TY - GEN A1 - Sieber, André A1 - Nolte, Jörg A1 - Karnapke, Reinhardt T1 - Compensating Dynamic Effects with Budget-based Energy Management to Reach Lifetime Goals T2 - Sensors & Transducers N2 - Nodes within sensor networks often have tight bound goals for the lifetime while running from a non-renewable energy source. Variations within the hardware or induced by the software complicate the prediction of the energy consumption. Additionally, batteries are vulnerable to temperature and non-linear effects. To reach certain lifetime goals under these influences without sacrificing energy due to pessimistic estimations, online energy management is necessary. At Sensorcomm 2015 we presented policies to control the behavior of applications and devices using energy budgets. This paper is an extended version which adds further details and the evaluation of the proposed dynamic energy management in a real-world scenario. KW - Wireless Sensor Networks KW - Energy Management KW - Lifetime Goals Y1 - 2015 SN - 2306-8515 VL - 194 IS - 11 SP - 22 EP - 34 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Busse, Anselm A1 - Karnapke, Reinhardt A1 - Parzyjegla, Helge T1 - Simulation-Based Tracing and Profiling for System Software Development T2 - Proceedings of the 10th ACM International Systems and Storage Conference, SYSTOR '17 Y1 - 2017 SN - 978-1-4503-5035-8 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1145/3078468.3078475 SP - 8:1 EP - 8:6 PB - ACM CY - New York, NY ER - TY - GEN A1 - Graff, Daniel A1 - Karnapke, Reinhardt T1 - Spatio-Temporal Coordination of Mobile Robot Swarms T2 - IEEE 41st Conference on Local Computer Networks (LCN), Dubai, UAE, 7-10 Nov. 2016 Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-1-5090-2054-6 SP - 515 EP - 518 PB - IEEE CY - Piscataway ER - TY - GEN A1 - Graff, Daniel A1 - Karnapke, Reinhardt T1 - The Swarm as a Service: Virtualization of Motion T2 - Eleventh IEEE International Workshop on Practical Issues in Building Sensor Network Applications (IEEE SenseApp 2016) Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-1-5090-2347-9 SP - 129 EP - 136 PB - IEEE CY - Piscataway ER - TY - GEN A1 - Graff, Daniel A1 - Karnapke, Reinhardt T1 - Cyber-Physical Systems - Exemplary Applications and a Distributed Execution Platform T2 - 2016 IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Innovative Business Practices for the Transformation of Societies (EmergiTech 2016) Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-1-5090-0706-6 PB - IEEE CY - Piscataway ER - TY - GEN A1 - Karnapke, Reinhardt A1 - Nolte, Jörg T1 - Unidirectional Link Counter - a Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks with Many Unidirectional Links T2 - 14th Annual Mediterranean Ad Hoc Networking Workshop (Med-Hoc-Net 2015), Vilamoura, Portugal, 17 - 18 June 2015 Y1 - 2015 SN - 978-1-4673-7306-7 SP - 1 EP - 7 PB - IEEE CY - Piscataway ER - TY - GEN A1 - Graff, Daniel A1 - Karnapke, Reinhardt T1 - From Centralized Management of Robot Swarms to Decentralized Scheduling T2 - 2018 IEEE International Conference on Internet of Things and Intelligence System (IOTAIS) Y1 - 2018 SN - 978-1-5386-7358-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/IOTAIS.2018.8600917 SP - 141 EP - 147 PB - IEEE CY - Piscataway, NJ ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Sieber, André A1 - Karnapke, Reinhardt A1 - Nolte, Jörg T1 - From Energy Accounting to Energy Management T2 - 13. GI/ITG Fachgespräch Sensornetze, 25. und 26. September 2014 an der Universität Potsdam N2 - Embedded systems, e.g. nodes within sensor networks, often have tight bound goals for lifetime while running from a not renewable energy source. Mostly batteries are used, which are vulnerable to temperature and non-linear effects. Additionally, variations within the hardware or induced by the software make the prediction of the available and consumed energy a complicated