<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<export-example>
  <doc>
    <id>18966</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2016</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>533</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>540</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>8</issue>
    <volume>75</volume>
    <type>articler</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2017-03-03</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Graphene Synthesis and Processing on Ge Substrates</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">ECS transactions</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1149/07508.0533ecst</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1938-6737</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1938-5862</identifier>
    <enrichment key="BTU">an der BTU erstellt / created at BTU</enrichment>
    <author>
      <firstName>Mindaugas</firstName>
      <lastName>Lukosius</lastName>
    </author>
    <submitter>
      <firstName>Marion</firstName>
      <lastName>Tülling</lastName>
    </submitter>
    <author>
      <firstName>Gunther</firstName>
      <lastName>Lippert</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Jarek Marek</firstName>
      <lastName>Dabrowski</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Julia</firstName>
      <lastName>Kitzmann</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Marco</firstName>
      <lastName>Lisker</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Philipp</firstName>
      <lastName>Kulse</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Andreas</firstName>
      <lastName>Krüger</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Oksana</firstName>
      <lastName>Fursenko</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Ioan</firstName>
      <lastName>Costina</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Andreas</firstName>
      <lastName>Trusch</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Yuji</firstName>
      <lastName>Yamamoto</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Andre</firstName>
      <lastName>Wolff</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Andreas</firstName>
      <lastName>Mai</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Thomas</firstName>
      <lastName>Schröder</lastName>
    </author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="1521">FG Halbleitermaterialien</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>18967</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2016</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>33786</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>33793</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue>49</issue>
    <volume>8</volume>
    <type>articler</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2017-03-03</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Metal-free, CVD Graphene synthesis on 200 mm Ge / Si(001) substrates</title>
    <parentTitle language="eng">ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1021/acsami.6b11397</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1944-8244</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1944-8252</identifier>
    <enrichment key="BTU">an der BTU erstellt / created at BTU</enrichment>
    <author>
      <firstName>Mindaugas</firstName>
      <lastName>Lukosius</lastName>
    </author>
    <submitter>
      <firstName>Marion</firstName>
      <lastName>Tülling</lastName>
    </submitter>
    <author>
      <firstName>Jarek Marek</firstName>
      <lastName>Dabrowski</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Marco</firstName>
      <lastName>Lisker</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Julia</firstName>
      <lastName>Kitzmann</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Sebastian</firstName>
      <lastName>Schulze</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Gunther</firstName>
      <lastName>Lippert</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Oksana</firstName>
      <lastName>Fursenko</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Yuji</firstName>
      <lastName>Yamamoto</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Markus Andreas</firstName>
      <lastName>Schubert</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Hans-Michael</firstName>
      <lastName>Krause</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Andre</firstName>
      <lastName>Wolff</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>A.</firstName>
      <lastName>Mai</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Thomas</firstName>
      <lastName>Schröder</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Grzegorz</firstName>
      <lastName>Lupina</lastName>
    </author>
    <collection role="institutes" number="1521">FG Halbleitermaterialien</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>29131</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2022</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>113</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>117</pageLast>
