TY - GEN A1 - Kutz, Dieter F. A1 - Kolb, Florian P. A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Straka, Hans T1 - Somatosensory Influence on Platform-Induced Translational Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex in Vertical Direction in Humans T2 - Frontiers in Neurology N2 - The vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) consists of two components, the rotational VOR (rVOR) elicited by semicircular canal signals and the translational VOR (tVOR) elicited by otolith signals. Given the relevant role of the vertical tVOR in human walking, this study aimed at measuring the time delay of eye movements in relation to whole-body vertical translations in natural standing position. Twenty (13 females and 7 males) healthy, young subjects (mean 25 years) stood upright on a motor-driven platform and were exposed to sinusoidal movements while fixating a LED, positioned at a distance of 50 cm in front of the eyes. The platform motion induced a vertical translation of 2.6 cm that provoked counteracting eye movements similar to self-paced walking. The time differences between platform and eye movements indicated that the subject's timing of the extraocular motor reaction depended on stimulus frequency and number of repetitions. At low stimulus frequencies (<0.8 Hz) and small numbers of repetitions (<3), eye movements were phase advanced or in synchrony with platform movements. At higher stimulus frequencies or continuous stimulation, eye movements were phase lagged by ~40 ms. Interestingly, the timing of eye movements depended on the initial platform inclination. Starting with both feet in dorsiflexion, eye movements preceded platform movements by 137 ms, whereas starting with both feet in plantar flexion eye movement precession was only 19 ms. This suggests a remarkable influence of foot proprioceptive signals on the timing of eye movements, indicating that the dynamics of the vertical tVOR is controlled by somatosensory signals. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2020.00332 SN - 1664-2295 VL - 11 SP - 1 EP - 10 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Knorr, Alexander G. ED - Fritzsch, Bernd ED - Straka, Hans T1 - Physical Nature of Vestibular Stimuli T2 - The Senses: A Comprehensive Reference, Volume 6: Vestibular System and Balance N2 - The vestibular sensors in the inner ear measure head movement with respect to an inertial frame of reference. The chapter describes the principles of measurement of the vestibular sensors, the physical stimuli that are measured, and specific issues that require central processing. An overview about so-called artificial vestibular stimuli that mimic the effect of natural head movement is provided. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809324-5.23909-6 SP - 6 EP - 11 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ET - 2. Edition ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - MacNeilage, Paul R. ED - Fritzsch, Bernd ED - Straka, Hans T1 - Computational Rules for Integrating Vestibular and Multi-Modal Motion Signals in the Central Nervous System T2 - The Senses: A Comprehensive Reference; Volume 6: Vestibular System and Balance N2 - Integration of multi-sensory signals is normally required to infer the properties and states of the external world and of the own body. This applies also to vestibular signals, which, when activated are naturally accompanied by other sensory or self-generated signals. Here, we review computational schemes and normative principles that have been proposed to achieve meaningful signal fusion that allows perception and action in the face of uncertain information. Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809324-5.24262-4 SP - 445 EP - 457 PB - Elsevier CY - Amsterdam ET - 2. Edition ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bassereh, Hassan A1 - Fleuriet, Jérome A1 - Mustari, Michael J. A1 - Glasauer, Stefan T1 - Linear regression versus information-theoretic approach; efficiencies and deficiencies T2 - Bernstein Conference 2020, September, 29 - October, 1, 2020 Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.12751/nncn.bc2020.0023 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lutfi, Helana A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Spittler, Thomas T1 - The healthcare benefits and impact of artificial intelligence applications on behaviour of healthcare users: a structured review of primary literature T2 - Journal of the International Society for Telemedicine and EHealth N2 - Introduction: Artificial intelligence (AI) is one of the most considered topics of the current time. AI has the power to bring revolutionary improvements to the world of technology not only in the field of computer science but also in other fields like medical sciences. Objectives: This paper assumes the adoption of appropriate AI engineering principals in previous studies, and focusses on providing a structured review of the impact of AI on human society and the individual human being as a technology user. Additionally, it opens a window on how the future will look like in terms of AI and personalised medicine. Methods: The paper employed a qualitative