TY - GEN A1 - Biber, Peter A1 - Seifert, Stefan A1 - Zaplata, Markus K. A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Pretzsch, Hans A1 - Fischer, Anton T1 - Relationships between substrate, surface characteristics, and vegetation in an initial ecosystem T2 - Biogeosciences N2 - We investigated surface and vegetation dynamics in the artificial initial ecosystem “Chicken Creek” (Lusatia, Germany) in the years 2006–2011 across a wide spectrum of empirical data. We scrutinized three overarching hypotheses concerning (1) the relations between initial geomorphological and substrate characteristics with surface structure and terrain properties, (2) the effects of the latter on the occurrence of grouped plant species, and (3) vegetation density effects on terrain surface change. Our data comprise and conflate annual vegetation monitoring results, biennial terrestrial laser scans (starting in 2008), annual groundwater levels, and initially measured soil characteristics. The empirical evidence mostly confirms the hypotheses, revealing statistically significant relations for several goal variables: (1) the surface structure properties, local rill density, local relief energy and terrain surface height change; (2) the cover of different plant groups (annual, herbaceous, grass-like, woody, Fabaceae), and local vegetation height; and (3) terrain surface height change showed significant time-dependent relations with a variable that proxies local plant biomass. Additionally, period specific effects (like a calendar-year optimum effect for the occurrence of Fabaceae) were proven. Further and beyond the hypotheses, our findings on the spatiotemporal dynamics during the system’s early development grasp processes which generally mark the transition from a geo-hydro-system towards a bio-geo-hydro system (weakening geomorphology effects on substrate surface dynamics, while vegetation effects intensify with time), where pure geomorphology or substrate feedbacks are changing into vegetation–substrate feedback processes. Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-8283-2013 VL - 10 SP - 8283 EP - 8303 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Experiences with liming in European countries - results of long-term experiments T2 - Journal of Forest Science Y1 - 2006 VL - 52 IS - Special Issue SP - 35 EP - 44 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nsiah, Paul Kofi A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang T1 - The potentials of biological geotextiles in erosion and sediment control during gold mine reclamation in Ghana T2 - Journal of Soils and Sediments N2 - Purpose Soil erosion is a significant environmental impact of surface mining affecting the initial establishment of vegetation, especially on steep slopes, during reclamation. Consequently, we investigated the potentials of biological geotextiles constructed from two local plants, Pennisetum purpureum and Broussonetia papyrifera, in reducing erosion and sedimentation during reclamation at Newmont Ghana Gold Limited. Materials and methods Six experimental plots were constructed on a 33% slope waste rock, covered with a 70-cm layer of stockpiled subsoil. Concrete gutters, lined with silt fence, were installed at the lower end of each plot to collect eroded sediment. The two kinds of biological geotextiles, BYork^ mat and elephant grass mat, were used with bare ground as control in a randomized block design with two replicates each. Data on sediment yield was collected after each substantial rainfall. The performance of each geotextile in reducing soil loss was expressed as a percentage from the mean total sediment yield. Results and discussion With total precipitation of 306 mm in the period April 18, to July 4, 2016, both elephant grass mat and York mat significantly (p < 0.05) reduced soil loss by 56.6% and 97.3%, respectively, compared to the control, indicating both mats were effective in erosion and sediment control. The relatively high performance of York mat was mainly attributed to its more fibers that provided less surface cover (70%) as well as flexibility of the fibers which enabled the mat to absorb more water during rainfall thus increasing its weight. This increase in weight promoted better drapability, with better erosion and sediment control. Gully formations at the site were primarily due to high concentrated runoff flows from the top of reclaiming benches, with time delays between completion of earthworks, geotextile placement, and seeding of plants as predisposing factors. Conclusions The York mat (YM) and the elephant grass mat (EM) individually acted as cover and protected the highly erodible graded mine slope against the erosive forces of tropical rain and runoff until vegetation establishment. Even so, planning and coordinating the reclamation program such that all earthworks are completed at the end of the dry season to enable geotextile installation and plant seeding at the onset of rains, together with installation of temporary slope drains in preventing gully formations from concentrated runoff flows, are considered to contribute significantly to the general reclamation success at Newmont Ghana Gold Limited (NGGL) and similar mine sites. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-018-2217-7 SN - 1614-7480 SN - 1439-0108 VL - 19 IS - 4 SP - 1995 EP - 2006 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Winter, Susanne A1 - Zaplata, Markus K. A1 - Rzanny, Michael A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Fischer, Anton A1 - Ulrich, Werner T1 - Increasing ecological multifunctionality during early plant succession T2 - Plant Ecology N2 - Ecological multifunctionality quantifies the functional performance of various important plant traits and increases with growing structural habitat heterogeneity, number of plant functional traits, and species richness. However, the successional changes in multifunctionality have not been traced so far. We use quantitative plant samples of 1 m2 plots from the first 6 years of initial vegetation dynamics in a German created catchment to infer the temporal changes in plant functional trait space and multifunctionality. Multifunctionality at the plot level was in all study years lower than expected from a random sample of the local pool of potential colonizers and was lowest at intermediate states of succession. In each year species containing a specific set of traits occurred with limited but focused functionality. The observed average low degree of multifunctionality contrasts with recent models predicting a tendency towards maximum multifunctionality during plant community development. However, variability in multifunctionality among plots increased during succession and the respective multifunctionality distribution among plots was increasingly right skewed indicating an excess of plots with relatively high multifunctionality. This relative excess of plots with high multifunctionality might act as an important trigger of community development paving the way for new species and functions to become established. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11258-019-00930-3 SN - 1573-5052 VL - 220 IS - 4-5 SP - 499 EP - 509 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nsiah, Paul Kofi A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang T1 - Subsoil Amendment With Poultry Manure as Topsoil Substitute for Promoting Successful Reclamation of Degraded Mine Sites in Ghana T2 - Journal of Natural Resources and Development N2 - Background: Despite the key role topsoil plays in reclamation, there are situations where topsoil is in deficit or unavailable, especially at degraded and abandoned mine sites in Ghana. The sites pose serious ecological and safety risks, underscoring the urgent need to finding alternative substrate for restoration. This study investigated the feasibility of using amended-subsoil as topsoil substitute for reclamation. The hypothesis was that amendment of stockpiled-subsoil with poultry manure positively influences tree growth and ground vegetation cover (GVC), which promote better soil stabilization at degraded mine sites. A graded waste-rock dump was covered with a 70 cm layer of the stockpiled subsoil at Newmont Ghana Gold Limited. Two experimental plots (24 × 15 m) were established with the treatments poultry manure (PLM 23 t ha-1) and control (no PLM), followed by seeding of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) and planting of potted-seedlings of five forest tree species. The Laser-point-quadrat method was used to estimate GVC, whereas erosion was visually observed. Diameter and height data of planted trees and surviving numbers were collected. Results: There was significant increase in tree growth and in GVC for the poultry manure treatment compared to the control. The manure provided sufficient nitrogen to overcome nitrogen deficiency and facilitated quicker and stronger vegetation growth that yielded superior soil stabilization. Conclusions: The findings demonstrate the potential of manure application in promoting successful restoration of the many degraded and abandoned mine sites in Ghana to productive uses. Y1 - 2020 SN - 0719-2452 VL - 10 SP - 1 EP - 12 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Moghadas, Davood A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Badorreck, Annika A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - A web-based platform for terrestrial data repository from Chicken Creek catchment T2 - Earth Science Informatics N2 - Exploring hydrological and ecological processes plays a key role in understanding ecosystem developments. In this respect, the constructed catchment, Chicken Creek, has been established for fundamental and interdisciplinary scientific research. Since 2005, an ongoing monitoring program has been launched to measure hydrological, biological, meteorological, and pedological parameters during the ecological development of the site. This comprehensive and multidisciplinary monitoring program has produced a diverse