developed Ti-Nb-Mo alloy. The morphology, phase composition, microstructure, and mechanical behavior of milled and sintered Ti-25Nb-25Mo alloy samples were characterized systematically using x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, optical microscope, and Vicker microhardness. It was noted that the quantity of the β-Ti phase increased as the milling time increased. After 12 h of milling, the synthesized alloys exhibited a spherical morphology and texture with homogeneous distribution. The milled alloys' structural evolution and morphological changes were found to be dependent on their milling duration. Morphological analysis revealed that the crystallite size and mean pore size decreased when the milling duration increased, reaching minimum values of 51 nm and < 1 μm, after 12 and 18 h respectively. As the milling time increased, the grain size decreased, resulting in an increase in density, microhardness, and elastic modulus. Ti-25Nb-25Mo will presents good anti-wear ability and higher resistance to plastic deformation due to enhanced mechanical characteristics (H/E, and H3/E2). Hence, the developed Ti-25Nb-25Mo alloys with reduced elastic modulus and desirable mechanical properties were found to be a promising option for biomedical applications. KW - Ti-25Nb-25Mo alloy KW - High-energy ball milling KW - Milling time KW - Structural evolution KW - Nanoparticle KW - Biomedical applications Y1 - 2023 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00170-023-12650-0 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-023-12650-0 SN - 1433-3015 VL - 129 IS - 11-12 SP - 4971 EP - 4991 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fellah, Mamoun A1 - Hezil, Naouel A1 - Bouras, Dikra A1 - Montagne, Alex A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Jamshed, Wasim A1 - Ibrahim, Rabha W. A1 - Iqbal, Amjad A1 - El Din, Sayed M. A1 - Khalifa, Hamiden Abd El-Wahed T1 - Investigating the effect of milling time on structural, mechanical and tribological properties of a nanostructured hiped alpha alumina for biomaterial applications T2 - Arabian Journal of Chemistry N2 - In this work was prepared α-Al2O3 alloys from laboratory aluminum oxide powder that was milled for different periods of time and sintered at a temperature of 1450 °C. The difference between the prepared samples was studied using several experimental measurement techniques, including X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and measurement of physical and mechanical properties. Moreover, the effect of milling time on the formation and sintering of alpha-alumina, by milling the mixture at different times using high energy crushing technique was studied. An influence of milling time on density, open spaces and microstructure of the samples was analyzed. The obtained results showed that longer milling duration led to alloys with higher hardness (H) and modulus of elasticity (E). This improvement is due to lower porosity and corresponding higher density at high temperatures. A noticeable decrease in the size of the particles with the increase of the milling time led to an increase in the lattice parameter accompanied by a decrease in defects and ionic voids. The percentage of pores reached 0.04 % within 24 h of grinding after it was approximately 0.20 %, while the density reached 96 % after the same highest grinding time. Tests showed that the value of friction coefficient decreases, while it increases with the increase in the applied pressure force and this was confirmed by SEM images of the samples. the main factor to reduce friction is the increase in grinding time, regardless of the value of the applied load. The results showed that the Al2O3 alloy applied to it with a load of 2 N and milled for 24 h had a minimum value of 1.94 µm3 wear volumes and a wear rate of 1.33 (µm3∙N−1∙µm−1). The sample milled for 24 h showed the best result, characterized by the lowest wear size, specific wear rate and the highest hardness with extraordinary density of 96 %, which is important in the field of biomaterials applications. KW - α-Al2O3 KW - Milling time KW - Nanomaterials KW - Particle size KW - Hardness KW - Biomaterials KW - Biomedical applications Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878535223005749 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.105112 SN - 1878-5379 VL - 16 IS - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - De Tomás Marin, Sergio A1 - Galán Díaz, Javier A1 - Rodriguez-Calcerrada, Jesus A1 - Prieto, Ivan A1 - Garcia de la Riva, Enrique T1 - Linking functional composition moments of the sub-Mediterranean ecotone with environmental drivers T2 - Frontiers in Plant Science Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2023.1303022 SN - 1664-462X VL - 14 ER - TY - GEN A1 - De Tomás Marín, Sergio A1 - Rodríguez-Calcerrada, Jesús A1 - Arenas-Castro, Salvador A1 - Prieto, Iván A1 - González, Guillermo A1 - Gil, Luis A1 - Garcia de la Riva, Enrique T1 - Fagus sylvatica and Quercus pyrenaica: Two neighbors with few things in common T2 - Forest Ecosystems KW - Environmental niche KW - European beech KW - Forest dynamics KW - Functional niche KW - Hypervolume KW - Pyrenean oak KW - Species coexistence KW - Sub-Mediterranean community Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fecs.2023.100097 SN - 2197-5620 VL - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Triantafyllidis, Theodoros A1 - Grandas Tavera, Carlos Eduardo T1 - Quasi‐statischer Ansatz der seismischen Anregung von Böschungen mit nicht‐linearer Wellenausbreitung T2 - Bautechnik N2 - Für vereinfachte Stabilitätsbetrachtungen von Böschungen bei Erdbebenbelastungen werden pseudo‐statische Verfahren benutzt. In diesem Beitrag wird eine Methode vorgestellt, wie man mit einfachen Mitteln der nicht‐linearen Wellenausbreitung einen auf physikalischer Grundlage ermittelten pseudo‐statischen Koeffizienten zur Standsicherheitsbetrachtung von Böschungen herleiten kann. Für einige Erdbauwerke oder Böschungen führen die erhöhten Anforderungen durch die Berücksichtigung einer seismischen Belastung für 2500‐jährige Wiederkehrperioden und die Verwendung von vereinfachten pseudo‐statischen Verfahren zu Sicherheitsfaktoren kleiner eins. Anhand eines Beispiels einer Restseeböschung wurde das Verfahren zur Ermittlung eines pseudo‐statischen Koeffizienten erläutert und mit der Berechnung der permanenten Verformungen gezeigt, dass auch Gleichgewichtszustände für den Sicherheitsfaktor kleiner eins existieren und die Bemessung in solchen Fällen sich eher auf die Zulässigkeit dieser Verformungen im Hinblick auf die Nutzungsbeeinträchtigung und Vulnerabilität (Sekundärgefährdung) des Hinterlandes konzentrieren sollte. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org//10.1002/bate.201200050 SN - 0932-8351 SN - 1437-0999 VL - 90 IS - 1 SP - 51 EP - 62 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grandas Tavera, Carlos Eduardo A1 - Triantafyllidis, Theodoros T1 - Simulation of a corner slurry trench failure in clay T2 - Computers and Geotechnics N2 - Some analytical methods have been proposed for the computation of the stability of plane open trenches supported by bentonite slurry. Nevertheless, there is no validated analytical method for the case of non-plane trenches which are required as stiff watertight corners in excavation pits. Simplified approaches replace the geometry of the corner (non-plane) trench by an equivalent plane trench. In this work it is shown, that some of these approaches are not adequate, as they oversimplify the geometry of the sliding body in the limit state and may overestimate the factor of safety against failure. Using a 3D finite element model it was possible to identify the geometry of the sliding body by simulating the stepwise excavation process of a corner trench in normal consolidated clay and its failure due to the reduction of bentonite support. The influence of the geometry of the trench, drainage conditions, material properties and anisotropy of the soil has been considered. In contrast to the simplified sliding body with the shape of a wedge on which analytical methods are based, the sliding body observed in the simulations has the shape of a quarter of a vertical cylinder, intersected by an inclined plane at its bottom. Y1 - 2012 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0266352X12000742 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2012.05.007 SN - 1873-7633 SN - 0266-352X VL - 45 SP - 107 EP - 117 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Triantafyllidis, Theodoros A1 - Vogelsang, Jakob A1 - Grandas Tavera, Carlos Eduardo T1 - Zur Standsicherheit suspensiongestützter Eckschlitzwandelemente T2 - Bautechnik N2 - Der Nachweis der Standsicherheit von nicht‐ebenen Erdschlitzen, z. B. an einer Schlitzwandecke, ist mit dem vorhandenen Normenwerk nicht abgedeckt und auch nicht einfach zu erbringen. Dieser Artikel soll daher einige Erkenntnisse aus Vergleichsberechnungen mit sog. erweiterten DIN 4126‐Ansätzen und 3D‐Simulationen mit FE‐Methoden hinsichtlich des Einflusses der Schlitzdicke auf die Nachweisführung von Eckschlitzen mitteilen. Die Grundsätze der Nachweisführung mit vereinfachten ebenen Ansätzen für die Eckschlitze wurden in [1] dargelegt. Aufgrund der Anregungen aus der Anwendung in der Praxis wurden Ergänzungen vorgenommen, um das Verfahren auch für relativ dicke Erdschlitze sinnvoll anwenden zu können. Y1 - 2011 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/bate.201101501 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/bate.201101501 SN - 1437-0999 SN - 0932-8351 VL - 88 IS - 9 SP - 617 EP - 626 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Niemunis, Andrzej A1 - Prada-Sarmiento, L. F. A1 - Grandas Tavera, Carlos Eduardo T1 - Extended paraelasticity and its application to a boundary value problem T2 - Acta Geotechnica N2 - Paraelasticity (PE) is a hysteretic, fully reversible model with rate-independent damping and with variable secant stiffness. PE has been proposed in the companion paper (Niemunis et al. in Acta Geotech, 2011) for the 3D case. Here, paraelasticity is extended for demanding application in geomechanics by implementation of a reversible dilatancy–contractancy. Moreover, an implicit FE implementation for Abaqus and calculation of a boundary value problem are presented. Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11440-011-0138-3 SN - 1861-1133 SN - 1861-1125 VL - 6 IS - 2 SP - 81 EP - 92 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Niemunis, Andrzej A1 - Prada-Sarmiento, L. F. A1 - Grandas Tavera, Carlos Eduardo T1 - Paraelasticity T2 - Acta Geotechnica N2 - A 3D hysteretic, fully reversible constitutive model with rate-independent damping and with variable secant stiffness is proposed. A reversible dilatancy–contractancy effect is an optional feature as described in the companion paper (Niemunis et al. in Acta Geotech, 2011). The present paper describes the basic aspects of the model only. A strain path reversal is defined, and a treatment of the past reversals using a stack structure is proposed. Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11440-011-0137-4 SN - 1861-1125 SN - 1861-1133 VL - 6 IS - 2 SP - 67 EP - 80 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Niemunis, Andrzej A1 - Grandas Tavera, Carlos Eduardo A1 - Prada-Sarmiento, L. F. T1 - Anisotropic visco-hypoplasticity T2 - Acta Geotechnica N2 - Apart from time-driven creep or relaxation, most viscoplastic models (without plastic and viscous strain separation) generate no or a very limited accumulation of strain or stress due to cyclic loading. Such pseudo-relaxation (or pseudo-creep) is either absent or dwindles too fast with increasing OCR. For example, the accumulation of the pore water pressure and eventual liquefaction due to cyclic loading cannot be adequately reproduced. The proposed combination of a viscous model and a hypoplastic model can circumvent this problem. The novel visco-hypoplasticity model presented in the paper is based on an anisotropic preconsolidation surface. It can distinguish between the undrained strength upon triaxial vertical loading and horizontal loading. The strain-induced anisotropy is described using a second-order structure tensor. The implicit time integration with the consistent Jacobian matrix is presented. For the tensorial manipulation including numerous Fréchet derivatives, a special package has been developed within the algebra program MATHEMATICA (registered trade mark of Wolfram Research Inc.). The results can be conveniently coded using a special FORTRAN 90 module for tensorial operations. Simulations of element tests from biaxial apparatus and FE calculations are also shown. Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11440-009-0106-3 SN - 1861-1133 SN - 1861-1125 VL - 4 IS - 4 SP - 293 EP - 314 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Buchwald, Tom A1 - Hasanuzzaman, Gazi A1 - Merbold, Sebastian A1 - Schanz, Daniel A1 - Egbers, Christoph A1 - Schröder, Andreas T1 - Large-scale flow field and aerosol particle transport investigations in a classroom using 2D-Shake-The-Box Lagrangian Particle Tracking T2 - Heliyon Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22826 SN - 2405-8440 VL - 9 IS - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bouras, Dikra A1 - Fellah, Mamoun A1 - Barille, Regis A1 - Weiß, Sabine A1 - Samad, Mohammed Abdul A1 - Alburaikan, Alhanouf A1 - Khalifa, Hamiden Abd El-Wahed A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei T1 - Improvement of photocatalytic performance and sensitive ultraviolet photodetectors using AC-ZnO/ZC-Ag2O/AZ-CuO multilayers nanocomposite prepared by spin coating method T2 - Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices N2 - Morphological and optical properties of a multilayer film (CAZO/CZAO/ZACO) prepared by spin-coating method and deposited on a glass substrate were evaluated. The study was initially carried out for each layer, individually and then as a multilayer subsequently. Structural properties using X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), infrared spectra (IR) and X-ray photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) showed the presence of three phases of zinc, copper and silver oxides at different levels. The CZAO sample observed with scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed an excellent porous surface with a large deformation in the multilayer configuration. Doping with zinc and copper in the silver crystal lattice improved the crystal structure and reduced the optical energy gap, thus increasing the optical absorbance and refractive index. The dielectric constants and showed an increase in the optical polarization values for lower photonic energies. The maximum degradation rate for photocatalysts of methylene blue was 89 % for a 5-h exposure period with CAZO/CZAO/ZACO while it reached 71 % for the CZAO sample during the same time period. The sensitivity of samples to light proved that the presence of ultraviolet radiation increases the number of holes trapped by oxygen ions and causes more free electrons and contribute to a better production of photocurrent than in darkness. KW - Multilayer CAZO/CZAO/ZACO KW - Spin-coating KW - Energy gap KW - Photocatalysis KW - Photodetector KW - Nanostructures KW - Nanocomposites Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsamd.2023.100642 SN - 2468-2179 VL - 9 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwarz, Astrid T1 - Nachgefragt - Einblicke in den Forschungsalltag T2 - Forschung & Lehre N2 - Ausgehend von meiner Expertise in Technikphilosophie und Ökologie beschäftige ich mich mit der Beobachtung und Beschreibung der Genese und Transformation von Objekten und Prozessen in einer technisierten Umwelt. Die Objekte können im wissenschaftlichen Kontext entstanden sein und für die Alltagspraxis relevant werden, die Prozesse epistemischer, technischer oder sozioökologischer Art sein. Mit der technisierten Umwelt sind in meiner Forschung Beziehungsgefüge von Natur, Technik und Mensch gemeint. Solche Beziehungsgefüge bieten sich an als produktiver Denk- und Aktionsraum, in dem Fragen nach der Entstehung von Entitäten aus Beziehungen und von Beziehungen aus Entitäten verfolgt werden. Sind die Objekte einfach da und gehen Relationen ein oder sind die Relationen vorrangig? Wie ist ein Smartphone oder eine Zuchtpflanze dann zu beschreiben, wie die Konstituierung, Durchdringung und Gestaltung des Untersuchungs-gegenstands zu verstehen? Damit schließen wir an Fragen an, wie sie im Forschungsbereich des sogenannten neuen Materialismus gestellt werden. KW - Technikphilosophie KW - Umweltanthropologie KW - Interdisziplinarität Y1 - 2023 SN - 0945-5604 VL - 30 IS - 12 SP - 908 EP - 909 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Castellanos, Melisa A1 - Wettstein, Alexander A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Wachs, Sebastian T1 - Racist Hate Speech at School and its Association with Bystanders’ Active Defending – The Protective Role of Immigrant Background T2 - International Journal of Developmental Science N2 - There are scarce studies on bystanders’ responses to racist hate speech. The present study was rooted in the general aggression model to examine the direct and indirect associations between witnessing racist hate speech and bystanders’ active defending behaviors. Moreover, we examined if these associations varied as a function of the immigration background of bystanders. The sample included 3,225 7th, 8th, and 9th graders (51.7% girls, 37.2% with an immigrant background) from 40 schools in Switzerland and Germany. A multilevel mediation path model revealed that witnessing racist hate speech negatively predicted bystanders’ active defending. It also had indirect associations with bystanders’ active defending via low levels of empathy. Finally, associations were not observed in students with an immigrant background. The findings regarding the potential contribution of these results to preventing hate speech in school are discussed. KW - hate speech KW - general aggression model KW - bystanders' responses KW - desensitization KW - migration background Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/DEV-230341 SN - 2192-001X SN - 2191-7485 VL - 17 IS - 1-3 SP - 31 EP - 41 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wallander, Harald J. A1 - Gajdek, Dorotea A1 - Albertin, Stefano A1 - Harlow, Gary A1 - Braud, Nicolas A1 - Buß, Lars A1 - Krisponeit, Jon-Olaf A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo A1 - Falta, Jens A1 - Lundgren, Edvin A1 - Merte, Lindsay R. T1 - Dynamic Behavior of Tin at Platinum Surfaces during Catalytic CO Oxidation T2 - ACS Catalysis N2 - Platinum–tin surfaces are active for CO oxidation, but their activity and the effects of tin oxide phases that form under reaction conditions are poorly understood. We have studied surface alloys of tin prepared on platinum single crystals during catalytic CO oxidation using near-ambient-pressure X-ray photoemission spectroscopy. On the flat terraces of Sn/Pt(111), a wetting layer of Sn(II) surface oxide forms, while on the stepped Sn/Pt(223) surface, 3D clusters of Sn(IV) oxide are formed. Oxidation of tin by O2 competes with the reduction of the oxides by CO under reaction conditions. Oxides that do not completely cover the surface can be reduced to metallic tin, while a fully covering layer of Sn(II) oxide cannot, showing the importance of oxide edge sites for the reduction process. The samples where 2D oxide layers are formed show a higher CO oxidation activity than for pure platinum at low temperatures, while the Sn(IV) oxide clusters on the stepped surfaces do not affect the measured CO oxidation rate. We therefore identify 2D Sn(II) oxide as an active phase for CO oxidation. While oxide island edges appear to make only minor contributions to conversion under these conditions, reactions at these sites play a major role in determining the phases present and their transformations. KW - operando KW - CO oxidation KW - platinum KW - tin KW - oxides KW - alloys KW - stepped surfaces Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.3c04657 SN - 2155-5435 VL - 13 IS - 24 SP - 16158 EP - 16167 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Conte, Marc N. A1 - Hansen, Kristiana A1 - Horton, Kyle A1 - Ritten, Chian Jones A1 - Palm-Forster, Leah H. A1 - Shogren, Jason F. A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Wyckoff, Teal A1 - Albers, Heidi J. T1 - A framework for evaluating mechanisms to support seasonal migratory species T2 - Review of Environmental Economics and Policy Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1086/724032 SN - 1750-6816 VL - 17 IS - 1 SP - 132 EP - 151 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Markova-Nenova, Nonka A1 - Engler, Jan O. A1 - Cord, Anna F. A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - Will passive acoustic monitoring make result-based payments more attractive? A cost comparison with human observation for farmland bird monitoring T2 - Conservation Science and Practice Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/csp2.13003 SN - 2578-4854 VL - 5 IS - 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hao, Zhengzheng A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Sturm, Astrid T1 - A Spatially Explicit Hydro-Economic Modeling Procedure to Design Cost-Effective Agri-Environment Schemes for Mitigating Water Pollution from Cropland T2 - Water Economics and Policy Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1142/S2382624X23400118 SN - 2382-624X VL - 9 IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cheng, Si A1 - Chen, Siyi A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Keeser, Daniel A1 - Shi, Zhuanghua T1 - Neural mechanisms of sequential dependence in time perception: the impact of prior task and memory processing T2 - Cerebral Cortex N2 - Our perception and decision-making are susceptible to prior context. Such sequential dependence has been extensively studied in the visual domain, but less is known about its impact on time perception. Moreover, there are ongoing debates about whether these sequential biases occur at the perceptual stage or during subsequent post-perceptual processing. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we investigated neural mechanisms underlying temporal sequential dependence and the role of action in time judgments across trials. Participants performed a timing task where they had to remember the duration of green coherent motion and were cued to either actively reproduce its duration or simply view it passively. We found that sequential biases in time perception were only evident when the preceding task involved active duration reproduction. Merely encoding a prior duration without reproduction failed to induce such biases. Neurally, we observed activation in networks associated with timing, such as striato-thalamo-cortical circuits, and performance monitoring networks, particularly when a “Response” trial was anticipated. Importantly, the hippocampus showed sensitivity to these sequential biases, and its activation negatively correlated with the individual’s sequential bias following active reproduction trials. These findings highlight the significant role of memory networks in shaping time-related sequential biases at the post-perceptual stages. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhad453 SN - 1460-2199 VL - 34(2024) IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 14 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rueda-Escobedo, Juan G. A1 - Metzkow, René A1 - Schiffer, Johannes T1 - Robust current control of IPMSM drives under uncertain and varying inductances T2 - Automatica N2 - Interior permanent magnet synchronous machines (IPMSMs) are gaining popularity in e-mobility applications due to their wide constant power speed range when compared with other electric motors. The high-performance of IPMSMs is due to the pronounced degree of magnetic saliency, which originates from embedding their magnets inside the rotor. Yet, this feature complicates their control since it increases nonlinear phenomena such as cross-magnetization and saturation. This results in pronounced variations of the machine inductances, which are highly dependent on the machine current. This behaviour is of particular relevance in e-mobility applications, where a highly dynamic operation of the machine is required. In contrast to most existing current control approaches, where precise inductance knowledge is required, we address this challenge by deriving a controller that exploits the machine dynamics to achieve exponential current tracking in the presence of unknown and varying inductances. By interpreting the flux linkage as a modelled disturbance, we propose a dynamic compensator based on the internal model principle. As a by-product, the method provides an estimate of the flux linkage. The gain in performance compared to the standard PI controller is illustrated in simulation. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.automatica.2023.110998 SN - 0005-1098 VL - 152 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schiffer, Johannes A1 - Efimov, Denis T1 - Strong and Weak Leonov Functions for Global Boundedness of State Periodic Systems T2 - IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control N2 - We present new results for the analysis of global boundedness of state periodic systems. Thereby, we address both the case of systems, whose dynamics is periodic with respect to a part of the state vector, and the case of systems, whose dynamics is periodic with respect to all state variables. To derive the results, the notion of strong Leonov functions is introduced. The main results are complemented by a number of relaxations based on the concept of weak Leonov functions. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TAC.2023.3251903 SN - 0018-9286 SN - 1558-2523 VL - 68 IS - 12 SP - 7958 EP - 7965 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kayatas, Zafer A1 - Bestle, Dieter A1 - Bestle, Pascal A1 - Reick, Robin T1 - Generation of Realistic Cut-in Maneuvers to Support Safety Assessment of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems T2 - Applied Mechanics Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/applmech4040054 SN - 2673-3161 VL - 4 IS - 4 SP - 1066 EP - 1077 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Moore, Taraysha D. A1 - Martin-Creuzburg, Dominik A1 - Yampolsky, Lev Y. T1 - Diet effects on longevity, heat tolerance, lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial membrane potential in Daphnia. T2 - Oecologia KW - PUFA KW - Lipid Peroxidation Y1 - 2023 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00442-023-05382-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-023-05382-1 SN - 0029-8549 VL - 202 IS - 1 SP - 151 EP - 163 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bonhage, Alexander A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Ouimet, William A1 - Völkel, Jörg A1 - Ramezany, Shaghayegh T1 - From site to state – Quantifying multi-scale legacy effects of historic landforms from charcoal production on soils in Connecticut, USA T2 - Catena Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2023.107426 SN - 0341-8162 VL - 232 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Verschoof-van der Vaart, Wouter A1 - Bonhage, Alexander A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Ouimet, William A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Automated large-scale mapping and analysis of relict charcoal hearths in Connecticut (USA) using a Deep Learning YOLOv4 framework T2 - Archaeological Prospection Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/arp.1889 SN - 1099-0763 SN - 1075-2196 VL - 30 IS - 3 SP - 251 EP - 266 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sut-Lohmann, Magdalena A1 - Grimm, Mark A1 - Kästner, Friederike A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Brassica juncea as a Feasible Hyperaccumulator of chosen potentially toxic metals under extreme environmental conditions T2 - International Journal of Environmental Research Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s41742-023-00528-8 SN - 1735-6865 VL - 17 IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Malik, Ireneusz A1 - Bohr, Marcin A1 - Wistuba, Małgorzata A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Bonhage, Alexander A1 - Verschoof-van der Vaart, Wouter A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Woskowicz-Ślęzak, Beata T1 - Multi-Period Ore Exploitation in Upper Silesia, Central Europe T2 - Journal of Field Archaeology Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/00934690.2023.2200583 SN - 0093-4690 VL - 48 IS - 5 SP - 366 EP - 379 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pan, Mengguan A1 - Liu, Shengheng A1 - Liu, Peng A1 - Qi, Wangdong A1 - Huang, Yongming A1 - Zheng, Wang A1 - Wu, Qihui A1 - Gardill, Markus T1 - In Situ Calibration of Antenna Arrays for Positioning With 5G Networks T2 - IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2023.3256532 SN - 0018-9480 SN - 1557-9670 VL - 71 IS - 10 SP - 4600 EP - 4613 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rao, Megha Krishnaji A1 - Dörner, Ralf A1 - Chevtchenko, Serguei A. A1 - Haque, Sanaul A1 - Rudolph, Matthias T1 - Common-Gate LNA MMIC With Switching Feature Using GaN-HEMT for 5G RF Front-Ende T2 - IEEE Microwave and Wireless Technology Letters Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWT.2023.3306177 SN - 2771-9588 SN - 2771-957X VL - 33 IS - 10 SP - 1446 EP - 1449 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Haas, Manuel A1 - Ackermann, Gabriel A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner A1 - Glatt, Hansruedi A1 - Schrenk, Dieter A1 - Fahrer, Jörg T1 - OCT1-dependent uptake of structurally diverse pyrrolizidine alkaloids in human liver cells is crucial for their genotoxic and cytotoxic effects T2 - Archives of Toxicology N2 - Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are important plant hepatotoxins, which occur as contaminants in plant-based foods, feeds and phytomedicines. Numerous studies demonstrated that the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of PAs depend on their chemical structure, allowing for potency ranking and grouping. Organic cation transporter-1 (OCT1) was previously shown to be involved in the cellular uptake of the cyclic PA diesters monocrotaline, retrorsine and senescionine. However, little is known about the structure-dependent transport of PAs. Therefore, we investigated the impact of OCT1 on the uptake and toxicity of three structurally diverse PAs (heliotrine, lasiocarpine and riddelliine) differing in their degree and type of esterification in metabolically competent human liver cell models and hamster fibroblasts. Human HepG2-CYP3A4 liver cells were exposed to the respective PA in the presence or absence of the OCT1-inhibitors D-THP and quinidine, revealing a strongly attenuated cytotoxicity upon OCT1 inhibition. The same experiments were repeated in V79-CYP3A4 hamster fibroblasts, confirming that OCT1 inhibition prevents the cytotoxic effects of all tested PAs. Interestingly, OCT1 protein levels were much lower in V79-CYP3A4 than in HepG2-CYP3A4 cells, which correlated with their lower susceptibility to PA-induced cytotoxicity. The cytoprotective effect of OCT1 inhibiton was also demonstrated in primary human hepatocytes following PA exposure. Our experiments further showed that the genotoxic effects triggered by the three PAs are blocked by OCT1 inhibition as evidenced by strongly reduced γH2AX and p53 levels. Consistently, inhibition of OCT1-mediated uptake suppressed the activation of the DNA damage response (DDR) as revealed by decreased phosphorylation of checkpoint kinases upon PA treatment. In conclusion, we demonstrated that PAs, independent of their degree of esterification, are substrates for OCT1-mediated uptake into human liver cells. We further provided evidence that OCT1 inhibition prevents PA-triggered genotoxicity, DDR activation and subsequent cytotoxicity. These findings highlight the crucial role of OCT1 together with CYP3A4-dependent metabolic activation for PA toxicity. KW - Pyrrolizidine alkaloids KW - Cytotoxicity KW - Genotoxicity KW - OCT1 KW - Transport KW - Primary human hepatocytes KW - γH2AX KW - p53 Y1 - 2023 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00204-023-03591-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-023-03591-4 SN - 1432-0738 SN - 0340-5761 VL - 97 IS - 12 SP - 3259 EP - 3271 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schulz, Christian A1 - Herzog, Natalie A1 - Kubick, Stefan A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner T1 - Stable Chinese Hamster Ovary Suspension Cell Lines Harboring Recombinant Human Cytochrome P450 Oxidoreductase and Human Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenases as Platform for In Vitro Biotransformation Studies T2 - Cells N2 - In the liver, phase-1 biotransformation of drugs and other xenobiotics is largely facilitated by enzyme complexes consisting of cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase (CPR) and cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs). Generated from human liver-derived cell lines, recombinant in vitro cell systems with overexpression of defined phase-1 enzymes are widely used for pharmacological and toxicological drug assessment and laboratory-scale production of drug-specific reference metabolites. Most, if not all, of these cell lines, however, display some background activity of several CYPs, making it difficult to attribute effects to defined CYPs. The aim of this study was to generate cell lines with stable overexpression of human phase-1 enzymes based on Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) suspension cells. Cells were sequentially modified with cDNAs for human CPR in combination with CYP1A2, CYP2B6, or CYP3A4, using lentiviral gene transfer. In parallel, CYP-overexpressing cell lines without recombinant CPR were generated. Successful recombinant expression was demonstrated by mRNA and protein analyses. Using prototypical CYP-substrates, generated cell lines proved to display specific enzyme activities of each overexpressed CYP while we did not find any endogenous activity of those CYPs in parental CHO cells. Interestingly, cell lines revealed some evidence that the dependence of CYP activity on CPR could vary between CYPs. This needs to be confirmed in further studies. Recombinant expression of CPR was also shown to enhance CYP3A4-independent metabolisation of testosterone to androstenedione in CHO cells. We propose the novel serum-free CHO suspension cell lines with enhanced CPR and/or defined CYP activity as a promising “humanised” in vitro model to study the specific effects of those human CYPs. This could be relevant for toxicology and/or pharmacology studies in the pharmaceutical industry or medicine. KW - Chinese hamster ovary cells KW - CHO-K1 KW - CPR KW - CYP450 KW - cytochrome P450 monooxygenase KW - liver KW - NADPH P450 oxidoreductase KW - phase-1 biotransformation KW - serum-free KW - suspension cells Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/12/17/2140#metrics U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12172140 SN - 2073-4409 VL - 12 IS - 17 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krüger-Genge, Anne A1 - Köhler, Susanne A1 - Laube, Markus A1 - Haileka, Vanessa A1 - Lemm, Sandy A1 - Majchrzak, Karolina A1 - Kammerer, Sarah A1 - Schulz, Christian A1 - Storsberg, Joachim A1 - Pietzsch, Jens A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner A1 - Jung, Friedrich T1 - Anti-Cancer Prodrug Cyclophosphamide Exerts Thrombogenic Effects on Human Venous Endothelial Cells Independent of CYP450 Activation—Relevance to Thrombosis T2 - Cells N2 - Cancer patients are at a very high risk of serious thrombotic events, often fatal. The causes discussed include the detachment of thrombogenic particles from tumor cells or the adverse effects of chemotherapeutic agents. Cytostatic agents can either act directly on their targets or, in the case of a prodrug approach, require metabolization for their action. Cyclophosphamide (CPA) is a widely used cytostatic drug that requires prodrug activation by cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP) in the liver. We hypothesize that CPA could induce thrombosis in one of the following ways: (1) damage to endothelial cells (EC) after intra-endothelial metabolization; or (2) direct damage to EC without prior metabolization. In order to investigate this hypothesis, endothelial cells (HUVEC) were treated with CPA in clinically relevant concentrations for up to 8 days. HUVECs were chosen as a model representing the first place of action after intravenous CPA administration. No expression of CYP2B6, CYP3A4, CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 was found in HUVEC, but a weak expression of CYP2C18 was observed. CPA treatment of HUVEC induced DNA damage and a reduced formation of an EC monolayer and caused an increased release of prostacyclin (PGI2) and thromboxane (TXA) associated with a shift of the PGI2/TXA balance to a prothrombotic state. In an in vivo scenario, such processes would promote the risk of thrombus formation. KW - cancer KW - cyclophosphamide KW - human umbilical vein endothelial cells KW - HUVEC KW - liver KW - cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP) KW - thrombosis Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/12/15/1965 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/cells12151965 SN - 2073-4409 VL - 12 IS - 15 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Haas, Manuel A1 - Wirachowski, Karina A1 - Thibol, Lea A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner A1 - Schrenk, Dieter A1 - Fahrer, Jörg T1 - Potency ranking of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in metabolically competent human liver cancer cells and primary human hepatocytes using a genotoxicity test battery T2 - Archives of Toxicology N2 - Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) occur as contaminants in plant-based foods and herbal medicines. Following metabolic activation by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, PAs induce DNA damage, hepatotoxicity and can cause liver cancer in rodents. There is ample evidence that the chemical structure of PAs determines their toxicity. However, more quantitative genotoxicity data are required, particularly in primary human hepatocytes (PHH). Here, the genotoxicity of eleven structurally different PAs was investigated in human HepG2 liver cells with CYP3A4 overexpression and PHH using an in vitro test battery. Furthermore, the data were subject to benchmark dose (BMD) modeling to derive the genotoxic potency of individual PAs. The cytotoxicity was initially determined in HepG2-CYP3A4 cells, revealing a clear structure–toxicity relationship for the PAs. Importantly, experiments in PHH confirmed the structure-dependent toxicity and cytotoxic potency ranking of the tested PAs. The genotoxicity markers γH2AX and p53 as well as the alkaline Comet assay consistently demonstrated a structure-dependent genotoxicity of PAs in HepG2-CYP3A4 cells, correlating well with their cytotoxic potency. BMD modeling yielded BMD values in the range of 0.1–10 µM for most cyclic and open diesters, followed by the monoesters. While retrorsine showed the highest genotoxic potency, monocrotaline and lycopsamine displayed the lowest genotoxicity. Finally, experiments in PHH corroborated the genotoxic potency ranking, and revealed genotoxic effects even in the absence of detectable cytotoxicity. In conclusion, our findings strongly support the concept of grouping PAs into potency classes and help to pave the way for a broader acceptance of relative potency factors in risk assessment. KW - Cytotoxicity KW - Genotoxicity KW - Benchmark dose modeling KW - Pyrrolizidine alkaloids KW - Primary human hepatocytes KW - Potency ranking KW - γH2AX KW - p53 KW - DNA damage Y1 - 2023 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00204-023-03482-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-023-03482-8 SN - 0340-5761 VL - 97 IS - 5 SP - 1413 EP - 1428 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jung, Conrad H. G. A1 - Waldeck, Peter A1 - Petrick, Ingolf A1 - Akinwunmi, Mosunmol A1 - Braune, Steffen A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner T1 - Light-induced changes in the morphology and fluorescence of Arthrospira platensis T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - The cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis is a well-known source of bioactive substances. Growth and the generation of bioactive ingredients of Arthrospira platensis depend mainly on the quantity of light in a controlled environment. Photoinhibition is a time, nutrient, and light intensity-dependent decrease in photosynthetic efficiency. However, too strong illumination can induce two harmful effects: (1) photoinhibition as a reduction in photosynthetic rate and (2) photooxidation which can have lethal effects on the cells, and which can lead to total loss of the culture. The results of this microscopical study demonstrate, that under the procedures described and very high photon flux den-sities, not only a decrease in the photosynthetic efficiency but beyond, also destruction of Arthrospira platensis can occur. KW - Arthrospira platensis KW - light stress KW - photoinhibition KW - phototoxicity KW - morphology KW - fluorescence Y1 - 2023 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/journal-of-cellular-biotechnology/jcb239001 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/JCB-239001 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 9 IS - 1 SP - 71 EP - 77 ER - TY - GEN A1 - El Khatib, Omar A1 - Hütter, Geralf A1 - Pham, Rinh-Dinh A1 - Seupel, Andreas A1 - Kuna, Meinhard A1 - Kiefer, Bjoern T1 - A non-iterative parameter identification procedure for the non-local Gurson–Tvergaard–Needleman model based on standardized experiments T2 - International Journal of Fracture N2 - Damage mechanics models exhibit favorable properties such as the intrinsic influence of stress triaxiality on damage evolution and the prediction of crack initiation as well as propagation leading to structural failure. However, their application requires advanced expertise hindering the transfer of these models into industrial practice, especially since the parameter calibration is a key obstacle. In this paper, a simplified procedure is proposed for a non-local extension of the Gurson–Tvergaard–Needleman model (GTN), which is a highly accepted model for ductile failure of metals. The procedure is iteration free and requires experimental input data from only two standardized tests. The parameters are determined using look-up diagrams created on the basis of systematic simulations and made available for different material behavior covering the majority of ductile metals. Benchmark tests for three different steels are conducted to evaluate the robustness of the proposed procedure. The reliability of the GTN model is validated for all investigated materials. KW - Ductile fracture KW - Non-local GTN KW - Finite element analysis KW - Damage mechanics KW - Fracture mechanics Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10704-023-00689-9 SN - 0376-9429 VL - 241 IS - 1 SP - 73 EP - 94 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jung, Ernst Michael A1 - Dong, Yi A1 - Jung, Friedrich T1 - Current aspects of multimodal ultrasound liver diagnostics using contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS), fat evaluation, fibrosis assessment, and perfusion analysis – An update T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - Current ultrasound multifrequency probes allow both improved detail resolution and depth of penetration when examining the liver. Also, new developments in vascular diagnostics, elastography with fibrosis assessment, evaluation of possible steatosis, and parametric and time intensity curve (TIC) analysis of dynamic microvascularization of the liver with contrast-enhanced ultrasound sonography (CEUS) complement ultrasound-guided diagnostics. State-of-the-art high-resolution technology includes a high frame rate (HiFR) mode for CEUS, fast shear wave measurements with the sound touch quantify (STQ) mode, artifact-free flow detection using HR flow and glazing flow in combination with a special flow-adapted imaging (Ultra Micro Angiography, UMA) and additionally different assessments of possible fatty liver (UltraSound ATtenuation Imaging Technology, USAT). In 50 cases with focal liver lesions, a multimodal liver diagnosis was performed with a still new high-performance ultrasound system as part of the clarification of questions from the university liver consultation and tumor outpatient clinic. KW - Contrast enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) KW - fibrosis KW - perfusion analysis KW - liver cancer Y1 - 2023 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/clinical-hemorheology-and-microcirculation/ch239100 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-239100 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 83 IS - 2 SP - 181 EP - 193 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mantskava, Maia A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Sanikidze, Tamar A1 - Momtselidze, Nana T1 - Parallel study of the rheological status, vascular changes and intracardiac hemodynamics in heart failure in coronary artery disease T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - BACKGROUND: Ischemic heart disease is a pathological chronic and acute condition, which is provoked by insufficient blood supply or its complete cessation. To reduce the number of patients, all approaches and studies that can positively affect the prevention and treatment of the disease are important. This is very important in monitoring and treating diseases of all systems and organs, especially in diseases of the cardiovascular system. The aim of our work was to elucidate the relationship between the rheological status of blood, vascular changes and intracardiac hemodynamics in heart failure in coronary artery disease patients with different functional classes. OBJECTIVES: The aim of our work was to elucidate the relationship between the rheological status of blood, vascular changes and intracardiac hemodynamics in heart failure in coronary artery disease patients with different functionalclasses. METHODS: We examined 76 men and women patients with coronary artery disease - I–IV functional class (by New York Heart Association Functional Classification NYHA)), mean age - 59.2±4 years. The control group consisted of 20 apparently healthy volunteers (Woman: Man –1:1), whose average age was 52±3 years. Representatives of the control group did not take any medication during the study period and were apparently healthy. The electrocardiogram of the subjects in the control group corresponded to the norm. All subjects underwent clinical and laboratory studies in a standard way: to describe the rheological status of blood, the erythrocyte aggregability index (EAI), erythrocyte deformability index (EDI), and plasma viscosity were determined; to assess vascular changes - resistance index of resistive arteries (RIRA); to study intracardiac hemodynamics, echocardiology was performed according to the recommendations proposed by the American Association of Physicians. RESULTS: Rheological changes are present from the very beginning of the disease and progress along with the severity of the disease. Therefore, it is possible to assess the severity of the disease based on rheological disorders, which can precede the onset of ischemic heart disease. The vascular status resistance index increases in the early stages of the disease, with I functional class - RIRA increased by 46%. The cardiac index, which determines the adequacy of the global perfusion pressure, is the main indicator of hemodynamics and is negatively related to the increase in erythrocyte aggregation, although this indicator turned out to be statistically unreliable. CONCLUSION: The interpretation of our data will allow us to better understand the pathogenesis of heart failure, as well as recommend a list of tests, and methods that were discussed in the article to assess the clinical condition of patients. Continuing research in the same direction, we believe that we will be able to make adjustments to research methods and to the algorithm for drug therapy KW - RBC KW - aggregation KW - deformation KW - viscosity KW - resistance arteries Y1 - 2023 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/clinical-hemorheology-and-microcirculation/ch231744 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-231744 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 84 IS - 2 SP - 185 EP - 192 ER - TY - GEN A1 - El Khatib, Omar A1 - Pham, Rinh-Dinh A1 - Hütter, Geralf A1 - Seupel, Andreas A1 - Kiefer, Bjoern T1 - On the predictive capabilities of non-local models for ductilecrack propagation under different levels of stress triaxiality T2 - Proceedings in applied mathematics and mechanics : PAMM N2 - Ductile materials are used in many applications such as hydrogen storage andtransport, energy plants and additively manufactured components. High safetystandards are vital for such applications, which underline the necessity of thor-oughly investigating ductile failure to ensure safety and increase componentsefficiency. Ductile failure is mainly prompted by the evolution of the so-calledductile damage, characterized by the nucleation, growth and coalescence ofmicrovoids due to plastic deformation. Moreover, the plastic zones formed at thecrack tip of ductile materials exhibit high sensitivity to the stress triaxiality level,which in turn distinctly depends on the geometry of the considered component.The quantification of the stress triaxiality at the crack tip is therefore essential tobetter understand and predict ductile crack propagation and failure. For that rea-son, a non-local ductile damage model is employed in this work to simulate theductile crack propagation under different stress triaxiality conditions. Differentgeometries are considered, such as constrained geometries of notched bendingspecimens and unconstrained geometries of center cracked tension specimens,which characterize the different triaxiality levels. To address the effects of thick-nessandinitialcracklength,three-dimensionalgeometriesaresimulated,whichaccount for the out-of-plane crack-tip constraints. Finally, to evaluate the predic-tion quality of the simulations, corresponding experiments have been carried outand direct comparisons are conducted, with respect to the crack length, ductilecrack propagation and resistance curves. KW - nonlocal GTN model KW - crack tip constraint KW - fracture mechanics KW - ductile crack propagation Y1 - 2023 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/pamm.202300274 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.202300274 SN - 1617-7061 N1 - 93rd Annual Meeting of the International Association of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics (GAMM), December 2023 VL - 23 IS - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jung, Ernst Michael A1 - Stroszczynski, Christian A1 - Jung, Friedrich T1 - Advanced multimodal imaging of solid thyroid lesions with artificial intelligence-optimized B-mode, elastography, and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography parametric and with perfusion imaging: Initial results T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - Goal of the study was the assessment of AI-assisted diagnosis of solid thyroid foci with multimodal modern ultrasound imaging. 50 patients (26–81 years, 54.7±13.1 years) were included in the study. Multimodal ultrasound imaging by means of B-mode with linear probe (4–12 MHz) with option of automated documentation of findings by means of AI, with supplementary Ultra MicroAngiography (UMA) was used. Macrovascularisation was assessed by dynamic contrast ultrasonography (CEUS) with parametric evaluation and perfusion analysis, and microvascularization was assessed by combined strain and shear wave elastography on a novel high-performance ultrasound system (Resona R9/Mindray) by an experienced examiner with independent reading. The evaluation was performed according to TI-RADS III-V. The volume of the thyroid lobes on both sides averaged 39 ml±5 ml (27 to 69 ml). The 13 cases of histologically confirmed thyroid carcinomas (8 papillary, 2 medullary, 2 microfollicular, 1 anaplastic CA) with a mean size of 15 mm±6 mm (9–21 mm) were correctly evaluated by TI-RADS V on the basis of irregular shape, induration > 2.5 m/s or > 30kPA and striking wash-out kinetics. Tumor lymph nodes could only be correctly detected preoperatively in one case of medullary carcinoma according to the surgical findings, based on irregular vascularization with UMA in roundish shape with cortex > 4 mm, transverse diameter up to 11 mm. In 25 cases of inhomogeneous nodular goiter an evaluation with TI-RADS III was performed in 31 cases, in 4 cases with incomplete marginal contour, partial marginal vascularization with UMA and partial wash out with indurations up to 2.5 m/s 30 kPA an evaluation with TI-RADS IV and surgical excision for nodular goiter. In 12 cases regressive nodular changes without relevant malignancy criteria resulted in nodular goiter, with focal changes up to 1.5 cm in diameter, classified as requiring control with TI-RADS III. There were no relevant changes in findings in the controls after 6 months. From the AI tool, the 20/25 goiter nodes were assessed as TI-RADS III, 7/12 adenomas, 5 goiter nodes, and 5 adenomas as TI-RADS IV, 5/13 carcinomas as TI-RADS IV, and 8/13 carcinomas as TI-RADS V. Multimodal ultrasound diagnostics supported by AI has a high diagnostic potential for the evaluation of solid thyroid lesions and standardizes the reporting with digital representative image documentation. CEUS perfusion and modern elastography techniques allow targeted follow-up of TI-RADS III findings. KW - Thyroid lesions KW - multimodal ultrasound KW - artificial intelligence (AI) KW - UMA-elastography KW - contrast enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) KW - parametric-perfusion analysis Y1 - 2023 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/clinical-hemorheology-and-microcirculation/ch239102 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-239102 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 84 IS - 2 SP - 227 EP - 236 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jung, Ernst Michael A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Dong, Yi A1 - Kaiser, Ulrich T1 - Initial description of the novel handheld wireless ultrasound device TE Air with Doppler and Color Duplex imaging T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - OBJECTIVE: To test and initially describe a new handheld wireless ultrasound technique (TE Air) for clinical use. METHODS: In this pilot study, the new ultrasound device TE Air from Mindray was used to examine the hepatic and renal vessels of healthy volunteers for first impressions. The probe has a sector transducer with a frequency range of 1.8–4.5 MHz. The B-mode and color-coded doppler sonography (CCDS) scanning methods were used. A high-end device from the same company (Resona 9, Mindray) was used as a reference. The results were evaluated using an image rating scale ranging from 0 to 5, with 0 indicating not assessable and 5 indicating without limitations. RESULTS: Altogether, 61 participants (n = 34 female [55.7%], n = 27 male [44.3%]), age range 18–83 years, mean age 37.9±16.5 years) could be adequately studied using TE AIR and the high-end device. With one exception, the image quality score for TE Air never fell below 3 and had a mean/median scored of 4.97/5.00 for the B-mode, 4.92/5.00 for the color flow (CF) mode, and 4.89/5.00 for the pulse wave (PW) mode of the hepatic vein, 4.90/5.00 for the portal vein, 4.11/4.00 for the hepatic artery, and 4.57/5.00 for the renal segmental artery. A significant difference in the assessment of flow measurement of the hepatic artery and renal segmental arteries was found between TE AIR and the high-end device. CONCLUSIONS: TE Air represents a new dimension in point-of-care ultrasound via wireless handheld devices. Especially, its flow measurement ability offers a relevant advantage over other available handheld models. TE Air provides a formally sufficient image quality in terms of diagnostic significance. KW - Mindray KW - handheld ultrasound KW - TE Air KW - ultrasound KW - point-of-care ultrasound Y1 - 2024 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/clinical-hemorheology-and-microcirculation/ch238100 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-238100 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 86 IS - 1-2 SP - 89 EP - 97 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Luderer, V. A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Brandenstein, M. A1 - Stroszczynski, Christian A1 - Jung, Ernst Michael T1 - First assessment of flow phenomena of acute and chronic thrombosis in the jugular veins using new ultrasound vector-flow imaging T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - AIM: First assessment of flow changes in the jugular veins using high resolution ultrasound vector flow. MATERIAL UND METHODS: 15 patients (8 males, 7 females) with an age range of 35 to 82 years (mean age 58.53±12.26 years) were examined by an experienced examiner using high power ultrasound equipment (Resona R9, Mindray) with probe technology (Mindray L9-3U Linear Array transducer, 2.5 to 9.0 MHz). This group was compared with five healthy subjects (mean age 35.4±13.79 years) as a reference. To assess flow changes, the color-coded duplex sonography and the novel vector flow technique were used. The evaluation was performed of vector morphology changes, turbulence, and wall resistance measurements. RESULTS: There were changes after acute and chronic thrombosis in 9 cases, and venous compression in 7 cases. Turbulence was measurable from 0.01 % to 64.44 %, the average turbulence was 19.73±22.06 % . Wall resistance measurement showed values from 0.01 Pa to 3.14 Pa, depending on the age of the thrombosis or compression. The reference veins showed turbulence of 0.94±1.5 % and a mean wall resistance of 0.05±0.05 Pa. There are statistically significant differences between normal and thrombotic or compressed veins in terms of maximum wall stress (p = 0.006) and mean degree of turbulence (p = 0.012), while the difference in mean wall stress is not statistically significant (p = 0.058). CONCLUSION: Despite still existing technical limitations, the combination of V-flow and wall stress measurements in jugular vein changes suggests a high diagnostic potential. KW - Thrombosis KW - vector-flow-imaging KW - high resolution ultrasound KW - color-coded duplex sonography Y1 - 2024 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/clinical-hemorheology-and-microcirculation/ch238117 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-238117 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 86 IS - 1-2 SP - 133 EP - 142 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shafiee, Neda A1 - Kordi, Negin A1 - Gadruni, Keivan A1 - SalehFard, Ziba A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Heidari, Naser T1 - Cardiac rehabilitation in coronary artery bypass grafting patients: Effect of eight weeks of moderate-intensity continuous training versus high-intensity interval training T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - BACKGROUND: Physical training in patients with heart failure can affect hemodynamic, cardiac and angiogenesis parameters. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of traditional moderate-intensity rehabilitation training and interval training on some angiogenesis factors in coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) patients. METHODS: Thirty CABG patients (mean age±SD, 55±3 years) were randomly assigned to one of three groups: high-intensity interval training (HIIT) or moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) or the control group. After the initial assessments, eligible patients in the experimental groups (HIIT and MICT) performed exercise training for 8 weeks, while the control group did not. Angiogenesis and angiostatic indices, including pro-adrenomedullin (pro-ADM), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and endostatin, were then measured. RESULTS: The results showed no significant difference between pro-ADM in the HIIT and MICT groups (P = 0.99), but a significant difference was found between MICT and the control group and between HIIT and the control group (P = 0.001). There is also no significant difference between the bFGF levels in the HIIT and MICT training groups (P = 1.00), but the changes in this factor between the training groups and the control group were significant (P = 0.001). There was a significant difference between the levels of endostatin in all three groups. CONCLUSIONS: Two methods of cardiac rehabilitation (HIIT and MICT) may be useful for the recovery of patients with coronary artery bypass grafting. This improvement manifested itself in changes in angiogenesis and angiostatic indices in this study. However, more extensive studies are needed to investigate the effects of these two types of rehabilitation programs on other indicators of angiogenesis and angiostatic. KW - Training KW - angiogenesis KW - cardiovascular KW - endostatin KW - pro-adrenomedullin Y1 - 2023 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/clinical-hemorheology-and-microcirculation/ch221605 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-221605 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 83 IS - 3 SP - 305 EP - 314 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kirchhof, Stephan A1 - Ams, Alfons A1 - Hütter, Geralf T1 - On the question of the sign of size effects in the elastic behavior of foams T2 - Journal of Elasticity N2 - Due to their good ratio of stiffness and strength to weight, foam materials find use in lightweight engineering. Though, in many applications like structural bending or tension, the scale separation between macroscopic structure and the foam’s mesostructure like cells size, is relatively weak and the mechanical properties of the foam appear to be size dependent. Positive as well as negative size effects have been observed for certain basic tests of foams, i.e., the material appears either to be more compliant or stiffer than would be expected from larger specimens. Performing tests with sufficiently small specimens is challenging as any disturbances from damage of cell walls during sample preparation or from loading devices must be avoided. Correspondingly, the number of respective data in literature is relatively low and the results are partly contradictory. In order to avoid the problems from sample preparation or bearings, the present study employs virtual tests with CT data of real medium-density ceramic foams. A number of samples of different size is “cut” from the resulting voxel data. Subsequently, the apparent elastic properties of each virtual sample are “measured” directly by a free vibrational analysis using finite cell method, thereby avoiding any disturbances from load application or bearings. The results exhibit a large scatter of the apparent moduli per sample size, but with a clear negative size effect in all investigated basic modes of deformation (bending, torsion, uniaxial). Finally, the results are compared qualitatively and quantitatively to available experimental data from literature, yielding common trends as well as open questions. KW - Foam KW - Cellular material KW - Elastic size effect KW - Bending KW - Torsion KW - Virtual testing Y1 - 2023 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10659-023-10037-6 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10659-023-10037-6 SN - 1573-2681 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dropco, Ivor A1 - Kaiser, Ulrich A1 - Wagner, Lola A1 - Brunner, Stefan M. A1 - Schlitt, Hans Jürgen A1 - Stroszczynski, Christian A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Yi, Dong A1 - Herr, Wolfgang A1 - Jung, Ernst Michael T1 - Color mapping using ultrasound system-integrated perfusion software for evaluation of focal liver lesions: a possible first step for more independent reading T2 - Journal of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases N2 - Aims To assess the value of using integrated parametric ultrasound software for contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) of liver tumors. Methods 107 patients with liver tumors were studied. CEUS were performed to detect focal lesions. Parametric images were based on continuous CINE LOOPs, from the early-arterial phase (15 s) to the portal-venous phase (1 min) generated by perfusion software. The evaluations of the parametric images and their dignity for liver lesions were performed independently by an experienced and a less-experienced investigator. Computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging scans or histological analysis were used as references. Results High parametric image quality were obtained in all patients. Among the patients, 44% lesions were benign, 56% were malignant. The experienced investigator correctly classified 46 of 47 (98%) as benign, and 60 of 60 (100%) as malignant tumors based on the parametric images. The less-experienced investigator correctly classified 39 of 47 (83%) as benign, and 49 of 60 (82%) malignant tumors, acheaving a high statistical accuracy of 98% with this type of diagnostic. Conclusion Parametric imaging for grading the malignant degree of tumor may be a good complement to existing ultrasound techniques and was particularly helpful for improving the assessments of the less-experienced examiner. KW - CEUS KW - parametric imaging KW - dynamic vascularization KW - liver malignancies Y1 - 2023 UR - https://europepmc.org/article/med/38147619 U6 - https://doi.org/10.15403/jgld-4997 SN - 1842-1121 VL - 32 IS - 4 SP - 479 EP - 487 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stober, Manfred A1 - Hitziger, Thomas A1 - Näke, Luisa A1 - Heim, Johanna A1 - Hepperle, Jörg T1 - Dreißig Jahre Eishöhenänderungen am Swiss Camp (Grönland) T2 - Polarforschung N2 - Seit 1991 betreibt der Erstautor ein Projekt zur Untersuchung der Eishöhenänderung, Fließgeschwindigkeit und Deformation mittels GNSS Bodenmessungen am Swiss Camp in der Nähe der Gleichgewichtslinie im westlichen Randbereich des Grönländischen Inlandeises. Die bisherigen Daten stammen aus 12 Kampagnen im Zeitraum 1991 bis 2014, also im Durchschnitt alle zwei Jahre. Neuerdings haben im Rahmen des Projektes „Spurensuche“ verschiedene Gruppen mit Schlitten das Grönländische Inlandeis von Ost nach West überquert und dabei auch die Oberflächenhöhen bestimmt. In den Jahren 2015 und 2021 konnte auch das Gebiet Swiss Camp mit GNSS vermessen werden. Mit deren Ergebnissen konnten nun die Höhenänderungen auf nunmehr 30 Jahre ausgedehnt werden und stellen somit ein einmaliges Langzeitprojekt dar Vor 2014 ergab sich eine stark beschleunigte Höhenabnahme. Auch die Höhenänderungen seit 2014 bis 2021 zeigen weiterhin eine deutliche Höhenabnahme, jedoch weniger schnell als in den Jahren zuvor. Diese zeitlichen Variationen der Höhenabnahmeraten stehen im Zusammenhang mit der Lufttemperatur im Sommer, die bis etwa 2012 einem ansteigenden Trend folgte, um in den anschließenden Jahren auf etwas niedrigerem Niveau zu bleiben. Ebenso war die Albedo in den Sommermonaten nach 2012 etwas höher als zuvor, so dass beide Effekte für geringere Schmelzenergie gesorgt haben. Diese lokalen Höhenänderungen stimmen überein mit großräumigen Befunden in ganz Grönland, die mit Schwerefelddaten der satellitengestützten Mission GRACE abgeleitet wurden. Insgesamt hat in den 30 Jahren die Eisoberfläche am Swiss Camp um etwa 20 m abgenommen, das sind ca. 1.7 % der dortigen Eismächtigkeit. Y1 - 2023 UR - https://polf.copernicus.org/articles/91/95/2023/polf-91-95-2023.html U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/polf-91-95-2023 SN - 2190-1090 VL - 91 SP - 95 EP - 104 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lange, Nils A1 - Hütter, Geralf A1 - Kiefer, Bjoern T1 - A monolithic hyper ROM FE2 method with clustered training at finite deformations T2 - Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering N2 - The usage of numerical homogenization to obtain structure–property relations by applying the finite element method at both the micro- and macroscale has gained much interest in the research community. The computational cost of this so-called FE2 method, however, is typically so high that algorithmic modifications and reduction methods are essential. In the present contribution, a monolithic solution algorithm is combined with reduced order modeling (ROM) and the empirical cubature method (ECM) for hyper integration. It is further complemented by a clustered training strategy, which lowers the training effort and the number of necessary ROM modes immensely. The applied methods can be combined modularly as desired in finite element approaches. An implementation in terms of an extension to the previously established MonolithFE2 code is provided. Numerical examples show the efficiency and accuracy of the monolithic hyper ROM FE2 method and the advantages of the clustered training strategy. Even for two-scale problems with complex geometry and complex, inelastic material behaviors it was shown that speedup factors of almost 1000 (i.e., three orders of magnitude) regarding the online simulation time and of up to 30 regarding all necessary computing effort are obtainable in comparison to the conventional FE2 scheme. The training stage requires only around 3% of that time, meaning that the offline phase is relatively inexpensive, in contrast to many Neural Network approaches, whose employment, in terms of total computational efficiency, only pays off if a large number of online simulations is to be conducted, without requiring additional training. KW - Homogenization KW - Multiscale KW - FE2 KW - Reduced Order Modelling (ROM) KW - Hyper integration KW - Monolithic scheme Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0045782523006461?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cma.2023.116522 SN - 0045-7825 VL - 418 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Peters, Manuel A1 - Etzkorn, Nadine T1 - Bildung konzeptualisieren: Eine rassismuskritisch-dekoloniale Perspektivierung T2 - Zeitschrift für erziehungswissenschaftliche Migrationsforschung N2 - Im vorliegendenBeitrag nehmen wir die Kritik an einer häufig fehlenden Explikation der (minimal-)normativen Ziele einer gegenwärtig dominierenden Konzeptualisierung von Bildung, die diese als Transformation vor dem Hintergrund von Krise begreift, zum Ausgangspunkt unserer Überlegungen. Aus einer rassismuskritisch-dekolonialen Perspektive erläutern wir, wann bildungstheoretische Konzeptualisierungen Gefahr laufen, Kolonialität fortzuschreiben. Hierbei betrachten wir die konstitutive Einschreibung von Rassismus in natio-ethno-kulturelle Zugehörigkeitsordnungen sowie in Konzepte von Bildung und stellen deren Bedeutung für Selbst-, Fremd- und Weltverhältnisse heraus. In einem Ausblick setzen wir diese Überlegungen in Bezug zueinander und plädieren für eine rassismuskritisch informierte Ausrichtung des Bezugs auf Konzepte der Bildung, für ein postnormativ-normatives Verständnis dessen, was es heißt, ein Leben auf ‚würdige(re) und sichere(re) Art‘ zu führen. KW - Bildung als Transformationsprozess KW - Kolonialität KW - Rassismus KW - Zugehörigkeit KW - (Post-normative) Normativität Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.budrich-journals.de/index.php/zem/article/view/43527 SN - 2701-2484 SN - 2701-2476 VL - 2 IS - 2 SP - 208 EP - 221 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hamadi, Fouzia A1 - Fellah, Mamoun A1 - Hezil, Naouel A1 - Bouras, Dikra A1 - Laouini, Salah Eddine A1 - Montagne, Alex A1 - Khalifa, Hamiden Abd El-Wahed A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - El-Hiti, Gamal A. A1 - Yadav, Krishna Kumar T1 - Effect of milling time on structural, physical and tribological behavior of a newly developed Ti-Nb-Zr alloy for biomedical applications T2 - Advanced Powder Technology N2 - Titanium (Ti)-based alloys with only a β-phase have attracted academic and industrial interest for orthopedic application, due to their close properties to those of tissues. The current study aims to investigate the effect of milling time (2 h, 6 h, 12 h and 18 h) on the nanostructured ternary alloy Ti-25Nb-25Zr prepared by high energy milling, on its structural, physical and tribological behaviors. The alloys’ characteristics such as relative density/porosity, surface roughness, were evaluated using XRD, SEM, surface profilometry, and microdurometer, respectively. The tribological characterization was done using an oscillating tribometer under wet conditions, simulating the human body environment. Results showed that the crystallite and mean pore size reduced with increasing milling time, with the smallest values of 26 nm and 40 µm, respectively after 18 h. Structural characterization shows that the amount of the β-Ti phase increased with increasing milling time, resulting in spherical morphology and texturing of the synthesized alloys. The milled alloys' structural evolution and morphological changes were sensitive to their milling times. Also, the relative density, Young’s modulus and hardness, increased due to grain size decreased with increasing milling time. Tribological results showed that the effect of milling has a significant effect on both nanomaterial formation and friction-wear behavior of the alloys. The results showed that, friction coefficient and wear rate significantly decreased due to the increased formation of protective films such as TiO2, Nb2O5 and ZrO2 phases. The wear mechanism of the Ti-25Zr-25Nb system was dominated by abrasion wear accompanied by adhesion wear. KW - Ti-25Nb-25Zr alloy KW - Biomaterials alloys KW - Total hip prosthesis KW - Milling time KW - Tribology KW - Wear KW - Nanomaterial KW - Nanocomposites Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921883123003710 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apt.2023.104306 SN - 1568-5527 VL - 35 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stammen, Lisa A1 - Dornisch, Wolfgang T1 - Investigations on adapted interpolation orders for a mixed isogeometric plate formulation T2 - Proceedings in applied mathematics and mechanics : PAMM N2 - In order to overcome locking effects that especially occur for lower order finite element formulations, different methods can be employed. This can be conducted using mixed formulations or adapted approximation orders, for instance. Hence, in order to tackle shear locking that is caused by non-matching interpolation degrees in the shear strain equation, an irreducible and a mixed Reissner-Mindlin plate formulation with accordingly adapted conforming discretizations are derived within the scope of this contribution. In addition, non-uniform rational B-splines (NURBS) are employed therefore, in order to benefit from the properties and refinement strategies offered by isogeometric analysis (IGA) and to achieve more accurate results. The effect of various combinations of interpolation orders on the convergence behavior and the ability to alleviate locking is investigated for both the irreducible and the mixed isogeometric plate formulation and examined for a benchmark example. This is also supplemented by investigations on the stability of the considered variants, tested by the existence of the correct number of zero-energy modes. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.202300170 SN - 1617-7061 N1 - 93rd Annual Meeting of the International Association of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics (GAMM), December 2023 VL - 23 IS - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Niehoff, Malte A1 - Bestle, Dieter A1 - Kupijai, Philipp T1 - Model-based design optimization taking into account design viability via classification T2 - Engineering Modelling, Analysis and Simulation : the NAFEMS Journal Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.59972/c7b5hzx7 SN - 3005-9763 VL - 1 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 12 PB - NAFEMS Ltd. CY - Knutsford ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rasim, Bashirov A1 - Amirov, Fariz T1 - Выбор материала и геометрических параметров расточного резца для обработки покрытий на основе никеля T1 - Selecting material and geometrical parameters for a boring cutter used in machining the nickel-based coatings T2 - ИЗВЕСТИЯ ВЫСШИХ УЧЕБНЫХ ЗАВЕДЕНИЙ. МАШИНОСТРОЕНИЕ N2 - Разработка технологии механической обработки восстанавливаемых в ремонтном производстве деталей, включающая в себя выбор способа и режимов их обработки, режущего инструмента и др., является сложной задачей, решение которой определяет качество восстанавливаемых изделий. Качество механической обработки во многом зависит от обрабатываемости металла, под которой понимают способность материала подвергаться резанию. Рассмотрены особенности механической обработки втулок по- сле восстановления изношенной внутренней поверхности, состоящей из черного, чи- стового и тонкого растачивания, а также операции хонингования. При механической обработке восстанавливаемых втулок наибольшую трудность представляют операции чернового и чистового растачивания, так как после индукционного напекания с по- следующим раскатыванием твердость получаемых слоев находится в пределах HRC 48…55, что усложняет работу резцов при растачивании втулок. Для наплавки на де- тали, работающие в условиях изнашивания (коррозионного, эрозионного и термиче- ского), применяют порошок ПГ-СР2, имеющий систему легирования Ni–Cr–B–Si. Значительную волнистость и шероховатость поверхности, возникающую в результате наплавки, устраняют накатыванием. Одним из важных вопросов при обработке по- крытий, нанесенных центробежным индукционным напеканием с последующим рас- катыванием, является выбор материала и геометрических параметров режущего ин- струмента для чернового и чистового растачивания. При правильном выборе матери- ала и геометрических параметров расточного резца можно значительно уменьшить износ режущего инструмента, что позволит увеличить его стойкость и производи- тельность обработки, а следовательно, снизить себестоимость изготовления детали. Исследовано влияние технологических параметров на износ и геометрических пара- метров на стойкость режущего инструмента с целью оптимизации условий растачи- вания восстановленных цилиндров судовых двигателей. N2 - Design and development of a technology for machining the parts to be restored in the repair industry includes selection of their machining method and modes, cutting tools, etc., and is a complex task, which solution determines the restored product quality. Machining quality largely depends on the metal machinability, which is understood as the material ability to be cut. The paper considers features of a bush machining after restoration of the worn inner surface, this operation consists of black, clean and fine boring, as well as of honing. Opera- tions of black and clean boring are the most difficult in machining the restored bushes. This happens because hardness of the resulting layers is in the range of HRC 48…55 after induc- tion sintering with subsequent rolling, which complicates the cutters operation in bush bor- ing. The PG-SR2 powder having the Ni-Cr-B-Si alloying system is used in the built-up weld- ing of parts working under wear, corrosion, erosion and elevated temperature conditions. Rolling is eliminating significant waviness and surface roughness resulting from sintering. One of the important issues in machining the coatings applied by centrifugal induction sin- tering is selection of the cutting tool material for black and clean boring. KW - механическая обработка, центробежное индукционное напекание KW - machining cutting path KW - centrifugal induction sintering KW - cutting tool material KW - cutter radial wear KW - cutter geometrical parameters KW - cutting path KW - центробежное индукционное напекание KW - радиальный износ резца KW - геометрические парамет-ры резца KW - путь резания Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.18698/0536-1044-2023-8-78-86 SN - 0536-1044 VL - 8(761) IS - 8 SP - 78 EP - 86 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Das, Chittaranjan A1 - Roy, Rajarshi A1 - Kedia, Mayank A1 - Kot, Małgorzata A1 - Zuo, Weiwei A1 - Félix, Roberto A1 - Sobol, Tomasz A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo A1 - Saliba, Michael T1 - Unraveling the Role of Perovskite in Buried Interface Passivation T2 - ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces N2 - Interfaces in perovskite solar cells play a crucial role in their overall performance, and therefore, detailed fundamental studies are needed for a better understanding. In the case of the classical n–i–p architecture, TiO2 is one of the most used electron-selective layers and can induce chemical reactions that influence the performance of the overall device stack. The interfacial properties at the TiO2/perovskite interface are often neglected, owing to the difficulty in accessing this interface. Here, we use X-rays of variable energies to study the interface of (compact and mesoporous) TiO2/perovskite in such a n–i–p architecture. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray absorption spectroscopy methods show that the defect states present in the TiO2 layer are passivated by a chemical interaction of the perovskite precursor solution during the formation of the perovskite layer and form an organic layer at the interface. Such passivation of intrinsic defects in TiO2 removes charge recombination centers and shifts the bands upward. Therefore, interface defect passivation by oxidation of Ti3+ states, the organic cation layer, and an upward band bending at the TiO2/perovskite interface explain the origin of an improved electron extraction and hole-blocking nature of TiO2 in the n–i–p perovskite solar cells. KW - perovskite solar cells KW - interface KW - defects KW - photoemission spectroscopy Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.3c13085 SN - 1944-8244 SN - 1944-8252 VL - 15 IS - 48 SP - 56500 EP - 56510 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bashirov, Rasim A1 - Amirov, Fariz T1 - Методика определения теплового состояния втулки цилиндра при центрoбежном индукционном напекании T1 - Method for Determining the Thermal State of the Cylinder Sleeve During Centrifugal Induction Sintering T2 - ИЗВЕСТИЯ ВЫСШИХ УЧЕБНЫХ ЗАВЕДЕНИЙ. МАШИНОСТРОЕНИЕ N2 - Распределение температуры во втулке цилиндра судового двигателя при ее нагреве и охлаждении — один из важнейших факторов, под действием которых формируются структура и свойства покрытий в процессе восстановления цилиндра методом центро- бежного индукционного напекания. Проведены экспериментальные исследования, позволившие получить графики распределения температуры по диаметрам втулки ци- линдра судового двигателя при ее нагреве и охлаждении. Установлено, что на процесс напекания порошковых материалов существенно влияют теплофизические свойства втулки. Изменяя скорость нагрева, можно получать покрытия при различных значени- ях температуры и времени напекания. Выполнено моделирование распределения тем- пературы в стенке втулки цилиндра при центробежном индукционном напекании в за- висимости от времени напекания, а также с учетом геометрических параметров втулки, теплоотдачи, теплопроводности, материала втулки, температуры внешней среды и т. д. Получены выражения для определения распределения температуры в стенке втулки цилиндра при центробежном индукционном напекании. Задавая значения параметров центробежного индукционного напекания, по полученным формулам можно смодели- ровать и заранее получить распределение температуры в стенке втулки цилиндра. Для визуального отображения изменения температурного поля во втулке при центробеж- ном индукционном напекании выполнено моделирование в среде Autodesk Fusion 360. N2 - The temperature distribution in the ship engine cylinder sleeve during its heating and cooling is one of the most important factors affecting formation of the structure and properties of coatings in the process of cylinder recovery by the method of induction centrifugal sintering. The article discusses experimental studies, which allow presenting graphs of the temperature distribution over the diameters of the ship engine cylinder sleeve during its heating and cool- ing. The thermophysical properties of the sleeve were found to significantly affect the process of sintering powder materials. By varying the heating rate, it is possible to obtain coatings at different temperatures and sintering time. Modeling the temperature distribution in the wall of the cylinder sleeve during centrifugal induction sintering depending on the sintering time is of interest as well as taking into account the geometrical parameters of the sleeve, heat trans- fer, thermal conductivity, sleeve material, ambient temperature, etc. Expressions are obtained for determining the temperature distribution in the wall of the cylinder sleeve during induc- tion centrifugal sintering. Using the obtained formulas, it is possible to simulate and obtain in advance the temperature distribution in the wall of the cylinder sleeve by setting the values of the parameters of centrifugal induction sintering. Modeling in the Autodesk Fusion 360 the temperature distribution in the sleeve during induction heating was obtained as well as visual display of the change in the temperature field in the sleeve during induction heating. KW - центробежное индукционное напекание KW - induction centrifugal sintering KW - восстановление цилин-дров KW - индукционный нагрев KW - порошковые покрытия KW - порошковый слой KW - тепловая энергия KW - cylinder recovery KW - induction heating KW - powder coatings KW - powder layer KW - thermal energy Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.18698/0536-1044-2022-8-33-41 SN - 0536-1044 VL - 8(749) IS - 8 SP - 33 EP - 41 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Morales, Carlos A1 - Mahmoodinezhad, Ali A1 - Tschammer, Rudi A1 - Kosto, Yuliia A1 - Alvarado Chavarin, Carlos A1 - Schubert, Markus Andreas A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo T1 - Combination of Multiple Operando and In-Situ Characterization Techniques in a Single Cluster System for Atomic Layer Deposition: Unraveling the Early Stages of Growth of Ultrathin Al2O3 Films on Metallic Ti Substrates T2 - Inorganics N2 - This work presents a new ultra-high vacuum cluster tool to perform systematic studies of the early growth stages of atomic layer deposited (ALD) ultrathin films following a surface science approach. By combining operando (spectroscopic ellipsometry and quadrupole mass spectrometry) and in situ (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) characterization techniques, the cluster allows us to follow the evolution of substrate, film, and reaction intermediates as a function of the total number of ALD cycles, as well as perform a constant diagnosis and evaluation of the ALD process, detecting possible malfunctions that could affect the growth, reproducibility, and conclusions derived from data analysis. The homemade ALD reactor allows the use of multiple precursors and oxidants and its operation under pump and flow-type modes. To illustrate our experimental approach, we revisit the well-known thermal ALD growth of Al2O3 using trimethylaluminum and water. We deeply discuss the role of the metallic Ti thin film substrate at room temperature and 200 °C, highlighting the differences between the heterodeposition (<10 cycles) and the homodeposition (>10 cycles) growth regimes at both conditions. This surface science approach will benefit our understanding of the ALD process, paving the way toward more efficient and controllable manufacturing processes. KW - Atomic layer deposition (ALD) KW - in-situ KW - operando KW - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy KW - ellipsometry KW - quadrupol mass spectrometry (QMS) Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics11120477 SN - 2304-6740 VL - 11 IS - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maldonado, David A1 - Cantudo, Antonio A1 - Pérez, Eduardo A1 - Romero-Zaliz, Rocio A1 - Perez-Bosch Quesada, Emilio A1 - Mahadevaiah, Mamathamba Kalishettyhalli A1 - Jimenez-Molinos, Francisco A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Roldan, Juan Bautista T1 - TiN/Ti/HfO2/TiN Memristive Devices for Neuromorphic Computing: From Synaptic Plasticity to Stochastic Resonance T2 - Frontiers in Neuroscience N2 - We characterize TiN/Ti/HfO2/TiN memristive devices for neuromorphic computing. We analyze different features that allow the devices to mimic biological synapses and present the models to reproduce analytically some of the data measured. In particular, we have measured the spike timing dependent plasticity behavior in our devices and later on we have modeled it. The spike timing dependent plasticity model was implemented as the learning rule of a spiking neural network that was trained to recognize the MNIST dataset. Variability is implemented and its influence on the network recognition accuracy is considered accounting for the number of neurons in the network and the number of training epochs. Finally, stochastic resonance is studied as another synaptic feature.It is shown that this effect is important and greatly depends on the noise statistical characteristics. KW - RRAM KW - Neural network Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2023.1271956 SN - 1662-4548 VL - 17 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Regnath, Franziska A1 - Biersack, Katharina A1 - Jäger, Nina A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Lehnen, Nadine T1 - Not a general, symptom-unspecific, transdiagnostic marker for functional symptoms: sensorimotor processing of head control is intact in chronic pain T2 - Frontiers in Neurology N2 - Introduction: Functional disorders are prevalent in all medical fields and pose a tremendous public health problem, with pain being one of the most common functional symptoms. Understanding the underlying, potentially unifying mechanism in functional (pain) disorders is instrumental in facilitating timely diagnosis, stigma reduction, and adequate treatment options. Neuroscientific models of perception suggest that functional symptoms arise due to dysregulated sensorimotor processing in the central nervous system, with brain-based predictions dominating the eventual percept. Experimental evidence for this transdiagnostic mechanism has been established in various functional symptoms. The goal of the current study was to investigate whether erroneous sensorimotor processing is an underlying transdiagnostic mechanism in chronic (functional) pain. Method: A total of 13 patients with chronic (functional) pain [three patients with chronic (functional) pain disorder, F45.40, ICD-10; 10 patients with chronic pain disorder with somatic and psychological factors, F45.41, ICD-10]; and 15 healthy controls performed large combined eye-head gaze shifts toward visual targets, naturally and with increased head moment of inertia. We simultaneously measured participants’ eye and head movements to assess head oscillations at the end of the gaze shift, which are an established indicator of (transdiagnostic) sensorimotor processing deficits of head control. Results: Using a Bayesian analysis protocol, we found that patients with chronic (functional) pain and control participants stabilized their heads equally well (Bayes Factor 01 = 3.7, Bayes Factor exclusion = 5.23; corresponding to substantial evidence) during all sessions of the experiment. Conclusion: Our results suggest that patients with chronic (functional) pain do not show measurable symptom-unspecific sensorimotor processing deficits. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2023.1294702 SN - 1664-2295 VL - 14 ER - TY - GEN A1 - David, William I. F. A1 - Agnew, Gerry D. A1 - Bañares-Alcántara, René A1 - Barth, James A1 - Hansen, John Bogild A1 - Bréquigny, Pierre A1 - De Joannon, Mara A1 - Fürstenberg Stott, Sofia A1 - Fürstenberg Stott, Conor A1 - Guati-Rojo, Andrea A1 - Hatzell, Marta A1 - MacFarlane, Douglas R. A1 - Makepeace, Joshua W. A1 - Mastorakos, Epaminondas A1 - Mauß, Fabian A1 - Medford, Andrew A1 - Mounaim-Rousselle, Christine A1 - Nowicki, Duncan A. A1 - Picciani, Mark A. A1 - Postma, Rolf S. A1 - Rouwenhorst, Kevin H. R. A1 - Sabia, Pino A1 - Salmon, Nicholas A1 - Simonov, Alexandr N. A1 - Smith, Collin A1 - Torrente-Murciano, Laura A1 - Valera-Medina, Augustin T1 - 2023 Roadmap on ammonia as a carbon-free fuel T2 - Journal of Physics: Energy N2 - The 15 short chapters that form this 2023 ammonia-for-energy roadmap provide a comprehensive assessment of the current worldwide ammonia landscape and the future opportunities and associated challenges facing the use of ammonia, not only in the part that it can play in terms of the future displacement of fossil-fuel reserves towards massive, long-term, carbon-free energy storage and heat and power provision, but also in its broader holistic impacts that touch all three components of the future global food-water-energy nexus. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7655/ad0a3a SN - 2515-7655 VL - 6 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nitsch, Antonia A1 - Machaček, Jan A1 - Wichtmann, Torsten A1 - Grandas Tavera, Carlos Eduardo T1 - Validierung und Kalibrierung eines hypoplastischen Stoffmodells für expansive Böden T2 - Bautechnik N2 - Einige Böden neigen aufgrund ihrer tonmineralogischen Zusammensetzung bei Kontakt mit Wasser zur Volumenänderung, welche sich phänomenologisch entweder als Expansion oder durch eine Quelldruckentwicklung äußert. In der Baupraxis müssen sowohl die Quellphänomene als auch das hydromechanisch gekoppelte Materialverhalten allgemein z.B. bei der Bemessung von Tunnelbauwerken oder Abdichtungen berücksichtigt werden. Existierende empirische Modelle sind für komplexe Randbedingungen oft unzureichend, doch die Anwendung höherwertiger mechanischer Stoffmodelle stellt aufgrund komplexer Modellformulierungen und meist aufwendiger Bestimmung der benötigten Materialparameter eine große Hürde dar. In diesem Aufsatz wird ein von den Autor:innen kürzlich vorgestelltes neuartiges hypoplastisches Stoffmodell für expansive Böden durch die Anwendung auf weitere experimentelle Studien validiert. Zur Erleichterung der Anwendung des Stoffmodells in der Praxis wird eine vereinfachte Parameterkalibrierung erläutert, die keine aufwendige experimentelle Untersuchung erfordert. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/bate.202300062 SN - 0932-8351 VL - 100 IS - 11 SP - 689 EP - 698 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Alimov, Artem A1 - Härtel, Sebastian A1 - Buhl, Johannes A1 - Gardill, Markus A1 - Knaack, Marcus T1 - Erfassung von Pressen­ver­formungen mit Radarsensoren T2 - wt Werkstattstechnik Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.37544/1436-4980-2023-10-47 SN - 1436-4980 SN - 1436-5006 VL - 113 IS - 10 SP - 425 EP - 431 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herzberg, Heidrun A1 - Walter, Anja T1 - Die Macht der sozialen Praxis: Rahmungsunklarheiten im Pflegeunterricht T2 - Berufsbildung Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3278/BB2304W007 SN - 2199-1944 SN - 0005-9536 VL - 77 IS - 4 SP - 21 EP - 24 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schöttker, Oliver A1 - Hütt, Christoph A1 - Jauker, Frank A1 - Witt, Johanna A1 - Bareth, Georg A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - Monitoring costs of result-based payments for biodiversity conservation: Will UAV-assisted remote sensing be the game-changer? T2 - Journal for Nature Conservation Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnc.2023.126494 SN - 1617-1381 SN - 1618-1093 VL - 76 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gerling, Charlotte A1 - Drechsler, Martin A1 - Keuler, Klaus A1 - Sturm, Astrid A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - Time to consider the timing of conservation measures: Designing cost-effective agri-environment schemes under climate change T2 - Agricultural and Resource Economics Review Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/age.2023.4 SN - 2372-2614 SN - 1068-2805 VL - 52 IS - 2 SP - 231 EP - 249 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zawojska, Ewa A1 - Welling, Malte A1 - Sagebiel, Julian T1 - Effects of Varying the Location of Perceived Consequentiality Elicitation in a Discrete Choice Experiment Survey T2 - Land Economics Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3368/le.100.2.040320-0048R1 SN - 0023-7639 VL - 100(2024) IS - 2 SP - 223 EP - 244 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Welling, Malte A1 - Dehnhardt, Alexandra A1 - Aß, Sophie-Marie T1 - Does validity matter for policymakers? Evidence from choice experiments on urban green T2 - Journal of Environmental Economics and Policy Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/21606544.2023.2186954 SN - 2160-6544 VL - 12 IS - 4 SP - 524 EP - 538 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rosellini, Matteo A1 - Schulze, Alicia A1 - Omer, Ejlal A. A1 - Ali, Nadeen T. A1 - Marini, Federico A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner A1 - Efferth, Thomas T1 - The effect of plastic-related compounds on transcriptome-wide gene expression on CYP2C19-overexpressing HepG2 cells T2 - Molecules N2 - In recent years, plastic and especially microplastic in the oceans have caused huge problems to marine flora and fauna. Recently, such particles have also been detected in blood, breast milk, and placenta, underlining their ability to enter the human body, presumably via the food chain and other yet-unknown mechanisms. In addition, plastic contains plasticizers, antioxidants, or lubricants, whose impact on human health is also under investigation. At the cellular level, the most important enzymes involved in the metabolism of xenobiotic compounds are the cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs). Despite their extensive characterization in the maintenance of cellular balance, their interactions with plastic and related products are unexplored. In this study, the possible interactions between several plastic-related compounds and one of the most important cytochromes, CYP2C19, were analyzed. By applying virtual compound screening and molecular docking to more than 1000 commercially available plastic-related compounds, we identified candidates that are likely to interact with this protein. A growth inhibition assay confirmed their cytotoxic activity on a CYP2C19-transfected hepatic cell line. Subsequently, we studied the effect of the selected compounds on the transcriptome-wide gene expression level by conducting RNA sequencing. Three candidate molecules were identified, i.e., 2,2′-methylene bis(6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol), 1,1-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxyphenyl) ethane, and 2,2′-methylene bis(6-cyclohexyl-4-methylphenol)), which bound with a high affinity to CYP2C19 in silico. They exerted a profound cytotoxicity in vitro and interacted with several metabolic pathways, of which the ‘cholesterol biosynthesis process’ was the most affected. In addition, other affected pathways involved mitosis, DNA replication, and inflammation, suggesting an increase in hepatotoxicity. These results indicate that plastic-related compounds could damage the liver by affecting several molecular pathways. KW - cytotoxicity KW - ecotoxicity KW - hepatotoxicity KW - microplastic KW - RNA sequencing Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/16/5952 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28165952 SN - 1420-3049 VL - 28 IS - 16 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kammerer, Sarah A1 - Nowak, Elisabeth A1 - Mantke, René A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner T1 - In vitro simulation of the liver first-pass effect with biotransformation-competent HepG2 cells to study effects of MG-132 on liver and cancer cells T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - BACKGROUND: Liver biotransformation is the major route for drug metabolism in humans, often catalysed by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes. This first-pass effect can lead to hepatotoxicity and influences the bioavailability of drugs. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to establish in vitro culture systems simulating the liver first-pass to study effects of the proteasome inhibitor MG-132 simultaneously on hepatocytes and cancer cells. METHODS: The first-pass effect was simulated by conditioned medium transfer (CMT) from pre-treated HepG2 CYP3A4-overexpressing cells to either pancreatic cancer cell line PANC-1 or primary colon cancer cells, and by indirect co-culture (CC) of liver and cancer cells in a shared medium compartment. Experimental proteasome inhibitor MG-132 was used as test substance as it is detoxified by CYP3A4. RESULTS: Cancer cells showed higher viabilities in the first-pass simulation by CMT and CC formats when compared to monocultures indicating effective detoxification of MG-132 by HepG2 CYP3A4-overexpressing cells. HepG2-CYP3A4 cells showed reduced viabilites after treatment with MG-132. CONCLUSIONS: We successfully established two different culture systems to simulate the liver first-pass effect in vitro. Such systems easily allow to study drug effects simultaneously on liver and on target cancer cells. They are of great value in pre-clinical cancer research, pharmaceutical research and drug development. KW - Liver biotransformation KW - first-pass effect KW - CYP3A4 KW - MG-132 KW - cancer cells KW - in vitro culture systems Y1 - 2024 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/clinical-hemorheology-and-microcirculation/ch238108 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-238108 SN - 1386-0291 VL - 86 IS - 1-2 SP - 159 EP - 168 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nghinaunye, Theopolina A1 - Waldeck, Peter A1 - Jung, Conrad H. G. A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Braune, Steffen T1 - Response of Arthrospira platensis to different temperatures regarding growth and biochemical composition T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - The growth of cyanobacteria can vary considerably depending on the ambient temperature. Since the optimal growth temperature for Arthrospira platensis (strain SAG21.99) is not yet known, this was investigated in the present study. The study revealed that a process temperature of 30°C seems to be optimal for the Arthrospira strain SAG21.99 cultivation in terms of a maximum biomass productivity. This was also true for the phycocyanin content which was at 30°C significantly higher than at 20 or 40°C. KW - Arthrospira platensis KW - growth KW - temperature KW - bioreactor Y1 - 2023 UR - https://content.iospress.com/articles/clinical-hemorheology-and-microcirculation/ch238104 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-238104 SN - 1386-0291 SP - 1 EP - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jung, Conrad H. G. A1 - Nghinaunye, Theopolina A1 - Waldeck, Peter A1 - Braune, Steffen A1 - Petrick, Ingolf A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner A1 - Jung, Friedrich T1 - Decarbonization of Arthrospira platensis production by using atmospheric CO2 as an exclusive carbon source: proof of principle T2 - International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology N2 - There is an urgent need to develop technologies for removing CO2 from the atmosphere to combat climate change. Microalgae and cyanobacteria, such as Arthrospira platensis (AP), have shown promise due to their high photoautotrophic biomass production. Conventional AP culture media are supplemented with high concentrations of NaHCO3 since AP utilizes as a carbon source. These culture conditions result in significant amounts of CO2 escaping into the atmosphere, instead of being sequestered during cultivation. Here, we investigated whether ambient air (0.042% CO2) can be used for growing AP in a culture medium lacking a fossil-based carbon source. AP was cultured in 2 L glass bioreactors containing: (1) Zarrouk medium with 16.8 g/L NaHCO3 and aeration with 0.236 vvm air with 2% CO2 (“NaHCO3/CO2-based”) to compensate carbon loss due to CO2 outgassing, and (2) Zarrouk medium without NaHCO3 and a gas flow with ambient air (0.926 vvm) as the only carbon source (“air-based”). The air-based production resulted in the biofixation of 3.78 gCO2/L during the linear growth phase. With NaHCO3/CO2-based production, a comparable amount of 3.42 gCO2/L was obtained while 659.12 g of CO2 was released into the atmosphere. Total protein, phycocyanin, chlorophyll-a, and carotenoids were present in similar or increased amounts in AP produced by the air-based method. We concluded that cultivation of AP with Zarrouk medium lacking NaHCO3 but using ambient air with atmospheric CO2 as the only carbon source is possible without reducing productivity. These results improve our understanding of how atmospheric CO2 can be reduced by culturing AP. KW - Arthrospira platensis KW - Atmospheric CO2 KW - Biomass production KW - Climate change KW - Carbon capturing KW - Decarbonization Y1 - 2023 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13762-023-05215-x#citeas U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-023-05215-x SN - 1735-2630 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Alsabbagh, Wael A1 - Langendörfer, Peter T1 - A New Injection Threat on S7-1500 PLCs - Disrupting the Physical Process Offline T2 - IEEE Open Journal of the Industrial Electronics Society Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIES.2022.3151528 SN - 2644-1284 IS - 3 SP - 146 EP - 162 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Scholaske, Laura A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Entringer, Sonja T1 - Perceived stress and depressive symptoms during pregnancy and postpartum in Turkish-origin women living in German T2 - Journal of Psychosomatic Research N2 - Objective: People of Turkish origin (also referred to as “with a Turkish migrant background”) are one of the largest migrant groups in Germany and show disparities across different stress-related health outcomes. Specifically, women of Turkish origin in Germany have a greater risk for some mental health issues and adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes compared to women without migrant background. We tested differences between women of Turkish origin and women without migrant background in self-reported pregnancy and postpartum stress experiences and depressive symptoms. Methods: 32 women of Turkish origin (mean age 29.7 years) and 77 women without migrant background (mean age 32 years) participated in a multi-site prospective cohort study with two study visits during pregnancy and one month postpartum. Women provided sociodemographic data and completed the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and the Center for Epidemiology – Depression (CESD) scale at each study visit. Results: Using hierarchical linear models, we found that women of Turkish origin (both first and second gen- eration) reported more perceived stress (b = 0.57, CI: 0.29–0.84, p < 0.001) and depressive symptoms (b = 0.32, CI = 0.14–0.49, p < 0.001) compared to women without migrant background across gestation. A linear regression analysis showed that there was also a significant difference in depressive symptoms at one month postpartum (b = 0.35, CI = 0.03–0.66, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Tailored psychosocial interventions are needed to address mental health needs of pregnant Turkish origin women and to intervene on the possible transmission of stress-related health disadvantages to their offspring. KW - Depression Turkish origin women KW - Perceived stress KW - Pregnancy KW - Turkish origin women Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2023.111570 SN - 0022-3999 IS - 177 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Obongo, Angela A1 - Tallarek, Marie A1 - Spallek, Jacob T1 - Determinants of access to and use of gestational diabetes mellitus services in Kenya: a multimethod case study protocol T2 - BMJ Open N2 - Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a growing public health issue in many low and middle-income countries (LMICs), making up about 90% of the global burden of GDM. Additionally, LMICs' healthcare systems are already overwhelmed by the prevalence of communicable diseases. It is crucial to understand the patterns of GDM in sub-Saharan African countries. Early detection, lifestyle and medication interventions, regular prenatal visits and effective postpartum management can help avert the future development of type 2 diabetes. GDM services present opportunities for preventive and treatment strategies for women with GDM. However, various factors contribute to challenges and obstacles in accessing GDM services, particularly suboptimal postpartum screening and follow-up. This study aims to investigate the societal and healthcare factors that facilitate or hinder access to and use of GDM services, as well as the factors that promote or obstruct the management and treatment of GDM, in Kenya, using a postcolonial theoretical approach. KW - diabetes in pregnancy KW - health services accessibility KW - public health Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-074916 SN - 2044-6055 VL - 13 IS - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hermann, Erik T1 - Artificial Intelligence and Mass Personalization of Communication Content - An Ethical and Literacy Perspective T2 - New Media & Society Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448211022702 SN - 1461-7315 SN - 1461-4448 VL - 24 IS - 5 SP - 1258 EP - 1277 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kabin, Ievgen A1 - Dyka, Zoya A1 - Langendörfer, Peter T1 - Atomicity and Regularity Principles do not Ensure Full Resistance of ECC Designs against Single-Trace Attacks T2 - Sensors Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/s22083083 SN - 1424-8220 VL - 22 IS - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Amirov, Fariz A1 - Shiraliyev, Ilgar T1 - Reducing maintenance costs by increasing the service life of mud pump ceramic liners T2 - Oil Gas European Magazine · August 2022, DVV Media Group GmbH, Deutschland N2 - The article tells about the research on wear and tear of mud pump liners, namely: main characteristics that distinguish ceramic liners from others used on the units equipped with a hydraulic system for washing out the drilling wells from cuttings, design of ceramic liners, calculation of the wear rate of ceramic liners, and the positive contribution they have made on the modern drilling process. Besides, the research is made on the simplicity of the structure of ceramic liners, little time required to assemble and replace the liners, safety of the work, cost-effectiveness, wearing and corrosion durability, and also compliance with other requirements. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.19225/220204 SN - 0179-3187 IS - 2 SP - 32 EP - 34 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hermann, Erik T1 - Psychological Targeting: Nudge or Boost to Foster Mindful and Sustainable Consumption? T2 - AI & Society Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00146-022-01403-4 SN - 1425-5655 SN - 0951-5666 VL - 38 IS - 2 SP - 961 EP - 962 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lehniger, Kai A1 - Saad, Abdelaziz A1 - Langendörfer, Peter T1 - Finding Gadgets in Incremental Code Updates for Return-Oriented Programming Attacks on Resource-Constrained Devices T2 - Annals of Telecommunications Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12243-022-00917-8 SN - 0003-4347 VL - 78 SP - 209 EP - 229 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wägele, J. Wolfgang A1 - Bodesheim, Paul A1 - Bourlat, Sarah J. A1 - Denzler, Joachim A1 - Diepenbroek, Michael A1 - Fonseca, Vera A1 - Frommolt, Karl-Heinz A1 - Geiger, Matthias F. A1 - Gemeinholzer, Birgit A1 - Glöckner, Frank Oliver A1 - Haucke, Timm A1 - Kirse, Ameli A1 - Kölpin, Alexander A1 - Kostadinov, Ivaylo A1 - Kühl, Hjalmar S. A1 - Kurth, Frank A1 - Lasseck, Mario A1 - Liedke, Sascha A1 - Losch, Florian A1 - Müller, Sandra A1 - Petrovskaya, Natalia A1 - Piotrowski, Krzysztof A1 - Radig, Bernd A1 - Scherber, Christoph A1 - Schoppmann, Lukas A1 - Schulz, Jan A1 - Steinhage, Volker A1 - Tschan, Georg F. A1 - Vautz, Wolfgang A1 - Velotto, Domenico A1 - Weigend, Maximilian A1 - Wildermann, Stefan T1 - Towards a Multisensor Station for Automated Biodiversity Monitoring T2 - Basic and Applied Ecology Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2022.01.003 SN - 1439-1791 VL - 59 SP - 105 EP - 138 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Powroźnik, Piotr A1 - Szcześniak, Paweł A1 - Sobolewski, Łukasz A1 - Piotrowski, Krzysztof T1 - Novel Functionalities of Smart Home Devices for the Elastic Energy Management Algorithm T2 - Energies Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/en15228632 SN - 1996-1073 VL - 15 IS - 22 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Piotrowski, Piotr A1 - Szcześniak, Paweł A1 - Turchan, Krzysztof A1 - Krysik, Milosz A1 - Koropiecki, Igor A1 - Piotrowski, Krzysztof T1 - An Elastic Energy Management Algorithm in a Hierarchical Control System with Distributed Control Devices T2 - Energies Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/en15134750 SN - 1996-1073 VL - 15 IS - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krysik, Milosz A1 - Piotrowski, Krzysztof A1 - Turchan, Krzysztof T1 - Testing Smart Grid Scenarios with Small Volume Testbed and Flexible Power Inverter T2 - Energies Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/en15020428 SN - 1996-1073 VL - 15 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Powroźnik, Piotr A1 - Szcześniak, Paweł A1 - Piotrowski, Krzysztof T1 - Elastic Energy Management Algorithm using IoT Technology for Devices with Smart Appliance Functionality to React to the Occurrence of Overvoltage in the Smart-Grid T2 - Energies Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/en15010109 SN - 1996-1073 VL - 15 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Martin, Cristian A1 - Langendörfer, Peter A1 - Zarrin, Pouya Soltani A1 - Díaz, Manuel A1 - Rubio, Bartolomé T1 - Kafka-ML: Connecting the Data Stream with ML/AI Frameworks T2 - Future Generation Computer Systems Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2021.07.037 SN - 0167-739X VL - 126 SP - 15 EP - 33 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Popovski, Eftim A1 - Ragwitz, Mario A1 - Brugger, Heike T1 - Decarbonization of district heating and deep retrofits of buildings as competing or synergetic strategies for the implementation of the efficiency first principle T2 - Smart Energy N2 - This paper discusses the compatibility of district heating (DH) networks with deep retrofits of buildings under various European climate conditions and city typologies. The study analyses five cities with different DH market shares, climate zones, population densities, and transferability potentials. First, we have forecasted population, heated floor area, and share of floor area per construction period until 2050, and then calculated three different heat demand scenarios for varying building refurbishment rates of 1%, 2%, and 3% of the total floor area. Second, future suitable DH regions with min 25 GWh/km2 networks were identified. By applying a bottom-up GIS model, based on the type of city area, number of buildings, street length, and heat density, the DH distribution capital and operation costs were calculated. Lastly, to compare the total cost of heat supply for each scenario, the cost of individual heat per building type was calculated. The results show that even in the scenarios with high refurbishment rates of 3%, high percentage of the built-up areas, between 23% and 68% depending on the city typology, are suitable for DH supply in 2050. The share of DH from the total heat supply varies between 49% and 83%. An increase of the DH price between 14% and 35%, depending on the scenario and case study can be expected due to the reduced heat densities compared to the current ones. Nevertheless, maximizing the DH connection rates in the identified regions leads to lower total cost of heat in almost all the analysed case studies. KW - Energy efficiency first principle KW - District heating networks KW - Bottom-up energy modelling KW - Geographic information system KW - Deep energy retrofit KW - Municipal heat planning Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.segy.2023.100096 SN - 2666-9552 VL - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - George, Jan Frederick A1 - Werner, Simon A1 - Preuß, Sabine A1 - Winkler, Jenny A1 - Held, Anne A1 - Ragwitz, Mario T1 - The landlord-tenant dilemma: Distributional effects of carbon prices, redistribution and building modernisation policies in the German heating transition T2 - Applied Energy N2 - A carbon price on heating fuels aims to reduce the use of fossil energy in the heating sector. However, it has a greater effect on tenants than on landlords. The heating transition requires adequate building insulation for efficient use of low-temperature technologies. To encourage this particular kind of investment, German landlords are given the option to apply a modernisation levy of up to 8% on top of rents. Similar to carbon pricing, rent increases cause distributional effects. The net effect of these measures on tenants has not been analysed so far. Using a micro-simulation integrating representative empirical data on tenant households in Germany from KOSMA and the detailed building database TABULA, we analyse direct distributional effects of a carbon price (€55/t and €250/t), a per-capita redistribution of carbon price revenues and the modernisation levy (8% and 2% rent increases). The analysis shows that carbon prices and modernisation levies have strong regressive effects. These can be mitigated by the per-capita redistribution. However, the effect on tenants within a given income decile varies largely due to the diversity of buildings. Thus, when designing and evaluating policies, looking at average effects is not sufficient to assess economic impacts for individual households. KW - Horizontal and vertical distributional effects of carbon prices KW - Energy-efficient building modernisation KW - User-investor dilemma KW - Micro-simulation Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2023.120783 SN - 0306-2619 VL - 339 SP - 1 EP - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dang, Chau Huyen A1 - Farru, Gianluigi A1 - Glaser, Claudia A1 - Fischer, Marcus A1 - Libra, Judy T1 - Enhancing the Fuel Properties of Spent Coffee Grounds through Hydrothermal Carbonization: Output Prediction and Post-Treatment Approaches T2 - Sustainability N2 - The reuse potential for the large annual production of spent coffee grounds (SCGs) is underexploited in most world regions. Hydrochars from SCGs produced via hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) have been recognized as a promising solid fuel alternative. To increase demand, optimization of the HTC and two post-treatment processes, washing and agglomeration, were studied to improve hydrochar in terms of energetic properties, minimizing unwanted substances, and better handling. HTC experiments at three scales (1–18.75 L) and varying process conditions (temperature T (160–250 °C), reaction time t (1–5 h), and solid content %So (6–20%) showed that the higher heating value (HHV) can be improved by up to 46%, and most potential emissions of trace elements from combustion reduced (up to 90%). The HTC outputs (solid yield—SY, HHV, energy yield—EY) were modeled and compared to published genetic programming (GP) models. Both model types predicted the three outputs with low error (<15%) and can be used for process optimization. The efficiency of water washing depended on the HTC process temperature and type of aromatics produced. The furanic compounds were removed (69–100%; 160 °C), while only 34% of the phenolic compounds (240 °C) were washed out. Agglomeration of both wet SCG and its hydrochar is feasible; however, the finer particles of washed hydrochar (240 °C) resulted in larger-sized spherical pellets (85% > 2000–4000 µm) compared to SCGs (only 4%). KW - hydrothermal carbonization KW - energy yield KW - spent coffee grounds KW - char washing Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/su16010338 SN - 2071-1050 VL - 16 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Billerbeck, Anna A1 - Breitschopf, Barbara A1 - Preuß, Sabine A1 - Winkler, Jenny A1 - Ragwitz, Mario A1 - Keles, Dogan T1 - Perception of district heating in Europe: A deep dive into influencing factors and the role of regulation T2 - Energy Policy N2 - To increase the deployment of district heating in line with European targets, there is a need to understand consumer perceptions and the role of regulations. Therefore, this paper focuses on consumer perceptions of district heating and analyses the influencing factors. The analysis uses data from an online survey with 4388 participants from nine European countries. In particular, the paper discusses the impact of socio-demographic factors, attitudes and regulations on the perception of district heating. Statistical analyses show that re-spondents from Denmark and Sweden have the most positive perception, while respondents from Lithuania and the Netherlands have a less positive perception of district heating. In addition, the results indicate that re-spondents from countries with no mandatory connection, liberalised price regulation and mainly public ownership seem to have a more positive perception of district heating, higher satisfaction when using district heating and a more positive rating of their heating price than those from countries with mandatory connection, regulated prices and a more mixed ownership structure. Overall, the paper provides a first overview of possible factors influencing the perception of district heating and indicates that the mix of appropriate regulations and, in particular, their combined impact, could play an important role in perception. KW - Consumer perception KW - District heating KW - Heating policy KW - Monopoly regulation KW - Social acceptance Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2023.113860 SN - 0301-4215 VL - 184 SP - 1 EP - 17 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Xie, Tianxiao A1 - Mathiazhagan, Akilan A1 - Barkowski, Daniel A1 - Starick, Tommy A1 - Berg, Heinz Peter A1 - Höschler, Klaus T1 - Comparison of convective heat transfer in metal foam-filled channels of three different cross-sections T2 - Numerical Heat Transfer, Part A: Applications N2 - This work introduces a new approach of analyzing convective heat transfer in porous medium by considering the foam structure as a type of fin. It provides the resulting heat transfer characteristics for the design of a longitudinally flowed tube bundle reformer used for the Micro Gas Turbine Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (MGT-SOFC) hybrid process. Owing to a limited experimental database available in literature for the above-mentioned situation, a physical model is initially introduced for a channel flow configuration between two large flat plates using a commercial PDE solver. This model is then validated with experimental results available in literature. A comparison with theoretical solutions is also conducted. Later, this model is modified/adapted for a pipe flow configuration. The physical model for a channel with representative cross-section shape of a longitudinally flowed tube bundle is more complex and is therefore built in a commercial CFD-Solver. A comparative study of the heat transfer behavior in channels of different cross-sections is performed based on a new dimensionless correlation, whose physical coherence with fin efficiency is explained and mathematically proved. The applicability of the heat transfer correlation from one cross-sectional shape to the other are discussed. The proposed new treatment of the porous medium as a fin structure considerably simplifies the heat transfer analysis in porous medium by the clear physical meaning behind fin efficiency and Biot number. This relationship contributes to a better understanding of the heat heat transfer characteristics in porous media in contrast to the correlation between Nusselt number and Reynolds number. Furthermore, this correlation enables a direct comparison between foam structures of different parameters because the fin efficiency is always between 0 and 1. The strong physical background of new correlations also enhances the reliability and plausibility at characterizing and designing the metal foam for heat transfer enhancement. KW - Channel flow with different cross-section KW - Forced convection KW - Heat transfer in porous media KW - New heat transfer correlations Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/10407782.2023.2181892 SN - 1521-0634 SN - 1040-7782 VL - 85 IS - 2 SP - 222 EP - 236 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jansen, Malte A1 - Beiter, Philipp A1 - Riepin, Iegor A1 - Müsgens, Felix A1 - Guajardo-Fajardo, Victor Juarez A1 - Staffell, Iain A1 - Bulder, Bernard A1 - Kitzing, Lena T1 - Policy choices and outcomes for the competitive procurement of offshore wind energy globally T2 - Energy Policy N2 - Offshore wind energy is rapidly expanding, facilitated largely through auctions run by governments. We provide a detailed quantified overview of utilised auction schemes, including geographical spread, volumes, results, and design specifications. Our comprehensive global dataset reveals heterogeneous designs. Although most auction designs provide some form of revenue stabilisation, their specific instrument choices vary and include feed-in tariffs, one-sided and two-sided contracts for difference, mandated power purchase agreements, and mandated renewable energy certificates. We review the schemes used in all eight major offshore wind jurisdictions across Europe, Asia, and North America and evaluate bids in their jurisdictional context. We analyse cost competitiveness, likelihood of timely construction, occurrence of strategic bidding, and identify jurisdictional aspects that might have influenced auction results. We find that auctions are embedded within their respective regulatory and market design context, and are remarkably diverse, though with regional similarities. Auctions in each jurisdiction have evolved and tend to become more exposed to market price risks over time. Less mature markets are more prone to make use of lower-risk designs. Still, some form of revenue stabilisation is employed for all auctioned offshore wind energy farms analysed here, regardless of the specific policy choices. Our data confirm a coincidence of declining costs and growing diffusion of auction regimes. KW - Renewable energy KW - Tender design KW - Auction database KW - Support scheme KW - Policy analysis KW - Remuneration Mechanism KW - Revenue stabilisation Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2022.113000 SN - 0301-4215 VL - 167 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nguyen, Thi Ngoc A1 - Müsgens, Felix T1 - What drives the accuracy of PV output forecasts? T2 - Applied Energy N2 - In this paper, 180 papers on photovoltaic (PV) output forecasting were reviewed and a database of forecast errors was extracted for statistical analysis. The paper shows that among the forecast models, hybrid models are most likely to become the primary form of PV output forecasting in the future. The use of data processing techniques is positively correlated with the forecast quality, while the lengths of the forecast horizons and out-of-sample test sets have negative effects on the forecast accuracy. The paper also found that the use of data normalization, the wavelet transform, and the inclusion of clear sky index and numerical weather prediction variables are the most effective data processing techniques. Furthermore, the paper found some evidence of “cherry picking” in the reporting of errors and we recommend that the test sets be at least one year long to avoid any distortion in the performance of the models. KW - Solar energy forecasting KW - Photovoltaics forecasting KW - Evaluating forecasts KW - Forecasting practice KW - Model selection KW - Statistical analysis Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.119603 SN - 1872-9118 SN - 0306-2619 VL - 323 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bruttel, Lisa A1 - Ziemann, Niklas T1 - How do people discount over spatial distance? T2 - German Economic Review N2 - This paper studies how individuals discount the utility they derive from their provision of goods over spatial distance. In a controlled laboratory experiment in Germany, we elicit preferences for the provision of the same good at different locations. To isolate spatial preferences from any other direct value of the goods being close to the individual, we focus on goods with “existence value.” We find that individuals put special weight on the provision of these goods in their immediate vicinity. This “vicinity bias” represents a spatial analogy to the “present bias” in the time dimension. KW - spatial distance Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/ger-2021-0106 SN - 1468-0475 SN - 1465-6485 VL - 24 IS - 1 SP - 33 EP - 67 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Alexander A1 - Jensch, Felix A1 - Härtel, Sebastian T1 - Multi-material additive manufacturing-functionally graded materials by means of laser remelting during laser powder bed fusion T2 - Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering N2 - Many processes may be used for manufacturing functionally graded materials. Among them, additive manufacturing seems to be predestined due to near-net shape manufacturing of complex geometries combined with the possibility of applying different materials in one component. By adjusting the powder composition of the starting material layer by layer, a macroscopic and step-like gradient can be achieved. To further improve the step-like gradient, an enhancement of the in-situ mixing degree, which is limited according to the state of the art, is necessary. In this paper, a novel technique for an enhancement of the in-situ material mixing degree in the melt pool by applying laser remelting (LR) is described. The effect of layer-wise LR on the formation of the interface was investigated using pure copper and low-alloy steel in a laser powder bed fusion process. Subsequent cross-sectional selective electron microscopic analyses were carried out. By applying LR, the mixing degree was enhanced, and the reaction zone thickness between the materials was increased. Moreover, an additional copper and iron-based phase was formed in the interface, resulting in a smoother gradient of the chemical composition than the case without LR. The Marangoni convection flow and thermal diffusion are the driving forces for the observed effect. KW - multi-material additive manufacturing (MMAM) KW - functionally graded materials (FGMs) KW - laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) KW - laser remelting (LR) KW - pure copper Y1 - 2023 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11465-023-0765-z U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11465-023-0765-z SN - 2095-0233 VL - 18 IS - 4 SP - 1 EP - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schneidereit, Toni A1 - Breuß, Michael T1 - Adaptive neural-domain refinement for solving time-dependent differential equations T2 - Advances in Continuous and Discrete Models N2 - A classic approach for solving differential equations with neural networks builds upon neural forms, which employ the differential equation with a discretisation of the solution domain. Making use of neural forms for time-dependent differential equations, one can apply the recently developed method of domain segmentation. That is, the domain may be split into several subdomains, on which the optimisation problem is solved. In classic adaptive numerical methods, the mesh as well as the domain may be refined or decomposed, in order to improve the accuracy. Also, the degree of approximation accuracy may be adapted. Therefore, it is desirable to transfer such important and successful strategies to the field of neural-network-based solutions. In the presented work, we propose a novel adaptive neural approach to meet this aim for solving time-dependent problems. To this end, each subdomain is reduced in size until the optimisation is resolved up to a predefined training accuracy. In addition, while the neural networks employed are by default small, we propose a means to adjust also the number of neurons in an adaptive way. We introduce conditions to automatically confirm the solution reliability and optimise computational parameters whenever it is necessary. Results are provided for several initial-value problems that illustrate important computational properties of the method. KW - Neural forms KW - Adaptive neural refinement KW - Domain decomposition KW - Physics-informed neural networks KW - Differential equations Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s13662-023-03789-x SN - 2731-4235 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kahra, Marvin A1 - Breuß, Michael T1 - Properties of Morphological Dilation in Max-Plus and Plus-Prod Algebra in Connection with the Fourier Transformation T2 - Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision N2 - The basic filters in mathematical morphology are dilation and erosion. They are defined by a structuring element that is usually shifted pixel-wise over an image, together with a comparison process that takes place within the corresponding mask. This comparison is made in the grey value case by means of maximum or minimum formation. Hence, there is easy access to max-plus algebra and, by means of an algebra change, also to the theory of linear algebra. We show that an approximation of the maximum function forms a commutative semifield (with respect to multiplication) and corresponds to the maximum again in the limit case. In this way, we demonstrate a novel access to the logarithmic connection between the Fourier transform and the slope transformation. In addition, we prove that the dilation by means of a fast Fourier transform depends only on the size of the structuring element used. Moreover, we derive a bound above which the Fourier approximation yields results that are exact in terms of grey value quantisation. KW - Mathematical morphology KW - Fourier transform KW - Dilation KW - Max-plus algebra KW - Slope transform Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10851-022-01138-3 SN - 0924-9907 VL - 65 IS - 4 SP - 577 EP - 591 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Averkov, Gennadiy A1 - Soprunov, Ivan T1 - Plücker-type inequalities for mixed areas and intersection numbers of curve arrangements T2 - International Mathematics Research Notices Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/imrn/rnac216 SN - 1073-7928 IS - 18 SP - 16015 EP - 16050 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lorenzana, Jose A1 - Seibold, Götz T1 - Long-Lived Higgs Modes in Strongly Correlated Condensates T2 - Physical Review Letters N2 - We investigate order parameter fluctuations in the Hubbard model within a time-dependent Gutzwiller approach. While in the weak coupling limit we find that the amplitude fluctuations are short-lived due to a degeneracy with the energy of the edge of the quasiparticle continua (and in agreement with Hartree-Fock+RPA theory), these are shifted below the edge upon increasing the interaction. Our calculations therefore predict undamped amplitude (Higgs) oscillations of the order parameter in strongly coupled superconductors, cold atomic fermion condensates, and strongly interacting charge- and spin-density wave systems. We propose an experimental realization for the detection of the spin-type Higgs mode in undoped cuprates and related materials where, due to the Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya interaction, it can couple to an out-of-plane ferromagnetic excitation that is visible via the Faraday effect. KW - Magnetism KW - Quasiparticles & collective excitations KW - Spin dynamics KW - Superconducting order parameter KW - Superconductivity KW - Antiferromagnets KW - Atomic gases KW - High-temperature superconductors Y1 - 2024 UR - https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.132.026501 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.132.026501 SN - 0031-9007 VL - 132 IS - 2 SP - 026501-1 EP - 026501-8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Alimov, Artem A1 - Sviridov, Alexander A1 - Sydow, Benjamin A1 - Jensch, Felix A1 - Härtel, Sebastian T1 - Additive Manufacturing of Hot-Forming Dies Using Laser Powder Bed Fusion and Wire Arc Direct Energy Deposition Technologies T2 - Metals N2 - Additive technologies are now widely used for the production of complex precise parts and have high potential for the production of forming dies. In this work, hot-forming dies optimized for additive manufacturing were developed and produced with wire arc direct energy deposition (WA-DED) and laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) technologies. The concept of lightweight hot-forming dies with a 2D-lattice structure was developed, which reduced the weight of each die by 56%, from 14.2 kg to 6.1 kg, in production using L-PBF. Maraging/precipitation-hardened steel 17-4PH was used as an alternative to traditional hot-working steels with slightly lower mechanical properties and a much higher processability in the additive manufacturing process. The workability of the manufactured dies was confirmed by forging tests on an industrial screw press. KW - additive manufacturing KW - hot-forming dies KW - L-PBF KW - WA-DED KW - WAAM Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/13/11/1842 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/met13111842 SN - 2075-4701 VL - 13 IS - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Starick, Tommy A1 - Schmidt, Heiko T1 - Stochastic modeling of turbulent mixing based on a hierarchical swapping of fluid parcels T2 - Proceedings in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics N2 - Turbulent mixing is an omnipresent phenomenon that constantly affects our everyday life and plays an important role in a variety of industrial applications. The simulation of turbulent mixing poses great challenges, since the full resolution of all relevant length and time scales is associated with an immense computational effort. This limitation can be overcome by only resolving the large-scale effects and completely model the sub-grid scales. The development of an accurate sub-grid mixing model is therefore a key challenge to capture all interactions in the sub-grid scales. At this place, the hierarchical parcel-swapping (HiPS) model formulated by A.R. Kerstein [J. Stat. Phys. 153, 142–161 (2013)] represents a computationally efficient and scale-resolving turbulent mixing model. HiPS mimics the effects of turbulence on time-evolving, diffusive scalar fields. In HiPS, the diffusive scalar fields or a state space is interpreted as a binary tree structure, which is an alternative approach compared to the most common mixing models. Every level of the tree represents a specific length and time scale, which is based on turbulence inertial range scaling. The state variables are only located at the base of the tree and are treated as fluid parcels. The effects of turbulent advection are represented by stochastic swaps of sub-trees at rates determined by turbulent time scales associated with the sub-trees. The mixing only takes places between adjacent fluid parcels and at rates consistent with the prevailing diffusion time scales. In this work, the HiPS model formulation for the simulation of passive scalar mixing is detailed first. Preliminary results for the mean square displacement, passive scalar probability density function (PDF) and scalar dissipation rate are given and reveal the strengths of the HiPS model considering the reduced order and computational efficiency. These model investigations are an important step of further HiPS advancements. The integrated auxiliary binary tree structure allows HiPS to satisfy a large number of criteria for a good mixing model. From this point of view, HiPS is an attractive candidate for modeling the mixing in transported PDF methods. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.202300280 SN - 1617-7061 N1 - Special Issue: 93rd Annual Meeting of the International Association of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics (GAMM), December 2023 VL - 23 IS - 4 SP - 1 EP - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hayat, Mubashir A1 - Winkler, Herwig T1 - Blockchain Adoption in Product Lifecycle Management: Challenges and Potential Directions T2 - Procedia CIRP N2 - Blockchain is a leading-edge technology that has received great public attention in the past few years. Due to its eccentric features i.e. transparency, immutability and decentralization, blockchain intends to targets any domain that deals with transactional data. In production sectors, significant efforts are in progress to make use of this disruptive technology for efficient collaboration among stakeholders and management of their products lifecycles. However, despite positive feedback and great aspiration, certain challenges still exist over which the executive level management has great concern. In this regard, this study tries to highlight and focus on what are the potential challenges in blockchain technology adoption? and provide recommendations for how organization can address those challenges? Initially, we elaborate and classify the potential challenges into two categories i.e. key challenges specific to blockchain adoption in PLM and some further challenges that are generic in nature and applicable to most of the applications of blockchain. The study then scientifically argues for potential directions and solutions to address the key challenges. Afterward, the general-purpose challenges are explored and broken down into four different aspects i.e. technical, organizational, environmental & social, and financial challenges. It is emphasized that both internal and external level decisions are need of the day to address these challenges. Finally, the evolution of a new era i.e. blockchain 5.0, its aims and capabilities to overcome the existing technical concerns has been discussed. Multiple Industrial sectors can follow the recommendation presented in this paper to setup their own secure and full-fledged blockchain-based PLM systems. KW - Blockchain Technology KW - Product Lifecycle Management KW - Potential Challenges KW - Blockchain 5.0 Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2023.08.022 SN - 2212-8271 VL - 120 SP - 117 EP - 122 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bartsch, Devis A1 - Winkler, Herwig T1 - A new Instrument for Production Control: The Smart Order Concept T2 - Procedia CIRP N2 - Production control is an essential component of a production system used to monitor and manage production orders. Centrally controlled production systems rely on basic data management, such as storing the bill of materials and required work schedules. Components of customer orders are added to generate the corresponding production orders. However, this type of production control can pose serious problems in case of unforeseen events such as machine failure or changing customer requirements during production. In such scenarios, costly and time-consuming re-scheduling becomes necessary, which endangers the company's competitive position and leads to data retention issues. This paper introduces a new method of production control based on the concept of smart orders. Smart orders use smart contracts for autonomous routing based on programmed information in the source code, enabling self-control through the production system. Smart contracts are transaction programs that work with ‘if-then logic”, allowing for partially flexible process schedules and reducing the need for human intervention. The smart order uses the functionalities of blockchain technology, such as security, transparency, and immutability, to ensure the integrity of production data. The paper concludes by presenting the expected value propositions of smart order-based production control on the production system. Depending on the production control system used, companies can integrate the results presented in this paper into their own blockchain implementation strategy. KW - Smart Order KW - Production Control KW - Blockchain KW - Smart Contract Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2023.09.037 SN - 2212-8271 VL - 120 SP - 559 EP - 564 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Riepin, Iegor A1 - Schmidt, Matthew A1 - Baringo, Luis A1 - Müsgens, Felix T1 - Adaptive robust optimization for European strategic gas infrastructure planning T2 - Applied Energy N2 - An adaptive robust optimization model for a gas transmission expansion problem. Analysis of Projects of Common Interests’ value in maintaining gas system resilience. Endogenous realizations of cold-winter demand spikes and supply shortages. Publicly available source code for the entire project. KW - Adaptive robust optimization KW - Capacity planning KW - European gas market KW - Uncertainty Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.119686 SN - 1872-9118 SN - 0306-2619 VL - 324 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nowack, Kati T1 - From inglorious basterds, aliens, and hobbits: The structure of fictional film genre preferences and its relationship with time perspective and individual time span orientation T2 - Psychology of Popular Media N2 - What distinguishes our aesthetic experience of Middle Earth from Tarantino’s hybrid genre settings? To what extent does individual temporal orientation influence whether we prefer fast action or epic fantasy movies? Because film genres share stylistic and narrative elements, this study aimed to provide a categorization based on the features that genres share in unique ways. Furthermore, meaningful dimensions underlying these categories were investigated. Then, interrelations with individual temporal orientation were assessed. Participants completed a test of fictional film preferences, the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory, and the Individual Time Span Scales. Multidimensional scaling revealed three latent dimensions: social, conflict, and narrative setting. Principal component analysis revealed seven components of fictional film preferences: fantastic, communal, action, doomed, thrilling, unconventional, and historical. The current findings suggest that mood management processes are less influential in the development of more stable genre preferences than social phenomena. Regarding individual temporal orientation, findings were in line with life history theory for individual time span orientation. Time perspective was less related to film genre preferences. Here, gender appeared to be the main influence. KW - individual temporal orientation KW - principal component analysis KW - multidimensional scale analysis KW - media selection Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1037/ppm0000520 SN - 2689-6575 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gonzalez-Castãno, Miriam A1 - Morales, Carlos A1 - Navarro de Miguel, Juan Carlos A1 - Boelte, Jens-H. A1 - Klepel, Olaf A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo A1 - Arellano-García, Harvey T1 - Are Ni/ and Ni5Fe1/biochar catalysts suitable for synthetic natural gas production? A comparison with γ-Al2O3 supported catalysts T2 - Green Energy & Environment N2 - Among challenges implicit in the transition to the post–fossil fuel energetic model, the finite amount of resources available for the technological implementation of CO2 revalorizing processes arises as a central issue. The development of fully renewable catalytic systems with easier metal recovery strategies would promote the viability and sustainability of synthetic natural gas production circular routes. Taking Ni and NiFe catalysts supported over γ-Al2O3 oxide as reference materials, this work evaluates the potentiality of Ni and NiFe supported biochar catalysts for CO2 methanation. The development of competitive biochar catalysts was found dependent on the creation of basic sites on the catalyst surface. Displaying lower Turn Over Frequencies than Ni/Al catalyst, the absence of basic sites achieved over Ni/C catalyst was related to the depleted catalyst performances. For NiFe catalysts, analogous Ni5Fe1 alloys were constituted over both alumina and biochar supports. The highest specific activity of the catalyst series, exhibited by the NiFe/C catalyst, was related to the development of surface basic sites along with weaker NiFe–C interactions, which resulted in increased Ni0:NiO surface populations under reaction conditions. In summary, the present work establishes biochar supports as a competitive material to consider within the future low-carbon energetic panorama. KW - Biochar catalysts KW - Carbon catalysts KW - Ni catalysts KW - NiFe alloy KW - Bimetallic catalysts KW - Synthetic natural gas KW - CO2 methanation Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gee.2021.05.007 SN - 2468-0257 VL - 8 IS - 3 SP - 744 EP - 756 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Li, Yang A1 - Janik, Przemysław A1 - Pfeiffer, Klaus A1 - Schwarz, Harald T1 - Proposal of a regional cluster model for analysis of electrical power network performance T2 - Archives of Electrical Engineering Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.24425/aee.2022.141673 SN - 2300-2506 SN - 1427-4221 VL - 71 IS - 3 SP - 601 EP - 613 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Li, Yang A1 - Janik, Przemysław A1 - Pfeiffer, Klaus A1 - Schwarz, Harald T1 - Charging and discharging strategies for clustered regional energy storage system T2 - Power Electronics and Drives Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2478/pead-2022-0005 SN - 2543-4292 VL - Vol. 7(42) SP - 56 EP - 67 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Aprile, Manuel A1 - Averkov, Gennadiy A1 - Di Summa, Marco A1 - Hojny, Christopher T1 - The role of rationality in integer-programming relaxations T2 - Mathematical Programming, Series A Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10107-023-01994-w SN - 1436-4646 VL - 205(2024) SP - 745 EP - 771 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Averkov, Gennadiy A1 - Schymura, Matthias T1 - On the maximal number of columns of a Delta-modular integer matrix: bounds and computations T2 - Mathematical Programming, Series B Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10107-023-01964-2 SN - 1436-4646 SN - 0025-5610 VL - 2023 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Averkov, Gennadiy A1 - Hojny, Christopher A1 - Schymura, Matthias T1 - Efficient MIP techniques for computing relaxation complexity T2 - Mathematical Programming Computation Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12532-023-00241-9 SN - 1867-2957 SN - 1867-2949 VL - 15 IS - 3 SP - 549 EP - 580 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hüttner, Sören A1 - Henze, Henriette A1 - Elster, Dana A1 - Koch, Philipp A1 - Anderer, Ursula A1 - Eyss, Björn von A1 - Maltzahn, Julia von T1 - A dysfunctional miR-1-TRPS1-MYOG axis drives ERMS by suppressing terminal myogenic differentiation T2 - Molecular Therapy N2 - Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common pediatric soft tissue tumor, comprising two major subtypes: the PAX3/7-FOXO1 fusion-negative embryonal and the PAX3/7-FOXO1 fusion-positive alveolar subtype. Here, we demonstrate that the expression levels of the transcriptional repressor TRPS1 are specifically enhanced in the embryonal subtype, resulting in impaired terminal myogenic differentiation and tumor growth. During normal myogenesis, expression levels of TRPS1 have to decrease to allow myogenic progression, as demonstrated by overexpression of TRPS1 in myoblasts impairing myotube formation. Consequentially, myogenic differentiation in embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma in vitro as well as in vivo can be achieved by reducing TRPS1 levels. Furthermore, we show that TRPS1 levels in RD cells, the bona fide model cell line for embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, are regulated by miR-1 and that TRPS1 and MYOD1 share common genomic binding sites. The myogenin (MYOG) promoter is one of the critical targets of TRPS1 and MYOD1; we demonstrate that TRPS1 restricts MYOG expression and thereby inhibits terminal myogenic differentiation. Therefore, reduction of TRPS1 levels in embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma might be a therapeutic approach to drive embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma cells into myogenic differentiation, thereby generating postmitotic myotubes. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.07.003 SN - 1525-0024 SN - 1525-0016 VL - 31 IS - 9 SP - 2612 EP - 2632 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Brinks, Verena A1 - Ibert, Oliver T1 - Experts in Crisis: The Wide Spectrum of Advisors for Coping with Extreme Events T2 - International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduciton N2 - This paper offers a typology of different groups of “experts” in relation to crisis. While decision-making and leadership are frequently analysed in crisis research, the role of experts who offer advice in crisis is widely underexplored in social scientific research. Based on qualitative interviews, we distinguish between the trouble shooter, the emergency expert, the situative expert, the accidental expert and the trusted advisor. Each of the respective types differs with respect to the specific contribution in dealing with crisis (in terms of expertise in or for crisis), the point in crisis when they are usually called for assistance, as well as their relationship to decision-makers. The proposed typology provides insights into the diversity of experts involved in crisis response and demonstrates the influence expert advisors have on decision-makers during, but also before and after a crisis. KW - Expert Advice KW - Crisis KW - Acute crisis KW - Pre-crisis KW - Post-crisis Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103696 SN - 2212-4209 VL - 92 IS - 103696 SP - 1 EP - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cabezas, Gissela A1 - Quezada Mosquera, Maria Fernanda A1 - Bernal, Ivan T1 - Sistema de Generación de Aplicaciones Interactivas para TV Digital para la evaluación de servicios masivos T2 - Revista Politécnica N2 - The development of the prototype of the system SGAi (Generation System for InteractiveApplications) designed to obtain feedback from TV viewers about mass services, is reported; in a particularway, it is applied to evaluate the quality of telecommunication services. SGAi consists of three components: 1)Survey Composer, which lets users create and customize interactive applications for surveys and automaticallygenerate the NCL code (Nested Context Language) that will run on the STB (Set Top Box) of the viewer;2) A manageable web application that provides the survey management system, receives and storages opinionsas well as the display of results; and 3) the return channel, responsible for communications between the STBand the server of the manageable web application. The system is aimed, in particular Survey Composer, tofacilitate the generation of interactive applications that use the return channel, allowing the user to focus onthe content and aesthetics of the surveys rather than learning and using NCL. SGAi has been developed as partof research activities carried out in the digital TV area in the National Polytechnic School, considering theISDB-Tb standard, adopted in Ecuador in March 2010. KW - Digital Terrestrial Television KW - DTT KW - ISDB-Tb KW - Ginga-NCL KW - return channel Y1 - 2013 UR - https://revistapolitecnica.epn.edu.ec/ojs2/index.php/revista_politecnica2/article/view/35/pdf VL - 32 IS - 2 SP - 11 EP - 22 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Moreno, José Miguel A1 - Pastrana, Sergio A1 - Reelfs, Jens Helge A1 - Vallina, Pelayo A1 - Panchenko, Andriy A1 - Smaragdakis, Georgios A1 - Hohlfeld, Oliver A1 - Vallina-Rodriguez, Narseo A1 - Tapiador, Juan T1 - Reviewing War: Unconventional User Reviews as a Side Channel to Circumvent Information Controls N2 - During the first days of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, Russia’s media regulator blocked access to many global social media platforms and news sites, including Twitter, Facebook, and the BBC. To bypass the information controls set by Russian authorities, pro-Ukrainian groups explored unconventional ways to reach out to the Russian population, such as posting war-related content in the user reviews of Russian business available on Google Maps or Tripadvisor. This paper provides a first analysis of this new phenomenon by analyzing the creative strategies to avoid state censorship. Specifically, we analyze reviews posted on these platforms from the beginning of the conflict to September 2022. We measure the channeling of war messages through user reviews in Tripadvisor and Google Maps, as well as in VK, a popular Russian social network. Our analysis of the content posted on these services reveals that users leveraged these platforms to seek and exchange humanitarian and travel advice, but also to disseminate disinformation and polarized messages. Finally, we analyze the response of platforms in terms of content moderation and their impact. KW - Side Channels KW - Disinformation KW - Propaganda KW - User-Generated Content KW - Russia KW - Ukraine KW - Tripadvisor KW - Google Maps KW - VKontakte Y1 - 2023 UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2302.00598 U6 - https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2302.00598 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Suntje A1 - Brinks, Verena A1 - Ibert, Oliver T1 - Placing Career Resilience: Collaborative Workspaces as Situated Resources for Adaptation and Adaptability T2 - Progress in Economic Geography N2 - Processes of creation and innovation become increasingly mobile and temporarily make use of collaborative (work)spaces for paid and unpaid work, tinkering, social experimentation, collaboration, and entrepreneurship. Diverse forms of collaborative workspaces (CWSs) proliferated in many cities worldwide in the past 15 years and manifested in a diversity of forms, such as e.g. fablabs, maker-, hacker-, or coworking spaces. Despite the diversity, these spaces share three distinctive features: openness for a diversified set of users, aspiration to promote creative processes, and potential to allow for societal experimentation. So far, empirical research either highlights their functions in safeguarding the deficiencies related to new work regimes or the affordances for fostering collaborative creativity and innovation. We propose career resilience as a concept to integrate both perspectives. We investigate CWSs as locally situated contexts enabling users to combine stabilising and transformative resources to advance their careers. The paper draws on more than 100 qualitative interviews with operators, managers, and users of CWSs in the metropolitan regions Amsterdam, Berlin, and Detroit. We inductively develop five different types of practices that address fundamental career related uncertainties to individual and collective measures to create career resilience. In CWSs, users seek company, focus, assets, guidance, and meaning. CWSs are thus spatial and organisational settings that complement multisited, mobile work practices and that illustrate the importance of permanent organisational and material places in increasingly volatile working environments. KW - Collaborative workspace KW - Career resilience KW - Coworking KW - Work KW - Place Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.peg.2023.100004 SN - 2949-6942 VL - 2 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Buscemi, Alessio A1 - Turcanu, Ion A1 - Castignani, German A1 - Panchenko, Andriy A1 - Engel, Thomas A1 - Shin, Kang G. T1 - A Survey on Controller Area Network Reverse Engineering T2 - IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials N2 - Controller Area Network (CAN) is a masterless serial bus designed and widely used for the exchange of mission and time-critical information within commercial vehicles. In-vehicle communication is based on messages sent and received by Electronic Control Units (ECUs) connected to this serial bus network. Although unencrypted, CAN messages are not easy to interpret. In fact, Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) attempt to achieve security through obscurity by encoding the data in their proprietary format, which is kept secret from the general public. As a result, the only way to obtain clear data is to reverse engineer CAN messages. Driven by the need for in-vehicle message interpretation, which is highly valuable in the automotive industry, researchers and companies have been working to make this process automated, fast, and standardized. