TY - CHAP A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Takla, Melanie A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Bonhage, Alexander A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Rösler, Horst T1 - Towards an inventory of historic charcoal production fields in Brandenburg, Germany T2 - European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2015, Vienna, Austria, 13 April - 17 May 2015 KW - historic charcoal production Y1 - 2015 UR - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2015/EGU2015-3949.pdf N1 - EGU2015-3949 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - GEN A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Bonhage, Alexander A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Rösler, Horst A1 - Heußner, Karl-Uwe A1 - Hirsch, Florian T1 - Spatial distribution of relict charcoal hearths in the former royal forest district Tauer (SE Brandenburg, Germany) T2 - Quaternary International N2 - Historical charcoal production has long been an unconsidered type of forest utilization in lowland areas. The archaeological discovery of a large charcoal burning area in the forefield of the active opencast lignite mine J€anschwalde in SE Brandenburg (North German Lowlands) has highlighted the need for multidisciplinary research in the study of the dimensions of historical charcoal burning. The charcoal produced in our study area, the former royal forest district Tauer, provided energy for the nearby Peitz ironworks during its operation from the mid-16th to the mid-19th century. Here, we aimed to record the amount, size and distribution of relict charcoal hearths (RCHs) to examine their context with respect to the ironworks and to better understand the potential impacts on late Quaternary landscape change. The applied methods combined archaeological research with shaded-relief mapping of RCHs. To evaluate the detection success of RCHs in the shaded-relief maps (SRMs), we compared the results with the results from specific archaeological surveys and conventional forest site mapping. Furthermore, we analyzed our dataset with descriptive, comparable and spatial statistics. Additionally, dendrochronological dating of charcoal fragments from selected RCHs was used to investigate the temporal relationships among the RCHs. Approximately 6000 circular RCHs were manually digitally identified in the SRMs of the 109-km2 evaluable area. However, ground truthing showed that the shaded-relief maps could not completely capture all RCHs in our study area due to local conditions. At the regional scale, two focus areas with high RCH site densities were found. Statistical analysis revealed that the diameters of the RCHs range widely from 4 to 30.5 m. Spatial statistics were applied to the RCH diameters to aggregate areas with larger or smaller RCHs. At the small scale, no systematic arrangement of RCHs was obvious in the SRMs. Dendrochronological dating of selected RCHs lying close together could not detect significant spatiotemporal relationships or patterns. The dating results also showed that some areas have been preferentially used for charcoal production for over 300 years. Due to the homogeneity of the physiogeographical location factors, we assume that these factors are not superficially responsible for site selection. Instead, economic location factors and contemporary regulations are more likely responsible for the distribution of RCHs. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2017.07.022 SN - 1040-6182 VL - Vol. 511 SP - 153 EP - 165 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Takla, Melanie A1 - Nicolay, Alexander A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - A Template-matching Approach Combining Morphometric Variables for Automated Mapping of Charcoal Kiln Sites T2 - Archaeological Prospection N2 - Analysing the spatial distribution of anthropogenic relief structures can contribute to the understanding of past landuse systems. With automated mapping routines, small relief forms can be detected efficiently from high-resolution digital terrain models (DTMs). In this study, we describe an approach for the automated mapping of charcoal kiln sites from an airborne laser-scanning DTM. The study site is located north of Cottbus, Germany, where an exceptionally large historic charcoal production field has been documented in previous archaeological surveys. The goal of this study was to implement, evaluate and improve an automated GIS-based routine for mapping these features based on the template-matching principle. In addition to the DTM, different morphometric variables were evaluated for their suitability to detect kiln sites. The mapping results were validated against a comprehensive database of kiln sites recorded from archaeological excavations and via manual digitization. The effects of irregular kiln-site geometry and DTM noise were evaluated using synthetic DTMs. The results of the synthetic DTM mapping show that the template-matching results differed depending on the morphometric variable used for the mapping process. In accordance with this observation, a validation of the mapping procedure for the field site suggests that feature mapping can be improved. In particular, the number of false detections can be reduced using a combination of morphometric variables. For the validation area, the kiln sites with diameters of at least 10m were mapped using the automated routine, with detection rates that were close to those of manual digitization. Therefore, the described method can considerably facilitate the mapping and distribution analysis of kiln sites or similar small relief forms that are prominent in a specific landscape. Y1 - 2015 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/arp.1497 SN - 1099-0763 VL - 22 IS - 1 SP - 45 EP - 62 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Wechler, Klaus-Peter A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Reconstruction of a Paleosurface and Archaeological Site Location in an Anthropogenic Drift Sand Area T2 - Archaeological Prospection N2 - Knowledge of the position of archaeological remains in the surface relief provides important basic information for archaeological survey design and interpretation. Geomorphological processes in (pre)history may have resulted in a modification of the local relief around archaeological sites, especially in areas that are prone to sediment erosion and relocation, such as sheet sand and dune landscapes. In this study, we reconstructed and analysed the palaeorelief of an archaeological excavation site in an inland dune area in southern Brandenburg, Germany. The remains of two Mesolithic sites were documented in the archaeological excavations and found to be associated with a buried soil horizon. To gather information on the relief of the buried soil surface, we used a combination of sedimentological and pedological profile descriptions along archaeological survey trenches and geophysical prospection with ground penetrating radar supplemented with microdrone photography and photogrammetry, global positioning system (GPS) surveys, and analysis of LiDAR-based elevation models. A digital elevation model of the buried surface was generated and analysed using a geographical information system (GIS). A comparison of the palaeosurface model with the recent surface elevation model shows that sand remobilization resulted in a considerable reshaping of the relief. Further, an analysis of the buried surface model shows that the relief position of the two archaeological sites in the study area was considerably more prominent in relation to the corresponding buried soil surface than in relation to the recent surface morphology. The results affirm the significance of Holocene sediment relocation for the local surface morphology and the importance of considering such relief modifications in archaeological surveys. