@inproceedings{MaurerSchneiderGerke, author = {Maurer, Thomas and Schneider, Anna and Gerke, Horst H.}, title = {Modelling the initial structure dynamics of soil and sediment exemplified for a constructed hydrological catchment}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April - 02 May 2014}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April - 02 May 2014}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, abstract = {Knowledge about spatial heterogeneity is of essential for the analysis of the hydrological catchment behavior. Heterogeneity is directly related to the distribution of the solid phase, and in initial hydrological systems, the solid phase is mainly composed of mineral particles. In artificial catchments, such sediment structures relate to the applied construction technology. It is supposed that the development of catchment ecosystems is strongly influenced by such specific initial spatial distributions of the solid phase. Moreover, during the initial development period, the primary structures in a catchment are altered rapidly by translocation processes, thereby subdividing the initial system in different compartments. Questions are: How does initial sediment distribution affect further structural development? How is catchment hydrology influenced by the initial structural development? What structures have a relevant impact on catchment-scale hydrological behavior?}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HirschRaab, author = {Hirsch, Florian and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Extending and simplifying the standard K{\"o}hn-pipette technique for grain size analysis}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April - 02 May 2014}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April - 02 May 2014}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, abstract = {Grain size distribution is a fundamental parameter to characterize physical properties of soils and sediments. Manifold approaches exist and according to the DIN ISO 11277 soil texture is analyzed by default with the combined pipette sieving and sedimentation method developed by K{\"o}hn.With this standard technique subfractions of sand and silt as well as the total clay content can be determined but the differentiation of clay subfractions is impossible. As the differentiation of the clay subfractions yields relevant information about pedogenesis, we present a protocol basing on standard techniques of granulometry with easy to handle and low cost equipment. The protocol was tested on a set of soil samples to cover the range of grain size distributions.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HirschRaab, author = {Hirsch, Florian and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Contradictory indications from terrestrial archives for the asynchronous LGM glaciation in the Central Spanish Pyrenees}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April - 02 May 2014}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April - 02 May 2014}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, abstract = {Studies from several Mediterranean sites suggest a nonuniform glaciation during the last glacial cycle. For the Pyrenees an asynchronous maximum ice extent compared to the global last glacial maximum (LGM) is controversially discussed. Our study sites are located in the Central Spanish Pyrenees, namely the Aragon and Gallego Valley. Both valleys are type locations for the Pleistocene glaciations and the early maximum ice extent for the Pyrenees was dated amongst other sites in the Gallego Valley to about 36 ka. Due to the potential time span since the earlier deglaciation compared to LGM sites from Central Europe we used a pedological and sedimentological approach to reconstruct the Late Quaternary landscape development. Our results indicate a considerable reshaping of the LGM landscape prior to the onset of the Holocene. The LGM tills are covered by a deposit with high content of fine sand and coarse silt. On the slopes the clasts in these fine-grained sediments are aligned parallel to the slope direction, whereas in the underlaying tills the clasts are aligned rectangular to the slope direction and therefore representing the direction of the Pleistocene glacier movement.We attribute the alignment of the clasts in the sediment covering the tills to solifluction induced by periglacial conditions. The high contents of coarse silt and fine sand are also characteristic for the eolian component in periglacial slope deposits. OSL datings suggest an age of about 14 ka for these sediments. Soil micromorphology shows that the periglacial deposits were not subject to intensive pedogenic processes prior to the sedimentation but that profiles are strongly affected by lessivation after deposition. Soil erosion is only evident during the Holocene and we associate these phases of soil erosion with the human impact. We found no indications for geomorphologic and pedogenic processes between the reported deposition of the LGM till around 36 ka and theperiglacial conditions dated in our study to about 14 ka.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchneiderGerkeMaureretal., author = {Schneider, Anna and Gerke, Horst H. and Maurer, Thomas and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Initial phases of landform evolution in a small catchment}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April - 02 May 2014}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April - 02 May 2014}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, abstract = {During initial phases of landform evolution, the surface of sediment bodies is commonly not yet equilibrated with the environmental conditions and is thus liable to rapid changes by accelerated geomorphic activity. Geomorphic processes acting during these early development phases depend on the initial sediment composition and the subsurface and surface structures of the geosystem; at the same time, these processes lead to landscape structures that constitute boundary conditions for further ecosystem development.