TY - GEN A1 - Genge, Lucien A1 - Scheller, Fabian A1 - Müsgens, Felix T1 - Supply costs of green chemical energy carriers at the European border: A meta-analysis T2 - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy N2 - Importing green chemical energy carriers is crucial for meeting European climate targets. However, estimating the costs of supplying these energy carriers to Europe remains challenging, leading to a wide range of reported supply-cost estimates. This study analyzes the estimated supply costs of green chemical energy carriers at the European border using a dataset of 1050 data points from 30 studies. The results reveal significant variations in supply costs, with a projected four-fold difference in 2030 and a five-fold difference in 2050 across all energy carriers. The main drivers of cost differences are varying production costs, particularly influenced by the weighted average costs of capital and capital expenditures of renewable energy sources, electrolyzers, and carrier-specific conversion processes. Transport costs also contribute to variations, mainly influenced by the choice of energy carrier and the weighted average costs of capital. To optimize cost-efficiency and sustainability in the chemical energy carrier sector, this paper recommends prioritizing transparency and sensitivity analyses of key input parameters, classifying energy carriers based on technological and economic status, and encouraging research and development to reduce production costs. KW - Green chemical energy carriers KW - Hydrogen derivates KW - Hydrogen supply costs KW - Hydrogen production costs KW - Hydrogen transportation costs KW - Meta-analysis Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.06.180 SN - 0360-3199 VL - 48 IS - 98 SP - 38766 EP - 38781 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jalbout, Eddy A1 - Genge, Lucien A1 - Riepin, Iegor A1 - Müsgens, Felix T1 - What do we know about green hydrogen supply costs? T2 - 18th International Conference on the European Energy Market (EEM), 13-15 September 2022, Ljubljana, Slovenia N2 - This paper is set up to answer the question: What do we know about future hydrogen import costs on the European border? Our work focuses on breaking down, structuring and analysing the body of literature on hydrogen supply chains. We provide a comprehensive analysis on (i) What ranges of costs exist in the literature for specific steps of hydrogen supply chains? (ii) Which assumptions show the highest uncertainty? (iii) Related, what assumption seems to have the most substantial effect on the resulting EUR/kgH2 import cost estimate? While we narrow our discussion focus on North Africa and Australia to Europe in 2050, we hope policymakers, research fellows and energy-sector stakeholders around the globe might be interested in our results. KW - Industries KW - Costs KW - Uncertainty KW - Hydrogen KW - Supply chains KW - Europe KW - IEEE Fellows Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-1-6654-0896-7 SN - 978-1-6654-0897-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/EEM54602.2022.9921127 SN - 2165-4093 SN - 2165-4077 SP - 1 EP - 7 PB - IEEE CY - Piscataway, NJ ER - TY - RPRT A1 - Gätsch, Cäcilia A1 - Greitzer, Maria A1 - Stalmann, Benita A1 - Genge, Lucien A1 - Ohle, Leony A1 - Reichenberger, Lukas A1 - Bruns, Tim A1 - Büsen, Klaas A1 - Hauser, Philipp A1 - Arndt, Tabea A1 - Hofmann, Joshua Thibaud A1 - Grote, Monja A1 - Specht, Patrick A1 - Frank, Daniel T1 - H2-Beschleunigungsgesetz: Regulatorische Maßnahmen zur Beschleunigung des Ausbaus von H2-Importterminals KW - Wasserstoff KW - Import KW - Regulatorik Y1 - 2023 U6 - https://doi.org/10.24406/publica-1509 PB - cruh21 GmbH CY - Berlin ER - TY - GEN A1 - Jalbout, Eddy A1 - Genge, Lucien A1 - Müsgens, Felix T1 - H2Europe: an analysis of long-term hydrogen import-potentials from the MENA region T2 - 18th International Conference on the European Energy Market (EEM), 13-15 September 2022, Ljubljana, Slovenia N2 - Our paper assesses the economic viability of green hydrogen exports from the middle east and north Africa to the EU in the long-term (for the year 2050). For this purpose, we simulate a techno-economic hydrogen supply chain based on generation from renewable energy sources. The chain of production, conversion, and transportation costs, in combination with potentials, yields a merit order of hydrogen supply. The paper focuses on one low-cost option for imports from the middle east and north Africa region. In addition, it provides a classification of additional options. We find that due to proximity, retrofitting and potentially even installing new pipelines from Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia could provide nearly half the expected European demand of 60 million tons p.a. by 2050. Based on our assumptions, the costs would be around 2 €/kgH 2 . KW - Renewable energy sources KW - Costs KW - Pipelines KW - Supply chains KW - Green products KW - Europe KW - Hydrogen Y1 - 2022 SN - 978-1-6654-0896-7 SN - 978-1-6654-0897-4 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/EEM54602.2022.9921055 SN - 2165-4093 SN - 2165-4077 SP - 1 EP - 7 PB - IEEE CY - Piscataway, NJ ER -