large data set. Handling such complex data for research purposes can be a cumbersome task. Consequently, we developed an online data portal (https://www.b-tu.de/chicken-creek/apps/datenportal/) to efficiently handle the data from Chicken Creek catchment. The portal was constructed using Shiny package of the R programming language. This platform provides a web-based data repository allowing for data discovery, download, visualization, and analysis. The data include time series of different parameters from installed sensors, data from laboratory analyses, vegetation data, data from sampling campaigns, and aerial photos. This platform demonstrates the relevancy and potentiality of the R-Shiny for constructing an online data portal to be used for multidisciplinary scientific purposes. The Chicken Creek data portal thus provides a comprehensive and reliable database to give scientists a fast and easy access to all collected data. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s12145-019-00385-0 SN - 1865-0481 VL - 12 IS - 4 SP - 671 EP - 684 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kwak, Jin-Hyeob A1 - Chang, Scott X. A1 - Naeth, M. Anne A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang T1 - Coarse woody debris effects on greenhouse gas emission rates depend on cover soil type in oil sands reclamation T2 - Applied Soil Ecology N2 - Peat mineral soil mix (PMM) and forest floor mineral soil mix (FMM) are cover soils commonly used for land reclamation, while coarse woody debris (CWD) can be added to create structural diversity and provide an additional source of organic matter. However, the effect of cover soil type and CWD on emission rates of greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide (CO₂) methane (CH₄) and nitrous oxide (N₂O) in reclaimed oil sands soils has not been studied. Soil respiration, CH₄ uptake and N₂O emission rates were studied in a factorial experiment consisting of 2 cover soils (FMM vs PMM) × 2 sampling distances from the CWD (near vs away from CWD). Greenhouse gas emission rates were measured in July, August, and September 2012 and 2013 using static chambers. Soil respiration rates were greater in FMM than in PMM regardless of the distance from CWD at each sampling time (p < 0.05). Rates ranged from 461 to 1148 and 293 to 677 mg CO2 m⁻²h⁻¹for FMM and PMM, respectively, in 2012, and from 355 to 1318 and 235 to 700 mg CO2 m⁻²h⁻¹, respectively, in 2013. The CWD increased soil respiration by 22–33% in FMM but not in PMM. Soil respiration rates were positively related to microbial biomass carbon (p = 0.004) and nitrogen (p < 0.001). Soil respiration rates decreased from July to September in 2012 and 2013, and were positively related to soil temperature (p < 0.01) but not with soil water content measured at 5 cm depth. Methane uptake rates were greater in FMM (0.026–0.037) than in PMM (0.015–0.028 mg CH₄⁻²h⁻¹. The CWD increased CH4 uptake rates only in July and August 2012 in FMM, and were negatively related to soil water content (p < 0.001) but not to soil temperature. Nitrous oxide emission rates (0.001–0.016 mg N₂O m⁻²h⁻¹) were not affected by either cover soil type or CWD. Global warming potential of CO₂, CH₄ and N₂O effluxes was greater in FMM than in PMM and near CWD than away from CWD, especially in FMM. Our study demonstrates that applying CWD for oil sands reclamation increases organic matter decomposition (increased CO₂ evolution), driven by the effect on microbial populations. Results from this study provide support to findings in earlier studies that CWD application benefits vegetation establishment through enhancing soil processes in reclaimed oil sands lands. Y1 - 2016 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2015.12.006 SN - 0929-1393 VL - 100 SP - 124 EP - 134 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Chabbi, Abad A1 - Sebilo, Mathieu A1 - Rumpel, Cornelia A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Mariotti, André T1 - Origin of Nitrogen in Reforested Lignite-Rich Mine Soils Revealed by Stable Isotope Analysis T2 - Environmental Science & Technology Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/es702377k SN - 1520-5851 VL - 42 IS - 8 SP - 2787 EP - 2792 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Papritz, Andreas A1 - Dümig, Alexander A1 - Zimmermann, Claudia A1 - Gerke, Horst H. A1 - Felderer, Bernd A1 - Kögel-Knabner, Ingrid A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Schulin, Rainer T1 - Uncertainty of variance component estimates in nested sampling: a case study on the field-scale spatial variability of a restored soil T2 - European Journal of Soil Science Y1 - 2011 SN - 1365-2389 VL - 62 IS - 3 SP - 479 EP - 495 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Elmer, Michael A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Zaplata, Markus K. A1 - Hohberg, Karin A1 - Nenov, Rossen A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Dynamics of initial ecosystem development at the artificial catchment Chicken