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchwabBrauerBlaszkiewiczetal., author = {Schwab, Markus and Brauer, Achim and Blaszkiewicz, Miroslaw and Raab, Thomas and Wilmking, Martin and Blume, Theresa}, title = {The Virtual Institute of Integrated Climate and Landscape Evolution Analyses - ICLEA}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April - 02 May 2014}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April - 02 May 2014}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, abstract = {The GFZ, Greifswald University and the Brandenburg University of Technology together with their partner the Polish Academy of Sciences strive for focusing their research capacities and expertise in a Helmholtz Virtual Institute for Integrated Climate and Landscape Evolution Analyses (ICLEA). The Coordination Team is based at the GFZ in Potsdam and consists of a permanent scientific manager and administrative personnel. ICLEA offers young researchers an interdisciplinary and structured education and promote their early independence through coaching and mentoring. Postdoctoral rotation positions at the ICLEA partner institutions ensure mobility of young researchers and promote dissemination of information and expertise between disciplines. Training, Research and Analytical workshops between research partners of the ICLEA virtual institute are another important measure to qualify young researchers.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{KnoopDornackDietrichetal., author = {Knoop, Christine and Dornack, Christina and Dietrich, Nils and Kr{\"u}mmelbein, Julia and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Quality and condition of residues from organic waste fermentation with regard to its usage as soil amendment}, series = {Proceedings, Fifth International Symposium on Energy from Biomass and Waste, San Servolo, Venice, Italy, 17-20 November 2014}, booktitle = {Proceedings, Fifth International Symposium on Energy from Biomass and Waste, San Servolo, Venice, Italy, 17-20 November 2014}, publisher = {CISA Publisher}, address = {Padova}, abstract = {The input of biowaste material in biogas plants has increased in the recent years. With that comes a certain amount of residues that can potentially be applied as organic soil amendment in order to recycle nutrients and to maintain and improve soil functions. The aim of this article is to give an impression of preliminary results of our study on characteristics of solid fermentation residues from different German biogas plants using organic waste material as main input substrate. A fundamental analysis shall reveal information such as material composition, nutrient and heavy metal concentration and impurity content. These characteristics are compared to existing data on composts and residues from organic waste treatment and will be evaluated in the context of organic amendment application.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{Raab, author = {Raab, Thomas}, title = {Defining Point Zero of Pedogenesis - What About Pre-Industrial Land Use?}, series = {2014 GSA Annual Meeting in Vancouver, British Columbia (19-22 October 2014)}, booktitle = {2014 GSA Annual Meeting in Vancouver, British Columbia (19-22 October 2014)}, publisher = {Geological Society of America}, address = {Boulder, Colo.}, pages = {S. 37}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{RaabRaabSchneideretal., author = {Raab, Thomas and Raab, Alexandra and Schneider, Anna and Hirsch, Florian and Nicolay, Alexander and Takla, Melanie and R{\"o}sler, Horst}, title = {Pre-Industrial Charcoal Kilns in the Northern European Lowland - Hidden Land Use Structures Detected by LIDAR}, series = {2014 GSA Annual Meeting in Vancouver, British Columbia (19-22 October 2014)}, booktitle = {2014 GSA Annual Meeting in Vancouver, British Columbia (19-22 October 2014)}, publisher = {Geological Society of America}, address = {Boulder, Colo.}, pages = {S. 96}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HirschRaab, author = {Hirsch, Florian and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Extending and simplifying the standard K{\"o}hn-pipette technique for grain size analysis}, series = {3rd Annual ICLEA Workshop 2014, Dynamics of Climate and Landscape Evolution of Cultural Landscapes in the Northern Central European Lowlands since the Last Ice Age}, booktitle = {3rd Annual ICLEA Workshop 2014, Dynamics of Climate and Landscape Evolution of Cultural Landscapes in the Northern Central European Lowlands since the Last Ice Age}, editor = {Schwab, Markus J. and Theuerkauf, Martin and Brauer, Achim and Wilmking, Martin and Lampe, Reinhard}, publisher = {GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences}, address = {Potsdam}, doi = {10.2312/GFZ.b103-14028}, pages = {40}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchwabBrauerBłaszkiewiczetal., author = {Schwab, Markus J. and Brauer, Achim and Błaszkiewicz, Mirosław and Raab, Thomas and Wilmking, Martin}, title = {Bridging long proxy data time series and instrumental observation in the Virtual Institute of Integrated Climate and Landscape Evolution Analyses - ICLEA}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2015, Vienna, Austria, 13 April - 17 May 2015}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2015, Vienna, Austria, 13 April - 17 May 2015}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchneiderHirschRaabetal., author = {Schneider, Anna and Hirsch, Florian and Raab, Thomas and Wechler, Klaus-Peter}, title = {Reconstructing spatial and temporal patterns of soil formation in an anthropogenic drift sand area in Northeastern Germany}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2015, Vienna, Austria, 13 April - 17 May 2015}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2015, Vienna, Austria, 13 April - 17 May 2015}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchneiderHirschFritschetal., author = {Schneider, Anna and Hirsch, Florian and Fritsch, Simone and Raab, Alexandra and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Hydraulische Eigenschaften von B{\"o}den an historischen Holzkohlemeilerpl{\"a}tzen in Brandenburg}, series = {Unsere B{\"o}den - unser Leben, Jahrestagung der Deutschen Bodenkundlichen Gesellschaft, 2. - 10. September 2015, M{\"u}nchen}, booktitle = {Unsere B{\"o}den - unser Leben, Jahrestagung der Deutschen Bodenkundlichen Gesellschaft, 2. - 10. September 2015, M{\"u}nchen}, publisher = {Deutsche Bodenkundliche Gesellschaft}, address = {G{\"o}ttingen}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{HirschRaab, author = {Hirsch, Florian and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Human impact on late Quaternary landscapes in the Central Spanish Pyrenees}, series = {AGU Meeting Abstract, 2011 Fall Meeting San Francisco 2011}, booktitle = {AGU Meeting Abstract, 2011 Fall Meeting San Francisco 2011}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{RaabHirsch, author = {Raab, Thomas and Hirsch, Florian}, title = {Quart{\"a}re Sedimente und Bodenbildung in den Aragonesischen Pyren{\"a}en}, series = {AK Geomorphologie, Jahrestagung 2010 in Frankfurt am Main/Schmitten}, booktitle = {AK Geomorphologie, Jahrestagung 2010 in Frankfurt am Main/Schmitten}, editor = {Wunderlich, J. and Houben, P.