@inproceedings{SchaafGerwinBadorreck, author = {Schaaf, Wolfgang and Gerwin, Werner and Badorreck, Annika}, title = {Twelve years of monitoring the ecological development of a constructed catchment}, series = {9th International Symposium on Ecosystem Behavior BIOGEOMON, Litomysl, Czech Republic, August 20-24, 2017}, booktitle = {9th International Symposium on Ecosystem Behavior BIOGEOMON, Litomysl, Czech Republic, August 20-24, 2017}, editor = {Nov{\´a}k, Martin and Kr{\´a}m, Pavel and Step{\´a}nov{\´a}, Mark{\´e}ta}, publisher = {Czech Geological Survey}, address = {Prague}, pages = {42 -- 43}, abstract = {Landscapes and ecosystems are complex systems with many feedback mechanisms acting between the various abiotic and biotic components. The knowledge about these interacting processes is mainly derived from mature ecosystems. The initial development of ecosystem complexity may involve state transitions following catastrophic shifts, disturbances or transgression of thresholds. The Chicken Creek catchment was constructed in 2005 to study ecosystem development of an initial ecosystem at the landscape scale. The world´s largest constructed catchment has a hillslope-shaped 6 ha size with defined boundary conditions and well-documented inner structures1. For 12 years, we have been monitoring the development of different system compartments2,3. The fast formation of patterns and increasing heterogeneity were challenges for the monitoring program. Starting with a regular 20 × 20 m grid in the initially homogeneous system, monitoring installations were continuously complemented by more pattern and patch oriented measurements in order to catch up with both the spatial and temporal dynamics of the catchment. The monitoring program includes both high-resolution temporal recordings (e.g., groundwater levels, discharge, meteorological data, soil moisture), spatial sampling campaigns (e.g., soil properties) and annual vegetation surveys. In addition, we use drone images to document the site development. The presentation describes the monitoring approach and adaptation with examples from vegetation, soil and hydrological data at different spatial and temporal scales. From the monitoring data we were able to derive different phases during initial development that are characterized by abiotic/biotic feedback mechanisms controlling catchment functioning. Detailed monitoring of the Chicken Creek catchment with known boundary conditions and structure information could help in disentangling general feedback mechanisms between hydrologic, pedogenic, biological and geomorphological processes as well as in gaining a more integrative view of succession and its drivers during the transition from initial, less complex systems to more mature ecosystems. Long-term time series of data are the key for a better understanding of these processes and the effects on ecosystem self-organization and resilience.}, language = {en} } @misc{FischerGypserSubbotinaetal., author = {Fischer, Thomas and Gypser, Stella and Subbotina, Maria and Veste, Maik}, title = {Synergic hydraulic and nutritional feedback mechanisms control surface patchiness of biological soil crusts on tertiary sands at a post-mining site}, series = {Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics}, volume = {62}, journal = {Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics}, number = {4}, issn = {0042-790X}, doi = {10.2478/johh-2014-0038}, pages = {293 -- 302}, abstract = {In a recultivation area located in Brandenburg, Germany, five types of biocrusts (initial BSC1, developed BSC2 and BSC3, mosses, lichens) and non-crusted mineral substrate were sampled on tertiary sand deposited in 1985- 1986 to investigate hydrologic interactions between crust patches. Crust biomass was lowest in the non-crusted substrate, increased to the initial BSC1 and peaked in the developed BSC2, BSC3, the lichens and the mosses. Water infiltration was highest on the substrate, and decreased to BSC2, BSC1 and BSC3. Non-metric multidimensional scaling revealed that the lichens and BSC3 were associated with water soluble nutrients and with pyrite weathering products, thus representing a high nutrient low hydraulic feedback mode. The mosses and BSC2 represented a low nutrient high hydraulic feedback mode. These feedback mechanisms were considered as synergic, consisting of run-off generating (low hydraulic) and run-on receiving (high hydraulic) BSC patches. Three scenarios for BSC succession were proposed. (1) Initial BSCs sealed the surface until they reached a successional stage (represented by BSC1) from which the development into either of the feedback modes was triggered, (2) initial heterogeneities of the mineral substrate controlled the development of the feedback mode, and (3) complex interactions between lichens and mosses occurred at later stages of system development.}, language = {en} } @misc{BoldtBurischNaeth, author = {Boldt-Burisch, Katja and Naeth, M. Anne}, title = {Phosphogypsum significantly alters root growth and fungal colonization of smooth brome and sheep fescue on a reclamation site}, series = {Rhizosphere}, volume = {9}, journal = {Rhizosphere}, issn = {2452-2198}, doi = {10.1016/j.rhisph.2018.12.003}, pages = {106 -- 109}, abstract = {Phosphogypsum (PG) is a by-product of phosphate fertilizer production. This study is the first to investigate Bromis inermis and Festuca ovina root morphology and colonization with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and dark septate endophytes (DSE) in pure PG and PG with a soil cap (soil). Root length density was significantly lower for plants on PG than on soil and both plant species were colonized with AMF and DSE, with lower frequency and intensity in PG. Phosphorus (20 times), calcium (35 times) and sulphur (50 times) were significantly higher in PG than in soil; resulting higher root tissue concentrations were significantly negatively correlated with mycorrhizal colonization for Festuca but not Bromus. Higher fungal colonization of Bromus, especially with DSE known to be prevalent in extreme environments, may be responsible for its better performance on PG relative to Festuca.}, language = {en} } @incollection{FischerBergmannHuettl, author = {Fischer, Thomas and Bergmann, Charlotte and H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F.}, title = {Auswirkungen sich zeitlich {\"a}ndernder Schadstoffdepositionen auf Prozesse des Kohlenstoff- und Stickstoffumsatzes im Boden}, series = {Atmosph{\"a}rensanierung und Wald{\"o}kosysteme}, booktitle = {Atmosph{\"a}rensanierung und Wald{\"o}kosysteme}, editor = {H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F. and Bellmann, Klaus and Seiler, Wolfgang}, publisher = {Eberhard-Blottner-Verlag}, address = {Taunusstein}, isbn = {3-89367-053-X}, pages = {144 -- 160}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{HangenHuettlGerkeetal., author = {Hangen, Edzard and H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F. and Gerke, Horst H. and Schaaf, Wolfgang}, title = {3D-Wurzelverteilung sechzehnj{\"a}hriger Schwarzkiefern in einem Kippenboden im Vergleich mit markierten Fließwegen}, series = {Physiologie und Funktion von Pflanzenwurzeln, 11. Borkheider Seminar zur {\"O}kophysiologie des Wurzelraumes,Schmerwitz/Brandenburg vom 25. bis 27. September 2000}, booktitle = {Physiologie und Funktion von Pflanzenwurzeln, 11. Borkheider Seminar zur {\"O}kophysiologie des Wurzelraumes,Schmerwitz/Brandenburg vom 25. bis 27. September 2000}, editor = {Merbach, Wolfgang}, edition = {1. Auflage}, publisher = {Teubner}, address = {Stuttgart [u.a.]}, isbn = {3-519-00337-6}, pages = {13 -- 23}, language = {de} } @incollection{HuettlSchneiderGerwin, author = {H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F. and Schneider, Bernd Uwe and Gerwin, Werner}, title = {Energielandschaften - Chancen zur Landnutzung nach dem Bergbau}, series = {Bergbaufolgelandschaft}, booktitle = {Bergbaufolgelandschaft}, publisher = {Jovis}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-86859-043-2}, pages = {168 -- 173}, language = {de} } @incollection{HuettlBensSchneider, author = {H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F. and Bens, Oliver and Schneider, Bernd Uwe}, title = {Waldnutzung, Waldsch{\"a}den und Waldumbau}, language = {de} } @misc{DillyDoerrieSchneideretal., author = {Dilly, Oliver and D{\"o}rrie, Carola and Schneider, Bernd Uwe and H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F.}, title = {Absch{\"a}tzung der Folgen von Bioenergief{\"o}rderung in der brandenburgischen Lausitz}, series = {Forum der Forschung}, volume = {11}, journal = {Forum der Forschung}, number = {20}, issn = {0947-6989}, pages = {35 -- 40}, language = {de} } @misc{SutLohmannFischerRepmannetal., author = {Sut-Lohmann, Magdalena and Fischer, Thomas and Repmann, Frank and Raab, Thomas and Dimitrova, Tsvetelina}, title = {Feasibility of field portable near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy to determine cyanide concentrations in soil}, series = {Water, Air and Soil Pollution}, volume = {223}, journal = {Water, Air and Soil Pollution}, number = {8}, issn = {1573-2932}, doi = {10.1007/s11270-012-1298-y}, pages = {5495 -- 5504}, abstract = {Vicinities of manufactured gas plants were often contaminated with solid iron-cyanide complexes as a result of the coal gasification process. During the remediation of affected soils, knowledge about contaminant concentrations is crucial, but laboratory methods are often expensive and time consuming. Rapid and non-destructive field methods for contaminant determination permit an analysis of large sample numbers and hence, facilitate identification of 'hot spots' of contamination. Diffuse near infrared reflectance spectroscopy has proven to be a reliable analytical tool in soil investigation. In order to determine the feasibility of a Polychromix Handheld Field Portable Near-Infrared Analyzer (FP NIR), various sample preparation methods were examined, including homogenizing, sieving, drying, and grinding. Partial least squares calibration models were developed to determine near infrared (NIR) spectral responses to the cyanide concentration in the soil samples. As a control, the contaminant concentration was determined using conventional flow injection analysis. The experiments revealed that portable near-infrared spectrometers could be a reliable device for detecting cyanide concentrations >2,400 mgkg-1 in the field and >1,750 mgkg-1 after sample preparation in the laboratory.We found that portable NIR spectrometry cannot replace traditional laboratory analyses due to high limits of detection, but that it could be used for identification of contamination 'hot spots'.}, language = {en} } @misc{GypserSchuetzeFreese, author = {Gypser, Stella and Sch{\"u}tze, Elisabeth and Freese, Dirk}, title = {Crystallization of single and binary iron- and aluminum hydroxides affect phosporus desorption}, series = {Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science}, volume = {182}, journal = {Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science}, number = {5}, issn = {1522-2624}, doi = {10.1002/jpln.201700543}, pages = {741 -- 750}, abstract = {In acidic soils, phosphorus availability is affected by its strong affinity for mineral surfaces, especially Fe- and Al-hydroxides. Plant roots have developed adaptive strategies to enhance the availability of phosphorus, including producing and exuding low molecular weight organic acids with a high affinity for phosphorus that competes with high molecular weight organic ligands formed during humification and mineralization. The aim of this study was to characterize the kinetics and mechanism of phosphorus desorption from Fe- and Al-hydroxides of variable crystallinity, as well as binary Fe:Al-hydroxide mixtures. Long-term desorption experiments (56 days) were conducted with CaCl₂, CaSO₄, citric acid, and humic acid as competitive sorptives. CaCl₂ and CaSO₄ were selected as general inorganic sorptives and citric and humic acids were selected as organic ligands produced by organisms in the rhizosphere or following humification. The cumulative phosphorus desorption increased following the order CaCl₂< CaSO₄< humic acid < citric acid. Amorphous ferrihydrite and Fe-rich Fe:Al-hydroxides exhibited much less desorption when exposed to inorganic solutions than the crystalline and Al-rich Fe:Al-hydroxide mixtures. Models of the desorption data suggest phosphorus desorption with citric acid is diffusion- controlled for ferrihydrite and Fe-rich amorphous Fe:Al-hydroxides. When humic acid was the sorptive, metal-organic complexes accumulated in the solution. The results suggest organic compounds, especially citric acid, are more important for liberating phosphorus from Fe- and Al-minerals than inorganic ions present in the soil solution.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{TsonkovaFreeseBoehmetal., author = {Tsonkova, Penka and Freese, Dirk and B{\"o}hm, Christian and Quinkenstein, Ansgar and Schaller, Eberhard}, title = {Benefits provided by silvoarable agroforestry systems in the temperate region: a review}, series = {Proceedings of the International Workshop on Agroforestry - Ecological Benefits of Agroforestry, 15-17 June 2011, Cottbus, Germany}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the International Workshop on Agroforestry - Ecological Benefits of Agroforestry, 15-17 June 2011, Cottbus, Germany}, editor = {Freese, Dirk and Pittruff, N. and Quinkenstein, Ansgar and B{\"o}hm, Christian}, pages = {S. 29}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BoldtBurischSchneiderFritschetal., author = {Boldt-Burisch, Katja and Schneider, Bernd Uwe and Fritsch, Simone and H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F.}, title = {Charakterisierung der Wurzelwachstumsdynamik krautiger Vegetation in der initialen Phase der Bodenentwicklung}, series = {B{\"o}den verstehen - B{\"o}den nutzen - B{\"o}den fit machen, Jahrestagung der Deutschen Bodenkundlichen Gesellschaft, 3. - 9. September 2011}, booktitle = {B{\"o}den verstehen - B{\"o}den nutzen - B{\"o}den fit machen, Jahrestagung der Deutschen Bodenkundlichen Gesellschaft, 3. - 9. September 2011}, language = {de} } @incollection{SchneiderFischerRumpelt, author = {Schneider, Bernd Uwe and Fischer, H. and Rumpelt, A.}, title = {Ver{\"a}nderungen von Wurzel- und Mykorrhizaz{\"o}nosen im Zuge von Waldumbaumaßnahmen}, language = {de} } @misc{ElmerRissmannWanneretal., author = {Elmer, Michael and Rißmann, Cornelia and Wanner, Manfred and Hohberg, Karin and Xylander, Willi E. R.}, title = {Die Bodenfauna in den W{\"a}ldern der Schlabendorfer Felder - nat{\"u}rliche Besiedlung und Wechselwirkungen mit der forstlichen Bewirtschaftung}, series = {Biologische Studien}, journal = {Biologische Studien}, number = {39}, issn = {1432-4199}, pages = {36 -- 47}, language = {de} } @incollection{VesteSchillemBoehm, author = {Veste, Maik and Schillem, Steffi and B{\"o}hm, Christian}, title = {Baumarten f{\"u}r die Agrarholzproduktion}, series = {Agrarholz - Schnellwachsende B{\"a}ume in der Landwirtschaft : Biologie - {\"O}kologie - Management}, booktitle = {Agrarholz - Schnellwachsende B{\"a}ume in der Landwirtschaft : Biologie - {\"O}kologie - Management}, editor = {Veste, Maik and B{\"o}hm, Christian}, publisher = {Springer Spektrum}, address = {Berlin [u.a.]