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/arp.1571 SN - 1099-0763 VL - 24 IS - 4 SP - 297 EP - 310 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Ouimet, William A1 - Johnson, Katharine M. A1 - Dethier, David A1 - Raab, Alexandra T1 - Architecture of relict charcoal hearths in northwestern Connecticut, USA T2 - Geoarchaeology N2 - Relict charcoal hearths are round or elliptical earthen platforms up to 11 m in diameter and a widespread feature of historical industry that supplied charcoal used in the production of iron in furnaces or smelters. The iron industry dominated Litchfield County, Connecticut, and surrounding areas in the northeastUnited States throughout the 19th century, peaking in ∼1850. The large number of charcoal hearths in this region is a relic of >150 years of widespread iron production. In this study, we describe the architecture and soil stratigraphy of 26 charcoal hearths in Litchfield County. This contribution aims to (1) compare soils that comprise the charcoal hearths with “natural” adjacent soils, (2) measure the thickness of topsoil developed upon the hearths, and (3) characterize the stratigraphy associated with these features. Results indicate that the black topsoils overlying the charcoal hearths contain residual charcoal and are on average 2.6 times thicker than adjacentCambisols. Charcoal hearths display two ormore black, charcoal-rich strata separated by layers of reddish-brown soil low in charcoal content indicating multiple episodes of use.We also find that many charcoal hearths have been stabilized with boulders on the downslope side during construction and repeated use.Overall, the results presented here provide significant information regarding the construction, use, and associated impacts of earthen platforms for charcoal production in the northeastUnited States, with further relevance to other areas where historical charcoal production occurred. Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/gea.21614 SN - 1520-6548 VL - 32 IS - 4 SP - 502 EP - 510 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Nicolay, Alexander A1 - Takla, Melanie A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Rösler, Horst A1 - Bauriegel, Albrecht T1 - Opencast mines in South Brandenburg (Germany) - archives of Late Quaternary landscape development and human-induced land use changes T2 - Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences N2 - This study outlines the opportunities for geoarchaeological research in active opencast lignite mines in southern Brandenburg (Germany). Studies on extensive outcrops that address both archaeology and soil geomorphology, combined with a geographical information system (GIS) approach, provide unique insights into human-induced environmental changes in Lower Lusatia and generally improve our understanding of landscape dynamics. We present the most recent results from three case studies and review important findings from the last several years. Studies conducted in opencast mines of Cottbus-Nord and Jänschwalde focus on (i) Late Quaternary geomorphodynamics and soil development and (ii) past land use and the legacy of agriculture and woodland use. Our results are similar to those in other regions in Central Europe, but we also observe regional differences caused by the local setting, e.g. intensification of soil erosion coinciding with the expansion of farming of cultivated lands in the Slavic Middle Ages. Our research reveals the largest archaeologically investigated area of historical charcoal production in the Northern European Lowland (NEL). We are clearly only beginning to understand the massive dimensions of charcoal production in the region. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12520-015-0227-6 SN - 1866-9565 VL - 8 IS - 3 SP - 453 EP - 466 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Bonhage, Alexander A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Spatial and temporal variability of soil physical properties on legacies of historic charcoal production T2 - European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2018, Vienna, Austria N2 - The spatial variability of soil physical properties on the landscape scale is often increased by anthropogenic land occupation, not only by current land use but also through the legacies of past land use systems. The remains of historic charcoal hearts are an example for such a disturbance of the soil landscape by former forestry. Such relict charcoal hearths (RCH) exhibit a clearly altered soil stratigraphy, most prominently characterized by a technogenic substrate layer on the soil surface, and their soil physical properties can considerably differ from those of surrounding forest soils. The aim of our study is to characterize the soil water and temperature regime on RHC in a pre-industrial charcoal production area in Brandenburg, Germany, as compared with the surrounding sandy forest soils. Soil properties were analyzed in profiles on and around hearth sites and are monitored in a sensor transect equipped with soil moisture sensors and pF-meters. Results of soil sample analyses show differences in density and porosity between the RCH soils and surrounding forest soils, not only in the technogenic layer but also in the buried soil layers on hearth sites. The soil water characteristic curves determined in the laboratory indicate a modified pore size distribution and lower plant available water contents in the RCH soils. Preliminary results of the ongoing soil water monitoring, however, show increased soil wetness in the RCH soils, along with lower soil moisture tensions. Furthermore, the measurements show higher variations of soil temperature in RCH soils. The results affirm that the legacies of historic charcoal production can increase the spatial variability of soil physical properties and therefore also of ecological site conditions in forest areas. The results of soil moisture monitoring suggest that a determination of soil physical parameters in the laboratory is not sufficient to characterize the spatio-temporal variations of the soil water regime. Y1 - 2018 UR - https://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2018/EGU2018-10115.pdf N1 - EGU2018-10115 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Takla, Melanie A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Raab, Alexandra ED - Schopper, Franz T1 - Mit dem GIS zur Landschaftsgeschichte. Datengrundlage und Forschungsansatz zum Modell der frühindustriellen Holzkohleproduktion in der Jänschwalder Heide T2 - Ausgrabungen im Niederlausitzer Braunkohlenrevier 2009/2010 Y1 - 2013 SN - 978-3-910011-73-1 SP - 267 EP - 273 PB - Brandenburgisches Landesamt für Denkmalpflege und Archäologisches Landesmuseum CY - Wünsdorf ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Rösler, Horst A1 - Bönisch, Eberhard A1 - Schopper, Franz A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Raab, Alexandra ED - Kluiving, Sjoerd ED - Guttmann-Bond, Erika T1 - Pre-industrial Carcoal Production in southern Brandenburg and its impact on the environment T2 - Landscape Archaeology between Art and Science Y1 - 2012 SN - 978-90-8964-418-3 SP - 167 EP - 178 PB - Amsterdam University Press CY - Amsterdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Takla, Melanie A1 - Nicolay, Alexander A1 - Bonhage, Alexander A1 - Müller, Frank A1 - Heußner, Karl-Uwe A1 - Rösler, Horst T1 - Reconstructing anthropogenic landscape transformation in the surroundings of the ironwork Peitz (SE Brandenburg, Germany) - 16th to mid-19th centuries T2 - 4th International Landscape Archaeology Conference, Uppsala, 22nd - 25th August 2016 N2 - Various sources provide information about land use history and landscape transformation. For a variety of reasons, the quality of information differs and is often discontinuous or incomplete. In this interdisciplinary study we take advantage of comprehensive archaeological data gathered by large-scale excavations that were necessary because of opencast lignite mining in Lusatia, Brandenburg, Germany. By using a GIS we integrate these archaeological findings with results from