@misc{LehnenRadziejWeigeletal., author = {Lehnen, Nadine and Radziej, Katharina and Weigel, Angelika and K{\"a}nel, Roland von and Glasauer, Stefan and Pietron, Victor and Van den Bergh, Omer and L{\"o}we, Bernd and Lehmann, Marco and Henningsen, Peter}, title = {Complementing conceptual models of persistent somatic symptoms with mathematical formalization}, series = {Psychosomatic Medicine}, volume = {82}, journal = {Psychosomatic Medicine}, number = {5}, issn = {1534-7796}, doi = {10.1097/PSY.0000000000000801}, pages = {527 -- 528}, language = {en} } @misc{SchaeferJoerresNowaketal., author = {Schaefer, Daniel and J{\"o}rres, Rudolf and Nowak, Dennis and Van Den Bergh, Omer and Bogaerts, Katleen and Glasauer, Stefan and Lehnen, Nadine and Von Werder, Dina}, title = {Late breaking abstract : replication and validation of a rebreathing experiment to investigate post-COVID symptoms}, series = {European Respiratory Journal}, volume = {62}, journal = {European Respiratory Journal}, number = {Suppl. 67}, publisher = {European Respiratory Society}, doi = {10.1183/13993003.congress-2023.PA5072}, language = {en} } @misc{vonWerderAubeleRegnathetal., author = {von Werder, Dina and Aubele, Maria and Regnath, Franziska and Tebbe, Elisabeth and Mladenov, Dejan and von Rheinbaben, Victoria and Hahn, Elisabeth and Sch{\"a}fer, Daniel and Biersack, Katharina and Adorjan, Kristina and Stubbe, Hans C. and Bogaerts, Katleen and J{\"o}rres, Rudolf A. and Nowak, Dennis and Van den Bergh, Omer and Glasauer, Stefan and Lehnen, Nadine}, title = {Increased breathlessness in post-COVID syndrome despite normal breathing patterns in a rebreathing challenge}, series = {Scientific reports}, volume = {15}, journal = {Scientific reports}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, address = {[London]}, issn = {2045-2322}, doi = {10.1038/s41598-025-11728-x}, pages = {1 -- 15}, abstract = {Severe symptoms in the absence of measurable body pathology are a frequent hallmark of post-COVID syndrome. From a Bayesian Brain perspective, such symptoms can be explained by incorrect internal models that the brain uses to interpret sensory signals. In this pre-registered study, we investigate whether induced breathlessness perception during a controlled CO2rebreathing challenge is reflected by altered respiratory measures (physiology and breathing patterns), and propose different computational mechanisms that could explain our findings in a Bayesian Brain framework. We analysed data from 40 patients with post-COVID syndrome and 40 healthy participants. Results from lung function, neurological and neurocognitive examination of all participants were within normal limits on the day of the experiment. Using a Bayesian repeated-measures ANOVA, we found that patients' breathlessness was strongly increased (BF10,baseline =8.029, BF10,rebreathing =11636, BF10,recovery =43662) compared to controls. When excluding patients who hyperventilated (N = 8, 20\%) during the experiment from the analysis, differences in breathlessness remained (BF10,baseline =1.283, BF10,rebreathing =126.812, BF10,recovery =751.282). For physiology and breathing patterns, all evidence pointed towards no difference between the two groups (0.307  BF10 \< 0.704). In summary, we found intact breathing patterns and physiology but increased symptom perception in patients with post-COVID syndrome.}, language = {en} }