    <pageNumber/>
    <edition/>
    <issue/>
    <volume/>
    <type>conferenceobject_ref</type>
    <publisherName/>
    <publisherPlace/>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2022-07-19</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Graphene Research in 200 mm CMOS Pilot Line</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Due to the unique electronic structures, graphene and other 2D Materials are considered as materials which can enable and extend the functionalities and performance in a large variety of applications, among them in microelectronics. At this point, the investigation and preparation of graphene devices in conditions resembling as close as possible the Si technology environment is of highest importance.Towards these goals, this paper focuses on the full spectra of graphene research aspects in 200mm pilot line. We investigated different process module developments such as CMOS compatible growth of high quality graphene on germanium and its growth mechanisms, transfer related challenges on target substrates, patterning, passivation and various concepts of contacting of graphene on a full 200 mm wafers. Finally, we fabricated proof-of-concept test structures e.g. TLM, Hall bars and capacitor structures to prove the feasibility of graphene processing in the pilot line of IHP.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">45th Jubilee International Convention on Information, Communication and Electronic Technology (MIPRO), 2022</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.23919/MIPRO55190.2022.9803362</identifier>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-953-233-103-5</identifier>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-953-233-102-8</identifier>
    <identifier type="isbn">978-1-6654-8434-3</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">2623-8764</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1847-3938</identifier>
    <enrichment key="BTU">an der BTU erstellt / created at BTU</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">publish</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="Fprofil">4 Künstliche Intelligenz und Sensorik / Artificial Intelligence and Sensor Technology</enrichment>
    <author>
      <firstName>Mindaugas</firstName>
      <lastName>Lukosius</lastName>
    </author>
    <submitter>
      <firstName>Christian</firstName>
      <lastName>Wenger</lastName>
    </submitter>
    <author>
      <firstName>Rasuolė</firstName>
      <lastName>Lukose</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Marco</firstName>
      <lastName>Lisker</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>G.</firstName>
      <lastName>Luongo</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>M.</firstName>
      <lastName>Elviretti</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Andreas</firstName>
      <lastName>Mai</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Christian</firstName>
      <lastName>Wenger</lastName>
    </author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Graphene</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>CMOS</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="1521">FG Halbleitermaterialien</collection>
  </doc>
  <doc>
    <id>36254</id>
    <completedYear/>
    <publishedYear>2025</publishedYear>
    <thesisYearAccepted/>
    <language>eng</language>
    <pageFirst>1</pageFirst>
    <pageLast>15</pageLast>
    <pageNumber>15</pageNumber>
    <edition/>
    <issue>7</issue>
    <volume>57</volume>
    <type>articler</type>
    <publisherName>Springer Science and Business Media LLC</publisherName>
    <publisherPlace>Dordrecht</publisherPlace>
    <creatingCorporation/>
    <contributingCorporation/>
    <belongsToBibliography>0</belongsToBibliography>
    <completedDate>2025-07-04</completedDate>
    <publishedDate>--</publishedDate>
    <thesisDateAccepted>--</thesisDateAccepted>
    <title language="eng">Optimized silicon nitride-spaced graphene electro-optic modulator with high efficiency and bandwidth</title>
    <abstract language="eng">Optical modulators with high modulation efficiency, large operational bandwidth, high-speed and low energy consumption is essential for the advancement of on-chip optical signal processing. To overcome the bandwidth-efficiency trade-off in graphene optical modulators, a buried silicon nitride waveguide-coupled double-layer graphene electro-absorption (EA) optical modulator has been proposed. In the proposed design, silicon nitride layer is also embedded between the two graphene layers as a dielectric spacer to enhance the graphene-light interaction. An extensive simulation has been performed to optimize the dielectric spacing layers between the two graphene for optimal device performance including the waveguide dimensions and optical modes profile. The simulated results show a high modulation efficiency of 1.1 dB/V and a modulation depth of 0.16 dB/µm, corresponding to a 15-dB extinction ratio for a 100 µm device at 1550 nm, with a 30 nm spacer and 12 V driving voltage. The proposed modulator achieves a 14 GHz bandwidth and operates over a 1050 nm broadband operation spectral range. The concurrent presence of high modulation bandwidth and efficiency renders these modulator designs highly viable for on-chip optical communication applications.</abstract>