Creek, Lusatia, Germany T2 - Environmental Earth Sciences KW - ecosystem development Y1 - 2013 SN - 1866-6299 VL - 69 IS - 2 SP - 491 EP - 505 ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Schillem, Steffi A1 - Asch, Folkard A1 - Bens, Oliver A1 - Bestajovsky, Jürgen A1 - Bruns, Christian A1 - Gattinger, Andreas A1 - Hattig, Tom A1 - Hoogen, Heiner A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Rodionov, Andrei A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Schneider, Bernd Uwe A1 - Trimborn, Manfred ED - Hüttl, Reinhard F. ED - Gerwin, Werner T1 - Bodenmelioration und Anbauverfahren für trockenheitsgefährdete Standorte (BAtroS) Y1 - 2011 SN - 978-3-937728-14-8 PB - FZLB CY - Cottbus ER - TY - GEN A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Dominik, R. A1 - Dimitrov, M. A1 - Fischer, Annette A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang ED - Stadler, Jutta ED - Schöppe, Felix ED - Frenzel, Mark T1 - Novel drone-based system for ecosystem monitoring - application, analysis and interpretation T2 - EURECO-GFOE 2008, Proceedings Y1 - 2008 SN - 978-3-00-025522-9 SP - S. 809 PB - Gesellschaft für Ökologie CY - Berlin ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang T1 - Potentials of marginal lands - spontaneous ecosystem development T2 - European Geosciences Union General Assembly 2017 Vienna, Austria, 23–28 April 2017 N2 - Marginal lands are often considered as unfertile and not productive. They are widely excluded from modern land use by conventional agriculture. Assessment of soil fertility usually shows very low productivity potentials at least for growing traditional crops. However, it can be frequently observed that natural succession at different types of marginal lands leads to very diverse and nonetheless productive ecosystems. Examples can be found at abandoned former industrial or transportation sites which were set aside and not further maintained – and also in post-mining landscapes. In one of the lignite open cast mines of the State of Brandenburg in Eastern Germany a landscape observatory was established in 2005 for observing this natural ecosystem development under marginal site conditions. The site of 6 ha is part of the post-mining landscapes of Lusatia which are often characterized by poor soil conditions and clearly reduced soil fertility. It is named “Hühnerwasser-Quellgebiet” (Chicken Creek Catchment) after a small stream that is restored again after destruction by the mining operations. It is planned to serve as the headwater of this stream and was left to an unrestricted primary succession. A comprehensive scientific monitoring program is carried out since the start of ecosystem development in 2005. The results offer exemplary insights into the establishment of interaction networks between the developing ecosystem compartments. After 10 years a large biodiversity, expressed by a high number of species, can be found at this site as the result of natural recovery processes. A large number of both tree species and individuals have settled here. Even if no economic use of the site and of the woody biomass produced by these trees is planned, an overall assessment of the biomass production was carried out. The results showed that the biomass production from natural succession without any application of fertilizers etc. is directly comparable with yields from adjacent post-mining sites where trees are grown in agroforestry systems for bioenergy production. This reflects the general potentials of marginal lands with regard to biomass production. Y1 - 2017 UR - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2017/EGU2017-6583-1.pdf N1 - EGU2017-6583-1 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - GEN A1 - Badorreck, Annika A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Moghadas, Davood A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Long-term monitoring program at the constructed catchment "Chicken Creek" T2 - Geophysical Research Abstracts N2 - Ecosystems are characterized by high complexity and are dynamically changing by abiotic and biotic drivers such as climate, vegetation and soil fauna. Due to feedback processes between compartments, ecosystems show an inherent degree of locally heterogeneous properties and structures at multiple spatial and temporal scales. The constructed catchment “Chicken Creek” represents a unique and outstanding site to study an ecosystem at the initial stage of development. The catchment is located about 20 km south of the city of Cottbus (Germany). The 6-ha catchment area was built in 2005 of coarse-textured quaternary sediments from the adjacent lignite mine and forms a back- and foot-slope that flattens out to a pond. A clay liner of 2-3 m thickness seals the catchment at the bottom, allowing for the formation of a local water body fed by precipitation. After construction the site was left to an unrestricted and unmanaged succession to elucidate the role of structures und processes during the initial establishment of an ecosystem. To