@misc{HundtEngelSchnitzleinetal., author = {Hundt, Martin and Engel, Norman and Schnitzlein, Michael G. and Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {Combining the effects of pulping severity and alkali concentration to optimize the lignocellulose-based AlkaPolP biorefinery concept}, series = {Bioresource Technology}, volume = {166}, journal = {Bioresource Technology}, issn = {0960-8524}, doi = {10.1016/j.biortech.2014.05.050}, pages = {411 -- 419}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HundtSchnitzleinSchnitzlein, author = {Hundt, Martin and Schnitzlein, Michael G. and Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {Alkaline polyol pulping - a new process for utilization of lignocellulose as feedstock}, series = {Proceedings, 11th European Workshop on Lignocellulosics and Pulp, August 16 - 19, 2010, Hamburg, Germany}, booktitle = {Proceedings, 11th European Workshop on Lignocellulosics and Pulp, August 16 - 19, 2010, Hamburg, Germany}, publisher = {vTI}, address = {Hamburg}, pages = {333 -- 336}, language = {en} } @misc{HundtSchnitzleinSchnitzlein, author = {Hundt, Martin and Schnitzlein, Klaus and Schnitzlein, Michael G.}, title = {Alkaline polyol pulping and enzymatic hydrolysis of softwood: Effect of pulping severity and pulp properties on cellulase activity and overall sugar yield}, series = {Bioresource Technology}, volume = {134}, journal = {Bioresource Technology}, issn = {0960-8524}, doi = {10.1016/j.biortech.2013.02.018}, pages = {307 -- 315}, language = {en} } @misc{HundtSchnitzleinSchnitzlein, author = {Hundt, Martin and Schnitzlein, Klaus and Schnitzlein, Michael G.}, title = {Alkaline polyol pulping and enzymatic hydrolysis of hardwood: Effect of pulping severity and pulp composition on cellulase activity and overall sugar yield}, series = {Bioresource Technology}, volume = {136}, journal = {Bioresource Technology}, issn = {0960-8524}, doi = {10.1016/j.biortech.2013.02.084}, pages = {672 -- 679}, language = {en} } @misc{HundtEngelSchnitzleinetal., author = {Hundt, Martin and Engel, Norman and Schnitzlein, Michael G. and Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {Alkalischer Polyolaufschluss als Basis f{\"u}r eine Lignocellulose-Bioraffinerie}, series = {Chemie Ingenieur Technik}, volume = {85}, journal = {Chemie Ingenieur Technik}, number = {5}, issn = {0009-286X}, doi = {10.1002/cite.201200116}, pages = {758 -- 763}, language = {de} } @misc{EngelHundtSchnitzleinetal., author = {Engel, Norman and Hundt, Martin and Schnitzlein, Klaus and Schnitzlein, Michael G.}, title = {Was kommt nach dem Erd{\"o}l? Der AlkaPolP-Prozess als Basis f{\"u}r eine lingocellulosebasierte Bioraffinerie}, series = {GIT Labor-Fachzeitschrift}, journal = {GIT Labor-Fachzeitschrift}, number = {4}, pages = {243 -- 245}, language = {de} } @misc{HundtEngelSchnitzleinetal., author = {Hundt, Martin and Engel, Norman and Schnitzlein, Klaus and Schnitzlein, Michael G.}, title = {The AlkaPolP process: Fractionation of various lignocelluloses and continuous pulping within an integrated biorefinery concept}, series = {Chemical Engineering Research and Design}, volume = {Vol. 107}, journal = {Chemical Engineering Research and Design}, issn = {0263-8762}, doi = {10.1016/j.cherd.2015.10.013}, pages = {13 -- 23}, abstract = {The implementation of a lignocellulose-based biorefinery requires an efficient fractionation of its raw material. For this purpose a comprehensive biorefinery concept has been developed based on alkaline polyol pulping (AlkaPolP). It exhibits a high degree of flexibility with respect to the extent of fractionation by adjusting easily controllable process parameters. As shown in this contribution, the AlkaPolP process can be successfully applied for a wide range of lignocellulosic biomass including hardwood, softwood, bark and grasses, all of which yielding high quality product fractions. With essentially complete delignification the obtained pulp fraction is easily degraded by cellulases. The produced hydrolysates are free of inhibitors and can be used as substrates for a variety of fermentation processes. Without further modification, the AlkaPolP lignin fraction can be readily applied as high value substrate for various processes as confirmed by extensive characterisations in industrial and research laboratories (Dynea, Fraunhofer Institute). The remaining product fraction resulting from the degradation of various polysaccharides is being recovered as carboxylic acids. Based on extensive experimental results up to mini-plant scale, an integrated biorefinery concept has been developed including a continuous pulping stage and a full scale recycling of process chemicals thus allowing operations in environmentally sensitive rural areas.