TY - CHAP A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Hagedorn, Frank A1 - Zönnchen, Claudia A1 - Gülland, Kathi ED - Hüttl, Reinhard F. ED - Kögel-Knabner, Ingrid ED - Schulin, Rainer ED - Gerwin, Werner T1 - Project A2 – Interactions between soil solution and mineral surfaces: significance for initial element cycling T2 - Structures and processes of the initial ecosystem development phase in an artificial water catchment (Final report CRC/TR 38) Y1 - 2013 SP - 11 EP - 24 PB - BTU, Forschungszentrum Landschaftsentwicklung und Bergbaulandschaften (FZLB) CY - Cottbus ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. A1 - Kögel-Knabner, Ingrid A1 - Schulin, Rainer A1 - Gerwin, Werner ED - Hüttl, Reinhard F. ED - Kögel-Knabner, Ingrid ED - Schulin, Rainer ED - Gerwin, Werner T1 - Introduction T2 - Structures and processes of the initial ecosystem development phase in an artificial water catchment (Final report CRC/TR 38) Y1 - 2013 SP - 1 EP - 10 PB - BTU, Forschungszentrum Landschaftsentwicklung und Bergbaulandschaften (FZLB) CY - Cottbus ER - TY - GEN A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Böhm, Christian A1 - Quinkenstein, Ansgar A1 - Freese, Dirk T1 - Biologische Stickstoff-Fixierung der Robinie T2 - AFZ - der Wald N2 - Als Pionierbaumart besiedelt die Robinie (Robinia pseudoacacia) schnell offene Flächen und gilt im Vergleich zu anderen mitteleuropäischen Baumarten als relativ gut angepasst an trockene Standorte mit lockeren Böden. Sie gehört zu den wenigen Baumarten Mitteleuropas, die zur biologischen Stickstoff-Fixierung (BNF) befähigt sind. In dieser Studie soll der jährliche Eintrag von Stickstoff (N) aus der biologischen N-Fixierung der Robinie in Kurzumtriebsplantagen und Agroforstsystemen abgeschätzt werden. Y1 - 2013 IS - 2 SP - 40 EP - 42 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Zimmermann, Claudia T1 - Effect of pattern formation on C and N turnover heterogeneity in initial soils T2 - European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2013, Vienna, Austria, 07 – 12 April 2013 N2 - The formation of vegetation patterns and hydrological processes, among others, result in soil heterogeneity in newly exposed land surfaces.We studied the effect of these developling structures on carbon and nitrogen trunover in soils of the artificial catchment Chicken Creek (Schaaf et al. 2011, 2012). Substrates with different physical and geochemical properties in combination with different labelled plant litter materials were studied in a microcosm experiment over a period of 80 weeks. Main objectives of the microcosm experiment were to determine the transformation processes of C and N from litter decomposition within the gaseous, liquid and solid phase, the interaction with mineral surfaces and its role for the establishment of biogeochemical cycles. The microcosm experiments were established in a climate chamber at constant 10 °C. In total, 48 soil columns (diameter: 14.4 cm; height: 30 cm) were filled with two different quaternary substrates (sand and loamy sand) representing the textural variation within the catchment at a bulk density of 1.4-1.5 g cm-3. The columns were automatically irrigated with artificial rainwater four times a day with 6.6 ml each (corresponding to 600 mm yr-1). The gaseous phase in the headspace of the microcosms was analyzed continuously for CO2 and N2O concentrations. C and N transformation processes were studied using 13C and 15N labelled litter of two different plant species occurring at the catchment (Lotus corniculatus, Calamagrostis epigejos) that was incorporated into the microcosm surface. By including litter from species with wide distribution within the catchment and soil substrates representing the main variation types of the sediments used for catchment construction we were able to characterize the general function of these sub-patches within the catchment with respect to litter decomposition, soil solution composition, DOC and nutrient leaching, and impact on the mineral soil phase. The results suggest that initial differences in substrate composition in combination with invading vegetation leads to the development of patterns with different biogeochemical process intensities within the catchment. These patterns are not mere additive effects of substrates plus litter, but reflect differences in element cycling. Y1 - 2013 UR - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2013/EGU2013-10412.pdf N1 - EGU2013-10412 