task. To reach certain lifetime goals under these influences, online energy management is necessary. For a fine-grained management on the level of individual sub-tasks, it is necessary to know where in the system the energy is consumed. In this work, we extend our online energy accounting approach to enable online energy management. We present ways to control application and device behavior, and, thus, energy using energy budgets. First experiments yield promising results, reaching their lifetime goals while maintaining a high application quality. KW - Energy accounting KW - Energy management KW - Wireless sensor networks Y1 - 2014 SP - 25 EP - 28 PB - Universität CY - Potsdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Beyer, Sandra A1 - Lohs, Stefan A1 - Karnapke, Reinhardt A1 - Nolte, Jörg T1 - Self-Stabilizing Aggregation- and Reduction-Structures for Wireless Sensor Networks T2 - 13. GI/ITG Fachgespräch Sensornetze, 25. und 26. September 2014 an der Universität Potsdam Y1 - 2014 SP - 13 EP - 16 PB - Universität CY - Potsdam ER - TY - GEN A1 - Karnapke, Reinhardt A1 - Nolte, Jörg A1 - Mank, Stephan T1 - An Adaptive TDMA based MAC Protocol for Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks T2 - International Conference on Sensor Technologies and Applications, SENSORCOMM 2007, Valencia, Spain, October 14 - 20 Y1 - 2007 SN - 978-0-7695-2988-2 SP - 62 EP - 69 PB - IEEE CY - Piscataway, NJ ER - TY - GEN A1 - Karnapke, Reinhardt A1 - Krüger, Maik A1 - Nolte, Jörg T1 - Controlling Sensors and Actuators Collectively using the COCOS-Framework T2 - 1st ACM Workshop on Sensor Actor Networks, SANET 2007, held at MobiCom '07, September 9 - 14, 2007, Montreal, Quebec, Canada Y1 - 2007 SN - 978-1-60423-389-6 SP - 53 EP - 54 PB - Red Hook, NY CY - Curran ER - TY - GEN A1 - Karnapke, Reinhardt A1 - Nolte, Jörg A1 - Walther, Karsten A1 - Sieber, André T1 - Using Preemption in Event Driven Systems with a Single Stack T2 - The Second International Conference on Sensor Technologies and Applications (SENSORCOMM 2008), 25 - 31 August 2008, Cap Esterel, France Y1 - 2008 SN - 978-0-7695-3330-8 SP - 384 EP - 390 PB - IEEE CY - Piscataway, NJ ER - TY - GEN A1 - Karnapke, Reinhardt A1 - Nolte, Jörg T1 - COPRA - A COmmunication PRocessing Architecture for Wireless Sensor Networks T2 - Parallel processing, proceedings, 12th International Euro-Par Conference, Dresden, Germany, August 28 - September 1, 2006 Y1 - 2006 SP - 951 EP - 960 PB - Springer CY - Berlin [u.a.] ER - TY - GEN A1 - Graff, Daniel A1 - Röhrig, Daniel A1 - Karnapke, Reinhardt T1 - Systemic Support of Transaction-Based Spatial-Temporal Programming of Mobile Robot Swarms T2 - Proceedings of the 40th Annual IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks LCN 2015, Clearwater Beach, Florida, USA N2 - In this paper, we present an approach to support transaction-based spatial-temporal programming of mobile robot swarms on a systemic level. We introduce a programming model for swarms of mobile robots. Swarm applications consist of concurrent, distributed and context-aware actions. We provide distributed transactions in order to guarantee atomic execution of a set of dependent actions. We distinguish between schedulability and executability of a set of actions. In order to guarantee exe- cutability of a distributed transaction of spatial-temporal actions, we present the concept of path alternatives and a time-based two- phase commit protocol in order to assure consistency. We show the feasibility of our approach by a proof-of-concept. Y1 - 2015 SP - 730 EP - 733 PB - IEEE ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sieber, André A1 - Nolte, Jörg A1 - Karnapke, Reinhardt T1 - Using Energy Budgets to Reach Lifetime Goals while Compensating Dynamic Effects T2 - SENSORCOMM 2015, The Ninth International Conference on Sensor Technologies and Applications, August 23-28, 2015 Venice, Italy N2 - Nodes within