archival and literature studies, from historical maps, from landforms and soils as well as from analyses of shaded-relief maps derived from up-to-date LiDAR data. The long-term aim is to develop a palaeoenvironmental model and thus to reconstruct landscape changes caused by human activities. The focus of the study is the Peitz ironwork in SE Brandenburg, which was a large consumer of commodities for about 300 years. During the time it operated, extensive transformations are supposed to have affected the landscape in the vicinity because of wood consumption and especially charcoal production. Digital datasets about forested areas for different timespans reconstructed from historical maps were made available. In combination with dendrochronological dating of charred trees, the spatiotemporal dimension of charcoal kilns was determined. Also, sites of former bog iron ore mining could be identified. Moreover, the different sources contain further information about other forms of land uses such as agriculture, pastoralism and even viticulture. In conclusion we can highlight that the mosaic of past land use systems is different from the modern structure but that major changes in the forests have been retained. Y1 - 2016 UR - http://www.arkeologi.uu.se/digitalAssets/447/c_447246-l_1-k_20160816_lac_booklet.pdf SP - S. 152 PB - Department of archaeology and ancient history, Uppsala university, CY - Uppsala ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Takla, Melanie A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Raab, Alexandra ED - Raab, Thomas ED - Hirsch, Florian ED - Raab, Alexandra ED - Schopper, Franz ED - Freytag, Klaus T1 - Standort 4 - Eisenhüttenwerk Peitz. Die frühindustrielle Köhlerei in der Jänschwalder Heide (Niederlausitz). Eine GIS-basierte Rekonstruktion des Wald- und Landschaftszustandes mithilfe historischer Karten ab dem 18. Jahrhundert T2 - Tagungsband und Exkursionsführer, Arbeitskreis Geoarchäologie- Jahrestagung 2013, 2.-4.5.2013, BTU Cottbus N2 - Die hier vorgestellte Forschungsarbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Rekonstruktion der Landschafts- und Umweltgeschichte mithilfe Geographischer Informationssysteme (GIS) und historischer Karten. In einem Modell sollen die räumliche Dimension der Köhlerei, der damit verbundene Holzverbrauch, der Zustand der Wälder, die vorhandene Infrastruktur etc. errechnet und dargestellt werden. Zeitlicher Schwerpunkt ist die zweite Hälfte des 18. Jahrhunderts und die Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts. Y1 - 2013 UR - https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-btu/files/4061/GeoRS+Vol.2pdf_a.pdf SP - 89 EP - 97 PB - BTU Cottbus CY - Cottbus ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Takla, Melanie A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Raab, Alexandra ED - Raab, Thomas ED - Hirsch, Florian ED - Raab, Alexandra ED - Schopper, Franz ED - Freytag, Klaus T1 - Die frühindustrielle Köhlerei in der Jänschwalder Heide (Tagebau Jänschwalde, Niederlausitz). Eine GIS-basierte Rekonstruktion des Wald- und Landschaftszustandes mithilfe historischer Karten ab dem 18. Jahrhundert T2 - Tagungsband und Exkursionsführer, Arbeitskreis Geoarchäologie - Jahrestagung 2013, 2.-4.5.2013, BTU Cottbus Y1 - 2013 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-40619 SP - S. 47 PB - BTU Cottbus CY - Cottbus ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Naeth, M. Anne A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Raab, Alexandra T1 - Contributing towards a conceptual model of soil-landscape co-evolution: observations from historic mining sites in Alberta, Canada T2 - European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2016, Vienna, Austria N2 - At the former Diplomat Mine near Forestburg, Alberta, Canada we find a diverse soil landscape which can help to conceptualize factors and processes controlling initial pedogenesis and soil distribution on very young landforms in prairie environments. Due to differing reclamation practices in the 1950s and landslides occurring after spoil dumping, four areas can be distinguished by GoogleMaps/LiDAR evaluation and onsite field survey: (i) not-mined, (ii) stock piled and unreclaimed, (iii) stock piled and reclaimed and (iv) affected by post-mining geomorphodynamics and quasi-natural redeposition. The parent material for areas (ii) to (iv) was initially dumped by spreaders but only (ii) didn’t undergo further change. Landscape (iii) has seen levelling of the piles by heavy machinery. Features of landscape (iv) are formed by reshaping the originally dumped and levelled structures. This last landscape unit marks the rim of the former mine adjacent to the river valley. In practice, mining activities formed new valley slopes. In contrast to the naturally developed slopes the mine slopes were less stable. Vegetation, which could have hindered slope wash erosion, was missing after dumping the spoil slopes. Slopes were very steep (or practically undercut) and therefore, substrates were naturally re-located by mass movements such as sliding and slumping. Characteristic sliding and slumping structures can be identified in the close-ups of the LiDAR images. Both processes, mass movement and slope wash erosion, may have overlapped. Landscape (ii) is the most contrasting one. Dumped stock piles formed elongated, curved and steep ridges. These landforms do not have a natural analogue but clearly show their technological origin. Most interesting are differences in vegetation. South and southwest facing slopes are covered with grassland whereas north and northeast facing slopes are covered with aspen trees. Some of the ditches are filled with water and form small elongated ponds. The characteristic geomorphology of the prairie can be found in landscape (i). Distinct differences are found in properties and types of soils in these four landscapes. Natural soils and pile soils characteristically differ in parent material and soil horizons. No information is gathered yet for the reclaimed soils and the landslides soils due to prohibited access. However, based on what we find at the former Diplomat Mine we can conclude that distribution, development and properties of unreclaimed soils in historical open cast mines in Alberta are primarily controlled by parent material and topography. The geomorphological set-up is dominating the trajectory of vegetation development and post-mining geomorphodynamics. Contrasting slope aspects determine micro climatic conditions and lead to different vegetation types. This has likely had an effect on soil development and soil properties (especially carbon stocks). Further studies will be conducted to quantify these differing soil properties to refine this conceptual model of initial pedogenesis and soil distribution on very young landforms in the prairie landscapes. Y1 - 2016 UR - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2016/EGU2016-2457.pdf N1 - EGU2016-2457 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Nicolay, Alexander A1 - Błaszkiewicz, Mirosław A1 - Kordowski, Jarosław A1 - Noryskiewicz, Agnieszka M. A1 - Tyszkowski, Sebastian A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Late Quaternary landscape development at the margin of the Pomeranian phase (MIS 2) near Lake Wygonin (Northern Poland) T2 - European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2015, Vienna, Austria, 13 April - 17 May 2015 KW - late quaternary landscape development Y1 - 2015 UR - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2015/EGU2015-3547-1.pdf N1 - EGU2015-3547-1 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Buras, Allan A1 - Maaten, Ernst van der A1 - Takla, Melanie A1 - Räbiger, Christin A1 - Cruz-García, Roberto A1 - Wilmking, Martin T1 - Effects of historic charcoal burning on soil properties T2 - European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2015, Vienna, Austria, 13 April - 17 May 2015 KW - historic charcoal burning Y1 - 2015 UR - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2015/EGU2015-3574-2.pdf N1 - EGU2015-3574-2 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Buras, Allan A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Maaten, Ernst van der A1 - Takla, Melanie A1 - Räbiger, Christin A1 - Cruz-García, Roberto A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Wilmking, Martin T1 - Charcoal kiln relicts - a favorable site for tree growth? T2 - European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2015, Vienna, Austria, 13 April – 17 May 2015 Y1 - 2015 N1 - EGU2015-3257 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Takla, Melanie A1 - Müller, Frank A1 - Rösler, Horst A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Forestry and charcoal burning in the vicinity of the ironwork Peitz (South Brandenburg, Germany) - What do we know from historical and archaeological data? T2 - European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April – 02 May 2014 N2 - The former royal forest districts around Peitz (South Brandenburg, Germany) were used to produce charcoal for the ironwork Peitz (1554 to 1856). More than 800 archaeologically excavated ground plans of charcoal kilns give evidence of the burning activity in the study area “Jänschwalde Heide” which is only a small part of the whole forest district. The study area in the apron of the active lignite mine Jänschwalde comprises the royal forest “Jänschwalder Heide” and the surrounding community forests. Our study approach combines archaeological research, a GIS-based approach (historical maps, airborne laser scanning (ALS) data, etc.) and archival studies. Y1 - 2014 UR - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2014/EGU2014-3858-1.pdf N1 - EGU2014-3858-1 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Takla, Melanie A1 - Nicolay, Alexander A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Quantitative analysis of anthropogenic relief features: automated mapping of charcoal kiln sites from high-resolution ALS data T2 - European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April – 02 May 2014 N2 - High-resolution digital elevation data from airborne laser scanning (ALS) allow for identification and mapping of so far unknown small-scale relief features that are hidden by forest cover. Especially as a result of historic land use, small anthropogenic landforms can occur, e.g., remains of charcoal kilns on sites that were used for charcoal production or ridge and furrow systems in former farmland areas. Mapping such relief features and analyzing their spatial distribution patterns can help to understand past land-use systems and their effects on landscapes. To efficiently detect and quantify small-scale relief features from high-resolution DEMs for larger areas, (semi-) automated mapping routines are required. Y1 - 2014 UR - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2014/EGU2014-2795.pdf N1 - EGU2014-2795 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Takla, Melanie A1 - Müller, Frank A1 - Rösler, Horst A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas ED - Schwab, Markus J. ED - Theuerkauf, Martin ED - Brauer, Achim ED - Wilmking, Martin ED - Lampe, Reinhard T1 - Forestry and charcoal burning in the vicinity of the ironwork Peitz (South Brandenburg, Germany) – What do we know from historical and archaeological data? T2 - 3rd Annual ICLEA Workshop 2014, Dynamics of Climate and Landscape Evolution of Cultural Landscapes in the Northern Central European Lowlands since the Last Ice Age Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2312/GFZ.b103-14028 SP - 51 PB - GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences CY - Potsdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Takla, Melanie A1 - Nicolay, Alexander A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas ED - Schwab, Markus J. ED - Theuerkauf, Martin ED - Brauer, Achim ED - Wilmking, Martin ED - Lampe, Reinhard T1 - Automated detection of small-scale anthropogenic relief features from high-resolution ALS-data T2 - 3rd Annual ICLEA Workshop 2014, Dynamics of Climate and Landscape Evolution of Cultural Landscapes in the Northern Central European Lowlands since the Last Ice Age Y1 - 2014 U6 - http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn:nbn:de:kobv:b103-14028 SP - S. 49 PB - GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences CY - Potsdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Nicolay, Alexander A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas ED - Schwab, Markus J. ED - Theuerkauf, Martin ED - Brauer, Achim ED - Wilmking, Martin ED - Lampe, Reinhard T1 - Evidence pf (pre-) historic to modern landscape development and land use history in Lower Lusatia (Brandenburg, Germany) T2 - 3rd Annual ICLEA Workshop 2014, Dynamics of Climate and Landscape Evolution of Cultural Landscapes in the Northern Central European Lowlands since the Last Ice Age Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2312/GFZ.b103-14028 SP - 47 PB - GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences CY - Potsdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Nicolay, Alexander A1 - Pötzsch, Bastian A1 - Fritzsche, Marie A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas ED - Schwab, Markus J. ED - Theuerkauf, Martin ED - Brauer, Achim ED - Wilmking, Martin ED - Lampe, Reinhard T1 - Influence of charcoal burning induced pyrolysis on soils T2 - 3rd Annual ICLEA Workshop 2014, Dynamics of Climate and Landscape Evolution of Cultural Landscapes in the Northern Central European Lowlands since the Last Ice Age Y1 - 2014 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2312/GFZ.b103-14028 SP - 41 PB - GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences CY - Potsdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Nicolay, Alexander A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Evidence of (pre-) historic to modern landscape development and land use history in Lower Lusatia (Brandenburg, Germany) T2 - European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April – 02 May 2014 N2 - In the apron of three active lignite opencast pits in Lower Lusatia (Brandenburg, Germany), archaeological survey trenches were investigated in areas where Quaternary aeolian sand deposits are widespread. The investigated palaeoenvironmental archives in Jänschwalde, Cottbus-Nord and Welzow contain evidence of fluvial and aeolian morphodynamics, soil formation and agricultural land use from (pre-)historic to modern times. To study the age and the causes of sand drifting and landform stabilization, standard soil physical and chemical laboratory analyses as well as optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and radiocarbon dating (14C) were carried out. Two main sedimentological units were identified: Unit 1 consists of glacio-fluvial and Late Weichselian aeolian sands representing the parent material for the native Podsol-Braunerde and Podsol development, while Unit 2 represents the Late Holocene aeolian deposits. Four periods of Late glacial and Holocene aeolian activity and three phases of geomorphological stability have been identified: (i) Aeolian sedimentation during the Late glacial, (ii) Mesolithic reactivation of aeolian processes, (iii) soil formation until Late Roman Iron Age settlers intensified the agricultural land use, (iv) intensive drift sand formation during the High Middle Ages due to agricultural expansion, (v) stabilization of the drift sands and weak soil formation, (vi) reactivation of aeolian processes due to the increasing wood consumption and charcoal production from the early 16th until the mid-19th century, (vii) surface stabilization and formation of Regosols since the mid-19th century due to afforestation. Y1 - 2014 UR - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2014/EGU2014-3404-1.pdf N1 - EGU2014-3404-1 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Nicolay, Alexander A1 - Takla, Melanie A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Rösler, Horst