TY - GEN A1 - Schäfer-Bung, Boris A1 - Hartmann, Carsten A1 - Schmidt, Burkhard A1 - Schütte, Christof T1 - Dimension reduction by balanced truncation: Application to light-induced control of open quantum systems T2 - The Journal of Chemical Physics Y1 - 2011 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3605243 SN - 1089-7690 VL - 135 IS - 1 SP - 014112 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Schmidt, Burkhard A1 - Hartmann, Carsten T1 - WavePacket: A Matlab package for numerical quantum dynamics.II : Open quantum systems, optimal control, and model reduction T2 - Computer Physics Communications Y1 - 2018 U6 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpc.2018.02.022 SN - 0010-4655 VL - 228 SP - 229 EP - 244 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Benner, Peter A1 - Breiten, Tobias A1 - Hartmann, Carsten A1 - Schmidt, Burkhard T1 - Model reduction of controlled Fokker-Planck and Liouville-von Neumann equations T2 - American Institute of Mathematical Sciences Y1 - 2020 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3934/jcd.2020001 SN - 2158-2491 SN - 2158-2505 VL - 7 IS - 1 SP - 1 EP - 33 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Lehnert, Lukas W. A1 - Thies, Boris A1 - Trachte, Katja A1 - Achilles, Sebastian A1 - Osses, Pablo A1 - Baumann, Karen A1 - Schmidt, Jakob A1 - Samolov, Elena A1 - Jung, Patrick A1 - Leinweber, Peter A1 - Karsten, Ulf A1 - Büdel, Burkhard A1 - Bendix, Jörg T1 - A Case Study on Fog/Low Stratus Occurrence at Las Lomitas, Atacama Desert (Chile) as a Water Source for Biological Soil Crusts T2 - Aerosol and Air Quality Research N2 - The Atacama Desert is well known for the high occurrence of large-scale fog (spatial extents: hundreds of kilometers) emerging as low stratus (LST) decks over the Pacific Ocean. By contrast, the small-scale and heterogeneous occurrence of small-scale fog (hundreds of meters) particularly during summers is widely unconsidered. However, these events are important for the local vegetation and particularly for the biological soil crusts (BSC) that are widely distributed in this extreme ecosystem. Consequently, a case study in a typical fog oasis in the Pan de Azúcar National Park was conducted to test the feasibility combining field measurements, drone profiling, remote sensing and numerical modeling (i) to investigate fog-type specific differences regarding dynamics, physical properties and formation, (ii) to test the applicability of remote sensing technology for fog monitoring based on existing low-resolution and a proposed new high-resolution product and (iii) to estimate the related fog water input to BSCs. Two types of fog were observed. The well-known fog/LST deck emerging from the Pacific Ocean with high water path and large spatial extent was the first type. Fog of the second type was patchier, small-scale and not necessarily connected to the LST over the ocean. Instead, fog formation of the second type was related to thermal breeze systems, which produced shallow clouds containing less water than those of type 1. In general, such small-scale fog events were not captured well by existing remote sensing products but could be detected with the proposed new high-resolution product which provided promising results. Both fog types were important water resources for the BSCs, with approximately 8% to 24% of the fog water flux available to the BSCs at the surface. The results indicated the feasibility of the proposed methods’ pool to estimate the water budget of BSCs with a high spatial resolution in the future. KW - Orographic fog KW - Landsat KW - WRF-modeling KW - Biological soil crusts KW - Vertical fog droplet spectra Y1 - 2017 U6 - https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2017.01.0021 SN - 1680-8584 SN - 2071-1409 VL - 18 IS - 1 SP - 254 EP - 269 ER -