}, publisher = {Goethe Universit{\"a}t, Institut f{\"u}r Physische Geographie}, address = {Frankfurt am Main}, pages = {S. 38}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{HirschRaab, author = {Hirsch, Florian and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Sedimentologische Untersuchungen zur quart{\"a}ren Landschaftsgeschichte in den Aragonesischen Pyren{\"a}en}, series = {AK Geomorphologie, Jahrestagung 2010 in Frankfurt am Main/Schmitten}, booktitle = {AK Geomorphologie, Jahrestagung 2010 in Frankfurt am Main/Schmitten}, editor = {Wunderlich, J. and Houben, P.}, publisher = {Goethe Universit{\"a}t, Institut f{\"u}r Physische Geographie}, address = {Frankfurt am Main}, pages = {S. 19}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{TuruHirschPenaMonneetal., author = {Turu, Valenti and Hirsch, Florian and Pena-Monne, J. L. and Raab, Thomas and Ros, X. and Marti-Bono, Carlos and Constante-Orrios, A.}, title = {Prospeccion geofisica y geomecanica de la ribera de Biescas (pirineos centrales): estructura del relleno sedimentario del fondo del valle y los sedimentos de vertiente}, series = {Resums XIII Reunio Nacional de Quaternari, AEQUA, Andorra 2011}, booktitle = {Resums XIII Reunio Nacional de Quaternari, AEQUA, Andorra 2011}, editor = {Turu, Valenti and Constante, Ana}, publisher = {Imp. Envalira [u.a.]}, address = {Andorra la Vella}, isbn = {978-99920-1-861-3}, pages = {81 -- 83}, language = {es} } @inproceedings{HirschRaab, author = {Hirsch, Florian and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Post-LGM-zeitliche Pedogenese und Geomorphodynamik in den Spanischen Zentralpyren{\"a}en}, series = {Jahrestagung 2012, 10. - 13. Oktober 2012 in M{\"u}nchen/Campus Weihenstephan, Deutscher Arbeitskreis f{\"u}r Geomorphologie, Tagungsband zur Critical Zone-Forschung}, booktitle = {Jahrestagung 2012, 10. - 13. Oktober 2012 in M{\"u}nchen/Campus Weihenstephan, Deutscher Arbeitskreis f{\"u}r Geomorphologie, Tagungsband zur Critical Zone-Forschung}, editor = {V{\"o}lkel, J{\"o}rg}, publisher = {M{\"u}nchen}, address = {Technische Universit{\"a}t}, pages = {S. 26}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{HirschNicolaySchneideretal., author = {Hirsch, Florian and Nicolay, Alexander and Schneider, Anna and Błaszkiewicz, Mirosław and Kordowski, Jarosław and Noryskiewicz, Agnieszka M. and Tyszkowski, Sebastian and Raab, Alexandra and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Sp{\"a}tquart{\"a}re Landschaftsentwicklung seit der Pommerschen Phase in Wygonin (Nordpolen)}, series = {Jahrestagung des AK Geomorphologie in Kiel 2014}, booktitle = {Jahrestagung des AK Geomorphologie in Kiel 2014}, editor = {Bork, Hans-Rudolf and Dreibrodt, Stefan and Duttmann, Rainer and Unkel, Ingmar}, publisher = {Christian-Albrechts-Universit{\"a}t}, address = {Kiel}, pages = {S. 66}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{HirschRaab, author = {Hirsch, Florian and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Reliktische Bodenbildung in den Spanischen Zentralpyren{\"a}en als Hinweis auf sp{\"a}tquart{\"a}re Klimawechsel}, series = {Jahrestagung der Deutschen Bodenkundlichen Gesellschaft, Berlin, Potsdam}, booktitle = {Jahrestagung der Deutschen Bodenkundlichen Gesellschaft, Berlin, Potsdam}, publisher = {Deutsche Bodenkundliche Gesellschaft}, address = {G{\"o}ttingen}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{HirschRaab, author = {Hirsch, Florian and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Soil formation on Late Quaternary sediments in the Central Pyrenees (Spain)}, series = {Landscapes and soils through time, proceedings, Hohenheim, July 28th - August 01th, 2011}, booktitle = {Landscapes and soils through time, proceedings, Hohenheim, July 28th - August 01th, 2011}, editor = {Sauer, Daniela and Jahn, Reinhold and Stahr, Karl}, address = {Hohenheim}, pages = {4 -- 5}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HirschRaab, author = {Hirsch, Florian and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Distribution, formation and chronology of Late Quaternary sediments in the Central Spanish Pyrenees}, series = {8th International Conference (IAG) on Geomorphology, IAG, Paris, 27 - 31 August 2013, abstract volume}, booktitle = {8th International Conference (IAG) on Geomorphology, IAG, Paris, 27 - 31 August 2013, abstract volume}, publisher = {International Association of Geomorphologists}, address = {Paris}, pages = {S. 342}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HirschRaab, author = {Hirsch, Florian and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Micromorphology and macrofabrics of Late Quaternary sediments in the Aragonese Pyrenees, Spain}, series = {8th International Conference (IAG) on Geomorphology, IAG, Paris, 27 - 31 August 2013, abstract volume}, booktitle = {8th International Conference (IAG) on Geomorphology, IAG, Paris, 27 - 31 August 2013, abstract volume}, publisher = {International Association of Geomorphologists}, address = {Paris}, pages = {S. 1018}, abstract = {Within the scope of the research project Post-LGM pedogenesis and geomorphodynamics in the Aragonese Pyrenees we used a combination of field and laboratory methods to differentiate and classify Late Quaternary sediments. Our analyses indicate no post sedimentary erosion of the LGM lateral moraines in the Aragon and Gallego valley. Precipitation of calcium carbonate led to the fixation of the diamictons and thus stabilized the glacial landforms. Clasts in the glacial sediments are orientated parallel to the Pleistocene glacial flow direction and therefore underpin the stability of the glacial deposits during paraglacial times. Grain size analyses and OSL ages indicate the covering of glacial sediments by an eolian deposit before the onset of the Holocene.