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Elmer, Michael A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Fischer, Anton A1 - Zaplata, Markus K. A1 - Nenov, Rossen T1 - Feedbacks between structures and processes during initial ecosystem development in an artificial catchment T2 - European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2013, Vienna, Austria, 07 – 12 April 2013 N2 - We studied the role of strutures and processes and their feedbacks during initial ecosystem development in the artificial catchment Chicken Creek. During the first seven years, considerable changes within the catchment were observed. Both internal and external factors could be identified as driving forces for the formation of structures and patterns in the artificial catchment. Initial structures formed by the construction process and initial substrate characteristics were decisive for the distribution and flow of water. External factors like episodic events triggered erosion and dissection during this initial phase, promoted by the low vegetation cover and the unconsolidated sandy substrate. The transformation of the initial geo-system into areas with evolving terrestrial or aquatic characteristics and from a very episodic to a more permanent stream network and discharge, together with the observed vegetation dynamics increased site diversity and heterogeneity with respect to water and nutrient availability and transformation processes compared to the more homogenous conditions at point zero. The processes and feedback mechanisms in the initial development of a new landscape may deviate in rates, intensity and dominance from those known from mature ecosystems. It is therefore crucial to understand these early phases of ecosystem development and to disentangle the increasingly complex interactions between the evolving terrestrial and aquatic, biotic and abiotic compartments of the system. Artificially created catchments could be a suitable tool to study these initial developments at the landscape scale under known, designed and defined boundary conditions. Y1 - 2013 UR - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2013/EGU2013-6837.pdf N1 - EGU2013-6837 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Böhm, Christian A1 - Quinkenstein, Ansgar A1 - Freese, Dirk ED - Krümmelbein, Julia ED - Raab, Thomas ED - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Ökonomische Bewertung des Energieholzanbaus in Kurzumtriebsplantagen und Agroforstsystemen im Rekultivierungsbereich des Braunkohletagebaus Welzow-Süd T2 - Energieholzproduktion und bodenphysikalische Untersuchungen auf Rekultivierungsflächen des Niederlausitzer Braunkohlereviers KW - Energieholzanbau KW - Kurzumtriebsplantage KW - Agroforstsystem Y1 - 2013 SN - 978-3-937728-12-4 SP - 77 EP - 102 PB - BTU CY - Cottbus ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Böhm, Christian A1 - Quinkenstein, Ansgar A1 - Freese, Dirk ED - Krümmelbein, Julia ED - Raab, Thomas ED - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Ertragsabschätzung von holzartiger Biomasse in Kurzumtriebsplantagen aus Robinie (Robinia Pseudoacacia L.) anhand allometrischer Funktionen T2 - Energieholzproduktion und bodenphysikalische Untersuchungen auf Rekultivierungsflächen des Niederlausitzer Braunkohlereviers KW - Kurzumtriebsplantagen KW - Biomasse Y1 - 2013 SN - 978-3-937728-12-4 SP - 61 EP - 76 PB - BTU CY - Cottbus ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Quinkenstein, Ansgar A1 - Böhm, Christian A1 - Freese, Dirk ED - Krümmelbein, Julia ED - Raab, Thomas ED - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Einsatz einer Bodenfräse zur Umwandlung einer Robinien-Kurzumtriebsplantage in Ackerland T2 - Energieholzproduktion und bodenphysikalische Untersuchungen auf Rekultivierungsflächen des Niederlausitzer Braunkohlereviers KW - Kurzumtriebsplantage Y1 - 2013 SN - 978-3-937728-12-4 SP - 103 EP - 109 PB - BTU CY - Cottbus ER - TY - GEN A1 - Risse-Buhl, Ute A1 - Hagedorn, Frank A1 - Dümig, Alexander A1 - Gessner, Mark O. A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Nii-Annang, Seth A1 - Gerull, Linda A1 - Mutz, Michael T1 - Dynamics, chemical properties and bioavailability of DOC in an early successional catchment T2 - Biogeosciences Discussion KW - DOC KW - bioavailability Y1 - 2013 SN - 1810-6285 VL - 10 IS - 1 SP - 1011 EP - 1049 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Mantovani, Dario A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Boldt-Burisch, Katja