TY - CHAP A1 - Błaszkiewicz, Mirosław A1 - Brademann, Brian A1 - Brauer, Achim A1 - Brykała, Dariusz A1 - Degórski, Marek A1 - Froehlich, Wojciech A1 - Gierszewski, Piotr A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Kaczmarek, Halina A1 - Kordowski, Jarosław A1 - Kramkowski, Mateusz A1 - Krzymińska, Jarmila A1 - Lamparski, Piotr A1 - Lutyńska, Monika A1 - Mirosław-Grabowska, Joanna A1 - Nicolay, Alexander A1 - Noryśkiewicz, Agnieszka M. A1 - Noryśkiewicz, Bożena A1 - Obremska, Milena A1 - Ott, Florian A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Schwab, Markus T1 - Introduction to ICLEA fieldtrips – Stara Kiszewa 2013 T2 - 2nd Annual ICLEA Workshop 2013, Dynamics of climate and landscape evolution of cultural landscapes in the Northern Central European Lowlands since the last ice age, Abstract volume & Excursion guide Y1 - 2013 U6 - https://doi.org/10.2312/GFZ.b103-13047 N1 - 4 weitere Verfasser SP - 53 EP - 67 PB - Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ CY - Potsdam ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Raab, Alexandra ED - Offenhäußer, Dieter ED - Zimmerli, Walther Ch. ED - Albert, Marie-Theres T1 - Impacts of Early Land Use and Mining on River Landscapes T2 - World Heritage and Cultural Diversity Y1 - 2010 UR - http://www.unesco.de/infothek/publikationen/publikationsverzeichnis/world-heritage-and-cultural-diversity.html SN - 978-3-940785-20-6 SP - 252 EP - 259 PB - German Commission for UNESCO CY - Bonn ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bönisch, Eberhard A1 - Rösler, Horst A1 - Schopper, Franz A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Raab, Alexandra T1 - Pre-industrial charcoal production in southern Brandenburg - A landscape laboratory for studies on the fate of terrestrial organic carbon T2 - EGU General Assembly 2010, held Vienna, Austria, 02 – 07 May 2010 Y1 - 2010 UR - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2010/EGU2010-13387.pdf N1 - EGU2010-13387 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Takla, Melanie A1 - Nicolay, Alexander A1 - Bonhage, Alexander A1 - Bauriegel, Albrecht A1 - Rösler, Horst T1 - Landnutzungsgeschichte und historische Landschaftsentwicklung in der Niederlausitz – Neue Befunde und aktuelle Forschung T2 - Jahrestagung Arbeitskreis Geoarchäologie, Tübingen, 4. Mai bis 7. Mai 2016 N2 - Seit 2010 untersucht eine interdisziplinäre Forschergruppe der BTU, des BLDAM und des LBGR die Landnutzungsgeschichte sowie die natürliche und anthropogen induzierte Landschaftsentwicklung in der Niederlausitz, Brandenburg. Systematische archäologische Grabungen des BLDAM im Vorfeld der laufenden Tagebaue sind eine wichtige Grundlage für geopedologische Untersuchungen. Die Arbeiten hatten zunächst ihren räumlichen Schwerpunkt in den Braunkohletagebauen nordöstlich von Cottbus (Tgb. Cottbus Nord, Tgb. Jänschwalde) und wurden dann ausgedehnt auf weitere Forstflächen nördlich von Peitz. Wir geben einen Überblick über die wichtigsten Erkenntnisse der letzten Jahre, präsentieren aktuelle Ergebnisse und zeigen zukünftige Forschungsfelder auf. Im Tagebau Jänschwalde sind zwischenzeitlich mehr als 1000 Relikte von Holzkohlmeilern (HKM) als Zeugen einer intensiven historischen Holznutzung archäologisch dokumentiert. Mit Stand Januar 2016 liegen Dendroalter von 64 HKM vor. Die Alter schwanken zwischen dem ausgehenden 16. Jahrhundert und der Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts, was in etwa dem Betriebszeitraum des Hüttenwerks in Peitz entspricht. Die Mehrzahl der Meiler datiert auf den Beginn des 18. Jahrhunderts. Weitere Hinterlassenschaften der historischen Landnutzung sind u.a. Wölbäcker und begrabene Ackerböden. Fossile Böden und ehemalige Landoberflächen sind stellenweise mit äolischen Sedimenten überdeckt. 14C- und OSL-Datierungen an diesen Böden und Sedimenten lassen auf eine Intensivierung der äolischen Aktivität zur slawischen Zeit und im Deutschen Mittelalter schließen. Einige Relikte von HKM sind mit Sand überweht worden, und an einer Stelle konnte das Alter dieser äolischen Sedimentation mittels Dendrodatierung des begrabenen Meilers auf1850 oder jünger bestimmt werden. Allerdings stellt dies die Ausnahme dar. Der weitaus größere Teil der HKM-Relikte liegt direkt an der Oberfläche und ist nicht begraben, was auf eine sehr geringe Winderosion in der Neuzeit schließen lässt. Seit 2015 konnte im Rahmen des DFG-Projekts „Räumliche und zeitliche Dimension der historischen Köhlerei im Tauerschen Forst (Niederlausitz, Brandenburg). Ein Beitrag zur Kulturlandschaftsentwicklung des Norddeutschen Tieflands“ (Az RA 1129/3-1; RA 931/6-1) ein weiteres Gebiet mit hoher HKM-Dichte untersucht werden. Erste Auswertungen der LiDAR-Daten ergeben eine Anzahl von 4449 ehemaligen Meilerstandorten im Tauerschen Forst. 