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{DietrichKnoopKruemmelbeinetal., author = {Dietrich, Nils and Knoop, Christine and Kr{\"u}mmelbein, Julia and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Einfluss der Ausbringung von aufbereiteten G{\"a}rr{\"u}ckst{\"a}nden aus der Bioabfallverg{\"a}rung auf bodenphysikalische Eigenschaften}, series = {DBG Jahrestagung 2015, M{\"u}nchen, 7.-11. September 2015}, booktitle = {DBG Jahrestagung 2015, M{\"u}nchen, 7.-11. September 2015}, pages = {1}, abstract = {In Deutschland fallen j{\"a}hrlich ca. 13 Mio t Bioabfall an. Im Zuge der Novellierung des EEG 2014 erfolgte eine Aufhebung aller Sonderverg{\"u}tungen. Da zuk{\"u}nftig keine erh{\"o}hten, einsatzstoffbezogenen Verg{\"u}tungen (z. B. f{\"u}r Mais, Zuckerr{\"u}ben und Getreide) mehr vorgesehen sind, wird sich der Ausbau der Biomasse auf den Einsatz von Reststoffen (z. B. G{\"u}lle und Abfallstoffe) konzentrieren . Aus diesem Grund ist mit einer verst{\"a}rkten Zunahme von G{\"a}rr{\"u}ckst{\"a}nden aus Bioabf{\"a}llen zu rechnen. Im Rahmen des vom BMBF gef{\"o}rderten VeNGA-Projektes Grundlagenuntersuchungen zur Verwertung und N{\"a}hrstoffnutzung der boden- und pflanzenbezogenen Wirkung von G{\"a}rr{\"u}ckst{\"a}nden aus der Abfallverg{\"a}rung, erfolgt die genaue Charakterisierung unterschiedlicher G{\"a}rrestprodukte und Aufbereitungsverfahren hinsichtlich ihrer bodenphysikalischen Wirkung und ihrer Effekte auf Wachstum und Entwicklung von landwirtschaftlichen Kulturen. In dem Projekt werden G{\"a}rprodukte aus zwei Laboranlagen und einer Technikumsanlage mittels vier Verfahren aufbereitet und in Gef{\"a}ßversuchen und einem dreij{\"a}hrigen Feldversuch hinsichtlich ihrer langfristigen boden- und pflanzenbezogenen Wirkung untersucht. Die unterschiedliche Aufbereitung der G{\"a}rreste erfolgt nach der Kompostierung aus demselben Material, in Form von Rollpellets, Presspellets, zerfasertem Kompost und einer Referenzvariante aus gesiebtem Kompost. Bei den unter kontrollierten Bedingungen im Gew{\"a}chshaus durchgef{\"u}hrten viermonatigen Gef{\"a}ßversuchen wurden die G{\"a}rprodukte unter Sommerweizen und im Feldversuch unter Hirse, Senf und Gr{\"u}nroggen getestet. Erste Ergebnisse nach dem ersten Versuchsjahr zeigen sowohl f{\"u}r die Gef{\"a}ßversuche als auch im Freilandversuch einen positiven Effekt f{\"u}r die Rollpellets auf den Biomasseertrag im Vergleich zu den anderen Aufbereitungsvarianten. Aufgrund des gleichen Ausgangsmaterials der verschiedenen Varianten deutet der Mehrertrag bei der Applikation der Rollpellets auf eine positive bodenphysikalische Wirkung und verbesserte Porenverh{\"a}ltnissen, die mit einer Steigerung des Wasserhalteverm{\"o}gens einhergeht, hin. Des Weiteren besitzen die Rollpellets im Vergleich zu den anderen getesteten Varianten gute Lager-, Transport- und Applikationseigenschaften. Auch konnte in Rhizotronenversuch gezeigt werden, dass die verschieden G{\"a}rrestprodukte unterschiedliche Einfl{\"u}sse auf das Wurzelwachstum von Sommerweizen besitzen.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{KnoopDietrichHeinrichetal., author = {Knoop, Christine and Dietrich, Nils and Heinrich, Martina and Kr{\"u}mmelbein, Julia and Dornack, Christina and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Aufbereitung von Bioabfall-G{\"a}rresten zur Nutzung als Bodenverbesserer}, series = {Tagungsband, 10. Biogastagung - Anaerobe Biologische Abfallbehandlung, 29.-30. Semtember 2015, Dresden}, booktitle = {Tagungsband, 10. Biogastagung - Anaerobe Biologische Abfallbehandlung, 29.-30. Semtember 2015, Dresden}, publisher = {Forum f{\"u}r Abfallwirtschaft und Altlasten e.V.}, address = {Pirna}, pages = {177 -- 186}, abstract = {Mit der Implementierung des Kreislaufwirtschaftsgesetzes (KrWG) im Jahr 2012 hat sich die Bundesregierung gesetzlich auf eine getrennte Erfassung von Bioabf{\"a}llen in privaten Haushalten ab Januar 2015 festgelegt. Bioabf{\"a}lle werden in Deutschland bereits in {\"u}ber 100 Biogasanlagen eingesetzt und k{\"o}nnten in Zukunft verst{\"a}rkt als G{\"a}rsubstrat genutzt werden. Die nach der Verg{\"a}rung verbleibenden organischen R{\"u}ckst{\"a}nde sollen im Sinne der Kreislaufwirtschaft als organischer Bodenverbesserer auf landwirtschaftliche Fl{\"a}chen r{\"u}ckgef{\"u}hrt werden. Im Rahmen des VeNGA-Projektes (Grundlagenuntersuchungen zur Verwertung und N{\"a}hrstoffnutzung sowie der boden- und pflanzenbezogenen Wirkung von G{\"a}rr{\"u}ckst{\"a}nden aus der Abfallverg{\"a}rung) am Lehrstuhl Geopedologie und Landschaftsentwicklung der Brandenburgischen Technischen Universit{\"a}t Cottbus-Senftenberg (BTU) in Zusammenarbeit mit der Firma Grossmann Ingenieur Consult Dresden (GICON) und dem Institut f{\"u}r Stadt{\"o}kologische Projekte Berlin (IASP) sollen Aufbereitungsm{\"o}glichkeiten f{\"u}r R{\"u}ckst{\"a}nde aus der Bioabfallverg{\"a}rung untersucht werden. Im Fokus steht dabei der Einfluss der Substratbehandlung w{\"a}hrend des Biogas- und Aufbereitungsprozesses auf die Eigenschaften der entstehenden D{\"u}ngeprodukte. Die Untersuchungen werden sowohl im Labor als auch im Technikum durchgef{\"u}hrt. Die Charakterisierung der festen G{\"a}rr{\"u}ckst{\"a}nde aus der Bioabfallverg{\"a}rung hat gezeigt, dass diese ein {\"a}hnliches N{\"a}hrstoffpotential wie Gr{\"u}nd{\"u}nger oder Frischkompost besitzen. Durch den organischen Abbau w{\"a}hrend der Verg{\"a}rung kommt es zur Aufkonzentration von N{\"a}hrstoffen und Schwermetallen in der festen Phase. Der Stickstoff liegt zu durchschnittlich 25 \% in Form von pflanzenverf{\"u}gbarem Ammoni-um vor. W{\"a}hrend der Aufbereitung ist jedoch eine Teiltrocknung der G{\"a}rr{\"u}ckst{\"a}nde unumg{\"a}nglich, was zun{\"a}chst zum Stickstoffverlust f{\"u}hrt. Es ist also von einer geringen Stickstoffverf{\"u}gbarkeit in den festen G{\"a}rprodukten auszugehen. Der Einsatz der aufbereiteten G{\"a}rprodukte in Topfexperimenten und im Feldversuch hat gezeigt, dass die Ausbringung in Kombination mit Minerald{\"u}ngung zu einem erh{\"o}hten Biomasseertrag f{\"u}hrt. Dies l{\"a}sst eine positive Wirkung der G{\"a}rprodukte auf die Bodeneigenschaften schlussfolgern. Feste G{\"a}rr{\"u}ckst{\"a}nde k{\"o}nnen bei Erf{\"u}llung der Kriterien nach BioAbfV als organischer Bodenverbesserer eingesetzt werden. Eine Aufbereitung ist hierf{\"u}r in den meisten F{\"a}llen notwendig. Dies gilt insbesondere f{\"u}r Substrate, die vor der Verg{\"a}rung keiner St{\"o}rstoffabscheidung unterzogen werden. Das zweistufige Fest-Fl{\"u}ssig-Verfahren, welches f{\"u}r die Untersuchungen angewendet wird, hat den Vorteil besonders unanf{\"a}llig gegen{\"u}ber St{\"o}rstoffen zu sein. Der St{\"o}rstoffgehalt im G{\"a}rr{\"u}ckstand ist dadurch vergleichsweise h{\"o}her als bei anderen Verfahren, was einen gr{\"o}ßeren Aufbereitungsaufwand nach sich zieht.