TY - GEN A1 - Nazari, Soheil T1 - The Construction Technique of the Dome of Nizam al-Mulk in the Friday Mosque of Isfahan T2 - 8th Congress on Construction History ETH Zürich N2 - The Friday Mosque of Isfahan is one of the Iran’s most prominent monuments and one of the great masterpieces in the history of architecture, in particular of the construction of complex vaults. The mosque is built around a central courtyard crowned by several vaults and two dome chambers in the main axis of the complex. The southern domed chamber, known as the dome of Nizām al-Mulk the powerful Persian vizier (1018-1092), built under the rule of Malikshāh the Seljuq (1072-92) in front of the qibla wall. The building marks a significant point in the history of Iranian architecture. Spanning about 15m and reaching a height of 26.54m at the inner apex, it is the largest masonry dome constructed in the Islamic world until that time. As well as the addition of an iwan to the northern edge of the chamber, facing to the central yard, the concept of a dome and iwan would serve as a model for many mosque architecture during the Seljuqs until the end of the 12th century AD. While previous investigations of the building were primarily archaeological, this study focusses on the structure and construction of the dome. This includes the masonry arches of the hall, the transitional zone, and in particular the dome itself that shows a unique combination of ribs and shells. The investigations are carried out on the basis of a new survey. The geometric analyses enabled us to reconstruct the structure of the dome. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3218/4166-8 SP - 796 EP - 803 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wendland, David A1 - Gielen, Mark ED - Holzer, Stefan ED - Langenberg, Silke ED - Knobling, Clemens ED - Kasap, Orkun T1 - The revolution in vault construction before the Gothic: Speyer Cathedral, some related examples, and the development of wide spanned vaults in the 11th and 12th centuries T2 - Construction Matters. Proceedings of the 8th International Congress on Construction History N2 - The principles of the geometric design and construction of Gothic vaults mark a fundamental shift in vault conception. In reality, the underlying geometric conceptions were established well before the Gothic, and the relation to the development of rib vaults is more complex than it has been generally assumed. The vaults in Speyer Cathedral, one of the most prominent church buildings in the Middle Ages, are exemplary for innovative vault design in the eleventh century. Moreover, here the first high vaults were built over a large church nave, and the first cross vaults with diagonal ribs appear. We intend to show the key position in the history of medieval vault construction, regarding the geometric design as well as the new structural system. The impact can be shown in prominent vaulted structures from the early Gothic, in particular the nave of the Cathedral of Angers and the high vaults in Notre-Dame in Paris. The study is based on surveys, 3-D-Scans, and geometric analyses, aiming to understand design and construction of the vaults, the details of the masonry and stonework, as well as the structural elements. In the context of the historical development of applied geometry we also discuss the role of stereotomy in the architecture of the cathedral. This raises the question of the origins of the canon of design exercises that is connotated with Early Modern treatises of architecture. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://vdf.ch/construction-matters-e-book.html SN - 978-3-7281-4166-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3218/4166-8 SP - 771 EP - 779 PB - vdf Hochschulverlag AG ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lengenfeld, Jonas ED - Holzer, Stefan ED - Langenberg, Silke ED - Knobling, Clemens ED - Kasap, Orkun T1 - Building service solutions in the first half of the 13th century CE. - variations of the same tasks in the two towers of the Margraves of Baden in Besigheim T2 - Construction Matters. Proceedings of the 8th International Congress on Construction History N2 - The relative chronology and ideas behind development in medieval building services are often difficult to prove. Especially concerning the High Middle Ages, the acquisition of knowledge is hindered not only by the large amount of unpublished unknown or destroyed objects, but also by the lack of written sources. With the two towers of Besigheim in southern Germany, well-preserved examples of stately architecture extant to this day. A detailed Building Archeological survey of them can offer us a regionally and temporally fixed insights into building