TY - GEN A1 - Wanner, Manfred A1 - Elmer, Michael A1 - Kazda, Marian A1 - Xylander, Willi E. R. T1 - Community assembly of terrestrial testate amoebae: how is the very first beginning characterised? T2 - Microbial Ecology Y1 - 2008 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00248-007-9322-2 SN - 1432-184X N1 - Die Freilandarbeiten und die Auswertung erfolgten am Senckenberg Museum für Naturkunde Görlitz in Zusammenarbeit mit der Univ. Ulm und der BTU VL - 56 IS - 1 SP - 43 EP - 54 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stock, Oliver A1 - Downes, Nigel K. T1 - Effects of additions of organic matter on the penetration resistance of glacial till for the entire water tension range T2 - Soil & Tillage Research Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2008.02.002 SN - 0167-1987 VL - 99 IS - 2 SP - 191 EP - 201 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Böhm, Christian A1 - Landgraf, Dirk A1 - Makeschin, Franz T1 - Changes in total and labile carbon and nitrogen contents in a sandy soil after the conversion of a succession fallow to cultivated land T2 - Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science Y1 - 2010 SN - 1522-2624 VL - 173 IS - 1 SP - 46 EP - 54 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Plieninger, Tobias A1 - Balösius, Eva A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Die deutsche Agrarwirtschaft: Lokale Probleme, globale Forschungsfragen T2 - GAiA Y1 - 2008 SN - 0940-5550 VL - 17 IS - 3 SP - 295 EP - 297 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wanner, Manfred A1 - Elmer, Michael T1 - "Hot spots" on a new soil surface – how do testate amoebae settle down? T2 - Acta Protozoologica Y1 - 2009 SN - 1689-0027 VL - 48 IS - 3 SP - 281 EP - 289 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Boldt-Burisch, Katja A1 - Rank, Barbara T1 - Stomata dimorphism in dicotyledonous plants of temperate climate T2 - Feddes Repertorium Y1 - 2010 SN - 1522-239X VL - 121 IS - 5-6 SP - 167 EP - 183 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dellantonio, A. A1 - Fitz, W. J. A1 - Custovic, H. A1 - Repmann, Frank A1 - Schneider, Bernd Uwe A1 - Grünewald, Holger A1 - Gruber, V. A1 - Zgorelec, Z. A1 - Zerem, N. A1 - Carter, C. A1 - Markovic, M. A1 - Puschenreiter, M. A1 - Wenzel, W. T1 - Environmental risks of farmed and barren alkaline coal ash landfills in Tuzla, Bosnia and Hezegovina T2 - Environmental Pollution Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2007.08.032 VL - 153 IS - 3 SP - 677 EP - 686 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Flessa, H. A1 - Rodionov, Andrei A1 - Guggenberger, Georg A1 - Fuchs, H. A1 - Magdons, P. A1 - Shibistova, O. A1 - Zrazhevskaya, G. A1 - Mikheyeva, N. A1 - Kasansky, O. A. A1 - Blodau, C. T1 - Landscape controls of CH4 fluxes in a catchment of the forest tundra ecotone in northern Siberia T2 - Global Change Biology Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01633.x SN - 1365-2486 VL - 14 IS - 9 SP - 1 EP - 17 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Guggenberger, Georg A1 - Rodionov, Andrei A1 - Shibistova, O. A1 - Grabe, M. A1 - Kasansky, O. A. A1 - Fuchs, H. A1 - Mikheyeva, N. A1 - Zrazhevskaya, G. A1 - Flessa, H. T1 - Storage and mobility of black carbon in permafrost soils of the forest tundra ecotone in Northern Siberia T2 - Global Change Biology Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01568.x SN - 1757-1707 VL - 14 IS - 6 SP - 1367 EP - 1381 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kreyling, Jürgen A1 - Beierkuhnlein, Carl A1 - Elmer, Michael A1 - Pritsch, Karin A1 - Radovski, Monica A1 - Schloter, Michael A1 - Wöllecke, Jens A1 - Jentsch, Anke T1 - Soil biotic processes remain remarkably stable after 100-year extreme weather events in experimental grassland and heath T2 - Plant and Soil Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-008-9617-1 SN - 1573-5036 SN - 0032-079X VL - 308 IS - 1-2 SP - 175 EP - 188 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dilly, Oliver A1 - Franke, G. A1 - Nii-Annang, Seth A1 - Weber, K. A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Zyakun, Anatoly A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Soil respiratory indicators including carbon isotope characteristics in response to copper T2 - Geomicrobiology Journal Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/01490450802402992 SN - 1521-0529 VL - 25 IS - 7-8 SP - 390 EP - 395 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lemmnitz, Christine A1 - Kuhnert, Matthias A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Günter, A. A1 - Merz, Bruno A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Spatial and temporal variations of actual soil water repellency and their influence on surface runoff T2 - Hydrological Processes Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.6782 SN - 1099-1085 VL - 22 IS - 12 SP - 1976 EP - 1984 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Chabbi, Abad A1 - Sebilo, Mathieu A1 - Rumpel, Cornelia