<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<export-example>
  <doc>
    <id>33798</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2024</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>12</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume>417</volume>
    <type>articler</type>
    <publisherName>Elsevier BV</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2024-07-03</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Low temperature hydrogen sensor with high sensitivity based on CeOx thin film</title>
    <abstract language="eng">In this work, a 500 nm-thick cerium oxide thin film was prepared by electron beam evaporation. It was found that the deposition of 7 nm thick Pd catalyst was required for obtaining a sensor response to hydrogen. The Pd/CeOx sensing structure has a high response of 5000 towards 25 ppm H2 at a working temperature of 200 °C and exhibits a sensor response of 1.3 at temperatures near ambient. Furthermore, the sensing structure exhibited excellent response/recovery kinetics. The results confirm that the CeOx-based materials are a promising material for the fabrication of room-temperature hydrogen sensors.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1016/j.snb.2024.136148</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">0925-4005</identifier>
    <enrichment key="opus_doi_flag">true</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus_doi_json">{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,29]],"date-time":"2024-06-29T23:10:49Z","timestamp":1719702649575},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727740800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727740800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,17]],"date-time":"2024-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718582400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014434","name":"National Agency for Academic Exchange","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001655","name":"German Academic Exchange Service","doi-asserted-by":"publisher"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,15]],"date-time":"2024-06-15T03:08:53Z","timestamp":1718420933000},"page":"136148","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Low temperature hydrogen sensor with high sensitivity based on CeOx thin film"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"417","author":[{"given":"Paulina","family":"Kapu\u015bcik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Damian","family":"Wojcieszak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Patrycja","family":"Pokora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ewa","family":"Ma\u0144kowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jaros\u0142aw","family":"Domaradzki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"Mazur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"Mazur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Kosto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Morales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"Kot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jan Ingo","family":"Flege","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148_bib1","series-title":"Cerium Oxide (CeO\u2082): Synthesis, Properties and Applications","first-page":"1","article-title":"Cerium and Cerium Oxide: A Brief Introduction","author":"Scir\u00e8","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148_bib2","series-title":"Cerium Oxide (CeO\u2082): Synthesis, Properties and Applications","first-page":"13","article-title":"Synthesis and properties of cerium oxide-based materials","author":"Melchionna","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4077","DOI":"10.1109\/TED.2021.3093842","article-title":"Study of a new hydrogen gas sensor synthesized with a sputtered cerium oxide thin film and evaporated palladium nanoparticles","volume":"68","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Electron Devices"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inoche.2021.108692","article-title":"The gas sensor utilizing CeO2 nanorods for the low temperature detection of hydrogen","volume":"130","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Inorg. Chem. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2017.07.093","article-title":"Ultra-high sensitive and selective H2 gas sensor manifested by interface of n\u2013n heterostructure of CeO2-SnO2 nanoparticles","volume":"254","author":"Motaung","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators, B: Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2017.05.008","article-title":"Characterization of a novel gas sensor using sintered ceria nanoparticles for hydrogen detection in vacuum conditions","volume":"250","author":"Suzuki","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators B: Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/0957-4484\/18\/12\/125502","article-title":"Columnar CeO2 nanostructures for sensor application","volume":"18","author":"Barreca","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nanotechnology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2023.134210","article-title":"Humidity-resistant ethanol gas sensors based on electrospun tungsten-doped cerium oxide hollow nanofibers","volume":"393","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators B: Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2011.12.036","article-title":"Temperature independent resistive oxygen sensor prepared using zirconia-doped ceria powders","volume":"162","author":"Chen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators B: Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-4005(02)00224-1","article-title":"Resistive oxygen gas sensors based on CeO2 fine powder prepared using mist pyrolysis","volume":"87","author":"Izu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators B: Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2021.130098","article-title":"20-nm-Nanogap oxygen gas sensor with solution-processed cerium oxide","volume":"343","author":"Phan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators, B: Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10821","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2019.2931766","article-title":"RF sputtered CeO2 thin films-based oxygen sensors","volume":"19","author":"Ramshanker","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Sens. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3033","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2008.08.058","article-title":"Carbon monoxide gas-sensing properties of CeO2-ZnO thin films","volume":"255","author":"Al-Kuhaili","year":"2008","journal-title":"Appl. Surf. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2008.06.049","article-title":"Carbon monoxide gas-sensing properties of electron-beam deposited cerium oxide thin films","volume":"134","author":"Durrani","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators, B: Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1179\/174328409X443209","article-title":"Carbon monoxide gas-sensing properties of CeO2-WO3 thin films","volume":"26","author":"Al-Kuhaili","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9061","DOI":"10.1021\/jp7117778","article-title":"Single CeO2 nanowire gas sensor supported with Pt nanocrystals: Gas sensitivity, surface bond states, and chemical mechanism","volume":"112","author":"Liao","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. C."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matlet.2021.131174","article-title":"Films based on cerium oxide sensitive to carbon monoxide","volume":"308","author":"Fernandes Vaz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mater. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2020.04.261","article-title":"Band-gap-tunable CeO2 nanoparticles for room-temperature NH3 gas sensors","volume":"46","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ceram. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2017.08.149","article-title":"Enhanced NH3 gas-sensing performance of silica modified CeO2 nanostructure based sensors","volume":"255","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators, B: Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matchemphys.2021.125453","article-title":"One-pot synthesis of plate-like CeO2 nanosheets for sensing NH3 gas at room temperature","volume":"277","author":"Su","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mater. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2018.01.327","article-title":"Highly sensitive NH3 gas sensor based on the porous Ce0.94Zr0.06O2 nano-sheets with ppb level detection limit","volume":"742","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Alloy. Compd."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2022.132241","article-title":"Ammonia sensing characteristics of a cerium oxide thin film coated with platinum nanoparticles","volume":"369","author":"Niu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators B: Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148_bib23","first-page":"651","article-title":"Microstructural, optical and gas sensing characterization of laser ablated nanostructured ceria thin films","volume":"27","author":"Nagaraju","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/bios8040116","article-title":"Cerium oxide-tungsten oxide core-shell nanowire-based microsensors sensitive to acetone","volume":"8","author":"Tomi\u0107","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biosensors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14095","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.9b18863","article-title":"Fabrication of a micro-electromechanical system-based acetone gas sensor using CeO2 nanodot-decorated WO3 Nanowires","volume":"12","author":"Yuan","year":"2020","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19624","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2018.07.212","article-title":"Unique polyhedron CeO2 nanostructures for superior formaldehyde gas-sensing performances","volume":"44","author":"Hussain","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ceram. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1007\/s12034-014-0074-6","article-title":"CeO2 thin film as a low-temperature formaldehyde sensor in mixed vapour environment","volume":"37","author":"Pandeeswari","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bull. Mater. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2016.04.311","article-title":"Hydrothermally synthesized CeO2 nanowires for H2S sensing at room temperature","volume":"682","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Alloy. Compd."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2019.144356","article-title":"Gas sensors based on CeO2 nanoparticles prepared by chemical precipitation method and their temperature-dependent selectivity towards H2S and NO2 gases","volume":"505","author":"Oosthuizen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl. Surf. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148_bib30","series-title":"Handbook of X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy: A reference book of standard spectra for identification and interpretation of XPS data (Physical Electronics Division","author":"Moulder","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1002\/sia.740200604","article-title":"XPS Study of the reduction of cerium dioxide","volume":"20","author":"Romeo","year":"1993","journal-title":"Surf. Interface Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148_bib32","article-title":"Use and mis-use of x-ray photoemission spectroscopy Ce3d spectra of Ce2O3 and CeO 2","volume":"30","author":"Paparazzo","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Phys.: Condens. Matter"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.elspec.2008.10.003","article-title":"Cerium oxide stoichiometry alteration via Sn deposition: Influence of temperature","volume":"169","author":"Sk\u00e1la","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Electron Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssi.2003.08.025","article-title":"Characteristics of e-beam deposited electrochromic CeO2 thin films","volume":"165","author":"Porqueras","year":"2003","journal-title":"Solid State Ion."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.3390\/coatings13020316","article-title":"Improved methodology of cross-sectional SEM analysis of thin-film multilayers prepared by magnetron sputtering","volume":"13","author":"Sikora","year":"2023","journal-title":"Coatings"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cap.2010.11.053","article-title":"Study of nanocrystalline ceria thin films deposited by e-beam technique","author":"Anwar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr. Appl. Phys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tsf.2020.137856","article-title":"Influence of post-process annealing temperature on structural, optical, mechanical and corrosion properties of mixed TiO2-WO3 thin films","volume":"698","author":"Obstarczyk","year":"2020","journal-title":"Thin Solid Films"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.susc.2004.05.138","article-title":"Cerium oxidation state in ceria nanoparticles studied with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and absorption near edge spectroscopy","volume":"563","author":"Zhang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Surf. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/am.2013.88","article-title":"Cerium oxide nanoparticle: a remarkably versatile rare earth nanomaterial for biological applications","volume":"6","author":"Xu","year":"2014","journal-title":"NPG Asia Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1002\/sia.2686","article-title":"Ce 3d XPS investigation of cerium oxides and mixed cerium oxide (CexTiyOz)","author":"B\u00eache","year":"2008","journal-title":"Surf. Interface Anal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.snb.2022.132957","article-title":"Conductometric H2 sensors at room temperature based on palladium nanoparticles on ceria","volume":"375","author":"Song","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sens. Actuators B: Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8475","DOI":"10.1039\/c2ee22310d","article-title":"Nanostructured ceria-based materials: synthesis, properties, and applications","volume":"5","author":"Sun","year":"2012","journal-title":"Energy Environ. Sci."}],"container-title":["Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0925400524008785?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0925400524008785?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,29]],"date-time":"2024-06-29T22:33:24Z","timestamp":1719700404000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0925400524008785"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"references-count":42,"alternative-id":["S0925400524008785"],"URL":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148","relation":{},"ISSN":["0925-4005"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0925-4005","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Low temperature hydrogen sensor with high sensitivity based on CeOx thin film","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.snb.2024.136148","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"136148"}}</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus_crossrefDocumentType">journal-article</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus_crossrefLicence">https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus_import_origin">crossref</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus_doiImportPopulated">PersonAuthorFirstName_1,PersonAuthorLastName_1,PersonAuthorFirstName_2,PersonAuthorLastName_2,PersonAuthorFirstName_3,PersonAuthorLastName_3,PersonAuthorFirstName_4,PersonAuthorLastName_4,PersonAuthorFirstName_5,PersonAuthorLastName_5,PersonAuthorFirstName_6,PersonAuthorLastName_6,PersonAuthorFirstName_7,PersonAuthorLastName_7,PersonAuthorFirstName_8,PersonAuthorLastName_8,PersonAuthorFirstName_9,PersonAuthorLastName_9,PersonAuthorFirstName_10,PersonAuthorLastName_10,PersonAuthorFirstName_11,PersonAuthorLastName_11,PublisherName,TitleMain_1,Language,TitleParent_1,ArticleNumber,Volume,PublishedYear,IdentifierIssn,Enrichmentopus_crossrefLicence</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="BTU">an der BTU erstellt / created at BTU</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="Referiert">Beitrag ist referiert / Article peer-reviewed</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="RelationnotEU">57656558</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="BTUfunderNamenotEU">DAAD</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">doi-import</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="Fprofil">1 Energiewende und Dekarbonisierung / Energy Transition and Decarbonisation</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="Fprofil">4 Künstliche Intelligenz und Sensorik / Artificial Intelligence and Sensor Technology</enrichment>
    <author>
      <firstName>Paulina</firstName>