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{SchneiderTaklaRaabetal., author = {Schneider, Anna and Takla, Melanie and Raab, Alexandra and Raab, Thomas and Bonhage, Alexander and Hirsch, Florian and R{\"o}sler, Horst}, title = {Towards an inventory of historic charcoal production fields in Brandenburg, Germany}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2015, Vienna, Austria, 13 April - 17 May 2015}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2015, Vienna, Austria, 13 April - 17 May 2015}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BadorreckKruemmelbeinRaab, author = {Badorreck, Annika and Kr{\"u}mmelbein, Julia and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Long-term effects of deep soil loosening on root distribution and soil physical parameters in compacted lignite mine soils}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2015, Vienna, Austria, 13 April - 17 May 2015}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2015, Vienna, Austria, 13 April - 17 May 2015}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{TaklaRaabRaab, author = {Takla, Melanie and Raab, Thomas and Raab, Alexandra}, title = {Standort 4 - Eisenh{\"u}ttenwerk Peitz. Die fr{\"u}hindustrielle K{\"o}hlerei in der J{\"a}nschwalder Heide (Niederlausitz). Eine GIS-basierte Rekonstruktion des Wald- und Landschaftszustandes mithilfe historischer Karten ab dem 18. Jahrhundert}, series = {Tagungsband und Exkursionsf{\"u}hrer, Arbeitskreis Geoarch{\"a}ologie- Jahrestagung 2013, 2.-4.5.2013, BTU Cottbus}, booktitle = {Tagungsband und Exkursionsf{\"u}hrer, Arbeitskreis Geoarch{\"a}ologie- Jahrestagung 2013, 2.-4.5.2013, BTU Cottbus}, editor = {Raab, Thomas and Hirsch, Florian and Raab, Alexandra and Schopper, Franz and Freytag, Klaus}, publisher = {BTU Cottbus}, address = {Cottbus}, pages = {89 -- 97}, abstract = {Die hier vorgestellte Forschungsarbeit besch{\"a}ftigt sich mit der Rekonstruktion der Landschafts- und Umweltgeschichte mithilfe Geographischer Informationssysteme (GIS) und historischer Karten. In einem Modell sollen die r{\"a}umliche Dimension der K{\"o}hlerei, der damit verbundene Holzverbrauch, der Zustand der W{\"a}lder, die vorhandene Infrastruktur etc. errechnet und dargestellt werden. Zeitlicher Schwerpunkt ist die zweite H{\"a}lfte des 18. Jahrhunderts und die Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{TaklaRaabRaab, author = {Takla, Melanie and Raab, Thomas and Raab, Alexandra}, title = {Die fr{\"u}hindustrielle K{\"o}hlerei in der J{\"a}nschwalder Heide (Tagebau J{\"a}nschwalde, Niederlausitz). Eine GIS-basierte Rekonstruktion des Wald- und Landschaftszustandes mithilfe historischer Karten ab dem 18. Jahrhundert}, series = {Tagungsband und Exkursionsf{\"u}hrer, Arbeitskreis Geoarch{\"a}ologie - Jahrestagung 2013, 2.-4.5.2013, BTU Cottbus}, booktitle = {Tagungsband und Exkursionsf{\"u}hrer, Arbeitskreis Geoarch{\"a}ologie - Jahrestagung 2013, 2.-4.5.2013, BTU Cottbus}, editor = {Raab, Thomas and Hirsch, Florian and Raab, Alexandra and Schopper, Franz and Freytag, Klaus}, publisher = {BTU Cottbus}, address = {Cottbus}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-40619}, pages = {S. 47}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{HirschSchneiderNicolayetal., author = {Hirsch, Florian and Schneider, Anna and Nicolay, Alexander and Błaszkiewicz, Mirosław and Kordowski, Jarosław and Noryskiewicz, Agnieszka M. and Tyszkowski, Sebastian and Raab, Alexandra and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Late Quaternary landscape development at the margin of the Pomeranian phase (MIS 2) near Lake Wygonin (Northern Poland)}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2015, Vienna, Austria, 13 April - 17 May 2015}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2015, Vienna, Austria, 13 April - 17 May 2015}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HirschSchneiderRaabetal., author = {Hirsch, Florian and Schneider, Anna and Raab, Alexandra and Raab, Thomas and Buras, Allan and Maaten, Ernst van der and Takla, Melanie and R{\"a}biger, Christin and Cruz-Garc{\´i}a, Roberto and Wilmking, Martin}, title = {Effects of historic charcoal burning on soil properties}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2015, Vienna, Austria, 13 April - 17 May 2015}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2015, Vienna, Austria, 13 April - 17 May 2015}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BurasHirschMaatenetal., author = {Buras, Allan and Hirsch, Florian and Maaten, Ernst van der and Takla, Melanie and R{\"a}biger, Christin and Cruz-Garc{\´i}a, Roberto and Schneider, Anna and Raab, Alexandra and Raab, Thomas and Wilmking, Martin}, title = {Charcoal kiln relicts - a favorable site for tree growth?}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2015, Vienna, Austria, 13 April - 17 May 2015}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2015, Vienna, Austria, 13 April - 17 May 2015}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{TaklaMuellerRoesleretal., author = {Takla, Melanie and M{\"u}ller, Frank and R{\"o}sler, Horst and Raab, Alexandra and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Forestry and charcoal burning in the vicinity of the ironwork Peitz (South Brandenburg, Germany) - What do we know from historical and archaeological data?}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April - 02 May 2014}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April - 02 May 2014}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, abstract = {The former royal forest districts around Peitz (South Brandenburg, Germany) were used to produce charcoal for the ironwork Peitz (1554 to 1856). More than 800 archaeologically excavated ground plans of charcoal kilns give evidence of the burning activity in the study area "J{\"a}nschwalde Heide" which is only a small part of the whole forest district. The study area in the apron of the active lignite mine J{\"a}nschwalde comprises the royal forest "J{\"a}nschwalder Heide" and the surrounding community forests. Our study approach combines archaeological research, a GIS-based approach (historical maps, airborne laser scanning (ALS) data, etc.) and archival studies.