A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Mariotti, André T1 - Origin of Nitrogen in Reforested Lignite-Rich Mine Soils Revealed by Stable Isotope Analysis T2 - Environmental Science & Technology Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/es702377k SN - 1520-5851 VL - 42 IS - 8 SP - 2787 EP - 2792 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Krümmelbein, Julia A1 - Peth, Stephan A1 - Horn, Rainer T1 - Determination of pre-compression stress of various grazed steppe soil under static and cyclic loading T2 - Soil & Tillage Research Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2008.01.008 SN - 0167-1987 VL - 99 IS - 2 SP - 139 EP - 148 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dilly, Oliver A1 - Zyakun, Anatoly T1 - Priming Effect and Respiratory Quotient in a Forest Soil Amended with Glucose T2 - Geomicrobiology Journal Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/01490450802403099 SN - 1521-0529 VL - 25 IS - 7-8 SP - 425 EP - 431 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gebhardt, Sascha A1 - Neubert, K. A1 - Wöllecke, Jens A1 - Münzenberger, Babette A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Ectomycorrhiza communities of red oak (Quercus rubra L.) of different age in the Lusatian lignite mining district, East Germany T2 - Mycorrhiza Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-006-0103-4 SN - 1432-1890 VL - 17 IS - 4 SP - 279 EP - 290 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Grünewald, Holger A1 - Brandt, Barbara K. V. A1 - Schneider, Bernd Uwe A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Kendzia, Gerald A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Agroforestry systems for the production of woody biomass for energy transformation purposes T2 - Ecological Engineering Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2006.09.012 SN - 0925-8574 VL - 29 IS - 4 SP - 319 EP - 328 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Wahl, Niels Arne A1 - Fischer, Holger A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Water infiltration and hydraulic conductivity in sandy cambisols: impacts of forest transformation on soil hydrological properties T2 - European Journal of Forest Research Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-006-0133-7 SN - 1612-4677 VL - 126 IS - 1 SP - 101 EP - 109 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Buczko, Uwe A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Changes in soil water repellency in a pine-beech forest transformation chronosequence: Influence of antecedent rainfall and air temperature T2 - Ecological Engineering Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2007.03.006 SN - 0925-8574 VL - 31 IS - 3 SP - 197 EP - 204 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dilly, Oliver A1 - Munch, Jean Charles A1 - Pfeiffer, Eva-Maria T1 - Enzyme activities and litter decomposition in agricultural soils in northern, central, and southern Germany T2 - Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200622044 SN - 1522-2624 VL - 170 IS - 2 SP - 197 EP - 204 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mamilov, Anvar S. A1 - Dilly, Oliver T1 - Microbial characteristics during the initial stages of litter decomposition in forest and adjacent cropland soil T2 - Ecological Engineering Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2007.03.005 SN - 0925-8574 VL - 31 IS - 3 SP - 147 EP - 153 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hangen, Edzard A1 - Gerke, Horst H. T1 - Field Measurements of Air and Water Pressures in a Heterogeneous Forest-Reclaimed Lignitic Mine Soil T2 - Vadose Zone Journal Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2007.0049 SN - 1539-1663 VL - 6 IS - 4 SP - 849 EP - 854 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. A1 - Fischer, Thomas T1 - Carbon sequestration and landscape ecology in Western Europe – editorial T2 - Ecological Engineering Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2006.10.001 SN - 0925-8574 VL - 29 IS - 4 SP - 317 EP - 318 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. A1 - Gerwin, Werner T1 - Forest rehabilitation after disturbance : introduction T2 - Ecological Engineering Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2007.05.002 SN - 0925-8574 VL - 31 IS - 1 SP - 145 EP - 146 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stock, Oliver A1 - Lesturgez, Gregory A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Mechanical properties of metastable glacial till before and after water-induced compaction T2 - Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200625012 SN - 1522-2624 VL - 170 IS - 4 SP - 560 EP - 566 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Leopold, Matthias A1 - Völkel, Jörg T1 - Character, Age, and ecological significance of pleistocene periglacial slope deposits in Germany T2 - Physical Geography Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2747/0272-3646.28.6.451 SN - 1930-0557 VL - 28 IS - 6 SP - 451 EP - 473 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Stock, Oliver