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HuddarSchnitzleinStahmannetal., author = {Huddar, Mahesh M. and Schnitzlein, Klaus and Stahmann, Klaus-Peter and Barig, Susann}, title = {Slug Flow Capillary Reactor for Enzymatic Hydrolysis}, series = {Tagungshandbuch, Vortrags- und Diskussionstagung Biokatalyse: Neue Verfahren, Neue Produkte, 18. - 20. Mai 2009, Bad Schandau}, booktitle = {Tagungshandbuch, Vortrags- und Diskussionstagung Biokatalyse: Neue Verfahren, Neue Produkte, 18. - 20. Mai 2009, Bad Schandau}, publisher = {DECHEMA}, address = {Frankfurt a. M.}, language = {de} } @misc{KrautwaldSchnitzleinVorlop, author = {Krautwald, Judith and Schnitzlein, Klaus and Vorlop, Klaus-Dieter}, title = {Herstellung sphaerischer Napthalinpellets durch Abtropfen in eine waessrige Phase}, language = {de} } @misc{SchroeterSchnitzleinStahmann, author = {Schr{\"o}ter, Sandra and Schnitzlein, Klaus and Stahmann, Klaus-Peter}, title = {Impact of mass transport on the enzymatic hydrolysis of rapeseed oil}, series = {Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology}, volume = {99}, journal = {Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology}, number = {1}, issn = {1432-0614}, doi = {10.1007/s00253-014-5892-3}, pages = {293 -- 300}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BarigUtgenanntHeineetal., author = {Barig, Susann and Utgenannt, Stephan and Heine, Alexander and Reichardt, Christina and Klepel, Olaf and Schnitzlein, Klaus and Stahmann, Klaus-Peter}, title = {Por{\"o}ses Kohlenstoffmaterial zur Immobilisierung von Lipase-Vergleichende Messungen mit Methacryl-Beads}, series = {Chemie Ingenieur Technik}, volume = {88}, booktitle = {Chemie Ingenieur Technik}, number = {9}, issn = {1522-2640}, doi = {10.1002/cite.201650097}, pages = {S. 1243}, abstract = {Zur Immobilisierung von Enzymen kann man Tr{\"a}ger kaufen oder diese selbst herstellen. In fr{\"u}heren Arbeiten wurde ein Verfahren entwickelt, um hochpor{\"o}se Kohlenstoffmaterialien in beliebigen Dimensionen herzustellen. Als Modell-Enzym zur Immobilisierung wurde die Thermomyces lanuginosus Lipase (TLL) gew{\"a}hlt, die adsorptiv und kovalent an das Material sowie an zwei k{\"a}ufliche Tr{\"a}germaterialien auf Polymethacryl-Basis (Funktionalit{\"a}ten: Ethylendiamin- bzw. Diolgruppen)gebunden werden sollten. Es wurden Kohlenstoffgranulat (d = 125 -200 mm) und zylindrische Monolithe (h = 4 cm; d = 1 cm) synthetisiert. Die adsorptive Immobilisierung ergab am Kohlenstoffgranulat Aktivit{\"a}ten von bis zu 2,5Ug⁻¹ gegen{\"u}ber p-Nitrophenyl Palmitat (pNPP). Bei den zwei k{\"a}uflichen Materialien wurden Aktivit{\"a}ten von bis zu 1,8Ug⁻¹ erreicht. Mit der kovalenten Immobilisierung konnten Aktivit{\"a}ten von bis zu 10Ug⁻¹ am Kohlenstoffmaterial sowie dem Polymethacryl-Material (-OH funktionalisiert) gegen{\"u}ber pNPP erreicht werden. Das Kohlenstoffmaterial ist ein geeigneter Tr{\"a}ger f{\"u}r die TLL, der im Vergleich mit g{\"a}ngigen Materialien Aktivit{\"a}ten in der gleichen Gr{\"o}ßenordnung zul{\"a}sst. Das Porenvolumen des Materials sowie die Makroporosit{\"a}t k{\"o}nnten erh{\"o}ht werden, um Diffusions- und Durchstr{\"o}mungsbarrieren im Monolithen abzubauen.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{Schnitzlein, author = {Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {Modelling Radial Dispersion in Terms of the Local Structure of Packed Beds}, series = {Chemical reaction engineering beyond the year 2000, 16th International Symposium on Chemical Reaction Engineering, Cracow, Poland, 10 - 13 September 2000}, booktitle = {Chemical reaction engineering beyond the year 2000, 16th International Symposium on Chemical Reaction Engineering, Cracow, Poland, 10 - 13 September 2000}, address = {Gliwice}, isbn = {83-90415-14-3}, pages = {74 -- 75}, language = {en} } @misc{SchnitzleinOtto, author = {Schnitzlein, Klaus and Otto, Olaf}, title = {Thermowaage zur reaktionstechnischen Untersuchung heterogener Katalysatoren}, series = {Chemie Ingenieur Technik}, volume = {72}, journal = {Chemie Ingenieur Technik}, number = {6}, issn = {0009-286X}, pages = {631 -- 633}, language = {de} } @misc{SchnitzleinOtto, author = {Schnitzlein, Klaus and Otto, Olaf}, title = {Thermobalance for Kinetic Investigations of Heterogeneous Catalysts}, series = {Chemical engineering \& technology}, volume = {24}, journal = {Chemical engineering \& technology}, number = {9}, pages = {894 -- 897}, language = {en} } @misc{EisfeldSchnitzlein, author = {Eisfeld, Bernhard and Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {The influence of confining walls on the pressure drop in packed beds}, series = {Chemical Engineering Science}, volume = {56}, journal = {Chemical Engineering Science}, number = {14}, issn = {0009-2509}, pages = {4321 -- 4329}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchnitzleinThies, author = {Schnitzlein, Klaus and Thies, Jens}, title = {Reassessment of the concentration controlled recycle reactor for kinetic investigations of heterogeneous catalytic reactions}, series = {ECCE - 3rd European Congress of Chemical Engineering, Nuremberg 26 - 28 June 2001}, booktitle = {ECCE - 3rd European Congress of Chemical Engineering, Nuremberg 26 - 28 June 2001}, publisher = {DECHEMA}, address = {Frankfurt am Main}, language = {en} } @misc{Schnitzlein, author = {Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {The Impact of Fluid Dynamics on the Regeneration of Automotive Fiber Coil Filters III. Nonuniform Fluid Distribution}, series = {Chemical engineering \& technology}, volume = {24}, journal = {Chemical engineering \& technology}, number = {12}, issn = {0930-7516}, pages = {1281 -- 1287}, language = {en} } @misc{Schnitzlein, author = {Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {A Note on Factorial Designs for Kinetic Investigations of Heterogeneous Catalytic Reactions in Differential Recycle Reactors}, series = {Chemical engineering \& technology}, volume = {25}, journal = {Chemical engineering \& technology}, number = {8}, issn = {0930-7516}, pages = {819 -- 822}, language = {en} } @misc{SaulichSchnitzlein, author = {Saulich, Katja and Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {On-line Monitoring der lipase-katalysierten Hydrolyse von Raps{\"o}l}, series = {Forum der Forschung}, volume = {15}, journal = {Forum der Forschung}, number = {8}, issn = {0947-6989}, pages = {57 -- 60}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{ThiesSchnitzlein, author = {Thies, Jens and Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {Kinetische Untersuchungen von Reaktionssystemen mit inhibierenden Komponenten: Der Einfluß des Wassers bei der Methanoloxidation am Fe/Mo-Kontakt}, series = {3. Merseburger Fachtagung Automatisierung, Meßmethoden und Experimente in der chemischen Reaktionstechnik}, booktitle = {3. Merseburger Fachtagung Automatisierung, Meßmethoden und Experimente in der chemischen Reaktionstechnik}, publisher = {Verein Deutscher Ingenieure}, address = {D{\"u}sseldorf}, language = {de} } @misc{SchnitzleinRatte, author = {Schnitzlein, Klaus and Ratte, Thomas}, title = {The Impact of Fluid Dynamics on the Regeneration of Automative Fiber Coil Filters II. Direct and Indirect Interactions}, series = {Chemical engineering \& technology}, volume = {21}, journal = {Chemical engineering \& technology}, number = {2}, issn = {0930-7516}, pages = {179 -- 186}, language = {en} } @misc{SchnitzleinOtto, author = {Schnitzlein, Klaus and Otto, Olaf}, title = {Thermowaage mit intelligenter Gasdosiereinheit zur reaktionstechnischen Untersuchung heterogener Katalysatoren}, series = {Chemie Ingenieur Technik}, volume = {71}, journal = {Chemie Ingenieur Technik}, number = {9}, issn = {0009-286X}, pages = {S. 1056}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{LimbergSchnitzlein, author = {Limberg, Carsten and Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {Computergenerierte Modellsch{\"u}ttungen - eine Alternative zur experimentellen Ermittlung der lokalen Struktur von Partikelsch{\"u}ttungen}, series = {Corrosion monitoring - damit ein Schaden erst gar nicht entsteht, Dechema Jahrestagung Wiesbaden 11. und 12. November 2003}, booktitle = {Corrosion monitoring - damit ein Schaden erst gar nicht entsteht, Dechema Jahrestagung Wiesbaden 11. und 12. November 2003}, publisher = {GfKORR}, address = {Frankfurt am Main}, isbn = {3-935406-08-8}, pages = {305 -- 307}, language = {de} } @misc{Schnitzlein, author = {Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {Modelling radial dispersion in terms of the local structure of packed beds}, series = {Chemical Engineering Science}, volume = {56}, journal = {Chemical Engineering Science}, number = {2}, issn = {0009-2509}, pages = {579 -- 585}, language = {en} } @misc{MacheferSchnitzlein, author = {Machefer, Stephan and Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {Prozessmodellierung mit k{\"u}nstlichen neuronalen Netzen: Bedeutung des Daten-Preprocessing}, language = {de} } @misc{EisfeldSchnitzlein, author = {Eisfeld, Bernhard and Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {A new pseudo-continous model for the fluid flow in packed beds}, language = {en} } @misc{PapadokonstantakisMacheferSchnitzlein, author = {Papadokonstantakis, Stavros and Machefer, Stephan and Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {Variable selection and data preprocessing in NN modelling of complex chemical processes}, language = {en} } @misc{SaulichSchnitzlein, author = {Saulich, Katja and Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {On-line monitoring der lipasekatalysierten Hydrolyse von Raps{\"o}l}, language = {de} } @misc{MacheferSchnitzlein, author = {Machefer, Stephan and Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {Relevanz eines informationstheoretrischen Preprocessings bei der Prozeßmodellierung mit Neuronalen Netzen}, language = {de} } @misc{SaulichSchnitzlein, author = {Saulich, Katja and Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {Biokatalytische Hydrolyse von Raps{\"o}l zur Herstellung von Fetts{\"a}uren - Charakterisierung der mittleren umsatzabh{\"a}ngigen Gr{\"o}ße der Phasengrenzfl{\"a}che}, language = {de} } @misc{KrautwaldSchnitzlein, author = {Krautwald, Judith and Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {Entwicklung eines Thermogravimetrie-Reaktors zur reaktionskinetischen Untersuchung heterogen katalytischer Reaktionen}, language = {de} } @misc{MacheferSchnitzlein, author = {Machefer, Stephan and Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {Simple Determination of Segment Numbers for Complex Polymer-Solvent Systems}, language = {en} } @misc{MacheferSchnitzlein, author = {Machefer, Stephan and Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {Ideal Mixing Rules for the Viscosity of Complex Polymer-Solvent Mixtures: Assessment of Segment-Fraction Approximations}, language = {en} } @misc{MacheferHuddarSchnitzlein, author = {Machefer, Stephan and Huddar, Mahesh M. and Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {Effect of polymer admixtures on the growth habit of ionic crystals : Study on crystal growth kinetics of potassium dihydrogen phosphate in water/polyol mixtures}, series = {Journal of Crystal Growth}, volume = {310}, journal = {Journal of Crystal Growth}, number = {24}, issn = {0022-0248}, pages = {5347 -- 5356}, language = {en} } @misc{MacheferSchnitzlein, author = {Machefer, Stephan and Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {Experimental Study on the Effect of Polyol Admixtures on the Interfacial Tension of Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate in Aequous Solutions: Induction Time Experiments Versus Drop Shape Analysis}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchwidderSchnitzlein, author = {Schwidder, Sabine and Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {Vorhersage des lokalen statischen Holdups in Rieselbettreaktoren}, series = {Jahrestreffen Reaktionstechnik 2009, 8. - 10. Juni 2009, Festung Marienberg, W{\"u}rzburg}, booktitle = {Jahrestreffen Reaktionstechnik 2009, 8. - 10. Juni 2009, Festung Marienberg, W{\"u}rzburg}, publisher = {DECHEMA}, address = {Frankfurt am Main}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{SchwidderSchnitzlein, author = {Schwidder, Sabine and Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {Prediction of liquid flow distribution in trickle bed reactors in terms of liquid/solid properties}, series = {PRES 2010, CHISA 2010, 7th European Congress of Chemical Engineering, ECCE-7, 28 Aug. - 1 Sept. 2010, Prague, Czech Republic}, booktitle = {PRES 2010, CHISA 2010, 7th European Congress of Chemical Engineering, ECCE-7, 28 Aug. - 1 Sept. 2010, Prague, Czech Republic}, publisher = {AIDIC Servizi S.r.l}, address = {Milano}, isbn = {978-88-956080-5-1}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{KrautwaldSchnitzlein, author = {Krautwald, Judith and Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {Thermogravimetrie-Reaktor fuer reaktionstechnische Untersuchungen in konventionellen Thermowaagen bei definierten Stroemungsverhaeltnissen}, series = {Tagungshandbuch, Jahrestreffen Reaktionstechnik 2008, 18. - 20. Mai 2008, Festung Marienberg, W{\"u}rzburg}, booktitle = {Tagungshandbuch, Jahrestreffen Reaktionstechnik 2008, 18. - 20. Mai 2008, Festung Marienberg, W{\"u}rzburg}, publisher = {DECHEMA}, address = {Frankfurt am Main}, language = {de} } @misc{SchwidderSchnitzlein, author = {Schwidder, Sabine and Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {Predicting the static liquid holdup for cylindrical