sensor networks often have tight bound goals for the lifetime while running from a non-renewable energy source. Variations within the hardware or induced by the software complicate the prediction of the energy consumption. Additionally, batteries are vulnerable to temperature and non-linear effects. To reach certain lifetime goals under these influences without sacrificing energy due to pessimistic estimations, online energy management is necessary. In this paper, we present policies to control the behavior of applications and devices using energy budgets. First experiments yield promising results, with nodes reaching their lifetime goals while maintaining a high application quality. KW - Wireless Sensor Networks KW - Energy Management KW - Lifetime Goals Y1 - 2015 SN - 978-1-61208-425-1 SP - 7 EP - 13 PB - IARIA ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lohs, Stefan A1 - Karnapke, Reinhardt A1 - Nolte, Jörg T1 - Link stability in a wireless sensor network - an experimental study T2 - Sensor systems and software, third international ICST conference, revised selected papers, Lisbon, Portugal, June 4 - 5, 2012 KW - wireless sensor networks, link stability, unidirectional links Y1 - 2012 SN - 978-3-642-32777-3 SP - 146 EP - 163 PB - Springer CY - Heidelberg [u.a.] ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nürnberger, Stefan A1 - Karnapke, Reinhardt A1 - Nolte, Jörg T1 - Sensorium - An Active Monitoring System for Neighborhood Relations in Wireless Sensor Networks T2 - Ad hoc networks, second international conference, revised selected papers, ADHOCNETS 2010, Victoria, BC, Canada, August 18 - 20, 2010 Y1 - 2010 SN - 978-3-642-17993-8 SP - 34 EP - 48 PB - Springer CY - Berlin [u.a.] ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sieber, André A1 - Karnapke, Reinhardt A1 - Nolte, Jörg A1 - Martschei, Thomas T1 - Using Sensor Technology to Protect an Endangered Species: A Case Study T2 - 2011 IEEE 36th Conference on Local Computer Networks (LCN), Bonn, Germany, 4 - 7 October 2011, vol. 2 Y1 - 2011 SN - 978-1-61284-926-3 SP - 1044 EP - 1047 PB - IEEE ER - TY - GEN A1 - Karnapke, Reinhardt A1 - Nolte, Jörg A1 - Walther, Karsten T1 - An Existing Complete House control System Based on the REFLEX Operating System: Implementation an Experiences over a Period of 4 Years T2 - 13th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation, ETFA 2008, Hamburg, Germany Y1 - 2008 SN - 978-1-4244-1506-9 SP - 40 EP - 45 PB - IEEE CY - Piscataway, NJ ER - TY - GEN A1 - Karnapke, Reinhardt A1 - Walther, Karsten ED - Paiva, Sara T1 - Realizing Seamless Integration of Sensors and Actuators into the IoT T2 - Science and Technologies for Smart Cities : 7th EAI International Conference, SmartCity360°, Virtual Event, December 2-4, 2021, Proceedings Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-3-031-06370-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06371-8_44 SN - 978-3-031-06371-8 SN - 1867-8211 SN - 1867-822X SP - 688 EP - 701 PB - Springer CY - Cham ER - TY - GEN A1 - Graff, Daniel A1 - Karnapke, Reinhardt T1 - Managing Swarms of Robots: From Centralized Scheduling to Decentralized Scheduling (work in progress) T2 - 17. GI/ITG KuVS Fachgespräch Sensornetze, 13./14. September 2018, Braunschweig Y1 - 2018 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:gbv:084-2018110614244 SP - 23 EP - 26 PB - Technische Universität CY - Braunschweig ER - TY - GEN A1 - Graff, Daniel A1 - Karnapke, Reinhardt T1 - On the Need of Systemic Support for Spatio-Temporal Programming of Mobile Robot Swarms T2 - 11th International Conference on Mobile Ad-hoc and Sensor Networks, (MSN 2015), 16-18 December 2015, Shenzhen, China Y1 - 2015 SN - 978-1-5090-0329-7 SP - 227 EP - 235 PB - IEEE CY - Piscataway, NJ ER - TY - GEN A1 - Karnapke, Reinhardt A1 - Lohs, Stefan A1 - Lagemann, Andreas A1 - Nolte, Jörg T1 - Simulation of Unidirectional Links in Wireless Sensor