TY - CHAP A1 - Ismail, Amr A1 - Herajy, Mostafa A1 - Heiner, Monika A1 - Atlam, Elsayed T1 - An Efficient Approach for the Hybrid Simulation of Intracellular Calcium Dynamics T2 - 13th International Conference on Computer Engineering and Systems (ICCES), 18-19 Dec. 2018, Cairo, Egypt Y1 - 2018 SN - 978-1-5386-5111-7 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCES.2018.8639261 SP - 665 EP - 670 PB - IEEE CY - Piscataway, NJ ER - TY - GEN A1 - Ismail, Amr A1 - Herajy, Mostafa A1 - Atlam, Elsayed A1 - Heiner, Monika ED - Hong, Jing-song T1 - A Graphical Approach for Hybrid Simulation of 3D Diffusion Bio-Models via Coloured Hybrid Petri Nets T2 - Modelling and Simulation in Engineering N2 - Three-dimensional modelling of biological systems is imperative to study the behaviour of dynamic systems that require the analysis of how their components interact in space. However, there are only a few formal tools that offer a convenient modelling of such systems. The traditional approach to construct and simulate 3D models is to build a system of partial differential equations (PDEs). Although this approach may be computationally efficient and has been employed by many researchers over the years, it is not always intuitive since it does not provide a visual depiction of the modelled systems. Indeed, a visual modelling can help to conceive a mental image which eventually contributes to the understanding of the problem under study. Coloured Hybrid Petri Nets () are a high-level representation of classical Petri nets that offer hybrid as well as spatial modelling of biological systems. In addition to their graphical representations, models are also scalable. This paper shows how can be used to construct and simulate systems that require three-dimensional as well as hybrid (stochastic/continuous) modelling. We use calcium diffusion in three dimensions to illustrate our main ideas. More specifically, we show that creating 3D models using can yield more flexible models as the structure can be easily scaled up and down by just modifying a few parameters. This advantage of convenient model configuration facilitates the design of different experiments without the need to alter the model structure. Y1 - 2020 UR - https://www.hindawi.com/journals/mse/2020/4715172/ U6 - https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/4715172 SN - 1687-5605 ER -