@incollection{Newiak, author = {Newiak, Denis}, title = {Die Vorboten der Nachmoderne. Filmische Szenarien eines fl{\"a}chendeckenden Stromausfalls.}, series = {Zukunftswissen? Potenziale prospektiver Erkenntnis am Beispiel der Energiewirtschaft}, booktitle = {Zukunftswissen? Potenziale prospektiver Erkenntnis am Beispiel der Energiewirtschaft}, editor = {Mackasare, Manuel}, publisher = {J.B. Metzler}, address = {Berlin ; Heidelberg}, isbn = {978-3-662-66755-2}, issn = {2524-8197}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-662-66756-9_16}, pages = {355 -- 370}, abstract = {Fachleute warnen seit Jahren vor den potenziell verheerenden Folgen eines Blackouts, zugleich aber sind Bev{\"o}lkerung, Unternehmen und Regierungen auf dieses Szenario kaum vorbereitet. Film und Fernsehen haben - gerade w{\"a}hrend der Corona-Pandemie - ihre F{\"a}higkeit zur gedanklichen Vorwegnahme wichtiger gesellschaftlicher Herausforderungen bewiesen: Spielfilme und Serien thematisieren Gefahren und Risiken h{\"a}ufig lange vor ihrem tats{\"a}chlichen Eintreten. Blackouts geh{\"o}ren seit langer Zeit genre{\"u}bergreifend zum erz{\"a}hlerischen und inszenatorischen Standardrepertoire. Welche Inszenierungsformen w{\"a}hlen die filmischen Kunstformen zur Darstellung von Blackout-Szenarien? Was kann die moderne Gesellschaft von Film und Fernsehen lernen, um sich auf den bevorstehenden Blackout vorzubereiten? Und lassen sich damit die schwersten Folgen eines realen Blackouts noch verhindern? Vor dem Hintergrund wissenssoziologischer Diskurse sollen anhand ausgew{\"a}hlter Beispiele die Ergebnisse einer aktuellen Studie zum Zukunftswissen in Blackout-Filmen und -Serien pr{\"a}sentiert werden.}, language = {de} } @misc{OPUS4-31305, title = {AI - Limits and Prospects of Artificial Intelligence}, editor = {Klimczak, Peter and Petersen, Christer}, publisher = {transcript}, address = {Bielefeld}, isbn = {978-3-8376-5732-6}, pages = {287}, abstract = {The emergence of artificial intelligence has triggered enthusiasm and promise of boundless opportunities as much as uncertainty about its limits. The contributions to this volume explore the limits of AI, describe the necessary conditions for its functionality, reveal its attendant technical and social problems, and present some existing and potential solutions. At the same time, the contributors highlight the societal and attending economic hopes and fears, utopias and dystopias that are associated with the current and future development of artificial intelligence.}, language = {en} } @incollection{Petersen, author = {Petersen, Christer}, title = {Man-Machines: Gynoids, Fembots, and Body-AI in Contemporary Cinematic Narratives}, series = {AI - Limits and Prospects of Artificial Intelligence}, booktitle = {AI - Limits and Prospects of Artificial Intelligence}, editor = {Klimczak, Peter and Petersen, Christer}, publisher = {transcript}, address = {Bielefeld}, isbn = {978-3-8376-5732-6}, doi = {10.14361/9783839457320-009}, pages = {195 -- 222}, language = {en} } @incollection{Klimczak, author = {Klimczak, Peter}, title = {Limits and Prospects of Ethics in the Context of Law and Society by the Example of Accident Algorithms of Autonomous Driving}, series = {AI - Limits and Prospects of Artificial Intelligence}, booktitle = {AI - Limits and Prospects of Artificial Intelligence}, editor = {Klimczak, Peter and Petersen, Christer}, publisher = {transcript}, address = {Bielefeld}, isbn = {978-3-8376-5732-6}, doi = {10.14361/9783839457320-005}, pages = {83 -- 114}, language = {en} } @misc{OPUS4-31310, title = {Truth and Fake in the Post-Factual Digital Age}, editor = {Klimczak, Peter and Zoglauer, Thomas}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Wiesbaden}, isbn = {978-3-658-40405-5}, pages = {166}, abstract = {The increase in fake news, the growing influence on elections, increasing false reports and targeted disinformation campaigns are not least a consequence of advancing digitalisation. Information technology is needed to put a stop to these undesirable developments. With intelligent algorithms and refined data analysis, fakes must be detected more quickly in the future and their spread prevented. However, in order to meaningfully recognize and filter fakes by means of artificial intelligence, it must be possible to distinguish fakes from facts, facts from fictions, and fictions from fakes. This book therefore also asks questions about the distinctions of fake, factual and fictional. The underlying theories of truth are discussed, and practical-technical ways of differentiating truth from falsity are outlined. By considering the fictional as well as the assumption that information-technical further development can profit from humanities knowledge, the authors hope that content-related, technical and methodological challenges of the present and future can be overcome.