}, isbn = {978-3-662-49930-6}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-662-49931-3_4}, pages = {81 -- 118}, language = {de} } @misc{FreeseBoehmKwasnickaetal., author = {Freese, Dirk and B{\"o}hm, Christian and Kwasnicka, Kamila and Quinkenstein, Ansgar and Uckert, G{\"o}tz}, title = {Kostensparend und {\"o}kologisch. {\"O}konomie und rechtlicher Rahmen f{\"u}r Agroforstsysteme}, series = {Neue Landwirtschaft}, journal = {Neue Landwirtschaft}, number = {1}, issn = {0863-2847}, pages = {91 -- 94}, language = {de} } @techreport{BensStockHuettl, author = {Bens, Oliver and Stock, Oliver and H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F.}, title = {M{\"o}glichkeiten zur Bewertung landwirtschaftlich genutzer B{\"o}den an Rekultivierungsstandorten der Niederlausitzer Bergbaufolgelandschaft}, publisher = {Senftenberg}, abstract = {Studie im Auftrag der Lausitzer Braunkohle AG 32}, language = {de} } @misc{PlieningerBaloesiusHuettl, author = {Plieninger, Tobias and Bal{\"o}sius, Eva and H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F.}, title = {Die deutsche Agrarwirtschaft: Lokale Probleme, globale Forschungsfragen}, series = {GAiA}, volume = {17}, journal = {GAiA}, number = {3}, issn = {0940-5550}, pages = {295 -- 297}, language = {en} } @misc{BoldtBurischNaethSchneideretal., author = {Boldt-Burisch, Katja and Naeth, M. Anne and Schneider, Bernd Uwe and H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F.}, title = {Linkage between root systems of three pioneer plant species and soil nitrogen during early reclamation of a mine site in Lusatia, Germany}, series = {Restoration Ecology}, volume = {23}, journal = {Restoration Ecology}, number = {4}, issn = {1526-100X}, doi = {10.1111/rec.12190}, pages = {357 -- 365}, abstract = {In 2005, a 7-ha artificial watershed (Chicken Creek) was built on a post mined landscape in Lusatia, Germany from sandy substrates of Pleistocene origin, commonly used in reclamation. The watershed was developed to investigate the initial phase of soil and ecosystem development under natural conditions. At this early stage, mineral nitrogen in young sandy soils is primarily limited and nitrogen fixing legumes become key components of natural succession. Local abundant pioneering legumes Lotus corniculatus and Trifolium arvense and one pioneer grass species Calamagrostis epigeios were investigated 5 years after watershed construction. In this study, we investigated the influence of spatial root and nodule distribution of these species on soil nitrogen accumulation. Soil, including roots, was sampled from field monoliths covered with the aforementioned plant species. Root systems of both legumes were mainly restricted to the upper 20 cm of soil, whereas roots of C. epigeios also developed strongly at greater depths. A positive relationship was found, with higher plant densities associated with higher root densities which were associated with higher nodule densities for legumes and which were all associated with significantly higher soil nitrogen content relative to non-vegetated areas. This research provides rare information on the role root systems of pioneer legumes play in soil nitrogen input in the early stage of soil and ecosystem development during revegetation by natural succession.}, language = {en} } @incollection{SchaeferBensWahl, author = {Sch{\"a}fer, B. and Bens, Oliver and Wahl, Niels Arne}, title = {Pedo-hydrologische Wirkung des {\"o}kologischen Waldumbaus auf die Wasserretention in B{\"o}den}, language = {de} } @misc{ElmerGutschBachmannetal., author = {Elmer, Michael and Gutsch, Martin and Bachmann, Ute and Bens, Oliver and Suckow, Felicitas and H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F.}, title = {Der Einfluss des Umbaus von Kiefern-Reinbest{\"a}nden in Traubeneichen-Kiefern-Mischbest{\"a}nden auf Standortqualit{\"a}t und Bestandesklima}, series = {Forst und Holz}, volume = {64}, journal = {Forst und Holz}, issn = {0932-9315}, pages = {12 -- 17}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{SchaafGerwinFreeseetal., author = {Schaaf, Wolfgang and Gerwin, Werner and Freese, Dirk and B{\"o}hm, Christian and Kr{\"u}mmelbein, Julia}, title = {Initiale {\"O}kosystementwicklung, Rekultivierung und alternative Landnutzung in der Niederlausitzer Bergbaufolgelandschaft}, series = {B{\"o}den verstehen, B{\"o}den nutzen, B{\"o}den fit machen, Jahrestagung der Deutschen Bodenkundlichen Gesellschaft, 3. - 9. September 2011}, booktitle = {B{\"o}den verstehen, B{\"o}den nutzen, B{\"o}den fit machen, Jahrestagung der Deutschen Bodenkundlichen Gesellschaft, 3. - 9. September 2011}, publisher = {Dt. Bodenkundliche Gesellschaft}, address = {Oldenburg}, pages = {22 -- 27}, language = {de} } @incollection{BoellmannWoelleckeElmeretal., author = {B{\"o}llmann, J{\"o}rg and W{\"o}llecke, Jens and Elmer, Michael and H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F.}, title = {Ursachen und Folgen selektiver Nahrungswahl von Mikroarthropoden f{\"u}r Pilze}, series = {Landschaft im Wandel - nat{\"u}rliche und anthropogene Besiedlung der Niederlausitzer Bergbaufolgelandschaft}, booktitle = {Landschaft im Wandel - nat{\"u}rliche und anthropogene Besiedlung der Niederlausitzer Bergbaufolgelandschaft}, editor = {W{\"o}llecke, Jens and Anders, Kenneth and Durka, Walter and Elmer, Michael and Wanner, Manfred and Wiegleb, Gerhard}, publisher = {Shaker}, address = {Aachen}, isbn = {978-3-8322-6336-2}, pages = {31 -- 42}, language = {de} } @article{FischerBensHuettl, author = {Fischer, H. and Bens, Oliver and H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F.}, title = {Changes in humus form, humus stock and soil organic matter distribution as effected by forest transformation in Northeastern lowlands of Germany.}, language = {en} } @incollection{BoehmVeste, author = {B{\"o}hm, Christian and Veste, Maik}, title = {Anbau und Nutzung schnellwachsender B{\"a}ume in der Landwirtschaft - ein Ausblick}, series = {Agrarholz - Schnellwachsende B{\"a}ume in der Landwirtschaft : Biologie - {\"O}kologie - Management}, booktitle = {Agrarholz - Schnellwachsende B{\"a}ume in der Landwirtschaft : Biologie - {\"O}kologie - Management}, editor = {Veste, Maik and B{\"o}hm, Christian}, publisher = {Springer Spektrum}, address = {Berlin [u.a.]}, isbn = {978-3-662-49930-6}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-662-49931-3_15}, pages = {511 -- 523}, language = {de} } @article{HangenGerkeSchaaf, author = {Hangen, Edzard and Gerke, Horst H. and Schaaf, Wolfgang}, title = {Flow path visualization in a lignitic mine soil using iodine-starch staining}, language = {en} } @misc{Woellecke, author = {W{\"o}llecke, Jens}, title = {Ursachenforschung zur Ackersterbe auf der Kippe}, series = {Biologische Studien}, journal = {Biologische Studien}, number = {39}, pages = {84 -- 88}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{GypserFreese, author = {Gypser, Stella and Freese, Dirk}, title = {Mechanisms of adsorption and desorption of phosphorus on crystalline iron, aluminum, manganese (hydr)oxides as well as iron and calcium phosphates in comparison to amorphous iron-aluminum compounds}, series = {8th International Phosphorus Workshop IPW8, Rostock, Germany, September 12-16, 2016}, booktitle = {8th International Phosphorus Workshop IPW8, Rostock, Germany, September 12-16, 2016}, editor = {Kr{\"a}mer, Inga and H{\"a}berle, Stephanie}, address = {Rostock}, doi = {10.12754/procs-2016-ipw8}, pages = {S. 73}, abstract = {Inorganic phosphorus (P) plays an important role as plant nutrient in fertilizers, but also as a major pollutant to aquatic ecosystems by leaching from arable land. The mobility and bioavailability of P depends on adsorption, desorption and precipitation processes at soil mineral surfaces. In the soil matrix, P can be found in the forms of iron, aluminum or calcium complexes, adsorbed on mineral surfaces. P reactions in soil, especially the fixation on iron and aluminum (hydr) oxides, have been thoroughly studied. But the much slower process of P release has to be attended as well regarding the prospective supply of fertilizers and the use of plant available P pools in arable soils. The P adsorption ability of pedogenic oxides depends on their crystallinity, while soils contain both crystalline minerals such as goethite or ferrihydrite, as well as amorphous iron and aluminum compounds. In this study, long-term adsorption and desorption experiments were carried out to investigate the P binding mechanism during the sorption processes at certain time steps. For adsorption experiments, various experimental conditions such as pH, P ionic strength, competitive ions such as SO4 2- and Ca2+ as well as time will be considered. For desorption experiments, a Flow-Through-Reactor-Technique will be applied to investigate desorption kinetics and processes under nearly natural conditions without disturbance of the mineral-solution interface. Additionally, the release of P from the iron and calcium phosphates vivianite and hydroxyapatite, a main supplier of inorganic P and model substance for bone char, will be investigated. By using Fourier-Transformation-Infrared-Spectroscopy, changes of P binding mechanisms during ad- and desorption processes and easily as well heavily purgeable P can be detected. Aim is to identify fundamental processes of P fixation and mobilization as well as to specify similarities and differences of P binding on crystalline and amorphous reactive surfaces of pedogenic oxides.}, language = {en} } @misc{SchaafElmerFischeretal., author = {Schaaf, Wolfgang and Elmer, Michael and Fischer, Anton and Gerwin, Werner and Nenov, Rossen and Pretzsch, Hans and Zaplata, Markus K.}, title = {Feedbacks between vegetation, surface structures and hydrology during initial development of the artificial catchment 'Chicken Creek'}, series = {Procedia Environmental Sciences}, volume = {19}, journal = {Procedia Environmental Sciences}, issn = {1878-0296}, doi = {10.1016/j.proenv.2013.06.010}, pages = {86 -- 95}, abstract = {Our investigations at the artificial catchment ´Chicken Creek´ in Lusatia/Germany aim to disentangle and understand the feedback mechanisms and interrelationships of processes and their co-development with spatial and temporal structures and patterns by studying this initial, probably less complex ecosystem. Intensive measurements were carried out in the catchment with regard to the development of surface structures, hydrological patterns, and vegetation dynamics. During the first seven years, considerable changes within the catchment were observed. Both internal and external factors could be identified as driving forces for the formation of structures and patterns in the artificial catchment. Initial structures formed by the construction process and initial substrate characteristics were decisive for the distribution and flow of water. External factors like episodic events triggered erosion and dissection during this initial phase, promoted by the low vegetation cover and the unconsolidated sandy substrate. The transformation of the initial geo-system into areas with evolving terrestrial or aquatic characteristics and from a very episodic to a more permanent stream network and discharge, together with the observed vegetation dynamics increased site diversity and heterogeneity with respect to water and nutrient availability and transformation processes compared to the more homogenous conditions at point zero. The processes and feedback mechanisms in the initial development of a new landscape may deviate in rates, intensity and dominance from those known from mature ecosystems. It is therefore crucial to understand these early phases of ecosystem development and to disentangle the increasingly complex interactions between the evolving terrestrial and aquatic, biotic and abiotic compartments of the system. Artificially created catchments could be a suitable tool to study these initial developments at the landscape scale under known, designed and defined boundary conditions.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{KanzlerBoehmMircketal., author = {Kanzler, Michael and B{\"o}hm, Christian and Mirck, Jaconette and Schmitt, Dieter and Veste, Maik}, title = {Agroforstliche Landnutzung als Anpassungsstrategie an den Klimawandel}, series = {Klimawandel und Qualit{\"a}t, Kurzfassungen der Vortr{\"a}ge und Poster, 59. Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Pflanzenbauwissenschaften e.V., 27. bis 29. September 2016, Gießen}, booktitle = {Klimawandel und Qualit{\"a}t, Kurzfassungen der Vortr{\"a}ge und Poster, 59. Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Pflanzenbauwissenschaften e.V., 27. bis 29. September 2016, Gießen}, editor = {Kage, Henning and Sieling, K. and Francke-Weltmann, L.}, publisher = {Verlag Liddy Halm}, address = {G{\"o}ttingen}, pages = {126 -- 127}, abstract = {Der parallele Anbau von Ackerfr{\"u}chten und Agrarholz in Agroforstsystemen f{\"u}hrt zu einer {\"o}kologischen Aufwertung der landwirtschaftlichen Nutzfl{\"a}che und hat auch positive Auswirkungen auf das Mikroklima zwischen den Geh{\"o}lzstreifen. Bei streifenf{\"o}rmigen Agroforstsystemen (Alley Cropping) in Brandenburg konnte eine deutliche Reduktion der Windgeschwindigkeit und von Temperaturextremen sowie ein Anstieg der relativen Luftfeuchtigkeit beobachtet werden (B{\"o}hm et al. 2014, Kanzler et al. 2015). Eine Reduzierung der Windgeschwindigkeit f{\"u}hrt zudem zu einer Minderung der potentiellen Evaporation. Dabei stellt sich die Frage, wie sich diese Ver{\"a}nderungen kleinr{\"a}umig auf die gemessene Evaporation und auf die Produktivit{\"a}t der Ackerkulturen auswirken.}, language = {de} } @incollection{WannerElmerBahrtetal., author = {Wanner, Manfred and Elmer, Michael and Bahrt, Alexander and Balkenhol, Birgit and D{\"u}ker, Christian and Hohberg, Karin and N{\"a}hrig, Dietrich and H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F. and Xylander, Willi E. R.}, title = {Entwicklung der Biodiversit{\"a}t junger B{\"o}den der Niederlausitzer Bergbaufolgelandschaft}, series = {Entwicklung der Biodiversit{\"a}t in der Bergbaufolgelandschaft im Gef{\"u}ge von {\"O}kologie und Sozio{\"o}konomie}, booktitle = {Entwicklung der Biodiversit{\"a}t in der Bergbaufolgelandschaft im Gef{\"u}ge von {\"O}kologie und Sozio{\"o}konomie}, editor = {Br{\"o}ring, Udo and Wanner, Manfred}, publisher = {BTU Cottbus}, address = {Cottbus}, pages = {75 -- 78}, language = {de} } @misc{EsperschuetzZimmermannDuemigetal., author = {Espersch{\"u}tz, J{\"u}rgen and Zimmermann, Claudia and D{\"u}mig, Alexander and Welzl, G. and Buegger, Franz and Elmer, Michael and Munch, Jean Charles and Schloter, Michael}, title = {Dynamics of microbial communities during decomposition of litter from pioneering plants in initial soil ecosystems}, series = {Biogeosciences Discussion}, volume = {9}, journal = {Biogeosciences Discussion}, number = {10}, issn = {1810-6285}, pages = {14981 -- 15010}, language = {en} } @misc{QuinkensteinBoehmFreeseetal., author = {Quinkenstein, Ansgar and B{\"o}hm, Christian and Freese, Dirk and W{\"o}llecke, Jens and Gr{\"u}newald, Holger and Schneider, Bernd Uwe and H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F.