research approach and data were collected through a structured literature review. Twenty-three peer reviewed papers were identified and analysed in relation to their relevance to the study. Results: Previous studies show a positive impact on users' behaviour is expected in supporting their healthcare needs especially in decision-making, personalised treatment and future diseases prediction, and that integrating users in studying AI impact is essential to test possible implications of the technology. Conclusion: Results indicate that without a clear understanding of why patients need AI, or how AI can support individuals with their healthcare needs, it is difficult to visualise the kinds of AI applications that have a meaningful and sustainable impact the daily lives of individuals. Therefore, there is an emerging need to understand the impact of AI technology on users' behaviour to maximise the potential benefits of AI technology. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://journals.ukzn.ac.za/index.php/JISfTeH/article/view/1876 U6 - https://doi.org/10.29086/JISfTeH.8.e10 SN - 2308-0310 VL - 8 SP - 1 EP - 5 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Shirzhiyan, Zahra A1 - Glasauer, Stefan T1 - Dual-task modulation of neural activity related to perception of time T2 - Abstract NWG Meeting Göttingen 2021 Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.nwg-goettingen.de/2021/module/posterliste/supMat.asp?nr=T26-7 VL - 2021 CY - Göttingen ER - TY - GEN A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Straka, Hans T1 - Optimality of the vestibulo-ocular reflex T2 - Abstracts NWG Meeting Göttingen 2021 Y1 - 2021 UR - https://www.nwg-goettingen.de/2021/module/posterliste/supMat.asp?nr=T17-11 VL - 2021 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Hausmann, Peter A1 - MacNeilage, Paul R. T1 - Statistics of natural head motion suggest different head motion priors for rest and movement T2 - Bernstein Conference 2018 Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.12751/nncn.bc2018.0132 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Salmasi, Mehrdad A1 - Stemmler, Martin T1 - The synergy between neurotransmitter spillover and asynchronous release in information transmission T2 - Bernstein Conference 2018 Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.12751/nncn.bc2018.0209 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Bassereh, Hassan A1 - Rattay, Frank A1 - Glasauer, Stefan T1 - A mathematical framework for vesicle release from a retinal bipolar cell T2 - Bernstein Conference Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.12751/nncn.bc2019.0209 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Shi, Z. T1 - Another dead salmon? The measurement flaw of serial dependence in human perception T2 - Abstract for SfN Global Connectome Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.sfn.org/-/media/SfN/Documents/NEW-SfN/Meetings/SfN-Global-Connectome/SFN21_Connectome_Abstracts_PDFs.pdf SP - 1891 EP - 11892 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yudice, Joshua A1 - Bayer, Johanna A1 - Bockisch, Christopher A1 - Glasauer, Stefan T1 - Inter-subject variability of visual-vestibular sensory fusion during angular rotation T2 - Bernstein Conference 2020 Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.12751/nncn.bc2020.0250 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Yudice, Joshua A1 - Glasauer, Stefan T1 - Navigational frame of reference during idiothetic path integration in humans T2 - INAV 2020 Y1 - 2020 UR - https://inavsymposium.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Data_Blitz_Booklet_2020.pdf VL - 2020 SP - 41 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dietrich, Haike A1 - Heidger, F. A1 - Schniepp, Roman A1 - MacNeilage, Paul R. A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Wühr, Max T1 - Head motion predictability explains phase-and speed-dependent suppression of vestibular balance control during walking T2 - Elsevier N2 - Methods: Body sway was analyzed by measuring the center of pressure (CoP) in 10 healthy participants on a pressure-sensitive treadmill during standing and walking at 0.4 or 0.8 m/s. Continuous SVS (0–25 Hz; peak amplitude at±4.5 mA) was delivered by a bipolar binaural electrode configuration over the mastoid processes to evoke postural responses in the roll plane. Time-dependent coherence between SVS and medio-lateral body sway was analyzed to examine the dynamic impact of vestibular cues during locomotion. HMP was estimated using a previously established model (MacNeilage and Glasauer, 2017). Results: SVS-CoP coherence decreased from standing to slow walking and further decreased with increasing locomotor speed (p< 0.001). Correspondingly, HMP increased with faster locomotion (p= 0.001). SVS-CoP coherence depended on the gait cycle phase with two distinct peaks occurring at 25 … Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2019.12.083 VL - 131 IS - 4 SP - e219 EP - e220 PB - Elsevier ET - 1. ER - TY - GEN A1 - Salmasi, Mehrdad A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Stemmler, Martin T1 - The optimal number of release sites in synapses with