@misc{IashchenkoSchuettigBammertetal., author = {Iashchenko, Iryna and Sch{\"u}ttig, Wiebke and Bammert, Philip and Spallek, Jacob and Rattay, Petra and Schneider, Sven and Moor, Irene and Pischke, Claudia R. and Sundmacher, Leonie}, title = {Die Rolle der regionalen Gesundheitspolitik f{\"u}r die sozio{\"o}konomische Ungleichheit in der Inanspruchnahme der Gesundheitsleistungen}, series = {Gesundheitswesen}, volume = {84}, journal = {Gesundheitswesen}, number = {08/09}, publisher = {Georg Thieme Verlag}, doi = {10.1055/s-0042-1753865}, pages = {825}, abstract = {Einleitung Die J1 ist eine Vorsorgeuntersuchung, die f{\"u}r Kinder zwischen 12 und 14 Jahren empfohlen ist. Im Gegensatz zu den etablierten U1- bis U9-Untersuchungen f{\"u}r j{\"u}ngere Kinder mit Teilnahmeraten {\"u}ber 90\% liegt die Teilnahme bei der J1 bei etwa 40\%. Ein Grund f{\"u}r die mangelnde Teilnahme an der J1 ist die geringe Bekanntheit bei Eltern und Kindern. Mehrere Bundesl{\"a}nder haben Einladungswesen eingef{\"u}hrt, um Jugendliche zur Teilnahme an der J1 zu motivieren. Die Einladung „Dein Ticket zur J1" wurde Mitte 2017 in Bayern eingef{\"u}hrt. Das „Ticket" ist ein Informationsflyer {\"u}ber die J1 in einer jugendgerechten Gestaltung. Die vorliegende Analyse untersuchte, ob die regionale Informationskampagne zu einer Steigerung der Teilnahme an der J1 gef{\"u}hrt hat, ob die Effekte mit dem sozio{\"o}konomischen Status der Familie (SES) variieren und welche Meso-Ebene-Merkmale des Gesundheitssystems mit der J1-Teilnahme korrelieren. Methoden Um die Wirkung der Intervention zu untersuchen, wurden bundesweite anonymisierte Routinedaten der Techniker Krankenkasse aus den Jahren 2016-2018 sowie ein Difference-in-Differences-Design auf individueller Ebene verwendet. Unter der Annahme eines parallelen Trends auf Bundesl{\"a}nderebene wurde die J1-Teilnahme von 13- und 14-J{\"a}hrigen in Bayern mit anderen Bundesl{\"a}ndern vor und nach der Intervention verglichen. Zus{\"a}tzlich wurde die Analyse f{\"u}r die verschiedenen SES-Gruppen durchgef{\"u}hrt. Wir untersuchten auch, ob Faktoren auf Mesoebene des Gesundheitssystems mit der Teilnahme an der J1 korrelierten. Ergebnisse Die Einf{\"u}hrung von „Dein Ticket zur J1" erh{\"o}hte die Teilnahme an der J1 um 1 \%. Obwohl eine h{\"o}here Bildung und berufliche Stellung der Eltern positiv mit der J1-Teilnahme korrelierten, war der Effekt der Intervention bei Kindern aus Familien mit niedrigerem SES st{\"a}rker (Anstieg um 5 \%). Die Kinderarztdichte auf Kreisebene korrelierte zudem positiv mit der Teilnahme an der J1. Schlussfolgerung Die Intervention hat das Potenzial, die sozio{\"o}konomische Ungleichheit bei der Inanspruchnahme von Gesundheitsleistungen zu verringern, da die Effekte f{\"u}r Kinder aus Familien mit niedrigerem SES st{\"a}rker waren. Es bedarf jedoch weiterer Maßnahmen, um Jugendliche {\"u}ber die J1 und die damit verbundenen gesundheitlichen Vorteile zu informieren. Zuk{\"u}nftige Studien sollten untersuchen, von welchen weiteren Faktoren die Wirksamkeit der Intervention abh{\"a}ngt, wie z. B. die Art und Anzahl der Kommunikationskan{\"a}le.}, language = {de} } @misc{MayerHerrKleinetal., author = {Mayer, Alena and Herr, Raphael and Klein, Thomas and Wiedemann, Eva and Diehl, Katharina and Hoffmann, Stephanie and Blume, Miriam and Jepsen, Dennis and Sundmacher, Leonie and Andreas, Marike and Schneider, Sven}, title = {Socio-economic inequalities in body mass index among preschool children: do sports programs in early childhood education and care centers make a difference?