}, title = {Alley-Cropping - Ein klima-adaptierbares Landnutzungssystem zur nachhaltigen Biomasseproduktion}, series = {Forum der Forschung}, volume = {12}, journal = {Forum der Forschung}, number = {21}, issn = {0947-6989}, pages = {131 -- 138}, language = {de} } @incollection{BensBuczkoWahletal., author = {Bens, Oliver and Buczko, Uwe and Wahl, Niels Arne and W{\"o}llecke, Britta and H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F.}, title = {Wasserretentionspotential in forstlich und landwirtschaftlich genutzten B{\"o}den}, language = {de} } @article{Hangen, author = {Hangen, Edzard}, title = {Markierte Fließwege im Vergleich zur r{\"a}umlichen Verteilung von Wurzeln, Kippstrukturen und Hydrophobie in einem rekultivierten Kippenboden}, language = {de} } @misc{BadorreckGerkeHuettl, author = {Badorreck, Annika and Gerke, Horst H. and H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F.}, title = {Effects of Ground-Dwelling Beetle Burrows on Infiltration Patterns and Pore Structure of Initial Soil Surfaces}, series = {Vadose Zone Journal}, volume = {11}, journal = {Vadose Zone Journal}, number = {1}, issn = {1539-1663}, language = {en} } @misc{GerwinRepmannSchaafetal., author = {Gerwin, Werner and Repmann, Frank and Schaaf, Wolfgang and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Bodenver{\"a}nderungen durch Waldbr{\"a}nde - Stoffvorr{\"a}te und Stoffverlagerungen}, series = {Jahrestagung der DBG 2022 "Grenzen {\"u}berwinden, Skalen {\"u}berschreiten" 5. - 8. September 2022 in Trier}, journal = {Jahrestagung der DBG 2022 "Grenzen {\"u}berwinden, Skalen {\"u}berschreiten" 5. - 8. September 2022 in Trier}, pages = {48}, abstract = {Die zur{\"u}ckliegenden trocken-heißen Sommer haben im S{\"u}den Brandenburgs zu zahlreichen Br{\"a}nden in den dominierenden Kiefernw{\"a}ldern gef{\"u}hrt, einige davon mit katastrophalen Ausmaßen. Dazu geh{\"o}ren die extremen Brandereignisse 2018 bei Treuenbrietzen sowie 2019 bei J{\"u}terbog und Lieberose, die zusammen weit {\"u}ber 1000 ha Waldfl{\"a}che zerst{\"o}rt und dabei auch Ver{\"a}nderungen der betroffenen Waldb{\"o}den verursacht haben. Das seit Mai 2020 von der FNR gef{\"o}rderte Verbundvorhaben Pyrophob befasst sich mit den Auswirkungen von Waldbr{\"a}nden im S{\"u}den Brandenburgs auf die Wald{\"o}kosysteme und mit waldbaulichen Maßnahmen, die mittelfristig zu einer Verringerung der Brandanf{\"a}lligkeit der W{\"a}lder beitragen sollen. Im Rahmen des auf eine f{\"u}nfj{\"a}hrige Laufzeit ausgelegten Verbundvorhabens finden bodenkundliche Untersuchungen auf zw{\"o}lf Versuchsfl{\"a}chen bei Treuenbrietzen und J{\"u}terbog statt. An beiden Standorten werden unverbrannte Referenzfl{\"a}chen mit einbezogen. Erg{\"a}nzend konnten bei Lieberose bereits 2019 nur kurz nach dem Brandgeschehen erste Bodenuntersuchungen durchgef{\"u}hrt werden. Die untersuchten Brandfl{\"a}chen bei J{\"u}terbog und Lieberose sind als Totalreservate ausgewiesen, auf denen auch nach dem Brand waldbauliche Maßnahmen vollst{\"a}ndig unterbleiben. Auf den Fl{\"a}chen bei Treuenbrietzen wurden verschiedene Behandlungsvarianten durchgef{\"u}hrt, zu denen auf einem Teil der Fl{\"a}chen die vollst{\"a}ndige Entfernung der abgestorbenen B{\"a}ume geh{\"o}rte, w{\"a}hrend auf anderen Teilfl{\"a}chen Totholz auf der Fl{\"a}che verblieb. Ziel der bodenkundlichen Arbeiten in Pyrophob ist zum einen eine Charakterisierung der direkten Auswirkungen des Brandes auf Humus und Mineralboden hinsichtlich des Stoffbestandes und bodenbiologischer Prozesse. Zum anderen wird der Stoffaustrag aus dem Oberboden erfasst. Der etwaige Einfluss der unterschiedlichen waldbaulichen Vorgehensweise auf die Bodenverh{\"a}ltnisse wird dabei als ein Indikator f{\"u}r die Auswahl geeigneter Maßnahmen ber{\"u}cksichtigt. In den verschiedenen Untersuchungsvarianten des Vorhabens wurden zu diesem Zweck Humus- und Mineralbodenprofile untersucht. Zudem wurden Mischproben aus dem Ober- und Unterboden entnommen und auf ihren Stoffhaushalt hin analysiert. Auf jeder Untersuchungsfl{\"a}che wurden je drei frei dr{\"a}nende Kleinlysimeter in 10 cm Bodentiefe installiert, um die zeitlichen Ver{\"a}nderungen der Sickerwasserzusammensetzung und die durch den Brand initiierten Stoffaustr{\"a}ge aus dem Oberboden zu quantifizieren. Erg{\"a}nzend finden Untersuchungen zu m{\"o}glichen Auswirkungen der Br{\"a}nde auf bodenbiologische Prozesse wie Streuabbau und Stickstoffmineralisation statt.}, language = {de} } @misc{GypserFreese, author = {Gypser, Stella and Freese, Dirk}, title = {Phosphorus release from vivianite and hydroxyapatite by organic and inorganic compounds}, series = {Pedosphere}, volume = {30}, journal = {Pedosphere}, number = {2}, issn = {1002-0160}, doi = {10.1016/S1002-0160(20)60004-2}, pages = {190 -- 200}, abstract = {Based on recent mining rates and the exhaustion of global phosphorus (P) reserves, there is a need to mobilize P already stored in soils, and its recovery from secondary resources such as Ca- and Fe-phosphates is important. The Ca-phosphate hydroxyapatite forms a good fertilizer source, while vivianite is formed in waterlogged soils and sediments. During sludge treatment, the formation of vivianite has been identified, being mainly Fe-phosphate. Long-term P release from both hydroxyapatite and vivianite was studied using different inorganic (CaCl2 and CaSO4) and organic (citric and humic acid) reagents during batch experiments. Reagents CaCl2 and CaSO4 represent the soil solution, while citric and humic acids as organic constituents affect P availability in the rhizosphere and during the process of humification. Additionally, the flow-through reactor (FTR) technique with an infinite sink was used to study the long-term P release kinetics. The cumulative P release was higher by organic acids than by inorganic compounds. The cumulative P release rates were higher in the FTR with CaCl2 as compared to the batch technique. The infinite sink application caused a continuously high concentration gradient between the solid and liquid phases, leading to higher desorption rates as compared to the batch technique. The predominant amount of the total P released over time was available for a short term. While inorganic anion exchange occurred at easily available binding sites, organic acids affected the more heavily available binding sites, which could be embedded within the mineral structure. The results showed that organic compounds, especially citric acid, play a superior role as compared to the inorganic constituents of the soil solution during the recovery of already stored P from the tertiary phosphates vivianite and hydroxyapatite.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{RepmannGerwinFreese, author = {Repmann, Frank and Gerwin, Werner and Freese, Dirk}, title = {Nachhaltige Biomasserzeugung zur energetischen Verwertung auf marginalen Standorten in Europa - Bewertung der Standortqualit{\"a}t}, series = {B{\"a}ume in der Land(wirt)schaft - von der Theorie in die Praxis, Tagungsband mit Beitr{\"a}gen des 5. Forums Agroforstsysteme 30.11. bis 01.12.2016 in Senftenberg (OT Brieske)}, booktitle = {B{\"a}ume in der Land(wirt)schaft - von der Theorie in die Praxis, Tagungsband mit Beitr{\"a}gen des 5. Forums Agroforstsysteme 30.11. bis 01.12.2016 in Senftenberg (OT Brieske)}, editor = {B{\"o}hm, Christian}, publisher = {BTU}, address = {Cottbus}, isbn = {978-3-940471-27-7}, pages = {189 -- 195}, abstract = {Der Lehrstuhl Bodenschutz und Rekultivierung der Brandenburgischen Technischen Universit{\"a}t Cottbus-Senftenberg (BTU CS) ist Projektpartner in dem von der Europ{\"a}ischen Union im Rahmen des Programms Horizon 2020 gef{\"o}rderten Forschungsprojekts SEEMLA → „Sustainable exploitation of biomass for bioenergy from marginal lands in Europe" → „Nachhaltige Nutzung von Biomasse f{\"u}r Bioenergie von marginalen Standorten in Europa". {\"U}bergeordnetes Ziel des Projektes ist die Ermittlung des Biomassepotenzials, das auf marginalen Standorten innerhalb von Europa nachhaltig produziert und energetisch verwertet werden kann. Die BTU CS hat in diesem Kontext Untersuchungen zur Bewertung der Marginalit{\"a}t von potenziellen Biomasse-Produktionsstandorten in Deutschland, Griechenland und der Ukraine durchgef{\"u}hrt. Zu diesem Zweck wurde das M{\"u}ncheberger Soil-Quality-Rating System (SQR) (M{\"u}ller et al. 2007) eingesetzt.}, language = {de} } @misc{LeopoldDethierVoelkeletal., author = {Leopold, Matthias and Dethier, David and V{\"o}lkel, J{\"o}rg and Raab, Thomas and Rikert, Tyler Corson and Caine, Nel}, title = {Using Geophysical Methods to Study the Shallow Subsurface of a Sensitive Alpine Environment, Niwat Ridge, Colorado Front Range, U.S.A.}, series = {Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research}, volume = {40}, journal = {Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research}, number = {3}, issn = {1938-4246}, doi = {10.1657/1523-0430(06-124)[LEOPOLD]2.0.CO;2}, pages = {519 -- 530}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{VoelkelRaab, author = {V{\"o}lkel, J{\"o}rg and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Effects of uranium mining on the landscape ecology in Eastern Thuringia - Mining dumps and flooplains as sinks and sources of mining related substances}, series = {GeoDarmstadt2010, Geowissenschaften sichern Zukunft, Frankfurt am Main \& Darmstadt, 10. Oktober - 13. Oktober 2010, Kurzfassungen der Vortr{\"a}ge und Poster}, booktitle = {GeoDarmstadt2010, Geowissenschaften sichern Zukunft, Frankfurt am Main \& Darmstadt, 10. Oktober - 13. Oktober 2010, Kurzfassungen der Vortr{\"a}ge und Poster}, editor = {Hoppe, Andreas}, address = {Hannover}, isbn = {978-3-510-49219-0}, pages = {573 -- 574}, language = {en} } @incollection{WuestrichSchneiderHuettl, author = {W{\"u}strich, Diana and Schneider, Bernd Uwe and H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F.}, title = {Untersuchungen zur Rekultivierbarkeit toniger Kippenfl{\"a}chen im Tagebau Nochten}, series = {Neue Ans{\"a}tze in der land- und forstwirtschaftlichen Rekultivierung}, booktitle = {Neue Ans{\"a}tze in der land- und forstwirtschaftlichen Rekultivierung}, editor = {H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F. and Schneider, Bernd Uwe}, publisher = {BTU}, address = {Cottbus}, isbn = {978-3-937728-06-3}, pages = {79 -- 149}, language = {de} } @incollection{WannerElmerXylander, author = {Wanner, Manfred and Elmer, Michael and Xylander, Willi E. R.}, title = {Beschalte Am{\"o}ben - Charakterisierung der fr{\"u}hesten Phase des "Community Assembly" in jungen B{\"o}den}, series = {Landschaft im Wandel - nat{\"u}rliche und anthropogene Besiedlung der Niederlausitzer Bergbaufolgelandschaft}, booktitle = {Landschaft im Wandel - nat{\"u}rliche und anthropogene Besiedlung der Niederlausitzer Bergbaufolgelandschaft}, editor = {W{\"o}llecke, Jens and Anders, Kenneth and Durka, Walter and Elmer, Michael and Wanner, Manfred and Wiegleb, Gerhard}, publisher = {Shaker}, address = {Aachen}, isbn = {978-3-8322-6336-2}, pages = {79 -- 91}, language = {de} } @misc{DillyHuettl, author = {Dilly, Oliver and H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F.}, title = {Top-down and Europe-wide versus bottom-up and intra-regional identification of key issues for sustainability impact assessment}, series = {Environmental Science \& Policy}, volume = {12}, journal = {Environmental Science \& Policy}, number = {8}, issn = {1462-9011}, doi = {10.1016/j.envsci.2009.09.002}, pages = {1168 -- 1176}, language = {en} } @misc{GypserHirschSchleicheretal., author = {Gypser, Stella and Hirsch, Florian and Schleicher, Anja M. and Freese, Dirk}, title = {Impact of crystalline and amorphous iron- and aluminum hydroxides on mechanisms of phosphate adsorption and desorption}, series = {Journal of Environmental Sciences}, volume = {70}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Sciences}, doi = {10.1016/j.jes.2017.12.001}, pages = {175 -- 189}, language = {en} } @misc{SutLohmannRepmannRaab, author = {Sut-Lohmann, Magdalena and Repmann, Frank and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Stability of Prussian Blue in Soils of a Former Manufactured Gas Plant Site}, series = {Soil and Sediment Contamination}, volume = {23}, journal = {Soil and Sediment Contamination}, number = {5}, issn = {1549-7887}, doi = {10.1080/15320383.2014.839626}, pages = {504 -- 522}, abstract = {Soil contamination with iron-cyanide complexes is a common problem at former manufactured gas plant (MGP) sites. Dissolution of the cyanide, from Prussian Blue (ferric ferrocyanide), creates an environmental hazard, whereas the risk of groundwater contamination depends on the stability of dissolved iron-cyanide complexes. Lack of a standard leaching method to determine the water-soluble (plant-available) cyanide fraction generates potential limitations for implementing remediation strategies like phytoremediation. Applicability of neutral solution extraction to determine the water-soluble cyanide fraction and the stability of Prussian Blue in surface and near-surface soils of an MGP site in Cottbus, undersaturated and unsaturated water conditions, was studied in column leaching and batch extraction experiments. MGP soils used in the long-term tests varied according to the pH (5.0-7.7) and the total cyanide content (40-1718 mg kg-1). Column leaching, after four months of percolation, still yielded effluent concentrations exceeding the German drinking water limit (> 50 μg L-1) and the solubility of Prussian Blue reported in the literature (< 1 mg L-1) from both alkaline and acidic soils. Long-term (1344 h) extraction of MGP soils with distilled water was sufficient to dissolve 97\% of the total cyanide from the slightly alkaline soils and up to 78\% from the acidic soils. Both experiments revealed that dissolution of ferric ferrocyanide under circum-neutral pH and oxic water conditions is a function of time, where the released amount is dependent on the soil pH and total cyanide content. Unexpectedly high and continuous solubility of Prussian Blue, both in acidic and slightly alkaline MGP soils, implies the need to introduce an additional cyanide fraction ("readily soluble fraction") to improve and specify cyanide leaching methods. Long-term extraction of cyanide-contaminated soil in neutral solution seems to be a promising approach to evaluate the potential hazard of groundwater pollution at the MGP sites.