neurotransmitter spillover T2 - Bernstein Conference 2019 Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.12751/nncn.bc2019.0264 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Salmasi, Mehrdad A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Stemmler, Martin T1 - Neurotransmitter spillover redresses the information loss caused by synaptic depression T2 - Lisboa 2019, Conference Lisbon, Portugal, 28 feb - 3 mar Y1 - 2019 UR - http://cosyne.org/cosyne19/Cosyne2019_program_book.pdf SP - 154 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kostorz, Kathrin A1 - Flanagin, Virginia A1 - Glasauer, Stefan T1 - Instructor-observer synchronization of BOLD activity mediated by instructive origami videos T2 - Neuroscience 2018 Y1 - 2018 UR - https://www.abstractsonline.com/pp8/#!/4649/presentation/5751 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Shi, Z. T1 - 150 years of Vierordt’s law: The role of experimental protocol T2 - CA: Society for Neuroscience, 2018 Y1 - 2018 UR - https://www.abstractsonline.com/pp8/#!/4649/presentation/4957 UR - https://www.sfn.org/-/media/SfN/Documents/NEW-SfN/Meetings/Neuroscience-2018/Abstracts/Neuroscience-2018-Abstracts/SFN18_Abstract-PDFs---Theme-J.pdf CY - San Diego ER - TY - GEN A1 - Costalago Meruelo, Alicia A1 - Fleuriet, Jérome A1 - Bakst, Leah A1 - Mustari, Michael J. A1 - Glasauer, Stefan T1 - Modeling and Prediction of Sinusoidal Smooth Pursuit using Artificial Neural Networks T2 - 40th Annual International Conference of the IEEE, Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2018 Y1 - 2018 UR - http://embc.embs.org/2018/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/08/99118-EMBC-Final-Program.pdf UR - https://embs.papercept.net/conferences/conferences/EMBC18/program/EMBC18_ContentListWeb_3.html#thpos-23_09 PB - IEEE EMBC Hawaii ER - TY - GEN A1 - Glasauer, Stefan T1 - Sensorimotor control of smooth pursuit T2 - Neuroscience 2018 Home N2 - Interaction with the visual world critically depends on when and how we move our eyes. Eye movements, in turn, alter our experience of the world by selecting objects to foveate and tracking objects over time. The interaction between vision and eye movements continues indefinitely, one process modulating the strength and timing of the other. Despite this tight linkage, vision is often studied outside the context of eye movements, during stable fixation. Likewise, eye movements are often studied with sparse visual stimuli and under ideal viewing conditions. A more accurate understanding of vision requires studying perception in the context of eye movements. Different types of eye movements reveal different aspects of how the brain works. The continuous nature of tracking smooth pursuit eye movements, combined with its ubiquitous presence in natural vision, makes it an excellent system in which to analyze perception at fine spatial and temporal resolutions. For example, how does vision change during the transition from fixation to pursuit, and when does the brain allocate resources to account for these changes? In contrast, the ballistic nature of saccades requires analysis divided into discrete epochs, including well before the saccade during the planning stage, during saccade execution, and after the movement. At the neuronal level, how do heterogeneous populations of visual- and saccade-related cells come to represent a single saccade vector during these different epochs? What are the effects on visual perception when saccades and pursuit interact? This symposium will reveal how research incorporating both types of eye movements and visual perception can provide a more ecologically valid account of visual-motor integration and the intervening cognitive processes. This symposium will review innovative approaches and recent advances in understanding the interplay of eye movements and vision. We will take a multifaceted approach to understanding the effects of both exploratory (saccades) and tracking (smooth pursuit) eye movements on vision by using a range of methodologies and animal models (data-driven modeling, clinical populations, and simultaneous recordings of neuronal populations; humans, macaques, and marmosets). This symposium will appeal to vision scientists interested in selective attention, motion processing, neuronal modeling, motor control, neural circuits, and related topics. Our collective goal is to uncover the dynamics of visual perception and the candidate neuronal mechanisms that support eye movements. Y1 - 2018 UR - https://www.abstractsonline.com/pp8/#!