}, series = {Frontiers in Public Health}, volume = {Vol. 11}, journal = {Frontiers in Public Health}, issn = {2296-2565}, doi = {10.3389/fpubh.2023.1079871}, abstract = {Background: Overweight in childhood is considered to be one of the most serious public health challenges. Many studies have investigated individual-level determinants of children's body mass index (BMI), yet studies exploring determinants at the meso-level are sparse. The aim of our study was to examine how a sports focus at early childhood education and care (ECEC) centers moderates the effect of parental socio-economic position (SEP) on children's BMI. Methods: We used data from the German National Educational Panel Study and included 1,891 children (955 boys and 936 girls) from 224 ECEC centers in our analysis. Linear multilevel regressions were used to estimate the main effects of family SEP and the ECEC center sports focus, as well as their interaction, on children's BMI. All analyses were stratified by sex and adjusted for age, migration background, number of siblings, and employment status of parents. Results: Our analysis confirmed the wellknown health inequalities in childhood overweight with a social gradient toward a higher BMI for children from lower SEP families. An interactive effect between family SEP and ECEC center sports focus was found. Boys with low family SEP not attending a sports-focused ECEC center had the highest BMI among all boys. In contrast, boys with low family SEP attending a sports-focused ECEC center had the lowest BMI. For girls, no association regarding ECEC center focus or interactive effects emerged. Girls with a high SEP had the lowest BMI, independent of the ECEC center focus. Conclusion: We provided evidence for the gender-specific relevance of sports-focused ECEC centers for the prevention of overweight. Especially boys from low SEP families benefited from a sports focus, whereas for girls the family's SEP was more relevant. As a consequence, gender differences in determinants for BMI at different levels and their interaction should be considered in further research and preventive measures. Our research indicates that ECEC centers may decrease health inequalities by providing opportunities for physical activity.}, language = {en} } @misc{SchneiderLambers, author = {Schneider, Sven and Lambers, Leen}, title = {Evaluation diversity for graph conditions}, series = {Journal of Logical and Algebraic Methods in Programming}, volume = {133}, journal = {Journal of Logical and Algebraic Methods in Programming}, issn = {2352-2216}, doi = {10.1016/j.jlamp.2023.100862}, abstract = {Graphs are used as a universal data structure in various domains. Sets of graphs (and likewise graph morphisms) can be specified using, e.g., the graph logic Image 1 of Graph Conditions (GCs). The evaluation of a graph against such a GC results in a Boolean satisfaction judgement on whether the graph is specified by the GC. The graph logic Image 1 is known to be as expressive as first-order logic on graphs. However, since infinitely many graphs exist, there are also infinitely many evaluations for each given GC. To support GC validation, testing, debugging, and repair, a suitable synthesis procedure generating a complete compact overview of how a given GC may be evaluated for possibly varying graphs is called for. In a previous paper, we generated such an overview for a given GC in the form of a complete finite set of diverse evaluations for varying associated graphs formally given by so called Evaluation Trees (ETs). Each of these ETs concretely describes how its associated graph is evaluated against the given GC by recording the executed evaluation steps. Moreover, these generated ETs and the given GC for which they are generated have the same underlying structure easing comprehensibility of the represented evaluation steps. The returned ETs are complete since each possible ET subsumes one of the returned ETs and diverse by not containing superfluous ETs subsuming smaller ETs. We now extend and refine this approach still solving the ET synthesis problem by (a) extending the graph logic GL allowing for the specification of a minimal number of graph patterns to be contained in specified graphs, (b) provide means to scale the size of the generated ETs up to a user-provided bound allowing for the generation of not just minimal ETs, (c) record the order of evaluations steps also for operators where the evaluation but not the operator itself defines such an order, and (d) generate ETs recording combinations of reasons for (non-)satisfaction of GCs where only single reasons were recorded before.