study processes of ecosystem development and newly emerging structures the Chicken Creek catchment is equipped with a comprehensive ecological monitoring network. A network of more than 40 wells and two weirs allow for recording groundwater levels, surface runoff and discharge. Meteorological parameters are recorded at three weather stations. Annual aerial photos and vegetation monitoring reveal the floral colonisation of the area. Here, we present the 12 years of diverse and extensive monitoring program which has been launched to measure hydrological, biological, meteorological, and pedological parameters during the ecological development of the catchment area. Y1 - 2019 UR - https://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2019/EGU2019-5038.pdf VL - 21 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang T1 - Dynamic interactions between abiotic and biotic ecosystem compartments - case study Huehnerwasser landscape observatory T2 - Geophysical Research Abstracts N2 - The Huehnerwasser catchment was constructed 2004-2005 in a post-mining landscape in Eastern Germany and was left for an unmanaged primary ecosystem succession. At the same time a comprehensive monitoring program was launched for observing the expected dynamic development of this 6 ha site. During the following years this artificially created system was subject to a series of fast changes with regard to morphology, hydrology or vegetation cover. In summary, these processes resulted in significant alterations of the original, initial system within a short period of time. This development can be divided up into single phases with dominating processes or groups of processes. A first phase was mainly characterized by interactions between abiotic system components such as water and substrate. However, already in this very early developmental phase biotic components in the form of microorganisms were a crucial system forming factor by means of biological soil crusts. This period was quickly replaced by a second phase with dominating hydrological processes. During this phase the local groundwater body of the system developed to its full extent. With the beginning of the present phase biota gained control of the system behavior. Particularly plants and related processes such as water uptake and evapotranspiration are now responsible for new modifications of the system. The Huehnerwasser site offers an example of young and highly dynamic ecological systems. This transitional development of a very young ecosystem contrasts with the behavior of mature ecosystems with slow and less pronounced changes unless the system is disturbed. In this paper we present insights into a unique landscape observatory which illustrates the dynamic nature of natural systems in fast motion. Y1 - 2019 UR - https://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2019/EGU2019-4207.pdf VL - 21 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - 15 years of ecosystem development at Chicken Creek catchment: conceptual framework, surprises and conclusions T2 - Geophysical Research Abstracts N2 - After completion of the construction in 2005 (Gerwin et al. 2009), a major challenge was to develop and install a cross-disciplinary long-term monitoring program for the 6 ha area to record major environmental parameters adapted to the development of the site (Schaaf et al. 2013). During its first 15 years, Chicken Creek showed a very dynamic development (Elmer et al 2013). Whereas the abiotic geosystem of the first 2-3 years was characterized by heavy erosion and sediment transport, primary succession by invading vegetation and the unexpected formation of soil crusts within few years resulted in more biotic-abiotic feedbacks that controlled catchment hydrology. Our observations over a period of 15 years indicate that even minor variations in initial substrate characteristics (e.g. texture) can have lasting impacts on geomorphical, hydrological and biological development like erosion intensity, groundwater levels or establishment of vegetation patterns. The time-series of monitoring data combined with a structure model of the catchment (Gerke et al. 2013) allowed the closure of the water balance by relatively simple calculations of water storage volumes and the estimation of evapotranspiration (Schaaf et al. 2017). From these data three stages of ecosystem development were derived which are characterized by increasing influence of biota and increasing system complexity. Y1 - 2019 UR - https://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2019/EGU2019-1864.pdf VL - 21 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Badorreck, Annika T1 - Adaptation strategies to monitor the catchment dynamics at 'Chicken Creek' T2 - European Geosciences Union General Assembly 2017 Vienna, Austria, 23–28 April 2017 N2 - The Chicken Creek catchment was constructed in 2005 to study ecosystem development of an initial ecosystem at the landscape scale. The site has an area of 6 ha with defined boundary conditions and