@inproceedings{WollBaeslerFlisak, author = {Woll, Ralf and B{\"a}sler, Maurice and Flisak, Iwona}, title = {Qualit{\"a}t ohne Grenzen - Ein Unternehmensvergleich in der Grenzregion im Rahmen einer Benchmarking-Studie}, series = {Zielona G{\´o}ra - Chociebuż : historia społeczeństw i gospodarki}, booktitle = {Zielona G{\´o}ra - Chociebuż : historia społeczeństw i gospodarki}, publisher = {Zielona G{\´o}ra}, address = {Oficyna Wydawn. Uniw. Zielonog{\´o}rskiego}, isbn = {978-83-7481-183-5}, pages = {200}, language = {de} } @misc{BaeslerVoigtWoll, author = {B{\"a}sler, Maurice and Voigt, Matthias and Woll, Ralf}, title = {Analysing the Meaning of Quality Management in Cross-border Business Cooperations by using Benchmarking Methodology}, series = {The Asian Journal on Quality}, volume = {8}, journal = {The Asian Journal on Quality}, number = {2}, pages = {57 -- 68}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BaeslerBurkhardWoll, author = {B{\"a}sler, Maurice and Burkhard, Carina and Woll, Ralf}, title = {Developing of a Communication Concept for Product Development: Identifying the information need for conflict solvings in decision situations}, series = {Creating values for people, organizations and societies, 8th QMOD Conference, Palermo, June 29-July 1, 2005, proceedings}, booktitle = {Creating values for people, organizations and societies, 8th QMOD Conference, Palermo, June 29-July 1, 2005, proceedings}, publisher = {Palermo}, address = {University}, language = {en} } @misc{HaaseWoll, author = {Haase, Florian Vincent and Woll, Ralf}, title = {Assessment of Reliability Implementation in Manufacturing Enterprises}, series = {Management and Production Engineering Review}, volume = {7}, journal = {Management and Production Engineering Review}, number = {2}, issn = {2082-1344}, doi = {10.1515/mper-2016-0012}, pages = {12 -- 20}, language = {en} } @misc{HaaseWoll, author = {Haase, Florian Vincent and Woll, Ralf}, title = {Zeit ist Trumpf - Schnellere Fehlerkorrektur in der Produktion durch Analyse von Feldausf{\"a}llen}, series = {Qualit{\"a}t und Zuverl{\"a}ssigkeit}, volume = {61}, journal = {Qualit{\"a}t und Zuverl{\"a}ssigkeit}, number = {7}, issn = {0720-1214}, pages = {31 -- 33}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{PeplowskyRichterJacobitzetal., author = {Peplowsky, Stefan and Richter, Christian and Jacobitz, S. and Woll, Ralf}, title = {Individuality - A challenge for production and quality}, series = {Proceedings, 19th QMOD-ICQSS Conference International Conference on Quality and Service Sciences, Rom (Italy)}, booktitle = {Proceedings, 19th QMOD-ICQSS Conference International Conference on Quality and Service Sciences, Rom (Italy)}, editor = {Dahlgaard-Park, Su Mi and Dahlgaard, Jens J{\"o}rn}, publisher = {Lund}, address = {Lund University Library Press}, isbn = {978-91-7623-086-2}, pages = {1538 -- 1546}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{PeplowskyPueschelWoll, author = {Peplowsky, Stefan and P{\"u}schel, Louis and Woll, Ralf}, title = {What customers want? - Development of a software-based method to evaluate subjective requirement on the example of motorcycles}, series = {Proceedings, 19th QMOD-ICQSS Conference International Conference on Quality and Service Sciences, Rom (Italy)}, booktitle = {Proceedings, 19th QMOD-ICQSS Conference International Conference on Quality and Service Sciences, Rom (Italy)}, editor = {Dahlgaard-Park, Su Mi and Dahlgaard, Jens J{\"o}rn}, publisher = {Lund University Library Press}, address = {Lund}, isbn = {978-91-7623-086-2}, pages = {1522 -- 1537}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{WorlitzNoackWoll, author = {Worlitz, Jane and Noack, Felix and Woll, Ralf}, title = {How to Identify a Suitable Six Sigma Rollout Strategy}, series = {Proceedings, 19th QMOD-ICQSS Conference International Conference on Quality and Service Sciences, Rom (Italy)}, booktitle = {Proceedings, 19th QMOD-ICQSS Conference International Conference on Quality and Service Sciences, Rom (Italy)}, publisher = {Lund University Library Press}, address = {Lund}, isbn = {978-91-7623-086-2}, pages = {726 -- 746}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HaaseDierlHenkeetal., author = {Haase, Florian Vincent and Dierl, Adrian and Henke, Anna and Woll, Ralf and Sarradj, Ennes}, title = {Development of an experiment for impedance measurement of structured sandwich sheet metals by using a full factorial multi-stage approach}, series = {Proceedings, 19th QMOD-ICQSS Conference International Conference on Quality and Service Sciences, Rom (Italy)}, booktitle = {Proceedings, 19th QMOD-ICQSS Conference International Conference on Quality and Service Sciences, Rom (Italy)}, editor = {Dahlgaard-Park, Su Mi and Dahlgaard, Jens J{\"o}rn}, publisher = {Lund University Library Press}, address = {Lund}, isbn = {978-91-7623-086-2}, pages = {448 -- 462}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{RichGoldmannWoll, author = {Rich, Beatrice Monique and Goldmann, Christine and Woll, Ralf}, title = {Product Audits - Why we don't ask the customers?