TY - GEN A1 - Raab, Thomas A1 - Raab, Alexandra A1 - Bonhage, Alexander A1 - Schneider, Anna A1 - Hirsch, Florian A1 - Birkhofer, Klaus A1 - Drohan, Patrick J. A1 - Wilmking, Martin A1 - Kreyling, Jürgen A1 - Malik, Ireneusz A1 - Wistuba, Małgorzata A1 - Maaten, Ernst van der A1 - Maaten-Theunissen, Marieke van der A1 - Urich, Tim T1 - Do small landforms have large effects? A review on the legacies of pre-industrial charcoal burning T2 - Geomorphology N2 - Relict charcoal hearths (RCHs) are small, anthropogenic landforms resulting from past charcoal burning and reaching significant land coverage in pre-industrial mining areas. We review three coupled legacies linked by RCH development: (i) a landscape-scale geomorphic effect, (ii) a unique soil fingerprint, and (iii) an evolving novel ecosystem. The history and technique of charcoal production are described to clarify legacy effects. Applying a recently presented morpho-genetic catalogue is useful for classified mapping of RCH findings. The RCH numbers and calculated RCH densities per study region vary greatly and impose uncertainties due to insufficient methods causing over- or underestimations. Areas with high RCH densities between 50 and 500 RCH/km2 seem reasonable. Machine learning-based remote sensing techniques are promising approaches with which to better assess the full scale of charcoal burning legacies. RCH soil properties feature dark charcoal-rich technogenic substrate layers classified as Auh horizons according to the World Reference Base with significantly increased C contents. These Auh horizons can also exhibit specific physical and chemical properties, such as relatively low bulk density, high porosity, high plant available water content, low thermal conductivity and differences in cation exchange capacity or nutrient status. However, relevant studies are rare, and thus, the effects may differ by study region. Regarding vegetation, there seem to be four main effects: changes in forest structure, species composition, recruitment pattern and productivity. The number of studies on this issue is, however, also very limited. Even fewer studies have examined the soil fauna in RCHs; thus, the reported effects cannot be used to draw general conclusions. Notably, RCH research has made considerable progress in the last five years, especially in the Light Detection and Ranging-based mapping of these small landforms and identification of RCH-specific soil properties, but ecological legacies are not well understood; thus, more interdisciplinary and integrative studies are needed. KW - Soil KW - Ecosystem KW - Forestry KW - Land Use KW - Anthropocene KW - Relict Charcoal Hearth (RCH) KW - Charcoal Kiln Remain (CKR) Y1 - 2022 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2022.108332 SN - 0169-555X VL - 413 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Elmer, Michael A1 - Barthel, A. A1 - Wöllecke, Jens A1 - Kreyling, Jürgen A1 - Jentsch, Anke A1 - Beierkuhnlein, Carl A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. ED - Holzheu, Stefan ED - Thies, B. T1 - Impact of recurrent freeze-thaw cycles and plant community composition on cellulose decomposition T2 - Dimensions of ecology - from global change to molecular ecology, (GfÖ) 39th annual conference, University of Bayreuth, 14th - 18th September 2009 Y1 - 2009 SP - S. 151 PB - Bayreuther Zentrum für Ökologie und Umweltforschung (BayCEER) Selbstverlag CY - Bayreuth ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jentsch, Anke A1 - Kreyling, Jürgen A1 - Elmer, Michael A1 - Gellesch, Ellen A1 - Glaser, Bruno A1 - Grant, Kerstin A1 - Hein, Roman A1 - Lara, Marco A1 - Mirzae, Heydar A1 - Nadler, Stefanie E. A1 - Nagy, Laura A1 - Otieno, Denis A1 - Pritsch, Karin A1 - Rascher, Uwe A1 - Schädler, Martin A1 - Schloter, Michael A1 - Singh, Brajesh K. A1 - Stadler, Jutta A1 - Walter, Julia A1 - Wellstein, Camilla A1 - Wöllecke, Jens A1 - Beierkuhnlein, Carl T1 - Climate extremes initiate ecosystem-regulating functions while maintaining productivity T2 - Journal of Ecology Y1 - 2011 VL - 99 IS - 3 SP - 689 EP - 702 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kreyling, Jürgen A1 - Beierkuhnlein, Carl A1 - Elmer, Michael A1 - Pritsch, Karin A1 - Radovski, Monica A1 - Schloter, Michael A1 - Wöllecke, Jens A1 - Jentsch, Anke T1 - Soil biotic processes remain remarkably stable after 100-year extreme weather events in experimental grassland and heath T2 - Plant and Soil Y1 - 2008 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-008-9617-1 SN - 1573-5036 SN - 0032-079X VL - 308 IS - 1-2 SP - 175 EP - 188 ER -