A1 - Bönisch, Eberhard T1 - Human-induced landscape dynamics in South Brandenburg - findings from different geoarchives T2 - European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April – 02 May 2014 N2 - South Brandenburg is the central part of the North European Lowland (NEL) extending as a plain landscape from the North and Baltic Sea to the foothills of the Central European Highlands and reaching from the Netherlands to Poland. Since many decades lignite opencast mines have been operating in this region which is known as the Lusatian mining district. The total land demand in Lusatia is about 852 square kilometres and mining will continue for many more years or even decades. Large-scale outcrops resulting from these mining activities are excellent archives to study the younger Earth’s history. The scope of our research in open cast mines is to reconstruct the Late Quaternary landscape development and to distinguishing natural from anthropogenic forcing and processes. In more detail, the aims are to identify and to quantify the impact of past land uses, i.e. changes of vegetation, landforms and soils induced by agriculture and/or forestry. Here, we are presenting latest results from our research and review important findings giving novel insights into man-induced environmental changes in Lusatia within the past thousands years and thus improving the general understanding of Late Quaternary landscape dynamics. Y1 - 2014 UR - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2014/EGU2014-1852-1.pdf N1 - EGU2014-1852-1 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Nicolay, Alexander A1 - Pötzsch, Bastian A1 - Fritzsche, Marie A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Influence of charcoal burning induced pyrolysis on soils T2 - European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April – 02 May 2014 N2 - In Lusatia, Northeastern Germany, the production of ironware between the 16th and 19th century left behind a remarkable amount of charcoal kilns in the forests north of Cottbus. Remote sensing surveys, underpinned by archaeological studies, show that charcoal was gained around Cottbus from several thousand charcoal kilns which had internal diameters up to 20 m. For the study site with 35 km2 area, the until now prospected total ground area below the charcoal kilns which was potentially affected by the pyrolysis is about 0,5 km2. Historic data indicates that the pyrolysis in the charcoal kiln took up to several weeks, for the kilns with a diameter of 20 m about 20 days. To characterize the depth of thermal alteration of soils below the kiln our current focus is on the differentiation of the iron hydroxides by small-scale vertical analysis of soil profiles. Y1 - 2014 UR - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2014/EGU2014-2557.pdf N1 - EGU2014-2557 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Frantiuc, Alexandru A1 - Brademann, Brian A1 - Ott, Florian A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Brauer, Achim A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Proxies of pre-industrial charcoal production and land use in lake sediments from South Brandenburg, Germany T2 - European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April – 02 May 2014 N2 - During the last decades, archaeological research has revealed that large-scale charcoal burning was carried out in Lower Lusatia (South Brandenburg) situated within the North Germany Lowland. From the 17th to the 19th century, charcoal was mainly produced for the ironwork in Peitz. Within the framework of the ICLEA project lake sediments from two lakes, Byhleguhrer See and Großsee, are investigated to study the impact of pre-industrial charcoal production on the environment. Y1 - 2014 UR - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2014/EGU2014-3278.pdf N1 - EGU2014-3278 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Nicolay, Alexander A1 - Schulz, Deborah A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Raab, Alexandra T1 - Landscape and soil development in Lower Lusatia - results from archaeological and soil-geomorphological investigations on a small dune field nearby Jänschwalde (Brandenburg, Germany) T2 - European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April – 02 May 2014 N2 - Within the apron of the opencast mine Jänschwalde (SE Brandenburg, Germany) archaeological excavations on a multiple populated small dune were complemented with soil-geomorphological investigations in the vicinity. Archaeological findings in the dune stratigraphy (especially cremation graves) are intercalated within aeolian sediments and/or buried soils and thus give a record of the Late Quaternary geomorphodynamic and soil development. Y1 - 2014 UR - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2014/EGU2014-3426.pdf N1 - EGU2014-3426 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Raab, Alexandra ED - Offenhäußer, Dieter ED - Zimmerli, Walther Ch. ED - Albert, Marie-Theres T1 - Imapcts of Early Land Use and Mining on River Landscapes T2 - World Heritage and Cultural Diversity Y1 - 2010 SN - 978-3-940785-20-6 SP - 245 EP - 261 PB - German Comm. for UNESCO CY - Bonn ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seiffert, Thomas A1 - Nenov, Rossen A1 - Maurer, Thomas A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Raab, Thomas ED - Holzheu, Stefan ED - Thies, B. T1 - Microdrone-based photogrammetry for water catchment monitoring T2 - Dimensions of ecology - from global change to molecular ecology, (GfÖ) 39th annual conference, University of Bayreuth, 14th - 18th September 2009 Y1 - 2009 SP - S. 129 PB - Bayreuther Zentrum für Ökologie und Umweltforschung (BayCEER) Selbstverlag CY - Bayreuth ER - TY - GEN A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Krümmelbein, Julia A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Maurer, Thomas A1 - Naeth, M. Anne T1 - Initial Ecosystem Processes as Key Factors of Landscape Development - A Review T2 - Physical Geography Y1 - 2012 SN - 1930-0557 VL - 33 IS - 4 SP - 305 EP - 343 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Hinz, Christoph A1 - Letmathe, Peter A1 - Leuchner, Michael A1 - Roß-Nickoll, Martina A1 - Rüde, Thomas A1 - Trachte, Katja A1 - Wätzold, Frank A1 - Lehmkuhl, Frank T1 - Perspectives of lignite post‑mining landscapes under changing environmental conditions: what can we learn from a comparison between the Rhenish and Lusatian region in Germany? T2 - Environmental Sciences Europe N2 - Background The decision of the German federal government to cease lignite mining until 2038 or—if possible— already earlier until 2030, will cause manifold transition processes in the remaining lignite mining districts of Germany. The two largest districts are located in geographically opposite regions: The Rhineland in the western part and Lusatia in the east of Germany. As particularly these two mining districts will experience severe changes in their socioeconomic as well environmental conditions, the federal government has adopted comprehensive economic support measures. However, the environmental changes will also cause altered ecosystem functions and services to be provided by the future post-mining landscapes. Results In this paper, the two main lignite-producing regions of Germany are compared with regard to their natural and cultural settings. The economic situation and its history are reflected and differences are outlined. Part of the disparities in the cultural development can be explained by very different natural conditions, especially edaphic factors and climatic situation. Because of dissimilar geological settings, different mining technologies were developed and are in use in the two regions with distinct effects on the resulting post-mining landscapes. Conclusion The long-standing and manifold lignite mining activities have radically restructured the landscapes in Lusatia and the Rhineland. With the ongoing decline of the mining industry and its complete