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchneiderTaklaNicolayetal., author = {Schneider, Anna and Takla, Melanie and Nicolay, Alexander and Raab, Alexandra and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Quantitative analysis of anthropogenic relief features: automated mapping of charcoal kiln sites from high-resolution ALS data}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April - 02 May 2014}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April - 02 May 2014}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, abstract = {High-resolution digital elevation data from airborne laser scanning (ALS) allow for identification and mapping of so far unknown small-scale relief features that are hidden by forest cover. Especially as a result of historic land use, small anthropogenic landforms can occur, e.g., remains of charcoal kilns on sites that were used for charcoal production or ridge and furrow systems in former farmland areas. Mapping such relief features and analyzing their spatial distribution patterns can help to understand past land-use systems and their effects on landscapes. To efficiently detect and quantify small-scale relief features from high-resolution DEMs for larger areas, (semi-) automated mapping routines are required.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{TaklaMuellerRoesleretal., author = {Takla, Melanie and M{\"u}ller, Frank and R{\"o}sler, Horst and Raab, Alexandra and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Forestry and charcoal burning in the vicinity of the ironwork Peitz (South Brandenburg, Germany) - What do we know from historical and archaeological data?}, series = {3rd Annual ICLEA Workshop 2014, Dynamics of Climate and Landscape Evolution of Cultural Landscapes in the Northern Central European Lowlands since the Last Ice Age}, booktitle = {3rd Annual ICLEA Workshop 2014, Dynamics of Climate and Landscape Evolution of Cultural Landscapes in the Northern Central European Lowlands since the Last Ice Age}, editor = {Schwab, Markus J. and Theuerkauf, Martin and Brauer, Achim and Wilmking, Martin and Lampe, Reinhard}, publisher = {GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences}, address = {Potsdam}, doi = {10.2312/GFZ.b103-14028}, pages = {51}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchneiderTaklaNicolayetal., author = {Schneider, Anna and Takla, Melanie and Nicolay, Alexander and Raab, Alexandra and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Automated detection of small-scale anthropogenic relief features from high-resolution ALS-data}, series = {3rd Annual ICLEA Workshop 2014, Dynamics of Climate and Landscape Evolution of Cultural Landscapes in the Northern Central European Lowlands since the Last Ice Age}, booktitle = {3rd Annual ICLEA Workshop 2014, Dynamics of Climate and Landscape Evolution of Cultural Landscapes in the Northern Central European Lowlands since the Last Ice Age}, editor = {Schwab, Markus J. and Theuerkauf, Martin and Brauer, Achim and Wilmking, Martin and Lampe, Reinhard}, publisher = {GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences}, address = {Potsdam}, doi = {10.2312/GFZ.b103-14028}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b103-14028}, pages = {S. 49}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{NicolayRaabRaab, author = {Nicolay, Alexander and Raab, Alexandra and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Evidence pf (pre-) historic to modern landscape development and land use history in Lower Lusatia (Brandenburg, Germany)}, series = {3rd Annual ICLEA Workshop 2014, Dynamics of Climate and Landscape Evolution of Cultural Landscapes in the Northern Central European Lowlands since the Last Ice Age}, booktitle = {3rd Annual ICLEA Workshop 2014, Dynamics of Climate and Landscape Evolution of Cultural Landscapes in the Northern Central European Lowlands since the Last Ice Age}, editor = {Schwab, Markus J. and Theuerkauf, Martin and Brauer, Achim and Wilmking, Martin and Lampe, Reinhard}, publisher = {GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences}, address = {Potsdam}, doi = {10.2312/GFZ.b103-14028}, pages = {47}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HirschNicolayPoetzschetal., author = {Hirsch, Florian and Nicolay, Alexander and P{\"o}tzsch, Bastian and Fritzsche, Marie and Raab, Alexandra and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Influence of charcoal burning induced pyrolysis on soils}, series = {3rd Annual ICLEA Workshop 2014, Dynamics of Climate and Landscape Evolution of Cultural Landscapes in the Northern Central European Lowlands since the Last Ice Age}, booktitle = {3rd Annual ICLEA Workshop 2014, Dynamics of Climate and Landscape Evolution of Cultural Landscapes in the Northern Central European Lowlands since the Last Ice Age}, editor = {Schwab, Markus J. and Theuerkauf, Martin and Brauer, Achim and Wilmking, Martin and Lampe, Reinhard}, publisher = {GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences}, address = {Potsdam}, doi = {10.2312/GFZ.b103-14028}, pages = {41}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{NicolayRaabRaab, author = {Nicolay, Alexander and Raab, Alexandra and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Evidence of (pre-) historic to modern landscape development and land use history in Lower Lusatia (Brandenburg, Germany)}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April - 02 May 2014}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April - 02 May 2014}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, abstract = {In the apron of three active lignite opencast pits in Lower Lusatia (Brandenburg, Germany), archaeological survey trenches were investigated in areas where Quaternary aeolian sand deposits are widespread. The investigated palaeoenvironmental archives in J{\"a}nschwalde, Cottbus-Nord and Welzow contain evidence of fluvial and aeolian morphodynamics, soil formation and agricultural land use from (pre-)historic to modern times. To study the age and the causes of sand drifting and landform stabilization, standard soil physical and chemical laboratory analyses as well as optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and radiocarbon dating (14C) were carried out. Two main sedimentological units were identified: Unit 1 consists of glacio-fluvial and Late Weichselian aeolian sands representing the parent material for the native Podsol-Braunerde and Podsol development, while Unit 2 represents the Late Holocene aeolian deposits. Four periods of Late glacial and Holocene aeolian activity and three phases of geomorphological stability have been identified: (i) Aeolian sedimentation during the Late glacial, (ii) Mesolithic reactivation of aeolian processes, (iii) soil formation until Late Roman Iron Age settlers intensified the agricultural land use, (iv) intensive drift sand formation during the High Middle Ages due to agricultural expansion, (v) stabilization of the drift sands and weak soil formation, (vi) reactivation of aeolian processes due to the increasing wood consumption and charcoal production from the early 16th until the mid-19th century, (vii) surface stabilization and formation of Regosols since the mid-19th century due to afforestation.