packings of spheres in terms of the local structure of the packed bed}, language = {en} } @misc{MacheferSchnitzlein, author = {Machefer, Stephan and Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {Inline Concentration Monitoring of Binary Liquid Mixtures in the Presence of a Dispersed Gas Phase with a Modified Speed of Sound Immersion Probe}, language = {en} } @misc{SchwidderMacheferSchnitzlein, author = {Schwidder, Sabine and Machefer, Stephan and Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {Konzentrationsmonitoring bei Gas/Fluessig-Reaktionen mittels einer modifizierten Schallgeschwindigkeits-Sonde}, language = {de} } @misc{BuchholzSchnitzlein, author = {Buchholz, Ina von and Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {Bestimmung von Dampf/Fluessig-Gleichgewichtsdaten mittels Differenzialkalorimetrie - Experiment und theoretische Validierung}, language = {de} } @misc{MacheferGrasemannSchnitzlein, author = {Machefer, Stephan and Grasemann, Martin and Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {Perspective for Extended Group-Contribution Methods for the Prediction of Activity Coefficients Accounting for Sterical Effects : Linking UNIFAC and the Group Vector Space Method}, series = {Industrial \& Engineering Chemistry Research}, volume = {47}, journal = {Industrial \& Engineering Chemistry Research}, number = {24}, issn = {0888-5885}, doi = {10.1021/ie800980m}, pages = {10080 -- 10085}, language = {en} } @misc{MacheferSchnitzlein, author = {Machefer, Stephan and Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {Modeling the Mean Ionic Activity Coefficient of Inorganic Salts in Complex Polymer/Water Mixtures : Application of the Segment e-NRTL Model}, language = {en} } @misc{MacheferSchnitzlein, author = {Machefer, Stephan and Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {Surface Specific Mixing Rule for Ionic Diffusion Coefficients at Infinite Dilution in Polymer/Water Mixtures}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchwidderHeinzelmannSchnitzlein, author = {Schwidder, Sabine and Heinzelmann, Norbert and Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {Interactive simulation program for the analysis and design of trickle bed reactors}, series = {CAMURE 8 \& ISMR 7, Naantali, Finland, May 22-25, 2011}, booktitle = {CAMURE 8 \& ISMR 7, Naantali, Finland, May 22-25, 2011}, publisher = {{\AA}bo Akademi University}, address = {Turku}, isbn = {978-952-12-2586-4}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchwidderSchnitzlein, author = {Schwidder, Sabine and Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {Predicting the static liquid holdup in trickle bed reactors in terms of the local structure of the packed bed}, series = {ISCRE 21, 21st International Symposium on Chemical Reaction Engineering, Sunday, June 13 - Wednesday, June 16, 2010, Philadelphia, PA, USA}, booktitle = {ISCRE 21, 21st International Symposium on Chemical Reaction Engineering, Sunday, June 13 - Wednesday, June 16, 2010, Philadelphia, PA, USA}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MuthSchmidSchnitzlein, author = {Muth, Marco and Schmid, Reiner P. and Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {Specific modifications to enhance sensitivity in null-ellipsometry}, series = {Book of abstracts, 8th Workshop Ellipsometry, March 10 - 12, 2014, Dresden, Germany}, booktitle = {Book of abstracts, 8th Workshop Ellipsometry, March 10 - 12, 2014, Dresden, Germany}, pages = {S. 84}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MuthSchmidSchnitzlein, author = {Muth, Marco and Schmid, Reiner P. and Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {Einfache Methode zur Steigerung der Empfindlichkeit in Null-Ellipsometrie}, series = {DPG Fr{\"u}hjahrstagung 2013 in Regensburg}, booktitle = {DPG Fr{\"u}hjahrstagung 2013 in Regensburg}, publisher = {DPG}, address = {Bad Honnef}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{HundtSchnitzlein, author = {Hundt, Martin and Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {The impact of pulp properties on the performance of enzymatic hydrolysis}, series = {Italic 6, Science \& Technology of biomasses: Advances and Challenges - Proceedings}, booktitle = {Italic 6, Science \& Technology of biomasses: Advances and Challenges - Proceedings}, isbn = {978-88-95688-65-7}, pages = {331 -- 334}, language = {en} } @misc{Schnitzlein, author = {Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {The Impact of Fluid Dynamics on the Regeneration of Automotive Fiber Coil Filters I. Prediction of Soot Distribution}, series = {Chemical Engineering \& Technology}, volume = {20}, journal = {Chemical Engineering \& Technology}, number = {5}, issn = {0930-7516}, doi = {10.1002/ceat.270200507}, pages = {317 -- 325}, language = {en} } @misc{PoplawskiLichtenbergerKeiletal., author = {Poplawski, Karoline and Lichtenberger, Janine and Keil, Frerich J. and Schnitzlein, Klaus and Amiridis, Michael D.