TY - CHAP A1 - Wöllecke, Jens A1 - Böllmann, Jörg A1 - Gebhardt, Sascha A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. ED - Bröring, Udo ED - Wanner, Manfred T1 - Primärsukzession von Ektomykorrhizapilzen in Roteichenforsten der Bergbaufolgelandschaft T2 - Entwicklung der Biodiversität in der Bergbaufolgelandschaft im Gefüge von Ökologie und Sozioökonomie Y1 - 2007 SP - 131 EP - 137 PB - BTU Cottbus CY - Cottbus ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Wecker, Birgit A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. ED - Petschel, Tim T1 - Veränderungen der Oberbodeneigenschaften von Waldböden im nordostdeutschen Tiefland druch langjährige atmogene Stoffakkumulation T2 - Landschaft im Wandel - Ökologie im Wandel Y1 - 2002 SN - 3-89533-379-4 PB - Verl. Die Werkstatt CY - Göttingen ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Changes in atmospheric chemistry and effects on forest ecosystems - the east German case study Y1 - 1997 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Zaplata, Markus K. A1 - Kollmann, Johannes A1 - Ulrich, Werner A1 - Winter, Susanne A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Elmer, Michael A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Fischer, Anton ED - Jeltsch, Florian ED - Joshi, Jasmin T1 - Cover balance or degree of autocorrelation? It is the same and integratively traces pattern formation during succession T2 - GfÖ 43rd Annual Meeting, Building bridges in ecology, linking systems, scales and disciplines, September 9 to 13, 2013, Potsdam, Germany N2 - It is widely acknowledged that increasing complexity is a key attribute of ecosystem genesis. This is particularly true for primary succession on homogeneous substrates. However, a mechanistic understanding of spatial colonisation and pattern formation during primary succession has not been achieved yet. Thus, we studied this topic for 7 years within an experimental catchment (6 ha) established in the post-mining landscape of eastern Germany. Equidistant permanent plots (120 plots à 25m²) allowed for autocorrelation analyses, and thus tracing the spatial development of species cover performance. For each species tested, the “cover balance” first increased due to colonization, while decreasing in the course of succession. Drawing a benefit from these temporal trends, we suggested cover balance levels revealed by autocorrelation analyses to best indicate well-defined phases in primary succession at spatial entities. Hence, with the help of this spatial approach, terrestrial succession can be understood now much better at the most general level of the hierarchy provided by Pickett et al. (1987). In accordance with these authors, at subordinated levels of the causal hierarchy differential species performance might get collectively explained by contributing processes or conditions, such as ecophysiological traits, life history strategies, competition and allelopathy of the occurring plant species. Further research is needed to understand their relative contributions to the pattern formation. Y1 - 2013 UR - http://www.gfoe-2013.de/download/130905_GFOe_2013_Abstracts.small.pdf SP - 228 EP - 229 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Murach, Dieter A1 - Kindermann, Claudia A1 - Hirschl, Bernd A1 - Aretz, Astrid A1 - Schneider, Bernd Uwe A1 - Grünewald, Holger A1 - Schultze, Bernd A1 - Quinkenstein, Ansgar A1 - Bilke, Gernod A1 - Muchin, Alexander A1 - Eberts, Jörg A1 - Grundmann, Philipp A1 - Jochheim, Hubert A1 - Scherzer, Jörg A1 - Hagemann, Heiko T1 - Zukunftsrohstoff Dendromasse - Hintergrund und erste Ergebnisse des Verbundforschungsprojekts DENDROM T2 - Forstarchiv Y1 - 2007 SN - 0300-4112 IS - 78 SP - 88 EP - 94 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dümig, Alexander A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Hagedorn, Frank A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Lange, Philipp A1 - Spröte, Roland A1 - Kögel-Knabner, Ingrid T1 - Biological soil crusts on initial soils: organic carbon dynamics and chemistry under temperate climatic conditions T2 - Biogeosciences Discussion Y1 - 2012 SN - 1810-6285 VL - 10 IS - 1 SP - 851 EP - 894 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Spröte, Roland A1 - Forman, Steven L. A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Holocene Dune Formation and Human-Induced Aeolian Remobilisation in South Brandenburg, Germany T2 - AGU 2008 Fall Meeting, Suppl. N2 - In the Mid Latitudes form and function of the earth surface are mainly affected by Pleistocene periglacial processes such as solifluction, cryoturbation and aeolian deposition. On the other hand, human impact on landscapes in Central Europe may date back to the earliest farmers from the Neolithic Period (c. 5500 a cal BC). At least since the Middle Ages intense land-use produced wide deforested areas. In the sand-rich North German Lowland these human-induced deforestation often resulted in the remobilisation of Late Pleistocene to Early Holocene sand dunes. Especially in the vicinity of former mining sites or glassworks the dune landscapes possess quite young stratigraphic disturbances (fossilized horizons, weak developed top soils). Within the scope of the Transregional Collaborative Research Centre (SFB/TRR) 38, funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), inland dunes in South Brandenburg were used as comparison sites to study structures and processes of the initial ecosystem development phase in an artificial water catchment. Here, we present first results of the pedostratigraphy and the age of two dune systems near Glashuette which is about 50 km south of Berlin. Based on twelve Optical Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) and six radiocarbon (14C) datings a chronology of the landscape development for the last c. 10000 years is derived. Data prove that both dune systems - even though they are just c. 1 km apart and have similar morphological features such as height, width, and orientation - have a completely different history in aeolian sand deposition and pedogenesis. At dune 'Glashuette 1' a well established