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SutLohmannBoldtBurischRaab, author = {Sut-Lohmann, Magdalena and Boldt-Burisch, Katja and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Effect of ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) roots inoculation using different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) species on sorption of iron-cyanide (Fe-CN) complexes}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2016, Vienna, Austria, 17 April - 22 May 2016}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2016, Vienna, Austria, 17 April - 22 May 2016}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, abstract = {Soils and groundwater on sites of the former Manufactured Gas Plants (MGPs) are contaminated with various complex iron-cyanides (Fe-CN). Phytoremediation is a promising tool in stabilization and remediation of Fe-CN affected soils, however, it can be a challenging task due to extreme adverse and toxic conditions. Phytoremediation may be enhanced via rhizosphere microbial activity, which can cooperate on the degradation, transformation and uptake of the contaminants. Recently, increasing number of scientist reports improved plants performance in the removal of toxic compounds with the support of arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi (AMF). Series of batch experiments using potassium hexacyanoferrate (II) solutions, in varying concentrations, were used to study the effect of ryegrass roots (Lolium perenne L.) inoculation with Rhizophagus irregularis and a mixture of Rhizophagus irregularis, Funneliformis mosseae, Rhizophagus aggregatus, and Claroideoglomus etunicatum on Fe-CN sorption. Results indicated significantly higher colonization of R. irregularis than for the mixture of AMF species on ryegrass roots. Sorption experiments revealed significantly higher reduction of total CN and free CN content in the mycorrhizal roots, indicating greater cyanide decrease in the treatment inoculated with R. irregularis. Our study indicates contribution of AM fungi in phytoremediation of Fe-CN contaminated soil.}, language = {en} } @misc{SutLohmannRepmannRaab, author = {Sut-Lohmann, Magdalena and Repmann, Frank and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Retardation of iron-cyanide complexes in the soil of a former manufactured gas plant site}, series = {Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A}, volume = {50}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A}, number = {3}, issn = {1532-4117}, doi = {10.1080/10934529.2015.981116}, pages = {282 -- 291}, abstract = {The soil in the vicinities of former Manufactured Gas Plant (MGP) sites is commonly contaminated with iron-cyanide complexes (ferric ferrocyanide). The phenomenon of cyanide mobility in soil, according to the literature, is mainly governed by the dissolution and precipitation of ferric ferrocyanide, which is only slightly soluble (<1 mg L!'1) under acidic conditions. In this paper, retention properties of the sandy loam soil and the potential vertical movement of the solid iron-cyanide complexes, co-existing with the dissolution, sorption and precipitation reactions were investigated. Preliminary research conducted on a former MGP site implied colloidal transport of ferric ferricyanide from the initial deposition in the wastes layer towards the sandy loam material (secondary accumulation), which possibly retarded the mobility of cyanide (CN). A series of batch and column experiments were applied in order to investigate the retardation of iron-cyanide complexes by the sandy loam soil. Batch experiments revealed that in circumneutral pH conditions sandy loam material decreases the potassium ferro- and ferricyanide concentration. In column experiments a minor reduction in CN concentration was observed prior to addition of iron sulfide (FeS) layer, which induced the formation of the Prussian blue colloids in circumneutral pH conditions. Precipitated solid iron-cyanide complexes were mechanically filtered by the coherent structure of the investigated soil. Additionally, the reduction of the CN concentration of the percolation solutions by the sandy loam soil was presumably induced due to the formation of potassium manganese iron-cyanide (K2Mn[Fe(CN)6]).}, language = {en} } @misc{SutLohmannBoldtBurischRaab, author = {Sut-Lohmann, Magdalena and Boldt-Burisch, Katja and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Possible evidence for contribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in phytoremediation of iron-cyanide (Fe-CN) complexes}, series = {Ecotoxicology}, volume = {25}, journal = {Ecotoxicology}, number = {6}, issn = {1573-3017}, doi = {10.1007/s10646-016-1678-y}, pages = {1260 -- 1269}, abstract = {Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are integral functioning parts of plant root systems and are widely recognized for enhancing contaminants uptake and metabolism on severely disturbed sites. However, the patterns of their influence on the phytoremediation of iron-cyanide (Fe-CN) complexes are unknown. Fe-CN complexes are of great common interest, as iron is one of the most abundant element in soil and water. Effect of ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) roots inoculation, using mycorrhizal fungi (Rhizophagus irregularis and a mixture of R. irregularis, Funneliformis mosseae, Rhizophagus aggregatus, and Claroideoglomus etunicatum), on iron-cyanide sorption was studied. Results indicated significantly higher colonization of R. irregularis than the mixture of AMF species on ryegrass roots. Series of batch experiments using potassium hexacyanoferrate (II) solutions, in varying concentrations revealed significantly higher reduction of total CN and free CN content in the mycorrhizal roots, indicating greater cyanide decrease in the treatment inoculated with R. irregularis. Our study is a first indication of the possible positive contribution of AM fungi on the phytoremediation of iron-cyanide complexes.}, language = {en} } @misc{DimitrovaRepmannRaabetal., author = {Dimitrova, Tsvetelina and Repmann, Frank and Raab, Thomas and Freese, Dirk}, title = {Uptake of ferrocyanide in willow and poplar trees in a long term greenhouse experiment}, series = {Ecotoxicology}, volume = {24}, journal = {Ecotoxicology}, number = {3}, issn = {1573-3017}, doi = {10.1007/s10646-014-1398-0}, pages = {510}, abstract = {Phytoremediation of sites contaminated with iron cyanides can be performed using poplar and willow trees. Poplar and willow trees were grown in potting substrate spiked with ferrocyanide concentrations of up to 2,000 mg kg-1 for 4 and 8 weeks respectively. Soil solution and leaf tissue of different age were sampled for total cyanide analysis every week. Chlorophyll content in the leaves was determined to quantify cyanide toxicity. Results showed that cyanide in the soil solution of spiked soils differed between treatments and on weekly basis and ranged from 0.5 to 1,200 mg l-1. The maximum cyanide content in willow and poplar leaves was 518 mg kg-1 fresh weight (FW) and 148 mg kg-1 FW respectively. Cyanide accumulated in the leaves increased linearly with increasing cyanide concentration in the soil solution. On the long term, significantly more cyanide was accumulated in old leaf tissue than in young tissue. Chlorophyll content in poplar decreased linearly with increasing cyanide in the soil solution and in leaf tissue, and over time. The inhibitory concentration (IC50) value for poplars after 4 weeks of exposure was 173 mg l-1 and for willow after 8 weeks of exposure—768 mg l-1. Results show that willows tolerate much more cyanide and over a longer period than poplars, making them very appropriate for remediating sites highly contaminated with iron cyanides.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{KapplerKaiserGanzenmuelleretal., author = {Kappler, Christoph and Kaiser, Knut and Ganzenm{\"u}ller, Raphael and K{\"u}ster, Mathias and Nicolay, Alexander and F{\"u}lling, Alexander and Bens, Oliver and Raab, Thomas}, title = {A review of geochronological data from northeastern Germany: evaluating late Quaternary soil formation and land surface dynamics}, series = {3rd Annual ICLEA Workshop 2014, Dynamics of Climate and Landscape Evolution of Cultural Landscapes in the Northern Central European Lowlands since the Last Ice Age}, booktitle = {3rd Annual ICLEA Workshop 2014, Dynamics of Climate and Landscape Evolution of Cultural Landscapes in the Northern Central European Lowlands since the Last Ice Age}, editor = {Schwab, Markus J. and Theuerkauf, Martin and Brauer, Achim and Wilmking, Martin and Lampe, Reinhard}, publisher = {GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences}, address = {Potsdam}, doi = {10.2312/GFZ.b103-14028}, pages = {43}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SutLohmannBoldtBurischRaab, author = {Sut-Lohmann, Magdalena and Boldt-Burisch, Katja and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Influence of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus (AMF) on degradation of iron-cyanide complexes}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2015, Vienna, Austria, 13 April - 17 May 2015}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2015, Vienna, Austria, 13 April - 17 May 2015}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SutLohmannRepmannRaab, author = {Sut-Lohmann, Magdalena and Repmann, Frank and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Vertical movement of iron-cyanide complexes in soils of a former Manufactured Gas Plant site}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2015, Vienna, Austria, 13 April - 17 May 2015}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2015, Vienna, Austria, 13 April - 17 May 2015}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MykhailovaRaabGypseretal., author = {Mykhailova, Larysa and Raab, Thomas and Gypser, Stella and Fischer, Thomas}, title = {Development and hydrology of biological soil crusts -- first results from a surface inoculation experiment}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2016, Vienna, Austria, 17 April - 22 May 2016}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2016, Vienna, Austria, 17 April - 22 May 2016}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, language = {en} } @misc{SutLohmannFischerRepmannetal., author = {Sut-Lohmann, Magdalena and Fischer, Thomas and Repmann, Frank and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Long-Term Release of Iron-Cyanide Complexes from the Soil of a Manufactured Gas Plant Site}, series = {Journal of Environmental Protection}, volume = {4}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Protection}, number = {11B}, issn = {2152-2219}, doi = {10.4236/jep.2013.411A2002}, pages = {8 -- 19}, abstract = {Iron-cyanide (Fe-CN) complexes have been detected at Manufactured Gas Plant sites (MGP) worldwide. The risk of groundwater contamination depends mainly on the dissolution of ferric ferrocyanide. In order to design effective reme- diation strategies, it is relevant to understand the contaminant's fate and transport in soil, and to quantify and mathe- matically model a release rate. The release of iron-cyanide complexes from four contaminated soils, originating from the former MGP in Cottbus, has been studied by using a column experiment. Results indicated that long-term cyanide (CN) release is governed by two phases: one readily dissolved and one strongly fixed. Different isotherm and kinetic equations were used to investigate the driving mechanisms for the ferric ferrocyanide release. Applying the isotherm equations assumed an approach by which two phases were separate in time, whereas the multiple first order equation considered simultaneous occurrence of both cyanide pools. Results indicated varying CN release rates according to the phase and soil. According to isotherm and kinetic models, the long-term iron cyanide release from the MGP soils is a complex phenomenon driven by various mechanisms parallely involving desorption, diffusion and transport processes. Phase I (rapid release) is presumably mainly constrained by the transport process of readily dissolved iron-cyanide complexes combined with desorption of CN bound to reactive heterogeneous surfaces that are in direct contact with the aqueous phase (outer-sphere complexation). Phase II (limited rate) is presumably driven by the diffusion controlled processes involving dissolution of precipitated ferric ferrocyanide from the mineral or inner-sphere complexation of fer- ricyanides. CN release rates in phase I and II were mainly influenced by the pH, organic matter (OM) and the total CN content. The cyanide release rates increased with increasing pH, decreased with low initial CN concentration and were retarded by the increase in OM content.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SutLohmannRepmannRaab, author = {Sut-Lohmann, Magdalena and Repmann, Frank and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Release of iron-cyanide complexes form contaminated soils - Batch and column experiments on substrates from Manufactured Gas Plant (MGP) site}, series = {European Geosciences Union General Assembly 2013, Vienna, Austria, 07 - 12 April 2013}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union General Assembly 2013, Vienna, Austria, 07 - 12 April 2013}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, abstract = {Soils of former Manufactured Gas Plants (MGPs) are often contaminated with iron-cyanide (Fe-CN) complexes that originate from gas purification process. Cyanide is a potentially toxic substance and its presence in soil and groundwater may cause risk for human health as well as for the environment. MGPs were commonly built on the city suburban areas, which have spread ever since. Nowadays, these sites are typically located in inner cities, causing environmental thread, due to the leaching of pollutants. More recently, columns and batch experiments have been used to study fate and mobility of contaminants is soil. The release of iron-cyanide complexes under unsaturated flow conditions was evaluated with eight columns of 30 cm length and a diameter of 5,4 cm. Cyanide concentrations in the collected leachates were measured with Flow Injection Analysis (FIA). Additionally pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and various ion concentrations were determined. In order to compare the release of Fe-CN complexes in saturated conditions a batch experiment was conducted, where in defined time intervals, 1 ml of the extract water phase was analyzed for CN concentration. Study revealed an analogous trend of cyanide release in both experiments indicating primarily the release of formerly dissolved phase (hexacyanoferrates) followed by continual dissolution of ferric ferrocyanide. We conclude that batch experiments, conducted prior to column analysis, can serve as preliminary prediction of the water soluble cyanide fraction under unsaturated conditions.