A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - The interrelationship between the cultivation of crops and soil-strangth dynamics T2 - Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200625009 SN - 1522-2624 VL - 170 IS - 6 SP - 713 EP - 721 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Direct and indirect effects of soil pollution by lignite mining T2 - Water, Air & Soil Pollution: Focus Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11267-005-9028-8 SN - 1573-2940 VL - 6 IS - 3-4 SP - 353 EP - 364 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Plieninger, Tobias A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Perspective of bioenergy for agriculture and rural areas T2 - Outlook on Agriculture Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5367/000000006777641624 SN - 0030-7270 VL - 35 IS - 2 SP - 123 EP - 127 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Plieninger, Tobias A1 - Bens, Oliver T1 - How the emergence of biofuels challenges conservation T2 - Environmental Conservation Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1017/S0376892907004328 SN - 1469-4387 VL - 34 IS - 4 SP - 273 EP - 275 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Experiences with liming in European countries - results of long-term experiments T2 - Journal of Forest Science Y1 - 2006 VL - 52 IS - Special Issue SP - 35 EP - 44 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Plieninger, Tobias A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Introduction T2 - Outlook on Agriculture Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5367/000000006777641552 VL - 35 IS - 2 SP - 95 EP - 96 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Plieninger, Tobias T1 - Looking Beyond Corn and Petroleum T2 - Science Y1 - 2007 SN - 0036-8075 VL - Vol. 315 IS - 5816 SP - 1222 EP - 1223 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Biber, Peter A1 - Seifert, Stefan A1 - Zaplata, Markus Klemens A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Pretzsch, Hans A1 - Fischer, Anton T1 - Relationships between substrate, surface characteristics, and vegetation in an initial ecosystem T2 - Biogeosciences N2 - We investigated surface and vegetation dynamics in the artificial initial ecosystem “Chicken Creek” (Lusatia, Germany) in the years 2006–2011 across a wide spectrum of empirical data. We scrutinized three overarching hypotheses concerning (1) the relations between initial geomorphological and substrate characteristics with surface structure and terrain properties, (2) the effects of the latter on the occurrence of grouped plant species, and (3) vegetation density effects on terrain surface change. Our data comprise and conflate annual vegetation monitoring results, biennial terrestrial laser scans (starting in 2008), annual groundwater levels, and initially measured soil characteristics. The empirical evidence mostly confirms the hypotheses, revealing statistically significant relations for several goal variables: (1) the surface structure properties, local rill density, local relief energy and terrain surface height change; (2) the cover of different plant groups (annual, herbaceous, grass-like, woody, Fabaceae), and local vegetation height; and (3) terrain surface height change showed significant time-dependent relations with a variable that proxies local plant biomass. Additionally, period specific effects (like a calendar-year optimum effect for the occurrence of Fabaceae) were proven. Further and beyond the hypotheses, our findings on the spatiotemporal dynamics during the system’s early development grasp processes which generally mark the transition from a geo-hydro-system towards a bio-geo-hydro system (weakening geomorphology effects on substrate surface dynamics, while vegetation effects intensify with time), where pure geomorphology or substrate feedbacks are changing into vegetation–substrate feedback processes. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-8283-2013 VL - 10 SP - 8283 EP - 8303 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Chabbi, Abad A1 - Rumpel, C. A1 - Grootes, Pieter M. A1 - Gonzales-Perez, J. A. A1 - Delaune, R. D. A1 - Gonzales-Vila, F. A1 - Nixdorf, Brigitte A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Lignite degradation and mineralization in lignite-containing mine sediment as revealed by 14C activity measurements and molecular analysis T2 - Organic Geochemistry Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2006.02.002 SN - 0146-6380 VL - 37 IS - 8 SP - 957 EP - 976 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Chabbi, Abad A1 - Rumpel, Cornelia A1 - Grootes, Pieter M. A1 - Mariotti, André A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Isotopic tracers for the analysis of vegetation-derived organic matter in lignite-containing soils and sediments along a transect ranging from a forest soil to submerged lake sediment T2 - Organic Geochemistry Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2006.01.011 SN - 0146-6380 VL - 37 IS - 6 SP - 