TY - GEN A1 - Kazula, Stefan A1 - Wöllner, Mark A1 - Grasselt, David A1 - Höschler, Klaus T1 - Parametric design and aerodynamic analysis of circular variable aero engine inlets for transonic and supersonic civil aviation T2 - Proceedings of the 24th ISABE Conference : ISABE 2019-24018 N2 - This paper focusses on the challenge of determining the ideal inlet geometries within a concept study for variable pitot aero engine inlets in transonic and supersonic civil aviation. The trade-off in inlet design and the geometric parameters of inlets for different Mach numbers are introduced. The utilised process of the parametric design study and its implementation are presented. The dependencies of inlet drag and occurrence of flow separation from geometric parameters are examined. The ideal inlet geometries are identified to determine the potential aerodynamic benefit of using variable pitot inlets. The comparison of the identified geometries with the reference reveals a significant drag reduction at the investigated flight speeds of Mach 0.95, 1.3 and 1.6. While the drag reduction potentially leads to decreased fuel consumption and increased flight range, the application of variable inlet systems entails additional weight and complexity. By means of a simplified Breguet range equation, the benefit of using variable pitot inlets has been determined. For an additional weight of 500 kg per variable inlet, the range benefit nearly disappears for subsonic applications up to Mach 0.95, while a range benefit of over 20% remains for supersonic applications at Mach 1.6. KW - benefit of supersonic variable axisymmetric pitot inlets KW - parametric design study KW - response surface optimisation KW - pitot inlet drag estimation KW - ideal aircraft intake geometries Y1 - 2019 UR - https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1PZaMaLOLsybB3KFLmvP8hwM_lwmk3e4B CY - Canberra ER - TY - GEN A1 - König, Paul A1 - Mischke, Marcel A1 - Pohl, Michael A1 - Kazula, Stefan A1 - Höschler, Klaus T1 - Concept Development and Evaluation for a Broadband Noise Absorbing Acoustic Liner Concept for Aviation T2 - 24th International Society For Air Breathing Engines (ISABE-2019-24261), 22.-27. September 2019 N2 - This paper presents design adaptations during the further development of innovative broadband acoustic liner concepts (Foil Helmholtz Resonator Liner; FHR-Liners) which utilise flexible foils within a honeycomb structure to attenuate engine and aircraft noise. The requirements for acoustic liners in aviation are described and utilised to derive evaluation criteria. Modifications of the FHR-Liner concept are introduced. A suitable concept evaluation method based on VDI 2225 is applied to evaluate the modified liner concepts concerning the main evaluation criteria. Y1 - 2019 UR - https://2019.isabe.org/content/uploads/ISABE2019_Technical_Program.pdf ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kazula, Stefan A1 - Wöllner, Mark A1 - Grasselt, David A1 - Höschler, Klaus T1 - Ideal Geometries and Potential Benefit of Variable Pitot Inlets for Subsonic and Supersonic Business Aviation T2 - 8TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE FOR AERONAUTICS AND SPACE SCIENCES (EUCASS) N2 - The challenge of determining ideal inlet geometries for variable pitot aero engine inlets in transonic and supersonic civil aviation is presented. The trade-off in inlet design and the geometric inlet parameters are introduced. By means of a parametric design study, feasible inlet geometries for variable inlets are identified and the potential aerodynamic benefit of using variable pitot inlets for flight speeds from Mach 0.95, 1.3 up to 1.6 is examined. After considering the additional weight of variable inlets, for instance due to required actuators, a remaining range benefit of over 20% at a flight speed of Mach 1.6 is determined. Y1 - 2019 UR - https://eucass.eu/index.php/component/docindexer/?task=download&id=5871 U6 - https://doi.org/10.13009/EUCASS2019-314 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Mischke, Marcel A1 - Kazula, Stefan A1 - Höschler, Klaus T1 - Preliminary Safety Assessment on System Design Level for Broadband Acoustic Liner Concepts for Aviation T2 - Proceedings of the 9th EASN International Conference on Innovation in Aviation & Space N2 - Selected methods of the aviation safety assessment process according to ARP 4761 are introduced and conducted within the scope of a concept study for future broadband acoustic liners. While having similar primary functions and basic design, the acoustic liner concepts diverge concerning subfunctions and potential malfunctions. With the ARP 4761 safety assessment methods, significant differences in sub functions and possible malfunctions of the concepts can be identified. The results of the safety assessment are discussed, and the concepts are evaluated in terms of feasibility and safety. Y1 - 2019 UR - https://www.matec-conferences.org/articles/matecconf/abs/2019/53/matecconf_easn2019_04010/matecconf_easn2019_04010.html U6 - https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201930404010 CY - Athen ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kazula, Stefan A1 - Höschler, Klaus T1 - Evaluation of variable pitot inlet concepts for transonic and supersonic civil aviation T2 - Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology N2 - Purpose – This paper aims to describe the selection of the ideal variable inlet concept group by using results of aerodynamic investigations, system safety analyses and integration studies. Design/methodology/approach – Aerodynamic and functional inlet requirements are explained and variable inlet concept groups are introduced. The concept evaluation by means of a weighted point rating is presented. The respective concept groups are analysed and evaluated regarding economic, functional and safety requirements. Findings – By means of this evaluation, the concept group that adjusts the inlet geometry by rigid segment repositioning is identified as most suitable concept group. Originality/value – The early selection of the most suitable concept group enables more detailed subsequent concept investigations, potentially enabling the technology of variable inlets for