podsol forms the topsoil. At dune 'Glashuette 2' soil development is clearly in a more initial state showing only some humus accumulation and weaker podsolization processes. OSL and 14C ages of sand from 'Glashuette 1' range between about 11.4 ka cal. BC (3.9 m below surface) and 9.4 ka cal. BC (0.7 m below surface). Against that, the sands in 'Glashuette 2' are mainly dated to about 0.8 ka cal BC (3.4 to 0.7 m below surface). On the basis of our findings further analyses can be planned more accurately to study the impact of initial processes on the later state of ecosystems characteristics. Y1 - 2008 SP - H51D-0842 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Spröte, Roland A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Wiehe, Wolfgang A1 - Lange, Philipp A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Biological topsoil crusts at early successional stages on Quaternary substrates dumped by mining in Brandenburg, NE Germany T2 - Geomorphologie: relief, processus, environnement N2 - The influence of biological soil crusts in natural ecosystems on structures and processes is well investigated. However, in South-Brandenburg (Germany), it is possible to study the development of biological soil crusts (BSC) during initial ecosystem genesis on two artificial water catchments with well-known ages and under differing starting conditions. The two experimental sites are located in the recultivation area of the lignite open-cast mining district of southern Brandenburg with a distance of approximately 1 km between them. Two different topographies were constructed at the experimental sites: the experimental plot at the catchment Neuer Lugteich was shaped like a dune, whereas the artificial water catchment Hühnerwasser was modelled as an inclined slope. The catchment Neuer Lugteich is four years older than Hühnerwasser. The original substrate at Neuer Lugteich is more sandy and carbonate-free compared to the original substrate dumped at Hühnerwasser. At both sites geomorphological differentiation and crust development were compared and the importance of substrate-dependent water availability and crust type clarified. Once settled, the crusts influenced the water regime of the soils by delaying infiltration through enhanced water repellency, and by limiting water infiltration. Chlorophyll analysis revealed that all crusts were at early stages of development. At Neuer Lugteich, the establishment of the biological soil crusts was closely associated with the vegetation succession, whereas no clear succession of the crusts could be observed at Hühnerwasser. The mosaic-like pattern of the biological soils crusts is associated with the distribution of fine-grained material here.zeige weniger Y1 - 2010 UR - http://geomorphologie.revues.org/8083 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4000/geomorphologie.8083 SN - 1957-777X VL - 16 IS - 4 SP - 359 EP - 370 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dümig, Alexander A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Hagedorn, Frank A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Lange, Philipp A1 - Spröte, Roland A1 - Kögel-Knabner, Ingrid T1 - Organic matter from biological soil crusts induces the initial formation of sandy temperate soils T2 - Catena N2 - Different development stages of algae-dominated and moss-dominated biological soil crusts (BSCs) were sampled on a natural sand dune (b17 years old) and on an experimental sand dune (b8 years old) along a catena, including gradients of vegetation cover, location on the slope, as well as composition and thickness of BSC organisms in northeastern Germany. The accumulation of BSC-derived organic carbon (OC)was determined for bulk materials and fractions less than 63 μm. The OC composition was characterized by solid-state 13C NMR spectroscopy and the carbohydrate-C signature. 14C contents were determined to assess the origin and dynamics of OC. From the radiocarbon contents, two OC pools were differentiated: recent BSC-derived and lignite-derived “old” OC. Downward movement of OC into the underlying substratewas found only undermoss-dominated BSCs at the old sand dune. BSC-derived OC was mainly composed of carbohydrate-C and, to a lesser extent, alkyl C and N-alkyl C, with considerably higher contributions of alkyl C in the young dune, indicating differences in the composition of extracellular polymeric substances produced by the BSCs with age. This is consistent with higher proportions of water-soluble OC of moss-dominated BSCs at the old dune, which is leached in the underlying substrate and initiates soil formation. Because of the channeling effect of mosses, OC depth translocation along with suspended colloidal substances contribute to OC accumulation in substrates. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2014.06.011 VL - 122 SP - 196 EP - 208 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Spröte, Roland A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Lange, Philipp A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Hydrophobicity in sandy soils triggered by the development of Scots Pine stands in southern Brandenburg, Germany T2 - EGU General Assembly 2010, held in Vienna, Austria, 02 – 07 May 2010 Y1 - 2010 UR - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2010/EGU2010-4154.pdf N1 - EGU2010-4154 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Spröte, Roland A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Yair, Aaron A1 - Wiehe, Wolfgang A1 - Lange, Philipp A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Structures and processes of biological soil crusts during initial ecosystem genesis of an artificial watershed in Lusatia, NE Germany T2 - EGU General Assembly 2010, held Vienna, Austria, 02 – 07 May 2010 Y1 - 2010 N1 - EGU2010-4129 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Spröte, Roland A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Development of biological soil crusts and their influence on soil hydrology in the recultivation area of lignite open-cast mining district in Lower Lusatia (Germany) T2 - EGU General Assembly 