A1 - Fritsch, Simone ED - Jeltsch, Florian ED - Joshi, Jasmin T1 - Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) root growth response to different irrigation regimes T2 - GfÖ 43rd Annual Meeting, Building bridges in ecology, linking systems, scales and disciplines, September 9 to 13, 2013, Potsdam, Germany N2 - Robinia pseudoacacia L. is a pioneer tree species native from North America. Its original range is a climatic region classified as humid to sub-humid, with a mean annual precipitation of 1020 to 1830 mm. However, it grows under a wide range of edaphic and climatic conditions and the species has proven to be relatively drought tolerant. In central Europe, with a continental climate, the species has been successfully cropped for biomass production also on marginal land, even in post-­‐mining areas characterized by water limitation and harsh edaphic conditions. Due its drought tolerance, fast resprouting rate and its ability to live in symbiosis with Rhizobia and thus fix atmospheric nitrogen, black locust could become a key species for short-­‐rotation plantation on marginal land. Several studies have been already carried out to quantify the black locust above ground production and its water use efficiency. However, the relation between the black locust biomass allocation, root system development and plant water use has still to be examined. In our study we evaluated the drought stress effect on black locust below ground biomass production, root distribution, and the root and rhizobial association. Different irrigation regimes were chosen to test the plant’s performance in a lysimeter experiment, under semi-­‐controlled environmental conditions, for the duration of two vegetation periods. From the results obtained we determined the root biomass allocation under different irrigation regimes and identified the close relation between the soil water condition and the rhizobial association. Y1 - 2013 UR - http://www.gfoe-2013.de/download/130905_GFOe_2013_Abstracts.small.pdf SP - 33 EP - 34 ER - TY - THES A1 - Bubner, Ben T1 - Host specificity and biodiversity of ectomycorrhizal fungi in pure and mixed stands of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus-28056 PB - Techn. Univ. CY - Cottbus ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Mosquera-Losada, María Rosa A1 - Lamersdorf, N. P. A1 - Dupraz, Christian A1 - Rigueiro-Rodríguez, A. A1 - Moreno, G. A1 - Burgess, Paul J. A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Pantera, Anastasia A1 - Papanastasis, V. A1 - Amaral, P. J. A1 - Palma, J. A1 - Rosatti, A. A1 - Mezzalira, G. A1 - Watte, J. A1 - Briggs, S. ED - Poppy, Laura ED - Kort, John ED - Schroeder, Bill ED - Pollock, Tricia ED - Soolanayakanahally, Raju T1 - Presenting the European Agroforestry Federation T2 - Conference Proceedings, 13th North American Agroforestry Conference, 19-21 Juni 2013 in Charlottetown, Kanada N2 - The European Agroforestry Federation (EURAF) was founded in Paris in December 2011 by almost 250 people coming from 17 European countries. EURAF aims at promoting the adoption of all agroforestry practices across Europe (new and traditional). Y1 - 2013 SP - 69 EP - 70 CY - Charlottetown, Prince Edwards Island, Canada ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Böhm, Christian A1 - Kanzler, Michael A1 - Freese, Dirk ED - Poppy, Laura ED - Kort, John ED - Schroeder, Bill ED - Pollock, Tricia ED - Soolanayakanahally, Raju T1 - Fast growing tree species in alley cropping systems and their influence on microclimate in Germany T2 - Conference Proceedings, 13th North American Agroforestry Conference, 19-21 Juni 2013 in Charlottetown, Kanada Y1 - 2013 SP - 97 EP - 104 CY - Charlottetown, Prince Edwards Island, Canada ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Böhm, Christian T1 - Effekte agroforstlicher Landnutzung auf Mikroklima, Bodenfruchtbarkeit und Wasserqualität T2 - Tagungsband zum 2. Internationalen Kongress Agrarholz 2013, am 19. und 20.02.2013 in Berlin, Deutschland Y1 - 2013 SN - 978-3-942147-12-5 SP - 398 EP - 412 PB - FNR CY - Gülzow ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Mantovani, Dario A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Freese, Dirk ED - Jeltsch, Florian ED - Joshi, Jasmin T1 - Biomass production in agro-­‐systems: Is black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) the right choice? T2 - GfÖ 43rd Annual Meeting, Building bridges in