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SutLohmannFischerRepmannetal., author = {Sut-Lohmann, Magdalena and Fischer, Thomas and Repmann, Frank and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Feasibility of field portable near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy to determine cyanide concentrations in soil}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2013, Vienna, Austria, 07 - 12 April 2013}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2013, Vienna, Austria, 07 - 12 April 2013}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, abstract = {In Germany, at more than 1000 sites, soil is polluted with an anthropogenic contaminant in form of iron-cyanide complexes. These contaminations are caused by former Manufactured Gas Plants (MGPs), where electricity for lighting was produced in the process of coal gasification. The production of manufactured gas was restrained in 1950, which caused cessation of MGPs. Our study describes the application of Polychromix Handheld Field Portable Near-Infrared (NIR) Analyzer to predict the cyanide concentrations in soil. In recent times, when the soil remediation is of major importance, there is a need to develop rapid and non-destructive methods for contaminant determination in the field. In situ analysis enables determination of 'hot spots', is cheap and time saving in comparison to laboratory methods. This paper presents a novel usage of NIR spectroscopy, where a calibration model was developed, using multivariate calibration algorithms, in order to determine NIR spectral response to the cyanide concentration in soil samples. As a control, the contaminant concentration was determined using conventional Flow Injection Analysis (FIA). The experiments revealed that portable near-infrared spectrometers could be a reliable device for identification of contamination 'hot spots', where cyanide concentration are higher than 2400 mg kg-1 in the field and >1750 mg kg-1 after sample preparation in the laboratory, but cannot replace traditional laboratory analyses due to high limits of detection.}, language = {en} } @misc{RodionovNiiAnnangFischeretal., author = {Rodionov, Andrei and Nii-Annang, Seth and Fischer, Thomas and Gattinger, Andreas and Bens, Oliver and Raab, Thomas and H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F.}, title = {Cross-linked polyacrylates in post-mining substrates: persistence and effects on plant growth}, series = {Soil Use and Management}, volume = {30}, journal = {Soil Use and Management}, number = {1}, issn = {1475-2743}, doi = {10.1111/sum.12103}, pages = {78 -- 87}, abstract = {Application of hydrophilic polymers composed of cross-linked polyacrylate can improve soil water-holding capacity and accelerate the restoration of post-mining substrates. In this work, we studied the persistence of a polyacrylate polymer incorporated into a soil and its impact on plant nutrients at a reclamation site of former lignite mining in Lusatia (Germany). In contrast to autumn application, the incorporation of the polymer enhanced the sequestration of plant-derived carbon in the soil, which was reflected by a significant increase in the concentration of a lignin marker. Attenuated total reflexion-Fourier transform infrared spectra (ATR-FTIR) and total elemental contents in the applied polymer suggested an intensive cation exchange between the polymer framework and the soil-forming substrate. In addition, there was an enrichment of carbonaceous material, which seems to reduce the swelling and thus the water-holding capacity of the cross-linked polyacrylate. Conversely, this process protected the polymer structure from rapid decomposition.}, language = {en} } @incollection{HuettlFluehlerGerkeetal., author = {H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F. and Fl{\"u}hler, Hannes and Gerke, Horst H. and Maurer, Thomas and Schneider, Anna}, title = {Project C5 - Development of a structure and process model}, series = {Structures and processes of the initial ecosystem development phase in an artificial water catchment (Final report CRC/TR 38)}, booktitle = {Structures and processes of the initial ecosystem development phase in an artificial water catchment (Final report CRC/TR 38)}, editor = {H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F. and K{\"o}gel-Knabner, Ingrid and Schulin, Rainer and Gerwin, Werner}, publisher = {BTU, Forschungszentrum Landschaftsentwicklung und Bergbaulandschaften (FZLB)}, address = {Cottbus}, pages = {101 -- 110}, language = {en} } @misc{RodionovNiiAnnangBensetal., author = {Rodionov, Andrei and Nii-Annang, Seth and Bens, Oliver and Trimborn, Manfred and Schillem, Steffi and Schneider, Bernd Uwe and Raab, Thomas and H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F.}, title = {Impacts of Soil Additives on Crop Yield and C-Sequestration in Post Mine Substrates of Lusatia, Germany}, series = {Pedosphere}, volume = {22}, journal = {Pedosphere}, number = {3}, issn = {1002-0160}, pages = {343 -- 350}, language = {en} } @incollection{KruemmelbeinZeihser, author = {Kr{\"u}mmelbein, Julia and Zeihser, Uwe}, title = {Landwirtschaftliche Versuchsfl{\"a}che Tagebau J{\"a}nschwalde - Versuchsdesign und Fl{\"a}chenherstellung}, series = {Energieholzproduktion und bodenphysikalische Untersuchungen auf Rekultivierungsfl{\"a}chen des Niederlausitzer Braunkohlereviers}, booktitle = {Energieholzproduktion und bodenphysikalische Untersuchungen auf Rekultivierungsfl{\"a}chen des Niederlausitzer Braunkohlereviers}, editor = {Kr{\"u}mmelbein, Julia and Raab, Thomas and H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F.}, publisher = {BTU}, address = {Cottbus}, isbn = {978-3-937728-12-4}, pages = {3 -- 15}, language = {de} } @misc{RaabRaabTaklaetal., author = {Raab, Alexandra and Raab, Thomas and Takla, Melanie and Nicolay, Alexander and B{\"o}nisch, Eberhard and R{\"o}sler, H.}, title = {B{\"o}den als Archive der Landschaftsgeschichte im Vorfeld des Tagebaus J{\"a}nschwalde}, series = {Exkursionsf{\"u}hrer, Jahrestagung der Deutschen Bodenkundlichen Gesellschaft 2011, September 2011, Berlin, Potsdam}, journal = {Exkursionsf{\"u}hrer, Jahrestagung der Deutschen Bodenkundlichen Gesellschaft 2011, September 2011, Berlin, Potsdam}, publisher = {Deutsche Bodenkundliche Gesellschaft}, address = {Oldenburg}, pages = {84 -- 96}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-9614, title = {Landschaftswandel - Landscape Change}, editor = {Raab, Thomas and Raab, Alexandra and Gerwin, Werner and Schopper, Franz}, publisher = {Chair of Geopedology and Landscape Development}, address = {Cottbus}, pages = {105}, language = {de} } @misc{KruemmelbeinHornRaabetal., author = {Kr{\"u}mmelbein, Julia and Horn, Rainer and Raab, Thomas and Bens, Oliver and H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F.}, title = {Soil physical parameters of a recently established agricultural recultivation site after brown coal mining in Eastern Germany}, series = {Soil \& Tillage Research}, volume = {111}, journal = {Soil \& Tillage Research}, number = {1}, issn = {0167-1987}, doi = {10.1016/j.still.2010.08.006}, pages = {19 -- 25}, abstract = {Our study deals with agricultural recultivation of open cast brown coal mining areas in Lusatia, Eastern Germany. In this region the largest brown coal (lignite) mining area of Germany is located. Lignite mining activities lead to major disturbances of the landscape. Recultivation efforts attempt to regenerate mining areas for agricultural land use options. The geological "parent" material is of saaleian origin, has a sandy texture and was excavated from several meters depths before mining and is now used for recultivating the excavated area. Consequently, it is free of recent soil organic carbon. The substrate itself is unstructured. The partly wet or dry substrate is subjected to strong mechanical stresses during the excavation, deposition, refilling and levelling processes throughout the year. This practice leads to more or less compacted soils/substrates which may result in small yields of agricultural crops. In this context we investigate the effect of different organic soil additives in combination with different recultivation crop rotations on the development of soil structure for improved agricultural land use. Our experimental site has been heaped up and levelled off in 2006 and 2007. On each of the 24 experimental sub areas undisturbed soil samples have been taken to characterise the substrates according to their mechanical and hydraulic parameters and to determine the scattering of these parameters on a site that is assumed to be recultivated as homogenously as possible. First results of our ongoing experimental study indicate that the soil physical properties such as texture, bulk density, precompression stress, air permeability and saturated hydraulic conductivity are not identical on each of the 24 subplots. The soil physical properties behave differently in relation to each other. E.g. we found a negative correlation between bulk density (∼1.35-∼1.90 g/cm3) and precompression stress (∼30-70 kPa) and no decisive interrelation between bulk density and air permeability or saturated hydraulic conductivity.}, language = {en} } @misc{RaabHuerkampVoelkel, author = {Raab, Thomas and H{\"u}rkamp, Kerstin and V{\"o}lkel, J{\"o}rg}, title = {Stratigraphy and chronology of late Quaternary floodplain sediments in a historic mining area, Vils River Valley, East Bavaria, Germany}, series = {Physical Geography}, volume = {31}, journal = {Physical Geography}, number = {4}, issn = {1930-0557}, doi = {10.2747/0272-3646.31.4.357}, pages = {357 -- 384}, abstract = {Analysis of 288 percussion drillings from depths of up to seven meters and a 120 m long excavated section provide new and detailed information on the Late Quaternary to Late Holocene floodplain evolution from the most important Central European iron-mining region of the 15th century. The generalized sequence of the Vils River floodplain is built of five units representing facies of different genesis (rock/saprolite, gravel, sand, loam, peat) that are identified by physical, chemical, and mineralogical parameters (grain size, clast shape, and content, TOC, bulk mineralogy). Along the 87 km length of the valley, different units/facies are found at the Upper Vils River (UVR 1-5) and at the Lower Vils River (LVR 1-4b). In both river sections, fine-grained material (flood loam) forms the major part (up to 4 m) of the alluvial sequence. 29 age determinations (24 14C, 4 IRSL, 1 tree-ring analysis) show increasing accumulation of flood loam in the last millennium. The data correlate with the beginning of mining at the Vils River and hence suggest a causal connection with mining activities in the catchment—both on the slopes and in the floodplain—with intense deposition of flood loams.}, language = {en} } @book{AndersDonatDurkaetal., author = {Anders, Kenneth and Donat, Ralf and Durka, Walter and Elmer, Michael and Fischer, Lars and Gailing, Ludger and Hoffmann, Melanie and Hornemann, Gitte and H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F. and Peschel, Tim and Rißmann, Cornelia and R{\"o}hring, Andreas and Siedschlag, Yvonne and Pilarski, Monika and Vetter, Andreas and Vorwald, J{\"o}rn and W{\"o}llecke, Jens and Wiegleb, Gerhard and Xylander, Willi E. R.}, title = {Neulandschafft - Leben in den Schlabendorfer Feldern - Natur und Mensch : eine Publikation der Landschaftswerkstatt Schlabendorfer Felder im Rahmen des Forschungsverbundes SUBICON}, editor = {Anders, Kenneth and Fischer, Lars and R{\"o}hring, Andreas and Peschel, Tim and Donat, Ralf}, publisher = {B{\"u}ro f{\"u}r Landschaftskommunikation}, address = {Bad Freienwalde}, pages = {120}, language = {de} } @incollection{WannerElmerBahrtetal., author = {Wanner, Manfred and Elmer, Michael and Bahrt, Alexander and Balkenhol, Birgit and D{\"u}ker, Christian and Hohberg, Karin and N{\"a}hrig, Dietrich and H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F. and Xylander, Willi E. R.}, title = {Bodenfauna: Entwicklung der Biodiversit{\"a}t in jungen B{\"o}den der Niederlausitzer Bergbaufolgelandschaft}, series = {Landschaft im Wandel - nat{\"u}rliche und anthropogene Besiedlung der Niederlausitzer Bergbaufolgelandschaft}, booktitle = {Landschaft im Wandel - nat{\"u}rliche und anthropogene Besiedlung der Niederlausitzer Bergbaufolgelandschaft}, editor = {W{\"o}llecke, Jens and Anders, Kenneth and Durka, Walter and Elmer, Michael and Wanner, Manfred and Wiegleb, Gerhard}, publisher = {Shaker}, address = {Aachen}, isbn = {978-3-8322-6336-2}, pages = {43 -- 51}, language = {de} } @misc{SchneiderGerkeMaurer, author = {Schneider, Anna and Gerke, Horst H. and Maurer, Thomas}, title = {3D initial sediment distribution and quantification of mass balances of an artificially-created hydrological catchment based on DEMs from aerial photographs using GOCAD}, series = {Physics and Chemistry of the Earth}, volume = {36}, journal = {Physics and Chemistry of the Earth}, number = {1-4}, issn = {1474-7065}, doi = {10.1016/j.pce.2010.03.023}, pages = {87 -- 100}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BadorreckGerke, author = {Badorreck, Annika and Gerke, Horst H.}, title = {Visualization of soil structure modifications and infiltration patterns by ground-dwelling beetle larvae and moss vegetation}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2011, Vienna, Austria}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2011, Vienna, Austria}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, language = {en} } @misc{KayatzBaroniHillieretal., author = {Kayatz, Benjamin and Baroni, Gabriele and Hillier, Jon and L{\"u}dtke, Stefan and Freese, Dirk and Wattenbach, Martin}, title = {Supporting decision-making in agricultural water management under data scarcity using global datasets - chances, limits and potential improvements}, series = {Agricultural Water Management}, volume = {296}, journal = {Agricultural Water Management}, publisher = {Elsevier BV}, issn = {0378-3774}, doi = {10.1016/j.agwat.2024.108803}, abstract = {Assessing alternative agricultural water management strategies requires long-term field trials or vast data collection for model calibration and simulation. This work aims to assess whether an uncalibrated agro-hydrological model using global input datasets for climate, soil and crop information can serve as a decision support tool for crop water management under data scarcity. This study employs the Cool Farm Tool Water (CFTW) at eight eddy covariance sites of the FLUXNET2015 dataset. CFTW is tested using global (CFTWglobal) and local (CFTWlocal) input datasets under current and alternative management scenarios. Results show that the use of global datasets for estimating daily evapotranspiration had little effect on the median Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) (CFTWglobal: 1.70 mm, CFTWlocal: 1.79 mm), while, however, the median model bias is much greater (CFTWglobal: 18.6\%, CFTWlocal: 4.3\%). Furthermore, the periods of water stress were little affected by the use of local or global data (median accuracy: 0.84), whereas the use of global data inputs led to a significant overestimation of irrigation water requirements (median difference: 110 mm). The model performance improves predominantly through the use of more representative local precipitation data, followed by local reference evapotranspiration and soil for some European growing seasons. We identify model outputs that can support decision-making when relying on global data, such as periods of water stress and the daily dynamics of water use. However, our findings also emphasize the difficulty of overcoming data scarcity in decision-making in agricultural water management. Furthermore, we provide recommendations for enhancing model performance and thus may increase the accessibility of reliable decision support tools in the future.