2012, held 22-27 April, 2012 in Vienna Y1 - 2012 N1 - EGU2012-6372 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Kögel-Knabner, Ingrid A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Dümig, Alexander A1 - Spröte, Roland ED - Hüttl, Reinhard F. ED - Kögel-Knabner, Ingrid ED - Schulin, Rainer ED - Gerwin, Werner T1 - Project A3 – Initial stages of humus development T2 - Structures and processes of the initial ecosystem development phase in an artificial water catchment (Final report CRC/TR 38) Y1 - 2013 SP - 25 EP - 35 PB - BTU Forschungszentrum Landschaftsentwicklung und Bergbaulandschaften (FZLB) CY - Cottbus ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Wecker, Birgit A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Einfluss kohliger Substanz auf den Stoffaustrag gestörter Standorte Y1 - 2003 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Neumann, C. A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Actual cation exchange capacity in lignite containing pyritic mine spoils. Y1 - 2001 ER - TY - THES A1 - Spröte, Roland T1 - Entwicklung von Benetzungshemmung auf sandigen Substraten unter dem Einfluss biologischer Bodenkru sten und höherer Vegetationsentwicklung N2 - Mit dieser Arbeit wurde der Einfluss von biologischen Bodenkrusten auf die Benetzungshemmung / Hydrophobizität auf sandigen, anthropogen geschütteten, rekultivierten Böden der Tagebaufolgelandschaft und auf sandigen, sich mehr oder weniger natürlich entwickelnden Böden in Flugsandarealen und Dünengebieten Südbrandenburgs untersucht. Gezeigt wurde, dass sich in der Bergbaufolgelandschaft auf dem sandigen anthropogen geschütteten Substrat andere Krustenarten auf der Substratoberfläche ansiedeln als auf der Substratoberfläche von Flugsandgebieten und Dünen. Der Effekt der Benetzungshemmung ist bei den Krustenarten der rekultivierten Bergbauflächen stärker ausgeprägt als bei den natürlichen Flugsandgebieten und Dünen, wo die Benetzungshemmung im Krustentstadium mit Einfluss von Moosen wieder zurückgeht. Gerade Flechten haben in Bergbaufolgelandschaften negativen Einfluss auf die Infiltration von Niederschlag. Auch die Bindungskräfte zwischen den Partikeln spielen bei der Betrachtung des Einflusses der Benetzungshemmung / Hydrophobizität eine Rolle, denn es zeigt sich bei Betrachtung der Korngrößenverteilung, dass das Substrat in den Rekultivierungsgebieten der Bergbaufolgelandschaft unsortiert ist und hohe Anteile an Feinmaterial (Schluff und Ton) aufweisen kann. Auf den Flugsandgebieten findet eine natürliche Sortierung der Partikel durch Wind und Wasser statt, wobei das Substrat meist locker lagernd vorkommt und lediglich im Lee von höheren Pflanzen zur Ruhe kommen kann. Dort übernehmen dann biologische Bodenkrusten und andere Mikroorganismen die Bindung und Festigung der Partikel z. B. durch extrazelluläre polymere Substanzen. Es wurde deutlich, dass die Akkumulation organischer Substanz bei Bewuchs mit Laubgehölzen in größerem Maße stattfindet als bei Bewuchs mit Nadelgehölzen. Jedoch weisen die Chlorophyll a-Gehalte auf mehr Biomasse durch biologische Bodenkrusten bei den Nadelgehölzen hin. Insgesamt ist festzuhalten, dass jeder untersuchte Standort separat für sich betrachtet werden muss und nicht von einer Chronosequenz im Sinne einer eindeutig zeitlichen Abfolge bei Betrachtung der Alter der Standorte ausgegangen werden kann. Lediglich die Standorte in der Bergbaufolgelandschaftfür sich sowie die Standorte in den relativ natürlich entwickelten Flugsand- und Dünengebieten können gemeinsam betrachtet werden. Wie gezeigt wurde, beeinflussen biologische Bodenkrusten gerade schon in der Initialphase der Bodenbildung den Wasserhaushalt durch Porenverschluss, durch hydrophob wirkende Exsudate, aber auch durch Rhizoide der Moose, insbesondere im brandenburgischen Übergangsklima vom maritimen zum kontinentalen Klima. Durch die Regulierung des Wasserhaushalts des Bodens durch die biologischen Bodenkrusten wird die Bodenentwicklung in bestimmte Richtungen gelenkt. Hierfür sind allerdings Langzeitbeobachtungen und eine möglichst gewissenhafte Auswahl an Chronosequenzen notwendig. Y1 - 2013 PB - BTU, LS Bodenschutz und Rekultivierung CY - Cottbus ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Spröte, Roland A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Wiehe, Wolfgang A1 - Lange, Philipp A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Functions of biological soil crusts on central European inland dunes:Water repellency and pore clogging influence water infiltration T2 - EGU General Assembly 2010, held in Vienna, Austria, 02 – 07 May 2010 Y1 - 2010 UR - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2010/EGU2010-4449.pdf N1 - EGU2010-4449 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Spröte, Roland A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Soil water repellency as a phenomenon of initial soil formation – approaches and first results from the Transregional Collaborative Reserch Centre (SFB/TRR) 38 T2 - EGU General Assembly 2009, held in Vienna, Austria, 19 – 24 April 2009 Y1 - 2009 UR - http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2009EGUGA..11.9008S N1 - EGU2009-9008 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Spröte, Roland A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Wiehe, Wolfgang A1 - Lange, Philipp A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Development of top soil on quaternary inland dunes - How important are microorganisms? T2 - Gletscher, Wasser, Mensch – quartärer Landschaftswandel im peribaltischen Raum, 35. Hauptversammlung der DEUQUA e.V., 12th Annual Conference of the INQUA PeriBaltic Working Group, 13.