@misc{GalatsidasGounarisVlachakietal., author = {Galatsidas, Spyridon and Gounaris, Nikos and Vlachaki, Despoina and Dimitriadis, Elias and Kiourtsis, Fotios and Keramitzis, Dimitrios and Gerwin, Werner and Repmann, Frank and Rettenmaier, Nils and Reinhardt, Guido and Ivanina, Vadym and Hanzhenko, Olexander and Gnap, Iryna and Bogatov, Konstantin and Barbera, Federica and Mattioli, Diego and Volkmann, Christiane and Baumgarten, Wibke}, title = {Revealing Bioenergy Potentials: Mapping Marginal Lands in Europe - The SEEMLA Approach}, series = {Papers of the 26th European Biomass Conference Setting the Course for a biobased Economy, Conference held in Copenhagen, Denmark, 14-17 May 2018}, journal = {Papers of the 26th European Biomass Conference Setting the Course for a biobased Economy, Conference held in Copenhagen, Denmark, 14-17 May 2018}, editor = {Persson, M. and Scarlat, N. and Grassi, A. and Helm, P.}, publisher = {ETA-Florence}, address = {Florenz}, isbn = {978-88-89407-18-9}, doi = {10.5071/26thEUBCE2018-1AO.4.1}, pages = {31 -- 37}, abstract = {Marginal land (MagL) use for biomass production has received a lot of attention in the past decades. This alternative land use is free from conflicts with food crops, however it presents multiple challenges. The major issue to be resolved is the definition of marginal lands, which varies between disciplines and is often determined based on management goals. Moreover, concerns over the impacts of MagL use on environment, ecosystem services and sustainability have to be addressed. In response to these issues, the SEEMLA approach proposes an algorithm and tools to support MagLs identification and mapping, as well as the assessment of their potential for biomass production. The SEEMLA algorithm assesses land marginality using the Muencheberg Soil Quality Rating (M-SQR) developed by Mueller et al. (2007). The algorithm also incorporates criteria to eliminate MagLs that may not be exploitable for bioenergy due to ecological and environmental issues or regulatory and legal restrictions and constraints posed by national or EU policies applied. Finally, MagL suitable for bioenergy production is categorized based on climatic zone and crop suitability. Alternative exploitation scenarios are developed for each class of MagL. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) will determine the sustainability of each scenario, considering also the results of the pilot sites that have been established in Germany, Greece and Ukraine.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchaafPohleMaureretal., author = {Schaaf, Wolfgang and Pohle, Ina and Maurer, Thomas and Gerwin, Werner and Hinz, Christoph and Badorreck, Annika}, title = {Water balance dynamics of the constructed Chicken Creek catchment as influenced by 12 years of ecological development}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2018, Vienna, Austria}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2018, Vienna, Austria}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, abstract = {Experimental catchments with well-known boundaries and characteristics may contribute valuable data to hydrological, critical zone and landscape evolution research. One of the most well-established and largest constructed catchments is the Chicken Creek catchment (6 ha area including a 0.4 ha pond, Brandenburg, Germany) representing an initial ecosystem undergoing a highly dynamic ecological development starting from clearly defined starting conditions. The water balance dynamics of the catchment was calculated using a simple mass balance approach to reveal the impact of ecological development during 12 years. Water storage in the catchment was calculated from a 3D-model of groundwater volumes, soil moisture measurements and water level recordings of the pond. The catchment water balance equation was resolved for evapotranspiration, the only part that was not measured directly. Due to the known boundary conditions and the inner structure of the catchment, we were able to quantify the different storage compartments and their role in hydrologic response. Our results indicate that for small catchments with a highly dynamic ecological development like the Chicken Creek, the knowledge about saturated and unsaturated storage volumes enables a good estimate and closure of the water balance using a rather simple approach, at least in annual resolution. We found a significant relationship