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive review of the state of the art and summarize the major advances in CAN bus reverse engineering. We are the first to provide a taxonomy of CAN tokenization and translation techniques. Based on the reviewed literature, we highlight an important issue: the lack of a public and standardized dataset for the quantitative evaluation of translation algorithms. In response, we define a complete set of requirements for standardizing the data collection process. We also investigate the risks associated with the automation of CAN reverse engineering, in particular with respect to the security network and the safety and privacy of drivers and passengers. Finally, we discuss future research directions in CAN reverse engineering. KW - Can bus KW - reverse engineering KW - security KW - connected Vechiles Y1 - 2023 UR - https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/10092880 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/COMST.2023.3264928 SN - 1553-877X VL - 25 IS - 3,3 SP - 1445 EP - 1481 PB - IEEE ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kotlarski, Georgi A1 - Ormanova, Maria A1 - Nikitin, Alexander A1 - Morozova, Iuliia A1 - Ossenbrink, Ralf A1 - Michailov, Vesselin A1 - Doynov, Nikolay A1 - Valkov, Stefan T1 - Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of CAP-WAAM Single-Track Al5356 Specimens of Differing Scale T2 - Materials N2 - The mass production of metallic components requires high agility in the working process conditioned by the necessity of building details of different shapes and sizes. Changing the size of the components theoretically influences the thermal dissipation capability of the same, which could lead to a change in their structure and mechanical properties. This is particularly important when aluminum alloys are concerned. For this reason, two Al5356 single-track specimens were built using the same technological conditions of layer deposition by varying only their geometrical size. In all cases, the specimens were wire and arc additively manufactured (WAAM) using a process based on gas metal arc welding (GMAW) in the cold arc pulse mode (CAP). The structure of both specimens was studied and defects along their surfaces were detected in the form of micro-pores and micro-cracks. A high concentration of undissolved Mg particles was also detected, along with some standalone Si particles. Uniformity in the build-up process was achieved, which led to the formation of nearly identical structures in the specimens. Subsequently, the resultant mechanical properties were also highly comparable. This indicates that the geometry-related variation in thermal conditions has an insignificant influence on the component’s structure and properties. KW - microstructure KW - WAAM KW - cold arc pulse (CAP) KW - AlMg5Cr KW - Al5356 KW - single-track KW - mechanical properties Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/machines12010072 SN - 2075-1702 VL - 12 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Boetzl, Fabian A1 - Sponsler, Douglas A1 - Albrecht, Matthias A1 - Batáry, Péter A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Knapp, Michal A1 - Krauss, Jochen A1 - Maas, Bea A1 - Martin, Emily A. A1 - Sirami, Clélia A1 - Sutter, Louis A1 - Bertrand, Colette A1 - Baillod, Aliette A1 - Bota, Gerard A1 - Bretagnolle, Vincent A1 - Brotons, Lluís A1 - Frank, Thomas A1 - Fusser, Moritz A1 - Giralt, David A1 - González, Ezequiel A1 - Hof, Anouschka A1 - Luka, Henryk A1 - Marrec, Ronan A1 - Nash, Michael A1 - Ng, Katherina A1 - Plantegenest, Manuel A1 - Poulin, Brigitte A1 - Siriwardena, Gavin A1 - Zubair-Anjum, Muhammad A1 - Entling, Martin A1 - Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf A1 - Schirmel, Jens T1 - Distance functions of carabids in crop fields depend on functional traits, crop type and adjacent habitat: a synthesis T2 - Proceedings Royal Society. Series B, Biological sciences Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2023.2383 SN - 1471-2954 VL - Vol. 291 SP - 1 EP - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Bird, Tharina A1 - Alfeus, Martha A1 - Arvidsson, Fredrik A1 - Buxton, Mmabaledi A1 - Djoudi, El Aziz A1 - Fabiano, Ezequiel Chimbioputo A1 - Kasinda, Eva A1 - Machekano, Honest A1 - Mpofu, Precious A1 - Nghipunya, Esther N. A1 - Segaiso, Bame Alice A1 - Nyamukondiwa, Casper T1 - Smallholder agriculture in African dryland agroecosystems has limited impact on trophic group composition, but affects arthropod provision of ecosystem services T2 - Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment N2 - Agricultural intensification is a major driver of biodiversity loss, but the majority of studies highlighting these threats come from industrialised agriculture in temperate countries of the global North. However, more than 30% of global food production is produced by smallholder farmers, particularly in Africa. We know very little about the impact of these farming practices on arthropod communities and associated ecosystems in dryland agroecosystems. We investigated the trophic group composition of arthropod communities (detritivorous, herbivorous, predatory & mixed feeders) and levels of associated ecosystem functions in replicated maize fields, paired adjacent natural bushveld habitats and the edge habitats between them in north-eastern Namibia and central-eastern Botswana during the dry and wet seasons. Predator activity densities differed significantly between habitats depending on the season, with higher numbers in natural habitats in the wet season but lower numbers in the dry season compared to maize fields. In general, edge habitats had higher numbers of predators than the other habitats. Predator attack rates on artificial caterpillars in both seasons and dung removal in the wet season were higher in habitats with natural vegetation (natural and edge). However, dung removal in the dry season and herbivory in the wet season were highest in the maize fields, the latter due to high level of fall armyworm infestation. Wet season multifunctionality was higher in natural habitats in Botswana, and to a lesser extent in Namibia, than in maize fields. Smallholder agriculture is not detrimental to decomposers, herbivores and mixed feeders compared to adjacent natural habitats, but may be detrimental to the provision of some ecosystem services. These results highlight the challenge of sustainably managing dryland agricultural land that is marginal for crop production, while providing smallholders with an optimal environment to benefit from the ecosystem services associated with arthropod communities. New conservation agriculture practices need to support the production of higher and more stable yields over time, while maintaining the limited impact of smallholder agriculture on biotic communities. KW - Artificial caterpillars; Biological control; Dung removal; Herbivory; Multifunctionality; Seed predation Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167880923005194 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2023.108860 SN - 0167-8809 VL - 363 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Riedel, Ramona A1 - Commichau, Fabian M. A1 - Benndorf, Dirk A1 - Hertel, Robert A1 - Holzer, Katharina A1 - Mardoukhi, Mohammad Saba Yousef A1 - Noack, Laura A1 - Martienssen, Marion T1 - Biodegradation of selected aminophosphonates by the bacterial isolate Ochrobactrum sp. BTU1 T2 - Microbial Research N2 - Aminophosphonates, like glyphosate (GS) or metal chelators such as ethylenediaminetetra(methylenephosphonic acid) (EDTMP), are released on a large scale worldwide. Here, we have characterized a bacterial strain capable of degrading synthetic aminophosphonates. The strain was isolated from LC/MS standard solution. Genome sequencing indicated that the strain belongs to the genus Ochrobactrum. Whole-genome classification using pyANI software to compute a pairwise ANI and other metrics between Brucella assemblies and Ochrobactrum contigs revealed that the bacterial strain is designated as Ochrobactrum sp. BTU1. Degradation batch tests with Ochrobactrum sp. BTU1 and the selected aminophosphonates GS, EDTMP, aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), iminodi(methylene-phosphonic) (IDMP) and ethylaminobis(methylenephosphonic) acid (EABMP) showed that the strain can use all phosphonates as sole phosphorus source during phosphorus starvation. The highest growth rate was achieved with AMPA, while EDTMP and GS were least supportive for growth. Proteome analysis revealed that GS degradation is promoted by C-P lyase via the sarcosine pathway, i.e., initial cleavage at the C-P bond. We also identified C-P lyase to be responsible for degradation of EDTMP, EABMP, IDMP and AMPA. However, the identification of the metabolite ethylenediaminetri(methylenephosphonic acid) via LC/MS analysis in the test medium during EDTMP degradation indicates a different initial cleavage step as compared to GS. For EDTMP, it is evident that the initial cleavage occurs at the C-N bond. The detection of different key enzymes at regulated levels, form the bacterial proteoms during EDTMP exposure, further supports this finding. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micres.2024.127600 SN - 0944-5013 VL - 280 SP - 1 EP - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Emdadi, Aliakbar A1 - Yang, Yitong A1 - Bolz, Sebastian A1 - Stryzhyboroda, Oleg A1 - Tovar, Michael A1 - Gein, Sergej A1 - Hecht, Ulrike A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Mechanisms of necklace recrystallization in a BCC Fe-Al-Ta alloy with strengthening Laves phase precipitates T2 - Scripta Materialia N2 - A necklace structure composed of fine grains formed by dynamic recrystallization was uncommonly observed at the pre-existing grain boundaries during the hot compression of a BCC Fe-25Al-1.5Ta alloy containing C14 - (Fe, Al)2Ta Laves phase precipitates. Two possible mechanisms for necklace formation were proposed; particle-stimulated nucleation and grain boundary bulging, depending on whether the original grain boundaries are occupied by C14 particles, or they are free of them. Recrystallization was initiated preferentially around the clusters of large particles at the boundaries containing particles. In contrast, the bulging of the original grain boundaries by strain-induced boundary migration was observed as a preliminary stage for necklace formation at the particle-free boundaries. The necklace structure expanded into the deformed volume in such a way that low-angle subgrain boundaries decorating the necklace layers transformed into grains with increasing deformation strain. Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1359646223004281 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2023.115705 SN - 1359-6462 SN - 1872-8456 VL - 237 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lasko, Galina A1 - Yang, Yitong A1 - Weiss, Sabine A1 - Schmauder, Siegfried A1 - Dogahe, Kiarash T1 - FEM Simulations of Fatigue Crack Initiation in the Oligocrystalline Microstructure of Stents T2 - Materials N2 - For over two decades, vascular stents have been widely used to treat clogged vessels,serving as a scaffold to enlarge the narrowed lumen and recover the arterial flow area. High-purityoligocrystalline austenitic steel is usually applied for the production of stents. Despite the popularityand benefit of stenting, it still may cause serious clinical adverse issues, such as in-stent restenosisand stent fracture. Therefore, the study of the mechanical properties of stents and in particularthe prediction of their life cycles are in the focus of materials research. In our contribution, withinthe finite element method, a two-scale model of crack initiation in the microstructure of stents iselaborated. The approach is developed on the basis of the physically based Tanaka–Mura model(TMM), considering the evolution of shear bands during the crack initiation phase. The model allowsfor the analysis of the microstructure with respect to the life cycles of real materials. The effects ofdifferent loading conditions, grain orientation, and thickness of the specimen on Wöhler curves wereanalysed. It was found that the microstructural features of oligocrystals are very sensitive to differentloading conditions with respect to their fatigue behaviour and play a major role in fatigue crackinitiation. Different grain-orientation distributions result in qualitative and quantitative differencesin stress distribution and in the number of cycles for crack initiation. It was found that presence ofa neutral zone in the cut-out of the microstructure under three-point-bending loading conditionschanges the qualitative and quantitative patterns of stress distribution and affects the number ofcycles for crack initiation. It was found that under both tensile and bending loading conditions,thicker specimens require more cycles for crack initiation. The Wöhler curves for crack initiation inoligocrystalline microstructures of stents could be compared with the ones in the experiment, takinginto account that for high cyclic fatigue (HCF), typically, more than 70% of the cycles refer to crackinitiation. The developed numerical tools could be used for the material design of stents KW - SCHM 746/222-1 KW - WE 2671/11-1 Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/17/6003 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16176003 VL - 16 IS - 17 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hussain, G. A1 - Hassan, Malik A1 - Wei, Hongyu A1 - Buhl, Johannes A1 - Xiao, Maohua A1 - Iqbal, Asif A1 - Qayyum, Hamza A1 - Riaz, Asim Ahmed A1 - Muhammad, Riaz A1 - Ostrikov, Kostya T1 - Advances on Incremental forming of composite materials T2 - Alexandria Engineering Journal Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aej.2023.07.045 SN - 1110-0168 VL - Vol. 79 SP - 308 EP - 336 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hart-Rawung, Thawin A1 - Horn, Alexander A1 - Buhl, Johannes A1 - Bambach, Markus A1 - Merklein, Marion T1 - A unified model for isothermal and non-isothermal phase transformation in hot stamping of 22MnB5 steel T2 - Journal of Materials Processing Technology Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2023.117856 SN - 1873-4774 SN - 0924-0136 VL - 313 ER - TY - GEN A1 - De Marchi, Alberto A1 - Jia, Xiaoxi A1 - Kanzow, Christian A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick T1 - Constrained composite optimization and augmented Lagrangian methods T2 - Mathematical Programming Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10107-022-01922-4 SN - 0025-5610 SN - 1436-4646 VL - Vol. 201 IS - 1 SP - 863 EP - 896 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Keller, Hedwig A1 - Bartels, Sören A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Numerical Approximation of Optimal Convex and Rotationally Symmetric Shapes for an Eigenvalue Problem arising in Optimal Insulation T2 - Computers & Mathematics with Applications Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.camwa.2022.05.026 SN - 1873-7668 SN - 0898-1221 VL - 119 SP - 327 EP - 339 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jia, Xiaoxi A1 - Kanzow, Christian A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick T1 - Convergence analysis of the proximal gradient method in the presence of the Kurdyka-Łojasiewicz property without global Lipschitz assumptions T2 - SIAM Journal on Optimization Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1137/23m1548293 SN - 1095-7189 SN - 1052-6234 VL - 33 IS - 4 SP - 3038 EP - 3056 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fabian, Marián A1 - Kruger, Alexander Y. A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick T1 - Fuzzy multiplier, sum and intersection rules in non-Lipschitzian settings: Decoupling approach revisited T2 - Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmaa.2023.127985 SN - 1096-0813 SN - 0022-247X VL - 532 IS - 2 SP - 1 EP - 39 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Aubele, Maria A1 - Grill, Eva A1 - Eggert, Thomas A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Strobl, Ralf A1 - Jahn, Klaus A1 - Müller, Martin A1 - Holle, Rolf A1 - Linkohr, Birgit A1 - Heier, Margit A1 - Ladwig, Karl-Heinz A1 - Lehnen, Nadine T1 - Symptoms in unilatral vestibular hypofunction are associated with number of catch-up saccades and retinal errors: results from the population-based KORA FF4study T2 - Frontiers in Neurology N2 - Objective: The presence and intensity of symptoms vary in patients with unilateral vestibular hypofunction. We aimed to determine which saccadic and vestibulo-ocular reflex parameters best predict the presence of symptoms in unilateral vestibular hypofunction in order to better understand vestibular compensation and its implications for rehabilitation therapy. Methods: Video head impulse test data were analyzed from a subpopulation of 23 symptomatic and 10 currently symptom-free participants with unilateral vestibular hypofunction, embedded in the KORA (Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg) FF4 study, the second follow-up of the KORA S4 population-based health survey (2,279 participants). Results: A higher number of catch-up saccades, a higher percentage of covert saccades, and a larger retinal error at 200 ms after the onset of the head impulse were associated with relevant symptoms in participants with unilateral vestibular hypofunction (p = 0.028, p = 0.046, and p = 0.038, respectively). After stepwise selection, the number of catch-up saccades and retinal error at 200 ms remained in the final logistic regression model, which was significantly better than a null model (p = 0.014). Age, gender, saccade amplitude, saccade latency, and VOR gain were not predictive of the presence of symptoms. Conclusion: The accuracy of saccadic compensation seems to be crucial for the presence of symptoms in unilateral vestibular hypofunction, highlighting the role of specific gaze stabilization exercises in rehabilitation. Early saccades, mainly triggered by the vestibular system, do not seem to compensate accurately enough, resulting in a relevant retinal error and the need for more as well as more accurate catch-up saccades, probably triggered by the visual system. KW - video head impulse test, vHIT, catch-up saccades, unilateral vestibular hypofunction, retinal error, vestibulo-ocular reflex, VOR, population-based survey Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10715252/ SN - 1664-2295 VL - 2023 IS - 14 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Michailidou, Efterpi A1 - Korda, Athanasia A1 - Wyss, Thomas A1 - Bardins, Stanislav A1 - Schneider, Erich A1 - Morrison, Miranda A1 - Wagner, Franca A1 - Caversaccio, Marco Domenico A1 - Mantokoudis, Georgios T1 - The value of saccade metrics and VOR gain in detecting a vestibular stroke T2 - Journal of Vestibular Research N2 - Objective: A normal video Head Impulse Test is the gold standard in the emergency department to rule-in patients with an acute vestibular syndrome and a stroke. We aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy of vHIT metrics regarding the vestibulo-ocular reflex gain and the corrective saccades in detecting vestibular strokes. Methods: Prospective cross-sectional study (convenience sample) of patients presenting with acute vestibular syndrome in the emergency department of a tertiary referral centre between February 2015 and May 2020. We screened 1677 patients and enrolled 76 patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria of acute vestibular syndrome. All patients underwent video head impulse test with automated and manual data analysis. A delayed MRI served as a gold standard for vestibular stroke confirmation. Results: Out of 76 patients, 52 were diagnosed with acute unilateral vestibulopathy and 24 with vestibular strokes. The overall accuracy of detecting stroke with an automated vestibulo-ocular reflex gain was 86.8%, compared to 77.6% for cumulative saccade amplitude and automatic saccade mean peak velocity measured by an expert and 71% for cumulative saccade amplitude and saccade mean peak velocity measured automatically. Gain misclassified 13.1% of the patients as false positive or false negative, manual cumulative saccade amplitude and saccade mean peak velocity 22.3%, and automated cumulative saccade amplitude and saccade mean peak velocity 28.9% respectively. Conclusions: We found a better accuracy of video head impulse test for the diagnosis of vestibular strokes when using the vestibulo-ocular reflex gain than using saccade metrics. Nevertheless, saccades provide an additional and important information for video head impulse test evaluation. The automated saccade detection algorithm is not yet perfect compared to expert analysis, but it may become a valuable tool for future non-expert video head impulse test evaluations. KW - Head impulse test saccades KW - vestibular stroke KW - saccades Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/VES-230083 SN - 1878-6464 VL - 34 IS - 1 SP - 49 EP - 61 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mitseva, Asya A1 - Alexandrova, Marharyta A1 - Panchenko, Andriy T1 - Security and Performance Implications of BGP Rerouting-resistant Guard Selection Algorithms for Tor T2 - Computers and Security N2 - Tor is the most popular anonymization network with millions of daily users. This makes it an attractive target for attacks, e.g., by malicious autonomous systems (ASs) performing active routing attacks to become man in the middle and deanonymize users. It was shown that the number of such malicious ASs is significantly larger than previously expected due to the lack of security guarantees in the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP). In response, recent works suggest alternative Tor path selection methods preferring Tor nodes with higher resilience to active BGP attacks. In this work, we analyze the implications of such proposals and demonstrate that two state-of-the-art path selection methods, namely Counter-RAPTOR and DPSelect, are not as secure as thought before. First, we show that DPSelect achieves only one third of its originally claimed resilience and, thus, is not as resilient as widely accepted. Second, we reveal that the resilience to active BGP attacks on the way back, i.e., from the first anonymization node to a given Tor user, provided by both methods is significantly lower than on the forward path. Beside their lower resilience in specific cases, we show that for particular users the usage of Counter-RAPTOR and DPSelect also leads to leakage of user’s location. Furthermore, we uncover the performance implications of both methods and identify scenarios where their usage leads to significant performance bottlenecks. Finally, we propose a new metric to quantify the user’s location leakage by path selection. Using this metric and performing large-scale analysis, we show to which extent a malicious Tor middle node can fingerprint the user’s location and the confidence it can achieve. Our findings shed light on the implications of path selection methods on the users’ anonymity and the need for further research. KW - BGP routing attacks KW - Tor KW - Onion routing KW - Privacy KW - Traffic analysis Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cose.2023.103374 SN - 1872-6208 SN - 0167-4048 VL - 132 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Non-existence of perturbed solutions under a second-order sufficient condition T2 - Examples and Counterexamples Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exco.2023.100122 SN - 2666-657X VL - 4 SP - 1 EP - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Marko, Jonas A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Integer optimal control problems with total variation regularization: Optimality conditions and fast solution of subproblems T2 - ESAIM: Control, Optimisation and Calculus of Variations Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1051/cocv/2023065 VL - 29 SP - 1 EP - 30 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wachsmuth, Daniel A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - A simple proof of the Baillon-Haddad theorem on open subsets of Hilbert spaces T2 - Journal of Convex Analysis Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.heldermann.de/JCA/JCA30/JCA304/jca30059.htm VL - 30 IS - 4 SP - 1319 EP - 1328 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Benko, Matúš A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick T1 - Why second-order sufficient conditions are, in a way, easy - or - revisiting calculus for second subderivatives T2 - Journal of Convex Analysis Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.heldermann.de/JCA/JCA30/JCA302/jca30031.htm VL - 30 IS - 2 SP - 541 EP - 589 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick T1 - A simple proof of second-order sufficient optimality conditions in nonlinear semidefinite optimization T2 - Optimization Letters Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11590-023-02031-7 SN - 1862-4480 SN - 1862-4472 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Christof, Constantin A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Semismoothness for Solution Operators of Obstacle-Type Variational Inequalities with Applications in Optimal Control T2 - SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1137/21m1467365 SN - 1095-7138 SN - 0887-4603 VL - 61 IS - 3 SP - 1162 EP - 1186 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Friedemann, Markus A1 - Harder, Felix A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Finding global solutions of some inverse optimal control problems using penalization and semismooth Newton methods T2 - Journal of Global Optimization Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10898-023-01288-7 SN - 1573-2916 SN - 0925-5001 VL - 86 IS - 4 SP - 1025 EP - 1061 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ribbeck-Lampel, Juliane A1 - Weidner, Silke T1 - Von Leitfunktionen, Nutzungsmischung, Krisen und Chancen. Neuartigkeit von Problemstellungen, Zielformulierungen und Lösungsansätzen für die Innenstadtentwicklung T2 - Standort : Zeitschrift für Angewandte Geographie Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00548-023-00887-6 SN - 1432-220X SP - 1 EP - 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Göhring, Tobias A1 - Schötz, Enrico T1 - Planungsstufe im Innovationsmanagement T2 - Controlling : Zeitschrift für erfolgsorientierte Unternehmenssteuerung N2 - Welche Faktoren sind bestimmend für die Gestaltung der Innovationsplanung? Und wie lassen sich diese bei der Wahl einer geeigneten Softwarelösung objektiv und replizierbar abbilden? Dieser Beitrag beschreibt ein einfaches, aber fundiertes Vorgehen, das eine rationale Auswahl ermöglicht und dessen unternehmensinterner Gebrauch das Durchdringen zu den Entscheidungsträgern erleichtern soll. KW - Innovationscontrolling KW - Multiattributive Nutzentheorie KW - Projektmanagement Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.15358/0935-0381-2023-6-75 SN - 0935-0381 VL - 35 IS - 6 SP - 75 EP - 77 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Scheffler, Robert T1 - Semi-proper interval graphs T2 - Discrete Applied Mathematics Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dam.2024.08.016 SN - 0166-218X VL - 360 SP - 22 EP - 41 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schütz, Raphael A1 - Bilz, Ludwig T1 - Increasing loneliness among German children and adolescents from 2018 to 2022: a cross-sectional survey before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic T2 - Journal of Public Health N2 - Aim. Loneliness is an increasingly present topic in scientific and public discourse, and has gained relevance due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Nevertheless, there is a lack of representative studies examining the prevalence of loneliness among children and adolescents before and after the pandemic. Accordingly, the present study aimed to determine the prevalence of loneliness among 11- to 15-year-old students before (2018) and after (2022) the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and to investigate subgroup differences. Subject and methods. In this cross-sectional Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study, the prevalence of loneliness was compared in two representative samples from the German federal state of Brandenburg from 2018 and 2022. In 2018, data were collected from 3,057 (51.8% girls, Mage = 13.1, SD = 1.7) and, in 2022, from 3,801 (52.6% girls, Mage = 13.5, SD = 1.6) students in general education schools. Loneliness was assessed using a single item from the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Chi-square test and logistic regressions were performed. Results. In total, 11.8% of the students reported being lonely in 2018, and 19.3% reported being lonely in 2022. Loneliness was more prevalent among girls, nonbinary, older adolescents, and students with lower family affluence. The increase in loneliness did not differ depending on age, gender, or family affluence. Conclusion. The findings highlight that loneliness among children and adolescents is a widespread phenomenon that has increased significantly from 2018 to 2022. There is a need for prevention measures and further research into health-related associations of loneliness. KW - Loneliness KW - Children KW - Adolescents KW - COVID-19 KW - HBSC Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-024-02356-2 SN - 2198-1833 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Efremenko, Yulia A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Chemosensitive properties of electrochemically synthesized poly-3-thienylboronic acid: conductometric detection of glucose and other diol-containing compounds under electrical affinity control T2 - Polymers N2 - Due to the presence of the boronic acid moieties, poly-3-thienylboronic acid has an affinity for saccharides and other diol-containing compounds. Thin films of this novel chemosensitive polymer were synthesized electrochemically on the gold surface. The adhesion of the polymer was enhanced by the deposition of a monomolecular layer of thiophenol. The technology was used to fabricate conductometric sensors for glucose and other diol-containing compounds. Simultaneous two- and four-electrode conductivity measurements were performed. The chemical sensitivity to sorbitol, fructose, glucose, and ethylene glycol was studied at different pH and electrode potentials, and the corresponding binding constants were obtained. Depending on the electrode potential, the reciprocal values of the binding constants of glucose to poly-3-thienylboronic acid at neutral pH are in the range of 0.2 mM–1.0 mM. The affinity for glucose has been studied in buffer solutions and in solutions containing the major components of human blood. It was shown that the presence of human serum albumin increases the affinity of poly-3-thienylboronic acid for diol-containing compounds. KW - glucose sensor KW - saccharide sensor KW - chemosensitive polymer KW - poly-3-thienylboronic acid KW - conductometric sensor KW - glucose biosensor Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16131938 SN - 2073-4360 VL - 16 IS - 13 PB - MDPI AG ER - TY - GEN A1 - Snopok, Borys A. A1 - Nizamov, Shavkat A1 - Snopok, Tetiana V. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Agglomeration compaction promotes corrosion of gold nanoparticles T2 - Nanoscale Advances N2 - Engineered nanoparticles are increasingly being used in various areas of human activity. However, the degradation mechanism of nanobodies in harsh environments is still a puzzle for theory and experiment. We report here the results of optical spectroscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis, quantifying agglomeration and sizing of 50 nm citrate stabilized gold nanoparticles (GNPs) in HCl solutions containing H2O2. The mechanism of a consecutive corrosion reaction of GNPs is discussed within the framework of the near-field approach. We found that the disappearance of single nanoparticles from a suspension does not occur due to their dissolution per se, but is a consequence of the formation of aggregates. The neutralization of electrostatic shielding at high ionic strength allows gold nanoparticles to approach the subnanometer distance within the region of capping defects, at which the Casimir and van der Waals attractive forces dominate. It is suggested that electric field fluctuations in the confined space between highly conductive gold nanoparticles cause complexant-stimulated loss of metal from the core in the contact area. Going beyond the charge screening limitations by constraining the reaction space and reducing the double electrical layer thickness allows for chemical processes flow along otherwise not accessible reaction pathways. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/D4NA00109E SN - 2516-0230 VL - 6 IS - 15 SP - 3865 EP - 3877 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herglotz, Christian A1 - Och, Hannah A1 - Meyer, Anna A1 - Ramasubbu, Geetha A1 - Eichermüller, Lena A1 - Kränzler, Matthias A1 - Brand, Fabian A1 - Fischer, Kristian A1 - Nguyen, Dat Thanh A1 - Regensky, Andy A1 - Kaup, André T1 - The Bjøntegaard Bible Why Your Way of Comparing Video Codecs May Be Wrong T2 - IEEE Transactions on Image Processing N2 - In this paper, we provide an in-depth assessment on the Bjøntegaard Delta. We construct a large data set of video compression performance comparisons using a diverse set of metrics including PSNR, VMAF, bitrate, and processing energies. These metrics are evaluated for visual data types such as classic perspective video, 360° video, point clouds, and screen content. As compression technology, we consider multiple hybrid video codecs as well as state-of-the-art neural network based compression methods. Using additional supporting points in-between standard points defined by parameters such as the quantization parameter, we assess the interpolation error of the Bjøntegaard-Delta (BD) calculus and its impact on the final BD value. From the analysis, we find that the BD calculus is most accurate in the standard application of rate-distortion comparisons with mean errors below 0.5 percentage points. For other applications and special cases, e.g., VMAF quality, energy considerations, or inter-codec comparisons, the errors are higher (up to 5 percentage points), but can be halved by using a higher number of supporting points. We finally come up with recommendations on how to use the BD calculus such that the validity of the resulting BD-values is maximized. Main recommendations are as follows: First, relative curve differences should be plotted and analyzed. Second, the logarithmic domain should be used for saturating metrics such as SSIM and VMAF. Third, BD values below a certain threshold indicated by the subset error should not be used to draw recommendations. Fourth, using two supporting points is sufficient to obtain rough performance estimates. KW - Measurement KW - Calculus KW - Codecs KW - Interpolation KW - Image coding KW - Distortion KW - Visualization Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TIP.2023.3346695 SN - 1057-7149 SN - 1941-0042 IS - Volume 33 SP - 987 EP - 1001 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Khan Mohammadi, Mohsen A1 - Schneidereit, Toni A1 - Mansouri Yarahmadi, Ashkan A1 - Breuß, Michael T1 - Investigating Training Datasets of Real and Synthetic Images for Outdoor Swimmer Localisation with YOLO T2 - AI N2 - In this study, we developed and explored a methodical image augmentation technique for swimmer localisation in northern German outdoor lake environments. When it comes to enhancing swimmer safety, a main issue we have to deal with is the lack of real-world training data of such outdoor environments. Natural lighting changes, dynamic water textures, and barely visible swimming persons are key issues to address. We account for these difficulties by adopting an effective background removal technique with available training data. This allows us to edit swimmers into natural environment backgrounds for use in subsequent image augmentation. We created 17 training datasets with real images, synthetic images, and a mixture of both to investigate different aspects and characteristics of the proposed approach. The datasets were used to train YOLO architectures for possible future applications in real-time detection. The trained frameworks were then tested and evaluated on outdoor environment imagery acquired using a safety drone to investigate and confirm their usefulness for outdoor swimmer localisation. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ai5020030 SN - 2673-2688 VL - 5 IS - 2 SP - 576 EP - 593 PB - MDPI AG CY - Basel ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herglotz, Christian A1 - Kränzler, Matthias A1 - Chu, Xixue A1 - François, Edouard A1 - He, Yong A1 - Kaup, André T1 - Extended Signaling Methods for Reduced Video Decoder Power Consumption Using Green Metadata T2 - IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs N2 - In this brief, we discuss one aspect of the latest MPEG standard edition on energy-efficient media consumption, also known as Green Metadata (ISO/IEC 232001-11), which is the interactive signaling for remote decoder-power reduction for peer-to-peer video conferencing. In this scenario, the receiver of a video, e.g., a battery-driven portable device, can send a dedicated request to the sender which asks for a video bitstream representation that is less complex to decode and process. Consequently, the receiver saves energy and extends operating times. We provide an overview on latest studies from the literature dealing with energy-saving aspects, which motivate the extension of the legacy Green Metadata standard. Furthermore, we explain the newly introduced syntax elements and verify their effectiveness by performing dedicated experiments. We show that the integration of these syntax elements can lead to dynamic energy savings of up to 90% for software video decoding and 80% for hardware video decoding, respectively. KW - Decoding KW - Streaming media KW - Syntactics KW - Metadata KW - Standards KW - Receivers KW - Software Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSII.2023.3328405 SN - 1549-7747 SN - 1558-3791 VL - Volume 71 IS - Issue 3 SP - 1141 EP - 1145 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rückert, Rainer A1 - Ullmann, Ingrid A1 - Herglotz, Christian A1 - Kaup, André A1 - Vossiek, Martin T1 - Data Compression for Close-Range Radar Imaging T2 - IEEE Transactions on Radar Systems N2 - The resolution of radar images is constantly increasing. As a result, radar images require more storage space, which is associated with increased costs. Therefore, it is advantageous to minimize the data size. In this paper, we present various compression methods for reducing the data size of radar images. Compression and decompression are performed in two scenarios. In the first scenario, the raw data are compressed and decompressed before the image is reconstructed. In the second scenario, the reconstructed image itself is compressed and decompressed. In both scenarios, the reconstructed radar image is compared with the original image. Due to its widespread use, High-Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) is used as a state-of-the-art benchmark for both scenarios and compared with proprietary algorithms that combine lossy and lossless compression. A discrete Fourier transform–based compression algorithm from the automotive sector is used as another state-of-the-art benchmark. This is applied against our novel approaches, which are based on the discrete cosine transform, use of direct thresholding in the spatial domain, or are applied to the maximum intensity projection. With the exception of HEVC, all algorithms presented have in common that they perform lossy data processing in the first step and then use the Lempel–Ziv–Markov algorithm as a lossless compression step. To compare the compression ratios, we use various image- and video-specific metrics, such as the peak signal–to-noise ratio (PSNR), the similarity of speeded-up robust features, and the structural similarity index measure (SSIM). For a simple classification, we use Otsu’s method to examine the effects of compression on the images. The radar images are categorized into transparent and nontransparent based on the measurement objects. Depending on the application and the desired resolution, our approaches can achieve storage savings of up to 99.93 % compared to the uncompressed data with PSNR and SSIM values of 38.8 dB and 0.916, respectively. KW - Radar imaging KW - Radar KW - Image coding KW - Antenna measurements KW - Radar measurements KW - Image resolution KW - Data compression Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TRS.2024.3387288 SN - 2832-7357 SP - 421 EP - 433 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hajhariri, Aliasghar A1 - Eberwein, Robert A1 - Camplese, Davide A1 - Scarponi, Giordano Emrys A1 - Cozzani, Valerio A1 - Otremba, Frank A1 - Seidlitz, Holger T1 - Non-Combustible MLI Based Insulation Behavior Under Fire Condition - Experimental and Numerical Investigation T2 - Process Safety and Environmental Protection N2 - The number of applications that demand zero-emission energy carriers, such as liquified hydrogen (LH2), is increasing worldwide. LH2 is typically transported or stored under cryogenic conditions. Storage in such conditions requires super thermal insulations which maintain very low boil-off for a prolonged time. Multi-Layer insulation (MLI) finds widespread use in cryogenic applications, designed to effectively restrict heat inleak towards cryogenic fluids. However, recent studies evidenced that exposure to high heat fluxes, such as in the event of a fire accident, can cause the thermal degradation of the insulation material, resulting in the severe collapse of its heat resistance performance. Therefore, the risk of rapid tank pressurization and its connection to the risk of BLEVE may be possible. This study proposes a numerical model to assess the performances of aluminum-based MLI materials under fire conditions. The model offers insights into the total heat transfer rate through the insulation, serving as an indicator of the deterioration's impact on overall heat transfer. The proposed numerical model is validated against experimental data obtained by a High-Temperature Thermal Vacuum Chamber test facility that reproduces fire exposure conditions. The experiments conducted in this study underscore the emergence of pressure build-up within the insulation system, which contributes to increased gas conduction. Furthermore, it demonstrates that the spacer material is not entirely damaged under simulated fire conditions. The numerical calculation also underscores the significance of the modifications in material surface emissivity due to the deterioration process. The innovative approach proposed in this study thus paves the way for the development of improved tools aiming at the stationary and mobile cryogenic tanks behavior (e.g., LNG, LOX, LN2, and LH2) in fire accident scenarios. The model developed may, in perspective, be integrated into both CFD and lumped models for the calculation of the time to failure of cryogenic equipment under external fires. Therefore, this study offers valuable insights to improve the safety of processes and equipment for the storage of cryogenic fluids, thereby supporting emergency response planning in case of fire accidents. KW - Multi-Layer Insulation (MLI) KW - Cryogenic Vessels KW - Liquefied Hydrogen Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2024.11.037 SN - 0957-5820 VL - 193 SP - 403 EP - 420 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Köhler, Alexander A1 - Kahra, Marvin A1 - Breuß, Michael T1 - A First Approach to Quantum Logical Shape Classification Framework T2 - Mathematics N2 - Quantum logic is a well-structured theory, which has recently received some attention because of its fundamental relation to quantum computing. However, the complex foundation of quantum logic borrowing concepts from different branches of mathematics as well as its peculiar settings have made it a non-trivial task to devise suitable applications. This article aims to propose for the first time an approach using quantum logic in image processing for shape classification. We show how to make use of the principal component analysis to realize quantum logical propositions. In this way, we are able to assign a concrete meaning to the rather abstract quantum logical concepts, and we are able to compute a probability measure from the principal components. For shape classification, we consider encrypting given point clouds of different objects by making use of specific distance histograms. This enables us to initiate the principal component analysis. Through experiments, we explore the possibility of distinguishing between different geometrical objects and discuss the results in terms of quantum logical interpretation. KW - quantum logic KW - principal component analysis KW - shape classification KW - Hilbert spaces KW - eigenvectors Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/math12111646 SN - 2227-7390 VL - 12 IS - 11 PB - MDPI AG CY - Basel ER - TY - GEN A1 - Okoye-Chine, Chike George A1 - Mbuya, Christel-Olivier Lenge A1 - Shiba, Nothando Cynthia A1 - Otun, Kabir Opeyemi T1 - Effective catalysts for hydrogenation of CO2 into lower olefins: a review T2 - Carbon Capture Science & Technology N2 - Utilizing CO2 as a carbon source to produce high-value compounds, such as light olefins, is one of the most promising approaches to mitigate CO2 emissions. Efficient catalysts are critical for optimizing selectivity and yield of light olefins, which is necessary to make the CO2-to-light olefin process economically viable. Therefore, this review focused on various Fe-based catalysts and multifunctional catalysts containing zeolite used for producing short-chain olefins via CO2 hydrogenation. There are currently two main strategies to hydrogenate CO2 into light olefins in a single step: the CO2−FTS route and the MeOH-mediated route. The primary objective of the CO2-FT approach is to selectively produce the necessary C2–C4 olefins, with a focus on the coordination of active metals, promoters, and supports to adjust the surface H/C ratio, which is crucial for the formation of C2–C4 olefins. However, obtaining a high productivity of C2–C4 olefins from CO2 hydrogenation requires a significant improvement in activity with inhibiting secondary reactions. Currently, tandem catalysts containing SAPO-34 are currently favoured for the higher production of short-chain olefins from the hydrogenation of CO2, owing to their high oxygen vacancies, zeolite topology, and zeolite acidity. Specifically, In2O3-based formulations are sufficiently promising to get past the drawbacks of traditional iron catalysts. Tandem catalysts with metal oxide In2O3/ZrO2 and SAPO-34 components demonstrated promising results in reducing CO product poisoning. This article describes the latest progress, challenges, and prospects for research concerning CO2 hydrogenation into short-chain olefins using iron-based catalysts and alternative catalysts with multifunctional properties. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccst.2024.100251 VL - 13 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - GEN A1 - Henk, Martin A1 - Schymura, Matthias A1 - Xue, Fei T1 - Packing minima and lattice points in convex bodies T2 - Moscow Journal of Combinatorics and Number Theory N2 - Motivated by long-standing conjectures on the discretization of classical inequalities in the geometry of numbers, we investigate a new set of parameters, which we call packing minima, associated to a convex body K and a lattice Λ. These numbers interpolate between the successive minima of K and the inverse of the successive minima of the polar body of K and can be understood as packing counterparts to the covering minima of Kannan & Lovász (1988). As our main results, we prove sharp inequalities that relate the volume and the number of lattice points in K to the sequence of packing minima. Moreover, we extend classical transference bounds and discuss a natural class of examples in detail. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2140/moscow.2021.10.25 SN - 2640-7361 VL - 10 IS - 1 SP - 25 EP - 48 PB - Mathematical Sciences Publishers ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cslovjecsek, Jana A1 - Malikiosis, Romanos Diogenes A1 - Naszódi, Márton A1 - Schymura, Matthias T1 - Computing the Covering Radius of a Polytope with an Application to Lonely Runners T2 - Combinatorica N2 - We study the computational problem of determining the covering radius of a rational polytope. This parameter is defined as the minimal dilation factor that is needed for the lattice translates of the correspondingly dilated polytope to cover the whole space. As our main result, we describe a new algorithm for this problem, which is simpler, more efficient and easier to implement than the only prior algorithm of Kannan (1992). Motivated by a variant of the famous Lonely Runner Conjecture, we use its geometric interpretation in terms of covering radii of zonotopes, and apply our algorithm to prove the first open case of three runners with individual starting points. Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00493-020-4633-8 SN - 0209-9683 VL - 42 IS - 4 SP - 463 EP - 490 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berneis, Moritz A1 - Winkler, Herwig T1 - Matching supply chain management challenges with blockchain applications T2 - Supply Chain Management: An International Journal N2 - Purpose This study aims to explore the potential of blockchain technology in the field of supply chain management (SCM). The research is motivated by the emerging significance of blockchain as a disruptive technology that can potentially address a range of challenges faced by SCM professionals globally. Design/methodology/approach In our approach, this paper utilized a knock-out criteria approach to break down 150 identified challenges in SCM to a more manageable number of 12. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was then used to prioritize these challenges in order of their relative importance and suitability for resolution through blockchain. Findings The analysis identified key challenges to be addressed by blockchain technology in SCM. Most notably, it highlighted concerns related to price stability and global financial flows, which closely intertwine. Another significant group of issues pertains to tracking, tracing and the demonstration of sustainability, thus suggesting a substantial potential for bl Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1108/SCM-12-2023-0615 SN - 1359-8546 VL - 29 IS - 6 SP - 1063 EP - 1077 PB - Emerald ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yazdani, Hossein A1 - Beleniotis, Petros A1 - Brunner, Frank A1 - Ostermay, Ina A1 - Würfl, Joachim A1 - Rudolph, Matthias A1 - Heinrich, Wolfgang A1 - Hilt, Oliver T1 - K/Ka-Band-GaN-High-Electron-Mobility Transistors Technology with 700 mS mm-1 Extrinsic Transconductance T2 - Physica Status Solidi Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.202400592 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kästner, Karl A1 - Vijsel, Roeland C. van de A1 - Caviedes-Voullième, Daniel A1 - Frechen, Nanu T. A1 - Hinz, Christoph T1 - Unravelling the spatial structure of regular dryland vegetation patterns T2 - CATENA N2 - Many resource-limited ecosystems exhibit spatial patterns where patches of biomass alternate with bare ground. Patterns can enhance ecosystem functioning and resilience, depending on their spatial structure. Particularly conspicuous are regular patterns, where patches are of similar size and spaced in similar intervals. The spatial structure of regular patterns is often described to be periodic. This has been corroborated by statistical testing of natural patterns and generation of periodic patterns with deterministic reaction–diffusion models. Yet, natural regular patterns appear conspicuously erratic compared to periodic patterns. So far, this has been attributed to perturbations by noise, varying patch size and spacing. First, we illustrate by means of an example that the spatial structure of regular vegetation patterns cannot be reproduced by perturbing periodic patterns. We then compile a large dataset of regular dryland patterns and find that their spatial structure systematically differs from periodic patterns. We further reveal that previous studies testing for periodicity overlook two aspects which dramatically inflate the number of false positives and result in the misclassification of patterns as periodic. We amend the test procedure by accounting for both aspects, finding that regular natural patterns have no significant periodic components. Lastly, we demonstrate that stochastic processes can generate regular patterns with similar visual appearance, spatial structure and frequency spectra as natural regular patterns. We conclude that new methods are required for quantifying the regularity of spatial patterns beyond a binary classification and to further investigate the difference between natural and model generated patterns. KW - Self-organization KW - Arid vegetation KW - Stochastic processes KW - Turing pattern KW - Spectral analysis Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2024.108442 SN - 0341-8162 VL - 247 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cosma, Alina A1 - Martin, Gina A1 - Looze, Margreet E. de A1 - Walsh, Sophie D. A1 - Paakkari, Leena A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Gobina, Inese A1 - Page, Nicholas A1 - Hulbert, Sabina A1 - Inchley, Jo A1 - Ravens-Sieberer, Ulrike A1 - Gaspar, Tania A1 - Stevens, Gonneke W.J.M. T1 - Cross-national trends in adolescents psychological and somatic complaints before and after the onset of COVID-19 Pandemic T2 - Journal of Adolescent Health N2 - Purpose Building on research suggesting that the COVID-19 pandemic may have led to an exacerbation of deteriorating trends in mental health among adolescents, this paper examined trends in adolescents' psychological and somatic complaints across 35 countries from 2010 to 2022, and tested trends in sociodemographic inequalities in these outcomes between 2018 and 2022. Methods Using data from 792,606 adolescents from 35 countries (51% girls; mean age = 13.5; standard deviation 1.6) across four Health Behaviour in School-aged Children surveys (2010, 2014, 2018, 2022), hierarchical multilevel models estimated cross-national trends in adolescent psychological and somatic complaints. We tested whether observed values in 2022 were in line with predicted values based on 2010–2018 linear trends. Finally, moderation effects of age, family affluence, and family structures on the outcomes were tested (2018–2022). Results Both girls and boys showed substantially higher levels of psychological complaints in 2022 compared with the predicted values. For somatic complaints, higher levels than predicted in 2022 were observed only in girls. Moderation analyses revealed an increase from 2018 to 2022 in age gaps and a narrowing in the socioeconomic gap for both outcomes. Also, there was a widening gap between adolescents living with 2 parents and those living in a single parent household in 2022 compared to 2018. Discussion Cross-national increases in adolescent psychological and somatic complaints were higher than expected in 2022, based on previous trends. Magnitudes of change varied across different sociodemographics groups, with implications for pre-existing mental health inequalities. KW - mental health KW - gender KW - cross-cultural KW - socio-economic inequalities KW - time trends KW - HBSC Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2024.09.028 SN - 1054-139X PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Averkov, Gennadiy A1 - Scheiderer, Claus T1 - Convex hulls of monomial curves, and a sparse positivstellensatz T2 - Mathematical Programming : Series B N2 - Consider the closed convex hull K of a monomial curve given parametrically as $$(t^{m_1},\ldots ,t^{m_n})$$ , with the parameter t varying in an interval I. We show, using constructive arguments, that K admits a lifted semidefinite description by $$\mathcal {O}(d)$$ linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), each of size $$\left\lfloor \frac{n}{2} \right\rfloor +1$$ , where $$d= \max \{m_1,\ldots ,m_n\}$$ is the degree of the curve. On the dual side, we show that if a univariate polynomial p(t) of degree d with at most $$2k+1$$ monomials is non-negative on $${\mathbb {R}}_+$$ , then p admits a representation $$p = t^0 \sigma _0 + \cdots + t^{d-k} \sigma _{d-k}$$ , where the polynomials $$\sigma _0,\ldots ,\sigma _{d-k}$$ are sums of squares and $$\deg (\sigma _i) \le 2k$$ . The latter is a univariate positivstellensatz for sparse polynomials, with non-negativity of p being certified by sos polynomials whose degree only depends on the sparsity of p. Our results fit into the general attempt of formulating polynomial optimization problems as semidefinite problems with LMIs of small size. Such small-size descriptions are much more tractable from a computational viewpoint. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10107-024-02060-9 SN - 0025-5610 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Beck, Matthias A1 - Schymura, Matthias T1 - Deep Lattice Points in Zonotopes, Lonely Runners, and Lonely Rabbits T2 - International Mathematics Research Notices Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/imrn/rnad232 SN - 1073-7928 VL - 2024 IS - 8 SP - 6553 EP - 6578 PB - Oxford University Press (OUP) ER - TY - GEN A1 - Eichermüller, Lena A1 - Chaudhari, Gaurang A1 - Katsavounidis, Ioannis A1 - Lei, Zhijun A1 - Tmar, Hassene A1 - Herglotz, Christian A1 - Kaup, Andre T1 - Encoding Time and Energy Model for SVT-AV1 based on Video Complexity T2 - arXiv - accepted for IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP) N2 - The share of online video traffic in global carbon dioxide emissions is growing steadily. To comply with the demand for video media, dedicated compression techniques are continuously optimized, but at the expense of increasingly higher computational demands and thus rising energy consumption at the video encoder side. In order to find the best trade-off between compression and energy consumption, modeling encoding energy for a wide range of encoding parameters is crucial. We propose an encoding time and energy model for SVT-AV1 based on empirical relations between the encoding time and video parameters as well as encoder configurations. Furthermore, we model the influence of video content by established content descriptors such as spatial and temporal information. We then use the predicted encoding time to estimate the required energy demand and achieve a prediction error of 19.6 % for encoding time and 20.9 % for encoding energy. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2401.16067 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmitt, Ingo T1 - Logic interpretations of ANN partition cells T2 - Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO); Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI) N2 - Consider a binary classification problem solved using a feed-forward artificial neural network (ANN). Let the ANN be composed of a ReLU layer and several linear layers (convolution, sum-pooling, or fully connected). We assume the network was trained with high accuracy. Despite numerous suggested approaches, interpreting an artificial neural network remains challenging for humans. For a new method of interpretation, we construct a bridge between a simple ANN and logic. As a result, we can analyze and manipulate the semantics of an ANN using the powerful tool set of logic. To achieve this, we decompose the input space of the ANN into several network partition cells. Each network partition cell represents a linear combination that maps input values to a classifying output value. For interpreting the linear map of a partition cell using logic expressions, we suggest minterm values as the input of a simple ANN. We derive logic expressions representing interaction patterns for separating objects classified as 1 from those classified as 0. To facilitate an interpretation of logic expressions, we present them as binary logic trees. KW - XAI, KW - Logic KW - Probability Theory KW - Artificial Neural Networks Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.48550/ARXIV.2408.14314 IS - abs/2408.14314 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stöllner, Thomas A1 - Aali, Abolfazl A1 - Boenke, Nicole A1 - Davoudi, Hossein A1 - Draganits, Erich A1 - Fathi, Homa A1 - Franke, Kristina A. A1 - Herd, Rainer A1 - Kosczinski, Katja A1 - Mashkour, Marjan A1 - Mostafapour, Iman A1 - Nezafati, Nima A1 - Öhrström, Lena A1 - Rühli, Frank A1 - Saeidi, Sahand A1 - Schapals, Fabian A1 - Schimerl, Nicolas A1 - Sikorski, Beate A1 - Zifar, Hamed T1 - Salt Mining and Salt Miners at Talkherud–Douzlākh, Northwestern Iran: From Landscape to Resource-Scape T2 - Journal of World Prehistory N2 - The Douzlākh salt deposit (region: Māhneshān, Zanjān Province, Iran) is unique for its pure and crystal rock salt and was an important supplier of culinary (‘table’) salt in Achaemenid, Sassanid and Middle Islamic times. At the same time, the site was of central importance to the economic life of the rural populations in the Talkherud Basin. This article focuses on the question of which strategies were decisive for the exploitation of the salt mountain and how a potential supra-regional interest in the culinary salt was perhaps reciprocally connected with a rural hinterland. This hinterland was recently investigated in greater detail by our ongoing research. Did a resource-scape based on salt develop with specific economic and social strategies and practices around the Douzlākh? And was this development triggered by state or imperial control and demand? These questions are being pursued from a perspective utilising a variety of subjects and methods in archaeology, archaeobiology, archaeometry and geoarchaeology. In addition to a detailed on-site artefact study, several on- and off-site datasets have been collected and analysed within a multidisciplinary framework. This article synthesises the results of a major 12-year project to identify the organisational principles and daily practices within this specific salt-scape. The sensational finds of the Douzlākh salt mummies, along with the generally outstanding preservation of organic ecofacts and artefacts, allow insights into antique lifeworlds that are otherwise hard to come by. The multidisciplinary study of on- and off-site data allows far-reaching insights into interdisciplinary topics, such as the social system, supply and logistics, or the presence of non-local or non-indigenous populations. KW - Salt KW - Mining KW - Achaemenid KW - Sasanian KW - Mummies KW - Resource-scape Y1 - 2024 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10963-024-09183-z#citeas U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10963-024-09183-z VL - 2024 IS - Volume 37 SP - 61 EP - 140 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Geiger, Ingmar A1 - Salmen, Andreas A1 - Zerres, Alfred T1 - Is the buyer really king? A meta-analysis of the buyer advantage in sales negotiation T2 - Industrial Marketing Management N2 - This meta-analysis investigates the existence of a potential buyer advantage in economic outcomes of sales negotiations, i.e., greater mean buyer profit than seller profit. Role theory predicts such an advantage due to different role characteristics and behavioral prescriptions between buyers and sellers. Related research on heuristic decision-making comes to the same conclusions based on different loss- and gain framing due to role. This main effect, i.e., the buyer advantage, is expected to be context-dependent. Therefore, role context-related and negotiation advantage-related moderators are analyzed, which are expected to amplify or attenuate the main effect. Using a hierarchical linear modeling approach to meta-analysis, this study includes k = 669 effect sizes from 196 primary studies or data sources, amounting to N = 24,757 negotiation dyads. Per our prediction, buyers fare slightly better than sellers in sales negotiations, albeit this buyer advantage qualifies as rather small. The effect is attenuated when male sellers negotiate with female buyers, when negotiators are experienced professionals or MBA students, and when the negotiation setting is B2B. Well-known negotiation advantage variables (information, power, goal, first offer advantage) largely amplify or reverse the effect, depending on which side holds the negotiation advantage. KW - Sales negotiation KW - Role theory KW - Hierarchical linear modeling Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2024.11.004 SN - 0019-8501 VL - 123 SP - 372 EP - 385 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Okofo, Louis Boansi A1 - Bedu-Addo, Kenneth A1 - Martienssen, Marion T1 - Characterization of groundwater in the 'Tamnean' Plutonic Suite aquifers using hydrogeochemical and multivariate statistical evidence: a study in the Garu-Tempane District, Upper East Region of Ghana T2 - Applied Water Science N2 - The 'Tamnean' Plutonic Suite aquifer is the main public water supply for the Garu-Tempane District. Thus, hydrogeochemical characterization is essential to provide valuable insights into pollution sources and the main controls on groundwater chemistry. In this regard, multivariate statistical methods, conventional hydrochemical graphical methods, and various ionic ratios complemented with PHREEQC geochemical modelling were carried out using 38 groundwater samples collected from the Tamnean Plutonic Suite aquifers, Ghana. The ionic ratio plots, the chloro-alkaline indices, and the graphical diagrams indicate that the major sources of groundwater chemistry are silicate mineral dissolution and cation exchange coupled with the leaching of domestic solid waste and nitrogen-based fertilizers. The Q-mode hierarchical cluster analysis reveals three spatial groundwater zones. Groundwater from recharge areas consists of Ca–Na–HCO3 water types in cluster 1. The intermediate zone is characterized by Ca–Mg–Na–HCO3 water types of moderate ionic compositions in cluster 2, and this evolves into a discharge zone in cluster 3 mainly of Ca–Mg–Na–HCO3–NO3 water types. The principal component analysis (PCA) reveals three factors, which account for 81% of the total variance, and this suggests most of the groundwater chemistry had longer interaction with the lithological materials. The PHREEQC geochemical modelling consisting of mineral saturation index indicates that groundwater is mostly supersaturated with respect to dolomite and undersaturated with respect to calcite, anhydrite, fluorite, gypsum, and halite. Based on the water quality index, the groundwater in the district is generally suitable for drinking water purposes. All the samples are within the World Health Organization acceptable limits for drinking water except for lower pH, elevated nitrate and bromide concentrations in some of the wells. About 10.5% of the groundwater samples are contaminated with nitrate, which may pose a health danger to the inhabitants in the communities. The finding of this study will not only contribute to solving the research paucity regarding the Tamnean Plutonic Suite aquifers in the Garu-Tempane District but will serve as a valuable document for water managers and decision-makers in Ghana. KW - Tamnean Plutonic Suite KW - Groundwater chemistry KW - Saturation index KW - Elevated nitrate concentrations KW - Engineering Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-021-01559-2 SN - 2190-5487 SN - 2190-5495 VL - 12 IS - 2 PB - Springer International Publishing ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wanner, Manfred A1 - Siemensma, Ferry A1 - Prasad Acharja, Indra A1 - Tshering, Jigme A1 - Khandu, Pema A1 - Lal Gajmer, Santa A1 - Gyeltshen, Choki A1 - Dorji, Tshering A1 - Tenzin, Kinley A1 - Shimano, Satoshi D. T1 - Testate amoebae from the wetlands of the Phobjikha Valley of Bhutan, the Eastern Himalayas T2 - European Journal of Protistology N2 - The Kingdom of Bhutan in the Eastern Himalayas harbors a rich biodiversity. However, its detailed documentation still needs to be created, including not only macroorganisms but also protists. In the present study, as many as 105 taxa of testate amoebae were identified and directly counted in soil suspension samples collected from the wetlands of the Gangtey-Phobji Valley (generally Phobjikha), Wangdue Phodrang district. The most dominant were cosmopolitan species, e.g., Euglypha rotunda, Trinema lineare, T. complanatum, T. enchelys, Phryganella acropodia, and Plagiopyxis declivis. However, some taxa such as Centropyxis deflandriana, C. stenodeflandriana, Hoogenraadia cf. humicola, Pareuglypha reticulata, and Sphenoderia chardezi have a geographically restricted distribution and/or are considered rare. Some specimens could not be assigned to already described species (Centropyxis dentata sp. nov. and Difflugia fusiforma sp. nov.) or were highly similar to known species but differed in size or other taxonomically important characteristics (e.g., Hoogenraadia cf. humicola and Planhoogenraadia sp.). To our knowledge, this study is the first to present a comprehensive list of testate amoebae from Bhutan, including some new and rare species. The discovery of a remarkable diversity of testate amoebae in only a few soil samples suggests that this remote and largely unexplored region likely harbors many more intriguing species. KW - Testate amoebae KW - Soil habitats KW - Biodiversity KW - Taxonomy KW - New species Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejop.2024.126125 SN - 0932-4739 IS - 96 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Thomas, Neier A1 - Kreinin, Halliki A1 - Gerold, Stefanie A1 - Heyne, Sophia A1 - Laa, Elisabeth A1 - Bohnenberger, Katharina T1 - Navigating labor-market transitions: an eco-social policy toolbox for public employment services T2 - Sustainability: Science, Practice and Policy Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/15487733.2024.2386799 VL - 20 PB - Taylor&Francis ER - TY - GEN A1 - Richter, Martin A1 - Karnapke, Reinhardt A1 - Werner, Matthias T1 - Utilizing sensor and actuator virtualization to achieve a systemic view of mobile heterogeneous cyber-physical systems T2 - Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Simulation and Modeling Methodologies, Technologies and Applications N2 - When programming cyber-physical systems, application developers currently utilize physical sensors and actuators individually to achieve the desired observations and impacts within the physical world. This is an error-prone and complex task given the size, heterogeneity, and mobility of prevailing cyber-physical systems. We introduce an application model that allows the application developers to take a physical perspective. By means of this model, the programmers describe desired observations and influences with respect to the physical world without directly referencing physical devices. We present an additional model for a runtime environment that transparently utilizes the available physical devices to reach the application developers’ targets. We show that an implementation of our models is functional via simulation. KW - Cyber-Physical Systems KW - Virtualization KW - Mobility KW - Heterogeneity KW - Transparency Y1 - 2024 SN - 978-989-758-708-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5220/0012715800003758 SP - 207 EP - 214 PB - SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications ER - TY - GEN A1 - Khatin-Zadeh, Omid A1 - Banaruee, Hassan A1 - Reali, Florencia A1 - Tirado, Carlos A1 - Ruiz-Fernández, Susana A1 - Yamada, Yuki A1 - Wang, Ruiming A1 - Nicolas, Robin A1 - Khwaileh, Tariq A1 - Szychowska, Malina A1 - Vestlund, Johanna A1 - Correa, Juan C. A1 - Farsani, Danyal A1 - Butcher, Natalie A1 - Som, Bidisha A1 - Volkonskii, Ivan A1 - Plevoets, Koen A1 - Marmolejo-Ramos, Fernando T1 - Metaphors of time across cultures T2 - Journal of Cultural Cognitive Science Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s41809-023-00125-3 SN - 2520-100X VL - 7 SP - 219 EP - 231 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Godbersen, Hendrik A1 - Dudek, Bettina A1 - Ruiz Fernández, Susana T1 - The relationship between organizational commitment, commitment to supervisor and servant leadership T2 - Frontiers in Organizational Psychology Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/forgp.2024.1353959 SN - 2813-771X VL - 2 PB - Frontiers Media SA ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liu, Xu A1 - Song, Lin A1 - Stark, Andreas A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Zhang, Tiebang T1 - In-situ synchrotron high energy X-ray diffraction study on the deformation mechanisms of D019-α2 phase during high-temperature compression in a TiAl alloy T2 - Journal of Materials Research and Technology Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.10.231 SN - 2238-7854 VL - 33 SP - 5850 EP - 5862 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Haußmann, L. A1 - Bresler, J. A1 - Neumeier, S. A1 - Pyczak, F. A1 - Göken, M. T1 - Interdiffusion Coefficients and Strengthening Effects of Nb, Ta, and Zr in the α2-Ti3Al Phase T2 - Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion N2 - AbstractThe creep properties of fully lamellar γ/α2 titanium aluminides can be significantly improved by alloying with Nb, Ta or Zr. While the influence of these alloying elements on the γ-phase has already been examined, their diffusivity and strengthening properties in the α2-phase are still lacking. In order to study the effect of Nb, Ta and Zr in α2-Ti3Al, the alloys Ti-33Al, Ti-33Al-5Nb, Ti-33Al-5Ta and Ti-33Al-5Zr were investigated using a diffusion couple approach and strain rate jump tests. The results show that Zr diffuses the fastest, followed by Nb and Ta. Furthermore, these alloying elements also increase the strength compared to a binary Ti-33Al alloy, from which Zr leads to the highest strength increase followed by Ta and Nb. The lower diffusivity of Ta becomes increasingly important at higher temperatures and lower strain rates resulting in a higher strengthening potential than Nb and Zr under such conditions. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-024-01105-y SN - 1547-7037 VL - 45 (2024) IS - 4 SP - 764 EP - 771 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Neumeier, S. A1 - Freund, L. P. A1 - Bezold, A. A1 - Köbrich, M. A1 - Vollhüter, J. A1 - Hausmann, D. A1 - Solis, C. A1 - Stark, A. A1 - Schell, N. A1 - Pyczak, F. A1 - Felfer, P. A1 - Gilles, R. A1 - Göken, M. T1 - Advanced Polycrystalline γ′-Strengthened CoNiCr-Based Superalloys T2 - Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A N2 - AbstractNovel compositionally complex CoNiCr-based superalloys with excellent mechanical properties have been developed, which combine the multiprincipal element nature of high-entropy alloys with the precipitation strengthening in superalloys. A series of advanced polycrystalline γ′-strengthened CoNiCr-based superalloys, called CoWAlloys, with varying contents of Al, W, Ti, Ta, Mo, and Nb are investigated in terms of microstructure, thermophysical properties, yield, and creep strength. The microstructure of all CoWAlloys consists of an fcc solid solution matrix phase (approximate γ composition in at. pct: 50Co–20Ni–20Cr–10X (X = other alloying elements)), which is strengthened by a multicomponent γ′ (Ni,Co)3(Al,Ti,Ta,W,Nb)-based precipitate phase with a very high-volume fraction of around 60 vol pct (approximate γ′ composition in at. pct: 45Ni–30Co–25X). These alloys have high solidus temperatures above 1300 °C and moderate γ′ solvus temperature between 985 °C and 1080 °C leading to a large processing window. The increasing content of γ′-forming elements Ti, Ta, W, and Nb decreases this window, but increases the γ/γ′ lattice misfit and the anti-phase boundary energy, which contribute to a significantly higher yield and creep strength. Their properties are discussed in comparison with conventional polycrystalline Ni-base superalloys and so-called L12-strengthened high-entropy alloys, revealing that the creep strengths of the CoWAlloys are significantly higher. This is due to the reduced strain rate sensitivity of the CoWAlloys due to different underlying deformation mechanisms: By increasing the anti-phase boundary energy, a transition to stacking fault shearing and microtwinning occurs, which leads to the enhanced creep strength. Based on these results, guidelines and strategies for the design of next-generation advanced high-temperature polycrystalline superalloys are proposed. Graphical Abstract Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-024-07319-6 SN - 1073-5623 VL - 55 IS - 5 SP - 1319 EP - 1337 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cao, Xianli A1 - Wang, Li A1 - Tao, Hui A1 - He, Weiwei A1 - Liang, Xiaopeng A1 - Liu, Bin A1 - Oehring, Michael A1 - Paul, Jonathan A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Liu, Yong T1 - Morphology evolution of P-Ti3AlC carbides and their influence on creep properties in a crept Ti-45Al-5Nb-0.75C alloy T2 - Journal of Materials Research and Technology Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.02.146 SN - 2238-7854 VL - 29 SP - 4181 EP - 4190 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Li A1 - Wang, Yihao A1 - Pyczak, Florian A1 - Oehring, Michael A1 - Song, Min A1 - Liu, Yong T1 - Revealing complex planar defects and their interactions at atomic resolution in a Laves phase containing Co-base superalloy T2 - Acta Materialia Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2023.119568 SN - 1359-6454 VL - 264 SP - 1 EP - 20 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Parade, Ralf A1 - Epp, André T1 - Theoretische Überlegungen und empirische Erkundungen zur biografischen Verwobenheit von Verdinglichungs- und Entfremdungsprozessen im Lehrer:innenberuf. T2 - Zeitschrift für Pädagogik Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3262/ZP2501023 SN - 0044-3247 VL - 2025 IS - 1 SP - 23 EP - 40 PB - Beltz ER - TY - GEN A1 - Epp, André A1 - Hinrichsen, Merle T1 - Interdisziplinäre Perspektiven auf Vergessen – Impulse für eine erziehungswissenschaftliche Biografieforschung? T2 - Zeitschrift für Pädagogik Y1 - 2023 SN - 0044-3247 VL - 2023 SP - 708 EP - 724 PB - Beltz ER - TY - GEN A1 - Epp, André T1 - Relationship between professionalization and impact research – Effects of knowledge and orientation stocks of youth social workers on their acting T2 - Irish Journal of Applied Social Studies Y1 - 2024 UR - https://arrow.tudublin.ie/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1446&context=ijass VL - 24 IS - 2 ER - TY - GEN T1 - Biographie und Vergessen : Perspektiven und Gegenstandsbereiche einer vergessenssensiblen Biographieforschung : Einleitung in den Themenschwerpunkt T2 - Zeitschrift für Biographieforschung, Oral History und Lebensverlaufsanalysen Y1 - 2024 UR - https://budrich-journals.de/index.php/bios/article/view/44978/38489 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3224/bios.v36i1 SN - 0933-5315 VL - 36 IS - 1 SP - 3 EP - 11 PB - Verlag Barbara Budrich CY - Leverkusen-Opladen ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hasanuzzaman, Gazi A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Application of machine learning for sustainable aviation : the role of friction drag and flow control in turbulent boundary layer flows T2 - The 2nd International Conference on Advancing Sustainable Futures (ICASF 2024) Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.31060.92807 SP - 1 EP - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yalçın, Nur Gizem A1 - Paredis, Erik A1 - Jaeger-Erben, Melanie T1 - Packaged science? Incumbent strategies of science capture from a power perspective T2 - Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eist.2024.100931 SN - 2210-4224 VL - 54 SP - 1 EP - 16 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Matthies, Ellen A1 - Beer, Katrin A1 - Böcher, Michael A1 - Sundmacher, Kai A1 - König-Mattern, Laura A1 - Arlinghaus, Julia A1 - Blöbaum, Anke A1 - Jaeger-Erben, Melanie A1 - Schmidt, Karolin T1 - Framework conditions for the transformation toward a sustainable carbon-based chemical industry – A critical review of existing and potential contributions from the social sciences T2 - Journal of Cleaner Production Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.143279 SN - 0959-6526 VL - 470 (2024) SP - 1 EP - 13 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Claus, Sylvia A1 - Metzner, Jonathan T1 - Platte Postmodern. Das Kolonnadenviertel Leipzig T1 - Platte Postmodern. The Kolonnadenviertel in Leipzig 1983-90 T2 - Daidalos. Magazin für Architektur, Kunst & Kultur KW - DDR KW - Plattenbau KW - Wohnungsbau KW - Postmoderne KW - Architektur KW - Urbanismus Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.daidalos.org/de/artikel/leipzig-de/ VL - 3. Jg. IS - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tang, Yingchun A1 - Li, Changle A1 - Lu, Song A1 - Li, Wei A1 - Vitos, Levente A1 - Pyczak, Florian T1 - Magneto-chemical effects in the elastic properties of Co3Al-based compounds T2 - Materials Today Communications Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtcomm.2024.110507 SN - 2352-4928 VL - 41 SP - 1 EP - 11 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Heidari Pebdani, Zeinab A1 - Janisch, Rebecca A1 - Pyczak, Florian T1 - Effect of V-VIB group ternary elements on the properties of Ti2AlM-type O-phases: A first-principles study T2 - Computational Condensed Matter Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cocom.2024.e00945 SN - 2352-2143 VL - 40 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Epp, André A1 - Parade, Ralf T1 - Entfremdung und Verdinglichung im Kontext von Schule und Unterricht. Eine Einleitung T2 - Zeitschrift für Pädagogik Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3262/ZP2501001 SN - 0044-3247 VL - 2025 SP - 1 EP - 6 PB - Beltz Schwerpunktheft in ZfPäd CY - Weinheim ET - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, Laura A1 - Czymai, Max A1 - Blättel-Mink, Birgit A1 - Döll, Petra T1 - How to assess conditions for the acceptance of climate change adaptation measures by applying implementation probability Bayesian Networks in participatory processes T2 - Environmental Modelling & Software N2 - Climate change adaptation measures are best identified participatorily, yet their implementation poses challenges. While Bayesian Network (BN) modeling has been widely used to assess how adaptation measures mitigate risks, we present how to develop, in a participatory process, an innovative BN type that quantifies the implementation probability of adaptation measures by considering conditions for actors’ acceptance as well as cultural worldviews. The BN structure was derived from participatorily identified causal networks, while the conditional probability tables were straightforwardly developed with stakeholder-assigned weights. Sensitivity analysis shows how BN structure and parameters influence the BN results. We found that our approach achieves knowledge integration and learning without overwhelming stakeholders with technical details. As BNs enable exploring scenarios, stakeholders learn that many plausible futures exist. Integrating our approach in participatory adaptation processes contributes to identifying the best combinations of implementation actions, reducing the “know-do gap” in local adaptation challenges. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2024.106188 SN - 1364-8152 VL - 181 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knopp, Lothar T1 - „Große“ Hochschulrechtsnovelle in Brandenburg –mit einem Fokus auf den Versuch der „rechtlichen Bewältigung“ einer gescheiterten Fusion T2 - Wissenschaftsrecht (WissR) KW - Hochschulrecht KW - Hochschulgesetz KW - BbgHG Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1628/wissr-2024-0017 VL - 57 IS - 3 SP - 229 EP - 261 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Esfahani, Ali Haddadi A1 - Maye, Oliver A1 - Frohberg, Max A1 - Speh, Maria A1 - Jöbges, Micheal A1 - Langendörfer, Peter T1 - Real time detection of Freezing of Gait of Parkinson patients based on machine learning running on a body worn device T2 - Procedia Computer Science Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2024.06.160 SN - 1877-0509 VL - 239 SP - 177 EP - 184 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Giri, Binod Raj A1 - Palacios, Manuel Monge A1 - Thangaraj, Ravikumar A1 - Shrestha, Krishna Prasad A1 - Viskolcz, Béla A1 - Mauss, Fabian A1 - Szőri, Milán T1 - An Ab initio based OH initiated oxidation kinetics of glycerol carbonate: A promising biofuel component T2 - Proceedings of the Combustion Institute N2 - The global energy demand is steadily increasing because of the population explosion and economic growth. Fossil fuels supply around 85 % of global primary energy demand. On one hand, fulfilling the increasing energy demands is a big challenge for the next few decades. On the other hand, the continued burning of fossil fuels leads to higher CO2 emissions, severely impacting global warming. Therefore, the policymakers vow to shift from conventional fuels to renewable resources for economic, environmental, and future energy security reasons. In this context, biofuels from lignocellulosic biomass and/or carbon-neutral fuels produced in the sustainable carbon cycle can close the carbon cycle and reach net zero-carbon emission. Recently, glycerol carbonate has been proposed as a promising fuel or fuel additive for future sustainability. Therefore, we investigated the hydrogen abstraction reactions of glycerol carbonate (GC) by OH radicals using high-level ab initio and variational transition state theory calculations. We mapped out the potential energy surface using the CCSD(T)/cc-pV(D, T)Z//MP2/cc-pVTZ level of theory. We used the ab initio parameters to obtain the site-specific rate coefficients by employing the variational transition state theory. We observed that every hydrogen atom in GC displays a unique reactivity with OH radicals. We derived branching ratio of each channel that are difficult to access experimentally. The overall rate coefficients exhibit a strong non-Arrhenius behaviour, which can be represented as: This is the first reported rate data for the glycerol carbonate and OH radicals reaction. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1540748924004760 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2024.105668 VL - 40 SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - GEN A1 - Eckart, Sven A1 - Shrestha, Krishna P A1 - Giri, Binod R A1 - Fang, Qilong A1 - Li, Wei A1 - Mauss, Fabian A1 - Krause, Hartmut A1 - Li, Yuyang T1 - Insight into premixed diethoxymethane flames: Laminar burning velocities, temperatures, and emissions behaviour T2 - Proceedings of the Combustion Institute N2 - Diethoxymethane ((CH3CH2O)2CH2, DEM) is a promising carbon-neutral fuel. DEM is a diether or acetal with a molecular structure similar to oxymethylene ethers (CH3O–(CH2O)n–CH3, OMEn). Thus, DEM can be expected to have a similar combustion behavior to OMEs, reducing harmful emissions such as NOx and particulate matter (PM) in internal combustion engines. From both experimental and kinetic modeling, fundamental studies on DEM are scarce in the literature. More studies are required to gain a detailed insight into the oxidation kinetics of DEM. Laminar burning velocity (LBV) is a critical property that allows a detailed assessment of the potential application of DEM in combustion devices. Unfortunately, the literature on the LBV of DEM is limited. Therefore, in this study we have investigated the LBV of DEM using two reactors for the first time, namely a heat flux burner and a combustion chamber. The experimental data is reported for equivalence ratio between 0.7 and 1.7, initial temperatures of 368–423 K, and initial pressure of 1–5 bar. In addition, we developed a detailed kinetic model extending our recent work of Shrestha et al. (Combust. Flame. 246 (2022) 112,426) to characterize the combustion behavior of DEM utilizing the new experimental data from this work and the literature data. Our model performs remarkably well in capturing the newly measured LBV experimental data over various experimental conditions. We found that DEM and dimethoxy methane (DMM) have similar values of LBVs (within ±1.5 cm/s) for a given condition, which indicates that intermediate chemistry governs the flame chemistry. Despite DEM being a larger molecule that is expected to have slightly lower LBVs than DMM, its effect on the measured values of LBVs is negligible. Finally, we experimentally measured NOx formation in DEM flame for the first time. The stochiometric flame has the highest NOx formation. The proposed model predicted the equivalence ratio dependence of NOx nicely. However, it overestimates the NOx formation for stoichiometric DEM/air mixtures by ∼30 %. The model suggests that the thermal NO formation route is favored at lean and stochiometric conditions. In contrast, the prompt NO formation route is enhanced for rich mixtures. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1540748924003870 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2024.105579 VL - 40 SP - 1 EP - 7 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - GEN A1 - Eckart, Sven A1 - Shrestha, Krishna P A1 - Giri, Binod R A1 - Fang, Qilong A1 - Chen, Chen A1 - Li, Wei A1 - Krause, Hartmut A1 - Mauss, Fabian A1 - Liu, Dong A1 - Li, Yuyang T1 - Chemical insights into ethyl acetate flames from experiment and kinetic modeling: Laminar burning velocity, speciation and NOx emission T2 - Proceedings of the Combustion Institute N2 - Oxygenated fuels, such as alcohols, ethers, and esters, are promising alternatives to conventional fuels. These fuels can help reduce detrimental emissions like carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons and enhance octane ratings. Among these oxygenates, ethyl acetate (EA), a small alkyl ester sourced from biomass, emerges as a clean, promising energy carrier. It serves as a surrogate fuel to facilitate investigations into the combustion behaviours of biodiesel. Despite its importance, the literature knowledge of EA combustion characteristics is limited. Therefore, this study aims to broaden the knowledge of the combustion behaviour of this type of oxygenated fuel compound. In this study, we measured the laminar burning velocities of EA by employing a heat flux burner and a closed combustion vessel over the equivalence ratios of 0.7 – 1.7, pressures of 1 – 10 bar and temperatures ranging from 353 – 423 K. Further, we also measured the NOx emissions in exhaust gas of the premixed flames fueled by EA/air for the first time over the equivalence ratio of 0.8 – 1.2. Additionally, we employed a non-premixed counterflow flame setup for extensive characterisation of species and their concentration under diverse conditions encompassing various strain rates and oxygen concentrations. Finally, we utilized these newly measured data to construct and validate a detailed kinetic model developed as part of this work. The newly developed model will help characterize the combustion properties of EA. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1540748924002955 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2024.105487 VL - 40 (2024) SP - 1 EP - 7 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - GEN A1 - Thomas, Daniel E A1 - Shrestha, Krishna P A1 - Mauss, Fabian A1 - Northrop, William F T1 - Extinction and NO formation of ammonia-hydrogen and air non-premixed counterflow flames T2 - Proceedings of the Combustion Institute N2 - Green ammonia, produced using renewable energy, is a promising carbon-free energy vector and fuel. This work studies combustion of ammonia-hydrogen fuel mixtures with air in counterflow diffusion flame experiments and provides an improved kinetic mechanism for modeling ammonia combustion. The extinction strain rate is measured for a range of 0 to 15% hydrogen in the fuel blend. The flame structure is also investigated with quantitative laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) measurements of nitric oxide (NO) for the same hydrogen concentrations and strain rate range from 26 to 134 s. For these conditions, NO concentration increases with both strain rate and fuel hydrogen content. The previously published kinetic model developed by the authors is used to perform one-dimensional flame simulations of the experimental setup and conditions, and results are compared to three other recently published ammonia mechanisms. None of the selected models satisfactorily predict both the measured extinction strain rate and flame NO concentration. The models mainly fail to predict extinction strain rate at higher Hfraction and NO formation at the highest experimental strain rates and H fraction. The reaction rate parameters for some of the key reactions in the published model developed by authors were updated to improve agreement with experimental results. The updated model results are closely aligned with extinction strain rate measurements, and have improved prediction of flame NO concentration. The model reveals that the reactions from the NH and NH sub-mechanism are sensitive in predicting the extinction strain rate as well as NO. In particular, the reaction NH+NO=NO+H had significant impact on NO predictions. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1540748922003388 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2022.08.067 VL - 39 IS - 2 SP - 1803 EP - 1812 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - GEN A1 - Alessandroni, Nicolás A1 - Altschul, Drew A1 - Baumgartner, Heidi A. A1 - Bazhydai, Marina A1 - Brosnan, Sarah F. A1 - Byers-Heinlein, Krista A1 - Call, Josep A1 - Chittka, Lars A1 - Elsherif, Mahmoud A1 - Espinosa, Julia A1 - Freeman, Marianne S. A1 - Gjoneska, Biljana A1 - Güntürkün, Onur A1 - Huber, Ludwig A1 - Krasheninnikova, Anastasia A1 - Mazza, Valeria A1 - Miller, Rachael A1 - Moreau, David A1 - Nawroth, Christian A1 - Pronizius, Ekaterina A1 - Ruiz-Fernández, Susana A1 - Schwing, Raoul A1 - Šlipogor, Vedrana A1 - Visser, Ingmar A1 - Vonk, Jennifer A1 - Yeager, Justin A1 - Zettersten, Martin A1 - Prétôt, Laurent T1 - Challenges and promises of big team comparative cognition T2 - Nature Human Behaviour Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-024-02081-6 SN - 2397-3374 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Imu, N.J., A1 - Ezeamama, A. A1 - Matemilola, S. T1 - Assessment of energy and emissions saving impact of solar PV modules: a case study of Bangladesh T2 - International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBPA-10-2020-0086 SN - 2398-4708 VL - 40 IS - 4 PB - Emerald Publishing ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lengyel, Dominik A1 - Toulouse, Catherine T1 - The design in the visualization of uncertainty, abstract modelling and virtual photography T2 - Imaginations: Journal of Cross-Cultural Image Studies Y1 - 2024 UR - https://imaginationsjournal.ca/index.php/imaginations/article/view/29710 U6 - https://doi.org/10.17742/IMAGE29710 SN - 1918-8439 VL - 15 IS - 1 SP - 145 EP - 204 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lyu, Yu-Xuan A1 - Fu, Qiang A1 - Wilczok, Dominika A1 - Ying, Kejun A1 - King, Aaron A1 - Antebi, Adam A1 - Vojta, Aleksandar A1 - Stolzing, Alexandra A1 - Moskalev, Alexey A1 - Georgievskaya, Anastasia A1 - Maier, Andrea B. A1 - Olsen, Andrea A1 - Groth, Anja A1 - Simon, Anna Katharina A1 - Brunet, Anne A1 - Jamil, Aisyah A1 - Kulaga, Anton A1 - Bhatti, Asif A1 - Yaden, Benjamin A1 - Pedersen, Bente Klarlund A1 - Schumacher, Björn A1 - Djordjevic, Boris A1 - Kennedy, Brian A1 - Chen, Chieh A1 - Huang, Christine Yuan A1 - Correll, Christoph U. A1 - Murphy, Coleen T. A1 - Ewald, Collin Y. A1 - Chen, Danica A1 - Valenzano, Dario Riccardo A1 - Sołdacki, Dariusz A1 - Erritzoe, David A1 - Meyer, David A1 - Sinclair, David A. A1 - Chini, Eduardo Nunes A1 - Teeling, Emma C. A1 - Morgen, Eric A1 - Verdin, Eric A1 - Vernet, Erik A1 - Pinilla, Estefano A1 - Fang, Evandro F. A1 - Bischof, Evelyne A1 - Mercken, Evi M. A1 - Finger, Fabian A1 - Kuipers, Folkert A1 - Pun, Frank W. A1 - Gyülveszi, Gabor A1 - Civiletto, Gabriele A1 - Zmudze, Garri A1 - Blander, Gil A1 - Pincus, Harold A. A1 - McClure, Joshua A1 - Kirkland, James L. A1 - Peyer, James A1 - Justice, Jamie N. A1 - Vijg, Jan A1 - Gruhn, Jennifer R. A1 - McLaughlin, Jerry A1 - Mannick, Joan A1 - Passos, João A1 - Baur, Joseph A. A1 - Betts-LaCroix, Joe A1 - Sedivy, John M. A1 - Speakman, John R. A1 - Shlain, Jordan A1 - Maltzahn, Julia von A1 - Andreasson, Katrin I. A1 - Moody, Kelsey A1 - Palikaras, Konstantinos A1 - Fortney, Kristen A1 - Niedernhofer, Laura J. A1 - Rasmussen, Lene Juel A1 - Veenhoff, Liesbeth M. A1 - Melton, Lisa A1 - Ferrucci, Luigi A1 - Quarta, Marco A1 - Koval, Maria A1 - Marinova, Maria A1 - Hamalainen, Mark A1 - Unfried, Maximilian A1 - Ringel, Michael S. A1 - Filipovic, Milos A1 - Topors, Mourad A1 - Mitin, Natalia A1 - Roy, Nawal A1 - Pintar, Nika A1 - Barzilai, Nir A1 - Binetti, Paolo A1 - Singh, Parminder A1 - Kohlhaas, Paul A1 - Robbins, Paul D. A1 - Rubin, Paul A1 - Fedichev, Peter O. A1 - Kamya, Petrina A1 - Muñoz-Canoves, Pura A1 - de Cabo, Rafael A1 - Faragher, Richard G. A. A1 - Konrad, Rob A1 - Ripa, Roberto A1 - Mansukhani, Robin A1 - Büttner, Sabrina A1 - Wickström, Sara A. A1 - Brunemeier, Sebastian A1 - Jakimov, Sergey A1 - Luo, Shan A1 - Rosenzweig-Lipson, Sharon A1 - Tsai, Shih-Yin A1 - Dimmeler, Stefanie A1 - Rando, Thomas A. A1 - Peterson, Tim R. A1 - Woods, Tina A1 - Wyss-Coray, Tony A1 - Finkel, Toren A1 - Strauss, Tzipora A1 - Gladyshev, Vadim N. A1 - Longo, Valter D. A1 - Dwaraka, Varun B. A1 - Gorbunova, Vera A1 - Acosta-Rodríguez, Victoria A. A1 - Sorrentino, Vincenzo A1 - Sebastiano, Vittorio A1 - Li, Wenbin A1 - Suh, Yousin A1 - Zhavoronkov, Alex A1 - Scheibye-Knudsen, Morten A1 - Bakula, Daniela T1 - Longevity biotechnology: bridging AI, biomarkers, geroscience and clinical applications for healthy longevity T2 - Aging Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.206135 SN - 1945-4589 VL - 16 IS - 20 SP - 12955 EP - 12976 PB - Impact Journals, LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mauss, Fabian A1 - Rakhi, Rakhi T1 - Numerical investigation of equilibrium and kinetic aspects for hydrogenation of CO2 T2 - Catalysts N2 - Even if huge efforts are made to push alternative mobility concepts, such as electric cars and fuel-cell-powered cars, the significance and use of liquid fuels is anticipated to stay high during the 2030s. Biomethane and synthetic natural gas (SNG) might play a major role in this context, as they are raw material for chemical industry that is easy to be stored and distribute via existing infrastructure, and are a versatile energy carrier for power generation and mobile applications. Since biomethane and synthetic natural gas are suitable for power generation and for mobile applications, they can therefore replace natural gas without any infrastructure changes, thus playing a major role.In this paper, we aim to comprehend the direct production of synthetic natural gas from CO2 and H2 in a Sabatier process based on a thermodynamic analysis as well as a multi-step kinetic approach. For this purpose, we thoroughly discuss CO2 methanation to control emissions in order to maximize the methane formation along with minimizing the CO formation and to understand the complex methanation process. We consider an equilibrium and kinetic modeling study on the NiO-SiO2 catalyst for methanation focusing on CO2-derived SNG. The thermodynamic analysis of CO2 hydrogenation is preformed to define the optimal process parameters followed by the kinetic simulations for catalyst development. The investigation presented in this paper can also be used for developing machine learning algorithms for methanation processes. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/14/9/562 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/catal14090562 VL - 14 SP - 1 EP - 20 PB - MDPI ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sabia, Pino A1 - Manna, M.V. A1 - Mauss, Fabian A1 - Ragucci, R. T1 - MILD Combustion stabilization issues through the analysis of hysteresis behaviors : the case of new energy carriers T2 - Applications in Energy and Combustion Science N2 - MILD combustion processes are renewed to reveal a strong resilience to extinction phenomena and/or instabilities, whereas the oxidation process is stabilized trough ignition phenomena. Under MILD conditions, igni-diffusive and/or perfectly mixed kernels, forming during the mixing process between hot products and fresh reactants, are so much diluted and pre-heated to escape classical feed-back flammable flames stabilization mechanisms, while ignition and extinction events merge in a unique condition through “anhysteretic” behaviors. So far, considering methane as reference fuel, it has been largely demonstrated the mentioned “anhysteretic” condition is very conservative and defines a sub-domain of MILD combustion processes, following Cavaliere and de Joannon's definition. Furthermore, the coincidence of ignition and extinction phenomena can occur also preserving hysteresis phenomena. In turns, this condition strongly enlarges the stabilization domain of MILD combustion processes, starting from the upper branch of the hysteresis behaviors to the real extinction, with characteristic unstable loci to consider as further/last opportunity to promote stable operative conditions through the formation of local thermo-kinetic conditions in the combustion chamber during hot products/fresh reactants mixing process (injection configuration/burner design), or by forced ignition events. The hysteresis behaviors of renewable/alternative fuels, relevant within the decarbonization policies of several energy sectors, are thoroughly discussed under MILD conditions through numerical studies in model reactors in order to shed light on common and/or different features, and outline practical rules towards the definition of stable MILD combustion domains. Results show that, as MILD combustion is a chemical kinetics-driven processes, stability issues have to be discussed in relation to fuel nature, albeit with common behavior can be derived. The coincidence between extinction/ignition phenomena is reached for extremely diluted conditions, already ascribable to MILD combustion conditions, thus defining a small sub-domain of the process. This condition can be reached through “hysteretic” or “anhysteretic” behaviors. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaecs.2024.100276 VL - 19 IS - September 2024 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Trachte, Katja A1 - Raffelsbauer, Volker T1 - Trees with anisohydric behavior as main drivers of nocturnal evapotranspiration in a tropical mountain rainforest T2 - PLoS ONE Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0282397 VL - 18 (3) SP - 1 EP - 21 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ametowobla, Dzifa A1 - Kirchner, Stefan T1 - Varieties of platform capitalism? Competition, regime types and the diversity of food delivery platforms across Europe and North America T2 - Socio-Economic Review N2 - Abstract This article challenges the idea of platform capitalism, that digital platforms implement a uniform model based on a self-employed labor force. Expanding on empirical evidence of a diversity of platform models, we theorize expectations about platform diversity from competition and comparative capitalism research. Using a unique cross-national dataset of leading food delivery platforms in 32 countries across North America and Europe, we compare platform models and competitive relations across national institutional regimes. Our analyses uncover a considerable diversity of platform models across Europe, in contrast to a clear uniformity in North America. We also find that the use of self-employment varies across and within large multinational corporations and is most prevalent in countries of the lightly regulated regime type. Our results call for an economic sociology perspective on the platform economy that integrates a general concept of platforms but allows for diversity stemming from competition and different national regimes. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/ser/mwae079 SN - 1475-1461 VL - 2024 PB - Oxford University Press (OUP) ER - TY - GEN A1 - Menon, Abhilash A1 - Kerstein, Alan A1 - Oevermann, Michael T1 - Assessing the multi-regime capability of the Super-Grid Linear Eddy Model (SG-LEM) using the Darmstadt multi-regime burner T2 - Flow, Turbulence and Combustion N2 - AbstractRecent advances in combustion modelling for Large Eddy Simulation (LES) have increasingly utilised lower-dimensional manifolds, such as Flamelet Generated Manifolds and Flamelet/Progress Variable methods, due to their computational efficiency. These methods typically rely on one-dimensional representations of flame structures, often assuming premixed or non-premixed configurations. However, practical combustion devices frequently operate under partially-premixed conditions and present challenges due to mixture inhomogeneities and complex flow features. The Linear Eddy Model (LEM) offers an alternative by directly simulating turbulence-chemistry interactions without presuming specific flame structures. However, traditional LES-LEM approaches are computationally quite expensive due to the need for resolved LEM domains to be embedded in every LES cell.The authors developed the Super-Grid LEM (SG-LEM) method (Comb. Theor. Model.  28, 2024) to address these computational challenges by coarse-graining the LES mesh and embedding individual LEM domains within clusters of LES cells. This study evaluates SG-LEM in the context of the Multi-Regime Burner (MRB) introduced by Butz et al. (Combust. Flame, 210, 2019), which features both premixed and non-premixed flame characteristics. SG-LEM simulations of the MRB case demonstrate the method’s sensitivity to clustering parameters, with flow-aligned clusters significantly improving flame stability. LEM domains on the super-grid were able to represent the MRB flame topology while LES radial profiles including velocity, mixture fraction, temperature, and $${\textrm{CO}}$$ CO mass fraction, were validated against experimental data and also reference simulations using standard combustion closures. The work also investigates discrepancies in CO profiles using conditional statistics and stand-alone LEM simulations. Finally, the work identifies areas of improvement for the SG-LEM framework, in particular relating to cluster generation, and (advective and diffusive) mass exchange between neighbouring LEM domains, as well as possible solutions for future SG-LEM implementations which could improve the model’s predictive capability. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10494-024-00602-x SN - 1386-6184 VL - 2024 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klein, Rupert A1 - Nadolski, Maikel A1 - Zenker, Christian A1 - Oevermann, Michael A1 - Paschereit, Christian Oliver T1 - Pressure gain combustion for gas turbines : analysis of a fully coupled engine model T2 - Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power N2 - The “Shockless Explosion Combustion” (SEC) concept for gas turbine combustors, introduced in 2014, approximates constant volume combustion (CVC) by harnessing acoustic confinement of auto-igniting gas packets. The resulting pressure waves simultaneously transmit combustion energy to a turbine plenum and facilitate the combustor's recharging against an average pressure gain. Challenges in actualizing an SEC-driven gas turbine include (i) the creation of charge stratifications for nearly homogeneous auto-ignition, (ii) protecting the turbocomponents from combustion-induced pressure fluctuations, (iii) providing evidence that efficiency gains comparable to those of CVC over deflagrative combustion can be realized, and (iv) designing an effective one-way intake valve. This work addresses challenges (i)–(iii) utilizing computational engine models incorporating a quasi-one-dimensional combustor, zero- and two-dimensional (2D) compressor and turbine plena, and quasi-stationary turbocomponents. Two SEC operational modes are identified which fire at roughly one and two times the combustors' acoustic frequencies. Results for SEC-driven gas turbines with compressor pressure ratios of 6:1 and 20:1 reveal 1.5-fold mean pressure gains across the combustors. Assuming ideally efficient compressors and turbines, efficiency gains over engines with deflagration-based combustors of 30% and 18% are realized, respectively. With absolute values of 52% and 66%, the obtained efficiencies are close to the theoretical Humphrey cycle efficiencies of 54% and 65% for the mentioned precompression ratios. Detailed thermodynamic cycle analyses for individual gas parcels suggest that there is room for further efficiency gains through optimized plenum and combustor designs. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4066348 SN - 0742-4795 VL - 147 IS - 2 PB - ASME International ER - TY - GEN A1 - Movaghar, Amirreza A1 - Chiodi, Robert A1 - Oevermann, Michael A1 - Desjardins, Olivier A1 - Kerstein, Alan T1 - Assessment of a multiphase formulation of one-dimensional turbulence using direct numerical simulation of a decaying turbulent interfacial flow T2 - Physical Review Fluids N2 - The interaction between turbulence and surface tension is studied numerically using the one-dimensional-turbulence (ODT) model. ODT is a stochastic model simulating turbulent flow evolution along a notional one-dimensional line of sight by applying instantaneous maps that represent the effects of individual turbulent eddies on property fields. It provides affordable high resolution of interface creation and property gradients within each phase, which are key for capturing the local behavior as well as overall trends, and has been shown to reproduce the main features of an experimentally determined regime diagram for primary jet breakup. Here ODT is used to investigate the interaction of turbulence with an initially planar interface. The notional flat interface is inserted into a periodic box of decaying homogeneous isotropic turbulence, simulated for a variety of turbulent Reynolds and Weber numbers. Unity density and viscosity ratios serve to focus solely on the interaction between fluid inertia and the surface-tension force. Statistical measures of interface surface density and spatial structure along the direction normal to the initial surface are compared to corresponding direct-numerical-simulation (DNS) data. Allowing the origin of the lateral coordinate system to follow the location of the median interface element improves the agreement between ODT and DNS, reflecting the absence of lateral nonvortical displacements in ODT. Beyond the DNS-accessible regime, ODT is shown to obey the predicted parameter dependencies of the Kolmogorov critical scale in both the inertial and dissipative turbulent-cascade subranges. Notably, the probability density function of local fluctuations of the critical scale is found to collapse to a universal curve across both subranges. Published by the American Physical Society 2024 Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevFluids.9.104003 SN - 2469-990X VL - 9 IS - 10 PB - American Physical Society (APS) ER - TY - GEN A1 - Popovski, Eftim A1 - Fleiter, Tobias A1 - Ragwitz, Mario T1 - The role of solar district heat in the energy transition of the German heating sector T2 - Energy N2 - This study explores the integration of solar district heating (SDH) into German heating networks, focusing on the energy transition in the heating sector. Utilizing energyPRO software, 8410 scenario variations were analysed, considering collector areas ranging from 1000 to 200 000 m2 and thermal storage capacities from 0 to 100 000 m³. The research identifies the most cost-effective SDH system designs, with solar fractions between 11 % and 18 % and collector area/storage ratios between 4 and 6.7, resulting in levelized costs of heat (LCOH) between 45 and 64 €/MWh. The techno-economic potential of SDH in Germany is estimated at 17.6 TWh by using a spatial analysis model. The paper presents sensitivity analyses and preliminary design equations, contributing to a comprehensive understanding of SDH's role in decarbonizing the heating sector. By integrating spatial data analysis with energy system modeling, the study offers a novel methodological approach, providing insights into the technical and economic feasibility of SDH systems in Northern Germany and similar climatic regions. The findings aim to assist policymakers and decision-makers in evaluating the costs and dimensions of SDH systems based on local heat demands and influencing economic and technical factors. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0360544224029517?via%3Dihub VL - 310 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ragwitz, Mario A1 - Billerbeck, Anna A1 - Bernath, Christiane A1 - Manz, Pia A1 - Deac, Gerda A1 - Held, Anne A1 - Winkler, Jenny A1 - Kök, Ali T1 - Integrating district heating potentials into European energy system modelling : an assessment of cost advantages of renewable and excess heat T2 - Smart Energy N2 - This paper takes a novel modelling approach by considering high spatial resolution heat generation potentials for district heating and integrating them into a European energy system model. Subsequently, a modelling analysis of an integrated energy system including district heating, electricity and hydrogen supply for 25 EU Member States and the year 2050 is carried out. In contrast to existing approaches, the modelling approach captures the heterogeneous resource availability in district heating. The results show multivalent district heating networks based on a wide range of renewable and excess heat sources used directly or in combination with large-scale heat pumps. The high spatial resolution of the heat generation potentials allows a detailed cost comparison of different possible future technology mixes in district heating. The paper finds that the use of heat pumps, geothermal energy and industrial excess heat offer slight cost advantages for the energy system as a whole. Geothermal heat can also provide cost advantages for district heating generation. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.segy.2024.100150 VL - 15 SP - 1 EP - 13 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - GEN A1 - Billerbeck, Anna A1 - Kiefer, Christoph P. A1 - Winkler, Jenny A1 - Bernath, Christiane A1 - Sensfuß, Frank A1 - Kranzl, Lukas A1 - Müller, Andreas A1 - Ragwitz, Mario T1 - The race between hydrogen and heat pumps for space and water heating: A model-based scenario analysis T2 - Energy Conversion and Management N2 - This paper analyses different levels and means of the electrification of space and hot water heating using an explorative modelling approach. The analysis provides guidance to the ongoing discussion on favourable pathways for heating buildings and the role of secondary energy carriers such as hydrogen or synthetic fuels. In total, 12 different scenarios were modelled with decarbonisation pathways until 2050, which cover all 27 member states of the European Union. Two highly detailed optimisation models were combined to cover the building stock and the upstream energy supply sector. The analysis shows that decarbonisation pathways for space and water heating based on large shares of heat pumps have at least 11% lower system costs in 2050 than pathways with large shares of hydrogen or synthetic fuels. This translates into system cost savings of around €70 bn. Heat pumps are cost-efficient in decentralised systems and in centralised district heating systems. Hence, heat pumps should be the favoured option to achieve a cost-optimal solution for heating buildings. Accordingly, the paper makes a novel and significant contribution to understanding suitable and cost-efficient decarbonisation pathways for space and hot water heating via electrification. The results of the paper can provide robust guidance for policymakers. KW - Hydrogen KW - Energy systems modelling KW - Optimization KW - Sector coupling KW - Heat pump KW - District heating Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2023.117850 SN - 0196-8904 VL - 299 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Menon, Abhilash M. A1 - Oevermann, Michael A1 - Kerstein, Alan R. T1 - A super-grid approach for LES combustion closure using the linear eddy model T2 - Combustion Theory and Modelling N2 - LES–LEM is a simulation approach for turbulent combustion in which the stochastic Linear Eddy Model (LEM) is used for sub-grid mixing and combustion closure in Large-Eddy Simulation (LES). LEM resolves, along a one-dimensional line, all spatial and temporal scales, provides on-the-fly local turbulent flame statistics, captures finite rate chemistry effects and directly incorporates turbulence-chemistry interaction. However, the approach is computationally expensive as it requires advancing an LEM-line in each LES cell. This paper introduces a novel turbulent combustion closure model for LES using LEM to address this issue. It involves coarse-graining the LES mesh to generate a coarse- level ‘super-grid’ comprised of cell-clusters. Each cell-cluster, instead of each LES cell, then contains a single LEM domain. This domain advances the combined advection–reaction–diffusion solution and also provides suitably conditioned statistics for thermochemical scalars such as species mass fractions. Local LES-filtered thermochemical states are then obtained by probability-density-function (PDF) weighted integration of binned conditionally averaged scalars, akin to standard presumed PDF approaches for reactive LES but with physics-based determination of the full thermochemical state for particular values of the conditioning variables. The proposed method is termed ‘super-grid LEM’ or ‘SG-LEM’. The paper describes LEM reaction–diffusion advancement, the LEM representation of turbulent advection, a novel splicing algorithm (a key feature of LES–LEM) formulated for the super-grid approach, a wall treatment, and a thermochemical LES closure procedure. To validate the proposed model, a pressure-based solver was developed using the OpenFOAM library and tested on a premixed ethylene flame stabilised over a backward facing step, a setup for which some DNS data is available. SG-LEM provides high resolution flame structures, temperature and mass fractions suitable for LES thermochemical closure. Additionally, it provides reaction-rate data at the coarse level, a unique feature compared to other mapping-type closure methods. Quantitative comparisons are made between the proposed model and time-averaged DNS data, focussing on velocity, temperature and species mass fraction. Results show good agreement downstream of the step. Furthermore, comparison with an equivalent Partially-Stirred Reactor (PaSR) simulation demonstrates the superior predictive capability of SG-LEM. Additionally, the paper briefly examines the sensitivity of the model to coarse-graining parameters and finally, explores computational efficiency highlighting the substantial speedup achieved when compared to the standard LES–LEM approach with potentially significant speedup relative to PaSR closure for the intensely turbulent regimes of principal interest. KW - LES KW - LEM KW - Combustion closure KW - Presumed PDFs KW - Splicing Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/13647830.2023.2260351 SN - 1364-7830 VL - 28 IS - 1 SP - 99 EP - 126 PB - Informa UK Limited ER - TY - GEN A1 - Doubiani, Nidal A1 - Oevermann, Michael T1 - Multiple representative interactive linear eddy model: Investigation of turbulence chemistry interaction and evaluation of progress variable definition and PDFs T2 - Fuel N2 - Improving the predictions of unsteady effects in combustion processes requires novel combustion models that include turbulence chemistry interaction effects. The Multiple Representative Interactive Linear Eddy Model (MRILEM) is an improved version of the previous RILEM variant. MRILEM utilizes a pressure coupling instead of a volume constraint to intrinsically include heat effects into the LEM line with no supplementary modeling. In addition, it advances multiple LEM lines in parallel to improve statistical fidelity. The pressure coupling of MRILEM generates a coupling effect between the LEM lines that assists in communicating the combustion process between the lines. The ”Spray-B” engine of the Engine Combustion Network (ECN) was simulated using MRILEM. While the original RILEM variation employs a straightforward Dirac δ-peak for the progress variable, a realistic PDF requires this function to extend over the entire space. The introduced MRILEM compares the utilization of two progress variable PDFs, namely a step function defined based on the mean and a β-PDF generated from the progress variable mean and variance. The progress variable variance was calculated based on the Pierce and Moin formulation with a RANS adaptation based on the integral length scale. In addition, two definitions of the progress variable are investigated, namely O2 and h298. A tabulation method is introduced for RILEM to reduce the computational time by advancing pre-generated LEM solution matrices constructed in mixture fraction Z and progress variable c spaces. The different variants of the model, i.e., MRILEM-βZ-Stepc, MRILEM-βZ-βc, TRILEM-β-Stepc, and TRILEM-βZ-βc were compared against experiments based on heat release rate, ignition delay, flame lift-off, and computational time. KW - Linear eddy model KW - Turbulence chemistry interaction KW - Probability density function KW - Tabulation Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2024.133445 SN - 0016-2361 VL - 381 SP - 1 EP - 15 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Doubiani, Nidal A1 - Oevermann, Michael A1 - Lucchini, Tommaso A1 - Zhou, Qiyan T1 - Numerical investigation of ducted fuel injection using Multiple Representative Interactive Linear Eddy Model T2 - International Journal of Engine Research N2 - Fuel-air mixing in non-premixed and partially premixed combustion has a major influence on soot emissions. Improving the mixing quality of the premixed region in non-premixed combustion upstream of the auto-ignition zone aids substantially in reducing soot emissions. The Ducted Fuel Injection (DFI) concept is based on injecting fuel inside a metal cylinder inside the combustion chamber at a certain distance from the injection nozzle exit hole. Although the concept is straightforward, recent studies have shown that implementing DFI in compression ignition combustion chambers dramatically affects soot mitigation. DFI improves air entrainment by a suction effect when fuel travels inside the duct, which increases the turbulence level at the inlet and enhances the fuel-air mixing quality. Additionally, DFI delays ignition by preventing the formation of stoichiometric regions at the spray cone’s outer region. This work utilizes a recently presented combustion model titled the Multiple Representative Interactive Linear Eddy Model (MRILEM) to simulate DFI in a high-pressure, high-temperature constant volume chamber. Several simulations are realized for two different ambient temperatures using an n-dodecane mechanism, where several parameters, such as ignition delay, lift-off length, and flame structure, are assessed. Simulation results are compared to experimental data from the literature and simulation results obtained with the Multi-Zone Well Mixed (MZWM) model simulation results. Results show that by enforcing the duct on the LEM line and modifying the turbulence implementation strategy, MRILEM shows overall realistic predictions for DFI cases and reasonable quantitative results for lift-off length and ignition delay compared to the MZWM model. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/14680874241298046 SN - 1468-0874 VL - 2025 PB - SAGE Publications ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hall, Braeden A1 - Schmidt, Kathleen A1 - Wagge, Jordan A1 - Lewis, Savannah C. A1 - Weissgerber, Sophia C. A1 - Kiunke, Felix A1 - Pfuhl, Gerit A1 - Stieger, Stefan A1 - Tran, Ulrich S. A1 - Barzykowski, Krystian A1 - Bogatyreva, Natalia A1 - Kowal, Marta A1 - Massar, KarlIJn A1 - Pernerstofer, Felizitas A1 - Sorokowski, Piotr A1 - Voracek, Martin A1 - Chartier, Christopher R. A1 - Brandt, Mark J. A1 - Grahe, Jon E. A1 - Özdoğru, Asil A. A1 - Andreychik, Michael R. A1 - Chen, Sau-Chin A1 - Evans, Thomas R. A1 - Hautekiet, Caro A1 - IJzerman, Hans A1 - Kačmár, Pavol A1 - Krafnick, Anthony J. A1 - Musser, Erica D. A1 - Vergauwe, Evie A1 - Werner, Kaitlyn M. A1 - Aczel, Balazs A1 - Arriaga, Patrícia A1 - Batres, Carlota A1 - Beaudry, Jennifer L. A1 - Cova, Florian A1 - Ďurbisová, Simona A1 - Cramblet Alvarez, Leslie D. A1 - Feldman, Gilad A1 - Godbersen, Hendrik A1 - Gottfried, Jaroslav A1 - Haeffel, Gerald J. A1 - Hartanto, Andree A1 - Isloi, Chris A1 - McFall, Joseph P. A1 - Milyavskaya, Marina A1 - Moreau, David A1 - Nosáľová, Ester A1 - Papaioannou, Kostas A1 - Ruiz-Fernandez, Susana A1 - Schrötter, Jana A1 - Storage, Daniel A1 - Vezirian, Kevin A1 - Volz, Leonhard A1 - Weisberg, Yanna J. A1 - Xiao, Qinyu A1 - Awlia, Dana A1 - Branit, Hannah W. A1 - Dunn, Megan R. A1 - Groyecka-Bernard, Agata A1 - Haneda, Ricky A1 - Kielinska, Julita A1 - Kolle, Caroline A1 - Lubomski, Paweł A1 - Miller, Alexys M. A1 - Mækelæ, Martin J. A1 - Pantazi, Mytro A1 - Ribeiro, Rafael R. A1 - Ross, Robert M. A1 - Sorokowska, Agnieszka A1 - Aberson, Christopher L. A1 - Vassiliou, Xanthippi Alexi A1 - Baker, Bradley J. A1 - Bognar, Miklos A1 - Cong, Chin Wen A1 - Danvers, Alex F. A1 - Davis, William E. A1 - Dranseika, Vilius A1 - Dumbravă, Andrei A1 - Farmer, Harry A1 - Field, Andy P. A1 - Forscher, Patrick S. A1 - Graton, Aurélien A1 - Hajdu, Nandor A1 - Howlett, Peter A. A1 - Kabut, Radosław A1 - Larsen, Emmett M. A1 - Lee, Sean T. H. A1 - Legate, Nicole A1 - Levitan, Carmel A. A1 - Levy, Neil A1 - Lu, Jackson G. A1 - Misiak, Michał A1 - Morariu, Roxana E. A1 - Novak, Jennifer A1 - Pronizius, Ekaterina A1 - Prusova, Irina A1 - Rathnayake, Athulya S. A1 - Romanova, Marina O. A1 - Röer, Jan P. A1 - Sampaio, Waldir M. A1 - Schild, Christoph A1 - Schulte-Mecklenbeck, Michael A1 - Stephen, Ian D. A1 - Szecsi, Peter A1 - Takacs, Elizabeth A1 - Teeter, Julia N. A1 - Thiele-Evans, Elian H. A1 - Valeiro-Paterlini, Julia A1 - Vilares, Iris A1 - Villafana, Louise A1 - Wang, Ke A1 - Wu, Raymond A1 - Álvarez-Solas, Sara A1 - Moshontz, Hannah A1 - Buchanan, Erin M. T1 - Registered Replication Report: A Large Multilab Cross-Cultural Conceptual Replication of Turri et al. (2015) T2 - Advances in Methods and Practices in Psychological Science Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/25152459241267902 SN - 2515-2459 VL - 7 IS - 4 SP - 1 EP - 38 PB - SAGE Publications ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lachmair, Martin A1 - Ruiz Fernández, Susana A1 - Brucker, Birgit A1 - Gerjets, Peter T1 - Approaching or just observing? The interplay of behavior and environment in the retention of pictorial details of ambivalent Nazi propaganda images T2 - Computers in Human Behavior Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2024.108503 SN - 0747-5632 VL - 164 SP - 1 EP - 9 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Buchanan, Erin M. A1 - Lewis, Savannah C. A1 - Paris, Bastien A1 - Forscher, Patrick S. A1 - Pavlacic, Jeffrey M. A1 - Beshears, Julie E. A1 - Drexler, Shira Meir A1 - Gourdon-Kanhukamwe, Amélie A1 - Mallik, Peter R A1 - Silan, Miguel Alejandro A. A1 - Miller, Jeremy K. A1 - IJzerman, Hans A1 - Moshontz, Hannah A1 - Beaudry, Jennifer L. A1 - Suchow, Jordan W. A1 - Chartier, Christopher R. A1 - Coles, Nicholas A. A1 - Sharifian, MohammadHasan A1 - Todsen, Anna Louise A1 - Levitan, Carmel A. A1 - Azevedo, Flávio A1 - Legate, Nicole A1 - Heller, Blake A1 - Rothman, Alexander J. A1 - Dorison, Charles A. A1 - Gill, Brian P. A1 - Wang, Ke A1 - Rees, Vaughan W. A1 - Gibbs, Nancy A1 - Goldenberg, Amit A1 - Thi Nguyen, Thuy-vy A1 - Gross, James J. A1 - Kaminski, Gwenaêl A1 - von Bastian, Claudia C. A1 - Paruzel-Czachura, Mariola A1 - Mosannenzadeh, Farnaz A1 - Azouaghe, Soufian A1 - Bran, Alexandre A1 - Ruiz-Fernandez, Susana A1 - Santos, Anabela Caetano A1 - Reggev, Niv A1 - Zickfeld, Janis H. A1 - Akkas, Handan A1 - Pantazi, Myrto A1 - Ropovik, Ivan A1 - Korbmacher, Max A1 - Arriaga, Patrícia A1 - Gjoneska, Biljana A1 - Warmelink, Lara A1 - Alves, Sara G. A1 - de Holanda Coelho, Gabriel Lins A1 - Stieger, Stefan A1 - Schei, Vidar A1 - Hanel, Paul H. P. A1 - Szaszi, Barnabas A1 - Fedotov, Maksim A1 - Antfolk, Jan A1 - Marcu, Gabriela-Mariana A1 - Schrötter, Jana A1 - Kunst, Jonas R. A1 - Geiger, Sandra J. A1 - Adetula, Adeyemi A1 - Kocalar, Halil Emre A1 - Kielińska, Julita A1 - Kačmár, Pavol A1 - Bokkour, Ahmed A1 - Galindo-Caballero, Oscar J. A1 - Djamai, Ikhlas A1 - Pöntinen, Sara Johanna A1 - AGESIN, Bamikole Emmanuel A1 - Jernsäther, Teodor A1 - Urooj, Anum A1 - Rachev, Nikolay R. A1 - Koptjevskaja-Tamm, Maria A1 - Kurfalı, Murathan A1 - Pit, Ilse L. A1 - Li, Ranran A1 - Çoksan, Sami A1 - Dubrov, Dmitrii A1 - Paltrow, Tamar Elise A1 - Baník, Gabriel A1 - Korobova, Tatiana A1 - Studzinska, Anna A1 - Jiang, Xiaoming A1 - Aruta, John Jamir Benzon R. A1 - Vintr, Jáchym A1 - Chiu, Faith A1 - Kaliska, Lada A1 - Berkessel, Jana B. A1 - Tümer, Murat A1 - Morales-Izquierdo, Sara A1 - Chuan-Peng, Hu A1 - Vezirian, Kevin A1 - Rosa, Anna Dalla A1 - Bialobrzeska, Olga A1 - Vasilev, Martin R. A1 - Beitner, Julia A1 - Kácha, Ondřej A1 - Žuro, Barbara A1 - Westerlund, Minja A1 - Nedelcheva-Datsova, Mina A1 - Findor, Andrej A1 - Krupić, Dajana A1 - Kowal, Marta A1 - Askelund, Adrian Dahl A1 - Pourafshari, Razieh A1 - Đorđević, Jasna Milošević A1 - Schmidt, Nadya-Daniela A1 - Baklanova, Ekaterina A1 - Szala, Anna A1 - Zakharov, Ilya A1 - Vranka, Marek A. A1 - Ihaya, Keiko A1 - Grano, Caterina A1 - Cellini, Nicola A1 - Białek, Michał A1 - Anton-Boicuk, Lisa A1 - Dalgar, Ilker A1 - Adıgüzel, Arca A1 - Verharen, Jeroen P. H. A1 - Maturan, Princess Lovella G. A1 - Kassianos, Angelos P. A1 - Oliveira, Raquel A1 - Čadek, Martin A1 - Adoric, Vera Cubela A1 - Özdoğru, Asil Ali A1 - Sverdrup, Therese E. A1 - Aczel, Balazs A1 - Zambrano, Danilo A1 - Ahmed, Afroja A1 - Tamnes, Christian K. A1 - Yamada, Yuki A1 - Volz, Leonhard A1 - Sunami, Naoyuki A1 - Suter, Lilian A1 - Vieira, Luc A1 - Groyecka-Bernard, Agata A1 - Kamburidis, Julia Arhondis A1 - Reips, Ulf-Dietrich A1 - Harutyunyan, Mikayel A1 - Adetula, Gabriel Agboola A1 - Allred, Tara Bulut A1 - Barzykowski, Krystian A1 - Antazo, Benedict G A1 - Zsido, Andras N. A1 - Šakan, Dušana Dušan A1 - Cyrus-Lai, Wilson A1 - Ahlgren, Lina Pernilla A1 - Hruška, Matej A1 - Vega, Diego A1 - Manunta, Efisio A1 - Mokady, Aviv A1 - Capizzi, Mariagrazia A1 - Martončik, Marcel A1 - Say, Nicolas A1 - Filip, Katarzyna A1 - Vilar, Roosevelt A1 - Staniaszek, Karolina A1 - Vdovic, Milica A1 - Adamkovic, Matus A1 - Johannes, Niklas A1 - Hajdu, Nandor A1 - Cohen, Noga A1 - Overkott, Clara A1 - Krupić, Dino A1 - Hubena, Barbora A1 - Nilsonne, Gustav A1 - Mioni, Giovanna A1 - Solorzano, Claudio Singh A1 - Ishii, Tatsunori A1 - Chen, Zhang A1 - Kushnir, Elizaveta A1 - Karaarslan, Cemre A1 - Ribeiro, Rafael R. A1 - Khaoudi, Ahmed A1 - Kossowska, Małgorzata A1 - Bavolar, Jozef A1 - Hoyer, Karlijn A1 - Roczniewska, Marta A1 - Karababa, Alper A1 - Becker, Maja A1 - Monteiro, Renan P. A1 - Kunisato, Yoshihiko A1 - Metin-Orta, Irem A1 - Adamus, Sylwia A1 - Kozma, Luca A1 - Czarnek, Gabriela A1 - Domurat, Artur A1 - Štrukelj, Eva A1 - Alvarez, Daniela Serrato A1 - Parzuchowski, Michal A1 - Massoni, Sébastien A1 - Czamanski-Cohen, Johanna A1 - Pronizius, Ekaterina A1 - Muchembled, Fany A1 - van Schie, Kevin A1 - Saçaklı, Aslı A1 - Hristova, Evgeniya A1 - Kuzminska, Anna O. A1 - Charyate, Abdelilah A1 - Bijlstra, Gijsbert A1 - Afhami, Reza A1 - Majeed, Nadyanna M. A1 - Musser, Erica D. A1 - Sirota, Miroslav A1 - Ross, Robert M. A1 - Yeung, Siu Kit A1 - Papadatou-Pastou, Marietta A1 - Foroni, Francesco A1 - Almeida, Inês A. T. A1 - Grigoryev, Dmitry A1 - Lewis, David M. G. A1 - Holford, Dawn L. A1 - Janssen, Steve M. J. A1 - Tatachari, Srinivasan A1 - Batres, Carlota A1 - Olofsson, Jonas K. A1 - Daches, Shimrit A1 - Belaus, Anabel A1 - Pfuhl, Gerit A1 - Corral-Frias, Nadia Sarai A1 - Sousa, Daniela A1 - Röer, Jan Philipp A1 - Isager, Peder Mortvedt A1 - Godbersen, Hendrik A1 - Walczak, Radoslaw B. A1 - Van Doren, Natalia A1 - Ren, Dongning A1 - Gill, Tripat A1 - Voracek, Martin A1 - DeBruine, Lisa M. A1 - Anne, Michele A1 - Očovaj, Sanja Batić A1 - Thomas, Andrew G. A1 - Arvanitis, Alexios A1 - Ostermann, Thomas A1 - Wolfe, Kelly A1 - Arinze, Nwadiogo Chisom A1 - Bundt, Carsten A1 - Lamm, Claus A1 - Calin-Jageman, Robert J A1 - Davis, William E. A1 - Karekla, Maria A1 - Zorjan, Saša A1 - Jaremka, Lisa M. A1 - Uttley, Jim A1 - Hricova, Monika A1 - Koehn, Monica A A1 - Kiselnikova, Natalia A1 - Bai, Hui A1 - Krafnick, Anthony J. A1 - Balci, Busra Bahar A1 - Ballantyne, Tonia A1 - Lins, Samuel A1 - Vally, Zahir A1 - Esteban-Serna, Celia A1 - Schmidt, Kathleen A1 - Macapagal, Paulo Manuel L. A1 - Szwed, Paulina A1 - Zdybek, Przemysław Marcin A1 - Moreau, David A1 - Collins, W. Matthew A1 - Joy-Gaba, Jennifer A. A1 - Vilares, Iris A1 - Tran, Ulrich S. A1 - Boudesseul, Jordane A1 - Albayrak-Aydemir, Nihan A1 - Dixson, Barnaby James Wyld A1 - Perillo, Jennifer T A1 - Ferreira, Ana A1 - Westgate, Erin C. A1 - Aberson, Christopher L. A1 - Arinze, Azuka Ikechukwu A1 - Jaeger, Bastian A1 - Butt, Muhammad Mussaffa A1 - Silva, Jaime R. A1 - Storage, Daniel Shafik A1 - Janak, Allison P A1 - Jiménez-Leal, William A1 - Soto, Jose A. A1 - Sorokowska, Agnieszka A1 - McCarthy, Randy A1 - Tullett, Alexa M A1 - Frias-Armenta, Martha A1 - Ribeiro, Matheus Fernando Felix A1 - Hartanto, Andree A1 - Forbes, Paul A. G. A1 - Willis, Megan L. A1 - del Carmen Tejada R, María A1 - Torres, Adriana Julieth Olaya A1 - Stephen, Ian D A1 - Vaidis, David C. A1 - de la Rosa-Gómez, Anabel A1 - Yu, Karen A1 - Sutherland, Clare A. M. A1 - Manavalan, Mathi A1 - Behzadnia, Behzad A1 - Urban, Jan A1 - Baskin, Ernest A1 - McFall, Joseph P. A1 - Ogbonnaya, Chisom Esther A1 - Fu, Cynthia H. Y. A1 - Rahal, Rima-Maria A1 - Ndukaihe, Izuchukwu L. G. A1 - Hostler, Thomas J. A1 - Kappes, Heather Barry A1 - Sorokowski, Piotr A1 - Khosla, Meetu A1 - Lazarevic, Ljiljana B. A1 - Eudave, Luis A1 - Vilsmeier, Johannes K. A1 - Luis, Elkin O. A1 - Muda, Rafał A1 - Agadullina, Elena A1 - Cárcamo, Rodrigo A. A1 - Reeck, Crystal A1 - Anjum, Gulnaz A1 - Venegas, Mónica Camila Toro A1 - Misiak, Michal A1 - Ryan, Richard M. A1 - Nock, Nora L. A1 - Travaglino, Giovanni A. A1 - Mensink, Michael C. A1 - Feldman, Gilad A1 - Wichman, Aaron L. A1 - Chou, Weilun A1 - Ziano, Ignazio A1 - Seehuus, Martin A1 - Chopik, William J. A1 - Kung, Franki Y. H. A1 - Carpentier, Joelle A1 - Vaughn, Leigh Ann A1 - Du, Hongfei A1 - Xiao, Qinyu A1 - Lima, Tiago J. S. A1 - Noone, Chris A1 - Onie, Sandersan A1 - Verbruggen, Frederick A1 - Radtke, Theda A1 - Primbs, Maximilian A. T1 - The psychological science accelerator’s COVID-19 rapid-response dataset T2 - Scientific Data Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01811-7 SN - 2052-4463 VL - 10 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 15 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Özgünoğlu, Mehmet A1 - Mouokue, Gerard A1 - Oevermann, Michael A1 - Bensow, Rickard E. T1 - Numerical investigation of cavitation erosion in high-pressure fuel injector in the presence of surface deviations T2 - Fuel N2 - This study investigates cavitation-induced erosion in high-pressure fuel injectors using numerical simulations, focusing on the effects of surface deviations, turbulence modeling, and a refined approach for the erosion assessment. The proposed erosion model combines advanced erosion indicators to enhance predictive accuracy while addressing limitations in existing methodologies. Cavitation dynamics are simulated with the modified Zwart–Gerber–Belamri model, employing Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) and Large Eddy Simulation (LES) approaches. Numerical results for a high-lift needle position are validated against experimental data, providing insights into erosion behavior in industrial heavy-duty injectors. Both Computer-Aided Design (CAD) and Tomography Scan (TS) models are used to evaluate the impact of surface deviations on erosion patterns. Results reveal that incorporating surface deviations reduces the vapor volume and alters the erosion patterns. LES simulations exhibit enhanced sensitivity to the surface deviations, capturing finer turbulence structures and local pressure fluctuations, whereas RANS provides reasonable accuracy with lower computational cost. KW - Fuel injector KW - CFD KW - Cavitation erosion KW - Surface deviations Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2024.134174 SN - 0016-2361 VL - 386 SP - 1 EP - 21 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Prodan, Anca Claudia T1 - Reflections on a (new materialist) conceptualization of sorbian digital culture T2 - LĚTOPIS – Zeitschrift für Sorabistik und vergleichende Minderheitenforschung N2 - Contemporary culture is characterized by the omnipresence of digital technology in all areas of life, all around the world. The Sorbs also use digital technology intensively, leading to the development of a Sorbian digital culture over time. However, this has not yet been researched, leaving many unanswered questions, the most fundamental of which is how to define Sorbian digital culture. This article offers reflections on this question by reviewing definitions of both Sorbian culture and digital culture. It shows that considering the material infrastructure of digital technology is a precondition for defining Sorbian digital culture. New materialism is introduced as a possible approach, and examples are provided to support this argument. KW - New Materialism KW - Digital culture KW - Digitization KW - Sorbian culture Y1 - 2024 UR - https://lětopis.de/letopis/article/view/45/46 U6 - https://doi.org/10.59195/lp.2024.71-45 VL - 71 (2024) ER - TY - GEN A1 - Prodan, Anca Claudia T1 - Academic playfulness or biography of an interdisciplinarian — A sketch T2 - Zeitschrift für Empirische Kulturwissenschaft KW - Interdisciplinary KW - Play KW - Lifeworlds KW - Biography Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.31244/zekw/2024/02.09 VL - 120 IS - 2 SP - 300 EP - 302 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Naumann, Matthias A1 - Schaal-Lagodzinski, Tamara T1 - Rural housing after the end of coal : the case of Boxberg (Upper Lusatia, Germany) T2 - Journal of Rural Studies N2 - Many rural areas are currently experiencing the effects of the transformation of energy systems. Consequently, these regions are faced with far-reaching economic and social challenges. However, in the vast literature on energy transitions, their impact on the housing market in rural communities has been relatively unexplored. This paper discusses the opportunities for, as well as constraints on, housing in Boxberg, a rural municipality in the East German lignite mining area of Lusatia. The decision to phase out the use of coal has affected the community’s housing market, leading to declining demand and rental property vacancies, on the one hand. On the other hand, public funding for coping with structural change has helped the municipality establish new economic activities and contributed to increasing demand in certain segments of the local housing market. Our research shows that the provision of local infrastructure and social cohesion in the municipality are decisive for both of these trends. Furthermore, our empirical findings illustrate the importance of having public institutions that have the resources to intervene in the housing market. Therefore, the question of what happens to rural housing after the transition away from coal is complete is also related to economic, infrastructural and political issues. Future research should consider linking the debates on energy transition and housing in rural contexts more systematically. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2025.103581 VL - 114 IS - Februar 2025 SP - 1 EP - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kruse, Moritz A1 - Balk, Maria A1 - Neffe, Axel T. A1 - Ben Khalifa, Noomane T1 - Processing of reactive acrylic thermoplastic resin at elevated temperatures for rapid composite and fiber metal laminate manufacturing T2 - Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials N2 - Thermoplastic polymers are increasingly being used as matrix materials for composites because they offer the advantage of recyclability and joinability over thermoset matrix systems. The polymerization kinetics and gas formation of different precursor mixtures of the liquid acrylic matrix system Elium® were investigated with different initiator contents and at different temperatures for accelerated processing of composites and fiber metal laminates. The mechanical and thermal properties of the resulting polymers showed no significant difference between the investigated parameters. However, the polymerization time was successfully reduced to under 15 minutes with higher temperatures and initiator contents in laminates with 1 mm thickness. In bulk polymerization and thicker laminates, the right parameters must be chosen to balance polymerization time and matrix heating to avoid gas formation leading to voids in the matrix. A combination of 75 wt% Elium® 130 and 25 wt% Elium® 190 with 1.25 wt% peroxide initiator at 50 °C was found to be optimal for reducing gas formation while simultaneously accelerating the polymerization reaction in 3-5 mm thick layers. KW - Polymethylmethacrylate KW - Polymerization kinetics KW - Thermoplastic composites KW - Elium KW - Fiber metal laminates Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1177/08927057251314411 SN - 0892-7057 VL - 2025 IS - 0 (0) SP - 1 EP - 19 PB - SAGE Publications ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tognoli, Emanuele A1 - Schricker, Klaus A1 - Bassolini, Elena A1 - Bergmann, Jean Pierre T1 - Influence of the eutectic interface on the fatigue behavior of friction stir spot welds of aluminum with copper T2 - International Journal of Fatigue N2 - The development of hybrid bonds between copper and aluminum is being pursued for reasons of cost, functionality, and weight, particularly in the field of electromobility, to achieve near net-zero emissions. Joining aluminum to copper is a challenge, as interfacial intermetallic compounds have a negative impact on the strength, ductility, and electrical properties of the joint. The development of brittle intermetallic compounds can be limited by targeted temperature control, making solid-phase joining processes particularly suitable. In this article, the fatigue behaviour of friction stir spot welded joints of copper CW004A and aluminum alloy AA1050A with probeless tools is studied. A melt film forms between the metals and the axial force displaces this film laterally, creating an intermediate layer of eutectic and Al2Cu in the joint area. The effect of this layer on the fatigue behaviour of the joint was investigated in this study. At high loads, failure occurs by a combination of Modes I and II with crack propagation in as well as around the bonding area, while at low loads only Mode I is observed. Typically, cracks origin at the spot outer diameter in aluminum, propagate at first in the laterally expelled melt and then through the aluminum sheet, causing unbuttoning. KW - friction stir spot welding KW - aluminum-copper welding KW - fatigue behavior KW - fracture propagation KW - intermetallic compound Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2025.108834 SN - 0142-1123 SN - 1879-3452 VL - 194 IS - May 2025 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - GEN A1 - Menon, Abhilash M. A1 - Kerstein, Alan A1 - Oevermann, Michael T1 - Investigation of coarse-graining parameters for super-grid LEM closure applied to LES of practical bluff-body flames T2 - Combustion Theory and Modelling N2 - Large Eddy Simulation (LES) coupled with the Linear Eddy Model (LEM) provides a robust method for studying turbulent combustion, but it is computationally expensive due to the need for highly resolved sub-grid LEM domains. These domains simulate sub-grid stirring through stochastic rearrangements of scalar fields, while large-scale transport is modelled using a Lagrangian ‘splicing’ scheme. To address the computational cost of LES-LEM, a super-grid (SG) framework for LEM closure was developed by the authors (Comb. Theor. Model. 28, 2024), which uses coarse-graining, on-the-fly chemistry tabulation and a presumed PDF approach to reconstruct thermochemical fields at LES resolution. This study applies SG-LEM to a challenging setup, Case 1 of the Volvo Validation Rig, which involves a bluff-body-stabilised turbulent premixed propane-air flame, as a stress test to identify limitations that were not revealed by the previous application, in particular that of the coarse-graining parameters used to generate the super-grid. The intent is to yield a more realistically constrained assessment of the current capabilities of the method, and insight into possible ways for improving it. Four simulations were conducted using three SG cluster sizes. The finest resolution was tested with a global 2-step mechanism, showing good agreement with experimental data for temperature and velocity, particularly near the bluff body. The two larger cluster sizes used a 66-step skeletal mechanism for more detailed chemical closure but led to unphysical quenching due to splicing inaccuracies. To mitigate these issues, two novel additions were introduced: an intra-cluster-stirring routine and a method to control SG cluster shapes to reduce numerical dissipation. These methods improved flame stability with coarser SG clusters and more detailed mechanisms. Comparison with experiments showed good agreement for temperature and velocity, though elevated CO levels were observed in the recirculation region. Potential methods for further improving SG-LEM's capabilities are discussed. KW - LES-LEM KW - Premixed flames KW - Stabilised flames KW - Turbulence modelling KW - Subgrid-scale closure Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/13647830.2024.2428156 SN - 1364-7830 VL - 2024 SP - 1 EP - 22 PB - Taylor&Francis ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gerling, Charlotte A1 - Drechsler, Martin A1 - Keuler, Klaus A1 - Leins, Johannes A1 - Schulz, Björn A1 - Sturm, Astrid A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - Effektivität und Kosteneffizienz von Artenschutzmaßnahmen unter Klimawandel - das Beispiel der Sumpfschrecke (Stethophyma grossum) in Schleswig-Holstein T2 - Natur und Landschaft Y1 - 2025 SN - 0028-0615-202501 VL - 100. Jahrgang 2025 IS - 1 SP - 2 EP - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hagemann, Nina A1 - Gerling, Charlotte A1 - Hölting, Lisanne A1 - Kernecker, Maria A1 - Markova-Nenova, Nonka N. A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Wendler, Julian A1 - Cord, Anna F. T1 - Improving result-based schemes for nature conservation in agricultural landscapes - challenges and best practices from selected European countries T2 - Regional Environmental Change Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-024-02324-2 VL - 25 (2025) SP - 1 EP - 15 PB - Springer ER - TY - GEN A1 - Błędzki, Andrzej A1 - Seidlitz, Holger A1 - Köhler, Mathias A1 - Urbaniak, Magdalena A1 - Demski, Szymon A1 - Boczkowska, Anna T1 - Reusing and recycling of composite wind turbine blades. A review of current practices and prospects. Part 4.** Novel academic research T2 - Przemysł chemiczny N2 - A review, with 21 refs., of new resins for manufacturing, repair methods and recycling possibility stds. for established end-of-life management published in last 2 years. KW - Polymer composites KW - Wind turbine blades KW - High-performance wind turbines KW - Repair and recycling methods KW - End-of-life management KW - World’s largest wind turbines Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.15199/62.2025.1.10 SN - 0033-2496 VL - 104 IS - 1 SP - 133 EP - 141 PB - Wydawnictwo SIGMA-NOT, sp. z.o.o. ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pflücke, Virginia Kimey A1 - Jacobsen, Heike T1 - Keine Zukunft ohne Kohle? : industrialistische Orientierungen gefährden einen geschlechtergerechten Strukturwandel in der Lausitz. T2 - Zeitschrift: PROKLA. Zeitschrift für kritische Sozialwissenschaft N2 - Der Artikel fragt nach den geschlechtsspezifischen Aspekten des Strukturwandels in der Lausitz. Anhand der Entwicklung des Braunkohlebergbaus werden die Auswirkungen des postsozialistischen Übergangs auf Frauen auf dem Arbeitsmarkt herausgearbeitet. Die Kohleindustrie beschäftigte in der DDR viele weibliche Arbeitskräfte; nach der Wende waren diese im Vergleich zu ihren männlichen Kollegen stärker von Arbeitslosigkeit betroffen. In den 1990er-Jahren verließen viele junge Frauen die Region, was jedoch nicht zur Intensivierung der Gleichstellungspolitik führte. Im Gegenteil herrscht bis heute ein starker Industrialismus vor und die geschlechtsspezifische Dimension des Kohleausstiegs droht ein zweites Mal vergessen zu werden. KW - Kohleausstieg KW - Arbeitsmarkt KW - Geschlechterverhältnisse KW - Energiewende KW - Lausitz KW - Industrialismus Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.32387/prokla.v53i212.2071 VL - 53 (2023) IS - 212 SP - 515 EP - 535 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vincze, Miklos A1 - Hancock, Cathrine A1 - Harlander, Uwe A1 - Rodda, Costanza A1 - Speer, Kevin T1 - Extreme temperature fluctuations in laboratory models of the mid-latitude atmospheric circulation T2 - Scientific reports Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-47724-2 VL - 13 (2023) ER - TY - GEN A1 - Agaoglou, M. A1 - García-Garrido, V. J. A1 - Harlander, U. A1 - Mancho, A. M. T1 - Building transport models from baroclinic wave experimental data T2 - Physics of Fluids Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0179875 VL - 36 (2024) IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 16 PB - AIP Publishing ER - TY - GEN A1 - Harlander, U. A1 - Schön, F.-T. A1 - Borcia, I. D. A1 - Richter, S. A1 - Borcia, R. A1 - Bestehorn, M. T1 - Resonant water-waves in ducts with different geometries: forced KdV solutions T2 - European Journal of Mechanics - B/Fluids Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euromechflu.2024.03.008 SN - 0997-7546 VL - 106 IS - July–August 2024 SP - 107 EP - 115 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Borcia, I. D. A1 - Bestehorn, M. A1 - Borcia, R. A1 - Schön, F.-T. A1 - Harlander, U. A1 - Richter, S. T1 - Mean flow generated by asymmetric periodic excitation in an annular channel T2 - The European Physical Journal Special Topics Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1140/epjs/s11734-024-01181-8 VL - 233 (2024) SP - 1665 EP - 1672 PB - Springer ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schön, F.-T. A1 - Borcia, I. D. A1 - Harlander, U. A1 - Borcia, R. A1 - Richter, S. A1 - Bestehorn, M. T1 - Resonant surface waves in an oscillating periodic tank with a submerged hill T2 - Journal of Fluid Mechanics Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2024.885 VL - 999 (2024) SP - 1 EP - 18 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Harlander, Uwe A1 - Kurgansky, Michael V. A1 - Speer, Kevin A1 - Vincze, Miklos T1 - Baroclinic instability from an experimental perspective T2 - Comptes Rendus Physique Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5802/crphys.198 VL - 25 (2024) SP - 1 EP - 48 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dadaczynski, Kevin A1 - Kaman, Anne A1 - Ravens-Sieberer, Ulrike A1 - Fischer, Saskia M. A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Sendatzki, Saskia A1 - Helmchen, Ronja M. A1 - Rathmann, Katharina A1 - Richter, Matthias T1 - Problematische Nutzung digitaler Medien und Gesundheitskompetenz von Schülerinnen und Schülern in Deutschland : Befunde der HBSC-Studie 2022 T2 - Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz N2 - Hintergrund Der digitale Alltag von Kindern und Jugendlichen ist durch eine hohe Nutzung sozialer Medien und digitaler Spiele geprägt. Bisherige Forschung konnte gesundheitsabträgliche Konsequenzen einer problematischen Mediennutzung aufzeigen. Hingegen wurden Zusammenhänge mit der Gesundheitskompetenz kaum untersucht, obgleich Rahmenmodelle Gesundheitskompetenz als Determinante des Gesundheitsverhaltens nahelegen. Methoden Dieser Beitrag greift auf Daten der repräsentativen Studie „Health Behaviour in School-aged Children“ (HBSC) in Deutschland aus dem Jahr 2022 mit n = 6475 Schülerinnen und Schülern zurück. Es wurden Zusammenhänge zwischen der problematischen Nutzung von sozialen Medien und der Videospielintensität sowie der Gesundheitskompetenz unter Berücksichtigung soziodemografischer und -ökonomischer Merkmale bivariat und multivariat untersucht. Ergebnisse Die Prävalenz der problematischen Nutzung sozialer Medien betrug 11,1 % und etwa ein Drittel gab an, mehr als 9 h pro Woche mit digitalen Spielen zu verbringen. Eine geringe Gesundheitskompetenz stand mit beiden Formen der Mediennutzung in signifikantem Zusammenhang. Zudem war die problematische Nutzung sozialer Medien mit einer weiblichen und genderdiversen Geschlechtszugehörigkeit, dem Alter von 13 Jahren, dem Vorliegen eines Migrationshintergrunds und der Zugehörigkeit zu einer anderen Schulform als das Gymnasium verbunden. Eine hohe Spielintensität war mit einer männlichen und genderdiversen Geschlechtszuordnung, der Zugehörigkeit zu den Altersgruppen der 13- und 15-Jährigen und einem geringen familiären Wohlstand assoziiert. Diskussion Die Ergebnisse liefern nicht nur Hinweise für die Identifikation von Heranwachsenden mit besonderem Präventionsbedarf, sondern betonen auch die Relevanz, die der Gesundheitskompetenz für das Mediennutzungsverhalten zukommt. Exemplarische Empfehlungen werden unter Rückgriff auf die internationale Literatur aufgegriffen. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-025-04008-6 SN - 1436-9990 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Franck, Max A1 - Dabrowski, Jarek A1 - Schubert, Markus Andreas A1 - Vignaud, Dominique A1 - Achehboune, Mohamed A1 - Colomer, Jean‐François A1 - Henrard, Luc A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Lukosius, Mindaugas T1 - Investigating Impacts of Local Pressure and Temperature on CVD Growth of Hexagonal Boron Nitride on Ge(001)/Si T2 - Advanced Materials Interfaces N2 - AbstractThe chemical vapor deposition (CVD) growth of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) on Ge substrates is a promising pathway to high‐quality hBN thin films without metal contaminations for microelectronic applications, but the effect of CVD process parameters on the hBN properties is not well understood yet. The influence of local changes in pressure and temperature due to different reactor configurations on the structure and quality of hBN films grown on Ge(001)/Si is studied. Injection of the borazine precursor close to the sample surface results in an inhomogeneous film thickness, attributed to an inhomogeneous pressure distribution at the surface, as shown by computational fluid dynamics simulations. The additional formation of nanocrystalline islands is attributed to unfavorable gas phase reactions due to the radiative heating of the injector. Both issues are mitigated by increasing the injector‐sample distance, leading to an 86% reduction in pressure variability on the sample surface and a 200 °C reduction in precursor temperature. The resulting hBN films exhibit no nanocrystalline islands, improved thickness homogeneity, and high crystalline quality (Raman FWHM = 23 cm−1). This is competitive with hBN films grown on other non‐metal substrates but achieved at lower temperature and with a low thickness of only a few nanometers. KW - Boron Nitride KW - 2D material Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202400467 SN - 2196-7350 VL - 12 IS - 1 PB - Wiley ER - TY - GEN A1 - Abdulghani, Tamer A1 - Winkler, Herwig T1 - Transition Towards a Green Future: Upgrading a Digital Decarbonization Maturity Model T2 - Procedia Computer Science N2 - Successful digital transformation, driven by structural changes resulting from climate change mitigation, requires a strategic approach to help organizations assess their current position in both digitalization and decarbonization efforts. Through expert focus groups, the “Digital Decarbonization Maturity Model” we developed in a previous study, has been upgraded. Additionally, measures and approaches have been identified within each dimension of the model. This model covers nine dimensions: decarbonization goals, business model innovation, customers and suppliers, products and services, employees, collaboration, processes and activities, data, and IT-infrastructure, -security and -technology, that present a holistic approach to reduce CO2 emissions in organizations. These dimensions are assessed against five maturity levels: beginner, adopter, integrator, innovator, and transformer, indicating various degrees of maturity within each dimension. These levels provide a pathway from beginner to more advanced level with respect to adopting digital technologies for the decarbonization goal. KW - Digital Decarbonization KW - Maturity Model KW - Digital Transformation Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2025.01.192 SN - 1877-0509 VL - 253 SP - 1303 EP - 1312 ER - TY - GEN A1 - König, Mathias A1 - Winkler, Herwig T1 - Montage im Wandel : empirische Ergebnisse der Digitalisierung T2 - Industry 4.0 Science N2 - Die Montage bildet einen zentralen Bestandteil der industriellen Fertigung und ist traditionell von einem hohen Anteil manueller Arbeit geprägt. Unternehmen sehen in der Digitalisierung eine große wirtschaftliche Chance. Im Fokus steht dabei, die Produktivität der Mitarbeitenden zu steigern und gleichzeitig die Lohnstückkosten stabil zu halten. Die Nutzung innovativer Technologien wird deshalb immer wichtiger, um diese Ziele in der Montage umzusetzen KW - 3D-Druck, Assistenzsysteme, Augmented Reality, Cyber-Physische Systeme, digitaler Zwilling, Digitalisierung, Maschinelles Lernen, Montage, predictive maintenance Y1 - 2025 UR - https://industry-science.com/artikel/montage-im-wandel/ SN - 2942-6154 VL - 41. Jahrgang IS - 1 SP - 42 EP - 49 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reiß, Franziska A1 - Ottová-Jordan, Veronika A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Moor, Irene A1 - Dadaczynski, Kevin A1 - Helmchen, Ronja M. A1 - Schierl, Theresa A1 - Sendatzki, Saskia A1 - Rathmann, Katharina A1 - Kaman, Anne A1 - Study Group Germany, HBSC A1 - Ravens-Sieberer, Ulrike T1 - Effects of the corona measures on the life of children and adolescents : results of the German HBSC study 2022 T2 - Journal of Health Monitoring N2 - Background: The containment measures of the COVID-19 pandemic have changed many people’s daily lives. The study examines how children and adolescents assess the impact of the coronavirus measures on various areas of life. Methods: Overall, N = 6,475 students (11 –15 years) in Germany took part in the representative ‘Health Behavior in School-aged Children (HBSC)’ study in 2022. Logistic regressions were performed to investigate the relationships between the perceived impact of the coronavirus measures on various areas of their lives by age, gender and family wealth. Results: Two years after the onset of the pandemic, children and adolescents reported both, positive and negative effects of the coronavirus measures. About a half of those surveyed perceived positive effects regarding social relationships. In contrast, approximately one in three respondents reported a deterioration in mental health and school performance. In particular, 11-year-olds, boys and wealthy students reported more often positive effects. Conclusions: The positive effects of the pandemic on the lives of children and adolescents in individual areas and the resilience (resistance) that is emerging here, as well as the results on more negative assessments of adolescents, girls and respondents with lower family wealth, can be used as a starting point for a needs-oriented and target group-specific health promotion in times of crisis. Future research should focus on the pandemic’s long-term effects on young people’s development. KW - HBSC KW - COVID-19 pandemic KW - children KW - adolescents KW - mental health KW - social relationships KW - Germany Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.25646/13002 SN - 2511-2708 VL - 2025 IS - 10 (1) ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cieślik, Iwona A1 - Seidlitz, Holger A1 - Duchna, Monika A1 - Zasada, Dariusz A1 - Kwaśny, Mirosław A1 - Adamczyk-Cieślak, Bogusława T1 - Chemical method of doping Inconel 713C powder with rhenium for 3D printed manufacturing. Influence of rhenium dopants on the microstructure changes T2 - Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering N2 - A well-known method of doping powders in the industry is mechanical alloying synthesis. This method synthesizes metal powders by grinding them in high-energy mills, which prevents the achievement of well-dispersed particles throughout the volume and control of particle morphology, size, and agglomeration. In the present work, rhenium doping of IN 713C was carried out in a polyester network system based on organic acids and diols with specially selected catalysts and experimental parameters leading to the complexation of Rhenium ions. In addition, neutral reagents were used in this research, contributing to the greening of many key industries. The obtained IN 713C powder with rhenium showed high dispersion without agglomeration effect and reasonable flowability. Depending on the polymerization process parameters, the morphology of the rhenium particles on the surface of IN 713C can be modified. The IN 713C powder, with and without rhenium, was used in the SLM process to fabricate IN 713C alloy samples. The study examines the effect of rhenium doped IN 713C on the microstructure and hardness changes of the alloy produced by the 3D-printing methods. This type of chemical modification methods can effectively enhance the hardness and affects the elongation of dendrites in the structure of IN 713C alloys manufactured by the additive methods. KW - Rhenium KW - Chemical doping KW - Inconel 713C KW - Microstructure KW - 3D printing Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s43452-025-01159-w SN - 2083-3318 VL - 25 IS - 2 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Popiela, Bartosz A1 - Günzel, Stephan A1 - Schukar, Marcus A1 - Mair, Georg W. A1 - Krebber, Katerina A1 - Seidlitz, Holger T1 - Impact of internal pressure control during manufacturing on residual stresses and safety performance of type 4 pressure vessels T2 - Composites Part C: Open Access N2 - Composite pressure vessels are commonly manufactured using the wet filament winding process, where various process parameters can influence the performance of the finished component. In this study two designs of wet filament wound 6.8-liter type 4 composite pressure vessels were manufactured. Both differ only by the internal pressure used during the filament winding, which primarily influences the residual stress state in the composite structure. An extensive experimental study was carried out, including 10 slow burst tests and strain measurements with fiber optic sensors. Significant differences can be observed in the performance of the two designs even though the used stacking sequence, materials and other manufacturing parameters are the same for both designs. A discussion of the differences in the behavior of both cylinder types is provided, including the strain distribution in slow burst tests and failure mechanism. KW - Residual stresses KW - Slow burst tests KW - Filament winding KW - Type 4 composite pressure vessels KW - Hydrogen Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100581 SN - 2666-6820 VL - 17 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shabani, Shima A1 - Breuß, Michael T1 - Semi-Monotone Goldstein Line Search Strategy with Application in Sparse Recovery T2 - arXiv N2 - Line search methods are a prominent class of iterative methods to solve unconstrained minimization problems. These methods produce new iterates utilizing a suitable step size after determining proper directions for minimization. In this paper we propose a semi-monotone line search technique based on the Goldstein quotient for dealing with convex non-smooth optimization problems. The method allows to employ large step sizes away from the optimum thus improving the efficacy compared to standard Goldstein approach. For the presented line search method, we prove global convergence to a stationary point and local R-linear convergence rate in strongly convex cases. We report on some experiments in compressed sensing. By comparison with several state-of-the-art algorithms in the field, we demonstrate the competitive performance of the proposed approach and specifically its high efficiency. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2503.13099 SP - 1 EP - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Alkhamis, Hanin A1 - Saretia, Shivam A1 - Schwanz, Susanne A1 - Machatschek, Rainhard A1 - Neffe, Axel T. A1 - Polak-Kraśna, Katarzyna T1 - Understanding the degradation and mechanical performance of hyperelastic polylactide copolymers through bulk and ultrathin film analysis correlation T2 - Polymer Degradation and Stability N2 - Appropriate degradation behavior of medical implants is essential, as early degradation of implanted biomaterials can lead to premature loss of mechanical integrity, causing complications such as inflammation and inadequate support during the critical healing period. Therefore, understanding the degradation of newly developed materials for in vivo applications is crucial. Here, we investigated the degradation behavior of blends from Poly[(L-lactide)-co-(ε-caprolactone)] and Poly(D-lactide) (PLLAcoCL/PDLA) in which stereocomplex crystals of the isotactic lactide sequences impart hyperelastic behavior. The PLLAcoCL/PDLA blends were studied through in vitro bulk degradation studies (in printed films and electrospun meshes) and in thin-films using the Langmuir technique. Chemical, thermal, and mechanical properties were assessed at different time-points, highlighting the effects of blends composition and stereocomplexation. The PLLAcoCL/PDLA polymer blend shows promising potential as a covering for expandable cardiovascular implants, offering high ultimate strains (up to >700 %), elasticity, stability, and minimal mass loss during the crucial early healing period (4 weeks). Mechanical data suggest that specific blend ratios, particularly the 95:5 ratio in electrospun meshes, maintained mechanical integrity longer than others (E = 5.7 MPa at week 9), which was reflected in the mass loss of meshes (remaining mass = 67 wt% at week 20). Lower PDLA content accelerated early degradation while enhancing oxidative resistance, whereas higher PDLA content slowed degradation but increased crystallinity. These findings emphasize how blend composition influences degradation rates, mechanical behavior, and stability. Findings highlight the role of composition in tailoring implant degradation and support predictive modeling for cardiovascular applications. KW - Biomaterials KW - Polylactide KW - Langmuir KW - Degradation KW - Implants KW - Hyperelasticity KW - Stereocomplexes Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2025.111267 SN - 0141-3910 VL - 235 SP - 1 EP - 15 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gardill, Markus A1 - Valenta, Václav A1 - Prasad, Srinivas A1 - Quevedo-Teruel, Oscar A1 - Ettorre, Mauro A1 - Sauleau, Ronan T1 - MTT-S Technical Committee Report: TC-29 on Aerospace Microwave Systems [MGA News] T2 - IEEE Microwave Magazine N2 - Provides society information that may include news, reviews or technical notes that should be of interest to practitioners and researchers. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/MMM.2024.3522144 SN - 1527-3342 SN - 1557-9581 VL - 26 IS - 4 SP - 95 EP - 99 PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stöckl, Florian A1 - Müller, Silvan A1 - Strand, Marcus A1 - Gardill, Markus T1 - Design and evaluation of a low-cost mount for attaching a laser tracker’s SMR to a robot flange T2 - Sensors N2 - Robot calibration and modelling measurements are commonly performed using a laser tracker. To capture three-dimensional positions, a SMR is attached to the robot. While some researchers employ adhesive bonds for this purpose, such methods often result in inaccurate, unstable and non-repeatable SMR positioning, adversely affecting measurement precision and the traceability of research outcomes. To address these challenges, we investigated alternative methods for attaching an SMR to a robot’s flange to achieve both accuracy and repeatability. Additionally, we analysed measurement errors introduced when using a tool to attach the SMR to the flange. As a solution, we developed a 3D-printed mount designed for attachment to the flange. The mount’s accuracy was evaluated by assessing its eccentricity and the repeatability of the SMR placement. Experimental results demonstrated that the mount achieved an eccentricity radius of 0.35 mm and repeatability inaccuracies of 𝑋=0.075mm, 𝑌=0.328mm, and 𝑍=0.485mm. These values indicate that the mount provides sufficient accuracy to support calibration processes, ensures research traceability, and serves as a viable replacement for adhesive bonds. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/s25010184 VL - 25 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 18 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Liu, Shengheng A1 - Mao, Zihuan A1 - Liu, Yiran A1 - Fei, Tai A1 - Gardill, Markus A1 - Huang, Yongming T1 - TRANM: Decoherenced DoA Estimation for Automotive Radar Using Generalized Sparse Arrays T2 - Signal Processing N2 - This paper tackles the challenge of coherent single-snapshot direction-of-arrival estimation in automotive linear frequency modulated continuous wave (LFMCW) radar using a generalized sparse array. By leveraging atomic-norm minimization (ANM)-based interpolation and Toeplitz rearrangement, a TRANM framework is proposed to address the rank-deficiency issue in the range-Doppler domain. To further enhance computational efficiency, we re-formulate the TRANM problem into an equivalent optimization with reduced dimensionality. The problem is then solved using the alternating direction method of multipliers, which provides an optimal solution via an iterative process. Numerical simulations validate that the proposed approach can accurately resolve coherent signals with improved degrees of freedom and achieve super-resolution, all while maintaining a low computational cost. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sigpro.2025.109895 VL - 231 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kahlert, Moritz A1 - Fei, Tai A1 - Tebruegge, Claas A1 - Gardill, Markus T1 - Stepped-frequency PMCW waveforms for automotive radar applications T2 - IEEE Transactions on Radar Systems N2 - Digitally modulated radar systems, such as phase-modulated continuous-wave (PMCW), often struggle with high bandwidth demands for fine-range resolutions, posing challenges for cost-effective automotive applications. To address this issue, we propose an stepped-frequency PMCW (SF-PMCW) radar waveform in which the instantaneous bandwidth of a single pulse is extensively reduced while the range resolution is beyond the theoretical limit imposed by the instantaneous bandwidth. The proposed waveform spans a synthetic bandwidth across multiple pulses, achieving range estimates comparable to those typically achieved with higher instantaneous bandwidths. Simultaneously, the requirements for analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) are relaxed. Simulations have been performed to demonstrate the performance. The results indicate that the proposed SF-PMCW waveform with an instantaneous bandwidth of 100 MHz can achieve range estimates as good as a PMCW waveform with an instantaneous bandwidth of 1 GHz. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TRS.2025.3528773 SN - 2832-7357 VL - 3 SP - 233 EP - 245 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Druzynski v. Boetticher, Alexandra A1 - Blokker, Johanna A1 - Claus, Sylvia A1 - Kirchengast, Albert T1 - ECA-Entwicklungsbauten in Stuttgart T2 - Deutsche Bauzeitung Y1 - 2024 IS - 11 SP - 42 EP - 48 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schötz, Enrico T1 - Resilience vs. survival : same song, new melody? T2 - Future Business Journal N2 - Does a firms resilience distinguish itself from its mere probability of survival in a way that justifies the expanding research? Answers to this question are found through a novel, systematic literature review focusing on the company’s life phase and its type of market exit. A comparison with current resilience literature shows that the concept of static resilience is closely related to survival probability considerations. It is suitable for examining indicators that act absorptive during disruptive phases of companies. The integration of dynamic resilience proves to be an achievement that sets the topic apart from pure corporate survival and develops it further. The close connection with innovative actions and differentiated results regarding its impact on survival probability jointly justifies the need for new measures of resilience for future empirical research. KW - Firm resilience KW - Business exit KW - Firm survival KW - Survival probability Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s43093-025-00427-8 SN - 2314-7210 VL - 11 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 29 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Szyndler, Joanna A1 - Härtel, Sebastian A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Machine learning of the dynamics of strain hardening based on contact transformations T2 - Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing N2 - Dislocation density-based models offer a physically grounded approach to modeling strain hardening in metal forming. Since these models are typically defined by Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs), their accuracy is constrained by both, the model formulation and the parameter identification process. Machine Learning (ML) provides an alternative by allowing models to be constructed directly from experimental data, bypassing the accuracy limitations of explicitly defined models. However, applying ML to ODEs introduces the need for novel training techniques. This work presents a new approach for developing neural ODE models for flow curve description, utilizing a contact transformation to simplify the problem of learning an ODE into a learning a multivariate function. Y1 - 2025 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10845-025-02577-6 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10845-025-02577-6 VL - 2025 PB - Springer ER - TY - GEN A1 - Morales, Carlos A1 - Pascual, Antonio A1 - Leinen, Dietmar A1 - Luna-López, Gabriel A1 - Ares, Jose R. A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo A1 - Soriano, Leonardo A1 - Ferrer, Isabel J. A1 - Sanchez, Carlos T1 - Reaction Mechanism and Kinetic Model of the Transformation of Iron Monosulfide Thin Films into Pyrite Films T2 - The Journal of Physical Chemistry C N2 - This work presents a comprehensive reaction and kinetic model of the pyrite thin films formation by sulfuration of Fe monosulfides when a molecular sulfur (S2) atmosphere is used. This investigation completes the results already published on the explanation and interpretation of the sulfuration process that transforms metallic iron into pyrite. It was previously shown that the monosulfide species (i.e., orthorhombic and hexagonal pyrrhotite phases) are intermediate phases in the sulfuration reaction. Based on experimental data we now show that the sulfuration of pyrrhotite to pyrite takes place in two distinct stages: (i) conversion of orthorhombic pyrrhotite to pyrite (Fe1–xSO → FeS2) while the hexagonal pyrrhotite (Fe1–xSH) phase remains unaltered, and (ii) final transformation of hexagonal pyrrhotite to pyrite (Fe1–xSH → FeS2). Both processes occur via interstitial sulfur diffusion through the previously formed pyrrhotite layer. Consequently, the monosulfide is sulfurated at the internal Fe1–xS/FeS2 interface. The reaction mechanism at each stage has been validated using the corresponding kinetic model to fit the experimental data on time evolution of Fe1–xS and FeS2 layers thicknesses and some of the film transport properties. The concluding global reaction mechanism proposed in some of our former papers and completed here (Fe → Fe1–xS → FeS2) can explain the resulting microstructure of the pyrite films (i.e., Kirkendall effect and formation of a porous layer in the film). Simultaneously, it also justifies the presence of intrinsic defects, such as iron and sulfur vacancies, and the accumulation of interstitial sulfur at the film grain boundaries. The conductivity of pyrite films is tentatively explained using a two-band model where the changes in the Seebeck coefficient and the S/Fe ratio during the pyrite recrystallization stage can be successfully explained. KW - Sulfuration KW - Phase Transition KW - Sulfur diffusion KW - Reaction kinetics KW - Intrinsic defects KW - Seebeck coefficient Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.4c08227 SN - 1932-7447 VL - 129 IS - 9 SP - 4724 EP - 4737 PB - American Chemical Society (ACS) ER - TY - GEN A1 - Morales, Carlos A1 - Tschammer, Rudi A1 - Gouder, Thomas A1 - Choi, YongMan A1 - Anjum, Dalaver A1 - Baunthiyal, Aman A1 - Krisponeit, Jon-Olaf A1 - Falta, Jens A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo A1 - Idriss, Hicham T1 - Stabilization of Ce3+ cations via U-Ce charge transfer in mixed oxides: consequences on the thermochemical water splitting to hydrogen T2 - Journal of Physics: Energy N2 - The work's objective is to enhance the generation of H2 via the thermochemical water splitting (TCWS) reaction over nanocrystalline mixed oxide Ce1-xUxO2. While CeO2 is the most active and stable known reducible oxide for the TCWS reaction, it is below par to make it practical. This has motivated many works to enhance its reduction capacity and therefore increase its activity. In this work the presence of both metal cations (Ce4+ and U4+) has allowed for the charge transfer reaction to occur (Ce4+ + U4+ → Ce3+ + U5+) and therefore increased its capacity to generate oxygen vacancies, VO (2 Ce3+ + VO), needed for the TCWS reaction. Test reactions on the polycrystalline mixed oxides indicated that small atomic percentages of U (<10 %) were found to be optimal for H2 production due to a considerable increase of Ce3+ states. Further studies of the Ce-U interaction were performed on thin epitaxial Ce1-xUxO2 (111) films of about 6 nm deep. In situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed clear evidences of charge transfer at low U content. Moreover, it was found that while increasing the content of U decreased the charge transfer efficiency it protected reduced Ce3+ from being oxidized. Our computational results using the DFT + U method gave evidence of charge transfer at 3.5 and 6.2 at.% of U. In agreement with experiments, theoretical calculations also showed that the charge transfer is sensitive to the distribution of U4+ around the Ce4+ cations, which in turn affected the creation of VO needed for water splitting. Our results point out to the important yet often neglected effect of statistical entropy (cations distribution in the lattice), in addition to composition, in increasing the density of reduced states and consequently enhancing H2 production from water. KW - cerium uranium mixed oxide KW - charge transfer KW - TCWS KW - In situ x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (in-situ XPS) KW - DFT KW - statistical entropy Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7655/adbad9 SN - 2515-7655 VL - 7 SP - 1 EP - 14 PB - IOP Publishing ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herglotz, Christian A1 - Palomino, Daniel A1 - Le Meur, Olivier A1 - Jay, Kuo T1 - Circuits and Systems for Green Video Communications: Fundamentals and Recent Trends T2 - IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems N2 - The past years have shown that due to the global success of video communication technology, the corresponding hardware systems nowadays contribute significantly to pollution and resource consumption on a global scale, accounting for 1% of global green house gas emissions in 2018. This aspect of sustainability has thus reached increasing attention in academia and industry. In this paper, we present different aspects of sustainability including resource consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, while putting a major focus on the energy consumption during the use of video systems. Finally, we provide an overview on recent research in the domain of green video communications showing promising results and highlighting areas where more research should be performed. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/JETCAS.2025.3540360 SN - 2156-3365 VL - 15 IS - 1 SP - 4 EP - 15 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shahirpour, Amir A1 - Egbers, Christoph A1 - Sesterhenn, Jörn T1 - Detection of energetic low dimensional subspaces in spatio-temporal space in turbulent pipe flow T2 - Springer Nature Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10494-024-00600-z IS - Volume 114 SP - 1017 EP - 1041 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Khosravani, Hadiseh A1 - Taghadom, Kambiz A1 - Jafari, Mitra T1 - Geothermal energy in Asia T2 - Encyclopedia of Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment N2 - Geothermal energy has been utilized worldwide for thousands of years as a sustainable and eco-friendly energy resource. The utilization of this form of energy can vary based on the existing resources and technologies attainable, whereby it may serve various objectives and assume diverse modes of application. Moving forward, a case study approach will be employed to examine the potential of geothermal energy in Asia. This investigative method will be utilized to explore the viability of this energy source in multiple nations throughout the Asian region. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-93940-9.00207-3 VL - 2024 IS - 2 SP - 321 EP - 330 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shafiee, Parisa A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Arellano-Garcia, Harvey T1 - Improving catalysts and operating conditions using machine learning in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis of jet fuels (C8-C16) T2 - Chemical Engineering Journal Advances N2 - Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) offers a promising route for producing sustainable jet fuels from syngas. However, optimizing catalyst design and operating conditions for the ideal C8-C16 jet fuel range is challenging. Thus, this work introduces a machine learning (ML) framework to enhance Co/Fe-supported FTS catalysts and optimize their operating conditions for a better jet fuel selectivity. For this purpose, a dataset was implemented with 21 features, including catalyst structure, preparation method, activation procedure, and FTS operating parameters. Moreover, various machine-learning models (Random Forest (RF), Gradient Boosted, CatBoost, and artificial neural networks (ANN)) were evaluated to predict CO conversion and C8-C16 selectivity. Among these, the CatBoost model achieved the highest accuracy (R2 = 0.99). Feature analysis revealed that FTS operational conditions mainly affect CO conversion (37.9 %), while catalyst properties were primarily crucial for C8-C16 selectivity (40.6 %). The proposed ML framework provides a first powerful tool for the rational design of FTS catalysts and operating conditions to maximize jet fuel productivity. KW - Jet fuels (C8-C16) KW - Machine learning (ML) KW - Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) KW - Operational conditions KW - Catalyst preparation Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceja.2024.100702 VL - 21 (2025) PB - Elsevier ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Saskia M. A1 - Macaulay, Peter J. R. A1 - Bilz, Ludwig T1 - Staff communication at school and student–student relationship quality in the classroom : direct and indirect effects on students’ experiences as bullies, bullied, and bully-victims T2 - International Journal of Bullying Prevention N2 - Bullying research is often based upon Bronfenbrenner’s socioecological model, focusing on contextual level aspects associated with individual bullying experiences. Thus, various relevant contextual determinants of bullying have been identified, including classroom climate and school climate. However, even if interpersonal relationships are defined broadly in the definitions of classroom and (especially) school climate, its empirical investigation is limited to student–student or student–teacher relationships. In the current study, we included aspects of teacher–teacher relationships in the analyses by investigating staff communication at school. We investigated the associations between staff communication, student–student relationship quality in the classroom, and students’ bullying experiences. In addition, we investigated if staff communication may be indirectly linked to students’ bullying experiences via student–student relationships in the classroom. The sample was drawn from 556 teachers (79% female, Mage = 50.6, SDage = 8.44) and 2,071 students (49% female, Mage = 13.63, SDage = 1.17) in 114 classes across 24 schools in Germany. Two-level- and three-level models were performed. Findings suggest that rivalry as an aspect of student–student relationships in the classroom (a part of the classroom climate) is associated with students’ bullying experiences as bullies, victims, and bully-victims. While staff communication is not directly associated with students’ bullying experiences, it is indirectly associated with it via rivalry in the classroom. The findings also show that staff communication at school is associated with student–student relationships in the classroom. The study has implications for school-wide anti-bullying measures that should also include teacher–teacher aspects, and that future research should endeavour to include both class-level and school-level contexts. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s42380-024-00283-0 SN - 2523-3653 VL - 2025 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bopp, Julian M. A1 - Conradi, Hauke A1 - Perona, Felipe A1 - Palaci, Anil A1 - Wollenberg, Jonas A1 - Flisgen, Thomas A1 - Liero, Armin A1 - Christopher, Heike A1 - Keil, Norbert T1 - Diamond-on-chip magnetic field camera for mobile imaging T2 - Physical Review Applied N2 - Integrated and fiber-packaged magnetic field sensors with a sensitivity sufficient to sense electric pulses propagating along nerves and a spatial resolution fine enough to resolve their propagation directions will trigger tremendous steps ahead in medical diagnostics and research. Nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond are best suitable for such sensing tasks under ambient conditions. Current research on uniting a good sensitivity and high spatial resolution is facilitated by scanning or imaging techniques. However, these techniques employ moving parts or bulky microscopes. Both approaches cannot be miniaturized to build robust, adjustment-free, hand-held devices. In this work, we introduce concepts for spatially resolved magnetic field sensing and two-dimensional gradiometry with an integrated magnetic field camera. The camera utilizes infrared absorption optically detected magnetic resonance (IRA ODMR) mediated by perpendicularly intersecting infrared and pump laser beams forming a pixel matrix. We demonstrate our scalable 3 ×3 pixel sensor’s capability to reconstruct the position of an electromagnet. In a reference measurement, we show an IRA ODMR sensitivity of 44 nT Hz−1/2. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.23.034024 VL - 23 SP - 1 EP - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kanzow, Christian A1 - Krämer, Fabius A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd A1 - Werner, Frank T1 - Variational Poisson denoising via augmented Lagrangian methods T2 - ETNA - Electronic Transactions on Numerical Analysis Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1553/etna_vol63s33 VL - 63 SP - 33 EP - 62 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Christof, Constantin A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Energy Space Newton Differentiability for Solution Maps of Unilateral and Bilateral Obstacle Problems T2 - SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1137/23m1597332 VL - 63 IS - 1 SP - 292 EP - 320 ER - TY - GEN A1 - De Marchi, Alberto A1 - Mehlitz, Patrick T1 - Local properties and augmented Lagrangians in fully nonconvex composite optimization T2 - Journal of Nonsmooth Analysis and Optimizaton Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.46298/jnsao-2024-12235 VL - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Borchard, Nicolas A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - Second-order conditions for spatio-temporally sparse optimal control via second subderivatives T2 - Journal of Nonsmooth Analysis and Optimizaton Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.46298/jnsao-2024-12604 VL - 5 SP - 1 EP - 36 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reiß, Franziska A1 - Ottová-Jordan, Veronika A1 - Bilz, Ludwig A1 - Moor, Irene A1 - Dadaczynski, Kevin A1 - Helmchen, Ronja M. A1 - Schierl, Theresa A1 - Sendatzki, Saskia A1 - Rathmann, Katharina A1 - Kaman, Anne A1 - Deutschland, HBSC-Studienverbund A1 - Ravens-Sieberer, Ulrike T1 - Auswirkungen der Corona-Maßnahmen auf das Leben von Kindern und Jugendlichen: Ergebnisse der bundesweiten HBSC-Studie 2022 T2 - Journal of Health Monitoring N2 - Hintergrund: Die Eindämmungsmaßnahmen der COVID-19-Pandemie haben den Alltag vieler Menschen verändert. Untersucht wird, wie Kinder und Jugendliche die Auswirkungen der Corona-Maßnahmen auf verschiedene Lebensbereiche einschätzen. Methode: An der repräsentativen „Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC)“-Studie haben 2022 bundesweit N = 6.475 Schülerinnen und Schüler (11 –15 Jahre) teilgenommen. Mittels logistischer Regressionen wurden Zusammenhänge zwischen den wahrgenommenen Auswirkungen der Corona-Maßnahmen auf verschiedene Bereiche ihres Lebens und den Faktoren Alter, Geschlecht und familiärer Wohlstand untersucht. Ergebnisse: Zwei Jahre nach Pandemiebeginn berichteten Kinder und Jugendliche sowohl positive als auch negative Auswirkungen der Corona-Maßnahmen. Bei den sozialen Beziehungen nahm etwa die Hälfte der Befragten positive Auswirkungen wahr. Dagegen gab etwa jede bzw. jeder dritte Befragte Verschlechterungen bei der seelischen Gesundheit und den schulischen Leistungen an. Vor allem 11-Jährige, Jungen und Befragte mit hohem familiären Wohlstand berichteten von positiven Auswirkungen. Schlussfolgerungen: Die in Einzelbereichen positiven Auswirkungen der Pandemie auf das Leben von Kindern und Jugendlichen und die sich hier abzeichnende Resilienz (Widerstandskraft) sowie die Ergebnisse zu negativeren Einschätzungen von Jugendlichen, Mädchen und Befragten mit niedrigerem familiären Wohlstand können als Ausgangspunkt für eine bedarfsorientierte und zielgruppenspezifische Gesundheitsförderung in Krisenzeiten genutzt werden. Gegenstand zukünftiger Forschung sollten die Langzeitfolgen der Pandemie auf die Entwicklung junger Menschen sein. KW - HBSC KW - COVID-19-Pandemie KW - Kinder KW - Jugendliche KW - psychische Gesundheit KW - Soziale Beziehungen KW - Deutschland Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.rki.de/DE/Aktuelles/Publikationen/Journal-of-Health-Monitoring/GBEDownloadsJ/Focus/JHealthMonit_2025_01_HBSC_CORONA.pdf U6 - https://doi.org/10.25646/12954 SN - 2511-2708 VL - 10 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, David A1 - Pisch, Marcus Franz Konrad T1 - Faire Verteilung von Medienerlösen im Sport : eine spieltheoretische Analyse am Beispiel der Premier League T2 - Betriebswirtschaftliche Forschung und Praxis N2 - Die Bedeutung der zentralisierten medialen Vermarktung von professionellem Sport und Sportereignissen ist stark gestiegen. Im Bereich des professionellen Fußballs ist es üblich, dass die Ligen ihre Medienrechte zentral vermarkten und dann die Erlöse an ihre Klubs verteilen. Aus sportökonomischer Sicht ergibt sich die Frage einer gerechten Aufteilung dieser zentral eingenommenen Erlöse, die im vorliegenden Aufsatz mittels der kooperativen Spieltheorie beantwortet wird. Am Beispiel der englischen Premier League wird erläutert, wie diese Anteile ermittelt werden können. Dazu wird eine Lösung entwickelt, um eine Koalitionsfunktion für eine so große Spielermenge praktisch zu konstruieren. Ergänzend wird gezeigt, dass die Gleichverteilung im Fall der Premier League leistungsgerecht ist. Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.wiso-net.de/document/BFUP__66a36ad3061d7593eeca51d8c41f4a9318cd33cd SN - 0340-5370 VL - 77 IS - 1 SP - 92 EP - 109 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Błędzki, Andrzej A1 - Seidlitz, Holger A1 - Köhler, Mathias A1 - Urbaniak, Magdalena A1 - Demski, Szymon A1 - Boczkowska, Anna T1 - Reusing and recycling of composite wind turbine blades. A review of current practices and prospects. Part 5**. New industrial projects. Wind energy in China T2 - Przemysł chemiczny N2 - A review, with 23 refs., of projects mainly from last 2 years currently commercialized by large consortia often in cooperation with academic teams. Many detail information about wind energy development and wind turbine blades recycling in China was delivered. KW - Polymer composites KW - Wind turbine blades KW - Currently project by large consortia KW - Wind energy in China KW - Comprehensive management methods Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.15199/62.2025.1.11 SN - 0033-2496 VL - 104 IS - 1 SP - 142 EP - 152 PB - Wydawnictwo SIGMA-NOT, sp. z.o.o. ER - TY - GEN A1 - Riedel, Ramona A1 - Schowarte, Julia A1 - Semisch, Laura A1 - Gonzalez Castano, Miriam A1 - Ivanova, Svetlana A1 - Martienssen, Marion A1 - Arellano-Garcia, Harvey T1 - Improving the photocatalytic degradation of EDTMP: Effect of doped NPs (Na, Y, and K) into the lattice of modified Au/TiO2 nano-catalysts T2 - Chemical Engineering Journal N2 - This study presents the photocatalytic degradation of the aminophosphonate ethylenediaminetetra(methylenephosphonic acid) (EDTMP) with a range of different doped nanoparticles (NP). The photocatalysts were based on TiO2 benchmark P25 and gold (Au) doped either with sodium (Na), potassium (K) or yttrium (Y). The synthesized photocatalysts were characterized via TEM, XRF, XRD, UV-DRS (band gap estimation) and N2-physisorption. Photocatalytic pre-screening at pH values of 3, 7 and 10 indicated highest o-PO4 release of EDTMP at pH 7 and 10 for NP either doped with K or Y. The results of LC/MS analysis showed that the NPs doped with 5 % Y (Au2/Y5/P25) resulted in the fastest degradation of EDTMP. The target compound was completely degraded within 60 min, 4 times faster than photochemical treatment of unadulterated EDTMP. Importantly, also the transformation products were accelerated by the photocatalytic treatment with Au2/P25 either doped with 5 % Y or 10 % K. The results of scavenger experiments indicated that the enhanced photocatalytic degradation of EDTMP is primarily attributable to the presence of hydroxyl radicals in the bulk and to a lesser extent to •O2− and electron-holes (h+) at the surface of the catalysts. The study demonstrates that the catalytic efficiency of TiO2 nanocomposites is significantly influenced by the choice of dopants, which affect particle size, band gap, and photocatalytic activity. Yttrium at low concentrations (i.e., 5 wt% Y) doping emerged as particularly effective, enhancing both the visible light absorption and h+ separation, leading to superior photocatalytic performance in the degradation of EDTMP. The Au content also plays a crucial role in enhancing the photocatalytic efficiency. However, the combination of Au and Na doping was found to be less effective for this photocatalysis in aqueous media, potentially due to larger particle sizes and insufficient dopant contents. In conclusion, the findings emphasise the necessity of optimising both the selection of dopants and the design of catalysts in order to enhance photocatalytic applications. KW - EDTMP KW - Nanoparticles KW - Phosphonate KW - TiO2 KW - Yttrium Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1385894725009088?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2025.160109 VL - 506 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Druzynski v. Boetticher, Alexandra A1 - Schmid, Stephan G. T1 - Geprägt von Hügelkuppen, Senken und Schluchten : die Erforschung der Stadtstruktur von Petra T2 - Antike Welt Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.herder.de/wbg-magazine/aw/archiv/2024/6-2024/gepraegt-von-huegelkuppen-senken-und-schluchten-die-erforschung-der-stadtstruktur-von-petra/ VL - 6/2024 IS - 6 SP - 14 EP - 18 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Höltke, Tim A1 - Bleicher, Achim T1 - Experimental and numerical investigations of a timber-concrete composite frame joint for high-rise buildings T2 - Engineering Structures N2 - This paper presents a recently developed joint for timber-concrete composite frames. The developed joint was studied in terms of its ability to transfer bending moments, normal and shear forces resulting in a frame structure under horizontal and vertical loads. Several aspects are taken into account during the development and manufacturing process such as the material-appropriate use and a simple assembly concept. A series of experimental full-scale tests, with extensive measurements, were conducted consisting of five test specimens to investigate the static properties of the joint construction. The focused properties are the bending and rotational capacity as well as a ductile beam-to-column connection. For all specimens beech laminated veneer lumber was used, varying the geometric dimensions of the column and composite beam as well as the concrete strength. In addition to the experimental investigations, a numerical model was developed and validated using local strains, global deformations and rotational stiffness. Relevant numerical input parameters, which were not determined experimentally, were investigated as part of a numerical parameter analysis. Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0141029625004250 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.120034 SN - 0141-0296 VL - 333 SP - 1 EP - 21 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sztorch, Bogna A1 - Pakuła, Daria A1 - Frydrych, Miłosz A1 - Romańczuk-Ruszuk, Eliza A1 - Osiecki, Tomasz A1 - Sedlitz, Holger A1 - Przekop, Robert E. T1 - SH-SSQ as a modifier for superior mechanical properties and improved plasticity of 3D printed PLA T2 - Scientific Reports N2 - This work confirms that the use of silisequioxanes in the modification of polymeric and composite materials to change their properties is possible in the range of low modifier concentrations, not exceeding 2.5%. This study investigates the impact of (3-thiopropyl)polysilsesquioxane (SSQ-SH) on the properties of polylactide (PLA) for 3D printing. Microscopic analysis using SEM and EDS mapping proved that SSQ-SH is well dispersed in the polymer matrix in the concentration range of 0.25–2.5 wt%, agglomerations were observed at 5 wt% concentration, which reduces the homogeneity of the material and is also reflected in the mechanical test results. Mechanical testing shows SSQ-SH enhances flexibility and toughness, with the most significant improvements observed at 1 wt% and 1.5 wt% concentrations. Specifically, elongation at break increases by up to 56% and impact strength by up to 37% compared to unmodified PLA. These results suggest SSQ-SH is an effective plasticizer, improving interlayer adhesion and reducing brittleness. The optimal SSQ-SH concentrations for maximizing mechanical performance and material integrity are 1 wt% and 1.5 wt%. Part of the produced samples was conditioned in a climatic chamber, it was observed based on DSC and XRD analysis that the crystallinity of the materials significantly increases after exposure to UV radiation, which is also confirmed by microscopic observations. This study highlights the potential of SSQ-SH in improving the performance of 3D printed PLA materials and efficient modification is possible even in the range of low modifier concentrations, not exceeding 2.5%. KW - Modified PLA KW - SH-SSQ KW - 3D printing Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-86365-5 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 15 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 14 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Beisegel, Jesse A1 - Ratajczak, Fabienne A1 - Scheffler, Robert T1 - Computing hamiltonian paths with partial order restrictions T2 - ACM Transactions on Computation Theory N2 - When solving the Hamiltonian path problem it seems natural to be given additional precedence constraints for the order in which the vertices are visited. For example, one could decide whether a Hamiltonian path exists for a fixed starting point, or that some vertices are visited before another vertex. We consider the problem of finding a Hamiltonian path that observes all precedence constraints given in a partial order on the vertex set. We show that this problem is NP-complete even if restricted to complete bipartite graphs and posets of height 2. In contrast, for posets of width k there is a known O(k^2 n^k) algorithm for arbitrary graphs with n vertices. We show that it is unlikely that the running time of this algorithm can be improved significantly, i.e., there is no f(k) n^o(k) time algorithm under the assumption of the Exponential Time Hypothesis. Furthermore, for the class of outerplanar graphs, we give an O(n^2) algorithm for arbitrary posets. KW - Hamiltonian path KW - Partial order KW - Outerplanar graph KW - Partial search order KW - TSP-PC KW - Parameterized complexity Y1 - 2025 UR - https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3711844 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3711844 SN - 1942-3454 VL - 17 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 24 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Holetzek, Tim A1 - Häusler, Andreas A1 - Gödde, Kathrin A1 - Rapp, Michael A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Holmberg, Christine T1 - The role of the installed base in information exchange among general practitioners in Germany : mixed methods study T2 - Journal of Medical Internet Research N2 - Background: Digitalization is steadily advancing on a global scale, exerting a profound influence on health care systems. To facilitate acceptance of the digital transformation, guiding principles emphasize the need for digital health structures to be person-centered and promote high-quality care. This paper examines the implementation challenges within the German health care system, with a particular focus on how change initiatives engage with existing infrastructures and organizational modes of health care delivery. This approach provides a framework for analyzing how established infrastructure determines new developments while also highlighting the procedural dynamics of change and the integration of innovations within existing information infrastructures. These established infrastructures are referred to as the installed base. Objective: The aim of the study is to examine the installed base encountered by the digital transformation within the German health care system by investigating information exchange practices among general practitioners (GPs) and their communication with other health care actors. Methods: A mixed methods study including a quantitative survey and semistructured qualitative interviews was conducted. The study sample consisted of all publicly accessible GP practices (N=1348) situated in the state of Brandenburg, Germany. The survey captured demographic data, communication practices, and perceived barriers to digitalization. The interviews explored experiences with digital applications. Quantitative data were analyzed using R (R Foundation for Statistical Computing), and qualitative data were managed and analyzed in MAXQDA (VERBI Software GmbH) through content analysis. Results: A total of 250 questionnaires (response rate 18.5%) and 10 interviews with GPs were included in the analysis. GPs primarily use the telephone (n=138, 55.2%, SD 24.64), fax (n=109, 43.9%, SD 25.40), or post (n=50, 20.2%, SD 9.46) to exchange information. Newer digital communication channels such as messenger applications (n=2, 0.8%, SD 0.72) and Communication in the Medical Sector (n=1, 0.5%, SD 0.97) play a minor role. We identified three intertwined clusters displaying diverse barriers to the digitalization of GPs' communication practices: (1) incompatibility issues and technical immaturity, (2) lack of knowledge and technical requirements, and (3) additional technical, financial, and time-related burdens. These barriers were perceived as significant deterrents to the adoption of digital tools, with older GPs more reliant on analog systems and more likely to view digitalization as a source of frustration. Conclusions: Newly established communication channels in the German health care system compete with the existing information infrastructure, which is deeply integrated into GPs' practice routines and care processes. However, this installed base has been largely overlooked in digital transformation initiatives. While newer channels hold potential, they often malfunction and are incompatible with long-established, individualized GP workflows. Addressing these issues rather than imposing coercive measures is crucial for increasing adoption. Incorporating health care providers' perspectives and aligning new channels with established routines can prevent frustration and facilitate a smoother digital transformation. KW - digital health; digital transformation; digitalization; general practitioners; health application; information and communication technologies; information exchange; Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.jmir.org/2025/1/e65241 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2196/65241 SN - 1438-8871 VL - 27 SP - 1 EP - 17 PB - JMIR Publications ER - TY - GEN A1 - Iashchenko, Iryna A1 - Schüttig, Wiebke A1 - Bammert, Philip A1 - Schneider, Udo A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Rattay, Petra A1 - Schneider, Sven A1 - Moor, Irene A1 - Pischke, Claudia A1 - Sundmacher, Leonie T1 - Can invitation systems increase participation in preventive health screening among adolescents? : an evaluation of a state-wide intervention in Germany using a difference-in-differences analysis of claims data T2 - European Journal of Public Health N2 - In Germany, routine screenings are used to monitor the health and development of children and adolescents, enabling timely discovery and treatment of health issues. One such screening, called J1, is recommended for adolescents aged 12-14 years, but participation is only 43%. In the state of Bavaria, a lack of awareness is the main reason cited for not attending. 'Your Ticket to J1' was an invitation system implemented across the state to inform adolescents about the screening. Our study investigated whether this intervention increased J1 participation and if its effects varied by family socioeconomic position (SEP). We used pseudonymized data from a large statutory health insurer from 2016 to 2018 and containing 267 650 observations. To investigate the effect of the intervention, we employed a difference-in-differences analysis at the individual level. Assuming parallel trends at the state level, we compared J1 participation rates between Bavaria and other German states before and after the intervention. We additionally stratified analyses by SEP. The intervention led to an increase in J1 participation by about 1%. In the stratified regressions, the effect size was larger for children from families with a lower SEP. J1 participation increased by about 4% among adolescents whose primary insured parent had the lowest occupational status. A state-wide invitation system had a small but statistically significant positive impact on J1 participation and might reduce socioeconomic inequities in healthcare utilization. Informing adolescents about J1 appears to increase participation, particularly among those from families with a lower SEP. KW - adolescent, child, germany, socioeconomic factors, health care use, prevention Y1 - 2025 UR - https://academic.oup.com/eurpub/advance-article/doi/10.1093/eurpub/ckaf026/8063708 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckaf026 SN - 1464-360X VL - 35 IS - 2 SP - 312 EP - 318 PB - Oxford University Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kakhani, Nafiseh A1 - Taghizadeh‐Mehrjardi, Ruhollah A1 - Omarzadeh, Davoud A1 - Ryo, Masahiro A1 - Heiden, Uta A1 - Scholten, Thomas T1 - Towards explainable AI : interpreting soil organic carbon prediction models using a learning‐based explanation method T2 - European Journal of Soil Science N2 - An understanding of the key factors and processes influencing the variability of soil organic carbon (SOC) is essential for the development of effective policies aimed at enhancing carbon storage in soils to mitigate climate change. In recent years, complex computational approaches from the field of machine learning (ML) have been developed for modelling and mapping SOC in various ecosystems and over large areas. However, in order to understand the processes that account for SOC variability from ML models and to serve as a basis for new scientific discoveries, the predictions made by these data‐driven models must be accurately explained and interpreted. In this research, we introduce a novel explanation approach applicable to any ML model and investigate the significance of environmental features to explain SOC variability across Germany. The methodology employed in this study involves training multiple ML models using SOC content measurements from the LUCAS dataset and incorporating environmental features derived from Google Earth Engine (GEE) as explanatory variables. Thereafter, an explanation model is applied to elucidate what the ML models have learned about the relationship between environmental features and SOC content in a supervised manner. In our approach, a post hoc model is trained to estimate the contribution of specific inputs to the outputs of the trained ML models. The results of this study indicate that different classes of ML models rely on interpretable but distinct environmental features to explain SOC variability. Decision tree‐based models, such as random forest (RF) and gradient boosting, highlight the importance of topographic features. Conversely, soil chemical information, particularly pH, is crucial for the performance of neural networks and linear regression models. Therefore, interpreting data‐driven studies requires a carefully structured approach, guided by expert knowledge and a deep understanding of the models being analysed. KW - Explainable AI KW - Germany KW - Google Earth Engine KW - HLS product KW - Remote sensing KW - Soil organic carbon Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/ejss.70071 SN - 1351-0754 VL - 76 IS - 2 SP - 1 EP - 18 PB - Wiley ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rivera-Palacio, Juan C. A1 - Bunn, Christian A1 - Ryo, Masahiro T1 - Factors affecting deep learning model performance in citizen science–based image data collection for agriculture : a case study on coffee crops T2 - Computers and Electronics in Agriculture N2 - Citizen science is an effective approach for collecting extensive data scalable for deep learning, although data quality is debatable. However, few studies have determined the factors associated with data collection that affect model performance and potential sampling bias. This study aims to identify the factors that significantly influence the performance of a deep learning object detection model in agricultural prediction tasks. To do so, we analyzed errors in a You Only Look Once (YOLO v8) model trained for counting the number of coffee cherries in mobile pictures. The model was trained with 436 images taken in Colombia and Peru collected by local farmers as a citizen science approach. We analyzed the prediction errors of the model using 637 additional pictures. We then applied a linear mixed model (LMM) and a decision tree machine learning model to regress the model’s error against predictor variables related to the following categories: photographer influence, geographic location, mobile phone characteristics, picture characteristics, and coffee varieties. Our results show the strong influence of photographer identity and adherence (whether the image collection protocol was followed or not) on model prediction error. Following the protocol can increase model performance from an R² of 0.48 to 0.73. Additionally, model performance varied significantly depending on photographer identity, with R² ranging from 0.45 to 0.93. In contrast, factors such as mobile phone characteristics (e.g., frontal camera resolution, flash type, and screen size), using the screen behind the branch to obscure other cherries, coffee varieties, and geographic location did not significantly affect prediction error. These findings demonstrate that data quality in citizen science–based data collection for enhancing model prediction can be achieved through straightforward and comprehensive protocols, customized volunteer training, and regular feedback from experts. Such measures collectively support the robust application of deep learning models in agriculture. Furthermore, this study demonstrated that any mobile device with a camera can contribute to citizen science initiatives, underscoring the potential and scalability of this approach in agricultural research. KW - Deep learning KW - Bias KW - Citizen science KW - Smartphone imaging KW - Coffee KW - Prediction Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2025.110096 SN - 0168-1699 VL - 232 SP - 1 EP - 13 PB - Elsevier BV CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kim, Yean-Uk A1 - Asseng, Senthold A1 - Webber, Heidi T1 - Spring frost risk assessment on winter wheat in South Korea T2 - Agricultural and Forest Meteorology N2 - Spring frost remains a major climatic risk for winter wheat production. However, frost risk is often overlooked in climate change studies, especially those that rely on process-based crop models. This study assesses the spring frost risk for winter wheat in South Korea using observed trial data, a process-based crop model, and a large ensemble of climate data. Trial data from seven sites across South Korea suggest that the extreme yield loss in the 2019/20 season resulted from a combination of a warm winter, which accelerated phenology, and a cool April, which led to several frost events around heading. Projections with a calibrated DSSAT-Nwheat model and a large ensemble of climate data (HAPPI) suggest that the risk of yield loss due to spring frost will increase in the southern region of South Korea. However, this risk can be reduced by switching to later-maturing cultivars to avoid spring frost. In contrast, while the risk of yield loss due to spring frost in the central and northern regions is not expected to increase significantly, it will persist and can only be reduced by introducing frost-tolerant cultivars. Extending this analysis to include losses from other major stressors and linking it to socio-economic analyses will be needed for developing long-term strategies to boost wheat production, enhance self-sufficiency, and ensure food security. KW - Winter wheat KW - Frost damage KW - Phenology KW - Crop model KW - Robust risk assessment Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110484 SN - 0168-1923 VL - 366 PB - Elsevier BV CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wen, Jianan A1 - Vargas, Fabian Luis A1 - Zhu, Fukun A1 - Reiser, Daniel A1 - Baroni, Andrea A1 - Fritscher, Markus A1 - Perez, Eduardo A1 - Reichenbach, Marc A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Krstic, Milos T1 - RRAMulator : an efficient FPGA-based emulator for RRAM crossbar with device variability and energy consumption evaluation T2 - Microelectronics Reliability N2 - The in-memory computing (IMC) systems based on emerging technologies have gained significant attention due to their potential to enhance performance and energy efficiency by minimizing data movement between memory and processing unit, which is especially beneficial for data-intensive applications. Designing and evaluating systems utilizing emerging memory technologies, such as resistive RAM (RRAM), poses considerable challenges due to the limited support from electronics design automation (EDA) tools for rapid development and design space exploration. Additionally, incorporating technology-dependent variability into system-level simulations is critical to accurately assess the impact on system reliability and performance. To bridge this gap, we propose RRAMulator, a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) based hardware emulator for RRAM crossbar array. To avoid the complex device models capturing the nonlinear current–voltage (IV) relationships that degrade emulation speed and increase hardware utilization, we propose a device and variability modeling approach based on device measurements. We deploy look-up tables (LUTs) for device modeling and use the multivariate kernel density estimation (KDE) method to augment existing data, extending data variety and avoiding repetitive data usage. The proposed emulator achieves cycle-accurate, real-time emulations and provides information such as latency and energy consumption for matrix mapping and vector–matrix multiplications (VMMs). Experimental results show a significant reduction in emulation time compared to conventional behavioral simulations. Additionally, an RRAM-based discrete Fourier transform (DFT) accelerator is analyzed as a case study featuring a range of in-depth system assessments. KW - RRAM Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microrel.2025.115630 SN - 0026-2714 VL - 168 SP - 1 EP - 10 PB - Elsevier BV CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cord, Anna A1 - Darras, Kevin A1 - Ogawa, Ryo A1 - Barbaro, Luc A1 - Gerling, Charlotte A1 - Kernecker, Maria A1 - Markova-Nenova, Nonka A1 - Rodriguez-Barrera, Gabriela A1 - Zichner, Felix T1 - Leveraging passive acoustic monitoring for result-based agri-environmental schemes : opportunities, challenges and next steps T2 - Biological Conservation Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111042 IS - 305 SP - 1 EP - 12 PB - Elsevier B.V. ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kaars, Jonny A1 - Dittrich, Fabian A1 - Mayr, Peter A1 - Hensel, Jonas T1 - Welding of 42SiCr treated by quenching and partitioning : mechanical properties of the HAZ and preheating proposal T2 - Welding in the world : the international journal of materials joining N2 - A 42SiCr experimental steel was heat-treated by the quenching and partitioning (Q&P) heat treatment to achieve a combination of high strength and ductility. The associated microstructure is characterized in literature by finely distributed martensite laths with a small volume fraction of retained austenite embedded. The goal of this work is to provide a comprehensive characterization of the mechanical properties of all subzones in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of welded 42SiCr-Q&P steel. Dedicated microspecimens were subjected to a specifically selected thermal cycle in a dilatometer and characterized by mechanical testing and microstructural assessment. One specimen series is dedicated to the assessment of the mechanical properties of the material after welding; another four specimen series represent some carefully selected strategies to mitigate adverse effects of welding. Tensile testing revealed a decrease in yield strength in the HAZ by up to 35%. The ductility of the material showed inverse behavior. Material in the supercritical zone shows > 2000 MPa of ultimate strength, but at the same time is very brittle. The most remarkable result showed that the embrittlement in the supercritical zone can be successfully mitigated by holding the material at temperatures in the range of 200–250 °C for 5 min upon cooling, resulting in a yield strength of around 1400 MPa along with a ductility of > 10%, restoring the desired property combination. This very promising observation suggests fusion welding of 42SiCr-Q&P might be possible by means of preheating, maintaining the superior mechanical properties of Q&P in the weld. KW - Quenching and partitioning KW - 42SiCr KW - HAZ KW - Welding KW - Tensile strength KW - Fracture strain KW - Hardness Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s40194-025-02032-3 SP - 1 EP - 13 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mercado-Uribe, Angel A1 - Mendoza-Avila, Jesus A1 - Efimov, Denis A1 - Schiffer, Johannes T1 - Conditions for global synchronization in networks of heterogeneous Kuramoto oscillators T2 - Automatica N2 - The Kuramoto model is essential for studying synchronization. In this work, we present sufficient conditions for global synchronization in networks of heterogeneous Kuramoto oscillators in the absence of homoclinic and heteroclinic cycles. The result is established by constructing a suitable Leonov function candidate for the Kuramoto model, which provides sufficient conditions for almost global synchronization in networks with acyclic and meshed topologies. The synchronization property is accompanied by necessary and sufficient conditions to guarantee the existence of equilibria, which are satisfied if the conditions for synchronization hold. The implications of the main conditions and their relationship with the network topology and parameters are discussed. Finally, the results are illustrated via a numerical example. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.automatica.2025.112180 SN - 0005-1098 VL - 175 SP - 1 EP - 11 PB - Elsevier BV CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spetzler, Benjamin A1 - Fritscher, Markus A1 - Park, Seongae A1 - Kim, Nayoun A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Ziegler, Martin T1 - AI-driven model for optimized pulse programming of memristive devices T2 - APL Machine Learning N2 - Next-generation artificial intelligence (AI) hardware based on memristive devices offers a promising approach to reducing the increasingly large energy consumption of AI applications. However, programming memristive AI hardware to achieve a desired synaptic weight configuration remains challenging because it requires accurate and energy-efficient algorithms for selecting the optimal weight-update pulses. Here, we present a computationally efficient AI model for predicting the weight update of memristive devices and guiding device programming. The synaptic weight-update behavior of bilayer HfO2/TiO2 memristive devices is characterized over a range of pulse parameters to provide experimental data for the AI model. Three different artificial neural network (ANN) configurations are trained and evaluated regarding the amount of training data required for accurate predictions and the computational costs. Finally, we apply the model to an antipulse weight-update process to demonstrate its performance. The results show that accurate and computationally inexpensive predictions are possible with comparatively few datasets and small ANNs. The normalized weight-update processes are predicted with accuracies comparable with larger model architectures but require only 896 floating point operations and 8.33 nJ per inference. This makes the model a promising candidate for integration into AI-driven device controllers as a precise and energy-efficient solution for memristive device programming. KW - RRAM KW - Neural network KW - Device model Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0251113 SN - 2770-9019 VL - 3 IS - 2 SP - 1 EP - 7 PB - AIP Publishing ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pomp, Caron T1 - Decarbonisation and new path development in the German lignite energy generation industry T2 - Economics of Innovation and New Technology N2 - Path development in Regional Innovation Systems addresses the issue of how new industrial paths can be supported in different regional settings, which is particularly relevant in the context of the green transition. This paper analyses the role of RIS in the transition to renewable energy in the three lignite mining regions in Germany. Data on cooperative research projects and installed renewable energy capacities are used to analyse path development in the case regions and how this is linked to path renewal in the lignite industry. The analysis shows that the firm that invested the earliest in renewables is located in the region with the densest cooperative network and the best overall RIS conditions, which is in line with the literature. However, the lignite industry is hardly connected to regional cooperative networks. Firm decisions related to national market and legal factors have a stronger influence on path development than the RIS in the lignite industry. This poses particular challenges for policymakers and adds a new perspective to the literature on path development. KW - Path development KW - Regional innovation systems KW - Energy transition KW - Lignite industry Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10438599.2025.2490571 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/10438599.2025.2490571 SN - 1476-8364 SP - 1 EP - 25 PB - Routledge, Taylor & Francis ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kot, Małgorzata A1 - Gawlińska‐Nęcek, Katarzyna A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo T1 - Prospects of improving efficiency and stability of hybrid perovskite solar cells by alumina ultrathin films T2 - Small N2 - Over the last few years, the influence of low temperature (≤80 °C) and, in particular, of room temperature, atomic layer deposited alumina (ALD‐Al2O3) on the properties of the underlying hybrid perovskites of different compositions and on the efficiency and stability of the corresponding perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is extensively investigated. The main conclusion is that most probably thanks to the presence of intrinsic defect states in the ALD‐Al2O3 and in the perovskite layers, charge transfer and neutralization are possible and the entire lifetime of the PSCs is thus improved. Moreover, the migration of mobile ions between the layers is blocked by the ALD‐Al2O3 layer and thus the occurrence of hysteresis in the current density–voltage characteristics of the PSCs is suppressed. Considering the uniform and nondestructive surface coverage, low thermal budget, small amount of material required, and short duration of the established ALD‐Al2O3 deposition on top of hybrid perovskites, this additional, but fully solar cell technology‐compatible, process step is most likely the most effective, cheapest, and fastest way to improve the efficiency and long‐term stability of PSCs and thus increase their marketability. KW - Perovskite solar cells (PSC) KW - Atomic layer deposition (ALD) KW - Photoelecton spectroscopy (PES) KW - Aluminum oxide Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202408435 SN - 1613-6810 VL - 21 IS - 12 PB - Wiley ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dulas, Dominik A1 - Witulska, Justyna A1 - Wyłomańska, Agnieszka A1 - Jabłoński, Ireneusz A1 - Walkowiak, Krzysztof T1 - Data-driven model for sliced 5G network dimensioning and planning, featured with forecast and “what-if” analysis T2 - IEEE Access Y1 - 2024 SN - 9783446425606 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3383324 SN - 2169-3536 VL - 12 IS - 5_Supplement SP - 50067 EP - 50082 PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) CY - München ER - TY - GEN A1 - Simon, Sylvio A1 - Taeschner, Dirk A1 - Rieder, Thomas A1 - Schneider, Robert A1 - Hernschier, Stephan A1 - Magister, Jan A1 - Fritsch, Tim A1 - Abbasov, Ilgar A1 - Turabov, Dashqin A1 - Globa, Svetlana T1 - Investigation in characteristics of belt conveyors and their idler rollers for coal-fired power plants T1 - Исследования характеристик ленточных конвейеров и их несущих роликов для угольных электростанций T2 - Safety and Reliability of Power Industry N2 - Belt conveyors are highly efficient systems used in mining and other industries to transport bulk materials, mainly brown coal and overburden, over distances ranging from short distances to several kilometres. For technical reasons, their operation is associated with noise emissions. During inspections and maintenance this can lead to increased noise exposure of employees. In the vicinity of residential buildings or in areas needing protection, exceeding the emission limits can lead to a temporary restriction of the operation of these high performance installations. Measures are required to reduce the noise impact primarily at the source or in the immediate vicinity. The acoustic and mechanical parameters are investigated on a test bench at the Technical University of Brandenburg (BTU) Cottbus-Senftenberg as part of the drive assembly tests in cooperation with LEAG. The stages of these tests are: Run-up test. In this test the supporting roller is accelerated under test load to a circumferential speed of 10 m/s and the sound pressure level is recorded. This makes it possible to calculate the sound emission as a function of the peripheral speed; Recording the geometry of the idler gear. An accurate description of the geometry of the idler housing allows conclusions to be drawn about the possible causes of excitation. The defined characteristics serve to quantify the acoustic effect of the driven rollers and derive specifications for use in belt conveyor systems. Based on the special requirements to the planned belt conveyor system, an adapted selection of low-noise idler rollers can be made at an early stage on the basis of specified parameters and confirmed test results. KW - belt conveyor KW - noise reduction KW - test stand KW - sound pressure level Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.24223/1999-5555-2021-14-3-125-133 SN - 2542-2057 SN - 1999-5555 VL - 14 IS - 3 SP - 125 EP - 133 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, David A1 - Pisch, Marcus Franz Konrad T1 - An improper solution to the flood cost sharing problem T2 - Economic Letters N2 - A model for sharing the costs of flood damage has recently been proposed in this journal (Abraham and Ramachandran, 2020). The suggested model is correct from a mathematical point of view, but unfortunately lacks economic coherence. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165176524001897 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2024.111706 SN - 0165-1765 VL - 238 SP - 1 EP - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Takam, Paul Honore A1 - Wunderlich, Ralf T1 - Numerical simulation of the input-output behavior of a geothermal energy storage T2 - Energies N2 - This paper studies numerical simulations of the input-output behavior of a geothermal energy storage used in residential heating systems. There, under or aside of a building a certain domain is filled with soil and insulated from the surrounding ground. Thermal energy is stored by raising the temperature of the soil inside the storage, and pipe heat exchangers filled with a moving fluid are used to charge and discharge the storage. Numerical simulations are required for the design, operation and optimal management of heating systems that are equipped with such a thermal storage system. They help to understand the storage response to charging and discharging processes, which depend crucially on the dynamics of the spatial temperature distribution in the storage medium. The latter is modeled mathematically by an initial boundary value problem for a linear heat equation with convection. The problem is solved numerically by finite difference discretization. Finally, the results of computer simulations are presented, which show the properties of the temperature distribution in the storage and its aggregated characteristics. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/en18061558 SN - 1996-1073 VL - 18 IS - 6 SP - 1558 PB - MDPI AG ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bonhage, Alexander A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Drohan, Patrick A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Raab, Alexandra T1 - An initial geopedological survey and description of historic raised beds in north-western Ireland T2 - Geomorphology N2 - Raised Bed (RB) field structures in northwestern Ireland are historical relics of widespread agriculture before and during the Great Famine in the mid-19th century. Their primary purpose was to improve drainage on shallow, waterlogged soils for cultivation of crops. Today, the undulating surface morphology created by the ridges and furrows remains visible in many locations, raising questions about how many of these historic fields actually still exist, whether they are mappable, and if their soils have undergone persistent anthropogenic changes. In this study, we analyse three different RB sites located in varying topographical positions and on different parent materials. High-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs) are created using UAV-based photogrammetry to analyse the surface morphology and model surface flow accumulation and wetness. Soils are analysed using trenches and surface samples taken from ridges and furrows. Our results indicate that satellite or aerial imagery alone is insufficient for reliably detecting RB sites, as the height difference between ridges and furrows is too subtle. Ridge spacing and furrow depth are best observed using high-resolution DEMs (<50 cm cell size). The modelled surface hydrology suggests that the drainage function of RB sites remains, with furrows retaining more moisture than ridges. This can have significant implications for microhabitat structures within RB fields, potentially influencing faunal species composition and abundance. Furthermore, we find significant differences in specific elemental concentrations between soils on ridges and soils on furrows, as well as differences in grain size distributions. These findings indicate a wide range of potential legacy effects present in RB fields that merit further investigation. KW - Soil Science KW - Geomorphology KW - Landscape History KW - Ridge and Furrow KW - Lazy Beds Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2025.109778 SN - 1872-695X VL - 481 SP - 1 EP - 12 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bonhage, Alexander A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Malik, Ireneusz A1 - Wistuba, Malgorzata A1 - Verschoof-van der Vaart, Wouter T1 - Land use legacy landforms at the UNESCO Heritage Site Tarnowskie Góry, Upper Silesia, Poland : stratigraphy, soils and age T2 - Geoarchaeology N2 - Metallurgy in Upper Silesia (Poland) has a long tradition of international significance, which was emphasized in 2017 when the historic silver mine in Tarnowskie Góry was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage site. The area consists of various anthropogenic landforms, the stratigraphy of which has hardly been studied so far. In this study, we describe five main morphological units: Unit I (RCH) and Unit II (RCH pit), resulting from charcoal production; Unit III (shaft) and Unit IV (shaft heap), resulting from mining; and Unit V (reference forest soil). The first four units are a variation of a Technosol with inherently different properties from the reference forest soil. Unit I exhibits typical properties of a relict charcoal hearth (RCH), whereas Unit II resembles a pit. Unit III consists of a mostly infilled mining shaft remain (MSR), characterized by relocated subsoil. Unit IV consists of material from the adjacent Unit III that has been dumped directly aside. The studied RCH was used no earlier than during the second half of the 17th century, probably between 1725 and 1813. The studied MSR was used most likely between the 3rd and 5th centuries, which is much older than described so far. Together, the units reflect the characteristic heterogeneity of soils in shaft mining and RCH areas. KW - Geoarchaeology KW - Mining Landscape KW - Landscape History Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/gea.22028 SN - 1520-6548 VL - 40 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - Wiley ER - TY - GEN A1 - Danila, Kevin A1 - Kunz, Philip A1 - Röntzsch, Lars T1 - Dynamic operation of low-temperature electrolyzer systems in modular large-scale chemical plants T2 - Chemie - Ingenieur - Technik : CIT N2 - As one of the main contributors to the greenhouse gas emissions worldwide, the reduction of emissions in chemical industry is indispensable. The production of hydrogen from renewable energy sources using water electrolysis can contribute to this goal. However, the dynamic character of renewable energy sources leads to major challenges regarding the dynamic operation of the production process. Here, a model of a modular low-temperature electrolyzer plant is presented. The effect of available time resolution of the source electricity as well as the impact of the integration time step is studied. With the presented model the positive effect of load-dependent operation of modular electrolyzer plants with fluctuating availability of source electricity on the total hydrogen output is demonstrated. KW - Dynamic simulation KW - Electrolyzer systems KW - Modularization KW - Renewable energy KW - Water electrolysis Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cite.202400140 SN - 0009-286X VL - 2025 SP - 1 EP - 11 PB - Wiley-VCH GmbH ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lamert, Kerstin A1 - Auer, Benjamin R. A1 - Wunderlich, Ralf T1 - Discretization of continuous-time arbitrage strategies in financial markets with fractional Brownian motion T2 - Mathematical Methods of Operations Research Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00186-025-00889-0 SN - 1432-2994 VL - 2025 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mahani, M. R. A1 - Nechepurenko, Igor A. A1 - Flisgen, Thomas A1 - Wicht, Andreas T1 - Combining Bayesian optimization, singular value decomposition, and machine learning for advanced optical design T2 - ACS Photonics N2 - The design and optimization of optical components, such as Bragg gratings, are critical for applications in telecommunications, sensing, and photonic circuits. To overcome the limitations of traditional design methods that rely heavily on computationally intensive simulations and large data sets, we propose an integrated methodology that significantly reduces these burdens while maintaining high accuracy in predicting optical response. First, we employ a Bayesian optimization technique to strategically select a limited yet informative number of simulation points from the design space, ensuring that each contributes maximally to the model’s performance. Second, we utilize singular value decomposition to effectively parametrize the entire reflectance spectrum into a reduced set of coefficients, allowing us to capture all significant spectral features without losing crucial information. Finally, we apply XGBoost, a robust machine learning algorithm, to predict the entire reflectance spectra from the reduced data set. The combination of Bayesian optimization for data selection, singular value decomposition (SVD) for full-spectrum fitting, and XGBoost for predictive modeling provides a powerful and generalizable framework for the design of optical components. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.4c02157 SN - 2330-4022 VL - 12 IS - 4 SP - 1812 EP - 1821 PB - ACS Publications ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schreckinger, José A1 - Mutz, Michael A1 - Gessner, Mark O. A1 - Gerull, Linda A1 - Frossard, Aline T1 - Fundamental shifts in soil and sediment microbial communities and functions during 10 year of early catchment succession T2 - Soil Biology and Biochemistry KW - Microbial community structure KW - Bacteria Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2025.109713 SN - 0038-0717 VL - 203 SP - 1 EP - 11 PB - Elsevier BV CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fritscher, Markus A1 - Uhlmann, Max A1 - Ostrovskyy, Philip A1 - Reiser, Daniel A1 - Chen, Junchao A1 - Wen, Jianan A1 - Schulze, Carsten A1 - Kahmen, Gerhard A1 - Fey, Dietmar A1 - Reichenbach, Marc A1 - Krstic, Milos A1 - Wenger, Christian ED - Wenger, Christian T1 - RISC-V CPU design using RRAM-CMOS standard cells T2 - IEEE transactions on very large scale integration (VLSI) systems N2 - The breakdown of Dennard scaling has been the driver for many innovations such as multicore CPUs and has fueled the research into novel devices such as resistive random access memory (RRAM). These devices might be a means to extend the scalability of integrated circuits since they allow for fast and nonvolatile operation. Unfortunately, large analog circuits need to be designed and integrated in order to benefit from these cells, hindering the implementation of large systems. This work elaborates on a novel solution, namely, creating digital standard cells utilizing RRAM devices. Albeit this approach can be used both for small gates and large macroblocks, we illustrate it for a 2T2R-cell. Since RRAM devices can be vertically stacked with transistors, this enables us to construct a nand standard cell, which merely consumes the area of two transistors. This leads to a 25% area reduction compared to an equivalent CMOS nand gate. We illustrate achievable area savings with a half-adder circuit and integrate this novel cell into a digital standard cell library. A synthesized RISC-V core using RRAM-based cells results in a 10.7% smaller area than the equivalent design using standard CMOS gates. KW - RRAM KW - Logic gates Y1 - 2025 UR - https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10960690 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TVLSI.2025.3554476 SN - 1063-8210 SP - 1 EP - 9 PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) CY - New York ER - TY - GEN A1 - Strandberg, Ursula A1 - Parmar, Tarn Preet A1 - Bhavsar, Satyendra P. A1 - Creed, Irena F. A1 - Arts, Michael T. T1 - Lake depth influences mercury and omega-3 levels in Walleye via resource utilization shifts T2 - Environmental Research N2 - Elevated mercury levels in fish are correlated with their body size and trophic position, and with environmental parameters (e.g., catchment and lake properties). Much less is known how the variation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in fish is intertwined with environmental variables and mercury levels. We studied the linkages between catchment and lake properties and the variation of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexanenoic acid (DHA) and mercury levels in Walleye (Percidae, Sander vitreus) from 30 lakes in the Province of Ontario, Canada. Walleye mercury and DHA levels correlated with fish length; thus, we used length-standardized mass fractions in the correlation analyses of lake and catchment properties and the intraspecific variation of mercury, EPA and DHA in Walleye. Overall, the data indicated that mercury, EPA and DHA levels in Walleye are linked to habitat availability, i.e., relative abundance of pelagic vs. littoral areas, and consequently, to differences of the reliance on pelagic vs. littoral or benthic food webs. The length-standardized mass fractions of mercury, EPA, and DHA increased with increasing maximum depth of a lake, which explained 35% of the total variation. Habitat availability may be integral in determining the foraging grounds and diet selection of Walleye, which in turn is linked with muscle EPA, DHA, and mercury levels, as well as the risk and benefits of consuming Walleye for humans. Thus, the findings have direct applicability to informing lake-specific consumption advisories for Walleye. KW - Biomarkers KW - Sander vitreus KW - Ontario Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2025.121177 SN - 0013-9351 VL - 272 SP - 1 EP - 10 PB - Elsevier BV CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Strobel, Carsten A1 - Chavarin, Carlos A. A1 - Knaut, Martin A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Heinzig, André A1 - Mikolajick, Thomas T1 - Demonstration of a graphene adjustable‐barriers phototransistor with tunable ultra‐high responsivity T2 - Advanced Optical Materials N2 - The development of high‐speed dual‐band photodetectors with high responsivity is important for several applications such as optical communication, biomedical imaging or spectroscopy. In this work, a phototransistor with ultra‐high responsivity is demonstrated, which potentially also allows for very high bandwidths. The device is called graphene adjustable‐barriers phototransistor and is potentially capable for dual‐band detection in the visible‐infrared (VIS‐IR) range. A material combination of intrinsic hydrogenated amorphous silicon, graphene, and n‐type germanium (n‐Ge) is used for the demonstrator. The device operation is based on the light induced modulation of the graphene Fermi energy level and Schottky barrier heights. For the first time, the functional mechanism of the device is successfully demonstrated in the VIS range with responsivities exceeding 107 A/W at a gate voltage of 20V. The bandwidth of the device is 1.2 kHz and is so far limited by the defective gate material hydrogenated amorphous silicon and relaxed feature sizes of the demonstrator. These results are an important step toward a new generation of high‐responsivity high‐speed photo detection devices. KW - Graphene KW - Detector Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/adom.202500344 SN - 2195-1071 SP - 1 EP - 9 PB - Wiley-VCH GmbH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shezad, Nasir A1 - Safdar, Muddasar A1 - Arellano-Garcia, Harvey A1 - Tai, Cheuk-Wai A1 - Chen, Shaojiang A1 - Seo, Dong-Kyun A1 - You, Shujie A1 - Vomiero, Alberto A1 - Akhtar, Farid T1 - Deciphering the role of APTES in tuning the metal support interaction of NiO nanolayers over hierarchical zeolite 13X for CO2 methanation T2 - Carbon Capture Science & Technology N2 - The development of robust nickel catalysts on porous substrates offers great potential for converting carbon dioxide (CO2) into methane, thereby helping to address the global warming and sustainability challenges. This study investigates the dispersion and stability of Ni nanolayers by grafting bifunctional groups over the hierarchical zeolite 13X (h13X) support using (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES). The Ni nanolayers, with a thickness of 1.5-7 nm, were deposited around the edges of h13X and analyzed using STEM imaging. A clear shift in the binding energies was observed by XPS analysis, substantiating the enhanced metalsupport interaction (MSI) between NiO and h13X. The influence of reaction temperature on APTES incorporation into h13X was revealed by H2-TPR and CO2-TPD, with notable variations in the reducibility and surface basicity profiles of the catalysts. The optimized catalyst exhibited CO2 conversion of 61% with CH4 selectivity of 97% under GHSV of 60,000 mlgCat-1h-1 at 400 oC and 1 bar and demonstrated robust stability over a period of 150 h without discernible degradation. The enhanced performance could be attributed to the strengthened MSI and reduced size of Ni nanolayers over h13X. These findings highlight the development of robust heterogeneous catalysts by changing the surface chemistry of support material for various catalytic applications. KW - CO2 methanation KW - Catalyst stability KW - Metal-support interaction KW - APTES functionalization KW - Nickel nanolayers KW - Hierarchical zeolite Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772656825000636 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100424 VL - 15 SP - 1 EP - 11 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kot, Małgorzata A1 - Gawlińska‐Nęcek, Katarzyna A1 - Pożarowska, Emilia A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Schmeißer, Dieter T1 - Photosensitivity and carrier densities of perovskite solar absorbers T2 - Advanced science N2 - Dark and light current–voltage characteristics of perovskite solar absorbers are analyzed in terms of their carrier densities. The analysis reveals p‐type large polarons as a dominant carrier type in the investigated perovskite solar cells. The mechanism causing photosensitivity is attributed to the dissociation (and pairing) of bipolarons to large polarons (and vice versa) that are controlled by the internal potential Γ. As an example, the polaron concept is tested for a formamidinium lead triiodide perovskite solar cell. The individual steps of the data analysis are demonstrated and determine the ionicity factor of this perovskite film, quantify the density of the large polarons, and predict the gain and loss of photo‐induced carriers. It is deduced that a reversible light‐on/off operation can only occur when the bias voltage never exceeds a critical value of the internal potential. The results gained in this study suggest that the novel analysis can be successively applied on different hybrid perovskite materials, too. KW - Bipolarons KW - Ionicity factor KW - Large polarons KW - Perovskite solar cells Y1 - 2025 UR - https://advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/advs.202412711 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202412711 SN - 2198-3844 VL - 12 IS - 16 SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - Wiley CY - Hobken, New Jersey ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kuebart, Andreas A1 - Santini, Erica A1 - Forrer, Valentina T1 - No islands of entrepreneurship : mapping the trans-local dimension of entrepreneurial ecosystems through networks of accelerator participation T2 - Small business economics : an entrepreneurship journal N2 - This paper explores the geography of entrepreneurial ecosystems (EEs) and provides a typology of how EEs are connected trans-locally. Although the literature has mainly focused on the place-specificities of EEs, there is limited research on the trans-local connections established by entrepreneurial support organizations (ESOs) that foster exogenous dynamics. Exploiting a longitudinal dataset of European startups participating in accelerator programs embedded within EEs, this study disentangles patterns of temporary relocation and maps the centrality of EEs through both network and cluster analysis. Our results support the notion of startups being locally embedded but also emphasize the flow of knowledge and resource exchange across different EEs. Eventually, the spatial network of temporary relocations highlights a mix of EE profiles, indicating that trans-local exchange through accelerator participation is the norm rather than the exception within EEs. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the interconnectedness of EEs and the role of accelerators in facilitating and shaping trans-local entrepreneurial activities. KW - Entrepreneurial ecosystems KW - Accelerators KW - Entrepreneurial support organizations KW - Spatial network analysis KW - Trans-local entrepreneurship Y1 - 2025 UR - https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11187-025-01026-1.pdf U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-025-01026-1 SN - 1573-0913 SP - 1 EP - 16 PB - Springer Science + Business Media B.V ER - TY - GEN A1 - Losacker, Sebastian A1 - Kuebart, Andreas T1 - Introducing sequence analysis to economic geography T2 - Progress in economic geography N2 - In this short paper, we introduce sequence analysis methods to economic geography. Sequence analysis is a rich set of research methods that is widely used to analyze temporal variance in several disciplines in the social sciences, including sociology, demography and employment research. However, the toolbox of sequence methods has yet to gain significant attention among economic geographers. Sequence analysis methods can be used to analyze and understand patterns and structures of various phenomena over time. It employs mathematical and statistical techniques to study the sequential order, duration, and transitions between temporal conditions. We argue that sequence analysis holds great potential for advancing research in (evolutionary) economic geography. In the paper, we explain how to use sequence analysis, we ponder on empirical applications for research in economic geography, and we demonstrate its applicability in a use case. We also provide a reproducible R script and manual for the use case in the online appendix. KW - Sequence analysis KW - Spatio-temporal data KW - Time geography KW - Evolutionary economic geography Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.peg.2024.100012 SN - 2949-6942 VL - 2 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Morales, Carlos A1 - Gertig, Max A1 - Kot, Małgorzata A1 - Alvarado, Carlos A1 - Schubert, Markus Andreas A1 - Zoellner, Marvin Hartwig A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo T1 - In situ X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy study of atomic layer deposited cerium oxide on SiO₂ : substrate influence on the reaction mechanism during the early stages of growth T2 - Advanced materials interfaces N2 - Thermal atomic layer deposition (ALD) of cerium oxide using commercial Ce(thd)4 precursor and O3 on SiO2 substrates is studied employing in‐situ X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The system presents a complex growth behavior determined by the change in the reaction mechanism when the precursor interacts with the substrate or the cerium oxide surface. During the first growth stage, non‐ALD side reactions promoted by the substrate affect the growth per cycle, the amount of carbon residue on the surface, and the oxidation degree of cerium oxide. On the contrary, the second growth stage is characterized by a constant growth per cycle in good agreement with the literature, low carbon residues, and almost fully oxidized cerium oxide films. This distinction between two growth regimes is not unique to the CeOx/SiO2 system but can be generalized to other metal oxide substrates. Furthermore, the film growth deviates from the ideal layer‐by‐layer mode, forming micrometric inhomogeneous and defective flakes that eventually coalesce for deposit thicknesses above 10 nm. The ALD‐cerium oxide films present less order and a higher density of defects than films grown by physical vapor deposition techniques, likely affecting their reactivity in oxidizing and reducing conditions. KW - Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) KW - Cerium oxide KW - In-situ X-ray Photoelectron spectroscopy (in-situ XPS) KW - Growth model KW - Substrate influence Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202400537 SN - 2196-7350 VL - 12 IS - 5 SP - 1 EP - 13 PB - Wiley CY - Weinheim ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ferbel, Letizia A1 - Veronesi, Stefano A1 - Mentes, Tevfik Onur A1 - Buß, Lars A1 - Rossi, Antonio A1 - Mishra, Neeraj A1 - Coletti, Camilla A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo A1 - Locatelli, Andrea A1 - Heun, Stefan T1 - Rubidium intercalation in epitaxial monolayer graphene T2 - Nanoscale N2 - Alkali metal intercalation of graphene layers has been of particular interest due to potential applications in electronics, energy storage, and catalysis. Rubidium (Rb) is one of the largest alkali metals and among the least investigated as an intercalant. Here, we report a systematic investigation, with a multi-technique approach, of the phase formation of Rb under epitaxial monolayer graphene on SiC(0001). We explore a wide phase space with two control parameters: the Rb density (i.e., deposition time) and sample temperature (i.e., room and low temperature). We reveal the emergence of (2 × 2) and [sqrt(3) x (sqrt3)] R30° structures formed by a single alkali metal layer intercalated between monolayer graphene and the interfacial C-rich reconstructed surface, also known as the buffer layer. Rb intercalation also results in strong n-type doping of the graphene layer. Upon progressively annealing to higher temperatures, we first reveal the diffusion of Rb atoms, which results in the enlargement of intercalated areas. As desorption sets in, intercalated regions progressively shrink and fragment. Eventually, at approximately 600 °C, the initial surface is retrieved, indicating the reversibility of the intercalation process. KW - Graphene KW - N-type doping KW - Micro-spot low-energy electron diffraction (µLEED) KW - Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) KW - Low-energy electron microscopy (LEEM) KW - Density functional theory (DFT) Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/D5NR00417A SN - 2040-3364 VL - 17 IS - 19 SP - 12465 EP - 12472 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) CY - London ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tschammer, Rudi A1 - Buß, Lars A1 - Pożarowska, Emilia A1 - Morales, Carlos A1 - Senanayake, Sanjaya D. A1 - Prieto, Mauricio J. A1 - Tănase, Liviu C. A1 - de Souza Caldas, Lucas A1 - Tiwari, Aarti A1 - Schmidt, Thomas A1 - Niño, Miguel A. A1 - Foerster, Michael A1 - Falta, Jens A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo T1 - High-temperature growth of CeOx on Au(111) and behavior under reducing and oxidizing conditions T2 - The journal of physical chemistry C N2 - Inverse oxide–metal model catalysts can show superior activity and selectivity compared with the traditional supported metal–oxide architecture, commonly attributed to the synergistic overlayer–support interaction. We have investigated the growth and redox properties of ceria nanoislands grown on Au(111) between 700 and 890 °C, which yields the CeO2–Au(111) model catalyst system. We have observed a distinct correlation between deposition temperature, structural order, and oxide composition through low-energy electron microscopy, low-energy electron diffraction, intensity–voltage curves, and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Improved structural order and thermal stability of the oxide have been achieved by increasing the oxygen chemical potential at the substrate surface using reactive oxygen (O/O2) instead of molecular O2 during growth. In situ characterization under reducing (H2) and oxidizing atmospheres (O2, CO2) indicates an irreversible loss of structural order and redox activity at high reduction temperatures, while moderate temperatures result in partial decomposition of the ceria nanoislands (Ce3+/Ce4+) to metallic cerium (Ce0). The weak interaction between Au(111) and CeOx would facilitate its reduction to the Ce0 metallic state, especially considering the comparatively strong interaction between Ce0 and Au0. Besides, the higher reactivity of atomic oxygen promotes a stronger interaction between the gold and oxide islands during the nucleation process, explaining the improved stability. Thus, we propose that by driving the nucleation and growth of the ceria/Au system in a highly oxidizing regime, novel chemical properties can be obtained. KW - Inverse oxide-metal model catalysts KW - Ceria nanoislands KW - Growth KW - Redox properties KW - Low-energy electron microscopy (LEEM) KW - Low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) KW - Intensity–voltage curves KW - X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.4c08072 SN - 1932-7447 VL - 129 IS - 7 SP - 3583 EP - 3594 PB - American Chemical Society (ACS) CY - Washington, DC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dahmani, Marwa A1 - Fellah, Mamoun A1 - Hezil, Naouel A1 - Benoudia, Mohamed-Cherif A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - El-Hiti, Gamal A. A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - Bioactivity and tribological performance of a novel nano-biomaterial beta-type Ti-alloy T2 - Journal of materials research and technology N2 - This study investigates the bioactivity; wear performance, and topography of a novel beta-type titanium-based alloy using techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and 2D and 3D analysis. The tribological test was evaluated using a ball-on-disk tribometer in a wet environment. Different loads of 2, 6, and 10 N were applied during the evolution. The data results indicate a significant effect of the milling process on the formation of the hydroxyapatite layer on the surfaces of the Ti–Nb–Mo alloy. Both the wear volume and rate showed a consistent trend of decrease as the milling time increased from 2 to 12 h for all applied loads. The minimum values of wear and volume were reached after 12 h of milling. The improvement in tribological behavior can be attributed to the improved mechanical properties of the alloys. In addition, the significant presence of niobium (Nb) and molybdenum (Mo) plays a critical role in achieving high coefficient of friction values. The primary wear mechanism observed in the Ti–25Nb–25Mo system was adhesive wear in addition to abrasive wear. With its lower Young's modulus and favorable biological and tribological properties, the Ti–25Nb–25Mo alloy represents a promising option for bone tissue applications in orthopedics. KW - Ti–25Nb–25Mo KW - Milling time KW - Bioactivity KW - Hydroxyapatite KW - Friction coefficient KW - Wear rate KW - Biomaterials Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785425006908 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.03.180 SN - 2214-0697 VL - 36 SP - 2297 EP - 2316 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bartsch, Devis A1 - Winkler, Herwig T1 - Produktionssteuerungsumgebungen und ihre (technischen) Probleme BT - Welches Potenzial bietet die Blockchain-Technologie? T2 - Zeitschrift für wirtschaftlichen Fabrikbetrieb N2 - Technological development is leading to the emergence of new decentralized applications, such as decentralized production systems. Production systems require efficient production control for goal-oriented and resource-saving order processing. The environment in which the production control is implemented contributes significantly to its task fulfilment. This paper examines and analyses centralized and decentralized databases as well as edge and cloud computing as environments for production control. It additionally examines the potential of blockchain technology to solve the various problems of the presented production control environment KW - Blockchain; Database; Cloud Computing; Edge Computing; Production Control Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/zwf-2024-1145 SN - 2511-0896 VL - 119 IS - 10 SP - 710 EP - 719 PB - Walter de Gruyter GmbH ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hasanuzzaman, Gazi A1 - Buchwald, Tom A1 - Schunk, Christoph A1 - Schröder, Andreas A1 - Egbers, Christoph A1 - Hampel, Uwe T1 - DATIV—remote enhancement of smart aerosol measurement system using raspberry Pi-based distributed sensors T2 - Sensors N2 - Enclosed public spaces are hotspots for airborne disease transmission. To measure and maintain indoor air quality in terms of airborne transmission, an open source, low cost and distributed array of particulate matter sensors was developed and named Dynamic Aerosol Transport for Indoor Ventilation, or DATIV, system. This system can use multiple particulate matter sensors (PMSs) simultaneously and can be remotely controlled using a Raspberry Pi-based operating system. The data acquisition system can be easily operated using the GUI within any common browser installed on a remote device such as a PC or smartphone with a corresponding IP address. The software architecture and validation measurements are presented together with possible future developments. KW - Aerosol transport, indoor ventilation, sensors, measurement, aerodynamics Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/24/13/4314 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/s24134314 VL - 24 SP - 1 EP - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schnellenbach, Jan T1 - On the reform of fiscal rules in the European Union : what has been achieved, and how did we get here? T2 - Economist’s voice N2 - In April 2024, the European Union has reformed its set of fiscal rules, aimed at securing sustainable public finances in its member countries. In this paper, we discuss the pathway towards reform and highlight the main characteristics of the reformed set of rules. It is argued that, relative to the original proposals by the Commission, the rules have improved. However, the numerical safeguards may be circumvented to some extent. In sum, there remains plenty of discretionary leeway for a conflict-averse Commission to appease non-compliant member countries. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/ev-2024-0060 SN - 1553-3832 PB - De Gruyter CY - Berlin ; Boston, Massachusetts ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bucher, Roman A1 - Batary, Peter A1 - Baudry, Julia A1 - Beaumelle, Lea A1 - Cerevkova, Andrea A1 - Garcia de la Riva, Enrique A1 - Djoudi, El Aziz A1 - Dirilgen, Tara A1 - Galle, Robert A1 - Kesse-Guyot, Emmanuelle A1 - O´Reilly, Alison A1 - Rembialkowska, Ewa A1 - Rusch, Adrien A1 - Smith, Henrik G. A1 - Stanley, Dara A. A1 - Roberts, Stuart P.M. A1 - Ulrich, Werner A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Land-use impacts on crop yield : direct and indirect roles of arthropods and associated ecosystem services in European farmland T2 - Landscape ecology N2 - Context Land-use intensification to increase yields is often detrimental to biodiversity undermining the provision of ecosystem services. However, it is questionable if ecosystem service providers contribute to ecological intensification by achieving the same or higher yields than conventional high-intensity agriculture. Objectives In this study, we aimed to disentangle the effects of local and landscape-scale land-use intensification on arthropod communities and their contribution to ecosystem services and crop yield. A set of meta-analytic structural equation models allowed us to assess direct and indirect relationships in the cascade from land use to yield. Methods We selected 37 datasets containing information on land use, community composition, levels of pollination and natural pest control services, and crop yield. We quantified functional diversity of communities by collecting trait information for three exemplary groups of service-providers: bees, ground beetles, and spiders. Results Local land-use intensification reduced the abundance of all arthropod groups. Spiders were the only group whose species richness was negatively related to a higher percentage of arable land in the landscape. High abundance of bees related positively to oilseed rape pollination and crop yields. In the models for the two predator groups, crop yield was strongly determined by land use, independent of the pest control services provided by natural enemies. Conclusions Our results suggest a potential for ecological intensification mediated by land-use change in crops where pollination benefits yield, but suggest more nuanced effects for pest control. Our study also calls for experiments on multiple taxonomic groups and ecosystem services that apply comparable methods at similar scales. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-025-02117-w SN - 1572-9761 VL - 40 IS - 97 SP - 1 EP - 19 PB - Springer Science + Business Media B.V ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jones, Christopher R. A1 - Lee, Roh Pin A1 - Kaklamanou, Daphne T1 - Public attitudes towards gasification technologies in the UK, Germany and China and their susceptibility to the Nasty Effect T2 - Technology in society : an international journal N2 - In many countries, there is growing interest in the use of gasification technologies as an alternative to oil and natural gas in industrial-scale chemical production. Gasification could help to reduce reliance on fossil fuel imports and, depending upon the feedstock used, could help to decarbonise and improve the circularity of the sector. Despite the importance that public acceptance can have for the roll-out of industrial technologies, studies into public attitudes and risk perceptions of gasification technology are lacking. To address this gap, the current study investigated public attitudes towards two forms of gasification (coal and waste gasification) using an online survey distributed to demographically representative samples of the public from the UK, Germany and China. The objectives were to: (1) gain insight into public attitudes towards the use of gasification technologies in these countries; (2) assess potential divergence in public attitudes towards the use of different carbon sources within gasification; and (3) identify the potential impact of negative social framing – namely the Nasty Effect – on risk perceptions. Results showed that attitudes towards gasification were generally positive in all three countries, although significantly more so in China. The anticipated preference for waste gasification was observed in the UK and Germany but not in China. There was little consistent evidence of the Nasty Effect in terms of participants’ evaluations of the technological and environmental risks of gasification in each country. The results hold potential implications for the development of future outreach and communication activities relating to the technology. KW - Gasification technology KW - Technology KW - Sustainability KW - Coal KW - Nasty Effect Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2025.102891 SN - 0160-791X VL - 82 SP - 1 EP - 16 PB - Elsevier BV CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Walther, Dominik A1 - Schmidt, Leander A1 - Räth, Timo A1 - Schricker, Klaus A1 - Bergmann, Jean Pierre A1 - Sattler, Kai-Uwe A1 - Mäder, Patrick T1 - Deep learning-driven active sheet positioning using linear actuators in laser beam butt welding of thin steel sheets T2 - Journal of advanced joining processes N2 - Welding thin steel sheets in industrial applications is difficult because joint gaps occur during the process, which can lead to weld interruptions. Such welds are considered a reject and in order to avoid the weld to interrupt it is crucial to hinder the formation of joint gaps. Especially laser beam welding is affected by the emergence of gaps. Due to the narrow laser spot, product quality is highly dependent on the alignment and positioning of the sheets. This is typically done by clamping devices, which hold the workpieces in place. However, these clamps are suited for a specific workpiece geometry and require manual redesign every time the process changes. Adaptive clamping devices instead are designed to realize a time-dependent workpiece adjustment. Modeling the joint gap behavior to realize a controller for adaptive clamps can be difficult as the influence of heating, melting, and cooling on the joint gap formation is unknown and varies due to temperature dependent physical properties. Instead, the control parameters and actions can be derived using data-driven methods. In this paper, we present a novel data-driven approach how deep learning can be utilized to manipulate the sheet position during the weld with two actuators that apply force. A temporal convolution neural network (TCN) analyzes the change of the joint gap and predicts the required force to adapt the workpiece position. The developed method has been integrated into the welding process and improves the length of the average weld seam by 39.5% compared to welds without an active adjustment and 1.4% to welds that have been adapted with a constant force. KW - Laser beam welding KW - Temporal convolutional neural network KW - Thin steel sheets KW - Inductive probes KW - Gap adjustment KW - Deep learning Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jajp.2025.100303 SN - 2666-3309 VL - 11 SP - 1 EP - 12 PB - Elsevier BV CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Delle Site, Luigi A1 - Hartmann, Carsten T1 - Computationally feasible bounds for the free energy of nonequilibrium steady states, applied to simple models of heat conduction T2 - Molecular Physics Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/00268976.2024.2391484 SN - 0026-8976 PB - Informa UK Limited ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoffmann, Christin A1 - Thommes, Kirsten T1 - Can leaders motivate employees’ energy-efficient behavior with thoughtful communication? T2 - Journal of Environmental Economics and Management N2 - We study the effect of an employer’s communication concerning energy-efficient behavior on a firm’s employees’ behavioral responses. The management aims to enhance energy-efficient behavior performance by irregularly sending online messages to remote employees. We break down each message, analyzing the positive or negative emotions conveyed, collective or individual orientation, and ease of language. Comparing employees’ daily energy efficiency after receiving a message to their daily performance without a previous message, we find that messages generally result in an immediate increase in efficiency. Messages conveying negative emotions and those making a distinction between the manager and the employees have a smaller effect than messages conveying positive emotions and emphasizing a collective orientation that includes both the management and employees. Additionally, shorter messages are more likely to induce improved efficiency. Sending messages significantly impacts driver performance for up to six days after the message, resulting in economically relevant cost reductions. KW - Energy efficiency KW - Internal communication KW - Natural language processing KW - Employee engagement KW - Psycho-linguistics Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0095069624000640 VL - 125 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jaramillo-Cajica, Ismael A1 - Schiffer, Johannes T1 - A dwell-time approach for decentralized grid-aware operation of islanded DC microgrids T2 - Automatica N2 - In islanded microgrid (MG) applications, renewable-based distributed generation units (DGUs) are commonly operated in grid-feeding mode, while storage-based DGUs assume the grid-forming responsibilities. This results in limited controllable power reserves, which may pose severe threats to the overall system stability. Motivated by this, we consider the problem of designing a more flexible grid-aware control scheme for enlarging the actuation power of a DC MG. That is, existing DGUs are able to adopt different operation modes by switching among two decentralized passivity-based subsystem control laws in dependency of their node status. To this purpose, we design a time- and state-dependent switching logic that coordinates the DGU mode transitions and ensures that the closed-loop interconnected MG possesses a unique equilibrium point. Then, we derive sufficient tuning conditions on the control parameters that ensure global exponential stability of this equilibrium by adopting a multiple Lyapunov functions approach that exploits the passive interconnection properties of the MG together with dwell-time methods for switched systems. The advantageous performance of the proposed strategy is illustrated via a numerical example. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.automatica.2023.111461 SN - 0005-1098 VL - 160 SP - 1 EP - 11 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Antweiler, Werner A1 - Müsgens, Felix T1 - The New Merit Order: The Viability of Energy-Only Electricity Markets With Only Intermittent Renewable Energy Sources and Grid-Scale Storage T2 - USAEE Working Paper N2 - What happens to the merit order of electricity markets when all electricity is supplied by intermittent renewable energy sources coupled with large-scale electricity storage? With near-zero marginal cost of production, will there still be a role for an energy-only electricity market? We answer these questions both analytically and empirically for electricity markets in Texas and Germany. What emerges in market equilibrium is the ‘new merit order’. Our work demonstrates that as long as free entry and competition ensure effective price setting, an efficient new merit order emerges in electricity markets even when the grid is completely powered by intermittent sources with near-zero marginal costs. We find that energy only markets remain viable and functional. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4702939 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4702939 VL - 24-614 SP - 1 EP - 49 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Vallem, Rishindra A1 - Klein, Marten A1 - Schmidt, Heiko T1 - Capabilities and limitations of smoothed particle hydrodynamics for the simulation of two‐phase flow instabilities T2 - Proceedings in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics N2 - Smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) is a mesh‐free, Lagrangian particle‐based method that is able to simulate multiphase flows in an economical manner. However, its ability to capture the flow regimes and regime transitions in two phase (liquid‐gas) internal flows, such as pipe or channel flows is not yet generally established. To address this lack in understanding, we first examine a laminar rising bubble case in order to evaluate the fluid‐fluid interface representation and transient interface evolution by the solver. With a focus towards the transition mechanism from a stratified flow regime to a slug flow regime, we investigate the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability (KHI) both qualitatively and quantitatively, initially focusing on a low density ratio () and then extending it to a high density ratio (). For the low density ratio, we conduct an analysis of the temporal evolution and demonstrate that the SPH solver captures the initial exponential growth in qualitative agreement with inviscid linear stability theory (LST) and reference numerical data for shear‐dominated flow with Richardson number . By conducting eight additional simulations for various for the high density ratio, we demonstrate that the numerically obtained parameter value for instability is around , which is in reasonable agreement with the theoretically expected value of . Based on the SPH results obtained for the range , we suggest a simple parameterization of the reduction of the effective growth rate proportional to . KW - Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics KW - two-phase flow KW - Kelvin-Helmholtz instability KW - rising bubble KW - growth rate Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.202400206 SN - 1617-7061 VL - 24/2024 PB - Wiley CY - Weinheim ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klein, Marten A1 - Kessler, Robert William A1 - Schmidt, Heiko T1 - Numerical investigation of drag reduction effects on a track bicycle fork using wings with a wavy leading edge T2 - Proceedings in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics N2 - Reynolds‐averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) and large‐eddy simulations (LES) of the flow around wings with a wavy leading edge (WLE) are conducted in order to assess the capabilities of a passive flow control strategy for drag reduction. The intended application is indoor track cycling with controlled flow conditions. A section of a single fork rod is investigated in order to make the numerical simulations feasible. The present study reveals that net drag reduction is possible by a nonsinusoidal modification of the leading edge of the wing. However, the drag reduction effect remains limited to a few percent. While RANS and LES yield the same drag coefficient for a reference case, RANS underestimates the drag reduction effect for a longer wing and the WLE cases, but exhibits otherwise a qualitatively similar trend as the LES. With the aid of RANS, an optimal geometry is obtained defined by the wavelength‐to‐chord length ratio of and the amplitude‐to‐chord length ratio of . Corresponding LES results give an indication of the origin of drag reduction by a hampered vortex shedding. The generation of smaller and more streamwise oriented vortical flow structures at the trailing edge and behind the WLE wing is correlated with significantly reduced lift fluctuations and drag reduction. KW - sports aerodynamics KW - passive flow control KW - aerodynamic drag KW - drag reduction KW - computational fluid dynamics KW - turbulence modeling Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.202400178 SN - 1617-7061 VL - 24 SP - 1 EP - 14 PB - Wiley ER - TY - GEN A1 - Polasanapalli, Sai Ravi Gupta A1 - Klein, Marten A1 - Schmidt, Heiko T1 - Investigation of the impact of transient pressure gradients on turbulent channel flow dynamics T2 - Proceedings in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics N2 - The effect of transient pressure gradients, or transient pumping in turbulent channel flow configuration, is investigated. Employing a cost-efficient reduced-order stochastic method known as one-dimensional turbulence (ODT) modeling, simulations explore different signal shapes for the modulation of the prescribed pressure gradient forcing, including sinusoidal modulation, step-like modulation, and piecewise sinusoidal beating. Various cycle periods and active pumping times are investigated. The simulations are conducted at a frictional Reynolds number of $Re_\tau = 395$ and a molecular Prandtl number of $Pr = 1$. The study adopts a passive scalar formulation to investigate heat transfer properties. The study quantifies the effects of transient pressure gradients on heat transfer rate, drag, and pumping power. Preliminary ODT predictions suggest that all transient cases exhibit lower heat transfer rates and a higher pumping power requirement than the constant pressure gradient case, with the step-like modulation yields superior skin-friction drag and heat transfer rate reductions relative to other signals. KW - turbulent heat transfer KW - turbulent drag KW - pumping power KW - one-dimensional turbulence KW - pulsating flow Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.202400183 SN - 1617-7061 VL - 24 SP - 1 EP - 12 PB - Wiley-VCH GmbH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - GEN A1 - Strehle, Felix A1 - Machado, Juan E. A1 - Cucuzzella, Michele A1 - Malan, Albertus Johannes A1 - Hohmann, Sören A1 - Scherpen, Jacquelien M. A. T1 - A Unifying Passivity-Based Framework for Pressure and Volume Flow Rate Control in District Heating Networks T2 - IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology N2 - A fundamental precondition for the operation of district heating networks (DHNs) is a stable hydraulic behavior. However, the ongoing transition toward a sustainable heat supply, especially the rising integration of distributed heat sources and the increasingly meshed topologies, introduces complex and potentially destabilizing hydraulic dynamics. In this work, we propose a unifying, equilibrium-independent passivity (EIP)-based control framework, which guarantees asymptotic stability of any feasible, hydraulic DHN equilibrium for a wide range of DHN setups covering different DHN generations, meshed, time-varying topologies, and multiple, dynamically interacting distributed heat sources. The obtained results hold for the state of the art as well as future DHN generations featuring, for example, multiple distributed heat sources, asymmetric pipe networks, and multiple temperature layers. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TCST.2024.3365250 SN - 1063-6536 VL - 32 IS - 4 SP - 1323 EP - 1340 PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herrmann, Ulrike A1 - Plietzsch, Anton A1 - Rose, Max A1 - Gernandt, Hannes A1 - Schiffer, Johannes T1 - A predictive operation management scheme for hydrogen networks based on the method of characteristics T2 - 2024 European Control Conference (ECC) N2 - As future hydrogen networks will be strongly linked to the electricity system via electrolysers and hydrogen power plants, challenges will arise for their operation. A suitable response to phenomena, such as rapidly changing boundary conditions and unbalanced supply and demand, requires the implementation of operational concepts based on transient pipe models. The transient pipe flow can be described by the isothermal Euler equations, which we discretize using an explicit Method Of Characteristics. Based on this, we develop a nonlinear space-time discretized network model that incorporates various other components, including hydrogen storage facilities, active elements such as valves and compressor stations, as well as electrolyzers and fuel cells. This network model serves as the foundation for the development of a tailored economic model predictive control algorithm designed for fast timescales. The algorithm enables controlled pressure changes within specified bounds in response to changes in supply and demand while simultaneously minimizing fast pressure fluctuations in the pipelines. Through a detailed case study, we demonstrate the algorithm's proficiency in addressing these transient operation challenges. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.23919/ECC64448.2024.10591107 SP - 1084 EP - 1089 PB - IEEE ER - TY - GEN A1 - Muhammad, Sulaman A1 - Hoffmann, Christin T1 - From investment to impact: The role of green finance and technological innovation on German energy transition T2 - Renewable Energy N2 - Germany is a global leader in environmental protection and has embraced a fast-track transition towards renewable energy adaptation. To support the continuous energy transition, an approximate sum of EUR 3000 billion needs to be mobilized by 2050, making it an exemplary case for examining the influence of green finance on renewable energy consumption and technological innovation. The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of green finance and technological innovation on renewable energy consumption across 16 federal German states, utilizing panel data from 2008 to 2021. Two novel financial proxies, green investment and environmental protection-related sales, are introduced to capture the financial mechanisms underpinning the energy transition. MMQ (method of moments quantile) regression is employed to explore the short and long-run relationship among variables. The results reveal that while environmental protection-related sales consistently increase renewable energy consumption, the positive effects of green investment manifest only in the long term. Furthermore, the results indicate that solely increasing R&D funds does not necessarily boost renewable energy consumption. However, the positive interplay between R&D and patent applications significantly increases electricity generation from renewable sources. Indicating that integrated financial and technological strategies are essential for advancing Germany's renewable energy goals. KW - Green finance KW - Renewable energy KW - R&D KW - Patent application KW - Energy transition Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960148124017336?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2024.121665 VL - 237 Part B SP - 1 EP - 12 PB - Elsevier ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoffmann, Christin T1 - Inter- and intragenerational differences in corrupt behavior: The development of morals after German reunification T2 - European Journal of Comparative Economics N2 - We investigate differences in bribing decisions among two generations from East and West Germany in a bribery game conducted as an online study (N=168). This way, we aim to explore moral considerations of individuals influenced by two formerly different institutional systems. We find a higher propensity to bribe among young Germans compared to the older generation. Young East Germans even reveal a slightly greater inclination to bribe than their West German counterparts. We conclude that preferences for personal favors may be induced among young East Germans given the tense relationship between market opportunities and conveyed cultural traits of a socialist imprint. KW - Moral behavior KW - Corruption KW - Intra- and intergenerational study KW - Institutional transformation KW - Reunification Y1 - 2024 UR - https://ris.uni-paderborn.de/record/58511 UR - https://ejce.liuc.it/articles/ejce032.pdf U6 - https://doi.org/10.25428/1824-2979/032 SN - 1824-2979 VL - 21 (2024) SP - 211 EP - 264 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ben Amor, Souhir A1 - Möbius, Thonas A1 - Müsgens, Felix T1 - Bridging an energy system model with an ensemble deep-learning approach for electricity price forecasting T2 - General Economics (econ.GN) N2 - This paper combines a techno-economic energy system model with an econometric model to maximise electricity price forecasting accuracy. The proposed combination model is tested on the German day-ahead wholesale electricity market. Our paper also benchmarks the results against several econometric alternatives. Lastly, we demonstrate the economic value of improved price estimators maximising the revenue from an electric storage resource. The results demonstrate that our integrated model improves overall forecasting accuracy by 18 %, compared to available literature benchmarks. Furthermore, our robustness checks reveal that a) the Ensemble Deep Neural Network model performs best in our dataset and b) adding output from the techno-economic energy systems model as econometric model input improves the performance of all econometric models. The empirical relevance of the forecast improvement is confirmed by the results of the exemplary storage optimisation, in which the integration of the techno-economic energy syst Y1 - 2024 UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2411.04880 U6 - https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2411.04880 VL - 2024 SP - 1 EP - 49 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pomp, Caron T1 - The Regional Innovation System and Smart Specialisation in the “energy region” Lusatia T2 - List Forum für Wirtschafts- und Finanzpolitik N2 - Lusatia, a rural-peripheral region in Eastern Germany, currently faces structural change due to the planned phase-out of lignite mining. Against the backdrop of the EU Smart Specialisation (S2) strategy, structural change funds need to be invested where it can strengthen Lusatia’s Regional Innovation System (RIS). With Lusatia’s history, energy seems a promising topic S2. However, it is questionable if there is a critical mass of actors and research for energy topics in the region that could enable regional competitiveness. This paper addresses this issue by analysing the current state of Lusatia’s RIS and the potentials for S2. I use empirical data from statistical offices and the “Förderkatalog” as well as data on new research projects and institutes for my analysis. The gathered data suggest that the region’s RIS is rather thin. While the proclaimed image of an “energy region” is not reflected in the data yet, this may change due to the structural change program and the strategic orientation of the region. S2 may be successful if the new institutes and research projects enable the attraction of skilled workers and firms and at the same time manage to increase the absorption capacity of existing firms in the region. Building a critical mass for cooperation and innovation is achievable, at least in the larger cities such as Cottbus. Monitoring and evaluation of the impacts of the invested funds will be crucial. N2 - Die Lausitz, eine ländlich-periphere Region in Ostdeutschland, ist durch den geplanten Ausstieg aus der Braunkohleförderung vom Strukturwandel betroffen. Vor dem Hintergrund der EU-Strategie „Smart Specialisation“ (S2) müssen die Strukturwandelmittel dort investiert werden, wo sie das Regionale Innovationssystem (RIS) der Lausitz stärken können. Aufgrund der Geschichte der Lausitz scheint Energie ein vielversprechendes Thema für S2 zu sein. Es ist jedoch fraglich, ob es in der Region eine kritische Masse an Akteuren und Forschung zu Energiethemen gibt, die regionale Wettbewerbsfähigkeit ermöglichen könnte. Dieser Beitrag befasst sich mit dieser Frage, indem er den aktuellen Stand des RIS der Lausitz und die Potenziale für S2 analysiert. Für meine Analyse verwende ich empirische Daten der statistischen Ämter und aus dem Förderkatalog sowie Daten über neue Forschungsprojekte und -institute. Die gesammelten Daten legen nahe, dass das RIS der Region eher dünn ist. Das proklamierte Bild einer „Energieregion“ spiegelt sich zwar noch nicht in den Daten wider, das kann sich durch das Strukturwandelprogramm und die strategische Ausrichtung der Region jedoch ändern. S2 könnte erfolgreich sein, wenn die neuen Institute und Forschungsprojekte die Anwerbung von Fachkräften und Unternehmen ermöglichen und gleichzeitig die Absorptionskapazität der bestehenden Unternehmen in der Region erhöhen. Der Aufbau einer kritischen Masse für Zusammenarbeit und Innovation ist zumindest in den größeren Städten wie Cottbus möglich. Das Monitoring und der Bewertung der Auswirkungen der investierten Mittel wird von entscheidender Bedeutung sein. T2 - Das Regionale Innovationssytem und Intelligente Spezialisierung in der „Energieregion“ Lausitz KW - Smart Specialisation KW - Regional Innovation Systems KW - Structural Change Y1 - 2024 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s41025-023-00250-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s41025-023-00250-5 SN - 2364-3943 VL - 49 IS - 1 SP - 45 EP - 68 PB - Springer Berlin Heidelberg ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lorenz-Meyer, Nicolai A1 - Suchantke, René A1 - Schiffer, Johannes T1 - Dynamic state and parameter estimation in multi-machine power systems—Experimental demonstration using real-world PMU-measurements T2 - Control Engineering Practice N2 - Dynamic state and parameter estimation (DSE) plays a key role for reliably monitoring and operating future, power-electronics-dominated power systems. While DSE is a very active research field, experimental applications of proposed algorithms to real-world systems remain scarce. This motivates the present paper, in which we demonstrate the effectiveness of a DSE algorithm previously presented by parts of the authors with real-world data collected by a Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) at a substation close to a power plant within the extra-high voltage grid of Germany. To this end, at first we derive a suitable mapping of the real-world PMU-measurements recorded at a substation close to the power plant to the terminal bus of the power plants’ synchronous generator. This mapping considers the high-voltage transmission line, the tap-changing transformer and the auxiliary system of the power plant. Next, we introduce several practically motivated extensions to the estimation algorithm, which significantly improve its practical performance with real-world measurements. Finally, we successfully validate the algorithm experimentally in an auto- as well as a cross-validation. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conengprac.2023.105491 SN - 0967-0661 VL - 135 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoffmann, Christin A1 - Thommes, Kirsten T1 - Can leaders motivate employees' energy-efficient behavior with thoughtful communication? T2 - Journal of Environmental Economics and Management N2 - We study the effect of an employer’s communication concerning energy-efficient behavior on a firm’s employees’ behavioral responses. The management aims to enhance energy-efficient behavior performance by irregularly sending online messages to remote employees. We break down each message, analyzing the positive or negative emotions conveyed, collective or individual orientation, and ease of language. Comparing employees’ daily energy efficiency after receiving a message to their daily performance without a previous message, we find that messages generally result in an immediate increase in efficiency. Messages conveying negative emotions and those making a distinction between the manager and the employees have a smaller effect than messages conveying positive emotions and emphasizing a collective orientation that includes both the management and employees. Additionally, shorter messages are more likely to induce improved efficiency. Sending messages significantly impacts driver performance for up to six days after the message, resulting in economically relevant cost reductions. KW - Energyefficiency KW - Energy Economics KW - Employee Motivation KW - Communication KW - Natural Language Processing Tools Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0095069624000640?via%3Dihub U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2024.102990 SN - 0095-0696 VL - 125 SP - 1 EP - 24 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sgarciu, Smaranda A1 - Müsgens, Felix A1 - Osorio, Sebastian A1 - Pahle, Michael T1 - Is Germany on track to achieve 2030 climate and energy targets? T2 - List Forum für Wirtschafts- und Finanzpolitik N2 - The future development of CO2emissions in the German electricity sector by 2030 is unclear: On the one hand, the amendment to the Climate Protection Act (from August 2021) aims to tighten emission reduction targets in order to promote the path to a decarbonised energy system. On the other hand, the complex interplay between the main instruments for reducing carbon emissions, fuel prices and the current energy shortage as a result of Russia's attack on Ukraine is creating pressure for an increase in emissions. In our study, we examine whether Germany is on track to achieve its climate protection targets for 2030 and which measures can increase the likelihood. To do this, we use an energy system model parameterized to reflect the situation in the energy market in 2021, i.e. before Russia's attack on Ukraine. In addition to the quantitative side, we provide a qualitative analysis of the energy market in the light of recent events. We stress the importance of introducing a carbon price floor that can be dynamically changed in response to the development of other market forces and policies. This instrument would institutionalize a more plausible path to decarbonization and provide reassurance to investors. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s41025-023-00255-0 SN - 2364-3943 VL - 49 SP - 93 EP - 107 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sgarciu, Smaranda A1 - Scholz, Daniel A1 - Müsgens, Felix T1 - How CO2 prices accelerate decarbonisation – The case of coal-fired generation in Germany T2 - Energy Policy N2 - This paper analyses the potential impact of the world's two main coal phase-out instruments: 1) direct regulatory intervention restricting the operation of existing coal-fired generation capacity and prohibiting investment in new capacity and 2) market-based CO2-pricing instruments that make emission-intensive coal-fired generation less competitive. We quantify these instruments' potential effects in the empirical setting of Germany, where both instruments are employed concurrently. However, this paper's approach and methodology can be applied in any jurisdiction or energy system worldwide. Our paper provides quantitative results with a pan-European partial-equilibrium electricity system model. The model applies an innovative three-step approach. Step 1 solves an investment and dispatch problem with reduced technical and temporal complexity for European countries. Step 2 computes the dispatch problem at a bihourly resolution and step 3 solves the investment and dispatch problem for Germany with increased technical complexity. Our results confirm that both a regulated phase-out as well as a price on CO2 emissions can reduce the amount of coal-fired generation in an electricity system. If CO2 prices remain at current levels, coal-fired power plants leave the market significantly before the regulated phase-out date, reducing demand for employees in the Lusatian lignite industry. Regions and federal governments should take this finding into account when planning and preparing for structural change. KW - Kohleausstieg KW - Coal phase-out KW - CO2 price KW - Employment KW - Decarbonisation KW - Energy systems modelling Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2022.113375 SN - 0301-4215 VL - 173 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Genge, Lucien A1 - Scheller, Fabian A1 - Müsgens, Felix T1 - Supply costs of green chemical energy carriers at the European border: A meta-analysis T2 - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy N2 - Importing green chemical energy carriers is crucial for meeting European climate targets. However, estimating the costs of supplying these energy carriers to Europe remains challenging, leading to a wide range of reported supply-cost estimates. This study analyzes the estimated supply costs of green chemical energy carriers at the European border using a dataset of 1050 data points from 30 studies. The results reveal significant variations in supply costs, with a projected four-fold difference in 2030 and a five-fold difference in 2050 across all energy carriers. The main drivers of cost differences are varying production costs, particularly influenced by the weighted average costs of capital and capital expenditures of renewable energy sources, electrolyzers, and carrier-specific conversion processes. Transport costs also contribute to variations, mainly influenced by the choice of energy carrier and the weighted average costs of capital. To optimize cost-efficiency and sustainability in the chemical energy carrier sector, this paper recommends prioritizing transparency and sensitivity analyses of key input parameters, classifying energy carriers based on technological and economic status, and encouraging research and development to reduce production costs. KW - Green chemical energy carriers KW - Hydrogen derivates KW - Hydrogen supply costs KW - Hydrogen production costs KW - Hydrogen transportation costs KW - Meta-analysis Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.06.180 SN - 0360-3199 VL - 48 IS - 98 SP - 38766 EP - 38781 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Möbius, Thomas A1 - Watermeyer, Mira A1 - Grothe, Oliver A1 - Müsgens, Felix T1 - Enhancing energy system models using better load forecasts T2 - Energy Systems N2 - Since energy system models require a large amount of technical and economic data, their quality significantly affects the reliability of the results. However, some publicly available data sets, such as the transmission system operators’ day-ahead load forecasts, are known to be biased and inaccurate, leading to lower energy system model performance. We propose a time series model that enhances the accuracy of transmission system operators’ load forecast data in real-time, using only the load forecast error’s history as input. We further present an energy system model developed specifically for price forecasts of the short-term day-ahead market. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the improved load data as input by applying it to this model, which shows a strong reduction in pricing errors, particularly during periods of high prices and tight markets. Our results highlight the potential of our method the enhance the accuracy of energy system models using improved input data. KW - Data pre-processing KW - Day-ahead electricity prices KW - Energy system modelling Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12667-023-00590-3 SN - 1868-3975 SP - 1 EP - 30 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Batz Liñeiro, Taimyra A1 - Müsgens, Felix T1 - Evaluating the German onshore wind auction programme: An analysis based on individual bids T2 - Energy Policy N2 - Auctions are a highly demanded policy instrument for the promotion of renewable energy sources. Their flexible structure makes them adaptable to country-specific conditions and needs. However, their success depends greatly on how those needs are operationalised in the design elements. Disaggregating data from the German onshore wind auction programme into individual projects, we evaluated the contribution of auctions to the achievement of their primary (deployment at competitive prices) and secondary (diversity) objectives and have highlighted design elements that affect the policy's success or failure. We have shown that, in the German case, the auction scheme is unable to promote wind deployment at competitive prices, and that the design elements used to promote the secondary objectives not only fall short at achieving their intended goals, but create incentives for large actors to game the system. KW - Renewable energy KW - Auction KW - Wind KW - Onshore KW - Community energy KW - companies KW - Germany Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2022.113317 SN - 1873-6777 SN - 0301-4215 VL - 172 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Möbius, Thomas A1 - Riepin, Iegor A1 - Müsgens, Felix A1 - van der Weijde, Adriaan H. T1 - Risk aversion and flexibility options in electricity markets T2 - Energy Economics N2 - Investments in electricity transmission and generation capacity must be made despite significant uncertainty about the future developments. The sources of this uncertainty include, among others, the future levels and spatiotemporal distribution of electricity demand, fuel costs and future energy policy. In recent years, these uncertainties have increased due to the ongoing evolution of supply- and demand-side technologies and rapid policy changes designed to encourage a transition to low-carbon energy systems. Because transmission and generation investments have long lead times and are difficult to reverse, they are subject to a considerable – and arguably growing – amount of risk. KW - Flexibility KW - Storage KW - Demand response KW - Generation and transmission KW - expansion KW - Investment KW - Risk aversion KW - Stochastic programming Y1 - 2023 SN - 0140-9883 SN - 1873-6181 VL - 126 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klein, Marten A1 - Zenker, Christian A1 - Starick, Tommy A1 - Schmidt, Heiko T1 - Stochastic modeling of multiple scalar mixing in a three-stream concentric coaxial jet based on one-dimensional turbulence T2 - International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow N2 - Modeling turbulent mixing is a standing challenge for nonpremixed chemically reacting flows. Key complications arise from the requirement to capture all relevant scales of the flow and the necessity to distinguish between turbulent advective transport and molecular diffusive transport processes. In addition, anisotropic mean shear, variable advection time scales, and the coexistence of turbulent and nonturbulent regions need to be represented. The fundamental issues at stake are addressed by investigating multi-scalar mixing in a three-stream coaxial jet with a map-based stochastic one-dimensional turbulence model. ODT provides full-scale resolution at affordable costs by a radical reduction of complexity compared to high-fidelity Navier–Stokes solvers. The approach is partly justified by an application of the boundary-layer approximation, but neglects fluctuating axial pressure gradients. It is demonstrated that low-order scalar statistics are reasonably but not fully captured. Despite this shortcoming, it is shown that the model is able to reproduce experimental state-space statistics of multi-stream multi-scalar mixing. The model therefore offers physics-compatible improvements in multi-stream mixing modeling despite some fundamental limitations that remain from unjustified assumptions. KW - map-based stochastic advection modeling KW - multiple passive scalars KW - one-dimensional turbulence KW - turbulent jet KW - turbulent mixing Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2023.109235 SN - 0142-727X N1 - This article is part of the "TSFP12 Special Issue". VL - 104 SP - 1 EP - 17 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tsai, Pei-Yun A1 - Schmidt, Heiko A1 - Klein, Marten T1 - Investigating Reynolds number effects in turbulent concentric coaxial pipe flow using stochastic one-dimensional turbulence modeling T2 - Proceedings in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics N2 - The present study numerically investigates turbulent momentum transfer in concentric coaxial (annular) pipe flow with small radius ratios (𝜂 = 𝑅𝑖∕𝑅𝑜 = 0.1,0.04,0.02). To model the flow, a stochastic one-dimensional turbulence (ODT) model formulated for cylindrical geometry is used that provides full-scale resolution along a representative radial coordinate. The present investigation extends the model validation by Tsai et al. (PAMM,22:e202200272, 2023), to radius ratios smaller than 0.1 and addresses boundary layers with strong span-wise curvature effects. The focus is on the assessment and analysis of statistical flow features in the vicinity of the inner cylinder wall, particularly in cases with small radius ratios. Following Boersma & Breugem (Flow Turbul. Com-bust.,86:113–127, 2011), classical boundary-layer and mixing-length theory is utilized to analyze the model predictions. The results demonstrate that the ODT model captures leading-order curvature and mixing-length effects by its physics-compatible construction. Utilizing the model for extrapolation to high Reynolds numbers inaccessible to conventional high-fidelity numerical approaches shows that curvature effects persist and nonlocally affect the entire boundary layer. The model results provide support for a spanwise-curvature-modified wall function. KW - turbulent coaxial pipe flow KW - stochastic modeling KW - one-dimensional turbulence KW - spanwise curvature KW - turbulent boundary layer KW - high Reynolds number Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.202300167 SN - 1617-7061 N1 - Proceedings of the GAMM Annual Meeting 2023, Dresden, Germany VL - 23 IS - 4 SP - 1 EP - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shahzad, Umer A1 - Tiwari, Sunil A1 - Si Mohammed, Kamel A1 - Zenchenko, Svetlana T1 - Asymmetric nexus between renewable energy, economic progress, and ecological issues: Testing the LCC hypothesis in the context of sustainability perspective T2 - Gondwana Research N2 - This paper examines the load capacity curve hypothesis by the tourism and renewable energy from top tourism economies in the World. We employ the data from 2000 to 2020 and applied the panel GMM and panel quantile regression to arrive at our empirical findings. The results of the two models demonstrate the non-validity of the Load Capability Curve (LCC) hypothesis and the significant role of touristic arrival (TRA) and greener energy consumption (GEC) on the load capacity factor (LCP) by contrasting the ecological footprint per capita and bio-capacity. Furthermore, renewable and clean energy is recommended to address air pollution and climatic vulnerability. Thus, the empirical results of the current study provide acumens for policymakers of top tourism economies to consume green innovation technologies to counterbalance the environmental and socio-economic issues induced by the tourism sector without halting economic growth and sustainable tourism development. The study discusses policy-related implications for sustainable development. Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1342937X23001995 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2023.07.008 SN - 1342-937X VL - 129(2024) SP - 465 EP - 475 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Beisegel, Jesse A1 - Köhler, Ekkehard A1 - Scheffler, Robert A1 - Strehler, Martin T1 - Certifying fully dynamic algorithms for recognition and Hamiltonicity of Threshold and Chain Graphs T2 - Algorithmica Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00453-023-01107-1 SN - 0178-4617 VL - 85 IS - 8 SP - 2454 EP - 2481 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reible, Benedikt A1 - Hille, Julian F. A1 - Hartmann, Carsten A1 - Delle Site, Luigi T1 - Finite size effects and thermodynamic accuracy in many-particle systems T2 - Physical Review Research Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.5.023156 SN - 2643-1564 VL - 5 IS - 2 SP - 023156-1 EP - 023156-8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Starick, Tommy A1 - Behrang, Masoomeh A1 - Lignell, David O. A1 - Schmidt, Heiko A1 - Kerstein, Alan R. T1 - Turbulent mixing simulation using the Hierarchical Parcel-Swapping (HiPS) model T2 - Technische Mechanik N2 - Turbulent mixing is an omnipresent phenomenon that permanently affects our everyday life. Mixing processes also plays an important role in many industrial applications. The full resolution of all relevant flow scales often poses a major challenge to the numerical simulation and requires a modeling of the small-scale effects. In transported Probability Density Function (PDF) methods, the simplified modeling of the molecular mixing is a known weak point. At this place, the Hierarchical Parcel-Swapping (HiPS) model developed by A.R. Kerstein [J. Stat. Phys. 153, 142-161 (2013)] represents a computationally efficient and novel turbulent mixing model. HiPS simulates the effects of turbulence on time-evolving, diffusive scalar fields. The interpretation of the diffusive scalar fields or a state space as a binary tree structure is an alternative approach compared to existing mixing models. The characteristic feature of HiPS is that every level of the tree corresponds to a specific length and time scale, which is based on turbulence inertial range scaling. The state variables only reside at the base of the tree and are understood as fluid parcels. The effects of turbulent advection are represented by stochastic swaps of sub-trees at rates determined by turbulent time scales associated with the sub-trees. The mixing of adjacent fluid parcels is done at rates consistent with the prevailing diffusion time scales. In this work, a standalone HiPS model formulation for the simulation of passive scalar mixing is detailed first. The generated scalar power spectra with forced turbulence shows the known scaling law of Kolmogorov turbulence. Furthermore, results for the PDF of the passive scalar, mean square displacement and scalar dissipation rate are shown and reveal a reasonable agreement with experimental findings. The described possibility to account for variable Schmidt number effects is an important next development step for the HiPS formulation. This enables the incorporation of differential diffusion, which represents an immense advantage compared to the established mixing models. Using a binary structure allows HiPS to satisfy a large number of criteria for a good mixing model. Considering the reduced order and associated computational efficiency, HiPS is an attractive mixing model, which can contribute to an improved representation of the molecular mixing in transported PDF methods. KW - differential diffusion KW - hierarchical parcel-swapping KW - HiPS KW - mixing model KW - scalar mixing Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.24352/UB.OVGU-2023-044 SN - 0232-3869 VL - 43 IS - 1 SP - 49 EP - 58 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Richter, Jana A1 - Rachow, Fabian A1 - Israel, Johannes A1 - Roth, Norbert A1 - Charlafti, Evgenia A1 - Günther, Vivien A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - Reaction Mechanism Development for Methane Steam Reforming on a Ni/Al2O3 Catalyst T2 - Catalysts N2 - In this work, a reliable kinetic reaction mechanism was revised to accurately reproduce the detailed reaction paths of steam reforming of methane over a Ni/Al2O3 catalyst. A steady-state fixed-bed reactor experiment and a 1D reactor catalyst model were utilized for this task. The distinctive feature of this experiment is the possibility to measure the axially resolved temperature profile of the catalyst bed, which makes the reaction kinetics inside the reactor visible. This allows for understanding the actual influence of the reaction kinetics on the system; while pure gas concentration measurements at the catalytic reactor outlet show near-equilibrium conditions, the inhere presented temperature profile shows that it is insufficient to base a reaction mechanism development on close equilibrium data. The new experimental data allow for achieving much higher quality in the modeling efforts. Additionally, by carefully controlling the available active surface via dilution in the experiment, it was possible to slow down the catalyst conversion rate, which helped during the adjustment of the reaction kinetics. To assess the accuracy of the revised mechanism, a monolith experiment from the literature was simulated. The results show that the fitted reaction mechanism was able to accurately predict the experimental outcomes for various inlet mass flows, temperatures, and steam-to-carbon ratios. KW - kinetic reaction mechanism development KW - 1D modeling KW - reaction rates KW - methane steam reforming KW - fixed-bed reactor experiments KW - nickel catalyst Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13050884 SN - 2073-4344 VL - 13 IS - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klein, Marten A1 - Medina Méndez, Juan Alí A1 - Schmidt, Heiko T1 - Stochastic modeling of electrohydrodynamically enhanced drag in one-way and fully coupled turbulent Poiseuille and Couette flow T2 - Technische Mechanik N2 - Joint predictive modeling of hydrodynamics and electrokinetics is a standing numerical challenge but crucial for various applications in electrochemistry and power engineering. The present lack in modeling of electrohydrodynamic (EHD) turbulent flows lies in the treatment of small-scale processes and scale interactions. To overcome these limitations, a stochastic one-dimensional turbulence (ODT) model is utilized. The model aims to resolve all scales of the flow, but only on a notional line-of-sight, modeling turbulent advection by a stochastically sampled sequence of eddy events that punctuate deterministic molecular diffusive advancement. In this study, two canonical flow configurations are investigated that address different coupling strategies and flow physics. First, EHD effects in a variable-density vertical pipe flow of an ideal gas with an inner concentric electrode are investigated with a one-way coupled model formulation. Electric fields are generated by means of a corona discharge and the corresponding effect of a fixed ionic charge density field. Second, in order to reduce physical complexity, EHD effects the turbulent boundary layers in plane Couette flow of an isothermal univalent ionic liquid are investigated with a fully coupled model formulation. Both application cases demonstrate that ODT has predictive capabilities due to multiscale resolution of transport processes. Present results suggest that more expensive fully than one-way coupling of electrokinetics is crucial when charge relaxation times are significantly larger than the mean advection time scale. KW - turbulent drag enhancement KW - electrohydrodynamic turbulence KW - high Schmidt number KW - multiphysical boundary layers KW - one-dimensional turbulence Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.24352/UB.OVGU-2023-049 SN - 0232-3869 N1 - This article is part of the "Special Issue for CMFF’22". VL - 43 IS - 1 SP - 111 EP - 127 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klein, Marten A1 - Schmidt, Heiko T1 - Capturing features of turbulent Ekman–Stokes boundary layers with a stochastic modeling approach T2 - Advances in Science and Research N2 - Atmospheric boundary layers (ABLs) exhibit transient processes on various time scales that range from a few days down to seconds, with a scale separation of the large-scale forcing and the small-scale turbulent response. One of the standing challenges in modeling and simulation of ABLs is a physically based representation of complex multiscale boundary layer dynamics. In this study, an idealized time-dependent ABL, the so-called Ekman–Stokes boundary layer (ESBL), is considered as a simple model for the near-surface flow in the mid latitudes and polar regions. The ESBL is driven by a prescribed temporal modulation of the bulk–surface velocity difference. A stochastic one-dimensional turbulence (ODT) model is applied to the ESBL as standalone tool that aims to resolve all relevant scales of the flow along a representative vertical coordinate. It is demonstrated by comparison with reference data that ODT is able to capture relevant features of the time-dependent boundary layer flow. The model predicts a parametric enhancement of the bulk–surface coupling in the event of a boundary layer resonance when the flow is forced with the local Coriolis frequency. The latter reproduces leading order effects of the critical latitudes. The model results suggest that the bulk flow decouples from the surface for high forcing frequencies due to a relative increase in detached residual turbulence. KW - turbulent boundary layer KW - stochastic modeling KW - periodic forcing KW - one-dimensional turbulence KW - rotating flow Y1 - 2023 UR - https://asr.copernicus.org/articles/20/55/2023/ U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/asr-20-55-2023 SN - 1992-0636 SN - 1992-0628 N1 - This article is part of the special issue “EMS Annual Meeting: European Conference for Applied Meteorology and Climatology 2022”. N1 - This research is supported by the German Federal Government, the Federal Ministry of Education and Research and the State of Brandenburg within the framework of the joint project EIZ: Energy Innovation Center with funds from the Structural Development Act (Strukturstärkungsgesetz) for coal-mining regions. VL - 20 SP - 55 EP - 64 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoffmann, Christin A1 - Auer, Thorsten A1 - Berg, Timo T1 - Inter- and intragenerational differences in corrupt behavior: the development of morals after German reunification T2 - The European Journal of Comparative Economics N2 - We investigate differences in bribing decisions among two generations from East and West Germany in a bribery game conducted as an online study (N=168). This way, we aim to explore moral considerations of individuals influenced by two formerly different institutional systems. We find a higher propensity to bribe among young Germans compared to the older generation. Young East Germans even reveal a slightly greater inclination to bribe than their West German counterparts. We conclude that preferences for personal favors may be induced among young East Germans given the tense relationship between market opportunities and conveyed cultural traits of a socialist imprint. KW - Moral behavior KW - Corruption KW - Intra- and intergenerational study KW - Institutional transformation KW - Reunification Y1 - 2025 UR - https://ejce.liuc.it/articles/ejce032.pdf SN - 1824-2979 VL - February 2025 IS - Vol. 21 SP - 211 EP - 264 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rakhi, Rakhi A1 - Shrestha, Krishna Prasad A1 - Günther, Vivien A1 - Mauß, Fabian T1 - Kinetically consistent detailed surface reaction mechanism for steam reforming of methane over nickel catalyst T2 - Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis KW - Nickel-based catalyst KW - Kinetic consistency KW - Thermodynamic analysis KW - Steam reforming KW - Detailed surface reaction mechanism Y1 - 2022 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11144-022-02314-7 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11144-022-02314-7 SN - 1878-5204 SN - 1878-5190 VL - 135 IS - 6 SP - 3059 EP - 3083 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tsai, Pei‐Yun A1 - Schmidt, Heiko A1 - Klein, Marten T1 - Stochastic modeling and theoretical analysis of weakly heated concentric coaxial pipe flows at low prandtl number T2 - Proceedings in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics N2 - Heated concentric coaxial (annular) pipe flows are numerically investigated by a stochastic one‐dimensional turbulence (ODT) model. The main objective of this work is to more accurately predict the heat transfer in tubular heat exchangers at low Prandtl numbers by extending the analysis for weak temperature fluctuations as recently introduced in Tsai et al., Proceedings in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, 23:e202300167, 2023. The ODT model offers the required predictive capabilities at affordable cost by providing full‐scale resolution of viscous, conductive, and turbulent advective transport processes along a representative radial coordinate. The Prandtl numbers and are considered for which the radius ratio of the annular pipe and the Reynolds number are varied. Numerical results demonstrate that the geometry (radius ratio) has a significant influence on the thermal boundary layer that emerges over the inner and outer curved wall, respectively. Application of boundary layer theory and mixing length arguments yield an analytical expression that includes both Reynolds number and curvature effects. Unknown closure coefficients are estimated with ODT, providing a physically based correlation for the Nusselt number. KW - Turbulent pipe flow KW - Coaxial heat exchanger KW - Low Prandtl number KW - Boundary layer theory KW - Mixing-length theory Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.70006 SN - 1617-7061 VL - 25 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 7 PB - Wiley CY - Weinheim ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoffmann, Christin A1 - Byrukuri Gangadhar, Shanmukha Srinivas A1 - Müsgens, Felix T1 - Smells like green energy the impact of bioenergy production on residential property values in Germany T2 - Science Direkt N2 - One requirement for the fast and efficient development of bioenergy is a clear understanding of the negative externalities bioenergy facilities cause. At this point, discussions in practice and research as to which externalities have an impact and how strong this potential impact actually is remain inconclusive. We utilize bioenergy plant construction data from Germany between 2007 and 2022 and match it with information about real estate in the plants’ vicinity. Applying improved difference-in-difference estimation procedures to analyze heterogeneous treatment effects, we interpret a causal impact of bioenergy plant commissioning on housing prices in the vicinity in terms of the average net external effects affecting the vicinity. Overall, we find a minor negative impact of -0,5 % on home prices within 1 km of bioenergy plants but no statistically significant effect beyond this distance. This suggests that visual pollution has a limited role as an externality of bioenergy plants. However, if we restrict the sample to homes downwind of bioenergy plants, we find a significant yet small negative impact on home prices, ranging from -1,0 % to - 1,3 %. Additionally, homes near bioenergy plants that use gaseous inputs - which emit stronger odors - experience price reductions between -0,4 % to -0,7 %. This lets us conclude that, besides visual pollution, odor emission may play a more significant role in affecting nearby home prices. KW - Bioenergy KW - Oder emission KW - Difference-in-differences KW - Hedonic pricing Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140988325002282 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2025.108404 VL - 145 SP - 1 EP - 16 PB - Elsevier B.V. CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoffmann, Christin A1 - Thommes, Kirsten T1 - Clear Roads and Dirty Air? Indirect effects of reduced private traffic congestion on emissions from heavy traffic T2 - Journal of Cleaner Production Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.135053 SN - 0959-6526 VL - 381,2 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Reible, Benedikt A1 - Hartmann, Carsten A1 - Delle Site, Luigi T1 - Two-sided Bogoliubov inequality to estimate finite-size effects in quantum molecular simulations T2 - Letters in Mathematical Physics Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11005-022-01586-3 SN - 1573-0530 SN - 0377-9017 VL - 112 IS - 5 SP - 1 EP - 17 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Scheffler, Robert A1 - Strehler, Martin A1 - Vargas Koch, Laura T1 - Routing Games with Edge Priorities T2 - ACM Transactions on Economics and Computation Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3488268 SN - 2167-8375 VL - 10 IS - 1 SP - 1:1 EP - 1:27 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maldonado, D. A1 - Acal, C. A1 - Ortiz, H. A1 - Aguilera, A.M. A1 - Ruiz-Castro, J.E. A1 - Cantudo, A. A1 - Baroni, A. A1 - Dorai Swamy Reddy, K. A1 - Pechmann, S. A1 - Uhlmann, M. A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Pérez, E. A1 - Roldán, J.B. T1 - A comprehensive statistical study of the post-programming conductance drift in HfO2-based memristive devices T2 - Materials science in semiconductor processing N2 - The conductance drift in HfO2-based memristors is a critical reliability concern that impacts in their application in non-volatile memory and neuromorphic computing integrated circuits. In this work we present a comprehensive statistical analysis of the conductance drift behavior in resistive random access memories (RRAM) whose physics is based on valence change mechanisms. We experimentally characterize the conductance time evolution in six different resistance states and analyze the suitability of various probability distributions to model the observed variability. Our results reveal that the log-logistic probability distribution provides the best fit to the experimental data for the resistance multilevels and the measured post-programming times under consideration. Additionally, we employ an analysis of variance (ANOVA) to statistically analyze the post-programming time and current level effects on the observed variability. Finally, in the context of the Stanford compact model, we describe how variability has to be implemented to obtain the probability distribution of measured current values. KW - RRAM KW - Neural network KW - Variability Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mssp.2025.109668 SN - 1369-8001 VL - 196 SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - Elsevier BV CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Walther, Dominik A1 - Schmidt, Leander A1 - Schricker, Klaus A1 - Junger, Christina A1 - Bergmann, Jean Pierre A1 - Notni, Gunther A1 - Mäder, Patrick T1 - Dataset for weld seam analysis and discontinuity prediction in laser beam welding scenarios T2 - Data in brief N2 - Laser beam welding can produce narrow, high-quality welds in various industrial joining processes. The thermal expansion and contraction of the metal during the weld results in the displacement of the sheets. That leads to the formation of joint gaps and subsequent to a process interruption. This behavior has only been analyzed to a limited extent and causes manufacturers to rely on heavy clamping systems rather than using more flexible fixtureless approaches. Due to the time-consuming and costly nature of recording and producing erroneous weld seams, such recordings and datasets are rarely available in this area. This often limits the research towards adaptable fixtureless welding setups. Because of this, we present a multi-modal dataset consisting of 100 recorded welds that tracks the metal sheets movement. The developed setup enables the determination of boundary conditions for fixtureless welding. Two types of sensors record the welding process. First, three inductive probes are applied to record the metal sheets` movement and second, a long-wave infrared (LWIR) camera records changes in the thermal radiation field. Two different welding speeds and laser powers were used to produce a variety of welds. The dataset can be used for data-driven algorithms to predict the metal movement, analyze the thermal radiation field, or develop quality control methodologies. KW - Laser Beam Butt Welding KW - Inductive Probes KW - LWIR Camera KW - Time Series KW - Images KW - Thin Steel Sheets KW - Classification KW - Regression Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2025.111381 SN - 2352-3409 VL - 59 SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - Elsevier BV CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sharma, Prerana A1 - Röntzsch, Lars A1 - Shahi, Vinod K. T1 - Advancements towards optimization of metal–organic framework-based polymer electrolyte membranes for aqueous redox flow batteries T2 - Journal of materials chemistry : A, materials for energy and sustainability N2 - Aqueous redox flow batteries (ARFBs) are considered a potential technology for large-scale energy storage owing to their eco-friendliness, high current density, and tuneable capacity. Polymer electrolyte membranes (PEMs) are vital components of ARFB, but they suffer from significant capacity/efficiency deterioration due to a lack of advancement in structural framing. To enhance the effectiveness of ARFBs, various membrane types have been optimized. However, the development of an efficient PEM remains a significant problem. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) made up of metal sites and organic linkers have gained significant scientific interest. As a result of their large surface area, adjustable pore diameters, and customized functionality, MOF-based PEMs are regarded as effective separators for ARFB. This review covers the state of the art MOF-based PEMs as ARFB separators. In recent years, significant efforts have been made to utilize the unique characteristics of MOFs as they not only improve the conductivity (attributed to their 3D channel structure) and gradient distribution in the polymer framework but also stabilize and mitigate active species cross-over by regulating the effective pore size. The aforementioned tactics can stimulate more research on energy storage technologies and provide future insight into the development and design of size-sieving separators for ARFB. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/D4TA08720H SN - 2050-7488 VL - 13 IS - 17 SP - 11952 EP - 11988 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) CY - London ER - TY - GEN A1 - Raetze, Sebastian A1 - Christian, Staedter A1 - Hüllmann, Joschka Andreas T1 - Taking aim at research on esports teams : a systematic literature review and cross-disciplinary future agenda T2 - Team Performance Management : An International Journal N2 - Purpose This paper aims to systematically review and integrate the fast-growing literature on esports teams. Esports have evolved into hyper-competitive and professionalized settings with particular challenges, which need to be understood to develop and support sustainable esports teams. Likewise, esports teams share similarities with teams from professional sports and beyond, thus having the potential to inform team research in general. Design/methodology/approach The authors leveraged a systematic literature review approach and conducted a structured keyword search in Web of Science. The results were extended by a journal-driven search and forward-backward citation tracking, resulting in a final sample of 92 articles, which were analyzed via qualitative content analysis. Findings First, the authors find that research predominantly leverages quantitative study designs and samples of nonprofessional MOBA players. Second, four main themes that shape effectiveness in esports teams emerged: team compositional and structural features, leadership and external resources, team emergent states and team action processes. Third, the authors discuss blind spots within the literature that need more attention (e.g. psychological safety and stress management mechanisms) and how scholars can leverage the rich, multifaceted and high-resolution data existing in this context (e.g. game logs, audio and video recordings) to generate important insights on team dynamics valuable far beyond the esports domain. Finally, the authors discuss practical implications for players and teams to build and maintain sustainable esports teams. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, the authors provide the first systematic review on esports team effectiveness based on the Input-Mediator-Output-Input model and a critical evaluation of how it can fertilize esports research and practitioners. KW - Esports KW - Effectiveness Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1108/TPM-09-2024-0109 SN - 1352-7592 PB - Emerald Insight ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lutz Philip, Hecker A1 - Frank, Wätzold A1 - Astrid, Sturm T1 - Keep cool in a changing climate : an integrated modelling procedure for costeffective mitigation of rising temperatures in rural landscapes T2 - Climate Change : An Interdisciplinary, International Journal Devoted to the Description, Causes and Implications of Climatic Change N2 - Rising temperatures may negatively impact rural landscapes in temperate climates due to reduced yields in agriculture and forestry, an increased risk of biodiversity loss, changes in the local climate and a decrease in recreational value. One promising way to mitigate increasing land surface temperatures (LST) in rural landscapes is to implement land-use and land-cover changes as adaptation measures that retain precipitation in soils, water bodies, and groundwater to allow vegetation to evaporate more water to reduce LST in summer. We develop an integrated modelling procedure to identify cost-effective spatially differentiated adaptation measures in agriculture and forestry to mitigate LST increases. We define cost-effective adaptation in a landscape as maximizing LST mitigation for given costs. The procedure combines the results of a model that predicts the spatially differentiated effects of adaptation measures on LST with the results of an economic model that estimates the respective spatially differentiated costs in an optimisation algorithm. We demonstrate how the procedure works by applying it to the Elbe-Elster-county in Germany. We find that a substantial share of results can only be explained by considering spatially differentiated costs and mitigation impacts and not average values showing the importance of taking into account costs and impacts of measures in a spatially differentiated manner. We also compare results from our integrated modelling procedure with a (purely natural science) approach that selects those adaptation measures first which perform best in terms of LST mitigation and find that our approach leads to a better heat mitigation effect by a factor of 3.5 – 4.8. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-025-03929-0 SN - 1573-1480 VL - 178 IS - 101 SP - 1 EP - 22 PB - Springer CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - GEN A1 - Drechsler, Martin A1 - Sturm, Astrid T1 - Model-based analysis of the agglomeration bonus for the conservation of twelve meadow bird species in an agricultural landscape T2 - Ecological Economics N2 - The agglomeration bonus has been proposed as an effective and cost-effective instrument for inducing the spatial aggregation of conservation measures. It consists of a spatially homogenous base payment (like most existing payment schemes) plus a bonus for each adjacent land parcel that is conserved, too. While the agglomeration bonus has been investigated in numerous theoretical studies, very few applied studies exist to date. We extend a recent modelling study which analysed the effect of several grassland conservation schemes on meadow bird species in the Federal State of Saxony in Germany, by adding to the homogenous payment the described bonus. As expected, the bonus induces a spatial aggregation of the conservation measures. However, for typical bird dispersal ranges this does not reflect in an increased scheme cost-effectiveness. Only for much smaller dispersal ranges, which would be typical for insect species, the cost-effectiveness of the scheme would increase. We conclude that in complex agricultural landscapes with many land-use measures and species the agglomeration bonus may have limited value. Instead it should be used as a targeted instrument for the conservation of selected species of high conservation value that depend on very particular types of land use and have a small dispersal range. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2025.108663 SN - 0921-8009 VL - 236 SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herglotz, Christian A1 - Katsenou, Angeliki A1 - Wang, Xinyi A1 - Kränzler, Matthias A1 - Schien, Daniel T1 - Foundations of measuring power and energy consumption in video communication T2 - IEEE access N2 - Given the growing environmental concerns and significant resource consumption associated with video streaming on electronic devices, measuring the energy consumption is important to guide optimisation and to assess its relative environmental impact. In this paper, we provide comprehensive guidance to accurately measure the energy and power consumption in video communication technologies. We address the complexities inherent in measuring energy consumption across diverse software and hardware setups, with a focus on video communication tasks. We review current measurement techniques, identify limitations in existing practices, and propose a structured methodology that incorporates considerations for static and dynamic power consumption, appropriate sampling frequencies, and statistical rigor. Additionally, we introduce a reference workflow that is adaptable to various multimedia applications and demonstrate its applicability through a case study. By offering clear guidance and practical tools, this work aims to improve the reliability, reproducibility, and comparability of energy consumption measurements in video technologies, providing a strong foundation for the multimedia community to base decisions on. KW - Energy measurements, Energy consumption, Power draw, Video communications, Video codecs, Live streaming, Cloud gaming, Video on demand, Sustainability Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3545814 SN - 2169-3536 VL - 13 SP - 45142 EP - 45156 PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) CY - New York ER - TY - GEN A1 - Martienssen, Marion A1 - Riedel, Ramona A1 - Kühne, Tom T1 - Contribution of professional cleaning to indoor air and sewage pollution T2 - Sustainable Chemistry Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/suschem5040019 VL - 5 IS - 4 SP - 275 EP - 286 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schnellenbach, Jan T1 - Revisiting the tension between classical liberalism and the welfare state T2 - Journal of Contextual Economics Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3790/schm.139.2-4.365 SN - 2568-7603 SN - 2568-762X VL - 139 IS - 2-4 SP - 365 EP - 384 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoffmann, Stephanie A1 - Michalski, Niels A1 - Dragano, Nico A1 - Spallek, Jacob T1 - Does individual-level socio-economic position modify the association between area-level deprivation and early childhood language development? : a multilevel analysis of cross-sectional population data from Germany T2 - European journal of public health N2 - Early childhood is a public health priority for enhancing health equity across the life course. Children are susceptible to individual-level socio-economic position (SEP) and the socio-economic deprivation of their place of residence, both of which contribute to differences in psychomotor development, including language. This study investigates whether individual-level SEP modifies the association between area-level deprivation and language development. This study used population-based, cross-sectional data from a School Entry Survey in Germany (2021; female: n = 9751, male: n = 10 623; age in years: ≤6 n = 11 423; 6-≤7 n = 8 746; >7 n = 205; native language: German n = 18 752; not German n = 943; bilingual n = 679), which was linked to the 'German Index of Socioeconomic Deprivation' (GISD). Binary multilevel models [odds ratio (OR), 95% CI] were used to analyse the interaction of GISD (measured continuously) with individual-level SEP (categorized as high/medium/low) according to delayed language development (DLD in % yes/no), which was assessed using validated instruments of 'social-pediatric screening of developmental status for school entry'. Individual SEP was tested as a moderator by stratifying the analyses. The interaction of GISD with SEP was associated with DLD (ORmediumSEP*GISD = 1.13; 1.04-1.24; ORlowSEP*GISD = 1.27; 1.13-1.43), with the main effect of GISD (OR = 0.85; 0.77-0.93). In SEP stratification, GISD was only partially associated with DLD (ORhighSEP = 0.81; 0.73-0.91; ORmediumSEP = 0.97; 0.89-1.07; ORlowSEP = 1.14; 0.99-1.32). This study demonstrates an association between area-level deprivation and DLD that is modified by individual-level SEP. The findings underscore the importance of stratification by individual-level SEP in analysing area-level effects on health, as the area-level effects can be contradictory according to individual-level SEP. Y1 - 2025 UR - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40456517/ U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckaf082 SP - 1 EP - 6 PB - Oxford University Press CY - Oxford ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mercat, Alexandre A1 - Sainio, Joose A1 - Le Moan, Steven A1 - Herglotz, Christian T1 - Do we need 10 bits? : assessing HEVC encoders for energy-efficient HDR video streaming T2 - IEEE journal on emerging and selected topics in circuits and systems N2 - High-dynamic range (HDR) video content has gained popularity due to its enhanced color depth and luminance range, but it also presents new challenges in terms of compression efficiency and energy consumption. In this paper, we present an in-depth study of the compression performance and energy efficiency of HDR video encoding using High-Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC). In addition to using a native 10-bit HDR encoding configuration as a reference, we explore whether applying tone mapping to an 8-bit representation before encoding can result in additional bitrate and energy savings without compromising visual quality. The main contributions of this work are as follows: 1) a detailed evaluation of four HDR video encoding configurations, three of which leverage tone mapping techniques, 2) a comprehensive experimental setup involving over 15,000 individual encodings across three open-source HEVC encoders (Kvazaar, x265, and SVT-HEVC) and multiple presets, 3) the use of two advanced perception-based metrics for BD-rate calculations, one of which is specifically tailored to capture colour distortions and 4) an open-source dataset consisting of all experimental results for further research. Among the three tone-mapping configurations tested, our findings show that a simple bit-shifting approach can achieves significant reductions in both bitrate and energy consumption compared to the native 10-bit HDR encoding configuration. This research aims to lay an initial foundation for understanding the balance between coding efficiency and energy consumption in HDR video encoding, offering valuable insights to guide future advancements in the field. KW - Energy efficiency, High-dynamic range, High-efficiency video coding (HEVC), Tone mapping, Video coding Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/JETCAS.2025.3533041 SN - 2156-3357 VL - 15 IS - 1 SP - 31 EP - 43 PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) CY - New York ER - TY - GEN A1 - Martin, Alexander A1 - Horvat, Djerdj A1 - Jäger, Angela A1 - Pilav-Velić, Amila T1 - The impact of top management team's innovation orientation on organizational ambidexterity in transitional economies : evidence from Bosnia and Herzegovina T2 - Technology in society N2 - Organizational ambidexterity plays an essential role in understanding how firms compete and prosper in dynamic environments. However, our understanding of the antecedents and effects of organizational ambidexterity is primarily derived from studies conducted in developed economies, while transitional economies with their unique characteristics and challenges are less well understood. Grounded in upper echelon theory, this paper contends that the innovation orientation of a firm's top management team (TMT) impacts organizational ambidexterity and firm performance. Drawing on a dataset of 192 small and medium-sized companies from Bosnia and Herzegovina, and estimating several OLS regressions, we find evidence that TMT's innovation orientation negatively impacts firm performance in transitional economies. Further, we see that the impact of the TMT's innovation orientation on the balance dimension of organizational ambidexterity is inverted U-shaped. Organizational innovation culture leverages this relation. Intriguingly, we found that in transitional economies, organizational ambidexterity was not correlated with firm performance, but its components exploration and exploitation were, albeit in opposite directions. Overall, our work ads nuanced insights to the antecedents and effects of organizational ambidexterity in transitional economies. KW - Organizational ambidexterity KW - Firm performance KW - Transitional economies KW - Upper echelon theory KW - TMT's innovation orientation KW - Organizational innovation culture Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2025.102939 VL - 82 SP - 1 EP - 15 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Beyeler, Laura A1 - Eimterbäumer, Marlene A1 - Jürgens, Meret A1 - Böckel, Alexa A1 - Schoch, Konrad A1 - Bichler, Regina M. A1 - Straub-Mück, Michael A1 - Molnár, Magdolna A1 - Jaeger-Erben, Melanie T1 - We have to talk! : claims of early career researchers to transform circular economy research T2 - Resources, conservation and recycling KW - Circular Economy KW - Sustainable Transformation KW - Early Career Researchers Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921344925003015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2025.108423 VL - 221 SP - 1 EP - 3 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kinga, Harriet A1 - Damptey, Frederick Gyasi A1 - Harms, Danilo A1 - Jocqué, Rudy A1 - Henrard, Arnaud A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Active restoration of post-mining forest benefits the activity density, but not the diversity of spider communities across the seasons in Ghana T2 - African invertebrates N2 - Forest restoration often involves monitoring programmes to determine whether biodiversity levels and ecosystem services have changed over time. This study investigated changes in ground-hunting spider communities (families Ctenidae, Lycosidae and Zodariidae) in an actively restored forest, an unrestored gravel mine, and two alternative land-use types (agroforestry system and an arable field) to assess whether a two-decade post-mine restoration programme has been successful in restoring biodiversity to levels of a reference natural forest. The overall activity density of ground-hunting spiders (based on both juveniles and adult specimens) was highest in the natural and the restored forest in the dry season and lowest in the arable field and agroforestry system in the wet season. The inverse Simpson index was highest at the gravel site in the wet season, followed by natural forest in both seasons and lower values in the restored forest. The community composition of spiders differed significantly between land-use types (open versus forest habitats) and the interaction between land use and season also differed significantly. The species Pardosa injucunda and Trochosa gentilis dominated the communities in the restored forest, but Africactenus monitor dominated the natural forest and Hogna gratiosa dominated communities in the gravel site. Surprisingly, active forest restoration promoted the activity density of ground-hunting spiders displaced by mining activities to levels even higher than in the reference natural forest after two decades. However, the community composition of the restored forest was more similar to the agroforestry system than to the natural forest. These results highlight the benefits of restoring former mining sites but also show the trade-offs in terms of restoration goals, as natural forest biodiversity of spiders was not achieved after 20 years. KW - Mining KW - Deforestation KW - Community composition KW - Agroforestry system KW - Biodiversity conservation KW - Araneae Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3897/AfrInvertebr.66.138662 SN - 2305-2562 IS - 66 SP - 1 EP - 18 PB - Pensoft CY - Sofia ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rakhi, Rakhi A1 - Mauss, Fabian T1 - Thermodynamic model : steam and oxidative reforming of methane over nickel catalyst T2 - Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis N2 - In this paper, we have used a thermodynamic model for the first time to investigate the steam and oxidative reforming of methane over a nickel catalyst in a wide temperature range, i.e., 400–1200 K. The available literature focus on the kinetic models and hence, thermodynamic models require attention to understand the behaviour of the thermochemistry of the species involved in the mechanism. This study presents the comparison between the species concentration produced using the thermodynamic model against the available kinetic model to validate the results. The investigation is further extended, firstly, to perform the sensitivity analysis of the reactions involved in a thermodynamic model to figure out the most influential reactions at various temperatures and pressures. This allows us to compare the most influencing reactions in reforming process for kinetic and thermodynamic model to optimize the processes. Secondly, the reaction flow analysis is carried out for the thermodynamic model to comprehend the effect of the thermochemistry of the species and the major difference in the reaction pathways for both the models are noted. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11144-024-02571-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11144-024-02571-8 VL - 137 IS - 2 SP - 791 EP - 812 PB - Springer ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fionna, Zoellner A1 - Erhart, Michael A1 - Schütz, Raphael A1 - Napp, Ann-Kathrin A1 - Devine, Janine A1 - Reiss, Franziska A1 - Ravens-Sieberer, Ulrike A1 - Kaman, Anne T1 - Two decades of loneliness among children and adolescents : longitudinal trends, risks and resources : results from the German BELLA and COPSY studies T2 - European child & adolescent psychiatry N2 - Loneliness among young people is a significant public health concern, yet research on its prevalence, longitudinal trends, and associated risk and resource factors in Germany remains limited. This paper draws on two German longitudinal panel surveys with refreshment sampling – the BELLA study (2003–2017) and the subsequent COPSY study (2020–2024), and includes ten nationwide measurement points. The sample comprised N = 3,043 participants (49.9% female; age range 11–17 years) from the BELLA study, and N = 1,909 participants (51.0% female; age range 11–17 years) from the COPSY study. Our findings indicate that loneliness rates remained relatively stable between 2003 and 2017 (9.5–15.5%) but spiked dramatically in 2020 (34.6%) during the COVID-19 pandemic. By 2024, 20.5% of young people still reported feeling lonely at least sometimes during the past week. Consistently, girls were more likely to report loneliness than boys. Mixed model panel regression analyses identified key risk factors for loneliness, like female gender, screen time, parental mental illness, as well as mental and physical health complaints in children and adolescents. In contrast, personal, familial, and social resources were associated with lower levels of loneliness. While some degree of loneliness is a common experience in youth, persistent loneliness poses a risk to mental and physical health. Our findings underscore the need for targeted interventions, particularly in school, leisure, and family settings, where social and emotional skills can be fostered. KW - Loneliness KW - Mental health KW - Risk factors KW - Youth KW - Longitudinal KW - COVID-19 Y1 - 2025 UR - https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00787-025-02779-6.pdf U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-025-02779-6 SN - 1018-8827 VL - 2025 SP - 1 EP - 13 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bapfubusa Niyibizi, Ingrid Aline A1 - Addison, Pia A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Effect of pest control strategies on arthropod pests of apple in Europe : a meta‐analysis. T2 - Journal of applied entomology N2 - Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) is a major fruit crop in Europe. More than 200 phytophagous arthropod species thrive in European apple orchards, several of which are economically important pests. Due to the pest pressure on apple production, consumer demand for residue-free products and current policies to make food production in the European Union more sustainable, pest management has become an important issue in meeting the high cosmetic standards expected for apples on the fresh fruit market. The aim of this study was to determine the most effective management strategy to reduce the abundance of arthropod pests of apples in Europe. We conducted a Europe-wide meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of integrated pest management (IPM) and organic management in reducing the abundance of arthropod pests. We also examined the differences between synthetic and organic pesticides in terms of pest reduction as a core element of the difference between IPM and organic apple production systems in Europe. We found an overall nonsignificant effect of IPM compared to organic management. However, when comparing synthetic pesticides with organic pesticides, we found that synthetic pesticides were significantly more effective. On the other hand, organic pesticides showed a significant positive effect in controlling pest populations when compared to an absence of treatment. This analysis highlights the effectiveness of synthetic pesticides over organic pesticides, while accounting for the inherent heterogeneity within each group, and suggests that factors beyond insecticide use play an important role in pest reduction in organic and IPM apple production systems in Europe. KW - Apple pests KW - Apple production KW - IPM in Europe KW - Synthetic pesticides KW - Pest management KW - Organic agriculture Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.13416 SN - 1439-0418 VL - 2025 SP - 1 EP - 31 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken, New Jersey ER - TY - GEN A1 - Saito, Ryota A1 - Yamanobe, Hiroki A1 - Yabuki, Kazuma A1 - Suzuki, Tomohiro A1 - Saito, Takeru A1 - Hakozaki, Shuntaro A1 - Wanner, Manfred T1 - Salinity tolerance in resting cysts of colpodid ciliates : comparative transcriptomics analysis and chemical analysis of cyst walls to investigate their tolerance capability. T2 - Current research in microbial sciences N2 - The formation of resting cysts is a strategy for survival in unfavorable environments by single cell organisms such as protists. Here, we show that Colpoda resting cysts have high salinity tolerance and investigate the changes in gene expression that underpin this effect. Colpoda resting cysts can tolerate saline conditions up to 3.5 % NaCl. A comparative transcriptome analysis of vegetative cells and resting cysts showed that the relative levels of expression of genes associated with membrane function increased in resting cysts. These changes in gene expression suggest that reconstruction of the plasma membrane is associated with salinity tolerance. The resting cyst forms cyst-specific cellular structure known as the cyst wall. The outer shell-like layer, called the ectocyst, while the inner multiple layers, known as the endocyst. The chemical analysis showed ectocyst contains chitin and endocyst contains several proteins. These structures can protect cells by acting as a biological armor or protective materials. The results of this study offer a possible scenario in which salinity tolerance enables the widespread dispersal of protists. KW - Protist KW - Chitin KW - Biodiversity KW - Actin KW - Cryptobiosis KW - NGS KW - NGS Dormancy Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crmicr.2025.100371 SN - 2666-5174 VL - 8 SP - 1 EP - 15 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kedia, Mayank A1 - Das, Chittaranjan A1 - Kot, Malgorzata A1 - Yalcinkaya, Yenal A1 - Zuo, Weiwei A1 - Tabah Tanko, Kenedy A1 - Matvija, Peter A1 - Ezquer, Mikel A1 - Cornago, Iñaki A1 - Hempel, Wolfram A1 - Kauffmann, Florian A1 - Plate, Paul A1 - Lira-Cantu, Monica A1 - Weber, Stefan A.L. A1 - Saliba, Michael T1 - Mitigating the amorphization of perovskite layers by using atomic layer deposition of alumina T2 - Energy & environmental science N2 - Atomic layer deposition of aluminum oxide (ALD-Al2O3) layers has recently been studied for stabilizing perovskite solar cells (PSCs) against environmental stressors, such as humidity and oxygen. In addition, the ALD-Al2O3 layer acts as a protective barrier, mitigating pernicious halide ion migration from the perovskite towards the hole transport interface. However, its effectiveness in preventing the infiltration of ions and additives from the hole-transport layer into perovskites remains insufficiently understood. Herein, we demonstrate the deposition of a compact ultrathin (∼0.75 nm) ALD-Al2O3 layer that conformally coats the morphology of a triple-cation perovskite layer. This promotes an effective contact of the hole transporter layer on top of the perovskite, thereby improving the charge carrier collection between these two layers. Upon systematically investigating the layer-by-layer structure of the PSC, we discovered that ALD-Al2O3 also acts as a diffusion barrier for the degraded species from the adjacent transport layer into the perovskite. In addition to these protective considerations, ALD-Al2O3 impedes the transition of crystalline perovskites to an undesired amorphous phase. Consequently, the dual functionality (i.e., enhanced contact and diffusion barrier) of the ALD-Al2O3 protection enhanced the device performance from 19.1% to 20.5%, while retaining 98% of its initial performance compared to <10% for pristine devices after 1500 h of outdoor testing under ambient conditions. Finally, this study deepens our understanding of the mechanism of ALD-Al2O3 as a two-way diffusion barrier, highlighting the multifaceted role of buffer layers in interfacial engineering for the long-term stability of PSCs. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/D4EE05703A SN - 1754-5692 VL - 18 IS - 11 SP - 5250 EP - 5263 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) CY - London ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schlipf, Jon A1 - Cutolo, Maria Alessandra A1 - Manganelli, Costanza Lucia A1 - Reiter, Sebastian A1 - Seibold, Götz A1 - Skibitzki, Oliver A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Fischer, Inga Anita T1 - Fabrication and optical characterization of CMOS-compatible honeycomb-like large-scale lattices of near-field coupled plasmonic TiN nanotriangles T2 - Advanced optical materials N2 - Honeycomb-like plasmonic titanium nitride nanotriangle arrays defined by photolithography and fabricated in a modified silicon-germanium electronic–photonic integrated circuit process in a state-of-the-art pilot line. The nanotriangle arrays are characterized in experiments and simulations. The momentum-dependent reflectance spectra exhibit not only features that are consistent with surface lattice resonances in the honeycomb lattice but also minima governed by near-field coupling of the individual nanotriangles. The optical characterization results in combination with simulation-based predictions indicate that such nanotriangle arrays are capable of supporting collective plasmonic resonances that can be described as massless Dirac particles. The fabrication approach opens up the possibility of integrating the structures into device fabrication processes, and avenues toward near-infrared sensing and communication applications are predicted. KW - Plasmonic Nanostructures KW - Optics of Nanostructures Y1 - 2025 UR - https://advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/adom.202403408 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/adom.202403408 SN - 2195-1071 VL - 2025 SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - GEN A1 - Diegel, Christian A1 - Schricker, Klaus A1 - Schmidt, Leander A1 - Seibold, Marc A1 - Friedmann, Hannes A1 - Hellwig, Peter A1 - Fröhlich, Fabian A1 - Nagel, Falk A1 - Kallage, Peter A1 - Rack, Alexander A1 - Requardt, Herwig A1 - Chen, Yunhui A1 - Bergmann, Jean Pierre T1 - In situ characterization of keyhole behavior and spatter formation in full penetration laser beam welding with local gas flow using high-speed synchrotron X-ray imaging T2 - Optics & laser technology N2 - Spatter formation is a major issue at welding speeds above 8 m/min for full penetration laser beam welding of high-alloyed steels. In experiments using a local gas flow directed at the keyhole rear wall, a reduction in spatter formation on the specimen top side was observed for welding of AISI 304. However, the interaction between gas flow and keyhole behavior with respect to the mechanisms and locations of spatter detachment, especially on the bottom side, is not yet fully understood. High-speed synchrotron X-ray imaging enables detailed insights into the keyhole behavior and the spatter formation to obtain a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms. During the reference experiments welding without shielding gas flow, the spatter detach from a melt pool swelling behind the keyhole aperture on both sides of the sheet. A gas flow with a low flow rate of 4.8 L/min reduces the spatter formation on the top side and the keyhole length due to the absence of oxygen affecting the surface tension. A swelling also forms on the keyhole front on the bottom side and small spatter detach undirected. Increasing the flow rate to 12.8 L/min elongates the keyhole, particularly on the specimen top side. The increased momentum transfer of the gas flow results in a periodic keyhole oscillation on the specimen top side. In combination with an elongated melt pool, the oscillation is directly correlated with the hump formation, caused by melt being pushed over the already solidified weld seam. In addition, spatter does not detach from the top side due to the changed melt flow and only detach from the keyhole front on the bottom side. KW - Laser welding KW - Spatter formation KW - Gas flow KW - High-speed X-ray imaging KW - Synchrotron KW - In situ Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113367 SN - 0030-3992 VL - 191 SP - 1 EP - 17 PB - Elsevier BV CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wilken, Robert A1 - Schmitt, Julien A1 - Dost, Florian A1 - Bürgin, David T1 - Does the presentation of true costs at the point of purchase nudge consumers toward sustainable product options? T2 - Marketing Letters N2 - Do true cost campaigns (TCCs)—which display prices at the point of purchase that include social and environmental negative externalities—nudge consumers toward more expensive sustainable products? From a theoretical point of view, the answer is promising: Communicating true costs means introducing external reference prices that provide a benchmark for consumers to assess price acceptability. Showing true costs triggers a general reference to the price of sustainability, and the higher price of sustainable products becomes at least partially explained by their lower “hidden costs” (i.e., costs to compensate for all environmental and social impacts). In two empirical studies, we demonstrate that for TCCs to be effective, the hidden costs for the sustainable products must be lower than those for the conventional alternatives. Interestingly, under this condition, TCCs have an effect in markets characterized by a larger (study 1) and a smaller (study 2) green gap. In both studies, we find that increased perceived price fairness explains the effect of TCCs, as measured by the relative preference for the sustainable compared to the conventional product. In addition, we see that the price difference between the two products plays a significant role in forming this preference judgment, independent of other factors included in the model and especially independent of TCC. KW - Marketing KW - Economics and Econometrics KW - Business and International Management Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11002-023-09713-3 SN - 0923-0645 SP - 1 EP - 14 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lamann, Arian A1 - Winkler, Herwig A1 - Lange, Hans Rüdiger A1 - Abdelkafi, Nizar T1 - Co-innovation tools, mechanisms and methods : status quo and potentials T2 - Procedia CIRP N2 - Co-innovation and open innovation are approaches to innovation management that are designed to stimulate innovation in organizations. This study analyzes technical offline and online support tools that can aid co-innovation projects by identifying appropriate functionalities. A systematic literature review and analysis of co-innovation tools reveals a lack of support, particularly in the areas of (i) intellectual property management, (ii) compliance and legal management, (iii) planning and analysis management, and (iv) performance and monitoring management. Physical toolkits show advanced development in meeting the criteria, while software solutions lag behind. The findings highlight the need for comprehensive innovation support tools. KW - Innovation projects; Innovation management; Support tools Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212827125005360 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2025.02.165 SN - 2212-8271 VL - 134 SP - 514 EP - 519 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Moor, Irene A1 - Bucksch, Jens A1 - Fischer, Saskia M. A1 - Reiß, Franziska A1 - Schierl, Theresa A1 - Schütz, Raphael A1 - Sendatzki, Saskia A1 - Winter, Kristina A1 - HBSC Studienverbund, A1 - Dadaczynski, Kevin T1 - Die Gesundheit von Schüler:innen in Deutschland : Ergebnisse der HBSC-Studie T2 - Public health forum N2 - Die HBSC-Studie ist die weltweit größte Studie zur Kinder- und Jugendgesundheit und erfasst alle vier Jahre die Gesundheit und das Gesundheitsverhalten im Schulkontext. Die aktuellen Ergebnisse in Deutschland weisen auf Handlungsbedarf in den Bereichen psychische Gesundheit, (Cyber-)Mobbing, Einsamkeit, körperliche Aktivität, Gesundheitskompetenz und gesundheitliche Chancengleichheit hin. Vor allem Mädchen, gender-diverse, ältere und sozioökonomisch benachteiligte Heranwachsende sollten adressiert werden. KW - Gesundheit KW - Gesundheitsverhalten KW - Gesundheitskompetenz KW - HBSC KW - Kinder und Jugendliche KW - Schule Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/pubhef-2025-0010 SN - 0944-5587 VL - 33 IS - 2 SP - 126 EP - 130 PB - De Gruyter CY - Berlin ; Boston, Massachusetts ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hoffmann, Stephanie A1 - Tschorn, Mira A1 - Spallek, Jacob T1 - Social inequalities in early childhood language development during the COVID-19 pandemic : a descriptive study with data from three consecutive school entry surveys in Germany T2 - International Journal for Equity in Health N2 - Background Social health inequalities are still of great public health importance in modern societies. The COVID-19 pandemic may have affected social inequalities in people's health due to containment measures. As these measures particularly affected children, they might have been particularly vulnerable to increased social inequalities. The aim of the study was to describe health inequalities during the pandemic based on language delay (LD) in children in order to inform public health interventions for a population at risk of long-term health and education inequalities. Methods Data of 5–7 year old children from three consecutive school entry surveys in the German federal state of Brandenburg were used, including data compulsorily collected before the pandemic (2018/2019: n = 19,299), at the beginning of the pandemic (2019/2020: n = 19,916) and during the pandemic (2020/2021: n = 19,698). Bivariate and multivariate binary regression analyses [OR, 95% CI] cross-sectionally examined the relationship between the prevalence of LD [yes/no] and social inequalities, operationalized by family socioeconomic position [SEP low/middle/high], migration background [native-German language/non-native German language] and length of kindergarten attendance [< 4 years/ ≥ 4 years]. Factors contributing to inequality in LD were examined by socioeconomic stratification. Results Cross-sectionally, LD prevalence has decreased overall (2018/2019: 21.1%, 2019/2020: 19.2%, 2020/2021: 18.8%), and among children from both high SEP and native German-speaking families. As LD prevalence increased among children from families with low SEP and remained stable among non-native German speakers, social inequalities in LD prevalence increased slightly during the pandemic i) by low SEP (2018/2019: OR = 4.41, 3.93–4.94; 2020/2021: OR = 5.12, 4.54–5.77) and ii) by non-German native language (2018/2019: OR = 2.22, 1.86–2.66; 2020/2021: OR = 2.54, 2.19–2.95). During the pandemic, both migration background and kindergarten attendance determined LD prevalence in the high and middle SEP strata. However, the measured factors did not contribute to LD prevalence in children from families with low SEP. Conclusion Social inequalities in LD increased due to opposing trends in prevalence comparing low and high SEP families. To promote health equity across the life course, early childhood should be of interest for tailored public health actions (e.g. through targeted interventions for kindergarten groups). Further analytical studies should investigate determinants (e.g., parental investment). Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-023-02079-y SN - 1475-9276 VL - 23 IS - 2 SP - 1 EP - 13 PB - BioMed Central CY - London ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bode Agunbiade, Michael A1 - Mawdo, Jallow A1 - Camara, Fagimba A1 - Fotang, Chefor A1 - Tangwa, Elvis A1 - Amos Oladosu, Olayinka A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Mapping suitable habitat for hooded vultures necrosyrtes monachus in one of the last West African strongholds for the species, The Gambia. T2 - The Ostrich : journal of African ornithology N2 - Hooded Vultures Necrosyrtes monachus are Critically Endangered, with numbers decreasing due to illegal poisoning, hunting for belief-based use and food, and habitat loss. In The Gambia, human activities currently benefit commensalism between humans and Hooded Vultures, as these birds primarily feed on carcasses and organic waste found around human settlements. This study aimed to identify suitable habitats for Hooded Vultures in The Gambia and assess the importance of environmental variables for habitat suitability. We surveyed 791 km of roads by car in 2017 and 2021 for signs of vulture occurrence (n = 179). Occurrence data were combined with 15 environmental variables using the Maximum Entropy species distribution model (MaxEnt) to predict suitable habitats. We found that 43.7% of the country is unsuitable as habitat for Hooded Vultures, 27.1% is of low suitability, 17.6% is of moderate suitability, and 11.6% is of high suitability. Highly suitable vulture habitats were identified in the western region and the greater Banjul area. The likelihood of vulture occurrence increased with the density of built-up areas and proximity to roads but decreased with the density of water bodies. Vulture habitats are limited across the country and are constrained to certain climatic conditions in areas of intense human settlement, such as arid and semi-arid regions with low rainfall and high temperatures. Although the commensal relationship with humans brings benefits to the vultures, it also exposes them to human-caused threats that can reduce their survival. Our results suggest that urban planning, waste management, and climate impacts should be considered in their long-term conservation planning. KW - MaxEnt KW - West Africa KW - Vulture conservation KW - Species distribution model Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2989/00306525.2025.2474919 SN - 1727-947X VL - 96 IS - 1 SP - 24 EP - 35 PB - NISC CY - Grahamstown ER - TY - GEN A1 - Otto, Pascal A1 - Witkabel, Philipp A1 - Barth, Maximilian A1 - Ammar, Aziz Ben A1 - Rocktaeschel, Benjamin A1 - Torrent, Daniel A1 - Latorre-Peréz, Adriel A1 - Krause, Maximilian A1 - Abendroth, Christian T1 - Adaptation of the anaerobic microbiome for in-situ power-to-CH4 processes through fuzzy logic control of H2 input T2 - Bioresource technology reports N2 - This study presents the first application of fuzzy logic control (FLC) for regulating in-situ biological methanation via H2 injection in a fixed-bed reactor. Given the role of CH4 as a storable and infrastructure-compatible energy carrier, the aim was to improve CH4 production by dynamically adapting the H2 supply to the metabolic capacity of the microbiome. This will pave the way for the biological utilisation and storage of renewable H2. Over a 226- day operational period, H2 input was gradually increased based on real-time headspace gas measurements. Coupling the gradual increase in H2 supply with real-time gas composition data allowed the microbiome to adapt dynamically to changing process conditions. This approach led to a 49 % increase in CH4 concentration, from 58.4 % to 87.0 %, and improved H2 conversion rates from 98.2 % to 99.0 %. Chemical analyses of COD, organic acids and nitrogen were performed, as well as taxonomic analyses using 16S rRNA sequencing, and multivariate methods were applied to confirm the adaptation of the microbiome to the FLC H2 injection. The adopted microbial community was dominated by strictly hydrogenotrophic methanogens, Methanoculleus and Methanobacterium, while increased abundances of Petrimonas, Rectinema, Syntrophomonas, and Geobacter indicate interspecies H2 transfer and syntrophic cooperation enhancing methanogenesis. These findings demonstrate that FLC-based H2 control enables dynamic adjustment of in-situ methanation, optimising the interaction between hydrogenogenic, fermentative, syntrophic acetate-oxidising, and hydrogenotrophic microorganisms. This work introduces an adaptive control strategy that supports stable and efficient bio-CH4 production and represents a significant advance in the field of power-to-gas technologies. KW - In-situ methanation KW - Biological hydrogen methanation KW - Power-to-Gas KW - Adaptively evolved microbiome KW - 16S rRNA sequencing KW - Fuzzy logic control KW - Multivariate analysis Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biteb.2025.102194 SN - 2589-014X VL - 31 SP - 1 EP - 11 PB - Elsevier BV CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ertugrul, Gökhan A1 - Hälsig, Andre A1 - Rimpl, Robert A1 - Hensel, Jonas A1 - Härtel, Sebastian T1 - Artificial neural network based calibration of Goldak heat source parameters in tandem plasma transferred arc process using finite element analysis T2 - The international journal of advanced manufacturing technology N2 - The paper proposes a novel approach for determining multiple heat source parameters to achieve the necessary accuracy in the numerical prediction for a parallel tandem plasma transferred arc process. An artificial neural network (ANN) approach as a supervised learning–based artificial intelligence (AI) was used to model the complex relationship between heat distribution and tandem/dual heat source parameters based on finite element analysis (FEA). This study presents the first ANN-assisted numerical simulation for multiple heat source optimization of the tandem plasma transferred arc process. The model demonstrated high accuracy in predicting and calibrating the tandem heat source parameters, based on systematic simulation trials of the tandem plasma transferred arc welding. The results of the tandem heat source determined by ANN-assisted FEA were verified using experimental data on melt pool size and substrate distortion. This verification considered metrics such as penetration width, penetration depth, melt pool length, melt pool half-width, and the absolute distortion (measured as the difference between minimum and maximum displacement), with relative errors of 7.0%, 7.6%, 0.4%, 1.9%, and 9.7%, respectively. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-025-15843-x SN - 0268-3768 VL - 2025 SP - 1 EP - 15 PB - Springer Nature CY - London ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schwuchow, Soeren C. T1 - Extractive politics, redistribution, and war : on the rationality of kleptocratic mismanagement T2 - Defence and peace economics N2 - We study a model on the impact of vertical inequality on autocrats’ exploitation of societal wealth and their intended risk of war. Using a general equilibrium model, we demonstrate that autocrats are willing to use the military for redistribution when it increases their share of the rents. They are also willing to harm the economy to deter external threats and are most powerful for extreme un-/equal distributions. These findings offer interesting interpretations. Firstly, even in the absence of external military threats, some autocrats maintain large armies for redistribution, depending on the level of inequality. Secondly, not too low inequality can benefit ordinary citizens. Thirdly, kleptocratic mismanagement is not necessarily an unintended side effect of shameless self-enrichment, but rather a rationally chosen governance to deter too large military threats. This policy could prevent hostilities, but ruins the economy, destroying a society’s wealth. The latter causes ordinary citizens to favor war since the autocrat would then lose their grip at home. These results help to explain why some autocrats maintain excessively large armies, while others stifle their economies, and yet others are drawn into wars. KW - Kleptokracy KW - Economic development KW - Vertical inequality KW - Military expenditures KW - War KW - Corruption Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10242694.2024.2385389 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/10242694.2024.2385389 SN - 1024-2694 VL - 36 IS - 5 SP - 683 EP - 705 PB - Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group CY - London ; Abingdon ER - TY - GEN A1 - Castillo, Susana A1 - Wallraven, Christian A1 - Cunningham, Douglas William T1 - The Semantic space for facial communication T2 - Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds Y1 - 2014 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cav.1593/abstract U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cav.1593 SN - 1546-427X VL - 25 IS - 3-4 SP - 223 EP - 231 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Afitiri, Abdul-Rahaman A1 - Afrifa, Ernest Kofi Amankwa ED - Bergman, Manfred Max T1 - Households’ willingness to use water from a solar water disinfection treatment system for household purposes T2 - World N2 - The consumption of contaminated water contributes to the global burden of diarrhea and other water-borne diseases, especially among young children. While decentralized solar water disinfection treatment systems (hereafter SODIS) remain a viable option to have safe drinking water, our understanding of the effects of household water treatment before use on willingness to accept and adopt a SODIS is limited. In this study, a complementary log-log regression analysis of the compositional and contextual factors that systematically vary with willingness to accept and adopt a SODIS in the Sawla-Tuna-Kalba (STK) district of Ghana was carried out. Based on our findings, a greater proportion of households (97%) are willing to accept and adopt a SODIS. Compositional and contextual factors such as age, marital status, education, religion, and geographical location significantly contribute to households’ willingness to accept and adopt a SODIS in the STK district of Ghana. Households that treat their water before use (66%, p < 0.05) are more likely to accept and adopt a SODIS compared to those that do not treat their water before use. The findings, therefore, suggest that scaling up SODIS in the STK district is sacrosanct and highlight the necessity to analyse compositional and contextual factors influencing willingness to accept and adopt SODIS. Our findings will inform policies and programs aimed at implementing SODIS in the study area to improve the health of communities that rely on poor-quality drinking water sources. KW - SODIS KW - Disinfection KW - Willingness to accept KW - Adoption KW - Sawla-Tuna-Kalba district KW - Complementary log-log regression Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/world5040060 SN - 2673-4060 VL - 5 IS - 4 SP - 1181 EP - 1193 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bhawar, Rohini L. A1 - Kumar, Vinay A1 - Lawand, Divyaja A1 - Kedia, Sumita A1 - Naik, Mrunal A1 - Modale, Shripriya A1 - Reddy, P. R. C. A1 - Islam, Sahidul A1 - Khare, Manoj ED - Williamson, Grant T1 - Aerosol emission patterns from the February 2019 Karnataka fire T2 - Fire N2 - Forests are vital for life on Earth but are threatened by forest fires, which have significant impacts on climate change both locally and globally. This study examines a forest fire that lasted from 15 to 26 February 2019 in Karnataka, India, using the Weather Research and Forecasting model with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) model to analyze the effects and atmospheric spread of fire-emitted aerosols. Model simulations are analyzed to understand the horizontal and vertical transport and radiative effects of the fire. The results show high aerosol levels and smoke particles reaching up to 3.5 km altitude and above. The fire raised near-surface air temperatures by ~1–1.5 °C. The net atmospheric forcing due to the fire over the affected area ranged from approximately 10 to 14 W/m 2 , resulting in heating rates between about 0.002 and 0.005 K/day in the impacted region. KW - Forest fire KW - Western ghats KW - Black carbon KW - Particulate matters Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/fire7120424 SN - 2571-6255 VL - 7 IS - 12 SP - 1 EP - 15 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schütz, Raphael A1 - Reiss, Franziska A1 - Moor, Irene A1 - Kaman, Anne A1 - Bilz, Ludwig T1 - Lonely children and adolescents are less healthy and report less social support : a study on the effect of loneliness on mental health and the moderating role of social support T2 - BMC public health N2 - Background Loneliness among children and adolescents has been increasingly recognized as a public health issue, for example, because of its associations with mental health problems. Nevertheless, there is a lack of evidence regarding the links between loneliness and mental health and the potential buffering role of social support. Thus, this study aims to investigate the prevalence of loneliness among children and adolescents in Germany and its associations with mental health. Furthermore, we analyze whether social support is negatively correlated with loneliness and mental health problems and whether it acts as a moderator of the association between loneliness and mental health issues. Methods This study analyzed data from the Health Behavior in School-aged Children (HBSC) survey in Germany in 2022, which included 6,475 students aged 11, 13, and 15 years (girls: 50,6%, Mage = 13,4, SD = 1,7). Loneliness was measured via the University of California–Los Angeles Scale (UCLA) and a single-item measure. The mental health indicators included subjective health, life satisfaction, and multiple psychosomatic complaints. Social support from family, teachers, and classmates was assessed. Chi-square tests, t tests, logistic regressions, and moderation analyses were conducted. Results A total of 17.2% of the students reported high levels of loneliness. Compared with boys, girls and gender-diverse students reported higher rates of loneliness. High levels of loneliness were strongly linked to poorer subjective health (OR = 5.56, p <.001), lower life satisfaction (OR = 7.32, p <.001), and increased psychosomatic complaints (OR = 7.38, p <.001). High social support from family, teachers, and students was associated with reduced loneliness and better mental health outcomes. Teacher support in grades 7 and 9 buffered the effect of loneliness on multiple psychosomatic complaints. Conclusion The findings highlight that loneliness is a prevalent phenomenon among children and adolescents and is strongly associated with mental health issues. Greater social support is linked to reduced loneliness and better mental health, so targeted interventions to promote social support in schools and families are needed to address loneliness. Future research should explore longitudinal relationships and further elucidate the mechanisms underlying these associations. KW - Loneliness KW - Mental health KW - Social support KW - HBSC KW - Children KW - Adolescents Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-23247-5 SN - 1471-2458 VL - 25 SP - 1 EP - 21 PB - BioMed Central (BMC) CY - London ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maaß, Laura A1 - Dockweiler, Christoph A1 - Hocke-Bolte, Zora A1 - Hoffmann, Stephanie A1 - Fischer, Florian A1 - Forberger, Sarah A1 - Gebert, Janika A1 - Holl, Felix A1 - Hrynyschyn, Robert A1 - Kernebeck, Sven A1 - Pischke, Claudia R. A1 - Posselt, Jacqueline A1 - Spallek, Jacob T1 - Digital Public Health in Deutschland : Status quo, Herausforderungen und Zukunftsperspektiven T2 - Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz N2 - Dieses Positionspapier des Fachbereichs Digital Public Health der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Public Health e. V. definiert Digital Public Health (DiPH) und beschreibt deren Ziele sowie Potenziale. Ferner geht es auf die derzeitige Situation und Herausforderungen sowie Handlungsbedarfe in Deutschland ein. Der Schwerpunkt liegt hierbei auf der Darstellung der flächendeckenden Förderung der (digitalen) Gesundheitskompetenz, der Anwendung von DiPH in der Prävention, Gesundheitsförderung und Versorgung, dem Einsatz innovativer, präventiver Strategien zur Vorbeugung nichtübertragbarer Krankheiten und der Lehre von DiPH innerhalb von Public-Health-Studiengängen. Zudem werden notwendige Maßnahmen und Forderungen zur Stärkung von DiPH in Deutschland resümiert. N2 - This position paper from the Digital Public Health Section of the German Public Health Association defines digital public health (DiPH) and describes its goals and potential. It also addresses the current situation and challenges as well as the need for action in Germany. The focus here is on the presentation of the nationwide promotion of (digital) health literacy; the application of DiPH in prevention, health promotion, and healthcare; the use of innovative preventive strategies for the prevention of non-communicable diseases; and the teaching of DiPH in academic public health programs. Finally, relevant measures and demands to strengthen DiPH in Germany are summarized. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-024-03989-0 VL - 68 SP - 176 EP - 184 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ; Heidelberg ER - TY - GEN A1 - Xie, T. A1 - Rachow, F. A1 - Rakhi, undefined A1 - Berg, H. P. A1 - Höschler, K. T1 - Heat transfer analysis of a tube-in-tube steam reformer for the application of MGT-SOFC hybrid process T2 - Numerical Heat Transfer, Part A: Applications N2 - This work deals with the evaluation of a tube-in-tube reformer concept for the realization of the Micro Gas Turbine Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (MGT-SOFC) hybrid process using a semi-validated numerical model. Rigorous heat transfer analysis considering chemical reactions were performed for this concept. To validate the reforming kinetics and heat transfer mechanisms in a catalyst bed, experiments were conducted using a single reactor tube located in a temperature-controlled furnace. Different experimental conditions, such as furnace temperature and space velocity, were considered. A numerical model was replicated according to the single-tube reactor investigated and validated with the experimental results. The catalyst bed is considered as porous material with chemical reactions as internal source terms of species transport equations and energy transport equation. Since the heat transfer into the reformer tubes in the real operating environment is subject to different mechanisms (predominantly convection) than that in a furnace (predominantly thermal radiation), only the parameters on the side of the catalyst bed tuned by the single-tube experiment could be retained for the numerical model of the tube-in-tube concept, which leads to a semi-validated model. Based on this semi-validated model, the performance (such as temperature distribution, conversion rate of the products, etc.) and the applicability of a tube-in-tube reformer concept, considering the variation of boundary conditions, were investigated and evaluated. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/10407782.2024.2323169 SN - 1040-7782 SP - 1 EP - 19 PB - Taylor&Francis ER - TY - GEN A1 - Koulieris, George Alex A1 - Drettakis, George A1 - Cunningham, Douglas William A1 - Mania, Katerina T1 - C-lod: Context-aware material level-of-detail applied to mobile graphics T2 - Computer Graphics Forum Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/cgf.12411 SN - 1467-8659 N1 - Proceedings of the Eurographics Symposium on Rendering VL - 33 IS - 4 SP - 41 EP - 49 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Koulieris, George Alex A1 - Drettakis, George A1 - Cunningham, Douglas William T1 - An automated high level saliency predictor for smart gane balancing T2 - ACM Transactions on Applied Perception : (TAP) Y1 - 2014 SN - 1544-3965 VL - 11 IS - 4 SP - 17-1 EP - 17-21 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kegel, Jan A1 - Wiesenthal, Jan A1 - Welling, Malte A1 - Kapse, Aniket A1 - Hirschl, Bernd A1 - Sauer, Dirk Uwe T1 - User acceptance of battery swapping in battery electric vehicles among private users in Germany T2 - npj sustainable mobility and transport N2 - The market ramp-up of battery electric vehicles (BEVs) continues to falter in Germany. One reason is missing user acceptance for BEVs, mainly due to insufficient range, inadequate charging infrastructure, and excessive costs. Many of these obstacles could be addressed through battery swapping stations. This study validates existing barriers to e-mobility, investigates whether battery swapping could alleviate existing barriers, and identifies potential concerns associated with battery swapping. This study is based on an online questionnaire completed by 1902 individuals representative of the German population. Results indicate that individuals interested in BEVs particularly recognize battery swapping as a problem solver. BEV owners also recognize the potential of swapping but have fewer concerns regarding e-mobility in the first place. A discrete choice experiment embedded in the survey revealed a willingness to pay an additional €56 per month for a BEV with swapping technology compared to a BEV with an integrated battery. KW - Mobility KW - E-mobility KW - Batteries KW - Consumer preferences KW - Battery swapping Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s44333-025-00042-8 SN - 3004-8664 VL - 2 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 12 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC CY - [London] ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hozad, Ahmad Shabir A1 - Abendroth, Christian T1 - Electro-composting : an emerging technology T2 - Fermentation N2 - This study focuses on electrical stimulation for composting. Using the PSALSAR method, a comprehensive systematic review analysis identified 22 relevant articles. The examined studies fall into four main systems: electric field-assisted aerobic composting (EAAC), electrolytic oxygen aerobic composting (EOAC), microbial fuel cells (MFCs), and thermoelectric generators (TEGs). Apart from the main systems highlighted above, bioelectrochemically assisted anaerobic composting (AnCBE, III) is discussed as an underexplored system with the potential to improve the efficiency of anaerobic degradation. Each system is described in terms of key materials, composter design, operating conditions, temperature evolution, compost maturity, microbial community, and environmental outcomes. EAAC and EOAC systems accelerate organic matter decomposition by improving oxygen distribution and microbial activity, whereas MFC and TEG systems have dual functioning due to the energy generated alongside waste degradation. These innovative systems not only significantly improve composting efficiency by speeding up organic matter breakdown and increasing oxygen supply but also support sustainable waste management by reducing greenhouse gas emissions and generating bioelectricity or heat. Together, these systems overcome the drawbacks of conventional composting systems and promote future environmental sustainability solutions. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation11070401 SN - 2311-5637 VL - 11 IS - 7 SP - 1 EP - 23 PB - MDPI AG CY - Basel ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wallraven, Christian A1 - Fleming, R. W. A1 - Cunningham, Douglas William A1 - Rigau, J. A1 - Feixas, M. A1 - Sbert, M. T1 - Categorizing art: comparing humans and computers Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stich, Timo A1 - Linz, Christian A1 - Wallraven, Christian A1 - Cunningham, Douglas William A1 - Magnor, Marcus T1 - Perception-motivated interpolation of image sequences T2 - ACM Transactions and Applied Perception Y1 - 2011 SN - 1544-3965 VL - 8 IS - 2 SP - 1 EP - 25 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cunningham, Douglas William A1 - Wallraven, Christian T1 - Dynamic information for the recognition of conversational expressions Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fang, Hui A1 - Tam, Gary K. L. A1 - Borgo, Rita A1 - Aubrey, Andrew A1 - Grant, Philip W. A1 - Rosin, Paul L. A1 - Wallraven, Christian A1 - Cunningham, Douglas William A1 - Marshall, David A1 - Chen, Min T1 - Visualizing Natural Image Statistics T2 - IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics Y1 - 2013 SN - 1941-0506 VL - 19 IS - 7 SP - 1228 EP - 1241 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Castillo, Susana A1 - Legde, Katharina A1 - Cunningham, Douglas William T1 - The Semantic Space for Motion-Captured Facial Expressions T2 - Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cav.1823 SN - 1546-427X VL - 29 IS - 3-4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Castillo, Susana A1 - Cunningham, Douglas William A1 - Winger, Christian A1 - Breuß, Michael T1 - Morphological Amoeba-based Patches for Exemplar-Based Inpainting T2 - Journal of WSCG Y1 - 2018 SN - 1213-6972 VL - 26 IS - 2 SP - 112 EP - 121 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Castillo, Susana A1 - Legde, Katharina A1 - Cunningham, Douglas William T1 - The semantic space for motion-captured facial expressions T2 - Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds Y1 - 2018 SN - 1546-427X VL - 29 IS - 3-4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kaulard, Kathrin A1 - Cunningham, Douglas William A1 - Bülthoff, Heinrich H. A1 - Wallraven, Christian T1 - The MPI facial expressions database - A validated database of emotional and conversational facial expressions T2 - PLoS one Y1 - 2012 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 7 IS - 3 SP - 1 EP - 18 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Preim, Bernhard A1 - Baer, Alexandra A1 - Cunningham, Douglas William A1 - Isenberg, Tobias A1 - Ropinski, Timo T1 - A survey of perceptually motivated 3d visualization of medical image data T2 - Computer Graphics Forum Y1 - 2016 SN - 1467-8659 SN - 0167-7055 VL - 35 IS - 3 SP - 501 EP - 525 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Buß, Lars A1 - Sulaiman, Cathy A1 - Sánchez-Barquilla, Raquel A1 - Cojocariu, Iulia A1 - Szpytma, Marcin A1 - Menteş, Tevfik Onur A1 - Locatelli, Andrea A1 - Falta, Jens A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo T1 - Rise and fall of 1T-TaS₂ : epitaxial growth of monolayer TaS₂ on Au(111) T2 - Physical review materials N2 - Monolayer tantalum disulfide epitaxially grown on Au(111) is studied in real time during molecular beam epitaxy using low-energy electron microscopy and microdiffraction. Complementary x-ray photoelectron emission microscopy provides insight into the chemical and electronic structure of the grown layers. Our study reveals a previously unreported growth mechanism where the formation of 2⁢H−TaS2 proceeds via a transient 1⁢T−TaS2 phase. The 1⁢T−TaS2 phase exhibits a significantly higher growth rate than the 2⁢H−TaS2 phase, with growth proceeding mainly in the 1T phase. By comparison with TaSe2 on Au(111), we find that this growth mechanism is common to other Ta-based transition-metal dichalcogenides on Au(111). Furthermore, we find spectroscopic evidence for the presence of charge-density-wave order in 1⁢T−TaS2 on Au(111). These findings provide perspectives on the growth dynamics and phase control of TaS2, opening up avenues for tailoring its electronic properties through substrate interaction and phase engineering. KW - LEEM KW - Low-energy electron microscopy Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/1bxg-yvw2 SN - 2475-9953 VL - 9 IS - 7 SP - 1 EP - 9 PB - American Physical Society (APS) CY - College Park, MD ER - TY - GEN A1 - Raju, Ashraful Islam A1 - Dubey, Pawan Kumar A1 - Lukose, Rasuole A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Mai, Andreas A1 - Lukosius, Mindaugas T1 - Optimized silicon nitride-spaced graphene electro-optic modulator with high efficiency and bandwidth T2 - Optical and quantum electronics N2 - Optical modulators with high modulation efficiency, large operational bandwidth, high-speed and low energy consumption is essential for the advancement of on-chip optical signal processing. To overcome the bandwidth-efficiency trade-off in graphene optical modulators, a buried silicon nitride waveguide-coupled double-layer graphene electro-absorption (EA) optical modulator has been proposed. In the proposed design, silicon nitride layer is also embedded between the two graphene layers as a dielectric spacer to enhance the graphene-light interaction. An extensive simulation has been performed to optimize the dielectric spacing layers between the two graphene for optimal device performance including the waveguide dimensions and optical modes profile. The simulated results show a high modulation efficiency of 1.1 dB/V and a modulation depth of 0.16 dB/µm, corresponding to a 15-dB extinction ratio for a 100 µm device at 1550 nm, with a 30 nm spacer and 12 V driving voltage. The proposed modulator achieves a 14 GHz bandwidth and operates over a 1050 nm broadband operation spectral range. The concurrent presence of high modulation bandwidth and efficiency renders these modulator designs highly viable for on-chip optical communication applications. KW - Graphene KW - Modulator Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-025-08310-0 SN - 1572-817X VL - 57 IS - 7 SP - 1 EP - 15 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC CY - Dordrecht ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jana, Sayantan A1 - Chauhan, Nikhil A1 - Muthukumar, Palanisamy A1 - Röntzsch, Lars T1 - Transient analysis and performance prediction of a metal hydride based thermal energy storage system with Integrated cooling and heat upgradation T2 - Heat transfer engineering : an international journal N2 - This work embodies a numerical model development and simulation of a metal hydride-based thermal energy storage system with integrated cooling as well heat upgradation. The concept of this system is unique as it operates on thermal drive during the energy storage cycle while during the energy release cycle it is compressor-operated. The utility of the mechanical compressor in the system is two-fold i.e., one operation mode would harness cooling, and another operation mode would fetch heat upgradation. The numerical model devised is a lumped parameter model which solves for hydrogen concentration and temperature of the linked metal hydride reactors. The proposed thermal energy storage system is of 5 MJ capacity which engages tube bundle reactor settings for both high-temperature and low-temperature hydride alloys. Each energy storage and release cycles are simulated for a fixed duration of 10000 s. For a fixed heat supply and heat recovery temperatures of 623 K and 573 K, the system offered cooling coefficient of performance in the range of 1.43–1.58 at 283–293 K. Also, approximately 77% of the energy stored at 623 K could be retrieved at 573 K. In heat upgradation operation mode, 10–30 K temperature lift was accomplished. KW - Metal Hydride KW - Thermal Energy Storage System KW - Simulation Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/01457632.2025.2521599 SN - 0145-7632 SP - 1 EP - 13 PB - Taylor & Francis CY - London ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jäger, Matthias A1 - Eberhardt, Jörg A1 - Cunningham, Douglas W. T1 - 3D reconstruction of partial foot scans using different state of the art neural network approaches T2 - Footwear Science N2 - As online shopping continues to grow in popularity, shoes are increasingly being purchased without being physically tried on. This has resulted in a significant surge in returns, causing both financial and environmental consequences. To tackle this issue, several systems are available to measure foot dimensions accurately either in-store or at home. By obtaining precise foot measurements, individuals can determine their ideal shoe size and prevent unnecessary returns. In order to make such a system as simple as possible for the user, only a single image should be sufficient to measure the foot. To make this possible, point clouds from one side of the foot, which are generated by taking a depth image, are to be used. Since these point clouds represent only one side of the foot, the other side has to be generated. For this purpose, different existing state of the art networks were tested and compared to determine which architecture is best suited for this task. After implementing, re-training on our own dataset and testing the different architectures, it can be concluded that the point/transormer-based network SnowflakeNet is the most efficient to be used for our task. KW - Foot measurement KW - Shape completion KW - Shape reconstruction KW - GAN KW - Neural network KW - Machine learning KW - CNN Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/19424280.2024.2319796 VL - Volume 16 IS - 2 SP - 105 EP - 114 PB - Taylor&Francis ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fotsing, Cedrique A1 - Nziengam, Nafissetou A1 - Bobda, Christophe T1 - Large Common Plansets-4-Points Congruent Sets for Point Cloud Registration T2 - ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information N2 - Point cloud registration combines multiple point cloud data sets collected from different positions using the same or different devices to form a single point cloud within a single coordinate system. Point cloud registration is usually achieved through spatial transformations that align and merge multiple point clouds into a single globally consistent model. In this paper, we present a new segmentation-based approach for point cloud registration. Our method consists of extracting plane structures from point clouds and then, using the 4-Point Congruent Sets (4PCS) technique, we estimate transformations that align the plane structures. Instead of a global alignment using all the points in the dataset, our method aligns 2-point clouds using their local plane structures. This considerably reduces the data size, computational workload, and execution time. Unlike conventional methods that seek to align the largest number of common points between entities, the new method aims to align the largest number of planes. Using partial point clouds of multiple real-world scenes, we demonstrate the superiority of our method compared to raw 4PCS in terms of quality of result (QoS) and execution time. Our method requires about half the execution time of 4PCS in all the tested datasets and produces better alignment of the point clouds. KW - point clouds KW - registration KW - segmentation Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2220-9964/9/11/647 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9110647 SN - 2220-9964 VL - 9 IS - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fotsing, Cedrique A1 - Menadjou, Nareph A1 - Bobda, Christophe T1 - Iterative closest point for accurate plane detection in unorganized point clouds T2 - Automation in Construction N2 - Plane detection is an important step in the reconstruction of 3D models of buildings from point clouds. The results of plane detection methods based on the region growing approach mainly depend on the choice of seed points. In this study, we introduce a novel region growing-based method for plane detection in unorganized point clouds. Our method uses the Iterative Closest Point (ICP) algorithm to extract reliable seeds. To enhance the performance and the quality of the results, we used voxel grids representation of the point clouds in the growing process. The classification of the candidate planes is improved by using the number of voxel cells covering accumulated segments. The method is deterministic, runs in O(nlog(n)), and does not take into account the orientation of the point clouds. The results of plane detection using the proposed method on a benchmark consisting of 9 point clouds of buildings show a better precision of extracted planes compared to those obtained with 3-D KHT and PCL-RANSAC. Although slower than 3-D KHT, our method requires an execution time (3 x times) shorter than PCL-RANSAC. KW - Plane detection KW - Unorganized point clouds KW - Region growing Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0926580521000613 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2021.103610 SN - 0926-5805 VL - Vol. 125 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jäger, Matthias C. A1 - Eberhardt, Jörg A1 - Cunningham, Douglas William T1 - Experimental Analysis of Commercial Optical Methods for Foot Measurement T2 - Sensors N2 - Due to the increasing trend of online shopping, shoes are more and more often bought without being tried on. This leads to a strong increase in returns, which results in a high financial as well as ecological burden. To prevent this, feet can be measured either in the store or at home by various systems to determine the exact dimensions of the foot and derive an optimal shoe size. In this paper, we want to present an overview of the methods currently available on the market for the measurement of feet. The most important commercial systems are classified according to the underlying basic technology. Subsequently, the most promising methods were implemented and tested. The results of the different methods were finally compared to find out the strengths and weaknesses of each technology. After determining the measurement accuracy of the length and width for each measurement method and also comparing the general shape of the 3D reconstruction with the GT, it can be said that the measurement using a ToF sensor is currently the most robust, the easiest and, among other methods, the most accurate method. KW - foot measurement KW - time of flight KW - structured light KW - image processing KW - shape completion Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/s22145438 SN - 1424-8220 VL - 22 IS - 14 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fotsing, Cedrique A1 - Hahn, Philipp A1 - Cunningham, Douglas William A1 - Bobda, Christophe T1 - Volumetric wall detection in unorganized indoor point clouds using continuous segments in 2D grids T2 - Automation in Construction N2 - The quality of 3D models of existing buildings reconstructed from point clouds is strongly related to the segmentation process used to detect structural elements. A new wall detection method in the indoor point clouds of buildings is presented in this study. The point clouds are segmented into horizontal layers, and a concept of continuous segments in a 2D grid representation is used to extract the footprints of the wall structures, and 2D blocks are projected into 3D space to obtain the wall segments in the initial 3D point cloud. The results obtained from the execution of the proposed method demonstrate that wall blocks in indoor point clouds are detected independently of their shape. Executing the proposed method on a set of 9 in-door point clouds revealed better performance in terms of result quality and execution time compared to RANSAC. The robustness of the method can be improved by adding a classification step to eliminate non-consistent blocks. KW - Point cloud KW - Segmentation KW - Wall detection Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2022.104462 SN - 0926-5805 IS - 141 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Baer, Alexandra A1 - Gasteiger, Rocco A1 - Cunningham, Douglas William A1 - Preim, Bernhard T1 - Perceptual evaluation of ghosted view techniques for the exploration of vascular structures and embedded flow T2 - Computer Graphics Forum Y1 - 2011 SN - 1467-8659 VL - 30 IS - 3 SP - 811 EP - 820 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Legde, Katharina A1 - Castillo, Susana A1 - Cunningham, Douglas William T1 - Multimodal affect: Perceptually evaluating an affective talking head T2 - ACM Transactions on Applied Perception : (TAP) Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/2811265 SN - 1544-3965 VL - 12 IS - 4 SP - 17-1 EP - 17-17 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pouli, Tania A1 - Cunningham, Douglas William A1 - Reinhard, Erik T1 - A survey of image statistics relevant to computer graphics T2 - Computer Graphics Forum Y1 - 2011 SN - 1467-8659 VL - 30 IS - 6 SP - 1761 EP - 1788 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Manhique, Henrique A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - Who should control the provider of ecosystem services in buyer-driven governance? : a choice experiment on orchards in Germany T2 - Ecosystem services N2 - Buyer-driven governance arrangements have emerged as a promising innovative approach to mitigate the degradation of ecosystem services (ES) in agricultural landscapes. In such arrangements, ES buyers, such as consumers, support ES provision by remunerating farmers to adopt sustainable agricultural practices through market-based mechanisms, such as price premiums for (certified) sustainably produced products. In this context, effective compliance enforcement is essential, as it assures ES buyers that the services are delivered in accordance with agreed guidelines. Consequently, the level of trust ES buyers place in the organisation responsible for enforcing compliance is critical. We applied a discrete choice experiment to investigate ES buyers’ preferences for the organisation responsible for compliance enforcement for sustainably produced agricultural products. The survey used conventionally managed apple orchards in Germany as a case study and focused on the implementation of ES measures (flower strips, hedgerows, flower strips plus hedgerows, and mechanical weed control instead of chemical control) to support regulating (biological pest control and pollination), cultural (enhancement of landscape aesthetics), and provisioning ES (production of marketable fruits). To elicit preferences regarding compliance enforcement, the survey included four organisations: a state agency, a farmers’ association, a conservation NGO, and a representative body – composed of relevant societal actors collectively responsible for implementing compliance enforcement. The survey included a representative sample of 901 ES buyers (apple consumers) drawn from the German population. We find that most ES buyers trust conservation NGO, representative body, and farmers’ association, while less than half trust state agency; furthermore, ES buyers are willing to pay a substantially higher premium when a trusted organisation is enforcing compliance. Regarding ES measures, we find that ES buyers are willing to pay price premiums for all measures supporting ES provision, with higher premiums for mechanical weed control and the combination flower strips plus hedgerows. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoser.2025.101749 SN - 2212-0416 VL - 74 SP - 1 EP - 10 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Beyeler, Laura A1 - Jaeger-Erben, Melanie T1 - Sufficiency as a matter of care : practices to provide for needs T2 - Ecological economics N2 - Sufficiency can be understood as the endeavors of economic actors to fulfill needs by delivering only what is necessary. This interpretation reveals a relationship between sufficiency and care economics, as both advocate for a need-centered economy. This study demonstrates the influence and support of care on the performance of sufficiency. It is divided into two parts: (1) the development of a care framework that describes the meanings and enablers of care, and (2) the analysis of empirical data from 14 sufficiency-oriented businesses from a care perspective using the care framework. The findings indicate that from a care perspective, the world is a network of vulnerable and interconnected beings who require individuals to engage in care relationships and activities. Time, financial resources, knowledge, collaboration, technologies, and narratives are essential enablers of care and, as the findings demonstrate, contribute to the implementation of sufficiency. This study proposes a novel narrative of sufficiency as a matter of care and encourages future scholars and practitioners to understand sufficiency orientation as part of a care economy—one that fulfils the needs of society over targeting profit maximization. KW - Sufficiency KW - Care ethics KW - Care economics KW - Systems of provision KW - Sustainability transformation KW - Grounded Theory Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921800925002204#s0090 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2025.108737 SN - 0921-8009 VL - 238 IS - 108737 SP - 1 EP - 15 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schön, Franz-Theo A1 - Harlander, Uwe A1 - Borcia, Ion Dan A1 - Borcia, Rodica A1 - Bestehorn, Michael T1 - Mean fluid transport in an oscillating circular channel with asymmetric forcing T2 - Water waves : an interdisciplinary journal N2 - We investigate surface waves in an oscillating circular channel with local topography. The focus is on spatially or temporally breaking this dynamic system’s symmetry. Asymmetrical wave dynamics and a mean flux excitation are detected to varying degrees, depending on the two input parameters, fluid depth and the tank’s oscillation frequency. The fluid resonates around multiples of the fundamental eigenfrequency of the channel. The development of solitary wave-trains (undular bores) is observed in these resonance bands. A particle image velocimetry system measures the velocity field in the vertical plane of the free surface flow. Moreover, we are using 17 evenly distributed ultrasonic sensors to measure the surface displacement. This makes it possible to find out how strongly the mean flux depends on the resonance frequencies and to study the influence of the surface waves on the symmetry breaking. A numerical long-wave model helps to isolate the various factors influencing the mean flux. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s42286-025-00121-w SN - 2523-3688 VL - 2025 SP - 1 EP - 21 PB - Birkhäuser, part of Springer Nature CY - Basel ER - TY - GEN A1 - Meletti, Gabriel A1 - Abide, Stéphane A1 - Harlander, Uwe A1 - Raspo, Isabelle A1 - Stéphane Viazzo, Stéphane T1 - On the influence of the heat transfer at the free surface of a thermally driven rotating annulus T2 - Physics of fluids N2 - Experiments on rotating annuli that are differentially heated in the radial direction have largely contributed to a better understanding of baroclinic instabilities. This configuration creates waves at a laboratory scale that are related to atmospheric circulations. Pioneer studies in baroclinic tanks have shown that experiments with low aspect ratios are more suitable to reproduce small-scale inertia gravity waves, but these tanks have a larger free surface, which leads to higher interactions with their surrounding environment. Considering the heat transferred through the free surface, the present work investigates its impacts on the baroclinic instability using direct numerical simulations (DNS). Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0248712 SN - 1089-7666 VL - 37 SP - 1 EP - 16 PB - AIP Publishing CY - College Park, MD ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sakkas, Nikolaos P. A1 - Gillung, Frank A1 - Thummar, Krunalkumar A1 - Abang, Roger A1 - Röntzsch, Lars T1 - Advanced pressurized alkaline water electrolysis at high temperatures up to 130 °C T2 - International journal of hydrogen energy N2 - Operating alkaline water electrolysers above 100 °C improves electrolyte conductivity and reaction kinetics significantly. To examine alkaline water electrolysis in this area in more detail a high-temperature pressurized test rig is designed and constructed. Nickel (Ni) foam electrodes coated with Raney nickel (Raney Ni) or nickel manganese (NiMn) and expanded Ni mesh electrodes coated with nickel(II) oxide (NiO) are utilized and the effect of electrolyte flow rate, electrode structure, pressure and temperature variation on the cell performance at temperatures up to 130 °C and pressures up to 16 bar are investigated. At the maximum current density of 1.67 A/cm2, 110 °C and 16 bar the electrode combination of Raney Ni coated Ni foam as cathode and NiO coated expanded Ni mesh electrode as anode attain the best outcome with a cell voltage of 2.29 V. In a 70 h duration test three-dimensional (3D) Ni foam electrodes with Raney Ni cathode and NiMn anode catalyst show a moderate cell degradation of 9.26 μV/h. KW - Hydrogen production KW - Alkaline water electrolysis KW - 3D electrodes KW - High temperature operation KW - Pressurized operation Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2025.150075 SN - 0360-3199 VL - 149 SP - 1 EP - 12 PB - Elsevier BV CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Morales, Carlos A1 - Tschammer, Rudi A1 - Pożarowska, Emilia A1 - Kosto, Julia A1 - Villar‐Garcia, Ignacio J. A1 - Pérez‐Dieste, Virginia A1 - Favaro, Marco A1 - Starr, David E. A1 - Kapuścik, Paulina A1 - Mazur, Michał A1 - Wojcieszak, Damian A1 - Domaradzki, Jarosław A1 - Alvarado, Carlos A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Henkel, Karsten A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo T1 - Hydrogen sensing via heterolytic H₂ activation at room temperature by atomic layer deposited ceria T2 - ChemSusChem : chemistry, sustainability, energy, materials N2 - Ultrathin atomic layer deposited ceria films (<20 nm) are capable of H2 heterolytic activation at room temperature, undergoing a significant reduction regardless of the absolute pressure, as measured under in‐situ conditions by near ambient pressure X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. ALD‐ceria can gradually reduce as a function of H2 concentration under H2/O2 environments, especially for diluted mixtures below 10 %. At room temperature, this reduction is limited to the surface region, where the hydroxylation of the ceria surface induces a charge transfer towards the ceria matrix, reducing Ce4+ cations to Ce3+. Thus, ALD‐ceria replicates the expected sensing mechanism of metal oxides at low temperatures without using any noble metal decorating the oxide surface to enhance H2 dissociation. The intrinsic defects of the ALD deposit seem to play a crucial role since the post‐annealing process capable of healing these defects leads to decreased film reactivity. The sensing behavior was successfully demonstrated in sensor test structures by resistance changes towards low concentrations of H2 at low operating temperatures without using noble metals. These promising results call for combining ALD‐ceria with more conductive metal oxides, taking advantage of the charge transfer at the interface and thus modifying the depletion layer formed at the heterojunction. KW - Atomic Layer Deposition KW - Ceria KW - Hydrogen Sensing KW - X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy KW - Raman spectroscopy KW - Resitive sensor Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.202402342 SN - 1864-5631 VL - 18 IS - 13 SP - 1 EP - 13 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - GEN A1 - Szabo, Peter A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Dielectrophoretic-driven thermoelectrohydrodynamic convection in a dielectric fluid layer induced by an inhomogeneous external electric field T2 - Physical review E Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.111.045105 SN - 2470-0053 VL - 111 SP - 1 EP - 9 PB - American Physical Society CY - College Park, MD ER - TY - GEN A1 - Scheffler, Bettina A1 - Schimböck, Florian A1 - Schöler, Almut A1 - Rösner, Katrin A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Kopkow, Christian T1 - Tailored GuideLine Implementation in STrokE Rehabilitation (GLISTER) in Germany. Protocol of a Mixed Methods Study Using the Behavior Change Wheel and the Theoretical Domains Framework T2 - Frontiers in Neurology N2 - Objective: Evidence-based guidelines are important for informing clinical decision-making and improving patient outcomes. There is inconsistent usage of guidelines among physical therapists involved in stroke rehabilitation, suggesting the existence of a gap between theory and practice. Addressing the German guideline “evidence-based rehabilitation of mobility after stroke (ReMoS),” the aims of this project are (1) to describe the current physical therapy practice within the context of stroke rehabilitation in Germany, (2) to evaluate barriers and facilitators of guideline usage, (3) to develop, and (4) to pilot test a theory-based, tailored implementation intervention for the benefit of guideline recommendations. Materials and Methods: This study uses a stepwise mixed methods approach for implementing a local guideline. A self-reported online questionnaire will be used to survey the current physical therapy practice in stroke rehabilitation. The same survey and systematic-mixed methods review will be used to evaluate the barriers and facilitators of guideline usage quantitatively. Semi-structured interviews will add a qualitative perspective on factors that influence ReMoS guideline implementation. The Behavior Change Wheel and Theoretical Domains Framework will be used to support the development of a tailored implementation intervention which will be pilot tested in a controlled study. Patient and physical therapy-related outcomes, as well as the appropriateness, such as acceptance and feasibility of the tailored implementation intervention, will be analyzed. Conclusion: This will be the first endeavor to implement a guideline in German stroke rehabilitation with a focus on changing care provider behavior based on the knowledge of current practice and determining factors using a tailored and theory-based intervention. KW - Stroke KW - Rehabilitation KW - Mixed-methods study KW - Guideline KW - Implementation Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2022.828521/full U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2022.828521 SN - 1664-2295 VL - 13 SP - 1 EP - 10 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Scheffler, Bettina A1 - Schimböck, Florian A1 - Schöler, Almut A1 - Rösner, Katrin A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Kopkow, Christian T1 - Current physical therapy practice and implementation factors regarding the evidence-based ‘Rehabilitation of Mobility after Stroke (ReMoS)’ guideline in Germany: a cross-sectional online survey T2 - BMC neurology N2 - Background Evaluation of the current physical therapy practice for German stroke rehabilitation with respect to the ‘Rehabilitation of Mobility after Stroke (ReMoS)’ guideline recommendations and the associated implementation factors. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study employing an online survey was performed among German physical therapists in 2019. The survey consisted of three sections with open and closed questions: 1) self-reported use of ReMoS recommendations, 2) barriers of guideline use and 3) socio-demographic characteristics. The benchmark level for guideline adherent physical therapy was set at > 80%. Results Data from 170 questionnaires were eligible for analysis. Participants’ mean age was 41.6 years, 69.4% were female, while 60.1% had no academic degree. The ReMoS guideline was unknown to 52.9% of the responders. Out of all the 46 ReMoS guideline recommendations, only ‘intensive walking training without a treadmill’ was reported to be performed in a guideline adherent manner. Respondents usually denied any personal limitations, such as limited knowledge, or that the ReMoS guideline did not fit their routine practice. Conclusions Among German physical therapists, the ReMoS guideline is not well-known and many interventions are not performed as recommended, illustrating the discrepancies between the ReMoS guideline recommendations and current physical therapy practice. Interventions aimed at overcoming this gap should consider both knowledge of existing barriers and facilitators of guideline usage. KW - Stroke KW - Rehabilitation KW - Physical therapy KW - Guideline adherence KW - Implementation factors KW - Cross-sectional study KW - Online survey Y1 - 2022 UR - https://bmcneurol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12883-022-02780-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12883-022-02780-5 SN - 1471-2377 VL - 22 SP - 1 EP - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Braun, Tobias A1 - Bahns, Carolin A1 - Elsner, Bernhard A1 - Kopkow, Christian T1 - Forschungsprioritäten in der physiotherapeutischen Forschung in Deutschland : eine systematische Anaylse von Publikationen der Physioscience der letzten 10 Jahre T2 - Physioscience Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1549-5166 SN - 1860-3092 VL - 18 IS - 2 SP - 77 EP - 88 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lützner, Jörg A1 - Lange, Toni A1 - Schmitt, Jochen A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Dreinhöfer, Karsten E A1 - Friederich, Niklaus F. A1 - Gravius, Sascha A1 - Heller, Karl-Dieter A1 - Hube, Robert A1 - Gromnica-Ihle, Erika A1 - Kirschner, Stephan A1 - Kladny, Bernd A1 - Kremer, Michael A1 - Linke, Maike A1 - Malzahn, Jürgen A1 - Sabatowski, Rainer A1 - Scharf, Hanns-Peter A1 - Stöve, Johannes A1 - Wagner, Richard A1 - Günther, Klaus-Peter T1 - [The S2k guideline: Indications for knee endoprosthesis : Evidence and consent-based indications for total knee arthroplasty] T2 - Der Orthopäde Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00132-018-3612-x SN - 1433-0431 SN - 0085-4530 VL - 47 IS - 9 SP - 777 EP - 781 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Prill, Robert A1 - Singh, Jasvinder A. A1 - Seeber, Gesine H. A1 - Mai Nielsen, Sabrina A1 - Goodman, Susan A1 - Michel, Sven A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Schulz, Robert A1 - Choong, Peter A1 - Hommel, Hagen T1 - Patient, physiotherapist and surgeon endorsement of the core domain set for total hip and total knee replacement in Germany: a study protocol for an OMERACT initiative T2 - BMJ open Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035207 SN - 2044-6055 VL - 10 IS - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmitt, Jochen A1 - Lange, Toni A1 - Günther, Klaus-Peter A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Rataj, Elisabeth A1 - Apfelbacher, Christian A1 - Aringer, Martin A1 - Böhle, Eckhardt A1 - Bork, Hartmut A1 - Dreinhöfer, Karsten E T1 - Indication Criteria for Total Knee Arthroplasty in Patients with Osteoarthritis - A Multi-perspective Consensus Study T2 - Zeitschrift fur Orthopadie und Unfallchirurgie Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-115120 SN - 1864-6743 SN - 1864-6697 N1 - viele weitere Autor*innen VL - 155 IS - 5 SP - 539 EP - 548 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Braun, Tobias A1 - Ehrenbrusthoff, Katja A1 - Bahns, Carolin A1 - Happe, Lisa A1 - Kopkow, Christian T1 - Cross-cultural adaptation, internal consistency, test-retest reliability and feasibility of the German version of the evidence-based practice inventory T2 - BMC health services research Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-019-4273-0 SN - 1472-6963 VL - 19 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Haase, Elisabeth A1 - Lange, Toni A1 - Lützner, Jörg A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Petzold, Thomas A1 - Günther, Klaus-Peter A1 - Schmitt, Jochen T1 - Indikation zur endoprothetischen Versorgung des Kniegelenks T2 - Zeitschrift für Evidenz, Fortbildung und Qualität im Gesundheitswesen Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.zefq.2015.09.029 SN - 1865-9217 SN - 2212-0289 VL - 109 IS - 8 SP - 605 EP - 614 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nowotny, Jörg A1 - Kasten, Philip A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Biewener, Achim A1 - Mauch, Frieder T1 - Evaluation of a New Exercise Program in the Treatment of Scapular Dyskinesis T2 - International journal of sports medicine Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/a-0608-4584 SN - 1439-3964 SN - 0172-4622 VL - 39 IS - 10 SP - 782 EP - 790 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Lange, Toni A1 - Hoyer, Annika A1 - Lützner, Jörg A1 - Schmitt, Jochen T1 - Physical tests for diagnosing anterior cruciate ligament rupture T2 - The Cochrane database of systematic reviews Y1 - 2018 SN - 1469-493X SN - 1361-6137 IS - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Konrad, B. A1 - Prate, K. A1 - Sommerfeld, T. A1 - Kaiser, U. T1 - Physiotherapeutische Behandlung im tagesstationären multimodalen interdisziplinären Setting bei Patienten mit chronischen Spannungskofschmerz T2 - Praxis Pysiotherapie Y1 - 2010 IS - 3 SP - 13 EP - 17 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kopkow, Christian T1 - Klinische Tests zur Untersuchung des vorderen Kreuzbandes. Wie ist die Evidenzlage? T2 - Zeitschrift für Physiotherapeuten : Pt Y1 - 2017 SN - 1614-0397 IS - 9 SP - 15 EP - 18 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Braun, Tobias A1 - Ehrenbrusthoff, Katja A1 - Bahns, Carolin A1 - Happe, Lisa A1 - Kopkow, Christian T1 - What’s a true change? – Interpreting change scores in measurement instruments of evidence-based practice : a comment T2 - Complementary Therapies in Medicine Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctim.2020.102454 SN - 1873-6963 VL - 54 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kirchner, Änne A1 - Diermayr, Gudrun A1 - Becker, Monika A1 - Rösner, Katrin A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Saal, Susanne T1 - Anpassung internationaler Leitlinien in der Physiotherapie – ein Methodenpapier der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Physiotherapiewissenschaft e. V. (DGPTW) T2 - Physioscience Y1 - 2020 SN - 1860-3092 SN - 1860-3351 VL - 16 IS - 3 SP - 132 EP - 137 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lange, Toni A1 - Rataj, Elisabeth A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Lützner, Jörg A1 - Günther, Klaus-Peter A1 - Schmitt, Jochen T1 - Outcome Assessment in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Critical Appraisal T2 - The Journal of Arthroplasty Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arth.2016.09.014 SN - 1532-8406 SN - 0883-5403 VL - 32 IS - 2 SP - 653 EP - 665.e1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Lange, Thomas A1 - Schmitt, Jochen A1 - Petzold, Thomas T1 - Physiotherapeutische Versorgungssituation in Deutschland von 2004 bis 2014. Analyse des Verordnungsverhaltens bei Versicherten der Gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung T2 - Das Gesundheitswesen Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-116229 SN - 1439-4421 SN - 0941-3790 VL - 79 IS - 03 SP - 153 EP - 160 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kaiser, Ulrike A1 - Neustadt, Katrin A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Schmitt, Jochen A1 - Sabatowski, Rainer T1 - Core Outcome Sets and Multidimensional Assessment Tools for Harmonizing Outcome Measure in Chronic Pain and Back Pain T2 - Healthcare Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare4030063 SN - 2227-9032 VL - 4 IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kaiser, U. A1 - Deckert, Stefanie A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Trautmann, F. A1 - Schmitt, Jochen A1 - Sabatowski, Rainer T1 - Response to Ruan et al. T2 - European Journal of Pain Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ejp.900 SN - 1532-2149 SN - 1090-3801 VL - 20 IS - 9 SP - 1545 EP - 1546 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nowotny, Jörg A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Mauch, Frieder A1 - Kasten, Philip T1 - Effective rehabilitation in patients with scapular dyskinesis T2 - Obere Extremität Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11678-015-0344-y SN - 1862-6602 SN - 1862-6599 VL - 11 IS - 1 SP - 40 EP - 46 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Deckert, Stefanie A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Schmitt, Jochen T1 - Nonallergic comorbidities of atopic eczema: an overview of systematic reviews T2 - Allergy Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/all.12246 SN - 0105-4538 SN - 1398-9995 VL - 69 IS - 1 SP - 37 EP - 45 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kopkow, Christian T1 - Core Outcome Sets – Studien vergleichbar machen T2 - Physiopraxis Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-116929 SN - 1439-023X SN - 1869-5515 VL - 14 IS - 11/12 SP - 18 EP - 19 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Neustadt, Katrin A1 - Deckert, Stefanie A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Preißler, A. A1 - Bosse, B. A1 - Funke, C. A1 - Jacobi, Lena A1 - Mattenklodt, P. A1 - Nagel, B. A1 - Seidel, P. A1 - Sittl, R. A1 - Steffen, E. A1 - Sabatowski, Rainer A1 - Schmitt, Jochen A1 - Kaiser, U. T1 - What does pain intensity mean from the patient perspective? A qualitative study on the patient perspective of pain intensity as an outcome parameter in treatment evaluation and on the interpretability of pain intensity measurements T1 - Was bedeutet Schmerzintensität aus Sicht der Patienten? Eine qualitative Studie zur Patientenperspektive auf Schmerzstärke als Konstrukt in der Therapieevaluation und die Interpretierbarkeit der Schmerzstärkemessung T2 - Der Schmerz Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00482-017-0234-x SN - 1432-2129 SN - 0932-433X VL - 31 IS - 12 SP - 580 EP - 593 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lange, Toni A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Lützner, Jörg A1 - Günther, Klaus-Peter A1 - Gravius, Sascha A1 - Scharf, Hanns-Peter A1 - Stöve, Johannes A1 - Wagner, Richard A1 - Schmitt, Jochen T1 - Comparison of different rating scales for the use in Delphi studies: different scales lead to different consensus and show different test-retest reliability T2 - BMC Medical Research Methodology Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12874-020-0912-8 SN - 1471-2288 VL - 20 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Buchbinder, Rachelle A1 - Page, Matthew J. A1 - Huang, Hsiaomin A1 - Verhagen, Arianne P. A1 - Beaton, Dorcas E. A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Lenza, Mario A1 - Jain, Nitin B. A1 - Richards, Bethan A1 - Richards, Pamela T1 - A Preliminary Core Domain Set for Clinical Trials of Shoulder Disorders: A Report from the OMERACT 2016 Shoulder Core Outcome Set Special Interest Group. T2 - The Journal of rheumatology Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.161123 SN - 1499-2752 SN - 0315-162X N1 - viele weitere Autor*innen VL - 44 IS - 12 SP - 1880 EP - 1883 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ramiro, Sofia A1 - Page, Matthew J. A1 - Whittle, Samuel L. A1 - Huang, Hsiaomin A1 - Verhagen, Arianne P. A1 - Beaton, Dorcas E. A1 - Richards, Pamela A1 - Voshaar, Marieke A1 - Shea, Beverley A1 - Kopkow, Christian T1 - The OMERACT Core Domain Set for Clinical Trials of Shoulder Disorders T2 - The Journal of rheumatology Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.181070 SN - 1499-2752 SN - 0315-162X N1 - viele weitere Autor*innen VL - 46 IS - 8 SP - 969 EP - 975 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Girbig, Maria A1 - Deckert, Stefanie A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Latza, Ute A1 - Dulon, Madeleine A1 - Nienhaus, Albert A1 - Groneberg, David A1 - Seidler, Andreas T1 - Work-related complaints and diseases of physical therapists – protocol for the establishment of a “Physical Therapist Cohort” (PTC) in Germany T1 - Arbeitsbedingte Beschwerden und Krankheiten von Physiotherapeuten T2 - Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6673-8-34 SN - 1745-6673 VL - 8 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Günther, Klaus-Peter A1 - Haase, Elisabeth A1 - Lange, Toni A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Schmitt, Jochen A1 - Jeszenszky, C. A1 - Balck, F. A1 - Lützner, Jörg A1 - Hartmann, Albrecht A1 - Lippmann, M. T1 - Persönlichkeitsprofil und Komorbidität: Gibt es den „schwierigen Patienten“ in der primären Hüftendoprothetik? T2 - Der Orthopäde Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00132-015-3097-9 SN - 1433-0431 SN - 0085-4530 VL - 44 IS - 7 SP - 555 EP - 565 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Haase, Elisabeth A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Beyer, Franziska A1 - Lützner, Jörg A1 - Kirschner, Stephan A1 - Hartmann, Albrecht A1 - Schmitt, Jochen A1 - Günther, Klaus-Peter T1 - Patient-reported outcomes and outcome predictors after primary total hip arthroplasty: results from the Dresden Hip Surgery Registry T2 - HIP international Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5301/hipint.5000300 SN - 1120-7000 SN - 1724-6067 VL - 26 IS - 1 SP - 73 EP - 81 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nast, A. A1 - Mrowietz, U. A1 - Kragballe, K. A1 - Jong, E. M. G. J. de A1 - Puig, L. A1 - Reich, K. A1 - Warren, R. B. A1 - Werner, R. A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Schmitt, Jochen T1 - Barriers to the prescription of systemic therapies for moderate-to-severe psoriasis T2 - Archives of Dermatological Research Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00403-013-1372-3 SN - 1432-069X SN - 0340-3696 VL - 305 IS - 10 SP - 899 EP - 907 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lange, Toni A1 - Freiberg, Alice A1 - Dröge, Patrik A1 - Lützner, Jörg A1 - Schmitt, Jochen A1 - Kopkow, Christian T1 - The reliability of physical examination tests for the diagnosis of anterior cruciate ligament rupture T2 - Manual Therapy Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.math.2014.11.003 SN - 1532-2769 SN - 1356-689X VL - 20 IS - 3 SP - 402 EP - 411 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Deckert, Stefanie A1 - Kaiser, U. A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Trautmann, F. A1 - Sabatowski, Rainer A1 - Schmitt, Jochen T1 - A systematic review of the outcomes reported in multimodal pain therapy for chronic pain T2 - European Journal of Pain Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ejp.721 SN - 1532-2149 SN - 1090-3801 VL - 20 IS - 1 SP - 51 EP - 63 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Lange, Toni A1 - Schmitt, Jochen A1 - Kasten, Philip T1 - Interrater reliability of the modified scapular assistance test with and without handheld weights T2 - Manual Therapy Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.math.2015.04.012 SN - 1532-2769 SN - 1356-689X VL - 20 IS - 6 SP - 868 EP - 874 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Schmitt, Jochen A1 - Haase, Elisabeth A1 - Lange, Toni A1 - Günther, Klaus-Peter A1 - Lützner, Jörg T1 - Ergebnisobjektivierung bei Knietotalendoprothesen T2 - Der Orthopäde Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00132-015-3078-z SN - 1433-0431 VL - 44 IS - 4 SP - 261 EP - 268 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kasten, Philip A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Dexel, Julian T1 - Die schmerzhafte Werferschulter: evidenzbasiertes Übungsprogramm bei Skapuladyskinesie T2 - Obere Extremität Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11678-012-0199-4 SN - 1862-6602 SN - 1862-6599 VL - 8 IS - 3 SP - 164 EP - 169 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Haase, Elisabeth A1 - Beyer, F. A1 - Kirschner, Stephan A1 - Lützner, Jörg A1 - Albrecht, H. A1 - Schmitt, Jochen A1 - Günther, Klaus-Peter T1 - Patient-Reported Outcomes nach Hüftendoprothetik – Ergebnisse des Dresdner Hüftregisters T2 - Zeitschrift für Palliativmedizin Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0034-1374206 SN - 1615-293X SN - 1615-2921 VL - 15 IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Deckert, Stefanie A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Trautmann, F. A1 - Sabatowski, Rainer A1 - Schmitt, Jochen A1 - Kaiser, Ulrike T1 - Was sollten wir messen, um patientenrelevante Effekte der multimodalen Schmerztherapie abbilden zu können? Ein systematischer Review T2 - Zeitschrift für Palliativmedizin Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0034-1374414 SN - 1615-293X SN - 1615-2921 IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kaiser, Ulrike A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Deckert, Stefanie A1 - Sabatowski, Rainer A1 - Schmitt, Rainer T1 - Validation and application of a core set of patient-relevant outcome domains to assess the effectiveness of multimodal pain therapy (VAPAIN) T2 - BMJ open Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2015-00814 SN - 2044-6055 VL - 5 IS - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Deckert, Stefanie A1 - Schmitt, Jochen A1 - Sabatowski, Rainer A1 - Kaiser, Ulrike T1 - Core outcome set to assess effectiveness in multimodal pain therapy – preliminary results of an interdisciplinary online survey T2 - Trials Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6215-16-s1-p1 SN - 1468-6708 SN - 1745-6215 VL - 16 IS - Suppl. 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schäfer, Axel A1 - Braun, Cordula A1 - Elsner, Bernhard A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Lüdtke, Kerstin T1 - Das Leitbild der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Physiotherapiewissenschaften T2 - Physioscience Y1 - 2018 SN - 1860-3092 SN - 1860-3351 VL - 14 IS - 4 SP - 195 EP - 196 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dexel, Julian A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Kasten, Philip T1 - Skapulothorakale Dysbalancen bei Überkopfsportlern T2 - Der Orthopäde Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00132-013-2143-8 SN - 1433-0431 VL - 43 IS - 3 SP - 215 EP - 222 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kopkow, Christian T1 - Symposium „Ein Jahrhundert Physiotherapie–Historie, Gegenwart und Perspektiven“ T2 - Physioscience Y1 - 2019 SN - 1860-3092 SN - 1860-3351 VL - 15 IS - 3 SP - S. 146 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kopkow, Christian T1 - Alles nicht so einfach – Verletzungsprävention im Sport T2 - Sportpysio Y1 - 2018 SN - 2196-5951 SN - 2196-596X VL - 6 IS - 3 SP - 139 EP - 142 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bahns, Carolin A1 - Scheffler, Bettina A1 - Bremer, Alexander A1 - Kopkow, Christian T1 - Measuring guideline adherence in physiotherapy: a scoping review of methodological approaches T2 - Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice N2 - RationaleClinical practice guidelines summarise the existing evidence on specific health conditions and aim to optimise quality of care by providing evidence‐based recommendations. Studies have reported a gap between research findings and clinical practice in physiotherapy. Guideline adherence is often used as a measure of agreement between therapeutic care and guideline recommendations. However, there is currently no standardised methodological approach for measuring guideline adherence.Aims and ObjectiveThe objective of this scoping review was to summarise the methods and results of studies that assessed guideline adherence in physiotherapy.MethodsMEDLINE, EMBASE, PEDro and CENTRAL databases were searched for relevant literature up to December 2022. Published reports of observational studies and controlled clinical trials that provided information on the assessment of guideline adherence in physiotherapists were included. The selection process was performed independently by two reviewers. The methodological quality of the identified reports was not assessed. Results were summarised narratively.ResultsFrom a total of 2560 potentially relevant records, 53 reports were included in the analysis. Physiotherapists' adherence to guidelines was primarily assessed in the context of musculoskeletal conditions, such as low back pain (n = 25, 47.2%) and osteoarthritis (n = 8, 15.1%). A wide range of measurement approaches were used with the majority of reports using web‐based surveys (n = 21, 39.6%), followed by chart reviews (n = 17, 32.1%). Most reports (n = 21, 39.6%) provided information on the level of adherence in terms of frequency dichotomising (self‐reported) clinical practice as adherent or non‐adherent. Adherence rates varied widely between included reports.ConclusionsAlthough the large number of included reports indicates a high level of interest in the topic of guideline adherence, there is considerable heterogeneity between studies regarding the methodological approaches used to assess guideline adherence in physiotherapists. This reduces the comparability of the study results.Trial RegistrationINPLASY (registration no. 202250081). Registered on 12th May 2022. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/jep.14218 SN - 1356-1294 SN - 1365-2753 PB - Wiley ER - TY - GEN A1 - Döding, Rebekka A1 - Braun, Tobias A1 - Ehrenbrusthoff, Katja A1 - Elsner, Bernhard A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Lange, Toni A1 - Lüdtke, Kerstin A1 - Jung, Andres A1 - Miller, Clint A1 - Owen, Patrick J A1 - Saueressig, Tobias A1 - Schäfer, Axel A1 - Schäfer, Robin A1 - Schleimer, Tim A1 - Shala, Rilind A1 - Szikszay, Tibor A1 - Zebisch, Jochen A1 - Belavý, Daniel L T1 - Evidence gaps in conservative non-pharmacological interventions and guideline implementation for high-burden non-communicable diseases: protocol for an overview of reviews T2 - BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine N2 - Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) represent a high burden for the society and affected individuals. Conservative non-pharmacological interventions play a first-line role in the treatment and management of most NCDs. Systematic reviews (SRs) provide the highest level of evidence and significantly influence clinical decision-making. The primary aim of this study is to provide an overview of the evidence on the effectiveness of recommended conservative non-pharmacological interventions for highly burdensome NCDs. The secondary aim is to provide an overview of the evidence for guideline implementation. A literature search was performed in Medline (PubMed), EMBASE and Cochrane CENTRAL. Six reviewers will, in duplicate, independently screen and select studies following eligibility criteria. The population will include individuals with NCDs from disease categories chosen based on WHO burden of disease data and the importance of conservative rehabilitation for their management. Eligible interventions will encompass conservative non-pharmacological approaches recommended by clinical practice guidelines (ie, physical, psychological and education/advice). Eligible comparator will include no or minimal intervention and other competitive interventions. Outcomes will comprise proposed core outcomes for the respective diseases, including patient-reported (eg, pain) and performance-based (eg, physical functioning) outcomes. SRs published in the last 5 years as peer-reviewed journal article in the English language will be eligible. The overview will be reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Overviews of reviews. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2024-002032 SN - 2055-7647 VL - 10 IS - 4 PB - BMJ ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bahns, Carolin A1 - Happe, Lisa A1 - Kopkow, Christian T1 - Barriers and facilitators to the use of clinical practice guidelines in osteoarthritis care: a qualitative study among German physiotherapists T2 - BMJ Open N2 - Objectives The objective of this study was to explore barriers and facilitators to the use of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) in osteoarthritis (OA) care among German physiotherapists. Design Qualitative semistructured interviews were conducted with German physiotherapists. An interview topic guide based on the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) was developed to explore perceived barriers and facilitators to the use of CPGs in OA care. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. In a first step, the data were coded inductively using thematic analysis. Subsequently, the emerged themes were deductively reassigned to the relevant domains of the TDF and categorised as barriers and facilitators. Setting Outpatient physiotherapy practices in Germany. Participants Physiotherapists working in an outpatient setting in Germany and involved in the management of patients with hip and knee OA were eligible to participate. Results Eleven physiotherapists (7 women, 4 men) were interviewed between February and September 2023. The mean age was 34.2 years (± 9.9, range 23–57). Most factors influencing guideline-recommended care were identified in the TDF domains ‘knowledge’, ‘beliefs about consequences’, ‘environmental context and resources’ and ‘social influences’. For example, physiotherapists perceived low awareness of existing CPGs, loss of individuality in treatment, time constraints and dissonant patient expectations as barriers to the use of CPGs. Discussion of guideline recommendations within the team and the expectation of improved patient outcomes and resource savings were reported as facilitators. Conclusions Multiple factors were identified that were perceived to influence clinical practice in Germany. The results of this study can inform the development of theory-based interventions aimed at changing physiotherapists’ behaviour to support them in providing optimal OA care. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2024-085349 SN - 2044-6055 VL - 14 IS - 10 PB - BMJ ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bahns, Carolin A1 - Kopkow, Christian T1 - Physiotherapy for patients with hip and knee osteoarthritis in Germany: a survey of current practice T2 - BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders N2 - Backround Osteoarthritis (OA) of the hip and the knee is common and leads to pain, stiffness and disability. Clinical practice guidelines (CPG) provide recommendations to assist healthcare professionals in clinical decision-making. Although evidence-based physiotherapy has been shown to be effective in the management OA, a gap between clinical practice and guideline recommendations exists. Little is known about OA management provided by physiotherapists in Germany and whether treatment aligns with CPGs. The objectives of this study were (1) to investigate the current physiotherapy practice in patients with hip and/or knee OA in Germany, (2) to evaluate physiotherapists’ adherence to guideline recommendations and (3) to explore barriers and facilitators to guideline use. Methods A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among physiotherapists. The questionnaire collected information on demographic characteristics, physiotherapists’ management of hip and knee OA and the use of CPGs in clinical practice. Guideline adherence was evaluated by comparing the survey findings with guideline recommendations. Full adherence was assumed if all recommended treatment options were chosen. Results In total, 447 (74.9%) of 597 eligible physiotherapists completed the survey. Data from 442 participants (mean age 41.2 ± 12.8 years; 288 female (65.1%)) were included in the analysis. The most common treatment choices for both hip and knee OA were exercise therapy (hip OA: 424/442, 95.9%; knee OA: 426/442, 96.4%), self-management advice (hip OA: 413/442, 93.2%; knee OA: 395/442, 89.4%) and education (hip OA: 325/442, 73.5%; knee OA: 331/442, 74.9%), followed by manual therapy (hip OA: 311/442, 70.4%; knee OA: 311/442, 70.4%) and joint traction (hip OA: 208/442, 47.1%; knee OA: 199/442, 45.0%). Full guideline adherence was found in 17.2% (76/442) of physiotherapists for hip OA management and in 8.6% (38/442) for knee OA. Less than half of the respondents (212/430, 49.3%) were aware of an OA guideline. Conclusions In accordance with current guideline recommendations, most physiotherapists provide exercise therapy and education for patients with hip and/or knee OA. Interventions with low or conflicting evidence were also frequently provided. The limited awareness of existing OA guidelines and the low guideline adherence indicate an insufficient implementation of CPGs in German physiotherapy practice. KW - Arthrose KW - Knie KW - Hüfte KW - Physiotherapie Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-023-06464-0 SN - 1471-2474 VL - 24 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bahns, Carolin A1 - Scheffler, Bettina A1 - Kopkow, Christian T1 - Guideline-Adherent Physiotherapy for Patients With Hip and Knee Osteoarthritis in Germany: Protocol for an Implementation Research Project Using the Theoretical Domains Framework and the Behavior Change Wheel T2 - JMIR Research Protocols N2 - Background: Hip and knee osteoarthritis is common and leads to pain, stiffness, and disability. Clinical practice guidelines provide recommendations based on the best available evidence to assist health care professionals and patients in clinical decision-making. However, several studies have reported a gap between guideline recommendations and clinical practice in physiotherapy. Improved implementation strategies and the removal of existing barriers may facilitate the transfer of evidence into clinical practice and contribute to optimized quality of care. Objective: This paper presents the protocol for a study that aims to describe the current physiotherapy practice in patients with hip and knee osteoarthritis and to investigate physiotherapists’ adherence to clinical practice guidelines, to identify and specify barriers to and facilitators of guideline use and implementation, and to develop and pilot test a theory-based tailored implementation intervention aiming to increase guideline use in osteoarthritis care. Methods: The research project is divided into 4 parts. During the first part, we will conduct a nationwide web-based survey among German physiotherapists to evaluate the current management of hip and knee osteoarthritis and to evaluate whether treatment aligns with guideline recommendations. Subsequently, semistructured interviews will be conducted to specify barriers to and facilitators of guideline use and implementation among physiotherapists (part 2). On the basis of these findings, in part 3, we will develop a theory-driven implementation intervention based on the Theoretical Domains Framework and the Behavior Change Wheel, which will be evaluated in a controlled pilot study in terms of effectiveness, feasibility, and acceptability (part 4). Results: Data collection of the web-based survey among German physiotherapists (part 1) was completed in December 2021. The semistructured interviews (part 2) were conducted between January and September 2023. Recruitment of physiotherapy practices to participate in the development of the implementation intervention is expected to start in January 2024. Conclusions: This research project aims to develop a theory-driven implementation intervention to facilitate the transfer of evidence from hip and knee osteoarthritis guidelines in physiotherapy practice. We hypothesize that successful implementation will lead to increased guideline adherence in physiotherapists, which in turn will improve the quality of care. The results from our project will provide valuable knowledge concerning the development process and effectiveness of tailored implementation interventions. KW - Physiotherapie KW - Evidenz-basierte Medizin KW - Leitlinien KW - Arthrose Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.researchprotocols.org/2023/1/e47834/ U6 - https://doi.org/10.2196/47834 SN - 1929-0748 VL - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Weber, Franziska A1 - Müller, Carsten A1 - Bahns, Carolin A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Färber, Francesca A1 - Gellert, Paul A1 - Otte, Ina A1 - Vollmar, Horst Christian A1 - Brannath, Werner A1 - Diederich, Freya A1 - Kloep, Stephan A1 - Rothgang, Heinz A1 - Dieter, Valerie A1 - Krauß, Inga A1 - Kloek, Corelien A1 - Veenhof, Cindy A1 - Collisi, Sandra A1 - Repschläger, Ute A1 - Böbinger, Hannes A1 - Grüneberg, Christian A1 - Thiel, Christian A1 - Peschke, Dirk T1 - Smartphone-assisted training with education for patients with hip and/or knee osteoarthritis (SmArt-E): study protocol for a multicentre pragmatic randomized controlled trial T2 - BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders N2 - Hip and knee osteoarthritis are associated with functional limitations, pain and restrictions in quality of life and the ability to work. Furthermore, with growing prevalence, osteoarthritis is increasingly causing (in)direct costs. Guidelines recommend exercise therapy and education as primary treatment strategies. Available options for treatment based on physical activity promotion and lifestyle change are often insufficiently provided and used. In addition, the quality of current exercise programmes often does not meet the changing care needs of older people with comorbidities and exercise adherence is a challenge beyond personal physiotherapy. The main objective of this study is to investigate the short- and long-term (cost-)effectiveness of the SmArt-E programme in people with hip and/or knee osteoarthritis in terms of pain and physical functioning compared to usual care. KW - Arthrose, Knie, Hüfte, Physiotherapie Y1 - 2023 UR - https://bmcmusculoskeletdisord.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12891-023-06255-7.pdf U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-023-06255-7 VL - 24 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spieß, Pauline A1 - Bahns, Carolin A1 - Kopkow, Christian T1 - Einstellungen und Adhärenz zur evidenzbasierten Praxis von in Brandenburg tätigen Physiotherapeut*innen T2 - Physioscience N2 - Hintergrund Für Deutschland liegen noch unzureichende Daten zur Einstellung und Adhärenz von Physiotherapeut*innen gegenüber Evidenzbasierter Praxis (EBP) vor, insbesondere für im Bundesland Brandenburg tätige Physiotherapeut*innen. Ziel Erfassung der 1) Einstellungen und Adhärenz gegenüber EBP von in Brandenburg tätigen Physiotherapeut*innen und die 2) Ableitung von Barrieren und Förderfaktoren für die Einhaltung der EBP. Methodik Von März bis April 2022 wurde eine Online-Befragung unter in Brandenburg tätigen Physiotherapeut*innen durchgeführt. Die Teilnehmenden füllten die deutschsprachige Version des „Evidence-based Practice Inventory“ aus, einem Fragebogen mit 5 Dimensionen zur Erfassung von Barrieren und Förderfaktoren hinsichtlich EBP. Zusätzlich wurden soziodemografische Daten erfragt. Die Auswertung erfolgte deskriptiv. Ergebnisse Es nahmen 101 Physiotherapeut*innen an der Befragung teil, davon 75 (74 %) Frauen und 26 (26 %) Männer. Die Befragten waren im Durchschnitt 39 Jahre (± 13) alt und verfügten über eine Berufserfahrung von 16 Jahren (± 12). Mehr als 70 % der Teilnehmenden hatten eine positive Einstellung gegenüber EBP. Knapp 55 % der Physiotherapeut*innen fühlten sich in der Lage, Prinzipien der EBP in ihren klinischen Entscheidungen anzuwenden. Gleichzeitig gaben weniger als 20 % an, dass in ihrer Abteilung sehr darauf geachtet wird, Prinzipien der EBP in klinischen Entscheidungen anzuwenden. Im Durchschnitt wiesen 30 % der Befragten eine hohe EBP-Adhärenz in den 5 Dimensionen auf. Die wichtigsten Förderfaktoren für Adhärenz zur EBP bildeten die Autor*innenschaft oder Mitarbeit an wissenschaftlichen Veröffentlichungen und die Teilnahme an einem Kurs zur EBP. Schlussfolgerung Die Einstellung von in Brandenburg tätigen Physiotherapeut*innen gegenüber EBP ist grundlegend positiv. Es zeigte sich jedoch, dass die Adhärenz zur EBP nur bei einem geringeren Anteil der Physiotherapeut*innen stark ausgeprägt ist. Barrieren und Förderfaktoren sollten näher untersucht werden, um zielgerichtete Interventionen zu entwickeln und die Implementierung von EBP im klinischen Alltag zu verbessern. KW - Physiotherapie KW - Evidenz-basierte Medizin KW - Evidenz-basierte Praxis Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2079-6303 SN - 1860-3351 SN - 1860-3092 VL - 20 IS - 1 SP - 22 EP - 32 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Braun, Tobias A1 - Kopkow, Christian T1 - Research Integrity – Teil 1: Verantwortungsvolle Forschungspraktiken und Transparenz T2 - Physioscience N2 - Forschung ist die Suche nach Wissen durch systematisches Untersuchen und Erörtern, Beobachten und Experimentieren [1]. Für eine evidenzbasierte Versorgung und ebenso die Professionsentwicklung ist Forschung in der Physiotherapie unverzichtbar. Erfreulicherweise ist national und international eine deutliche Zunahme an physiotherapeutischer Forschung beobachtbar, die sich auch im Umfang relativ zur gesamten Gesundheitsforschung positiv entwickelt hat [2]. Grundsätzlich wird angenommen, dass Forschungsergebnisse und die wissenschaftliche Literatur von Forschenden, Interessenvertretungen und der Gesellschaft verwendet werden können, da sie vertrauenswürdig, robust, gründlich und vollständig sind [3]. Gleichzeitig zeigen Analysen der letzten Jahre, dass ein bedeutsamer Teil der biomedizinischen Forschung schlecht, unglaubwürdig, überflüssig oder sogar schädlich ist. Dieser sogenannte Research Waste („Forschungsmüll“) wurde bereits an anderen Stellen thematisiert [4] [5] [6] [7]. Wir möchten daher mit 2 aufeinander folgenden Editorials auf das Thema Forschungsintegrität (Research Integrity) aufmerksam machen. Forschungsintegrität berührt den Kern des wissenschaftlichen Arbeitens, hat einen engen Bezug zur Vermeidung von Research Waste sowie zur „Replikationskrise“ in der Wissenschaft [8] und spielt mit Blick auf die Weiterentwicklung der Physiotherapiewissenschaft eine überaus bedeutsame Rolle. KW - Research integrity KW - Forschungspraktiken KW - Transparenz Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1982-2858 SN - 1860-3351 SN - 1860-3092 VL - 19 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Braun, Tobias T1 - Research Integrity Teil 2: Open Science T2 - Physioscience N2 - Nachdem im ersten Editorial zum Thema Forschungsintegrität (Research Integrity) in Heft 01/23 der physioscience verantwortungsvolle Forschungspraktiken thematisiert wurden [1], wird in diesem zweiten Editorial das Thema Open Science fokussiert. Dabei geht es auch darum, wie und wo Forschungsergebnisse veröffentlicht werden. KW - Research integrity KW - open science Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2025-5225 SN - 1860-3351 SN - 1860-3092 VL - 19 IS - 2 SP - 49 EP - 51 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Werner, Adina A1 - Kim, Jongmin A1 - Mauss, Fabian T1 - Pressure and temperature dependent UNIQUAC model for methanol - water mixtures T2 - Fluid phase equilibria : an international journal N2 - A pressure dependency is included in a quadratic temperature dependent binary interaction parameter of the UNIQUAC model. The obtained activity coefficients for methanol-water mixtures are compared with only temperature dependent UNIQUAC and UNIFAC, and with calculated activity coefficients based on experimental data between 298.15 - 373.15 K and 0.1519 - 1.01325 bar produced with vapor-liquid equilibrium calculations and Wilson method. This model exhibits an overall good agreement. The predicted activity coefficients are more adaptable than those from models without pressure dependence, indicating potential for further improvement. Y1 - 2026 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fluid.2025.114533 SN - 0378-3812 VL - 599 SP - 1 EP - 13 PB - Elsevier BV CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gailing, Ludger A1 - Panebianco, Stefano A1 - Priebs, Axel A1 - Danielzyk, Rainer T1 - Meilenstein auf dem Weg zu einer Transformationsplanung? : die Umsetzung der Flächenziele nach Windenergieflächenbedarfsgesetz in der Praxis der Regionalplanung T2 - Raumforschung und Raumordnung = Spatial research and planning N2 - Das neue Windenergieflächenbedarfsgesetz (WindBG) desBundes sieht länderscharfe Flächenziele für Windgebiete vor, legt Zeitpunkte für die Zielerreichung fest und normiert Sanktionen für den Fall, dass die geforderten Flächen nicht rechtzeitig planerisch bereitgestellt werden. Für die Energiewendeund somit für einen wichtigen Aspekt der Transformationhin zur Klimaneutralität wird die räumliche Planung deutlich in Verantwortung genommen. Der veränderte Rechtsrahmen stellt mit seinen außerhalb von Raumordnungsplänen definierten Flächenzielen eine gravierende Veränderung für die Raumordnung dar. Dieser Beitrag analysiert die Umsetzung des Windenergieflächenbedarfsgesetzes mithilfe einer qualitativen Expertenbefragung sowie einer Dokumentenanalyse und nimmt eine planungstheoretische Einordnung vor. Die Analyse zeigt, dass die zeitlichen und flächenbezogenen Ziele des Gesetzes zumindest bislang weitgehend stringent in den Ländern und Planungsregionen umgesetzt werden. Zugleich erscheint der Prozess als in skalarer Hinsicht agonistisch, weil es zu Konflikten in den Planungsregionen vor dem Hintergrund der klaren Zielsetzungen des Bundes kommen kann. Der Steuerungsansatz des Gesetzes legt die Frage nahe, ob künftig auch für andere Handlungsfelder der Nachhaltigkeitstransformation extern und ,top-down‘ fachgesetzliche Zielevorgegeben werden sollten – und welche Folgen dies für das Selbstverständnis der Raumordnung als integrierender, koordinierender und abwägender Planung hat. N2 - The new Wind Energy Area Requirements Act (WindBG) of the German federal government provides state-specific land use goals for wind areas, sets deadlines for achieving the goals and establishes sanctions in the case that the required areas are not made available in a timely manner. Spatial planning is clearly being made responsible for the energy transition and thus for an important aspect of the transformation towards climate neutrality. The changed legal framework, with its land use goals defined outside of formal spatial development plans, represents a significant change for spatial planning. This paper analyses the implementation of the Wind Energy Area Requirements Act with the help of a qualitative expert survey and a document analysis and presents a discussion in the field of planning theory. The study shows that the temporal and area-related goals of the Act have been implemented stringently in the federal states and planning regions, at least to date. At the same time, the process appears to be agonistic in scalar terms because conflicts can arise in the planning regions against the background of the clear objectives of the federal government. The steering approach of the Act raises the question of whether external and “top-down” sectoral targets should also be set for other fields of action of the sustainability transformation in future – and what consequences this has for the self-image of spatial planning as integrating, coordinating and weighing up planning. T2 - A milestone on the way to transformation planning? : he implementation of land use planning goals under the Wind Energy Land Requirements Act in regional planning practice Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.14512/rur.3077 SN - 1869-4179 SP - 1 EP - 17 PB - oekom verlag CY - München ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grigusova, Paulina A1 - Limberger, Oliver A1 - Murkute, Charuta A1 - Pucha-Cofrep, Franz A1 - Gonzalez-Jaramillo, Victor Hugo A1 - Fries, Andreas A1 - Windhorst, David A1 - Breuer, Lutz A1 - Dantas de Paula, Mateus A1 - Hickler, Thomas A1 - Trachte, Katja A1 - Bendix, Jörg T1 - Radiation partitioning in a cloud-rich tropical mountain rain forest of the S-Ecuadorian Andes for use in plot-based land surface modelling T2 - Dynamics of atmospheres and oceans : planetary fluid, climatic and biogeochemical systems N2 - Understanding the partitioning of downward shortwave radiation into direct and diffuse components is essential for modeling ecosystem energy fluxes. Accurate partitioning functions are critical for land surface models (LSMs) coupled with climate models, yet these functions often depend on regional cloud and aerosol conditions. While data for developing semi-empirical partitioning functions are abundant in mid-latitudes, their performance in tropical regions, particularly in the high Andes, remains poorly understood due to scarce ground-based measurements. This study analyzed a unique dataset of shortwave radiation components from a tropical mountain rainforest (MRF) in southern Ecuador, developing and testing a locally adapted partitioning function using Random Forest Regression. The model achieved high accuracy in predicting the percentage of diffuse radiation (%Dif; R²=0.95, RMSE = 5.33, MAE = 3.74) and absolute diffuse radiation (R²=0.99, RMSE = 5.30, MAE = 14). When applied to simulate upward shortwave radiation, the model outperformed commonly used partitioning functions achieving the lowest RMSE (8.62) and MAE (5.82) while matching the highest R² (0.97). These results underscore the importance of regionally adapted radiation partitioning functions for improving LSM performance, particularly in complex tropical environments. The adapted LSM will be further utilized for studies on heat fluxes and carbon sequestration. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2025.101553 SN - 0377-0265 VL - 110 SP - 1 EP - 16 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stangenberg-Gliss, Kirsten A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Borgetto, Bernhard T1 - Synchronous home-based telerehabilitation of the upper extremity following stroke—A Pyramid Review T2 - Healthcare N2 - Background: Stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability, often resulting in upper extremity impairment. Telerehabilitation offers a promising approach to deliver therapy in home settings. This review aimed to evaluate the effects of home-based telerehabilitation interventions delivered to address upper extremity function in stroke patients. Methods: A systematic review was conducted following the Pyramid Review methodology. Quantitative and qualitative studies examining home-based telerehabilitation for upper extremity function in stroke patients were included. Data were synthesized using meta-analysis where possible and narrative synthesis. Results: Thirty studies (24 quantitative, four qualitative, and two mixed-methods studies) were included. Telerehabilitation interventions demonstrated improvements in upper extremity function for both subacute and chronic stroke patients, with varying effect sizes across intervention types. Constraint-induced movement therapy adaptations and some sensor-based approaches showed consistently positive results. Qualitative findings revealed generally positive effects, with convenience, gamification, and social support as key motivators for adherence. Conclusions: Home-based telerehabilitation shows promise for improving upper extremity function in stroke patients. However, heterogeneity in intervention designs and outcomes limits definitive conclusions. Future research should focus on larger trials, observational studies, standardized outcome measures, and long-term follow-up as well as qualitative studies with focus on perceived effectiveness to optimize telerehabilitation approaches for stroke recovery. KW - Telerehabilitation KW - Review KW - Evidence-based practice KW - Home based KW - Stroke Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13010090 SN - 2227-9032 VL - 13 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 34 PB - MDPI AG ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lützner, Jörg A1 - Deckert, Stefanie A1 - Lange, Toni A1 - Postler, Anne Elisabeth A1 - Aringer, Martin A1 - Berth, Hendrik A1 - Bork, Hartmut A1 - Dreinhöfer, Karsten E A1 - Günther, Klaus-Peter A1 - Heller, Karl-Dieter A1 - Hube, Robert A1 - Kirschner, Stephan A1 - Kladny, Bernd A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Sabatowski, Rainer A1 - Stoeve, Johannes A1 - Wagner, Richard A1 - Lützner, Cornelia T1 - Evidenzbasierte und patientenorientierte Indikationsstellung zur Knieendoprothese – Update der Leitlinie T2 - Zeitschrift für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie N2 - ZusammenfassungDie Implantation einer Knieendoprothese zählt mit ca. 170000 Eingriffen pro Jahr zu den am häufigsten stationär durchgeführten Operationen in Deutschland. Eine einheitliche, angemessene und patientenorientierte ärztliche Indikationsstellung ist bei einem solchen Eingriff unerlässlich. Das Update der S2k-Leitlinie „Indikation Knieendoprothese“ beinhaltet auf aktueller Evidenz basierende und im breiten Konsens abgestimmte Empfehlungen und eine Checkliste im praxistauglichen Format.Für dieses Leitlinien-Update wurde eine systematische Literaturrecherche nach (inter-)nationalen Leitlinien und systematischen Übersichtsarbeiten zur Gonarthrose und Knieendoprothetik durchgeführt, um klinisch relevante Fragestellungen zu Diagnostik, Prädiktoren für das Outcome, Risikofaktoren und Kontraindikatoren zu beantworten.Eine Knieendoprothese soll nur bei radiologisch nachgewiesener fortgeschrittener Gonarthrose (Kellgren-Lawrence-Grad 3 oder 4), nach vorangegangener konservativer Therapie über mindestens 3 Monate sowie bei hohem subjektivem Leidensdruck hinsichtlich der kniebezogenen Beschwerden und nach Ausschluss möglicher Kontraindikationen (Infektionen, Begleiterkrankungen, BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2) erfolgen. Modifizierbare Risikofaktoren (wie Rauchen, Diabetes mellitus, Anämie) sollen zuvor adressiert und ggf. optimiert werden. Die Ziele der Patient*innen sollen erfragt und deren Eintrittswahrscheinlichkeit gemeinsam besprochen werden. Schließlich ist die Entscheidung zur Knieendoprothese von Patient*in und Operateur*in gemeinsam zu treffen, wenn der zu erwartende Nutzen die möglichen Risiken überwiegt.Das Update der S2k-Leitlinie wurde um die unikondyläre Knieendoprothese erweitert, die präoperative Optimierung modifizierbarer Risikofaktoren ergänzt sowie Konkretisierungen der Hauptindikationskriterien vorgenommen. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2288-7254 SN - 1864-6697 PB - Georg Thieme Verlag KG ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jinks, Clare A1 - Botto-van Bemden, Angie A1 - Bunzli, Samantha A1 - Bowden, Jocelyn A1 - Egerton, Thorlene A1 - Eyles, Jillian A1 - Foster, Nadine A1 - Healey, Emma L. A1 - Maddison, John A1 - O’Brien, Daniel A1 - Quicke, Jonathan G. A1 - Schiphof, Dieuwke A1 - Parry, Emma A1 - Thomas, Martin J. A1 - Holden, Melanie A. A1 - Allen, Kelli A1 - Babatunde, Opeyemi O. A1 - Bennel, Kim L. A1 - Berry, Alice A1 - Bierma-Zeinstra, Sita A1 - Callahan, Leigh A1 - Campbell, Laura A1 - Dziedzic, Krysia S. A1 - Finney, Andrew A1 - French, Helen P. A1 - Haber, Travis A1 - Hadley-Barrows, Tina A1 - Hall, Michelle A1 - Hawker, Gillian A1 - Henriksen, Marius A1 - Hinman, Rana S. A1 - Ho-Pham, Lan A1 - Hunter, David J. A1 - Lawford, Belinda J. A1 - Mallen, Christian D. A1 - McHugh, Gretl A. A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Neogi, Tuhina A1 - Nicholls, Elaine A1 - Nicolson, Philippa J. A. A1 - Østerås, Nina A1 - Paskins, Zoe A1 - Protheroe, Joanne A1 - Roos, Ewa M. A1 - Runhaar, Jos A1 - Skou, Soren T. A1 - Simkins, Joanna A1 - Swaithes, Laura A1 - Thomas, Geraint A1 - Esch, Martin van der A1 - Whittaker, Jackie A1 - Zhang, Weiya T1 - Changing the narrative on osteoarthritis: A call for global action T2 - Osteoarthritis and Cartilage Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joca.2024.02.004 SN - 1063-4584 VL - 32 IS - 4 SP - 414 EP - 420 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Elser, Alexander A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Schäfer, Axel T1 - Implementation of a virtual reality tntervention in outpatient physiotherapy for chronic pain: protocol for a pilot implementation study T2 - JMIR Research Protocols N2 - Background Chronic pain is a global health issue that causes physical, psychological, and social disabilities for patients, as well as high costs for societies. Virtual reality (VR) is a new treatment that provides an opportunity to narrow the gap between clinical practice and recommended care in the use of patient education and behavioral interventions in the outpatient physiotherapy setting. However, there is currently no implementation strategy to integrate VR treatments into this setting. Objective This protocol outlines a pilot implementation study that aims to (1) identify barriers and facilitators for implementing a VR intervention in outpatient physiotherapy care for people with chronic pain and (2) develop and pilot test an implementation strategy in 5 practices in Germany. Methods The study consists of 4 phases. The first phase involves adapting the treatment protocol of the VR intervention to the local context of outpatient physiotherapy practices in Germany. The second phase includes the collection of barriers and facilitators through semistructured interviews from physiotherapists and the development of a theory-driven implementation strategy based on the Theoretical Domains framework and the Behavior Change Wheel. This strategy will be applied in the third phase, which will also include a 6-month span of using VR interventions in practices, along with a process evaluation. The fourth phase consists of semistructured interviews to evaluate the developed implementation strategy. Results The recruitment process and phase 1, including the adaptation of the treatment protocol, have already been completed. We recruited 5 physiotherapy practices in Lower Saxony, Germany, where the VR intervention will be implemented. The collection of barriers and facilitators through semistructured interviews is scheduled to begin in February 2024. Conclusions This pilot implementation study aims to develop a theory-driven implementation strategy for integrating a VR intervention into outpatient physiotherapy care for people with chronic pain. The identified barriers and facilitators, along with the implementation strategy, will serve as a starting point for future randomized controlled implementation studies in different settings to refine the implementation process and integrate VR interventions into the outpatient care of people with chronic pain. KW - Virtuelle Realität, chronischer Schmerz Y1 - 2024 UR - https://www.researchprotocols.org/2024/1/e58089 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2196/58089 SN - 1929-0748 VL - 13 PB - JMIR Publications Inc. ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lüdtke, Kerstin A1 - Schäfer, Axel A1 - Braun, Cordula A1 - Elsner, Bernhard A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Grüneberg, Christian A1 - Ehrenbrusthoff, Katja A1 - Braun, Tobias T1 - Forschung erleben, Kontakte knüpfen und Impulse für die eigene Arbeit mitnehmen: Bericht vom Forschungssymposium Physiotherapie an der Hochschule für Gesundheit in Bochum und von der 1. Mitgliederversammlung der DGPTW T2 - Physioscience Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0035-1567163 SN - 1860-3351 SN - 1860-3092 VL - 13 IS - 01 SP - 44 EP - 45 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Neustadt, Katrin A1 - Deckert, Stefanie A1 - Heineck, R. A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Preissler, A. A1 - Sabatowski, Rainer A1 - Schmitt, Jochen A1 - Kaiser, U. T1 - Patient perspectives in outcome research : Development of a focus group concept for collating patient perspectives on determination of effectiveness of multimodal pain therapy - A pilot study T2 - Der Schmerz Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00482-016-0171-0 SN - 1432-2129 SN - 0932-433X VL - 31 IS - 2 SP - 139 EP - 148 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kaiser, Ulrike A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Deckert, Stefanie A1 - Neustadt, Katrin A1 - Jacobi, Lena A1 - Cameron, Paul A1 - De Angelis, Valerio A1 - Apfelbacher, Christian A1 - Arnold, Bernhard A1 - Birch, Judy T1 - Developing a core outcome-domain set to assessing effectiveness of interdisciplinary multimodal pain therapy T2 - Pain Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001129 SN - 0304-3959 SN - 1872-6623 N1 - viele weitere Autor*innen VL - 159 IS - 4 SP - 673 EP - 683 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lange, Toni A1 - Struyf, Filip A1 - Schmitt, Jochen A1 - Lützner, Jörg A1 - Kopkow, Christian T1 - The reliability of physical examination tests for the clinical assessment of scapular dyskinesis in subjects with shoulder complaints: A systematic review T2 - Physical therapy in sport : official journal of the Association of Chartered Physiotherapists in Sports Medicine Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptsp.2016.10.006 SN - 1466-853X SN - 1873-1600 VL - 26 SP - 64 EP - 89 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lange, Toni A1 - Schmitt, Jochen A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Rataj, Elisabeth A1 - Günther, Klaus-Peter T1 - What Do Patients Expect From Total Knee Arthroplasty? A Delphi Consensus Study on Patient Treatment Goals T2 - The Journal of arthroplasty Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arth.2017.01.053 SN - 0883-5403 SN - 1532-8406 VL - 32 IS - 7 SP - 2093 EP - 2099 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lange, Toni A1 - Matthijs, Omer A1 - Nitin, B. Jain A1 - Schmitt, Jochen A1 - Lützner, Jörg A1 - Kopkow, Christian T1 - Reliability of specific physical examination tests for the diagnosis of shoulder pathologies: a systematic review and meta-analysis T2 - British journal of sports medicine Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2016-096558 SN - 0306-3674 SN - 1473-0480 VL - 51 IS - 6 SP - 511 EP - 518 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kaiser, Ulrike A1 - Deckert, Stefanie A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Schmitt, Jochen A1 - Sabatowski, Rainer T1 - Dose or content? Effectiveness of pain rehabilitation programs for patients with chronic low back pain: A systematic review T2 - Pain Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2014.06.002 SN - 1872-6623 VL - 155 IS - 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Lange, Toni A1 - Schmitt, Jochen A1 - Petzold, Thomas T1 - Versorgungsforschung in der Physiotherapie: systematisch aufbauen und synergetisch (weiter)entwickeln T2 - Das Gesundheitswesen Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-102137 SN - 1439-4421 SN - 0941-3790 VL - 79 IS - 3 SP - 162 EP - 163 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Eschenbeck, Philipp T1 - Core Outcome Sets – Studien vergleichbar machen T2 - Ergopraxis Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-100242 SN - 1439-2283 SN - 1869-5507 VL - 10 IS - 5 SP - 10 EP - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Blank, Julia A1 - Kopkow, Christian T1 - Schmerzhafte Schwimmerschulter T2 - Zeitschrift für Physiotherapeuten : Pt Y1 - 2019 SN - 1614-0397 IS - 12 SP - 56 EP - 60 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Baal, Katharina van A1 - Allfofs, Jana A1 - Ehrenbrusthoff, Katja A1 - Grüneberg, Christian A1 - Hering, Thomas A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Thiel, Christian T1 - Effects of a movement control and tactile acuity training in patients with nonspecific chronic low back pain and control impairment T2 - BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-020-03727-y SN - 1471-2474 VL - Vol. 21 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Girbig, Maria A1 - Freiberg, Alice A1 - Deckert, Stefanie A1 - Druschke, Diana A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Nienhaus, Albert A1 - Seidler, Andreas T1 - Work-related exposures and disorders among physical therapists: experiences and beliefs of professional representatives assessed using a qualitative approach T2 - Journal of occupational medicine and toxicology Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12995-016-0147-0 SN - 1745-6673 VL - 12 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Braun, Tobias A1 - Thiel, Christian A1 - Ziller, Carina A1 - Rasche, Julia A1 - Bahns, Carolin A1 - Happe, Lisa A1 - Retzmann, Theresa A1 - Grüneberg, Christian T1 - Prevalence of frailty in older adults in outpatient physiotherapy in an urban region in the western part of Germany : a cross-sectional study T2 - BMJ Open Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027768 SN - 2044-6055 VL - 9 IS - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wienke, Alisa Katharina A1 - Thiel, Christian A1 - Kopkow, Christian T1 - Effekte von Medical Flossing bei Patienten mit Schulterbeschwerden – Randomisierte kontrollierte Pilotstudie T2 - Physioscience Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1078-6882 SN - 1860-3092 SN - 1860-3351 VL - 16 IS - 1 SP - 5 EP - 15 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Freiberg, Alice A1 - Kirschner, Stephan A1 - Seidler, Andreas A1 - Schmitt, Jochen T1 - Physical Examination Tests for the Diagnosis of Posterior Cruciate Ligament Rupture T2 - Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2013.4906 SN - 1938-1344 SN - 0190-6011 VL - 43 IS - 11 SP - 804 EP - 813 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bahns, Carolin A1 - Hering, Thomas A1 - Thiel, Christian T1 - Effekt von körperlichem Training auf den Schweregrad des Restless-Legs-Syndroms : Systematischer Review und Metaanalyse T2 - Physioscience Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/a-0658-0360 SN - 1860-3092 SN - 1860-3351 VL - 14 IS - 3 SP - 112 EP - 122 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dexel, Julian A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Kasten, Philip T1 - Pathomechanismus, Diagnostik und Therapie der Skapuladyskinesie beim Wurfsportler T2 - Deutsche Zeitschrift für Sportmedizin Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5960/dzsm.2012.084 SN - 0344-5925 SN - 2510-5264 VL - 64 IS - 9 SP - 267 EP - 72 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grüneberg, Christian A1 - Braun, Tobias A1 - Bahns, Carolin A1 - Thiel, Christian T1 - Diagnostik und Intervention bei älteren Menschen mit Frailty : ein Fallbericht T2 - Zeitschrift für Physiotherapeuten Y1 - 2018 SN - 1614-0397 VL - 70 IS - 9 SP - 33 EP - 43 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kopkow, Christian T1 - Leitlinien und die Profession Physiotherapie T2 - Physioscience Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0035-1567232 SN - 1860-3092 SN - 1860-3351 VL - 13 IS - 04 SP - 153 EP - 154 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Karstens, Sven A1 - Braun, Tobias A1 - Bruderer-Hofstetter, Marina A1 - Diermayr, Gudrun A1 - Gafner, Simone A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Pott, Claudia A1 - Rausch, Anne-Kathrin A1 - Rogan, Slavko T1 - Relevanz und nicht mehr nur Signifikanz - Einbindung und Interpretation von Konfidenzintervallen zur Beurteilung von Behandlungseffekten T2 - Physioscience Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1741-9702 SN - 1860-3351 SN - 1860-3092 VL - 18 IS - 02 SP - 49 EP - 51 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ehrenbrusthoff, Katja A1 - Braun, Tobias A1 - Bahns, Carolin A1 - Happe, Lisa A1 - Kopkow, Christian T1 - Adherence to evidence-based practice across healthcare professionals in Germany : results from a cross-sectional, nationwide survey T2 - BMC Health Services Research Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-022-08682-z SN - 1472-6963 IS - 22 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Braun, Tobias A1 - Ehrenbrusthoff, Katja A1 - Bahns, Carolin A1 - Happe, Lisa A1 - Kopkow, Christian T1 - Adhärenz und Einflussfaktoren evidenzbasierter Praxis in der physiotherapeutischen Versorgung in Deutschland - eine Querschnittstudie T2 - Zeitschrift für Evidenz, Fortbildung und Qualität im Gesundheitswesen (ZEFQ) Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.zefq.2021.10.004 SN - 1865-9217 VL - 168 SP - 8 EP - 20 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Butry, Lionel A1 - Förster, Annemarie A1 - Thiel, Christian A1 - Kopkow, Christian T1 - Erwartungen von Patient*innen mit unspezifischen Kreuzschmerzen an die physiotherapeutische Behandlung im ambulanten Setting T2 - Physioscience Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1331-6569 SN - 1860-3351 SN - 1860-3092 VL - 17 IS - 3 SP - 121 EP - 129 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bahns, Carolin A1 - Bolm-Audorff, Ulrich A1 - Seidler, Andreas A1 - Romero Starke, Karla A1 - Ochsmann, Elke T1 - Occupational risk factors for meniscal lesions : a systematic review and meta-analysis T2 - BMC musculoskeletal disorders Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-021-04900-7 SN - 1471-2474 VL - 22 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bahns, Carolin A1 - Scheffler, Bettina A1 - Kopkow, Christian T1 - Implementing Osteoarthritis Guidelines in Physiotherapy in Germany : study protocol of a mixed-method study using the theoretical domains framework and the behaviour change wheel T2 - Osteoarthritis and Cartilage Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joca.2022.02.520 SN - 1063-4584 VL - 30 IS - Supplement 1 SP - S386 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bahns, Carolin A1 - Happe, Lisa A1 - Thiel, Christian A1 - Kopkow, Christian T1 - Physical therapy for patients with low back pain in Germany: a survey of current practice T2 - BMC musculoskeletal disorders Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12891-021-04422-2 SN - 1471-2474 VL - 22 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bahns, Carolin A1 - Kopkow, Christian T1 - Physiotherapy for patients with hip and knee osteoarthritis in Germany : a survey of current practice T2 - Osteoarthritis and Cartilage Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joca.2022.02.575 SN - 1063-4584 VL - 30 IS - Supplement 1 SP - S422 EP - S423 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Braun, Tobias A1 - Kopkow, Christian T1 - Warum wir Forschungsprioritäten zur Vermeidung von Research Waste brauchen T2 - Physioscience Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1392-8428 SN - 1860-3351 SN - 1860-3092 VL - 17 IS - 2 SP - 49 EP - 51 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bahns, Carolin A1 - Bremer, Alexander A1 - Napierala-Komp, Simone A1 - Hauke, Jeannine A1 - Menke, Chiara Julia A1 - Glaubitz, Andreas A1 - Kopkow, Christian T1 - Program evaluation GLA:D®Germany: a mixed-methods: study using the RE-AIM wuest framework T2 - Osteoarthritis and Cartilage Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joca.2024.02.788 SN - 1063-4584 VL - 32 IS - Supplement 1 SP - S530 EP - S531 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Bahns, Carolin A1 - Bremer, Alexander A1 - Napierala-Komp, Simone A1 - Hauke, Jeannine A1 - Menke, Chiara Julia A1 - Glaubitz, Andreas T1 - Implementation of GLA:D® in Germany – changes in patient outcomes after a 3-month follow-up T2 - Osteoarthritis and Cartilage Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joca.2024.02.802 SN - 1063-4584 VL - 32 IS - Supplement 1 SP - S539 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bahns, Carolin A1 - Happe, Lisa A1 - Kopkow, Christian T1 - Barriers and facilitators to guidline use in Osteoarthritis care: a qualitative study among Physiotherapists T2 - Osteoarthritis and Cartilage Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joca.2024.02.775 SN - 1063-4584 VL - 32 IS - Supplement 1 SP - S520 EP - S521 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Elser, Alexander A1 - Lange, Marina A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Schäfer, Axel T1 - Barriers and Facilitators to the Implementation of Virtual Reality Interventions for People With Chronic Pain: Scoping Review T2 - JMIR XR Spatial Comput N2 - Background: Chronic pain is a growing health problem worldwide with a significant impact on individuals and societies. In regard to treatment, there is a gap between guideline recommendations and common practice in health care, especially concerning cognitive and psychological interventions. Virtual reality (VR) may provide a way to improve this situation. A growing body of evidence indicates that VR therapy has positive effects on pain and physical function. However, there is limited knowledge about barriers and facilitators to the implementation of VR interventions for people with chronic pain in health care settings. Objective: The aim of this study was to identify and analyze the barriers and facilitators involved in implementing VR interventions for people with chronic pain. Methods: We conducted a scoping review of the German and English literature using the MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL, PEDro, LILACS, and Web of Science (inception to November 2023) databases, including quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods studies reporting barriers and facilitators to the implementation of VR interventions for people with chronic pain, as reported by patients or health care professionals. Two reviewers systematically screened the abstracts and full texts of retrieved articles according to the inclusion criteria. All mentioned barriers and facilitators were extracted and categorized according to the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF). Results: The database search resulted in 1864 records after removal of duplicates. From the 14 included studies, 30 barriers and 33 facilitators from the patient perspective and 2 facilitators from the health care professional perspective were extracted. Barriers reported by people with chronic pain were most frequently assigned to the TDF domains environmental context (60%) and skills (16.7%). Most facilitators were found in three domains for both the patients and health care professionals: beliefs about consequences (30.3%), emotions (18.2%), and environmental context (18.2%). Conclusions: The findings of this review can inform the development of strategies for future implementations of VR interventions for people with chronic pain. Additionally, further research should address knowledge gaps about the perspective of health care professionals regarding the implementation of VR interventions for people with chronic pain. KW - Physiotherapie, chronischer Schmerz, Virtual Reality Y1 - 2024 UR - https://xr.jmir.org/2024/1/e53129 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2196/53129 VL - 1/2024 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Braun, Tobias A1 - Thiel, Christian A1 - Peter, Raphael A1 - Bahns, Carolin A1 - Büchele, Gisela A1 - Rapp, Kilian A1 - Becker, Clemens A1 - Grüneberg, Christian T1 - Association of clinical outcome assessments of mobility capacity and incident disability in community-dwelling older adults – a systematic review and met-analysis T2 - Ageing Research Reviews Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2022.101704 SN - 1872-9649 VL - 81 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pieper, Dawid A1 - Pachanov, Alexander A1 - Bahns, Carolin A1 - Prill, Robert A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Shehu, Eni A1 - Song, Yang A1 - Amer, Yasser Sami A1 - Stein, Airton Tetelbom A1 - Choi, Kyung-Eun Anna T1 - Locally adapted guidelines: a scoping review T2 - Systematic Reviews N2 - Background Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) often fail to be fully implemented in practice. One barrier to CPG implementation is inconsistency between recommendations and existing practice patterns. This can include patients, personnel, structure, availability of resources, cultural and ethical values. To account for this, it is feasible to tailor national CPGs to a regional or local context (e.g. hospital). Local ownership can be beneficial and help to implement the guideline without affecting guideline validity. This process is also known as guideline adaptation. We aimed to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effectiveness of locally adapted CPGs. Methods We performed a scoping review, following the JBI guidance. The scoping review was registered with the Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/3ed2w). The intervention had to be a locally adapted guideline (locally meaning adapted to any delineated area and/or entity at subnational and/or transnational level). Co-interventions were accepted. We did not restrict the control group. As we considered locally adapted guidelines as an intervention, and it seems feasible to test locally adapted guidelines in trials, we only considered RCTs, including cluster-RCTs. PubMed and Embase were searched in November 2024. Two reviewers independently screened titles and abstracts, full-text articles, and charted data. Conflicts were resolved by involving a third reviewer. Data were summarized descriptively. The findings were discussed with knowledge users. Results Five cluster RCTs reported in 8 publications and published between 2000 and 2010, were included. The trials originated from the UK, Scotland, Australia, the US, and the Netherlands. The adapted CPGs focused on diabetes, asthma, smoking cessation, mental disorders, and menorrhagia and urinary incontinence. The number of sites (e.g. practices) ranged from 4 to 30. Reporting was mostly insufficient to understand how adaptation was performed. Interventions always included some form of dissemination, such as educational meetings or workshops. Conclusions There is a lack of RCTs investigating the effectiveness of locally adapted guidelines. A systematic review is unwarranted due to the clinical and methodological heterogeneity of these trials. The identified studies were largely conducted over 20 years ago, highlighting a significant knowledge gap. The reasons for the lack of similar studies today are unclear, which is surprising given advances in adaptation frameworks in guideline development. As the importance of contextualization is emphasized, future studies on locally adapted guidelines should be conducted with strong rationale supported by local data. Without a sound rationale, there is a risk that evidence-based, high-quality guidelines could be undermined. In future trials, authors should closely adhere to reporting guidelines. Systematic review registration https://osf.io/3ed2w. KW - Leitlinien KW - Guideline KW - Scoping Review Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-025-02808-0 SN - 2046-4053 VL - 14 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 9 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pieper, Dawid A1 - Behnke, Eva‐Maria A1 - Dumke, Rieke A1 - Kehr‐Fuckel, Christel A1 - Radow, Carolin A1 - Schulze, Nils A1 - Follmann, Markus A1 - Schaefer, Corinna A1 - Prill, Robert A1 - Kopkow, Christian A1 - Bahns, Carolin A1 - Choi, Kyung‐Eun (Anna) A1 - Fischer, Lena T1 - Awareness of adapting clinical practice guidelines to a local context T2 - Clinical and public health guidelines N2 - Background Guideline recommendations are often not implemented in practice. This can be attributed to factors such as patient preferences and characteristics, structural conditions, personnel or other resources, as well as cultural or ethical aspects. Adaptations to the local context (e.g., regional or hospital) result in so-called locally adapted guidelines (LAGL), which could improve implementation. We aimed to assess the awareness of LAGL among guideline developers in Germany. Methods An online survey was conducted via LimeSurvey in May 2024. The questionnaire, designed based on literature and expert opinions, consisted of 23 items, predominantly with dichotomous response options. Recruitment was conducted via email. Direct contact addresses were identified using the German guideline registry (n = 397). Additionally, a mailing list distribution was conducted through the guidelines working group of the German Network for Evidence-Based Medicine (n = 316). Only fully completed questionnaires were included in the analysis. Data cleaning and descriptive analysis were performed using Excel. Results A total of 63 questionnaires were fully completed. The most represented groups were physicians (65%) and methodologists (24%), most frequently in coordination (76%) or as group members (62%). The most judicious reasons for developing a LAGL were differences in patient populations (48%), currency of recommendations (46%), and patient values and preferences (44%). The most commonly cited likely reasons for developing a LAGL were economic considerations (32%), differences in patient populations (30%), and currency of recommendations (30%). Many respondents (59%) were aware of the possibility of adapting existing guidelines to the local context. Among these, approximately half (49%) had already locally adapted a guideline, with 75% using an adaptation framework. Discussion LAGLs are known among guideline developers in Germany and are generally developed using adaptation frameworks. Potential reasons for preparing LAGLs are diverse, with some discrepancies between perceived valid and likely reasons. Highlights Over half (59%) of surveyed clinical practice guideline (CPG) developers in Germany were aware of the possibility of adapting CPGs to local contexts, and nearly half of them had practical experience doing so. Although several adaptation frameworks exist, only 44% of experienced adaptors were familiar with them, and among users, many found them only partly helpful. Differences in patient populations, outdated recommendations, and patient values were rated as the most valid reasons for local CPG adaptation, while economic factors were seen as the most likely driver in practice. Despite existing awareness, guideline adaptation to local settings remains underutilized and lacks structured implementation, highlighting the need for clearer definitions, better resources, and more practical examples. KW - Leitlinien Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/gin2.70025 SN - 2836-3973 VL - 2 IS - 3 SP - 1 EP - 7 PB - Wiley CY - Hobken, New Jersey ER - TY - GEN A1 - Renner, Caroline A1 - Jeitziner, Marie-Madlen A1 - Albert, Monika A1 - Brinkmann, Sabine A1 - Diserens, Karin A1 - Dzialowski, Imanuel A1 - Heidler, Maria-Dorothea A1 - Lück, Martina A1 - Nusser-Müller-Busch, Ricki A1 - Sandor, Peter S. A1 - Schäfer, Andreas A1 - Scheffler, Bettina A1 - Wallesch, Claus A1 - Zimmermann, Gudrun A1 - Nydahl, Peter T1 - Guideline on multimodal rehabilitation for patients with post-intensive care syndrome T2 - Critical Care N2 - Background Intensive Care Unit (ICU) survivors often experience several impairments in their physical, cognitive, and psychological health status, which are labeled as post-intensive care syndrome (PICS). The aim of this work is to develop a multidisciplinary and -professional guideline for the rehabilitative therapy of PICS. Methods A multidisciplinary/-professional task force of 15 healthcare professionals applied a structured, evidence-based approach to address 10 scientific questions. For each PICO-question (Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome), best available evidence was identified. Recommendations were rated as “strong recommendation”, “recommendation” or “therapy option”, based on Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation principles. In addition, evidence gaps were identified. Results The evidence resulted in 12 recommendations, 4 therapy options, and one statement for the prevention or treatment of PICS. Recommendations: early mobilization, motor training, and nutrition/dysphagia management should be performed. Delirium prophylaxis focuses on behavioral interventions. ICU diaries can prevent/treat psychological health issues like anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorders. Early rehabilitation approaches as well as long-term access to specialized rehabilitation centers are recommended. Therapy options include additional physical rehabilitation interventions. Statement: A prerequisite for the treatment of PICS are the regular and repeated assessments of the physical, cognitive and psychological health in patients at risk for or having PICS. Conclusions PICS is a variable and complex syndrome that requires an individual multidisciplinary, and multiprofessional approach. Rehabilitation of PICS should include an assessment and therapy of motor-, cognitive-, and psychological health impairments. KW - Post-intensive care syndrome Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s13054-023-04569-5 SN - 1364-8535 VL - 27 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 14 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bendix, Jörg A1 - Limburger, Oliver A1 - Breuer, Lutz A1 - Dantas de Paula, Mateus A1 - Fries, Andreas A1 - Gonzalez-Jaramillo, Victor Hugo A1 - Grigusova, Paulina A1 - Hickler, Thomas A1 - Murkute, Charuta A1 - Pucha-Cofrep, Franz A1 - Trachte, Katja A1 - Windhorst, David T1 - Simulation of latent heat flux over a high altitude pasture in the tropical Andes with a coupled land surface framework T2 - The science of the total environment N2 - Latent heat flux is a central element of land-atmosphere interactions under climate change. Knowledge is particularly poor in the biodiversity hotspot of the Andes, where heat flux measurements using eddy covariance stations are scarce and land surface models (LSMs) often oversimplify the complexity of the ecosystems. The main objective of this study is to perform latent heat flux simulations for the tropical South Eastern (SE) Ecuadorian Andes using a coupled LSM framework, and to test the performance with heat flux and soil moisture data collected from a tropical high-altitude pasture. Prior to testing, we applied multi-criteria model calibration of sensitive model parameters, focusing on improving simulated soil water conditions and radiation fluxes as a prerequisite for proper heat flux simulations. The most sensitive parameters to improve soil moisture and radiation flux simulations were soil porosity, saturated hydraulic conductivity, leaf area index, soil colour and NIR (Near Infrared) leaf optical properties. The best calibrated model run showed a very good performance for half-hourly latent heat flux simulations with an R² of 0.8 and an RMSE of 34.0 W m⁻², outperforming simulations with uncalibrated and uncoupled LSM simulations in comparable areas. The slight overall overestimation in the simulated latent heat flux can be related to (i) simulation uncertainties in the canopy heat budget, (ii) an imbalance in the observed flux data and (iii) slight overestimations in the simulated soil moisture. Although our study focuses on latent heat fluxes and their relation to simulated radiation fluxes and soil moisture, model outputs of sensible heat fluxes were also discussed. The systematic overestimation of sensible heat flux in the model seems to be mainly a result of overestimated canopy temperatures. The improved simulation for latent heat flux has a high translational potential to support land use strategies in the tropical Andes under climate change. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179510 SN - 1879-1026 VL - 981 SP - 1 EP - 21 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Limberger, Oliver A1 - Homeier, Jürgen A1 - Gonzalez-Jaramillo, Victor A1 - Fries, Andreas A1 - Murkute, Charuta A1 - Trachte, Katja A1 - Bendix, Jörg T1 - Foliar trait retrieval models based on hyperspectral satellite imagery perform well in a biodiversity hotspot of the SE Ecuadorian Andes T2 - International journal of remote sensing N2 - The determination of the spatial distribution of canopy traits is crucial for understanding the spatio-temporal dynamics of ecosystem functions, such as carbon sequestration, water and energy fluxes in tropical montane forests. Especially in remote areas such as the Andes of south-east Ecuador, remote sensing using satellites has been proven to provide valuable information on canopy traits. However, the performance of the multispectral models to date is limited. Here, we analyse the potential of DESIS (DLR Earth Sensing Imaging Spectrometer) hyperspectral surface reflectance data for the prediction of specific leaf area (SLA), foliar toughness, nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) content by calibrating a PLSR model for each foliar trait. Model validation showed a high explanation of variance (R2 : 0.78–0.92) and a low model error (mean-normalized RMSE: 8–13%) for all traits, showing an improved performance compared to models based on multispectral imagery and ancillary data within the same forest type. Hyperspectral models predicting foliar traits from individual tree crowns showed a lower performance for most traits, probably related to the difference in spatial resolution compared to this study. Given the high species richness of the Andean biodiversity hotspot and the complex topography, the high quality of the DESIS models is remarkable, considering that the multispectral models from the region require topographic predictors in addition to reflectances to achieve a good performance. The spatial trait maps generated by our models based on the reflectances only show clear relationships with terrain elevation. Thus, the hyperspectral trait maps from satellite orbit are capable of supporting large-scale ecological analyses between features, diversity and ecosystem functions. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2025.2511211 SN - 1366-5901 SP - 1 EP - 19 PB - Taylor & Francis CY - London ER - TY - GEN A1 - Saravia, Christian A1 - Trachte, Katja T1 - Spatiotemporal analysis of NH₃ emission sources and their relation to land use types in the Eastern German lowlands T2 - Atmosphere N2 - Ammonia (NH₃) emissions, which are key precursors of fine particulate matter, pose significant environmental challenges. This study investigated the spatiotemporal variations in NH₃ emissions across the eastern German lowlands from 2013 to 2022 using IASI-B satellite data. Five major Land Cover Classes (LCC) –tree, grassland, cropland, built-up areas, and water bodies– were analyzed. The results showed distinct diurnal variations, with nighttime NH₃ concentrations exceeding 2.0 × 10¹⁶ molecules cm⁻² in the peak months. Seasonal patterns indicated significant emissions in March (1.2 × 10¹⁶ molecules cm⁻²), April (1.1 × 10¹⁶ molecules cm⁻2), and August (9.6 × 10¹⁵ molecules cm⁻²), while the lowest concentrations occurred in September (0.6 × 10¹⁵ molecules cmv²). Persistent hotspots were identified in the northwestern region, where emissions peaked in spring (1.8 × 10¹⁶ molecules cm⁻²) and summer (1.3 × 10¹⁶ molecules cm⁻²), primarily due to agricultural activities. Over the study period, the annual NH₃ concentration peaked in 2015, 2018, and 2022. Using k-means clustering, three distinct emission zones were identified, with Cluster 3 showing the highest NH₃ emission values, particularly in urban centers, and agricultural zones were identified, covering less than 20% of the study area, where cropland predominates (8%). Meteorological factors significantly influenced NH₃ levels, with negative correlations obtained for precipitation, wind speed, and evaporation, while solar radiation, boundary layer height, and instantaneous moisture fluxes showed positive correlations. A case study from March 2022, employing the HYSPLIT trajectory model, confirmed that agricultural practices are the dominant NH₃ source, with emissions reaching 3.2 × 10¹⁶ molecules cm⁻² in hotspot regions. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos16030346 SN - 2073-4433 VL - 16 SP - 1 EP - 21 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ahmadpour, Somayeh A1 - Bayzidi, Yasin A1 - Trachte, Katja T1 - Spatio-temporal patterns of evapotranspiration in the temperate Eastern German lowlands and its response to climate and land use change T2 - Theoretical and applied climatology N2 - Evapotranspiration (ET) is a key factor in the water and energy cycle, playing a critical role, especially in agricultural regions. The eastern German lowlands, with their continental climate, are one of the driest regions in Germany, yet agriculture is the dominant land use. This study investigates the spatio-temporal variability of ET and its response to climate and land use/land cover change (LUCC) using MODIS remote sensing products and in-situ measurements over the period 2000-2020. The results show a slight increase in the mean annual ET, with local increases of up to 7.2% in the southern and southeastern parts of Brandenburg. LUCC revealed a 22.2% decrease in grassland to cropland conversion, leading to a decline in ET of 21%, while conversion from grassland to cropland increased by 14.8%, resulting in a 10% increase in ET. The strongest relationship with ET was found for vapor pressure deficit (VPD), temperature (Temp), and relative humidity (RH), which contributed 25.2%, 30.9%, and 23.2%, respectively, to its total variability. In addition to atmospheric factors soil moisture (SM) also contributed 17.7% to ET, but only in grassland. LUCC played a minor role as 22% of the study area was under conversion. Consequently, climate change, represented by the temporal change of the climatic factors, was identified as the dominant driver of ET in the study area, accounting for 97% of its variability. Accordingly, these findings underscore the importance of Temp, RH, and SM in agricultural and water resource management. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-025-05529-5 SN - 1434-4483 VL - 156 SP - 1 EP - 19 PB - Springer ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lee, Roh Pin A1 - Reb, Jochen T1 - “Waste-to-Products” for the sustainability transformation of megacities : case analysis of impacts of public knowledge and perception on chemical recycling deployment in Singapore T2 - Cleaner waste systems N2 - Megacities generate significant amounts of unsorted domestic waste. Rather than being landfilled/incinerated, this could be used to substitute fossil resources for chemical production via chemical recycling (CR). CR thus represents an opportunity for a parallel achievement of multiple sustainability goals from resource efficiency, decarbonization to circularity and sustainable waste management. However, as an emerging technology, its potential contributions to a nation’s sustainability transformation remain debated. While extant literature in the fields of waste management and CR have predominantly focused on waste sorting/segregation/collection as well as techno-economical-ecological feasibility of CR technologies respectively, insights into human factors which could hinder CR deployment in the forms of pyrolysis and gasification for the sustainable waste management in megacities remain lacking. To address this gap, this study implemented a representative online survey in Singapore – a megacity in Southeast Asia aiming to transit towards circularity and zero-waste by 2030 – and enabled first and novel insights into factors in the human dimension which would (1) influence proper waste separation/recycling behaviors – a prerequisite for the successful implementation of waste pyrolysis, and (2) impact societal support for using domestic waste for chemical production via waste gasification rather than for energy production via waste incineration – the dominant waste management approach in Singapore. Study insights regarding the impacts of the human factor and the identified opportunities for CR integration in a nation’s waste system – besides extending extant waste management and CR literature – furthermore act as a blueprint for sustainable waste management and green chemistry for the sustainability transformation of other megacities. KW - Chemical recycling KW - Waste pyrolysis KW - Waste gasification KW - Domestic waste KW - Knowledge KW - Perception Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100359 SN - 2772-9125 VL - 12 SP - 1 EP - 12 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ijioma, Uche Dickson A1 - Ijioma, Michael A1 - Herd, Rainer T1 - Assessment of quality and health risks in drinking water sources in Aba, Nigeria T2 - Water practice & technology N2 - Unregulated urban activities significantly impact drinking water quality in many developing communities. This study applied a Water Safety Plan (WSP) to assess water quality, health risks, and the effects of harmful environmental practices in Aba, Nigeria, where the waterworks infrastructure is dysfunctional. The datasets used were collected from physicochemical, chemical, and bacteriological analyses of drinking water samples (natural sources: n = 60, secondary sources: n = 19), along with household surveys (120) and semi-structured expert interviews (10). Findings revealed that groundwater is the primary drinking water source, with most facilities classified as improved sources. However, poor sanitation practices, particularly improper septage disposal, were identified as major contributors to water contamination. Risk assessments based on hazard quotient/index (HQ/HI , 1) indicated low health concerns overall, but higher risks were observed in areas with intense urbanization. Bacteriological analysis showed severe contamination in the Aba River, while sachet water posed significant health risks due to the presence of E. coli and total coliform bacteria in some cases. Despite existing environmental policies in Nigeria, weak institutional frameworks and ineffective local governance hinder effective water quality management. Addressing these challenges requires stronger regulatory enforcement and locally adapted strategies to ensure safe drinking water access. KW - Drinking water quality KW - Hazard quotient/index KW - Microbial quality KW - Nigeria KW - Water safety plan Y1 - 2025 UR - http://iwaponline.com/wpt/article-pdf/20/4/937/1548284/wpt2025042.pdf U6 - https://doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2025.042 SN - 1751-231X VL - 20 IS - 4 SP - 937 EP - 953 PB - IWA Publishing CY - London ER - TY - GEN A1 - Eichenseer, Patrick A1 - Winkler, Herwig T1 - Data-oriented shopfloor management : an inductively developed holistic conceptual model T2 - The international journal of advanced manufacturing technology N2 - Data plays a fundamental role in shopfloor management in order to make better decisions and increase efficiency throughout the production system. The idea of data-oriented shopfloor management has been discussed in the literature as an innovative concept, but unlike traditional or digital shopfloor management, it has not been conceptualised from a holistic perspective. For this reason, this paper used qualitative research in the form of expert interviews to collect holistic conceptual requirements for data-oriented shopfloor management. The data were analysed using the Gioia Methodology and transferred into a data structure to derive conceptual requirements at different levels of aggregation. On the basis of the empirical data, data-oriented shopfloor management was modelled, consisting of the system elements shopfloor, management approach with four subsystems and information system. Specifically, two conceptual models were developed for data-oriented shopfloor management as a distinction was made between episodic configuration and strategic adaptation and the persistent operating mode. Both conceptual models represent the reciprocal relationships and interdependencies of the system elements within data-oriented shopfloor management. Looking to the future, this paper provides the basis for further research to refine the conceptual models based on the empirically collected conceptual requirements with a higher level of detail. KW - Data · Shopfloor · Production · Management concept · Industry 4.0 · Empirical study Y1 - 2025 UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00170-025-15571-2 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-025-15571-2 SN - 1433-3015 VL - 2025 SP - 1 EP - 23 PB - Springer CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ertugrul, Gökhan A1 - Emdadi, Aliakbar A1 - Jedynak, Angelika A1 - Weiß, Sabine A1 - Härtel, Sebastian T1 - Hot forming behavior of tungsten carbide reinforced Ni-based superalloy 625 additively manufactured by laser directed energy deposition T2 - Additive manufacturing letters N2 - The demands of high-performance industries such as aerospace, automotive, tool manufacturing, oil, and gas industries are driving the innovation in high-performance materials and their production methods. This study explores the impact of hybrid manufacturing, specifically the effect of the addition of tungsten carbide (WC/W2C) via Laser-Directed Energy Deposition (L-DED), on the hot workability, hardness, and microstructure of nickel-based superalloy Inconel 625 (IN625). IN625 is known for its high temperature and high corrosion resistance, and tungsten carbide for its high wear resistance and grain refinement effect. The integration of WC/W2C particles into the IN625 matrix, in addition to the use of the hybrid approach of additive manufacturing followed by a hot–forming process, significantly influences the microstructure and mechanical behavior of the material. Thus, while incorporation of the WC/W2C can strengthen the material and extend the mechanical limitations, its full impact, including any potential usages, should be thoroughly evaluated for the intended application of the materials. To understand the effect of WC/W2C, additive manufacturing of IN625 both with and without WC/W2C and isothermal hot compression was carried out. The objective is to analyze the differences in microstructure and properties between L-DED manufactured IN625, and WC-reinforced IN625, and their hot-forming behavior, focusing on the effects of WC addition and post-deformation on microstructure and mechanical properties. This work represents the first investigation into the effect of WC/W2C hard particles on the hot-forming process of additively manufactured Ni-based metal matrix composites. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addlet.2025.100267 SN - 2772-3690 VL - 13 SP - 1 EP - 12 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Laux, Patrick A1 - Feldmann, David A1 - Marra, Francesco A1 - Feldmann, Hendrik A1 - Kunstmann, Harald A1 - Trachte, Katja A1 - Peleg, Nadav T1 - Future precipitation extremes and urban flood risk assessment using a non-stationary and convection-permitting climate-hydrodynamic modeling framework T2 - Journal of hydrology N2 - Urban planners and engineers rely on historical climate data to plan and design flood protection infrastructure that should withstand extreme flooding events with 1% annual exceedance probability (the 100-year flood). Here, we examine how hourly precipitation extremes are expected to change as temperatures rise and how this will affect urban flooding. The changes to short-duration rainfall extremes, often insufficiently considered in practice, are addressed utilizing a new temperature conditional extreme precipitation scaling approach and a novel regional climate convection-permitting model ensemble for +2 °C and +3 °C global warming scenarios. Based on hydrodynamic modeling, we estimate how future precipitation extremes translate into flood risks in two pre-alpine communes in Germany. Ignoring the impacts of climate change may lead to severe underestimations of flood risks. The +3 °C global warming scenario translates into an increase of 60% of affected buildings by the highest flood risk category (water level of 1 m and above). The increase in flow intensities will be greater in the commune characterized by steeper terrain. The results suggest that recently planned or implemented infrastructure projects may not be adequately equipped to cope with the anticipated effects of climate change in the coming decades. KW - Urban pluvial flooding KW - Non-stationary precipitation extremes KW - Clausius-Clapeyron KW - TENAX KW - Convection-permitting models KW - Hydrodynamic modeling KW - Flood hazard Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.133607 SN - 1879-2707 VL - 661, Part B SP - 1 EP - 14 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Afitiri, Abdul-Rahaman A1 - Afrifa, Ernest Kofi Amankwa ED - Voz, Cristobal T1 - Barriers and challenges in the implementation of decentralized solar water disinfection treatment systems : a case of Ghana T2 - Solar N2 - Decentralized solar water disinfection systems (DSODIS) in continuous flow systems are alternatives for large-scale improved water access in rural contexts. However, DSODIS in rural Ghana are limited. An exploratory sequential mixed-methods design was used to explore the enablers of and barriers to, as well as reported barrier perceptions to, the effective implementation of DSODIS in the Sawla-Tuna-Kalba (STK) District of Ghana. The qualitative data (26 respondents) were analyzed thematically, and the quantitative data (1155 household heads) were subjected to Poisson regression analyses. Enablers were categorized into themes such as willingness to pay for DSODIS, household and community participation, and willingness to use water from DSODIS. Similarly, the barriers include environmental barriers, technological barriers, economic barriers, and political and legal barriers. Household characteristics such as main water source and income, age group, education, marital status, household size, being born in the community, and years living in the community are statistically associated with reported barrier perceptions. Households with unimproved water sources and high income (IRR = 1.432, p = 0.000) and improved water sources and high income (IRR = 1.295, p = 0.000) are 43% and 30% more likely, respectively, to report more barrier perceptions compared with households with unimproved water sources and low income. Females (IRR = 1.070, p = 0.032) are marginally more likely to report more barrier perceptions compared with males. The model output also indicates that household heads with higher educational attainment (IRR = 1.152, p = 0.001) are 15% more likely to report more barrier perceptions compared with those with no formal education. These findings provide valuable information for policymakers and stakeholders aiming to provide quality water in rural Ghana where centralized systems cannot be installed. KW - Barrier perceptions KW - Enablers KW - Decentralized systems KW - Poisson regression KW - Improved water KW - Ghana Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/solar5020025 SN - 2673-9941 VL - 5 IS - 2 SP - 1 EP - 20 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - GEN A1 - Afitiri, Abdul-Rahaman A1 - Afrifa, Ernest Kofi Amankwa A1 - Martienssen, Marion ED - Lasagni, Marina T1 - Understanding the potential of mixed photocatalysis for optimization of water disinfection T2 - Pollutants N2 - The use of ultraviolet (UV) for water disinfection is known for its chemical-free process and with no harmful disinfection by-products. Yet, the disinfection process remains time-consuming, and many studies are limited to disinfection of one or two microbial species. Direct photolytic and glass-embedded TiO2 photocatalytic disinfection of four different bacterial species (Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella senftenberg, Bacillus subtilis, and Escherichia coli) were assessed using UV-LED radiation with wavelengths of 365 nm. The optimization of the UV disinfection under different masses of the TiO2 photocatalyst was evaluated. Additionally, the order of disinfection of the different bacteria species was assessed. The disinfection effects were measured based on the potential to reduce the number of bacteria species, calculated in colony-forming units/mL and log reduction units. The disinfection of Staphylococcus aureus was enhanced from 1.46 log reduction units in the UV-alone treatment to a high of 5.65 log reduction units in the UV + 0.08 g TiO2 treatment. Regarding Salmonella senftenberg, disinfection was enhanced from 1.26 log reduction units to 3.85 log reduction units in UV-alone experimental treatments and UV + 0.04 g TiO2, respectively. Similarly, an increase in Bacillus subtilis reduction was achieved from a low of 0.69 log reduction units to a high of 2.98 log reduction units in UV-alone treatments and UV + 0.08 g TiO2, respectively. The disinfection of Escherichia coli was enhanced from 2.49 log reduction units (UV-alone treatment) to a high of 6.35 log reduction units (UV + 0.02 g TiO2). The findings provide key implications and new insights into the studied bacteria species and the future application of porous glass-embedded TiO2 photocatalysts to enhance bacteria disinfection using UV light for improved water. KW - Ultraviolet light-emitting diode (UV-LED) KW - Photocatalyst KW - Water disinfection KW - Log reduction KW - Microbial organisms Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/pollutants5020013 SN - 2673-4672 VL - 5 IS - 2 SP - 1 EP - 17 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mammen, Manasa Mariam A1 - Kayatas, Zafer A1 - Bestle, Dieter T1 - Evaluation of different generative models to support the validation of advanced driver assistance systems T2 - Applied mechanics N2 - Validating the safety and reliability of automated driving systems is a critical challenge in the development of autonomous driving technology. Such systems must reliably replicate human driving behavior across scenarios of varying complexity and criticality. Ensuring this level of accuracy necessitates robust testing methodologies that can systematically assess performance under various driving conditions. Scenario-based testing addresses this challenge by recreating safety-critical situations at varying levels of abstraction, from simulations to real-world field tests. However, conventional parameterized models for scenario generation are often resource intensive, prone to bias from simplifications, and limited in capturing realistic vehicle trajectories. To overcome these limitations, the paper explores AI-based methods for scenario generation, with a focus on the cut-in maneuver. Four different approaches are trained and compared: Variational Autoencoder enhanced with a convolutional neural network (VAE), a basic Generative Adversarial Network (GAN), Wasserstein GAN (WGAN), and Time-Series GAN (TimeGAN). Their performance is assessed with respect to their ability to generate realistic and diverse trajectories for the cut-in scenario using qualitative analysis, quantitative metrics, and statistical analysis. Among the investigated approaches, VAE demonstrates superior performance, effectively generating realistic and diverse scenarios while maintaining computational efficiency. KW - Advanced driver assistance system KW - Real cut-in maneuver KW - Synthetic data KW - Variational autoencoder KW - Generative adversarial networks KW - Machine learning Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/applmech6020039 SN - 2673-3161 VL - 6 IS - 2 SP - 1 EP - 26 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - GEN A1 - Petryk, Dmytro A1 - Kabin, Ievgen A1 - Langendoerfer, Peter A1 - Dyka, Zoya ED - Kotulski, Zbigniew T1 - Horizontal attack against EC kP accelerator under laser illumination T2 - Electronics N2 - Devices employing cryptographic approaches have to be resistant to physical attacks. Side-Channel Analysis (SCA) and Fault Injection (FI) attacks are frequently used to reveal cryptographic keys. In this paper, we present a combined SCA and laser illumination attack against an Elliptic Curve Scalar Multiplication accelerator, while using different equipment for the measurement of its power traces, i.e., we performed the measurements using a current probe from Riscure and a differential probe from Teledyne LeCroy, with an attack success of 70% and 90%, respectively. Our experiments showed that laser illumination increased the power consumption of the chip, especially its static power consumption, but the success of the horizontal power analysis attacks changed insignificantly. After applying 100% of the laser beam output power and illuminating the smallest area of 143 µm² , we observed an offset of 17 mV in the measured trace. We assume that using a laser with a high laser beam power, as well as concentrating on measuring and analysing only static current, can significantly improve the attack’s success. The attacks exploiting the Static Current under Laser Illumination (SCuLI attacks) are novel, and their potential has not yet been fully investigated. These attacks can be especially dangerous against cryptographic chips manufactured in downscaling technologies. If such attacks are feasible, appropriate countermeasures have to be proposed in the future. KW - Power analysis KW - Dynamic power KW - Static leakage power KW - Laser illumination Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics14102072 SN - 2079-9292 VL - 14 IS - 10 SP - 1 EP - 21 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kahlert, Moritz A1 - Fei, Tai A1 - Wang, Yuming A1 - Tebruegge, Claas A1 - Gardill, Markus ED - Koukiou, Georgia T1 - Unified model and survey on modulation schemes for next-generation automotive radar systems T2 - Remote sensing N2 - Commercial automotive radar systems for advanced driver assistance systems (ADASs) have relied on frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) waveforms for years due to their low-cost hardware, simple signal processing, and established academic and industrial expertise. However, FMCW systems face several challenges, including limited unambiguous velocity, restricted multiplexing of transmit signals, and susceptibility to interference. This work introduces a unified automotive radar signal model and reviews the alternative modulation schemes such as phase-coded frequency-modulated continuous wave (PC-FMCW), phase-modulated continuous wave (PMCW), orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM), orthogonal chirp division multiplexing (OCDM), and orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS). These schemes are assessed against key technological and economic criteria and compared with FMCW, highlighting their respective strengths and limitations. KW - Automotive radar KW - Frequency-modulated continuous wave KW - Orthogonal chirp-division multiplexing KW - Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing KW - Orthogonal time frequency space KW - Phase-coded frequency-modulated continuous wave KW - Phase-modulated continuous wave Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17081355 SN - 2072-4292 VL - 17 IS - 8 SP - 1 EP - 43 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rakhi, A1 - Mauss, Fabian T1 - Optimising production of synthetic natural gas (SNG) from methane synthesis T2 - Proceedings in applied mathematics and mechanics : PAMM Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pamm.202400044 SN - 1617-7061 VL - 25 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 5 PB - Wiley-VCH GmbH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schulz, Christian A1 - Stegen, Sarah A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Küpper, Jan-Heiner ED - Lamb, David ED - Syed, Khajamohiddin T1 - Mono-CYP CHO model : a recombinant Chinese hamster ovary cell platform for investigating CYP-specific tamoxifen metabolism T2 - International journal of molecular sciences N2 - The metabolism of drugs and foreign substances in humans typically involves multiple enzymatic steps, particularly in phase-1 biotransformation in the liver, where various cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYPs) play crucial roles. This complexity can lead to a wide range of metabolites. Understanding the contributions of individual CYPs and their interactions within these intricate enzyme cascades can be challenging. We recently developed an in vitro biotransformation platform employing various Chinese Hamster Ovarian (CHO) cell clones. These clones express human cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase (CPR), and each is defined by a specific human CYP enzyme expression, thus exhibiting no detectable endogenous CYP enzyme activity (mono-CYP CHO platform). In this study, we investigated whether the mono-CYP CHO platform is a suitable tool for modeling complex drug metabolization reactions in vitro. Tamoxifen (TAM) was selected as a model substance due to its role as a prodrug widely used in breast cancer therapy, where its main active metabolite, endoxifen, arises from a two-step metabolism primarily involving the CYP system. Specifically, the combined activity of CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 is believed to be essential for efficient endoxifen production. However, the physiological metabolization pathway of TAM is more complex and interconnected, and the reasons for TAM’s therapeutic success and variability among patients are not yet fully understood. Analogous to our recently introduced mono-CYP3A4 CHO cells, we generated a CHO cell line expressing human CPR and CYP2D6, including analysis of CYP2D6 expression and specific activity. Comparative studies on the metabolization of TAM were performed with both mono-CYP CHO models individually and in co-culture with intact cells as well as with isolated microsomes. Supernatants were analyzed by HPLC to calculate individual CYP activity for each metabolite. All the picked mono-CYP2D6 clones expressed similar CYP2D6 protein amounts but showed different enzyme activities. Mono-CYP2D6 clone 18 was selected as the most suitable for TAM metabolization based on microsomal activity assays. TAM conversion with mono-CYP2D6 and -3A4 clones, as well as the combination of both, resulted in the formation of the expected main metabolites. Mono-CYP2D6 cells and microsomes produced the highest detected amounts of 4-hydroxytamoxifen and endoxifen, along with N -desmethyltamoxifen and small amounts of N , N -didesmethyltamoxifen. N -desmethyltamoxifen was the only TAM metabolite detected in notable quantities in mono-CYP3A4, while 4-hydroxytamoxifen and endoxifen were present only in trace amounts. In CYP2D6/3A4 co-culture and equal mixtures of both CYP microsomes, all metabolites were detected at concentrations around 50% of those in individual clones, indicating no significant synergistic effects. In conclusion, our mono-CYP CHO model confirmed the essential role of CYP2D6 in synthesizing the active TAM metabolite endoxifen and indicated that CYP2D6 is also involved in producing the by-metabolite N , N -didesmethyltamoxifen. The differences in metabolite spectra between the two mono-CYP models highlight the CYP specificity and sensitivity of our in vitro system. KW - Chinese hamster ovary cells KW - Mono-CYP CHO KW - Liver KW - Phase-1 biotransformation KW - Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase KW - CYP2D6 KW - Tamoxifen KW - Endoxifen KW - DDM-TAM Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26093992 SN - 1422-0067 VL - 26 IS - 9 SP - 1 EP - 24 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - GEN A1 - Henze, Henriette A1 - Hüttner, Sören S. A1 - Koch, Philipp A1 - Schüler, Svenja C. A1 - Groth, Marco A1 - von Eyss, Björn A1 - von Maltzahn, Julia T1 - Denervation alters the secretome of myofibers and thereby affects muscle stem cell lineage progression and functionality T2 - npj regenerative medicine N2 - Skeletal muscle function crucially depends on innervation while repair of skeletal muscle relies on resident muscle stem cells (MuSCs). However, it is poorly understood how innervation affects MuSC properties and thereby regeneration of skeletal muscle. Here, we report that loss of innervation causes precocious activation of MuSCs concomitant with the expression of markers of myogenic differentiation. This aberrant activation of MuSCs after loss of innervation is accompanied by profound alterations on the mRNA and protein level. Combination of muscle injury with loss of innervation results in impaired regeneration of skeletal muscle including shifts in myogenic populations concomitant with delayed maturation of regenerating myofibers. We further demonstrate that loss of innervation leads to alterations in myofibers and their secretome, which then affect MuSC behavior. In particular, we identify an increased secretion of Osteopontin and transforming growth factor beta 1 (Tgfb1) by myofibers isolated from mice which had undergone sciatic nerve transection. The altered secretome results in the upregulation of early activating transcription factors, such as Junb , and their target genes in MuSCs. However, the combination of different secreted factors from myofibers after loss of innervation is required to cause the alterations observed in MuSCs after loss of innervation. These data demonstrate that loss of innervation first affects myofibers causing alterations in their secretome which then affect MuSCs underscoring the importance of proper innervation for MuSC functionality and regeneration of skeletal muscle. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41536-024-00353-3 SN - 2057-3995 VL - 9 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 14 PB - Nature Publishing Group UK CY - London ER - TY - GEN A1 - Neubert, Tilmann J. A1 - Hielscher, Maximilian M. A1 - Walter, Keven A1 - Schröter, Carolin M. A1 - Stage, Marion A1 - Rosencrantz, Ruben R. A1 - Panis, Felix A1 - Rompel, Annette A1 - Balasubramanian, Kannan A1 - Waldvogel, Siegfried R. A1 - Börner, Hans G. T1 - Electrosynthesis of mussel‐inspired adhesive polymers as a novel class of transient enzyme stabilizers T2 - Angewandte Chemie : a journal of the Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker. International edition N2 - Multifunctional ortho‐quinones are required for the formation of thiol‐catechol‐connectivities (TCC) but can be delicate to handle. We present the electrochemical oxidation of the dipeptide DiDOPA, achieving up to 92 % conversion efficiency of the catechols to ortho‐quinones. Graphite and stainless steel could be employed as cost‐efficient electrodes. The electrochemical activation yields quinone‐solutions, which are free of undesired reactive compounds and eliminates the challenging step of isolating the reactive quinones. The DiDOPA quinones were employed in polyaddition reactions with multi‐thiols, forming oligomers that functioned as transient enzyme stabilizers (TES). These TCC‐TES‐additives improved the thermal stability and the activity of tyrosinase in heat stress assays. KW - Electrosynthesis KW - Protein engineering KW - PEGylation KW - Green chemistry KW - Peptide adhesive Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202419684 SN - 1433-7851 SN - 1521-3773 VL - 64 IS - 6 SP - 1 EP - 8 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klug, Marius A1 - Berg, T. A1 - Gramann, K. T1 - Optimizing EEG ICA decomposition with data cleaning in stationary and mobile experiments T2 - Scientific reports N2 - Electroencephalography (EEG) studies increasingly utilize more mobile experimental protocols, leading to more and stronger artifacts in the recorded data. Independent Component Analysis (ICA) is commonly used to remove these artifacts. It is standard practice to remove artifactual samples before ICA to improve the decomposition, for example using automatic tools such as the sample rejection option of the AMICA algorithm. However, the effects of movement intensity and the strength of automatic sample rejection on ICA decomposition have not been systematically evaluated. We conducted AMICA decompositions on eight open-access datasets with varying degrees of motion intensity using varying sample rejection criteria. We evaluated decomposition quality using mutual information of the components, the proportion of brain, muscle, and 'other' components, residual variance, and an exemplary signal-to-noise ratio. Within individual studies, increased movement significantly decreased decomposition quality, though this effect was not found across different studies. Cleaning strength significantly improved the decomposition, but the effect was smaller than expected. Our results suggest that the AMICA algorithm is robust even with limited data cleaning. Moderate cleaning, such as 5 to 10 iterations of the AMICA sample rejection, is likely to improve the decomposition of most datasets, regardless of motion intensity. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-64919-3 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 14 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 15 PB - Nature Publishing Group UK CY - London ER - TY - GEN A1 - Suawa, Priscile Fogou A1 - Herglotz, Christian ED - Fu, Haoran T1 - Optimizing sensor placement for event detection : a case study in gaseous chemical detection T2 - Sensors N2 - In dynamic industrial environments, strategic sensor placement is key to accurately monitoring equipment and detecting critical events. Despite progress in Industry 4.0 and the Internet of Things, research on optimal sensor placement remains limited. This study addresses this gap by analyzing how sensor placement impacts event detection, using chemical detection as a case study with an open dataset. Detecting gases is challenging due to their dispersion. Effective algorithms and well-planned sensor locations are required for reliable results. Using deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) and decision tree (DT) methods, we implemented and tested detection models on a public dataset of chemical substances collected at five locations. In addition, we also implemented a multi-objective optimization approach based on the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) to identify optimal sensor configurations that balance high detection accuracy with cost efficiency in sensor deployment. Using the refined sensor placement, the DCNN model achieved 100% accuracy using only 30% of the available sensors. KW - Event detection KW - Gaseous substances KW - Industrial monitoring applications KW - Influence of sensor location KW - Multi-objective optimization KW - Sensors KW - Sensors fusion KW - Supervised learning Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/s25082397 SN - 1424-8220 VL - 25 IS - 8 SP - 1 EP - 19 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - GEN A1 - Garsuch, Arnd A1 - Kumkar, Malte A1 - Sailer, Marc A1 - Ernst, Matthias F. A1 - Garkusha, Pawel A1 - Mayer, Jonas A1 - Kahmann, Max T1 - Application of laser-perforated titanium foils in polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolysis T2 - ACS applied energy materials N2 - Ultrathin porous transport layers (PTL) were prepared by laser-perforation of titanium foils. The thickness of employed titanium foils ranged from 25 to 127 μm. In the laser-based process, porous transport layers with controlled and regular patterns were created. The process involved the ablative fabrication of surface structures along with through-plane holes ranging from 10 to 100 μm in size. The porous transport layers were designed with highly ordered patterns featuring micron-sized channels, which enhance their mass transport properties significantly. Laser-perforated titanium foils showed remarkable performance in polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolysis by lowering the cell resistance. The combination of laser-perforated titanium foil and standard PTL resulted in lower high-frequency resistance (HFR) compared to the standard PTL. KW - Hydrogen KW - Proton exchange membrane KW - Polymer electrolyte water electrolysis KW - Catalyst layer KW - Porous transport layer KW - Interface porous transport layer/catalyst layer KW - Laser treatment Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.5c00556 SN - 2574-0962 VL - 8 IS - 8 SP - 4948 EP - 4953 PB - American Chemical Society CY - Washington, DC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jeltsch, Florian A1 - Roeleke, Manuel A1 - Abdelfattah, Ahmed A1 - Arlinghaus, Robert A1 - Berg, Gabriele A1 - Blaum, Niels A1 - De Meester, Luc A1 - Dittmann, Elke A1 - Eccard, Jana Anja A1 - Fournier, Bertrand A1 - Gaedke, Ursula A1 - Gallagher, Cara A1 - Govaert, Lynn A1 - Hauber, Mark A1 - Jeschke, Jonathan M. A1 - Kramer-Schadt, Stephanie A1 - Linstädter, Anja A1 - Lucke, Ulrike A1 - Mazza, Valeria A1 - Metzler, Ralf A1 - Nendel, Claas A1 - Radchuk, Viktoriia A1 - Rillig, Matthias C. A1 - Ryo, Masahiro A1 - Scheiter, Katharina A1 - Tiedemann, Ralph A1 - Tietjen, Britta A1 - Voigt, Christian C. A1 - Weithoff, Guntram A1 - Wolinska, Justyna A1 - Zurell, Damaris T1 - The need for an individual-based global change ecology T2 - Individual-based ecology N2 - Biodiversity loss and widespread ecosystem degradation are among the most pressing challenges of our time, requiring urgent action. Yet our understanding of their causes remains limited because prevailing ecological concepts and approaches often overlook the underlying complex interactions of individuals of the same or different species, interacting with each other and with their environment. We propose a paradigm shift in ecological science, moving from simplifying frameworks that use species, population or community averages to an integrative approach that recognizes individual organisms as fundamental agents of ecological change. The urgency of the biodiversity crisis requires such a paradigm shift to advance ecology towards a predictive science by elucidating the causal mechanisms linking individual variation and adaptive behaviour to emergent properties of populations, communities, ecosystems, and ecological interactions with human interventions. Recent advances in computational technologies, sensors, and analytical tools now offer unprecedented opportunities to overcome past challenges and lay the foundation for a truly integrated Individual-Based Global Change Ecology (IBGCE). Unravelling the potential role of individual variability in global change impact analyses will require a systematic combination of empirical, experimental and modelling studies across systems, while taking into account multiple drivers of global change and their interactions. Key priorities include refining theoretical frameworks, developing benchmark models and standardized toolsets, and systematically incorporating individual variation and adaptive behaviour into empirical field work, experiments and predictive models. The emerging synergies between individual-based modelling, big data approaches, and machine learning hold great promise for addressing the inherent complexity of ecosystems. Each step in the development of IBGCE must systematically balance the complexity of the individual perspective with parsimony, computational efficiency, and experimental feasibility. IBGCE aims to unravel and predict the dynamics of biodiversity in the Anthropocene through a comprehensive study of individual organisms, their variability and their interactions. It will provide a critical foundation for considering individual variation and behaviour for future conservation and sustainability management, taking into account individual-to-ecosystem pathways and feedbacks. KW - Agent-based KW - Biodiversity crisis KW - Climate change KW - Ecological theory KW - Individual trait variation KW - Predictions KW - Scaling up Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3897/ibe.1.148200 SN - 3033-0947 VL - 1 SP - 1 EP - 18 PB - Pensoft Publishers CY - Sofia ER - TY - GEN A1 - Guo, Tongtian A1 - Guo, Meiqi A1 - Ryo, Masahiro A1 - Rillig, Matthias C. A1 - Liu, Nan A1 - Zhang, Yingjun T1 - Ungulate herbivory affects grassland soil biota β‐diversity and community assembly via modifying soil properties and plant root traits T2 - New phytologist : international journal of plant science N2 - Summary Ungulate herbivory, a widespread and complex disturbance, shapes grassland biodiversity and functions primarily through three mechanisms: defoliation, trampling, and excreta return. However, the specific effects of these mechanisms on soil biodiversity and community assembly remain unclear. We conducted a 4‐yr factorial experiment in the Eurasian steppe to investigate how defoliation, trampling, and excreta return influence soil bacterial, fungal, and nematode β‐diversity and community assembly under moderate‐ and high‐density ungulate grazing scenarios. Our findings reveal that herbivores affect soil biota through multiple pathways at different grazing intensities. Specifically, selective defoliation in the moderate‐density scenario promoted stochastic community assembly of nematodes and fungi by increasing the specific root length of plant communities. Excreta return encouraged stochastic bacterial communities by carbon input, while urine‐induced acidification and elevated ammonium levels promoted environmental filtering of bacteria and nematodes. In the high‐density scenario, non‐selective defoliation and heavy trampling created harsher soil conditions, reducing bacterial and nematode β‐diversity via habitat filtering and diminishing association of soil biota with plant roots. This study explored how different components of ungulate behaviour influence soil community assembly and highlighted the crucial role of root traits in mediating soil biota responses, providing insights into the mechanisms of soil biodiversity maintenance under complex disturbances. KW - Aboveground–belowground interactions KW - Community assembly KW - Grassland KW - Root traits KW - Soil microbe KW - Soil nematodes KW - Ungulate herbivory KW - β-diversity Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70199 SN - 0028-646X VL - 247 IS - 1 SP - 281 EP - 294 PB - Wiley CY - Oxford ER - TY - GEN A1 - Martin, Frank A1 - Neubert, Annemarie A1 - Lutter, Anne-Helen A1 - Scholka, Jenny A1 - Hentschel, Erik A1 - Richter, Heiko A1 - Anderer, Ursula T1 - MTS, WST-8, and ATP viability assays in 2D and 3D cultures: Comparison of methodologically different assays in primary human chondrocytes T2 - Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation N2 - BACKGROUND: Tissue engineering enables the production of three-dimensional microtissues which mimic naturally occurring conditions in special tissues. These 3D culture systems are particularly suitable for application in regenerative medicine or experimental pharmacology and toxicology. Therefore, it is important to analyse the cells in their 3D microenvironment with regard to viability and differentiation. Tetrazolium assays (WST-8 and MTS) are still the methods of choice for estimating the number of living, metabolically active cells, with WST-8 being cell-impermeable compared to MTS. In contrast to these methods, the ATP assay is an endpoint method based on the luciferase-induced reaction of ATP with luciferin after cell lysis. OBJECTIVE:We compared three methodologically different proliferation/toxicity assays (MTS, WST-8, ATP) in monolayer (2D) and 3D culture systems to improve the technically challenging determination of the number of viable cells. METHODS: Chondrocytes were isolated from human articular cartilage. Three different test systems (MTS, WST-8, ATP) were applied to monolayer cells (2D, varying cell numbers) and spheroids (3D, different sizes) in 96-well plates. The intracellular ATP concentration was determined by luciferase-induced reaction of ATP with luciferin using a luminometer. Formazan formation was measured spectrophotometrically after different incubation periods. Evaluation was performed by phase contrast microscopy (toxicity), correlation of cell count and ATP concentration or absorption signal (Gompertz function) and propidium iodide (PI) staining to proof the cell lysis of all cells in spheroids. RESULTS: In 2D culture, all three assays showed a good correlation between the number of seeded cells and the ATP concentration or absorption data, whereas the MTS-assay showed the lowest specificity. In 3D culture, the spheroid sizes were directly related to the number of cells seeded. The absorption data of the WST-8 and MTS assay correlated only for certain spheroid size ranges, whereas the MTS-assay showed again the lowest specificity. Only the measured intracellular ATP content showed a linear correlation with all spheroid sizes ranging from 100–1000 µm. The WST-8 assay revealed the second-best sensitivity which allows the measurement of spheroids larger than 240 µm. Phase contrast observation of monolayer cells showed toxic effects of MTS after 6 h incubation and no signs of toxicity of WST-8. Staining with propidium iodide showed complete lysis of all cells in a spheroid in the ATP assay. CONCLUSION: Among tetrazolium-based assays, WST-8 is preferable to MTS because of its non-toxicity and better sensitivity. When determining the number of viable cells in the 2D system, caution is advised when using the ATP assay because of its two-phase slope of the correlation graph concerning cell number and intracellular ATP. In 3D systems of human chondrocytes, the ATP-assay is superior to the other two test systems, as the correlation graph between cell number and intracellular ATP is biphasic. Since differentiation processes or other metabolic events can influence the results of proliferation and toxicity assays (determination of viable cells), this should be taken into account when using these test systems. KW - ATP assay KW - MTS KW - WST-8 KW - Human chondrocytes KW - Spheroid KW - 3D culture KW - 2D culture Y1 - 2024 UR - https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.3233/CH-248101 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3233/CH-248101 SN - ISSN 1386-0291 VL - 88 SP - 3 EP - 19 PB - IOS Press ER - TY - GEN A1 - Geyer, Thomas A1 - Lucius, Andreas A1 - Schneider, Marc A1 - Enghardt, Lars T1 - Aerodynamic noise from circular cylinders under turbulent inflow conditions T2 - AIAA journal N2 - The aerodynamic noise generated by a circular cylinder in a subsonic crossflow is a classical problem in aeroacoustics, which has been investigated experimentally and numerically in the past. The presence of a turbulent inflow is known to have an effect on the generation of tonal noise due to vortex shedding, although the available experimental data are sparse. The present paper describes an experimental study on the noise generated by a set of circular cylinders in grid-generated turbulence conducted in an aeroacoustic wind tunnel facility. Acoustic measurements were performed using microphone array technology. The results show that the free stream turbulence broadens the spectral peak of the vortex shedding tones, especially for cylinders with a diameter that is small compared to the turbulent integral length scale. One key result of the study is that the turbulent inflow leads to an increase in the vortex shedding Strouhal number compared to the case with clean inflow as well as to an additional increase of the Strouhal number with Reynolds number. This trend can also be observed qualitatively in the velocity power spectral densities measured in the wake of a selected cylinder using hot-wire anemometry. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2514/1.J064504 SN - 1533-385X VL - 63 IS - 8 SP - 3250 EP - 3260 PB - AIAA CY - Reston, Va. ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fünning, Tabea A1 - Paul, Martin A1 - Manganelli, Costanza Lucia A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Mai, Andreas A1 - Steglich, Patrick T1 - Comparative simulation analysis of photonic ultrasound sensors based on silicon waveguides T2 - Scientific reports N2 - Pressure sensors based on photonic integrated circuits (PIC) offer the prospect of outstanding sensitivities, extreme miniaturization and have the potential for highly scalable production using CMOS compatible processing. PIC-based pressure sensors detect the change in optical properties, i.e. the intensity or phase of the optical carrier wave inside miniaturized waveguide structures. The detection of ultrasound is achieved by engineering the waveguide architecture such that a pressure causes a high change in the effective refractive index of the waveguide. A range of PIC-based pressure sensors have been reported, but a comparison of the sensitivity of the different approaches is not straightforward, since different pressure sensitive waveguide architectures as well as photonic layouts and measurement setups impact the performance. Additionally, the used sensitivity unit is not uniform throughout the different studies, further complicating a comparison. In this work, a detailed simulation study is carried out by finite element modeling of different pressure sensitive waveguide architectures for a consistent comparison. We analyze three different sensor architectures: (A) a free standing membrane located within a tiny air gap above the waveguide, (B) a waveguide located on top of a deflectable membrane as well as (C) a waveguide embedded inside a pressure-sensitive polymer cladding. The mechanical response of the structures and the resulting changes in mode propagation, i.e. the change of the effective refractive index, are analyzed. The waveguide sensitivities in RIU/MPa for different waveguide types (strip, slot) and polarization states (TE, TM) are compared. The results reveal inherent limitations of the different waveguide designs and create a basis for the selection of suitable designs for further ultrasound sensor development. Possibilities for enhancing waveguide sensitivity are identified and discussed. Additionally, we have shown that the studied approaches are extensible to SiN waveguides. KW - Ultrasound sensor Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-01953-9 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 15 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 13 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC CY - [London] ER - TY - GEN A1 - Uhlmann, Max A1 - Krysik, Milosz A1 - Wen, Jianan A1 - Frohberg, Max A1 - Baroni, Andrea A1 - Reddy, Keerthi Dorai Swamy A1 - Pérez, Eduardo A1 - Ostrovskyy, Philip A1 - Piotrowski, Krzysztof A1 - Carta, Corrado A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Kahmen, Gerhard T1 - A compact one-transistor-multiple-RRAM characterization platform T2 - IEEE transactions on circuits and systems I : regular papers N2 - Emerging non-volatile memories (eNVMs) such as resistive random-access memory (RRAM) offer an alternative solution compared to standard CMOS technologies for implementation of in-memory computing (IMC) units used in artificial neural network (ANN) applications. Existing measurement equipment for device characterisation and programming of such eNVMs are usually bulky and expensive. In this work, we present a compact size characterization platform for RRAM devices, including a custom programming unit IC that occupies less than 1 mm2 of silicon area. Our platform is capable of testing one-transistor-one-RRAM (1T1R) as well as one-transistor-multiple-RRAM (1TNR) cells. Thus, to the best knowledge of the authors, this is the first demonstration of an integrated programming interface for 1TNR cells. The 1T2R IMC cells were fabricated in the IHP’s 130 nm BiCMOS technology and, in combination with other parts of the platform, are able to provide more synaptic weight resolution for ANN model applications while simultaneously decreasing the energy consumption by 50 %. The platform can generate programming voltage pulses with a 3.3 mV accuracy. Using the incremental step pulse with verify algorithm (ISPVA) we achieve 5 non-overlapping resistive states per 1T1R device. Based on those 1T1R base states we measure 15 resulting state combinations in the 1T2R cells. KW - RRAM KW - Vector Matrix Multiplication Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSI.2025.3555234 SN - 1549-8328 SP - 1 EP - 12 PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) CY - New York ER - TY - GEN A1 - Baroni, Andrea A1 - Pérez, Eduardo A1 - Reddy, Keerthi Dorai Swamy A1 - Pechmann, Stefan A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Ielmini, Daniele A1 - Zambelli, Cristian T1 - Enhancing RRAM reliability : exploring the effects of Al doping on HfO2-based devices T2 - IEEE transactions on device and materials reliability N2 - This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of RRAM devices based on HfO2 and Al-doped HfO2 insulators, focusing on critical performance metrics, including Forming yield, Post-Programming Stability (PPS), Fast Drift, Endurance, and Retention at elevated temperatures (125 ∘C). Aluminum doping significantly enhances device reliability and stability, improving Forming yield, reducing current drift during programming and Retention tests, and minimizing variability during Endurance cycling. While Al5%:HfO2 achieves most of the observed benefits compared to pure HfO2, Al7%:HfO2 offers incremental advantages for scenarios requiring extreme reliability. These findings position Al-doped HfO2 devices as a promising solution for RRAM-based systems in memory and neuromorphic computing, highlighting the potential trade-off between performance gains and increased fabrication complexity. This work underlines the importance of material engineering for optimizing RRAM devices in application-specific contexts. KW - RRAM KW - Memristive device Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TDMR.2025.3581061 SN - 1530-4388 SN - 1558-2574 SP - 1 EP - 9 PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) CY - New York ER - TY - GEN A1 - Melcher, Anja Carina A1 - Krehenwinkel, Henrik A1 - Harms, Danilo A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Estimating required sample sizes for gut content metabarcoding studies of dietary diversity in spiders T2 - Journal of applied entomology N2 - Spiders are dominant predators in terrestrial ecosystems, regulating invertebrate biomass, diversity and abundance through predation. However, analysing predation patterns in the field is challenging, especially as spiders are extra-intestinal liquid feeders and often active at night. Gut content metabarcoding (GCM) provides a cost-effective method to study the prey composition of spiders. In this study, we determine the minimum sample size of spider specimens required to obtain representative estimates of local prey composition. Six common spider species were studied using GCM, and we show that the number of analysed individuals per spider species influenced the sampling completeness for prey at different taxonomic levels. To achieve 90% sampling completeness at the prey species level, between 50 and over 150 individuals per spider species had to be analysed, which is challenging for ecological multi-site studies. Hence, we argue for consideration of coarser taxonomic levels, such as family or order, which often provide sufficient ecological information to understand predator–prey interactions. At these levels, sampling completeness can be achieved with much smaller sample sizes of four to eight individuals per species, making ecological GCM studies more cost-effective. These results highlight the benefits of considering the taxonomic resolution in metabarcoding studies to address ecological research questions. We further provide information that will facilitate future investigations of predator–prey dynamics, not just in spiders but also in other extra-intestinal liquid feeders like, for example, ground beetles. KW - Araneae KW - Dietary specialisation KW - Taxonomic resolution KW - Predation dynamics KW - Sampling completeness KW - Predator-prey interaction Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/jen.13433 SN - 1439-0418 VL - 149 IS - 7 SP - 1034 EP - 1039 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Oxford ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ojo, Sola A1 - Asamoah, Solomon A1 - Albrecht, Eike A1 - Ibrahim, Bachar T1 - Integrating sustainable development and disaster mitigation into climate policies to support water security in Africa T2 - Earth N2 - Africa’s water security is inextricable from the recent patterns of climate variability. Effective formulation and implementation of climate policies require efficient integration of disaster mitigation and sustainable development to eliminate maladaptation and enhance water security. However, practical implementation is still lacking in many African countries. This study aims to examine practical measures and strategies for the integration of sustainable development and disaster mitigation into climate policies to enhance water security in Africa. A systematic bibliometric and thematic analysis was conducted using 95 peer-reviewed articles within the period 2010 to 2025 from the Scopus database. Software and frameworks such as VOSviewer and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) were employed to analyze publication trends, co-authorship networks, keyword co-occurrence, and themes. The study revealed current research themes such as nature-based solutions for water security, climate-resilient infrastructure and technologies, and practical measures, such as eco-based adaptation and water energy food nexus, as some components of climate policy integration that can enhance water security in Africa. The study offers key policy recommendations for policymakers in the implementation of integrated climate policies adequate and effective enough to deal with water security issues in Africa. KW - Water security in Africa Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/earth6020057 SN - 2673-4834 VL - 6 IS - 2 SP - 1 EP - 19 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - GEN A1 - Garsuch, Arnd A1 - Berk, Rafael B. A1 - Berkes, Balazs A1 - Wirtz, Maike A1 - Metzger, Lukas A1 - Bräuninger, Sigmar A1 - Eberle, Felix A1 - Ryll, Thomas T1 - Electrochemical process to produce metal hydroxide precursor for single crystalline NCM cathode active materials : the ePCAM process T2 - Journal of the electrochemical society Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ade3a9 SN - 1945-7111 VL - 172 IS - 6 PB - Electrochemical Society CY - Pennington, NJ ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ermilova, E. A1 - Hlushkova, D.B. A1 - Volchuk, V.M. T1 - The effect of plasma coatings on the properties of low-alloy steels T2 - Functional materials N2 - The paper considers the possibility of using ion-plasma spraying of coatings on low-alloy steels 4Х5MFS and 5ХNM. The choice of these grades is due to the fact that they do not contain tungsten, given the sharp increase in its deficiency, and the molybdenum content is limited, and these steels also meet the requirements for the substrate material on which the titanium nitride coating is applied. The coatings were applied by the method of condensation of the substance under ion bombardment conditions. To determine the required nitrogen pressure, titanium nitride is applied at different partial nitrogen pressures – from 310 -3 to 1 Pa. Coatings obtained under different nitrogen pressures differ in the amount and size of the droplet phase. The largest amount of the droplet phase containing α-Ti is observed in coatings obtained at nitrogen pressures of 3x10–3 Pa, 3x10–2 Pa. An increase in nitrogen pressure (4·10–1 Pa, 1 Pa) significantly reduces the level of microdistortions of crystal lattices in the coating, its plasticity increases. In this regard, the fragility of the coating decreases with its sufficiently high hardness. As laboratory tests have shown, a titanium nitride coating applied under optimal technological parameters increases the corrosion resistance of the materials on which it is applied three times, and scale resistance – two to four times. KW - Ion-plasma coatings KW - Surface KW - Phase KW - Strengthening KW - Parameters Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.15407/fm32.01.50 SN - 1027-5495 SN - 2218-2993 VL - 32 IS - 1 SP - 50 EP - 55 PB - National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (Co. LTD Ukrinformnauka) (Publications) CY - Charkiw ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nikitin, A. A1 - Hlushkova, D.B. A1 - Volchuk, V.M. A1 - Ragulin, V.M. T1 - Multifractal approach to assessing the heterogeneity of carbon alloys T2 - Functional materials N2 - A multifractal structural analysis of carbon alloy structures after multi-stage flow processing was carried out. The statistical dimensions of the D-300 structure varied from 4.18 to 2.47, indicating the compactness of filling the space with martensite, bainite and pearlite. Indicators of the statistical dimension of cementite in the range from 2.18 to 1.55 characterize the dimension of the D300 structure. The fractal D0, information D1, correlation D2 dimensions of martensite, bainite, pearlite also varied in the range from 2.66 to 2.13, indicating the heterogeneity of the structure. A one-to-one correspondence between the multifractal indicators of the structure and the hardness of the iron-carbon alloy was established. KW - Carbon alloys KW - Multifractal KW - Structure KW - Hardness KW - Statistical dimensions KW - Orderliness KW - Regularity Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.15407/fm32.01.161 SN - 1027-5495 SN - 2218-2993 VL - 32 IS - 1 SP - 161 EP - 165 PB - National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (Co. LTD Ukrinformnauka) (Publications) CY - Charkiw ER - TY - GEN A1 - Uhlmann, Max A1 - Rizzi, Tommaso A1 - Wen, Jianan A1 - Quesada, Emilio Pérez-Bosch A1 - Beattie, Bakr Al A1 - Ochs, Karlheinz A1 - Pérez, Eduardo A1 - Ostrovskyy, Philip A1 - Carta, Corrado A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Kahmen, Gerhard T1 - End-to-end design flow for resistive neural accelerators T2 - IEEE transactions on computer-aided design of integrated circuits and systems N2 - Neural hardware accelerators have demonstrated notable energy efficiency in tackling tasks, which can be adapted to artificial neural network (ANN) structures. Research is currently directed towards leveraging resistive random-access memories (RRAMs) among various memristive devices. In conjunction with complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technologies within integrated circuits (ICs), RRAM devices are used to build such neural accelerators. In this study, we present a neural accelerator hardware design and verification flow, which uses a lookup table (LUT)-based Verilog-A model of IHP’s one-transistor-one-RRAM (1T1R) cell. In particular, we address the challenges of interfacing between abstract ANN simulations and circuit analysis by including a tailored Python wrapper into the design process for resistive neural hardware accelerators. To demonstrate our concept, the efficacy of the proposed design flow, we evaluate an ANN for the MNIST handwritten digit recognition task, as well as for the CIFAR-10 image recognition task, with the last layer verified through circuit simulation. Additionally, we implement different versions of a 1T1R model, based on quasi-static measurement data, providing insights on the effect of conductance level spacing and device-to-device variability. The circuit simulations tackle both schematic and physical layout assessment. The resulting recognition accuracies exhibit significant differences between the purely application-level PyTorch simulation and our proposed design flow, highlighting the relevance of circuit-level validation for the design of neural hardware accelerators. KW - RRAM Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TCAD.2025.3597237 SN - 0278-0070 SN - 1937-4151 SP - 1 EP - 5 PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) CY - New York ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shrestha, Krishna Prasad A1 - Mai, Tam V.‐T. A1 - Giri, Sushant A1 - Reddy, V. Mahendra A1 - Szőri, Milán A1 - Verma, Rakhi A1 - Mauss, Fabian A1 - Giri, Binod Raj A1 - Huynh, Lam Kim T1 - Reaction kinetics of NH₂ with H₂CO and CH₃CHO : modeling implications for NH₃‐dual fuel blends T2 - International journal of chemical kinetics N2 - Carbon‐free fuels like ammonia (NH₃) and hydrogen (H₂) offer significant potential in combating global warming by reducing greenhouse gas emissions and moving toward zero carbon emissions. Over the past few years, our research has focused on understanding the combustion behavior of carbon‐neutral and carbon‐free fuels. In particular, we have explored the combustion characteristics of NH₃ when blended with various hydrocarbons and oxygenates. Our investigation revealed that carbon‐nitrogen cross‐chemistry plays a crucial role in shaping the combustion properties of NH3‐hydrocarbon/oxygenate blends. Specifically, the chemistry of amino (NH₂) radicals is vital in influencing the low‐temperature reactivity of these blends. Understanding the interactions between carbon and nitrogen is essential for optimizing combustion processes and improving the emissions profile of NH₃‐based fuels. Recognizing the significance of this cross‐chemistry, we investigated the reaction kinetics of NH₂ radicals with formaldehyde (H₂CO) and acetaldehyde (CH₃CHO) using high‐level ab initio and transition state theory calculations. We computed the potential energy profiles of these reactions at the CCSD(T)/CBS//M06‐2X/aug‐cc‐pVTZ level of theory to analyze the reactivity of NH2 radicals at various C─H bond sites. The newly derived rate constants have proven to be highly sensitive for modeling the low‐temperature oxidation of NH₃‐dual fuel blends, significantly enhancing the predictive accuracy of our previously published kinetic models. This work offers valuable insights into the role of NH₂ radicals, thereby advancing the development of NH₃‐dual fuel systems. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/kin.21781 SN - 0538-8066 SN - 1097-4601 VL - 57 IS - 7 SP - 403 EP - 416 PB - Wiley CY - New York ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schiller, Josepha A1 - Stiller, Stefan A1 - Ryo, Masahiro T1 - Artificial intelligence in environmental and earth system sciences : explainability and trustworthiness T2 - Artificial intelligence review : an international science and engineering journal N2 - Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) methods have recently emerged to gain insights into complex machine learning models. XAI can be promising for environmental and Earth system science because high-stakes decision-making for management and planning requires justification based on evidence and systems understanding. However, an overview of XAI applications and trust in AI in environmental and Earth system science is still missing. To close this gap, we reviewed 575 articles. XAI applications are popular in various domains, including ecology, engineering, geology, remote sensing, water resources, meteorology, atmospheric sciences, geochemistry, and geophysics. XAI applications focused primarily on understanding and predicting anthropogenic changes in geospatial patterns and impacts on human society and natural resources, especially biological species distributions, vegetation, air quality, transportation, and climate-water related topics, including risk and management. Among XAI methods, the SHAP and Shapley methods were the most popular (135 articles), followed by feature importance (27), partial dependence plots (22), LIME (21), and saliency maps (15). Although XAI methods are often argued to increase trust in model predictions, only seven studies (1.2%) addressed trustworthiness as a core research objective. This gap is critical because understanding the relationship between explainability and trust is lacking. While XAI applications continue to grow, they do not necessarily enhance trust. Hence, more studies on how to strengthen trust in AI applications are critically needed. Finally, this review underlines the recommendation of developing a “human-centered” XAI framework that incorporates the distinct views and needs of multiple stakeholder groups to enable trustworthy decision-making. KW - Trustworthy artificial intelligence KW - User-centered artificial intelligence KW - Explainable artificial intelligence KW - Interpretable machine learning KW - Model interpretation KW - Decision-making Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10462-025-11165-2 SN - 1573-7462 VL - 58 IS - 10 SP - 1 EP - 23 PB - Springer Netherlands CY - Dordrecht ER - TY - GEN A1 - Agunbiade, Michael Bode A1 - Menares, Esteban A1 - Fotang, Chefor A1 - Jallow, Mawdo A1 - Camara, Fagimba A1 - Enoguanbhor, Evidence Chinedu A1 - Shittu, Wakil Adebola A1 - Ogada, Darcy A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Amount of organic waste affects the composition and interactions of vertebrate scavengers at Gambian slaughterhouses T2 - African journal of ecology N2 - Slaughterhouses in The Gambia serve as critical feeding sites for diverse vertebrate scavenger communities, including hooded vultures, domestic dogs, pigs and avian species such as pied crows, black kites and cattle egrets. This study investigated how the quantity and type of organic waste influence the composition and competitive interactions of scavengers across five slaughterhouses. Using multivariate statistical models, we found that waste quantity was the strongest predictor of scavenger community composition, explaining 32.7% of the variation, with hooded vultures being most abundant at high‐waste sites. Specific waste types influenced feeding behaviour, suggesting niche differentiation among species; for instance, cattle egrets focused on blood and insects, while vultures dominated meat‐based resources. Competitive interactions varied by species, with domestic dogs frequently displacing vultures without physical conflict, whereas hooded vultures dominated interactions against other birds. Activity patterns revealed temporal separation, with vultures and dogs active primarily in the morning, and other avian scavengers more active in the afternoon, reducing interspecific competition. The study highlights the essential role of hooded vultures in waste management and disease mitigation but also emphasises how poor fencing facilitates mammalian access, intensifying competition and potentially threatening obligate scavengers. Improving fencing, controlling feeding, and incorporating targeted waste management strategies are recommended to support scavenger conservation and enhance ecosystem services in urbanised environments. KW - Conservation strategies KW - Hooded vultures KW - Organic waste removal KW - Scavenger communities KW - Waste management Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/aje.70045 SN - 0141-6707 SN - 1365-2028 VL - 63 IS - 4 SP - 1 EP - 13 PB - Wiley CY - Oxford ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kronstein-Wiedemann, Romy A1 - Teichert, Madeleine A1 - Michel, Elisa A1 - Berg, Janina A1 - Robinson, George A1 - Tausche, Kristin A1 - Kolditz, Martin A1 - Bergleiter, Johannes A1 - Thiel, Jessica A1 - Koschel, Dirk A1 - Künzel, Stephan R. A1 - Hölig, Kristina A1 - Tonn, Torsten A1 - Rossol, Manuela T1 - Dysregulated monocyte compartment in PACS patients T2 - Frontiers in immunology N2 - Introduction 1-5% of all patients with COVID-19, a disease caused by infection with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Virus 2 (SARS-Cov-2), even those with mild COVID-19 symptoms, continue to have symptoms after initial recovery. Symptoms associated with the post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PACS) include, among others, fatigue, shortness of breath, cough, and cognitive dysfunction. Since the dysregulated immune response appears to be caused by the sustained activation of certain immune cells, including monocytes, and the release of specific cytokines, the aim of our study was to investigate the effect of PACS disease on monocyte subpopulations. Methods Twenty-two healthy and thirty-two patients with PACS were included into this study. We performed blood gas analysis and measured hematological parameters from peripheral blood of PACS patients and compared them with healthy donors. Surface markers to identify monocyte subpopulations were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results PACS patients had higher numbers of intermediate and CD56+ monocytes, whereas the numbers of total monocytes, classical and non-classical monocytes were normal compared to healthy donors. Comparison of patients with and without fatigue, cough, and dyspnea showed no difference in monocyte subset frequencies. However, patients with cognitive dysfunction had increased numbers of non-classical monocytes compared to patients without this symptom. Discussion This suggests a disturbed homeostasis of the monocyte subsets in the peripheral blood of patients with PACS. KW - Monocytes KW - Intermediate monocytes KW - CD56+ monocytes KW - COVID-19 KW - PACS KW - SARS-CoV-2 Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1613034 SN - 1664-3224 VL - 16 SP - 1 EP - 11 PB - Frontiers Media S.A. CY - Lausanne ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kukla, Dominik A1 - Kondej, Adam A1 - Jończyk, Sylwester A1 - Lasota, Piotr A1 - Tabin, Jakub A1 - Schob, Daniela A1 - Roszak, Robert A1 - Kawałko, Jakub A1 - Zagórski, Andrzej A1 - Kopec, Mateusz T1 - Eddy current methodology in the non-direct measurement of martensite during plastic deformation of SS316L T2 - Open engineering N2 - This study examines the use of various eddy current induction techniques to evaluate the stability of austenite in SS316L steel subjected to plastic deformation. This deformation, which occurs locally in austenitic steel structures under operational loads, leads to a martensitic transformation. This transformation affects both the mechanical and magnetic properties of the steel. The martensitic phase content, being ferromagnetic, can be quantitatively assessed using a ferritoscope and other magnetic induction methods. The research explores techniques based on the analysis of impedance signal changes obtained using the NORTEC defetoscope and the WIROTEST device developed by the author’s team. By examining the phase angle, ET signal amplitude, and resonance frequency changes in the eddy current excitation system, the study aims to quantitatively assess the martensitic phase content in samples subjected to plastic deformation. These results were verified through comparison with data from a ferritoscope and X-ray diffraction analysis. Additionally, the eddy current technique facilitates surface screening of the specimen, making it possible to identify cracks and locate the martensitic transformation front in areas of stress concentration. KW - Eddy current KW - Martensitic transformation KW - Additive manufacturing KW - Stainless steel KW - Non-destructive testing KW - WIROTEST device Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/eng-2025-0118 SN - 2391-5439 VL - 15 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 9 PB - De Gruyter CY - Berlin ; Warschau ER - TY - GEN A1 - Abdulghani, Tamer A1 - Winkler, Herwig T1 - A SWOT analysis approach for assessing the sustainable transition in the coal energy sector in Germany T2 - Procedia computer science N2 - The coal energy sector plays a significant role within the German economy, providing a key source of growth and energy supply. However, it is also a major contributor to climate change. In order to address this issue, Germany has adopted a policy to phase-out coal by 2038 at the latest. This paper employs a SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) analysis approach to evaluate the sustainable transition of Germany's coal energy sector. A case study using semi-structured interviews with key actors was conducted in the second largest mining region in Germany, the Lusatia region. The analysis shows that the strengths of the area include its energy expertise, existing infrastructure with renewable energy potential, and availability of land for industrial development and settlement. However, dependence on lignite, internal resistance to change, lack of competence in digital technologies, and complex bureaucracy for implementing new projects represent some of the key weaknesses that companies must address in order to succeed. Some opportunities arise from the structural changes currently occurring, highlighting the potential of a growing renewable energy market and the development of innovative business models, as well as the creation of new employment opportunities and the enhancement of the region's attractiveness for global corporations. Nevertheless, a number of factors present a threat to the sustainable transition, including concerns about energy security, high green fuel costs, social resistance, a shortage of skilled labor, labor migration, and the loss of cooperation partners. KW - Sustainable Transition KW - Sustainability KW - Energy Sector KW - Coal Phase-out KW - Decarbonization KW - SWOT Analysis KW - Energy Value Chain Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2025.07.010 SN - 1877-0509 VL - 263 SP - 76 EP - 81 PB - Elsevier BV CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhu, Yanjie A1 - Meidl, Peter A1 - Li, Huiying A1 - Bi, Mohan A1 - Ryo, Masahiro A1 - Rillig, Matthias C. T1 - Concurrent anthropogenic stressors affect plant–soil systems with different plant diversity levels T2 - New phytologist N2 - Summary Plant diversity strongly influences ecosystem functioning. Due to human activities, ecosystems are increasingly threatened by the co‐occurrence of numerous anthropogenic pressures, but how they respond to this multifaceted phenomenon is poorly documented, and what role plant diversity plays in this process has not been investigated so far. Here, plant–soil systems with different plant diversity levels (3 vs 9 species) were subjected to an increasing number of anthropogenic stressors (0, 1, 2, 5, and 8). Results show that soil properties and functions were directionally driven by stressor number, irrespective of plant diversity level, and plant functional group evenness declined continuously along the stressor number gradient. The impact of stressors on plant–soil systems varied depending on plant diversity, and when plant diversity was higher, concurrent stressors may have interacted more to affect plant–soil systems. Notably, increasing the stressor number tended to diminish the effects of plant diversity. This study represents a first attempt to address the effect of plant diversity under multi‐stressor combinations and highlights the importance of emphasizing plant–soil systems in the research field of multifactorial global change. We also suggest that efforts should be made to reduce the number of coacting stressors when managing plant–soil ecosystems. KW - Biodiversity KW - Ecosystem functioning KW - Global change KW - Interactive effect KW - Plant community KW - Plant functional group evenness KW - Sampling effect Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.70275 SN - 0028-646X VL - 247 IS - 4 SP - 1897 EP - 1911 PB - Wiley CY - Oxford ER - TY - GEN A1 - Menares-Barraza, Esteban A1 - Markova-Nenova, Nonka A1 - Sturm, Astrid A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Cost-effective conservation of multiple goals in grasslands : synergies and trade-offs T2 - Biological conservation N2 - Permanent grasslands in Europe are essential for biodiversity and the provision of ecosystem services, but are increasingly threatened by land-use intensification. In the past, grassland conservation has mainly focused on “traditional” conservation goals such as species richness and endangered species, but has rarely considered alternative goals that address trophic interactions, ecosystem services, or ecosystem resilience. Using data from the research platform Biodiversity Exploratories, we adapted an existing optimization procedure to optimize single and joint conservation goals for butterfly and plant communities in grasslands in two regions in Germany. For all grassland sites, we assessed the costs associated with each management measure and the ecological state measured by multiple attributes. For each region, we ran three optimizations: one ecological (budget-unconstrained), and two cost-effectiveness optimizations with a low and a medium budget (budget-constrained). We compared selected grassland management measures, their costs, and ecological effects for different goals between optimizations and between different goals within the same optimization. Cost-effectiveness optimization can achieve high levels of conservation goals with low budgets, reaching up to 80% of the maximum achievable in the ecological optimizations while requiring only 30% of the budget. Trade-offs with other goals were inevitable but were minimized by jointly optimizing over multiple goals. Optimization results and trade-offs varied between regions, highlighting the need to design and implement region-specific management measures. Our study shows that promoting multiple conservation goals simultaneously across taxonomic boundaries is an ecologically and economically viable option. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2025.111401 SN - 0006-3207 VL - 311 SP - 1 EP - 13 PB - Elsevier BV CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Berger, Wolfram A1 - Nagase, Yoko T1 - A landfill tax refund scheme : analysis and simulation for local governments in the UK T2 - International journal of environment and waste management : IJEWM N2 - Taxes on waste such as a conventional landfill tax belong to a policymakers standard arsenal to reduce pollution, encourage recycling and reuse of materials, and promote the circular economy. Yet introducing or tightening such taxes typically causes political resistance from the regulated parties. We propose a tax refund scheme that can mitigate this problem. Under the scheme, waste management authorities would be required to pay a tax on landfill waste before the resulting tax revenue is rebated to them. Waste-reducing efforts would be stimulated because the refund structure rewards authorities that outperform others in reducing landfilled waste. Using the 2019–2020 data on municipal solid waste we present a simulation of our policy proposal for the UK that can serve as a policy design blueprint for other countries. The information requirements for the policy scheme are low, and its design and administration are simple. KW - Waste management KW - Municipal solid waste KW - Refundable disposal tax KW - Circular economy Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1504/IJEWM.2024.10068220 SN - 1478-9868 VL - 38 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 23 PB - Inderscience Enterprises CY - Geneva ER - TY - GEN A1 - Travnikov, Vadim A1 - Szabo, Peter A1 - Gaillard, Yann A1 - Egbers, Christoph T1 - Centrifugally-driven spherical gap convection with polar angle-dependent boundary condition : can the Nusselt number fall below unity? T2 - Physics of fluids Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0281082 SN - 1089-7666 VL - 37 SP - 1 EP - 15 PB - American Institute of Physics CY - New York ER - TY - GEN A1 - von Werder, Dina A1 - Aubele, Maria A1 - Regnath, Franziska A1 - Tebbe, Elisabeth A1 - Mladenov, Dejan A1 - von Rheinbaben, Victoria A1 - Hahn, Elisabeth A1 - Schäfer, Daniel A1 - Biersack, Katharina A1 - Adorjan, Kristina A1 - Stubbe, Hans C. A1 - Bogaerts, Katleen A1 - Jörres, Rudolf A. A1 - Nowak, Dennis A1 - Van den Bergh, Omer A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Lehnen, Nadine T1 - Increased breathlessness in post-COVID syndrome despite normal breathing patterns in a rebreathing challenge T2 - Scientific reports N2 - Severe symptoms in the absence of measurable body pathology are a frequent hallmark of post-COVID syndrome. From a Bayesian Brain perspective, such symptoms can be explained by incorrect internal models that the brain uses to interpret sensory signals. In this pre-registered study, we investigate whether induced breathlessness perception during a controlled CO2rebreathing challenge is reflected by altered respiratory measures (physiology and breathing patterns), and propose different computational mechanisms that could explain our findings in a Bayesian Brain framework. We analysed data from 40 patients with post-COVID syndrome and 40 healthy participants. Results from lung function, neurological and neurocognitive examination of all participants were within normal limits on the day of the experiment. Using a Bayesian repeated-measures ANOVA, we found that patients’ breathlessness was strongly increased (BF10,baseline =8.029, BF10,rebreathing =11636, BF10,recovery =43662) compared to controls. When excluding patients who hyperventilated (N = 8, 20%) during the experiment from the analysis, differences in breathlessness remained (BF10,baseline =1.283, BF10,rebreathing =126.812, BF10,recovery =751.282). For physiology and breathing patterns, all evidence pointed towards no difference between the two groups (0.307  BF10 < 0.704). In summary, we found intact breathing patterns and physiology but increased symptom perception in patients with post-COVID syndrome. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-11728-x SN - 2045-2322 VL - 15 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 15 PB - Springer Nature CY - [London] ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pisch, Marcus Franz Konrad A1 - Müller, David T1 - How cooperative are games in river sharing models? T2 - Water N2 - There is a long tradition of studying river sharing problems. A central question frequently examined and addressed is how common benefits or costs can be distributed fairly. In this context, axiomatic approaches of cooperative game theory often use contradictory principles of international water law, which are strictly rejected in practice. That leads to the question: Are these methods suitable for a real-world application? First, we conduct a systematic literature review based on the PRISMA approach to categorise the river sharing problems. We identified several articles describing a variety of methods and real-world applications, highlighting interdisciplinary interest. Second, we evaluate the identified axiomatic literature related to TU games with regard to their suitability for real-world applications. We exclude those “standalone” methods that exclusively follow extreme principles and/or do not describe cooperative behaviour. This is essential for a fair distribution. Third, we propose to use the traditional game-theoretical approach of airport games in the context of river protection measures to ensure a better economic interpretation and to enforce future cooperation in the joint implementation of protective measures. Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/17/15/2252 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/w17152252 SN - 2073-4441 VL - 17 IS - 15 SP - 1 EP - 28 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Gerke, Horst H. A1 - Maurer, Thomas A1 - Seifert, Stefan A1 - Nenov, Rossen A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Evaluation of remotely-sensed DEMs and modification based on plausibility rules and initial sediment budgets of an artificially-created catchment T2 - Earth Surface Processes and Landforms Y1 - 2012 SN - 1096-9837 VL - 37 IS - 7 SP - 708 EP - 725 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schulz, Stefanie A1 - Engel, Marion A1 - Fischer, Doreen A1 - Buegger, Franz A1 - Elmer, Michael A1 - Welzl, Gerhard A1 - Schloter, Michael T1 - Diversity pattern of nitrogen fixing microbes in nodules of Trifolium arvense (L.) at different initial stages of ecosystem development T2 - Biogeosciences KW - nitrogen fixing microbes Y1 - 2013 SN - 1726-4189 VL - 10 IS - 3 SP - 1183 EP - 1192 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Biemelt, Detlef A1 - Winter, S. A1 - Fischer, Annette A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Overview and first results of ecological monitoring at the artificial watershed Chicken Creek (Germany) T2 - Physics and Chemistry of the Earth Y1 - 2011 SN - 1873-5193 VL - 36 IS - 1-4 SP - 61 EP - 73 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hohberg, Karin A1 - Russell, David J. A1 - Elmer, Michael T1 - Mass occurrence of algal-feeding tardigrade Apodibius confusus Dastych 1983 in the young soils of a post-mining site T2 - Journal of zoological systematics and evolutionary research Y1 - 2011 SN - 1439-0469 VL - 49 SP - 1 EP - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Krümmelbein, Julia A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Maurer, Thomas A1 - Naeth, M. Anne T1 - Initial Ecosystem Processes as Key Factors of Landscape Development - A Review T2 - Physical Geography Y1 - 2012 SN - 1930-0557 VL - 33 IS - 4 SP - 305 EP - 343 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maurer, Thomas A1 - Gerke, Horst H. T1 - Modelling aeolian sediment transport during initial soil development on an artificial catchment using WEPS and aerial images T2 - Soil & Tillage Research Y1 - 2011 SN - 0167-1987 VL - 117 SP - 148 EP - 162 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Gerke, Horst H. A1 - Maurer, Thomas A1 - Nenov, Rossen T1 - Initial hydro-geomorphic development and rill network evolution in an artificial catchment T2 - Earth Surface Processes and Landforms N2 - The formation of erosion rills and gullies is a critical step in land surface development, but possibilities to study initial unaffected surface development under natural conditions and with well-defined initial and boundary conditions are rare. The objective of this study was to characterize rill network development from ’point zero’ in the artificially-created catchment ‘Hühnerwasser’. To ensure unaffected development, the study was largely restricted to the analysis of remotely-sensed data. We analyzed a series of photogrammetry-based digital elevation models (DEMs) for 10 points in time, over a period of five years and beginning with the initial state. The evolving erosion rill network was quantitatively described based on mapping from aerial photographs. DEMs and rill network maps were combined to specifically analyze the development of morphometry for different parts of the network and to characterize energy dissipation and connectivity. The restriction to remote-sensing data did not allow for analyzing specific processes governing rill network development, nevertheless, two major development phases could be characterized. We observed a phase of growth of the rill network along with variations in drainage patterns during the first two years of development and a subsequent phase of reduction of its area along with comparably stable patterns. Region-specific analysis of morphometry indicates that, besides effects of changing sediment characteristics and vegetation cover development, locally evolving hydro-geomorphic feedback cycles influenced this development. Results show an increasing similarity of overall statistical characteristics (e.g. drainage density) for two parts of the catchment, but a persistent influence of initial conditions on specific rill geometry. The observed development towards higher orderliness and increased connectivity is consistent with experiments and concepts on drainage network evolution across scales; however, we did not observe major influences of rill piracy and cross grading or a reduction of energy dissipation with network development. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.3384 SN - 1096-9837 VL - 38 IS - 13 SP - 1496 EP - 1512 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gerke, Horst H. A1 - Maurer, Thomas A1 - Schneider, Anna T1 - A Three-Dimensional Structure and Process Model for Integrated Hydro-Geo-Pedologic Analysis of a Constructed Hydrological Catchment T2 - Vadose zone journal N2 - A structure model describes the boundary geometries and the three-dimensional solid phase distributions of the catchment. In contrast to an established ecosystem, feedback relations can be assumed for an initial geosystem between the development of spatial structures and the water and element fluxes. The objective was to develop a hydrological catchment model as a three-dimensional spatial database of the solid phase that allows an integrative analysis, a periodical mass balance, and the generation of distributed model parameters for the developing system. Data were from the constructed catchment “Chicken Creek.” The initial texture and bulk density distributions were generated by imitating sediment dumping, segregation, and compaction. Boundary geometries and changes in surface topography due to erosion and sedimentation processes were quantified on the basis of digital elevation models (DEMs) derived from aerial photographs. The catchment was visualized with the three-dimensional software GoCad; the “emergence” of the water table and other structures (e.g., soil horizons, root zone) could be spatially assigned and quantified to identify regions with specific processes. A combination of three-dimensional catchment with time-dependent two-dimensional surface models allowed generating the development of spatially distributed erosion–deposition patterns that formed new initial surfaces. The three-dimensional distributed solid phase structure of the catchment allowed for a more direct comparison with observations using minimal invasive methods. The mass balance of the solids could be related with pedologic development and transfer to other geopedologic systems achieved by adapting sediment transport and deposition in the descriptions of the model. This model may help improve the integrative analysis of hydrological catchments. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2013.02.0040 SN - 1539-1663 VL - 12 IS - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ngo, Viet V. A1 - Gerke, Horst H. A1 - Badorreck, Annika T1 - Estimability Analysis for Optimization of Hysteretic Soil Hydraulic Parameters Using Data of a Field Irrigation Experiment T2 - Transport in Porous Media N2 - To improve the quality of parameter optimization, estimability analysis has been proposed as the first step before inverse modeling. When using field data of irrigation experiments for the determination of soil hydraulic parameters, wetting and drying processes may complicate optimization. The objectives of this study were to compare estimability analysis and inverse optimization of the soil hydraulic parameters in the models with and without considering hysteresis of the soil water retention function. Soil water pressure head data of a field irrigation experiment were used. The one-dimensional vertical water movement in variably saturated soil was described with the Richards equation using the HYDRUS-1D code. Estimability of the unimodal van Genuchten–Mualem hydraulic model parameters as well as of the hysteretic parameter model of Parker and Lenhard was classified according to a sensitivity coefficient matrix. The matrix was obtained by sequentially calculating effects of initial parameter variations on changes in the simulated pressure head values.Optimization was carried out by means of the Levenberg-Marquardt method implemented in the HYDRUS-1D code. The parameters α, Ks, θs, and n in the nonhysteretic model were found sensitive and parameter θs strongly correlated with parameter n. When assuming hysteresis, the estimability was decreased with soil depth for Ks and αd , and increased for θs and n. Among the shape parameters, αw was the most estimable. The hysteretic model could approximate the pressure heads in the soil by considering parameters from wetting and drying periods separately as initial estimates. The inverse optimization could be carried out more efficiently with most estimable parameters. Despite the remaining weaknesses of the local optimization algorithm and the inflexibility of the unimodal van Genuchten model, the results suggested that estimability analysis could be considered as a guidance to better define the optimization scenarios and then improved the determination of soil hydraulic parameters. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11242-014-0315-6 VL - 103 IS - 3 SP - 535 EP - 562 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maurer, Thomas A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Gerke, Horst H. T1 - Scenario-Based Three-Dimensional Distributed Sediment Structures for a Constructed Hydrological Catchment T2 - Vadose zone journal N2 - Many processes in a developing catchment can only be fully understood if the spatial heterogeneity is adequately described. Process-based modeling allows reproducing specific key structural elements of catchments. Constructed catchments are ideal test objects because of the well-known spatial conditions. In our study, we (i) modeled the entire process chain of catchment construction, (ii) established a consistent sediment mass/ volume balance between the excavated outcrop and the generated catchment model, and (iii) provided consistent three-dimensional distributions of texture and bulk density for deriving soil hydraulic properties. Data are from the 6 ha Hühnerwasser catchment (Chicken Creek, Lower Lusatia, Germany), which was constructed from overburden sediments in an open-cast lignite mine. Uncertainty about the parent material origin was captured in a multiscenario approach based on a geological model of the outcrop site and the simulation of excavation procedures. Generated distributions are incorporated in a gridded threedimensional volume model (GOCAD), and results were evaluated by semivariogram analysis and by quantifying point-to-point deviations. Filling and compaction are modeled based on three-dimensional volume analysis and mass balances of dumped sediments. Heterogeneities reflect both the batch-wise sediment variation and the succession of excavated geological units. The scale of the generated spatial models can be adjusted for three-dimensional hydrological catchment modeling while three-dimensional sediment mass balances can be used for analyzing soil and ecosystem development processes. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2013.02.0047 SN - 1539-1663 VL - 12 IS - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wanner, Manfred A1 - Elmer, Michael A1 - Sommer, Michael A1 - Funk, Roger A1 - Puppe, Daniel T1 - Testate amoebae colonizing a newly exposed land surface are of airborne origin T2 - Ecological Indicators N2 - We hypothesized that at the very beginning of terrestrial ecosystem development, airborne testate amoebae play a pivotal role in facilitating organismic colonization and related soil processes. We, therefore, analyzed size and quantity of airborne testate amoebae and immigration and colonization success of airborne testate amoebae on a new land surface (experimental site “Chicken Creek”, artificial post-mining water catchment). Within an altogether 91-day exposure of 70 adhesive traps, 12 species of testate amoebae were identified to be of airborne origin. Phryganella acropodia (51% of all individuals found, diameter about 35–45 μm) and Centropyxis sphagnicola (23% of all individuals found, longest axis about 55–68 μm), occurred most frequently in the adhesive traps. We extrapolated an aerial amoeba deposition of 61 individuals d−1 m−2 (living and dead individuals combined). Although it would be necessary to have a longer sequence (some additional years), our analysis of the “target substrate” of aerial immigration (catchment site) may point to a shift from a stochastic (variable) beginning of community assembly to a more deterministic (stable) course. This shift was assigned to an age of seven years of initial soil development. Although experienced specialists are necessary to conduct these time-consuming studies, the presented data suggest that terrestrial amoebae are suitable indicators for initial ecosystem development and utilization. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2014.07.037 SN - 1470-160x VL - 48 SP - 55 EP - 62 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herrmann, Ludger A1 - Jahn, Reinhold A1 - Maurer, Thomas T1 - Mineral dust around Sahara - from source to sink. A review with emphasis on contributions of the German soil science community in the last twenty years T2 - Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science Y1 - 2010 SN - 1522-2624 VL - 173 IS - 6 SP - 811 EP - 821 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maurer, Thomas A1 - Herrmann, Ludger A1 - Stahr, Karl T1 - The effect of surface variability factors on wind-erosion susceptibility: A field study in SW Niger T2 - Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200800141 SN - 1522-2624 VL - 172 IS - 6 SP - 798 EP - 807 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Russell, David J. A1 - Hohberg, Karin A1 - Elmer, Michael T1 - Primary colonisation of newly formed soils by actinedid mites T2 - Soil Organisms Y1 - 2010 SN - 1864-6417 VL - 82 IS - 2 SP - 237 EP - 251 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Takla, Melanie A1 - Nicolay, Alexander A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Rösler, Horst A1 - Heußner, Karl-Uwe A1 - Bönisch, Eberhard T1 - Pre-industrial charcoal production in Lower Lusatia (Brandenburg, Germany): Detection and evaluation of a large charcoal-burning field by combining archaeological studies, GIS-based analyses of shaded-relief maps and dendrochronological age determination T2 - Quaternary International N2 - In pre-industrial times, charcoal burning was a common source of energy across Europe. Charcoal production and its related consequences for the upland environment are well known due to historical and palaeoenvironmental research. In recent years, awareness has grown regarding the use of woods in the lowlands for charcoal production. In the last 20 years, a large charcoal-burning field in Lower Lusatia (Brandenburg, North German Lowlands) was discovered by systematic archaeological excavations of the opencast mine of Jänschwalde. However, the excavations are limited to the mine, which only covers a portion of the Jänschwalder Heide and the surrounding forests. In this paper, we present the results of our study regarding the spatial extension and timing of charcoal production in the Jänschwalder Heide and its surrounding areas. We applied a combined approach using archaeological research results, GIS-analyses of shaded-relief maps (SRMs) and tree-ring dating of selected charcoal kiln remains. Approximately 900 excavated charcoal kiln ground plans were analysed, which provided a solid data basis for our GIS analyses. For an extensive evaluation, we enlarged our study area beyond the limits of the lignite mine. We identified and digitised the remains of the charcoal kilns by creating SRMs from digital elevation models (DEMs) that were based on high-resolution airborne laser scanning data (ALS). The data from the excavated and digitised charcoal kiln remains were analysed in terms of their sizes and spatial distributions. In addition, the dendrochronological ages of 16 selected charcoal kiln remains were determined. This study shows that charcoal production was more extensive than initially proven by archaeological excavations. The remains of more than 5000 charcoal kilns were detected on the SRMs across an area that was twice as large as the excavated charcoal-burning field. In the Jänschwalder Heide, considerably more charcoal kiln relicts exist compared with the surrounding communal areas. Furthermore, the charcoal kiln remains in the Jänschwalder Heide have larger diameters, suggesting large-scale charcoal production for supplying energy to the nearby ironworks at Peitz. However, the charcoal production on the communal land was most likely for local crafts. The ages of the charcoal kiln remains indicated that charcoal production occurred between the 17th and 19th centuries, corresponding with the main period of charcoal burning. Overall, our study suggested that charcoal production sites are underestimated in the modern landscapes of the North German Lowlands. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2014.09.041 VL - Vol. 367 SP - 111 EP - 122 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Bonhage, Alexander A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Rösler, Horst A1 - Heußner, Karl-Uwe A1 - Hirsch, Florian T1 - Spatial distribution of relict charcoal hearths in the former royal forest district Tauer (SE Brandenburg, Germany) T2 - Quaternary International N2 - Historical charcoal production has long been an unconsidered type of forest utilization in lowland areas. The archaeological discovery of a large charcoal burning area in the forefield of the active opencast lignite mine J€anschwalde in SE Brandenburg (North German Lowlands) has highlighted the need for multidisciplinary research in the study of the dimensions of historical charcoal burning. The charcoal produced in our study area, the former royal forest district Tauer, provided energy for the nearby Peitz ironworks during its operation from the mid-16th to the mid-19th century. Here, we aimed to record the amount, size and distribution of relict charcoal hearths (RCHs) to examine their context with respect to the ironworks and to better understand the potential impacts on late Quaternary landscape change. The applied methods combined archaeological research with shaded-relief mapping of RCHs. To evaluate the detection success of RCHs in the shaded-relief maps (SRMs), we compared the results with the results from specific archaeological surveys and conventional forest site mapping. Furthermore, we analyzed our dataset with descriptive, comparable and spatial statistics. Additionally, dendrochronological dating of charcoal fragments from selected RCHs was used to investigate the temporal relationships among the RCHs. Approximately 6000 circular RCHs were manually digitally identified in the SRMs of the 109-km2 evaluable area. However, ground truthing showed that the shaded-relief maps could not completely capture all RCHs in our study area due to local conditions. At the regional scale, two focus areas with high RCH site densities were found. Statistical analysis revealed that the diameters of the RCHs range widely from 4 to 30.5 m. Spatial statistics were applied to the RCH diameters to aggregate areas with larger or smaller RCHs. At the small scale, no systematic arrangement of RCHs was obvious in the SRMs. Dendrochronological dating of selected RCHs lying close together could not detect significant spatiotemporal relationships or patterns. The dating results also showed that some areas have been preferentially used for charcoal production for over 300 years. Due to the homogeneity of the physiogeographical location factors, we assume that these factors are not superficially responsible for site selection. Instead, economic location factors and contemporary regulations are more likely responsible for the distribution of RCHs. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2017.07.022 SN - 1040-6182 VL - Vol. 511 SP - 153 EP - 165 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Moghadas, Davood A1 - Jadoon, Khan Zaib A1 - McCabe, Matthew F. T1 - Spatiotemporal monitoring of soil water content profiles in an irrigated field using probabilistic inversion of time-lapse EMI data T2 - Advances in Water Resources N2 - Monitoring spatiotemporal variations of soil water content (θ) is important across a range of research fields, including agricultural engineering, hydrology, meteorology and climatology. Low frequency electromagnetic induction (EMI) systems have proven to be useful tools in mapping soil apparent electrical conductivity (σa) and soil moisture. However, obtaining depth profile water content is an area that has not been fully explored using EMI. To examine this, we performed time-lapse EMI measurements using a CMD mini-Explorer sensor along a 10m transect of a maize field over a 6 day period. Reference data were measured at the end of the profile via an excavated pit using 5TE capacitance sensors. In order to derive a time-lapse, depth-specific subsurface image of electrical conductivity (σ), we applied a probabilistic sampling approach, DREAM(ZS), on the measured EMI data. The inversely estimated σ values were subsequently converted to θ using the Rhoades et al. (1976) petrophysical relationship. The uncertainties in measured σa, as well as inaccuracies in the inverted data, introduced some discrepancies between estimated σ and reference values in time and space. Moreover, the disparity between the measurement footprints of the 5TE and CMD Mini-Explorer sensors also led to differences. The obtained θ permitted an accurate monitoring of the spatiotemporal distribution and variation of soil water content due to root water uptake and evaporation. The proposed EMI measurement and modeling technique also allowed for detecting temporal root zone soil moisture variations. The time-lapse θ monitoring approach developed using DREAM(ZS) thus appears to be a useful technique to understand spatiotemporal patterns of soil water content and provide insights into linked soil moisture vegetation processes and the dynamics of soil moisture/infiltration processes. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advwatres.2017.10.019 SN - 1872-9657 SN - 0309-1708 VL - 110 SP - 238 EP - 248 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Takla, Melanie A1 - Nicolay, Alexander A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - A Template-matching Approach Combining Morphometric Variables for Automated Mapping of Charcoal Kiln Sites T2 - Archaeological Prospection N2 - Analysing the spatial distribution of anthropogenic relief structures can contribute to the understanding of past landuse systems. With automated mapping routines, small relief forms can be detected efficiently from high-resolution digital terrain models (DTMs). In this study, we describe an approach for the automated mapping of charcoal kiln sites from an airborne laser-scanning DTM. The study site is located north of Cottbus, Germany, where an exceptionally large historic charcoal production field has been documented in previous archaeological surveys. The goal of this study was to implement, evaluate and improve an automated GIS-based routine for mapping these features based on the template-matching principle. In addition to the DTM, different morphometric variables were evaluated for their suitability to detect kiln sites. The mapping results were validated against a comprehensive database of kiln sites recorded from archaeological excavations and via manual digitization. The effects of irregular kiln-site geometry and DTM noise were evaluated using synthetic DTMs. The results of the synthetic DTM mapping show that the template-matching results differed depending on the morphometric variable used for the mapping process. In accordance with this observation, a validation of the mapping procedure for the field site suggests that feature mapping can be improved. In particular, the number of false detections can be reduced using a combination of morphometric variables. For the validation area, the kiln sites with diameters of at least 10m were mapped using the automated routine, with detection rates that were close to those of manual digitization. Therefore, the described method can considerably facilitate the mapping and distribution analysis of kiln sites or similar small relief forms that are prominent in a specific landscape. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/arp.1497 SN - 1099-0763 VL - 22 IS - 1 SP - 45 EP - 62 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Wechler, Klaus-Peter A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Reconstruction of a Paleosurface and Archaeological Site Location in an Anthropogenic Drift Sand Area T2 - Archaeological Prospection N2 - Knowledge of the position of archaeological remains in the surface relief provides important basic information for archaeological survey design and interpretation. Geomorphological processes in (pre)history may have resulted in a modification of the local relief around archaeological sites, especially in areas that are prone to sediment erosion and relocation, such as sheet sand and dune landscapes. In this study, we reconstructed and analysed the palaeorelief of an archaeological excavation site in an inland dune area in southern Brandenburg, Germany. The remains of two Mesolithic sites were documented in the archaeological excavations and found to be associated with a buried soil horizon. To gather information on the relief of the buried soil surface, we used a combination of sedimentological and pedological profile descriptions along archaeological survey trenches and geophysical prospection with ground penetrating radar supplemented with microdrone photography and photogrammetry, global positioning system (GPS) surveys, and analysis of LiDAR-based elevation models. A digital elevation model of the buried surface was generated and analysed using a geographical information system (GIS). A comparison of the palaeosurface model with the recent surface elevation model shows that sand remobilization resulted in a considerable reshaping of the relief. Further, an analysis of the buried surface model shows that the relief position of the two archaeological sites in the study area was considerably more prominent in relation to the corresponding buried soil surface than in relation to the recent surface morphology. The results affirm the significance of Holocene sediment relocation for the local surface morphology and the importance of considering such relief modifications in archaeological surveys. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/arp.1571 SN - 1099-0763 VL - 24 IS - 4 SP - 297 EP - 310 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Ouimet, William A1 - Johnson, Katharine M. A1 - Dethier, David A1 - Raab, Alexandra T1 - Architecture of relict charcoal hearths in northwestern Connecticut, USA T2 - Geoarchaeology N2 - Relict charcoal hearths are round or elliptical earthen platforms up to 11 m in diameter and a widespread feature of historical industry that supplied charcoal used in the production of iron in furnaces or smelters. The iron industry dominated Litchfield County, Connecticut, and surrounding areas in the northeastUnited States throughout the 19th century, peaking in ∼1850. The large number of charcoal hearths in this region is a relic of >150 years of widespread iron production. In this study, we describe the architecture and soil stratigraphy of 26 charcoal hearths in Litchfield County. This contribution aims to (1) compare soils that comprise the charcoal hearths with “natural” adjacent soils, (2) measure the thickness of topsoil developed upon the hearths, and (3) characterize the stratigraphy associated with these features. Results indicate that the black topsoils overlying the charcoal hearths contain residual charcoal and are on average 2.6 times thicker than adjacentCambisols. Charcoal hearths display two ormore black, charcoal-rich strata separated by layers of reddish-brown soil low in charcoal content indicating multiple episodes of use.We also find that many charcoal hearths have been stabilized with boulders on the downslope side during construction and repeated use.Overall, the results presented here provide significant information regarding the construction, use, and associated impacts of earthen platforms for charcoal production in the northeastUnited States, with further relevance to other areas where historical charcoal production occurred. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/gea.21614 SN - 1520-6548 VL - 32 IS - 4 SP - 502 EP - 510 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Nicolay, Alexander A1 - Takla, Melanie A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Rösler, Horst A1 - Bauriegel, Albrecht T1 - Opencast mines in South Brandenburg (Germany) - archives of Late Quaternary landscape development and human-induced land use changes T2 - Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences N2 - This study outlines the opportunities for geoarchaeological research in active opencast lignite mines in southern Brandenburg (Germany). Studies on extensive outcrops that address both archaeology and soil geomorphology, combined with a geographical information system (GIS) approach, provide unique insights into human-induced environmental changes in Lower Lusatia and generally improve our understanding of landscape dynamics. We present the most recent results from three case studies and review important findings from the last several years. Studies conducted in opencast mines of Cottbus-Nord and Jänschwalde focus on (i) Late Quaternary geomorphodynamics and soil development and (ii) past land use and the legacy of agriculture and woodland use. Our results are similar to those in other regions in Central Europe, but we also observe regional differences caused by the local setting, e.g. intensification of soil erosion coinciding with the expansion of farming of cultivated lands in the Slavic Middle Ages. Our research reveals the largest archaeologically investigated area of historical charcoal production in the Northern European Lowland (NEL). We are clearly only beginning to understand the massive dimensions of charcoal production in the region. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12520-015-0227-6 SN - 1866-9565 VL - 8 IS - 3 SP - 453 EP - 466 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jadoon, Khan Zaib A1 - McCabe, Matthew F. A1 - Altaf, Muhammad Umer A1 - Hoteit, Ibrahim A1 - Muhammad, Nisar A1 - Moghadas, Davood A1 - Weihermüller, Lutz T1 - Inferring soil salinity in a drip irrigation system from multi-configuration EMI measurements using adaptive Markov chain Monte Carlo T2 - Hydrology and Earth System Sciences N2 - A substantial interpretation of electromagnetic induction (EMI) measurements requires quantifying optimal model parameters and uncertainty of a nonlinear inverse problem. For this purpose, an adaptive Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm is used to assess multi-orientation and multi-offset EMI measurements in an agriculture field with non-saline and saline soil. In MCMC the posterior distribution is computed using Bayes’ rule. The electromagnetic forward model based on the full solution of Maxwell’s equations was used to simulate the apparent electrical conductivity measured with the configurations of EMI instrument, the CMD Mini-Explorer. Uncertainty in the parameters for the three-layered earth model are investigated by using synthetic data. Our results show that in the scenario of non-saline soil, the parameters of layer thickness as compared to layers electrical conductivity are not very informative and are therefore difficult to resolve. Application of the proposed MCMC-based inversion to field measurements in a drip irrigation system demonstrates that the parameters of the model can be well estimated for the saline soil as compared to the non-saline soil, and provides useful insight about parameter uncertainty for the assessment of the model outputs. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-5375-2017 SN - 1607-7938 SN - 1027-5606 VL - 21 IS - 10 SP - 5375 EP - 5383 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Moghadas, Davood A1 - Taghizadeh-Mehrjardi, Ruhollah A1 - Triantafilis, John T1 - Probabilistic inversion of EM38 data for 3D soil mapping in central Iran T2 - Geoderma Regional N2 - Accurate determination of near surface soil electrical properties is important for agricultural and environmental management. In this respect, low frequency electromagnetic induction (EMI) has been widely used to measure soil apparent electrical conductivity. However, the potential to model soil subsurface layering has not been fully realized using EMI data. In this paper, we applied a probabilistic optimization approach, namely DREAM (ZS), on Geonics EM38 data to explore the robustness of this approach for soil subsurface conductivity mapping. The EM38 data was measured from the Ardakan region in the province of Yazd located in central Iran. Several soil sampleswere taken andwere further analyzed in a laboratory to derive soil textural and physical parameters. The probabilistic inversion was performed in a joint multi-configuration framework considering a five layered model. The estimated values are mainly in agreementwith the clay map (as the most influential factor); nevertheless, soil salinity data and inversely estimated conductivity values are poorly correlated for deeper layers due to the aridic condition and high clay content in the study area. DREAM (ZS) optimization approach appears to be promising for accurate retrieval of soil conductivity depth profile from EM38 data. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geodrs.2016.04.006 VL - 7 IS - 2 SP - 230 EP - 238 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maurer, Thomas A1 - Herrmann, Ludger A1 - Stahr, Karl T1 - Wind erosion charcteristics of Sahelian surface types T2 - Earth Surface Processes and Landforms Y1 - 2010 SN - 1096-9837 VL - 35 IS - 12 SP - 1386 EP - 1401 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pohle, Ina A1 - Niebisch, Michael A1 - Müller, Hannes A1 - Schümberg, Sabine A1 - Zha, Tingting A1 - Maurer, Thomas A1 - Hinz, Christoph T1 - Coupling Poisson rectangular pulse and multiplicative microcanonical random cascade models to generate subdaily precipitation time series T2 - Journal of Hydrology N2 - To simulate the impacts of within-storm rainfall variabilities on fast hydrological processes, long precipi-tation time series with high temporal resolution are required. Due to limited availability of observed data such time series are typically obtained from stochastic models. However, most existing rainfall models are limited in their ability to conserve rainfall event statistics which are relevant for hydrological pro-cesses. Poisson rectangular pulse models are widely applied to generate long time series of alternating precipitation events durations and mean intensities as well as interstorm period durations. Multiplicative microcanonical random cascade (MRC) models are used to disaggregate precipitation time series from coarse to fine temporal resolution. To overcome the inconsistencies between the temporal structure of the Poisson rectangular pulse model and the MRC model, we developed a new coupling approach by introducing two modifications to the MRC model. These modifications comprise (a) a modified cascade model (“constrained cascade”) which preserves the event durations generated by the Poisson rectangular model by constraining the first and last interval of a precipitation event to contain precipitation and (b) continuous sigmoid func-tions of the multiplicative weights to consider the scale-dependency in the disaggregation of precipita-tion events of different durations. The constrained cascade model was evaluated in its ability to dis-aggregate observed precipitation events in comparison to existing MRC models. For that, we used a 20-year record of hourly precipitation at six stations across Germany. The constrained cascade model showed a pronounced better agreement with the observed data in terms of both the temporal pattern of the precipitation time series (e.g. the dry and wet spell durations and autocorrelations) and event char-acteristics (e.g. intra-event intermittency and intensity fluctuation within events). The constrained cas-cade model also slightly outperformed the other MRC models with respect to the intensity-frequency relationship. To assess the performance of the coupled Poisson rectangular pulse and constrained cascade model, precipitation events were stochastically generated by the Poisson rectangular pulse model and then disaggregated by the constrained cascade model. We found that the coupled model performs satisfac-torily in terms of the temporal pattern of the precipitation time series, event characteristics and the in-tensity-frequency relationship. KW - Rainfall generator KW - Disaggregation KW - Precipitation event KW - Autocorrelation KW - Within-event variability KW - Intra-event intermittency Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.04.063 SN - 0022-1694 VL - 562 SP - 50 EP - 70 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Moghadas, Davood A1 - Behroozmand, Ahmad A. A1 - Christiansen, Anders Vest T1 - Soil electrical conductivity imaging using a neural network-based forward solver: Applied to large-scale Bayesian electromagnetic inversion T2 - Journal of Applied Geophysics N2 - In recent years, probabilistic solution to the inversion of electromagnetic induction (EMI) data has been progressively developed for non-invasive subsurface characterization. However, Bayesian inversion of EMI data using forward solvers based on full solution ofMaxwell's equation is associated with computationally expensive modelings, particularly for large-scale surveys. Here, we incorporated artificial neural network (ANN) with Bayesian inference to obtain subsurface electromagnetic conductivity image (EMCI) fromEMI data down to 10mdepth. In this respect, a complex EMI forward model was replaced by a trained neural network (ANN proxy forward function) that can be evaluated comparably rapidly. The accuracy of the ANN-based forward solver was examined using different synthetic subsurface models. The proposed methodology was applied on EMI data measured with a DUALEM-421 s sensor from 10 ha study site in the Alken Enge area of Denmark. We compared the inversely estimated EMCI with the counterpart obtained from a quasi-three-dimensional (quasi-3D) spatiallyconstrained deterministic algorithm as a standard code. The network training procedure was performed within fewminutes, and once itwas trained, the ANN-based forward solver returned roughly 150,000 model responses per second. This value for the EMI forward solverwas around 400, demonstrating the computational efficiency of the ANN proxy forward function. The theoretical simulations demonstrated that the ANN-based forward solver accurately mimics the EMI response within the training range. Moreover, the proposed inversion strategy successfully delineated the subsurface EMCI from Alken Enge area. This approach thus facilitates rapid and accurate subsurface conductivity imaging using Bayesian inversion of multi-configuration EMI data, which is particularly pertinent for large-scale measurements. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2020.104012 SN - 0926-9851 VL - 176 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Moghadas, Davood T1 - One-dimensional deep learning inversion of electromagnetic induction data using convolutional neural network T2 - Geophysical Journal International N2 - Conventional geophysical inversion techniques suffer from several limitations including computational cost, nonlinearity, non-uniqueness and dimensionality of the inverse problem. Successful inversion of geophysical data has been a major challenge for decades. Here, a novel approach based on deep learning (DL) inversion via convolutional neural network (CNN) is proposed to instantaneously estimate subsurface electrical conductivity (σ) layering from electromagnetic induction (EMI) data. In this respect, a fully convolutional network was trained on a large synthetic data set generated based on 1-D EMI forward model. The accuracy of the proposed approach was examined using several synthetic scenarios. Moreover, the trained network was used to find subsurface electromagnetic conductivity images (EMCIs) from EMI data measured along two transects from Chicken Creek catchment (Brandenburg, Germany). Dipole–dipole electrical resistivity tomography data were measured as well to obtain reference subsurface σ distributions down to a 6 m depth. The inversely estimated models were juxtaposed and compared with their counterparts obtained from a spatially constrained deterministic algorithm as a standard code. Theoretical simulations demonstrated a well performance of the algorithm even in the presence of noise in data. Moreover, application of the DL inversion for subsurface imaging from Chicken Creek catchment manifested the accuracy and robustness of the proposed approach for EMI inversion. This approach returns subsurface σ distribution directly from EMI data in a single step without any iterations. The proposed strategy simplifies considerably EMI inversion and allows for rapid and accurate estimation of subsurface EMCI from multiconfiguration EMI data. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggaa161 SN - 1365-246X VL - 222 IS - 1 SP - 247 EP - 259 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Moghadas, Davood A1 - Vrugt, Jasper A. T1 - The influence of geostatistical prior modeling on the solution of DCT-based Bayesian inversion: A case study from Chicken Creek catchment T2 - Remote Sensing N2 - Low frequency loop-loop electromagnetic induction (EMI) is a widely-used geophysical measurement method to rapidly measure in situ the apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) of variably-saturated soils. Here, we couple Bayesian inversion of a quasi-two-dimensional electromagnetic (EM) model with image compression via the discrete cosine transform (DCT) for subsurface electrical conductivity (EC) imaging. The subsurface EC distributions are obtained from multi-configuration EMI data measured with a CMD-Explorer sensor along two transects in the Chicken Creek catchment (Brandenburg, Germany). Dipole-dipole electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) data are used to benchmark the inferred EC fields of both transects. We are especially concerned with the impact of the DCT truncation method on the accuracy and reliability of the inversely-estimated EC images. We contrast the results of two different truncation approaches for model parametrization. The first scenario considers an arbitrary selection of the dominant DCT coefficients and their prior distributions (a commonly-used approach), while the second methodology benefits from geostatistical simulation of the EMI data pseudosection. This study demonstrates that DCT truncation based on geostatistical simulations facilitates a robust selection of the dominant DCT coefficients and their prior ranges, resulting in more accurate subsurface EC imaging from multi-configuration EMI data. Results based on geostatistical prior modeling present an excellent agreement between the EMI- and ERT-derived EC fields of the Chicken Creek catchment. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11131549 SN - 2072-4292 VL - 11 IS - 13 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Moghadas, Davood A1 - Jadoon, Khan Zaib A1 - McCabe, Matthew F. T1 - Spatiotemporal monitoring of soil moisture from EMI data using DCT-based Bayesian inference and neural network T2 - Journal of Applied Geophysics N2 - Loop-loop electromagnetic induction (EMI) has proven to be efficient for fast and real-time soil apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) measurements. It is important to develop robust and accurate inversion strategies to obtain soil electromagnetic conductivity image (EMCI) from ECa data. Moreover, obtaining an accurate nonlinear relationship between subsurface electrical conductivity (σ) and water content (θ) plays a key role for soil moisture monitoring using EMI. Here, we incorporated probabilistic inversion of multi-configuration ECa data with dimensionality reduction technique through the discrete cosine transform (DCT) using training image (TI)-based parametrization to retrieve soil EMCI. The ECa data were measured repeatedly along a 10 m transect using a CMD mini-Explorer sensor. Time-lapse reference data were collected as well to benchmark the inversion results and to find the in-situ relationship between σ and θ. To convert the inversely estimated timelapse EMCI to the soil moisture,we examined two approaches, namely, Rhoades et al. (1976) model and artificial neural network (ANN). The proposed inversion strategy estimated the soil EMCI with an excellent agreement with the reference counterpart. Moreover, the ANN approach demonstrated superiorities than the commonly used petrophysical model of Rhoades et al. (1976) to obtain spatiotemporal images of θ from time-lapse EMCI. The results demonstrated that incorporation of the DCT-based probabilistic inversion of ECa data with the ANN approach offers a great promise for accurate characterization of the temporal wetting front and root zone soil moisture. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2019.07.004 SN - 0926-9851 VL - 169 SP - 226 EP - 238 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Moghadas, Davood T1 - Probabilistic Inversion of Multiconfiguration Electromagnetic Induction Data Using Dimensionality Reduction Technique: A Numerical Study T2 - Vadose Zone Journal N2 - Low-frequency loop–loop electromagnetic induction (EMI) offers several key advantages over many other geophysical techniques for proximal soil sensing. Yet, because of problems with the inversion of measured apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) data, application of EMI for geophysical imaging and interpretation is limited. In this study, a Bayesian inference was used to obtain electromagnetic conductivity images (EMCIs) from multiconfiguration ECa data. This approach allows analysis of highly nonlinear problems and renders an ensemble of models obtained from the posterior distribution that can be used to explore parameter uncertainty. In this respect, generalized formal likelihood function was used to more accurately describe the sensitivity of the posterior distribution to residual assumptions. Discrete cosine transform (DCT) was employed as a model compression technique to reduce the number of unknown parameters in the inversion. The DCT parameterization was performed using training image (TI)-based geostatistical simulations considering the ECa data pseudosection as a TI. The potential of the proposed approach was examined through different theoretical scenarios. The estimated subsurface EMCI shows excellent agreement with the original synthetic models subject to the appropriate choice of prior information. Moreover, DCT parameterization reduces the number of unknown parameters, increasing accuracy of the inversion with the Bayesian procedure. The proposed approach ensures accurate and high-resolution characterization of subsurface conductivity layering from measured ECa values. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2018.09.0183 VL - 18 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Moghadas, Davood A1 - Badorreck, Annika T1 - Machine learning to estimate soil moisture from geophysical measurements of electrical conductivity T2 - Near Surface Geophysics N2 - Soil water content (θ) is a key variable in different earth science disciplines since it mediates the water and energy exchange between the surface and atmosphere. Electrical and electromagnetic geophysical techniques have been widely used to estimate soil electrical conductivity (σ) and soil moisture. However, obtaining the σ − θ relationship is not straightforward due to the non-linearity and also dependency on many different soil and environmental properties. The purpose of this paper is to determine if artificial neural network is an appropriate machine learning technique for relating electrical conductivity to soil water content. In this respect, time-lapse electrical resistivity tomography measurements were carried out along a transect in the Chicken Creek catchment (Brandenburg, Germany). To ensure proper retrieval of the σ and θ, reference values were measured near the beginning of the transect via an excavated pit using 5TE capacitance sensors installed at different depths. We explored robustness and pertinence of the artificial neural network approach in comparison with Rhoades model (as a commonly used petrophysical relationship) to convert the inversely estimated σ from electrical resistivity tomography to the θ. The proposed approach was successfully validated and benchmarked by comparing the estimated values with the reference data. This study showed the superiority of the artificial neural network approach to the Rhoades model to obtain σ − θ relationship. In particular, artificial neural network allowed for more accurate estimation of the temporal wetting front than the petrophysical model. The proposed methodology thus offers a great promise for deriving spatiotemporal soil moisture patterns from geophysical data and obtaining the in situ σ − θ relationship, taking into account the non-linear variations of the soil moisture. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/nsg.12036 SN - 1569-4445 VL - 17 IS - 2 SP - 181 EP - 195 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bingemer, Jana A1 - Pfeiffer, Martin A1 - Hohberg, Karin T1 - First 12 years of tardigrade succession in the young soils of a quickly evolving ecosystem T2 - Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society N2 - Open-cast coal-mining creates a severe disturbance of ecological systems, resulting in post-mining areas that have lost their soils entirely and are exposed to extreme conditions. Nonetheless, these areas allow us to investigate the process of primary succession. We studied the first 12 years of soil tardigrade succession at ‘Chicken Creek’, an experimental site within the open-cast coal-mining area in Welzow Süd, Germany. A total of ten tardigrade genera and 13 species or species groups were identified at the site. Over time, the organic carbon content, proportion of silt and nutrient availability in the soil increased, and the soil particle size distribution and pH value changed significantly. The vegetation cover and nematode abundance increased, whereas tardigrade densities peaked in 2008 and decreased thereafter, as did their mean body size. Species replacement was obvious within this 12 year study period, and tardigrade species diversity increased, indicating that ecological niche diversity also increased throughout this time. Vegetation cover, soil particle size distribution and time were the most important factors influencing the tardigrade community. We also discuss further potential factors and the ability of terrestrial tardigrades to persist despite many environmental constraints, such as fluctuations in pH and moisture, and to colonize new habitats faster than most other animal groups. KW - ecosystem development KW - post-mining area KW - primary succession KW - morphometry Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlz165 SN - 1096-3642 SN - 0024-4082 N1 - related to research platform "Hühnerwasser" VL - 188 IS - 3 SP - 887 EP - 899 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nasuti, Yasin A1 - Nasuti, Aziz A1 - Moghadas, Davood T1 - STDR: A Novel Approach for Enhancing and Edge Detection of Potential Field Data T2 - Pure and Applied Geophysics N2 - Edge detection is one of the most important steps in the map interpretation of potential field data. In such a dataset, it is difficult to distinguish adjacent anomalous sources due to their field superposition. In particular, the presence of overlain shallow and deep magnetic/gravity sources leads to strong and weak anomalies. In this paper, we present an improved filter, STDR, which utilises the ratio of the second-order vertical derivative to the second-order total horizontal derivative at the tilt angle equation. The maximum and minimum values of this filter delineate the positive and negative anomalies, respectively. This novel filtering approach normalises the intensity of strong and weak anomalies, as well as anomalies with different depths and properties. Moreover, to better illustrate the edges, its total horizontal derivative (THD_STDR) is also used. For positive and negative anomalies, the maximum value of the THD_STDR filter shows the edges of the anomalies. The potentiality of the proposed method is examined through both synthetic and real case scenarios and the results are compared with a number of existing edge detector filters, namely TDR, THD_TDR, Theta and TDX. Due to substantial improvements in the filtering, STDR and its total horizontal derivative allow for more accurate estimation of anomaly edges in comparison with the other filtering techniques. As a consequence, the interpretation of the potential field data is more feasible using the STDR filtering method. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-018-2016-5 SN - 0033-4553 SN - 1420-9136 IS - 24 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Badorreck, Annika T1 - 15 years ecohydrological long-term monitoring of the artificial catchment Chicken Creek – A brief summary T2 - CATENA N2 - Ecosystems exhibit a highly complex nature and have been dynamically changing by linked abiotic and biotic factors such as climate, vegetation and soil fauna. Owning to the actions and feedbacks of these factors, ecosystems show an inherent degree of locally heterogeneous properties and structures at multiple spatial and time scales. Here, the artificial catchment “Chicken Creek” represents a unique and outstanding site to study an ecosystem at the initial stage of development. The hydrologic catchment is located about 20 km south of the city Cottbus (Germany). The approximately 6-ha catchment area was built in 2005 of coarse-textured quaternary sediments from the adjacent brown coal mine and forms a back- and foot-slope that flattens out to a pond. A clay liner of 2–3 m thickness seals the catchment at the bottom, which allows the formation of a local water body fed only by precipitation. After construction the site was left to an unrestricted and unmanaged succession. To track the several ecosystem processes and newly emerging structures the Chicken Creek catchment is equipped with a comprehensive ecological monitoring network. A network of more than 40 wells and two weirs recording the groundwater levels, flows of water and elements. Three weather stations observing meteorological parameters. Annual aerial pictures and vegetation monitoring revealing the floral colonisation of the area. This contribution describes the diverse and extensive working program as well as presents highlights of 15 years ecological monitoring in the catchment area. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2024.108663 SN - 0341-8162 VL - 249 IS - Februar 2025 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Hinz, Christoph A1 - Letmathe, Peter A1 - Leuchner, Michael A1 - Roß-Nickoll, Martina A1 - Rüde, Thomas A1 - Trachte, Katja A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Lehmkuhl, Frank T1 - Perspectives of lignite post‑mining landscapes under changing environmental conditions: what can we learn from a comparison between the Rhenish and Lusatian region in Germany? T2 - Environmental Sciences Europe N2 - Background The decision of the German federal government to cease lignite mining until 2038 or—if possible— already earlier until 2030, will cause manifold transition processes in the remaining lignite mining districts of Germany. The two largest districts are located in geographically opposite regions: The Rhineland in the western part and Lusatia in the east of Germany. As particularly these two mining districts will experience severe changes in their socioeconomic as well environmental conditions, the federal government has adopted comprehensive economic support measures. However, the environmental changes will also cause altered ecosystem functions and services to be provided by the future post-mining landscapes. Results In this paper, the two main lignite-producing regions of Germany are compared with regard to their natural and cultural settings. The economic situation and its history are reflected and differences are outlined. Part of the disparities in the cultural development can be explained by very different natural conditions, especially edaphic factors and climatic situation. Because of dissimilar geological settings, different mining technologies were developed and are in use in the two regions with distinct effects on the resulting post-mining landscapes. Conclusion The long-standing and manifold lignite mining activities have radically restructured the landscapes in Lusatia and the Rhineland. With the ongoing decline of the mining industry and its complete cessation, presumably within the next decade, both regions will alter their faces significantly. These changes offer both challenges but also opportunities with respect to the post-mining landscapes and their ecosystem services they are going to provide. The prerequisites for a positive socioeconomic development and for sustainable land-use concepts that also consider ecological aspects are different for both regions. However, or especially because of these differences, the knowledge exchange and experience transfer between both mining regions are pivotal for the success of this extensive transformation process. KW - Lignite mining KW - Ecosystem services KW - Post-mining landscapes KW - Transformation processes Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12302-023-00738-z SN - 2190-4715 VL - 35 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jouy, Florent A1 - Schüle, Maren A1 - Adhikari, Yojana A1 - Binder, Anja A1 - Clerc, Danica A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Heinken, Thilo A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Repmann, Frank A1 - Rönnefarth, Susanne A1 - Schirrmacher, Marina A1 - Schmehl, Marie-Therese A1 - Schröder, Jens A1 - Ibisch, Pierre L. T1 - Factors impacting the variability of post-fire forest regeneration in central European pine plantations T2 - Restoration Ecology N2 - Fire is increasingly posing a risk to forests and plantations, even in the temperate latitudes of central Europe. Little is known about fire ecology in this region, and therefore, appropriate approaches for the management and reforestation of burned sites are mostly lacking. In a Scots pine plantation region in Brandenburg (northeast Germany), the early tree regeneration of two nearby areas that burned 1 year apart was investigated. We observed that 3 years after the fire events, the forest in one study area showed a relatively high regeneration with a mean density of 7765 saplings/ha, clearly dominated by European aspen (93%); whereas the other study area showed a lower mean density of 5061 saplings/ha, dominated by Scots pine (71%) and aspen (15%). Three years after the fires, the difference in aspen density was 11-fold between the two areas. We studied the effects of several variables about soil and environmental properties on the aspen establishment in these two study areas in the second and third years after the fire events. We found that the post-fire aspen regeneration was influenced by several factors, including soil texture, soil disturbance from forest management, volume of deadwood, and browsing. We also discussed that weather conditions during seed production and germination might have played a role in the difference in aspen establishment between the two study areas. We concluded that the post-fire forest regeneration potential in the study region is highly variable and could come under critical pressure as climate change progresses. Y1 - 2025 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/rec.70017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.70017 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Hinz, Christoph A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Lehmkuhl, Frank T1 - Editorial for the Special Issue “Anthropogenic Geomorphology – Geomorphology in the Anthropocene” T2 - Geomorphology Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2022.108528 SN - 0169-555X VL - 422 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dubey, Pawan Kumar A1 - Raju, Ashraful Islam A1 - Lukose, Rasuole A1 - Wenger, Christian A1 - Lukosius, Mindaugas T1 - Optimizing graphene ring modulators : a comparative study of straight, bent, and racetrack geometries T2 - Nanomaterials N2 - Graphene-based micro-ring modulators are promising candidates for next-generation optical interconnects, offering compact footprints, broadband operation, and CMOS compatibility. However, most demonstrations to date have relied on conventional straight bus coupling geometries, which limit design flexibility and require extremely small coupling gaps to reach critical coupling. This work presents a comprehensive comparative analysis of straight, bent, and racetrack bus geometries in graphene-on-silicon nitride (Si₃N₄) micro-ring modulators operating near 1.31 µm. Based on finite-difference time-domain simulation results, a proposed racetrack-based modulator structure demonstrates that extending the coupling region enables critical coupling at larger gaps—up to 300 nm—while preserving high modulation efficiency. With only 6–12% graphene coverage, this geometry achieves extinction ratios of up to 28 dB and supports electrical bandwidths approaching 90 GHz. Findings from this work highlight a new co-design framework for coupling geometry and graphene coverage, offering a pathway to high-speed and high-modulation-depth graphene photonic modulators suitable for scalable integration in next-generation photonic interconnects devices. KW - Graphene Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15151158 SN - 2079-4991 VL - 15 IS - 15 SP - 1 EP - 17 PB - MDPI AG CY - Basel ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hajighasemi, Saeide A1 - Breuß, Michael T1 - Fuzzy Frankot–Chellappa algorithm for surface normal integration T2 - Algorithms N2 - In this paper, we propose a fuzzy formulation of the classic Frankot–Chellappa algorithm by which surfaces can be reconstructed using normal vectors. In the fuzzy formulation, the surface normal vectors may be uncertain or ambiguous, yielding a fuzzy Poisson partial differential equation that requires appropriate definitions of fuzzy derivatives. The solution of the resulting fuzzy model is approached by adopting a fuzzy variant of the discrete sine transform, which results in a fast and robust algorithm for surface reconstruction. An adaptive defuzzification strategy is also introduced to improve noise handling in highly uncertain regions. In experiments, we demonstrate that our fuzzy Frankot–Chellappa algorithm achieves accuracy on par with the classic approach for smooth surfaces and offers improved robustness in the presence of noisy normal data. We also show that it can naturally handle missing data (such as gaps) in the normal field by filling them using neighboring information. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/a18080488 SN - 1999-4893 VL - 18 IS - 8 SP - 1 EP - 19 PB - MDPI AG CY - Basel ER - TY - GEN A1 - Barzantny, Marcel A1 - Hamede, Mohammed Hussein A1 - Majchrzyk, Michał A1 - Merbold, Sebastian A1 - Egbers, Christoph A1 - Kostowski, Wojciech T1 - Experimental investigation of the flow characteristics driving the Ranque–Hilsch phenomenon T2 - International journal of heat and mass transfer N2 - The Ranque–Hilsch vortex tube (RHVT) is a device that separates a pressurized inlet stream into two decompressed streams of different temperature, flowing to the so-called hot and cold outlets. In this study, the flow structures within the vortex tube were examined qualitatively. The examination considered both compressible and incompressible fluids, using pressurized air and water as working fluids. A parametric study was conducted, in which the fluid inlet pressure and the vortex tube length were varied. Three tubes, with the same diameter but differing lengths (100, 180, and 240 mm) were utilized. The flow inside the tube was investigated using a flow visualization technique, which was employed in a variety of configurations and setups contingent on the specific fluid conditions under examination. The visualization process required the use of aerosol injection in the case of air, and kalliroscope particles in the case of water investigation. The research enabled the visualization of the flow structure within the vortex tube, thereby significantly advancing the comprehension of the underlying physical processes. The findings of the experimental research demonstrated the existence of phenomena of considerable scientific value. The internal vortex and its spatial and temporal structure observed in the RHVT were consistent with literature data. This was achieved despite the so-far established consensus that this type of research is challenging and not entirely reliable. In the course of water-based investigation, the cavitation phenomenon was observed in the vicinity of the internal vortex. This discovery is likely to be the first of its kind and may contribute significantly to the advancement of research on the Ranque–Hilsch phenomenon. KW - Ranque–Hilsch phenomenon KW - Vortex tube KW - Flow visualization KW - Cavitation Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2025.127543 SN - 0017-9310 VL - 253 SP - 1 EP - 14 PB - Elsevier BV CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pan, Chen-Chia A1 - De Santis, Karina Karolina A1 - Muellmann, Saskia A1 - Hoffmann, Stephanie A1 - Spallek, Jacob A1 - Pedros Barnils, Nuria A1 - Ahrens, Wolfgang A1 - Zeeb, Hajo A1 - Schütz, Benjamin T1 - Sociodemographics and digital health literacy in using wearables for health promotion and disease prevention : cross-sectional nationwide survey in Germany T2 - Journal of prevention N2 - Background Wearable technologies have the potential to support health promotion and disease prevention. However, it remains unclear how the role of social determinants of health (SDoH) and digital determinants of health (DDoH) plays in this context. Objective This study investigates differences in sociodemographic factors and digital health literacy between wearable users and non-users, whether the association with wearable use varies across age groups and its potential mediator. Methods A cross-sectional nationwide telephone survey was conducted in November 2022 in a panel of adult internet users in Germany. Assessments included self-reported wearable use, sociodemographic factors (sex, age, education, household size and income, and residence region), and digital health literacy (measured with the eHealth Literacy Scale, eHEALS). Associations between wearable use, sociodemographic factors and digital health literacy were analyzed using binomial logistic regression models in the total sample and with age group stratification, with a supplementary mediation analysis examining digital health literacy as a mediator in the relationship between age and wearable use. Results Overall, 24% (223/932) of participants (52% male, mean age 55.6 years) reported using wearables for health. Wearable use was lower among participants aged 65 and above, with lower educational attainment, living in 1–2 person households, with below-average household income, and residing in smaller cities or former East Germany. Wearable use prevalence is substantially lower in older age groups (18–40: 36%; 41–64: 26%; 65+:14%). Wearable users reported higher levels of digital health literacy (mean: 30.7, SD = 5) than non-users (mean: 28.3, SD = 6). Stratified analyses indicate that the association between digital health literacy and wearable use varies by age group, with significant positive association observed in older age groups (OR = 1.00, 95% CI: 0.94 to 1.07 in age group 18–40; OR = 1.07, 95% CI: 1.03 to 1.12 in age group 41–64; OR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.04 to 1.19 in age group 65+). Mediation analysis indicated that digital health literacy partially mediates the relationship between age and wearable use (indirect effect: coefficient = -0.0156, 95% CI: -0.0244 to -0.00791, p <.001). Conclusions This study indicates sociodemographic disparities in wearable use among the German population and differences in digital health literacy between wearable users and non-users. A generational divide in wearable use was identified, with older adults being less likely to embrace this technology. This was especially true for older adults with lower digital health literacy. Future public health initiatives employing health technologies should take SDoH and DDoH into consideration to ensure effective and equitable impacts. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10935-024-00821-y SN - 2731-5533 SN - 2731-5541 VL - 46 IS - 3 SP - 371 EP - 391 PB - Springer US CY - New York ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gonsiorczyk, Thomas A1 - Hupfer, Michael A1 - Hilt, Sabine A1 - Gessner, Mark O. T1 - Rapid eutrophication of a clearwater lake : trends and potential causes inferred from phosphorus mass balance analyses T2 - Global change biology N2 - Many clearwater lakes increasingly show symptoms of eutrophication, but the underlying causes are largely unknown. We combined long‐term water chemistry data, multi‐year sediment trap measurements, sediment analyses and simple mass balance models to elucidate potential causes of eutrophication of a deep temperate clearwater lake, where total phosphorus (TP) concentrations quadrupled within a decade, accompanied by expanding hypolimnetic anoxia. Discrepancies between modeled and empirically determined P inputs suggest that the observed sharp rise in TP was driven by internal processes. The magnitude of seasonal variation in TP greatly increased at the same time, both in surface and deep water, partly decoupled from deep water oxygen conditions. A positive correlation between annual P loss from the upper water column and hypolimnetic P accumulation could hint at a short‐circuited P cycle involving lateral TP transport from shallow‐water zones and deposition and release from sediments in deep water. This hypothesis is also supported by P budgets for the upper 20 m during stable summer stratification, suggesting that sediments in shallow lake areas acted as a P net source until 2018. These changes are potentially related to shifts in submerged macrophytes from wintergreen charophyte meadows ( Nitellopsis obtusa ) to annual free‐floating hornwort ( Ceratophyllum demersum ) and to increased sulfide formation, promoting iron fixation in the sediments. Iron bound to sulfur is unavailable for binding P, resulting in a positive feedback between P release in shallow lake areas, primary productivity, macrophyte community structure and redox‐dependent sediment biogeochemistry. Overall, our results suggest that relationships more complex than the commonly invoked increase in internal P release under increasingly anoxic conditions can drive rapid lake eutrophication. Since the proportion of littoral areas is typically large even in deep stratified lakes, littoral processes may contribute more frequently to the rapid lake eutrophication trends observed around the world than is currently recognized. KW - Anoxia KW - Clearwater lakes KW - Eutrophication KW - Internal P loading KW - Macrophytes KW - Phosphorus KW - Sedimentation KW - Sediments Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.17575 SN - 1354-1013 SN - 1365-2486 VL - 30 IS - 11 SP - 1 EP - 15 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken ER - TY - GEN A1 - Adebayo, Iyabo Toyin A1 - Ajibola, Segun A1 - Ahmad, Ali A1 - Cartujo, Pedro A1 - Muritala, Ibrahim A1 - Elegbede, Isa O. A1 - Cabral, Pedro A1 - Martos, Vanessa T1 - Understanding the application of digital technologies in aquaculture supply chains through a systematic literature review T2 - Aquaculture international N2 - The study conducts a systematic literature review of the application of digital technologies in aquaculture supply chains (ASC) to identify key research clusters, examine collaborative efforts in the field, and highlight emerging knowledge themes. The methodology comprises a database search in Scopus and Web of Science over a 5-year period (2019–2023) following the PRISMA framework. Bibliometric analysis using Biblioshiny reveals that “Climate Change,” “Aquaculture”, “Sustainability”, and “Food Security” were dominant keywords in this field. Notably, the Sustainability cluster exhibits the highest Callon Centrality (2.819) and Callon Density (63.378), underscoring significant research focus on integrating digital technologies to enhance sustainability in ASC. Hungary emerges as the country with the strongest international research collaboration. However, we identified weak collaboration between African nations and the global research community. Five primary research themes were identified; these include the role of digital technologies in ASC optimization, the disruption of fisheries supply chains due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the mitigating role of digital innovations, the contribution of digital technologies to reducing food waste and advancing the circular economy, the impact of climate change on fishes, and the challenges and opportunities in applying digital solutions within ASC. Despite persistent challenges—such as limited transmission bandwidth, network delays, and issues with low-power, long-range communication—significant opportunities exist to overcome these barriers through technological advances and stronger global research collaboration. Such progress is vital to transforming ASC into a more sustainable and competitive system. The study provides actionable insights for stakeholders while laying a foundation for future research and governance in this evolving field. KW - Aquaculture KW - Artificial intelligence KW - Digital technologies KW - Climate change KW - Fisheries KW - Supply chains KW - Sustainability Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-025-02069-7 SN - 0967-6120 SN - 1573-143X VL - 33 IS - 6 SP - 1 EP - 37 PB - Springer International Publishing CY - Cham ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hartung, Niklas A1 - Khatova, Aleksandra T1 - Information-theoretic evaluation of covariate distributions models T2 - Journal of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics N2 - Statistical modelling of covariate distributions allows to generate virtual populations or to impute missing values in a covariate dataset. Covariate distributions typically have non-Gaussian margins and show nonlinear correlation structures, which simple descriptions like multivariate Gaussian distributions fail to represent. Prominent non-Gaussian frameworks for covariate distribution modelling are copula-based models and models based on multiple imputation by chained equations (MICE). While both frameworks have already found applications in the life sciences, a systematic investigation of their goodness-of-fit to the theoretical underlying distribution, indicating strengths and weaknesses under different conditions, is still lacking. To bridge this gap, we thoroughly evaluated covariate distribution models in terms of Kullback–Leibler (KL) divergence, a scale-invariant information-theoretic goodness-of-fit criterion for distributions. Methodologically, we proposed a new approach to construct confidence intervals for KL divergence by combining nearest neighbour-based KL divergence estimators with subsampling-based uncertainty quantification. In relevant data sets of different sizes and dimensionalities with both continuous and discrete covariates, non-Gaussian models showed consistent improvements in KL divergence, compared to simpler Gaussian or scale transform approximations. KL divergence estimates were also robust to the inclusion of latent variables and large fractions of missing values. While good generalization behaviour to new data could be seen in copula-based models, MICE shows a trend for overfitting and its performance should always be evaluated on separate test data. Parametric copula models and MICE were found to scale much better with the dimension of the dataset than nonparametric copula models. These findings corroborate the potential of non-Gaussian models for modelling realistic life science covariate distributions. KW - Copula KW - Kullback–Leibler divergence KW - Multivariate imputation by chained equations KW - Model evaluation Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10928-025-09968-5 SN - 1567-567X SN - 1573-8744 VL - 52 IS - 2 SP - 1 EP - 13 PB - Springer US CY - New York ER - TY - GEN A1 - van Kuppevelt, Harm A1 - Reitzel, Kasper A1 - Hupfer, Michael T1 - Vivianite as a phosphorus source in lake sediments : importance of increased sulphate reduction on phosphorus mobilisation T2 - Journal of soils and sediments N2 - Purpose Eutrophication of freshwater systems is primarily driven by excessive nutrient inputs, particularly phosphorus (P). While external nutrient control has been emphasized, the prediction and management of internal P loading from sedimentary sources remain complex. This study examines the role of vivianite (Fe(II)3(PO4)2·8H2O), a P-bearing mineral in anoxic sediments, in contributing to internal P release under sulfidic conditions. Materials and methods A mesocosm experiment was conducted using sediment cores from Lake Arendsee, Germany. The cores were exposed to elevated sulfate concentrations to induce sulfate reduction, simulating anoxic and sulfidic conditions. Both water column chemistry and sediment solid-phase analyses were performed. Phosphorus release from vivianite-rich sediments was monitored, along with changes in iron (Fe) mineral phases using sequential extraction and X-ray diffraction. Results and discussion Increased sulfate reduction rates significantly mobilized P from vivianite-rich sediments, leading to elevated soluble reactive P levels in the water column. A marked decrease in vivianite content and an increase in sulfide-bound Fe species were observed in the sediments. These findings demonstrate that vivianite in Fe-rich sediments serves as an important internal P source under sulfidic conditions, exacerbating P release. Conclusions This study highlights the role of sulfur cycling in internal P loading and suggests that increased sulfate inputs may enhance eutrophication by mobilizing P from buried vivianite. Effective management of eutrophication should consider both external inputs and internal P sources like vivianite. KW - Vivianite KW - Lake restoration KW - Phosphorus cycling KW - Internal loading KW - Sulphur cycling Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-025-03986-z SN - 1439-0108 SN - 1614-7480 VL - 25 IS - 4 SP - 1406 EP - 1421 PB - Springer Berlin Heidelberg CY - Berlin ; Heidelberg ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schröder, Lucas A1 - Schmieder, Peter A1 - Hupfer, Michael T1 - Biogenic polyphosphate as relevant regulator of seasonal phosphate storage in surface sediments of stratified eutrophic lakes T2 - Biogeochemistry N2 - Polyphosphate is formed by polyphosphate-accumulating organisms occurring in various terrestrial, freshwater, and marine ecosystems as well as industrial environments. Although polyphosphate-accumulating organisms and polyphosphate have been well studied in enhanced biological phosphorus (P) removal from wastewater treatment plants, their role in the internal P cycle of natural lakes remains unclear. Several studies have shown that polyphosphate storage is widespread in lake sediments. In this study, 31 P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to analyse the seasonal dynamics of polyphosphate and its drivers at the sediment surface of three stratified German lakes with strong seasonality of hypolimnetic oxygen concentrations. Similar seasonal patterns of polyphosphate were observed in all three lakes. Polyphosphate content increased by a factor of three to five at the beginning of summer stratification, with the maximum content observed in May when oxygen was already very low. During this period, strong redox gradients prevailed within the topmost sediment layer, and highly soluble reactive P concentrations were present in the pore water due to the reductive release of P bound to iron(III)oxides and oxide-hydroxides. Polyphosphate acted as a temporary P storage and was released after a delay, which may mitigate sedimentary P release into the water body during the (early) summer stratification. The observed seasonal dynamics of polyphosphate at the sediment surface offer a novel insight into the link between the P and iron cycles in lakes. KW - Polyphosphate KW - Lake sediment KW - Phosphorus cycle KW - P NMR KW - Nuclear magnetic resonance Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-025-01230-x SN - 1573-515X VL - 168 IS - 2 SP - 1 EP - 16 PB - Springer International Publishing CY - Cham ER - TY - GEN A1 - Asli, Majid A1 - Mhgoub, Mosaab A1 - Höschler, Klaus T1 - Numerical investigation of a turbine working with a highly unsteady exhaust flow of a hydrogen-driven rotating detonation combustion T2 - International journal of thermofluids N2 - Traditionally, turbomachines are designed for steady-state operations around which they achieve optimal performance and efficiency. However, in novel applications, a turbomachine may be exposed to unsteady flow forcing the machine to operate under fluctuating off design conditions. Pressure Gain Combustion (PGC) through detonation can be an extreme example of unsteady flow which affects the turbine performance adversely. The efficient way of energy extraction from PGCs is still an open question which needs extensive turbine design optimizations for such unsteady flow. Any flow field optimization problem in such applications needs a multitude of simulations, which can be too computationally expensive to be utilized as it is realized as an unsteady 3D-CFD problem. In this regard, the current study aims at proposing and evaluating an approach for optimizing a turbine working under highly unsteady exhaust flow of a Rotating Detonation Combustion (RDC). A two stage turbine is placed downstream an RDC and the turbine inlet condition is calculated by a 2D-Euler simulation tool. A turbine optimization problem is defined and three optimization processes with an objective of minimizing entropy are performed using steady-state 3D-CFD simulation as the objective function evaluator. The turbine inlet boundary conditions in the three optimization efforts include peak, mean and trough values of the RDC outlet pulsating flow condition. Finally, detailed unsteady simulations are carried out for the three new geometries and compared with the baseline turbine. The results showed that the steady-state Reynolds Averaged Navier Stocks (RANS) simulations can be utilized using either mean or trough values of the pulsating boundary condition in iterating a design optimization problem, instead of full unsteady RANS simulations applying time and circumferential location dependent boundary conditions. Given the specific RDC boundary condition and the turbine geometry in this study, the optimized turbine exhibited up to 7.71% less entropy generation and up to 7% higher output power compared to the baseline counterpart in unsteady operation. This approach enables a more efficient design optimization process while accounting for the complex dynamics of the RDC exhaust flow. Overall, the approach presented in this paper is practical for optimizing highly unsteady turbomachines specifically for the case of RDCs during any early design optimization procedure, addressing the computational challenges associated with simulating unsteady flows while ensuring the turbine’s effectiveness under real operating conditions. KW - Turbine KW - Unsteady KW - Numerical simulation Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666202725003027 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijft.2025.101356 SN - 2666-2027 VL - 29 SP - 1 EP - 9 PB - Elsevier BV CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Döbbeling-Hildebrandt, Niklas A1 - Miersch, Klaas A1 - Khanna, Tarun M. A1 - Bachelet, Marion A1 - Bruns, Stephan B. A1 - Callaghan, Max A1 - Edenhofer, Ottmar A1 - Flachsland, Christian A1 - Forster, Piers M. A1 - Kalkuhl, Matthias A1 - Koch, Nicolas A1 - Lamb, William F. A1 - Ohlendorf, Nils A1 - Steckel, Jan Christoph A1 - Minx, Jan C. T1 - Systematic review and meta-analysis of ex-post evaluations on the effectiveness of carbon pricing T2 - Nature communications N2 - Today, more than 70 carbon pricing schemes have been implemented around the globe, but their contributions to emissions reductions remains a subject of heated debate in science and policy. Here we assess the effectiveness of carbon pricing in reducing emissions using a rigorous, machine-learning assisted systematic review and meta-analysis. Based on 483 effect sizes extracted from 80 causal ex-post evaluations across 21 carbon pricing schemes, we find that introducing a carbon price has yielded immediate and substantial emission reductions for at least 17 of these policies, despite the low level of prices in most instances. Statistically significant emissions reductions range between –5% to –21% across the schemes (–4% to –15% after correcting for publication bias). Our study highlights critical evidence gaps with regard to dozens of unevaluated carbon pricing schemes and the price elasticity of emissions reductions. More rigorous synthesis of carbon pricing and other climate policies is required across a range of outcomes to advance our understanding of “what works” and accelerate learning on climate solutions in science and policy. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-48512-w SN - 2041-1723 VL - 15 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 12 PB - Nature Publishing Group UK CY - London ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gerling, Charlotte A1 - Schöttker, Oliver A1 - Hearne, John T1 - The ‘Climate Adaptation Problem’ in biodiversity conservation : the value of spatial flexibility in land purchase T2 - Environmental and resource economics N2 - Existing reserve networks become less suitable as species’ ranges shift under climate change and the scarcity and value of habitats change. Reserve sites hence have to be reallocated to reflect these changing values and to remain cost-effective, but restrictions on selling reserve sites limit this adaptation. Under climate change, a novel ‘sale’ policy that provides resale flexibility by allowing increasingly less cost-effective sites to be sold to free funds for purchasing increasingly cost-effective sites may hence be preferable over a typical ‘no sale’ policy. Here, we develop a conceptual climate-ecological-economic model to examine under what conditions resale flexibility provides cost-effectiveness advantages. We find that the benefits of resale flexibility provided by the ’sale’ policy are particularly high when little funding is available for climate change adaptation. Due to this budget effect, the value of resale flexibility also decreases with increasing interest rates. The value of resale flexibility is particularly high when creating reserves for species that are highly mobile as new reserve sites may then be chosen freely (in comparison to the case that new sites have to be located in the proximity of existing reserve sites). We further examine to what extent the ‘sale’ policy reduces the permanence of habitat within a specific location (“site habitat permanence”), and identify a new trade-off: ’sale’ provides advantages for habitat types that become increasingly rare, while ’no sale’ improves site habitat permanence mainly for expanding habitat types. KW - Climate-ecological-economic model KW - Climate adaptation KW - Habitat conservation KW - Reversible investment KW - Irreversible investment Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10640-024-00932-4 SN - 0924-6460 SN - 1573-1502 VL - 88 IS - 2 SP - 339 EP - 365 PB - Springer Netherlands CY - Dordrecht ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ignatyev, Yuriy A1 - Klimczak, Peter A1 - Endres, Ralph A1 - Heinze, Martin T1 - Formal subtext analysis (FSA) in narrative interviewing T2 - Quality & quantity : international journal of methodology N2 - In the framework of the plot theory of the Russian-Estonian semiotician Juri Lotman, a text is only considered narrative and eventful if it contains “…a fact which takes place, though it need not have taken place”. In this respect, Lotman models the event on the basis of description and prescription. This approach can be seen as a functional method for reconstructing the subtext. In previous studies, Lotman's event was considered a contradiction using predicate logical statements that do not allow error-free formal conclusions. However, the correct conclusions could be deduced based on deontic remodeling and its extension to the modal model of the possible worlds. In this way, the subtext of narrative texts could be formally deductible and the interpretation calculable. The aim of our study was to demonstrate this reformulation of Lotman’s event model and to discuss its application as an extension of Qualitative Comparative Analysis of narrative texts from qualitative interviews, one of the basic methods of data collection employed in qualitative research. The proposed model, named formal subtext analysis is illustrated by analyzing a narrative interview with a doctor from a German mental health clinic. KW - Modal logic KW - Set theory KW - Configurational comparative methods Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-024-01917-7 SN - 0033-5177 SN - 1573-7845 VL - 58 IS - 6 SP - 5977 EP - 5996 PB - Springer Netherlands CY - Dordrecht ER - TY - GEN A1 - Drechsler, Martin T1 - A game‐theoretic systematics of conservation and management of spatial ecosystem services T2 - Natural resource modeling N2 - Since many ecosystem services involve spatial scales beyond farm size, their preservation and management in agricultural systems depend on the interaction of the landowners. For the analysis of such interactive land use a generic dynamic land‐use model is developed that considers different payoff structures in a systematic manner and relates land‐use dynamics to these payoff structures. A landowner's own payoff depends on the land use on neighboring land parcels. The landowners’ payoffs are interpreted in a game‐theoretic manner which allows for a game‐theoretic classification of the different land‐use dynamics generated by the model. The model is analyzed to determine the proportion, spatial aggregation and temporal turnover of land‐use measures. The model results are applied to a number of cases from literature in which the management of ecosystem services involves a regional scale, including pollinator conservation, pest control, and coordination incentives for the conservation of species in fragmented landscapes. Four main domains of model behavior are identified and related to the payoff structures (type of game), characterized by the proportions and temporal turnover of land‐use measures, and by whether the system has one or two stable equilibria. An important determinant of the land‐use dynamics is the spatial heterogeneity of the landowners' payoffs which. It affects the domain and the location in the domain by which the land‐use dynamics are characterized. KW - Ecosystem services KW - Land use KW - Simulation model KW - Spatial externality Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/nrm.12404 SN - 0890-8575 SN - 1939-7445 VL - 37 IS - 4 SP - 1 EP - 26 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken, NJ ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ramm, Franziska A1 - Schulz, Christian A1 - Walter, Ruben M. A1 - Zemella, Anne T1 - Wie CYPs Medikamente verarbeiten : Einblicke durch innovative Labortechniken T2 - BIOspektrum N2 - Cytochrome-P450 enzymes (CYPs) represent a major class of enzymes responsible for the metabolism of xenobiotic substances. To assess the role of CYPs in drug metabolism, model systems such as liver cells are used but they harbor a variety of CYPs. Mono-CYP systems were established with a defined CYP activity to study the underlying mechanisms. We utilize a Mono-CYP system based with cell-free protein synthesis. We have shown that this combination enhances the understanding of CYP reactions. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12268-024-2307-6 SN - 0947-0867 SN - 1868-6249 VL - 30 IS - 7 SP - 815 EP - 818 PB - Springer Berlin Heidelberg CY - Berlin ; Heidelberg ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grießhammer, Stefan G. A1 - Malessa, Anke A1 - Lu, Hui A1 - Yip, Julia A1 - Leuschner, Julie A1 - Christgau, Florian A1 - Albrecht, Nils C. A1 - Oesten, Marie A1 - Tran, Thanh Truc A1 - Richer, Robert A1 - Heckel, Maria A1 - Eskofier, Bjoern M. A1 - Koelpin, Alexander A1 - Steigleder, Tobias A1 - Ostgathe, Christoph T1 - Contactless radar-based heart rate estimation in palliative care : a feasibility study and possible use in symptom management T2 - BMC palliative care N2 - Background Heart rate (HR) monitoring is a medical standard to provide information about a patient’s health status. In palliative care, relationship and social engagement are crucial therapeutic concepts. For fear of disrupting communication, social contact, and care, continuous HR monitoring is underutilised despite its potential to inform on symptom burden and therapeutic effects. This study investigates radar-based HR monitoring as an innovative and burden-free approach for palliative care patients, compares its accuracy with conventional ECG methods, and shows potential for therapeutic guidance. Methods A single-centre, comparative clinical trial was conducted with palliative care patients at the ward of the Department of Palliative Medicine of the University Hospital of Erlangen. The HR measurements obtained with radar were compared with Holter ECG (study arm I, overnight) and Task Force ® Monitor (TFM)-based ECG validation recordings (study arm II, one hour). In addition, long-term radar measurements without validation were analysed in comparison with clinical health records (study arm III). Results Both validation methods showed correlation by scatter plot, modified Bland-Altman plot, and equivalence testing. N  = 34 patients participated in study arm I. HR of 4,079 five-minute intervals was analysed. Radar measurements and ECG showed high agreement: difference of HRs was within 5 bpm in 3780 of 4079 (92.67%) and within ±13.4 bpm ( 1.96 times the SD of the mean) in 3979 (97.55%) intervals, respectively. In study arm II, n  = 19 patients participated. 57,048 heart beats were analysed. The HR difference was within 5 bpm for 53,583 out of 57,048 beats (93.93%) and within 8.2 bpm ( ± 1.96 times the SD of the mean) in 55,439 beats (97.18%), respectively. Arm III showed HR changes extracted from radar data in correlation with symptoms and treatment. Conclusion Radar-based HR monitoring shows a high agreement in comparison with ECG-based HR monitoring and thus offers an option for continuous and above all burden-free HR assessment, with the potential for use in symptom management in palliative care, among others. Further research and technological advancements are still necessary to fully realize this innovative approach in enhancing palliative care practices. KW - Palliative Care KW - Symptom management KW - Radar technology KW - Vital signs KW - Machine learning KW - Artificial intelligence Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-024-01592-3 SN - 1472-684X VL - 23 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 14 PB - BioMed Central CY - London ER - TY - GEN A1 - Merseburger, Axel S. A1 - Dornstauder, Eugen A1 - Ohlmann, Carsten-Henning A1 - Aprikian, Armen A1 - Junker, Sophia A1 - Hahn, Philipp A1 - Chilelli, Andrew A1 - Stoelzel, Matthias A1 - Serikoff, Alexis A1 - Spitzer, Stefan G. T1 - Cardiovascular risks and survival with abiraterone vs enzalutamide in chemotherapy-naïve metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer in Germany : AVENGER study T2 - Advances in therapy N2 - Introduction Recent real-world studies compared effectiveness and safety of enzalutamide (ENZA) and abiraterone acetate (AA) for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). The growing evidence needs further substantiation with long-term data. This study, the first to use German data, investigated cardiovascular (CV) event risk and overall survival (OS) in patients initiating ENZA or AA. AA (2012) and ENZA (2014) are widely used for mCRPC in Germany. Methods This retrospective study used data of chemotherapy-naïve patients with mCRPC on ENZA or AA (2012–2020) from two German claims databases (AOK PLUS and GWQ ServicePlus). The primary endpoint was time to first CV event (CV-related hospitalization) analyzed via a meta-analysis of Cox proportional hazard models of propensity score-matched (PSM) intention-to-treat cohorts. Other endpoints were baseline characteristics, CV event rate, number of CV events per patient, and OS. Results Of 2240 patients in the total study population (ENZA, 828; AA, 1412), 796 PSM patients were included in each group. ENZA patients were older and had a higher prevalence of some comorbidities, but without meaningful differences after PSM. Further, 386 patients had ≥ 1 CV event (ENZA, 172; AA, 214). ENZA was associated with a significantly lower risk of CV events (hazard ratio [HR] 0.70, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.57–0.86, p  = 0.001, I 2  = 0.0%), CV event rate (0.17 vs 0.23 per person-year; event rate ratio 0.75, 95% CI 0.61–0.92, p  = 0.006; I 2  = 38.0%), fewer recurrent CV events (HR 0.77, 95% CI 0.61–0.96, p  = 0.024; I 2  = 0.0%), and prolonged OS (HR 0.79, 95% CI 0.71–0.89, p  < 0.001) than AA. Conclusions The unmatched ENZA cohort had higher average age and more comorbidities than the AA cohort, but no meaningful differences were noted after PSM. ENZA was associated with a significantly lower risk of CV events and improved OS. KW - Abiraterone KW - Cardiovascular events KW - Castration-resistant prostate cancer KW - Enzalutamide KW - Overall survival KW - Propensity score matching Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12325-025-03132-8 SN - 0741-238X SN - 1865-8652 VL - 42 IS - 4 SP - 1919 EP - 1934 PB - Springer Healthcare CY - Cheshire ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fárez‐Román, Valeria A1 - Rinke, Karsten A1 - Dunker, Susanne A1 - Hampel, Henrietta A1 - Shatwell, Tom T1 - Phytoplankton community dynamics and vertical nutrient fluxes during the winter‐to‐spring transition in a monomictic temperate reservoir T2 - Limnology and oceanography N2 - Winter phytoplankton blooms have been documented in several temperate lakes, yet the mechanisms triggering them remain poorly understood. Understanding the ecology of these blooms is key for predicting succession patterns, especially given the impact of climate change on winter conditions. To elucidate the relationships between exponential algal growth, abiotic conditions, and vertical nutrient transport, we investigated the phytoplankton community in a deep temperate reservoir during the winter‐to‐spring transition. We collected biweekly physical, chemical, and phytoplankton data, along with monthly sedimenting material data. We found that our study system can support the exponential growth of diatom species in late winter during circulation, 6–10 weeks before stratification onset, and once photosynthetically active radiation had reached 1.3 mol m −2  d −1 . The phytoplankton community was mainly dominated by diatoms, motile species, and Planktothrix rubescens . These species displayed distinct growth patterns and ecological strategies, likely as an adaptation to the varying abiotic conditions during this period. Specifically, P. rubescens was evenly distributed during circulation and formed a deep chlorophyll layer at ~ 11 m depth immediately after stratification onset. Additionally, a few of these dominant phytoplankton species predominantly influenced vertical nutrient transport through sedimentation. Our results demonstrate that exponential phytoplankton growth can occur in temperate lakes before stratification onset under low light conditions if there is sufficient time before grazing begins and sinking losses increase. Our findings emphasize winter's significant role in shaping species distribution in subsequent seasons and underscores the need for an annual perspective in limnology. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.70082 SN - 0024-3590 SN - 1939-5590 VL - 70 IS - 6 SP - 1678 EP - 1692 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc. CY - Hoboken, USA ER - TY - GEN A1 - Straka, Tanja M. A1 - Glahe, Carolin A1 - Dietrich, Ulrike A1 - Bui, Miriam A1 - Kowarik, Ingo T1 - From nature experience to pro-conservation action : how generational amnesia and declining nature-relatedness shape behaviour intentions of adolescents and adults T2 - Ambio N2 - Addressing the global biodiversity crisis requires conservation engagement across generations. However, generational amnesia and extinction of experience probably threaten this effort, reflecting declines in nature knowledge, experience and engagement among younger generations. We examined urban green area visit frequency, nature-relatedness, identification skills and familiarity with species (plants, birds and butterflies) and pro-conservation behaviour intentions in adolescents (15–17 years, mean = 15.97), young adults (18–29 years, mean = 23.72) and older adults (> 30 years, mean = 40.54) in Germany. With a path analysis, we explored relationships between concepts across all age groups. Although all age groups visited green areas similarly, identification skills, nature-relatedness and intentions declined progressively from older to younger groups. Nature-relatedness predicted intentions and identification skills predicted nature-relatedness across all groups. Our findings support the importance of fostering nature-relatedness and species knowledge through age-sensitive access to urban green areas with opportunities to connect with and learn about nature. KW - Biodiversity conservation KW - Extinction of experience KW - Generational amnesia KW - Nature-relatedness KW - Pro-conservation behaviour KW - Species identification Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-025-02135-7 SN - 0044-7447 SN - 1654-7209 VL - 54 IS - 7 SP - 1165 EP - 1184 PB - Springer Netherlands CY - Dordrecht ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mappas, Vasileios A1 - Dorneanu, Bogdan A1 - Nolasco, Eduardo A1 - Vassiliadis, Vassilios A1 - Arellano-Garcia, Harvey T1 - Towards scalable quantum annealing for pooling and blending problems : a methodological proof-of-concept T2 - Chemical engineering research and design N2 - Industrial optimization challenges, such as the pooling and blending problem (PBP), require advanced computational methods to address non-convexity and scalability limitations in classical solvers. This work introduces a novel methodological framework for solving PBPs using quantum annealing (QA) that transforms the PBP into quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) formulations at two resolution levels, enabling direct deployment on quantum annealers. Key innovations include a discretization technique tailored for PBP’s bilinear constraints and an embedding method optimized for current quantum hardware. Benchmarking against classical solvers focuses on Haverly’s classical three-stream PBP, enabling transparent comparison and development of quantum embedding and solution techniques. The proposed framework offers a scalable template for adapting similar engineering systems to quantum annealing architectures. Addressing genuine industrial-scale instances will require future advances in quantum hardware and embedding algorithms. The results demonstrate that QA exhibits the best performance among the examined alternatives, providing foundational insights towards leveraging QA in Process Systems Engineering. KW - Quantum annealing KW - Bilinear programming KW - Pooling/blending problem KW - Quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2025.08.031 SN - 1744-3563 VL - 221 SP - 560 EP - 576 PB - Elsevier BV CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - EL-Sheikh, Mohamed A1 - EL-Batsh, Hesham M. A1 - Zanoun, El-Sayed A1 - Attia, Ali M. A. T1 - Numerical and experimental investigations of flow separation control through a linear compressor cascade T2 - Discover applied sciences N2 - Modern large-scale gas turbines are equipped with high-pressure ratio compressors to increase engine work and its overall efficiency. Flow separation and energy losses are also two interrelated phenomenon associated with changes in compressor loading level and performance. This paper examines therefore the control of flow separation using a passive-control technique. An arced divergent-convergent slot grooved from the blade pressure side to its suction side was adopted to control flow separation, reducing the losses through a linear compressor cascade. The spanwise location of the slot was selected based on CFD simulations where the corner separation was predicted. The slot height in the spanwise direction was selected to be 8% of the blade height at the end-wall side. The present work was performed experimentally and numerically at an inlet Reynolds number, Rec=ρV∞C/μ=2.98×105, covering a wide range of incidence angles from +6∘to-6∘. The experimental work was carried out using a linear cascade test section consisting of six NACA 65-009 blade profiles integrated into a low-speed wind tunnel. A five-hole pressure probe system was used to obtain main flow parameters. Numerically, four turbulence models, including Spalart–Allmaras (S–A) model, Realizable (R k-ε) model, Shear-Stress Transport (SST k-ω) model, and Reynolds Stress model (RSM) were tested to predict the velocity and pressure fields. Good agreement between the experimental measurements and the numerical results, which were obtained using the RSM turbulence model in terms of velocity profiles and total pressure downstream of blades. It was observed also that the use of the arced-slotted blades for positive incident angles was more effective in reducing the separation than the negative and zero incident angles, approaching a maximum value of 33% for 6° with enhanced blade loading reaching 17.6%. It is to be concluded that, the use of arced slotted blade improves the compressor performance specially for positive incident angles. KW - Linear compressor cascade KW - Flow separation KW - Passive flow control KW - Turbulence model KW - Slotted blade Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-024-05982-3 SN - 3004-9261 VL - 6 IS - 9 SP - 1 EP - 24 PB - Springer International Publishing CY - Cham ER - TY - GEN A1 - Toghraie, Fatemeh Sadat A1 - Bayat, Maryam A1 - Hosseini, Mahsa Sadat A1 - Ramezani, Amin T1 - Tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells : mechanisms, functional significance, and targeting in cancer therapy T2 - Cellular oncology N2 - Tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells (TIMs), which encompass tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), and tumor-associated dendritic cells (TADCs), are of great importance in tumor microenvironment (TME) and are integral to both pro- and anti-tumor immunity. Nevertheless, the phenotypic heterogeneity and functional plasticity of TIMs have posed challenges in fully understanding their complexity roles within the TME. Emerging evidence suggested that the presence of TIMs is frequently linked to prevention of cancer treatment and improvement of patient outcomes and survival. Given their pivotal function in the TME, TIMs have recently been recognized as critical targets for therapeutic approaches aimed at augmenting immunostimulatory myeloid cell populations while depleting or modifying those that are immunosuppressive. This review will explore the important properties of TIMs related to immunity, angiogenesis, and metastasis. We will also document the latest therapeutic strategies targeting TIMs in preclinical and clinical settings. Our objective is to illustrate the potential of TIMs as immunological targets that may improve the outcomes of existing cancer treatments. KW - Macrophages KW - Neutrophils KW - Dendritic cells KW - Myeloid-derived suppressor cells KW - Cancer immunotherapy Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s13402-025-01051-y SN - 2211-3428 SN - 2211-3436 VL - 48 IS - 3 SP - 559 EP - 590 PB - Springer International Publishing CY - Cham ER - TY - GEN A1 - Preda, Amanda Teodora A1 - Ghiu, Iulia A1 - Ion, Lucian A1 - Wulf, Ulrich A1 - Manolescu, Andrei A1 - Nemnes, George Alexandru T1 - Implementation of a multi-terminal quantum sorter in solid state systems T2 - Scientific reports N2 - Identifying quantum states stands at the core of quantum information processing. However, an accurate observable measurement can pose a tough challenge whenever multiple outcomes are possible, e.g. measuring momentum vs. electron spin, which takes only two components. Quantum systems with a larger number of degrees of freedom increase the options for quantum computations and may enhance the quantum parallelism. Our goal in this work is to define a system that functions as a quantum sorter in a concrete manner, by choosing an interaction Hamiltonian that enables the device to separate the eigenstates into multiple output ports, achieving a so-called mode-lead disentanglement. To this end, we implemented numerically the -matrix formalism, which was developed to solve scattering transport problems in solid state systems. The states that are aimed to be separated are described by the transverse momentum of the incident modes and by their spin component, as a possible implementation of qudits. In order to achieve the desired resolution in terms of mode and spin, we study a range of possible Hamiltonians, corresponding to different configurations of the scattering potential. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-05860-x SN - 2045-2322 VL - 15 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 12 PB - Nature Publishing Group UK CY - London ER - TY - GEN A1 - Opitz, Joerg A1 - Wunderlich, Christian A1 - Bendjus, B. A1 - Cikalova, U. A1 - Wolf, C. A1 - Naumann, S. A1 - Lehmann, A. A1 - Barth, M. A1 - Duckhorn, Frank A1 - Köhler, B. A1 - Tschöke, K. A1 - Windisch, T. A1 - Tschöpe, Constanze A1 - Moritz, T. A1 - Scheithauer, U. T1 - Materialdiagnose und integrale Prüfverfahren für keramische Bauteile T2 - Keramische Zeitschrift N2 - Hochleistungskeramiken findet man heute häufig als kritische Komponente in neuentwickelten Systemen für Zukunftsanwendungen. Die Zuverlässigkeit des gesamten Systems basiert hierbei oft auf der kritischen keramischen Komponente. Für diese oft neuentwickelten keramischen Materialien werden neue Methoden für die Prozesssteuerung, Materialdiagnostik und Strukturüberwachung benötigt. In diesem Artikel werden drei für die Keramikcharakterisierung am Fraunhofer-Institut für Keramische Technologien und Systeme IKTS weiter entwickelte Technologien und Verfahren beschrieben und deren Einsatz anhand von Beispielen illustriert. Dazu werden die Laser-Speckle-Photometrie, die optische Kohärenztomographie und die Klanganalyse in Kombination mit einer entsprechenden akustischen Mustererkennung als leistungsfähige Verfahren für die Materialdiagnostik im Bereich der keramischen Materialien vorgestellt. T2 - Materials diagnostics and integrated testing technology for ceramic parts Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03400267 SN - 0023-0561 VL - 68 IS - 4-5 SP - 249 EP - 254 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC CY - Berlin ; Heidelberg ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tschöpe, Constanze A1 - Wolff, Matthias A1 - Hoffmann, Rüdiger T1 - Akustische Mustererkennung für die ZfP T2 - MP Materials Testing Y1 - 2009 SN - 0025-5300 VL - 51 IS - 10 SP - 701 EP - 704 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Leithoff, Ruben A1 - Dilger, Nikolas A1 - Duckhorn, Frank A1 - Blume, Stefan A1 - Lembcke, Dario A1 - Tschöpe, Constanze A1 - Herrmann, Christoph A1 - Dröder, Klaus T1 - Inline monitoring of battery electrode lamination processes based on acoustic measurements T2 - Batteries N2 - Due to the energy transition and the growth of electromobility, the demand for lithium-ion batteries has increased in recent years. Great demands are being placed on the quality of battery cells and their electrochemical properties. Therefore, the understanding of interactions between products and processes and the implementation of quality management measures are essential factors that requires inline capable process monitoring. In battery cell lamination processes, a typical problem source of quality issues can be seen in missing or misaligned components (anodes, cathodes and separators). An automatic detection of missing or misaligned components, however, has not been established thus far. In this study, acoustic measurements to detect components in battery cell lamination were applied. Although the use of acoustic measurement methods for process monitoring has already proven its usefulness in various fields of application, it has not yet been applied to battery cell production. While laminating battery electrodes and separators, acoustic emissions were recorded. Signal analysis and machine learning techniques were used to acoustically distinguish the individual components that have been processed. This way, the detection of components with a balanced accuracy of up to 83% was possible, proving the feasibility of the concept as an inline capable monitoring system. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries7010019 SN - 2313-0105 VL - 7 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 21 PB - MDPI AG CY - Basel ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tschöpe, Constanze A1 - Wolff, Matthias T1 - Statistical Classifiers for Structural Health Monitoring T2 - IEEE sensors journal Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2009.2019330 SN - 1530-437X VL - 9 IS - 11 SP - 1567 EP - 1576 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kraljevski, Ivan A1 - Duckhorn, Frank A1 - Tschöpe, Constanze A1 - Wolff, Matthias T1 - Machine Learning for Anomaly Assessment in Sensor Networks for NDT in Aerospace T2 - IEEE Sensors Journal N2 - We investigated and compared various algorithms in machine learning for anomaly assessment with different feature analyses on ultrasonic signals recorded by sensor networks. The following methods were used and compared in anomaly detection modeling: hidden Markov models (HMM), support vector machines (SVM), isolation forest (IF), and reconstruction autoencoders (AEC). They were trained exclusively on sensor signals of the intact state of structures commonly used in various industries, like aerospace and automotive. The signals obtained on artificially introduced damage states were used for performance evaluation. Anomaly assessment was evaluated and compared using various classifiers and feature analysis methods. We introduced novel methodologies for two processes. The first was the dataset preparation with anomalies. The second was the detection and damage severity assessment utilizing the intact object state exclusively. The experiments proved that robust anomaly detection is practically feasible. We were able to train accurate classifiers which had a considerable safety margin. Precise quantitative analysis of damage severity will also be possible when calibration data become available during exploitation or by using expert knowledge. KW - Machine learning KW - Non-destructive testing KW - Ultrasonic transducers Y1 - 2021 UR - https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9366491 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2021.3062941 SN - 1558-1748 VL - 21 IS - 9 SP - 11000 EP - 11008 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Klimczak, Peter A1 - Kusche, Isabel A1 - Tschöpe, Constanze A1 - Wolff, Matthias T1 - Menschliche und maschinelle Entscheidungsrationalität - Zur Kontrolle und Akzeptanz Künstlicher Intelligenz T2 - Zeitschrift für Medienwissenschaft 21 - Künstliche Intelligenz Y1 - 2019 UR - https://mediarep.org/handle/doc/13542 SN - 978-3-8376-4468-5 U6 - https://doi.org//10.25969/mediarep/12631 SN - 1869-1722 SN - 2296-4126 IS - 2 SP - 39 EP - 45 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Uhlig, Sebastian A1 - Alkhasli, Ilkin A1 - Schubert, Frank A1 - Tschöpe, Constanze A1 - Wolff, Matthias T1 - A Review of Synthetic and Augmented Training Data for Machine Learning in Ultrasonic Non-Destructive Evaluation T2 - Ultrasonics N2 - Ultrasonic Testing (UT) has seen increasing application of machine learning (ML) in recent years, promoting higher-level automation and decision-making in flaw detection and classification. Building a generalized training dataset to apply ML in non-destructive evaluation (NDE), and thus UT, is exceptionally difficult since data on pristine and representative flawed specimens are needed. Yet, in most UT test cases flawed specimen data is inherently rare making data coverage the leading problem when applying ML. Common data augmentation (DA) strategies offer limited solutions as they don’t increase the dataset variance, which can lead to overfitting of the training data. The virtual defect method and the recent application of generative adversarial neural networks (GANs) in UT are sophisticated DA methods targeting to solve this problem. On the other hand, well-established research in modeling ultrasonic wave propagations allows for the generation of synthetic UT training data. In this context, we present a first thematic review to summarize the progress of the last decades on synthetic and augmented UT training data in NDE. Additionally, an overview of methods for synthetic UT data generation and augmentation is presented. Among numerical methods such as finite element, finite difference, and elastodynamic finite integration methods, semi-analytical methods such as general point source synthesis, superposition of Gaussian beams, and the pencil method as well as other UT modeling software are presented and discussed. Likewise, existing DA methods for one- and multidimensional UT data, feature space augmentation, and GANs for augmentation are presented and discussed. The paper closes with an in-detail discussion of the advantages and limitations of existing methods for both synthetic UT training data generation and DA of UT data to aid the decision-making of the reader for the application to specific test cases. KW - Non-destructive testing KW - NDT KW - Non-destructive evaluation KW - NDE KW - Ultrasonic testing KW - Ultrasonics KW - Flaw detection KW - Machine learning KW - Artificial intelligence KW - Deep learning KW - Synthetic training data KW - Data augmentation Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0041624X23001178 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultras.2023.107041 SN - 1874-9968 IS - 134 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kraljevski, Ivan A1 - Duckhorn, Frank A1 - Tschöpe, Constanze A1 - Schubert, Frank A1 - Wolff, Matthias T1 - Paper Tissue Softness Rating by Acoustic Emission Analysis T2 - Applied Sciences N2 - Softness is one of the essential properties of hygiene tissue products. Reliably measuring it is of utmost importance to ensure the balance between customer expectations and cost-effective tissue production. This study presents a method for assessing softness by analyzing acoustic emissions produced while tearing a tissue specimen. The aim was to train neural network models using the corrected results of human panel tests as the ground truth labels and to predict the tissue softness in two- and three-class recognition tasks. We also investigate the possibility of predicting some production parameters related to the softness property. The results proved that tissue softness and production parameters could be reliably estimated only by the tearing noise. KW - acoustic emission KW - machine learning KW - tissue softness analysis Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/app13031670 SN - 2076-3417 VL - 13 IS - 3 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ju, Yong Chul A1 - Kraljevski, Ivan A1 - Neunübel, Heiko A1 - Tschöpe, Constanze A1 - Wolff, Matthias T1 - Acoustic Resonance Testing of Small Data on Sintered Cogwheels T2 - Sensors N2 - Based on the fact that cogwheels are indispensable parts in manufacturing, we present the acoustic resonance testing (ART) of small data on sintered cogwheels for quality control in the context of non-destructive testing (NDT). Considering the lack of extensive studies on cogwheel data by means of ART in combination with machine learning (ML), we utilize time-frequency domain feature analysis and apply ML algorithms to the obtained feature sets in order to detect damaged samples in two ways: one-class and binary classification. In each case, despite small data, our approach delivers robust performance: All damaged test samples reflecting real-world scenarios are recognized in two one-class classifiers (also called detectors), and one intact test sample is misclassified in binary ones. This shows the usefulness of ML and time-frequency domain feature analysis in ART on a sintered cogwheel dataset. KW - acoustic resonance testing (ART) non-destructive testing (NDT) KW - deep learning KW - machine learning KW - small-data KW - non-destructive testing (NDT) Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/s22155814 SN - 1424-8220 VL - 22 IS - 15 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Urban, Thomas A1 - Reinhardt, Fritjof A1 - Lohse, Peter A1 - Spitzer, Stefan G. A1 - Rasche, Luise A1 - Reichmann, Heinz T1 - Fatigue und sensomotorische Instabilität : neurologisch kontrollierte Konversion von Post-COVID-19- Patienten T1 - Fatigue and sensorimotor instability : neurologically controlled conversion of post-COVID-19 patients T2 - Der Nervenarzt : Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Nervenheilkunde N2 - Hintergrund Für die Behandlung der Symptome des Post-COVID-19-Syndroms wird derzeit keine kausale Therapie nach evidenzbasierten Kriterien breit empfohlen. Die Evaluation der Veränderungen des Leitsymptoms Fatigue und der sensomotorischen Instabilität durch eine individualisierte beanspruchungsgesteuerte Trainingstherapie sowie durch eine intensivierte kognitive Verhaltenstherapie war das übergeordnete Ziel der Interventionsstudie über einen 3‑jährigen Zeitraum (Q1-2021 bis Q4-2023). Methodik Es wurden in den 3 Jahren im Post-COVID-19-Zentrum Lausitz (Senftenberg) 407 geimpfte nukleokapsidpositive Patienten behandelt. Bei 78 (rd. 19 %) von ihnen wurden als Leitsyndrome Fatigue/immunometabolische Depression und sensomotorische Instabilität konstatiert. Die Evaluation der individualisierten beanspruchungsgesteuerten Trainingstherapie erfolgte anhand der konkreten Post-COVID-19-Syndromatik und motorischer Fatigability-Parameter. Die sekundäre psychosomatische Syndromatik wurde mit kognitiven Fatigability-Parametern und mit Instrumenten der kognitiven Verhaltenstherapie bewertet. Die Untersuchung verhaltensbeeinflussender Parameter fand in Q2-2023 bis Q4-2023 mit einem leitfadengestützten qualitativen Interview unter den Therapieteilnehmern statt. Ergebnisse Die Post-COVID-19-Leitsymptomen „Fatigue“, „sensomotorische Instabilität“, „neuropsychiatrische Symptome“, „kardionale/autonome Dysfunktion“ und „Schmerzen“ verbesserten sich signifikant in der Gesamtkohorte sowie bei der geschlechtsspezifischen Analyse. Eine Verschlechterung trat bei „sekundären psychosomatischen Symptomen“ auf. Für alle motorischen Fatigability-Parameter konnte für die Gesamtkohorte mit dem Cohens d-Wert ein therapeutischer Effekt nachgewiesen werden. Positive Wirkungen erzielte eine Intensivierung der kognitiven Verhaltenstherapie durch eine zunehmende Entwicklung der Eigenaktivität der Patienten sowie deren Selbstkontrolle unter Einsatz von Persuasion und Gamification. N2 - Background For the treatment of the symptoms of post-COVID-19 syndrome, no causal therapy is currently widely recommended according to evidence-based criteria. The overarching goal of the intervention study over a 3-year period (Q1-2021–Q4-2023) was to evaluate the changes in the key symptoms of fatigue and sensorimotor instability through individualized stress-controlled training therapy and through intensified cognitive behavioral therapy. Material and methods In the 3‑year period 407 vaccinated nucleocapsid positive patients were treated at the Post-COVID-19 Center Lausitz (Senftenberg). In 78 (around 19%) fatigue/immunometabolic depression and sensorimotor instability were identified as the leading syndromes. The evaluation of the individualized stress-controlled training therapy was based on the specific post-COVID-19 syndrome and motor fatigue parameters. The secondary psychosomatic syndrome was assessed using cognitive fatigue parameters and cognitive behavioral therapy instruments. The investigation of -parameters influencing behavior took place in Q2-2023–Q4-2023 with a guide-supported qualitative interview among the participants. Results The post-COVID-19 key symptoms “fatigue,” “sensorimotor instability,” “neuropsychiatric symptoms,” “cardiac/autonomic dysfunction,” and “pain” improved significantly in the overall cohort and in the gender-specific analysis. A deterioration occurred in “secondary psychosomatic symptoms”. A therapeutic effect was demonstrated for all motor fatigue parameters for the entire cohort using the Cohen’s d value. An intensification of cognitive behavioral therapy achieved positive effects through an increasing development of the patients’ own activity and their self-control using persuasion and gamification. KW - Post-COVID-Syndrom KW - Fatigue KW - Sensomotorische Instabilität KW - Kognitive Verhaltenstherapie KW - Sekundäre psychosomatische Symptome KW - Post-COVID syndrome KW - Fatigue KW - Sensorimotor instability KW - Cognitive behavioral therapy KW - Secondary psychosomatic symptoms Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-024-01732-3 SN - 0028-2804 SN - 1433-0407 VL - 95 IS - 12 SP - 1104 EP - 1115 PB - Springer Medizin CY - Heidelberg ER - TY - GEN A1 - Molina, M. O. A1 - Careto, J. M. A1 - Gutiérrez, C. A1 - Sánchez, E. A1 - Goergen, K. A1 - Sobolowski, S. A1 - Coppola, E. A1 - Pichelli, E. A1 - Ban, N. A1 - Belus̆ić, D. A1 - Short, C. A1 - Caillaud, C. A1 - Dobler, A. A1 - Hodnebrog, Ø. A1 - Kartsios, S. A1 - Lenderink, G. A1 - de Vries, H. A1 - Göktürk, O. A1 - Milovac, J. A1 - Feldmann, H. A1 - Truhetz, H. A1 - Demory, M. E. A1 - Warrach-Sagi, K. A1 - Keuler, K. A1 - Adinolfi, M. A1 - Raffa, M. A1 - Tölle, M. A1 - Sieck, K. A1 - Bastin, S. A1 - Soares, P. M. M. T1 - The added value of simulated near-surface wind speed over the Alps from a km-scale multimodel ensemble T2 - Climate dynamics N2 - The advancement of computational resources has allowed researchers to run convection-permitting regional climate model (CPRCM) simulations. A pioneering effort promoting a multimodel ensemble of such simulations is the CORDEX Flagship Pilot Studies (FPS) on “Convective Phenomena over Europe and the Mediterranean” over an extended Alps region. In this study, the Distribution Added Value metric is used to determine the improvement of the representation of all available FPS hindcast simulations for the daily mean near-surface wind speed. The analysis is performed on normalized empirical probability distributions and considers station observation data as the reference. The use of a normalized metric allows for spatial comparison among the different regions (coast and inland), altitudes and seasons. This approach permits a direct assessment of the added value between the CPRCM simulations against their global driving reanalysis (ERA-Interim) and respective coarser resolution regional model counterparts. In general, the results show that CPRCMs add value to their global driving reanalysis or forcing regional model, due to better-resolved topography or through better representation of ocean-land contrasts. However, the nature and magnitude of the improvement in the wind speed representation vary depending on the model, the season, the altitude, or the region. Among seasons, the improvement is usually larger in summer than winter. CPRCMs generally display gains at low and medium-range altitudes. In addition, despite some shortcomings in comparison to ERA-Interim, which can be attributed to the assimilation of wind observations on the coast, the CPRCMs outperform the coarser regional climate models, both along the coast and inland. KW - Regional climate modelling KW - Wind speed KW - Added value KW - Probability density functions KW - Downscaling Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-024-07257-4 SN - 0930-7575 SN - 1432-0894 VL - 62 IS - 6 SP - 4697 EP - 4715 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ; Heidelberg ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wolf, C. Christian A1 - Schanz, Daniel A1 - Schwarz, Clemens A1 - Heintz, Alexander A1 - Bosbach, Johannes A1 - Strübing, Tobias A1 - Schröder, Andreas T1 - Volumetric wake investigation of a free-flying quadcopter using Shake-The-Box Lagrangian particle tracking T2 - Experiments in fluids N2 - The Shake-The-Box technique was applied to experimentally quantify the time-resolved volumetric flow field around a free-flying quadcopter UAV with an overall span of about 0.5 m. State-of-the-art LED illumination and high-speed camera equipment was combined with modern Lagrangian tracer particle tracking and data assimilation techniques, facilitating a measurement volume larger than 1.5m³. The setup allowed for both hover and limited maneuvering of the quadcopter, while resolving even small details of the complex interactional aerodynamics. In hover out of ground effect, the four individual rotor wakes merged into a single jet within a few rotor radii below the rotor planes. Evaluating the mass and momentum fluxes over suitable control volumes yields accurate estimates for the quadcopter’s total thrust, the asymmetric thrust distribution between front and back rotors, and the entrainment of external flow through turbulent mixing. Hover in ground effect decreases the power requirement and induces recirculating flow in the center of the four rotors. The outwash pattern is non-uniform with jets developing between the rotors and pointing in radially outward directions. Forward flight cases result in a skewed, rapidly merging wake flanked by the roll-up of two “supervortices” similar to the wingtip vortices of fixed-wing vehicles. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-024-03880-3 SN - 0723-4864 SN - 1432-1114 VL - 65 IS - 10 SP - 1 EP - 17 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ; Heidelberg ER - TY - GEN A1 - Durst, Franz A1 - Zanoun, El-Sayed T1 - Laminar pipe flow instability : a theoretical-experimental perspective T2 - Fluids N2 - This paper revisits the theoretically predicted inherent stability of fully developed laminar pipe flow, which remains unconfirmed by experimental evidence. A recently developed theory of pipe-flow stability/instability addresses the gap between experimental observations and classical theoretical predictions by accounting for a parallel secondary flow through the pipe’s roughness layer that accompanies the main stream. This secondary flow alters the near-wall velocity profile in the rough-wall region, creating an inflection point that promotes shear-driven instabilities and triggers the laminar-to-turbulent transition. A stability factor 𝑆=𝐷𝑐/𝐷 is introduced, where D is the nominal pipe diameter and 𝐷𝑐 refers to the critical pipe diameter. The pipe flow remains laminar and stable for 𝑆>1.0, and becomes unstable for 𝑆<1. Various experimental findings are theoretically derived, and the laminar-to-turbulent transition is identified at 𝑆=1.0. Particular attention is paid to the dependence of flow transition on both pipe diameter and pipe length. Rather than relying on a critical Reynolds number 𝑅𝑒𝑐, this study proposes the critical pipe diameter 𝐷𝑐 as the key parameter governing the laminar pipe flow instability, where 𝑅𝑒𝑐 refers here to the condition-dependent threshold at which laminar pipe flow becomes unstable and transition to turbulence occurs. The present analysis further suggests that instability arises only if the pipe length L exceeds a critical threshold 𝐿𝑐, that is, 𝐿>𝐿𝑐. The theoretical treatment presented provides deeper physical insights into the onset of laminar pipe flow instability including the phenomenon of reverse transition. It also distinguishes between natural and forced flow transitions, providing a refined understanding of the transition process. Finally, suggestions for future experimental work are made to further validate or challenge this new theoretical perspective on pipe flow instability. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/fluids10080216 SN - 2311-5521 VL - 10 IS - 8 SP - 1 EP - 21 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - GEN A1 - Godbersen, Philipp A1 - Schanz, Daniel A1 - Schröder, Andreas T1 - Peak-CNN : improved particle image localization using single-stage CNNs T2 - Experiments in fluids N2 - An important step in the application of Lagrangian particle tracking (LPT) or in general for image-based single particle identification techniques is the detection of particle image locations on the measurement images and their sub-pixel accurate position estimation. In case of volumetric measurements, this constitutes the first step in the process of recovering 3D particle positions, which is usually performed by triangulation procedures. For two-component 2D measurements, the particle localization results directly serve as input to the tracking algorithm. Depending on the quality of the image, the shape and size of the particle images and the amount of particle image overlap, it can be difficult to find all, or even only the majority, of the projected particle locations in a measurement image. Advanced strategies for 3D particle position reconstruction, such as iterative particle reconstruction (IPR), are designed to work with incomplete 2D particle detection abilities but even they can greatly benefit from a more complete detection as ambiguities and position errors are reduced. We introduce a convolutional neural network (CNN) based particle image detection scheme that significantly outperforms current conventional approaches, both on synthetic and experimental data, and enables particle image localization with a vastly higher completeness even at high image densities. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-024-03884-z SN - 0723-4864 SN - 1432-1114 VL - 65 IS - 10 SP - 1 EP - 19 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ; Heidelberg ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hilt, Sabine A1 - van de Weyer, Klaus A1 - Meis, Sebastian A1 - Päzolt, Jens A1 - Gessner, Mark O. A1 - Gonsiorczyk, Thomas A1 - Alirangues‐Nuñez, Marta Maria A1 - Hupfer, Michael T1 - Facilitation of lake eutrophication by altered feedback loops between submerged macrophyte vegetation and phosphorus retention T2 - Freshwater biology N2 - Charophytes (stoneworts) often dominate the submerged vegetation in nutrient‐poor hardwater lakes, where they support high benthic phosphorus (P) retention. As a consequence, epilimnion P concentrations remain low and water clarity high, resulting in a positive feedback. When perennial charophytes, retaining P all year round, are replaced by vascular macrophytes, P is retained only during summer but rapidly released during decomposition in the autumn and winter. Epilimnion P thus becomes available to phytoplankton in the following growing season, reducing lake water clarity and further shifting plant dominance from bottom‐dwelling charophytes to taller vascular species. We tested the hypothesis that changes in lake P concentrations may be partly related to changes in the structure of submerged macrophytes in a deep hardwater lake that experienced a dramatic increase in total P (TP) concentrations over a decade with no evidence of changes in external P loading. We repeatedly measured water transparency, macrophyte maximum colonisation depth (MCD) and abundance between 2008 and 2022 and determined macrophyte tissue P content in 2020 to test whether changes in submerged vegetation could explain gaps in the lake's P budget and shifts in P sink/source functions of littoral areas. In 2008, charophyte communities were dominated by wintergreen Nitellopsis obtusa . The subsequent decline of the species was negatively correlated with the spring TP concentration in the upper water layer (0–20 m) of the lake and positively correlated with Secchi depth and macrophyte MCD, which decreased from 13.5 to 9.5 m. In contrast, the cover of annual vascular macrophytes (mainly rootless hornwort, Ceratophyllum demersum ) increased and was positively correlated with P losses from the upper water layer in summer and negatively correlated with Secchi depth and MCD. Budget calculations showed that the littoral zone was a P source during the period when N. obtusa declined. Despite the relatively low contribution of P directly released from lost charophyte biomass, declines of N. obtusa partly explained the temporary P source function of the littoral zone and the increasing P concentrations in the upper water layer at the beginning of May. This was most probably due to the positive effects of charophytes on particle retention and the negative effects on sediment resuspension. Conversely, the growth of C. demersum can explain P losses from the upper water layer, turning the littoral zone into a temporal P sink during summer. However, most of this P is likely to return to the upper water layer during the decomposition of plant biomass after the growing season. In conclusion, our data indicate that replacement of charophytes by submerged vascular plants can facilitate rapid lake eutrophication due to changes in the feedback loop between submerged vegetation, benthic P retention, epilimnion P availability, water transparency, and MCD. KW - Charophytes KW - Macrophytes KW - Phosphorus budget Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/fwb.70051 SN - 0046-5070 SN - 1365-2427 VL - 70 IS - 5 SP - 1 EP - 11 PB - Wiley CY - Oxford ER - TY - GEN A1 - Giri, Binod Raj A1 - Mai, Tam V.‐T. A1 - Shrestha, Krishna Prasad A1 - Giri, Sushant A1 - Naik, R. Thirumaleswara A1 - Verma, Rakhi A1 - Mauss, Fabian A1 - Huynh, Lam K. T1 - Theoretical kinetic study of NH₂ reactions with dimethyl ether and diethyl ether : implications for kinetic modeling T2 - International journal of chemical kinetics N2 - Ammonia (NH₃) and hydrogen (H₂) have emerged as promising carbon‐free fuels to help mitigate global warming by reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Our ongoing research currently focuses on understanding the combustion characteristics of NH₃ blends with oxygenates and hydrocarbons, uncovering the critical role of carbon–nitrogen cross‐reactions in accurately modeling their combustion behavior. Amino (NH₂) radicals, which are abundant in ammonia and nitrogen‐rich environments, strongly influence the low‐temperature reactivity of NH₃‐hydrocarbon/oxygenate mixtures, affecting overall reactivity and emission characteristics. Recognizing the importance of NH₂ radicals, we investigated the reaction kinetics of NH₂ with dimethyl ether (DME, CH₃OCH₃) and diethyl ether (DEE, CH₃CH₂OCH₂CH₃) using appropriate high‐level ab initio and statistical rate theory methods. We computed the potential energy profiles at the CCSD(T)/cc‐pV(T, Q)Z//M06‐2X/aug‐cc‐pVTZ level of theory, analyzing the reactivity of NH₂ radicals at various C─H sites of these diethers. Incorporating these newly derived rate parameters, our updated kinetic model successfully captures previous experimental data, addressing the modeling challenges encountered in our earlier studies. Our findings, including insights into the impact of NH₂ radicals, contribute to an understanding of ammonia combustion and its potential in achieving carbon‐neutral energy systems. KW - Diethyl ether KW - Dimethyl ether KW - Kinetic modeling KW - NH Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/kin.21779 SN - 0538-8066 SN - 1097-4601 VL - 57 IS - 6 SP - 353 EP - 363 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken, NJ ER - TY - GEN A1 - Laurinavichyute, Veronika K. A1 - Nizamov, Shavkat A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Cyclic voltarefractometry of single TiO₂ nanoparticles in large ensembles in nonaqueous electrolyte T2 - Analytical chemistry N2 - Single nanoparticle (NP) cyclic voltarefractometry (CVR), realized as wide-field surface plasmon resonance microscopy (SPRM) in combination with potential cycling, has been proposed and applied to the in situ study of TiO₂ NPs. Electrochemical activity of TiO₂ is mainly observed outside the electrochemical stability window of water. Therefore, the response of individual anatase (a-TiO₂) and rutile (r-TiO₂) NPs adsorbed on a gold layer was studied in 0.25 M LiClO4 acetonitrile solutions. The use of acetonitrile allows us to exploit a much wider potential window compared to water, while due to the almost identical refractive index (nD = 1.344 and 1.333 for acetonitrile and water, respectively), the conditions of the SPR are not changed. This greatly expands the variety of electrochemical reactions that can be studied by SPR techniques. Cyclic polarization of a-TiO₂ and r-TiO₂ NPs results in pronounced electrochemical and optical responses around −1.55 V and around −1.8 V vs Fc+/Fc, respectively. This specific optoelectrochemical response allows them to be distinguished from other NPs. Based on this difference in characteristic potentials, a mixture of a-TiO₂ and r-TiO₂ NPs can be analyzed by CVR as well. The proposed correction algorithm compensates for the drift in the SPRM background caused by the accompanying formation of insoluble compounds and separates the optical response of the NPs out of the background. The results obtained in the study of this complex system demonstrate the capabilities of the developed analytical method. The CVR can be applied to the quantitative analysis of many other types of NPs in nonaqueous solutions, providing information on the electrochemical properties of each individual particle on the electrode surface. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.4c04181 SN - 0003-2700 SN - 1520-6882 VL - 97 IS - 2 SP - 1160 EP - 1169 PB - American Chemical Society CY - Washington, D.C. ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kaiser, Ulrich A1 - Vehling-Kaiser, Ursula A1 - Kück, Fabian A1 - Gilanschah, Mia A1 - Jung, Friedrich A1 - Jung, Ernst Michael T1 - Super-resolution contrast-enhanced ultrasound examination down to the microvasculature enables quantitative analysis of liver lesions : first results T2 - Life N2 - This article investigates the first use of dynamic microvascularization of liver lesions in clinical evaluation using real-time super-resolution contrast-enhanced ultrasound (SR CEUS). A retrospective analysis of SR CEUS examinations of liver lesions was performed. All examinations were conducted using an SC7-1U convex probe after the bolus injection of the ultrasound contrast agent. Digital cine loops were stored for independent evaluation. The evaluation was performed with respect to parallel measuring lines (the diameter corresponded to the capillary density) in the area of the reference lesion, liver tissue, and liver capsule using statistical analysis. In total, 65 patients (female n = 28; male n = 37; average age 57.8 ± 17.2 years) were evaluated. The examined liver lesions were mostly benign masses ( n = 46). Mild liver fibrosis (stage F1) was present in most cases ( n = 35). The lesions examined were located at an average tissue depth of 6.07 ± 2.47 cm. The highest number of lesion measurements was observed in the malignant lesion group. Significant differences in the measurements were found when comparing benign lesions with the capillary region ( p < 0.001) and normal liver tissue ( p < 0.01). The use of SR CEUS opens up new possibilities for the quantification of neovascularization, assessment of microvascular changes, and evaluation of the follow-up of intrahepatic interventions. KW - contrast agent KW - ultrasonography KW - liver KW - intervention KW - microvascularization Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/life15070991 SN - 2075-1729 VL - 15 IS - 7 SP - 1 EP - 16 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - GEN A1 - Morozova, Iuliia A1 - Obrosov, Aleksei A1 - Naumov, Anton A1 - Michailov, Vesselin A1 - Doynov, Nikolay ED - Markopoulos, Angelos P. ED - Astolfi, Davide T1 - Factors affecting mechanical properties of impulse friction stir welded AA2024-T351 under static and cyclic loads T2 - Machines N2 - This study investigates the factors affecting the mechanical performance of conventional and impulse friction stir welded (FSW and IFSW) AA2024-T351 joints under static and cyclic loading. Emphasis is placed on the influence of fracture-inducing features such as oxide inclusions, constituent particle distributions, crystallographic texture, and precipitation state. A series of IFSW welds produced at varying impulse parameters were compared to conventional FSW welds in terms of microhardness, tensile strength, fatigue life, and Taylor factor distribution. IFSW joints demonstrated a significant improvement in tensile strength and elongation, particularly at higher impulse frequencies. Enhanced material mixing due to the reciprocating tool motion in IFSW resulted in finer particle distribution, more favorable crystallographic texture, and reduced weld pitch, all contributing to increased ductility and strength. Fractographic analyses revealed that fatigue failures primarily initiated in the stir zone, typically at unplasticized metallic inclusions. However, IFSW joints displayed longer fatigue lives, particularly when impulse parameters were optimized. These findings underline the complex interplay of microstructural and textural factors in determining weld performance, highlighting IFSW as a promising technique for enhancing the durability of high-strength aluminum welds. KW - Friction stir welding KW - Al alloy AA2024 KW - Fracture KW - Taylor factor KW - Intermetallic bands Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/machines13060529 SN - 2075-1702 VL - 13 IS - 6 SP - 1 EP - 16 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - GEN A1 - Babel, Christoph A1 - Guru, Mahish A1 - Weiland, Jakob A1 - Bambach, Markus T1 - Area of interest algorithm for surface deflection areas T2 - Journal of intelligent manufacturing N2 - In the automotive industry, the process of deep drawing is used for producing most of the outer surface panels. There, surface defects can occur while stamping the part. This paper proposes an area of interest (AOI) algorithm to filter possible surface deflection areas of finite element method (FEM) simulation results. The FEM is well established in the area of sheet metal forming and has shown accurate results in showing surface defects like waviness and sink marks. These two defect types are also the targeted systematic defects. In these deep drawing simulations, every manufacturing step of the sheet metal is calculated and the resulting stresses and strains are analyzed. The paper presents a newly developed post processing method for detecting surface in-corrections on basis of FEM simulation results. The focus of the method is to be independent of an experts knowledge. It should be able to be used by a wide range of non-expert applicants, unlike other post-processing methods know in today’s literature. A comparison between several machine learning (ML) approaches is made. It is shown, that the developed method outperforms current state of the art approaches in terms of the recall rate. In addition, a contour tree dataset of a FEM simulation in combination with an ML approach can be successfully used to learn a multidimensional relationship between the nodes. KW - Machine learning KW - Graph neural network KW - Finite element method KW - Deep drawing KW - Contour tree Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10845-024-02437-9 SN - 0956-5515 SN - 1572-8145 VL - 36 IS - 6 SP - 3869 EP - 3885 PB - Springer US CY - New York ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nóia-Júnior, Rogério de S. A1 - Stocca, Valentina A1 - Martre, Pierre A1 - Shelia, Vakhtang A1 - Deswarte, Jean-Charles A1 - Cohan, Jean-Pierre A1 - Piquemal, Benoît A1 - Dutertre, Alain A1 - Slafer, Gustavo A. A1 - Zhang, Zhentao A1 - Van Der Velde, Marijn A1 - Kim, Yean-Uk A1 - Webber, Heidi A1 - Ewert, Frank A1 - Palosuo, Taru A1 - Liu, Ke A1 - Harrison, Matthew Tom A1 - Hoogenboom, Gerrit A1 - Asseng, Senthold T1 - Enabling modeling of waterlogging impact on wheat T2 - Field crops research N2 - Most crop simulation models do not consider the effect of waterlogging despite its importance for crop performance. Here, we reviewed the impact of waterlogging during different wheat phenological stages on grain number per unit area, average grain size, and grain yield. Episodes of waterlogging from the onset of tillering to anthesis result in fewer, and during grain filling in lighter grains. To simulate such impacts, we implemented a new waterlogging module into the wheat crop simulation model DSSAT-NWheat, accounting for the effects of waterlogging on wheat root growth, biomass growth, and potential average grain size. The model incorporating the new waterlogging routine was tested using data from a controlled experiment, and it reasonably reproduced wheat yield responses to pre-anthesis waterlogging. A sensitivity analysis showed that the simulated impact of waterlogging on above ground biomass and roots, as well as leaf area index, grain number, and grain yield varied with phenological stages. The simulated crop was most sensitive to pre-anthesis waterlogging, consistent with experimental studies. The new waterlogging-enabled crop model is an initial attempt to consider the impact of excess rainfall and waterlogging on crop growth and final grain yield to reduce model uncertainties when projecting climate change impacts with increasing rainfall intensity. KW - NWheat KW - DSSAT KW - Excess of water KW - Grain number KW - Grain size KW - Wheat crop simulation model Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2025.110090 SN - 0378-4290 VL - 333 SP - 1 EP - 13 PB - Elsevier BV CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kim, Yean-Uk A1 - Ruane, Alex C. A1 - Finger, Robert A1 - Webber, Heidi T1 - Robust assessment of climatic risks to crop production T2 - Nature food Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-025-01168-1 SN - 2662-1355 VL - 6 IS - 5 SP - 415 EP - 416 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC CY - Berlin ; Heidelberg ER - TY - GEN A1 - Webber, H. A1 - Cooke, D. A1 - Wang, C. A1 - Asseng, S. A1 - Martre, P. A1 - Ewert, F. A1 - Kimball, B. A1 - Hoogenboom, G. A1 - Evett, S. A1 - Chanzy, A. A1 - Garrigues, S. A1 - Olioso, A. A1 - Copeland, K.S. A1 - Steiner, J.L. A1 - Cammarano, D. A1 - Chen, Y. A1 - Crépeau, M. A1 - Diamantopoulos, E. A1 - Ferrise, R. A1 - Manceau, L. A1 - Gaiser, T. A1 - Gao, Y. A1 - Gayler, S. A1 - Guarin, J.R. A1 - Hunt, T. A1 - Jégo, G. A1 - Padovan, G. A1 - Pattey, E. A1 - Ripoche, D. A1 - Rodríguez, A. A1 - Ruiz-Ramos, M. A1 - Shelia, V. A1 - Srivastava, A.K. A1 - Supit, I. A1 - Tao, F. A1 - Thorp, K. A1 - Viswanathan, M. A1 - Weber, T. A1 - White, J. T1 - Wheat crop models underestimate drought stress in semi-arid and Mediterranean environments T2 - Field crops research N2 - Under climate change and increasingly extreme weather, projections of water demand and drought stress from process-based crop models can inform risk management and adaptation strategies. Previous studies investigating maize crop models demonstrated considerable error in the simulation of water use, and no similar evaluation of wheat crop models exists. The aims of this study were to (1) evaluate wheat crop models’ performance in reproducing observed daily evapotranspiration (ET) for Mediterranean and semi-arid environments, and (2) identify factors and processes associated with model error and uncertainty. These were assessed with an ensemble of wheat crop models for two experiments, one conducted in Bushland, Texas, USA (three seasons, deficit and full irrigation) and another in Avignon, France (four rainfed seasons) with winter bread and durum wheat, respectively. Models were calibrated with all observed data for crop growth. The model ensemble median underestimated water use in all environments evaluated, suggesting a systematic bias. The relative error in underestimating daily ET was constant across levels of atmospheric evaporative demand; therefore, the absolute error was greater for days with larger evaporative demand. This implies errors in the soil water balance increase more rapidly under high evaporative demand conditions. Using a potential versus reference crop evapotranspiration approach did not explain relative model performance. However, the sensitivity analysis indicated that simulation of atmospheric evaporative demand terms explained much more uncertainty in seasonal water use than terms related to soil depth or root growth. Errors in simulated leaf area index were associated with errors in daily simulated ET, but the relationship varied with the growth stage. Collectively, the results suggest the need to improve simulation of atmospheric ET demand to avoid underestimating projected impacts of drought or required water resource availability for viable production systems. KW - Crop models KW - Evapotranspiration KW - Wheat KW - Drought stress KW - Climate risk Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2025.110032 SN - 0378-4290 VL - 332 SP - 1 EP - 18 PB - Elsevier BV CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Putze, Philipp A1 - Ritschel, Tobias A1 - Chekhonin, Paul A1 - Geck, Jochen A1 - Wolf, Daniel A1 - Popov, Alexey A1 - Büchner, Bernd A1 - Schmidt, Peer A1 - Hampel, Silke T1 - Creating chirality in WSe₂ through screw dislocations by chemical vapor transport T2 - Nanoscale horizons N2 - Screw dislocation-driven nanostructures of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (2D TMDs) can feature chirality that enables prominent asymmetric optical properties. One of the outstanding representatives is WSe₂ as it can exhibit intriguing new size and shape-dependent chemical and physical properties compared to its bulk counterpart. Crystal growth control in nanostructures with screw dislocation-driven growth is central for exploiting their structure-related properties. However, bottom-up syntheses of 2D TMDs usually contain ‘trial and error’ approaches. Here we report on the rational synthesis planning and realizing for the binary system W:Se to achieve chirality in nano-scale crystals by chemical vapor transport (CVT). For that purpose, key parameters were modelled based on thermodynamic datasets. Thus, crystal growth by CVT under addition of SeCl4 succeeds for right-handed spiral nanocrystals from 850 °C to 800 °C with a dwell time of 60 min, while left-handed spirals are obtained from 915 °C to 860 °C. Surface-fused SiO₂ nanoparticles on an Si(100) substrate served as potential nucleation points. Chirality of screwed WSe₂ was unprecedentedly investigated by circular-polarized Raman Spectroscopy and showed an intensity increase of the E¹₂g mode of 29% and 15% for right and left-handed spirals, respectively. Pyramid-like WSe2 analyzed by atomic force microscopy exhibits step heights of around 10 nm. Electron backscatter diffraction patterns reveal a convex curvature for WSe₂ with the curvature radii determined as Rx = (270 ± 32) μm and Ry = (141 ± 9) μm, respectively. KW - Chrystal growth KW - Chemical vapor transport KW - Thermodynamic modeling KW - 2D layered compounds KW - Chalcogenides Y1 - 2025 UR - https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2025/nh/d4nh00567h U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/D4NH00567H VL - 10 IS - 5 SP - 944 EP - 956 PB - Royal Society of Chemistry CY - Cambridge ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mubarak, Faisal Ali A1 - Phung, Gia Ngoc A1 - Arz, Uwe A1 - Haddadi, Kamel A1 - Roch-Jeune, Isabelle A1 - Ducournau, Guillaume A1 - Flisgen, Thomas A1 - Doerner, Ralf A1 - Allal, Djamel A1 - Jayasankar, Divya A1 - Stake, Jan A1 - Schmidt, Robin A1 - Fisher, Gavin A1 - Ridler, Nick M. A1 - Shang, Xiaobang T1 - An interlaboratory comparison of on-wafer S-parameter measurements up to 1.1 THz T2 - IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology N2 - This article reports on an interlaboratory measurement comparison involving on-wafer S-parameter measurements from 10 GHz to 1.1 THz. Seven laboratories are involved, and each participant has measured an individual reference substrate fabricated from a high-resistivity silicon wafer in the same batch. One- and two-port co-planar waveguide (CPW) structures are designed, simulated, and fabricated. The measurements from 10 GHz to 1.1 THz, extending across six frequency bands, are conducted using different equipment in terms of vendors and specifications (e.g., probe pitch size). Despite such differences, this interlaboratory study has shown a generally good agreement between results from different participants when uncertainties are considered. The comparison with simulated reference values demonstrates agreement within 0.08 for |S11| and 2 dB for |S21| measurements of matched devices up to 1.1 THz. The measurement comparison demonstrates the need for a standardized measurement approach and, with that, a potential to achieve accurate on-wafer CPW measurements up to THz frequencies, underpinning the development of integrated circuits for such high frequencies. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/TTHZ.2025.3537461 SN - 2156-3446 SN - 2156-342X VL - 15 IS - 3 SP - 344 EP - 358 PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) CY - New York, NY ER - TY - GEN A1 - Roei, Tulchinsky A1 - Boris, Gilburd A1 - Yehuda, Shovman A1 - Milena, Tocut A1 - Eleanor, Zeruya A1 - Ariel, Binyaminov A1 - Tima, Davidson A1 - Büttner, Thomas A1 - Nasser, Abdullah A1 - Michel, Juliane A1 - Rödiger, Stefan A1 - Schierack, Peter A1 - Howard, Amital A1 - Roggenbuck, Dirk A1 - Yehuda, Shoenfeld A1 - Ora, Shovman T1 - CytoBead ANA 2 assay : a novel method for the detection of antinuclear antibodies T2 - Scientific reports N2 - Detection of anti-nuclear autoantibodies (ANA) is based on a two-step algorithm including indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) on HEp2 cells and subsequent reflex/confirmatory testing for specific autoantibodies. Simultaneous cell- and microbead-based autoantibody detection by IIF may be utilized for the evaluation of systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARDs). In the present study, we assessed the performance of CytoBead ANA 2 in the detection of ANA and ANA-specific autoantibodies, compared to ANA IIF and BioPlex™ 2200. We also tested the ability of CytoBead ANA DFS-70 to identify dense-fine speckled (DFS) pattern associated with anti-DFS70 antibodies in non-SARDs patients. Hundred-twelve routine sera samples were assessed by manual CytoBead ANA 2 for the presence of ANA and specific autoantibodies. In parallel, these samples were analyzed by HEp2 ANA IIF test and a subsequent multiplexed assay BioPlex™ 2200 ANA. Twenty-nine ANA-positive samples obtained from non-SARDs patients and exhibiting DFS pattern by ANA IIF were further tested by CytoBead ANA DFS-70. A substantial agreement was observed between classical ANA IIF and manual CytoBead ANA 2 for the detection of ANA (k = 0.74). Discordant results were mainly associated with the presence of anti-SSA/Ro antibodies detected by CytoBead ANA 2 in ANA IIF negative patients. A good to almost perfect agreement was found between CytoBead ANA 2 and BioPlex™ 2200 for detection of specific antibodies with kappa values ranging from 0.70 to 0.90. Twenty samples (68.9%) obtained from 29 ANA IIF positive without SARDs patients exhibited DFS pattern in CytoBead ANA DFS-70, which confirmed the presence of anti-DFS70 antibodies. The diagnostic performance of manual CytoBead ANA 2 for ANA screening and detection of ANA specific antibodies is comparable to the diagnostic performance of ANA IIF followed by BioPlex™ 2200. This novel one-step assay enables simultaneous ANA screening and confirmation and represents a promising alternative approach to the time-consuming and costly two-tier ANA analysis. KW - Anti-nuclear antibodies KW - Anti-DFS70 antibodies KW - Indirect immunofluorescence KW - Multiplexed assay KW - CytoBead technology Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-04583-3 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 15 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 11 PB - Nature Publishing Group UK CY - London ER - TY - GEN A1 - Putze, Philipp A1 - Wolf, Daniel A1 - Chekhonin, Paul A1 - Popov, Alexey A1 - Ritschel, Tobias A1 - Lubk, Axel A1 - Geck, Jochen A1 - Büchner, Bernd A1 - Schmidt, Peer A1 - Hampel, Silke T1 - Twisted and screw dislocation-driven growth of MoSe₂ nanostructures by chemical vapor transport T2 - Nano research N2 - Twisted multilayers of two-dimensional materials attract widespread research interest due to their intriguing electronic and optical properties related to their chiral symmetry breaking and Moiré effects. The two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide MoSe₂ is a particular promising material for twisted multilayers, capable of sustaining Moiré excitons. Here, we report on a rational bottom-up synthesis approach for twisted MoSe₂ flakes by chemical vapor transport (CVT). Screw dislocation-driven growth was forced by surface-fused SiO₂ nanoparticles on the substrates that serve as potential nucleation points in low supersaturation condition. Thus, crystal growth by in-situ CVT under addition of MoCl₅ leads to bulk 2H-MoSe₂ in a temperature gradient from 900 °C to 820 °C with a dwell time of 96 h. Hexagonally shaped 2H-MoSe₂ flakes were grown from 710 °C to 685 °C with a dwell time of 30 min on SiO₂@Al₂O₃(0001) substrates. Electron backscatter diffraction as well as electron microscopy reveals the screw dislocation-driven growth of triangular 3R-MoSe₂ with individual step heights between 0.9 nm and 2.9 nm on SiO₂@Si(100) under the same conditions. Finally, twisted MoSe₂ flakes exhibiting a twist angle of 19° with respect to the [010] zone axis could be synthesized. KW - Chrystal growth KW - Chemical vapor transport KW - Thermodynamic modeling KW - 2D layered compounds KW - Chalcogenides Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.sciopen.com/article/10.26599/NR.2025.94908020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.26599/NR.2025.94908020 SN - 1998-0000 IS - 18 SP - 1 EP - 23 PB - Tsinghua University Press ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grotrian, Jens T1 - Thinking fast : a bionic approach to soft computing T2 - Soft computing N2 - Evolution has enabled living organisms to respond to sensory input very fast in order to safeguard their chances of survival. This ability is largely based on the classification of perceptions into categories and their collective processing in associative structures. These associative structures, in turn, have a remarkable similarity to the biological neural networks which perform them. The author has chosen this natural way of thinking fast as a model for an innovative bionic approach to soft computing. KW - Empirical logic KW - C- and D-norms KW - Soft computing KW - Approximate reasoning KW - Bio-inspired computing KW - Nature inspired computing KW - Computer-aided decision-making Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00500-025-10619-7 SN - 1432-7643 SN - 1433-7479 VL - 29 IS - 9 SP - 4377 EP - 4399 PB - Springer CY - Berlin ; Heidelberg ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kästner, Karl A1 - Caviedes-Voullième, Daniel A1 - Hinz, Christoph ED - Li, Pan T1 - Formation of spatial vegetation patterns in heterogeneous environments T2 - PLOS One N2 - Functioning of many resource-limited ecosystems is facilitated through spatial patterns. Patterns can indicate ecosystems productivity and resilience, but the interpretation of a pattern requires good understanding of its structure and underlying biophysical processes. Regular patterns are understood to form autogenously through self-organization, for which exogenous heterogeneities are negligible. This has been corroborated by reaction-diffusion models which generate highly regular patterns in idealized homogeneous environments. However, such model-generated patterns are considerably more regular than natural patterns, which indicates that the concept of autogenous pattern formation is incomplete. Models can generate patterns which appear more natural when they incorporate exogenous random spatial heterogeneities (noise), such as microtopography or spatially varying soil properties. However, the mechanism through which noise influences the pattern formation has not been explained so far. Recalling that irregular patterns can form through stochastic processes, we propose that regular patterns can form through stochastic processes as well, where spatial noise is filtered through scale-dependent biophysical feedbacks. First, we demonstrate that the pattern formation in nonlinear reaction-diffusion models is highly sensitive to noise. We then propose simple stochastic processes which can explain why and how random exogenous heterogeneity influences the formation of regular and irregular patterns. Finally, we derive linear filters which reproduce the spatial structure and visual appearance of natural patterns well. Our work contributes to a more holistic understanding of spatial pattern formation in self-organizing ecosystems. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0324181 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 20 IS - 5 SP - 1 EP - 38 PB - Public Library of Science (PLoS) CY - San Francisco, California ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ertugrul, Gökhan A1 - Emdadi, Aliakbar A1 - Härtel, Sebastian ED - MacDonald, Eric W. T1 - Powder production and additive manufacturing of iron aluminide alloys using plasma ultrasonic atomization and laser-directed energy deposition T2 - Additive manufacturing letters N2 - With a combination of desirable properties such as low density, high specific yield strength, low material cost, and excellent oxidation and corrosion resistance, iron aluminide (Fe-Al) has shown considerable potential to be an alternative to high-alloy chromium steels, and in some cases even nickel-based superalloys, in high-temperature applications. Due to these features, it is especially suitable for the aerospace and automotive industries. Recent advancements indicate an increasing interest in Fe-Al within the additive manufacturing industry, particularly in directed energy deposition (DED) processes. Despite this progress, processing of Fe-Al materials using the laser directed energy deposition (L-DED) has not been sufficiently investigated. In this study, Fe-Al powder material was produced from a commercial Al rod encased in a commercial low alloy-steel tube by a plasma-based ultrasonic atomization eliminating the need to cast an alloy ingot in advance. Subsequently, the produced powder was used in a l-DED process to fabricate an additively manufactured sample. The sample was investigated in terms of mechanical property, microstructure, chemical composition, and phase structure by scanning electron microscope (SEM) / energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and microhardness analyses. KW - Iron Aluminides (Fe-Al); Additive Manufacturing; Laser-Directed Energy Deposition (L-DED); Process Chain Plasma Ultrasonic Atomization; Powder; Intermetallic Phase Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addlet.2025.100313 SN - 2772-3690 VL - 14 SP - 1 EP - 9 PB - Elsevier BV CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sahinyan, Korin A1 - Blackburn, Darren M. A1 - Simon, Marie-Michelle A1 - Lazure, Felicia A1 - Kwan, Tony A1 - Wilson, David H. A1 - Vahidyeganeh, Maryam A1 - Alsadi, Nawal A1 - Maltzahn, Julia von A1 - Yamada, Yasuhiro A1 - Jahani-Asl, Arezu A1 - Bourque, Guillaume A1 - Rudnicki, Michael A. A1 - Soleimani, Vahab D. T1 - REST/NRSF Preserves muscle stem cell identity by repressing alternate cell fate T2 - Nature communications N2 - Cell fate and identity require timely activation of lineage-specific and concomitant repression of alternate-lineage genes. How this process is epigenetically encoded remains largely unknown. In skeletal muscle stem cells, the myogenic regulatory factors are well-established drivers of muscle gene activation but less is known about how non-muscle gene repression is achieved. Here, we show that the master epigenetic regulator, Repressor Element 1-Silencing Transcription factor (REST), also known as Neuron-Restrictive Silencer Factor (NRSF), is a key regulator of this process. We show that many non-lineage genes retain permissive chromatin state but are actively repressed by REST. Loss of functional REST in muscle stem cells and progenitors disrupts muscle specific epigenetic and transcriptional signatures, impairs differentiation, and triggers apoptosis in progenitor cells, leading to depletion of the stem cell pool. Consequently, REST-deficient skeletal muscle exhibits impaired regeneration and reduced myofiber growth postnatally. Collectively, our data suggests that REST plays a key role in safeguarding muscle stem cell identity by repressing multiple non-muscle lineage and developmentally regulated genes in adult mice. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-62758-y VL - 16 SP - 1 EP - 22 PB - Springer Nature CY - [London] ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sasakaros, Marios A1 - Becker, Jonte A1 - Wirsum, Manfred A1 - Beirow, Bernd T1 - On the determination of nodal diameter spectrum and mistuning quantification of synchronous blade vbrations through blade-tip-timing measurements T2 - Journal of engineering for gas turbines and power N2 - Synchronous vibrations can severely impact the service life of impellers. Previous studies have demonstrated that mistuning significantly influences the nodal diameter of these vibrations. Mistuned impellers exhibit forced vibration responses comprising multiple nodal diameters, leading to asymmetric vibration expression among the impeller sectors and substantial amplitude overshoots. BTT is a promising technique for monitoring synchronous vibrations due to its non-intrusive nature and capability to monitor all blades simultaneously. This paper presents a novel method for calculating the NDS of synchronous blade vibrations through BTT measurements. The method utilizes the vibration properties, which are estimated via BTT through the Circumferential Fourier Fit method, to reconstruct the blade vibrations. Since the vibration properties of the blades are not determined at the same time, the vibrations are synchronized to acquire the impeller ODS. Subsequently, the NDS is determined by performing DFT analysis on the impeller ODS. Simulated data are used to assess the effect of the vibration sample point on the DFT results and the impact of noise. Based on these results a strategy for the determination of the NDS in a revolution is derived. Next, the method is applied to experimental data acquired from a turbocharger test bench. To investigate the consistency of the proposed method, the results of multiple datasets of the same vibration are presented. In addition, the method is validated by comparing the experimental results with those acquired by forced response simulations. Finally, by employing the experimentally determined impeller ODS and the NDS, mistuning quantification factors are calculated. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4069620 SN - 0742-4795 SP - 1 EP - 15 PB - ASME International CY - New York, NY ER - TY - GEN A1 - Beirow, Bernd A1 - Nakos, Alex A1 - Stecklina, Caroline A1 - Noack, Martin A1 - Firl, Matthias A1 - Sasakaros, Marios T1 - Implementation of intentional mistuning by means of finite element based shape optimization T2 - Journal of engineering for gas turbines and power N2 - Intentional Mistuning has turned out to be an effective measure to alleviate the maximum forced response of bladed wheels in the framework of numerous studies in the past. In particular solutions based on two different blade designs, following e.g. alternating or AABB patterns, have proved to be promising in this regard and moreover robust against the impact of unavoidable random mistuning. Thus, for example, a 40 percent reduction of the first blade bending maximum forced response has been proved experimentally for a turbine impeller of a turbo charger application. Despite this success, the technical implementation of the frequency based mistuning pattern followed an academic solution based on locally removing material at the leading edge tip, which is not suited for the use in serial wheels since it may disturb the flow channel. In addition, the forced response of other blade modes may be affected in a negative manner. In order to overcome these problems, an alternative way of implementing Intentional Mistuning is suggested by applying a marginal geometric modification of the blade thickness distribution to adjust the natural frequency of the first bending mode. Finite element based shape optimization is utilized to this end. Secondary conditions are ensuring that only the target frequency of the first bending mode is adjusted whereas natural frequencies of other modes are kept almost unchanged. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4069624 SN - 0742-4795 SP - 1 EP - 15 PB - ASME International CY - New York ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nakos, Alex A1 - Beirow, Bernd T1 - Comparative experimental determination of mistuning of a bladed turbine wheel using different evaluation approaches T2 - Journal of engineering for gas turbines and power N2 - Random mistuning of integrally manufactured turbine and compressor wheels can lead to severely high magnitudes in blade vibration. In order to be able to calculate the vibration response of bladed wheels correctly the actual mistuning should be quantified most accurately and taken into account e.g. in simulation models. An industry-suited procedure has been introduced by Kühhorn and Beirow [1] which modifies a conventional experimental modal analysis by isolating the blade that is excited and measured from all remaining ones. This enables the often coupled frequency response function peaks to decouple and obtain only one single peak which marks the actual frequency mistuning of the blade. Indeed, the procedure has proved to be accurate if isolated blade mode families are considered. In other cases, blade-disk-coupling can still be a problem and falsify the evaluation. The reason for this is an unfavourable application of the additional masses which most often cannot be avoided and may lead to an inaccurate or even erroneous mistuning value. However, Zhou et al. [2] have developed a novel approach to calculate an error term in order to correct the measured frequency mistuning. In this paper a radial turbine wheel is subjected to the blade frequency tests. The evaluation is carried out by using both, the conventional evaluation of the frequency response function and the novel approach. Finally, the impact and measurement falsification of additional masses when testing a radial turbine wheel is discussed. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4069626 SN - 0742-4795 SP - 1 EP - 13 PB - ASME International CY - New York, NY ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bassal, Amer A1 - Chevtchenko, Serguei A. A1 - Schnieder, Frank A1 - Flisgen, Thomas A1 - Bengtsson, Olof A1 - Brunner, Frank A1 - Hilt, Oliver T1 - Impact of parasitic conductive interfaces on the DC and RF performance of GaN‐on‐GaN HEMTs T2 - Physica status solidi (A). Applications and materials science N2 - Radio frequency (RF) AlGaN/GaN high‐electron‐mobility transistors (HEMTs) on semi‐insulating GaN substrates showed an unexpectedly low output power of ≤1.7 W mm⁻¹ and a power added efficiency (PAE) of ≤15% for Vds = 20 V at 20 GHz, despite their good DC current densities (>1 A mm⁻¹) and minor trapping effects in pulsed characterization, comparable to GaN‐on‐SiC HEMTs. With theoretical calculations of Pout and PAE, and the detailed analysis of transistors and structures, a 1500 Ω/□ parasitic conductive interface (PCI) between the GaN substrate and the epitaxial layers was identified as a root cause. GaN substrates suffer from environmental Si contamination forming such a PCI. It was first detected by eddy current measurements showing that the insulating GaN:Fe buffer and GaN:Mn substrate did not effectively suppress the PCI. Nevertheless, it was effectively isolated by the GaN:Fe buffer to maintain a good DC performance for GaN‐on‐GaN HEMTs and allowing for a record gm‐max of 535 mS mm⁻¹. The S‐parameters confirmed this and indicated that the PCI causes a feed‐back effect, reducing the k‐point and fmax. Furthermore, loading effects were revealed on the ports of the HEMTs due to the PCI's resistive nature, and coplanar waveguide measurements showed 5 dB mm⁻¹ of propagation loss and severe changes in the characteristic impedance. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.202500406 SP - 1 EP - 10 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken, NJ ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kocsis, Timea A1 - de Groot, Arjen A1 - van Beersum, Femke A1 - Boer, Jolinka A1 - Dimmers, Wim A1 - Laros, Ivo A1 - Lammertsma, Dennis A1 - Polling, Marcel A1 - Schnerch, Benjamin T1 - Mixed plant and arthropod biodiversity responses to solar park establishment on former agricultural lands T2 - Journal of applied ecology N2 - Ground‐mounted solar parks in Europe are often implemented in agricultural landscapes on fields with agricultural history. The subsequent decrease in management intensity presents opportunities for biodiversity development, which might especially be interesting for arthropods and their resources, given their ongoing biodiversity losses in agricultural landscapes. While several studies suggest that solar parks have the potential to enhance pollinator biodiversity, impacts on other arthropods remain unclear and there is limited knowledge on how these shifts compare to pre‐conversion biodiversity and the potential of solar parks to contribute to biodiversity conservation. In this study, we used field surveys and insect trapping to compare flower resources, vascular plant diversity, pollinator diversity and soil‐emergent arthropod diversity in Dutch solar parks to previous land use (i.e. intensive agricultural grasslands) and semi‐natural conditions (i.e. extensively managed grasslands). Flower and nectar plant availability, wild bee and hoverfly abundance, but not butterfly abundance, were significantly higher in solar parks than in intensive grasslands. Vascular plant diversity was similar in solar parks and extensive grasslands, and higher than in intensive grasslands. Overall soil‐emergent arthropod richness was similar across all habitat types, yet biomass and abundance were lower in solar parks than in the other habitats. Community composition differed between habitat types across all studied arthropod groups. Synthesis and applications. Our results suggest that while biodiversity can increase in solar parks post‐conversion compared to previous land use, not all taxonomic groups benefit from the land use change. Potential benefits for certain groups (particularly for butterflies and soil‐emergent arthropods) are likely lost due to disturbance during land conversion and solar panel presence. As a result, our study indicates that solar parks have the potential to combine biodiversity conservation on the surfaces not covered by solar panels, but that more insight is needed in the solar park design (e.g. conversion process and row width) and management, particularly to improve butterfly and soil‐emergent arthropod biodiversity. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.70170 SP - 1 EP - 14 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken, NJ ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bapfubusa Niyibizi, Ingrid Aline A1 - Schnerch, Benjamin A1 - Djoudi, El Aziz A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Aphid proliferation in orchard alleys and canopy predator aggregation in eastern German apple orchards T2 - Agricultural and forest entomology N2 - 1. European apple (Malus domestica) orchards face persistent threats from aphid infestations, which can severely compromise fruit yields. 2. In this study, we compared aphid communities in two microhabitats (tree canopy and orchard alley) in commercial apple orchards under organic and integrated pest management (IPM), in relation to aphidophagous predator abundance at three stages of the growing season: early fruit development, fruit maturity and post-harvest. 3. We sampled eight organic and eight IPM apple orchards in eastern Germany using standardised canopy beating of apple trees and suction sampling in the orchard alleys. 4. Our results indicate no significant differences in aphid infestation between organic and IPM orchards, regardless of the sampled microhabitat. However, aphid communities in the tree canopy of organic orchards exhibited greater evenness across species than those of IPM orchards. Eriosoma lanigerum consistently dominated canopy aphid communities across both management systems, highlighting the need for targeted management practices for this pest. Additionally, aphidophagous predator abundance in the tree canopy increased over time and showed a positive association with aphid abundance. Aphid community structure varied significantly across sampling periods and microhabitats. Differences between organic and IPM orchards were observed during the early fruit development phase in orchard alleys, with higher levels of infestation in organic orchards. Aphid taxa such as Macrosiphum euphorbiae, Dysaphis spp., Aphis spiraecola and Rhopalosiphum insertum contributed to these differences. 5. Our findings provide a better understanding of the temporal dynamics of aphid communities in apple orchards in eastern Germany, highlighting the importance of microhabitats and host plant phenology. KW - Aphidoidea KW - Agricultural pest KW - IPM KW - Organic KW - Phenology KW - Species composition Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/afe.12699 SN - 1461-9563 SP - 1 EP - 13 PB - Wiley CY - Hoboken, NJ ER - TY - GEN A1 - Emdadi, Aliakbar A1 - Bolz, Sebastian A1 - Jensch, Felix A1 - Tovar, Michael A1 - Weiß, Sabine T1 - On the hot deformation of a Fe-Al-Ta iron aluminide prepared via laser powder bed fusion T2 - Crystals N2 - In the present work, a combined process of laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) and hot working in terms of microstructure refinement was investigated for Fe-25Al-1.5Ta alloy samples. Uniaxial compression tests were carried out parallel and perpendicular to the building direction (BD) at 1000 °C, where BCC A2-phase was stable, at a strain rate of 0.0013 s−1. The true stress–true strain curves indicated a broad flow stress peak followed by a slight decrease, which is typical for dynamic recrystallization (DRX) of conventional BCC metals such as ferritic iron. A negligible dependence in the flow stress behavior on the compression direction was observed. DRX initiated at a stress of 18.7 MPa for the sample compressed parallel to the BD, corresponding to a true strain of 0.011, and at 18.1 MPa for the samples compressed normal to the BD, which corresponded to a true strain of 0.010. The microstructural investigations by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) showed that the relatively coarse and elongated grains of the as-LPBF builds were significantly refined after hot working. The microstructure of the compressed samples mainly consisted deformed grains. These were fragmented by sub-grains bounded by low-angle boundaries independent of the compression axis, indicating the occurrence of dynamic recovery (DRV) during hot working. In addition, a few equiaxed, small grains were observed in the pre-existing grain boundaries, which formed due to DRX. Most pores in the as-LPBF builds were closed after hot compression, particularly in the central region of the deformed specimens where the compressive stress state is dominant. In summary, hot compression reveals a practical thermomechanical post-processing treatment for Fe-Al-Ta iron aluminides built by LPBF. The hot working refines the epitaxially elongated microstructure of the as-LPBF builds by DRV/DRX and reduces the porosity. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst13040627 SN - 2073-4352 VL - 13 IS - 4 SP - 1 EP - 12 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - GEN A1 - Adam, Jens A1 - Binder, Beate A1 - Brković, Čarna A1 - Wielowiejski, Patrick T1 - Queering Europe : anthropological perspectives in conversation : a text collage T2 - Berliner Blätter : ethnographische und ethnologische Beiträge N2 - Ausgehend von einer Fish-Bowl-Diskussion, die während der Konferenz stattfand, diskutieren wir in unserem Beitrag, was durch ein Denken zwischen gender_queer Theorien und anthropologischer Europäisierungsforschung gewonnen werden kann. Wir argumentieren, dass queeres Denken eine Skepsis gegenüber identitären und normativen Verständnissen von Europa beinhalten muss sowie eine ethnographische Aufmerksamkeit dafür, was in den Lücken und Rissen der Europäisierung auftaucht. Gleichzeitig gilt es im Auge zu behalten, wie Institutionen, die im Namen Europas arbeiten, heterogene Erfahrungen erzeugen, die zu ungleichen und unterschiedlich verteilten, multiplen Europas führen. Insofern korrespondiert dieser Zugang mit post-/dekolonialen Ansätzen in der Anthropologie. Queering Europe oszilliert zwischen einer Aufmerksamkeit für die zentrale Rolle, die Sexualität und Geschlecht in den Imaginarien von Europa spielen, und der Destabilisierung von Vorstellungen von Europa in einem allgemeineren Sinn. Drei Dimensionen dieses analytischen Ansatzes werden diskutiert: Erstens zielt queering Europe darauf ab, hegemoniale Vorstellungen von Europa zu dekonstruieren; zweitens macht es den multiplen und fragmentierten Charakter Europas sowie die ambivalenten und manchmal unvorhersehbaren Konsequenzen sichtbar, die Europäisierungsprozesse mit sich bringen; und drittens kann queering Europe als Möglichkeit gesehen werden, Europa durch die Linse eines „kritischen Utopismus“ (Mbembe 2019) zu betrachten und Solidarität in den Mittelpunkt der Überlegungen zu stellen. In allen drei Dimensionen stellt ethnographisches Arbeiten, das von dekolonialen Kritiken sowie von Vorschlägen zum Queeren von Methoden geprägt ist, das erkenntnistheoretische Werkzeug dar, um tiefere Einblicke in queering Europe als eine Art der Wissensproduktion wie der politischen Vision zu erhalten. KW - Queer Theory, Queer Ethnography, Kritik, Europäisierung, Zukunft, Europa Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.berliner-blaetter.de/index.php/blaetter/article/view/1172/72 UR - https://www.berliner-blaetter.de/index.php/blaetter/article/view/1172 U6 - https://doi.org/10.18452/27982 SN - 2702-2536 VL - 88 SP - 161 EP - 174 PB - BUP - Berlin Universities Publishing CY - Berlin ER - TY - GEN A1 - Molenda, J. A1 - Tobola, J. A1 - Milewska, A. A1 - Budziak, A. A1 - Zając, W. A1 - Wolczko, M. A1 - Dziedzic-Kocurek, K. A1 - Nowak, M. A1 - Kałahurska, K. A1 - Imam, N. A1 - Henkel, K. A1 - Flege, J.I. A1 - Zschech, E. T1 - Unique properties of the electronic structure of alluaudite sodium iron sulfate cathode material and the impact on its electrochemical performance T2 - Acta materialia N2 - This work presents the study of the electronic structure of alluaudite-type Na2.5Fe1.75(SO4)3 and its impact on electrochemical performance as a cathode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). Density functional theory calculations using the KKR-CPA method (Korringa–Kohn–Rostoker combined with the coherent potential approximation) revealed the diverse electrochemical activity of sodium ions occupying different sites within the alluaudite framework. Notably, an unprecedented contribution of sodium atoms to the overall electronic density of states near the Fermi level (dominated by Fe-d and O-p states) was observed – a feature not detected in layered transition metal oxide cathodes. A high-purity Na2.5Fe1.75(SO4)3 cathode material was synthesized via an optimized solid-state route. Using a multi-technique approach – including X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Mössbauer spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy – the evolution of the electronic structure and electrochemical behavior during sodium (de)intercalation was comprehensively characterized, providing deep insights into the sodium storage mechanism. Operando and in situ X-ray diffraction further tracked structural changes during cycling, showing that the material undergoes a reversible amorphization at deep sodium extraction. Electrochemical tests demonstrated stable cycling with minimal capacity fade (only 2.5 % after 300 cycles at C/2), highlighting the high structural integrity and promise of this optimized cathode material. KW - Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) KW - Alluaudite sodium iron sulfate KW - Mechanism of sodium deintercalation/intercalation KW - Crystal structure KW - Electronic structure Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2025.121582 SN - 1359-6454 VL - 301 SP - 1 EP - 17 PB - Elsevier BV CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Adam, Jens A1 - Hänsel, Valeria T1 - After humanitarian reason? : formations of violence, modes of rule and cosmopolitical struggles at the »European Margins« T2 - Movements : Journal for critical migration and border regime studies N2 - Over the last years the EU border regime has undergone a remarkable shift towards political technologies that act in growing disregard towards the suffering and possible death of migrants on their way to Europe. Especially since the EU-Turkey Deal in March 2016 this development has once again drastically deteriorated the situation on the Aegean islands. The ›hotspots‹ have been transformed gradually into open air prisons, in which lives are put on hold, different forms of violence overlap and an enclosed population is exposed to disproportional epidemic risks. Combining perspectives of a political and engaged anthropology as well as of Critical Border and Europeanization Studies this dialogue discusses the shape and effects of processes of spatial fragmentation at the ›margins of Europe‹. What does daily life look like in these politically produced zones of exception in times of COVID-19? How are they linked to the imperial and colonial histories of Europe, on the one hand, as well as to global regimes of controlling mobilities on the other hand? Which political rationalities and modes of governance overlap here? And taking the growing relevance of »necropolitics« in these border regimes into consideration: Should we assume that the era of »humanitarian reason« has come to an end? KW - European border regime, Moria, Humanitarianism, Violence, Cosmopolitics Y1 - 2021 UR - https://movements-journal.org/issues/09.open-call/06.adam,hansel--after-humanitarian-reason.html UR - https://movements-journal.org/issues/09.open-call/06.adam,hansel--after-humanitarian-reason.pdf SN - 2509-8322 SN - 2364-8732 VL - 6 IS - 1 SP - 105 EP - 121 PB - Center for Global Migration Studies (CeMig) CY - Göttingen ER - TY - GEN A1 - Adam, Jens T1 - Perspektive weltwärts : auswärtige Kulturpolitik und das Paradox des Post-Nationalen BT - Griechenland : Fragile Ordnungen und die Politik der Kultur T2 - Jahrbuch für Europäische Ethnologie N2 - Taking recent debates and the dynamics of re-arranging German Foreign Cultural Policy as an example, this paper analyses the relationship between “policy” and “order”. The first section highlights two analytical avenues into these interrelationships that can be formulated with reference to the conceptual and methodological tools of an “Anthropology of Policy”: the examination of entanglements between epistemological orders and policy on the one hand, and of powerful, but simultaneously contested processes of ordering that take place in the course of realizing a policy on the other hand. Drawing on these perspectives, the second section analyses discursive shifts that were observed within the political narratives to legitimize Foreign Cultural Policy since about the turn of the millennium. The emergence and growing relevance of new objectives such as “conflict prevention” exposes a structuring tension between the enduring position of the “national” as an ordering principle and a growing orientation towards the problems and needs of a world that is simultaneously shared and divided. The third section examines the consequences of this tension for the fields linked translocally, in which this policy is put into practice. Based on ethnographic material from Ramallah, Sarajevo and Slovakia, it becomes apparent that the translation of new policy objectives leads to a pluralisation of working modes and organizational formats. In other words, processes of ordering within this policy do not proceed linearly and directly controlled by a political centre, but rather in ways that are intertwined and polarized in different directions. The final section takes up the suggestion of using an ethnographic analysis of a single policy as an entry point to explore more fundamental transformation processes. With reference to Saskia Sassen, a “paradox of the post-national” is identified, which becomes apparent in the depicted attempts to overcome the “national” as the ordering principle of this policy, its epistemological as well as its infrastructural arrangements. T2 - Perspective worldwards : foreign cultural policy and the paradox of the post-national Y1 - 2021 SN - 9783657704750 U6 - https://doi.org/10.30965/9783657704750_011 SN - 1868-131X VL - 15 SP - 209 EP - 231 PB - Brill, Ferdinand Schöningh CY - Paderborn ER - TY - GEN A1 - Adam, Jens A1 - Hess, Sabine T1 - Fortified nationalism : racializing infrastructures and the authoritarian transformation of the body politic : a field trip to the bifurcated Polish/EU border regime T2 - Movements : Journal for critical migration and border regime studies N2 - In this paper, we take the shifting position of »Ukrainians« within the political and imaginary European space since the full Russian invasion and EU’s activation of the »temporary protection directive« as an entry point to examine how the relation between the border, »race« and »Europeanness« is currently reaffirmed in the consolidation of a bifurcated European border regime. Against the backdrop of a research trip to the Polish-Belarusian border zone, we argue that the massive fortification of the EU external borders needs to be read not only as a »deterrence regime« directed outwards but in relation to its »internalizing effects« and in conjunction with the ongoing authoritarian transformation of European politics and societies. We examine the fortified border spectacle as racializing infrastructures and trace the emergence of a new spatio-moral regime we call »fortified nationalism« which is directed at reconstituting the body politic as a morally purified, white Christian nation. KW - Border fortification, Racialization, Authoritarian transformation, Poland, Bifurcated border regime Y1 - 2023 UR - https://movements-journal.org/issues/11.ukraine/05.adam,hess--fortified-nationalism.pdf UR - https://movements-journal.org/issues/11.ukraine/05.adam,hess--fortified-nationalism.html SN - 2509-8322 SN - 2364-8732 VL - 7 IS - 2 SP - 65 EP - 91 PB - Center for Global Migration Studies (CeMig) CY - Göttingen ER - TY - GEN A1 - Adam, Jens A1 - Steinhauer, Hagen A1 - Randeria, Shalini T1 - Von Differenzlinien und moralischen Mehrheiten : majoritäre Identitätspolitiken als soft-autoritäre Herrschaftspraxis T2 - Polylog : Zeitschrift für interkulturelles Philosophieren N2 - This article examines the role of majoritarian identity politics in soft authoritarian attacks on democracy. Drawing on examples from France and Poland, we argue that in their struggle for cultural and political hegemony, right-wing actors use strategies like the demonisation of emancipatory politics, the problematization of difference and self-victimisation of »racial« or ethnoreligious majorities. Highlighting three political buzzwords (namely séparatisme, islamo-gauchisme and wokisme), our first case study traces shifts in French public discourse towards a conjunction and normalization of islamophobe, racist and anti-intellectual stances. Ethnographic observations about recent anti-LGBT discourses and restrictive border policies in Poland showcase the mobilization of political affects to transform the body politic into an exclusive identarian moral community. We close the article with a pledge to take seriously current attempts to redefine Europe as a closed formation with a fixed essence and stable identity. KW - Soft authoritarianism, Majoritarian identity politics, Moral community, Migration and border regimes, Political affects, Discourse analysis, Ethnography Y1 - 2022 UR - https://polylog.net/fileadmin/docs/polylog/48/thema_Adam_Steinhauer_Randeira.pdf UR - https://polylog.net/heft/polylog-48 VL - 48 SP - 15 EP - 39 PB - Wiener Gesellschaft für interkulturelle Philosophie CY - Wien ER - TY - GEN A1 - Adam, Jens T1 - Heimat verlernen? : Perspektiven für eine postnationalstaatliche Kulturpolitik T2 - Jahrbuch für Kulturpolitik Y1 - 2020 SN - 978-3-8394-4491-7 U6 - https://doi.org/10.14361/9783839444917-017 SN - 2703-0539 VL - 2019/2020 SP - 125 EP - 136 PB - transcript CY - Bielefeld ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Bonhage, Alexander A1 - Bauriegel, Albrecht A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Gypser, Stella T1 - The occurrence, soil parameters and genesis of rubified soils (‘Fuchserden’) of northeastern Germany T2 - Catena Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2018.11.039 SN - 0008-7769 SN - 1872-6887 VL - 175 SP - 77 EP - 92 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Veldkamp, Edzo A1 - Schmidt, Marcus A1 - Markwitz, Christian A1 - Beule, Lukas A1 - Beuschel, René A1 - Biertümpfel, Andrea A1 - Bischel, Xenia A1 - Duan, Xiaohong A1 - Gerjets, Rowena A1 - Göbel, Leonie A1 - Graß, Rüdiger A1 - Guerra, Victor A1 - Heinlein, Florian A1 - Komainda, Martin A1 - Langhof, Maren A1 - Luo, Jie A1 - Potthoff, Martin A1 - Ramshorst, Justus G. V. van A1 - Rudolf, Carolin A1 - Seserman, Diana-Maria A1 - Shao, Guodong A1 - Siebicke, Lukas A1 - Svoboda, Nikolai A1 - Swieter, Anita A1 - Carminati, Andrea A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Graf, Torsten A1 - Greef, Jörg M. A1 - Isselstein, Johannes A1 - Jansen, Martin A1 - Karlovsky, Petr A1 - Knohl, Alexander A1 - Lamersdorf, Norbert A1 - Priesack, Eckart A1 - Wachendorf, Christine A1 - Wachendorf, Michael A1 - Corre, Marife D. T1 - Multifunctionality of temperate alley-cropping agroforestry outperforms open cropland and grassland T2 - Communications Earth & Environment N2 - AbstractIntensively managed open croplands are highly productive but often have deleterious environmental impacts. Temperate agroforestry potentially improves ecosystem functions, although comprehensive analysis is lacking. Here, we measured primary data on 47 indicators of seven ecosystem functions in croplands and 16 indicators of four ecosystem functions in grasslands to assess how alley-cropping agroforestry performs compared to open cropland and grassland. Carbon sequestration, habitat for soil biological activity, and wind erosion resistance improved for cropland agroforestry (P ≤ 0.03) whereas only carbon sequestration improved for grassland agroforestry (P < 0.01). In cropland agroforestry, soil nutrient cycling, soil greenhouse gas abatement, and water regulation did not improve, due to customary high fertilization rates. Alley-cropping agroforestry increased multifunctionality, compared to open croplands. To ameliorate the environmental benefits of agroforestry, more efficient use of nutrients is required. Financial incentives should focus on conversion of open croplands to alley-cropping agroforestry and incorporate fertilizer management. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-023-00680-1 SN - 2662-4435 VL - 4 IS - 1 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spröte, Roland A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Wiehe, Wolfgang A1 - Lange, Philipp A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Biological topsoil crusts at early successional stages on Quaternary substrates dumped by mining in Brandenburg, NE Germany T2 - Geomorphologie: relief, processus, environnement N2 - The influence of biological soil crusts in natural ecosystems on structures and processes is well investigated. However, in South-Brandenburg (Germany), it is possible to study the development of biological soil crusts (BSC) during initial ecosystem genesis on two artificial water catchments with well-known ages and under differing starting conditions. The two experimental sites are located in the recultivation area of the lignite open-cast mining district of southern Brandenburg with a distance of approximately 1 km between them. Two different topographies were constructed at the experimental sites: the experimental plot at the catchment Neuer Lugteich was shaped like a dune, whereas the artificial water catchment Hühnerwasser was modelled as an inclined slope. The catchment Neuer Lugteich is four years older than Hühnerwasser. The original substrate at Neuer Lugteich is more sandy and carbonate-free compared to the original substrate dumped at Hühnerwasser. At both sites geomorphological differentiation and crust development were compared and the importance of substrate-dependent water availability and crust type clarified. Once settled, the crusts influenced the water regime of the soils by delaying infiltration through enhanced water repellency, and by limiting water infiltration. Chlorophyll analysis revealed that all crusts were at early stages of development. At Neuer Lugteich, the establishment of the biological soil crusts was closely associated with the vegetation succession, whereas no clear succession of the crusts could be observed at Hühnerwasser. The mosaic-like pattern of the biological soils crusts is associated with the distribution of fine-grained material here.zeige weniger Y1 - 2010 UR - http://geomorphologie.revues.org/8083 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4000/geomorphologie.8083 SN - 1957-777X VL - 16 IS - 4 SP - 359 EP - 370 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dümig, Alexander A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Hagedorn, Frank A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Lange, Philipp A1 - Spröte, Roland A1 - Kögel-Knabner, Ingrid T1 - Organic matter from biological soil crusts induces the initial formation of sandy temperate soils T2 - Catena N2 - Different development stages of algae-dominated and moss-dominated biological soil crusts (BSCs) were sampled on a natural sand dune (b17 years old) and on an experimental sand dune (b8 years old) along a catena, including gradients of vegetation cover, location on the slope, as well as composition and thickness of BSC organisms in northeastern Germany. The accumulation of BSC-derived organic carbon (OC)was determined for bulk materials and fractions less than 63 μm. The OC composition was characterized by solid-state 13C NMR spectroscopy and the carbohydrate-C signature. 14C contents were determined to assess the origin and dynamics of OC. From the radiocarbon contents, two OC pools were differentiated: recent BSC-derived and lignite-derived “old” OC. Downward movement of OC into the underlying substratewas found only undermoss-dominated BSCs at the old sand dune. BSC-derived OC was mainly composed of carbohydrate-C and, to a lesser extent, alkyl C and N-alkyl C, with considerably higher contributions of alkyl C in the young dune, indicating differences in the composition of extracellular polymeric substances produced by the BSCs with age. This is consistent with higher proportions of water-soluble OC of moss-dominated BSCs at the old dune, which is leached in the underlying substrate and initiates soil formation. Because of the channeling effect of mosses, OC depth translocation along with suspended colloidal substances contribute to OC accumulation in substrates. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2014.06.011 VL - 122 SP - 196 EP - 208 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Spröte, Roland A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Forman, Steven L. A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Late Quaternary aeloian dynamics, pedostratigraphy and soil formation in the North European Lowlands - new findings from the Baruther ice-marginal valley T2 - Die Erde N2 - The formation of dunes in central Europe reflects ample sediment supply during the last deglacial hemicycle. A Quaternary inland dune complex in southern Brandenburg, Germany, was studied to frame the duration of pedogenesis in two outcrops containing buried paleosols. An integrative approach, which combined geomorphological, sedimentological, pedological and chronological methods was used to identify aeolian deposition events, ensuing pedogenesis and anthropogenic remobilization. At the outcrops, which were situated approximately 2 km apart from each other, a total of twelve samples of the aeolian sands were dated using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and a further six samples using 14C dating. Although the dunes have similar morphological features, these forms have a different history of aeolian sand deposition and pedogenesis. At the older dune (Gl 1) the surface soil is a well developed Podzol, whereas soil development of the younger dune (Gl 2) is clearly in an initial state. The studied sites of the dune complex also differ in grain size distribution and in the presence of buried soils, thereby indicating a climatic impact on aeolian remobilization. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.12854/erde-148-30 SN - 0013-9998 VL - 148 IS - 1 SP - 58 EP - 73 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Leopold, Matthias A1 - Dethier, David A1 - Völkel, Jörg A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Combining sediment analysis and seismic refraction to describe the structure, thickness and distribution of periglacial slope deposits at Niwot Ridge, Rocky Mountains Front Range, Colorado, USA T2 - Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1127/0372-8854/2008/0052S2-0077 VL - 52 IS - 2 SP - 77 EP - 94 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dilly, Oliver A1 - Franke, G. A1 - Nii-Annang, Seth A1 - Weber, K. A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Zyakun, Anatoly A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Soil respiratory indicators including carbon isotope characteristics in response to copper T2 - Geomicrobiology Journal Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/01490450802402992 SN - 1521-0529 VL - 25 IS - 7-8 SP - 390 EP - 395 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Porada, Philipp A1 - Bader, Maaike Y. A1 - Berdugo, Monica B. A1 - Colesie, Claudia A1 - Ellis, Christopher J. A1 - Giordani, Paolo A1 - Herzschuh, Ulrike A1 - Ma, Yunyao A1 - Launiainen, Samuli A1 - Nascimbene, Juri A1 - Petersen, Imke A1 - Raggio Quílez, José A1 - Rodríguez-Caballero, Emilio A1 - Rousk, Kathrin A1 - Sancho, Leopoldo G. A1 - Scheidegger, Christoph A1 - Seitz, Steffen A1 - Van Stan, John T. A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Weber, Bettina A1 - Weston, David J. T1 - A research agenda for non-vascular photoautotrophs under climate change T2 - New Phytologist N2 - Non-vascular photoautotrophs (NVP), including bryophytes, lichens, terrestrial algae, and cyanobacteria, are increasingly recognized as being essential to ecosystem functioning in many regions of the world. Current research suggests that climate change may pose a substantial threat to NVP, but it is highly uncertain to what extent this will affect the associated ecosystem functions and services. Here, we propose a research agenda to address this urgent question, focusing on physiological and ecological processes that link NVP to ecosystem functions while also taking into account the substantial taxonomic diversity across multiple ecosystem types. Accordingly, we developed a new categorization scheme, based on microclimatic gradients, which simplifies the high physiological and morphological diversity of NVP and worldwide distribution with respect to several broad habitat types. We found that habitat-specific ecosystem functions of NVP will likely be substantially affected by climate change, and more quantitative process understanding is required on (1) potential for acclimation (2) response to elevated CO2 (3) role of the microbiome and (4) feedback to (micro)climate. We suggest an integrative approach of innovative, multi-method laboratory and field experiments and eco-physiological modelling, for which sustained scientific collaboration on NVP research will be essential. KW - biocrusts KW - climate change KW - ecosystem services KW - epiphytes KW - functional traits KW - lichens and bryophytes KW - model–data integration KW - nonvascular vegetation Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.18631 SN - 0028-646X SN - 1469-8137 VL - 237 (2023) IS - 5 SP - 1495 EP - 1504 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Pohle, Ina A1 - Maurer, Thomas A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Hinz, Christoph A1 - Badorreck, Annika T1 - Water Balance Dynamics during Ten Years of Ecological Development at Chicken Creek Catchment T2 - Vadose Zone Journal N2 - Difficulties in quantitatively closing the water balance of catchments arise when upscaling point measurements and from insufficient knowledge of the physical boundaries, inner structure, and storage volumes of natural catchments. In addition, there is a strong need for generalizing the relationship between catchment characteristics and hydrological response. Therefore, experimental catchments with well-known boundaries and conditions could contribute valuable data to hydrological and critical zone research. One of the most well-established and largest constructed catchments is the Chicken Creek catchment (6 ha including a pond, Brandenburg, Germany) representing an initial ecosystem undergoing highly dynamic ecological development starting from clearly defined starting conditions. Directly after completion of the construction, extensive monitoring equipment was installed to track the ecosystem development and to capture the spatiotemporal variability of meteorological, hydrological, ecological, and soil conditions and vegetation succession. In this study, we focused on the water balance dynamics of the Chicken Creek catchment for the period 2005 to 2015 as influenced by ecological development. Water storage in the catchment was calculated from a three-dimensional model of groundwater volumes, soil moisture measurements, and water level recordings of the pond. The catchment water balance equation was resolved for evapotranspiration, the only part that was not measured directly. Time series of meteorological, hydrological, and ecological data for 10 yr enabled us to characterize the transient development of the catchment and to evaluate the effect of different feedback mechanisms on catchment hydrology. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2017.04.0074 SN - 1539-1663 VL - 16 IS - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ulrich, Werner A1 - Zaplata, Markus K. A1 - Winter, Susanne A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Fischer, Anton A1 - Soliveres, Santiago A1 - Gotelli, Nicholas J. T1 - Species interactions and random dispersal rather than habitat filtering drive community assembly during early plant succession T2 - Oikos N2 - Theory on plant succession predicts a temporal increase in the complexity of spatial community structure and of competitive interactions: initially random occurrences of early colonising species shift towards spatially and competitively structured plant associations in later successional stages. Here we use long-term data on early plant succession in a German post mining area to disentangle the importance of random colonisation, habitat filtering, and competition on the temporal and spatial development of plant community structure. We used species co-occurrence analysis and a recently developed method for assessing competitive strength and hierarchies (transitive versus intransitive competitive orders) in multispecies communities. We found that species turnover decreased through time within interaction neighbourhoods, but increased through time outside interaction neighbourhoods. Successional change did not lead to modular community structure. After accounting for species richness effects, the strength of competitive interactions and the proportion of transitive competitive hierarchies increased through time. Although effects of habitat filtering were weak, random colonization and subsequent competitive interactions had strong effects on community structure. Because competitive strength and transitivity were poorly correlated with soil characteristics, there was little evidence for context dependent competitive strength associated with intransitive competitive hierarchies. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/oik.02658 VL - 125 IS - 5 SP - 698 EP - 707 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Badorreck, Annika A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Hinz, Christoph A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Das Hühnerwasser-Einzugsgebiet in SO-Brandenburg im Übergang von einem abiotischen zu einem biotisch kontrollierten Wasserhaushalt T2 - Hydrologie und Wasserbewirtschaftung N2 - Das Hühnerwasser-Einzugsgebiet ist ein 6 ha großes, künstlich geschaffenes Wassereinzugsgebiet im Tagebau Welzow-Süd in Südost-Brandenburg. Das Zweischichtsystem mit einer Ton- und einer darüber liegenden Sandschicht wurde im Jahr 2005 fertiggestellt und ohne weitere Rekultivierungsmaßnahmen für Forschungszwecke bereitgestellt. Es lässt exemplarisch die Untersuchung der initialen Landschaftsgenese zu. Insbesondere die Entwicklung von einem zunächst noch abiotisch kontrollierten hin zu einem biotisch gesteuerten System lässt sich hier beobachten. In diesem Beitrag werden beispielhaft einige in diesem Kontext aufgetretene Interaktionen zwischen abiotischen und biotischen Strukturelementen vorgestellt. Dies sind zum einen Erosions- und Sedimentationsprozesse und ihre Wechselwirkungen mit der Vegetation. Zum anderen wird der Einfluss der Vegetation auf die Grundwasserentwicklung dargestellt. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5675/HyWa_2018,3_1 SN - 0012-0235 SN - 1439-1783 VL - 62 IS - 3 SP - 134 EP - 144 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Zaplata, Markus K. A1 - Hinz, Christoph T1 - A Critical Zone Observatory for detecting ecosystem transition: the constructed catchment Chicken Creek (Germany) T2 - Procedia Earth and Planetary Science N2 - The constructed catchment Chicken Creek was established in 2005 as an experimental landscape laboratory for ecosystem research. The 6 ha area with clearly defined horizontal as well as vertical boundary conditions was left for natural primary succession. All Critical Zone elements are represented at this site, which allows the study of most processes occurring at the interface of bio-, pedo-, geo- and hydrosphere. It provides outstanding opportunities for investigating interactions and feedbacks between different co-evolving compartments. The catchment has been extensively instrumented since 2005. Data are recorded with a high spatial and temporal resolution and include hydrological, geomorphological, pedological, limnological as well as biological parameters in order to detect transition states of the ecosystem. In contrast to other Critical Zone Observatories, this site offers the unique situation of an early stage ecosystem with highly dynamic properties. The first years of development were characterized by a fast formation of geomorphological structures due to massive erosion of the initially non-vegetated surface. Hydrological processes led to the establishment of a local groundwater body within 5 years. In the following years the influence of biological structures like vegetation patterns gained increasing importance. Feedbacks between developing vegetation and e.g. hydrological features became more and more apparent. As a result, different phases of ecosystem development have been distinguished. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeps.2014.08.009 VL - 10 SP - 46 EP - 51 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ulrich, Werner A1 - Piwczynski, Marcin A1 - Zaplata, Markus K. A1 - Winter, Susanne A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Fischer, Anton T1 - Soil conditions and phylogenetic relatedness influence total community trait space during early plant succession T2 - Journal of Plant Ecology N2 - The total space of traits covered by the members of plant communities is an important parameter of ecosystem functioning and complexity. We trace the variability of trait space during early plant succession and ask how trait space co-varies with phylogenetic community structure and soil conditions. Particularly, we are interested in the small-scale variability in trait space and the influence of biotic and abiotic filters. We use data on species richness and soil conditions from the first 7 years of initial succession of an artificial catchment in north-eastern Germany. Total functional attribute diversity serves as a proxy to total trait space. Total trait space steadily increased during succession. We observed high small-scale variability in total trait space that was positively correlated with species richness and phylogenetic segregation and negatively correlated with total plant cover. Trait space increased with soil carbonate content, while pH and the fraction of sandy material behaved indifferently. Our results indicate that during early succession, habitat filtering processes gain importance leading to a lesser increase in trait space than expected from the increase in species richness alone. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtt048 VL - 7 IS - 4 SP - 321 EP - 329 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Kögel-Knabner, Ingrid A1 - Schulin, Rainer A1 - Hinz, Christoph A1 - Subke, Jens-Arne T1 - Ecosystems in transition: interactions and feedbacks with an amphasis on the initial development T2 - Biogeosciences N2 - In this Special Issue of Biogeosciences on “Ecosystems in transition: Interactions and feedbacks with an emphasis on the initial development”, we bring together research on ecosystems undergoing state transitions, including artificially created and naturally formed sites, most of them in an initial stage of development. State transitions of an ecosystem may occur either when a formerly stable system state is disturbed or when a developing system gradually achieves new functions during succession. This special issue presents a collection of observational and experimental studies that focus on processes occurring during state transitions in the development of ecosystems and provide insights into the feedback mechanisms controlling them. These state transitions are studied at multiple scales, ranging from the pore scale to the catchment scale. The contributions collected in this issue can be divided into two main groups: (i) studies dealing with state transition occurring in initial ecosystems without active human interference, and (ii) studies dealing with active restoration of ecosystems after severe disturbances. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/doi:10.5194/bg-11-195-2014 VL - 11 SP - 195 EP - 200 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Elmer, Michael A1 - Fischer, Anton A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Nenov, Rossen A1 - Pretzsch, Hans A1 - Seifert, Stefan A1 - Winter, Susanne A1 - Zaplata, Markus K. T1 - Monitoring the formation of structures and patterns during initial development of an artificial catchment T2 - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment N2 - The objective of this paper is to present observations, results from monitoring measurements, and preliminary conclusions about the development of patterns and structures during the first 5 years of development of an artificial catchment starting from point zero. We discuss the high relevance of initial system traits and external events for the system development and draw conclusions for further research. These investigations as part of a Collaborative Research Center, aim to disentangle and understand the feedback mechanisms and interrelationships of processes and their co-development with spatial and temporal structures and patterns by studying an initial, probably less complex ecosystem. Therefore, intensive measurements were carried out in the catchment with regard to the development of surface structures, hydrological patterns, vegetation dynamics, water chemistry, and element budgets. During the first 5 years, considerable changes within the catchment were observed. Both internal and external factors could be identified as driving forces for the formation of structures and patterns in the artificial catchment. Initial structures formed by the construction process and initial substrate characteristics were decisive for the distribution and flow of water. External factors like episodic events triggered erosion and dissection during this initial phase, promoted by the low vegetation cover, and the unconsolidated sandy substrate. The transformation of the initial geosystem into areas with evolving terrestrial or aquatic characteristics and from a very episodic to a more permanent stream network and discharge, together with the observed vegetation dynamics increased site diversity and heterogeneity with respect to water and nutrient availability and transformation processes compared with the more homogenous conditions at point zero. The processes and feedback mechanisms in the initial development of a new landscape may deviate in rates, intensity, and dominance from those known from mature ecosystems. It is therefore crucial to understand these early phases of ecosystem development and to disentangle the increasingly complex interactions between the evolving terrestrial and aquatic, biotic, and abiotic compartments of the system. Long-term monitoring of initial ecosystems may provide important data and parameters on processes and the crucial role of spatial and temporal structures and patterns to solve these problems. Artificially created catchments could be a suitable tool to study these initial developments at the landscape scale under known, designed, and defined boundary conditions. KW - ecosystem development Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-012-2998-x SN - 0167-6369 VL - Vol. 185 IS - 7 SP - 5965 EP - 5986 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Fischer, Anton A1 - Gerke, Horst H. A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Grünewald, Uwe A1 - Holländer, Hartmut M. A1 - Kögel-Knabner, Ingrid A1 - Mutz, Michael A1 - Schloter, Michael A1 - Schulin, Rainer A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Winter, Susanne A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Patterns and processes of initial terrestrial-ecosystem development T2 - Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science N2 - Ecosystems are characterized as complex systems with abiotic and biotic processes interacting between the various components that have evolved over long-term periods. Most ecosystem studies so far have been carried out in mature systems. Only limited knowledge exists on the very initial phase of ecosystem development. Concepts on the development of ecosystems are often based on assumptions and extrapolations with respect to structure–process interactions in the initial stage. To characterize the effect of this initial phase on structure and functioning of ecosystems in later stages, it is necessary to disentangle the close interaction of spatial and temporal patterns of ecosystem structural assemblages with processes of ecosystem development. The study of initial, less complex systems could help to better identify and characterize coupled patterns and processes. This paper gives an overview of concepts for the initial development of different ecosystem compartments and identifies open questions and research gaps. The artificial catchment site “Chicken Creek” is introduced as a new research approach to investigate these patterns and processes of initial ecosystem development under defined boundary conditions. This approach allows to integrate the relevant processes with related pattern and structure development over temporal and spatial scales and to derive thresholds and stages in state and functioning of ecosystems at the catchment level. KW - soils KW - pedogenesis KW - vegetation succession KW - microbial succession KW - artificial catchment Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.201000158 SN - 1522-2624 VL - 174 IS - 2 SP - 229 EP - 239 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mazur, Kai A1 - Schoenheinz, Dagmar A1 - Biemelt, Detlef A1 - Schaaf, D. A1 - Grünewald, Uwe T1 - Observation of hydrological processes and structures in the artificial Chicken Creek catchment T2 - Physics and Chemistry of the Earth Y1 - 2011 SN - 1873-5193 VL - 36 IS - 1-4 SP - 74 EP - 86 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Dew formation on the surface of biological soil crusts in central European sand ecosystems T2 - Biogeosciences discussions N2 - Dew formation was investigated in three developmental stages of biological soil crusts (BSC), which were collected along a catena of an inland dune and in the initial substrate. The Penman equation, which was developed for saturated surfaces, was modified for unsaturated surfaces and used for prediction of dewfall rates. The levels of surface saturation required for this approach were predicted using the water retention functions and the thicknesses of the BSCs. During a single event, dewfall increased with crust development from 0.08 kg m−2 for the initial substrate to 0.10, 0.20 and 0.25 kg m−2 for crusts stages 1 to 3, respectively, which was well reflected by the model response. The suggested mechanism of dew formation involves a delay in water saturation in near-surface soil pores and EPS where the crusts were thicker and where the water capacity was high, resulting in elevated vapor flux towards the surface. The results also indicate that the amount of dewfall was too low to observe water flow into deeper soil. Analysis of the soil water retention curves revealed that, despite the sandy mineral matrix, moist crusts with clogged by swollen EPS pores exhibited a clay-like behavior. It is hypothesized that BSCs gain double benefit from suppressing their competitors by runoff generation and from improving their water supply by dew collection. Despite higher amounts of dew, the water availability to the crust community decreases with crust development, which may be compensated by ecophysiological adaptation of crust organisms, and which may further suppress higher vegetation or mosses. Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/bgd-9-8075-2012 VL - 9 SP - 8075 EP - 8092 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dimitrova, Tsvetelina A1 - Repmann, Frank A1 - Freese, Dirk T1 - Degradation of ferrocyanide by natural isolated bacteria T2 - International Journal of Phytoremediation N2 - This study aims at investigating the iron cyanide (CN) degradation potential of two natural bacterial isolates with the purpose of their application in iron CN phytoremediation. The strains were isolated from contaminated soil and incubated over 4 months with 50mg L⁻¹CN (as ferrocyanide) as the sole iron and nitrogen source. Unlike previous reports, the study provides control for bacterial growth, biotic and abiotic CN losses. Bacterial growth, CN, ammonium, and nitrate concentrations were monitored regularly. Both strains grew less rapid with iron CN compared with the positive control. However, the growth was diauxic. The CN concentration in the media decreased with 20% and 25% respectively, while that in the sterile controls remained stable. Ammonium was detected in the media of both strains implying that a fraction of the initially applied ferrocyanide has been converted. The nitrogen lost from the system evened out with that in the cells at the end of the experiments. These results showed that the investigated strains were undoubtedly able to grow on iron CN as an alternative nitrogen source, but contrary to some previous findings, the iron CN utilization is much slower and takes place only after complete exhaustion of the cellular nitrogen reserves. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/15226514.2019.1633996 SN - 1549-7879 SN - 1522-6514 VL - 22 IS - 1 SP - 20 EP - 28 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Biemelt, Detlef A1 - Fischer, Anton A1 - Winter, Susanne A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - The artificial catchment "Chicken Creek" (Lusatia, Germany) - A landscape laboratory for interdisciplinary studies of initial ecosystem development T2 - Ecological Engineering Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2009.09.003 SN - 0925-8574 VL - 35 IS - 12 SP - 1786 EP - 1796 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zyakun, Anatoly A1 - Nii-Annang, Seth A1 - Franke, Gabriele A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Buegger, Franz A1 - Dilly, Oliver T1 - Microbial Actvity and 13C/12C Ratio as Evidence of N-Hexadecane and N-Hexadecanoic Acid Biodegradation in Agricultural and Forest Soils T2 - Geomicrobiology Journal N2 - The dynamics of microbial degradation of exogenous contaminants, n-hexadecane and its primary microbial oxidized metabolite, n-hexadecanoic (palmitic) acid, was studied for topsoils, under agricultural management and beech forest on the basis the changes in O2 uptake, CO2 evolution and its associated microbial and non-microbial carbon isotopic signature, the respiratory quotient (RQ) and the priming effect (PE) of substrates. Soil microbial communities in agricultural soil responded to the n-hexadecane addition more rapidly compared to those of forest soil, with lag-periods of about 23 ± 10 and 68 ± 13 hours, respectively. Insignificant difference in the lag-period duration was detected for agricultural (tlag = 30 ± 13 h) and forest (tlag = 30 ± 14 h) soils treated with n-hexadecanoic (palmitic) acid. These results demonstrate that the soil microbiota differed in metabolic activities for using n-hexadecane as a reductive hydrocarbon and n-hexadecanoic acid as a partly oxidized hydrocarbon. The corresponding δ13C of respired CO2 after the addition of the hydrocarbon contaminants to soils indicates a shift in microbial activity towards the consumption of exogenous substrates with a more complete degradation of n-hexadecane in the agricultural soil, for which some initial contents of hydrocarbons are inherent. It was reflected in the carbon isotope signature of microbial biomass. It is supposed that the observed deviation of RQ from theoretically calculated value under microbial substrate mineralization is determined by difference in the time (Δti) of registration of CO2 production and O2 consumption. Positive priming effect (PE) of n-hexadecane and negative PE of n-hexadecanoic (palmitic) acid were detected in agricultural and forest soils. It is suggested that positive PE of n-hexadecane is conditioned by the induction of microbial enzymes that perform hydroxylation/oxygenation of stable SOM compounds mineralized by soil microbiota to CO2. The microbial metabolism coupled with oxidative decarboxylation of n-hexadecanoic acid is considered as one of the most probable causes of the revealed negative PE value. Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/01490451.2010.489922 SN - 1521-0529 VL - 28 IS - 7 SP - 632 EP - 647 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Felde, Vincent John Martin Noah Linus A1 - Warren, Steven D. A1 - Pietrasiak, Nicole T1 - Editorial: Ecological Development and Functioning of Biological Soil Crusts After Natural and Human Disturbances T2 - Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution N2 - In recent years, the importance of soil health for ecosystem functions has come further into the scientific focus (Lehmann et al., 2020). Especially after severe ecosystem disturbances, soil formation has to start anew. Such disturbances, which reset ecosystem development to the starting point, can be of natural (volcanoes, mobile sand dunes, floods, glaciers) (La Farge et al., 2013; Lan et al., 2014) or human origin (post-mining landscapes, military training areas, agricultural lands) (Belnap et al., 2007; Schaaf et al., 2011). In these young ecosystems, the interactions between the initial colonizers, the inorganic matter, and the subsequent biogeochemical processes are an important prerequisite for the development of elemental fluxes, soil genesis, and thus for further ecosystem development. Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2021.713584/full U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2021.713584 SN - 2296-701X VL - 9 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Gypser, Stella A1 - Subbotina, Maria A1 - Veste, Maik T1 - Synergic hydraulic and nutritional feedback mechanisms control surface patchiness of biological soil crusts on tertiary sands at a post-mining site T2 - Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics N2 - In a recultivation area located in Brandenburg, Germany, five types of biocrusts (initial BSC1, developed BSC2 and BSC3, mosses, lichens) and non-crusted mineral substrate were sampled on tertiary sand deposited in 1985- 1986 to investigate hydrologic interactions between crust patches. Crust biomass was lowest in the non-crusted substrate, increased to the initial BSC1 and peaked in the developed BSC2, BSC3, the lichens and the mosses. Water infiltration was highest on the substrate, and decreased to BSC2, BSC1 and BSC3. Non-metric multidimensional scaling revealed that the lichens and BSC3 were associated with water soluble nutrients and with pyrite weathering products, thus representing a high nutrient low hydraulic feedback mode. The mosses and BSC2 represented a low nutrient high hydraulic feedback mode. These feedback mechanisms were considered as synergic, consisting of run-off generating (low hydraulic) and run-on receiving (high hydraulic) BSC patches. Three scenarios for BSC succession were proposed. (1) Initial BSCs sealed the surface until they reached a successional stage (represented by BSC1) from which the development into either of the feedback modes was triggered, (2) initial heterogeneities of the mineral substrate controlled the development of the feedback mode, and (3) complex interactions between lichens and mosses occurred at later stages of system development. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2478/johh-2014-0038 SN - 0042-790X VL - 62 IS - 4 SP - 293 EP - 302 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Boldt-Burisch, Katja A1 - Naeth, M. Anne T1 - Phosphogypsum significantly alters root growth and fungal colonization of smooth brome and sheep fescue on a reclamation site T2 - Rhizosphere N2 - Phosphogypsum (PG) is a by-product of phosphate fertilizer production. This study is the first to investigate Bromis inermis and Festuca ovina root morphology and colonization with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and dark septate endophytes (DSE) in pure PG and PG with a soil cap (soil). Root length density was significantly lower for plants on PG than on soil and both plant species were colonized with AMF and DSE, with lower frequency and intensity in PG. Phosphorus (20 times), calcium (35 times) and sulphur (50 times) were significantly higher in PG than in soil; resulting higher root tissue concentrations were significantly negatively correlated with mycorrhizal colonization for Festuca but not Bromus. Higher fungal colonization of Bromus, especially with DSE known to be prevalent in extreme environments, may be responsible for its better performance on PG relative to Festuca. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rhisph.2018.12.003 SN - 2452-2198 VL - 9 SP - 106 EP - 109 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sut-Lohmann, Magdalena A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Repmann, Frank A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Dimitrova, Tsvetelina T1 - Feasibility of field portable near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy to determine cyanide concentrations in soil T2 - Water, Air and Soil Pollution N2 - Vicinities of manufactured gas plants were often contaminated with solid iron–cyanide complexes as a result of the coal gasification process. During the remediation of affected soils, knowledge about contaminant concentrations is crucial, but laboratory methods are often expensive and time consuming. Rapid and non-destructive field methods for contaminant determination permit an analysis of large sample numbers and hence, facilitate identification of ‘hot spots’ of contamination. Diffuse near infrared reflectance spectroscopy has proven to be a reliable analytical tool in soil investigation. In order to determine the feasibility of a Polychromix Handheld Field Portable Near-Infrared Analyzer (FP NIR), various sample preparation methods were examined, including homogenizing, sieving, drying, and grinding. Partial least squares calibration models were developed to determine near infrared (NIR) spectral responses to the cyanide concentration in the soil samples. As a control, the contaminant concentration was determined using conventional flow injection analysis. The experiments revealed that portable near-infrared spectrometers could be a reliable device for detecting cyanide concentrations >2,400 mgkg−1 in the field and >1,750 mgkg−1 after sample preparation in the laboratory.We found that portable NIR spectrometry cannot replace traditional laboratory analyses due to high limits of detection, but that it could be used for identification of contamination ‘hot spots’. Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-012-1298-y SN - 1573-2932 VL - 223 IS - 8 SP - 5495 EP - 5504 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gypser, Stella A1 - Schütze, Elisabeth A1 - Freese, Dirk T1 - Crystallization of single and binary iron- and aluminum hydroxides affect phosporus desorption T2 - Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science N2 - In acidic soils, phosphorus availability is affected by its strong affinity for mineral surfaces, especially Fe- and Al-hydroxides. Plant roots have developed adaptive strategies to enhance the availability of phosphorus, including producing and exuding low molecular weight organic acids with a high affinity for phosphorus that competes with high molecular weight organic ligands formed during humification and mineralization. The aim of this study was to characterize the kinetics and mechanism of phosphorus desorption from Fe- and Al-hydroxides of variable crystallinity, as well as binary Fe:Al-hydroxide mixtures. Long-term desorption experiments (56 days) were conducted with CaCl₂, CaSO₄, citric acid, and humic acid as competitive sorptives. CaCl₂ and CaSO₄ were selected as general inorganic sorptives and citric and humic acids were selected as organic ligands produced by organisms in the rhizosphere or following humification. The cumulative phosphorus desorption increased following the order CaCl₂< CaSO₄< humic acid < citric acid. Amorphous ferrihydrite and Fe-rich Fe:Al-hydroxides exhibited much less desorption when exposed to inorganic solutions than the crystalline and Al-rich Fe:Al-hydroxide mixtures. Models of the desorption data suggest phosphorus desorption with citric acid is diffusion- controlled for ferrihydrite and Fe-rich amorphous Fe:Al-hydroxides. When humic acid was the sorptive, metal-organic complexes accumulated in the solution. The results suggest organic compounds, especially citric acid, are more important for liberating phosphorus from Fe- and Al-minerals than inorganic ions present in the soil solution. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.201700543 SN - 1522-2624 VL - 182 IS - 5 SP - 741 EP - 750 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Plieninger, Tobias A1 - Balösius, Eva A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Die deutsche Agrarwirtschaft: Lokale Probleme, globale Forschungsfragen T2 - GAiA Y1 - 2008 SN - 0940-5550 VL - 17 IS - 3 SP - 295 EP - 297 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Boldt-Burisch, Katja A1 - Naeth, M. Anne A1 - Schneider, Bernd Uwe A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Linkage between root systems of three pioneer plant species and soil nitrogen during early reclamation of a mine site in Lusatia, Germany T2 - Restoration Ecology N2 - In 2005, a 7-ha artificial watershed (Chicken Creek) was built on a post mined landscape in Lusatia, Germany from sandy substrates of Pleistocene origin, commonly used in reclamation. The watershed was developed to investigate the initial phase of soil and ecosystem development under natural conditions. At this early stage, mineral nitrogen in young sandy soils is primarily limited and nitrogen fixing legumes become key components of natural succession. Local abundant pioneering legumes Lotus corniculatus and Trifolium arvense and one pioneer grass species Calamagrostis epigeios were investigated 5 years after watershed construction. In this study, we investigated the influence of spatial root and nodule distribution of these species on soil nitrogen accumulation. Soil, including roots, was sampled from field monoliths covered with the aforementioned plant species. Root systems of both legumes were mainly restricted to the upper 20 cm of soil, whereas roots of C. epigeios also developed strongly at greater depths. A positive relationship was found, with higher plant densities associated with higher root densities which were associated with higher nodule densities for legumes and which were all associated with significantly higher soil nitrogen content relative to non-vegetated areas. This research provides rare information on the role root systems of pioneer legumes play in soil nitrogen input in the early stage of soil and ecosystem development during revegetation by natural succession. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.12190 SN - 1526-100X VL - 23 IS - 4 SP - 357 EP - 365 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Elmer, Michael A1 - Fischer, Anton A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Nenov, Rossen A1 - Pretzsch, Hans A1 - Zaplata, Markus K. T1 - Feedbacks between vegetation, surface structures and hydrology during initial development of the artificial catchment 'Chicken Creek' T2 - Procedia Environmental Sciences N2 - Our investigations at the artificial catchment ´Chicken Creek´ in Lusatia/Germany aim to disentangle and understand the feedback mechanisms and interrelationships of processes and their co-development with spatial and temporal structures and patterns by studying this initial, probably less complex ecosystem. Intensive measurements were carried out in the catchment with regard to the development of surface structures, hydrological patterns, and vegetation dynamics. During the first seven years, considerable changes within the catchment were observed. Both internal and external factors could be identified as driving forces for the formation of structures and patterns in the artificial catchment. Initial structures formed by the construction process and initial substrate characteristics were decisive for the distribution and flow of water. External factors like episodic events triggered erosion and dissection during this initial phase, promoted by the low vegetation cover and the unconsolidated sandy substrate. The transformation of the initial geo-system into areas with evolving terrestrial or aquatic characteristics and from a very episodic to a more permanent stream network and discharge, together with the observed vegetation dynamics increased site diversity and heterogeneity with respect to water and nutrient availability and transformation processes compared to the more homogenous conditions at point zero. The processes and feedback mechanisms in the initial development of a new landscape may deviate in rates, intensity and dominance from those known from mature ecosystems. It is therefore crucial to understand these early phases of ecosystem development and to disentangle the increasingly complex interactions between the evolving terrestrial and aquatic, biotic and abiotic compartments of the system. Artificially created catchments could be a suitable tool to study these initial developments at the landscape scale under known, designed and defined boundary conditions. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2013.06.010 SN - 1878-0296 VL - 19 SP - 86 EP - 95 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Badorreck, Annika A1 - Gerke, Horst H. A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Effects of Ground-Dwelling Beetle Burrows on Infiltration Patterns and Pore Structure of Initial Soil Surfaces T2 - Vadose Zone Journal Y1 - 2012 SN - 1539-1663 VL - 11 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gypser, Stella A1 - Freese, Dirk T1 - Phosphorus release from vivianite and hydroxyapatite by organic and inorganic compounds T2 - Pedosphere N2 - Based on recent mining rates and the exhaustion of global phosphorus (P) reserves, there is a need to mobilize P already stored in soils, and its recovery from secondary resources such as Ca- and Fe-phosphates is important. The Ca-phosphate hydroxyapatite forms a good fertilizer source, while vivianite is formed in waterlogged soils and sediments. During sludge treatment, the formation of vivianite has been identified, being mainly Fe-phosphate. Long-term P release from both hydroxyapatite and vivianite was studied using different inorganic (CaCl2 and CaSO4) and organic (citric and humic acid) reagents during batch experiments. Reagents CaCl2 and CaSO4 represent the soil solution, while citric and humic acids as organic constituents affect P availability in the rhizosphere and during the process of humification. Additionally, the flow-through reactor (FTR) technique with an infinite sink was used to study the long-term P release kinetics. The cumulative P release was higher by organic acids than by inorganic compounds. The cumulative P release rates were higher in the FTR with CaCl2 as compared to the batch technique. The infinite sink application caused a continuously high concentration gradient between the solid and liquid phases, leading to higher desorption rates as compared to the batch technique. The predominant amount of the total P released over time was available for a short term. While inorganic anion exchange occurred at easily available binding sites, organic acids affected the more heavily available binding sites, which could be embedded within the mineral structure. The results showed that organic compounds, especially citric acid, play a superior role as compared to the inorganic constituents of the soil solution during the recovery of already stored P from the tertiary phosphates vivianite and hydroxyapatite. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1002-0160(20)60004-2 SN - 1002-0160 VL - 30 IS - 2 SP - 190 EP - 200 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Leopold, Matthias A1 - Dethier, David A1 - Völkel, Jörg A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Rikert, Tyler Corson A1 - Caine, Nel T1 - Using Geophysical Methods to Study the Shallow Subsurface of a Sensitive Alpine Environment, Niwat Ridge, Colorado Front Range, U.S.A. T2 - Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1657/1523-0430(06-124)[LEOPOLD]2.0.CO;2 SN - 1938-4246 VL - 40 IS - 3 SP - 519 EP - 530 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dilly, Oliver A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Top-down and Europe-wide versus bottom-up and intra-regional identification of key issues for sustainability impact assessment T2 - Environmental Science & Policy Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2009.09.002 SN - 1462-9011 VL - 12 IS - 8 SP - 1168 EP - 1176 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gypser, Stella A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Schleicher, Anja M. A1 - Freese, Dirk T1 - Impact of crystalline and amorphous iron- and aluminum hydroxides on mechanisms of phosphate adsorption and desorption T2 - Journal of Environmental Sciences Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2017.12.001 VL - 70 SP - 175 EP - 189 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sut-Lohmann, Magdalena A1 - Repmann, Frank A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Stability of Prussian Blue in Soils of a Former Manufactured Gas Plant Site T2 - Soil and Sediment Contamination N2 - Soil contamination with iron-cyanide complexes is a common problem at former manufactured gas plant (MGP) sites. Dissolution of the cyanide, from Prussian Blue (ferric ferrocyanide), creates an environmental hazard, whereas the risk of groundwater contamination depends on the stability of dissolved iron–cyanide complexes. Lack of a standard leaching method to determine the water-soluble (plant-available) cyanide fraction generates potential limitations for implementing remediation strategies like phytoremediation. Applicability of neutral solution extraction to determine the water-soluble cyanide fraction and the stability of Prussian Blue in surface and near-surface soils of an MGP site in Cottbus, undersaturated and unsaturated water conditions, was studied in column leaching and batch extraction experiments. MGP soils used in the long-term tests varied according to the pH (5.0–7.7) and the total cyanide content (40–1718 mg kg−1). Column leaching, after four months of percolation, still yielded effluent concentrations exceeding the German drinking water limit (> 50 μg L−1) and the solubility of Prussian Blue reported in the literature (< 1 mg L−1) from both alkaline and acidic soils. Long-term (1344 h) extraction of MGP soils with distilled water was sufficient to dissolve 97% of the total cyanide from the slightly alkaline soils and up to 78% from the acidic soils. Both experiments revealed that dissolution of ferric ferrocyanide under circum-neutral pH and oxic water conditions is a function of time, where the released amount is dependent on the soil pH and total cyanide content. Unexpectedly high and continuous solubility of Prussian Blue, both in acidic and slightly alkaline MGP soils, implies the need to introduce an additional cyanide fraction (“readily soluble fraction”) to improve and specify cyanide leaching methods. Long-term extraction of cyanide-contaminated soil in neutral solution seems to be a promising approach to evaluate the potential hazard of groundwater pollution at the MGP sites. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/15320383.2014.839626 SN - 1549-7887 VL - 23 IS - 5 SP - 504 EP - 522 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sut-Lohmann, Magdalena A1 - Repmann, Frank A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Retardation of iron-cyanide complexes in the soil of a former manufactured gas plant site T2 - Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A N2 - The soil in the vicinities of former Manufactured Gas Plant (MGP) sites is commonly contaminated with iron-cyanide complexes (ferric ferrocyanide). The phenomenon of cyanide mobility in soil, according to the literature, is mainly governed by the dissolution and precipitation of ferric ferrocyanide, which is only slightly soluble (<1 mg L¡1) under acidic conditions. In this paper, retention properties of the sandy loam soil and the potential vertical movement of the solid iron-cyanide complexes, co-existing with the dissolution, sorption and precipitation reactions were investigated. Preliminary research conducted on a former MGP site implied colloidal transport of ferric ferricyanide from the initial deposition in the wastes layer towards the sandy loam material (secondary accumulation), which possibly retarded the mobility of cyanide (CN). A series of batch and column experiments were applied in order to investigate the retardation of iron-cyanide complexes by the sandy loam soil. Batch experiments revealed that in circumneutral pH conditions sandy loam material decreases the potassium ferro- and ferricyanide concentration. In column experiments a minor reduction in CN concentration was observed prior to addition of iron sulfide (FeS) layer, which induced the formation of the Prussian blue colloids in circumneutral pH conditions. Precipitated solid iron-cyanide complexes were mechanically filtered by the coherent structure of the investigated soil. Additionally, the reduction of the CN concentration of the percolation solutions by the sandy loam soil was presumably induced due to the formation of potassium manganese iron-cyanide (K2Mn[Fe(CN)6]). Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/10934529.2015.981116 SN - 1532-4117 SN - 1093-4529 VL - 50 IS - 3 SP - 282 EP - 291 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sut-Lohmann, Magdalena A1 - Boldt-Burisch, Katja A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Possible evidence for contribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in phytoremediation of iron–cyanide (Fe–CN) complexes T2 - Ecotoxicology N2 - Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are integral functioning parts of plant root systems and are widely recognized for enhancing contaminants uptake and metabolism on severely disturbed sites. However, the patterns of their influence on the phytoremediation of iron–cyanide (Fe–CN) complexes are unknown. Fe–CN complexes are of great common interest, as iron is one of the most abundant element in soil and water. Effect of ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) roots inoculation, using mycorrhizal fungi (Rhizophagus irregularis and a mixture of R. irregularis, Funneliformis mosseae, Rhizophagus aggregatus, and Claroideoglomus etunicatum), on iron–cyanide sorption was studied. Results indicated significantly higher colonization of R. irregularis than the mixture of AMF species on ryegrass roots. Series of batch experiments using potassium hexacyanoferrate (II) solutions, in varying concentrations revealed significantly higher reduction of total CN and free CN content in the mycorrhizal roots, indicating greater cyanide decrease in the treatment inoculated with R. irregularis. Our study is a first indication of the possible positive contribution of AM fungi on the phytoremediation of iron–cyanide complexes. Y1 - 2016 UR - http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10646-016-1678-y U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-016-1678-y SN - 1573-3017 VL - 25 IS - 6 SP - 1260 EP - 1269 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dimitrova, Tsvetelina A1 - Repmann, Frank A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Freese, Dirk T1 - Uptake of ferrocyanide in willow and poplar trees in a long term greenhouse experiment T2 - Ecotoxicology N2 - Phytoremediation of sites contaminated with iron cyanides can be performed using poplar and willow trees. Poplar and willow trees were grown in potting substrate spiked with ferrocyanide concentrations of up to 2,000 mg kg-1 for 4 and 8 weeks respectively. Soil solution and leaf tissue of different age were sampled for total cyanide analysis every week. Chlorophyll content in the leaves was determined to quantify cyanide toxicity. Results showed that cyanide in the soil solution of spiked soils differed between treatments and on weekly basis and ranged from 0.5 to 1,200 mg l-1. The maximum cyanide content in willow and poplar leaves was 518 mg kg-1 fresh weight (FW) and 148 mg kg-1 FW respectively. Cyanide accumulated in the leaves increased linearly with increasing cyanide concentration in the soil solution. On the long term, significantly more cyanide was accumulated in old leaf tissue than in young tissue. Chlorophyll content in poplar decreased linearly with increasing cyanide in the soil solution and in leaf tissue, and over time. The inhibitory concentration (IC50) value for poplars after 4 weeks of exposure was 173 mg l-1 and for willow after 8 weeks of exposure—768 mg l-1. Results show that willows tolerate much more cyanide and over a longer period than poplars, making them very appropriate for remediating sites highly contaminated with iron cyanides. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-014-1398-0 SN - 1573-3017 VL - 24 IS - 3 SP - 510 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sut-Lohmann, Magdalena A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Repmann, Frank A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Long-Term Release of Iron-Cyanide Complexes from the Soil of a Manufactured Gas Plant Site T2 - Journal of Environmental Protection N2 - Iron-cyanide (Fe-CN) complexes have been detected at Manufactured Gas Plant sites (MGP) worldwide. The risk of groundwater contamination depends mainly on the dissolution of ferric ferrocyanide. In order to design effective reme- diation strategies, it is relevant to understand the contaminant’s fate and transport in soil, and to quantify and mathe- matically model a release rate. The release of iron-cyanide complexes from four contaminated soils, originating from the former MGP in Cottbus, has been studied by using a column experiment. Results indicated that long-term cyanide (CN) release is governed by two phases: one readily dissolved and one strongly fixed. Different isotherm and kinetic equations were used to investigate the driving mechanisms for the ferric ferrocyanide release. Applying the isotherm equations assumed an approach by which two phases were separate in time, whereas the multiple first order equation considered simultaneous occurrence of both cyanide pools. Results indicated varying CN release rates according to the phase and soil. According to isotherm and kinetic models, the long-term iron cyanide release from the MGP soils is a complex phenomenon driven by various mechanisms parallely involving desorption, diffusion and transport processes. Phase I (rapid release) is presumably mainly constrained by the transport process of readily dissolved iron-cyanide complexes combined with desorption of CN bound to reactive heterogeneous surfaces that are in direct contact with the aqueous phase (outer-sphere complexation). Phase II (limited rate) is presumably driven by the diffusion controlled processes involving dissolution of precipitated ferric ferrocyanide from the mineral or inner-sphere complexation of fer- ricyanides. CN release rates in phase I and II were mainly influenced by the pH, organic matter (OM) and the total CN content. The cyanide release rates increased with increasing pH, decreased with low initial CN concentration and were retarded by the increase in OM content. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4236/jep.2013.411A2002 SN - 2152-2219 VL - 4 IS - 11B SP - 8 EP - 19 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rodionov, Andrei A1 - Nii-Annang, Seth A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Gattinger, Andreas A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Cross-linked polyacrylates in post-mining substrates: persistence and effects on plant growth T2 - Soil Use and Management N2 - Application of hydrophilic polymers composed of cross-linked polyacrylate can improve soil water-holding capacity and accelerate the restoration of post-mining substrates. In this work, we studied the persistence of a polyacrylate polymer incorporated into a soil and its impact on plant nutrients at a reclamation site of former lignite mining in Lusatia (Germany). In contrast to autumn application, the incorporation of the polymer enhanced the sequestration of plant-derived carbon in the soil, which was reflected by a significant increase in the concentration of a lignin marker. Attenuated total reflexion–Fourier transform infrared spectra (ATR-FTIR) and total elemental contents in the applied polymer suggested an intensive cation exchange between the polymer framework and the soil-forming substrate. In addition, there was an enrichment of carbonaceous material, which seems to reduce the swelling and thus the water-holding capacity of the cross-linked polyacrylate. Conversely, this process protected the polymer structure from rapid decomposition. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/sum.12103 SN - 1475-2743 VL - 30 IS - 1 SP - 78 EP - 87 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rodionov, Andrei A1 - Nii-Annang, Seth A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Trimborn, Manfred A1 - Schillem, Steffi A1 - Schneider, Bernd Uwe A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Impacts of Soil Additives on Crop Yield and C-Sequestration in Post Mine Substrates of Lusatia, Germany T2 - Pedosphere Y1 - 2012 SN - 1002-0160 VL - 22 IS - 3 SP - 343 EP - 350 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krümmelbein, Julia A1 - Horn, Rainer A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Soil physical parameters of a recently established agricultural recultivation site after brown coal mining in Eastern Germany T2 - Soil & Tillage Research N2 - Our study deals with agricultural recultivation of open cast brown coal mining areas in Lusatia, Eastern Germany. In this region the largest brown coal (lignite) mining area of Germany is located. Lignite mining activities lead to major disturbances of the landscape. Recultivation efforts attempt to regenerate mining areas for agricultural land use options. The geological “parent” material is of saaleian origin, has a sandy texture and was excavated from several meters depths before mining and is now used for recultivating the excavated area. Consequently, it is free of recent soil organic carbon. The substrate itself is unstructured. The partly wet or dry substrate is subjected to strong mechanical stresses during the excavation, deposition, refilling and levelling processes throughout the year. This practice leads to more or less compacted soils/substrates which may result in small yields of agricultural crops. In this context we investigate the effect of different organic soil additives in combination with different recultivation crop rotations on the development of soil structure for improved agricultural land use. Our experimental site has been heaped up and levelled off in 2006 and 2007. On each of the 24 experimental sub areas undisturbed soil samples have been taken to characterise the substrates according to their mechanical and hydraulic parameters and to determine the scattering of these parameters on a site that is assumed to be recultivated as homogenously as possible. First results of our ongoing experimental study indicate that the soil physical properties such as texture, bulk density, precompression stress, air permeability and saturated hydraulic conductivity are not identical on each of the 24 subplots. The soil physical properties behave differently in relation to each other. E.g. we found a negative correlation between bulk density (∼1.35–∼1.90 g/cm3) and precompression stress (∼30–70 kPa) and no decisive interrelation between bulk density and air permeability or saturated hydraulic conductivity. Y1 - 2010 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167198710001443 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2010.08.006 SN - 0167-1987 VL - 111 IS - 1 SP - 19 EP - 25 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Hürkamp, Kerstin A1 - Völkel, Jörg T1 - Stratigraphy and chronology of late Quaternary floodplain sediments in a historic mining area, Vils River Valley, East Bavaria, Germany T2 - Physical Geography N2 - Analysis of 288 percussion drillings from depths of up to seven meters and a 120 m long excavated section provide new and detailed information on the Late Quaternary to Late Holocene floodplain evolution from the most important Central European iron-mining region of the 15th century. The generalized sequence of the Vils River floodplain is built of five units representing facies of different genesis (rock/saprolite, gravel, sand, loam, peat) that are identified by physical, chemical, and mineralogical parameters (grain size, clast shape, and content, TOC, bulk mineralogy). Along the 87 km length of the valley, different units/facies are found at the Upper Vils River (UVR 1-5) and at the Lower Vils River (LVR 1-4b). In both river sections, fine-grained material (flood loam) forms the major part (up to 4 m) of the alluvial sequence. 29 age determinations (24 14C, 4 IRSL, 1 tree-ring analysis) show increasing accumulation of flood loam in the last millennium. The data correlate with the beginning of mining at the Vils River and hence suggest a causal connection with mining activities in the catchment—both on the slopes and in the floodplain—with intense deposition of flood loams. Y1 - 2010 UR - http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.2747/0272-3646.31.4.357 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2747/0272-3646.31.4.357 SN - 1930-0557 SN - 0272-3646 VL - 31 IS - 4 SP - 357 EP - 384 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Gerke, Horst H. A1 - Maurer, Thomas T1 - 3D initial sediment distribution and quantification of mass balances of an artificially-created hydrological catchment based on DEMs from aerial photographs using GOCAD T2 - Physics and Chemistry of the Earth Y1 - 2011 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1474706510000380 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2010.03.023 SN - 1474-7065 VL - 36 IS - 1-4 SP - 87 EP - 100 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kayatz, Benjamin A1 - Baroni, Gabriele A1 - Hillier, Jon A1 - Lüdtke, Stefan A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Wattenbach, Martin T1 - Supporting decision-making in agricultural water management under data scarcity using global datasets – chances, limits and potential improvements T2 - Agricultural Water Management N2 - Assessing alternative agricultural water management strategies requires long-term field trials or vast data collection for model calibration and simulation. This work aims to assess whether an uncalibrated agro-hydrological model using global input datasets for climate, soil and crop information can serve as a decision support tool for crop water management under data scarcity. This study employs the Cool Farm Tool Water (CFTW) at eight eddy covariance sites of the FLUXNET2015 dataset. CFTW is tested using global (CFTWglobal) and local (CFTWlocal) input datasets under current and alternative management scenarios. Results show that the use of global datasets for estimating daily evapotranspiration had little effect on the median Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) (CFTWglobal: 1.70 mm, CFTWlocal: 1.79 mm), while, however, the median model bias is much greater (CFTWglobal: 18.6%, CFTWlocal: 4.3%). Furthermore, the periods of water stress were little affected by the use of local or global data (median accuracy: 0.84), whereas the use of global data inputs led to a significant overestimation of irrigation water requirements (median difference: 110 mm). The model performance improves predominantly through the use of more representative local precipitation data, followed by local reference evapotranspiration and soil for some European growing seasons. We identify model outputs that can support decision-making when relying on global data, such as periods of water stress and the daily dynamics of water use. However, our findings also emphasize the difficulty of overcoming data scarcity in decision-making in agricultural water management. Furthermore, we provide recommendations for enhancing model performance and thus may increase the accessibility of reliable decision support tools in the future. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2024.108803 SN - 0378-3774 VL - 296 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hashar, Mohammad Rafiul A1 - Nasrin, Shamima A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Veste, Maik T1 - Study of phosphorus status and sorption properties in reclaimed lignite mine soils under different age stands of Robinia pseudoacacia L. in Welzow, Germany T2 - Land Degradation & Development N2 - AbstractDue to the open‐cast mining activities, a large area in the Lusatian region in eastern Germany was left unproductive. Robinia pseudoacacia L. was planted within different ages in that large area as a short rotation coppice for woody biomass cultivation as well as to increase soil nutrients by increasing plant phosphorous (P) availability, accumulating organic matter input and biological nitrogen fixation. In this experiment, soil chemical analysis has been done to investigate the improvement and status of P in the mining soil depending on the ages of plantation (16, 17, 18, and 27 years old) of Robinia pseudoacacia L. The results show a higher P sorption in the oldest site, and the average P sorption capacity (PSC) obtained in the oldest site was 21.0 mmol Kg−1, which was 3–4 times higher than the youngest site. However, all the values were very low compared with the optimum plant growth level, and low P desorption indicates a low level of plant‐available P in the soil. The lower sorption properties with the small amount of oxalate iron (Feox) and oxalate aluminum (Alox) indicate the general P deficiency in the soil. However, a comparison from a previous study on the same experimental areas shows that not much improvement has occurred in soil P, and the change in soil P dynamics is very low. Nevertheless, the improvement of the values with increasing ages of Robinia pseudoacacia L. indicates that further improvement may be expected in soil nutrients with time. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.5214 SN - 1085-3278 PB - Wiley ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pohl, Lydia A1 - Maurischat, Philipp A1 - Schiedung, Marcus A1 - Weber, Tobias K. D. A1 - Winkler, Pauline T1 - Editorial: Soil science challenges - An interdisciplinary overview of current and future topics T2 - Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science N2 - This editorial was written by early career scientists in soil science and gives an overview of the articles published in the special issue “Soil Science Challenges—An Interdisciplinary Overview of Current and Future Topics” on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science. A broad range of articles addressing soil carbon dynamics from the microscale to landscape scale, multi-dimensional modeling, improved land management practices, nutrient cycles, soil hydrology, plastic in soils, and interdisciplinarity of soil science is covered in this issue. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/jpln.202200396 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.202200396 SN - 1522-2624 VL - 185 IS - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nii-Annang, Seth A1 - Rodionov, Andrei A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. A1 - Dilly, Oliver T1 - Impact of Commercial Soil Additives on Microbial Activity and Carbon Isotopic Characteristics of Recultivated Post Lignite Mine Soils T2 - Geomicrobiology Journal Y1 - 2011 SN - 1521-0529 VL - 28 IS - 7 SP - 567 EP - 573 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gebhardt, Sascha A1 - Wöllecke, Jens A1 - Münzenberger, Babette A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Microscale spatial distribution pattern of red oak (Quercus rubra L.) ectomycorrhiza T2 - Mycological Progress Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-009-0596-2 SN - 1861-8952 VL - 8 IS - 3 SP - 245 EP - 257 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dilly, Oliver T1 - Ratios of microbial biomass estimates to evaluate microbial physiology in soil T2 - Biology and Fertility of Soils Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-005-0021-1 SN - 1432-0789 VL - 42 IS - 3 SP - 241 EP - 246 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ma, Yunyao A1 - Weber, Bettina A1 - Kratz, Alexandra A1 - Raggio, José A1 - Colesie, Claudia A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Bader, Maaike Y. A1 - Porada, Philipp T1 - Exploring environmental and physiological drivers of the annual carbon budget of biocrusts from various climatic zones with a mechanistic data-driven model T2 - Biogeosciences N2 - Biocrusts are a worldwide phenomenon, contributing substantially to ecosystem functioning. Their growth and survival depend on multiple environmental factors, including climatic ones, and the relations of these factors to physiological processes. Responses of biocrusts to individual environmental factors have been examined in a large number of field and laboratory experiments. These observational data, however, have rarely been assembled into a comprehensive, consistent framework that allows quantitative exploration of the roles of multiple environmental factors and physiological properties for the performance of biocrusts, in particular across climatic regions. Here we used a data-driven mechanistic modelling framework to simulate the carbon balance of biocrusts, a key measure of their growth and survival. We thereby assessed the relative importance of physiological and environmental factors for the carbon balance at six study sites that differ in climatic conditions. Moreover, we examined the role of seasonal acclimation of physiological properties using our framework, since the effects of this process on the carbon balance of biocrusts are poorly constrained so far. We found substantial effects of air temperature, CO2 concentration, and physiological parameters that are related to respiration on biocrust carbon balance, which differ, however, in their patterns across regions. The ambient CO2 concentration is the most important factor for biocrusts from drylands, while air temperature has the strongest impact at alpine and temperate sites. Metabolic respiration cost plays a more important role than optimum temperature for gross photosynthesis at the alpine site; this is not the case, however, in drylands and temperate regions. Moreover, we estimated a small annual carbon gain of 1.5  by lichen-dominated biocrust and 1.9  by moss-dominated biocrust at a dryland site, while the biocrusts lost a large amount of carbon at some of the temperate sites (e.g. −92.1 for lichen-dominated and −74.7  for moss-dominated biocrust). These strongly negative values contradict the observed survival of the organisms at the sites and may be caused by the uncertainty in environmental conditions and physiological parameters, which we assessed in a sensitivity analysis. Another potential explanation for this result may be the lack of acclimation in the modelling approach, since the carbon balance can increase substantially when testing for seasonally varying parameters in the sensitivity analysis. We conclude that the uncertainties in air temperature, CO2 concentration, respiration-related physiological parameters, and the absence of seasonal acclimation in the model for humid temperate and alpine regions may be a relevant source of error and should be taken into account in future approaches that aim at estimating the long-term biocrust carbon balance based on ecophysiological data. Y1 - 2023 UR - https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/20/2553/2023/bg-20-2553-2023.html U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-2553-2023 SN - 1726-4189 VL - 20 IS - 13 SP - 2553 EP - 2572 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Oprei, Anna A1 - Schreckinger, José A1 - Kholiavko, Tatiana A1 - Frossard, Aline A1 - Mutz, Michael A1 - Risse-Buhl, Ute T1 - Long-term functional recovery and associated microbial community structure after sediment drying and bedform migration T2 - Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution N2 - Climate change and erosion from agricultural areas cause increased drying periods and bedform migration of riverbeds, respectively, worldwide. Both sediment drying and bedform migration can independently stress the microbial community residing in the riverbed. Here, we investigated the microbial response after exposure to these stressors with a focus on long-term recovery. We conducted an in situ experiment to investigate the long-term (8 months) functional and structural recovery of benthic microbial communities from either sediment drying (episodic severe stressor) or bedform migration (frequent moderate stressor). Stressed sediment associated communities were rewetted (dried sediments) and immobilized (migrated sediments) and exposed in the River Spree (north-eastern Germany) to initiate the recovery process. We then evaluated the microbial function (community respiration, net community production and extracellular enzymatic activities) as well as the bacterial, fungal and diatom community structure (16S rRNA gene and ITS region metabarcoding, and microscopic diatom morphotype classification). We observed different recovery times for community respiration (less than 7 days) and gross primary production (more than 5 months), implying a shift toward net heterotrophy in the first few months after stress exposure. Similarly, we observed a strong autotrophic community response (particularly associated with the diatoms Navicula and Fragilaria), especially in migrated sediments. The bacterial and fungal community response to sediment drying was stronger than to bedform migration (particularly associated with the bacterium Flavobacterium and the fungi Alternaria sp. and Aureobasidium pullulans). Our results show that sediment drying and bedform migration had a significant impact on the microbial community function and structure, which persisted for several months after the stress. Due to the surprising long period of recovery, successive stress events combined with seasonal effects will likely hamper the ongoing recovery process with severe alterations to the microbial function and structure. These findings extend the concept of ecosystem resilience and stability on the dimensions of timescale and seasonal environmental variations. Legacy effects are expected to play a key role when facing future stress. Y1 - 2023 UR - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2023.1112519/full U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2023.1112519 SN - 2296-701X VL - Vol. 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Kholiavko, Tatiana A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Veste, Maik T1 - Soil respiration responses of moss and lichen biocoenoses to moderate and severe rain events after summer drought in a temperate early-successional ecosystem T2 - Ecohydrology N2 - It is commonly accepted that CO2 efflux increases with soil water content in aerated soils and that rewetting after periods of soil drying can result in respiration pulses. It has further been shown that soil pores may become water logged which can impede soil gas exchange. The present study aimed to quantify the carbon response of moss (Polytrichum piliferum) and lichen (Cladonia coniocraea) biocoenoses to different quantities of rain in an artificial catchment, which granted that the starting point of the development of both biocoenoses was the same. To address this aim, we conducted in situ soil moisture and soil respiration measurements, where soil respiration was hypothesised to emerge from a cryptogamic vegetation layer and from mineral soil beneath. We found that higher water-holding capacity of the moss layer and higher accumulation of organic matter in the upper mineral soil under mosses result in higher amounts of water stored near the surface. As a consequence, evaporation of water as well as pulses of CO2 efflux after moderate rain following a period of drought were higher in the moss biocoenosis, where the upper mineral soil was of key importance. In contrast, the lichen biocoenosis facilitated penetration of rainwater into the deep soil. Superimposing rewetting pulses, near-saturation of soil pores with water after severe rain resulted in gas exchange inhibition and diminished soil respiration until subsequent aeration in both biocoenoses KW - biocrusts KW - Hühnerwasser KW - respiration KW - soils Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.2578 SN - 1936-0592 VL - 16 IS - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Chabbi, Abad A1 - Rumpel, C. A1 - Grootes, Pieter M. A1 - Gonzales-Perez, J. A. A1 - Delaune, R. D. A1 - Gonzales-Vila, F. A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Lignite degradation and mineralization in lignite-containing mine sediment as revealed by 14C activity measurements and molecular analysis T2 - Organic Geochemistry Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2006.02.002 SN - 0146-6380 VL - 37 IS - 8 SP - 957 EP - 976 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Risse-Buhl, Ute A1 - Hagedorn, Frank A1 - Dümig, Alexander A1 - Gessner, Mark O. A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Nii-Annang, Seth A1 - Gerull, Linda A1 - Mutz, Michael T1 - Dynamics, chemical properties and bioavailability of DOC in an early successional catchment T2 - Biogeosciences Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/doi:10.5194/bg-10-4751-2013 SN - 1726-4189 VL - 10 SP - 4751 EP - 4765 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mantovani, Dario A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Boldt-Burisch, Katja A1 - Fritsch, Simone A1 - Koning, Laurie Anne A1 - Freese, Dirk T1 - Carbon allocation, nodulation, and biological nitrogen fixation of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) under soil water limitation T2 - Annals of Forest Research N2 - The pioneer tree black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) is a drought-resistant tree and, in symbiosis with Rhizobium, able to fix dinitrogen from the atmosphere. It is, therefore, an interesting species for marginal lands where soil amelioration is sought in addition to economic gain. However, the interaction between soil water availability, carbon allocation and nitrogen fixation is important for a successful establishment of trees on marginal lands and has not yet been investigated for black locust. Twoyear-old trees were grown under various soil water conditions and drought cycles. The stable isotopic composition of C (δ 13C) and N (δ 15N) of the leaves was used to identify i) the effective drought condition of the treatments and ii) the portion N accrued from the atmosphere by the biological nitrogen fixation. Drought-stressed plants significantly reduced their total aboveground biomass production, which was linearly linked to tree transpiration. The shoot:root ratio values changed from 2.2 for the drought-stressed to 4.3 for the well-watered plants. Our investigation shows that drought stress increases the nodule biomass of black locust in order to maintain biological nitrogen fixation and to counteract the lower soil nitrogen availability. The biological nitrogen fixation of drought-stressed trees could be maintained at relatively higher values compared to the well-watered trees. The average leaf nitrogen content varied between 2.8% and 3.0% and was not influenced by the drought stress. Carbon fixation, carbon allocation, and biological nitrogen fixation are to some extent balanced at low irrigation and allow Robinia to cope with long-term water constraints. The combination of black locust’s ecophysiological and morphological plasticity make it interesting as a biomass source for bioenergy and timber production, even in nutrient-limited and drought-affected areas of Europe. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.15287/afr.2015.420 SN - 2065-2445 VL - 58 IS - 2 SP - 259 EP - 274 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kwak, Jin-Hyeob A1 - Chang, Scott X. A1 - Naeth, M. Anne A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang T1 - Coarse Woody Debris Increases Microbial Community Functional Diversity but not Enzyme Activities in Reclaimed Oil Sands Soils T2 - PLoS One N2 - Forest floor mineral soil mix (FMM) and peat mineral soil mix (PMM) are cover soils commonly used for upland reclamation post open-pit oil sands mining in northern Alberta, Canada. Coarse woody debris (CWD) can be used to regulate soil temperature and water content, to increase organic matter content, and to create microsites for the establishment of microorganisms and vegetation in upland reclamation. We studied the effects of CWD on soil microbial community level physiological profile (CLPP) and soil enzyme activities in FMM and PMM in a reclaimed landscape in the oil sands. This experiment was conducted with a 2 (FMM vs PMM) × 2 (near CWD vs away from CWD) factorial design with 6 replications. The study plots were established with Populus tremuloides (trembling aspen) CWD placed on each plot between November 2007 and February 2008. Soil samples were collected within 5 cm from CWD and more than 100 cm away from CWD in July, August and September 2013 and 2014. Microbial biomass was greater (p<0.05) in FMM than in PMM, in July, and August 2013 and July 2014, and greater (p<0.05) near CWD than away from CWD in FMM in July and August samplings. Soil microbial CLPP differed between FMM and PMM (p<0.01) according to a principal component analysis and CWD changed microbial CLPP in FMM (p<0.05) but not in PMM. Coarse woody debris increased microbial community functional diversity (average well color development in Biolog Ecoplates) in both cover soils (p<0.05) in August and September 2014. Carbon degrading soil enzyme activities were greater in FMM than in PMM (p<0.05) regardless of distance from CWD but were not affected by CWD. Greater microbial biomass and enzyme activities in FMM than in PMM will increase organic matter decomposition and nutrient cycling, improving plant growth. Enhanced microbial community functional diversity by CWD application in upland reclamation has implications for accelerating upland reclamation after oil sands mining. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0143857 SN - 1932-6203 VL - 10 SP - 0143857 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mantovani, Dario A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Gypser, Stella A1 - Halke, Christian A1 - Koning, Laurie Anne A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Lebzien, Stefan T1 - Transpiration and biomass production of the bioenergy crop Giant Knotweed Igniscum under various supplies of water and nutrients T2 - Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics N2 - Soil water availability, nutrient supply and climatic conditions are key factors for plant production. For a sustainable integration of bioenergy plants into agricultural systems, detailed studies on their water uses and growth performances are needed. The new bioenergy plant Igniscum Candy is a cultivar of the Sakhalin Knotweed (Fallopia sachalinensis), which is characterized by a high annual biomass production. For the determination of transpiration-yield relations at the whole plant level we used wicked lysimeters at multiple irrigation levels associated with the soil water availability (25, 35, 70, 100%) and nitrogen fertilization (0, 50, 100, 150 kg N ha–1). Leaf transpiration and net photosynthesis were determined with a portable minicuvette system. The maximum mean transpiration rate was 10.6 mmol m–2 s–1 for well-watered plants, while the mean net photosynthesis was 9.1 μmol m–2 s–1. The cumulative transpiration of the plants during the growing seasons varied between 49 l (drought stressed) and 141 l (well-watered) per plant. The calculated transpiration coefficient for Fallopia over all of the treatments applied was 485.6 l kg–1. The transpiration-yield relation of Igniscum is comparable to rye and barley. Its growth performance making Fallopia a potentially good second generation bioenergy crop. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2478/johh-2014-0028 SN - 0042-790X VL - 62 IS - 4 SP - 316 EP - 323 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Quinkenstein, Ansgar A1 - Jochheim, Hubert T1 - Assessing the carbon sequestration potential of poplar and black locust short rotation coppices on mine reclamation sites in Eastern Germany - Model development and application T2 - Journal of Environmental Management N2 - In the temperate zone short rotation coppice systems for the production of woody biomass (SRC) have gained great interest as they offer a pathway to both sustainable bioenergy production and the potential sequestration of CO₂ within the biomass and the soil. This study used the carbon model SHORTCAR to assess the carbon cycle of a poplar (Populus suaveolens Fisch. x Populus trichocarpa Torr. et Gray cv. Androscoggin) and a black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) SRC. The model was calibrated using data from established SRC plantations on reclaimed mine sites in northeast Germany and validated through the determination of uncertainty ranges of selected model parameters and a sensitivity analysis. In addition to a ‘reference scenario’, representing the actual site conditions, 7 hypothetical scenarios, which varied in climate conditions, rotation intervals, runtimes, and initial soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks, were defined for each species. Estimates of carbon accumulation within the biomass, the litter layer, and the soil were compared to field data and previously published results. The model was sensitive to annual stem growth and initial soil organic carbon stocks. In the reference scenario net biome production for SRC on reclaimed sites in Lusatia, Germany amounted to 64.5 Mg C ha⁻¹ for R. pseudoacacia and 8.9 Mg C ha⁻¹ for poplar, over a period of 36 years. These results suggest a considerable potential of SRC for carbon sequestration at least on marginal sites. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.11.044 SN - 0301-4797 VL - 168 SP - 53 EP - 66 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Koning, Laurie Anne A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Lebzien, Stefan T1 - Effects of nitrogen and phsphate fertilization on leaf nutrient content, photosythesis, and growth of the novel bioenergy crop Fallopia schalinensis vc. 'Igniscum Candy' T2 - Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality N2 - The aim of the study was to determine the effects of nitrogen and phosphate fertilization on the growth performance of the novel bioenergy crop Fallopia sachalinensis cv. ‘Igniscum Candy’ (Polygonaceae). In a controlled pot experiment various nitrogen (0, 50, 150, 300 kg N ha-1) and phosphate (20, 40, 80 kg P ha-1) fertilizer amounts were applied to measure the effect on the biomass, plant height, leaf area, and leaf nutrient (N and P) content. Furthermore, the ecophysiological processes of chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence, and gas exchange were measured. The application of nitrogen correlated positively with biomass production, while phosphate fertilization did not show a significant effect on plant growth or ecophysiological parameters. The leaf nitrogen contents were significantly correlated with the nitrogen applications, while the leaf phosphate contents did not show a correlation with the P fertilizations, but increased with the leaf nitrogen contents. A significant linear correlation between N-Tester chlorophyll meter values and chlorophyll contents as well as with leaf nitrogen contents could be determined. Under the influence of the nitrogen fertilization, net photosynthesis increased from 3.7 to 6.6 μmol m-2 s-1. The results of this experiment demonstrated that nitrogen fertilization has an overall positive correlation with leaf nitrogen content, photosynthesis, and growth of the bioenergy crop Fallopia sachalinensis var. Igniscum Candy. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5073/JABFQ.2015.088.005 SN - 1439-040X VL - 88 SP - 22 EP - 28 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Todt, Henning A1 - Breckle, Siegmar-W. T1 - Influence of halophytic hosts on their parasites - the case of Plicosepalus acaciae T2 - AOB Plants N2 - Halophytes develop various morphological and physiological traits that enable them to grow successfully on saline substrates. Parasitic plants on halophytic hosts may also encounter salt stress. We investigated the mistletoe Plicosepalus acaciae (syn: Loranthus acacia; Loranthaceae), which occurs on 5 halophytic and at least 10 non-halophytic hosts in the Southern Arava Valley (Israel). Plicosepalus acaciae is a common parasite north of Eilat to the Dead Sea area and in the Jordan Valley. Morphological and physiological responses of P. acaciae to salinity were investigated by comparison of plants on halophytic with those on non-halophytic hosts. Ion patterns of different host–parasite associations were determined as was the development of leaf succulence at different growth stages. The leaf water content of P. acaciae increased and leaves developed succulence when growing on halophytic hosts, especially on Tamarix species, where leaf water content was three times higher than that on non-halophytic hosts and the leaf volume increased four to five times. The reason for increased succulence was a higher ion concentration of, and osmotic adjustment with, Na+ and Cl2. Plicosepalus acaciae showed a high morphological and ecophysiological plasticity, enabling it to cope with salt stress, and can be classified as a facultative eu-halophyte, which increases its halo-succulence according to the host. Host–parasite associations are a model systemfor the investigation of halophytes under different salt stress conditions. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/aobpla/plu084 SN - 2041-2851 VL - 7 SP - plu084 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mantovani, Dario A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Böhm, Christian A1 - Vignudelli, Marco A1 - Freese, Dirk T1 - Spatial and temporal variation of drought impact on black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) water status and growth T2 - iForest Biogeosciences and Forestry N2 - Stimulated by the rising demand for bioenergy, forestry practices for energy production are of increasing importance worldwide. Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) is a suitable tree species for biomass production in shortrotation plantations in East Germany, especially on marginal land where insufficient water and nutrients are a limiting factor for tree growth. Our study aims to clarify the spatial and temporal variability of the black locust growth through the analysis of the plant water status, and to evaluate the effect of adverse edaphic conditions on growth performances, amplified by periods of summer drought. The study was carried out at two sites presenting comparable climatic but different edaphic conditions: (i) fertile agricultural soil; and (ii) heterogeneous unstructured soil from a reclaimed post-mining area. During the vegetation period, the growth rate decreased in both sites following the plant water status in terms of pre-dawn leaf water potential. Particularly in the post-mining area, due to the adverse edaphic conditions, below the critical pre-dawn water potential value of -0.5 MPa, the stem growth was drastically reduced during a period of summer drought. However, the trees could cope with the extreme soil and weather conditions in the post-mining site without perishing. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3832/ifor1299-008 SN - 1971-7458 VL - 8 SP - 743 EP - 747 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tsonkova, Penka A1 - Mirck, Jaconette A1 - Böhm, Christian A1 - Fütz, Bettina T1 - Addressing farmer-perceptions and legal constraints to promote agroforestry in Germany T2 - Agroforestry Systems N2 - Agroforestry is receiving increasing attention in Germany because of its capacity to address some of the negative consequences of intensive agriculture. However the actual uptake and maintenance of agroforestry by farmers remains low. The aim of this study was to identify the opportunities and obstacles to agroforestry in Germany and to identify potential measures which could address the obstacles and increase agroforestry adoption. Qualitative interviews with 32 farmers indicated that the legal framework and administrative burden associated with agroforestry in Germany was a major obstacle. The farmers recognised that agroforestry provided environmental benefits, but these do not always increase farm profitability. Agroforestry was identified as a viable alternative to conventional farming systems, especially in less productive areas, not profitable when managed in a conventional way. To enhance the implementation of agroforestry the simplification of the legal framework is crucial. Modern agroforestry should be better recognized by existing policy measures providing payments for environmentally friendly farming. Ultimately, an integrated approach for environmental benefits and production objectives is required, which is based on rewarding farmers for providing ecosystem services (ESs) and a stronger public involvement in sustainable land use practices. Rewarding farmers for ESs could increase the interest in agroforestry in highly productive areas, enhancing sustainable land use in the long term. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-018-0228-4 SN - 1572-9680 VL - 92 IS - 4 SP - 1091 EP - 1103 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Boldt-Burisch, Katja A1 - Naeth, M. Anne T1 - Early colonization of root associated fungal communities on reclamation substrates at a diamond mine in the Canadian Sub-Arctic T2 - Applied Soil Ecology N2 - Mining sites are harsh environments and establishment of root associated symbiotic fungi may be crucial for plant establishment and long term community development. Diamond mining in the Northwest Territories produces large amounts of processed kimberlite, and in some cases lake bed sediment and reclamation is needed for re-establishment of ecosystem function. This study investigated early fungal colonization with arbuscular mycorrhizae and dark septate endophytes on common reclamation substrates of different ages, relative to native tundra. Natural colonization of vegetation free sites with mycorrhizal spores on a trajectory associated with substrate age and type was very low. Fungal spore quantity and diversity was significantly accelerated by establishment of vegetation. Dark septate endophytes dominated native site Cyperaceae whereas reclamation site grasses were dominated by arbuscular mycorrhizae. Topsoil amendment was most effective for fungal colonization on reclamation substrates suggesting that a single application of topsoil can have a long term effect on the soil fungal community. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.10.006 SN - 0929-1393 VL - 110 SP - 118 EP - 126 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gypser, Stella A1 - Herppich, Werner B. A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Lange, Philipp A1 - Veste, Maik T1 - Photosynthetic characteristics and their spatial variance on biological soil crusts covering initial soils of post-mining sites in Lower Lusatia, NE Germany T2 - Flora N2 - Following surface disturbance, quaternary sands are the basic substrate for soil development in the Lusatian reclamation area. These substrates mostly contain few organic matter and, hence, are nutrient poor. Accumulation of soil carbon is an important factor for ecosystem development, where biological soil crusts initially influence soil processes and promote ecosystem succession. The compositional structures of biological soil crusts at various developmental stages and their photosynthetic properties were investigated on two former open-cast lignite sites, currently under reclamation, an artificial sand dune in Welzow Süd, and a forest plantation in Schlabendorf Süd (Brandenburg, Germany). As development of biological soil crusts progressed, their contents of organic carbon and total chlorophyll increased. The ratio of these parameters, however, varied with the relative contribution of lichens and mosses in particular. Also maximum photochemical efficiency, net photosynthesis and respiration increased with crustal development. An additional evaluation of NDVI and chlorophyll fluorescence images showed that especially moss-dominated biocrusts had higher photosynthetic capacity compared to green algae-dominated biocrusts or soil lichens, so the photosynthetic capacity showed to be highly species-specific. The ratio of gross photosynthesis to respiration indicated a higher ecological efficiency of biocrusts dominated by green algae than of lichen-dominated biocrusts. The occurrence of soil lichens reduced net CO2 fixation and increased CO2 release due to the enhanced mycobiontic respiration. During crustal succession, the rise of photosynthesis-related parameters is not necessarily linear as a result of the highly heterogenic distribution of the different crustal organisms between biocrusts of similar developmental stages as well as between those growing at the two study sites. Therefore, the evaluation of relevant ecophysiological parameters highlighted that not all biocrust-forming organisms similarly contribute to the ecophysiological behavior of biological soil crusts. Nevertheless, the occurrence of the biological soil crusts promoted soil formation and accumulation of soil carbon in initial soils. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2016.02.012 SN - 0367-2530 VL - Vol. 220 SP - 103 EP - 116 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Boldt-Burisch, Katja A1 - Naeth, M. Anne T1 - Mycorrhization affects root distribution of Lotus corniculatus and Calamagrostis epigeios in a nutrient poor heterogeneous soil in a rhizotron experiment T2 - Rhizosphere N2 - Plant growth can be highly dependent on symbiotic partners, such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) that improve the plant's nutrient uptake. However, less is known about whether AMF can beneficially influence spatial root distribution, especially in soils with patchy nutrient concentrations. This study was conducted to evaluate root distribution and plant response of Lotus corniculatus and Calamagrostis epigeios in a heterogeneous nutrient poor soil under different mycorrhizal conditions. Heterogeneous soil conditions of a reclamation site in the Lusation mining district, consisting of a nutrient poor sandy soil with embedded large silt-clay fragments, were used for this rhizotron experiment. Treatments were non-mycorrhizal and mycorrhizal L. corniculatus and C. epigeios in sterile soil and in sterile soil with a fungal free soil solution and mycorrhizal plants in a non-sterile soil. Mycorrhizal fungi were exogenous (Funneliformis mosseae and Rhizophagus irregularis) in sterile soil and indigenous mycorrhizal fungi in non-sterile soil. Plants were grown in rhizotrons, with clay-silt fragments in a sandy soil matrix. Treatment response variables were root density, root and shoot biomass, shoot tissue nutrient concentrations, and percentage of roots in clay-silt fragments relative to total root biomass, mycorrhizal colonization and intraradical fungal alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. Exogenous mycorrhizal L. corniculatus plants had higher root mass density in clay-silt fragments than indigenous mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants while C. epigeios had only higher root mass density in clay-silt fragments relative to sandy soil only in exogenous mycorrhizal plants in sterile soil with soil solution. Nonmycorrhizal C. epigeios shoot biomass in sterile soil did not significantly differ from that of exogenous mycorrhizal treatments. The greatest shoot biomass for both plant species, was with the highest percentage of roots in clay-silt fragments relative to the total root system. Exogenous mycorrhizal plants of both species had highest shoot phosphorus concentrations in sterile soil with soil solution. However, intraradical fungal ALP activity was highest in indigenous mycorrhizal plants. The results indicate that mycorrhizal conditions can have a strong influence on spatial root development. The consequences are that conditions, which promote root growth, lead to more roots in nutrient rich clay-silt fragments and thus enhance plant exploitation of heterogeneously distributed soil nutrients. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rhisph.2017.06.003 SN - 2452-2198 VL - 4 SP - 36 EP - 47 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ferreiro-Domínguez, Nuria A1 - Nair, Vimala D. A1 - Freese, Dirk T1 - Phosphorus dynamics in poplar silvopastural systems fertilised with sewage sludge T2 - Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment N2 - The use of sewage sludge as fertiliser is a common practice in Europe, where sewage sludge is usually applied on a plant-available N or total metal concentration basis; as a result, phosphorus (P) concentrations can be well above crop needs. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of three doses of sewage sludge (0, 200, and 400 kg total N ha⁻¹ year⁻¹) combined with lime (2.5 Mg CaCO3 ha⁻¹) or without lime on the P in soil and pasture, tree growth and pasture production in a silvopastoral system established with Populus canadensis Moench over seven consecutive years. The P availability varied with the soil pH (a result of lime and sewage sludge applications) throughout the study. In general, an increase of the soil acidity (pH 5.39) increased the amounts of Fe and Al in the soil solution, which form very strong bonds with P, thereby reducing the P availability (M3-P: 20.99 g kg⁻¹). The effect of lime on the P availability gradually declined in the years following its application. However, in the latter part of the study (2007–2008), due to the higher residual effect of the sewage sludge compared with lime, the doses of sewage sludge (200 and 400 kg N total ha⁻¹) increased the concentrations of P (200N: 37.31 g kg⁻¹ and 400N: 48.71 g kg⁻¹) and Fe (200N: 321.51 mg kg⁻¹ and 400N: 341.56 mg kg ⁻¹) in a Mehlich 3 solution, the concentration of P in the pasture (200N: 2.53 g kg⁻¹ and 400N: 2.81 g kg⁻¹) and the amount of P extracted by the pasture (200N: 8.78 kg ha⁻¹ and 400N: 10.34 kg ha⁻¹), resulting in possible reduction in environmental problems. Further, due to its agronomic benefits as a source of plant nutrients and organic matter, fertilisation with high quality sewage sludge could be recommended for silvopastoral systems under edaphoclimatic conditions similar to those in this study. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2016.02.022 SN - 0167-8809 VL - 223 SP - 87 EP - 98 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gypser, Stella A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Lange, Philipp T1 - Infiltration and water retention of biological soil crusts on reclaimed soils of former open-cast lignite mining sites in Brandenburg, north-east Germany T2 - Journal of hydrology and hydromechanics N2 - Investigations were done on two former open-cast lignite mining sites under reclamation, an artificial sand dune in Welzow Süd, and a forest plantation in Schlabendorf Süd (Brandenburg, Germany). The aim was to associate the topsoil hydrological characteristics of green algae dominated as well as moss and soil lichen dominated biological soil crusts during crustal succession with their water retention and the repellency index on sandy soils under temperate cli-mate and different reliefs. The investigation of the repellency index showed on the one hand an increase due to the cross-linking of sand parti-cles by green algae which resulted in clogging of pores. On the other hand, the occurrence of moss plants led to a de-crease of the repellency index due to absorption caused by bryophytes. The determination of the water retention curves showed an increase of the water holding capacity, especially in conjunction with the growth of green algae layer. The pore-related van Genuchten parameter indicate a clay-like behaviour of the developed soil crusts. Because of the inho-mogeneous distribution of lichens and mosses as well as the varying thickness of green algae layers, the water retention differed between the study sites and between samples of similar developmental stages. However, similar tendencies of water retention and water repellency related to the soil crust formation were observed. Biological soil crusts should be considered after disturbances in the context of reclamation measures, because the ini-tial development of green algae biocrusts lead to an increasing repellency index, while the occurrence of mosses and a gain in organic matter enhance the water holding capacity. Thus, the succession of biocrusts and their small-scale succes-sion promote the development of soil and ecosystem. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1515/johh-2016-0009 VL - 64 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Li, Bai A1 - Gao, Jiarong A1 - Wang, Xiuru A1 - Ma, Lan A1 - Cui, Qiang A1 - Veste, Maik T1 - Effects of biological soil crusts on water infiltration and evaporation Yanchi Ningxia, Maowusu Desert, China T2 - International Journal of Sediment Research N2 - Biological soil crusts serve as a vanguard for improving the ecological environment in arid, semi-arid desertification areas.It is a good indicator of the level of improvement which the local ecological evironment is undertaking. In desert areas, water condition is a key factor of improving the ecological environment. As a first layer protection, biological crusts play an important role in local vegetation succession due to their abilities to conserve and maintain moisture. Using Maowusu desert in Yanchi of Ningxia province as an example, after three years of research, this paper chooses three kinds of biological crusts including lichen, moss and cyanobacterial which are under the cover of Artemisia ordosicaas research objects. The results of this study indicate that, the closer biological crusts are to Artemisia ordosica vegetation, the thicker they become. In the same position of Artemisia ordosica vegetation, the thickness of moss crusts is the highest, followed by lichen crusts, and the thickness of cyanobacterial crusts is the lowest. Biological soil crusts coverage protects the natural water content of soil layers from 0 to 5cm. Also, it effects falling water to infiltrate deeper, and cannot prevent the surfacewater content from evaporating effectively. The effect of biological crusts blocking water infiltration decreases with the increase of rainfall. At the same rainfall level, moss crusts provide the strongest water infiltration blockage, followed by lichen crusts and cyanobacterial crusts. With the increase of rainfall, the depth of water infiltration increases.At the same rainfall level, the relationship of water infiltration depth is as follows: cyanobacterial crusts > lichen crusts > moss crusts. With the increase of biological crusts thickness, they blocking water infiltration capacity is stronger, and the depth of water infiltration is smaller. Analysis on the characteristic of simulated rainfall process on biological crusts shows that sandy land can be fixed by applying appropriate artificial biological crusts to build a sustainable forest protection system and to create a stable ecosystem in desertification area. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsrc.2016.05.005 SN - 1001-6279 VL - 31 IS - 4 SP - 311 EP - 323 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Xiao, Bo A1 - Veste, Maik T1 - Moss-dominated biocrusts increase soil microbial abundance and community diversity and improve soil fertility in semi-arid climates on the Loess Plateau of China T2 - Applied Soil Ecology N2 - Various ecological functions of biocrusts are mostly determined by their bacterial and fungal abundance and community diversity, which has not yet been fully investigated. To provide more insights into this issue, we collected samples of moss biocrusts, fixed sand, and mobile sand from a watershed with semi-arid climate on the Loess Plateau of China. The relative abundances and community diversities of soil bacteria and fungi of the samples were determined using high-throughput DNA sequencing. Finally, we analyzed the characteristics of bacterial and fungal community of the moss biocrusts and their relationships to the content of soil nutrients. Our results showed that the moss biocrusts had 1048 bacterial OTUs (operational taxonomic units) and 58 fungal OTUs, and their Shannon diversity indexes were 5.56 and 1.65, respectively. The bacterial community of the moss biocrusts was dominated by Acidobacteria (24.3%), Proteobacteria (23.8%), Chloroflexi (15.8%), and Actinobacteria (14.5%), and their fungal community was dominated by Ascomycota (68.0%) and Basidiomycota (23.8%). The moss biocrusts had far more bacterial OTUs (≥56.9%) but similar number of fungal OTUs as compared with the uncrusted soil, and their Sorenson’s similarity coefficients of bacterial and fungal communities were less than 0.768 and 0.596, respectively. Moreover, the contents of soil nutrients (C, N, P) were significantly correlated with the OTU numbers of bacteria and the relative abundances of bacteria and fungi. Our results indicated that moss biocrusts harbor a large number and high diversity of bacteria and fungi, and these diversified bacteria and fungi play important roles in ecosystem functioning through improving soil fertility. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.05.005 VL - 117-118 SP - 165 EP - 177 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mantovani, Dario A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Freese, Dirk T1 - Effects of Drought Frequency on Growth Performance and Transpiration of Young Black Locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) T2 - International Journal of Forestry Research N2 - Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) is a drought-tolerant fast growing tree, which could be an alternative to the more common tree species used in short-rotation coppice on marginal land. The plasticity of black locust in the form of ecophysiological and morphological adaptations to drought is an important precondition for its successful growth in such areas. However, adaptation to drought stress is detrimental to primary production. Furthermore, the soil water availability condition of the initial stage of development may have an impact on the tree resilience. We aimed to investigate the effect of drought stress applied during the resprouting on the drought tolerance of the plant, by examining the black locust growth patterns. We exposed young trees in lysimeters to different cycles of drought. The drought memory affected the plant growth performance and its drought tolerance: the plants resprouting under drought conditions were more drought tolerant than the well-watered ones. Black locust tolerates drastic soil water availability variations without altering its water use efficiency (2.57 g L−1), evaluated under drought stress. Due to its constant water use efficiency and the high phenotypic plasticity, black locust could become an important species to be cultivated on marginal land. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/821891 SN - 1687-9376 N1 - Article ID 821891 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Küppers, Manfred A1 - Schmitt, Dieter A1 - Liner, Susanne A1 - Böhm, Christian A1 - Kanzler, Michael A1 - Veste, Maik T1 - Photosynthetic characteristics and simulation of annual leaf carbon gains of hybrid poplar (Populus nigra L. x P. maximowiczii Henry) and black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) in a temperate agroforestry system T2 - Agroforestry Systems N2 - A leaf net photosynthesis model is presented driven by light and modulated by temperature and air humidity. From this the seasonal variation of CO2 uptake and release could be modelled to estimate the annual carbon fluxes of sun and shade leaves. In fully expanded leaves light is the major factor determining daily carbon balances, and highest observed daily carbon gains in sun leaves amounted to 748.9 mmol CO2 m-2 day-1 in poplar and to 536.3 mmol CO2 m-2 day-1 in black locust, while the annual carbon gains amounted to 46,824 mol CO2 m-2 in black locust and 66,803 mol CO2 m-2 in hybrid poplar. Results obtained via gas exchange measurements and from the leaf model clearly indicate a potentially better growth performance of the poplar compared to black locust on the investigated site. The presented photosynthesis model provides a good and realistic estimation for seasonal carbon balances on the leaf level for both species. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-017-0071-z SN - 0167-4366 SN - 1572-9680 VL - 92 IS - 5 SP - 1267 EP - 1286 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gypser, Stella A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Lange, Philipp T1 - Formation of soil lichen crusts at reclaimed post-mining sites, Lower Lusatia, North-east Germany T2 - Graphis Scripta N2 - Biological soil crusts were investigated at reclaimed post-mining sites near Welzow and Schlabendorf in Lower Lusatia (Brandenburg, Germany). Various development stages from initial biological soil crusts built up by green algae, to more developed soil crusts with mosses, as well as moss-soil lichen crusts, were classified. The spatial-temporal dynamics during the development resulted in a moss-lichens cover with discrete patches of pioneer organisms like green algae in between. At the study sites, 13 species of terricolous lichens were identified. The formation of the biological soil crust is important for the accumulation of soil organic matter in the first millimeters of the topsoil of these pioneer ecosystems. A correlation between cryptogamic biomass and soil carbon content were found. Y1 - 2015 SN - 0901-7593 VL - 27 IS - 1-2 SP - 3 EP - 14 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ould Baba, Hamoudy A1 - Peth, Stephan A1 - Horn, Rainer A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Quantification of mechanical strength and sliding stability of an artificial water catchment (Chicken Creek) T2 - Soil & Tillage Research N2 - Natural shear forces due to gravity along inclined terrain surfaces are controlled by the inclination of the terrain, material composition and its mechanical properties, stratification and hydraulic stress states. Both shear forces and shear strength under a given inclination of the terrain surface strongly depend on the interaction between mechanical and hydraulic stresses. These internal conditions as well as the interactions between these various components are fundamentals in all nonplanar regions under arable, forest or grassland management and they dominate also under various geoscientific aims. Generally, soil creep is a slow soil movement downslope under gravity. It can occur even on gentle slopes when the shear forces exceed the shear strength of the soil. Deposited material on slopes is more sensitive to such movements than well-developed soils due to the absence of a pronounced soil structure, site and management dependent hydraulic properties and functions, which results in low soil strength. We applied the described measurements and the modelling approaches to investigate and to analyse the stability of an artificially constructed water catchment (Chicken Creek) in the mining district of Cottbus/Germany, where glacial sand was deposited above a clay layer with an inclination of about 3.5%. At the lower part of the catchment, an impermeable barrier (claywall)was positioned transversally to the main slope. Mechanical and hydraulic parameters of the soil layers were determined on soil samples taken from the field site. The measured values were inserted as input parameters for the finite element model (Plaxis 2D) to simulate soil movements and their effect on the stability of the catchment. The obtained results showed that the kind of construction negatively affected the physical low soil strength (low precompression stress) although the bulk density was very high (1.7–1.9 g/cm3 for the sandy material). Hydraulic conductivity revealed a significant anisotropy with higher hydraulic conductivity values in the horizontal direction. Furthermore, finite element results showed that the design of the newly formed landscape remains weak concerning mass movements too. The high water table in the sandy material in conjunction with low soil strength enhances the downslope movement and increases the shear stress near the clay wall at the lower end of the slope, which finally results in soil creep processes. These results also proof that such geotechnical and modelling approach is also suitable to validate or to predict mass movements and the internal processes responsible for these internal mass erosion. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2014.05.013 SN - 0167-1987 VL - 146 SP - 66 EP - 78 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mantovani, Dario A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Freese, Dirk T1 - Black locust (Robina pseudoacacia L.) ecopysiological and morphological adaptations to drought and their consequence on biomass production and water-use efficiency T2 - New Zealand Journal of Forestry Science N2 - Background: Successful plantation efforts growing Robinia pseudoacacia L. (black locust) in the drier regions of Hungary and East Germany (Brandenburg), have demonstrated the potential of black locust as an alternative tree species for short-rotation biomass energy plantations. Methods: The response of black locust to water limitation was investigated in a lysimeter experiment. Plants were grown under three different soil moisture regimes, with values set at 35%, 70%, and 100% of the soil water availability, namely WA35, WA70, and WA100. Their morphological adaptation and productivity response to water constraint were assessed together with their water-use efficiency. Furthermore, the ecophysiological adaptation at the leaf level was assessed in terms of net photosynthesis and leaf transpiration. Results: During the growing season, plants in the WA35, WA70, and WA100 treatments transpired 239, 386, and 589 litres of water respectively. The plants subjected to the WA35 and WA70 treatments developed smaller leaves compared with the plants subjected to the WA100 treatment (66% and 36% respectively), which contributed to the total leaf area reduction from 8.03 m2 (WA100) to 3.25 m2 (WA35). The total above-ground biomass produced in the WA35 (646 g) and WA70 (675 g) treatments reached only 46% and 48% of the biomass yield obtained in the WA100 (1415 g). The water-use efficiency across all treatments was 2.31 g L−1. At vapour pressure deficit (VPD) values <1.4 kPa trees growing under the WA35 soil moisture regime showed a stomatal down-regulation of transpiration to 5.3 mmol m−2 s−1, whereas the trees growing under the WA100 regime did not regulate their stomatal conductance and transpiration was 11.7 mmol m−2 s−1, even at VPD values >2 kPa. Conclusions: Black locust plants can adapt to prolonged drought conditions by reducing water loss through both reduced transpiration and leaf size. However, under well-watered conditions it does not regulate its transpiration, and therefore it cannot be considered a water-saving tree species. Y1 - 2014 UR - http://www.nzjforestryscience.com/content/44/1/29 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s40490-014-0029-0 VL - 44 IS - 1 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kanzler, Michael A1 - Böhm, Christian A1 - Freese, Dirk T1 - Impact of P fertilisation on the growth performance of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) in a lignite post-mining area in Germany T2 - Annals of Forest Research N2 - Due to its ability to grow on marginal sites black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) has been widely planted as a short rotation coppice (SRC) system that produce a renewable biomass feedstock in several post-mining areas of East Germany. However, as most of these sites are still in an initial stage of reclamation with low humus and nutrient contents, phosphorous can play a significant role as a plant limiting factor, because legumes require more P than other plants for their development. In April 2011, two experiments were conducted to evaluate the influence of higher rates and different applications of phosphorus fertiliser on the nutrition, survival, and biomass production of two different-aged black locust SRC plantations on the post lignite-mining site “Welzow-Süd”, situated in NE Germany. Treatments were applied as triple superphosphate (30, 60 and 120 kg P ha-1) and PK fertiliser (60 kg P ha-1) through broadcasting or banding on recently harvested or planted trees, respectively. Soil, leaf and woody biomass data were analysed utilising the Mann-Whitney U test and the Spearman correlation coefficient (rS). Following two growing seasons, it was observed that the total dry weight yields of the black locust seedlings were increased strongly by up to 8 times when compared to the control group, particularly when TSP was applied through banding. P fertilisation, however, did not affect the biomass yield of six-year-old black locust trees, but P concentration in leaves among treatments of both sites was still significantly increased and sufficient from a quantity upwards of 60 kg P ha-1. Taken together, a comparably moderate amount of P fertiliser (60 kg ha-1) had a strong impact on P uptake and growth performance in the examined black locust seedlings, which reveals a high potential to improve the current fertilisation practices for SRC black locust plantations grown on our research site. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.15287/afr.2015.303 VL - 58 IS - 1 SP - 39 EP - 54 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tsonkova, Penka A1 - Böhm, Christian A1 - Quinkenstein, Ansgar A1 - Freese, Dirk T1 - Application of partial order ranking to identify enhancement potantials for the provision of selected ecosystem services by different land use strategies T2 - Agricultural Systems N2 - Conventional agricultural practices have often been associated with negative externalities, such as land degradation, pollution of soil and water resources, loss of biodiversity, and decreased provision of ecosystem services (ES). In response to these negative effects, the number of indicator-based attempts to assess ES provided by land use systems has increased. However, decisions regarding the importance of the different ES are usually made subjectively. Following an objective approach through the use of a partial order ranking method, this study aimed to assess several non-provisioning ES supplied by alley cropping system (ACS) in comparison with conventional agriculture (CA). The main objective of the study was to verify the applicability of partial order ranking to an ecologically-based assessment, focusing on soil, water, and biodiversity indicators. Results from 40 hypothetical scenarios representing various site conditions of agricultural fields in Germany were calculated using the Ecosystem Services Assessment Tool for Agroforestry (ESAT-A), a toolbox designed to assess selected ES of ACS following an empirical approach. The results were ranked using partial order and were visualized by a Hasse diagram. The findings depict partial order ranking as a promising technique to support decision making in order to find priority scenarios and indicators where the provision of ES can be enhanced by establishing ACS. The minimal scenarios under CA identified with simultaneously low values of all indicators were perceived as target scenarios for establishing ACS. The values of the indicators for the current land use system need to be taken into account in order to avoid scenarios where high tradeoff was suggested. Additionally, this approach can be extended and utilized at the field level to aid farmer decisions on which land use strategy is the most suitable alternative to increase the provision of ES. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2015.01.002 SN - 0308-521X VL - 135 SP - 112 EP - 121 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herbrich, Marcus A1 - Zönnchen, Claudia A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang T1 - Short-term effects of plant litter addition on mineral surface characteristics of young sandy soils T2 - Geoderma N2 - Initial stages of soil development are characterized by structural changes of mineral surfaces over time. The specific surface area (SSA) is closely related to pedogenic properties and soil organic matter (SOM). Interactions between SOM and mineral surfaces induce quantitative and qualitative changes in SSA and corresponding soil properties. However, the knowledge about ranges, effects and mechanisms of organic coverage in the very initial phase of pedogenesis is very limited. Therefore, our objective was to study these processes in young sandy soils and the effects of plant litter addition. Soil samples taken from the constructed catchment “Chicken Creek” were used in a microcosm experiment over 80 weeks. The silt and clay fractions of samples (b63 μm) were analyzed before the experiment and after 40 and 80 weeks. The effects of litter addition and weathering on SSA were assessed using the BET-N2 sorption approach. We found increases of SSA between 16.4% and 41.6% within the 80 week experimental period, but a relative reduction in S. A due to organic coverage of these new surfaces after plant litter addition. The removal of the soil organic matter (SOM) by muffling increased SSA (6.8–12.9%). The results for SSA corresponded to changes in surface specific parameters like cation exchange capacity (CEC), surface enthalpy and the fractional coverage of mineral surfaces by SOM. In conclusion, the results showed that the soilswere clearly in a very initial state of soil development. However, the potential of these young sandy soils to adsorb nutrients and soil organic matter as one of the main important soil functions clearly increased within the relatively short experimental period and changes in SSA indicate relatively large increases in mineral surfaces within short time periods during the initial phase of soil development compared to long-term pedogenesis. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2014.10.017 SN - 0016-7061 VL - 239-240 SP - 206 EP - 212 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Medinski, Tanya V. A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Böhm, Christian T1 - Soil CO2 flux in an alley-cropping system composed of black locust and poplar trees, Germany T2 - Agroforestry Systems N2 - Understanding of soil carbon dynamics after establishment of alley-cropping systems is crucial for mitigation of greenhouse CO2 gas. This study investigates soil CO2 fluxes in an alley-cropping system composed of tree strips of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) and poplar (Populus nigra 9 P. maximowiczii, Max 1) trees and adjacent to them crop strips (Lupinus/Solarigol). Soil CO2 flux was measured monthly over a period from March to November 2012, using a LI-COR LI-8100A automated device. Concurrently with CO2 flux measurements, soil and air temperature, soil moisture, microbial C and hot water-extractable C were determined for the soils nearby soil collars. Root biomass was determined to a depth of 15 cm. In all sampling areas, soil CO2 flux increased from May to July, showing a significant positive correlation with air and soil temperature, which can be a reflection of increase in photosynthesis, and therefore supply of carbohydrates from leaves to rhizosphere, over the warm summer months. A positive correlation between CO2 flux and soil moisture over the warm period indicates an enhancing role of soil moisture on microbial mineralization and root respiration. Average CO2 flux values observed over March–November period did not differ significantly between sampling areas, showing 2.5, 3.2, and 2.9 lmol m-2 s-1 values for black locust, poplar and crops, respectively. Significantly higher CO2 flux values over the summer period in trees could be attributed to the higher photosynthetic activity and higher root density compared to crops. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-014-9764-8 SN - 1572-9680 VL - 89 IS - 2 SP - 267 EP - 277 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mirck, Jaconette A1 - Zalesny, Ronald S. T1 - Mini-Review of Knowldege Gaps in Salt Tolerance of Plants Applied to Willows and Poplars T2 - International Journal of Phytoremediation N2 - Salt tolerance of agricultural crops has been studied since the 1940, but knowledge regarding salt tolerance of woody crops is still in its initial phase. Salt tolerance of agricultural crops has been expressed as the yield decrease due to a certain salt concentration within the root zone as compared to a non-saline control. The most well-known plant response curve to salinity has been a piece-wise linear regression relating crop yield to root zone salinity. This method used the hypothesis that crops tolerate salt up to a threshold after which their yield decreases approximately linearly. Critique to this method included its lack of sensitivity to dynamic factors such as weather conditions. As a result, other classification indices have been developed, but none is as well accepted as the threshold-slope model. In addition to a mini-review of the key salt tolerance studies, our objective was to classify salt tolerance levels of poplars and willows. Initial classification showed that salt tolerance of these genera ranged from sensitive to moderately tolerant. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/15226514.2014.950414 SN - 1549-7879 VL - 17 IS - 7 SP - 640 EP - 650 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tsonkova, Penka A1 - Quinkenstein, Ansgar A1 - Böhm, Christian A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Schaller, Eberhard T1 - Ecosystem services assessment tool for agroforestry (ESAT-A): Anapproach to assess selected ecosystem services provided by alleycropping systems T2 - Ecological Indicators Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2014.04.024 IS - 45 SP - 285 EP - 299 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zönnchen, Claudia A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Esperschütz, Jürgen T1 - Effect of litter addition on element leaching in young sandy soils T2 - Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science N2 - The knowledge about element leaching and biogeochemical cycles during initial stages of soil development is very limited. Therefore, we studied the effects of parent material characteristics and plant litter addition on element leaching from young sandy soils in a microcosm experiment. Our objective was to evaluate the function of young soils as a source and/or sink for nutrients during initial pedogenesis and to identify main processes which are involved in the initial development of biogeochemical cycles. The main research questions were: (1) How do differences in parent material characteristics affect nutrient leaching?; and (2) How is nutrient leaching of young soils influenced by litter addition of different plant functional groups (e.g., legume and grass species)? Combined treatments of two minimally weathered parent materials (pure sand and loamy sand) with plant litter of two plant species (Lotus corniculatus L. and Calamagrostis epigejos L.) were investigated in a soil column experiment. In addition, control columns with parent material or plant litter only were included. Carbonate weathering as a main source for calcium leaching was induced by the moderately acidic irrigation solution used in the experiment. It was 7.5 fold greater for the loamy sand parent material compared to the pure sand despite lower carbonate contents in the loamy sand. Leaching of K was very low for both parent materials but greater for the loamy sand parent material, likely due to transfer processes from fixed to exchangeable potassium forms in the clay minerals of the loamy sand. Plant litter addition generally increased leaching losses. Carbonate dissolution was intensified by both plant litter types, especially by L. corniculatus, very likely due to H+ released during nitrification of N released from plant litter and an increase in partial pressure of CO2 from microbial respiration. In contrast, K was largely retained in the soils, probably due to fixation by clay minerals and microbial immobilization. Only the pure sand treated with L. corniculatus litter leached K, resulting in 4–6 fold greater leaching losses compared to all other treatments. Nitrogen released from L. corniculatus litter was almost completely nitrified and was nearly doubled as compared to that from C. epigejos, resulting in greater N leaching. The results of our study allow identifying the general function and processes of vegetation patches in young ecosystems formed as a result of initial parent material characteristics and invading vegetation with respect to litter decomposition, soil solution composition, nutrient retention and leaching, and effects on the soil mineral phase. These patterns are not mere additive effects of parent materials plus plant litter, but reflect differences in biogeochemical process intensities and could result in an increasing heterogeneity of soil properties, nutrient availability, and element leaching fluxes with time. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.201300383 SN - 1522-2624 VL - 177 IS - 4 SP - 585 EP - 595 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Slazak, Anna A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Matos, Eduardo da Silva A1 - Nii-Annang, Seth A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Phosphorus pools in soil after land conversion from silvopasture to arable and grassland use T2 - Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science N2 - Differences in soil P among silvopasture, grassland, and arable lands have been well established. Nevertheless, most of the reports compare soil properties under long-term sites. Thus, there exists little information on the effect of the conversion of silvopasture to arable or grassland use on soil P pools. The objective of the study was to determine the impact of converting silvopasture system (SP) into arable cropping and grassland system on the distribution of P pools and potential P bioavailability. We compared the following systems: SP system, SP converted to arable cropland (SP-AL), SP converted to grassland (SP-GL), and for comparative purposes, a long-term arable cropland (AL). The P fractionation was performed by a sequential extraction scheme, using acid and alkaline extractants on samples collected from the 0–10 and 10–20 cm soil layers. It was assumed that the large variations in soil-P fractionations are caused by the different management practices associated with land conversion. The results of P fractionation showed a dominance of calcium-bound P, HCl-extractable Pi constituted up to 36% of the soil total P (TP). However, the type of land use did not affect this P fraction. On the other hand, the reduction in labile-Pi and NaOH-Pi fractions observed at the SP-AL site may have led to the decline in readily available P. The soil total organic P (TPo) content was 8% and 17% lower at SP-AL compared to SP and SP-GL site, respectively. Labile organic-P (labile-Po) content was markedly higher at SP site compared to arable soils, and was ≈ 10% of TPo. The NaOH-Po constituted the highest fraction of the organic-P pool (55%–79% of TPo) across all the study systems, and was positively correlated with TPo (p < 0.01). The study indicates that conversion of SP system in temperate regions to arable cropping with conventional tillage seems to result in the reduction of P availability compared to SP, indicating SP as an important land-use practice. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.201200334 SN - 1522-2624 VL - 177 IS - 2 SP - 159 EP - 167 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dilly, Oliver A1 - Repmann, Frank A1 - Franke, Gabriele A1 - Grünewald, Holger A1 - Schneider, Bernd Uwe A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Microbial Characteristics of Young Soils on Disposal Sites of Coal Combustion Waste in Bosnia and Herzegovina T2 - Geomicrobiology Journal N2 - Microbial communities are essential for a range of soil functions and adjust to soil development, environmental conditions and pollution level by community structure, abundance and activity. At desolated landfills of coal combustion waste (CCW) that were un-covered and covered with shallow soil material layers, soil microbial indicators were estimated for both the ecological and eco-toxicological evaluation. The young CCW sites with pH values of 9.5 and substantial coal-derived organic carbon showed significant microbial biomass content and nitrogen mineralization rates. At the 0 to 15 year old landfills, the microbial biomass content and activities increased significantly with age. However, large spatial variations occurred due to the variation of the cover material thickness, the degree of ash-aging and the tillage practices. Carbon dioxide was even sequestered at young CCW sites as indicated during laboratory incubation with an open apparatus purging continuously ambient air. In accordance, the respiratory quotient went down to 0.03 mol CO2 evolution rate per mol O2 uptake rate, indicating that the CO2 evolution rate is limited as an overall quality indicator. Within 15 years, these ‘Technosols’ showed pH values of 7.7 and decalcified while changes in microbial biomass content and activity rates were mainly related to N availability. We concluded that the available As, B, Cr and Ni pollution at CCW sites seemed largely immobilised by organic matter and alkalinity and therefore did not to inhibit the microbial colonisation and development of high microbial activity within 15 years. However, the ash disposals pose a contamination risk by wind erosion and a future risk to human or environmental health when toxic metals will be released in soil at low pH values, low organic matter and low antagonistic ion contents. Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/01490451.2010.512032 SN - 1521-0529 VL - 28 IS - 7 SP - 574 EP - 581 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Medinski, Tanya V. A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Böhm, Christian A1 - Slazak, Anna T1 - Soil carbon fractions in short rotation poplar and black locust coppices, Germany T2 - Agroforestry Systems N2 - Short rotation coppice (SRC) is seen as a successful management system, which in addition to energy wood production may enhance soil carbon sequestration. The objective of this study was to investigate total, labile and stable soil carbon fractions at SRCs composed of poplar clones Max 1 (Populus nigra x P. maximowiczii), Muhle Larsen (Populus Trichocarpa), and black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.). Study was conducted at three SRC sites (Allendorf, Dornburg, and Forst) varying in age (1–4 years old), soil texture and climatic characteristics, in Germany. Composite soil samples collected at SRCs from 0 to 3; 0–10; 10–30; and 30–60 cm depth layers were compared with soils collected from adjacent crop strips. Samples were analysed for total organic carbon (TOC), hot-water extractable carbon (HWC), and organic carbon (OC) at 250–2,000; 53–250; and\53 lm soil-size aggregates. Total OC stocks in 0–60 cm soil layer were the highest at the site with the heaviest texture, Dornburg, followed by Forst and Allendorf, comprising 92–107; 59–74; and 53–64 Mg ha-1, respectively. Although no significant differences in the total OC stocks between SRCs and adjacent crops were found for the 0–60 cm layer, a significantly (p\0.05) higher TOC, HWC, OC at macroaggregates (250–2,000 lm), and the amount of macro-aggregates were found in the top 0–3 cm layer in all SRC sites (except the youngest poplar SRC in Forst) compared to adjacent crop strips. A greater macro-aggregate formation in SRCs related to the lower soil disturbance compared to the tilled crops, revealed a potential of SRC for C sequestration, as C occluded within soil aggregates has a slower decomposition rates and longer residence time. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-014-9709-2 SN - 1572-9680 VL - 88 IS - 3 SP - 505 EP - 515 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Böhm, Christian A1 - Kanzler, Michael A1 - Freese, Dirk T1 - Wind speed reduction as influenced by woody hedgerows grown for biomass in short rotation alley cropping systems in Germany T2 - Agroforestry Systems N2 - The cultivation of fast growing trees on agricultural sites is an area undergoing a growth in interest due to the rising demand for woody biomass as a source of bioenergy. Short rotation alley cropping systems (SRACS) represent a promising possibility to combine annual crops for food, fodder or bioenergy with woody plants for biomass production, doing so through an integration of hedgerows of fast growing trees into conventional agricultural sites. Against such developments, the question has arisen as to what extent hedgerows in SRACS can act as an effective windbreak despite their management-related low height of only a few meters. On the basis of multiannual recorded wind velocity data in high resolution at two sites in Germany, it could be shown that the wind speed on crop alleys was reduced significantly by such hedgerows. At the central point of 24 m wide crop alleys, the wind speed decreased on an annual average basis by more than 50 % when compared to the wind speeds of open field. The overall amount of reduction was strongly dependent on the location within the crop alleys, the height of trees, the distance between two hedgerows, and their orientation. In reflection upon these results, it was concluded that the establishment of SRACS could lead to enhanced soil protection against wind erosion and thus to ecological and economic benefits for agricultural sites. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-014-9700-y SN - 1572-9680 VL - 88 IS - 4 SP - 579 EP - 591 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ulrich, Werner A1 - Piwczynski, Marcin A1 - Zaplata, Markus K. A1 - Winter, Susanne A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Fischer, Anton T1 - Small-scale spatial variability in phylogenetic community structure during early plant succession depends on soil properties T2 - Oecologia N2 - During early plant succession, the phylogenetic structure of a community changes in response to important environmental filters and emerging species interactions. We traced the development of temperate-zone plant communities during the first 7 years of primary succession on catchment soils to explore patterns of initial species assembly. We found pronounced small-scale differences in the phylogenetic composition of neighbouring plant assemblages and a large-scale trend towards phylogenetic evenness. This small-scale variability appears to be mediated by soil properties, particularly carbonate content. Therefore, abiotic environmental conditions might counteract or even supersede the effects of interspecific competition among closely related species, which are usually predicted to exhibit patterns of phylogenetic evenness. We conclude that theories on phylogenetic community composition need to incorporate effects of small-scale variability of environmental factors. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-014-2954-2 VL - 175 IS - 3 SP - 985 EP - 995 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. A1 - Scullion, John T1 - Preface: EUROSOIL 2004 Symposium in Freiburg, Germany T2 - Water, Air & Soil Pollution: Focus Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11267-005-9020-3 SN - 1573-2940 VL - 6 IS - 3-4 SP - 233 EP - 234 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Direct and indirect effects of soil pollution by lignite mining T2 - Water, Air & Soil Pollution: Focus Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11267-005-9028-8 SN - 1573-2940 VL - 6 IS - 3-4 SP - 353 EP - 364 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Plieninger, Tobias A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Perspective of bioenergy for agriculture and rural areas T2 - Outlook on Agriculture Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5367/000000006777641624 SN - 0030-7270 VL - 35 IS - 2 SP - 123 EP - 127 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Biber, Peter A1 - Seifert, Stefan A1 - Zaplata, Markus K. A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Pretzsch, Hans A1 - Fischer, Anton T1 - Relationships between substrate, surface characteristics, and vegetation in an initial ecosystem T2 - Biogeosciences N2 - We investigated surface and vegetation dynamics in the artificial initial ecosystem “Chicken Creek” (Lusatia, Germany) in the years 2006–2011 across a wide spectrum of empirical data. We scrutinized three overarching hypotheses concerning (1) the relations between initial geomorphological and substrate characteristics with surface structure and terrain properties, (2) the effects of the latter on the occurrence of grouped plant species, and (3) vegetation density effects on terrain surface change. Our data comprise and conflate annual vegetation monitoring results, biennial terrestrial laser scans (starting in 2008), annual groundwater levels, and initially measured soil characteristics. The empirical evidence mostly confirms the hypotheses, revealing statistically significant relations for several goal variables: (1) the surface structure properties, local rill density, local relief energy and terrain surface height change; (2) the cover of different plant groups (annual, herbaceous, grass-like, woody, Fabaceae), and local vegetation height; and (3) terrain surface height change showed significant time-dependent relations with a variable that proxies local plant biomass. Additionally, period specific effects (like a calendar-year optimum effect for the occurrence of Fabaceae) were proven. Further and beyond the hypotheses, our findings on the spatiotemporal dynamics during the system’s early development grasp processes which generally mark the transition from a geo-hydro-system towards a bio-geo-hydro system (weakening geomorphology effects on substrate surface dynamics, while vegetation effects intensify with time), where pure geomorphology or substrate feedbacks are changing into vegetation–substrate feedback processes. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-8283-2013 VL - 10 SP - 8283 EP - 8303 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Chabbi, Abad A1 - Rumpel, Cornelia A1 - Grootes, Pieter M. A1 - Mariotti, André A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Isotopic tracers for the analysis of vegetation-derived organic matter in lignite-containing soils and sediments along a transect ranging from a forest soil to submerged lake sediment T2 - Organic Geochemistry Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2006.01.011 SN - 0146-6380 VL - 37 IS - 6 SP - 740 EP - 753 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Matos, Eduardo da Silva A1 - Mendonca, Eduardo S. A1 - Lima, Paulo César de A1 - Coelho, M. S. A1 - Mateus, R. F. A1 - Cadoso, I. M. T1 - Green manure in coffee systems in the region of Zona da Mata, Minas Gerais: Characteristics and kinetics of carbon and nitrogen mineralization T2 - Revista Brasileira de Ciencia do Solo Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-06832008000500024 VL - 32 IS - 5 SP - 2027 EP - 2035 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Baumann, K. A1 - Rumpelt, A. A1 - Schneider, Bernd Uwe A1 - Marschner, P. A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Seedling biomass and element content of Pinus sylvestris and Pinus nigra grown in sandy substrates with lignite T2 - Geoderma Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.04.013 SN - 0016-7061 VL - 136 IS - 3-4 SP - 573 EP - 578 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Buczko, Uwe A1 - Sieber, Sonja A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Spatial variability of O layer thickness and humus forms under different pine beech-forest transformation stages in NE Germany T2 - Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200521734 SN - 1522-2624 VL - 169 IS - 1 SP - 5 EP - 15 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Buczko, Uwe A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Water infiltration and hydrophobicity in forest soils of a pine–beech transformation chronosequence T2 - Journal of Hydrology Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2006.05.023 VL - 331 IS - 3-4 SP - 383 EP - 395 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Buczko, Uwe A1 - Bens, Oliver T1 - Assessing soil hydrophobicity and its variability through the soil profile using two different methods T2 - Soil Science Society of America Journal Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2005.0183 SN - 1435-0661 VL - 70 IS - 3 SP - 718 EP - 727 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Experiences with liming in European countries - results of long-term experiments T2 - Journal of Forest Science Y1 - 2006 VL - 52 IS - Special Issue SP - 35 EP - 44 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wang, Guan A1 - Zhu, Zihong A1 - Cao, Jianhua A1 - Zhu, Tongbin A1 - Zhou, Jinxing A1 - Müller, Christoph A1 - Li, Junran A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Le Roux, Xavier T1 - Agricultural cultivation duration affects soil inorganic N turnover and supply capacity : Evidence in subtropical karst regions T2 - Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment N2 - The conversion of indigenous woodlands to agricultural lands has significantly altered nitrogen (N) cycling, impacting both ecosystem productivity and environmental health locally and globally. The relationship between cultivation duration and soil N availability and the mechanisms that drive these changes, however, remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate how the duration of agricultural reclamation influences soil N cycling in the karst landscapes of southwestern China. We selected economic crops that have been cultivated for 1, 5, 15, and 30 years and conducted a regional survey using 15N labeling and molecular biology techniques to assess the effects of cultivation duration on soil N cycling. Our results show that short-term reclamation (< 5 years) caused minimal changes in soil N dynamics, with little effect on the net production rates of NH4+ and NO3–. However, as cultivation duration increased, we observed progressive declines in mineralization, nitrification, and microbial immobilization rates of NH4+ and NO3–. This led to a substantial reduction in soil inorganic N availability (–39 % for NH4+ and –70 % for NO3–) and a significant increase in the mean residence time of NH4+ and NO3–, indicating a slower N turnover. Long-term reclamation (30 years) resulted in the most pronounced effects, reducing the soil’s capacity to supply inorganic N by impairing soil organic matter input, degrading soil structure, and lowering soil pH. Key soil variables such as soil organic carbon content, pH, total N, and soil aggregate stability explained over 80 % of the variance in N turnover rates. Overall, our findings suggest that while shortterm reclamation has little impact, long-term agricultural practices significantly impair soil N cycling and availability. Sustainable agricultural practices that enhance soil organic matter content and promote soil aggregate stability could help preserve soil health and maintain productivity in karst and similar regions worldwide. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2024.109462 SN - 0167-8809 VL - 381 PB - Elsevier BV ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kay, Sonja A1 - Rega, Carlo A1 - Moreno, Gerardo A1 - Herder, Michael den A1 - Palma, João H. N. A1 - Borek, Robert A1 - Crous-Duran, Josep A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Giannitsopoulos, Michail A1 - Graves, Anil A1 - Jäger, Mareike A1 - Lamersdorf, Norbert A1 - Memedemin, Daniyar A1 - Mosquera-Losada, R. A1 - Pantera, Anastasia A1 - Paracchini, Maria Luisa A1 - Paris, Pierluigi A1 - Roces-Díaz, José V. A1 - Rolo, Victor A1 - Rosati, Adolfo A1 - Sandor, Mignon A1 - Smith, Jo A1 - Szerencsits, Erich A1 - Varga, Anna A1 - Viaud, Valérie A1 - Wawer, Rafal A1 - Burgess, Paul J. A1 - Herzog, Felix T1 - Agroforestry creates carbon sinks whilst enhancing the environment in agricultural landscapes in Europe T2 - Land Use Policy N2 - Agroforestry, relative to conventional agriculture, contributes significantly to carbon sequestration, increases a range of regulating ecosystem services, and enhances biodiversity. Using a transdisciplinary approach, we combined scientific and technical knowledge to evaluate nine environmental pressures in terms of ecosystem services in European farmland and assessed the carbon storage potential of suitable agroforestry systems, proposed by regional experts. First, regions with potential environmental pressures were identified with respect to soil health (soil erosion by water and wind, low soil organic carbon), water quality (water pollution by nitrates, salinization by irrigation), areas affected by climate change (rising temperature), and by underprovision in biodiversity (pollination and pest control pressures, loss of soil biodiversity). The maps were overlaid to identify areas where several pressures accumulate. In total, 94.4% of farmlands suffer from at least one environmental pressure, pastures being less affected than arable lands. Regional hotspots were located in north-western France, Denmark, Central Spain, north and south-western Italy, Greece, and eastern Romania. The 10% of the area with the highest number of accumulated pressures were defined as Priority Areas, where the implementation of agroforestry could be particularly effective. In a second step, European agroforestry experts were asked to propose agroforestry practices suitable for the Priority Areas they were familiar with, and identified 64 different systems covering a wide range of practices. These ranged from hedgerows on field boundaries to fast growing coppices or scattered single tree systems. Third, for each proposed system, the carbon storage potential was assessed based on data from the literature and the results were scaled-up to the Priority Areas. As expected, given the wide range of agroforestry practices identified, the carbon sequestration potentials ranged between 0.09 and 7.29 t C ha −1 a −1 . Implementing agroforestry on the Priority Areas could lead to a sequestration of 2.1 to 63.9 million t C a −1 (7.78 and 234.85 million t CO 2eq a −1 ) depending on the type of agroforestry. This corresponds to between 1.4 and 43.4% of European agricultural greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Moreover, promoting agroforestry in the Priority Areas would contribute to mitigate the environmental pressures identified there. We conclude that the strategic and spatially targeted establishment of agroforestry systems could provide an effective means of meeting EU policy objectives on GHG emissions whilst providing a range of other important benefits. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.02.025 SN - 0264-8377 VL - 83 SP - 581 EP - 593 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Adesipo, Adegbite Adeleke A1 - Akinbiola, Sehinde A1 - Awotoye, Olusegun O. A1 - Salami, Ayobami T. A1 - Freese, Dirk T1 - Impact of mining on the floristic association of gold mined sites in Southwest Nigeria T2 - BMC Ecology N2 - Background: Occurrences in land use, human activities and climate change have both direct and indirect influences on the environment. Of interest for this study is mining; a common activity in developing countries such as Nigeria which is endowed with over 34 solid minerals. The gold mining sites in the Southwest region of the country is predominantly by Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining (ASM). Though the benefits are known, its induced consequences are enormous. To understand its extent of floristic diversity, identification of functional plants and plant species surviving on the mined sites (despite its characterized mining and alteration level); this study compared the floristic composition of an abandoned mining site (Site 1), an active mining site (Site 2) and an undisturbed vegetation sites (Control) of similar vegetation zone. Results: A total of 54, 28 and 37 species belonging to 31, 20 and 23 families were found on Site 1, Site 2 and the control site, respectively. It shows that the floristic composition of all the sites has been altered due to its past intense agricultural colonization and human activities, but severe on Site 1 and 2 due to mining. Lots of the identified species are functional species and stand as ecological indicators. Species such as Acanthus montanus and Icacina richantha found on the Control sites are native and significance but species such as Capsicum frutescens and Crassocephalum crepidioides on Site 2 are due to human inference while most species on Site 1 shows both original and altered floristic composition (e.g. Adenia venenata and Grewia flavescens). Conclusions: Apart from the on-going farming activities, ASM activities such as pollution, deforestation and exposure of the forest soils to direct sunlight has greatly stressed and disturbed the floristic composition, species richness, life form patterns, of the mined sites as well as introduction of non-native plant species. It is therefore necessary to develop effective approaches and policies to curb these illegal ASM activities, empower the community (especially youths), stabilize the economy and establish sustainable development strategies with adequate reclamation measures. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12898-020-00276-9 SN - 1472-6785 VL - 20 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ahmed, Ashour A. A1 - Gypser, Stella A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Leinweber, Peter A1 - Kühn, Oliver T1 - Molecular level picture of the interplay between pH and phosphate binding at the goethite-water interface T2 - Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics N2 - The soil pH plays a substantial role in controlling phosphorus (P) adsorption and mobilization. These processes are strongly affected by the phosphate interaction strength with P-fixing soil minerals such as goethite. The target of the current contribution is to draw a molecular level picture of the interplay between pH and phosphate binding at the goethite–water interface via a joint experimental–theoretical approach. Periodic density functional theory (DFT) calculations were carried out to provide a molecular level understanding of the pH dependence of P adsorption. To validate the modeling approach, adsorption experiments of phosphate at goethite were performed in the pH range of 4–12. There was agreement between experiments and simulations in the description of the adsorption behavior by two pH-dependent successive stages. The adsorption increases along the pH change from 4 to 8. A further increase of pH leads to a decrease of adsorption. By comparing with literature data it is concluded that the first stage will be observed only if there is no significant change of the surface charge at low pH. Moreover, the molecular modeling results point to the abundance of the monodentate (M) binding motif at both extremely low and high pH ranges. Otherwise, the bidentate (B) one is predominant along the intermediate pH range. These observations could resolve the existing debate about the assignment of phosphate–goethite binding motifs. Furthermore, the results point to a decrease of pH upon phosphate sorption due to an induced acidification of soil solution. The present joint experimental–theoretical approach provides a better understanding and description of the existing phosphate sorption experiments and highlights new findings at the atomistic/molecular scale. KW - Phosphate KW - Goethite KW - Periodic density functional theory KW - Adsorption KW - pH Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/d0cp04698a SN - 1463-9084 VL - 22 IS - 45 SP - 26509 EP - 26524 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kanzler, Michael A1 - Böhm, Christian A1 - Freese, Dirk T1 - The development of soil organic carbon under young black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) trees at a post-mining landscape in eastern Germany T2 - New Forests N2 - The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of short rotation alley cropping systems (SRACS) to improve the soil fertility of marginal post-mining sites in Brandenburg, Germany. Therefore, we annually investigated the crop alleys (AC) and black locust hedgerows (ABL) of a SRACS field trail under initial soil conditions to identify the short-term effects of tree planting on the storage of soil organic carbon (SOC) and its degree of stabilization by density fractionation. We detected a significant increase in SOC and hot-water-extractable organic C (HWEOC) at ABL, which was mainly restricted to the uppermost soil layer (0–10 cm). After 6 years, the SOC and HWEOC accumulation rates at ABL were 0.6 Mg and 46 kg ha−1 year−1, which were higher than those in the AC. In addition, comparatively high stocks of approximately 4.6 Mg OC and 182 kg HWEOC ha−1 were stored in the ABL litter layer. Density fractionation of the 0–3 cm soil layer at ABL revealed that the majority of the total SOC (47%) was stored in the free particulate organic matter fraction, which was more than twice that of the AC. At the same time, a higher and steadily increasing amount of SOC was stored in the occluded particulate organic matter fraction at ABL, which indicated a high efficiency for SOC stabilization. Overall, our findings support the suitability of black locust trees for increasing the soil fertility of the reclaimed mining substrate and, consequently, the high potential for SRACS to serve as an effective recultivation measure at marginal sites. KW - Marginal sites KW - SOC sequestration KW - Agroforestry KW - Density fractionation Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11056-020-09779-1 SN - 1573-5095 SN - 0169-4286 VL - 52 (2021) IS - 1 SP - 68 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gypser, Stella A1 - Schütze, Elisabeth A1 - Freese, Dirk T1 - Single and binary Fe- and Al-hydroxides affect potential phosphorus mobilization and transfer from pools of different availability T2 - Soil Systems N2 - Phosphorus (P) fixation is a global problem for soil fertility and negatively impacts agricultural productivity. This study characterizes P desorption of already fixed P by using KCl, KNO3, histidine, and malic acid as inorganic and organic compounds, which are quite common in soil. Goethite, gibbsite, and ferrihydrite, as well as hydroxide mixtures with varying Fe- and Al-ratio were selected as model substances of crystalline and amorphous Fe- and Al-hydroxides. Especially twoand multi-component hydroxide systems are common in soils, but they have barely been included in desorption studies. Goethite showed the highest desorption in the range from 70.4 to 81.0%, followed by gibbsite with values in the range from 50.7 to 42.6%. Ferrihydrite had distinctive lower desorption in the range from 11.8 to 1.9%. Within the group of the amorphous Fe-Al-hydroxide mixtures, P desorption was lowest at the balanced mixture ratio for 1 Fe: 1 Al, increased either with increasing Fe or Al amount. Precipitation and steric effects were concluded to be important influencing factors. More P was released by crystalline Fe-hydroxides, and Al-hydroxides of varying crystallinity, but desorption using histidine and malic acid did not substantially influence P desorption compared to inorganic constituents. KW - phosphorus kinetics KW - desorption KW - Fe-Al-hydroxide mixtures KW - histidine KW - malic acid Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems5020033 VL - 5 IS - 2 SP - 1 EP - 21 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Boldt-Burisch, Katja A1 - Schillem, Steffi A1 - Schneider, Bernd Uwe A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - The effect of nitrogen-modified lignite granules on mycorrhization and root and shoot growth of Secale cereale (winter rye) in a nutrient-deficient, sandy soil T2 - Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science N2 - Organic soil amendments such as modified lignite and biostimulants like arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) may have the potential to improve soil biological conditions of agricultural soils. The aim of the study was to test if nitrogen-modified lignite granules (NH) are beneficial for mycorrhization, root and shoot development compared to common mineral nitrogen (Nmin) in a nitrogen and phosphorus limited soil. A greenhouse experiment with Secale cereale L. was carried out using non-sterilized and sterilized sand substrate treated with NH, AMF or Nmin and AMF+NH and AMF+Nmin and was compared to an untreated substrate (control). 7.5 t ha-1 NH and 120 kg Nmin ha−1 led to a similar increase of AMF colonization compared to the control; however, Nmin had a more positive influence on biomass development. Significantly highest mycorrhizal colonization intensity was found for AMF+NH. The co-application of AMF+NH revealed that shoot and root development and shoot nutrient concentrations were significantly higher or were among the significantly highest values, when compared to the other treatments. AMF+NH may be a suitable soil amendment for nutrient-limited soils and may be more sustainable than Nmin due to a combined increase of nitrogen, AMF and carbon/humic acids in the soil that comes with the NH. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/03650340.2020.1869724 SN - 1476-3567 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schütze, Elisabeth A1 - Gypser, Stella A1 - Freese, Dirk T1 - Kinetics of phosphorus release from vivianite, hydroxyapatite, and bone char influenced by organic and inorganic compounds T2 - Soil Systems N2 - The availability of P is often insuffcient and limited by accumulation in soils. This led to the necessity of solutions for the recovery as well as recycling of secondary P resources. Batch experiments were conducted with CaCl2 and citric acid to characterize P release kinetics from vivianite, hydroxyapatite, and bone char. While the P release during the CaCl2 treatment was so low that only vivianite and hydroxyapatite showed a slightly higher release with increasing CaCl2 concentration, the increase of dissolved P was more pronounced for citric acid. The application of citric acid resulted in a 32,190-fold higher P release for bone char. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopic data suggested higher instability of hydroxyapatite than for bone char. The kinetic data showed that bone char, especially at a lower particle size, had a higher long-term P release than hydroxyapatite or vivianite. The suitability of hydroxyapatite and bone char as a poorly soluble, but sustainable P source is better than that of vivianite. However, the efficiency as a P fertilizer is also dependent on present soil P mobilization processes. The results underline the importance of the accessibility of fertilized or naturally bound P for plant roots to benefit from the excretion of organic acids. KW - bone char KW - hydroxyapatite KW - vivianite KW - phosphorus release KW - citric acid Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems4010015 SN - 2571-8789 VL - 4 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 20 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dimitrova, Tsvetelina A1 - Repmann, Frank A1 - Freese, Dirk T1 - Degradation of ferrocyanide by natural isolated bacteria T2 - International Journal of Phytoremediation N2 - This study aims at investigating the iron cyanide (CN) degradation potential of two natural bacterial isolates with the purpose of their application in iron CN phytoremediation. The strains were isolated from contaminated soil and incubated over 4 months with 50 mg L-1 CN (as ferrocyanide) as the sole iron and nitrogen source. Unlike previous reports, the study provides control for bacterial growth, biotic and abiotic CN losses. Bacterial growth, CN, ammonium, and nitrate concentrations were monitored regularly. Both strains grew less rapid with iron CN compared with the positive control. However, the growth was diauxic. The CN concentration in the media decreased with 20% and 25% respectively, while that in the sterile controls remained stable. Ammonium was detected in the media of both strains implying that a fraction of the initially applied ferrocyanide has been converted. The nitrogen lost from the system evened out with that in the cells at the end of the experiments. These results showed that the investigated strains were undoubtedly able to grow on iron CN as an alternative nitrogen source, but contrary to some previous findings, the iron CN utilization is much slower and takes place only after complete exhaustion of the cellular nitrogen reserves. KW - iron cyanide KW - detoxification KW - microorganisms Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/doi:10.1080/15226514.2019.1633996 SN - 1522-6514 VL - Vol. 22 IS - 1 SP - 20 EP - 28 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Howell, Armin A1 - Tucker, Colin A1 - Grote, Ed A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Belnap, Jayne A1 - Kast, Gerhard A1 - Weber, Bettina A1 - Reed, Sasha C. T1 - Manufacturing Simple and Inexpensive Soil Surface Temperature and Gravimetric Water Content Sensors T2 - Journal of Visualized Experiments N2 - Quantifying temperature and moisture at the soil surface is essential for understanding how soil surface biota responds to changes in its environment. However, at the soil surface these variables are highly dynamic and standard sensors do not explicitly measure temperature or moisture in the upper few millimeters of the soil profile. This manuscript describes methods for manufacturing simple, inexpensive sensors that simultaneously measure the temperature and moisture of the upper 5 mm of the soil surface. In addition to sensor construction, steps for quality control, as well as for calibration for various substrates, are explained. The sensors incorporate a Type E thermocouple to measure temperature and assess soil moisture by measuring the resistance between two gold-plated metal probes at the end of the sensor at a depth of 5 mm. The methods presented here can be altered to customize probes for different depths or substrates. These sensors have been effective in a variety of environments and have endured months of heavy rains in tropical forests as well as intense solar radiation in deserts of the southwestern U.S. Results demonstrate the effectiveness of these sensors for evaluating warming, drying, and freezing of the soil surface in a global change experiment. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3791/60308 SN - 1940-087X VL - 154 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nsiah, Paul Kofi A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang T1 - The potentials of biological geotextiles in erosion and sediment control during gold mine reclamation in Ghana T2 - Journal of Soils and Sediments N2 - Purpose Soil erosion is a significant environmental impact of surface mining affecting the initial establishment of vegetation, especially on steep slopes, during reclamation. Consequently, we investigated the potentials of biological geotextiles constructed from two local plants, Pennisetum purpureum and Broussonetia papyrifera, in reducing erosion and sedimentation during reclamation at Newmont Ghana Gold Limited. Materials and methods Six experimental plots were constructed on a 33% slope waste rock, covered with a 70-cm layer of stockpiled subsoil. Concrete gutters, lined with silt fence, were installed at the lower end of each plot to collect eroded sediment. The two kinds of biological geotextiles, BYork^ mat and elephant grass mat, were used with bare ground as control in a randomized block design with two replicates each. Data on sediment yield was collected after each substantial rainfall. The performance of each geotextile in reducing soil loss was expressed as a percentage from the mean total sediment yield. Results and discussion With total precipitation of 306 mm in the period April 18, to July 4, 2016, both elephant grass mat and York mat significantly (p < 0.05) reduced soil loss by 56.6% and 97.3%, respectively, compared to the control, indicating both mats were effective in erosion and sediment control. The relatively high performance of York mat was mainly attributed to its more fibers that provided less surface cover (70%) as well as flexibility of the fibers which enabled the mat to absorb more water during rainfall thus increasing its weight. This increase in weight promoted better drapability, with better erosion and sediment control. Gully formations at the site were primarily due to high concentrated runoff flows from the top of reclaiming benches, with time delays between completion of earthworks, geotextile placement, and seeding of plants as predisposing factors. Conclusions The York mat (YM) and the elephant grass mat (EM) individually acted as cover and protected the highly erodible graded mine slope against the erosive forces of tropical rain and runoff until vegetation establishment. Even so, planning and coordinating the reclamation program such that all earthworks are completed at the end of the dry season to enable geotextile installation and plant seeding at the onset of rains, together with installation of temporary slope drains in preventing gully formations from concentrated runoff flows, are considered to contribute significantly to the general reclamation success at Newmont Ghana Gold Limited (NGGL) and similar mine sites. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-018-2217-7 SN - 1614-7480 SN - 1439-0108 VL - 19 IS - 4 SP - 1995 EP - 2006 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Repmann, Frank A1 - Galatsidas, Spyridon A1 - Vlachaki, Despoina A1 - Gounaris, Nikos A1 - Baumgarten, Wibke A1 - Volkmann, Christiane A1 - Keramitzis, Dimitrios A1 - Kiourtsis, Fotios A1 - Freese, Dirk T1 - Assessment and quantification of marginal lands for biomass production in Europe using soil-quality indicators T2 - SOIL N2 - The cultivation of bioenergy plants in fertile, arable lands increasingly results in new land use conflicts with food production and cannot be considered as sustainable. Marginal lands have been frequently considered as potential alternatives for producing bioenergy from biomass. However, clear definitions and assessment methods for selecting marginal lands and for calculating potentials are still widely missing. The project “SEEMLA” aims at triggering the exploitation of currently underused marginal lands for biomass production for energy purposes. Study sites have been selected in different European countries: Germany, Greece, and Ukraine. The selected sites represent a wide variety of different types of marginal lands. Based on a soil assessment set given by the Muencheberg Soil Quality Rating (SQR) system potentially “marginal” sites have been investigated. The SQR system allows for clearly distinguishing between soils of higher and lower quality. Soils with SQR scores below 40 are regarded as “marginal”. They can be classified into different groups with regard to the importance of soil hazard indicators as evaluated by the SQR approach. The calculated SQR scores correlate significantly with biomass yields of bioenergy plants. Further, the SQR method was adapted for use in a GIS study on marginal-land potentials in Europe. Thus, 46% of the investigated European area could be classified as “marginal” with SQR scores below 40. From that area 22.6% can be considered as potentially suitable for producing renewable resources after eliminating protected sites or other places not suitable for any kind of land use. Taking the ecological demands of selected bioenergy plants into account it is possible to give first preliminary recommendations for regional crop cultivation. It can be concluded that Europe offers a large potential for renewable resources from marginal sites. However, the implementation into practice is often impeded by missing or varying policies and regulations. A proper implementation needs clear regulations and also incentives for farmers at the European level. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-4-267-2018 SN - 2199-398X SN - 2199-3971 VL - 4 IS - 4 SP - 267 EP - 290 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Boldt-Burisch, Katja A1 - Schneider, Bernd Uwe A1 - Naeth, M. Anne A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Root exudation of organic acids of herbaceous pioneer plants and their growth in steriled and non-steriled nutrient-poor, sandy soils from post-mining sites T2 - Pedosphere N2 - Nutrient-poor, sandy soils form the prevailing substrate at post-mining sites and present a challenge for plants. We studied the organic acid quantity and composition of three commonly occurring pioneer plant species, the legumes Lotus corniculatus L. and Trifolium arvense L. and the grass Calamagrostis epigeios (L.) Roth, to determine if plant growth and exudation differed with (nonsterile soil) and without (sterile soil) an indigenous soil microbial community. We investigated whether organic acids were found in the rhizosphere and surrounding soil and whether this influenced nutrient mobilization. This study consists of linked field investigations and a greenhouse experiment. Plants were grown in the greenhouse in either steriled or non-steriled sandy soil from a reclamation site in the Lusatian mining landscape (Welzow S¨ud, East Germany). After seven months, the plant biomass, root morphology, organic acids, and water-soluble nutrients and root colonization with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and dark septate endophytes (DSE) were analyzed. Roots of all three plants in the field and greenhouse experiments were highly colonized with AMF. Calamagrostis epigeios and T. arvense had a significantly higher colonization frequency with DSE than L. corniculatus. The quantity and composition of organic acids strongly differed among plant species, with the highest number of organic acids found for L. corniculatus and lowest for C. epigeios. The quantity of organic acids was greatly reduced in all plants under steriled soil conditions. However, the composition of organic acids and plant growth in steriled soil were reduced for both legumes, but not for C. epigeios, which had a higher biomass under steriled conditions. Changes in nutrient concentrations in the field rhizosphere soil relative to those in the control were measurable after seven months. While the spectrum of organic acids and the growth of legumes seemed to be dependent on a highly diverse soil microbial community and a symbiotic partner, the grass C. epigeios appeared capable of mobilizing enough nutrients without an indigenous microbial community, and might be more competitive on sites where soil microbial diversity and activity are low. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/S1002-0160(18)60056-6 SN - 1002-0160 VL - 29 IS - 1 SP - 34 EP - 44 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ahmed, Ashour A. A1 - Gypser, Stella A1 - Leinweber, Peter A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Kühn, Oliver T1 - Infrared Spectroscopic Characterization of Phosphate Binding at the Goethite-Water Interface T2 - Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics N2 - The interaction between phosphates and soil mineral surfaces, such as Fe- and Al-(oxyhydr)oxides, plays a crucial role in the P immobilization and thus its availability for plants. The reactions of phosphates with Fe-hydroxides and especially goethite have been studied extensively. But a molecular-level picture about the phosphate binding mechanism at the goethite-water interface is still lacking. Therefore, in the current contribution we have explored the molecular binding mechanism for the adsorbed phosphate at the goethite–water interface by performing sorption kinetics experiments for orthophosphate and characterizing the adsorbed species by FT-IR spectroscopy. In parallel, periodic DFT calculations have been performed to explore the interaction mechanism as well as to calculate the IR spectra for monodentate (M) and bidentate (B) orthophosphate complexes at two different goethite surface planes (010 and 100) in the presence of water. In general, our interaction energy results give evidence that the mono-protonated B phosphate complex is more favored to be formed at the goethite–water interface although the M motif could exist as a minor fraction. Moreover, it was found that water plays an important role in controlling the phosphate adsorption process at the goethite surfaces. The interfacial water molecules form H-bonds (HBs) with the phosphate as well as with the goethite surface atoms. Further, some water molecules form covalent bonds with goethite Fe atoms while others dissociate at the surface to protons and hydroxyl groups. The present theoretical assignment of IR spectra introduces a benchmark for characterizing experimental IR data for the adsorbed KH2PO4 species at the goethite–water interface. In particular, IR spectra of the mono-protonated (2O+1Fe) B complex at the 010 goethite surface plane and the M complex at the 100 goethite surface plane were found to be consistent with the experimental data. In order to explore the role of different abundancies of surface planes and binding motifs, IR spectra obtained from weighted averages have been analyzed. Results confirmed the above conclusions drawn from interaction energy calculations. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/C8CP07168C SN - 1463-9084 SN - 1463-9076 VL - 21 SP - 4421 EP - 4434 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Küppers, Manfred A1 - Küppers, Barbara I. L. A1 - Horna, Viviana A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Zimmermann, Reiner A1 - Lauerer, Marianne A1 - Aas, Gregor T1 - Green barks of trees from drought deciduous forests ("bosque seco") in northern Peru/southern Ecuador do not perform CAM T2 - Basic and Applied Dryland research N2 - Trees from drought deciduous forests (“bosque seco”) in northern Peru and southern Ecuador regularly shed their leaves at the onset of seven months-long periods without rain. This way they very effectively reduce the bulk water consumption by leaf transpiration, still loosing small amounts of water through their bark, but at the risk of too little or no carbon gain when leaf-less. Seven species studied here have good developed green cortex tissue on stems and axes, as especially evident for the “bottle tree” Ceiba trischistandra (A. Gray) Bakhuisen (Bombacaceae). In several leaf-less tree species at the end of summer drought, when xylem sap flows are very low, indications of higher xylem flows at night as compared to day-time were found, which led to the question of whether the trees are capable of performing CAM in their axes. However, although quite low in some cases, the pH of the cortex tissues did not fluctuate diurnally. In addition, no night-time carbon uptake could be observed. Although no net carbon gain was measured in C. trischistandra and Erythrina smithiana Krukoff (Fabaceae) photosynthetic activity of the green cortex was sufficient to re-assimilate between 50% to 60% of the carbon released by mitochondrial respiration. In contrast, the obligate CAM plant Cereus diffusus (Britton & Rose) Werdermann (Cactaceae), which was studied as a reference in the same environment, showed both diurnal pH-fluctuations in its green tissue with lowest values before sun rise, and net carbon fixation at night. Y1 - 2015 UR - https://www.researchgate.net/publication/280945188 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1127/badr/2015/0002 SN - 1864-3191 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Xiao, Bo A1 - Hu, Kelin A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Kidron, Giora J. T1 - Natural recovery rates of moss biocrusts after severe disturbance in a semiarid climate of the Chinese Loess Plateau T2 - Geoderma N2 - Biocrusts are vulnerable to large scale disturbances including trampling activities, and their recovery rates are highly variable with estimates fluctuating by more than one order of magnitude, from<5 years (very fast) to>250 years (very slow). Also, the development of microbial abundance and community diversity of biocrusts after disturbances is poorly understood. In a semiarid climate of the Chinese Loess Plateau, we conducted a recovery experiment on well-developed moss biocrusts after a severe disturbance, during which the entire upper 3 cm of the surface was removed. In the following nine years, the general characteristics and microbial community of the recovering and undisturbed biocrusts as well as a substrate with no crust (bare sand) were periodically determined. Through linear or logistic extrapolation of the observed recovery rates, the recovery time of the biocrusts after disturbance was estimated by both biocrust characteristics and microbial community. Recovery time yielded the following estimates: a) coverage within 3 years, b) thickness within 8 years, c) biomass within 9–13 years, and d) cultivable microbial density within 11–13 years. More importantly, the recovery time of the disturbed moss-biocrusts estimated by the number of bacteria and fungi was ~10 and 20 years, respectively, and that estimated by the bacterial and fungal community diversity was 12–14 and 12–16 years, respectively. In conclusion, moss biocrusts would take 15–20 years to achieve full recovery, which was shorter than many previously published estimates that regarded biocrusts and especially moss-dominated biocrusts to have a long recovery time of hundreds of years. However, it should be also kept in mind that very fast recovery (< 5 years) of biocrusts was less reliable because such estimations are mostly based on visual cover only rather than on the multi-variables of the recovering biocrusts. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2018.09.054 SN - 0016-7061 VL - 337 SP - 402 EP - 412 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dimitrova, Tsvetelina A1 - Repmann, Frank A1 - Freese, Dirk T1 - Detoxification of ferrocyanide in a soil-plant system T2 - Journal of Environmental Sciences N2 - The detoxification of iron cyanide in a soil–plant system was investigated to assess the total cyanide extracted fromcontaminated soil and allocated in the leaf tissue ofwillowtrees (Salix caprea). They were grown in soil containing up to 1000 mg/kg dry weight (dw) of cyanide (CN), added as 15N-labeled potassium ferrocyanide and prepared with a new method for synthesis of labeled iron cyanides. CN content and 15N enrichment were monitored weekly over the exposure in leaf tissue of different age. The 15N enrichment in the young and old leaf tissue reached up to 15.197‰and 9063‰, respectively; it increased significantly over the exposure and with increasing exposure concentrations (p < 0.05). Although the CN accumulation in the old leaf tissue was higher, compared to the young leaf tissue (p < 0.05), the 15N enrichment in the two tissue types did not differ statistically. This indicates a non-uniform CN accumulation but a uniform 15N allocation throughout the leaf mass. Significant differences were detected between the measured CN content and the C15N content, calculated fromthe 15N enrichment (p < 0.05), revealing a significant CN fraction within the leaf tissue, which could not be detected as ionic CN. The application of labeled iron CN clearly shows that CN is detoxified during uptake by the willows. However, these results do not exclude other detoxification pathways, not related to the trees. Still, they are strongly indicative of the central role the trees played in CN removal and detoxification under the experimental conditions. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2018.06.005 SN - 1001-0742 VL - 77 SP - 54 EP - 64 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kanzler, Michael A1 - Böhm, Christian A1 - Mirck, Jaconette A1 - Schmitt, Dieter A1 - Veste, Maik T1 - Microclimate effects on evaporation and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield within a temperate agroforestry system T2 - Agroforestry Systems N2 - This study investigates the spatial and temporal impact of microclimate conditions caused by poplar hedgerows in a short rotation alley cropping system (SRACS), and their effect on the atmospheric evaporative demand (AED) and the grain crop yield of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum var. Patras) in direct comparison to a common agricultural crop system. Microclimate was measured at nine positions distributed at the SRACS and an adjacent open field in Brandenburg State (Germany) from March to August 2016. Our hypothesis was that microclimate and AED was improved at SRACS, with traceable effects on the crop yield. The analysis of air temperature and water vapour deficit (VPD) data revealed significantly (p B 0.05) lower daytime values from June to August at the crop alley of the SRACS, which were generally most frequent at the poplar hedgerow and 3 m west positions. By contrast, wind speed was reduced at almost all the positions of our crop alley and during the entire measurement period during both day and night. The AED measured on sampling days in July was significantly (p B 0.001) reduced at the whole crop alley, with values from 24 to 32% in comparison to the open field. We observed a strong linear relationship (R2 & 0.78–0.99) between AED on one side and wind speed and VPD on the other side. The average grain yield within the SRACS was 16% higher than on the OF. However, our microclimate data were insufficient to explain this yield surplus. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-018-0289-4 SN - 1572-9680 SN - 0167-4366 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Winter, Susanne A1 - Zaplata, Markus K. A1 - Rzanny, Michael A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Fischer, Anton A1 - Ulrich, Werner T1 - Increasing ecological multifunctionality during early plant succession T2 - Plant Ecology N2 - Ecological multifunctionality quantifies the functional performance of various important plant traits and increases with growing structural habitat heterogeneity, number of plant functional traits, and species richness. However, the successional changes in multifunctionality have not been traced so far. We use quantitative plant samples of 1 m2 plots from the first 6 years of initial vegetation dynamics in a German created catchment to infer the temporal changes in plant functional trait space and multifunctionality. Multifunctionality at the plot level was in all study years lower than expected from a random sample of the local pool of potential colonizers and was lowest at intermediate states of succession. In each year species containing a specific set of traits occurred with limited but focused functionality. The observed average low degree of multifunctionality contrasts with recent models predicting a tendency towards maximum multifunctionality during plant community development. However, variability in multifunctionality among plots increased during succession and the respective multifunctionality distribution among plots was increasingly right skewed indicating an excess of plots with relatively high multifunctionality. This relative excess of plots with high multifunctionality might act as an important trigger of community development paving the way for new species and functions to become established. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-019-00930-3 SN - 1573-5052 VL - 220 IS - 4-5 SP - 499 EP - 509 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rieser, Jakob A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Thiel, Michael A1 - Schönbrodt-Stitt, Sarah T1 - Coverage and Rainfall Response of Biological Soil Crusts Using Multi-Temporal Sentinel-2 Data in a Central European Temperate Dry Acid Grassland T2 - Remote Sensing N2 - Biological soil crusts (BSCs) are thin microbiological vegetation layers that naturally develop in unfavorable higher plant conditions (i.e., low precipitation rates and high temperatures) in global drylands. They consist of poikilohydric organisms capable of adjusting their metabolic activities depending on the water availability. However, they, and with them, their ecosystem functions, are endangered by climate change and land-use intensification. Remote sensing (RS)-based studies estimated the BSC cover in global drylands through various multispectral indices, and few of them correlated the BSCs’ activity response to rainfall. However, the allocation of BSCs is not limited to drylands only as there are areas beyond where smaller patches have developed under intense human impact and frequent disturbance. Yet, those areas were not addressed in RS-based studies, raising the question of whether the methods developed in extensive drylands can be transferred easily. Our temperate climate study area, the ‘Lieberoser Heide’ in northeastern Germany, is home to the country’s largest BSC-covered area. We applied a Random Forest (RF) classification model incorporating multispectral Sentinel-2 (S2) data, indices derived from them, and topographic information to spatiotemporally map the BSC cover for the first time in Central Europe. We further monitored the BSC response to rainfall events over a period of around five years (June 2015 to end of December 2020). Therefore, we combined datasets of gridded NDVI as a measure of photosynthetic activity with daily precipitation data and conducted a change detection analysis. With an overall accuracy of 98.9%, our classification proved satisfactory. Detected changes in BSC activity between dry and wet conditions were found to be significant. Our study emphasizes a high transferability of established methods from extensive drylands to BSC-covered areas in the temperate climate. Therefore, we consider our study to provide essential impulses so that RS-based biocrust mapping in the future will be applied beyond the global drylands KW - Biological soil crusts Y1 - 2021 SN - 2072-4292 VL - 13 IS - 16 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sheppard, Jonathan P. A1 - Bohn Reckziegel, Rafael A1 - Borrass, Lars A1 - Chirwa, Paxie W. A1 - Cuaranhua, Claudio J. A1 - Hassler, Sibylle K A1 - Hoffmeister, Svenja A1 - Kestel, Florian A1 - Maier, Rebekka A1 - Mälicke, Mirko A1 - Morhart, Christopher A1 - Ndlovu, Nicholas P. A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Funk, Roger A1 - Lang, Friedericke A1 - Seifert, Thomas A1 - du Toit, Ben A1 - Kahle, Hans-Peter T1 - Agroforestry: An Appropriate and Sustainable Response to a Changing Climate in Southern Africa? T2 - Sustainability N2 - Agroforestry is often discussed as a strategy that can be used both for the adaptation to and the mitigation of climate change effects. The climate of southern Africa is predicted to be severely affected by such changes. With agriculture noted as the continent’s largest economic sector, issues such as food security and land degradation are in the forefront. In the light of such concerns we review the current literature to investigate if agroforestry systems (AFS) are a suitable response to the challenges besetting traditional agricultural caused by a changing climate. The benefits bestowed by AFS are multiple, offering ecosystem services, influence over crop production and positive impacts on rural livelihoods through provisioning and income generation. Nevertheless, knowledge gaps remain. We identify outstanding questions requiring further investigation such as the interplay between trees and crops and their combination, with a discussion of potential benefits. Furthermore, we identify deficiencies in the institutional and policy frameworks that underlie the adoption and stimulus of AFS in the southern African region. We uphold the concept that AFS remains an appropriate and sustainable response for an increased resilience against a changing climate in southern Africa for the benefit of livelihoods and multiple environmental values KW - agroforestry KW - Southern Africa Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/17/6796 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/su12176796 VL - 12 IS - 17 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Herppich, Werner B. T1 - Comparative ecophysiology of the leaf-succulents Augea capensis (C3) and Malephora purpureo-crocea (CAM) in the Knersvlakte, Succulent Karoo, South Africa T2 - Flora N2 - The generally accepted assumption that CAM is an important adaptation to the drought conditions in arid deserts is mainly based on studies in controlled environments comparing the respective photosynthetic pathways in plants of different morphology. Comparative long-term field studies on the ecophysiology of C3- and CAM succulents co-occurring in the same desert habitat are too rare to satisfactorily answer the old question whether the metabolic pathway or the succulence is more important to guarantee survival in such a harsh habitat. Thus, relevant ecophysiological parameters were repeatedly monitored on plants of the leaf succulents Augea capensis (C3) and Malephora purpureo-crocea (CAM), which commonly dominate a habitat in the Knersvlakte, Namaqualand, South Africa. Under identical conditions in the same habitat, carbon gain of the C3 species was higher than that of the CAM plant, but their WUE lower and maximum photosynthetic activity nearly the same. In M. purpureo-crocea, irrigation induced rapid whole day stomatal opening at drastically increased daytime but decreased night-time CO2-uptake, while respective responses of the C3 species were delayed. These different response dynamics were due to different rooting depth, root morphology and water acquisition strategy of the flat rooting CAM and the deep-rooting C3 species. This, however, may not explain the highly similar growth success. Anyway, the results verify that CAM provides no advantage over C3 for long-term survival in the same desert environment in morphologically similar succulents. KW - Mode of photosynthesis Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2021.151807 SN - 1618-0585 SN - 0367-2530 VL - 278 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Griebenow, Stian A1 - Makunga, Nokwanda P. A1 - Privett, Sean A1 - Strauss, Paula A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Kleinert, Aleysia A1 - Valentine, Alexander J. T1 - Soil pH influences the organic acid metabolism and exudation in cluster roots of protea species from the Mediterranean-type fynbos ecosystem, Western Cape, South Africa T2 - Rhizosphere N2 - In nutrient-poor ecosystems, certain plant families have evolved specific adaptations for phosphate acquisition, namely cluster roots or proteoid roots. Cluster rooted species have a unique suite of adaptations that enable them to survive in nutrient poor ecosystems, such as the Fynbos biome of South Africa. The Fynbos biome has heterogeneous soils which caused radiation of varying soil pH within small localised areas. Previous studies on cluster rooted species ignored the possibility that cluster root functioning may differ at varying soil pH levels and soil types. Therefore, two native Fynbos protea species, Protea cynaroides (L.) L. and Protea obtusifolia H.Buek ex Meisn. were compared to assess the impact of different soil pH levels on organic acid metabolism and exudation in cluster rooted species. Our results show that cluster roots of the acidic-soil grown P. cynaroides is more effective and more efficient than that of the alkaline-soil grown P. obtusifolia. Our findings indicate that the mechanisms for P acquisition vary greatly, depending on substrate and plant organ type. This suggests that the metabolism of each species is adapted to specific soil pH and that these species have evolutionary adapted their P acquisition mechanisms for these extreme soils. The limited nutrient availability and variation in soil pH South African soils has led to various localised adaptations for cluster rooted species. KW - Phosphorus KW - Nutrient poor ecosystems KW - Root research Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452219822000167 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rhisph.2022.100486 VL - Vol. 21 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Littmann, Thomas A1 - Kunneke, Anton A1 - Du Toit, Ben A1 - Seifert, Thomas T1 - Windbreaks as part of climate-smart landscapes reduce evapotranspiration in vineyards, Western Cape Province, South Africa T2 - Plant, Soil and Environment N2 - Under the conditions of climate change in South Africa, ecological and technical measures are needed to reduce the water consumption of irrigated crops. Windbreak hedges are long-rated systems in agriculture that significantly reduce wind speed. Their possibilities to reduce evapotranspiration and water demand are being investigated at a vineyard in the Western Cape Province, South Africa. Detailed measurements of meteorological parameters relevant for the computation of reference and crop-specific evapotranspiration following the FAO 56 approaches within a vineyard in the Western Cape Province of South Africa have shown the beneficial effect of an existing hedgerow consisting of 6 m high poplars (Populus simonii (Carrière) Wesm.). With reference to a control station in the open field, the mean wind speed in a position about 18 m from the hedgerow at canopy level (2 m) was reduced by 27.6% over the entire year and by 39.2% over the summer growing season. This effect leads to a parallel reduction of reference evapotranspiration of 15.5% during the whole year and of 18.4% over the growing season. When applying empirical crop-specific Kc values for well-irrigated grapes, the reduction of evapotranspiration is 18.8% over the summer growth period. The introduced tree shelterbelts are a suitable eco-engineering approach to reduce water consumption and to enhance water saving in vineyards. KW - dry areas KW - viticulture KW - climate change KW - agroforestry Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.agriculturejournals.cz/web/pse.htm?type=article&id=616_2019-PSE U6 - https://doi.org/10.17221/616/2019-PSE SN - 1214-1178 SN - 1805-9368 VL - 66 IS - 3 SP - 119 EP - 127 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. A1 - Gerwin, Werner T1 - Landscape Development From Point Zero T2 - Pacific Science N2 - Severe disturbances of landscapes entail an ecosystem development with the formation of structures and functions which may reach either a new equilibrium state or a state similar to the original ecosystem. Natural disturbances can result from major events such as volcanoes, glaciers, or denudations from landslides. Major disturbance may also evolve from anthropogenic influences such as from mining operations. They all can be considered starting points for the development of ecosystems from ‘point zero’, which was one central research interest of Dieter Mueller-Dombois. In this paper results from research in the Lusatian post-mining landscapes (Eastern Germany) are presented. Different methodological approaches are discussed. The well-defined ‘point zero’ of the ecosystem development allows for research on chronosequence designs as well as real time series studies. Chronosequences have been investigated to gain insight into the medium to long-term direction of the development. Real time series are recorded to obtain a more detailed understanding. The paper is structured into three main parts: First, effects of ecosystem disturbances by mining in Lusatia and the initial conditions for restoration are presented. In the following part practical rehabilitation measures and land use options are discussed. Finally, the third part summarizes results of long-term monitoring in an artificial watershed. In conclusion, post-mining landscapes allow for relevant case studies of ecosystem development after severe disturbances. Particularly, the starting point of the initial phase is very well defined which distinguishes these anthropogenically disturbed landscapes from landscapes after natural disturbances. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2984/77.2.11 SN - 1534-6188 VL - 77 IS - 2-3 SP - 309 EP - 325 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nsiah, Paul Kofi A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang T1 - Subsoil Amendment With Poultry Manure as Topsoil Substitute for Promoting Successful Reclamation of Degraded Mine Sites in Ghana T2 - Journal of Natural Resources and Development N2 - Background: Despite the key role topsoil plays in reclamation, there are situations where topsoil is in deficit or unavailable, especially at degraded and abandoned mine sites in Ghana. The sites pose serious ecological and safety risks, underscoring the urgent need to finding alternative substrate for restoration. This study investigated the feasibility of using amended-subsoil as topsoil substitute for reclamation. The hypothesis was that amendment of stockpiled-subsoil with poultry manure positively influences tree growth and ground vegetation cover (GVC), which promote better soil stabilization at degraded mine sites. A graded waste-rock dump was covered with a 70 cm layer of the stockpiled subsoil at Newmont Ghana Gold Limited. Two experimental plots (24 × 15 m) were established with the treatments poultry manure (PLM 23 t ha-1) and control (no PLM), followed by seeding of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) and planting of potted-seedlings of five forest tree species. The Laser-point-quadrat method was used to estimate GVC, whereas erosion was visually observed. Diameter and height data of planted trees and surviving numbers were collected. Results: There was significant increase in tree growth and in GVC for the poultry manure treatment compared to the control. The manure provided sufficient nitrogen to overcome nitrogen deficiency and facilitated quicker and stronger vegetation growth that yielded superior soil stabilization. Conclusions: The findings demonstrate the potential of manure application in promoting successful restoration of the many degraded and abandoned mine sites in Ghana to productive uses. Y1 - 2020 SN - 0719-2452 VL - 10 SP - 1 EP - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Geldenhuys, Heinrich A1 - Lötze, Elmi A1 - Veste, Maik T1 - Fruit Quality and Yield of Mandarin (Citrus reticulata) in Orchards with Different Windbreaks in the Western Cape, South Africa T2 - Erwerbs-Obstbau N2 - Windbreaks, trees, structures, and shade nets are used in South Africa to protect citrus orchards from wind scar damage to avoid major losses in export quality. Severe southeasterly winds in the Western Cape during spring and summer are the main causes of significant external peel damage. In this study, wind scar damage of ‘Tango’ mandarin (Citrus reticulata) fruit was quantified at different distances from established Casuarina cunninghamiana (Beefwood) and Populus simonii (Chinese Poplar) windbreaks around Stellenbosch, Western Cape, South Africa. The yield efficiency was not significantly affected by distance from the windbreak in either of the trials. Fruit at 2 H and 3 H had significantly lower ratios of total soluble solids to titratable acidity, but export standards for mandarins were still met. The wind speed was consistently higher at 16 H, compared with 3 H during summer. The highest packout (class 1 fruit) was observed near the windbreak (3 H) and decreased as the distance increased towards 10 H and 16 H. There were no significant differences for severe wind scar damage incidence between the distance treatments. Our results confirmed the impact of wind on external fruit quality and the limitation of tree-based windbreaks with an increase in distance, which partly supports the current movement towards full enclosure of orchards with shade nets. KW - Agroforestry KW - Citrus orchards KW - yield KW - South Africa Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10341-022-00725-3 SN - 1439-0302 VL - 65 (2023) IS - 4 SP - 959 EP - 969 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kidron, Giora J. A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Lichner, Lubomir T1 - Biological factors impacting hydrological processes: Pecularities of plants and biological soil crusts T2 - Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics N2 - The effects of biological factors on the water cycle and subsequently on hydrological processes have wide and profound consequences on ecosystem structure, function and management. A profound understanding of their effects is of prime importance especially in light of climate change projection KW - Biological soil crusts Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2478/johh-2021-0031 SN - 1338-4333 VL - 69 IS - 4 SP - 357 EP - 359 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wachendorf, Magnus A1 - Schloz, Mona A1 - Küppers, Manfred A1 - Güney, Aylin A1 - Veste, Maik T1 - Wintertime photosynthesis and spring recovery of Ilex Aquifolium L. T2 - iForest Biogeosciences and Forestry N2 - Former studies using the chlorophyll fluorescence technique on evergreen Ilex aquifolium L. showed that its photosynthetic potential for electron transport in winter recovers quickly when exposed to more favorable conditions. Since little is known, however, about its photosynthetic carbon gain in winter, we investigated its leaf gas exchange over an entire winter and spring period. Measurements were made rotationally in the field and in the laboratory to also investigate if I. aquifolium profits from warmer phases during winter in terms of net carbon gain. From the end of autumn until the end of spring, three different climate-driven phases of photosynthetic responses could be distinguished: first, an acclimation phase which lasted until February and was characterized by a gradually decreasing light-saturated gross photosynthesis (Amax(gross)), decreasing apparent quantum yield of CO₂-assimilation (ɸi) and a decreasing ability of these parameters to recover overnight inside the laboratory. At the same time, maximal quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm) could fully regenerate. In this phase, single warmer days had a positive effect on carbon assimilation. Second, a phase of relatively constant but low photosynthesis which was virtually unaffected by temperature, lasting for almost two months occurred. Here, Amax(gross) and ɸi had lost their ability to recover from winter conditions in the field, while Fv/Fm was much less affected. I. aquifolium was still able to conduct positive light-saturated net photosynthesis at a leaf temperature of -0.5°C, but during this time it could not profit from milder temperatures in terms of carbon gain. Third, a phase of increasing photosynthesis (spring recovery) occurred, starting in March when the 5-day average temperature was above 5°C and radiation in the field increased, and where all parameters slowly recovered from winter depressions. Our findings show that I. aquifolium is photosynthetically active over the whole winter, even at temperatures around 0°C. In terms of carbon gain, however, I. aquifolium does not profit from warmer phases during winter, despite the fast recovery seen in chlorophyll fluorescence measurements. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3832/ifor2983-012 SN - 1971-7458 VL - 12 IS - 4 SP - 389 EP - 396 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Koch, Maximilian A1 - Guppy, Christopher A1 - Amelung, Wulf A1 - Gypser, Stella A1 - Bol, Roland A1 - Seidel, Sabine A1 - Siebers, Nina T1 - Insights into ³³phosphorus utilisation from Fe- and A-hydroxides in Luvisol and Ferralsol subsoils T2 - Soil Research N2 - There is currently relatively little available information on subsoil phosphorus (P) use for crop production as a function of soil order. In this study, a rhizobox experiment was performed using subsoils of two reference soil groups, an Orthic Ferralsol and a Haplic Luvisol. To evaluate the immediate P uptake by wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) from different subsoil P pools during 14 days of growth, subsoil bands were spiked with KH₂PO₄ solution associated to Fe-hydroxide (³³P-Fe), to Al-hydroxide (³³P-Al), in free form (³³P-OrthoP), or in trace amounts without any additional ³¹P (³³P-NoP). At the beginning of the experiment, the soil water content was set at 75% of water-holding capacity, corresponding to an initial soil matric potential of -12 ± 1 kPa. During plant growth, soil moisture decreased in both soils, but soil matric potentials in both soils did not drop below field capacity (-33 kPa; pF 2.5). The shoot dry weights of the Ferralsol were 1.2 to 1.8 times those of the Luvisol. Despite elevated soil P availability in the Luvisol, shoot P concentrations did not differ between the two soils. The amount of ³³P taken up by the shoots from the oxide phases was 15% to 40% greater in the Ferralsol treatments than in those in the Luvisol treatments. It was concluded that the more favourable physical soil conditions facilitated ³³P uptake from both oxidic phases from the Ferralsol subsoil relative to the Luvisol subsoil, despite better P phytoavailability in the latter. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1071/SR18223 SN - 1838-6768 VL - 57 IS - 5 SP - 447 EP - 458 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Thell, Arne A1 - Hansson, Mats A1 - Persson, Per-Erik A1 - Seaward, Mark R.D. A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Hedrén, Mikael T1 - ETS and plastid sequence data indicate a spontaneous origin of Scandinavian betony, Betonica officinalis L. T2 - Biologia Futura N2 - Background and aims: Betony (Betonica officinalis L.) is one of the rarest and most spectacular plants in the Scandinavian flora. A long-term question has been whether it is spontaneous or introduced, or whether it comprises both spontaneous and introduced populations. This study aimed to answer this question by analyzing sequence data from the nuclear external transcribed spacer (ETS) region and three regions of the plastid genome, the trnT–trnL intergenic spacer (IGS) region, tRNA-Leu (trnL) intron, and the trnS–trnG IGS. Materials and methods: Altogether 41 samples from 11 European countries were analyzed. A unique duplication in the trnT–trnL IGS was detected in material from Skåne (southern Sweden), the “Skåne-duplication.” Populations with this duplication are united on a moderately supported branch in the phylogeny based on plastid sequences. A distinct heath genotype from Yorkshire was discovered in the phylogeny based on plastid sequences and in a comparative cultivation. Results: Phylogeny based on ETS sequences does not support any Scandinavian group, whereas a principal coordinates analysis ordination based on variable ETS positions indicated a spontaneous origin for all Scandinavian populations, which comprise a genetically well-defined subgroup of the species, most closely related to other spontaneous populations from adjacent parts of continental parts of Northern Europe. Discussion: Seven possible naturally occurring localities remain in Scandinavia, five in central Skåne, southernmost Sweden, and two on the southwestern part of the Danish island of Lolland. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1556/019.70.2019.27 SN - 2676-8607 VL - 70 IS - 3 SP - 218 EP - 239 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kayatz, Benjamin A1 - Baroni, Gabriele A1 - Hillier, Jon A1 - Lüdtke, Stefan A1 - Heathcote, Richard A1 - Malin, Daniella A1 - Tonder, Carl van A1 - Kuster, Benjamin A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. A1 - Wattenbach, Martin T1 - Cool Farm Tool Water: A global on-line tool to assess water use in crop production T2 - Journal of Cleaner Production N2 - The agricultural sector accounts for 70% of all water consumption and poses great pressure on ground water resources. Therefore, evaluating agricultural water consumption is highly important as it allows supply chain actors to identify practices which are associated with unsustainable water use, which risk depleting current water resources and impacting future production. However, these assessments are often not feasible for crop producers as data, models and experiments are required in order to conduct them. This work introduces a new on-line agricultural water use assessment tool that provides the water footprint and irrigation requirements at field scale based on an enhanced FAO56 approach combined with a global climate, crop and soil databases. This has been included in the Cool Farm Tool e an online tool which already provides metrics for greenhouse gas emissions and biodiversity impacts and therefore allows for a more holistic assessment of environmental sustainability in farming and agricultural supply chains. The model is tested against field scale and state level water footprint data providing good results. The tool provides a practical, reliable way to assess agricultural water use, and offers a means to engage growers and stakeholders in identifying efficient water management practices. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.09.160 SN - 0959-6526 VL - 207 SP - 1163 EP - 1179 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seserman, Diana-Maria A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Swieter, Anita A1 - Langhof, Maren A1 - Veste, Maik T1 - Trade-Off between Energy Wood and Grain Production in Temperate Alley-Cropping Systems: An Empirical and Simulation-Based Derivation of Land Equivalent Ratio T2 - Agriculture N2 - The alley-cropping systems (ACSs), which integrate parallel tree strips at varying distances on an agricultural field can result, complementarity of resource use, in an increased land-use efficiency. Practitioners’ concerns have been directed towards the productivity of such systems given a reduced area covered by agricultural crops. The land equivalent ratio (LER) serves as a valuable productivity indicator of yield performance and land-use efficiency in ACSs, as it compares the yields achieved in monocultures to those from ACSs. Consequently, the objective of this combined experimental and simulation study was to assess the tree- and crop-yields and to derive the LER and gross energy yield for two temperate ACSs in Germany under different design scenarios, i.e., tree arrangements (lee- or wind-ward) and ratios of tree area to crop area. Both LER and gross energy yields resulted in a convex curve where the maximum values were achieved when either the tree or crop component was dominant (>75% of the land area) and minimum when these components shared similar proportions of land area. The implications of several design scenarios have been discussed in order to improve the decision-making, optimization, and adaptation of the design of ACSs with respect to site-specific characteristics Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture9070147 SN - 2077-0472 VL - 9 IS - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schillem, Steffi A1 - Schneider, Bernd Uwe A1 - Zeihser, Uwe A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Effect of N-modified Lignite Granulates and Composted Biochar on Plant Growth, Nitrogen and Water Use Efficiency of Spring Wheat T2 - Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science N2 - Organic soil amendments such as biochar are increasingly used to improve the fertility of degraded soils and marginal lands, plant growth, water retention and carbon sequestration. The performance of biochar depends on the parent material, the pyrolysis conditions and the nutrient enrichment process, accounting for the variability of the final products. Recently lignite granulates came into focus offering an alternative characterised by homogeneity, vast availability of the raw material and a standardised production process including nitrogen enrichment through oxidative ammonolysis. In a greenhouse experiment the effects of N-modified lignite granulates (NLG) and composted biochar (BC) on the growth of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) in a sandy, carbon-free substrate were compared. Additionally, the effect of different NLG application rates (5, 7.5, 11, 15, 28 t ha−1) was investigated. Yields as well as nitrogen and water use efficiency of the soil-plant system were determined at the end of the experiment. Both organic amendments increased yields relative to control plants. An increase in yield, nitrogen and water use efficiency for NLG even at low application rates and a better growth performance compared to BC were observed. Present findings, therefore, indicate, that such granulates offer an alternative to existing organic soil amendments. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/03650340.2019.1582767 SN - 1476-3567 SN - 0365-0340 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Medinski, Tetiana A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Reitz, Thomas T1 - Changes in soil phosphorus balance and phosphorus-use efficiency under long-term fertilization conducted on agriculturally used Chernozem in Germany T2 - Canadian Journal of Soil Science N2 - This study investigates changes in soil phosphorus (P) in different fertilization treatments applied since 1902 on Chernozem soil at a “Static Fertilization Experiment” in Germany. Total and plant-available soil P, and soil P balances were assessed at 0–30, 30–60, and 60–90 cm depth layers in unfertilized “Zero”, mineral “NK” and “NPK”, and combined mineral and organic “FYM + NK” (farmyard manure + NK) and “FYM + NPK” fertilization treatments. P-use efficiencies were determined for each crop in rotation (sugar beet, spring barley, potato, and winter wheat). The 110 yr of P fertilization at rates between 22 and 55 t ha−1 yr−1 resulted in a significant increase of available P contents. P stocks increased up to 60 cm depth. Total P accumulation comprised 1.4 t ha−1 for NPK, 1.3 t ha−1 for FYM + NK, and 3.1 t ha−1 for FYM + NPK. Crops cultivation without P fertilization in Zero and NK treatments resulted in negative P balances and reduction of available P below recommended levels. Reduction of mineral P application rates after 1981, along with crop variety-dependent yield increases, resulted in an improved P-use efficiency. An organic fertilization combined with mineral N and K fertilizers (FYM + NK) was found to be the most P-efficient treatment for Chernozem soils. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1139/cjss-2018-0061 SN - 1918-1841 SN - 0008-4271 VL - 98 IS - 4 SP - 650 EP - 662 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Moghadas, Davood A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Badorreck, Annika A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - A web-based platform for terrestrial data repository from Chicken Creek catchment T2 - Earth Science Informatics N2 - Exploring hydrological and ecological processes plays a key role in understanding ecosystem developments. In this respect, the constructed catchment, Chicken Creek, has been established for fundamental and interdisciplinary scientific research. Since 2005, an ongoing monitoring program has been launched to measure hydrological, biological, meteorological, and pedological parameters during the ecological development of the site. This comprehensive and multidisciplinary monitoring program has produced a diverse large data set. Handling such complex data for research purposes can be a cumbersome task. Consequently, we developed an online data portal (https://www.b-tu.de/chicken-creek/apps/datenportal/) to efficiently handle the data from Chicken Creek catchment. The portal was constructed using Shiny package of the R programming language. This platform provides a web-based data repository allowing for data discovery, download, visualization, and analysis. The data include time series of different parameters from installed sensors, data from laboratory analyses, vegetation data, data from sampling campaigns, and aerial photos. This platform demonstrates the relevancy and potentiality of the R-Shiny for constructing an online data portal to be used for multidisciplinary scientific purposes. The Chicken Creek data portal thus provides a comprehensive and reliable database to give scientists a fast and easy access to all collected data. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12145-019-00385-0 SN - 1865-0481 VL - 12 IS - 4 SP - 671 EP - 684 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seserman, Diana-Maria A1 - Freese, Dirk T1 - Handling Data Gaps in Reported Field Measurements of Short Rotation Forestry T2 - Data N2 - Filling missing data in forest research is paramount for the analysis of primary data, forest statistics, land use strategies, as well as for the calibration/validation of forest growth models. Consequently, our main objective was to investigate several methods of filling missing data under a reduced sample size. From a complete dataset containing yearly first-rotation tree growth measurements over a period of eight years, we gradually retrieved two and then four years of measurements, hence operating on 72% and 43% of the original data. Secondly, 15 statistical models, five forest growth functions, and one biophysical, process-oriented, tree growth model were employed for filling these data gap representations accounting for 72% and 43% of the available data. Several models belonging to (i) regression analysis, (ii) statistical imputation, (iii) forest growth functions, and (iv) tree growth models were applied in order to retrieve information about the trees from existing yearly measurements. Subsequently, the findings of this study could lead to finding a handy tool for both researchers and practitioners dealing with incomplete datasets. Moreover, we underline the paramount demand for far-sighted, long-term research projects for the expansion and maintenance of a short rotation forestry (SRF) repository. KW - Yield-SAFE KW - Missing Data KW - Regression KW - Imputation Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/data4040132 SN - 2306-5729 VL - 4 IS - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kwak, Jin-Hyeob A1 - Chang, Scott X. A1 - Naeth, M. Anne A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang T1 - Coarse woody debris effects on greenhouse gas emission rates depend on cover soil type in oil sands reclamation T2 - Applied Soil Ecology N2 - Peat mineral soil mix (PMM) and forest floor mineral soil mix (FMM) are cover soils commonly used for land reclamation, while coarse woody debris (CWD) can be added to create structural diversity and provide an additional source of organic matter. However, the effect of cover soil type and CWD on emission rates of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide (CO₂) methane (CH₄) and nitrous oxide (N₂O) in reclaimed oil sands soils has not been studied. Soil respiration, CH₄ uptake and N₂O emission rates were studied in a factorial experiment consisting of 2 cover soils (FMM vs PMM) × 2 sampling distances from the CWD (near vs away from CWD). Greenhouse gas emission rates were measured in July, August, and September 2012 and 2013 using static chambers. Soil respiration rates were greater in FMM than in PMM regardless of the distance from CWD at each sampling time (p < 0.05). Rates ranged from 461 to 1148 and 293 to 677 mg CO2 m⁻²h⁻¹for FMM and PMM, respectively, in 2012, and from 355 to 1318 and 235 to 700 mg CO2 m⁻²h⁻¹, respectively, in 2013. The CWD increased soil respiration by 22–33% in FMM but not in PMM. Soil respiration rates were positively related to microbial biomass carbon (p = 0.004) and nitrogen (p < 0.001). Soil respiration rates decreased from July to September in 2012 and 2013, and were positively related to soil temperature (p < 0.01) but not with soil water content measured at 5 cm depth. Methane uptake rates were greater in FMM (0.026–0.037) than in PMM (0.015–0.028 mg CH₄⁻²h⁻¹. The CWD increased CH4 uptake rates only in July and August 2012 in FMM, and were negatively related to soil water content (p < 0.001) but not to soil temperature. Nitrous oxide emission rates (0.001–0.016 mg N₂O m⁻²h⁻¹) were not affected by either cover soil type or CWD. Global warming potential of CO₂, CH₄ and N₂O effluxes was greater in FMM than in PMM and near CWD than away from CWD, especially in FMM. Our study demonstrates that applying CWD for oil sands reclamation increases organic matter decomposition (increased CO₂ evolution), driven by the effect on microbial populations. Results from this study provide support to findings in earlier studies that CWD application benefits vegetation establishment through enhancing soil processes in reclaimed oil sands lands. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.12.006 SN - 0929-1393 VL - 100 SP - 124 EP - 134 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kleefeld, Andreas A1 - Gypser, Stella A1 - Herppich, Werner B. A1 - Bader, Georg A1 - Veste, Maik T1 - Identification of spatial pattern of photosynthesis hotspots in moss- and lichen-dominated biological soil crusts by combining chlorophyll fluorescence imaging and multispectral BNDVI images T2 - Pedobiologia N2 - Although biological soil crusts can be found in open landscapes worldwide, their species composition depends on soil properties such as texture and pH, on microclimate, and their respective developmental stage. In addition, local variations in water holding capacity and/or chemical properties of soils influence the formation of spatial patterns and different types of biocrusts on the landscape level. For the evaluation of biocrusts functions and their impact on soil carbon pools, the analysis of the interrelationship between photosynthetic activity and the variations of spatial distribution pattern and types of biocrust is indispensable. For this purpose, an image processing approach was applied that combined chlorophyll fluorescence analyses and multispectral BNDVI to comprehensively characterize the spatial patterns of photosynthetic hotspots in biological soil crusts. For image analysis, five biological soil crust samples with different ratios of substrate, mosses and lichens were collected on an inland dune system in Lieberose, dominated by the moss Polytrichum piliferum, and the lichens Cladonia fimbriata and C. coccifera. RGB-images of the biocrusts were taken with a standard consumer camera Nikon 5200, BNDVI images with a modified Canon S110 NIR camera and chlorophyll fluorescence images with a modular open FluorCAM FC 800-O/1010, respectively. BNDVI and Fv/Fm were nearly in the same range for all biocrust samples related to the total surface area. Although mosses showed higher BNDVI than lichens within the separate biocrust samples. F0 and Fm increased with species coverage and with advancing biocrust development. Overlapping of BNDVI with F0 and Fm images showed that not all crustal organisms contribute to BNDVI and chlorophyll fluorescence. The overlapping areas of BNDVI and F0 ranged between 13% and 29%, that of BNDVI and Fm between 17% and 47%. Matching of RGB, BNDVI and CFI allows visualizing spatial pattern with high or low photosynthesis in biocrusts. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedobi.2018.04.001 SN - 1873-1511 VL - 68 SP - 1 EP - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stover, Holly J. A1 - Naeth, M. Anne A1 - Boldt-Burisch, Katja T1 - Soil disturbance changes arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi richness and composition in a fescue grassland in Alberta Canada T2 - Applied Soil Ecology N2 - Native grasslands are endangered by non-native plant invasion worldwide, including foothills fescue grasslands in North America. Large populations of non-native plant species have established in these disturbed fescue grasslands, forming dense monocultures and spreading into undisturbed areas. Soil disturbance and plant invasion can alter the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) community, an important symbiotic partner of most land plants, which could negatively affect native plant reestablishment. The objective of this study was to assess whether AMF communities on a fescue grassland shifted in response to disturbances by landfill storage and gravel quarrying and with invasion of non-native plant species relative to undisturbed grassland. Soil and root-AMF samples were procured from disturbed and undisturbed areas at three sites. Plant canopy cover and species richness were assessed. Soils were analyzed for pH; electrical conductivity; total nitrogen, carbon and phosphorus; and available nutrients. For relative AMF taxa abundance assessment, NS31 and AMF specific primer AML2 were used to amplify a central fragment of the V3 and V4 region of the 18S rRNA gene. AMF were characterized using 454 pyrosequencing and multiplexed barcoded samples amplified from genomic DNA isolated from roots. There were 92 AMF, including 15 potentially novel taxa detected. AMF communities in disturbed and undisturbed sampling locations were distinct except for one site, and indicator AMF virtual taxa (VT) for undisturbed grassland and disturbed sites were identified. AMF richness was higher in undisturbed (72 VT) than disturbed (64 VT) sites and AMF richness was positively correlated with plant species richness, diversity and native plant cover, and negatively correlated with non-native plant cover. There were 43 AMF VT on undisturbed and disturbed sites, 62% with higher relative abundance on disturbed sites. Site disturbance shifted AMF communities relative to undisturbed native fescue grassland; thus restoration success with native plants might be highly dependent on reintroducing native AMF. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2018.07.008 SN - 0929-1393 VL - Vol. 131 SP - 29 EP - 37 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Carl, Christin A1 - Biber, Peter A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Landgraf, Dirk A1 - Pretzsch, Hans T1 - Key drivers of competition and growth partitioning among Robinia pseudoacacia L. trees T2 - Forest Ecology and Management N2 - Competition for above- and below-ground resources depends on their availability and results in varied growth partitioning. This becomes clear as the supply and limitation of the main resources influence the slope of the size-growth relationship in stands. Nevertheless, growth partitioning among trees, especially among black locust (R. pseudoacacia) trees is not understood in sufficient detail. To scrutinize and estimate the mode of competition of R. pseudoacacia, this research analyzed 1333 trees in Germany in 10 study sites, consisting in total 27 sample plots, with similar climate but varying soil conditions. The stand age ranged from 2 to 32 years, with a diameter at breast height ranging from 0.6 to 29.1 cm. The main focus of the study was to evaluate the impact of nitrogen, phosphorus, and water supply on the competition mode of R. pseudoacacia by varying growth partitioning. We applied the size–growth relationship in a mixed-effects model with a random intercept and slope. Fixed effects were the basal area, phosphorus, water, the sunlight competition index, and the interactions between below- and above-ground resources. Site specific effects of the analyzed stands were quantified with the aid of the random effects. Depending on the supply and limitation of phosphorus and water, this study determined how the competition mode as well as the growth partitioning among R. pseudoacacia trees were influenced. Hence, if phosphorus and water availability increased, then the competition for above-ground resources (primarily sunlight) and the slope of the size–growth relationship increased. Large trees grew disproportionately more than smaller trees. If the available phosphorus and water decreased, then the competition for the below-ground resources increased and the slope of the size–growth relationship decreased – to be more flattened. Moreover, it was found that available nitrogen as a below-ground resource had no influence on the mode of competition. In summary, phosphorus was the most important nutrient and, together with water, was the main driver of growth partitioning among R. pseudoacacia trees. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2018.08.002 SN - 0378-1127 VL - 430 SP - 86 EP - 93 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Veste, Maik T1 - Carbon cycling of biological soil crusts mirrors ecological maturity along a Central European inland dune catena T2 - Catena N2 - Photosynthesis and respiration of biological soil crusts (BSCs) sampled along a mobile inland dune catena were determined to evaluate the applicability of Odum’s P/R ratio, determined under controlled conditions, for estimation of ecosystem maturity. The theory is that in the early stages of ecological succession, the total photosynthesis (P) exceeds the rate of community respiration (R), so that the P/R ratio is greater than 1, and that P/R approaches 1 as succession occurs. In the special case of organic pollution, the P/R ratio is typically less than 1. Samples were collected in the deflation zone of the dune near the crest (BSC1, thickness 2-3 mm), at the lee side of grass tussocks at the slope (BSC2, thickness 2-4 mm) and near the base (BSC3, thickness 4-6 mm). Non crusted sand was used as control (BSC0). Photosynthesis, respiration, crust biomass, as well as fossil and allochthonous pedogenic carbon entering the system with mineral substrate were determined. The respiration of the BSC1 was dominated by the degradation of allochthonous organic matter, leading to a diminished P/R ratio. The better developed BSC2 and BSC3 were less influenced by allochthonous organic matter, where BSC maturity increased downslope with biomass increase. No significant relation between the P/R ratio and soil water tension was found. Crust carbon pools increased and flows intensified, but mineralization constants decreased with system maturation. It was concluded that Odum’s P/R ratio and accumulation of recalcitrant to biodegradation organic matter are indicative for biocrust maturity. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2017.09.004 SN - 0341-8162 VL - 160 SP - 68 EP - 75 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Boldt-Burisch, Katja A1 - Naeth, M. Anne T1 - Heterogeneous soil conditions influence fungal alkaline phosphatase activity in roots of Lotus corniculatus T2 - Applied Soil Ecology N2 - Extremes in soil water, temperature, pH and inorganic nutrient availability can highly influence mycorrhizal formation and nutrient acquisition. However, the influence of soil heterogeneity and seasonal soil changes on fungal alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in mycorrhizal roots is unknown. Whether the activity of intraradical fungal ALP is influenced by soil texture heterogeneity, soil depth, nutrient concentrations and root density during the growing season were addressed in this research. The root system of Lotus corniculatus grown on a reclamation site was analyzed for intraradical mycorrhizal ALP activity in 0–10, 10–20 and 20–30 cm depth increments of sandy soil and in clay–silt fragments (mostly localized in 10–20 cm) from May to September. Root length density and water soluble nutrient contents in sandy soil and clay–silt fragments were determined for each sample. Soil water content and soil temperature data of a nearby site were used for climate conditions on sampling dates. Fungal ALP activity in roots growing in clay–silt fragments was higher than in those growing in sandy soil, independent of sampling date. Fungal ALP activity in sandy soil increased with soil depth which is related to decreasing root densities and lower nutrient concentrations. However, nutrient dense clay–silt fragments significantly positively influenced local mycorrhizal ALP activity in L. corniculatus roots, suggesting that the ability of mycorrhizae to selectively take up phosphorus and other nutrients from those nutrient hot spots is enhanced and could play a significant role in successful establishment of pioneer plant species on infertile reclamation sites. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.03.024 SN - 0929-1393 VL - 116 SP - 55 EP - 63 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Boldt-Burisch, Katja A1 - Naeth, M. Anne A1 - Schneider, Uwe A1 - Schneider, Beate A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Plant growth and arbuscular mycorrhizae development in oil sands processing by-products T2 - Science of the Total Environment N2 - Soil pollutants such as hydrocarbons can induce toxic effects in plants and associated arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). This study was conducted to evaluate if the legume Lotus corniculatus and the grass Elymus trachycaulus and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi could growin two oil sands processing by-products after bitumen extraction fromthe oil sands in northern Alberta, Canada. Substrate treatmentswere coarse tailings sand (CTS), a mix of dry mature fine tailings (MFT) with CTS (1:1) and Pleistocene sandy soil (hydrocarbon free); microbial treatments were without AMF, with AMF and AMF plus soil bacteria isolated from oil sands reclamation sites. Plant biomass, root morphology, leaf water content, shoot tissue phosphorus content and mycorrhizal colonization were evaluated. Both plant species had reduced growth in CTS and tailings mix relative to sandy soil. AMF frequency and intensity in roots of E. trachycaulus was not influenced by soil hydrocarbons; however, it decreased significantly over time in roots of L. corniculatus without bacteria in CTS. Mycorrhizal inoculation alone did not significantly improve plant growth in CTS and tailings mix; however, inoculation with mycorrhizae plus bacteria led to a significantly positive response of both plant species in CTS. Thus, combined inoculationwith selected mycorrhizae and bacteria led to synergistic effects. Such combinations may be used in future to improve plant growth in reclamation of CTS and tailings mix. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.188 SN - 1879-1026 SN - 0048-9697 VL - 621 SP - 30 EP - 39 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seserman, Diana-Maria A1 - Pohle, Ina A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Freese, Dirk T1 - Simulating Climate Change Impacts on Hybrid-Poplar and Black Locust Short Rotation Coppices T2 - Forestry N2 - In Brandenburg, north-eastern Germany, climate change is associated with increasing annual temperatures and decreasing summer precipitation. Appraising short rotation coppices (SRCs), given their long-time planning horizon demands for systematic assessments of woody biomass production under a considerable spectrum of climate change prospects. This paper investigates the prospective growth sensitivity of poplar and black locust SRCs, established in Brandenburg to a variety of weather conditions and long-term climate change, from 2015 to 2054, by a combined experimental and simulation study. The analysis employed (i) a biophysical, process-based model to simulate the daily tree growth and (ii) 100 realisations of the statistical regional climate model STAR 2K. In the last growing period, the simulations showed that the assumed climate change could lead to a decrease in the woody biomass of about 5 Mg ha -1 (18%) for poplar and a decrease of about 1.7 Mg ha -1 (11%) for black locust trees with respect to the median observed in the reference period. The findings corroborate the potential tree growth vulnerability to prospective climatic changes, particularly to changes in water availability and underline the importance of coping management strategies in SRCs for forthcoming risk assessments and adaptation scenarios. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/f9070419 SN - 1464-3626 VL - 9 IS - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Guggenberger, Georg A1 - Rodionov, Andrei A1 - Shibistova, O. A1 - Grabe, M. A1 - Kasansky, O. A. A1 - Fuchs, H. A1 - Mikheyeva, N. A1 - Zrazhevskaya, G. A1 - Flessa, H. T1 - Storage and mobility of black carbon in permafrost soils of the forest tundra ecotone in Northern Siberia T2 - Global Change Biology Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01568.x SN - 1757-1707 VL - 14 IS - 6 SP - 1367 EP - 1381 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gebhardt, Sascha A1 - Neubert, K. A1 - Wöllecke, Jens A1 - Münzenberger, Babette A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Ectomycorrhiza communities of red oak (Quercus rubra L.) of different age in the Lusatian lignite mining district, East Germany T2 - Mycorrhiza Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-006-0103-4 SN - 1432-1890 VL - 17 IS - 4 SP - 279 EP - 290 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grünewald, Holger A1 - Brandt, Barbara K. V. A1 - Schneider, Bernd Uwe A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Kendzia, Gerald A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Agroforestry systems for the production of woody biomass for energy transformation purposes T2 - Ecological Engineering Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2006.09.012 SN - 0925-8574 VL - 29 IS - 4 SP - 319 EP - 328 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Wahl, Niels Arne A1 - Fischer, Holger A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Water infiltration and hydraulic conductivity in sandy cambisols: impacts of forest transformation on soil hydrological properties T2 - European Journal of Forest Research Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-006-0133-7 SN - 1612-4677 VL - 126 IS - 1 SP - 101 EP - 109 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Buczko, Uwe A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Changes in soil water repellency in a pine-beech forest transformation chronosequence: Influence of antecedent rainfall and air temperature T2 - Ecological Engineering Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2007.03.006 SN - 0925-8574 VL - 31 IS - 3 SP - 197 EP - 204 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dilly, Oliver A1 - Munch, Jean Charles A1 - Pfeiffer, Eva-Maria T1 - Enzyme activities and litter decomposition in agricultural soils in northern, central, and southern Germany T2 - Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200622044 SN - 1522-2624 VL - 170 IS - 2 SP - 197 EP - 204 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stock, Oliver A1 - Lesturgez, Gregory A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Mechanical properties of metastable glacial till before and after water-induced compaction T2 - Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200625012 SN - 1522-2624 VL - 170 IS - 4 SP - 560 EP - 566 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mamilov, Anvar S. A1 - Dilly, Oliver T1 - Microbial characteristics during the initial stages of litter decomposition in forest and adjacent cropland soil T2 - Ecological Engineering Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2007.03.005 SN - 0925-8574 VL - 31 IS - 3 SP - 147 EP - 153 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. A1 - Gerwin, Werner T1 - Forest rehabilitation after disturbance : introduction T2 - Ecological Engineering Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2007.05.002 SN - 0925-8574 VL - 31 IS - 1 SP - 145 EP - 146 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Plieninger, Tobias A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Introduction T2 - Outlook on Agriculture Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5367/000000006777641552 VL - 35 IS - 2 SP - 95 EP - 96 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dellantonio, A. A1 - Fitz, W. J. A1 - Custovic, H. A1 - Repmann, Frank A1 - Schneider, Bernd Uwe A1 - Grünewald, Holger A1 - Gruber, V. A1 - Zgorelec, Z. A1 - Zerem, N. A1 - Carter, C. A1 - Markovic, M. A1 - Puschenreiter, M. A1 - Wenzel, W. T1 - Environmental risks of farmed and barren alkaline coal ash landfills in Tuzla, Bosnia and Hezegovina T2 - Environmental Pollution Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2007.08.032 VL - 153 IS - 3 SP - 677 EP - 686 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kreyling, Jürgen A1 - Beierkuhnlein, Carl A1 - Elmer, Michael A1 - Pritsch, Karin A1 - Radovski, Monica A1 - Schloter, Michael A1 - Wöllecke, Jens A1 - Jentsch, Anke T1 - Soil biotic processes remain remarkably stable after 100-year extreme weather events in experimental grassland and heath T2 - Plant and Soil Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-008-9617-1 SN - 1573-5036 SN - 0032-079X VL - 308 IS - 1-2 SP - 175 EP - 188 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stock, Oliver A1 - Downes, Nigel K. T1 - Effects of additions of organic matter on the penetration resistance of glacial till for the entire water tension range T2 - Soil & Tillage Research Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2008.02.002 SN - 0167-1987 VL - 99 IS - 2 SP - 191 EP - 201 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Leopold, Matthias A1 - Völkel, Jörg T1 - Character, Age, and ecological significance of pleistocene periglacial slope deposits in Germany T2 - Physical Geography Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2747/0272-3646.28.6.451 SN - 1930-0557 VL - 28 IS - 6 SP - 451 EP - 473 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hangen, Edzard A1 - Gerke, Horst H. T1 - Field Measurements of Air and Water Pressures in a Heterogeneous Forest-Reclaimed Lignitic Mine Soil T2 - Vadose Zone Journal Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2007.0049 SN - 1539-1663 VL - 6 IS - 4 SP - 849 EP - 854 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stock, Oliver A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - The interrelationship between the cultivation of crops and soil-strangth dynamics T2 - Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200625009 SN - 1522-2624 VL - 170 IS - 6 SP - 713 EP - 721 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. A1 - Fischer, Thomas T1 - Carbon sequestration and landscape ecology in Western Europe – editorial T2 - Ecological Engineering Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2006.10.001 SN - 0925-8574 VL - 29 IS - 4 SP - 317 EP - 318 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Plieninger, Tobias A1 - Bens, Oliver T1 - How the emergence of biofuels challenges conservation T2 - Environmental Conservation Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/S0376892907004328 SN - 1469-4387 VL - 34 IS - 4 SP - 273 EP - 275 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Plieninger, Tobias T1 - Looking Beyond Corn and Petroleum T2 - Science Y1 - 2007 SN - 0036-8075 VL - Vol. 315 IS - 5816 SP - 1222 EP - 1223 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Flessa, H. A1 - Rodionov, Andrei A1 - Guggenberger, Georg A1 - Fuchs, H. A1 - Magdons, P. A1 - Shibistova, O. A1 - Zrazhevskaya, G. A1 - Mikheyeva, N. A1 - Kasansky, O. A. A1 - Blodau, C. T1 - Landscape controls of CH4 fluxes in a catchment of the forest tundra ecotone in northern Siberia T2 - Global Change Biology Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01633.x SN - 1365-2486 VL - 14 IS - 9 SP - 1 EP - 17 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Prechtel, Annette A1 - Lützow, Margit von A1 - Schneider, Bernd Uwe A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Bannick, Claus G. A1 - Kögel-Knabner, Ingrid A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Organic carbon in soils of Germany: Status quo and the need for new data to evaluate potentials and trends of soil carbon sequestration T2 - Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200900034 SN - 1522-2624 VL - 172 IS - 5 SP - 601 EP - 614 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Quinkenstein, Ansgar A1 - Wöllecke, Jens A1 - Böhm, Christian A1 - Grünewald, Holger A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Schneider, Bernd Uwe A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Ecological benefits of the alley cropping agroforestry system in sensitive regions of Europe T2 - Environmental Science & Policy Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2009.08.008 SN - 1462-9011 VL - 12 IS - 8 SP - 1112 EP - 1121 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wanner, Manfred A1 - Elmer, Michael A1 - Kazda, Marian A1 - Xylander, Willi E. R. T1 - Community assembly of terrestrial testate amoebae: how is the very first beginning characterised? T2 - Microbial Ecology Y1 - 2008 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00248-007-9322-2 SN - 1432-184X N1 - Die Freilandarbeiten und die Auswertung erfolgten am Senckenberg Museum für Naturkunde Görlitz in Zusammenarbeit mit der Univ. Ulm und der BTU VL - 56 IS - 1 SP - 43 EP - 54 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stein, Claudia A1 - Rißmann, Cornelia A1 - Hempel, Stefan A1 - Renker, Carsten A1 - Buscot, François A1 - Prati, Daniel A1 - Auge, Harald T1 - Interactive effects of mycorrhizae and root hemiparasite on plant community productivity and diversity T2 - Oecologia Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-008-1192-x SN - 1432-1939 VL - 159 IS - 1 SP - 191 EP - 205 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lemmnitz, Christine A1 - Kuhnert, Matthias A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Günter, A. A1 - Merz, Bruno A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Spatial and temporal variations of actual soil water repellency and their influence on surface runoff T2 - Hydrological Processes Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.6782 SN - 1099-1085 VL - 22 IS - 12 SP - 1976 EP - 1984 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Chabbi, Abad A1 - Sebilo, Mathieu A1 - Rumpel, Cornelia A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Mariotti, André T1 - Origin of Nitrogen in Reforested Lignite-Rich Mine Soils Revealed by Stable Isotope Analysis T2 - Environmental Science & Technology Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/es702377k SN - 1520-5851 VL - 42 IS - 8 SP - 2787 EP - 2792 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krümmelbein, Julia A1 - Peth, Stephan A1 - Horn, Rainer T1 - Determination of pre-compression stress of various grazed steppe soil under static and cyclic loading T2 - Soil & Tillage Research Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2008.01.008 SN - 0167-1987 VL - 99 IS - 2 SP - 139 EP - 148 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dilly, Oliver A1 - Zyakun, Anatoly T1 - Priming Effect and Respiratory Quotient in a Forest Soil Amended with Glucose T2 - Geomicrobiology Journal Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/01490450802403099 SN - 1521-0529 VL - 25 IS - 7-8 SP - 425 EP - 431 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Münzenberger, Babette A1 - Bubner, Ben A1 - Wöllecke, Jens A1 - Sieber, Thomas N. A1 - Bauer, Robert A1 - Fladung, Matthias A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - The ectomycorrhizal morphotype Pinirhiza sclerotia is formed by Acephala macrosclerotiorum sp. no., a close relative of Phialocephala fortinii T2 - Mycorrhiza Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-009-0239-0 SN - 1432-1890 VL - 19 IS - 7 SP - 481 EP - 492 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nii-Annang, Seth A1 - Grünewald, Holger A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. A1 - Dilly, Oliver T1 - Microbial activity, organic C accumulation and 13C abundance in soils under alley cropping systems after 9 years of recultivation of quaternary deposits T2 - Biology and Fertility of Soils Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-009-0360-4 SN - 1432-0789 VL - 45 IS - 5 SP - 531 EP - 538 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hürkamp, Kerstin A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Völkel, Jörg T1 - Two and three-dimensional quantification of lead contamination in alluvial soils of a historic mining area using field portable X-ray fluorescence (FPXRF) analysis T2 - Geomorphology Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2008.12.021 VL - 110 IS - 1-2 SP - 28 EP - 36 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grünewald, Holger A1 - Böhm, Christian A1 - Quinkenstein, Ansgar A1 - Grundmann, Philipp A1 - Eberts, Jörg A1 - Wühlisch, Georg von T1 - Robinia pseudoacacia L.: A Lesser Known Tree Species for Biomass Production T2 - BioEnergy Research Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12155-009-9038-x SN - 1939-1242 VL - 2 IS - 3 SP - 123 EP - 133 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krümmelbein, Julia A1 - Peth, Stephan A1 - Zhao, Ying A1 - Horn, Rainer T1 - Grazing-induced alterations of soil hydraulic properties and functions in Inner Mongolia, PR China T2 - Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200800218 SN - 1522-2624 VL - 172 IS - 6 SP - 769 EP - 776 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Plieninger, Tobias A1 - Thiel, Andreas A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Pathways and pitfalls of implementing the use of woodfuels in Germanys bioenergy sector T2 - Biomass and Bioenergy Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2008.08.013 SN - 0961-9534 VL - 33 IS - 3 SP - 384 EP - 392 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rogaß, Christian A1 - Itzerott, Sibylle A1 - Schneider, Bernd Uwe A1 - Kaufmann, Hermann A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Edge segmentation by Alternating Vector Field Convolution Snakes T2 - International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security (IJCSNS) Y1 - 2009 SN - 1738-7906 VL - 9 IS - 8 SP - 123 EP - 131 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wanner, Manfred A1 - Elmer, Michael T1 - "Hot spots" on a new soil surface – how do testate amoebae settle down? T2 - Acta Protozoologica Y1 - 2009 SN - 1689-0027 VL - 48 IS - 3 SP - 281 EP - 289 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Matos, Eduardo da Silva A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Slazak, Anna A1 - Bachmann, Ute A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Organic-carbon and nitrogen stocks and organic-carbon fractions in soils under mixed pine and oak forest stands of different ages in NE Germany T2 - Journal of plant nutrition and soil science Y1 - 2010 SN - 1522-2624 VL - 173 IS - 5 SP - 654 EP - 661 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Böhm, Christian A1 - Landgraf, Dirk A1 - Makeschin, Franz T1 - Effects of two contrasting agricultural land-use practices on nitrogen leaching in a sandy soil of Middle Germany T2 - Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200700104 SN - 1522-2624 VL - 172 IS - 3 SP - 408 EP - 417 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Böllmann, Jörg A1 - Elmer, Michael A1 - Wöllecke, Jens A1 - Raidl, Stefan A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Defensive strategies of soil fungi to prevent grazing by Folsomia candida (Collembola) T2 - Pedobiologia Y1 - 2010 SN - 1873-1511 VL - 53 IS - 2 SP - 107 EP - 114 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Böhm, Christian A1 - Landgraf, Dirk A1 - Makeschin, Franz T1 - Changes in total and labile carbon and nitrogen contents in a sandy soil after the conversion of a succession fallow to cultivated land T2 - Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science Y1 - 2010 SN - 1522-2624 VL - 173 IS - 1 SP - 46 EP - 54 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ellerbrock, Ruth H. A1 - Gerke, Horst H. A1 - Böhm, Christian T1 - In Situ DRIFT Characterization of Organic Matter Composition on Soil Structural Surfaces T2 - Soil Science Society of America journal : SSSAJ Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2008.0103 SN - 1435-0661 VL - 73 IS - 2 SP - 531 EP - 540 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hürkamp, Kerstin A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Völkel, Jörg T1 - Lead Pollution of Floodplain Soils in a Historic Mining Area - Age, Distribution and Binding Forms T2 - Water Air Soil Pollution Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-008-9948-9 SN - 1573-2932 VL - 201 IS - 1-4 SP - 331 EP - 345 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Slazak, Anna A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Matos, Eduardo da Silva A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Soil organic phosphorus fraction in pine-oak forest stands in Northeastern Germany T2 - Geoderma Y1 - 2010 SN - 0016-7061 VL - 158 IS - 3-4 SP - 156 EP - 162 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Plieninger, Tobias A1 - Beetz, Stephan A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Land use innovations in North-East Germany - A case study of the bioenergy sector T2 - GAiA - Ecological Perspectives in Science Humanities and Economics Y1 - 2009 VL - 18 IS - 2 SP - 136 EP - 144 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Boldt-Burisch, Katja A1 - Rank, Barbara T1 - Stomata dimorphism in dicotyledonous plants of temperate climate T2 - Feddes Repertorium Y1 - 2010 SN - 1522-239X VL - 121 IS - 5-6 SP - 167 EP - 183 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jentsch, Anke A1 - Kreyling, Jürgen A1 - Elmer, Michael A1 - Gellesch, Ellen A1 - Glaser, Bruno A1 - Grant, Kerstin A1 - Hein, Roman A1 - Lara, Marco A1 - Mirzae, Heydar A1 - Nadler, Stefanie E. A1 - Nagy, Laura A1 - Otieno, Denis A1 - Pritsch, Karin A1 - Rascher, Uwe A1 - Schädler, Martin A1 - Schloter, Michael A1 - Singh, Brajesh K. A1 - Stadler, Jutta A1 - Walter, Julia A1 - Wellstein, Camilla A1 - Wöllecke, Jens A1 - Beierkuhnlein, Carl T1 - Climate extremes initiate ecosystem-regulating functions while maintaining productivity T2 - Journal of Ecology Y1 - 2011 VL - 99 IS - 3 SP - 689 EP - 702 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Papritz, Andreas A1 - Dümig, Alexander A1 - Zimmermann, Claudia A1 - Gerke, Horst H. A1 - Felderer, Bernd A1 - Kögel-Knabner, Ingrid A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Schulin, Rainer T1 - Uncertainty of variance component estimates in nested sampling: a case study on the field-scale spatial variability of a restored soil T2 - European Journal of Soil Science Y1 - 2011 SN - 1365-2389 VL - 62 IS - 3 SP - 479 EP - 495 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Boldt-Burisch, Katja A1 - Pörs, Yvonne A1 - Haupt, Bastian A1 - Bitterlich, Michael A1 - Kühn, Christina A1 - Grimm, Bernhard A1 - Franken, Philipp T1 - Photochemical processes, carbon assimilation and RNA accumulation of sucrose transporter genes in tomato arbuscular mycorrhiza T2 - Journal of plant physiology Y1 - 2011 SN - 1618-1328 VL - 168 IS - 11 SP - 1256 EP - 1263 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gerke, Horst H. A1 - Badorreck, Annika A1 - Einecke, Markus T1 - Single- and dual-porosity modelling of flow in reclaimed mine soil cores with embedded lignitic fragments T2 - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconhyd.2008.10.009 SN - 1873-6009 VL - 104 IS - 1-4 SP - 90 EP - 106 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Matos, Eduardo da Silva A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Mendonça, Eduardo S. A1 - Slazak, Anna A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Carbon, nitrogen and organic C fractions in topsoil affected by conversion from silviopastoral to different land use systems T2 - Agroforestry Systems Y1 - 2011 SN - 1572-9680 VL - 81 IS - 3 SP - 203 EP - 211 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Matos, Eduardo da Silva A1 - Mendonca, Eduardo S. A1 - Cardoso, Irene Maria A1 - Lima, Paulo César de A1 - Freese, Dirk T1 - Decomposition and nutrient release of leguminous plants in coffee agrofrestry systems T2 - Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo Y1 - 2011 SN - 0100-0683 VL - 35 IS - 1 SP - 141 EP - 149 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Böhm, Christian A1 - Kiesel, Joachim A1 - Deumlich, Detlef A1 - Thiere, Jürgen T1 - An approach to extrapolate categorical agricultural soil data to nonmapped areas using majority vote T2 - Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200700057 SN - 1522-2624 VL - 172 IS - 4 SP - 467 EP - 476 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Böhm, Christian A1 - Quinkenstein, Ansgar A1 - Freese, Dirk T1 - Yield prediction of young black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) plantations for woody biomass production using allometric relations T2 - Annals of Forest Research Y1 - 2011 SN - 2065-2445 VL - 54 IS - 2 SP - 215 EP - 227 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Esperschütz, Jürgen A1 - Zimmermann, Claudia A1 - Dümig, Alexander A1 - Welzl, G. A1 - Buegger, Franz A1 - Elmer, Michael A1 - Munch, Jean Charles A1 - Schloter, Michael T1 - Dynamics of microbial communities during decomposition of litter from pioneering plants in initial soil ecosystems T2 - Biogeosciences N2 - In initial ecosystems, concentrations of all macro- and micronutrients can be considered as extremely low. Plant litter therefore strongly influences the development of a degrader’s food web and is an important source for C and N input into soil in such ecosystems. In the present study, a 13C litter decomposition field experiment was performed for 30 weeks in initial soils from a post-mining area near the city of Cottbus (Germany). Two of this region’s dominant but contrasting pioneering plant species (Lotus corniculatus L. and Calamagrostis epigejos L.) were chosen to investigate the effects of litter quality on the litter decomposing microbial food web in initially nutrient-poor substrates. The results clearly indicate the importance of litter quality, as indicated by its N content, its bioavailability for the degradation process and the development of microbial communities in the detritusphere and soil. The degradation of the L. corniculatus litter, which had a low C / N ratio, was fast and showed pronounced changes in the microbial community structure 1–4 weeks after litter addition. The degradation of the C. epigejos litter material was slow and microbial community changes mainly occurred between 4 and 30 weeks after litter addition to the soil. However, for both litter materials clear indication of the importance of fungi for the degradation process was observed both in terms of fungal abundance and activity (13C incorporation activity). Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-5115-2013 SN - 1726-4189 VL - 10 SP - 5115 EP - 5124 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Boldt-Burisch, Katja A1 - Gerke, Horst H. A1 - Nii-Annang, Seth A1 - Schneider, Bernd Uwe A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Root system development of Lotus corniculatus L. in calcareous sands with embedded finer-textured fragments in an initial soil T2 - Plant and Soil Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-012-1505-z VL - 368 IS - 1-2 SP - 281 EP - 296 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Quinkenstein, Ansgar A1 - Pape, Dirk A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Schneider, Bernd Uwe A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Biomass, Carbon and Nitrogen Distribution in Living Woody Plant Parts of Robinia pseudoacacia L. Growing on Reclamation Sites in the Mining Region of Lower Lusatia (Northeast Germany) T2 - International Journal of Forestry Research Y1 - 2012 N1 - Article ID 891798 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Boldt-Burisch, Katja A1 - Schneider, Bernd Uwe A1 - Fritsch, Simone A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Influence of root growth of two pioneering plant species on soil development during the initial stage of ecosystem genesis in the Lusatian post mining landscape T2 - Canadian journal of soil science Y1 - 2012 SN - 1918-1841 VL - 92 IS - 1 SP - 67 EP - 76 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Matos, Eduardo da Silva A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Böhm, Christian A1 - Quinkenstein, Ansgar A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Organic Matter Dynamics in Reclaimed Lignite Mine Soils under Robinia pseudoacacia L. Plantations of Different Ages in Germany T2 - Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis Y1 - 2012 SN - 1532-2416 VL - 43 IS - 5 SP - 745 EP - 755 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Tsonkova, Penka A1 - Böhm, Christian A1 - Quinkenstein, Ansgar A1 - Freese, Dirk T1 - Ecological benefits provided by alley cropping systems for production of woody biomass in the temperate region : a review T2 - Agroforestry Systems Y1 - 2012 SN - 1572-9680 VL - 85 IS - 1 SP - 133 EP - 152 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Maurer, Thomas A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Gerke, Horst H. T1 - A structure generator for modelling the initial sediment distribution of an artificial hydrologic catchment T2 - Hydrology and earth system sciences Y1 - 2011 SN - 1607-7938 VL - 15 IS - 12 SP - 3617 EP - 3638 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Böhm, Christian A1 - Quinkenstein, Ansgar A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Assessing the short rotation woody biomass production on marginal post-mining areas T2 - Journal of forest science Y1 - 2011 VL - 57 IS - 7 SP - 303 EP - 311 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Böhm, Christian A1 - Quinkenstein, Ansgar T1 - The contribution of agroforestry systems to land reclamation T2 - Górnictwo i Geoinzynieria Y1 - 2011 SN - 1732-6702 VL - 35 IS - 3 SP - 63 EP - 68 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Eisele, Andreas A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Spyra, Wolfgang A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Small Scale Spatial Heterogeneity of Normalized Difference Vegetation Indices (NDVI) and Hot Spots of Photosynthesis in Biological Soil Crusts T2 - Flora N2 - Normalized Difference Vegetation Indices (NDVIs) are typically determined using satellite or airborne remote sensing, or field portable spectrometers, which give an averaged signal on centimetre to metre scale plots. Biological soil crust (BSC) patches may have smaller sizes, and ecophysiological, hydrological as well as pedological processes may be heterogeneously distributed within this level of resolution. A ground-based NDVI imaging procedure using low-cost equipment (Olympus Camedia 5000z digital camera equipped with a Hoya R72 infrared filter) was developed in this study to fill this gap at the level of field research, where carrying costly and bulky equipment to remote locations is often the limiting factor for data collection. Method principle and field data are presented, and the field experiment was deepened comparing NDVI measurements and CO2 turnover of soil crust samples in the laboratory, backing the reliability of the approach. A commercially available colour rendition chart with known red (600–700 nm) and NIR (800–900 nm) reflectances was placed into each scene and used for calibration purposes on a per-image basis. Generation of NDVI images involved (i) determination of red and NIR reflectances from the pixel values of the red and NIR channels, respectively, and (ii) calculation and imaging of the NDVI, where NDVI values of −1 to +1 were mapped to grey values of 0 to 255. The correlation between NDVI values retrieved from these images and NDVI values determined using field spectrometry was close (r2 = 0.91), the 95% confidence interval amounted to 0.10 NDVI units. The pixel resolution was 0.8 mm in the field and 0.2 mm in the laboratory, but can still be improved significantly with closer distance to the crust or with higher camera resolution. NDVI values obtained using the new method were related to the net CO2 uptake of BSCs, where both slope and correlation coefficient of the respective regression function conformed with literature data. Geostatistical analysis revealed that both spatial variability of net CO2 uptake as well as size of individual hot spots of this parameter increased with crust development. The latter never exceeded 4 mm in the investigated crusts, which points to the necessity of high resolution imaging for linking remote sensing with ecophysiology. Perspectively, the new method could be used for field monitoring of both biological soil crusts and vascular vegetation. Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2012.01.001 VL - 207 IS - 3 SP - 159 EP - 167 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Dümig, Alexander A1 - Kögel-Knabner, Ingrid A1 - Wiehe, Wolfgang A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Initial pedogenesis in a topsoil crust 3 years after construction of an artificial water catchment in Brandenburg, NE Germany T2 - Biogeochemistry N2 - Cyanobacteria and green algae present in biological soil crusts are able to colonize mineral substrates even under extreme environmental conditions. As pioneer organisms, they play a key role during the first phases of habitat colonization. A characteristic crust was sampled 3 years after installation of the artificial water catchment “Chicken creek”, thus representing an early successional stage of ecosystem development. Mean annual rainfall and temperature were 559 mm and 9.3°C, respectively. We combined scanning electron microscopy (SEM/EDX) and infrared (FTIR) microscopy to study the contact zone of algal and cyanobacterial mucilage with soil minerals in an undisturbed biological soil crust and in the subjacent sandy substrate. The crust was characterized by an approximately 50 μm thick surface layer, where microorganisms resided and where mineral deposition was trapped, and by an approximately 2.5 mm thick lower crust where mineral particles were stabilized by organo-mineral structures. SEM/EDX microscopy was used to determine the spatial distribution of elements, organic compounds and minerals were identified using FTIR microscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The concentration of organic carbon in the crust was about twice as much as in the parent material. Depletion of Fe, Al and Mn in the lower crust and in the subjacent 5 mm compared to the geological substrate was observed. This could be interpreted as the initial phase of podzolization. Existence of bridging structures between mineral particles of the lower crust, containing phyllosilicates, Fe compounds and organic matter (OM), may indicate the formation of organo-mineral associations. pH decreased from 8.1 in the original substrate to 5.1 on the crust surface 3 years after construction, pointing to rapid weathering of carbonates. Weathering of silicates could not be detected. Y1 - 2010 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-010-9464-z SN - 1573-515X VL - 101 IS - 1-3 SP - 165 EP - 176 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dilly, Oliver A1 - Nii-Annang, Seth A1 - Franke, Gabriele A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Buegger, Franz A1 - Zyakun, Anatoly T1 - Resilience of microbial respiration, respiratory quotient and stable isotope characteristics to soil hydrocarbon addition T2 - Soil Biology and Biochemistry N2 - On the basis of CO2 evolution rate, O2 uptake rate, and 13C isotopic signature of respired CO2, the metabolic response to the addition of 13C labelled n-hexadecane and palmitic acid each with supplementary nitrogen was studied for two topsoils, one under continuous agricultural management and the other under beech forest. The CO2 evolution rate was immediately stimulated in the agricultural soil and the respiratory quotient (RQ) decreased from 0.8 to 0.4 mol CO2 evolution rate per mol O2 uptake rate, which was below the theoretically expected value of 0.65 and 0.70 for the degradation of n-hexadecane and palmitic acid, respectively. The microbial response was delayed in the forest soil, but developed better than in the agricultural soil throughout the subsequent 2–4 weeks. Consequently, the respiration rate returned earlier to the initial level for the beech forest soil and the δ13C of respired CO2 and RQ approached values before hydrocarbon addition. Based on the link among respiration rates, RQ and 13C–CO2 value, the added oil-analogue compounds induced a more rapid response in the agricultural soil and were degraded more completely in the forest soil. We concluded that the resilience, which we defined here as the capacity of the soil microbiota to buffer perturbance and to reorganise in response to change resulting in a more desirable system, was higher in our forest soil than for the agricultural soil. Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.09.026 SN - 0038-0717 VL - 43 IS - 9 SP - 1808 EP - 1811 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Elmer, Michael A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Zaplata, Markus K. A1 - Hohberg, Karin A1 - Nenov, Rossen A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Dynamics of initial ecosystem development at the artificial catchment Chicken Creek, Lusatia, Germany T2 - Environmental Earth Sciences KW - ecosystem development Y1 - 2013 SN - 1866-6299 VL - 69 IS - 2 SP - 491 EP - 505 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Felderer, Bernd A1 - Boldt-Burisch, Katja A1 - Schneider, Bernd Uwe A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. A1 - Schulin, Rainer T1 - Root growth of Lotus corniculatus interacts with P distribution in young sandy soil T2 - Biogeosciences KW - root growth Y1 - 2013 SN - 1726-4189 VL - 10 IS - 3 SP - 1737 EP - 1749 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lucke, Bernhard A1 - Schmidt, Michael A1 - Al-Saad, Ziad A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. A1 - Bens, Oliver T1 - The abandonment of the Decapolis region in Northern Jordan - forced by environmental change? T2 - Quaternary International Y1 - 2005 SN - 1040-6182 VL - 135 IS - 1 SP - 65 EP - 81 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Badorreck, Annika A1 - Gerke, Horst H. A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Morphology of physical soil crusts and infiltration patterns in an artificial catchment T2 - Soil & Tillage Research KW - soil crusts KW - morphology Y1 - 2013 SN - 0167-1987 VL - 129 SP - 1 EP - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Badorreck, Annika A1 - Gerke, Horst H. A1 - Vontobel, Peter T1 - Noninvasive Observation of Flow Patterns in Locally Heterogeneous Mine Soils using Neutron Radiation T2 - Vadose Zone Journal Y1 - 2010 SN - 1539-1663 VL - 9 IS - 2 SP - 362 EP - 372 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dilly, Oliver A1 - Pannell, David T1 - Sustainability impact assessment and land-use policies for sensitive regions T2 - Environmental Science & Policy Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2009.09.004 SN - 1462-9011 VL - 12 SP - 1075 EP - 7076 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Halke, Christian A1 - Garbe, Daniel A1 - Freese, Dirk T1 - Einfluss von Stickstoffdüngung und Kompost auf Photosynthese und Wachstum der Virginiamalve (Sida hermaphrodita Rusby) T2 - Journal für Kulturpflanzen N2 - Als mehrjährige Bioenergiepflanze kann Sida hermaphrodita eine wichtige Rolle für den Anbau auf marginalen Standorten in der nahen Zukunft spielen. In einem kontrollierten Topfexperiment wurde der Einfluss von verschiedenen Kompostgehalten (10, 20, 30, 50%) und mineralischem Stickstoffdünger (100 kg N ha–1) auf Biomasse, Wuchshöhe und Kohlenstoffallokation während der Etablierungsphase untersucht. Weiterhin wurden ökophysiologische Parameter (Gaswechsel, Chlorophyllfluoreszenz, Chlorophyllgehalte) mit nicht-destruktiven Methoden bestimmt. Die Ergebnisse des Experimentes zeigen, dass sowohl die Stickstoffdüngung als auch die Kompostgabe positive Effekte für das Wachstumsverhalten hat. Während der Etablierungsphase erreichten die gedüngten Pflanzen eine mittlere Pflanzenhöhe von bis zu 127 cm (maximale Wuchshöhe 168 cm). Die Photosynthese wurde nicht durch die unterschiedlichen Behandlungen beeinflusst. Die mittlere CO2-Austauschrate variiert zwischen 5,8 und 9,9 μmol m–2 s–1 und die Elektronentransportrate zwischen 34,5 und 53,9 μmol m–2 s–1. Die Verwendung von Kompost und Stickstoff ist für eine bessere Biomasseproduktion von Sida in marginalen Böden möglich, auch wenn das Wachstum im ersten Jahr limitiert ist und es negative Rückwirkungen auf die Bestandesetablierung gibt. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1399/JFK.2016.12.13 SN - 1867-0911 SN - 1867-0938 VL - 68 IS - 12 SP - 423 EP - 428 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Kriebitzsch, Wolf-Ulrich T1 - Photosyntheseverhalten der Stechpalme (Ilex aquifolium L.) in milden Winter in Mitteleuropa: Ein ökophysiologischer Vorteil durch den Klimawandel? T2 - Allgemeine Forst- und Jagd-Zeitung N2 - Die Wintertemperaturen und insbesondere Frost sind wichtige Umweltfaktoren, die das Verbreitungsgebiet der Stechpalme (Ilex aquifolium L.) Mitteleuropa beschränken. Bereits heute profitiert diese Art von dem Klimawandel durch eine erweiterte Verbreitung in Mitteleuropa und an seiner nördlichen Verbreitungsgrenze in Skandinavien. In dieser Arbeit wird die Bedeutung der milder werdenden Wintertemperaturen für den Stoffwechsel von I. aquifolium untersucht, insbesondere die Akklimatisation der Photosynthese während des Winters. Dafür wurde die Photosynthese mit der Chlorophyllfluoreszenz-Methode gemessen. Während milder Wintertage bei Temperaturen wenig unter 0°C erholte sich die Photosynthese innerhalb von zwei Stunden, sobald die Pflanzen Raumtemperatur ausgesetzt wurden. Dagegen war die Photosynthese nach langanhaltenden Frostperioden und die gemessenen Elektronentransportraten der im Freiland wachsenden Ilex-Bäume um bis zu 50% niedriger als bei den Vergleichspflanzen im Gewächshaus. Somit wird die Photosynthese im Winter von der minimalen Temperatur und der Frostdauer beeinflusst. In der Regel war die immergrüne Stechpalme in der Lage ihre Photosynthese im Winter aufrecht zu erhalten und flexibel auf frostfreie Tage zu reagieren. Damit profitiert die Stechpalme während milder Tage im Winter und Frühjahr von dem im Vergleich zu den Sommermonaten hohem Lichtgenuss im Unterwuchs, wenn die sommergrünen Bäume in der Baumschicht unbelaubt sind. Y1 - 2019 SN - 0002-5852 VL - 189 IS - 7/8 SP - 143 EP - 153 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Böhm, Christian A1 - Tsonkova, Penka A1 - Albrecht, Eike A1 - Zehlius-Eckert, Wolfgang T1 - Zur Notwendigkeit einer kontrollfähigen Definition für Agroforstschläge T2 - Agrar- und Umweltrecht Y1 - 2017 SN - 0340-840X IS - 1 SP - 7 EP - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Veste, Maik T1 - Bioenergie aus Wüstenpflanzen T2 - Naturwissenschaftliche Rundschau Y1 - 2014 SN - 0028-1050 VL - 67 IS - 2 SP - 80 EP - 81 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Braud, Nicolas A1 - Buß, Lars A1 - Merte, Lindsay Richard A1 - Wallander, Harald A1 - Krisponeit, Jon-Olaf A1 - Schmidt, Thomas A1 - Lundgren, Edvin A1 - Flege, Jan Ingo A1 - Falta, Jens T1 - Growth and oxidation of ultra-thin Pt-Sn layers on Pt(111) by molecular and atomic oxygen T2 - Ultramicroscopy N2 - The preparation of ultra-thin PtSn-alloyed layers by molecular beam epitaxy was studied using low-energy electron microscopy (LEEM) and micro-diffraction (-LEED). Deposition at a sample temperature of 435 °C initially results in the formation of a PtSn/Pt(111) layer showing a (2 × 2) reconstruction. With continued Sn deposition, a PtSn/Pt(111) layer develops, showing a ()R30° reconstruction. An ultra-thin tin oxide was formed from the (2 × 2) surface by exposure to molecular oxygen at temperatures of 500 °C and 590 °C, respectively. LEED shows the evolution of a new surface structure, which could be identified as an incommensurate rectangular reconstruction with lattice parameters of a = (6.4 ± 0.1) Å and b = (8.6 ± 0.1) Å present in three domains rotated by 120° with respect to each other. This structure can be related to the zigzag reconstructions found for similar ultra-thin oxide systems. Contrarily, the ()R30° structure showed no oxide formation even after extensive exposure to molecular oxygen. The usage of atomic oxygen, however, allows for oxidation of this surface and the growth of thicker oxides on both types of overlayers. At 500 °C this process is accompanied by substantial roughening of the surface. KW - Tin KW - Platinum KW - Tin oxide KW - Platinum-tin KW - Oxidation KW - SnOx KW - Ultra-thin films KW - LEED KW - LEEM Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultramic.2025.114243 SN - 0304-3991 VL - 278 SP - 1 EP - 11 PB - Elsevier BV CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ojo, Sola A1 - Albrecht, Eike A1 - Igboji, Collins A1 - Ibrahim, Bachar A1 - Enoguanbor, Evidence T1 - Potentials of water-energy-food security nexus approach as an option for implementation of climate change policies : a perspective for Nigeria T2 - African journal of climate change and resource sustainability N2 - The increasing demand for essential resources such as water, energy, and food, driven by rapid population growth, urban expansion, and industrialisation, poses a significant challenge for developing countries, which is further exacerbated by climate change. Implementation of climate change policies, therefore, requires adequate consideration of the interconnection between water, energy, and food executed on synergies and managing tradeoffs, which most often is lacking in some developing countries like Nigeria. This paper assesses the relevance of the water-energy-food (WEF) nexus approach and highlights its role in formulating sustainable climate policies. In this review, a narrative and exploratory approach was carried out through a literature search from international databases such as Google Scholar and Scopus to capture the full range of perspectives between the years 2002 and 2025 that have contributed to the emergence of the WEF nexus approach in formulating sustainable climate policies. Enhanced resource efficiency, improved resilience to climate change, reduced environmental degradation and innovation and technology development are some of the benefits of the WEF nexus approach. Given the intricate interconnections among these resources, integrating the WEF nexus into policymaking is essential for ensuring long-term resource security and sustainability. This approach fosters a comprehensive and strategic framework for embedding water, energy, and food considerations into climate governance KW - Water-Energy-Food Nexus KW - Climate Change Policies KW - Nigeria KW - Synergies KW - Trade-offs KW - Sustainability Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.37284/ajccrs.4.2.3639 SN - 2790-962X SN - 2790-9638 VL - 4 IS - 2 SP - 150 EP - 170 PB - East African Nature and Science Organization CY - Nairobi, Kenya ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kučera, Jan A1 - Wulf, Ulrich A1 - Nemnes, George Alexandru ED - Xue, Junshuai ED - Jiang, Xi ED - Yuan, Song T1 - Scattering theory in an N-pole semiconductor quantum device : the unitarity of the current S-matrix and current conservation T2 - Micromachines N2 - In a number of previous publications, scattering theory for N-pole semiconductor quantum devices was developed. In the framework of the Landauer–Büttiker formalism, an S-matrix was constructed with the aid of an R-matrix providing a mapping of the in-going waves onto the out-going waves. These waves include propagating waves and evanescent waves, the latter of which decay exponentially in the leads which are connected to the active region of the N-pole device. In order to formulate the current conservation in the N-pole device, it is necessary to define the current S-matrix schematically as S˜=k1/2Sk−1/2, where k contains the information about the k-vectors of the mentioned in- and out-going waves. In this paper, we show how the complete current S-matrix is calculated including the coupling between the propagating and evanescent components and coupling to the bound states in the active device region. One then finds a sub-matrix of S˜which is unitary and which is restricted to the space of the propagating components. We demonstrate that current conservation is associated with the unitarity just of this sub-matrix. KW - S-matrix KW - Landauer–Büttiker formalism KW - N-pole device KW - R-matrix KW - Current conservation Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/mi16030306 SN - 2072-666X VL - 16 IS - 3 SP - 1 EP - 12 PB - MDPI CY - Basel ER - TY - GEN A1 - Basu, Syamantak A1 - Ulbricht, Ying A1 - Rossol, Manuela T1 - Healthy and premature aging of monocytes and macrophages T2 - Frontiers in immunology N2 - Aging is associated with immunosenescence, a decline in immune functions, but also with inflammaging, a chronic, low-grade inflammation, contributing to immunosenescence. Monocytes and macrophages belong to the innate immune system and aging has a profound impact on these cells, leading to functional changes and most importantly, to the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and thereby contributing to inflammaging. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease and age is an important risk factor for developing RA. RA is associated with the early development of age-related co-morbidities like cardiovascular manifestations and osteoporosis. The immune system of RA patients shows signs of premature aging like age-inappropriate increased production of myeloid cells, accelerated telomeric erosion, and the uncontrolled production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In this review we discuss the influence of aging on monocytes and macrophages during healthy aging and premature aging in rheumatoid arthritis. KW - Monocytes KW - Macrophages KW - Aging KW - Immunosenescence KW - Rheumatoid arthritis KW - Inflammaging KW - Monocyte metabolism Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1506165 SN - 1664-3224 VL - 16 SP - 1 EP - 16 PB - Frontiers Media S.A. CY - Lausanne ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wachsmuth, Gerd T1 - A convex, finite and lower semicontinuous function with empty subdifferential T2 - Journal of convex analysis N2 - We give an example of a convex, finite and lower semicontinuous function whose subdifferential is everywhere empty. This is possible since the function is defined on an incomplete normed space. The function serves as a universal counterexample to various statements in convex analysis in which completeness is required. Y1 - 2025 UR - https://www.heldermann.de/JCA/JCA32/JCA323/jca32044.htm VL - 32 IS - 3 SP - 877 EP - 882 PB - Heldermann Verlag CY - Lemgo ER - TY - GEN A1 - Heinken, Thilo A1 - Blumröder, Jeanette S. A1 - Adhikari, Yojana A1 - Balthasar, Cathrina A1 - Binder, Anja A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Bischoff, Antje A1 - Brosinsky, Arlena A1 - Bubner, Ben A1 - Clerc, Danica A1 - Djoudi, El Aziz A1 - Dobkowitz, Sophia A1 - Francke, Till A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Hartong, Heinrich A1 - Hess, Carsten A1 - Jarling, René A1 - Jouy, Florent A1 - Leinen, Loretta A1 - Meißner, Andreas A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Repmann, Frank A1 - Rönnefarth, Susanne A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Schirrmacher, Marina A1 - Schmehl, Marie-Therese A1 - Schmitt, Thomas A1 - Schröder, Jens A1 - Schüle, Maren A1 - Sturm, Knut A1 - Welle, Torsten A1 - Ibisch, Pierre L. T1 - PYROPHOB – A post-fire ecosystem research project to inform management for resilient forest development BT - PYROPHOB – Ein Ökosystemforschungsprojekt auf Waldbrandflächen als Grundlage für das Management einer resilienten Waldentwicklung T2 - Tuexenia N2 - PYROPHOB (fire-resistant) is the name of an interdisciplinary research project that is running for five years from 2020 to 2025. In this project, eight institutions are investigating the ecological effects of wildfires and subsequent forest management strategies in pine forests (plantations) in Brandenburg (NE Germany), with the aim of formulating practical recommendations for managing fire-prone forests and the effective restoration of post-fire forest areas. We provide a brief overview of what is known about the effects of wildfire on abiotic and biotic parameters in temperate pine forests, as well as the effects of silvicultural treatments. To date, we know little about how different components of biodiversity are linked in post-fire forest ecosystems and how management affects their functioning. By describing the project, we illustrate the requirements for the implementation of such an applied research project. We emphasize the importance of the study design for dealing with interdisciplinary questions and for the quantitative synthesis of research results. The project comprises a set of standardised field plots in two wildfire areas covering different post-fire management options. Fifteen study sites were established, including two reference sites in unburned pine stands, each with ten study plots as replicates. In situ nitrogen mineralisation, litter decomposition tests and soil biological activity are used for soil biological characterisation. Microclimate data is measured continuously. Standing and lying dead wood and tree regeneration are recorded as key indicators of the success of forestry treatments. Further methods com-prise terrestrial laser scanning, remote sensing techniques as well as surveys of vegetation and above and below ground biomass. Identification of fruiting body-forming fungi, phytoparasites and ectomycorrhizal fungi is supported by marker gene sequencing. Faunistic indicators comprise predatory soil arthropods (pairs of emergence tents and soil traps), saproxylic beetles (flight traps and funnel traps), moths (automated window traps), mammals (camera traps), and breeding birds (visual and acoustic observation). We discuss the strengths and limitations of the project design. We are able to systematically capture short-term temporal shifts in parameters and trends in post-fire ecosystem development. Research in a real landscape with ongoing environmental changes and interventions pres-ents challenges for experimental design, data analysis and interpretation. The drivers of ecosystem development are rarely completely independent or perfectly balanced, and lack of replication is ine-vitable. The two fires did not occur in the same year and season, resulting in different initial conditions for the colonisation of the burned areas. Finally, a large part of one study area was again affected by a fire in 2022, which destroyed direct comparability with the other sites. Despite these obstacles the project has started to generate valuable results to address management and conservation challenges. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.14471/2024.44.004 SN - 0722-494X SN - 2748-3452 VL - 44 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Aigbedion Atalor, Pascal Aigbedion Atalor A1 - Heiduk, Annemarie A1 - Upfold, Jennifer A1 - Shuttleworth, Adam A1 - Moore, Sean A1 - Hill, Martin A1 - Coombes, Candice T1 - Geographic variation in genetic composition, sexual communication and mating compatibility of the False Codling Moth, Thaumatotibia leucotreta for optimisation of area-wide control T2 - Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution N2 - Intraspecific variation in sex pheromones is a driver of reproductive isolation and speciation in insects. The False Codling Moth (FCM) Thaumatotibia leucotreta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is a quarantine pest endemic to sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The currently available precision control measures for FCM use female sex pheromone components to lure males into traps. However, the existing data on the composition of the female sex pheromone, especially the isomer ratios of the main pheromone component (E/Z)-8-dodecenyl acetate, are inconsistent for populations in SSA. This inconsistency led to speculation about possible reproductive isolation between geographically separated FCM populations and the potential need for local adjustment of pheromone-based FCM control tools. This, however, requires a comparative evaluation of geographic variation in FCM sexual communication and inter-population mating compatibility. We therefore investigated genetic isolation and mating compatibility between five geographically isolated FCM populations in South Africa and analysed the ratio of (E)- and (Z)-8-dodecenyl acetate in females from these populations. The five studied populations were found to form three genetically distinct groups with high genetic distances between each other. Mating compatibility tests showed that mating is possible across these groups, however, males preferred females of their own population when given choices; without a choice, males successfully mated with and transferred spermatophores to females from all other populations. The ratio of (E)- and (Z)-8-dodecenyl acetate was similar (c. 4:1) across the populations, indicating that this main female pheromone component does not cause the observed intra-population mating preferences. It remains to be investigated if qualitative/quantitative variation in other sex pheromone components influences intra-population recognition in South African FCM, providing a base for the development of regionally-specific lures for area-wide control programmes. KW - (E/Z)-8-dodecyl acetate, KW - geographic isolation KW - insect sex pheromone KW - intraspecific variation KW - mating choice KW - phytosanitary pest KW - reproductive behaviour Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2024.1360395 SN - 2296-701X VL - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cardoso, Pedro A1 - Pekar, Stano A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Ecosystem services provided by spiders T2 - Biological reviews N2 - Spiders, ubiquitous and abundant predators in terrestrial ecosystems, often bear the weight of an unjust negative perception. However, these remarkable creatures stand as unsung heroes within our ecosystems, wielding significant influence by contributing a multitude of ecosystem services critical to both the planet's future and human well-being. Here, we delve into the diverse spectrum of ecosystem services offered by spiders and their potential to inspire or directly provide nature-based solutions. Provisioning services include the versatile uses of silk-like materials, inspiration for biomimetic technology, medicines derived from venom, bio-insecticides that offer eco-friendly alternatives to synthetic chemicals, food sources for various communities worldwide, and even becoming unconventional yet increasingly valued pets. Regulating services provided by spiders extend to vital roles in pest suppression across diverse agricultural settings, mitigating diseases by curbing insectmediated pathogen dispersal, and controlling invasive species. Supporting services offered by spiders are equally extensive, involving nutrient cycling through the breakdown of organic matter, acting as food sources, or creating habitats for other organisms. Beyond their tangible contributions, spiders hold a significant cultural and spiritual heritage globally and are integral to many traditional medicine practices. They inspire contemporary culture, provide educational value, offer models for scientific discovery, contribute to mental health improvement, evoke a sense of place, and are commonly employed for monitoring biodiversity and ecosystem health. To pave the way for future research, we present a roadmap for exploring ecosystem services by spiders. While many of these services are wellestablished and studied from various perspectives, others harbour untapped potential. Leveraging what nature inherently provides, these nature-based solutions offer avenues to address challenges such as biodiversity erosion and societal needs. By restoring, preserving, or mimicking natural processes of spiders, we can enhance or provide essential ecosystem services, harnessing the full potential of spiders and the intricate web of benefits they bring to our world. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/brv.70044 SP - 1 EP - 20 PB - Wiley CY - Weinheim ER - TY - GEN A1 - Alfeus, Martha A1 - Irish, John A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Recognition and completeness metrics from iNaturalist and GBIF can inform future citizen science and research projects : a case study on arthropods in Namibia T2 - Biodiversity and conservation N2 - Arthropods are the most diverse animal phylum and play crucial roles in ecosystem functioning through their contributions to ecosystem processes. Accurate knowledge about their distribution and diversity is essential for effective ecosystem management and biodiversity conservation. Public biodiversity databases and citizen science records could contribute to our understanding of arthropod diversity. To test this assumption, we extracted arthropod observations in Namibia from iNaturalist (iNat) and the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) and compared these data to the records in the Namibian Biodiversity Database (NBD). We assessed the proportion of observations identified to species level in each arthropod order in iNat and GBIF (“recognition” metric) and compared the number of species from the two biodiversity networks (iNat and GBIF) to the known species richness in each arthropod order in NBD (“completeness” metric). Only 54.4% of iNat and 63.1% of GBIF arthropod observations in Namibia are recorded at species level. Scorpions (Scorpiones) and dragonflies (Odonata) are the most recognised orders in both GBIF and iNat, with high completeness rates (> 60%). However, overall recognition and completeness for all arthropod orders were generally below 50% in both databases. The high recognition and completeness for certain orders could be attributed to species traits that make them recognizable (e.g. large body size, colouration), a low species richness and the taxonomic familiarity of the public. While global biodiversity networks provide valuable data, science-based databases like NBD remain essential for comprehensive biodiversity understanding. Global biodiversity networks provide insights into public perception and the suitability of taxonomic groups for citizen-involved biodiversity projects. KW - Biodiversity KW - Conservation KW - Insects KW - Invertebrates KW - Namibian Biodiversity Database (NBD) Y1 - 2024 UR - https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10531-024-02981-z.pdf UR - https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10531-024-02981-z U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-024-02981-z SN - 1572-9710 VL - 34 SP - 467 EP - 480 PB - Springer Netherlands CY - Dordrecht ER - TY - GEN A1 - Melcher, Anja Carina A1 - Weber, Sven A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Harms, Danilo A1 - Krehenwinkel, Henrik T1 - To pool or not to pool : pooled metabarcoding does not affect estimates of prey diversity in spider gut content analysis T2 - Ecological Entomology N2 - 1. Gut content metabarcoding has provided important insights into the food web ecology of spiders, the most dominant terrestrial arthropod predators. In small invertebrates, like spiders, gut content analysis is often performed on whole body DNA extracts of individual predators, from which prey sequences are selectively enriched and sequenced. 2. Since many spider species are generalist predators, large numbers of samples comprising individual spider specimens must be analysed to recover an exhaustive image of a spider species' prey spectrum, which is costly and time-consuming. 3. Pooled processing of bulk samples of multiple specimens has been suggested to reduce the necessary workload and cost while still recovering a representative estimate of the prey diversity. However, it is still unclear if pooling approaches lead to bias in recovering the prey spectrum and if the results are comparable with data from individually processed spiders. 4. Here, we test the effects of metabarcoding pooled spider gut content on the recovered taxonomic diversity and composition of prey. Using a newly adapted primer pair, which efficiently enriches COI barcode sequences of diverse arthropod prey groups while suppressing spider amplification, we test if pooling leads to reduced taxonomic diversity or skewed estimates of prey composition. 5. Our results show that pooling and individual processing recover highly correlated taxonomic diversity and composition of prey. The only exception are very rare prey items which were less well recovered by pooling. Our results support pooling as a cost-effective and time-efficient approach to recover the diet of generalist predators for population-level studies of spider trophic interactions. KW - Araneae KW - gut content analysis KW - metabarcoding KW - pooling KW - predator–prey interaction KW - primer Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/een.13382 SN - 0307-6946 SN - 1365-2311 VL - 49 IS - 6 SP - 768 EP - 778 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kober, Klarissa A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Glemnitz, Michael T1 - High soil moisture promotes the emergence of ground beetles and spiders from soils in wheat fields T2 - Basic and Applied Ecology N2 - Promoting arthropods in agricultural landscapes can contribute substantially to stop their decline and enhance pest control. Higher soil moisture and the presence of field margins can increase the abundance of arthropods in agricultural landscapes and influence their distribution within crop fields. However, little is known about the influence of soil moisture and distance from field margins on the overwintering of arthropods in arable fields. We investigated the influence of soil moisture and distance from a field margin on the numbers of arthropods, ground beetles and spiders emerging from soil in winter wheat fields. We established transects in winter wheat fields away from two different types of field margins: (i) around small standing water bodies (kettle holes) to capture a wide range of soil moisture values and (ii) other semi-natural landscape elements. At three distances (1 m, 20 m, 50 m), we sampled arthropods with emergence traps and measured soil moisture between March and June. We found that soil moisture had a positive effect on the emergence numbers of arthropods in general and ground beetles and spiders in particular. Distance from field margins generally had negative effects on the emergence numbers of ground beetles, but positive effects on the emergence numbers of spiders. Emergence numbers and soil moisture content did not differ significantly between the two types of field margins. The high emergence numbers inside the fields indicate that arable fields are important overwintering habitats for beneficial arthropods. Proper management of arable soils to promote soil water holding capacity and soil moisture content may have the added benefit of promoting the production of beneficial natural enemies from local soils. KW - Araneae KW - Carabidae KW - Crop edge KW - Distance gradient KW - Field boundaries KW - Generalist predators KW - Ponds KW - Potholes KW - Soil properties Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.baae.2024.09.001 SN - 1439-1791 IS - 80 SP - 72 EP - 80 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Majaura, Marie A1 - Böhm, Christian A1 - Freese, Dirk T1 - The influence of trees on crop yields in temperate zone alley cropping systems : a review T2 - Sustainability N2 - Agroforestry is a multifunctional land use system that represents a promising approach to mitigate the environmental impact of agriculture while enhancing the resilience of agricultural systems and ensuring sustainable food production. However, the tree rows in agroforestry systems, particularly in alley cropping systems (ACS), can affect crop productivity on adjacent agricultural fields through various mechanisms. Hence, concerns about declining yields and reduced farm profitability persist and explain the reluctance of farmers to implement ACS on their land. In this review, we examine the available literature on the effects of temperate ACS on yields of various agricultural crops to evaluate if and to what extent crop yields in ACS are affected by tree presence. We identified that ACS crop yields often vary substantially across different species, geographical locations, weather conditions and ACS designs. Our analysis also revealed that several parameters are modified in ACS by the presence of tree rows affecting crop yields positively or negatively and that ACS design aspects play a crucial role in determining crop productivity. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/su16083301 SN - 2071-1050 VL - 16 IS - 8 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Müller, David T1 - Die Grundgleichung des Proportionalitätsprinzips in der Kostenträgerstückrechnung : ein vereinheitlichender Ansatz der Verrechnung von Gemeinkosten T2 - Wirtschaftswissenschaftliches Studium : WiSt : Zeitschrift für Studium und Forschung N2 - Im Rahmen der Kostenträgerstückrechnung werden die Gemeinkosten auf die Leistungseinheiten verrechnet. Dafür stehen unterschiedliche Verfahren zur Verfügung, die verschiedene Prinzipien verwenden. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird demonstriert, dass sich die Verfahren, die das Proportionalitätsprinzip verwenden, auf eine Grundgleichung zurückführen lassen. Zusätzlich wird erkennbar, dass die Äquivalenzziffernkalkulation kein eigenständiges Kalkulationsverfahren ist. N2 - Product costing allocates overhead costs to products. There are various methods available for this, which use different principles. This article demonstrates that the methods that use the proportionality principle can be traced back to a basic equation. It also shows that the equivalence number calculation is not an independent calculation method. KW - Kostenträgerstückrechnung, Gemeinkostenverteilung, Proportionalitätsprinzip, Produktkalkulation Y1 - 2025 UR - https://rsw.beck.de/zeitschriften/wist/das-aktuelle-heft U6 - https://doi.org/10.15358/0340-1650-2025-9-10-10 SN - 0340-1650 VL - 53 IS - 9/10 SP - 10 EP - 16 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Menares, Esteban A1 - Saíz, Hugo A1 - Schenk, Noëlle V. A1 - Garcia de la Riva, Enrique A1 - Krauss, Jochen A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Co-occurrence patterns do not predict mutualistic interactions between plant and butterfly species T2 - Ecology and Evolution N2 - Biotic interactions are crucial for determining the structure and dynamics of communities; however, direct measurement of these interactions can be challenging in terms of time and resources, especially when numerous species are involved. Inferring species interactions from species co-occurrence patterns is increasingly being used; however, recent studies have highlighted some limitations. To our knowledge, no attempt has been made to test the accuracy of the existing methods for detecting mutualistic interactions in terrestrial ecosystems. In this study, we compiled two literature-based, long-term datasets of interactions between butterflies and herbaceous plant species in two regions of Germany and compared them with observational abundance and presence/absence data collected within a year in the same regions. We tested how well the species associations generated by three different co-occurrence analysis methods matched those of empirically measured mutualistic associations using sensitivity and specificity analyses and compared the strength of associations. We also checked whether flower abundance data (instead of plant abundance data) increased the accuracy of the co-occurrence models and validated our results using empirical flower visitation data. The results revealed that, although all methods exhibited low sensitivity, our implementation of the Relative Interaction Intensity index with pairwise null models performed the best, followed by the probabilistic method and Spearman's rank correlation method. However, empirical data showed a significant number of interactions that were not detected using co-occurrence methods. Incorporating flower abundance data did not improve sensitivity but enhanced specificity in one region. Further analysis demonstrated incongruence between the predicted co-occurrence associations and actual interaction strengths, with many pairs exhibiting high interaction strength but low co-occurrence or vice versa. These findings underscore the complexity of ecological dynamics and highlight the limitations of current co-occurrence methods for accurately capturing species interactions. KW - Biodiversity Exploratories KW - co- occurrence analysis | KW - flower visitations KW - mutualistic interactions KW - resence/absence data KW - species associations Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.70498 SN - 2045-7758 VL - 14 IS - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bucher, Roman A1 - Batary, Péter A1 - Baudry, Julia A1 - Beaumelle, Léa A1 - Čerevková, Andrea A1 - Garcia de la Riva, Enrique A1 - Dirilgen, Tara A1 - Gallé, Robert A1 - Kesse-Guyot, Emmanuelle A1 - Rembiałkowska, Ewa A1 - Rusch, Adrien A1 - Stanley, Dara A. A1 - Ulrich, Werner A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Functional diversity of ground beetles improved aphid control but did not increase crop yields on European farms T2 - Ecological Applications N2 - Land-use intensification is often associated with a decline in functional diversity, potentially undermining the provision of ecosystem services. However, how changes in traits affect ecosystem processes remains poorly understood. Variation in trait values among species in a community may drive ecosystem processes. Alternatively, the mass ratio hypothesis proposes that trait values of the dominant species in a local community are related to ecosystem processes. Using data from 159 farms in six European countries, we quantified the impact of local and landscape-level land-use intensity on ground beetles as pest control agents. We then assessed the extent to which functional diversity and community-weighted mean trait values relate to pest control and cereal yield. In addition, we assessed how the responses to land use and the effects of different species on pest control and yield varied with their traits to compare the relative impact of the traits studied. Functional diversity of ground beetles improved aphid removal, but did not translate into higher crop yields. Pest control of aphids was enhanced by a higher proportion of smaller, mobile ground beetles with a preference for the vegetation layer. Smaller, predatory ground beetles in communities improved crop yield. The magnitude of responses to land-use intensification and the effects on pest control and yield were more strongly influenced by body size than other traits. Our study provides evidence that reduced management intensity can improve pest control by supporting small-sized, macropterous ground beetles. In contrast to the claims of ecological intensification, our joint analysis of the direct effects of land use on yield and indirect effects via functional diversity of ground beetles and pest control suggests that ecosystem services by ground beetles cannot compensate for the yield gap due to a reduction in land-use intensity. KW - predation KW - ecological intensification KW - landscape composition KW - land-use intensity KW - pest control KW - traits Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.3035 SN - 1051-0761 SN - 1939-5582 VL - 2024 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Feng, Lanya A1 - Arvidsson, Fredrik A1 - Djoudi, El Aziz A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus T1 - Terrestrial generalist predators have larger isotopic niches but rely less on aquatic prey at a natural compared to a post-mining lakeshore T2 - Food webs N2 - The flooded pits from former opencast mining (post-mining lakes) are young aquatic ecosystems often with low primary productivity due to the high acidity. The limited availability of nutrients and simplified aquatic food webs in these artificial lakes may affect the matter fluxes towards food webs in adjacent terrestrial habitats. To understand the impact of emerging prey from a post-mining lake on terrestrial food webs and associated arthropod communities, we compared the emergence and activity of arthropods as well as the isotopic niches of generalist predators and their potential prey between lakeshores of a post-mining and a natural lake. We used aquatic and terrestrial emergence tents to sample potential prey that emerged locally (Collembola and Diptera) and pitfall traps to sample terrestrial arthropod predators (Carabidae and Araneae) from lakeshores. Community and stable isotope (δ13C and δ15N) analyses were performed to compare diversity and isotopic niches of generalist arthropod predators between the natural and post-mining lakeshores. The number of emerging aquatic and terrestrial prey did not differ significantly between lakes, but the δ15N values of aquatic emerging dipterans differed between the two lakes. Predator community diversity did not differ significantly between lakeshores, but generalist predator species from the natural lakeshore generally had larger isotopic niche sizes than the same species at the post-mining lakeshore indicating a more diverse diet. Additional estimates of diet composition suggest that predators at the natural lakeshore utilized aquatic prey to a lesser degree than at the post-mining lake, but still had a more diverse diet. KW - Carabids KW - Food web KW - Post-mining lake KW - Spiders KW - Stable isotopes KW - Subsidies Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fooweb.2024.e00368 SN - 2352-2496 VL - 41 SP - 1 EP - 9 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Pohl, Lydia A1 - Winkler, Pauline A1 - Mikutta, Robert A1 - Rücknagel, Jan A1 - Gerwin, Werner T1 - Potential of Fe sludge addition to increase the water holding capacity of sandy soil substrates T2 - Journal of environmental management N2 - Iron (Fe) hydroxide sludge is a by-product of open-pit lignite mining that accumulates in large quantities during acid mine drainage (AMD) treatment, where Fe²⁺ is precipitated to mitigate its environmental impact on aquatic ecosystems. Large quantities accrue, and the majority of Fe sludge is currently landfilled, although it may hold potential for beneficial reuse, for example, as a soil amendment. Hence, this study investigated the potential of Fe sludge to improve the water-holding capacity of sandy soils. A pure quartz sand and three sandy soil substrates were mixed with three different amounts of Fe oxide sludge (15, 30, and 60 t ha⁻¹) in pelletized and powdered form. Plant-available water-holding capacity (AWHC) was measured for all treatments, and results were compared to controls without Fe oxide sludge addition. The quartz sand's AWHC increased at all application rates of Fe sludge. In natural sandy soil substrates, Fe sludge increased AWHC at the highest application rate only in the soil material with an initial AWHC of <10 vol%. The application of powdered Fe sludge was found to be more effective than pelletized sludge. We conclude that Fe oxide sludge applied as powder has the potential to enhance the AWHC of soils with an initial AWHC <10 vol%, thus improving the quality of sandy substrates in post-mining areas. Yet, application of Fe sludge to improve soil physical properties should always consider their simultaneous impact on soil chemical properties, such as pH buffering, carbon accumulation, and effects on potentially harmful trace elements. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.126870 SN - 0301-4797 VL - 393 SP - 1 EP - 11 PB - Elsevier BV CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Majaura, Marie A1 - Sutterlütti, Rahel A1 - Böhm, Christian A1 - Freese, Dirk T1 - High and dry : barley (Hordeum vulgare) yield benefits from tree presence in a temperate alley cropping system during a drought year T2 - Agroforestry systems N2 - Alley cropping systems (ACS) are promoted as sustainable, resilient and multifunctional land-use systems. However, concerns about yield reductions persist and whether these are driven by microclimate alterations or below-ground competition for water remains unclear. In this study, we measured wind speed, air temperature, and global radiation at seven positions within a 48 m wide crop alley of a short rotation ACS in Germany with summer barley (Hordeum vulgare) and poplar (Populus nigra × P. maximowiczii and P. trichocarpa Torrey & A. Gray) and on a treeless reference field (OF) during a particularly dry and warm year. Additionally, gravimetric soil water content and crop yield were assessed with high spatial resolution. Our results show that tree strips influenced all measured parameters. Global radiation and air temperature patterns varied dynamically with shading, while night-time air temperatures were unexpectedly highest on the OF. Wind speeds were reduced by up to 98% near tree strips and 81% further away. Soil water content displayed a U-shaped pattern, with higher values near tree strips, a rare observation in ACS. Crop yields in the ACS were twice as high as in the OF, despite being lower near tree strips. Yields were strongly correlated with global radiation but not with air temperature, wind speed, or soil water content. These findings provide preliminary evidence that tree presence in ACS can, under certain conditions, contribute to increased crop yields. The results suggest that ACS provide potential benefits for sustainable land-use, but further multi-year and multi-site studies are needed to validate the observed yield patterns across different environments and years, particularly under varying climatic conditions. Further research should also explore the indirect effects of microclimate modifications on soil water dynamics, including evapotranspiration. Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-025-01267-9 SN - 0167-4366 VL - 99 IS - 6 SP - 1 EP - 20 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC CY - Dordrecht ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kelly, Julia A1 - Doerr, Stefan H. A1 - Ekroos, Johan A1 - Ibáñez, Theresa S. A1 - Islam, Md. Rafikul A1 - Santín, Cristina A1 - Soares, Margarida A1 - Kljun, Natascha T1 - No recovery of soil respiration four years after fire and post-fire management in a Nordic boreal forest T2 - Agricultural and forest meteorology N2 - The long-term carbon storage capacity of the boreal forest is under threat from the increasing frequency and intensity of wildfires. In addition to the direct carbon emissions during a fire, the burnt forest often turns into a net carbon emitter after fire, leading to large additional losses of carbon over several years. Understanding how quickly forests recover after a fire is therefore vital to predicting the effects of fire on the forest carbon balance. We present soil respiration and CH4 fluxes, soil chemistry, microclimate and vegetation survey data from the first four years after a wildfire in a Pinus sylvestris forest in Sweden. This is an understudied part of the boreal biome where forest management decisions interact with disturbances to affect forest growth. We analysed how fire severity and post-fire salvage-logging affected soil carbon fluxes. The fire did not affect soil CH4 uptake. However, soil respiration was significantly affected by the presence or absence of living trees after the fire and post-fire forest management. Tree mortality due to the high-severity fire, or the salvage-logging of living trees after low-severity fire, led to immediate and significant decreases in soil respiration. Salvage-logging of dead trees after high-severity fire did not alter soil respiration compared to when the dead trees were left standing. However, it did significantly slow the regrowth of understory vegetation. Our results highlight that the impact of salvage-logging on the soil carbon fluxes depends on fire severity but that logging always slows the natural recovery of vegetation after fire. The soil CO2 fluxes did not show signs of recovery at any of the burnt sites during the first four years since the fire. KW - Soil respiration KW - Wildfire KW - Recovery KW - Salvage-logging KW - Boreal forest KW - Methane flux Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2025.110454 SN - 0168-1923 VL - 364 SP - 1 EP - 14 PB - Elsevier BV CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gavín-Centol, María Pilar A1 - Serrano-Carnero, Diego A1 - Montserrat, Marta A1 - Balanzategui, Iñaki A1 - Scheu, Stefan A1 - Truu, Jaak A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Sánchez-Moreno, Sara A1 - Moya-Laraño, Jordi T1 - Drought impairs detritivore feeding activity more strongly in northern than in southern European latitudes T2 - Soil biology and biochemistry N2 - Soil detritivores play key roles in decomposition processes closely related to ecosystem services. Drought and soil organic carbon depletion due to agricultural management are detrimental to soil biodiversity, but their interactive effects on soil biota and associated processes have not been thoroughly investigated. In 2018, we used rain-out shelters to experimentally induce drought in wheat fields of contrasting levels of organic carbon in Sweden, Germany and Spain. That year Europe experienced a climatic dipole, with exceptionally severe droughts in northern latitudes. We assessed the feeding activity of soil detritivores by bait-lamina tests, and measured several abiotic and biotic soil parameters. In the peak of the dipole drought (summer) southern fields had the driest soils. Nonetheless, detritivore feeding activity responded to the experimental drought by shifting to deeper soil layers there. Low soil organic carbon (SOC) levels exacerbated the latter effect. However, in this same period, feeding activity in northern and central Europe was two orders of magnitude lower than in the south, and failed to respond to either the experimental treatment and/or SOC levels. Using mixed-effects longitudinal random forests, we detected various candidate drivers of detritivore feeding activity: soil moisture, phosphorus content, bacteria and nematodes. Different bacterial taxa were associated to detritivory in each country, but their potential influence was pervasive. Thus, our results suggest that drought had adverse effects on detritivore feeding, which were exacerbated northwards due to the climatic dipole. Increased SOC levels mitigated drought effects only in southern soils. Regional adaptation of soil biota to aridity could explain the response of detritivores in southern Europe to drought. Machine learning algorithms arise as useful tools for exploring potential drivers relating biodiversity to soil processes. Overall, future research on the effects of drought on soil biodiversity and processes will be key for tackling climate change impacts in terrestrial ecosystems. KW - Agroecosystems KW - Ecosystem functioning KW - Climatic dipole KW - Soil biota KW - Invertebrate detritivores KW - Bait-lamina test Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2024.109594 SN - 0038-0717 VL - 199 SP - 1 EP - 15 PB - Elsevier BV CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herglotz, Christian A1 - Jabłoński, Ireneusz A1 - Karnapke, Reinhardt A1 - Shahin, Keyvan A1 - Reichenbach, Marc T1 - Designing intelligent sensor networks : a comprehensive survey of sensing, edge AI, and 5G+/6G connectivity T2 - IEEE access N2 - With the advent of advanced transmission technologies, powerful neural-network architectures, and the availability of cheap sensing solutions, new paradigms for monitoring, controlling, and optimizing any automated system are appearing. While traditionally, sensors simply provided visual or acoustic feedback to human operators of such systems, nowadays, autonomous systems more and more rely on the automatic sensing and processing of such data to react and adapt their control mechanisms. In such complex control systems, sensor networks play a vital role. In this paper, we assess the state of the art in the three main components used within sensor networks: smart sensing elements, transmission technologies, and processing technologies. Concerning the latter, more and more artificial intelligence-based methods are developed and applied turning smart sensor networks into intelligent or even cognitive sensor networks. For the development of such sensing systems, a high variety of performance metrics could be important to the designer. This paper discusses the vast design space for intelligent sensor networks and provides guidance and directions on how to construct future intelligent sensor networks efficiently. KW - 5G, Sensor networks, Edge computing, Energy efficiency, KPIs, Design space, AI Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3615205 SN - 2169-3536 VL - 13 SP - 172306 EP - 172325 PB - IEEE CY - Piscataway, NJ ER -