/4649/presentation/40985 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Knorr, Alexander G. A1 - Gravot, Céline M. A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Straka, Hans T1 - Image motion with color contrast suffices to elicit an optokinetic reflex in Xenopus laevis tadpoles T2 - Scientific Reports N2 - The optokinetic reflex is a closed-loop gaze-stabilizing ocular motor reaction that minimizes residual retinal image slip during vestibulo-ocular reflexes. In experimental isolation, the reflex is usually activated by motion of an achromatic large-field visual background with strong influence of radiance contrast on visual motion estimation and behavioral performance. The presence of color in natural environments, however, suggests that chromatic cues of visual scenes provide additional parameters for image motion detection. Here, we employed Xenopus laevis tadpoles to study the influence of color cues on the performance of the optokinetic reflex and multi-unit optic nerve discharge during motion of a large-field visual scene. Even though the amplitude of the optokinetic reflex decreases with smaller radiance contrast, considerable residual eye movements persist at the ‘point of equiluminance’ of the colored stimuli. Given the color motion preferences of individual optic nerve fibers, the underlying computation potentially originates in retinal circuits. Differential retinal ganglion cell projections and associated ocular motor signal transformation might further reinforce the color dependency in conceptual correspondence with head/body optomotor signaling. Optokinetic reflex performance under natural light conditions is accordingly influenced by radiance contrast as well as by the color composition of the moving visual scene. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-87835-2 SN - 2045-2322 VL - 11 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schröder, Lena A1 - Werder, Dina von A1 - Ramaioli, Cecilia A1 - Wachtler, Thomas A1 - Henningsen, Peter A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Lehnen, Nadine T1 - Unstable Gaze in Functional Dizziness: A Contribution to Understanding the Pathophysiology of Functional Disorders T2 - Frontiers in Neuroscience N2 - Objective: We are still lacking a pathophysiological mechanism for functional disorders explaining the emergence and manifestation of characteristic, severely impairing bodily symptoms like chest pain or dizziness. A recent hypothesis based on the predictive coding theory of brain function suggests that in functional disorders, internal expectations do not match the actual sensory body states, leading to perceptual dysregulation and symptom perception. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the account of internal expectations and sensory input on gaze stabilization, a physiologically relevant parameter of gaze shifts, in functional dizziness. Methods: We assessed gaze stabilization in eight functional dizziness patients and 11 healthy controls during two distinct epochs of large gaze shifts: during a counter- rotation epoch (CR epoch), where the brain can use internal models, motor planning, and resulting internal expectations to achieve internally driven gaze stabilization; and during an oscillation epoch (OSC epoch), where, due to terminated motor planning, no movement expectations are present, and gaze is stabilized by sensory input alone. Results: Gaze stabilization differed between functional patients and healthy controls only when internal movement expectations were involved [F(1,17) = 14.63, p = 0.001, and partial η2 = 0.463]: functional dizziness patients showed reduced gaze stabilization during the CR (p = 0.036) but not OSC epoch (p = 0.26). Conclusion: While sensory-driven gaze stabilization is intact, there are marked, well- measurable deficits in internally-driven gaze stabilization in functional dizziness pointing at internal expectations that do not match actual body states. This experimental evidence supports the perceptual dysregulation hypothesis of functional disorders and is an important step toward understanding the underlying pathophysiology. Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2021.685590 SN - 1662-453X SN - 1662-4548 VL - 15 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Shi, Zhuanghua T1 - The origin of Vierordt's law: The experimental protocol matters T2 - PsyCH Journal N2 - In 1868, Karl Vierordt discovered one type of errors in time perception—an overestimation of short duration and underestimation of long durations, known as Vierordt's law. Here we reviewed the original study in its historical context and asked whether Vierordt's law is a result of an unnatural experimental randomization protocol. Using iterative Bayesian updating, we simulated the original results with high accuracy. Importantly, the model also predicted that a slowly changing random-walk sequence produces less central tendency than a random sequence with the same durations. This was validated by a duration reproduction experiment from two sequences (random and random walk) with the same sampled distribution. The results showed that trial-wise variation influenced the magnitude of Vierordt's law. We concluded that Vierordt's law is caused by an unnatural yet widely used experimental protocol. Y1 - 2021 UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/pchj.464 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1002/pchj.464 SN - 2046-0260 SN - 2046-0252 VL - 10 IS - 5 SP - 732 EP - 741 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Glasauer, Stefan A1 - Shi, Zhuanghua T1 - Differences in beliefs about stimulus generation explain individual perceptual biases T2 - Bernstein Conference 2021, September 21 - 23, 2021 Y1 - 2021 U6 - https://doi.org/10.12751/nncn.bc2021.p052 VL - 2021 ER -