}, language = {en} } @incollection{Klimczak, author = {Klimczak, Peter}, title = {Fiction, Fake and Fact: A Set-Theoretic Modeling Together with a Discussion of Represented Worlds}, series = {Truth and Fake in the Post-Factual Digital Age}, booktitle = {Truth and Fake in the Post-Factual Digital Age}, editor = {Klimczak, Peter and Zoglauer, Thomas}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Wiesbaden}, isbn = {978-3-658-40405-5}, pages = {45 -- 71}, abstract = {Following Aristotle, factuality, fictionality and fake are differentiated exclusively on the level of content. The concrete starting point for this is Michael Titzmann's proposal to understand represented worlds as a set of ordered propositions. Accordingly, the necessary set-theoretical foundations are presented step by step and, on the basis of three exemplary represented worlds, a one-to-one differentiation as well as an exact definition of factuality, fictionality and fake is undertaken. Based on this, the limits of a one-to-one model can be discussed and its possible modification can be shown. Independently of this, for the classification of a represented world as factual, fictional or fake, the conception of which propositions are true in the real world is crucial, which is why, after a consideration of philosophical theories of truth, the real world is modelled as a set of sufficiently proven represented worlds. Subsequently, it is shown that it is necessary to model indeterminacy with respect to propositions, which is solved by means of the introduction of trivalence of truth values. The paper concludes with a discussion of the case-specificity and subjectivity of reality and their implications for the model presented here, showing that due to the relational approach the model remains productive even in the case of the assumption of subjective or "alternative" realities.}, language = {en} } @incollection{Petersen, author = {Petersen, Christer}, title = {Stranger than Fiction: On Alternative Facts and Fictional Epistemologies}, series = {Truth and Fake in the Post-Factual Digital Age}, booktitle = {Truth and Fake in the Post-Factual Digital Age}, editor = {Klimczak, Peter and Zoglauer, Thomas}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Wiesbaden}, isbn = {978-3-658-40405-5}, pages = {73 -- 88}, abstract = {Starting from the term 'alternative facts' and its epistemological implications, three fields of discourse are brought together: that of the public rhetoric of a new political 'Generation Fake', that of postmodern or post-structuralist media theory, and that of fictional epistemologies as found in examples of postmodern literature and contemporary film. The aim of this is to examine the epistemological content of the new political rhetoric of the postfactual, on the one hand with regard to the theory of reality on which it is based, and on the other hand with regard to the theory of truth that it challenges.}, language = {en} } @incollection{Newiak, author = {Newiak, Denis}, title = {How Television Produces Invisible Communities in an Age of Loneliness. A Detailed Look at 13 Reasons Why}, series = {Better Living With TV. Contemporary TV and Moral Identity Formation}, booktitle = {Better Living With TV. Contemporary TV and Moral Identity Formation}, editor = {Benko, Steven}, publisher = {Lexington Books}, address = {Lanham/Boulder/New York/London}, isbn = {978-1-7936-3618-8}, pages = {227 -- 254}, language = {de} } @incollection{Newiak, author = {Newiak, Denis}, title = {Fighting Conspiracy Ideologies: Learning from Pandemic Movies to Counter the Post-Factual}, series = {The Post-Truth Era. Literature and Media}, booktitle = {The Post-Truth Era. Literature and Media}, editor = {Abraham, Praveen and Mathew, Raisun}, publisher = {Authors Press}, address = {New Delhi}, isbn = {978-9391314095}, pages = {21 -- 31}, language = {en} } @incollection{Nowack, author = {Nowack, Kati}, title = {When you can't have what you want: Measuring Users' Ethical Concerns about Interacting with AI Assistants Using MEESTAR}, series = {AI - limits and prospects of artificial intelligence}, booktitle = {AI - limits and prospects of artificial intelligence}, editor = {Klimczak, Peter and Petersen, Christer}, publisher = {Transcript}, address = {Bielefeld}, isbn = {978-3-8376-5732-6}, pages = {163 -- 193}, abstract = {As new AI technologies emerge, we need to assure these are in alignment with ethical values, standards and goals of individual users as well as society. Ethical implications associated with AI systems have been discussed extensively in the literature, where much theorizing about users has taken place but not enough empirical research with users has been conducted. In this explorative questionnaire study, I aimed at