    <parentTitle language="eng">Optical and quantum electronics</parentTitle>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1007/s11082-025-08310-0</identifier>
    <identifier type="issn">1572-817X</identifier>
    <enrichment key="Fprofil">4 Künstliche Intelligenz und Sensorik / Artificial Intelligence and Sensor Technology</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus_doi_flag">true</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus_import_data">{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,28]],"date-time":"2025-06-28T07:40:04Z","timestamp":1751096404189,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,28]],"date-time":"2025-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751068800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,28]],"date-time":"2025-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751068800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Opt Quant Electron"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s11082-025-08310-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,28]],"date-time":"2025-06-28T07:02:11Z","timestamp":1751094131000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Optimized silicon nitride-spaced graphene electro-optic modulator with high efficiency and bandwidth"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Ashraful Islam","family":"Raju","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Pawan Kumar","family":"Dubey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Rasuole","family":"Lukose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Wenger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Mai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Mindaugas","family":"Lukosius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"8310_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTQE.2016.2586458","volume":"23","author":"L AbdollahiShiramin","year":"2017","unstructured":"AbdollahiShiramin, L., Van Thourhout, D.: Graphene modulators and switches integrated on silicon and silicon nitride waveguide. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 23, 94\u2013100 (2017). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/JSTQE.2016.2586458","journal-title":"IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron."},{"key":"8310_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-20926-w","author":"H Agarwal","year":"2021","unstructured":"Agarwal, H., Terr\u00e9s, B., Orsini, L., Montanaro, A., Sorianello, V., Pantouvaki, M., Watanabe, K., Taniguchi, T., Thourhout, D.V., Romagnoli, M., Koppens, F.H.L.: 2D\u20133D integration of hexagonal boron nitride and a high-\u03ba dielectric for ultrafast graphene-based electro-absorption modulators. Nat. Commun. 12, 1070-1076 (2021). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-021-20926-w","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"8310_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3677","DOI":"10.1021\/nn300989g","volume":"6","author":"Q Bao","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bao, Q., Loh, K.P.: Graphene photonics, plasmonics, and broadband optoelectronic devices. ACS Nano 6, 3677\u20133694 (2012). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/nn300989g","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"8310_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1038\/nphoton.2011.102","volume":"5","author":"Q Bao","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bao, Q., Zhang, H., Wang, B., Ni, Z., Lim, C.H.Y.X., Wang, Y., Tang, D.Y., Loh, K.P.: Broadband graphene polarizer. Nat. Photonics 5, 411\u2013415 (2011). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nphoton.2011.102","journal-title":"Nat. Photonics"},{"key":"8310_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1038\/nphoton.2010.186","volume":"4","author":"F Bonaccorso","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bonaccorso, F., Sun, Z., Hasan, T., Ferrari, A.C.: Graphene photonics and optoelectronics. Nat. Photon. 4, 611\u2013622 (2010). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nphoton.2010.186","journal-title":"Nat. Photon."},{"key":"8310_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-56357-0","author":"B Canto","year":"2025","unstructured":"Canto, B., Otto, M., Maestre, A., Centeno, A., Zurutuza, A., Robertz, B., Reato, E., Chmielak, B., Stoll, S.L., Hemmetter, A., Schlachter, F., Ehlert, L., Li, S., Neumaier, D., Rinke, G., Wang, Z., Lemme, M.C.: Multi-project wafer runs for electronic graphene devices in the European 2D-experimental pilot line project. Nat. Commun. commun. 16, 1417-1427\u00a0 (2025). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-025-56357-0","journal-title":"Nat. Commun.commun."