TY - CHAP A1 - Ackom, Emmanuel Kofi A1 - Ertel, Jürgen T1 - Biofuel for rural sustainable development in drought prone Africa- A collaborative development model. N2 - Biofuel technologies offer the potential for reducing the depletion of fossil fuels and the emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. Renewable energy is shifting from the fringe to the mainstream of sustainable development. In Africa, this is primarily due to an abundance of renewable energy sources and characteristics specific to remote rural communities that make fossil fuel based energy systems extremely expensive. It has been argued that jatropha oil, a renewable energy source, currently being promoted in some African countries can be a suitable substitute for diesel. This paper examines the physico-chemical properties of Jatropha oil that makes it a cleaner and locally available diesel fuel substitute. It assesses the potential impacts of the biofuel on the rural economy and presents a development model for a sustained biofuel enterprise aimed at rural economic empowerment in drought prone rural African communities. CD-ROM-Ausgabe KW - Biomass KW - Biofuel Y1 - 2004 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Wongdeethai, Angkarn A1 - Ertel, Jürgen T1 - Life Cycle Assessment of D-Lamp (XENARC) N2 - D-Lamps are high intensity discharge lamps for car headlights, which are the new generation of automotive lighting for tomorrow, but available now. Because of their importance with respect to the materials used, a life cycle assessment has been performed, to identify and quantify energy, material used and wastes released to the environment. In this report, data collections of raw materials, manufacturing processes, and end-of-life of products were accumulated step by step based on self-developed checklists. The manufacturing process is complex and composed of several unit operations, a product inventory cannot be optimally determined by simple measures. Therefore, this study is based specifically on its own system boundaries and hypotheses. The interpretation of the environmental impact was displayed, by the used of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) software tool, in terms of impact categories such as greenhouse effect, acidification, eutrophication etc., thus environmental conclusions can then be drawn from the study. KW - Life Cycle Assessment KW - Environmental Impact KW - Discharge Lamp KW - Manufacturing Process Y1 - 2004 UR - http://egg2004.izm.fraunhofer.de SN - 3-8167-6624-2 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Zechel, Nele A1 - Ertel, Jürgen T1 - Standards of Supporting Eco-design T2 - Eco-X: Ecology and economy in electronics 2005, June 8 - 10, 2005, Vienna, Austria, proceedings Y1 - 2005 PB - KERP-Kompetenzzentrum Elektronik & Umwelt CY - Wien ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ertel, Jürgen T1 - Forschungs- und Entwicklungsbedarf T2 - Neuwertwirtschaft : eine Perspektive für Wirtschaft und Ökologie Y1 - 1996 SN - 3-89367-061-0 SP - 240 EP - 248 PB - Blottner CY - Taunusstein ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ertel, Jürgen T1 - Industrieelektronik T2 - Recycling Handbuch: Strategien - Technologien - Produkte Y1 - 1996 SN - 3-18-401386-3 SP - 464 EP - 468 PB - VDI-Verlag CY - Düsseldorf ER - TY - BOOK A1 - Ertel, Jürgen A1 - Clesle, Frank-Dieter A1 - Bauer, Jakob T1 - Umweltkonforme Produktgestaltung -Handbuch für Entwicklung, Beschaffung, Management und Vertrieb Y1 - 2008 SN - 3-89578-268-8 PB - Erlangen : Publicis ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kehbila, Anderson Gwanyebit A1 - Ertel, Jürgen A1 - Brent, Alan Colin T1 - Strategic corporate environmental management within the South African automotive industry: motivations, benefits, hurdles T2 - Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management KW - South Africa KW - automotive industry KW - environmental management systems (EMSs) KW - ISO 14001 KW - original equipment manufacturers KW - small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) KW - survey/questionnaire Y1 - 2009 VL - 16 IS - 6 SP - 310 EP - 323 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kehbila, Anderson Gwanyebit A1 - Ertel, Jürgen A1 - Brent, Alan Colin T1 - Uptake of Voluntary Environmental Management System Initiatives by South African Automotive Industries Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Cruz-Rivera, Reynaldo A1 - Ertel, Jürgen T1 - Reverse logistics network design for the collection