between vegetation cover in the catchment and calculated ET. Time series of meteorological, hydrological, soil and vegetation data over 12 years enabled us to characterize the transient development of the catchment and to evaluate the effect of different feedback mechanisms on catchment hydrology. The dataset from the Chicken Creek catchment indicate at least three phases in ecosystem development, where initial abiotic feedbacks (e.g. erosion) were followed by more and more biotic controls (e.g. biological soil crusts, vegetation succession and growth). Data from Chicken Creek in high spatial and temporal resolution provide a valuable database underlining the high importance of abiotic/biotic feedback effects that change the hydrologic functioning and response of the catchment more than the water balance itself revealed and thus have to be included in catchment models.}, language = {en} } @incollection{SchaafHinzGerwinetal., author = {Schaaf, Wolfgang and Hinz, Christoph and Gerwin, Werner and Zaplata, Markus Klemens and H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F.}, title = {Ecosystem Development in the Constructed Catchment "Chicken Creek"}, series = {Hydrology of Artificial and Controlled Experiments}, booktitle = {Hydrology of Artificial and Controlled Experiments}, editor = {Liu, Jiu-Fu and Gu, Wei-Zu}, publisher = {Intech Open}, address = {London}, isbn = {978-1-78923-559-3}, pages = {75 -- 93}, abstract = {Landscapes and ecosystems are complex systems with many feedback mechanisms acting between the various abiotic and biotic components. The knowledge about these interacting processes is mainly derived from mature ecosystems. The initial development of ecosystem complexity may involve state transitions following catastrophic shifts, disturbances, or transgression of thresholds. We propose a conceptual framework of feedback processes in early states of ecosystem development affected by spatiotemporal environmental drivers. To test this concept, we used 10-year time series of hydrological, biological, geomorphological, and soil data from the constructed catchment Chicken Creek." The 6ha site was left to unrestricted development since 2005 and was intensively monitored. The data showed a very rapid development of the site with an increasing complexity and heterogeneity. In the first years, stochastic signals like the initial substrate conditions and external drivers like extreme weather events were the most important factors resulting in abiotic/abiotic feedback mechanisms shaping the morphology of the site and creating site diversity. Initial abiotic feedback mechanisms between water and substrate were soon followed by abiotic/biotic feedbacks between biological soil crusts, invading vegetation, geomorphology, and hydrology resulting in state transitions of catchment functioning.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{TsonkovaBoehmHuebner, author = {Tsonkova, Penka and B{\"o}hm, Christian and H{\"u}bner, Rico}, title = {The biomass potential of existing linear woody-features in the agricultural landscape}, series = {Proceedings of the 4th European Agroforestry Conference Agroforestry as Sustainable Land Use 28-30 May 2018, Nijmegen, The Netherlands}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 4th European Agroforestry Conference Agroforestry as Sustainable Land Use 28-30 May 2018, Nijmegen, The Netherlands}, editor = {Ferreiro-Dom{\´i}nguez, Nuria and Mosquera-Losada, Mar{\´i}a Rosa}, address = {Santiago de Compostela}, isbn = {978-84-09-02384-4}, pages = {527 -- 531}, abstract = {Linear woody-features, such as hedgerows, windbreaks, and riparian buffer strips, composed of trees and/or shrubs are anthropogenic features, established in the past for different purposes, such as provision of field boundaries, protection from wind and supply of fuelwood. Today, they are primarily valued for their ecological benefit, while their production function has received rather little attention. This study assessed the biomass potential of existing linear woodyfeatures in a study area in southern Brandenburg, Germany. The merchantable tree volume of the measured woody-features ranged between 240 m3 ha-1 and 710 m3 ha-1, depending on the relative proportion of trees and shrubs. The results suggest that the biomass potential of linear woody-features with predominant tree proportion per hectare can be higher than this of forests. A strategy for utilising the production function of these woody-features should take into account the provision of benefits such as wind protection, habitat provision and landscape aesthetics.