740 EP - 753 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Baumann, K. A1 - Rumpelt, A. A1 - Schneider, Bernd Uwe A1 - Marschner, P. A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Seedling biomass and element content of Pinus sylvestris and Pinus nigra grown in sandy substrates with lignite T2 - Geoderma Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.04.013 SN - 0016-7061 VL - 136 IS - 3-4 SP - 573 EP - 578 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Buczko, Uwe A1 - Sieber, Sonja A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Spatial variability of O layer thickness and humus forms under different pine beech-forest transformation stages in NE Germany T2 - Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200521734 SN - 1522-2624 VL - 169 IS - 1 SP - 5 EP - 15 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Buczko, Uwe A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Water infiltration and hydrophobicity in forest soils of a pine–beech transformation chronosequence T2 - Journal of Hydrology Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2006.05.023 VL - 331 IS - 3-4 SP - 383 EP - 395 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. A1 - Scullion, John T1 - Preface: EUROSOIL 2004 Symposium in Freiburg, Germany T2 - Water, Air & Soil Pollution: Focus Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11267-005-9020-3 SN - 1573-2940 VL - 6 IS - 3-4 SP - 233 EP - 234 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Buczko, Uwe A1 - Bens, Oliver T1 - Assessing soil hydrophobicity and its variability through the soil profile using two different methods T2 - Soil Science Society of America Journal Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2005.0183 SN - 1435-0661 VL - 70 IS - 3 SP - 718 EP - 727 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dilly, Oliver T1 - Ratios of microbial biomass estimates to evaluate microbial physiology in soil T2 - Biology and Fertility of Soils Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-005-0021-1 SN - 1432-0789 VL - 42 IS - 3 SP - 241 EP - 246 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zönnchen, Claudia A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Esperschütz, Jürgen T1 - Effect of litter addition on element leaching in young sandy soils T2 - Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science N2 - The knowledge about element leaching and biogeochemical cycles during initial stages of soil development is very limited. Therefore, we studied the effects of parent material characteristics and plant litter addition on element leaching from young sandy soils in a microcosm experiment. Our objective was to evaluate the function of young soils as a source and/or sink for nutrients during initial pedogenesis and to identify main processes which are involved in the initial development of biogeochemical cycles. The main research questions were: (1) How do differences in parent material characteristics affect nutrient leaching?; and (2) How is nutrient leaching of young soils influenced by litter addition of different plant functional groups (e.g., legume and grass species)? Combined treatments of two minimally weathered parent materials (pure sand and loamy sand) with plant litter of two plant species (Lotus corniculatus L. and Calamagrostis epigejos L.) were investigated in a soil column experiment. In addition, control columns with parent material or plant litter only were included. Carbonate weathering as a main source for calcium leaching was induced by the moderately acidic irrigation solution used in the experiment. It was 7.5 fold greater for the loamy sand parent material compared to the pure sand despite lower carbonate contents in the loamy sand. Leaching of K was very low for both parent materials but greater for the loamy sand parent material, likely due to transfer processes from fixed to exchangeable potassium forms in the clay minerals of the loamy sand. Plant litter addition generally increased leaching losses. Carbonate dissolution was intensified by both plant litter types, especially by L. corniculatus, very likely due to H+ released during nitrification of N released from plant litter and an increase in partial pressure of CO2 from microbial respiration. In contrast, K was largely retained in the soils, probably due to fixation by clay minerals and microbial immobilization. Only the pure sand treated with L. corniculatus litter leached K, resulting in 4–6 fold greater leaching losses compared to all other treatments. Nitrogen released from L. corniculatus litter was almost completely nitrified and was nearly doubled as compared to that from C. epigejos, resulting in greater N leaching. The results of our study allow identifying the general function and processes of vegetation patches in young ecosystems formed as a result of initial parent material characteristics and invading vegetation with respect to litter decomposition, soil solution composition, nutrient retention and leaching, and effects on the soil mineral phase. These patterns are not mere additive effects of parent materials plus plant litter, but reflect differences in biogeochemical process intensities and could result in an increasing heterogeneity of soil properties, nutrient availability, and element leaching fluxes with time. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.201300383 SN - 1522-2624 VL - 177 IS - 4 SP - 585 EP - 595 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Slazak, Anna A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Matos, Eduardo da Silva A1 - Nii-Annang, Seth A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Phosphorus pools in soil after land conversion from silvopasture to arable and grassland use T2 - Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science N2 - Differences in soil P among silvopasture, grassland, and arable lands have been well established. Nevertheless, most of the reports compare soil properties under long-term sites. Thus, there exists little information on the effect of the conversion of silvopasture to arable or grassland use on soil P pools. The objective of the study was to determine the impact of converting silvopasture system (SP) into arable cropping and grassland system on the distribution of P pools and potential P bioavailability. We compared the following systems: SP system, SP converted to arable cropland (SP-AL), SP converted to grassland (SP-GL), and for comparative purposes, a long-term arable cropland (AL). The P fractionation was performed by a sequential extraction scheme, using acid and alkaline extractants on samples collected from the 0–10 and 10–20 cm soil layers. It was assumed that the large variations in soil-P fractionations are caused by the different management practices associated with land conversion. The results of P fractionation showed a dominance of calcium-bound P, HCl-extractable Pi constituted up to 36% of the soil total P (TP). However, the type of land use did not affect this P fraction. On the other hand, the reduction in labile-Pi and NaOH-Pi fractions observed at the SP-AL site may have led to the decline in readily available P. The soil total organic P (TPo) content was 8% and 17% lower at SP-AL compared to SP and SP-GL site, respectively. Labile organic-P (labile-Po) content was markedly higher at SP site compared to arable soils, and was ≈ 10% of TPo. The NaOH-Po constituted the highest fraction of the organic-P pool (55%–79% of TPo) across all the study systems, and was positively correlated with TPo (p < 0.01). The study indicates that conversion of SP system in temperate regions to arable cropping with conventional tillage seems to result in the reduction of P availability compared to SP, indicating SP as an important land-use practice. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.201200334 SN - 1522-2624 VL - 177 IS - 2 SP - 159 EP - 167 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dilly, Oliver A1 - Repmann, Frank A1 - Franke, Gabriele A1 - Grünewald, Holger A1 - Schneider, Bernd Uwe A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Microbial Characteristics of Young Soils on Disposal Sites of Coal Combustion Waste in Bosnia and Herzegovina T2 - Geomicrobiology Journal N2 - Microbial communities are essential for a range of soil functions and adjust to soil development, environmental conditions and pollution level by community structure, abundance and activity. At desolated landfills of coal combustion waste (CCW) that were un-covered and covered with shallow soil material layers, soil microbial indicators were estimated for both the ecological and eco-toxicological evaluation. The young CCW sites with pH values of 9.5 and substantial coal-derived organic carbon showed significant microbial biomass content and nitrogen mineralization rates. At the 0 to 15 year old landfills, the microbial biomass content and activities increased significantly with age. However, large spatial variations occurred due to the variation of the cover material thickness, the degree of ash-aging and the tillage practices. Carbon dioxide was even sequestered at young CCW sites as indicated during laboratory incubation with an open apparatus purging continuously ambient air. In accordance, the respiratory quotient went down to 0.03 mol CO2 evolution rate per mol O2 uptake rate, indicating that the CO2 evolution rate is limited as an overall quality indicator. Within 15 years, these ‘Technosols’ showed pH values of 7.7 and decalcified while changes in microbial biomass content and activity rates were mainly related to N availability. We concluded that the available As, B, Cr and Ni pollution at CCW sites seemed largely immobilised by organic matter and alkalinity and therefore did not to inhibit the microbial colonisation and development of high microbial activity within 15 years. However, the ash disposals pose a contamination risk by wind erosion and a future risk to human or environmental health when toxic metals will be released in soil at low pH values, low organic matter and low antagonistic ion contents. Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/01490451.2010.512032 SN - 1521-0529 VL - 28 IS - 7 SP - 574 EP - 581 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Sut-Lohmann, Magdalena A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Repmann, Frank A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Long-Term Release of Iron-Cyanide Complexes from the Soil of a Manufactured Gas Plant Site T2 - Journal of Environmental Protection N2 - Iron-cyanide (Fe-CN) complexes have been detected at Manufactured Gas Plant sites (MGP) worldwide. The risk of groundwater contamination depends mainly on the dissolution of ferric ferrocyanide. In order to design effective reme- diation strategies, it is relevant to understand the contaminant’s fate and transport in soil, and to quantify and mathe- matically model a release rate. The release of iron-cyanide complexes from four contaminated soils, originating from the former MGP in Cottbus, has been studied by using a column experiment. Results indicated that long-term cyanide (CN) release is governed by two phases: one readily dissolved and one strongly fixed. Different isotherm and kinetic equations were used to investigate the driving mechanisms for the ferric ferrocyanide release. Applying the isotherm equations assumed an approach by which two phases were separate in time, whereas the multiple first order equation considered simultaneous occurrence of both cyanide pools. Results indicated varying CN release rates according to the phase and soil. According to isotherm and kinetic models, the long-term iron cyanide release from the MGP soils is a complex phenomenon driven by various mechanisms parallely involving desorption, diffusion and transport processes. Phase I (rapid release) is presumably mainly constrained by the transport process of readily dissolved iron-cyanide complexes combined with desorption of CN bound to reactive heterogeneous surfaces that are in direct contact with the aqueous phase (outer-sphere complexation). Phase II (limited rate) is presumably driven by the diffusion controlled processes involving dissolution of precipitated ferric ferrocyanide from the mineral or inner-sphere complexation of fer- ricyanides. CN release rates in phase I and II were mainly influenced by the pH, organic matter (OM) and the total CN content. The cyanide release rates increased with increasing pH, decreased with low initial CN concentration and were retarded by the increase in OM content. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4236/jep.2013.411A2002 SN - 2152-2219 VL - 4 IS - 11B SP - 8 EP - 19 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dümig, Alexander A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Hagedorn, Frank A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Lange, Philipp A1 - Spröte, Roland A1 - Kögel-Knabner, Ingrid T1 - Organic matter from biological soil crusts induces the initial formation of sandy temperate soils T2 - Catena N2 - Different development stages of algae-dominated and moss-dominated biological soil crusts (BSCs) were sampled on a natural sand dune (b17 years old) and on an experimental sand dune (b8 years old) along a catena, including gradients of vegetation cover, location on the slope, as well as composition and thickness of BSC organisms in northeastern Germany. The accumulation of BSC-derived organic carbon (OC)was determined for bulk materials and fractions less than 63 μm. The OC composition was characterized by solid-state 13C NMR spectroscopy and the carbohydrate-C signature. 14C contents were determined to assess the origin and dynamics of OC. From the radiocarbon contents, two OC pools were differentiated: recent BSC-derived and lignite-derived “old” OC. Downward movement of OC into the underlying substratewas found only undermoss-dominated BSCs at the old sand dune. BSC-derived OC was mainly composed of carbohydrate-C and, to a lesser extent, alkyl C and N-alkyl C, with considerably higher contributions of alkyl C in the young dune, indicating differences in the composition of extracellular polymeric substances produced by the BSCs with age. This is consistent with higher proportions of water-soluble OC of moss-dominated BSCs at the old dune, which is leached in the underlying substrate and initiates soil formation. Because of the channeling effect of mosses, OC depth translocation along with suspended colloidal substances contribute to OC accumulation in substrates. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2014.06.011 VL - 122 SP - 196 EP - 208 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Herbrich, Marcus A1 - Zönnchen, Claudia A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang T1 - Short-term effects of plant litter addition on mineral surface characteristics of young sandy soils T2 - Geoderma N2 - Initial stages of soil development are characterized by structural changes of mineral surfaces over time. The specific surface area (SSA) is closely related to pedogenic properties and soil organic matter (SOM). Interactions between SOM and mineral surfaces induce quantitative and qualitative changes in SSA and corresponding soil properties. However, the knowledge about ranges, effects and mechanisms of organic coverage in the very initial phase of pedogenesis is very limited. Therefore, our objective was to study these processes in young sandy soils and the effects of plant litter addition. Soil samples taken from the constructed catchment “Chicken Creek” were used in a microcosm experiment over 80 weeks. The silt and clay fractions of samples (b63 μm) were analyzed before the experiment and after 40 and 80 weeks. The effects of litter addition and weathering on SSA were assessed using the BET-N2 sorption approach. We found increases of SSA between 16.4% and 41.6% within the 80 week experimental period, but a relative reduction in S. A due to organic coverage of these new surfaces after plant litter addition. The removal of the soil organic matter (SOM) by muffling increased SSA (6.8–12.9%). The results for SSA corresponded to changes in surface specific parameters like cation exchange capacity (CEC), surface enthalpy and the fractional coverage of mineral surfaces by SOM. In conclusion, the results showed that the soilswere clearly in a very initial state of soil development. However, the potential of these young sandy soils to adsorb nutrients and soil organic matter as one of the main important soil functions clearly increased within the relatively short experimental period and changes in SSA indicate relatively large increases in mineral surfaces within short time periods during the initial phase of soil development compared to long-term pedogenesis. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2014.10.017 SN - 0016-7061 VL - 239-240 SP - 206 EP - 212 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Böhm, Christian A1 - Kanzler, Michael A1 - Freese, Dirk T1 - Wind speed reduction as influenced by woody hedgerows grown for biomass in short rotation alley cropping systems in Germany T2 - Agroforestry Systems N2 - The cultivation of fast growing trees on agricultural sites is an area undergoing a growth in interest due to the rising demand for woody biomass as a source of bioenergy. Short rotation alley cropping systems (SRACS) represent a promising possibility to combine annual crops for food, fodder or bioenergy with woody plants for biomass production, doing so through an integration of hedgerows of fast growing trees into conventional agricultural sites. Against such developments, the question has arisen as to what extent hedgerows in SRACS can act as an effective windbreak despite their management-related low height of only a few meters. On the basis of multiannual recorded wind velocity data in high resolution at two sites in Germany, it could be shown that the wind speed on crop alleys was reduced significantly by such hedgerows. At the central point of 24 m wide crop alleys, the wind speed decreased on an annual average basis by more than 50 % when compared to the wind speeds of open field. The overall amount of reduction was strongly dependent on the location within the crop alleys, the height of trees, the distance between two hedgerows, and their orientation. In reflection upon these results, it was concluded that the establishment of SRACS could lead to enhanced soil protection against wind erosion and thus to ecological and economic benefits for agricultural sites. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-014-9700-y SN - 1572-9680 VL - 88 IS - 4 SP - 579 EP - 591 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rodionov, Andrei A1 - Nii-Annang, Seth A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Gattinger, Andreas A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Cross-linked polyacrylates in post-mining substrates: persistence and effects on plant growth T2 - Soil Use and Management N2 - Application of hydrophilic polymers composed of cross-linked polyacrylate can improve soil water-holding capacity and accelerate the restoration of post-mining substrates. In this work, we studied the persistence of a polyacrylate polymer incorporated into a soil and its impact on plant nutrients at a reclamation site of former lignite mining in Lusatia (Germany). In contrast to autumn application, the incorporation of the polymer enhanced the sequestration of plant-derived carbon in the soil, which was reflected by a significant increase in the concentration of a lignin marker. Attenuated total reflexion–Fourier transform infrared spectra (ATR-FTIR) and total elemental contents in the applied polymer suggested an intensive cation exchange between the polymer framework and the soil-forming substrate. In addition, there was an enrichment of carbonaceous material, which seems to reduce the swelling and thus the water-holding capacity of the cross-linked polyacrylate. Conversely, this process protected the polymer structure from rapid decomposition. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/sum.12103 SN - 1475-2743 VL - 30 IS - 1 SP - 78 EP - 87 ER -