}, series = {Proceedings, 19th QMOD-ICQSS Conference International Conference on Quality and Service Sciences, Rom (Italy)}, booktitle = {Proceedings, 19th QMOD-ICQSS Conference International Conference on Quality and Service Sciences, Rom (Italy)}, editor = {Dahlgaard-Park, Su Mi and Dahlgaard, Jens J{\"o}rn}, publisher = {Lund University Library Press}, address = {Lund}, isbn = {978-91-7623-086-2}, pages = {229 -- 244}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HaaseGeithnerWoll, author = {Haase, Florian Vincent and Geithner, Fabian Paul and Woll, Ralf}, title = {Description of reliability content by using the ReliaLibrary web-database}, series = {Risk, Reliability and Safety: Innovating Theory and Practice, Proceedings of the ESREL 2016, Glasgow (United Kingdom)}, booktitle = {Risk, Reliability and Safety: Innovating Theory and Practice, Proceedings of the ESREL 2016, Glasgow (United Kingdom)}, editor = {Walls, Lesley and Revie, Matthew and Bedford, Tim}, publisher = {CRC Press}, address = {Boca Raton}, isbn = {978-1-138-02997-2}, pages = {2076 -- 2082}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HaaseReinholdWolletal., author = {Haase, Florian Vincent and Reinhold, Maximilian and Woll, Ralf and Wolf, Matthias and Seidlitz, Holger}, title = {Reliability capability assessment of cooperative networks using the example of developing demonstrators of structured materials}, series = {Risk, Reliability and Safety: Innovating Theory and Practice, Proceedings of the ESREL 2016, Glasgow (United Kingdom)}, booktitle = {Risk, Reliability and Safety: Innovating Theory and Practice, Proceedings of the ESREL 2016, Glasgow (United Kingdom)}, editor = {Walls, Lesley and Revie, Matthew and Bedford, Tim}, publisher = {CRC Press}, address = {Boca Raton}, isbn = {978-1-138-02997-2}, pages = {1323 -- 1329}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{RichPeplowskyWoll, author = {Rich, Beatrice Monique and Peplowsky, Stefan and Woll, Ralf}, title = {Machbarkeitsstudie zum Abgleich von Qualit{\"a}tsmaßst{\"a}ben}, series = {Heutige und zuk{\"u}nftige Herausforderungen an die Qualit{\"a}tswissenschaft in Forschung und Praxis ; Bericht zur GQW-Jahrestagung 2017 Erlangen}, booktitle = {Heutige und zuk{\"u}nftige Herausforderungen an die Qualit{\"a}tswissenschaft in Forschung und Praxis ; Bericht zur GQW-Jahrestagung 2017 Erlangen}, editor = {Otten, Heiner and G{\"o}tz, J{\"u}rgen and Pollak, Sebastian}, publisher = {FAU University Press}, address = {Erlangen}, isbn = {978-3-96147-021-1}, pages = {309 -- 327}, language = {de} } @misc{WorlitzStablerPeplowskyetal., author = {Worlitz, Jane and Stabler, Anne and Peplowsky, Stefan and Woll, Ralf}, title = {Video Tutorials: An Appropriate Way of Teaching QM Tools Applied with Software}, series = {Quality Innovation Prosperity}, volume = {20}, journal = {Quality Innovation Prosperity}, number = {2}, issn = {1335-1745}, doi = {10.12776/qip.v20i2.754}, pages = {169 -- 184}, abstract = {Purpose: The aim of this research is to verify the applicability of video tutorials for the improvement of software skills. Methodology/Approach: Video tutorial prototypes were created according to design criteria found in literature and tested as teaching material of selforganized/self-regulated learning. 65 students were parted in two groups and asked to work on an assignment concerning the use of quality tools in Microsoft Excel. One group used video tutorials and the other group was guided by a teacher. Before and after the assignment the students were asked to fill out a survey evaluating their software skills as well as the aid used during the test. Findings: The results of the survey do not show a significant difference between the evaluation of video tutorials and guidance of the teacher. Also the performance of both groups concerning the assignment was comparable. From these findings it can be concluded that video tutorials and classroom teaching are equal ways of teaching in the investigated field. Research Limitation/implication: The suitability of video tutorials for the application of quality-tools with the use of appropriate software has been confirmed. The results do not show conclusions about the extent to which video tutorials can be suitable for the mediation of complex issues. Follow-up studies are required for this purpose. Originality/Value of paper: The study demonstrates that video tutorials, as a form of self-organized/self-regulated learning, are suitable to improve skills in applying quality tools by using software.