26 Meilerstellen sind beprobt, die Dendroalter hierzu sind in Bearbeitung. Ebenfalls in jüngerer Zeit fanden Untersuchungen zur Verbreitung von HKM-Relikten für das gesamte Land Brandenburg statt. Mit Hilfe eines binären Modells wurden Gebiete mit hoher Wahrscheinlichkeit von HKM-Standorten detektiert. Im Rahmen des im November 2016 beginnenden DFG-Projekts „Die historische Köhlerei in Brandenburg - Analyse der räumlichen Dimension und der Effekte auf bodenhydraulische Eigenschaften“ (SCHN 1349/1-1) sollen nun neben der Verbreitung der historischen Köhlerei auch bodenrelevante Auswirkungen beschrieben und bewertet werden. Y1 - 2016 UR - https://akgeoarchaeologie.de/de/180 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Rösler, Horst A1 - Takla, Melanie A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Ritschl, Bosse A1 - Raab, Thomas ED - Schopper, Franz ED - Bönisch, Eberhard T1 - Geophysikalische Prospektion und Mikrodrohnenbefliegungen zur Dokumentation von Meilerplätzen in der Jänschwalder Heide T2 - Ausgrabungen im Niederlausitzer Braunkohlerevier 2013/2014 Y1 - 2016 SN - 978-3-910011-79-3 SP - 145 EP - 154 PB - Brandenburgisches LAndesamt für Denkmalpflege und Archäologisches Landesmuseum CY - Zossen OT Wünsdorf ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Takla, Melanie A1 - Nicolay, Alexander A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Rösler, Horst T1 - Integrative Application of Traditional and Cutting-Edge Techniques to Reconstruct Holocene Earth Surface Processes and Landscape Dynamics - A Case Study from the Northern German Lowland T2 - AGU Joint Assembly, Montreal, 2015, abstracts listing N2 - This study outlines the opportunities to reconstruct Holocene landscape dynamics in active opencast lignite mines in southern Brandenburg (Germany). Studies on extensive outcrops that address geomorphology, pedology and archaeology provide unique insights into human-induced environmental changes. Our approach uses a variety of traditional and cutting-edge techniques to characterize small-scale landforms (high-resolution DEMs by micro-drone and LiDAR), to analyze soils and substrate properties in the field (GPR, ERT, geomagnetics, Field Portable XRF and XRD) and to provide chronological information (OSL, 14C, tree-ring dating). This approach is combined with a GIS for data integration. We present the most recent results and review important findings from the last several years. Studies conducted in the opencast mines focus on soil development and Late Quaternary geomorphodynamics and as well as past land use and the legacy of agriculture and woodland use. Our results regarding the human-induced geomorphodynamics are similar to those in other regions in Central Europe, but we also observe regional differences caused by the local setting, e.g., intensification of soil erosion coinciding with the expansion of farming of cultivated lands in the Slavic Middle Ages. By analyzing LiDAR data the largest area of historical charcoal production in the Northern European Lowland (NEL) has been revealed. We are clearly only beginning to understand the massive dimensions of charcoal production in the region and the impact on late Holocene geomorphodynamics. The usage of new high-resolution imagery is essential to identify small-scale anthropogenic landforms hidden in the landscape. Future work will consist of developing and improving our integrative approach. However, comprehensive ground truth data provided by the archaeological prospections in the open-cast mines are an excellent basis for GIS-based analyses of high-resolution ALS data and geomorphological research. Y1 - 2015 UR - http://www.mineralogicalassociation.ca/doc/2015_Joint_Assembly_Abstract_Proceedings.pdf N1 - ES33A-01 SP - 135 EP - 136 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Takla, Melanie A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Rösler, Horst T1 - Mapping historic charcoal production fields from excavation to landscape scale T2 - AGU Joint Assembly, Montreal, 2015, abstracts listing N2 - In the forefield of the open-cast mine Jänschwalde (north of Cottbus, Germany), archaeological excavations have revealed one of the largest charcoal production fields described so far. As remains of the historic charcoal kilns, small mounds of sediment rich in charcoal fragments and ash cover the soil surface. We applied a combination of methods for mapping such kiln relicts across a range of scales, in order to analyze the spatial distribution of kiln sites and to improve the understanding of historic forest use systems. In archaeological excavations in the mine forefield, the geometry of kiln relicts could be studied in high detail. We used a microdrone to record high-resolution photographs of excavation sites for the documentation of kiln site ground plans and other traces of historic land use. Based on airborne laser scanning elevation models, kiln site mapping was extended to areas beyond the mine forefield. Manual digitization from shaded relief maps was used for mapping kiln sites in further woodland areas surrounding an historic ironwork north of Cottbus. An automated mapping approach based on template matching was developed to detect charcoal production fields on a larger scale, and was applied for an area of about 1000 km2up to now. In archaeological excavations, about 900 kiln sites have been documented on an approximately 