}, title = {Catalytic oxidation of 1,2-dichlorobenzene over ABO3-type perovskites}, series = {Catalysis Today}, volume = {62}, journal = {Catalysis Today}, number = {4}, issn = {0920-5861}, doi = {10.1016/S0920-5861(00)00434-X}, pages = {329 -- 336}, language = {en} } @misc{BuchholzSchnitzlein, author = {Buchholz, Ina von and Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {Experimentelle Bestimmung von VLE-Daten mittels dynamischer Differenzialkalorimetrie}, series = {Chemie Ingenieur Technik}, volume = {79}, journal = {Chemie Ingenieur Technik}, number = {9}, issn = {0009-286X}, doi = {10.1002/cite.200750198}, pages = {1474 -- 1475}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{SchwidderSchnitzlein, author = {Schwidder, Sabine and Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {Analysis of liquid flow distribution and dispersion in trickle bed reactors - experiments and simulation}, series = {CAMURE 8 \& ISMR 7, Naantali, Finland, May 22-25, 2011}, booktitle = {CAMURE 8 \& ISMR 7, Naantali, Finland, May 22-25, 2011}, publisher = {{\AA}bo Akademi University}, address = {Turku}, isbn = {978-952-12-2586-4}, language = {en} } @misc{SchwidderSchnitzlein, author = {Schwidder, Sabine and Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {A new model for the design and analysis of trickle bed reactors}, series = {Chemical Engineering Journal}, journal = {Chemical Engineering Journal}, number = {207-208}, issn = {1385-8947}, doi = {10.1016/j.cej.2012.07.054}, pages = {758 -- 765}, language = {en} } @misc{Schnitzlein, author = {Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {Modeling radial dispersion in terms of the local structure of packed beds. Part II: Discrete modeling approach}, series = {Chemical Engineering Science}, volume = {62}, journal = {Chemical Engineering Science}, number = {18-20}, issn = {0009-2509}, doi = {10.1016/j.ces.2006.12.060}, pages = {4944 -- 4947}, language = {en} } @misc{MuthSchmidSchnitzlein, author = {Muth, Marco and Schmid, Reiner P. and Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {Ellipsometric study of molecular orientations of Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase at the air-water interface by simultaneous determination of refractive index and thickness}, series = {Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces}, volume = {140}, journal = {Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces}, issn = {1873-4367}, doi = {10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.12.024}, pages = {60 -- 66}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchmidMuthSchnitzlein, author = {Schmid, Reiner P. and Muth, Marco and Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {Adsorptionskinetik der Lipase Thermomyces lanuginosus an fluiden Grenzfl{\"a}chen mittels Ellipsometrie}, series = {Tagungsband, GVC-DECHEMA-Vortrags- und Diskussionstagung Bioverfahrenstechnik an Grenzfl{\"a}chen, Potsdam, 30. Mai - 1. Juni 2011}, booktitle = {Tagungsband, GVC-DECHEMA-Vortrags- und Diskussionstagung Bioverfahrenstechnik an Grenzfl{\"a}chen, Potsdam, 30. Mai - 1. Juni 2011}, publisher = {DECHEMA}, address = {Frankfurt, M.}, pages = {89 -- 90}, language = {de} } @misc{MuthRothkoetterPaproschetal., author = {Muth, Marco and Rothk{\"o}tter, Stefanie and Paprosch, Steven and Schmid, Reiner P. and Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {Competition of Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase with its hydrolysis products at the oil-water interface}, series = {Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces}, volume = {149}, journal = {Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces}, issn = {0927-7765}, doi = {10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.10.019}, pages = {280 -- 287}, language = {en} } @misc{SchroeterSchnitzlein, author = {Schr{\"o}ter, Sandra and Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {Enzymatic hydrolysis of rapeseed oil by thermomyces lanuginosus lipase: variation of continuous and dispersed phase in a slug flow reactor}, series = {Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology}, volume = {102}, journal = {Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology}, number = {11}, issn = {1432-0614}, doi = {10.1007/s00253-018-8902-z}, pages = {4799 -- 4806}, abstract = {This paper takes a look on the effects of mass transport limitation occurring in hydrolysis of rape seed oil by means of an interfacial activated lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosus. In order to carry out investigations for process optimization, the slug flow reactor was chosen in which a large interfacial area can be generated and the mass transport can be investigated individually for each phase. The choice of the capillary material determines the dispersed and the continuous phase. As shown by computational fluid dynamics simulation, the continuous phase is well mixed due to wall effects. The mixing patterns in the dispersed phase differ due to viscous forces between the phases. It was found that, at the same fluid velocities, the conversion in the glass capillary is higher than in the PTFE capillary. The surface-specific hydrolysis rate is used for comparison purposes, since the properties of the capillary are different. Increasing the velocity, the hydrolysis rate can be considerably increased in comparison to stagnant conditions. Already at a fluid velocity of 1 mm s-1, the hydrolysis rates increased to 2.3-fold in the glass capillary and moreover by a factor of 4 in the PTFE capillary.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchroeterSchnitzlein, author = {Schr{\"o}ter, Sandra and Schnitzlein, Klaus}, title = {Macrokinetic Analysis of Liquid-Liquid-Interfacial-Reactions in a Slug Flow Reactor}, series = {Jahrestreffen Reaktionstechnik 2017, W{\"u}rzburg, 2017}, booktitle = {Jahrestreffen Reaktionstechnik 2017, W{\"u}rzburg, 2017}, doi = {10.13140/RG.2.2.14159.38564}, abstract = {Interfacial reactions occur in heterogeneous reaction systems in which two immiscible phases containing the reactants are brought into contact. The catalyst is located at the phase boundary surface, so it is advantageous for high yields to generate a large interfacial area. Microreactors offer a possibility for this, they are characterized by their enhanced mass transfer, which leads to process intensification. Furthermore, here it is possible to optimize processes on a small scale and with little time effort. The fields of application range from reactive extraction of organic compounds over polycondensation to hydrolysis of esters. The slug-flow reactor used in this study is a micro scale capillary in which an aqueous phase and an organic phase are conveyed forming a continuous and a dispersed phase. This results in a high surface-to-volume ratio, which is predestined for the enzymatic reactions at interfaces. In the present study, a lipase from Thermomyces lanuginosus is bound to the interface, it is a water-soluble interface-active enzyme capable of cleaving the ester bond of triglycerides. However, the enzymatic hydrolysis is limited by mass transport and benefits from the accelerated supply and removal of the reaction species to or from the interface. A further influencing factor besides the mass transport is, however, the shear stress at the interface, which has a negative effect on the enzyme activity.1 The aim is to demonstrate these opposing effects and to analyze the macrokinetic, which includes the interactions of chemical reaction (microkinetics) and mass transport. Measurements were carried out at different flow velocities. In addition, the organic phase (rapeseed oil) and the aqueous phase (buffer with enzyme) could be adjusted as the continuous and the disperse phase or vice versa by selecting different capillary materials. As shown in a previous study, different flow profiles will be generated. Finally, the surfacespecific hydrolysis rate was determined from the measured fatty acid concentration and the calculated interfacial area. The oil or water sided flow profiles have an hugh effect on overall hydrolysis rate. So the overall hydrolysis rate increases when mass transfer in oleic phase is enhanced by choosing it as continuous phase, this could even compensate the negative effect of shear stress in aqueous phase.1 Furthermore, the flow profiles in the Slug-Flow Reactor can also be modeled very well in the CFD simulation. So this numerical study serves as an important basis for the explanation of the occuring phenomenons.