TY - CHAP A1 - Bazartseren, Bunchingiv A1 - Holz, Klaus-Peter T1 - Data Preprocessing for Hydrological and Hydromorphological Studies using Neural Networks T2 - Simulation in Umwelt- und Geowissenschaften, Workshop Cottbus 2002 N2 - The use of artificial neural networks for various hydrologic and hydromorphological studies is being investigated. Application of the Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods, especially the neural networks for water related studies is expanding lately, due to its advantages such as being less subjected to he constraints of the physical considerations and quick delivery of feasible and cost-effective responses. Primary stage results of the research are presented in two separate examples.The first example is the runoff modelling for the case of Yellowstone River, USA at the outlet of a high-altitude lake using neural networks, in which the influence of melting ice and snow cover is carefully considered. A wavelet transform is used for smoothening the input signal for the neural network model in order to improve the accuracy and prevent the inconsistency of neural network solutions. A morphological evolution study along cross-shore profiles at the Kiel Bay, Baltic Sea coast using ANN provides the second case. Data preprocessing or in this particular case downsampling of bathymetry measurements through a number of cross shore profiles was done by a wavelet transform.The data oriented approaches, such as neural networks often have to deal with the abundant data or noisy observations, which normally require a thorough analysis, preprocessing or downsampling, to enable a satisfactory performance of the models. The above case studies emphasize the importance and necessity of the data analysis and preprocessing. KW - artificial neural networks KW - coastal morphological study KW - hydrological studies KW - hydromorphological studies Y1 - 2002 SN - 3-8322-0733-3 SP - 53 EP - 64 PB - Shaker CY - Aachen ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hildebrandt, Gerald A1 - Holz, Klaus-Peter T1 - Hydroengineering Web Services: Sharing Business Processes over the Internet T2 - Advances in hydro-science and -engineering, volume V, proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Hydro-Science and -Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Warsaw, Poland, September 18 -20, 2002 N2 - A new computing paradigm known as Web Services is quickly gathering momentum in companies ICT. Web Services represent an emerging model for developing and deploying software applications that promises to fundamentally change not only the way companies build and deploy software, but also how they communicate with their partners and customers. This approach can improve the flexibility and the reach of ecisting ICT infrastructures. An example from river-engineering and inundation management will be given. KW - hydroengineering KW - Web Services Y1 - 2002 SN - 83-90617-77-3 CY - Warschau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Chua, Lloyd H. C. A1 - Merting, Frank A1 - Holz, Klaus-Peter T1 - Numerical Simulation and Web-based GIS System for Flooding Processes T2 - Advances in hydro-science and -engineering, volume V, proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Hydro-Science and -Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Warsaw, Poland, September 18 -20, 2002 N2 - The accessibility to accurate, real-time information is vital in times of flooding. The availability of such information is important not only to mitigate the losses due to flood damage but more importantly, the saving of human lives as well. This paper presents the results of an engineering study on flood inundation, with the aim of providing (i) accurate information (for e.g. escape routes, flood arrival times etc.); and (ii) accessibility to this information via the internet. A case study was carried out for the Polder Mehrum area, which is situated along the River Rhine in Germany. The study investigates the inundation process resulting from a dyke breach. Inundation is first simulated using a two-dimensional hydrodynamic model, solving the shallow water equations using the finite element method.Next, the computed results from the hydrodynamic model and other essential information including infrastructure, land-use etc. are combined in a GIS-based digital terrain model, using a commercially available GIS software, ArcGIS.This information is then put on a web server and the data made available via the internet. We use the ArcIMS software for distributing the GIS data and applications over the internet. ArcIMS supports both HTML and Java client viewers which greatly enhances the performance of many operations. In addition, advantage can also be taken of new wireless technology, like hand held P.C.s, which would greatly increase the mobility of users while at the same time, maintaining the same level of access to information. It