17 km2 large area. Excavation documentations and aerial photographs show variations in the kiln site ground plans. By manual digitization from Shaded Relief Maps, more than 5000 kiln sites with diameters up to 29 m were detected in the 32 km2 area of the royal forest Jänschwalder Heide north of Cottbus. First results of mapping for larger areas indicate similar densities, but smaller diameters of kiln sites in other charcoal production fields; and show that charcoal production is a so far underestimated component of the land use history in many areas in the Northern European Lowlands. Y1 - 2015 UR - http://www.mineralogicalassociation.ca/doc/2015_Joint_Assembly_Abstract_Proceedings.pdf N1 - GA44A-0124 SP - 168 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Takla, Melanie A1 - Nicolay, Alexander A1 - Rösler, Horst T1 - Mapping the legacies of historic charcoal production T2 - American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting San Franisco, USA, 2014 N2 - The historic production of charcoal is an important component of the late Holocene fire history for many landscapes. Charcoal production can have numerous effects on ecosystems, e.g., through changes in forest area and structure, or through the effects of pyrolysis, charcoal and ash addition to soils. To assess such effects, it is necessary to understand the spatial extent and patterns of historic charcoal production, which has so far hardly been approached for the Northern European Lowlands. In the forefield of the open-cast mine Jänschwalde (north of Cottbus, Germany), archaeological excavations have revealed one of the largest charcoal production fields described so far. For this area, we applied and evaluated different methods for mapping the spatial distribution of charcoal kiln remains. We present methods and results of our work in this exceptionally well-described charcoal production field and of additional studies on kiln site distribution in regions of the Northern European Lowlands. The large-scale excavations in the mine forefield provide exact information on kiln site geometry. Using airborne laser scanning elevation models, the mapping of kiln sites could be extended to areas beyond the mine forefield. To detect kiln sites for larger areas, an automated GIS based mapping routine, based on a combination of morphometric parameters, was developed and evaluated. By manual digitization from Shaded Relief Maps, more than 5000 kiln sites in an area of 32 km2 were detected in the Jänschwalde mine forefield, with 1355 kiln sites that are wider than 12 m. These relatively large kiln sites could be mapped with detection rates that are close to those of manual digitization using the automated routine. First results for different study areas indicate that charcoal production is a so far underestimated component of the land use history in many parts of the Northern European Lowlands. Y1 - 2014 UR - http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014AGUFM.H43D0989S N1 - H43D-0989 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Nicolay, Alexander A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Die Böden im Tagebauvorfeld Jänschwalde - Ergebnisse bodenkundlich-geomorphologischer Untersuchungen T2 - Ausgrabungen im Niederlausitzer Braunkohlenrevier 2011/2012 Y1 - 2014 SN - 978-3-910011-85-4 SP - 249 EP - 256 PB - Brandenburgisches Landesamt für Denkmalpflege und Archäologisches Landesmuseum CY - Wünsdorf ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Maaten-Theunissen, Marieke van der A1 - Maaten, Ernst van der A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Raab, Thomas T1 - Soil physics and chemistry at a medieval ridge and furrow site in northeastern Germany T2 - European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2017, Vienna, Austria N2 - The usage of non-reversible ploughs, mainly during the Middle Ages and until historic times, led to the formation of ridge and furrow systems. Due to improvements of agricultural techniques, these historic agricultural sites were often abandoned and are now marginal land. The parallel ridges and furrows are usually, if not destroyed by later conventional ploughing, preserved in present-day forests. In northeastern Germany ridge and furrow systems are normally several decameters long and up to ten meters wide. The height difference between ridge top and furrow bottom is up to 50 centimeters and is expected to cause significant contrasts of soil properties and vegetation. Furthermore, due to the abandonment of sites with ridges and furrows, soils on these sites are unique archives for studies on fertilization, soil carbon dynamics and soil development. Therefore, we are characterizing soil physics (bulk density, saturated soil hydraulic conductivity, texture) and soil chemistry (soil acidity, carbon and nitrogen content) on a type location of historic ridges and furrows about 100 km northwest of Berlin. Y1 - 2017 UR - http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2017/EGU2017-4003-1.pdf N1 - EGU2017-4003-1 PB - European Geophysical Society CY - Katlenburg-Lindau ER -