}, language = {en} } @misc{DorneanuHeinzelmannSchnitzleinetal., author = {Dorneanu, Bogdan and Heinzelmann, Norbert and Schnitzlein, Klaus and Arellano-Garc{\´i}a, Harvey}, title = {A novel approach to modelling trickle bed reactors}, series = {Computer Aided Chemical Engineering}, volume = {51}, journal = {Computer Aided Chemical Engineering}, issn = {1570-7946}, doi = {10.1016/B978-0-323-95879-0.50047-3}, pages = {277 -- 282}, abstract = {In this contribution, the development of a toolbox for the simulation of trickle bed reactors based on a model able to account for the local properties of the liquid and gas flow in a packed bed at particle scale is introduced. The implementation uses a modular and flexible setup, with local liquid distribution considered as a function of the operating conditions and the physical properties of the three phases. Moreover, the impact of the local incomplete wetting on the conversion, as well as the mass transport and kinetics at both particle and reactor scale are accounted for. Furthermore, different particle geometries are considered, and the model is able to reliably predict the performance of the catalytic trickle bed reactors.}, language = {en} } @misc{MappasDorneanuHeinzelmannetal., author = {Mappas, Vassileios and Dorneanu, Bogdan and Heinzelmann, Norbert and Schnitzlein, Klaus and Arellano-Garc{\´i}a, Harvey}, title = {A unified modular framework for modeling multiphase reactors}, series = {Annual Meeting of Process Engineering and Materials Technology 2024}, journal = {Annual Meeting of Process Engineering and Materials Technology 2024}, language = {en} } @misc{DorneanuHeinzelmannSchnitzleinetal., author = {Dorneanu, Bogdan and Heinzelmann, Norbert and Schnitzlein, Klaus and Arellano-Garc{\´i}a, Harvey}, title = {BasMo - An interactive approach to modelling of trickle bed reactors}, series = {Jahrestreffen der "Prozess-, Apparate- und Anlagentechnik", 21.-22. November 2022, Frankfurt am Main}, journal = {Jahrestreffen der "Prozess-, Apparate- und Anlagentechnik", 21.-22. November 2022, Frankfurt am Main}, abstract = {The trickle bed reactor (TBR), in which gas and liquid flow downward through a packed bed to undergo chemical reactions, is a frequently used solution for industrial multiphase exothermic catalytic reactions (e.g., hydrogenation, oxidation, etc.) due to flexibility and simplicity of operation and large annual throughput (Tan et al., 2021). They have significant advantages with respect to other solutions, but they also show complex behaviour, with uncertainties in catalyst heterogeneity, packing, fluid flow, and transport parameters, resulting in its modelling being highly challenging (Azarpour et al., 2021). In this contribution, the development of an interactive toolbox for the simulation of TBRs, based on the work of Schwidder \& Schnitzlein (2012) is introduced. The implementation uses a modular and flexible setup, mirroring the multiscale nature of the phenomena tacking place in the reactor, from large scale of the reactor to the medium and low scale of the particle bed, fluid flow, as well as fluid-solid and fluid-fluid interactions, including chemical reactions. The toolbox enables implementation of complex geometries of the catalyst particles, enabled by a novel representation of the surface mesh. Validation using experimental data shows that the model is able to reliably predict the performance of the catalytic TBR.}, language = {en} } @misc{MappasDorneanuHeinzelmannetal., author = {Mappas, Vasileios K. and Dorneanu, Bogdan and Heinzelmann, Norbert and Schnitzlein, Klaus and Arellano-Garcia, Harvey}, title = {An efficient and unified modeling framework for trickle bed reactors : a modular approach}, series = {Chemie - Ingenieur - Technik : CIT}, volume = {97}, journal = {Chemie - Ingenieur - Technik : CIT}, number = {11-12}, publisher = {Wiley}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {1522-2640}, doi = {10.1002/cite.70035}, pages = {1110 -- 1126}, abstract = {Trickle bed reactors (TBRs) involve complex and multiscale dynamics that challenge their design, modeling, and optimization. Current approaches often suffer from high computational cost and limited scalability, restricting their applicability in large-scale cases. This work introduces a modular, computationally efficient framework to address these issues by systematically capturing key transport and reaction phenomena. Furthermore, it provides a critical review of existing modeling strategies for TBRs, outlining their strengths and limitations and highlighting opportunities for enhancement through modularization. By offering a structured and scalable approach, the proposed framework improves predictive capabilities and supports the development of optimized and adaptable reactor designs.}, language = {en} }