TY - GEN A1 - Lange, Ulrich A1 - Hirsch, Thomas A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Wolfbeis, Otto S. T1 - Hydrogen sensor based on graphene - palladium nanocomposite T2 - Electrochimica Acta N2 - A composite material was prepared from graphene and palladium nanoparticles (PdNP) by layer-by-layer deposition on gold electrodes. The material was characterized by absorption spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and surface plasmon resonance. Cyclic voltammetry demonstrated the presence of electrocatalytic centers in the palladium decorated graphene. This material can serve as a sensor material for hydrogen at levels from 0.5 to 1% in synthetic air. Pure graphene is poorly sensitive to hydrogen, but incorporation of PdNPs increases its sensitivity by more than an order of magnitude. The effects of hydrogen, nitrogen dioxide and humidity were studied. Sensor regeneration is accelerated in humid air. The sensitivity of the nanocomposite depends on the number of bilayers of graphene–PdNPs. KW - Graphene KW - Palladium KW - Nanoparticle KW - Sensor KW - Layer-by-layer Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2010.10.078 SN - 0013-4686 VL - 56 IS - 10 SP - 3707 EP - 3712 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Wolpert, Benjamin A1 - Wolfbeis, Otto S. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Gas sensing properties of electrically conductive Cu(I) compounds at elevated temperatures T2 - Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical N2 - Changes in the electrical conductance at 240 °C of a number of copper(I) compounds including CuI, CuBr, Cu2Te, Cu12Sb4S13, (CuI)2P14, and of NiO were measured following the exposure to the gases ammonia, nitrogen dioxide, nitrous oxide, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and propane. Analytical sensitivity and kinetic parameters were compared quantitatively. The high diversity of sensitivity patterns makes these compounds promising candidates for use in sensor arrays. Principal component analysis of the data obtained with a virtual sensor array enabled highly selective sensing of five of the six analytes studied using only two principle components. Activation energies of the charge transport in the materials were determined. KW - Gas sensor KW - Ammonia sensor KW - Conductometric sensor KW - Sensor array KW - Copper(I) KW - High-temperature sensing Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2009.04.042 SN - 0925-4005 VL - 142 IS - 2 SP - 446 EP - 450 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Delaney, Tetyana L. A1 - Zimin, Denys A1 - Rahm, Michael A1 - Weiss, Dieter A1 - Wolfbeis, Otto S. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Capacitive detection in ultrathin chemosensors prepared by molecularly imprinted grafting photopolymerization T2 - Analytical Chemistry N2 - The usual applications of capacitive detection in chemo- and biosensors are based on changes in effective thickness of insulating layers due to adsorption of analyte onto receptors. Ultrathin chemosensors based on molecularly imprinted polymerization enable a realization of another capacitive approach that exploits changes in electrical capacitance due to modification of the dielectric constant of the polymer. Such chemosensors were prepared by photografted molecularly imprinted polymerization on the surface of gold electrodes. An adsorbed layer of hydrophobic photoinitiator (benzophenone) provided grafted polymerization on the surface of the alkanethiol-modified gold electrode. The chemosensors were characterized by cyclic voltammetry, impedance spectroscopy, and scanning electron and atomic force microscopy. Binding of analyte was detected by measurements of electrical capacitance. The results indicate a decrease of the dielectric constant of the polymer layer due to analyte binding up to 20%. Y1 - 2007 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/ac062143v SN - 0003-2700 SN - 1520-6882 VL - 79 IS - 8 SP - 3220 EP - 3225 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Kulikov, Valentin A1 - Wolfbeis, Otto S. T1 - Complete system for combinatorial synthesis and functional investigation of conductive polymers T2 - American Chemical Society PMSE Preprints N2 - Complete system for combinatorial electrochemical synthesis and functional characterization of combinatorial libraries formed by different polymers and polymeric structures will be presented. Control of electrical potential of single electrode groups consisting of four electrodes (designed for 4-point measurements ) on the array comprising 96 such electrode groups provides addressable electrochemical polymer synthesis on the defined electrodes. After polymerization, electrical characteristics of polymers or/and polymer/electrode contacts and influence of potential analytes on these characteristic are measured. Final data analysis provides complete analytically relevant information on the investigated thin polymer layers or multilayer polymer structures: absolute and relative sensitivity, response time, reversibility, reproducibility, regeneration kinetics, linearity or binding constant. Examples of applications for the development of gas-sensitive (co)polymers and optimization of their sensitive properties and polymer/metal contacts will be presented. Y1 - 2005 VL - 93 SP - 1053 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hirsch, Thomas A1 - Zharnikov, Michael A1 - Shaporenko, Andrey A1 - Stahl, Joachim A1 - Weiss, Dieter A1 - Wolfbeis, Otto S. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Size-controlled electrochemical synthesis of metallic nanoparticles on molecular templates T2 - Angewandte Chemie International Edition N2 - Reduction on the spot: Planarly adsorbed thiolated porphyrin molecules (purple) incorporated in an insulating alkanethiol monolayer (blue) function as nanoelectrodes for the local reduction of metals (gray). This approach was applied for the in situ synthesis of nanoparticles of a predetermined size. Y1 - 2005 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.200500912 SN - 1521-3773 VL - 44 IS - 41 SP - 6775 EP - 6778 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zybin, Alexander A1 - Grunwald, Christian A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Kuhlmann, Jürgen A1 - Wolfbeis, Otto S. A1 - Niemax, Kay T1 - Double-wavelength technique for surface plasmon resonance measurements: basic concept and applications for single sensors and two-dimensional sensor arrays T2 - Analytical Chemistry N2 - A new technique for on-line monitoring of analyte binding to sensor surfaces by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) detection