TY - GEN A1 - Ahmed, Ashour A. A1 - Gypser, Stella A1 - Leinweber, Peter A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Kühn, Oliver T1 - Infrared Spectroscopic Characterization of Phosphate Binding at the Goethite-Water Interface T2 - Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics N2 - The interaction between phosphates and soil mineral surfaces, such as Fe- and Al-(oxyhydr)oxides, plays a crucial role in the P immobilization and thus its availability for plants. The reactions of phosphates with Fe-hydroxides and especially goethite have been studied extensively. But a molecular-level picture about the phosphate binding mechanism at the goethite-water interface is still lacking. Therefore, in the current contribution we have explored the molecular binding mechanism for the adsorbed phosphate at the goethite–water interface by performing sorption kinetics experiments for orthophosphate and characterizing the adsorbed species by FT-IR spectroscopy. In parallel, periodic DFT calculations have been performed to explore the interaction mechanism as well as to calculate the IR spectra for monodentate (M) and bidentate (B) orthophosphate complexes at two different goethite surface planes (010 and 100) in the presence of water. In general, our interaction energy results give evidence that the mono-protonated B phosphate complex is more favored to be formed at the goethite–water interface although the M motif could exist as a minor fraction. Moreover, it was found that water plays an important role in controlling the phosphate adsorption process at the goethite surfaces. The interfacial water molecules form H-bonds (HBs) with the phosphate as well as with the goethite surface atoms. Further, some water molecules form covalent bonds with goethite Fe atoms while others dissociate at the surface to protons and hydroxyl groups. The present theoretical assignment of IR spectra introduces a benchmark for characterizing experimental IR data for the adsorbed KH2PO4 species at the goethite–water interface. In particular, IR spectra of the mono-protonated (2O+1Fe) B complex at the 010 goethite surface plane and the M complex at the 100 goethite surface plane were found to be consistent with the experimental data. In order to explore the role of different abundancies of surface planes and binding motifs, IR spectra obtained from weighted averages have been analyzed. Results confirmed the above conclusions drawn from interaction energy calculations. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1039/C8CP07168C SN - 1463-9084 SN - 1463-9076 VL - 21 SP - 4421 EP - 4434 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Dimitrova, Tsvetelina A1 - Repmann, Frank A1 - Freese, Dirk T1 - Detoxification of ferrocyanide in a soil-plant system T2 - Journal of Environmental Sciences N2 - The detoxification of iron cyanide in a soil–plant system was investigated to assess the total cyanide extracted fromcontaminated soil and allocated in the leaf tissue ofwillowtrees (Salix caprea). They were grown in soil containing up to 1000 mg/kg dry weight (dw) of cyanide (CN), added as 15N-labeled potassium ferrocyanide and prepared with a new method for synthesis of labeled iron cyanides. CN content and 15N enrichment were monitored weekly over the exposure in leaf tissue of different age. The 15N enrichment in the young and old leaf tissue reached up to 15.197‰and 9063‰, respectively; it increased significantly over the exposure and with increasing exposure concentrations (p < 0.05). Although the CN accumulation in the old leaf tissue was higher, compared to the young leaf tissue (p < 0.05), the 15N enrichment in the two tissue types did not differ statistically. This indicates a non-uniform CN accumulation but a uniform 15N allocation throughout the leaf mass. Significant differences were detected between the measured CN content and the C15N content, calculated fromthe 15N enrichment (p < 0.05), revealing a significant CN fraction within the leaf tissue, which could not be detected as ionic CN. The application of labeled iron CN clearly shows that CN is detoxified during uptake by the willows. However, these results do not exclude other detoxification pathways, not related to the trees. Still, they are strongly indicative of the central role the trees played in CN removal and detoxification under the experimental conditions. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2018.06.005 SN - 1001-0742 VL - 77 SP - 54 EP - 64 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kayatz, Benjamin A1 - Baroni, Gabriele A1 - Hillier, Jon A1 - Lüdtke, Stefan A1 - Heathcote, Richard A1 - Malin, Daniella A1 - Tonder, Carl van A1 - Kuster, Benjamin A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. A1 - Wattenbach, Martin T1 - Cool Farm Tool Water: A global on-line tool to assess water use in crop production T2 - Journal of Cleaner Production N2 - The agricultural sector accounts for 70% of all water consumption and poses great pressure on ground water resources. Therefore, evaluating agricultural water consumption is highly important as it allows supply chain actors to identify practices which are associated with unsustainable water use, which risk depleting current water resources and impacting future production. However, these assessments are often not feasible for crop producers as data, models and experiments are required in order to conduct them. This work introduces a new on-line agricultural water use assessment tool that provides the water footprint and irrigation requirements at field scale based on an enhanced FAO56 approach combined with a global climate, crop and soil databases. This has been included in the Cool Farm Tool e an online tool which already provides metrics for greenhouse gas emissions and biodiversity impacts and therefore allows for a more holistic assessment of environmental sustainability in farming and agricultural supply chains. The model is tested against field scale and state level water footprint data providing good results. The tool provides a practical, reliable way to assess agricultural water use, and offers a means to engage growers and stakeholders in identifying efficient water management practices. Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.09.160 SN - 0959-6526 VL - 207 SP - 1163 EP - 1179 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seserman, Diana-Maria A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Swieter, Anita A1 - Langhof, Maren A1 - Veste, Maik T1 - Trade-Off between Energy Wood and Grain Production in Temperate Alley-Cropping Systems: An Empirical and Simulation-Based Derivation of Land Equivalent Ratio T2 - Agriculture N2 - The alley-cropping systems (ACSs), which integrate parallel tree strips at varying distances on an agricultural field can result, complementarity of resource use, in an increased land-use efficiency. Practitioners’ concerns have been directed towards the productivity of such systems given a reduced area covered by agricultural crops. The land equivalent ratio (LER) serves as a valuable productivity indicator of yield performance and land-use efficiency in ACSs, as it compares the yields achieved in monocultures to those from ACSs. Consequently, the objective of this combined experimental and simulation study was to assess the tree- and crop-yields and to derive the LER and gross energy yield for two temperate ACSs in Germany under different design scenarios, i.e., tree arrangements (lee- or wind-ward) and ratios of tree area to crop area. Both LER and gross energy yields resulted in a convex curve where the maximum values were achieved when either the tree or crop component was dominant (>75% of the land area) and minimum when these components shared similar proportions of land area. The implications of several design scenarios have been discussed in order to improve the decision-making, optimization, and adaptation of the design of ACSs with respect to site-specific characteristics Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture9070147 SN - 2077-0472 VL - 9 IS - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Medinski, Tetiana A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Reitz, Thomas T1 - Changes in soil phosphorus balance and phosphorus-use efficiency under long-term fertilization conducted on agriculturally used Chernozem in Germany T2 - Canadian Journal of Soil Science N2 - This study investigates changes in soil phosphorus (P) in different fertilization treatments applied since 1902 on Chernozem soil at a “Static Fertilization Experiment” in Germany. Total and plant-available soil P, and soil P balances were assessed at 0–30, 30–60, and 60–90 cm depth layers in unfertilized “Zero”, mineral “NK” and “NPK”, and combined mineral and organic “FYM + NK” (farmyard manure + NK) and “FYM + NPK” fertilization treatments. P-use efficiencies were determined for each crop in rotation (sugar beet, spring barley, potato, and winter wheat). The 110 yr of P fertilization at rates between 22 and 55 t ha−1 yr−1 resulted in a significant increase of available P contents. P stocks increased up to 60 cm depth. Total P accumulation comprised 1.4 t ha−1 for NPK, 1.3 t ha−1 for FYM + NK, and 3.1 t ha−1 for FYM + NPK. Crops cultivation without P fertilization in Zero and NK treatments resulted in negative P balances and reduction of available P below recommended levels. Reduction of mineral P application rates after 1981, along with crop variety-dependent yield increases, resulted in an improved P-use efficiency. An organic fertilization combined with mineral N and K fertilizers (FYM + NK) was found to be the most P-efficient treatment for Chernozem soils. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1139/cjss-2018-0061 SN - 1918-1841 SN - 0008-4271 VL - 98 IS - 4 SP - 650 EP - 662 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seserman, Diana-Maria A1 - Freese, Dirk T1 - Handling Data Gaps in Reported Field Measurements of Short Rotation Forestry T2 - Data N2 - Filling missing data in forest research is paramount for the analysis of primary data, forest statistics, land use strategies, as well as for the calibration/validation of forest growth models. Consequently, our main objective was to investigate several methods of filling missing data under a reduced sample size. From a complete dataset containing yearly first-rotation tree growth measurements over a period of eight years, we gradually retrieved two and then four years of measurements, hence operating on 72% and 43% of the original data. Secondly, 15 statistical models, five forest growth functions, and one biophysical, process-oriented, tree growth model were employed for filling these data gap representations accounting for 72% and 43% of the available data. Several models belonging to (i) regression analysis, (ii) statistical imputation, (iii) forest growth functions, and (iv) tree growth models were applied in order to retrieve information about the trees from existing yearly measurements. Subsequently, the findings of this study could lead to finding