investigating the extent to which the MEESTAR model (e.g. Manzeschke et al. 2016) originally developed within the context of inclusive assistance systems for the elderly can be applied more generally to users' needs. To this end, sixty-four participants were presented with different AI scenarios in which the ethical values of autonomy, safety, privacy, care, justice, participation and self-conception were either violated or not. Ratings of concern in response to violations as well as ratings of the importance assigned to these aspects show that, firstly, participation and care generally need to be considered in the development of new AI systems whilst privacy was largely disregarded by participants. Secondly, the results indicate some mismatches between ratings of concern and importance: participants assigned importance to safety, justice, autonomy and self-conception but appeared less concerned with violations of these values. This supports the notion of a growing need to strengthen digital literacy by including more information about users' rights and about the consequences of violations in AI interaction. Finally, findings of any impact of gender, technical experience and time perspective on concern and importance ratings are discussed.}, language = {en} } @incollection{Newiak, author = {Newiak, Denis}, title = {Youth on its Own: Growing Up in a Lonely Post-Apocalyptic World.}, series = {Screening Children in Post-Apocalypse Film and Television}, booktitle = {Screening Children in Post-Apocalypse Film and Television}, editor = {Olson, Debbie}, publisher = {Lexington Books}, address = {Maryland}, isbn = {978-1-66691-867-0}, pages = {61 -- 80}, language = {en} } @incollection{Breidenbach, author = {Breidenbach, Samuel}, title = {All for the LOLs? Memetische Propaganda der ukrainischen Regierung im russischen Angriffskrieg}, series = {Bilder des Krieges. Darstellung und Kommunikation des Krieges im Digitalen Zeitalter}, booktitle = {Bilder des Krieges. Darstellung und Kommunikation des Krieges im Digitalen Zeitalter}, editor = {Grabbe, Lars C. and Held, Tobias}, publisher = {B{\"u}chner-Verlag}, address = {Marburg}, isbn = {978-3-96317-330-1}, pages = {150 -- 171}, language = {de} } @misc{Nowack, author = {Nowack, Kati}, title = {From inglorious basterds, aliens, and hobbits: The structure of fictional film genre preferences and its relationship with time perspective and individual time span orientation}, series = {Psychology of Popular Media}, journal = {Psychology of Popular Media}, issn = {2689-6575}, doi = {10.1037/ppm0000520}, abstract = {What distinguishes our aesthetic experience of Middle Earth from Tarantino's hybrid genre settings? To what extent does individual temporal orientation influence whether we prefer fast action or epic fantasy movies? Because film genres share stylistic and narrative elements, this study aimed to provide a categorization based on the features that genres share in unique ways. Furthermore, meaningful dimensions underlying these categories were investigated. Then, interrelations with individual temporal orientation were assessed. Participants completed a test of fictional film preferences, the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory, and the Individual Time Span Scales. Multidimensional scaling revealed three latent dimensions: social, conflict, and narrative setting. Principal component analysis revealed seven components of fictional film preferences: fantastic, communal, action, doomed, thrilling, unconventional, and historical. The current findings suggest that mood management processes are less influential in the development of more stable genre preferences than social phenomena. Regarding individual temporal orientation, findings were in line with life history theory for individual time span orientation. Time perspective was less related to film genre preferences. Here, gender appeared to be the main influence.}, language = {en} } @book{Newiak, author = {Newiak, Denis}, title = {The Lonelinesses of Modernity}, publisher = {Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden}, address = {Wiesbaden}, isbn = {9783658401436}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-658-40144-3}, abstract = {Modernity presents itself as an age of increasing social disintegration: secularization and rationalization, urbanization and globalization, individualization and digitalization make it difficult for communities today. Modernity comes with desirable promises that make it attractive, but it does not come free: Its price is escalating modern loneliness. Denis Newiak tells a cultural history of modernization that, from industrialization to the late-modern network society, produces ever new and harsher experiences of loneliness.}, language = {en} } @book{Newiak, author = {Newiak, Denis}, title = {K{\"o}nnen Kino und Fernsehen uns zu besseren Ersthelfern machen?