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{WorlitzHaschkePeplowskyetal., author = {Worlitz, Jane and Haschke, Dennis and Peplowsky, Michael and Peplowsky, Stefan and Woll, Ralf}, title = {FMEA Software comparison}, series = {20th QMOD Conference on Quality and Service Sciences, Helsing{\o}r (Denmark), 2017}, booktitle = {20th QMOD Conference on Quality and Service Sciences, Helsing{\o}r (Denmark), 2017}, isbn = {978-91-7623-086-2}, abstract = {Purpose Quality requirements, as per customer, are steadily rising. To meet these requirements it is extremely important for manufacturing and developing companies to implement an early detection and prevention of failures. A widely used method, the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is used to detect and avoid potential errors in the early development process and as well as to optimize the system as a whole. The FMEA team is led by a moderator, and is interdisciplinary and cross departmental. The FMEA is carried out according to a systematic approach. For the implementation and documentation of the results, special software is available. As a rule the system function and malfunction, structures of the product and or process are created in the form of tree diagram. Afterwards the failure, failure causes, failure outcome, and existing measures are recorded in a form. If necessary, other measures and responsibilities are defined. The special software used for this purposes is criticized for the complicated user interface restricted access to the result and the inflexibility of the tree structure. In 2005, the Chair of Quality Management developed an Excel template to carry out the FMEA and to document the results, and since then it has been constantly under development. Using standardized software, the training period should be reduced and the flexibility to the results should be increased. Instead of using tree structures, company specific product and process visual aids are implemented. Both methods are tested in order to see the suitability in different situations and to support the implementation of the FMEA as well as the documentation of the results. The programs IQ-RM PRO 6.5 from APIS and the Excel template Flex-FMEA 2.0 from the Chair of Quality Management are compared to each other. Methodology The investigation of the suitability for the methods to carry out the FMEA and the documentation of the results is done through student experimentation and followed by a written survey. The suitability assessment of the method is been investigated through the influence of the group size and the nature of the FMEA. The students are divided into groups with one group testing a FMEA using the IQ-RM PRO 6.5 from APIS and the other group using the Excel template Flex-FMEA 2.0 from the Chair of Quality Management. The group size and the nature of the FMEA varies. The objects of observation in the FMEA are not very complex and everyday relatable so that every participant is actively involved. Findings and Value of Paper The results show the impact of group size and nature of the FMEA in relation to the suitability assessment of both methods. It is interesting to examine the influence of other factors, for example, the experience of the participants or the complexity of the objects of observation on the suitability assessment. Through the investigation, situational specific recommendations for both methods can be deduced.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{RichGoldmannWoll, author = {Rich, Beatrice Monique and Goldmann, Christine and Woll, Ralf}, title = {Analysis of the need for product audit improvements in companies}, series = {Proceedings of the 20th QMOD Conference on Quality and Service Sciences, Helsingor (D{\"a}nemark)}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 20th QMOD Conference on Quality and Service Sciences, Helsingor (D{\"a}nemark)}, abstract = {Based on concepts, such as the Kano Model, it can be assumed that the customer needs for the same product, change over time. Furthermore, innovation and the continuous develop-ment of the state of the art change the demands on a product. This implies that it is neces-sary for companies to evaluate and develop their product audits. In a previous paper, the re-search need for product audit improvements based on changing customer requirements was investigated by a literature analysis and three expert interviews. The present study is the additional practice-oriented analysis of the need for further research. The