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SesermanVesteFreeseetal., author = {Seserman, Diana-Maria and Veste, Maik and Freese, Dirk and Swieter, Anita and Langhof, Maren}, title = {Benefits of agroforestry systems for land equivalent ratio - case studies in Brandenburg and Lower Saxony, Germany}, series = {Proceedings of the 4th European Agroforestry Conference Agroforestry as Sustainable Land Use 28-30 May 2018, Nijmegen, The Netherlands}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 4th European Agroforestry Conference Agroforestry as Sustainable Land Use 28-30 May 2018, Nijmegen, The Netherlands}, publisher = {University of Santiago de Compostela}, address = {Santiago de Compostela}, isbn = {978-84-09-02384-4}, pages = {26 -- 29}, abstract = {Transitioning towards agroforestry demands systematic productivity assessments of such systems under different climatic and edaphic conditions. In this regard, the Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) serves as a valuable productivity indicator of agroforestry since it evaluates yields from growing trees and crops together in comparison to yields from monocultures over the same period. Consequently, our objective was to evaluate the overall productivity of two agroforestry systems in Forst (Brandenburg) and Wendhausen (Lower Saxony) by means of LER. Our approach followed two assumptions: (i) the yields of trees and crops had equal economic importance and (ii) the economic importance was given solely by the annual crop, the yield of trees representing a supplementary profit. The resulted values for LER were consistently above their specific threshold, corroborating the greater efficiency of agroforestry systems rather than monoculture. Additionally, this study highlighted the importance of choosing the appropriate assumptions when calculating the LER.}, language = {en} } @incollection{VestePflugmacherHartmannetal., author = {Veste, Maik and Pflugmacher, Candy and Hartmann, Holger and Schlepphorst, Rainer and Murach, Dieter}, title = {{\"O}kophysiologie der Agrargeh{\"o}lze - vom Blatt zum Bestand}, series = {Agrarholz - Schnellwachsende B{\"a}ume in der Landwirtschaft : Biologie - {\"O}kologie - Management}, booktitle = {Agrarholz - Schnellwachsende B{\"a}ume in der Landwirtschaft : Biologie - {\"O}kologie - Management}, editor = {Veste, Maik and B{\"o}hm, Christian}, publisher = {Springer Spektrum}, address = {Berlin [u.a.]}, isbn = {978-3-662-49930-6}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-662-49931-3_7}, pages = {169 -- 227}, language = {de} } @misc{Boehm, author = {B{\"o}hm, Christian}, title = {Agroforstwirtschaft: {\"A}ußerst vielversprechend! Alte Systeme, fit f{\"u}r die Zukunft}, series = {bioland}, volume = {12}, journal = {bioland}, issn = {0173-9832}, pages = {14 -- 16}, language = {de} } @incollection{BoehmVeste, author = {B{\"o}hm, Christian and Veste, Maik}, title = {Agrarholzanbau im Kontext einer modernen Landwirtschaft}, series = {Agrarholz - Schnellwachsende B{\"a}ume in der Landwirtschaft : Biologie - {\"O}kologie - Management}, booktitle = {Agrarholz - Schnellwachsende B{\"a}ume in der Landwirtschaft : Biologie - {\"O}kologie - Management}, editor = {Veste, Maik and B{\"o}hm, Christian}, publisher = {Springer Spektrum}, address = {Berlin [u.a.]}, isbn = {978-3-662-49930-6}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-662-49931-3_3}, pages = {57 -- 79}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{KochKruseEichlerLoebermannetal., author = {Koch, Maximilian and Kruse, Jens and Eichler-L{\"o}bermann, Bettina and Gypser, Stella and Flavel, R. and Guppy, Christopher and Zimmer, Dana and Leinweber, Peter and Siebers, Nina}, title = {Phosphorus bioavailability in soil profiles of a long-term fertilizer experiment: The evaluation of their bioaccessibility}, series = {Abstracts der DBG Jahrestagung 2017, 02.-07. Sept. 2017, G{\"o}ttingen}, booktitle = {Abstracts der DBG Jahrestagung 2017, 02.