TY - GEN A1 - Khan, Naveed Ahmad A1 - Michalk, Silke A1 - Sarachuk, Kirill A1 - Hafiz, Ali Javed T1 - If You Aim Higher Than You Expect, You Could Reach Higher Than You Dream: Leadership and Employee Performance T2 - Economies N2 - Leadership is about lifting a person’s vision, raising their productivity to higher standards and creating a personality beyond their usual capabilities. Our study examines the Pygmalion effect and leader-member exchange (LMX) on employee task performance via organizational commitment. The data was collected from 280 middle-level managers from top ten banks in Pakistan. This study offers three main contributions to the literature. First, our results discover a strong link between the Pygmalion effect, LMX and employees’ task performance through mediation of organizational commitment. Secondly, our study indicates that leaders should have higher quality relationships with employees and higher task performance expectations. Finally, most previous studies focused on leadership approaches or have been conducted in western developed countries. To our knowledge, this study is a unique contribution to the literature on leaders’ expectations in changing and diverse environments, as in underdeveloped countries like Pakistan. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7099/10/6/123 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/economies10060123 SN - 2227-7099 VL - 10 IS - 6 ER - TY - GEN A1 - Khan, Naveed Ahmad A1 - Mihoci, Andrija A1 - Michalk, Silke A1 - Sarachuk, Kirill A1 - Javed, Hafiz Ali T1 - Employee Performance Measures appraised by Training and Labour Market: Evidence from the Banking Sector of Germany T2 - Administrative Science N2 - Our paper examines the impact of training outputs and employment factors on several facets of employee performance while supporting managerial decision-making in the banking sector. First, we introduce four performance measures in individual productivity assessment. Second, three identified groups of covariates are associated with these measures, namely, the training method success, delivery of knowledge, and labor market performance feedback. Based on our empirical results from Germany, we suggest that response-related decisions are accompanying bank employees’ profiles and appraisal. In particular, we form decision-making functions and finally show that the banking industry successfully balances between internal and external factors in optimizing employees’ performance. Y1 - 2022 UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3387/12/4/143 U6 - https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci12040143 SN - 2076-3387 VL - 12 IS - 4 SP - 1 EP - 13 ER -