      <lastName>Kapuścik</lastName>
    </author>
    <submitter>
      <firstName>Karsten</firstName>
      <lastName>Henkel</lastName>
    </submitter>
    <author>
      <firstName>Damian</firstName>
      <lastName>Wojcieszak</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Patrycja</firstName>
      <lastName>Pokora</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Ewa</firstName>
      <lastName>Mańkowska</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Jarosław</firstName>
      <lastName>Domaradzki</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Michał</firstName>
      <lastName>Mazur</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Piotr</firstName>
      <lastName>Mazur</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Yuliia</firstName>
      <lastName>Kosto</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Carlos</firstName>
      <lastName>Morales</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Małgorzata</firstName>
      <lastName>Kot</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Jan Ingo</firstName>
      <lastName>Flege</lastName>
    </author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Cerium oxide</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Thin film</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Hydrogen sensing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Low operating temperature</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="1503">FG Angewandte Physik und Halbleiterspektroskopie</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>30949</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2023</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst/>
    <pageLast/>
    <pageNumber>17</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue>10</issue>
    <volume>16</volume>
    <type>articler</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2023-05-23</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">WO3 Thin-Film Optical Gas Sensors Based on Gasochromic Effect towards Low Hydrogen Concentrations</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Hydrogen gas sensors have recently attracted increased interest due to the explosive nature of H2 and its strategic importance in the sustainable global energy system. In this paper, the tungsten oxide thin films deposited by innovative gas impulse magnetron sputtering have been investigated in terms of their response to H2. It was found that the most favourable annealing temperature in terms of sensor response value, as well as response and recovery times, was achieved at 673 K. This annealing process caused a change in the WO3 cross-section morphology from a featureless and homogenous form to a rather columnar one, but still maintaining the same surface homogeneity. In addition to that, the full-phase transition from an amorphous to nanocrystalline form occurred with a crystallite size of 23 nm. It was found that the sensor response to only 25 ppm of H2 was equal to 6.3, which is one of the best results presented in the literature so far of WO3 optical gas sensors based on a gasochromic effect. Moreover, the results of the gasochromic effect were correlated with the changes in the extinction coefficient and the concentration of the free charge carriers, which is also a novel approach to the understanding of the gasochromic phenomenon.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Materials</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="issn">1996-1944</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.3390/ma16103831</identifier>
    <enrichment key="BTU">an der BTU erstellt / created at BTU</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="RelationnotEU">57656558</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="BTUfunderNamenotEU">DAAD</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="Artikelnummer">3831</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="Publikationsweg">Open Access</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="Fprofil">1 Energiewende und Dekarbonisierung / Energy Transition and Decarbonisation</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="Fprofil">4 Künstliche Intelligenz und Sensorik / Artificial Intelligence and Sensor Technology</enrichment>
    <author>
      <firstName>Michał</firstName>
      <lastName>Mazur</lastName>
    </author>
    <submitter>
      <firstName>Karsten</firstName>
      <lastName>Henkel</lastName>
    </submitter>
    <author>
      <firstName>Paulina</firstName>
      <lastName>Kapuścik</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Wiktoria</firstName>
      <lastName>Weichbrodt</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Jarosław</firstName>
      <lastName>Domaradzki</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Piotr</firstName>
      <lastName>Mazur</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Małgorzata</firstName>
      <lastName>Kot</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Jan Ingo</firstName>
      <lastName>Flege</lastName>
    </author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Tungsten oxide (WO3)</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>gas impulse magnetron sputtering</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>thin film</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>gasochromic properties</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>optical properties</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>annealing</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>optical hydrogen gas sensor</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="1503">FG Angewandte Physik und Halbleiterspektroskopie</collection>
  </doc>
</export-example>