ecology, linking systems, scales and disciplines, September 9 to 13, 2013, Potsdam, Germany N2 - Currently, black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) is an important tree species in Central and Eastern Europe for the production of biomass in short-rotation plantations. Being a ruderal species and relatively drought tolerant compared to other broad leaf trees, its use in agroforestry systems will increase. That is particularly true for marginal landscapes characterized by adverse edaphic conditions, where the soil water availability is limited and in summer drought can occur. Several studies have been carried out on the subject of the black locust primary production; however there are still open questions associated with its water consumption and the biomass production, in relation to the soil water availability. In order to investigate the soil-plant-atmosphere system interactions, in our studies the links between the growth rate, water use efficiency and the ecophysiological response have been examined in a two year lysimeter experiment. The two years old black locust plants were selected from a recultivated post-mining area (Welzow Süd, Lusatia, Brandenburg) and established in a 100 L wicked lysimeter, installed under a light transmissive roof to avoid uncontrolled water input. During the first vegetation period, the trees were maintained constantly under three different soil moisture regimes (well-watered, moderate, drought), in relation to the hydrostatic state of the lysimeters. For the second vegetation period instead, the plants were subjected to two different irrigation cycles (long term drought stress, short term drought stress), in relation of the drought stress and recovering time duration. The results were satisfactory. At whole plant level the water use efficiency, the growth rate under different soil moisture conditions and the morphological adaptation to drought condition were assessed. In addition, at leaf level we elucidated the relation between the soil moisture together with the atmospheric evaporative demand and the ecophysiological performance in terms of H2O and CO2 rate variation. From the results emerged that the black locust cultivar may have a positive or negative effect on the ecosystem function, depending on the water availability of the areas in object. The tree can tolerate periods of drought by reducing its transpiration rate, yet it is not to be considered a water saving trees species in a well watered condition. Y1 - 2013 UR - http://www.gfoe-2013.de/download/130905_GFOe_2013_Abstracts.small.pdf SP - 28 EP - 29 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Halke, Christian A1 - Gypser, Stella A1 - Mantovani, Dario A1 - Lebzien, Stefan A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Veste, Maik ED - Jeltsch, Florian ED - Joshi, Jasmin T1 - Yield, transpiration and growth of the new bioenergy crop IGNISCUM Candy under different water regimes T2 - GfÖ 43rd Annual Meeting, Building bridges in ecology, linking systems, scales and disciplines, September 9 to 13, 2013, Potsdam, Germany N2 - There is a growing global need to produce more energy and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. One possible source of renewable energy in parts of Europe is the use of crop for bioenergy production. Currently, maize dominates the biogas production. For a diversified production of substrates alternative crops needs to be evaluated for their sustainable utilization and ecological integration into agro-systems. The new bioenergy plants IGNISCUM Candy and IGNISCUM Basic are cultivars of the Sakhalin Knotweed (Fallopia sachalinensis, Fam. Polygonaceae), which are characterized by a high annual biomass production. Information on the crop production of this species is rare. Hence, understanding plant response to the combinations of water and nutrients availability is crucial for the development of sustainable plant production. In greenhouse experiments we investigate the interrelations between nutrient supply, biomass production, and plant ecophysiology. For the determination of yield-transpiration relations at whole plant level we used a wick lysimeter system, which allows us to study plant growth under controlled water regimes and to calculate the plant transpiration. The irrigation is supplied by an automatic drip irrigation system and computer-controlled in relation to the volumetric soil water content. Four different water treatments associated to the