}, language = {en} } @misc{HasharNasrinFreeseetal., author = {Hashar, Mohammad Rafiul and Nasrin, Shamima and Freese, Dirk and Veste, Maik}, title = {Study of phosphorus status and sorption properties in reclaimed lignite mine soils under different age stands of Robinia pseudoacacia L. in Welzow, Germany}, series = {Land Degradation \& Development}, journal = {Land Degradation \& Development}, publisher = {Wiley}, issn = {1085-3278}, doi = {10.1002/ldr.5214}, pages = {12}, abstract = {AbstractDue to the open-cast mining activities, a large area in the Lusatian region in eastern Germany was left unproductive. Robinia pseudoacacia L. was planted within different ages in that large area as a short rotation coppice for woody biomass cultivation as well as to increase soil nutrients by increasing plant phosphorous (P) availability, accumulating organic matter input and biological nitrogen fixation. In this experiment, soil chemical analysis has been done to investigate the improvement and status of P in the mining soil depending on the ages of plantation (16, 17, 18, and 27 years old) of Robinia pseudoacacia L. The results show a higher P sorption in the oldest site, and the average P sorption capacity (PSC) obtained in the oldest site was 21.0 mmol Kg-1, which was 3-4 times higher than the youngest site. However, all the values were very low compared with the optimum plant growth level, and low P desorption indicates a low level of plant-available P in the soil. The lower sorption properties with the small amount of oxalate iron (Feox) and oxalate aluminum (Alox) indicate the general P deficiency in the soil. However, a comparison from a previous study on the same experimental areas shows that not much improvement has occurred in soil P, and the change in soil P dynamics is very low. Nevertheless, the improvement of the values with increasing ages of Robinia pseudoacacia L. indicates that further improvement may be expected in soil nutrients with time.}, language = {en} } @misc{PohlMaurischatSchiedungetal., author = {Pohl, Lydia and Maurischat, Philipp and Schiedung, Marcus and Weber, Tobias K. D. and Winkler, Pauline}, title = {Editorial: Soil science challenges - An interdisciplinary overview of current and future topics}, series = {Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science}, volume = {185}, journal = {Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science}, number = {5}, issn = {1522-2624}, doi = {10.1002/jpln.202200396}, pages = {3}, abstract = {This editorial was written by early career scientists in soil science and gives an overview of the articles published in the special issue "Soil Science Challenges—An Interdisciplinary Overview of Current and Future Topics" on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science. A broad range of articles addressing soil carbon dynamics from the microscale to landscape scale, multi-dimensional modeling, improved land management practices, nutrient cycles, soil hydrology, plastic in soils, and interdisciplinarity of soil science is covered in this issue.}, language = {en} } @incollection{HelmingTscherningKoenigetal., author = {Helming, Katharina and Tscherning, Karen and K{\"o}nig, Bettina and Sieber, Stefan and Wiggering, Hubert and Kuhlmann, Tom and Wascher, Dirk and P{\´e}rez-Soba, Marta and Smeets, Peter and Tabbush, Paul and Dilly, Oliver and H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F. and Bach, Hanne}, title = {Ex ante impact assessment of land use change in European regions - the SENSOR approach}, series = {Sustainability impact assessment of multifunctional land use changes}, booktitle = {Sustainability impact assessment of multifunctional land use changes}, editor = {Helming, Katharina and P{\´e}rez-Soba, Marta and Tabbush, Paul}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin [u.a.]}, isbn = {978-3-540-78648-1}, pages = {77 -- 105}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BoldtBurischNaethSchneideretal., author = {Boldt-Burisch, Katja and Naeth, M. Anne and Schneider, Bernd Uwe and H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F.}, title = {Root growth, mycorrhization and physiological effects of plants growing on oil tailing sands}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2015, Vienna, Austria, 13 April - 17 May 2015}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2015, Vienna, Austria, 13 April - 17 May 2015}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, language = {en} } @incollection{GerkeSchaafHangen, author = {Gerke, Horst H. and Schaaf, Wolfgang and Hangen, Edzard}, title = {Pr{\"a}ferentielle Wasser- und Luftbewegung in heterogenen aufgeforsteten Kippen im Lausitzer Braunkohletagebaugebiet}, language = {de} } @incollection{BensFelixHenningsen, author = {Bens, Oliver and Felix-Henningsen, Peter}, title = {Variability of litter decomposition and nitrogen turnover in different Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) ecosystems in Northwest Germany under the influence of groundwater lowering}, language = {en} } @misc{NiiAnnangRodionovRaabetal., author = {Nii-Annang, Seth and Rodionov, Andrei and Raab, Thomas and Bens, Oliver and H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F. and Dilly, Oliver}, title = {Impact of Commercial Soil Additives on Microbial Activity and Carbon Isotopic Characteristics of Recultivated Post Lignite Mine Soils}, series = {Geomicrobiology Journal}, volume = {28}, journal = {Geomicrobiology Journal}, number = {7}, issn = {1521-0529}, pages = {567 -- 573}, language = {en} } @incollection{Schaaf, author = {Schaaf, Wolfgang}, title = {Soil solution}, series = {Initial development of the artificial catchment "Chicken Creek" : monitoring program and survey 2005-2008}, booktitle = {Initial development of the artificial catchment "Chicken Creek" : monitoring program and survey 2005-2008}, editor = {Schaaf, Wolfgang and Biemelt, Detlef and H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F.}, publisher = {Univ. of Technology, Research Center Landscape Development and Mining Landscapes}, address = {Cottbus}, pages = {45 -- 56}, language = {en} } @misc{GebhardtWoelleckeMuenzenbergeretal., author = {Gebhardt, Sascha and W{\"o}llecke, Jens and M{\"u}nzenberger, Babette and H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F.}, title = {Microscale spatial distribution pattern of red oak (Quercus rubra L.) ectomycorrhiza}, series = {Mycological Progress}, volume = {8}, journal = {Mycological Progress}, number = {3}, issn = {1861-8952}, doi = {10.1007/s11557-009-0596-2}, pages = {245 -- 257}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchneiderGerkeMaureretal., author = {Schneider, Anna and Gerke, Horst H. and Maurer, Thomas and Nenov, Rossen and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Hydro-geomorphic differentiation of an artificial catchment during the initial phase of ecosystem development}, series = {AGU Fall Meeting 2011, San Francisco, Calif., 5-9 Dec. 2011}, booktitle = {AGU Fall Meeting 2011, San Francisco, Calif., 5-9 Dec. 2011}, pages = {H31A-1134}, language = {en} } @misc{Dilly, author = {Dilly, Oliver}, title = {Ratios of microbial biomass estimates to evaluate microbial physiology in soil}, series = {Biology and Fertility of Soils}, volume = {42}, journal = {Biology and Fertility of Soils}, number = {3}, issn = {1432-0789}, doi = {10.1007/s00374-005-0021-1}, pages = {241 -- 246}, language = {en} } @misc{MaWeberKratzetal., author = {Ma, Yunyao and Weber, Bettina and Kratz, Alexandra and Raggio, Jos{\´e} and Colesie, Claudia and Veste, Maik and Bader, Maaike Y. and Porada, Philipp}, title = {Exploring environmental and physiological drivers of the annual carbon budget of biocrusts from various climatic zones with a mechanistic data-driven model}, series = {Biogeosciences}, volume = {20}, journal = {Biogeosciences}, number = {13}, issn = {1726-4189}, doi = {10.5194/bg-20-2553-2023}, pages = {2553 -- 2572}, abstract = {Biocrusts are a worldwide phenomenon, contributing substantially to ecosystem functioning. Their growth and survival depend on multiple environmental factors, including climatic ones, and the relations of these factors to physiological processes. Responses of biocrusts to individual environmental factors have been examined in a large number of field and laboratory experiments. These observational data, however, have rarely been assembled into a comprehensive, consistent framework that allows quantitative exploration of the roles of multiple environmental factors and physiological properties for the performance of biocrusts, in particular across climatic regions. Here we used a data-driven mechanistic modelling framework to simulate the carbon balance of biocrusts, a key measure of their growth and survival. We thereby assessed the relative importance of physiological and environmental factors for the carbon balance at six study sites that differ in climatic conditions. Moreover, we examined the role of seasonal acclimation of physiological properties using our framework, since the effects of this process on the carbon balance of biocrusts are poorly constrained so far. We found substantial effects of air temperature, CO2 concentration, and physiological parameters that are related to respiration on biocrust carbon balance, which differ, however, in their patterns across regions. The ambient CO2 concentration is the most important factor for biocrusts from drylands, while air temperature has the strongest impact at alpine and temperate sites. Metabolic respiration cost plays a more important role than optimum temperature for gross photosynthesis at the alpine site; this is not the case, however, in drylands and temperate regions. Moreover, we estimated a small annual carbon gain of 1.5  by lichen-dominated biocrust and 1.9  by moss-dominated biocrust at a dryland site, while the biocrusts lost a large amount of carbon at some of the temperate sites (e.g. -92.1 for lichen-dominated and -74.7  for moss-dominated biocrust). These strongly negative values contradict the observed survival of the organisms at the sites and may be caused by the uncertainty in environmental conditions and physiological parameters, which we assessed in a sensitivity analysis. Another potential explanation for this result may be the lack of acclimation in the modelling approach, since the carbon balance can increase substantially when testing for seasonally varying parameters in the sensitivity analysis. We conclude that the uncertainties in air temperature, CO2 concentration, respiration-related physiological parameters, and the absence of seasonal acclimation in the model for humid temperate and alpine regions may be a relevant source of error and should be taken into account in future approaches that aim at estimating the long-term biocrust carbon balance based on ecophysiological data.}, language = {en} } @misc{OpreiSchreckingerKholiavkoetal., author = {Oprei, Anna and Schreckinger, Jos{\´e} and Kholiavko, Tatiana and Frossard, Aline and Mutz, Michael and Risse-Buhl, Ute}, title = {Long-term functional recovery and associated microbial community structure after sediment drying and bedform migration}, series = {Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution}, volume = {Vol. 11}, journal = {Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution}, issn = {2296-701X}, doi = {10.3389/fevo.2023.1112519}, abstract = {Climate change and erosion from agricultural areas cause increased drying periods and bedform migration of riverbeds, respectively, worldwide. Both sediment drying and bedform migration can independently stress the microbial community residing in the riverbed. Here, we investigated the microbial response after exposure to these stressors with a focus on long-term recovery. We conducted an in situ experiment to investigate the long-term (8 months) functional and structural recovery of benthic microbial communities from either sediment drying (episodic severe stressor) or bedform migration (frequent moderate stressor). Stressed sediment associated communities were rewetted (dried sediments) and immobilized (migrated sediments) and exposed in the River Spree (north-eastern Germany) to initiate the recovery process. We then evaluated the microbial function (community respiration, net community production and extracellular enzymatic activities) as well as the bacterial, fungal and diatom community structure (16S rRNA gene and ITS region metabarcoding, and microscopic diatom morphotype classification). We observed different recovery times for community respiration (less than 7 days) and gross primary production (more than 5 months), implying a shift toward net heterotrophy in the first few months after stress exposure. Similarly, we observed a strong autotrophic community response (particularly associated with the diatoms Navicula and Fragilaria), especially in migrated sediments. The bacterial and fungal community response to sediment drying was stronger than to bedform migration (particularly associated with the bacterium Flavobacterium and the fungi Alternaria sp. and Aureobasidium pullulans). Our results show that sediment drying and bedform migration had a significant impact on the microbial community function and structure, which persisted for several months after the stress. Due to the surprising long period of recovery, successive stress events combined with seasonal effects will likely hamper the ongoing recovery process with severe alterations to the microbial function and structure. These findings extend the concept of ecosystem resilience and stability on the dimensions of timescale and seasonal environmental variations. Legacy effects are expected to play a key role when facing future stress.}, language = {en} } @misc{FischerKholiavkoSchaafetal., author = {Fischer, Thomas and Kholiavko, Tatiana and Schaaf, Wolfgang and Veste, Maik}, title = {Soil respiration responses of moss and lichen biocoenoses to moderate and severe rain events after summer drought in a temperate early-successional ecosystem}, series = {Ecohydrology}, volume = {16}, journal = {Ecohydrology}, number = {7}, issn = {1936-0592}, doi = {10.1002/eco.2578}, abstract = {It is commonly accepted that CO2 efflux increases with soil water content in aerated soils and that rewetting after periods of soil drying can result in respiration pulses. It has further been shown that soil pores may become water logged which can impede soil gas exchange. The present study aimed to quantify the carbon response of moss (Polytrichum piliferum) and lichen (Cladonia coniocraea) biocoenoses to different quantities of rain in an artificial catchment, which granted that the starting point of the development of both biocoenoses was the same. To address this aim, we conducted in situ soil moisture and soil respiration measurements, where soil respiration was hypothesised to emerge from a cryptogamic vegetation layer and from mineral soil beneath. We found that higher water-holding capacity of the moss layer and higher accumulation of organic matter in the upper mineral soil under mosses result in higher amounts of water stored near the surface. As a consequence, evaporation of water as well as pulses of CO2 efflux after moderate rain following a period of drought were higher in the moss biocoenosis, where the upper mineral soil was of key importance. In contrast, the lichen biocoenosis facilitated penetration of rainwater into the deep soil. Superimposing rewetting pulses, near-saturation of soil pores with water after severe rain resulted in gas exchange inhibition and diminished soil respiration until subsequent aeration in both biocoenoses}, language = {en} } @misc{ChabbiRumpelGrootesetal., author = {Chabbi, Abad and Rumpel, C. and Grootes, Pieter M. and Gonzales-Perez, J. A. and Delaune, R. D. and Gonzales-Vila, F. and Nixdorf, Brigitte and H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F.