-07. Sept. 2017, G{\"o}ttingen}, pages = {1}, abstract = {Global agricultural productivity depends on the use of finite phosphorus (P) resources of which not only the topsoil, but also subsoil, can hold immense reserves. To assess potential soil contribution to plant nutrition, we compared the P status of Stagnic Cambisol profiles in experimental plots that received different P fertilizer applications (control, triple superphosphate (TSP), compost, compost+TSP) for 16 years. Sequential fractionation was combined with P K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy to identify the chemical P speciation. Fertilized topsoils (21 to 69 kg P ha-1 a-1) showed P reserves larger by a factor of 1.2 to 1.4, and subsoil P reserves larger by a factor of 1.3 to 1.5 than those of the control. P-XANES revealed the predominance of inorganic P species such as moderately labile Fe- (46 to 92\%), Al- (0 to 40\%), and Ca- (0 to 15\%) P compounds besides organic P (0 to 13\%) in all treatments. The fertilizer application slightly altered P speciation throughout the profiles, but the type of fertilizer had no significant effect on it. Optimal plant growth requirements are restricted by the exchangeable P from the solid phase within the soil solution. Therefore, ongoing research focuses on the accessibility of P from P loaded amorphous Fe- and Al-hydroxides, previously identified as the predominant abiotic P forms. To assess their P desorption potential, P-33 rhizotron experiments combined with P-33 isotopic exchange kinetics (IEK) are underway. Preliminary results indicated that besides differences in P binding capacity of soil hydroxides, physical soil parameters, such as the matric potential, strongly control soil P availability, thus plant P acquisition rates can vary among different soil types. Our results gained new detailed information about P bioavailability under agricultural practice. The investigations towards P bioaccessibility may contribute to improved interpretation of soil P tests and reduced fertilizer recommendations.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{DimitrovaRepmannFreese, author = {Dimitrova, Tsvetelina and Repmann, Frank and Freese, Dirk}, title = {Remediation of cyanide-contaminated industrial sites through woody biomass production}, series = {European Geosciences Union General Assembly 2017 Vienna, Austria, 23-28 April 2017}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union General Assembly 2017 Vienna, Austria, 23-28 April 2017}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, abstract = {Due to the unfavourable chemical and physical soil quality parameters and the potential presence of contaminants, former industrial sites can hardly be utilized as arable land and can thus be classified as marginal areas. Still, as far as possible, they can effectively be used for the production of alternative energy, including the cultivation of fast growing trees. Apart from being a source of bioenergy, trees might facilitate the stabilization, remedation, contaminant extraction and degradation and, not on the last place, to enhance soil quality improvement on former industrial areas. This process is known as phytoremediation and has successfully been applied on industrial sites of various organic and inorganic contamination. The former manufactured gas plant site (� 2500 m2) "ehemalige Leuchtgasanstalt" Cottbus, contaminated, among others, with iron cyanides undergoes phytoremediation with simultaneous biomass production since 2011. The project "Biomass-Remediation" is fully financed by the German Railways JSC. A dense (23700 stems/ha), mixed cover of willow (Salix caprea), poplar (Populus maximowicii Henry x Populus trichocarpa Torr. et Gray (Hybrid 275)) and black locust (Robinia pseudoaccacia) trees has been planted on the site. Throughout the five years of remediation, a successful long-term stabilization of the site has been achieved as a result of the nearly outright established tree stock and the dense planting. Annual monitoring of the cyanide levels in the leaf tissue of the trees on the site and results from greenhouse experiments indicate the ability of all tree species to extract and transport the cyanide from the soil. Additonally, the greenhouse experiments suggest that the willows might be able, although not to a full extent, to detoxify the contaminant by splitting the CN moiety. The contaminated biomass material might easily be dealt with through regular harvests and subsequent incineration. Phytoremediation with simultaneous biomass production for bioenergy offers an environmenatlly-friendly and a cost-effective solution of the problem with contaminated former industrial areas in the context of marginal land use options.}, language = {en} }