cessation, presumably within the next decade, both regions will alter their faces significantly. These changes offer both challenges but also opportunities with respect to the post-mining landscapes and their ecosystem services they are going to provide. The prerequisites for a positive socioeconomic development and for sustainable land-use concepts that also consider ecological aspects are different for both regions. However, or especially because of these differences, the knowledge exchange and experience transfer between both mining regions are pivotal for the success of this extensive transformation process. KW - Lignite mining KW - Ecosystem services KW - Post-mining landscapes KW - Transformation processes Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12302-023-00738-z SN - 2190-4715 VL - 35 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lehmkuhl, Frank A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Hinz, Christoph A1 - Letmathe, Peter A1 - Leuchner, Michael A1 - Roß-Nickoll, Martina A1 - Rüde, Thomas R. A1 - Trachte, Katja A1 - Wätzold, Frank T1 - Perspectives for the lignite post-mining landscapes of the lignite mining landscapes under changing environmental conditions - what can we learn from a comparison between the Rhenish and the Lusatian regions in Germany? : EGU General Assembly 2024, Vienna, Austria & Online | 14–19 April 2024 N2 - The German government's decision to phase out lignite mining by 2038 or earlier, as recently 2030 has been agreed for the Rhineland, will trigger a number of transition processes in Germany's remaining lignite mining areas. The two largest lignite mining areas are located in geographically different regions: Rhineland in the west and Lusatia in the east. As the socio-economic and environmental conditions in these two mining areas are set to change dramatically, the German government has adopted extensive economic support measures. However, the environmental changes will also lead to changes in the ecosystem functions and services provided by the future post-mining landscapes. Gerwin et al. (2023) compare the two main lignite producing regions of Germany in terms of their natural and cultural environments. The economic situation and its history are reflected and differences are outlined. Part of the differences in cultural development can be explained by the natural conditions, especially the edaphic factors and the climatic situation. Because of the specific geological settings, tailored mining technologies were developed and used in the two regions, with different effects on the resulting post-mining landscapes. We conclude that the landscapes of Lusatia and the Rhineland have been radically restructured by the long and varied history of lignite mining. Both regions will change significantly as the mining industry continues to decline and is expected to cease altogether within the next decade. These changes in the post-mining landscapes and the ecosystem services will provide both challenges and opportunities. The preconditions for positive socio-economic development and for sustainable land use concepts that also consider ecological aspects are different for the two regions. The exchange of knowledge and experience between the two mining regions is crucial to the success of this major transformation process, despite, or perhaps because of, these differences. Gerwin, W., Raab, T., Birkhofer, K., Hinz, C., Letmathe, P., Leuchner, M., Roß-Nickoll, M., Rüde, T., Trachte, K., Wätzold, F., Lehmkuhl, F. (2023): Perspectives of lignite post-mining landscapes under changing environmental conditions: what can we learn from a comparison between the Rhenish and Lusatian region in Germany? Environmental Sciences Europe 35:36. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12302-023-00738-z Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu24-2791 PB - Copernicus GmbH ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Seifert, Thomas T1 - Analyzing initial geomorphologic processes and structures: An alternative remote sensing approach T2 - EGU General Assembly 2010, held in Vienna, Austria, 02 – 07 May 2010 Y1 - 2010 N1 - EGU2010-11367 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Gerke, Horst H. A1 - Maurer, Thomas A1 - Nenov, Rossen A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Hydro-geomorphic differentiation of an artificial catchment during the initial phase of ecosystem development T2 - AGU Fall Meeting 2011, San Francisco, Calif., 5-9 Dec. 2011 Y1 - 2011 SP - H31A-1134 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Gerke, Horst H. A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Maurer, Thomas A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Quantification and reconstruction of Initial 3D Sediment Mass Distribution in an Artificially-Created Catchment Area Using GOCAD T2 - American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting - Eos transactions N2 - For systems such as soils or watersheds, the initial distribution of sediment mass and composition at the starting point of the development are mostly not well-known. The development of such systems, however, has frequently been assumed to depend on boundary and initial conditions including the solid phase. Here, an experimental watershed of about 6 ha surface area was artificially-created in order to imitate an initial stage just at the beginning of the geo-ecosystem development. However, sediment homogeneity could not be achieved for this large-scale field experiment, and the 3D spatial distribution of structures and components remained uncertain. The objective of this study was to quantify and reconstruct the initial sediment distribution and the first development stages using aerial photographs, point information, and a 3D model. The watershed was made of coarse-textured sediments of quaternary origin with a low permeable clay liner as the bottom boundary. A 2D horizontal digital elevation model (DEM) of the surface and a DEM of the subsurface clay layer are used to construct a 3D triangulated numerical grid of the catchment’s initial spatial structure using the 3D-GIS software GOCAD. Physical and chemical soil properties obtained from borehole samples are assigned to this model and interpolated onto the 3D grid. The volumetric changes in space and time are quantified and related to material properties to obtain the mass changes. Correlations between terrain attributes, sediment properties, and mass changes are explored specifically in regions of differing source materials. A temporal sequence of surface DEMs is obtained from photogrammetric, high-precision ground based laser scanning and airborne laser scanning data. 3D models of elevation change are constructed from these DEMs. The processes following the initial state are mainly characterized by runoff-induced erosive mass relocations related to the distribution of surface and subsurface structures and sediment properties. The results suggest that both sediment structures and mass translocations differ between the western and eastern parts of the watershed and that correlations between initial surface structures and subsequent mass changes exist. KW - Biogeosciences KW - Biogeosciences / Ecosystems, structure and dynamics KW - Biogeosciences / Modeling KW - Biogeosciences / Soils / pedology KW - Earth and Planetary Surface Processes (EP) KW - 2009 Fall Meeting Y1 - 2009 N1 - EP31B-0592 Abstract VL - 90 IS - 52, Suppl. ER - TY - GEN A1 - Heinken, Thilo A1 - Blumröder, Jeanette S. A1 - Adhikari, Yojana A1 - Balthasar, Cathrina A1 - Binder, Anja A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Bischoff, Antje A1 - Brosinsky, Arlena A1 - Bubner, Ben A1 - Clerc, Danica A1 - Djoudi, El Aziz A1 - Dobkowitz, Sophia A1 - Francke, Till A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Hartong, Heinrich A1 - Hess, Carsten A1 - Jarling, René A1 - Jouy, Florent A1 - Leinen, Loretta A1 - Meißner, Andreas A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Repmann, Frank A1 - Rönnefarth, Susanne