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{RaabRaabNicolayetal., author = {Raab, Thomas and Raab, Alexandra and Nicolay, Alexander and Takla, Melanie and Hirsch, Florian and Schneider, Anna and R{\"o}sler, Horst and B{\"o}nisch, Eberhard}, title = {Human-induced landscape dynamics in South Brandenburg - findings from different geoarchives}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April - 02 May 2014}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April - 02 May 2014}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, abstract = {South Brandenburg is the central part of the North European Lowland (NEL) extending as a plain landscape from the North and Baltic Sea to the foothills of the Central European Highlands and reaching from the Netherlands to Poland. Since many decades lignite opencast mines have been operating in this region which is known as the Lusatian mining district. The total land demand in Lusatia is about 852 square kilometres and mining will continue for many more years or even decades. Large-scale outcrops resulting from these mining activities are excellent archives to study the younger Earth's history. The scope of our research in open cast mines is to reconstruct the Late Quaternary landscape development and to distinguishing natural from anthropogenic forcing and processes. In more detail, the aims are to identify and to quantify the impact of past land uses, i.e. changes of vegetation, landforms and soils induced by agriculture and/or forestry. Here, we are presenting latest results from our research and review important findings giving novel insights into man-induced environmental changes in Lusatia within the past thousands years and thus improving the general understanding of Late Quaternary landscape dynamics.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HirschNicolayPoetzschetal., author = {Hirsch, Florian and Nicolay, Alexander and P{\"o}tzsch, Bastian and Fritzsche, Marie and Raab, Alexandra and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Influence of charcoal burning induced pyrolysis on soils}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April - 02 May 2014}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April - 02 May 2014}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, abstract = {In Lusatia, Northeastern Germany, the production of ironware between the 16th and 19th century left behind a remarkable amount of charcoal kilns in the forests north of Cottbus. Remote sensing surveys, underpinned by archaeological studies, show that charcoal was gained around Cottbus from several thousand charcoal kilns which had internal diameters up to 20 m. For the study site with 35 km2 area, the until now prospected total ground area below the charcoal kilns which was potentially affected by the pyrolysis is about 0,5 km2. Historic data indicates that the pyrolysis in the charcoal kiln took up to several weeks, for the kilns with a diameter of 20 m about 20 days. To characterize the depth of thermal alteration of soils below the kiln our current focus is on the differentiation of the iron hydroxides by small-scale vertical analysis of soil profiles.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{RaabFrantiucBrademannetal., author = {Raab, Alexandra and Frantiuc, Alexandru and Brademann, Brian and Ott, Florian and Hirsch, Florian and Brauer, Achim and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Proxies of pre-industrial charcoal production and land use in lake sediments from South Brandenburg, Germany}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April - 02 May 2014}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April - 02 May 2014}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, abstract = {During the last decades, archaeological research has revealed that large-scale charcoal burning was carried out in Lower Lusatia (South Brandenburg) situated within the North Germany Lowland. From the 17th to the 19th century, charcoal was mainly produced for the ironwork in Peitz. Within the framework of the ICLEA project lake sediments from two lakes, Byhleguhrer See and Großsee, are investigated to study the impact of pre-industrial charcoal production on the environment.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{NicolaySchulzRaabetal., author = {Nicolay, Alexander and Schulz, Deborah and Raab, Thomas and Raab, Alexandra}, title = {Landscape and soil development in Lower Lusatia - results from archaeological and soil-geomorphological investigations on a small dune field nearby J{\"a}nschwalde (Brandenburg, Germany)}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April - 02 May 2014}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April - 02 May 2014}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, abstract = {Within the apron of the opencast mine J{\"a}nschwalde (SE Brandenburg, Germany) archaeological excavations on a multiple populated small dune were complemented with soil-geomorphological investigations in the vicinity. Archaeological findings in the dune stratigraphy (especially cremation graves) are intercalated within aeolian sediments and/or buried soils and thus give a record of the Late Quaternary geomorphodynamic and soil development.