TY - GEN A1 - Eckstein, Nadine A1 - Hohmann, Andrea A1 - Weihrich, Richard A1 - Nilges, Tom A1 - Schmidt, Peer T1 - Synthesis and Phase Relations of Single-Phase Fibrous Phosphorus T2 - Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie N2 - Fibrous phosphorus is one of the known crystalline allotropes under standard pressure conditions. It has been predicted prior to its successful synthesis and structural characterization. The allotrope consists of parallel, tubular double strands of phosphorus, in contrast to the violet form of Hittorf's phosphorus, where the same strands are arranged in a perpendicular orientation towards each other. This structural similarity results in an almost identical energetic stability leading to a somehow problematic realization of single-phase materials. We herein report on the successful synthesis route to single phase fibrous phosphorus and the in situ characterization of its formation via the gas phase applying CuCl2 as a mineralizer. The sublimation pressure of fibrous phosphorus is slightly lower than the one of the black allotrope. This behavior indicates thermodynamic stability of fibrous phosphorus. KW - Allotropes;Phosphorus;High temperature gas balance Y1 - 2013 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/zaac.201300327/abstract U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.201300327 SN - 1521-3749 VL - Vol. 639 IS - 15 SP - 2741 EP - 2743 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bawohl, Melanie A1 - Nilges, Tom A1 - Schmidt, Peer T1 - Temperature Initiated P-Polymerization in Solid [Cd3Cu]CuP10 T2 - Inorganic chemistry N2 - [Cd3Cu]CuP10 is the first representative of a class of compounds featuring polyphosphidic adamantine-analogous [P10] units, which tend to be fragmented and polymerized to [P6] rings and tubular [P26] units in the solid state. A new polyphosphide with nominal composition Cd15Cu10P46 results, featuring isolated and polymerized polyanions. Thermoanalytic experiments and phase analytic measurements substantiated the consecutive loss of P4 and Cd of the starting material via different intermediate steps. After P4 loss, the new polyphosphide occurred followed by various binary copper phosphides to the final product Cu3P. KW - Thermal Analysis, Solid State Synthesis, Crystal Structure, Polyphosphide Y1 - 2013 UR - http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ic401508n U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/ic401508n SN - 1520-510X VL - 52 IS - 20 SP - 11895 EP - 11901 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Efimova, Anastasia A1 - Hubrig, Grit A1 - Schmidt, Peer T1 - Thermal stability and crystallization behavior of imidazolium halide ionic liquids T2 - Thermochimica Acta N2 - The 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium halide ionic liquids are stable up to temperatures of 246(1) °C ([BMIm]Cl), 260(1) °C ([BMIm]Br), and 238(1) °C ([BMIm]I). The thermal decomposition proceeds in thermogravimetric measurements with a total mass loss of 100%. Using evolved gas analysis (EGA) a complete degradation of [BMIm]X ionic liquids under formation of characteristic fragments CH3+, NHn+, C4Hn+, and CH3X+ (X = Cl, Br, I) has been observed. [BMIm]Cl shows enantiotropic polymorphism with a phase transition temperature at 30(1) °C, and melts at 74(1) °C (ΔHfus = 18 ± 0.5 kJ mol−1). Spontaneous e-crystallization and reversible phase transition have been found for cooling of the substance.[BMIm]Br melts at 78(1) °C (ΔHfus = 29 ± 0.5 kJ mol−1). The re-crystallization fails and thus a glassy solid is formed. The glass transition temperature is about −65 °C, the cold crystallization occurs between −30 and −20 °C. The application of both homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation agents does not interfere the glassy state. [BMIm]I undergo solidification without crystallization. The melting effect for the amorphous substance arise at −70(5) °C with ΔHfus = 0.4 ± 0.2 kJ mol−1. KW - Ionic liquids (ILs); 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium salts ([BMIm] salts); Thermal decomposition; Glass formation; Nucleation. Y1 - 2013 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040603113004875 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2013.09.023 SN - 0040-6031 VL - Vol. 573 SP - 162 EP - 169 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schmidt, Peer A1 - Binnewies, Michael A1 - Glaum, Robert A1 - Schmidt, Marcus ED - Ferreira, Sukarno T1 - Advanced Topics on Crystal Growth N2 - Chemical Vapor Transport Reactions–Methods, Materials, Modeling: A variety of processes of crystal growth proceeds via the gas phase. A short comparative overview on gas phase transports is given here. In the main the concept of Chemical Vapor Transport Reactions is presented. KW - crystal growth, inorganic materials Y1 - 2013 UR - http://www.intechopen.com/books/advanced-topics-on-crystal-growth/chemical-vapor-transport-reactions-methods-materials-modeling SN - 978-953-51-1010-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5772/55547 SP - 228 EP - 305 PB - Intech Open CY - Rijeka ET - 1. Auflage ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Binnewies, Michael A1 - Glaum, Robert A1 - Schmidt, Marcus A1 - Schmidt, Peer T1 - Chemische Transportreaktionen N2 - Chemische Transportreaktionen weisen ein gemeinsames Merkmal auf: In Gegenwart eines gasförmigen Reaktionspartners, des Transportmittels, wird eine feste oder flüssige Komponente verflüchtigt. An anderer Stelle scheidet sie sich meist in Form gut ausgebildeter Kristalle wieder ab. So ist der Chemische Transport z. B. für den Festkörperchemiker ein unentbehrliches Verfahren zur Herstellung reiner, gut kristallisierter Feststoffe. Als umfassendes Handbuch behandelt dieses Werk die vielseitigen Aspekte von chemischen Transportreaktionen: Von der Grundlagenforschung bis hin zur praktischen Bedeutung, beispielsweise für die Funktionsweise von Halogenlampen. KW - Festkörperchemie; Transportreaktionen; Synthesemethoden; Chemische Verfahrenstechnik Y1 - 2011 UR - http://www.degruyter.com/view/product/174044 SN - 978-3-11-024897-5 PB - De Gruyter CY - Berlin ET - 1. Auflage ER - TY - GEN A1 - Efimova, Anastasia A1 - Pinnau, Sebastian A1 - Mischke, Matthias A1 - Breitkopf, Cornelia A1 - Ruck, Michael A1 - Schmidt, Peer T1 - Development of salt hydrate eutectics as latent heat storage for air conditioning and cooling T2 - Thermochimica Acta N2 - Sustainable air conditioning systems require heat reservoirs that operate between 4 and 20 ◦C. A systematic search for binary and ternary eutectics of inorganic salts and salt hydrates with melting temperatures in this temperature regime and with high enthalpies of fusion has been performed by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Promising results were obtained for the pseudo-ternary system Zn(NO3)2·6H2O, Mn(NO3)2·4H2O, and KNO3 with the melting temperature range 18–21 ◦C and the enthalpy of fusion of about 110 kJ kg−1. Suitable nucleating and thickening agents have been found and tested to prevent the mixture from supercooling and phase separation. KW - Phase change material (PCM); Latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES); Cold storage; Salt hydrate eutectics Y1 - 2014 UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004060311300573X U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2013.11.011 SN - 0040-6031 VL - 45 IS - 575 SP - 276 EP - 278 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Binnewies, Michael A1 - Glaum, Robert A1 - Schmidt, Marcus A1 - Schmidt, Peer T1 - Chemical Vapor Transport Reactions – A Historical Review T2 - Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie N2 - Since their first recognition in mineral forming processes some 150 years ago chemical vapor transport reactions (CVTR) have attracted continuous scientific interest. Due to the pioneering work of Harald Schäfer quantitative understanding and exploitation of transport reactions for crystal growth, synthesis, investigation of high-temperature gas species, and thermodynamic studies have become possible. Renewed interest in CVT is triggered by the demand of material sciences for novel compounds with tailor-made physical properties and by the need for efficient recycling strategies for various metals from industrial waste. KW - Crystal growth;CVT;Thermodynamic modeling;Transport balance;High-temperature reactions Y1 - 2013 UR - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/zaac.201300048/abstract U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.201300048 SN - 1521-3749 VL - Vol. 639 IS - 2 SP - 219 EP - 229 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Binnewies, Michael A1 - Glaum, Robert A1 - Schmidt, Marcus A1 - Schmidt, Peer T1 - Chemical Vapor Transport Reactions N2 - This comprehensive handbook covers the diverse aspects of chemical vapor transport reactions from basic research to important practical applications. The book begins with an overview of models for chemical vapor transport reactions and then proceeds to treat the specific chemical transport reactions for the elements, halides, oxides, sulfides, selenides, tellurides, pnictides, among others. Aspects of transport from intermetallic phases, the stability of gas particles, thermodynamic data, modeling software and laboratory techniques are also covered. Selected experiments using chemical vapor transport reactions round out the work, making this book a useful reference for researchers and instructors in solid state and inorganic chemistry. KW - Chemical Engineering; Solid State Chemistry; Inorganic Synthesis; Crystal Growth Y1 - 2012 UR - http://www.degruyter.com/view/product/129219 SN - 978-3-11-025464-8 PB - De Gruyter CY - Berlin ET - 1. Auflage ER -