A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Schirrmacher, Marina A1 - Schmehl, Marie-Therese A1 - Schmitt, Thomas A1 - Schröder, Jens A1 - Schüle, Maren A1 - Sturm, Knut A1 - Welle, Torsten A1 - Ibisch, Pierre L. T1 - PYROPHOB – A post-fire ecosystem research project to inform management for resilient forest development BT - PYROPHOB – Ein Ökosystemforschungsprojekt auf Waldbrandflächen als Grundlage für das Management einer resilienten Waldentwicklung T2 - Tuexenia N2 - PYROPHOB (fire-resistant) is the name of an interdisciplinary research project that is running for five years from 2020 to 2025. In this project, eight institutions are investigating the ecological effects of wildfires and subsequent forest management strategies in pine forests (plantations) in Brandenburg (NE Germany), with the aim of formulating practical recommendations for managing fire-prone forests and the effective restoration of post-fire forest areas. We provide a brief overview of what is known about the effects of wildfire on abiotic and biotic parameters in temperate pine forests, as well as the effects of silvicultural treatments. To date, we know little about how different components of biodiversity are linked in post-fire forest ecosystems and how management affects their functioning. By describing the project, we illustrate the requirements for the implementation of such an applied research project. We emphasize the importance of the study design for dealing with interdisciplinary questions and for the quantitative synthesis of research results. The project comprises a set of standardised field plots in two wildfire areas covering different post-fire management options. Fifteen study sites were established, including two reference sites in unburned pine stands, each with ten study plots as replicates. In situ nitrogen mineralisation, litter decomposition tests and soil biological activity are used for soil biological characterisation. Microclimate data is measured continuously. Standing and lying dead wood and tree regeneration are recorded as key indicators of the success of forestry treatments. Further methods com-prise terrestrial laser scanning, remote sensing techniques as well as surveys of vegetation and above and below ground biomass. Identification of fruiting body-forming fungi, phytoparasites and ectomycorrhizal fungi is supported by marker gene sequencing. Faunistic indicators comprise predatory soil arthropods (pairs of emergence tents and soil traps), saproxylic beetles (flight traps and funnel traps), moths (automated window traps), mammals (camera traps), and breeding birds (visual and acoustic observation). We discuss the strengths and limitations of the project design. We are able to systematically capture short-term temporal shifts in parameters and trends in post-fire ecosystem development. Research in a real landscape with ongoing environmental changes and interventions pres-ents challenges for experimental design, data analysis and interpretation. The drivers of ecosystem development are rarely completely independent or perfectly balanced, and lack of replication is ine-vitable. The two fires did not occur in the same year and season, resulting in different initial conditions for the colonisation of the burned areas. Finally, a large part of one study area was again affected by a fire in 2022, which destroyed direct comparability with the other sites. Despite these obstacles the project has started to generate valuable results to address management and conservation challenges. Y1 - 2024 U6 - https://doi.org/10.14471/2024.44.004 SN - 0722-494X SN - 2748-3452 VL - 44 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jouy, Florent A1 - Schüle, Maren A1 - Adhikari, Yojana A1 - Binder, Anja A1 - Clerc, Danica A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Heinken, Thilo A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Repmann, Frank A1 - Rönnefarth, Susanne A1 - Schirrmacher, Marina A1 - Schmehl, Marie-Therese A1 - Schröder, Jens A1 - Ibisch, Pierre L. T1 - Factors impacting the variability of post-fire forest regeneration in central European pine plantations T2 - Restoration Ecology N2 - Fire is increasingly posing a risk to forests and plantations, even in the temperate latitudes of central Europe. Little is known about fire ecology in this region, and therefore, appropriate approaches for the management and reforestation of burned sites are mostly lacking. In a Scots pine plantation region in Brandenburg (northeast Germany), the early tree regeneration of two nearby areas that burned 1 year apart was investigated. We observed that 3 years after the fire events, the forest in one study area showed a relatively high regeneration with a mean density of 7765 saplings/ha, clearly dominated by European aspen (93%); whereas the other study area showed a lower mean density of 5061 saplings/ha, dominated by Scots pine (71%) and aspen (15%). Three years after the fires, the difference in aspen density was 11-fold between the two areas. We studied the effects of several variables about soil and environmental properties on the aspen establishment in these two study areas in the second and third years after the fire events. We found that the post-fire aspen regeneration was influenced by several factors, including soil texture, soil disturbance from forest management, volume of deadwood, and browsing. We also discussed that weather conditions during seed production and germination might have played a role in the difference in aspen establishment between the two study areas. We concluded that the post-fire forest regeneration potential in the study region is highly variable and could come under critical pressure as climate change progresses. Y1 - 2025 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/rec.70017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.70017 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Hinz, Christoph A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Lehmkuhl, Frank T1 - Editorial for the Special Issue “Anthropogenic Geomorphology – Geomorphology in the Anthropocene” T2 - Geomorphology Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2022.108528 SN - 0169-555X VL - 422 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Badorreck, Annika A1 - Krümmelbein, Julia A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Long-term effects of deep soil loosening on root distribution and soil physical parameters in compacted lignite mine soils T2 - European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2015, Vienna, Austria, 13 April - 17 May 2015 KW - deep soil loosening KW - lignite mine Y1 - 2015 UR - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2015/EGU2015-14990.pdf N1 - EGU2015-14990 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Bauriegel, Albrecht A1 - Nicolay, Alexander T1 - Junge Böden der Niederlausitz T2 - Brandenburgische Geowissenschaftliche Beiträge N2 - In der Niederlausitz finden sich sehr unterschiedliche Beispiele für junge Bodenbildungen, die oftmals durch menschliche Eingriffe ausgelöst wurden. In dem Beitrag werden neben den jüngsten Bodenentwicklungen auf Bergbaufolgestandorten auch jüngere Böden auf seit dem Mittelalter mit Flugsanden überdeckten Standorten vorgestellt. Obwohl die Genese der auf diesen Flugsanddecken anzutreffenden Böden bereits seit bis zu 1 000 Jahre andauert, sind hier erst Böden der Klasse der Ah/C-Böden entwickelt. Auf den Bergbaufolgestandorten wird versucht, die Bodenbildung durch spezielle Meliorationsmaßnahmen zu fördern. Untersuchungen an diesen besonders jungen Böden lassen gut die Prozesse der initialen Bodenentwicklung erkennen. Y1 - 2015 SN - 0947-1995 VL - 22 IS - 1 SP - 137 EP - 148 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Biemelt, Detlef A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - The artificial water catchment "Chicken Creek" as an observatory for critical zone processes and structures T2 - Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/hessd-6-1769-2009 