-17.9.2010., Greifswald Y1 - 2010 SP - 163 EP - 164 PB - Lehrstuhl Physische Geographie, Inst. für Geographie und Geologie der Univ. Greifswald CY - Greifswald ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Spröte, Roland A1 - Forman, Steven L. A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Buried soils and dune sediments as archives of human-induced aeolian activity in the vicinity of historic glassworks, South Brandenburg, Germany T2 - EGU General Assembly 2009, Vienna, Austria, 19 – 24 April 2009 Y1 - 2009 N1 - EGU2009-4965-1 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Spröte, Roland A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Lange, Philipp A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Wie beeinflussen Kiefern (Pinus sylvestris L.) die Entwicklung der Benetzungshemmung auf Sandböden? T2 - Böden verstehen - Böden nutzen - Böden fit machen, Jahrestagung der Deutschen Bodenkundlichen Gesellschaft, 3. - 9. September 2011 Y1 - 2011 UR - http://eprints.dbges.de/768/ ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Spröte, Roland A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Lange, Philipp A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Development of biologicalsoil crusts in initial ecosystems in Lusatia, Germany T2 - DBG Jahrestagung 2009 Bonn "Böden - eine endliche Ressource", 05.-13.09.2009, Bonn Y1 - 2009 UR - http://eprints.dbges.de/178/ ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bärwolff, Manuela A1 - Böhm, Christian A1 - Schmidt, C. A1 - Schwarz, K.- U. A1 - Vetter, A. T1 - Combining short rotation coppice with annual crops - modern agroforestry systems for sustainable land use T2 - Proceedings of the 19th European Biomass Conference and Exhibition: From Research to Industry and Markets, 6-9 Juni 2011 in Berlin, Deutschland Y1 - 2011 SN - 978-88-89407-55-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5071/19thEUBCE2011-OB1.5 SP - 55 EP - 60 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Leopold, Matthias A1 - Dethier, David A1 - Völkel, Jörg A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Combining sediment analysis and seismic refraction to describe the structure, thickness and distribution of periglacial slope deposits at Niwot Ridge, Rocky Mountains Front Range, Colorado, USA T2 - Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1127/0372-8854/2008/0052S2-0077 VL - 52 IS - 2 SP - 77 EP - 94 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Kögel-Knabner, Ingrid A1 - Zeyer, Josef A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - The artificial catchment 'Chicken Creek': A research site to study the development of biogeochemical cycles in initial ecosystems T2 - EGU General Assembly 2009, Vienna, Austria, 19 – 24 April 2009 Y1 - 2009 N1 - EGU2009-4344 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Wöllecke, Jens A1 - Elmer, Michael A1 - Anders, Kenneth A1 - Durka, Walter A1 - Wanner, Manfred ED - Wöllecke, Jens ED - Anders, Kenneth ED - Durka, Walter ED - Elmer, Michael ED - Wanner, Manfred ED - Wiegleb, Gerhard T1 - Landschaft im Wandel - natürliche und anthropogene Besiedlung der Niederlausitzer Bergbaufolgelandschaft - eine Einführung T2 - Landschaft im Wandel - natürliche und anthropogene Besiedlung der Niederlausitzer Bergbaufolgelandschaft Y1 - 2007 SN - 978-3-8322-6336-2 SP - 1 EP - 4 PB - Shaker CY - Aachen ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Wöllecke, Jens A1 - Steiner, A. A1 - Münzenberger, Babette A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. ED - Merbach, Wolfgang T1 - Die Beziehung zwischen Nährelementkonzentration der Feinstwurzeln und dem Vorkommen der Ektomykorrhizen T2 - Durchwurzelung, Rhizodeposition und Pflanzenverfügbarkeit von Nährstoffen und Schwermetallen, 12. Borkheider Seminar zur Ökophysiologie des Wurzelraumes Y1 - 2002 SN - 3-519-00377-5 SP - 36 EP - 42 PB - Teubner CY - Stuttgart [u.a.] ET - 1. Auflage ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dilly, Oliver A1 - Franke, G. A1 - Nii-Annang, Seth A1 - Weber, K. A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Zyakun, Anatoly A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Soil respiratory indicators including carbon isotope characteristics in response to copper T2 - Geomicrobiology Journal Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1080/01490450802402992 SN - 1521-0529 VL - 25 IS - 7-8 SP - 390 EP - 395 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schildbach, Marek A1 - Grünewald, Holger A1 - Wolf, Heino A1 - Schneider, Bernd Uwe ED - Reeg, Tatjana ED - Bemmann, Albrecht ED - Konold, Werner ED - Murach, Dieter ED - Spiecker, Heinrich T1 - Begründung von Kurzumtriebsplantagen: Baumartenwahl und Anlageverfahren T2 - Anbau und Nutzung von Bäumen auf landwirtschaftlichen Flächen Y1 - 2009 SN - 978-3-527-32417-0 SP - 57 EP - 72 PB - Wiley-VCH CY - Weinheim ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ulrich, Werner A1 - Zaplata, Markus K. A1 - Winter, Susanne A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Fischer, Anton A1 - Soliveres, Santiago A1 - Gotelli, Nicholas J. T1 - Species interactions and random dispersal rather than habitat filtering drive community assembly during early plant succession T2 - Oikos N2 - Theory on plant succession predicts a temporal increase in the complexity of spatial community structure and of competitive interactions: initially random occurrences of early colonising species shift towards spatially and competitively structured plant associations in later successional stages. Here we use long-term data on early plant succession in a German post mining area to disentangle the importance of random colonisation, habitat filtering, and competition on the temporal and spatial development of plant community structure. We used species co-occurrence analysis and a recently developed method for assessing competitive strength and hierarchies (transitive versus intransitive competitive orders) in multispecies communities. We found that species turnover decreased through time within interaction neighbourhoods, but increased through time outside interaction neighbourhoods. Successional change did not lead to modular community structure. After accounting for species richness effects, the strength of competitive interactions and the proportion of transitive competitive hierarchies increased through time. Although effects of habitat filtering were weak, random colonization and subsequent competitive interactions had strong effects on community structure. Because competitive strength and transitivity were poorly correlated with soil characteristics, there was little evidence for context dependent competitive strength associated with intransitive competitive hierarchies. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/oik.02658 VL - 125 IS - 5 SP - 698 EP - 707 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Böhm, Christian A1 - Quinkenstein, Ansgar A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Energieholzproduktion in Agroforstsystemen als ein Beitrag zur Verbesserung des Bodenschutzes T2 - Bodenschutz in Europa, Ziele und Umsetzung, 6. Marktredwitzer Bodenschutztage, 06. - 08. Oktober 2010 Marktredwitz, Bayern Y1 - 2010 SP - 78 EP - 84 CY - Marktredwitz ER - TY - GEN A1 - Böhm, Christian A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Energieholzproduktion in Agroforstsystemen - das Projekt AgroForstEnergie T2 - CEBra Newsletter Y1 - 2010 IS - 6 SP - 1 EP - 2 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Hinz, Christoph A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Monitoring of Ecosystem Development at the Constructed Catchment Chicken Creek T2 - TERENO International Conference 2014, From Observation to Prediction in Terrestrial Systems, 29 September to 2 October 2014, Book of Abstracts N2 - The constructed catchment Chicken Creek was established in 2005 as an experimental landscape laboratory for ecosystem research. The 6 ha area with clearly defined horizontal as well as vertical boundary conditions was left for an unrestricted primary succession. The developing ecosystem offers the opportunity to study most processes occurring at the interface of bio-, pedo-, geo- and hydrosphere. Particularly interactions and feedbacks between different evolving compartments as well as the establishment of ecosystem functions and services can be investigated during the ongoing ecosystem development. The catchment is extensively instrumented since 2005 in order to detect transition stages of the ecosystem. Comprehensive data recorded with a high spatial and temporal resolution include hydrological, geomorphological, pedological, limnological as well as biological parameters. This site offers the unique situation of an early stage ecosystem with highly dynamic system properties. The first years of development were characterized by a fast formation of geomorphological structures due to massive erosion processes at the initially non-vegetated surface. Hydrological processes led to the establishment of a local groundwater body within 5 years. In the following years the influence of biological structures like vegetation patterns gained an increasing importance. Feedbacks between developing vegetation and e.g. hydrological features became more and more dominant. As a result, different phases of ecosystem development could be distinguished until now. This observatory offers manifold possibilities to identify and disentangle complex interactions between ecosystem compartments in situ under natural conditions. The originally low complexity of the system is growing with time facilitating the identification of influences of newly developing structures on ecosystem functions. Thus, it is possible to study effects of small-scale processes on the whole system at the landscape scale. In addition, the highly dynamic initial system properties allow the observation of multifaceted changes of ecosystem properties and functions within short periods of time. Y1 - 2014 UR - http://www.tereno-conference2014.de/tereno-conference/EN/download_book_of_abstracts/_node.html SP - P2-12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Zaplata, Markus K. A1 - Hinz, Christoph T1 - A Critical Zone Observatory for detecting ecosystem transition: the constructed catchment Chicken Creek (Germany) T2 - Procedia Earth and Planetary Science N2 - The constructed catchment Chicken Creek was established in 2005 as an experimental landscape laboratory for ecosystem research. The 6 ha area with clearly defined horizontal as well as vertical boundary conditions was left for natural primary succession. All Critical Zone elements are represented at this site, which allows the study of most processes occurring at the interface of bio-, pedo-, geo- and hydrosphere. It provides outstanding opportunities for investigating interactions and feedbacks between different co-evolving compartments. The catchment has been extensively instrumented since 2005. Data are recorded with a high spatial and temporal resolution and include hydrological, geomorphological, pedological, limnological as well as biological parameters in order to detect transition states of the ecosystem. In contrast to other Critical Zone Observatories, this site offers the unique situation of an early stage ecosystem with highly dynamic properties. The first years of development were characterized by a fast formation of geomorphological structures due to massive erosion of the initially non-vegetated surface. Hydrological processes led to the establishment of a local groundwater body within 5 years. In the following years the influence of biological structures like vegetation patterns gained increasing importance. Feedbacks between developing vegetation and e.g. hydrological features became more and more apparent. As a result, different phases of ecosystem development have been distinguished. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeps.2014.08.009 VL - 10 SP - 46 EP - 51 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Elmer, Michael A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Hinz, Christoph T1 - The constructed catchment ’Chicken Creek’ – a landscape observatory to analyze processes and feedback mechanisms during initial ecosystem development T2 - European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April – 02 May 2014 N2 - We investigated the initial development of the landscape observatory ’Chicken Creek’, Germany, an artificial catchment with well known boundary conditions and inner structures (Gerwin et al., 2011). Over a period of nine years, we observed considerable changes within the site (Elmer et al., 2013). Both internal and external factors could be identified as driving forces for the formation of structures and patterns in the catchment. Over time, secondary structures and patterns evolved and became more and more important. Invading biota and vegetation succession initialized feedback mechanisms resulting in pattern and habitat formation as well as in increased differentiation, heterogeneity and complexity that are typical characteristics of ecosystems (Schaaf et al., 2013). The processes and feedback mechanisms in the initial development of a new landscape may deviate in rates, intensity, and dominance from those known from mature ecosystems. It is therefore crucial to understand these early phases of ecosystem development and to disentangle the increasingly complex interactions between the evolving terrestrial and aquatic, biotic, and abiotic compartments of the system. Y1 - 2014 UR - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2014/EGU2014-6042.pdf N1 - EGU2014-6042-1 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hinz, Christoph A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Gerwin, Werner T1 - Competing feedbacks drive state transitions during initial catchment evolution: Examples from post-mining landscape and ecosystems evolution T2 - European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April – 02 May 2014 N2 - Within the context of severely disturbed landscapes with little or no ecological memory, such as post-mining landscapes, we propose a simple framework that explains the catchment evolution as a result of competing feedbacks influenced by the initial conditions and the atmospheric drivers such as rainfall intermittency and intensity. The first stage of the evolution is dominated by abiotic feedbacks triggered by rainfall and subsequent fluid flow causing particle mobilisation on the surface and in the subsurface leading to flow concentration or in some instances to densification of surface and subsurface substrates. Subsequently, abiotic-biotic feedbacks start to compete in the sense that biological activity generally stabilizes substrate by preventing particle mobilisation and hence contribute to converting the substrate to a habitat. We suggest that these competing feedbacks may generate alternative stable states in particular under semi-arid and arid climatic conditions, while in temperate often energy limited environments biological process “outcompete” abiotic processes leading to a stable state, in particular from the water balance point of view for comparable geomorphic situations. Y1 - 2014 UR - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2014/EGU2014-12609.pdf N1 - EGU2014-12609 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ulrich, Werner A1 - Piwczynski, Marcin A1 - Zaplata, Markus K. A1 - Winter, Susanne A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Fischer, Anton T1 - Soil conditions and phylogenetic relatedness influence total community trait space during early plant succession T2 - Journal of Plant Ecology N2 - The total space of traits covered by the members of plant communities is an important parameter of ecosystem functioning and complexity. We trace the variability of trait space during early plant succession and ask how trait space co-varies with phylogenetic community structure and soil conditions. Particularly, we are interested in the small-scale variability in trait space and the influence of biotic and abiotic filters. We use data on species richness and soil conditions from the first 7 years of initial succession of an artificial catchment in north-eastern Germany. Total functional attribute diversity serves as a proxy to total trait space. Total trait space steadily increased during succession. We observed high small-scale variability in total trait space that was positively correlated with species richness and phylogenetic segregation and negatively correlated with total plant cover. Trait space increased with soil carbonate content, while pH and the fraction of sandy material behaved indifferently. Our results indicate that during early succession, habitat filtering processes gain importance leading to a lesser increase in trait space than expected from the increase in species richness alone. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1093/jpe/rtt048 VL - 7 IS - 4 SP - 321 EP - 329 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Kögel-Knabner, Ingrid A1 - Schulin, Rainer A1 - Hinz, Christoph A1 - Subke, Jens-Arne T1 - Ecosystems in transition: interactions and feedbacks with an amphasis on the initial development T2 - Biogeosciences N2 - In this Special Issue of Biogeosciences on “Ecosystems in transition: Interactions and feedbacks with an emphasis on the initial development”, we bring together research on ecosystems undergoing state transitions, including artificially created and naturally formed sites, most of them in an initial stage of development. State transitions of an ecosystem may occur either when a formerly stable system state is disturbed or when a developing system gradually achieves new functions during succession. This special issue presents a collection of observational and experimental studies that focus on processes occurring during state transitions in the development of ecosystems and provide insights into the feedback mechanisms controlling them. These state transitions are studied at multiple scales, ranging from the pore scale to the catchment scale. The contributions collected in this issue can be divided into two main groups: (i) studies dealing with state transition occurring in initial ecosystems without active human interference, and (ii) studies dealing with active restoration of ecosystems after severe disturbances. Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/doi:10.5194/bg-11-195-2014 VL - 11 SP - 195 EP - 200 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Zaplata, Markus K. A1 - Maurer, Thomas A1 - Boldt-Burisch, Katja A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Hinz, Christoph T1 - An interactive survey panel regarding the effects of mice (Microtus spec.) on a young ecosystem T2 - European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2015, Vienna, Austria, 13 April - 17 May 2015 KW - interactive survey panel Y1 - 2015 UR - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2015/EGU2015-13818.pdf N1 - EGU2015-13818 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Hinz, Christoph A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Zaplata, Markus K. A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - The role of feedback mechanisms in the initial development of the constructed catchment Chicken Creek T2 - European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2015, Vienna, Austria, 13 April - 17 May 2015 KW - initial development Y1 - 2015 UR - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2015/EGU2015-8664.pdf N1 - EGU2015-8664 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Elmer, Michael A1 - Fischer, Anton A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Nenov, Rossen A1 - Pretzsch, Hans A1 - Seifert, Stefan A1 - Winter, Susanne A1 - Zaplata, Markus K. T1 - Monitoring the formation of structures and patterns during initial development of an artificial catchment T2 - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment N2 - The objective of this paper is to present observations, results from monitoring measurements, and preliminary conclusions about the development of patterns and structures during the first 5 years of development of an artificial catchment starting from point zero. We discuss the high relevance of initial system traits and external events for the system development and draw conclusions for further research. These investigations as part of a Collaborative Research Center, aim to disentangle and understand the feedback mechanisms and interrelationships of processes and their co-development with spatial and temporal structures and patterns by studying an initial, probably less complex ecosystem. Therefore, intensive measurements were carried out in the catchment with regard to the development of surface structures, hydrological patterns, vegetation dynamics, water chemistry, and element budgets. During the first 5 years, considerable changes within the catchment were observed. Both internal and external factors could be identified as driving forces for the formation of structures and patterns in the artificial catchment. Initial structures formed by the construction process and initial substrate characteristics were decisive for the distribution and flow of water. External factors like episodic events triggered erosion and dissection during this initial phase, promoted by the low vegetation cover, and the unconsolidated sandy substrate. The transformation of the initial geosystem into areas with evolving terrestrial or aquatic characteristics and from a very episodic to a more permanent stream network and discharge, together with the observed vegetation dynamics increased site diversity and heterogeneity with respect to water and nutrient availability and transformation processes compared with the more homogenous conditions at point zero. The processes and feedback mechanisms in the initial development of a new landscape may deviate in rates, intensity, and dominance from those known from mature ecosystems. It is therefore crucial to understand these early phases of ecosystem development and to disentangle the increasingly complex interactions between the evolving terrestrial and aquatic, biotic, and abiotic compartments of the system. Long-term monitoring of initial ecosystems may provide important data and parameters on processes and the crucial role of spatial and temporal structures and patterns to solve these problems. Artificially created catchments could be a suitable tool to study these initial developments at the landscape scale under known, designed, and defined boundary conditions. KW - ecosystem development Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-012-2998-x SN - 0167-6369 VL - Vol. 185 IS - 7 SP - 5965 EP - 5986 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Fischer, Anton A1 - Gerke, Horst H. A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Grünewald, Uwe A1 - Holländer, Hartmut M. A1 - Kögel-Knabner, Ingrid A1 - Mutz, Michael A1 - Schloter, Michael A1 - Schulin, Rainer A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Winter, Susanne A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Patterns and processes of initial terrestrial-ecosystem development T2 - Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science N2 - Ecosystems are characterized as complex systems with abiotic and biotic processes interacting between the various components that have evolved over long-term periods. Most ecosystem studies so far have been carried out in mature systems. Only limited knowledge exists on the very initial phase of ecosystem development. Concepts on the development of ecosystems are often based on assumptions and extrapolations with respect to structure–process interactions in the initial stage. To characterize the effect of this initial phase on structure and functioning of ecosystems in later stages, it is necessary to disentangle the close interaction of spatial and temporal patterns of ecosystem structural assemblages with processes of ecosystem development. The study of initial, less complex systems could help to better identify and characterize coupled patterns and processes. This paper gives an overview of concepts for the initial development of different ecosystem compartments and identifies open questions and research gaps. The artificial catchment site “Chicken Creek” is introduced as a new research approach to investigate these patterns and processes of initial ecosystem development under defined boundary conditions. This approach allows to integrate the relevant processes with related pattern and structure development over temporal and spatial scales and to derive thresholds and stages in state and functioning of ecosystems at the catchment level. KW - soils KW - pedogenesis KW - vegetation succession KW - microbial succession KW - artificial catchment Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.201000158 