services, their variations and the ideas which underpinned them. Y1 - 2024 UR - https://vdf.ch/construction-matters-e-book.html SN - 978-3-7281-4166-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3218/4166-8 SP - 833 EP - 840 PB - vdf Hochschulverlag AG ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bücherl, Heike ED - Mascarenhas-Mateus, João ED - Paula Pires, Ana T1 - Incomplete: The discontinued building project of a Greek temple of the Classical period T2 - History of construction cultures : proceedings of the 7th International Congress on Construction History (7ICCH 2021), July 12-16, 2021, Lisbon, Portugal. Volume 2 Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-1-003-17343-4 SN - 978-1-032-00203-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003173434-114 SP - 17 EP - 23 PB - CRC Press CY - Boca Raton ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lengenfeld, Jonas ED - Mascarenhas-Mateus, João ED - Paula Pires, Ana T1 - Simply complex: Case studies on complex stone constructions of High Medieval courtly chimneys T2 - History of construction cultures : proceedings of the 7th International Congress on Construction History (7ICCH 2021), July 12-16, 2021, Lisbon, Portugal. Volume 2 Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-1-00-317343-4 SN - 978-1-032-00203-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003173434-119 SP - 55 EP - 62 PB - CRC Press CY - Boca Raton ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nazari, Soheil ED - Mascarenhas-Mateus, João ED - Paula Pires, Ana T1 - The practical geometry of Persian ribbed vaults: A study of the rehabilitation of the Kolahduzan Dome in the Tabriz historic bazaar T2 - History of construction cultures : proceedings of the 7th International Congress on Construction History (7ICCH 2021), July 12-16, 2021, Lisbon, Portugal. Volume 2 Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-1-00-317343-4 SN - 978-1-032-00203-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003173434-169 SP - 439 EP - 446 PB - CRC Press CY - Boca Raton ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wendland, David A1 - Gielen, Mark A1 - Korensky, Vladimir ED - Mascarenhas-Mateus, João ED - Paula Pires, Ana T1 - The construction and Stereotomy of the medieval vaults in Notre-Dame: Planning, stone-cutting and building of the double-curved shells T2 - History of construction cultures : proceedings of the 7th International Congress on Construction History (7ICCH 2021), July 12-16, 2021, Lisbon, Portugal. Volume 2 Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-1-00-317343-4 SN - 978-1-032-00203-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003173434-155 SP - 333 EP - 340 PB - CRC Press CY - Boca Raton ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmitt, Rebecca Erika A1 - Wendland, David ED - Mascarenhas-Mateus, João ED - Paula Pires, Ana T1 - The geometric design of the “Guarinesque” vaults in Banz and Vierzehnheiligen in relation to the treatises of stereotomy T2 - History of construction cultures : proceedings of the 7th International Congress on Construction History (7ICCH 2021), July 12-16, 2021, Lisbon, Portugal. Volume 2 N2 - Johann Dientzenhofer’s Banz Abbey Church (1710-1718) and Balthasar Neumann’s church of Vierzehnheiligen (1743-1772), both located in Upper Franconia (Germany), are characterised by their masonry vaults, sequences of oval domes separated by double-curved arches. This Late Baroque architecture has been called “Guarinesque”; however, the conceptual connection between the vaults and Guarino Guarini’s architecture remains to be thoroughly investigated. This paper resumes the discussion about the geometric definitions of these vaults using the modern methods of geometric analysis and reverse geometrical engineering, based on 3D laser scanning. The analysis of these scans reveals a design process based on plane circle segments and ovals, while more complex geometric procedures are not necessary to describe the vaults. Further, the relationship between these designs and the procedures of geometric design described in the treatises of stereotomy since the 16th century can be shown. On this background, the relation to Guarini’s Architettura Civile (1737) is discussed. KW - geometric design KW - vault KW - vaulting KW - Banz KW - Vierzehnheiligen KW - Balthasar Neumann KW - Johann Dientzenhofer KW - 3D laser scan KW - reverse engineering KW - geometric analysis KW - stereotomy KW - Guarino Guarini KW - guarinesque KW - architettura civile Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-1-00-317343-4 SN - 978-1-032-00203-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003173434-160 SP - 371 EP - 378 PB - CRC Press CY - Boca Raton ER -