SN - 1812-2116 VL - 6 IS - 2 SP - 1769 EP - 1795 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Repmann, Frank A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Bodenveränderungen durch Waldbrände – Stoffvorräte und Stoffverlagerungen T2 - Jahrestagung der DBG 2022 "Grenzen überwinden, Skalen überschreiten" 5. - 8. September 2022 in Trier N2 - Die zurückliegenden trocken-heißen Sommer haben im Süden Brandenburgs zu zahlreichen Bränden in den dominierenden Kiefernwäldern geführt, einige davon mit katastrophalen Ausmaßen. Dazu gehören die extremen Brandereignisse 2018 bei Treuenbrietzen sowie 2019 bei Jüterbog und Lieberose, die zusammen weit über 1000 ha Waldfläche zerstört und dabei auch Veränderungen der betroffenen Waldböden verursacht haben. Das seit Mai 2020 von der FNR geförderte Verbundvorhaben Pyrophob befasst sich mit den Auswirkungen von Waldbränden im Süden Brandenburgs auf die Waldökosysteme und mit waldbaulichen Maßnahmen, die mittelfristig zu einer Verringerung der Brandanfälligkeit der Wälder beitragen sollen. Im Rahmen des auf eine fünfjährige Laufzeit ausgelegten Verbundvorhabens finden bodenkundliche Untersuchungen auf zwölf Versuchsflächen bei Treuenbrietzen und Jüterbog statt. An beiden Standorten werden unverbrannte Referenzflächen mit einbezogen. Ergänzend konnten bei Lieberose bereits 2019 nur kurz nach dem Brandgeschehen erste Bodenuntersuchungen durchgeführt werden. Die untersuchten Brandflächen bei Jüterbog und Lieberose sind als Totalreservate ausgewiesen, auf denen auch nach dem Brand waldbauliche Maßnahmen vollständig unterbleiben. Auf den Flächen bei Treuenbrietzen wurden verschiedene Behandlungsvarianten durchgeführt, zu denen auf einem Teil der Flächen die vollständige Entfernung der abgestorbenen Bäume gehörte, während auf anderen Teilflächen Totholz auf der Fläche verblieb. Ziel der bodenkundlichen Arbeiten in Pyrophob ist zum einen eine Charakterisierung der direkten Auswirkungen des Brandes auf Humus und Mineralboden hinsichtlich des Stoffbestandes und bodenbiologischer Prozesse. Zum anderen wird der Stoffaustrag aus dem Oberboden erfasst. Der etwaige Einfluss der unterschiedlichen waldbaulichen Vorgehensweise auf die Bodenverhältnisse wird dabei als ein Indikator für die Auswahl geeigneter Maßnahmen berücksichtigt. In den verschiedenen Untersuchungsvarianten des Vorhabens wurden zu diesem Zweck Humus- und Mineralbodenprofile untersucht. Zudem wurden Mischproben aus dem Ober- und Unterboden entnommen und auf ihren Stoffhaushalt hin analysiert. Auf jeder Untersuchungsfläche wurden je drei frei dränende Kleinlysimeter in 10 cm Bodentiefe installiert, um die zeitlichen Veränderungen der Sickerwasserzusammensetzung und die durch den Brand initiierten Stoffausträge aus dem Oberboden zu quantifizieren. Ergänzend finden Untersuchungen zu möglichen Auswirkungen der Brände auf bodenbiologische Prozesse wie Streuabbau und Stickstoffmineralisation statt. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.dbges.de/de/system/files/Trier2022/programmheft-dbg_2022_ou_17052022_lores.pdf SP - 48 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Rodionov, Andrei A1 - Nii-Annang, Seth A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Trimborn, Manfred A1 - Schillem, Steffi A1 - Schneider, Bernd Uwe A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Impacts of Soil Additives on Crop Yield and C-Sequestration in Post Mine Substrates of Lusatia, Germany T2 - Pedosphere Y1 - 2012 SN - 1002-0160 VL - 22 IS - 3 SP - 343 EP - 350 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Schillem, Steffi A1 - Asch, Folkard A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Bestajovsky, Jürgen A1 - Bruns, Christian A1 - Gattinger, Andreas A1 - Hattig, Tom A1 - Hoogen, Heiner A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Rodionov, Andrei A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Schneider, Bernd Uwe A1 - Trimborn, Manfred ED - Hüttl, Reinhard F. ED - Gerwin, Werner T1 - Bodenmelioration und Anbauverfahren für trockenheitsgefährdete Standorte (BAtroS) Y1 - 2011 SN - 978-3-937728-14-8 PB - FZLB CY - Cottbus ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Dimitrov, M. T1 - Interactions between surface structures, runoff and erosion in an artificial watershed during the initial ecosystem development T2 - EGU General Assembly 2009, Vienna, Austria, 19 – 24 April 2009 Y1 - 2009 N1 - EGU2009-1406 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Rißmann, Cornelia A1 - Elmer, Michael A1 - Hohberg, Karin A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Xylander, Willi E. R. ED - Holzheu, Stefan ED - Thies, B. T1 - Trophic structure and complexity of early soil food webs in a post mining area in Lower Lusatia T2 - Dimensions of ecology - from global change to molecular ecology, (GfÖ) 39th annual conference, University of Bayreuth, 14th - 18th September 2009 Y1 - 2009 SP - S. 112 PB - Bayreuther Zentrum für Ökologie und Umweltforschung (BayCEER) Selbstverlag CY - Bayreuth ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Rißmann, Cornelia A1 - Elmer, Michael A1 - Hohberg, Karin A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Xylander, Willi E. R. ED - Holzheu, Stefan ED - Thies, B. T1 - How does the complexity of the food web affect trophic interactions? T2 - Dimensions of ecology - from global change to molecular ecology, (GfÖ) 39th annual conference, University of Bayreuth, 14th - 18th September 2009 Y1 - 2009 SP - S. 111 PB - Bayreuther Zentrum für Ökologie und Umweltforschung (BayCEER) Selbstverlag CY - Bayreuth ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmehl, Marie-Therese A1 - Adhikari, Yojana A1 - Balthasar, Cathrina A1 - Binder, Anja A1 - Clerc, Danica A1 - Dobkowitz, Sophia A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Günther, Kristin A1 - Hartong, Heinrich A1 - Heinken, Thilo A1 - Hess, Carsten A1 - Ibisch, Pierre L. A1 - Jouy, Florent A1 - Leinen, Loretta A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Repmann, Frank A1 - Rönnefarth, Susanne A1 - Rohlfs, Lilly A1 - Schirrmacher, Marina A1 - Schröder, Jens A1 - Schüle, Maren A1 - Vieth-Hillebrand, Andrea A1 - Francke, Till T1 - Monitoring abiotic and biotic parameters of forest regrowth under different management regimes on former wildfire sites in northeastern Germany – data from the PYROPHOB project T2 - Earth system science data N2 - We present the data recorded by eight institutions within the PYROPHOB project, running from 2020 to 2024 at two forest research sites in the south-west of Brandenburg, Germany. The aim of the project was to monitor abiotic and biotic parameters of forest regrowth under different management regimes on former wildfire sites in northeastern Germany. The observations comprised intermittent and continuous measurements or surveys on meteorological parameters (rainfall, temperature, vapour pressure deficit), soil (soil type and texture, soil chemistry and leaching, water content, soil temperature), deadwood, stand structure, vegetation regrowth, abundance of selected fauna (moths, beetles, mammals), UAV-based remote sensing (stand structure, spatial overview), and photo monitoring (succession). Thus, the multitude of collected data allows not only for detailed analyses of these observables separately, but also considering their interaction for a more multidisciplinary view on forest recovery after a wildfire. The data are available under the following DOIs: https://doi.org/10.23728/b2share.08a6a8b56f774a08a984871e7ef1b5a8 (Part 1, Schmehl et al., 2025a), under embargo until 31 March 2026 (Part 2, Schmehl et al., 2025b), https://doi.org/10.23728/b2share.de1661761da5481f938caf460e4f0ca9 (Part 3.1, Schmehl et al., 2025c), and https://doi.org/10.23728/b2share.51bdf4b6dc854873b6ff44fdddbf4c3b (Part 3.2, Schmehl et al., 2025d). Y1 - 2025 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-6295-2025 SN - 1866-3516 VL - 17 IS - 11 SP - 6295 EP - 6313 PB - Copernicus GmbH CY - Göttingen ER -