},{"key":"8310_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/photonics6010024","author":"P Chaisakul","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chaisakul, P., Vakarin, V., Frigerio, J., Chrastina, D., Isella, G., Vivien, L., Marris-Morini, D.: Recent progress on Ge\/SiGe quantum well optical modulators, detectors, and emitters for optical interconnects. Photonics 6, 24, 1-18 (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/photonics6010024","journal-title":"Photonics"},{"key":"8310_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1564","DOI":"10.1021\/acsphotonics.6b00398","volume":"3","author":"H Dalir","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dalir, H., Xia, Y., Wang, Y., Zhang, X.: Athermal broadband graphene optical modulator with 35 GHz speed. ACS Photon. 3, 1564\u20131568 (2016). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsphotonics.6b00398","journal-title":"ACS Photon."},{"key":"8310_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1742-6596\/129\/1\/012004","volume":"129","author":"LA Falkovsky","year":"2008","unstructured":"Falkovsky, L.A.: Optical properties of graphene. J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 129, 012004-012009 (2008). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/1742-6596\/129\/1\/012004","journal-title":"J. Phys. Conf. Ser."},{"key":"8310_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20145","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.27.020145","volume":"27","author":"MA Giambra","year":"2019","unstructured":"Giambra, M.A., Sorianello, V., Miseikis, V., Marconi, S., Montanaro, A., Galli, P., Pezzini, S., Coletti, C., Romagnoli, M.: High-speed double layer graphene electro-absorption modulator on SOI waveguide. Opt. Express 27, 20145\u201320155 (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OE.27.020145","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"8310_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.2891452","volume":"103","author":"GW Hanson","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hanson, G.W.: Dyadic Green\u2019s functions and guided surface waves for a surface conductivity model of graphene. J. Appl. Phys. 103, 064302-064310 (2008). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/1.2891452","journal-title":"J. Appl. Phys."},{"key":"8310_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.105.097401","volume":"105","author":"E Hendry","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hendry, E., Hale, P.J., Moger, J., Savchenko, A.K., Mikhailov, S.A.: Coherent nonlinear optical response of graphene. Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 097401 (2010). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1103\/PhysRevLett.105.097401","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"8310_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1109\/JPHOT.2019.2918314","volume":"11","author":"L Ji","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ji, L., Zhang, D., Xu, Y., Gao, Y., Wu, C., Wang, X., Li, Z., Sun, X.: Design of an electro-absorption modulator based on graphene-on-silicon slot waveguide. IEEE Photon. J. 11, 1\u201311 (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/JPHOT.2019.2918314","journal-title":"IEEE Photon. J."},{"key":"8310_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4704663","volume":"100","author":"SJ Koester","year":"2012","unstructured":"Koester, S.J., Li, M.: High-speed waveguide-coupled graphene-on-graphene optical modulators. Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 171107-171111 (2012). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1063\/1.4704663","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"8310_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee, B.S., Kim, B., Freitas, A.P., Mohanty, A., Zhu, Y., Bhatt, G.R., Hone, J., Lipson, M.: High-performance integrated graphene electro-optic modulator at cryogenic temperature. In: Capasso, F. and Couwenberg, D. (eds.) Frontiers in Optics and Photonics. pp. 99\u2013104. De Gruyter (2021)","DOI":"10.1515\/9783110710687-008"},{"key":"8310_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1021\/nl404356t","volume":"14","author":"W Li","year":"2014","unstructured":"Li, W., Chen, B., Meng, C., Fang, W., Xiao, Y., Li, X., Hu, Z., Xu, Y., Tong, L., Wang, H., Liu, W., Bao, J., Shen, Y.R.: Ultrafast all-optical graphene modulator. Nano Lett. 14, 955\u2013959 (2014). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/nl404356t","journal-title":"Nano Lett."},{"key":"8310_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10067","volume":"474","author":"M Liu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Liu, M., Yin, X., Ulin-Avila, E., Geng, B., Zentgraf, T., Ju, L., Wang, F., Zhang, X.: A graphene-based broadband optical modulator. Nature 474, 64\u201367 (2011). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature10067","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"8310_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1021\/nl204202k","volume":"12","author":"M Liu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Liu, M., Yin, X., Zhang, X.: Double-layer graphene optical modulator. Nano Lett. 12, 1482\u20131485 (2012). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/nl204202k","journal-title":"Nano Lett."},{"key":"8310_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lukose, R., Lisker, M., Dubey, P.K., Raju, M.A.I., Peczek, A., Kroh, A., Lukosius, M., Mai, A.: Development of a 200 mm wafer silicon nitride PIC environment for graphene electro-absorption modulators. In: Extended Abstracts of the 2023 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials. The Japan Society of Applied Physics, Nagoya Congress Center, pp. 403-404 (2023)","DOI":"10.7567\/SSDM.2023.H-7-05"},{"key":"8310_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lukosius, M., Lukose, R., Dubey, P.K., Raju, A., Capista, D., Lisker, M., Mai, A., Wenger, Ch.: Graphene for Photonic Applications. In: 2024 47th MIPRO ICT and Electronics Convention (MIPRO). pp. 1614\u20131618. IEEE, Opatija, Croatia (2024)","DOI":"10.1109\/MIPRO60963.2024.10569652"},{"key":"8310_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1038\/nphoton.2015.122","volume":"9","author":"CT Phare","year":"2015","unstructured":"Phare, C.T., Daniel Lee, Y.-H., Cardenas, J., Lipson, M.: Graphene electro-optic modulator with 30 GHz bandwidth. Nat. Photonics 9, 511\u2013514 (2015). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nphoton.2015.122","journal-title":"Nat. Photonics"},{"key":"8310_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1038\/nphoton.2010.179","volume":"4","author":"GT Reed","year":"2010","unstructured":"Reed, G.T., Mashanovich, G., Gardes, F.Y., Thomson, D.J.: Silicon optical modulators. Nat. Photonics 4, 518\u2013526 (2010). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nphoton.2010.179","journal-title":"Nat. Photonics"},{"key":"8310_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1038\/s41578-018-0040-9","volume":"3","author":"M Romagnoli","year":"2018","unstructured":"Romagnoli, M., Sorianello, V., Midrio, M., Koppens, F.H.L., Huyghebaert, C., Neumaier, D., Galli, P., Templ, W., D\u2019Errico, A., Ferrari, A.C.: Graphene-based integrated photonics for next-generation datacom and telecom. Nat. Rev. Mater. 3, 392\u2013414 (2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41578-018-0040-9","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mater."},{"key":"8310_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1021\/ph5001605","volume":"1","author":"D Schall","year":"2014","unstructured":"Schall, D., Neumaier, D., Mohsin, M., Chmielak, B., Bolten, J., Porschatis, C., Prinzen, A., Matheisen, C., Kuebart, W., Junginger, B., Templ, W., Giesecke, A.L., Kurz, H.: 50 GBit\/s photodetectors based on wafer-scale graphene for integrated silicon photonic communication systems. ACS Photonics 1, 781\u2013784 (2014). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/ph5001605","journal-title":"ACS Photonics"},{"key":"8310_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1865","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.24.001865","volume":"24","author":"Z Shao","year":"2016","unstructured":"Shao, Z., Chen, Y., Chen, H., Zhang, Y., Zhang, F., Jian, J., Fan, Z., Liu, L., Yang, C., Zhou, L., Yu, S.: Ultra-low temperature silicon nitride photonic integration platform. Opt. Express 24, 1865\u20131872 (2016). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OE.24.001865","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"8310_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6478","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.23.006478","volume":"23","author":"V Sorianello","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sorianello, V., Midrio, M., Romagnoli, M.: Design optimization of single and double layer graphene phase modulators in SOI. Opt. Express 23, 6478\u20136490 (2015). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OE.23.006478","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"8310_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1038\/s41566-017-0071-6","volume":"12","author":"V Sorianello","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sorianello, V., Midrio, M., Contestabile, G., Asselberghs, I., Van Campenhout, J., Huyghebaert, C., Goykhman, I., Ott, A.K., Ferrari, A.C., Romagnoli, M.: Graphene\u2013silicon phase modulators with gigahertz bandwidth. Nat. Photonics 12, 40\u201344 (2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41566-017-0071-6","journal-title":"Nat. Photonics"},{"key":"8310_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1364\/JOSAB.382091","volume":"37","author":"J Su","year":"2020","unstructured":"Su, J., He, X., Li, C.: Broadband graphene\/hexagonal boron nitride modulators based on a Si3 N4 waveguide. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 37, 709\u2013714 (2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/JOSAB.382091","journal-title":"J. Opt. Soc. Am. B"},{"key":"8310_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1515\/aot-2015-0016","volume":"4","author":"K W\u00f6rhoff","year":"2015","unstructured":"W\u00f6rhoff, K., Heideman, R.G., Leinse, A., Hoekman, M.: Triplex: a versatile dielectric photonic platform. Adv. Opt. Technol. 4, 189\u2013207 (2015). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/aot-2015-0016","journal-title":"Adv. Opt. Technol."},{"key":"8310_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2009.292","volume":"4","author":"F Xia","year":"2009","unstructured":"Xia, F., Mueller, T., Lin, Y., Valdes-Garcia, A., Avouris, P.: Ultrafast graphene photodetector. Nat. Nanotechnol.nanotechnol. 4, 839\u2013843 (2009). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nnano.2009.292","journal-title":"Nat. Nanotechnol.nanotechnol."},{"key":"8310_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adom.202301028","volume":"11","author":"Z Xiao","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xiao, Z., Liu, W., Xu, S., Zhou, J., Ren, Z., Lee, C.: Recent progress in silicon-based photonic integrated circuits and emerging applications. Adv. Opt. Mater. 11, 2301028-2301064 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/adom.202301028","journal-title":"Adv. Opt. Mater."},{"key":"8310_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.22.026173","volume":"22","author":"S Ye","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ye, S., Wang, Z., Tang, L., Zhang, Y., Lu, R., Liu, Y.: Electro-absorption optical modulator using dual-graphene-on-graphene configuration. Opt. Express 22, 26173-26180 (2014). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/OE.22.026173","journal-title":"Opt. Express"}],"container-title":["Optical and Quantum Electronics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11082-025-08310-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11082-025-08310-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11082-025-08310-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,28]],"date-time":"2025-06-28T07:02:13Z","timestamp":1751094133000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11082-025-08310-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,28]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["8310"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11082-025-08310-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1572-817X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1572-817X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 February 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 June 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 June 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}],"article-number":"402"}}</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus_crossrefDocumentType">journal-article</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="local_crossrefLicence">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="local_import_origin">crossref</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="local_doiImportPopulated">PersonAuthorFirstName_1,PersonAuthorLastName_1,PersonAuthorFirstName_2,PersonAuthorLastName_2,PersonAuthorFirstName_3,PersonAuthorLastName_3,PersonAuthorFirstName_4,PersonAuthorLastName_4,PersonAuthorFirstName_5,PersonAuthorLastName_5,PersonAuthorFirstName_6,PersonAuthorLastName_6,PublisherName,TitleMain_1,Language,TitleParent_1,ArticleNumber,Issue,Volume,PublishedYear,IdentifierIssn,Enrichmentlocal_crossrefLicence</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="BTU">an der BTU erstellt / created at BTU</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="Referiert">Beitrag ist referiert / Article peer-reviewed</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.source">doi-import</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.doi.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <enrichment key="opus.urn.autoCreate">false</enrichment>
    <licence>Creative Commons - CC BY-NC-ND - Namensnennung - Nicht kommerziell - Keine Bearbeitungen 4.0 International</licence>
    <author>
      <firstName>Ashraful Islam</firstName>
      <lastName>Raju</lastName>
    </author>
    <submitter>
      <firstName>Christian</firstName>
      <lastName>Wenger</lastName>
    </submitter>
    <author>
      <firstName>Pawan Kumar</firstName>
      <lastName>Dubey</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Rasuole</firstName>
      <lastName>Lukose</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Christian</firstName>
      <lastName>Wenger</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Andreas</firstName>
      <lastName>Mai</lastName>
    </author>
    <author>
      <firstName>Mindaugas</firstName>
      <lastName>Lukosius</lastName>
    </author>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Graphene</value>
    </subject>
    <subject>
      <language>eng</language>
      <type>uncontrolled</type>
      <value>Modulator</value>
    </subject>
    <collection role="institutes" number="1521">FG Halbleitermaterialien</collection>
  </doc>
</export-example>