of End-of-Life Vehicles in Mexico N2 - This paper seeks to describe several features of establishing a closed-loop supply chain for the collection of End-of-Life Vehicles in Mexico. To address this task, the problem is handled through Reverse Logistics and is modelled through an Uncapacitated Facility Location Problem. The solution of this model is obtained using software SITATION©. Furthermore, this work also presents a brief description of the current Mexican ELV management system and the future trends in ELV generation in Mexico. The main result is the configuration of three collection networks within Mexico, which correspond to three possible scenarios that consider 100%, 90% and 75%, respectively, of collection coverage. Regions with high ELV generation are identified as well as relevant factors affecting total costs in the reverse supply chain. KW - Location KW - Collection KW - End-of-Life Vehicles KW - Reverse logistics network design KW - Scenarios Y1 - 2009 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Tangang Yuntenwi, Ernestine Andandoh A1 - Ertel, Jürgen A1 - Cheo, Victor Ngu T1 - Standards of Implementing Renewable Energy Technologies in Cameroon N2 - Renewable Energy (RE) sometimes referred to as "clean energy" or "green power" can be defined as any energy source that is naturallyoccurring and that cannot, in theory, be exhausted. RE sources include solar energy, biomass, tidal, wind or wave power, geothermal energy (English Dictionary Online 2003). Renewable energy is obtained from sources that are essentially inexhaustible. The reverse is true for non renewable such as fossil fuels, of which there is a finite supply (NATSOURCE 2005). Y1 - 2008 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Wongdeethai, Angkarn A1 - Ertel, Jürgen T1 - The Need for Developing Thresholds for the Recycling Rate of Products in Thailand N2 - Achieving sustainable development requires greater responsibility of each single person to take care the ecosystems onwhich all life depends, for the generations that will follow our own (Annan 2005). We can wait until a crisis forces us to dosomething. Or we can commit to working together, and start by asking the tough questions: How do we meet the needs of the developing world and those of industrialised nations? What role will recycling-oriented product/society play? What is the best way to protect the environment? Whatever actions we take, we must look not just to next year, but to the next 50 years (O'Reilly 2005). Y1 - 2008 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ertel, Jürgen T1 - The Greening of Industry - A Term from the Past or for the Future? Y1 - 2001 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Ertel, Jürgen T1 - Plastics Recycling in China and Tanzania - State of the Art and Economic Situation T2 - Proceedings of ECO-X 2007 Second International Conference, ECO-X, Tech Gate Vienna, May 9 - 11, 2007 Y1 - 2007 SN - 978-3-200-00920-2 PB - KERP CY - Vienna ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Amoah, Benedicta A1 - Ertel, Jürgen T1 - Environmental Impact of Nano Technology on Human Health N2 - Abstract Technological deployment has aided humankind immeasurably in raising living standards, controlling disease, and expanding our resource base. Successful use of new and efficient technologies is an important component of most future sustainability strategies. As such, research aims to develop innovative compounds and products that can significantly enhance product performances and inevitably the quality of life for consumers. This is what research into Nanotechnology hopes to achieve. Y1 - 2008 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Kehbila, Anderson Gwanyebit A1 - Ertel, Jürgen A1 - Brent, Alan Colin T1 - Corporate sustainability, ecological modernization and the policy process in the South African automotive industry T2 - Business Strategy and the Environment KW - corporate sustainability KW - ecological modernization KW - policy process KW - environmental management system (EMS) KW - ISO 14001 KW - South Africa KW - automotive industry Y1 - 2009 UR - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/123210340/PDFSTART SN - 1099-0836 SN - 0964-4733 VL - 19 IS - 7 SP - 453 EP - 465 ER - TY - CHAP A1 - Zechel, Nele A1 - Ertel, Jürgen T1 - Reparieren: Kern der Neuwertwirtschaft Y1 - 2007 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Mittelstädt, Mandy A1 - Ertel, Jürgen A1 - Hanke, André T1 - Start frei für Ökochips: Teil 2: Schadstoffanalyse