is envisaged that this methodology would allow the relevant authorities better real-time access to vital information which would aid in developing emergency and evacuation plans. On a local level, such information can also be used as an educational tool for citizens. This study forms part of a wider project investigating flood management in the polder areas along the Rhine. KW - flood Inundation KW - dyke breach KW - GIS KW - Internet Y1 - 2002 SN - 83-90617-77-3 CY - Warschau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bazartseren, Bunchingiv A1 - Holz, Klaus-Peter T1 - Data Reduction for Coastal Morphological Study Using a Wavelet Transform T2 - Advances in hydro-science and -engineering, volume V, proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Hydro-Science and -Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Warsaw, Poland, September 18 -20, 2002 N2 - A possibility of compressing coastal morphological data by a wavelet transform was investigated. This was motivated by our intention to use Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) to simulate or predict the evolution of coastal morphology. ANN models for the above purpose should use the bathymetry measurements through a number of cross shore profiles for simulation or prediction, which consequently would cause the dimensionality dilemma in the input space. Therefore, a wavelet transform was chosen as an alternative method for a data compression.Wavelet analysis is a signal processing technique, which captures the time varying frequencies. A profile data is transformed into coefficients of high or low frequency components for different level of wavelet decomposition tree, from which the original profile can be restored back. The data reduction is realized, when the low frequency component coefficients after some level of wavelet decomposition would represent the profile. Thus, depending on the complexity of the profile shape and level of the decompositions, it is possible to reduce the data points of the profile several times.The reconstruction of the original data from up to the fourth level of approximation coefficients was reasonably accurate and at the same time the profile data was reduced to a permissible number as input to the ANN model for prediction. The reconstruction error will further be compared to those of Principal Component Analysis. The study has proven the wavelet transform to be a possible alternative of data reduction for the considered case. KW - wavelet transform KW - coastal morphology KW - data reduction Y1 - 2002 SN - 83-90617-77-3 CY - Warschau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hildebrandt, Gerald A1 - Holz, Klaus-Peter T1 - Shared Management and Processing of Heterogeneous Information Resources in Distributed Hydroengineering Projects T2 - Advances in hydro-science and -engineering, volume V, proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Hydro-Science and -Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Warsaw, Poland, September 18 -20, 2002 N2 - Modern hydroengineering projects demand for complete access to available information resources, which are often heterogeneous and distributed. KW - WWW-based KW - Information Management KW - collaborative engineering KW - Ontology Y1 - 2002 SN - 83-90617-77-3 CY - Warschau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bethers, Uldis A1 - Holz, Klaus-Peter A1 - Berzins, V. A1 - Sennikovs, Juris T1 - Approach for Providing Input Data Series Required in Prognostic Simulations T2 - Advances in hydro-science and -engineering, volume V, proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Hydro-Science and -Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Warsaw, Poland, September 18 -20, 2002 N2 - The mathematical modelling of almost any natural process is highly sensitive with respect to the model input data. The issue of the input data series for the prognostic morphodynamic nearshore calculations is addressed in the paper. Non-linear morphodynamic response to the windwave-waterlevel forcing requires providing nearly-natural input data series for performing forecast simulations. Further, the quantifying of the severeness of the provided data sets is essential to distinguish typical and critical prognostic scenarios.A closed approach is proposed aiming to replace widespread praxis of using "representative" KW - mathematical modelling KW - prognostic simulations KW - wind-wave-waterlevel Y1 - 2002 SN - 83-90617-77-3 CY - Warschau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Schönefeldt, Karen A1 - Holz, Klaus-Peter T1 - Web Based Flood Information System for Urban Areas T2 - Advances in hydro-science and -engineering, volume V, proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Hydro-Science and -Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Warsaw, Poland, September 18 -20, 2002 N2 - For the management of disastrous flood