future commercial aircraft. KW - Design evaluation KW - Variable aero engine inlet KW - Morphing nacelle intake Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1108/AEAT-11-2019-0225 SN - 0002-2667 VL - 92 IS - 6 SP - 807 EP - 815 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kazula, Stefan A1 - Wöllner, Mark A1 - Höschler, Klaus T1 - Identification of efficient geometries for variable pitot inlets for supersonic transport T2 - Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology N2 - Purpose – This paper aims to reveal the influence of selected geometric parameters on the aerodynamic performance of circular variable aero engine inlets in transonic and supersonic civil aviation. Design/methodology/approach – The trade-off in inlet design and aerodynamic evaluation parameters is presented. The approach to investigate the dependencies between the aerodynamic and geometric parameters at different flight conditions by means of a parametric design study is introduced. Findings – The dependencies of inlet drag and efficiency from geometric parameters at flight speeds of Mach 0.95 up to Mach 1.6 are identified. Although entailing additional weight, the inlet length represents the parameter with the highest potential for drag reduction by up to 50% in the selected design space. Ideal geometries for variable pitot inlets are determined. After considering weight, their potential range benefit nearly disappears for subsonic applications, but remains above 20% for supersonic flight at Mach 1.6. Originality/value – Hence, the technology of circular variable pitot inlets for supersonic transport aircraft could be a way to achieve the ambitious ecological, safety and economic goals for future civil aviation. KW - Benefit of supersonic variable axisymmetric pitot inlets KW - Supersonic transport (SST) KW - Ideal aircraft intake geometries KW - Pitot inlet drag estimation Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1108/AEAT-11-2019-0228 SN - 0002-2667 VL - 92 IS - 7 SP - 981 EP - 992 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kazula, Stefan A1 - Höschler, Klaus T1 - Review of Variable Leading Edge Patents for Aircraft Wings and Engine Inlets and Their Relevance for Variable Pitot Inlets in Future Supersonic Transport T2 - Deutscher Luft- und Raumfahrtkongress 2020, Online, 1. bis 3. September 2020 N2 - The motivation for designing variable pitot inlets for future supersonic transport (SST) is explained. A comprehensive overview of existing technological solutions for variable leading edges of aircraft wings and engines inlets is given. The advantages and limitations of over 80 solutions, as well as their relevance for application on variable pitot inlets for SST are analysed. These analyses emphasis challenges of existing solution options concerning design methodologies, level of detail and experience with a technology. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://dlrk2020.dglr.de/programmheft/index.html ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kazula, Stefan A1 - Höschler, Klaus T1 - A Variable Pitot-Inlet Concept for Supersonic Aviation T2 - Global Power & Propulsion Society GPPS Chania20, Online, 7th - 9th September 2020 N2 - An overview of aero-engine inlets, the design process in aviation and a safe design approach for academic studies is provided. By means of a safe design approach, a variable inlet concept is developed up to technology readiness level (TRL) 3 and described. The application of safety and reliability methods, aerodynamic and structural analyses, as well as functional demonstrators proves the feasibility of the present variable inlet concept and highlights its potential for application in future supersonic transport (SST). Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.33737/gpps20-tc-49 SN - 2504-4400 ER - TY - THES A1 - Kazula, Stefan T1 - Variable Pitot-Triebwerkseinlässe für kommerzielle Überschallflugzeuge - Konzeptstudie mittels eines Entwicklungsansatzes für sichere Produkte KW - Variable Pitot-Triebwerkseinlässe Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-3-658-35455-8 SN - 978-3-658-35456-5 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-35456-5 PB - Springer Vieweg CY - Wiesbaden ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kazula, Stefan A1 - Rich, Beatrice Monique A1 - Höschler, Klaus A1 - Woll, Ralf T1 - Interest High School Students in STEM Studies, while Preparing STEM Students for Leading Positions T2 - 2021 IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference Y1 - 2021 SN - 978-1-7281-8478-4 SN - 978-1-7281-8479-1 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/EDUCON46332.2021.9454011 VL - 2021 SP - 910 EP - 914 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kazula, Stefan A1 - Höschler, Klaus T1 - Sustainable Supersonic Transport: a Case Study on Variable Pitot Inlets T2 - 9th European Conference for Aeronautics and Space Sciences (Eucass) Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.eucass.eu/conferences-and-publications/search-on-this-website?searchword=Sustainable%20Supersonic%20Transport:%20a%20Case%20Study&searchphrase=all&limit=20 U6 - https://doi.org/10.13009/EUCASS2022-4600 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kazula, Stefan A1 - Höschler, Klaus T1 - Review of variable leading-edge patents for aircraft wings and engine inlets and their relevance for variable pitot inlets in future supersonic transport T2 - CEAS Aeronautical Journal N2 - The motivation for designing variable pitot inlets for future supersonic transport (SST) is explained. A comprehensive overview of existing technological solutions for variable leading edges of aircraft wings and engine inlets is given. The advantages and limitations of over 80 solutions, as well as their relevance for application on variable pitot inlets for SST are described. The challenges of existing solution options concerning design methodologies, level of detail, and experience with a technology are identified. KW - Overview of variable inlet lips KW - Variable aero engine inlet KW - Morphing nacelle intake KW - SST Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s13272-021-00520-y SN - 1869-5582 SN - 1869-5590 VL - 12 IS - 3 SP - 685 EP - 700 ER -