Networks T2 - Proceedings of the 7th International ICST Conference on Simulation Tools and Techniques, SIMUTools '14 Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-1-63190-007-5 SP - 118 EP - 125 PB - ICST CY - Brüssel ER - TY - GEN A1 - Menzel, Hannes A1 - Karnapke, Reinhardt A1 - Büchner, Steffen A1 - Nolte, Jörg T1 - Applying Wireless Sensor Networks to Renaturation Monitoring: From Requirements to Deployment T2 - IFIP Wireless Days (WD) 2014, Rio/Brasil KW - Wireless Sensor Networks KW - Chicken Creek KW - Sens4U Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/WD.2014.7020825 PB - IEEE ER - TY - GEN A1 - Karnapke, Reinhardt A1 - Nolte, Jörg T1 - BuckshotDV - A robust Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks with unstable Network Topologies and Unidirectional Links T2 - SENSORCOMM 2014, The Eighth International Conference on Sensor Technologies and Applications, Lisbon, Portugal N2 - Experiments have shown that the number of asym- metric and unidirectional links often exceeds the number of bidirectional ones, especially in the transitional area of the communication range of wireless sensor nodes. Still, most of today’s routing protocols ignore their existence or try to remove their implications. Also, links are not stable over time, and routes become unusable often, resulting in a need for new routing protocols that can handle highly dynamic links and use unidirectional links to their advantage. In this paper, we present BuckshotDV, a routing protocol which is resilient against link fluctuations and uses the longer reach of unidirectional links to increase its performance. Furthermore, its distance vector nature makes it scalable for large sensor networks. Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-1-61208-374-2 SP - 60 EP - 65 PB - IARIA ER - TY - GEN A1 - Karnapke, Reinhardt A1 - Walther, Karsten ED - Piotrowski, Krzysztof T1 - Internet of Things and Real Internet of Things T2 - 20. GI/ITG KuVS Fachgespräch Sensornetze (FGSN 2023) N2 - Sensor networks have come a long way since their first inception 30 years ago. In this paper we look at the results achieved and the areas that still need research from an industry perspective. KW - wireless sensor networks, industrial control Y1 - 2023 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-66374 SP - 2 EP - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Chatharajupalli, Navya Sneha A1 - Rotta, Randolf A1 - Karnapke, Reinhardt A1 - Nolte, Jörg T1 - Assessing the Feasibility of Combined BLE and Wi-Fi Communication for High Data Sensing Applications T2 - EWSN '23: Proceedings of the 2023 International Conference on Embedded Wireless Systems and Networks N2 - Advanced sensors generate more data than can be transmitted using classic battery-powered wireless sensor networks. While using Wi-Fi would provide plenty of throughput, the receivers are energy hungry and, thus, the radio time needs to be reduced. Previous research suggests to combine Wi-Fi with low-power technologies such as BLE for an energy efficient coordination of the Wi-Fi radios. Existing approaches focus on individual point-to-point routes whereas certain applications require concurrent transmissions. We evaluated the combination of BLE and Wi-Fi on the ESP32-S3 multi-radio microcontroller through detailed energy and throughput measurements. The results show that established BLE connections allow to activateWi-Fi quickly on-demand; the energy efficiency of the data transmission is significantly improved over previous works but the BLE connection setup is prohibitively slow. While the combination of BLE and Wi-Fi provides high throughput with good energy efficiency, careful design of the BLE-based signalling protocol is necessary to also achieve low latency. Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5555/3639940.3639948 SP - 56 EP - 59 PB - Association for Computing Machinery CY - New York ER -