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{GerwinRaabSeifert, author = {Gerwin, Werner and Raab, Thomas and Seifert, Thomas}, title = {Analyzing initial geomorphologic processes and structures: An alternative remote sensing approach}, series = {EGU General Assembly 2010, held in Vienna, Austria, 02 - 07 May 2010}, booktitle = {EGU General Assembly 2010, held in Vienna, Austria, 02 - 07 May 2010}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{KapplerKaiserGanzenmuelleretal., author = {Kappler, Christoph and Kaiser, Knut and Ganzenm{\"u}ller, Raphael and K{\"u}ster, Mathias and Nicolay, Alexander and F{\"u}lling, Alexander and Bens, Oliver and Raab, Thomas}, title = {A review of geochronological data from northeastern Germany: evaluating late Quaternary soil formation and land surface dynamics}, series = {3rd Annual ICLEA Workshop 2014, Dynamics of Climate and Landscape Evolution of Cultural Landscapes in the Northern Central European Lowlands since the Last Ice Age}, booktitle = {3rd Annual ICLEA Workshop 2014, Dynamics of Climate and Landscape Evolution of Cultural Landscapes in the Northern Central European Lowlands since the Last Ice Age}, editor = {Schwab, Markus J. and Theuerkauf, Martin and Brauer, Achim and Wilmking, Martin and Lampe, Reinhard}, publisher = {GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences}, address = {Potsdam}, doi = {10.2312/GFZ.b103-14028}, pages = {43}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SutLohmannBoldtBurischRaab, author = {Sut-Lohmann, Magdalena and Boldt-Burisch, Katja and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Influence of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus (AMF) on degradation of iron-cyanide complexes}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2015, Vienna, Austria, 13 April - 17 May 2015}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2015, Vienna, Austria, 13 April - 17 May 2015}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SutLohmannRepmannRaab, author = {Sut-Lohmann, Magdalena and Repmann, Frank and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Vertical movement of iron-cyanide complexes in soils of a former Manufactured Gas Plant site}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2015, Vienna, Austria, 13 April - 17 May 2015}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2015, Vienna, Austria, 13 April - 17 May 2015}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SutLohmannRepmannRaab, author = {Sut-Lohmann, Magdalena and Repmann, Frank and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Release of iron-cyanide complexes form contaminated soils - Batch and column experiments on substrates from Manufactured Gas Plant (MGP) site}, series = {European Geosciences Union General Assembly 2013, Vienna, Austria, 07 - 12 April 2013}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union General Assembly 2013, Vienna, Austria, 07 - 12 April 2013}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, abstract = {Soils of former Manufactured Gas Plants (MGPs) are often contaminated with iron-cyanide (Fe-CN) complexes that originate from gas purification process. Cyanide is a potentially toxic substance and its presence in soil and groundwater may cause risk for human health as well as for the environment. MGPs were commonly built on the city suburban areas, which have spread ever since. Nowadays, these sites are typically located in inner cities, causing environmental thread, due to the leaching of pollutants. More recently, columns and batch experiments have been used to study fate and mobility of contaminants is soil. The release of iron-cyanide complexes under unsaturated flow conditions was evaluated with eight columns of 30 cm length and a diameter of 5,4 cm. Cyanide concentrations in the collected leachates were measured with Flow Injection Analysis (FIA). Additionally pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and various ion concentrations were determined. In order to compare the release of Fe-CN complexes in saturated conditions a batch experiment was conducted, where in defined time intervals, 1 ml of the extract water phase was analyzed for CN concentration. Study revealed an analogous trend of cyanide release in both experiments indicating primarily the release of formerly dissolved phase (hexacyanoferrates) followed by continual dissolution of ferric ferrocyanide. We conclude that batch experiments, conducted prior to column analysis, can serve as preliminary prediction of the water soluble cyanide fraction under unsaturated conditions.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SutLohmannFischerRepmannetal., author = {Sut-Lohmann, Magdalena and Fischer, Thomas and Repmann, Frank and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Feasibility of field portable near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy to determine cyanide concentrations in soil}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2013, Vienna, Austria, 07 - 12 April 2013}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2013, Vienna, Austria, 07 - 12 April 2013}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, abstract = {In Germany, at more than 1000 sites, soil is polluted with an anthropogenic contaminant in form of iron-cyanide complexes. These contaminations are caused by former Manufactured Gas Plants (MGPs), where electricity for lighting was produced in the process of coal gasification. The production of manufactured gas was restrained in 1950, which caused cessation of MGPs. Our study describes the application of Polychromix Handheld Field Portable Near-Infrared (NIR) Analyzer to predict the cyanide concentrations in soil. In recent times, when the soil remediation is of major importance, there is a need to develop rapid and non-destructive methods for contaminant determination in the field. In situ analysis enables determination of 'hot spots', is cheap and time saving in comparison to laboratory methods. This paper presents a novel usage of NIR spectroscopy, where a calibration model was developed, using multivariate calibration algorithms, in order to determine NIR spectral response to the cyanide concentration in soil samples. As a control, the contaminant concentration was determined using conventional Flow Injection Analysis (FIA). The experiments revealed that portable near-infrared spectrometers could be a reliable device for identification of contamination 'hot spots', where cyanide concentration are higher than 2400 mg kg-1 in the field and >1750 mg kg-1 after sample preparation in the laboratory, but cannot replace traditional laboratory analyses due to high limits of detection.}, language = {en} }