}, title = {Lignite degradation and mineralization in lignite-containing mine sediment as revealed by 14C activity measurements and molecular analysis}, series = {Organic Geochemistry}, volume = {37}, journal = {Organic Geochemistry}, number = {8}, issn = {0146-6380}, doi = {10.1016/j.orggeochem.2006.02.002}, pages = {957 -- 976}, language = {en} } @misc{RisseBuhlHagedornDuemigetal., author = {Risse-Buhl, Ute and Hagedorn, Frank and D{\"u}mig, Alexander and Gessner, Mark O. and Schaaf, Wolfgang and Nii-Annang, Seth and Gerull, Linda and Mutz, Michael}, title = {Dynamics, chemical properties and bioavailability of DOC in an early successional catchment}, series = {Biogeosciences}, volume = {10}, journal = {Biogeosciences}, issn = {1726-4189}, doi = {doi:10.5194/bg-10-4751-2013}, pages = {4751 -- 4765}, language = {en} } @misc{MantovaniVesteBoldtBurischetal., author = {Mantovani, Dario and Veste, Maik and Boldt-Burisch, Katja and Fritsch, Simone and Koning, Laurie Anne and Freese, Dirk}, title = {Carbon allocation, nodulation, and biological nitrogen fixation of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) under soil water limitation}, series = {Annals of Forest Research}, volume = {58}, journal = {Annals of Forest Research}, number = {2}, issn = {2065-2445}, doi = {10.15287/afr.2015.420}, pages = {259 -- 274}, abstract = {The pioneer tree black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) is a drought-resistant tree and, in symbiosis with Rhizobium, able to fix dinitrogen from the atmosphere. It is, therefore, an interesting species for marginal lands where soil amelioration is sought in addition to economic gain. However, the interaction between soil water availability, carbon allocation and nitrogen fixation is important for a successful establishment of trees on marginal lands and has not yet been investigated for black locust. Twoyear-old trees were grown under various soil water conditions and drought cycles. The stable isotopic composition of C (δ 13C) and N (δ 15N) of the leaves was used to identify i) the effective drought condition of the treatments and ii) the portion N accrued from the atmosphere by the biological nitrogen fixation. Drought-stressed plants significantly reduced their total aboveground biomass production, which was linearly linked to tree transpiration. The shoot:root ratio values changed from 2.2 for the drought-stressed to 4.3 for the well-watered plants. Our investigation shows that drought stress increases the nodule biomass of black locust in order to maintain biological nitrogen fixation and to counteract the lower soil nitrogen availability. The biological nitrogen fixation of drought-stressed trees could be maintained at relatively higher values compared to the well-watered trees. The average leaf nitrogen content varied between 2.8\% and 3.0\% and was not influenced by the drought stress. Carbon fixation, carbon allocation, and biological nitrogen fixation are to some extent balanced at low irrigation and allow Robinia to cope with long-term water constraints. The combination of black locust's ecophysiological and morphological plasticity make it interesting as a biomass source for bioenergy and timber production, even in nutrient-limited and drought-affected areas of Europe.}, language = {en} } @misc{KwakChangNaethetal., author = {Kwak, Jin-Hyeob and Chang, Scott X. and Naeth, M. Anne and Schaaf, Wolfgang}, title = {Coarse Woody Debris Increases Microbial Community Functional Diversity but not Enzyme Activities in Reclaimed Oil Sands Soils}, series = {PLoS One}, volume = {10}, journal = {PLoS One}, issn = {1932-6203}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0143857}, pages = {0143857}, abstract = {Forest floor mineral soil mix (FMM) and peat mineral soil mix (PMM) are cover soils commonly used for upland reclamation post open-pit oil sands mining in northern Alberta, Canada. Coarse woody debris (CWD) can be used to regulate soil temperature and water content, to increase organic matter content, and to create microsites for the establishment of microorganisms and vegetation in upland reclamation. We studied the effects of CWD on soil microbial community level physiological profile (CLPP) and soil enzyme activities in FMM and PMM in a reclaimed landscape in the oil sands. This experiment was conducted with a 2 (FMM vs PMM) × 2 (near CWD vs away from CWD) factorial design with 6 replications. The study plots were established with Populus tremuloides (trembling aspen) CWD placed on each plot between November 2007 and February 2008. Soil samples were collected within 5 cm from CWD and more than 100 cm away from CWD in July, August and September 2013 and 2014. Microbial biomass was greater (p<0.05) in FMM than in PMM, in July, and August 2013 and July 2014, and greater (p<0.05) near CWD than away from CWD in FMM in July and August samplings. Soil microbial CLPP differed between FMM and PMM (p<0.01) according to a principal component analysis and CWD changed microbial CLPP in FMM (p<0.05) but not in PMM. Coarse woody debris increased microbial community functional diversity (average well color development in Biolog Ecoplates) in both cover soils (p<0.05) in August and September 2014. Carbon degrading soil enzyme activities were greater in FMM than in PMM (p<0.05) regardless of distance from CWD but were not affected by CWD. Greater microbial biomass and enzyme activities in FMM than in PMM will increase organic matter decomposition and nutrient cycling, improving plant growth. Enhanced microbial community functional diversity by CWD application in upland reclamation has implications for accelerating upland reclamation after oil sands mining.}, language = {en} } @misc{MantovaniVesteGypseretal., author = {Mantovani, Dario and Veste, Maik and Gypser, Stella and Halke, Christian and Koning, Laurie Anne and Freese, Dirk and Lebzien, Stefan}, title = {Transpiration and biomass production of the bioenergy crop Giant Knotweed Igniscum under various supplies of water and nutrients}, series = {Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics}, volume = {62}, journal = {Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics}, number = {4}, issn = {0042-790X}, doi = {10.2478/johh-2014-0028}, pages = {316 -- 323}, abstract = {Soil water availability, nutrient supply and climatic conditions are key factors for plant production. For a sustainable integration of bioenergy plants into agricultural systems, detailed studies on their water uses and growth performances are needed. The new bioenergy plant Igniscum Candy is a cultivar of the Sakhalin Knotweed (Fallopia sachalinensis), which is characterized by a high annual biomass production. For the determination of transpiration-yield relations at the whole plant level we used wicked lysimeters at multiple irrigation levels associated with the soil water availability (25, 35, 70, 100\%) and nitrogen fertilization (0, 50, 100, 150 kg N ha-1). Leaf transpiration and net photosynthesis were determined with a portable minicuvette system. The maximum mean transpiration rate was 10.6 mmol m-2 s-1 for well-watered plants, while the mean net photosynthesis was 9.1 μmol m-2 s-1. The cumulative transpiration of the plants during the growing seasons varied between 49 l (drought stressed) and 141 l (well-watered) per plant. The calculated transpiration coefficient for Fallopia over all of the treatments applied was 485.6 l kg-1. The transpiration-yield relation of Igniscum is comparable to rye and barley. Its growth performance making Fallopia a potentially good second generation bioenergy crop.}, language = {en} } @misc{QuinkensteinJochheim, author = {Quinkenstein, Ansgar and Jochheim, Hubert}, title = {Assessing the carbon sequestration potential of poplar and black locust short rotation coppices on mine reclamation sites in Eastern Germany - Model development and application}, series = {Journal of Environmental Management}, volume = {168}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Management}, issn = {0301-4797}, doi = {10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.11.044}, pages = {53 -- 66}, abstract = {In the temperate zone short rotation coppice systems for the production of woody biomass (SRC) have gained great interest as they offer a pathway to both sustainable bioenergy production and the potential sequestration of CO₂ within the biomass and the soil. This study used the carbon model SHORTCAR to assess the carbon cycle of a poplar (Populus suaveolens Fisch. x Populus trichocarpa Torr. et Gray cv. Androscoggin) and a black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) SRC. The model was calibrated using data from established SRC plantations on reclaimed mine sites in northeast Germany and validated through the determination of uncertainty ranges of selected model parameters and a sensitivity analysis. In addition to a 'reference scenario', representing the actual site conditions, 7 hypothetical scenarios, which varied in climate conditions, rotation intervals, runtimes, and initial soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks, were defined for each species. Estimates of carbon accumulation within the biomass, the litter layer, and the soil were compared to field data and previously published results. The model was sensitive to annual stem growth and initial soil organic carbon stocks. In the reference scenario net biome production for SRC on reclaimed sites in Lusatia, Germany amounted to 64.5 Mg C ha⁻¹ for R. pseudoacacia and 8.9 Mg C ha⁻¹ for poplar, over a period of 36 years. These results suggest a considerable potential of SRC for carbon sequestration at least on marginal sites.}, language = {en} } @misc{KoningVesteFreeseetal., author = {Koning, Laurie Anne and Veste, Maik and Freese, Dirk and Lebzien, Stefan}, title = {Effects of nitrogen and phsphate fertilization on leaf nutrient content, photosythesis, and growth of the novel bioenergy crop Fallopia schalinensis vc. 'Igniscum Candy'}, series = {Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality}, volume = {88}, journal = {Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality}, issn = {1439-040X}, doi = {10.5073/JABFQ.2015.088.005}, pages = {22 -- 28}, abstract = {The aim of the study was to determine the effects of nitrogen and phosphate fertilization on the growth performance of the novel bioenergy crop Fallopia sachalinensis cv. 'Igniscum Candy' (Polygonaceae). In a controlled pot experiment various nitrogen (0, 50, 150, 300 kg N ha-1) and phosphate (20, 40, 80 kg P ha-1) fertilizer amounts were applied to measure the effect on the biomass, plant height, leaf area, and leaf nutrient (N and P) content. Furthermore, the ecophysiological processes of chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence, and gas exchange were measured. The application of nitrogen correlated positively with biomass production, while phosphate fertilization did not show a significant effect on plant growth or ecophysiological parameters. The leaf nitrogen contents were significantly correlated with the nitrogen applications, while the leaf phosphate contents did not show a correlation with the P fertilizations, but increased with the leaf nitrogen contents. A significant linear correlation between N-Tester chlorophyll meter values and chlorophyll contents as well as with leaf nitrogen contents could be determined. Under the influence of the nitrogen fertilization, net photosynthesis increased from 3.7 to 6.6 μmol m-2 s-1. The results of this experiment demonstrated that nitrogen fertilization has an overall positive correlation with leaf nitrogen content, photosynthesis, and growth of the bioenergy crop Fallopia sachalinensis var. Igniscum Candy.}, language = {en} } @misc{VesteTodtBreckle, author = {Veste, Maik and Todt, Henning and Breckle, Siegmar-W.}, title = {Influence of halophytic hosts on their parasites - the case of Plicosepalus acaciae}, series = {AOB Plants}, volume = {7}, journal = {AOB Plants}, issn = {2041-2851}, doi = {10.1093/aobpla/plu084}, pages = {plu084}, abstract = {Halophytes develop various morphological and physiological traits that enable them to grow successfully on saline substrates. Parasitic plants on halophytic hosts may also encounter salt stress. We investigated the mistletoe Plicosepalus acaciae (syn: Loranthus acacia; Loranthaceae), which occurs on 5 halophytic and at least 10 non-halophytic hosts in the Southern Arava Valley (Israel). Plicosepalus acaciae is a common parasite north of Eilat to the Dead Sea area and in the Jordan Valley. Morphological and physiological responses of P. acaciae to salinity were investigated by comparison of plants on halophytic with those on non-halophytic hosts. Ion patterns of different host-parasite associations were determined as was the development of leaf succulence at different growth stages. The leaf water content of P. acaciae increased and leaves developed succulence when growing on halophytic hosts, especially on Tamarix species, where leaf water content was three times higher than that on non-halophytic hosts and the leaf volume increased four to five times. The reason for increased succulence was a higher ion concentration of, and osmotic adjustment with, Na+ and Cl2. Plicosepalus acaciae showed a high morphological and ecophysiological plasticity, enabling it to cope with salt stress, and can be classified as a facultative eu-halophyte, which increases its halo-succulence according to the host. Host-parasite associations are a model systemfor the investigation of halophytes under different salt stress conditions.}, language = {en} } @misc{MantovaniVesteBoehmetal., author = {Mantovani, Dario and Veste, Maik and B{\"o}hm, Christian and Vignudelli, Marco and Freese, Dirk}, title = {Spatial and temporal variation of drought impact on black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) water status and growth}, series = {iForest Biogeosciences and Forestry}, volume = {8}, journal = {iForest Biogeosciences and Forestry}, issn = {1971-7458}, doi = {10.3832/ifor1299-008}, pages = {743 -- 747}, abstract = {Stimulated by the rising demand for bioenergy, forestry practices for energy production are of increasing importance worldwide. Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) is a suitable tree species for biomass production in shortrotation plantations in East Germany, especially on marginal land where insufficient water and nutrients are a limiting factor for tree growth. Our study aims to clarify the spatial and temporal variability of the black locust growth through the analysis of the plant water status, and to evaluate the effect of adverse edaphic conditions on growth performances, amplified by periods of summer drought. The study was carried out at two sites presenting comparable climatic but different edaphic conditions: (i) fertile agricultural soil; and (ii) heterogeneous unstructured soil from a reclaimed post-mining area. During the vegetation period, the growth rate decreased in both sites following the plant water status in terms of pre-dawn leaf water potential. Particularly in the post-mining area, due to the adverse edaphic conditions, below the critical pre-dawn water potential value of -0.5 MPa, the stem growth was drastically reduced during a period of summer drought. However, the trees could cope with the extreme soil and weather conditions in the post-mining site without perishing.}, language = {en} } @misc{TsonkovaMirckBoehmetal., author = {Tsonkova, Penka and Mirck, Jaconette and B{\"o}hm, Christian and F{\"u}tz, Bettina}, title = {Addressing farmer-perceptions and legal constraints to promote agroforestry in Germany}, series = {Agroforestry Systems}, volume = {92}, journal = {Agroforestry Systems}, number = {4}, issn = {1572-9680}, doi = {10.1007/s10457-018-0228-4}, pages = {1091 -- 1103}, abstract = {Agroforestry is receiving increasing attention in Germany because of its capacity to address some of the negative consequences of intensive agriculture. However the actual uptake and maintenance of agroforestry by farmers remains low. The aim of this study was to identify the opportunities and obstacles to agroforestry in Germany and to identify potential measures which could address the obstacles and increase agroforestry adoption. Qualitative interviews with 32 farmers indicated that the legal framework and administrative burden associated with agroforestry in Germany was a major obstacle. The farmers recognised that agroforestry provided environmental benefits, but these do not always increase farm profitability. Agroforestry was identified as a viable alternative to conventional farming systems, especially in less productive areas, not profitable when managed in a conventional way. To enhance the implementation of agroforestry the simplification of the legal framework is crucial. Modern agroforestry should be better recognized by existing policy measures providing payments for environmentally friendly farming. Ultimately, an integrated approach for environmental benefits and production objectives is required, which is based on rewarding farmers for providing ecosystem services (ESs) and a stronger public involvement in sustainable land use practices. Rewarding farmers for ESs could increase the interest in agroforestry in highly productive areas, enhancing sustainable land use in the long term.}, language = {en} } @misc{BoldtBurischNaeth, author = {Boldt-Burisch, Katja and Naeth, M. Anne}, title = {Early colonization of root associated fungal communities on reclamation substrates at a diamond mine in the Canadian Sub-Arctic}, series = {Applied Soil Ecology}, volume = {110}, journal = {Applied Soil Ecology}, issn = {0929-1393}, doi = {10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.10.006}, pages = {118 -- 126}, abstract = {Mining sites are harsh environments and establishment of root associated symbiotic fungi may be crucial for plant establishment and long term community development. Diamond mining in the Northwest Territories produces large amounts of processed kimberlite, and in some cases lake bed sediment and reclamation is needed for re-establishment of ecosystem function. This study investigated early fungal colonization with arbuscular mycorrhizae and dark septate endophytes on common reclamation substrates of different ages, relative to native tundra. Natural colonization of vegetation free sites with mycorrhizal spores on a trajectory associated with substrate age and type was very low. Fungal spore quantity and diversity was significantly accelerated by establishment of vegetation. Dark septate endophytes dominated native site Cyperaceae whereas reclamation site grasses were dominated by arbuscular mycorrhizae. Topsoil amendment was most effective for fungal colonization on reclamation substrates suggesting that a single application of topsoil can have a long term effect on the soil fungal community.}, language = {en} } @incollection{QuinkensteinBoehmMatosetal., author = {Quinkenstein, Ansgar and B{\"o}hm, Christian and Matos, Eduardo da Silva and Freese, Dirk and H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F.}, title = {Assessing the carbon sequestration in short rotation coppice systems of Robinia pseudoacacia on marginal sites in NE-Germany}, series = {Carbon Sequestration Potential of Agroforestry Systems Opportunities and Challenges}, booktitle = {Carbon Sequestration Potential of Agroforestry Systems Opportunities and Challenges}, editor = {Kumar, B. Mohan and Ramachandran Nair, P. K.}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Dordrecht [u.a.]}, isbn = {978-94-007-1629-2}, pages = {201 -- 216}, language = {en} } @misc{GypserHerppichFischeretal., author = {Gypser, Stella and Herppich, Werner B. and Fischer, Thomas and Lange, Philipp and Veste, Maik}, title = {Photosynthetic characteristics and their spatial variance on biological soil crusts covering initial soils of post-mining sites in Lower Lusatia, NE Germany}, series = {Flora}, volume = {Vol. 220}, journal = {Flora}, issn = {0367-2530}, doi = {10.1016/j.flora.2016.02.012}, pages = {103 -- 116}, abstract = {Following surface disturbance, quaternary sands are the basic substrate for soil development in the Lusatian reclamation area. These substrates mostly contain few organic matter and, hence, are nutrient poor. Accumulation of soil carbon is an important factor for ecosystem development, where biological soil crusts initially influence soil processes and promote ecosystem succession. The compositional structures of biological soil crusts at various developmental stages and their photosynthetic properties were investigated on two former open-cast lignite sites, currently under reclamation, an artificial sand dune in Welzow S{\"u}d, and a forest plantation in Schlabendorf S{\"u}d (Brandenburg, Germany). As development of biological soil crusts progressed, their contents of organic carbon and total chlorophyll increased. The ratio of these parameters, however, varied with the relative contribution of lichens and mosses in particular. Also maximum photochemical efficiency, net photosynthesis and respiration increased with crustal development. An additional evaluation of NDVI and chlorophyll fluorescence images showed that especially moss-dominated biocrusts had higher photosynthetic capacity compared to green algae-dominated biocrusts or soil lichens, so the photosynthetic capacity showed to be highly species-specific. The ratio of gross photosynthesis to respiration indicated a higher ecological efficiency of biocrusts dominated by green algae than of lichen-dominated biocrusts. The occurrence of soil lichens reduced net CO2 fixation and increased CO2 release due to the enhanced mycobiontic respiration. During crustal succession, the rise of photosynthesis-related parameters is not necessarily linear as a result of the highly heterogenic distribution of the different crustal organisms between biocrusts of similar developmental stages as well as between those growing at the two study sites. Therefore, the evaluation of relevant ecophysiological parameters highlighted that not all biocrust-forming organisms similarly contribute to the ecophysiological behavior of biological soil crusts. Nevertheless, the occurrence of the biological soil crusts promoted soil formation and accumulation of soil carbon in initial soils.}, language = {en} } @misc{BoldtBurischNaeth, author = {Boldt-Burisch, Katja and Naeth, M. Anne}, title = {Mycorrhization affects root distribution of Lotus corniculatus and Calamagrostis epigeios in a nutrient poor heterogeneous soil in a rhizotron experiment}, series = {Rhizosphere}, volume = {4}, journal = {Rhizosphere}, issn = {2452-2198}, doi = {10.1016/j.rhisph.2017.06.003}, pages = {36 -- 47}, abstract = {Plant growth can be highly dependent on symbiotic partners, such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) that improve the plant's nutrient uptake. However, less is known about whether AMF can beneficially influence spatial root distribution, especially in soils with patchy nutrient concentrations. This study was conducted to evaluate root distribution and plant response of Lotus corniculatus and Calamagrostis epigeios in a heterogeneous nutrient poor soil under different mycorrhizal conditions. Heterogeneous soil conditions of a reclamation site in the Lusation mining district, consisting of a nutrient poor sandy soil with embedded large silt-clay fragments, were used for this rhizotron experiment. Treatments were non-mycorrhizal and mycorrhizal L. corniculatus and C. epigeios in sterile soil and in sterile soil with a fungal free soil solution and mycorrhizal plants in a non-sterile soil. Mycorrhizal fungi were exogenous (Funneliformis mosseae and Rhizophagus irregularis) in sterile soil and indigenous mycorrhizal fungi in non-sterile soil. Plants were grown in rhizotrons, with clay-silt fragments in a sandy soil matrix. Treatment response variables were root density, root and shoot biomass, shoot tissue nutrient concentrations, and percentage of roots in clay-silt fragments relative to total root biomass, mycorrhizal colonization and intraradical fungal alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. Exogenous mycorrhizal L. corniculatus plants had higher root mass density in clay-silt fragments than indigenous mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants while C. epigeios had only higher root mass density in clay-silt fragments relative to sandy soil only in exogenous mycorrhizal plants in sterile soil with soil solution. Nonmycorrhizal C. epigeios shoot biomass in sterile soil did not significantly differ from that of exogenous mycorrhizal treatments. The greatest shoot biomass for both plant species, was with the highest percentage of roots in clay-silt fragments relative to the total root system. Exogenous mycorrhizal plants of both species had highest shoot phosphorus concentrations in sterile soil with soil solution. However, intraradical fungal ALP activity was highest in indigenous mycorrhizal plants. The results indicate that mycorrhizal conditions can have a strong influence on spatial root development. The consequences are that conditions, which promote root growth, lead to more roots in nutrient rich clay-silt fragments and thus enhance plant exploitation of heterogeneously distributed soil nutrients.}, language = {en} } @misc{FerreiroDominguezNairFreese, author = {Ferreiro-Dom{\´i}nguez, Nuria and Nair, Vimala D. and Freese, Dirk}, title = {Phosphorus dynamics in poplar silvopastural systems fertilised with sewage sludge}, series = {Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment}, volume = {223}, journal = {Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment}, issn = {0167-8809}, doi = {10.1016/j.agee.2016.02.022}, pages = {87 -- 98}, abstract = {The use of sewage sludge as fertiliser is a common practice in Europe, where sewage sludge is usually applied on a plant-available N or total metal concentration basis; as a result, phosphorus (P) concentrations can be well above crop needs. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of three doses of sewage sludge (0, 200, and 400 kg total N ha⁻¹ year⁻¹) combined with lime (2.5 Mg CaCO3 ha⁻¹) or without lime on the P in soil and pasture, tree growth and pasture production in a silvopastoral system established with Populus canadensis Moench over seven consecutive years. The P availability varied with the soil pH (a result of lime and sewage sludge applications) throughout the study. In general, an increase of the soil acidity (pH 5.39) increased the amounts of Fe and Al in the soil solution, which form very strong bonds with P, thereby reducing the P availability (M3-P: 20.99 g kg⁻¹). The effect of lime on the P availability gradually declined in the years following its application. However, in the latter part of the study (2007-2008), due to the higher residual effect of the sewage sludge compared with lime, the doses of sewage sludge (200 and 400 kg N total ha⁻¹) increased the concentrations of P (200N: 37.31 g kg⁻¹ and 400N: 48.71 g kg⁻¹) and Fe (200N: 321.51 mg kg⁻¹ and 400N: 341.56 mg kg ⁻¹) in a Mehlich 3 solution, the concentration of P in the pasture (200N: 2.53 g kg⁻¹ and 400N: 2.81 g kg⁻¹) and the amount of P extracted by the pasture (200N: 8.78 kg ha⁻¹ and 400N: 10.34 kg ha⁻¹), resulting in possible reduction in environmental problems. Further, due to its agronomic benefits as a source of plant nutrients and organic matter, fertilisation with high quality sewage sludge could be recommended for silvopastoral systems under edaphoclimatic conditions similar to those in this study.}, language = {en} } @misc{GypserVesteFischeretal., author = {Gypser, Stella and Veste, Maik and Fischer, Thomas and Lange, Philipp}, title = {Infiltration and water retention of biological soil crusts on reclaimed soils of former open-cast lignite mining sites in Brandenburg, north-east Germany}, series = {Journal of hydrology and hydromechanics}, volume = {64}, journal = {Journal of hydrology and hydromechanics}, number = {1}, doi = {10.1515/johh-2016-0009}, pages = {1 -- 11}, abstract = {Investigations were done on two former open-cast lignite mining sites under reclamation, an artificial sand dune in Welzow S{\"u}d, and a forest plantation in Schlabendorf S{\"u}d (Brandenburg, Germany). The aim was to associate the topsoil hydrological characteristics of green algae dominated as well as moss and soil lichen dominated biological soil crusts during crustal succession with their water retention and the repellency index on sandy soils under temperate cli-mate and different reliefs. The investigation of the repellency index showed on the one hand an increase due to the cross-linking of sand parti-cles by green algae which resulted in clogging of pores. On the other hand, the occurrence of moss plants led to a de-crease of the repellency index due to absorption caused by bryophytes. The determination of the water retention curves showed an increase of the water holding capacity, especially in conjunction with the growth of green algae layer. The pore-related van Genuchten parameter indicate a clay-like behaviour of the developed soil crusts. Because of the inho-mogeneous distribution of lichens and mosses as well as the varying thickness of green algae layers, the water retention differed between the study sites and between samples of similar developmental stages. However, similar tendencies of water retention and water repellency related to the soil crust formation were observed. Biological soil crusts should be considered after disturbances in the context of reclamation measures, because the ini-tial development of green algae biocrusts lead to an increasing repellency index, while the occurrence of mosses and a gain in organic matter enhance the water holding capacity. Thus, the succession of biocrusts and their small-scale succes-sion promote the development of soil and ecosystem.}, language = {en} }