}, language = {en} } @misc{HoffmannSanderRattayetal., author = {Hoffmann, Stephanie and Sander, Lydia and Rattay, Petra and Blume, Miriam and H{\"o}vener, Claudia and Schneider, Sven and Richter, Matthias and Pischke, Claudia R. and Sch{\"u}ttig, Wiebke and De Bock, Freia and Spallek, Jacob}, title = {Do family characteristics contribute to a socioeconomic gradient in overweight in early childhood? - Single mediation analyses of data from German preschool children}, series = {Preventive Medicine Reports}, volume = {33}, journal = {Preventive Medicine Reports}, issn = {2211-3355}, doi = {10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102178}, abstract = {Children's overweight is strongly associated with family socioeconomic position (SEP) and family characteristics (FC). There is limited research on the extent to which FC account for a socioeconomic gradient in childhood overweight. This study examined whether FC explain SEP differences in the prevalence of overweight. The study used baseline data of preschool-aged children from the German 'PReschool INtervention Study'. The sample (n = 872, 48\% girls) was recruited at kindergartens in Baden-W{\"u}rttemberg, Germany. Data included children's measured weight status and parents' reports on socioeconomic indicators (e.g., school education, vocational education, income) and FC. Variables represent main determinants of overweight (nutrition: sweets consumption in front of TV, soft drink consumption, regular breakfast, child sets table; physical activity: outdoor sports; parental role model). In single mediation analyses indirect effects of SEP on overweight were analysed (OR[95\%CI]). Preschool girls and boys with low parental education had higher odds for overweight than children with high parental education. Among boys, low levels of parental education contributed to the odds of overweight via indirect effects by both factors 'sweets consumption in front of TV' (OR = 1.31[1.05-1.59]) and 'no sports' (OR = 1.14[1.01-1.38]). Among girls, FC measured did not explain SEP differences in overweight. Family nutrition and parental/family physical activity contribute to inequalities in overweight among preschool boys, but not girls. Research is needed to identify FC that explain inequalities in overweight for both.}, language = {en} } @misc{StoltenowKoenigSchneideretal., author = {Stoltenow, Lara and K{\"o}nig, Barbara and Schneider, Sven and Corradini, Andrea and Lambers, Leen and Orejas, Fernando}, title = {Coinductive techniques for checking satisfiability of generalized nested conditions}, series = {35th International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR 2024), Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)}, journal = {35th International Conference on Concurrency Theory (CONCUR 2024), Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs)}, number = {311}, publisher = {Leibniz-Zentrum f{\"u}r Informatik}, address = {Schloss Dagstuhl}, doi = {10.4230/LIPIcs.CONCUR.2024.39}, pages = {39:1 -- 39:20}, abstract = {We study nested conditions, a generalization of first-order logic to a categorical setting, and provide a tableau-based (semi-decision) procedure for checking (un)satisfiability and finite model generation. This generalizes earlier results on graph conditions. Furthermore we introduce a notion of witnesses, allowing the detection of infinite models in some cases. To ensure completeness, paths in a tableau must be fair, where fairness requires that all parts of a condition are processed eventually. Since the correctness arguments are non-trivial, we rely on coinductive proof methods and up-to techniques that structure the arguments. We distinguish between two types of categories: categories where all sections are isomorphisms, allowing for a simpler tableau calculus that includes finite model generation; in categories where this requirement does not hold, model generation does not work, but we still obtain a sound and complete calculus.}, language = {en} }