bei DRAM-Modulen Y1 - 2005 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ackom, Emmanuel Kofi A1 - Ertel, Jürgen T1 - An Alternative Energy Approch to Combating Desertification and Promotion of Sustainable Development in Drought Regions T2 - Forum der Forschung Y1 - 2005 SN - 0947-6989 IS - 18 SP - 74 EP - 77 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ugochukwu, Collins Norberth Chinedu A1 - Ertel, Jürgen A1 - Schmidt, Michael T1 - Environmental Sustainability and Sustainable Development Issues in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria T2 - Forum der Forschung Y1 - 2008 SN - 0947-6989 VL - 13 IS - 21 SP - 151 EP - 156 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Hristozov, Danail A1 - Ertel, Jürgen T1 - Nanotechnology and Sustaibability: Benefits and Risks of Nanotechnology for Environmental Sustainability T2 - Forum der Forschung Y1 - 2009 SN - 0947-6989 VL - 13 IS - 22 SP - 161 EP - 168 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Alemagi, Dieudonne A1 - Sondo, Venan A. A1 - Ertel, Jürgen T1 - Constraints to Environmental Impact Assessment Practice: A Case Study of Cameroon N2 - Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) practice in Cameroon has been plagued with many constraints especially from the infrastructure and EIA resource perspective. The present legal and procedural disposition vis-Ã -vis EIA in Cameroon is monumental and manifest some clarity of expositionwith regards to the practical and fundamental steps for EIA practice in the country. However, a number of impediments still prevail that deter the full efficiency of this legislation. In search for explanations to this trend, this study was conducted to examine the current framework governing EIA in Cameroon implemented in February 2005. Content analysis and interviews with stakeholders in the EIA process were undertaken to identify key barriers associated with EIA practice in Cameroon. The paper maintains that inadequate baseline data, procedural flaws in scoping, exorbitant administrative fees, absence of an appeal procedure, unclear proviso, incompetent personnel and over centralisation of EIA powers are key barriers that appear to impede a healthy EIA practice in Cameroon. In conclusion, it is submitted that for a robust EIA practice to prevail in Cameroon, there is an urgent need for a great deal of focus on the recommendations prescribed within the context of the paper. KW - Environmental Impact Assessment KW - legal and procedural framework KW - Cameroon KW - evaluation Y1 - 2007 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Yuntenwi, Ernestine A.T. A1 - Ertel, Jürgen A1 - MacCarty, Nordica A1 - Still, Dean T1 - Laboratory study of the effects of moisture content on heat transfer and combustion efficiency of three biomass cook stoves N2 - The effect of wood moisture content on the performance and emissions of biomass-fired stoves was assessed using the laboratory-based water boiling test. This test yielded a number of performance indicators (time to boil water, specific fuel consumption and energy efficiency) when the stove was operated at both high and low power. When combined with emission measurements, combustion efficiency was investigated as well. This paper presents an integrated efficiency evaluation of the traditional open fire, an Aprovecho rocket stove from China and a "skirt" stove which were all tested each at 5%, 15% and 30% moisture content (wet basis) of wood. Results showed that an increase in moisture content increased efficiency up to a point. Extremely dry or over-wet fuel inhibited combustion efficiency. Overall, the type of stove exhibited a stronger effect on the total emissions than did the moisture level in the fuel. KW - Moisture content KW - biomass cook stoves KW - emission factors KW - combustion efficiency KW - heat transfer efficiency Y1 - 2008 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ackom, Emmanuel Kofi A1 - Ertel, Jürgen T1 - An Alternative Energy Approach to Combating Desertification and Promotion of Sustainable Development in Drought Regions Y1 - 2005 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Kehbila, Anderson Gwanyebit A1 - Ertel, Jürgen A1 - Brent, Alan Colin T1 - Sustainability appraisal of used vehicle trade policy options in sub-Saharan African countries N2 - This paper examines the structure of contemporary vehicle mitigation commitments after lead gasoline phase out in sub-Sahara Africa. First, this paper reviews some of the leading