objective of this study is to uncover the practice-oriented need for research in compa-nies in order to develop methods and procedures based on a theoretical and scientific level. Methodology/Approach: A questionnaire investigates the state of the art application-oriented problem in different industrial branches. Based on previous research the survey was developed online, which was sent to different companies, shared on social media platforms, and was available online for several month. Findings: The survey confirmed the theoretically determined need for research. Approximately 90 percent of the respondents have the opinion that product audits have to be developed contin-uously based on changing customer requirements. About 54 percent of the participants wish to receive methodological support because they do not know how to carry out an analysis of changing customer requirements. Research Limitation/implication: These findings are limited to the considered companies and industrial branches. Value of paper: The study shows the need for research of product audit improvement as well as the need for developing methods to compare quality scales of various target groups. This is the basis for feasibility investigations.}, language = {en} } @incollection{RichWorlitzPeplowskyetal., author = {Rich, Beatrice Monique and Worlitz, Jane and Peplowsky, Stefan and Woll, Ralf}, title = {I Spy, with My Little Eye: Quality Standards of Different Target Groups}, series = {Advances in Manufacturing}, booktitle = {Advances in Manufacturing}, editor = {Hamrol, Adam and Ciszak, Olaf Stanisław and Legutko, Stanisław and Jurczyk, Mieczysław}, publisher = {Springer International Publishing}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {978-3-319-68618-9}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-68619-6_82}, pages = {847 -- 856}, abstract = {According to the Kano model, companies would be required to use a continuous adaptation of audit criteria. If the ever-changing customer necessities are not neglected, the relevancy of defined audit criteria and the framework conditions of the production start for product audits cannot be permanently ensured. For this reason, companies should compare and adjust the quality standards of all concerning employees with that of the customer, so that the audit criteria can also be reconciled and adjusted accordingly. In this respect, a procedure for matching quality standards has been developed together with a vehicle manufacturer and a feasibility study has been carried out. The focus of the study was on possible differences regarding the detection of defects between the employees, dealers, and customers, as well as the recording and analysis of the visual focus areas. For the study, the participants had to complete a written questionnaire and make a practical defect detection directly on the vehicle. The study results have shown a variety of potentials for action that can be applied at other companies. These include the regular internal matching of the quality standards, the continuous training of the employees as well as the integration of the customers and their changing product requirements after the start of product production.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{WorlitzBrankeTroikeetal., author = {Worlitz, Jane and Branke, Marcus and Troike, Marie and Hettling, Laura and Woll, Ralf}, title = {The Contribution of Learning, Teaching and Assessment Activities to the Development of 21st Century STEM Competencies}, series = {2018 International Conference on Teaching, Assessment, and Learning for Engineering (TALE), 4-7 December 2018, Wollongong, NSW, Australia}, booktitle = {2018 International Conference on Teaching, Assessment, and Learning for Engineering (TALE), 4-7 December 2018, Wollongong, NSW, Australia}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway, NJ}, isbn = {978-1-5386-6522-0}, doi = {10.1109/TALE.2018.8615320}, pages = {316 -- 321}, abstract = {The aim of this research is to identify how learning, teaching and assessment activities promote the acquisition of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) competencies. Students of a statistical course were asked to evaluate the contribution of various learning, teaching and assessment activities to STEM relevant work activities. The course activities lecture, flipped classroom, project work, experiments, laboratory exercises and assessments are suitable to prepare for selected work activities. A mix of activities should be used.