events in rivers a variety of measures from warning to protection and eventually rescue has to be taken. Involved in these measures are experts from crisis management as well as members from supporting organisations, stakeholders and finally the citizens. All involved partners have to communicate to find proper decisions during the management of crisis situations. The process will be facilitated if education and training beforehand raise awareness to the risk potential in the area.Management of flood situations becomes, beside technical matters, a problem of information handling and dissemination. Conventional technologies are overcome. The emerging Information and Communication Technology (ICT) offers new potential and might even influence existing concepts at many sites.The paper deals with results from analysis of existing warning and crisis management systems at three sites. It aims at the design of an innovative solution utilising ICT as far as reasonable. The findings are integrated into a pilot software system adapted to the particular situation as given for the city of Frankfurt/Oder in the downstream part of the River Oder. The software solution is based on Internet accessible services for information distribution and collection, for warning risk prone citizens and for administrating rescue and protection services and materials. Flexibility is supported by utilisation of mobile communication technology. In the paper the software concept will be outlined, the covered features briefly described and the structure of information outlined. The software installed at Frankfurt/Oder will allow demonstration of the system within the Internet environment. KW - information management KW - communication support KW - ICT KW - flood management KW - Internet services Y1 - 2002 SN - 83-90617-77-3 CY - Warschau ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bazartseren, Bunchingiv A1 - Holz, Klaus-Peter T1 - Improving the Performance of a Neural Network by Smoothening its Input Signal T2 - Hydroinformatics 2002, proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Hydroinformatics, Vol. 1, Cardiff, UK, July 1st - 5th 2002 N2 - The article reports an attempt to obtain a better generalization of neural network model by smoothening its input signal. The considered case is a river runoff modelling at the outlet of a high-altitude lake. For the test location, the dominant peak of the annual hydrograph is induced by snow melt in the late spring. The summer rainfall has a less significance to the streamflow and the variability of daily runoff is very low, due to a regulating effect of the lake. The ANN model derived the daily average runoff quite accurately, with small inconsistencies in the output, using only a few input variables. To improve the model performance, the time series of air temperature was smoothened by a wavelet transform and Savitzky-Golay algorithm to compare with the normal procedure of moving window averaging. After using the smoothened data by different techniques, a noticeable improvement has been attained in the quality of the output of the individual ANN models, while the accuracy of the solutions were comparable. KW - neural networks KW - wavelet transform KW - Savitzky-Golay filter KW - runoff modelling Y1 - 2002 SN - 1-8433-9022-1 SP - 743 EP - 748 PB - IWA CY - London ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bazartseren, Bunchingiv A1 - Hildebrandt, Gerald A1 - Holz, Klaus-Peter T1 - Hydroinformatic Web application and Web service for real-time water level presentation and short-term prediction T2 - Environmental communication in the information society, proceedings of the 16th International Conference Informatics for Environmental Protection, Vol. 2, September 25 - 27, 2002, University of Technology, Vienna, Austria N2 - Modern urbanization tends to cause a fast response time between a heavy precipitation and consequent runoff processes in a river basin. Therefore, it is even more essential nowadays to enable citizens to have a rapid and flexible access to information on the prevention or restoration measures in cases of flood, on the basis of the cutting edge advances of the Information and Communication Technology (ICT). The paper contains a description of a real-time Web application and service for water level observation, processing, presentation and a short term prediction of a river water level in the area of interest. The Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) are implemented for cost-effective water level prediction for a short horizon. On the whole, the Web applications and services should form a part of a publicly accessible Web based flood crisis management system. KW - Web application KW - Web service KW - real-time water level presentation KW - short-term prediction Y1 - 2002 SN - 3-9500036-7-3 SP - 604 EP - 610 PB - ISEP, International Society for Environmental Protection CY - Vienna ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Bazartseren, Bunchingiv A1 - Holz, Klaus-Peter ED - Bilek, Jochen T1 - Use of Artificial Neural Networks for Prediction of Coastal Morphological Evolution T2 - Forum Bauinformatik 2002 - Junge Wissenschaftler forschen, Tagungsband 14. Forum Bauinformatik, 16. - 18.9.2002 Bochum Y1 - 2002 SN - 3-18-318104-5 SP - 65 EP - 72 PB - VDI-Verlag CY - Düsseldorf ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Gautam, D. K. A1 - Holz, Klaus-Peter T1 - Rainfall-runoff Modelling using adaptive neuro-fuzzy Systems JF - Journal of Hydroinformatics Y1 - 2001 SN - 1464-7141 VL - 3 IS - 1 SP - 3 EP - 10 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Molkenthin, Frank A1 - Belleudy, Ph. A1 - Holz, Klaus-Peter A1 - Jozsa, J. A1 - Price, R. A1 - Veer, P. van der T1 - Hydro-Web "WWW based Collaborative Engineering in Hydroscience" - a European Education Experiment in the Internet JF - Journal of Hydroinformatics Y1 - 2001 SN - 1464-7141 VL - 3 IS - 4 SP - 239 EP - 243 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Chua, Lloyd H. C. A1 - Merting, Frank A1 - Holz, Klaus-Peter ED - Falconer, R. A. T1 - River Innundation modelling for risk analysis T2 - River basin management, proceedings International Conference on River Basin Management, Cardiff, Wales, UK, September 2001 Y1 - 2001 SN - 1-85312-876-7 PB - WIT Press CY - Southampton [u.a.] ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hildebrandt, Gerald A1 - Brüggemann, Bernhard Markus A1 - Holz, Klaus-Peter ED - Dillenbourg, Pierre T1 - Distributed Research and Education Platforms in Engineering - Experience from Hydroengineering Examples T2 - European perspectives on computer-supported collaborative learning, proceedings of the first European conference on computer-supported collaborative learning, March 22-24, 2001, Universiteit Maastricht, the Netherlands Y1 - 2001 SN - 90-5681-097-9 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Holz, Klaus-Peter A1 - Hildebrandt, Gerald A1 - Molkenthin, Frank ED - Gnauck, Albrecht T1 - Virtual Laboratories for Projects in Environment Water T2 - The information society and enlargement of the European Union, 17th International Conference Informatics for Environment Protection, Cottbus 2003 N2 - Modern information and communication technology (ICT) enables new technical solutions to support collaboration in environmental engineering over distance. The establishment of "virtual laboratories" including application of Internet based project platforms, distributed team work and collaboration methods require new kinds of soft skills, knowledge and experience and a new "technological culture" to be generated just by doing - a task for education, training and profession in Hydro-Informatics. This is a challenge for the European dimension, where in future experts and engineers from different countries with different languages, different mentalities as well as different specialization and professional experience have to collaborate in research, teaching and practice. Training of collaborating in such new environment is the challenge of the courses HydroWeb and HydroEurope which by collaboration of 23 universities world-wide will help to establish common high quality university teaching courses and establish links between students from the involved countries. The students are solving a given environmental engineering task in distributed teams in the Internet. The students acquired in this course experience in interdisciplinary team work, net based project co-ordination and Web based reporting. They strengthened their social competence to collaborate in heterogeneous teams with members of different habits, nationalities, ages, educational backgrounds. The described experiment might be the basis to introduce Web based collaborative engineering in the regular course programme of water-environment related curricula at universities. Y1 - 2003 SN - 3-89518-440-3 PB - Metropolis-Verlag CY - Marburg ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Holz, Klaus-Peter A1 - Hildebrandt, Gerald T1 - Virtual Laboratories - Some Considerations from Practical Experience KW - ICT KW - CSCW KW - CSCL KW - e-learning Y1 - 2003 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Hildebrandt, Gerald A1 - Holz, Klaus-Peter T1 - Web- and SMS-based Public Flood Warning Services by Neural Networks Y1 - 2003 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Holz, Klaus-Peter T1 - Internet-based Tools for Flood Management Y1 - 2003 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Holz, Klaus-Peter A1 - Hildebrandt, Gerald A1 - Merting, Frank T1 - Hydro-Europe: Web based Collaborative Learning in Water-Engineering Y1 - 2003 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Holz, Klaus-Peter A1 - Hildebrandt, Gerald A1 - Weber, Lars T1 - Decision Support Potential of Internet based Systems for Flood Management Y1 - 2003 ER -