domestic trade policy proposals (emission reduction actions) with regard to their expected technology impacts. Next, it assesses the options based on establishing benchmarks for measuring policy performance in curbing vehicle emissions simultaneously with core sustainable development priorities. Assessing these options identifies the key variables in designing mitigation commitments, offers criteria for evaluating different approaches and discusses the implications of the leading alternatives. This paper argues that a more pronounced dilemma of synergies exists between vehicle emissions reduction and core development concerns as the major players target emissions too narrowly. Finally, this paper sheds more light on strategies that could be employed simultaneously at the regional and domestic levels to enhance sustainable development as trade continues to grow and evolve. KW - Sustainability appraisal KW - Sub-Sahara Africa KW - Vehicle emissions KW - Clean air initiative KW - Trade policy KW - Criteria analysis Y1 - 2008 UR - http://www.springerlink.com/content/y4806l358689574g/fulltext.pdf ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Cruz-Rivera, Reynaldo A1 - Ertel, Jürgen T1 - Acumulaciôn de productos al final de su vida útil en México, el caso de los vehîculos automotores. Current and future generation of end-of-life products in México, the automotive vehicles case N2 - The present work carries out an approximation in the calculation of the current number of End-of-Life Vehicles (ELV) in México. The vehicles taken into account are passenger cars and light trucks, which due to their large number represent almost 70% of the total vehicular fleet in México. This work describes, in a first instance, the diverse factors affecting the number of ELV; after this, the available information about the most relevant features of theMexican fleet is presented. Based on historical data, it is estimated that current number of ELV in México is around 690,000 units. In the second part, two probable scenarios are established for the future growth of the Mexican vehicular fleet. Using these data as inputs, it is implemented the Weibull distribution. The iterative implementation of this tool generates the curves that describe the retirement of vehicles in the midterm. The result of this implementation estimates that the number of ELV for 2020 is around one million units. KW - ELV KW - vehicular retirement KW - Weibull distribution KW - vehicular fleet KW - special waste Y1 - 2008 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Ugochukwu, Collins Norberth Chinedu A1 - Ertel, Jürgen T1 - Negative Impacts of Oil Exploration on Biodiversity Management in the Niger Delta Area of Nigeria N2 - Environmental pollution arising from oil prospecting and exploration in the Niger Delta area of Nigeria has impacted negatively on the biodiversity of the affected areas. The main stresses arise from leakages of crude oil, gas flaring and the escape of other chemicals used in production processes. Effects on the flora and fauna of freshwater ecosystems in this part of Nigeria have been noticed. The government has established laws for protection of the environment from oil exploration, but these must be made effective in terms of implementation, enforcement and monitoring by responsible agencies. The oil companies operating in this region have also contributed to reducing the impacts of their activities on the host environment. This paper discusses the various impacts that oil production has had so far on the biodiversity of this unique part of Nigeria, and reports on efforts made by the government, oil companies and non-governmental organizations to remedy the situation. Y1 - 2008 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Alemagi, Dieudonne A1 - Ertel, Jürgen A1 - Oben, P. M. T1 - A survey of environmental management system initiatives in industries along the Atlantic coast of Cameroon Y1 - 2006 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Alemagi, Dieudonne A1 - Ertel, Jürgen A1 - Oben, P. M. T1 - Implementing environmental management systems in industries along the Atlantic coast of Cameroon: drivers, benefits and barriers JF - Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management Y1 - 2006 SN - 1535-3966 VL - 13 IS - 4 SP - 221 EP - 232 ER - TY - JOUR A1 - Alemagi, Dieudonne A1 - Ertel, Jürgen A1 - Oben, P. M. T1 - Mitigating Industrial Pollution Along the Atlantic Coast of Cameroon: An Overview of Government Efforts Y1 - 2006 ER -