known inner structures. Since more than 10 years, we are monitoring the unrestricted development of different system compartments. The fast development, the formation of patterns and increasing heterogeneity were challenges for the monitoring program. Starting with a regular 20 x 20 m grid in the initially homogeneous system, monitoring installations were continuously complemented by more pattern and patch oriented measurements in order to catch up with both the spatial and temporal dynamics of the catchment. The monitoring program includes both high-resolution temporal recordings (e.g. groundwater levels, discharge, meteorological data, soil moisture), spatial sampling campaigns (e.g. soil properties) and annual vegetation surveys. In addition, we use drone images to document the site development. The presentation describes the monitoring approach and adaptation with examples from vegetation, soil and hydrological data at different spatial and temporal scales. Y1 - 2017 UR - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2017/EGU2017-4384.pdf N1 - EGU2017-4384 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. ED - Ukonmaanaho, Liisa ED - Nieminen, Tiina Maileena ED - Starr, Michael T1 - The artificial catchment 'Chicken Creek' ('Hühnerwasser') as a tool for understanding the interactions of processes and structures of initial ecosystem development T2 - 6th International Symposium on Ecosystem Behaviour BIOGEOMON 2009 Y1 - 2009 UR - http://www.metla.fi/julkaisut/workingpapers/2009/mwp128.pdf SN - 978-951-40-2177-0 SP - S. 332 PB - Finnish Forest Research Institute CY - Vantaa, Finland ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang T1 - An ecosystem approach to evaluate restoration measures in the lignite mining district of Lusatia/Germany T2 - European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2015, Vienna, Austria, 13 April - 17 May 2015 KW - restoration measures KW - lingite mining Y1 - 2015 UR - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2015/EGU2015-8693.pdf N1 - EGU2015-8693 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Gerwin, Werner A1 - Kögel-Knabner, Ingrid A1 - Gerke, Horst H. A1 - Schulin, Rainer A1 - Schloter, Michael A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Point zero: the missing link in initial soil formation concepts T2 - EGU General Assembly 2009, Vienna, Austria, 19 – 24 April 2009 Y1 - 2009 N1 - EGU2009-8310 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Zimmermann, Claudia A1 - Dümig, Alexander A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Kögel-Knabner, Ingrid T1 - Heterogeneity of chemical and physical soil properties of an artificial catchment during initial soil formation T2 - EGU General Assembly 2009, Vienna, Austria, 19 – 24 April 2009 Y1 - 2009 N1 - EGU2009-11278 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Zimmermann, Claudia A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang T1 - Characterization of interactions between solid and liquid phase in the initial ecosystem development T2 - Structures and processes of the initial ecosystem development, 1st International Conference assoc. with 4th Meeting of Young Researchers in Earth Sciences (MYRES), 20-24 Sept. 2010, Cottbus, Germany Y1 - 2010 SP - S. 145 PB - BTU CY - Cottbus ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Hagedorn, Frank A1 - Zönnchen, Claudia A1 - Gülland, Kathi ED - Hüttl, Reinhard F. ED - Kögel-Knabner, Ingrid ED - Schulin, Rainer ED - Gerwin, Werner T1 - Project A2 – Interactions between soil solution and mineral surfaces: significance for initial element cycling T2 - Structures and processes of the initial ecosystem development phase in an artificial water catchment (Final report CRC/TR 38) Y1 - 2013 SP - 11 EP - 24 PB - BTU, Forschungszentrum Landschaftsentwicklung und Bergbaulandschaften (FZLB) CY - Cottbus ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang T1 - Soil solution composition and element cycling as indicators of ecosystem development along a chronosequence of post-lignite mining sites in Lusatia/Germany Y1 - 1998 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Gerke, Horst H. A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Effects of local soil chemical and hydraulic nonequilibria on element budgets of disturbed sites N2 - Verlagsort: Bangkok/Thailand Y1 - 2002 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Soil chemistry and tree nutrition of post-lignite-mining sites KW - Scots pine KW - Pinus nigra KW - Pinus sylvestris KW - pyrite KW - amelioration KW - heterogeneity KW - pedogenesis Y1 - 2005 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Einecke, Markus A1 - Gerke, Horst H. A1 - Schaaf, Wolfgang A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Spatial structures and distribution of soil hydraulic properties of a lignitic mine soil T2 - Water and organic matter in anthropogenic soils, dynamics and processes, Berlin 2 - 4 April, 2003 Y1 - 2003 PB - Technical University for Water in Urban Areas CY - Berlin ER -