SN - 1522-2624 VL - 174 IS - 2 SP - 229 EP - 239 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Elmer, Michael A1 - Hinz, Christoph T1 - The constructed catchment Chicken Creek as Critical Zone Observatory under transition T2 - European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April – 02 May 2014 N2 - The constructed catchment Chicken Creek was established in 2005 as an experimental landscape laboratory for ecosystem research. The 6 ha area with clearly defined horizontal as well as vertical boundary conditions was left for an unrestricted primary succession. All Critical Zone elements are represented at this site, which allows the study of most processes occurring at the interface of bio-, pedo-, geo- and hydrosphere. It provides outstanding opportunities for investigating interactions and feedbacks between different evolving compartments during ecosystem development. The catchment is extensively instrumented since 2005 in order to detect transition stages of the ecosystem. Data recorded with a high spatial and temporal resolution include ydrological, geomorphological, pedological, limnological as well as biological parameters. Y1 - 2014 UR - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2014/EGU2014-6248.pdf N1 - EGU2014-6248 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hinz, Christoph A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Elmer, Michael A1 - Flühler, Hannes A1 - Holländer, Hartmut M. A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - State transitions in the artificial catchment Huehnerwasser (Chicken Creek): Ecosystems development 8 years after initialization : abstract T2 - Soil-mediated Drivers of Coupled Biogeochemical and Hydrological Processes across Scales, AGU Chapman Conference Biosphere II, Tucson, Arizona, USA, 21-24 October 2013 Y1 - 2013 UR - http://chapman.agu.org/soil-mediated/files/2013/10/AGU-CC13SD-3.pdf SP - S. 34 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Biemelt, Detlef A1 - Fischer, Annette A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang ED - Ukonmaanaho, Liisa ED - Nieminen, Tiina Maileena ED - Starr, Michael T1 - Monitoring of ecosystem patterns and processes in an artificial catchment in Lusatia, Germany T2 - 6th International Symposium on Ecosystem Behaviour BIOGEOMON 2009 Y1 - 2009 UR - http://www.metla.fi/julkaisut/workingpapers/2009/mwp128.pdf SN - 978-951-40-2177-0 SP - S. 84 PB - Finnish Forest Research Institute CY - Vantaa, Finland ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Biemelt, Detlef A1 - Elmer, Michael A1 - Maurer, Thomas A1 - Schneider, Anna T1 - The artificial catchment Hühnerwasser (Chicken Creek): Construction and initial properties Y1 - 2010 UR - http://opus.kobv.de/btu/volltexte/2011/2072/pdf/Ecol_Dev_Vol_1_2010.pdf PB - FZLB CY - Cottbus ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Biemelt, Detlef A1 - Veste, Maik ED - Schaaf, Wolfgang ED - Bliemelt, Detlef ED - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Soil water T2 - Initial development of the artificial catchment "Chicken Creek" : monitoring program and survey 2005-2008 Y1 - 2010 UR - http://opus.kobv.de/btu/volltexte/2011/2073/ SP - 57 EP - 70 PB - Univ. of Technology, Research Center Landscape Development and Mining Landscapes CY - Cottbus ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Biemelt, Detlef A1 - Nenov, Rossen ED - Schaaf, Wolfgang ED - Biemelt, Detlef ED - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Meteorology T2 - Initial development of the artificial catchment "Chicken Creek" : monitoring program and survey 2005-2008 Y1 - 2010 UR - http://opus.kobv.de/btu/volltexte/2011/2073/ SP - 9 EP - 20 PB - Univ. of Technology, Research Center Landscape Development and Mining Landscapes (FZLB) CY - Cottbus ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mazur, Kai A1 - Schoenheinz, Dagmar A1 - Biemelt, Detlef A1 - Schaaf, D. A1 - Grünewald, Uwe T1 - Observation of hydrological processes and structures in the artificial Chicken Creek catchment T2 - Physics and Chemistry of the Earth Y1 - 2011 SN - 1873-5193 VL - 36 IS - 1-4 SP - 74 EP - 86 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Fischer, Thomas A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Dew formation on the surface of biological soil crusts in central European sand ecosystems T2 - Biogeosciences discussions N2 - Dew formation was investigated in three developmental stages of biological soil crusts (BSC), which were collected along a catena of an inland dune and in the initial substrate. The Penman equation, which was developed for saturated surfaces, was modified for unsaturated surfaces and used for prediction of dewfall rates. The levels of surface saturation required for this approach were predicted using the water retention functions and the thicknesses of the BSCs. During a single event, dewfall increased with crust development from 0.08 kg m−2 for the initial substrate to 0.10, 0.20 and 0.25 kg m−2 for crusts stages 1 to 3, respectively, which was well reflected by the model response. The suggested mechanism of dew formation involves a delay in water saturation in near-surface soil pores and EPS where the crusts were thicker and where the water capacity was high, resulting in elevated vapor flux towards the surface. The results also indicate that the amount of dewfall was too low to observe water flow into deeper soil. Analysis of the soil water retention curves revealed that, despite the sandy mineral matrix, moist crusts with clogged by swollen EPS pores exhibited a clay-like behavior. It is hypothesized that BSCs gain double benefit from suppressing their competitors by runoff generation and from improving their water supply by dew collection. Despite higher amounts of dew, the water availability to the crust community decreases with crust development, which may be compensated by ecophysiological adaptation of crust organisms, and which may further suppress higher vegetation or mosses. Y1 - 2012 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/bgd-9-8075-2012 VL - 9 SP - 8075 EP - 8092 ER -