SWC range from well-watered to drought stressed plants. The influence of plant sizes on plant water use was investigated under different nitrogen supply. The fertilizer applied is calcium ammonium nitrate (N) and the rates for the four treatments are 0, 50, 100, 150 kg N/ha at the beginning of the growing season. Plant transpiration is calculated on the basis of water input, storage and drainage in weekly intervals. The cumulative transpiration of the plants during the growing season is between 49 L (drought stressed) and 141 L (well-watered) per plant, respectively. We calculated a transpiration coefficient of 525 Liters per kg dry biomass. Y1 - 2013 UR - http://www.gfoe-2013.de/download/130905_GFOe_2013_Abstracts.small.pdf SP - 32 EP - 33 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Risse-Buhl, Ute A1 - Hagedorn, Frank A1 - Dümig, Alexander A1 - Gessner, Mark O. A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Nii-Annang, Seth A1 - Gerull, Linda A1 - Mutz, Michael ED - Jeltsch, Florian ED - Joshi, Jasmin T1 - Dynamics, chemical properties and bioavailability of DOC in an early successional catchment T2 - GfÖ 43rd Annual Meeting, Building bridges in ecology, linking systems, scales and disciplines, September 9 to 13, 2013, Potsdam, Germany N2 - The dynamics of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) have been intensively studied in mature ecosystems, but little is known about DOC dynamics and the significance of DOC as a substrate for microbial activity in early-successional catchments. We determined the concentration, chemical composition, radiocarbon age, and bioavailability of DOC along the hydrological flow path from soil solution to a downstream pond in a recently constructed catchment (Chicken Creek Catchment, Germany). Soil solution, upwelling ground water, subsurface water in an alluvial fan, and pond water all had high DOC concentrations (averaged 6.0 – 11.6 mg DOC L‐1), despite small carbon stocks in either vegetation or soil of the catchment. The mean 14C age of DOC in upwelling ground water was 2600 to 2800 years. Solid-state CPMAS 13C NMR revealed a higher proportion of aromatic compounds (32%) and a lower proportion of carbohydrates (33%) in upwelling ground water compared to pond water (18% and 45%, respectively). 14C age and 13C NMR spectra suggest that DOC was partly mobilized from charred organic matter inherent in the Quaternary substrate. In a 70-days incubation experiment, 20% of the total DOC was found to be bioavailable, irrespective of the water type. Origin of the microbial communities within the catchment (enriched from soil, stream sediment or pond water) had only marginal effects on overall DOC utilization. Overall, our data suggest that both recent and old DOC support microbial activity during early ecosystem succession, although a large fraction of the DOC is recalcitrant and eventually exported from the catchment once it has been mobilized. Y1 - 2013 SP - S. 377 PB - Gesellschaft für Ökologie CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Böhm, Christian A1 - Kanzler, Michael A1 - Freese, Dirk ED - Pekrun, C. ED - Wachendorf, Magnus ED - Francke-Weltmann, L. T1 - Agroforstsysteme in Südbrandenburg - Effekte auf Mikroklima und Wasserqualität T2 - Nachhaltige Erzeugung von Nachwachsenden Rohstoffen, Tagung vom 04. bis 06. September 2013, Weihenstephan N2 - Der Agrarholzanbau stellt allgemein eine sehr extensive Form der landwirtschaftlichen Flächennutzung dar. So können beispielsweise die Winderosion oder der Stoffaustrag in das Grundwasser durch den Anbau von Bäumen auf ackerbaulich genutzten Standorten deutlich reduziert werden. Durch die Kombination von Bäumen und konventionellen Ackerfrüchten (Agroforstwirtschaft) können auch angrenzende Feldfruchtbereiche und somit der gesamte Ackerschlag von diesen positiven Effekten des Agrarholzanbaus profitieren. Im Rahmen dieser Studie wurde beispielhaft untersucht, ob und inwieweit der streifenförmige Anbau (Alley-Cropping) von im Kurzumtrieb bewirtschaftetem Agrarholz einerseits zu einer Verbesserung des Windschutzes und andererseits zu einer Erhöhung der Grundwasserqualität beitragen kann. Y1 - 2013 N1 - Tagung der Gesellschaft für Pflanzenbauwissenschaften e.V. mit der Technischen Universität München, der Bayerischen Landesanstalt für Landwirtschaft und dem Technologie- und Förderzentrum Straubing, 04. bis 06. September 2013, Weihenstephan SP - 180 EP - 181 PB - Verlag Halm CY - Göttingen ER -