a handy tool for both researchers and practitioners dealing with incomplete datasets. Moreover, we underline the paramount demand for far-sighted, long-term research projects for the expansion and maintenance of a short rotation forestry (SRF) repository. KW - Yield-SAFE KW - Missing Data KW - Regression KW - Imputation Y1 - 2019 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/data4040132 SN - 2306-5729 VL - 4 IS - 4 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Seserman, Diana-Maria A1 - Pohle, Ina A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Freese, Dirk T1 - Simulating Climate Change Impacts on Hybrid-Poplar and Black Locust Short Rotation Coppices T2 - Forestry N2 - In Brandenburg, north-eastern Germany, climate change is associated with increasing annual temperatures and decreasing summer precipitation. Appraising short rotation coppices (SRCs), given their long-time planning horizon demands for systematic assessments of woody biomass production under a considerable spectrum of climate change prospects. This paper investigates the prospective growth sensitivity of poplar and black locust SRCs, established in Brandenburg to a variety of weather conditions and long-term climate change, from 2015 to 2054, by a combined experimental and simulation study. The analysis employed (i) a biophysical, process-based model to simulate the daily tree growth and (ii) 100 realisations of the statistical regional climate model STAR 2K. In the last growing period, the simulations showed that the assumed climate change could lead to a decrease in the woody biomass of about 5 Mg ha -1 (18%) for poplar and a decrease of about 1.7 Mg ha -1 (11%) for black locust trees with respect to the median observed in the reference period. The findings corroborate the potential tree growth vulnerability to prospective climatic changes, particularly to changes in water availability and underline the importance of coping management strategies in SRCs for forthcoming risk assessments and adaptation scenarios. Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/f9070419 SN - 1464-3626 VL - 9 IS - 7 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Quinkenstein, Ansgar A1 - Wöllecke, Jens A1 - Böhm, Christian A1 - Grünewald, Holger A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Schneider, Bernd Uwe A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Ecological benefits of the alley cropping agroforestry system in sensitive regions of Europe T2 - Environmental Science & Policy Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2009.08.008 SN - 1462-9011 VL - 12 IS - 8 SP - 1112 EP - 1121 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Nii-Annang, Seth A1 - Grünewald, Holger A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. A1 - Dilly, Oliver T1 - Microbial activity, organic C accumulation and 13C abundance in soils under alley cropping systems after 9 years of recultivation of quaternary deposits T2 - Biology and Fertility of Soils Y1 - 2009 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-009-0360-4 SN - 1432-0789 VL - 45 IS - 5 SP - 531 EP - 538 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Matos, Eduardo da Silva A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Slazak, Anna A1 - Bachmann, Ute A1 - Veste, Maik A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Organic-carbon and nitrogen stocks and organic-carbon fractions in soils under mixed pine and oak forest stands of different ages in NE Germany T2 - Journal of plant nutrition and soil science Y1 - 2010 SN - 1522-2624 VL - 173 IS - 5 SP - 654 EP - 661 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Slazak, Anna A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Matos, Eduardo da Silva A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Soil organic phosphorus fraction in pine-oak forest stands in Northeastern Germany T2 - Geoderma Y1 - 2010 SN - 0016-7061 VL - 158 IS - 3-4 SP - 156 EP - 162 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Matos, Eduardo da Silva A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Mendonça, Eduardo S. A1 - Slazak, Anna A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Carbon, nitrogen and organic C fractions in topsoil affected by conversion from silviopastoral to different land use systems T2 - Agroforestry Systems Y1 - 2011 SN - 1572-9680 VL - 81 IS - 3 SP - 203 EP - 211 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Matos, Eduardo da Silva A1 - Mendonca, Eduardo S. A1 - Cardoso, Irene Maria A1 - Lima, Paulo César de A1 - Freese, Dirk T1 - Decomposition and nutrient release of leguminous plants in coffee agrofrestry systems T2 - Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo Y1 - 2011 SN - 0100-0683 VL - 35 IS - 1 SP - 141 EP - 149 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Böhm, Christian A1 - Quinkenstein, Ansgar A1 - Freese, Dirk T1 - Yield prediction of young black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) plantations for woody biomass production using allometric relations T2 - Annals of Forest Research Y1 - 2011 SN - 2065-2445 VL - 54 IS - 2 SP - 215 EP - 227 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Matos, Eduardo da Silva A1 - Freese, Dirk A1 - Böhm, Christian A1 - Quinkenstein, Ansgar A1 - Hüttl, Reinhard F. T1 - Organic Matter Dynamics in Reclaimed Lignite Mine Soils under Robinia pseudoacacia L. Plantations of Different Ages in Germany T2 - Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis Y1 - 2012 SN - 1532-2416 VL - 43 IS - 5 SP - 745 EP - 755 ER -