is described. It is based on differential measurements using two wavelengths provided by two diode lasers. The technique is as simple and robust as the conventional SPR detection measuring the reflected radiation at fixed incidence angle, but it has the advantage of being nonsensitive to variations of the resonance width and providing essentially higher signal/noise ratios. The paper presents the first four channel prototype system for parallel 2D-monitoring at four different spots. One channel is always used as a reference to compensate temperature fluctuations and nonspecific adsorptions. Calibration with sucrose solutions revealed an absolute sensitivity of Δn ∼ 5 × 10-6. The new technique is tested with a biotin−streptavidin binding and with hybridization/denaturation of DNA. Biotin binding to a streptavidin monolayer is detected with a signal/noise ratio of about 5, which demonstrates the high potential of the new technique for applications in drug discovery. Applications to gene analysis are tested with short oligonucleotides of the sequences used for genotyping human hepatitis C viruses. A selective response to complementary oligonucleotides is observed. The high reproducibility in subsequent cycles of hybridization/denaturation (by formamide or by heating) points out potential applications of the technique in medical diagnostics, food industry, genomics, and proteomics too. Y1 - 2005 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1021/ac048156v SN - 0003-2700 SN - 1520-6882 VL - 77 IS - 8 SP - 2393 EP - 2399 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Kulikov, Valentin A1 - Hao, Qingli A1 - Wolfbeis, Otto S. T1 - Application of combinatorial electropolymerization to the development of chemical Sensors T2 - Combinatorial and artificial intelligence methods in materials science II, symposium held December 1 - 4, 2003, Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A. N2 - Combinatorial electropolymerization with electrical addressing was realized on the array of 96 electrode groups, each from four electrodes. The polymer synthesis was combined with subsequent high-throughput investigation of analytical properties of synthesized polymers. Two-and four-point techniques were applied simultaneously to measure electrical properties of synthesized polymers and contact resistances between electrodes and polymers and modifications of these parameters on addition of analyte. The system was used for development of sensitive materials for detection of gaseous hydrogen chloride. Y1 - 2004 SN - 1-55899-742-3 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1557/PROC-804-JJ4.1 SP - 111 EP - 116 PB - Materials Research Society CY - Warrendale, Pa. ER - TY - GEN A1 - Samoylov, Anton V. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Hao, Qingli A1 - Swart, Claudia A1 - Shirshov, Yuri M. A1 - Wolfbeis, Otto S. T1 - Nanometer-thick SPR sensor for gaseous HCl T2 - Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical N2 - The optical properties of electrochemically polymerized N-methylaniline are changed in the presence of gaseous hydrogen chloride. This effect was used for preparation of chemical sensors with transduction based on surface plasmon resonance. The interaction of hydrogen chloride with a two nm layer of poly-(N-methylaniline) on gold leads to the shift of the surface plasmon resonance. The analysis of the resonance spectra demonstrates that the effect is caused by an increase of the imaginary component of the refractive index; a minor contribution is also provided by film condensation leading to an increase of the real component of the refractive index and a decrease in the thickness. The effect is selective and quasi-reversible. The concentration dependence of the gas effect obeys Langmuir's adsorption isotherm with a reciprocal value of the binding constant of 850 ± 160 ppm. KW - Gas sensor KW - HCI sensors KW - Surface plasmon resonance KW - Electropolymerization KW - Poly-(N-methyl-aniline) KW - Fire detector Y1 - 2005 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2004.08.029 SN - 0925-4005 VL - 106 IS - 1 SP - 369 EP - 372 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Zhi, Zheng-liang A1 - Drazan, Viktor A1 - Wolfbeis, Otto S. A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. T1 - Electrocatalytic activity of DNA on electrodes as an indication of hybridization T2 - Bioelectrochemistry N2 - Electron transfer between metal electrodes and ferro/ferricyanide is completely suppressed at low ionic concentration. We describe here a new phenomenon related to this reaction: an immobilisation of thiolated single-stranded DNA on gold electrodes retains this activity at low ionic strength up to the level corresponding to the high ionic strength. In contrast, a hybridisation of the complementary DNAwith the thiolated single-stranded DNA followed by a binding onto the electrodes, attenuated the electrocatalytic effect. These effects can be used for discrimination between single-stranded DNA and double-stranded DNA and for semi-quantitative measurement of complementary DNA in a sample. KW - DNA KW - DNA-sensor KW - Biosensor KW - Electrocatalysi KW - Hybridisation KW - Oligonucleotide KW - Gene analysis Y1 - 2006 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioelechem.2005.02.006 SN - 1567-5394 VL - 68 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kulikov, Valentin A1 - Mirsky, Vladimir M. A1 - Delaney, Tetyana L. A1 - Donoval, Daniel A1 - Koch, Alexander W. A1 - Wolfbeis, Otto S. T1 - High-throughput analysis of bulk and contact conductance of polymer layers prepared by combinatorial electropolymerization T2 - Measurement Science and Technology N2 - An approach for high-throughput analysis of bulk and contact conductance of polymer layers is described and evaluated. The approach, based on s24-technique (simultaneous two- and four-point conductance measurements), was realized as a high-throughput method and applied for investigation of conductive polymers on an array of interdigital platinum electrodes. Several examples demonstrate distinctive influence of combinatorially varied conditions of polymer synthesis (polymerization charge, content of copolymers) as well as chemical treatment of the synthesized polymers in bulk and contact resistance of metal/polymer/metal systems. The developed high-throughput s24-technique can be widely applied to material research for investigation of bulk and contact electrical properties. Y1 - 2005 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/16/1/013 SN - 1361-6501 SN - 0957-0233 VL - 16 IS - 1 SP - 95 EP - 99 ER -