}, publisher = {Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden}, address = {Wiesbaden}, isbn = {9783658471767}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-658-47177-4}, pages = {XIV, 99}, abstract = {Durch eine qualifiziertere und h{\"a}ufigere Reanimation (Herz-Lungen-Wiederbelebung) k{\"o}nnten allein in Deutschland jedes Jahr 10.000 Leben gerettet werden. W{\"a}hrend das erlernte Wissen aus dem Erste-Hilfe-Kurs zur Fahrschule relativ schnell vergessen ist, rufen Szenen mit Wiederbelebungen aus Serien und Filmen die Notsituation regelm{\"a}ßig ins Ged{\"a}chtnis. Nicht immer wird in der Fiktion allerdings so reanimiert, wie es in der Realit{\"a}t am besten w{\"a}re. K{\"o}nnen die Reanimationen aus der Popkultur trotzdem dabei helfen, uns zu besseren Ersthelfern zu machen? Welchen Beitrag leisten filmische Ausdrucksformen zur Verbreitung von Wissen zu Selbsthilfemaßnahmen f{\"u}r Notsituationen? Und ließe sich diese Erkenntnis auf andere Lebensrisiken und entsprechende Vorsorgemaßnahmen {\"u}bertragen?}, language = {de} } @misc{IgnatyevKlimczakEndresetal., author = {Ignatyev, Yuriy and Klimczak, Peter and Endres, Ralph and Heinze, Martin}, title = {Formal subtext analysis (FSA) in narrative interviewing}, series = {Quality \& quantity : international journal of methodology}, volume = {58}, journal = {Quality \& quantity : international journal of methodology}, number = {6}, publisher = {Springer Netherlands}, address = {Dordrecht}, issn = {0033-5177}, doi = {10.1007/s11135-024-01917-7}, pages = {5977 -- 5996}, abstract = {In the framework of the plot theory of the Russian-Estonian semiotician Juri Lotman, a text is only considered narrative and eventful if it contains "…a fact which takes place, though it need not have taken place". In this respect, Lotman models the event on the basis of description and prescription. This approach can be seen as a functional method for reconstructing the subtext. In previous studies, Lotman's event was considered a contradiction using predicate logical statements that do not allow error-free formal conclusions. However, the correct conclusions could be deduced based on deontic remodeling and its extension to the modal model of the possible worlds. In this way, the subtext of narrative texts could be formally deductible and the interpretation calculable. The aim of our study was to demonstrate this reformulation of Lotman's event model and to discuss its application as an extension of Qualitative Comparative Analysis of narrative texts from qualitative interviews, one of the basic methods of data collection employed in qualitative research. The proposed model, named formal subtext analysis is illustrated by analyzing a narrative interview with a doctor from a German mental health clinic.}, language = {en} } @misc{KlimczakKuscheTschoepeetal., author = {Klimczak, Peter and Kusche, Isabel and Tsch{\"o}pe, Constanze and Wolff, Matthias}, title = {Menschliche und maschinelle Entscheidungsrationalit{\"a}t - Zur Kontrolle und Akzeptanz K{\"u}nstlicher Intelligenz}, series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Medienwissenschaft 21 - K{\"u}nstliche Intelligenz}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Medienwissenschaft 21 - K{\"u}nstliche Intelligenz}, number = {2}, isbn = {978-3-8376-4468-5}, issn = {1869-1722}, doi = {/10.25969/mediarep/12631}, pages = {39 -- 45}, language = {de} } @incollection{Newiak, author = {Newiak, Denis}, title = {Mit Fernsehserien gegen Verschw{\"o}rungsgl{\"a}ubigkeit : Potentiale didaktischer Intervention am Beispiel der Serie Sl{\o}born}, series = {Verschw{\"o}rungstheorien als Herausforderung in der P{\"a}dagogik und Politischen Bildung : theoretische Ans{\"a}tze und fachdidaktische Praxisperspektiven}, booktitle = {Verschw{\"o}rungstheorien als Herausforderung in der P{\"a}dagogik und Politischen Bildung : theoretische Ans{\"a}tze und fachdidaktische Praxisperspektiven}, editor = {Firsova-Eckert, Elizaveta and Schuster, Johannes and Vajen, Bastian}, publisher = {Springer VS}, address = {Wiesbaden}, isbn = {978-3-658-50019-1}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-658-50019-1}, pages = {145 -- 162}, abstract = {Der Beitrag untersucht das Potenzial von Fernsehserien, insbesondere der ZDF-neo-Serie Sl{\o}born, f{\"u}r einen p{\"a}dagogischen Umgang mit Verschw{\"o}rungstheorien. Dabei wird die gesellschaftliche Relevanz filmischer Medien betont und gezeigt, wie Serien wie Sl{\o}born, die Verschw{\"o}rungstheorien im Kontext eines Krankheitsausbruchs thematisieren, didaktische Funktionen erf{\"u}llen. Besonders wird aufgezeigt, wie solche Serien gerade bei jungen Menschen zur Auseinandersetzung mit Verschw{\"o}rungstheorien beitragen k{\"o}nnen.}, language = {de} }