}, language = {en} } @misc{WorlitzKotalWoll, author = {Worlitz, Jane and Kotal, Janina and Woll, Ralf}, title = {Die Bereitstellung von Warteinformationen {\"u}ber digitale Anzeigetafeln und ihr Einfluss auf die Kundenzufriedenheit am Beispiel der station{\"a}ren Aufnahme in einem Krankenhaus}, series = {Potenziale K{\"u}nstlicher Intelligenz f{\"u}r die Qualit{\"a}tswissenschaft : Bericht zur GQW-Jahrestagung 2018 in N{\"u}rnberg}, journal = {Potenziale K{\"u}nstlicher Intelligenz f{\"u}r die Qualit{\"a}tswissenschaft : Bericht zur GQW-Jahrestagung 2018 in N{\"u}rnberg}, editor = {Schmitt, Robert H.}, publisher = {Springer Verlag}, address = {Berlin}, isbn = {978-3-662-60692-6}, pages = {17 -- 38}, abstract = {Untersuchungsziel: Immer mehr digitale Anwendungen helfen Dienstleistungsunternehmen, den Service f{\"u}r ihre Kunden zu verbessern. Durch Echtzeit-Informationen, bereitgestellt {\"u}ber digitale Anzeigetafeln oder Apps, sind Kunden und Kundinnen {\"u}ber Vorg{\"a}nge informiert. In Wartesituationen k{\"o}nnen {\"u}ber digitale Anzeigetafeln allgemeine Informationen, Warteposition, Wartedauer und Wartegrund kommuniziert werden. Diese Studie untersucht, welchen Einfluss die Bereitstellung von Warteinformationen auf die Wartezufriedenheit der Kunden hat und wie diese bereitgestellt werden sollten. Methode: Zur Untersuchung der Forschungsfrage wird ein Versuch in der station{\"a}ren Aufnahme von Patientinnen und Patienten eines Krankenhauses durchgef{\"u}hrt. An zwei Versuchstagen vor, und zwei Versuchstagen nach der Einf{\"u}hrung einer digitalen Anzeigetafel mit Warteinformationen werden Patientinnen und Patienten im Wartebereich mittels einer schriftlichen Befragung zu ihrer Wartezufriedenheit befragt. Ergebnisse und Implikationen: Aus wirtschaftlichen Gr{\"u}nden ist eine Wartezeit von null Minuten nicht immer geeignet. Statt die Reduzierung von Wartezeit zu betrachten, untersucht diese Studie, wie das Warten angenehm gestaltet werden kann. Untersuchungen zeigen, dass Warteinformationen die Wartezufriedenheit beeinflussen. Diese Studie zeigt am Beispiel der station{\"a}ren Aufnahme eines Krankenhauses, dass die Art der Bereitstellung von Warteinformationen bedeutsam ist. Bei der Bereitstellung sollte darauf geachtet werden, dass die Pr{\"a}sentation der Warteinformationen nicht zur visuellen und akustischen {\"U}berforderungen der Kunden f{\"u}hrt. Limitationen: Es wurde die Wartephase vor der Erstellung der Dienstleistung betrachtet. Die Untersuchungen sollten f{\"u}r andere Wartephasen und Branchen wiederholt werden. Folgeuntersuchungen sind erforderlich. Wert der Arbeit: Die Zufriedenheit der Kunden mit der Wartezeit beeinflusst die Gesamtbeurteilung der Dienstleistung. Die Studie zeigt, wie Warteinformationen die Kundenzufriedenheit steigern. Die Ergebnisse leisten einen Beitrag zur Steigerung der Wartezufriedenheit des Kunden und zur langfristigen Kundenbindung.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{BrankeSteinRichetal., author = {Branke, Marcus and Stein, Dylana and Rich, Beatrice Monique and Worlitz, Jane and Hettling, Laura and Woll, Ralf}, title = {Development of the Interests in Projects Between Regional Companies and Students in Quality Management}, series = {Proceedings, 21st QMOD-ICQSS Conference in Cardiff, 2018}, booktitle = {Proceedings, 21st QMOD-ICQSS Conference in Cardiff, 2018}, abstract = {Purpose The aim of the paper is to examine what type of improvement projects the companies in the region favor and how this focus has shifted in recent years. For this purpose, students' semester projects are analyzed in cooperation with the companies in the area of quality management. Derived from the projects and developments in the region will be made predictions to which future improvement projects companies will provide to students. In addition points are to be identified on which the students have to be specially prepared. Methodology Based on these data investigated whether the interest of companies in improvement projects has changed in the last 10 years. For this, the data are processed and grouped to see possible developments. Subsequently, the results will be compared with past and predicted regional development in the federal state of Brandenburg. From this it is estimated which future priorities could arise in the companies and on which situations the students have to be prepared. Findings The analysis shows that the projects are strongly geared on the success factors for companies, which are published in the media. It can be seen that companies want to implement the published success factors in the next 3 to 5 years. The companies are preparing for the future developments as an example increasing digitalization. Therefore, students must be able to respond to the challenges of digitalization strategies in the area of quality management. Research Limitation The results are limited to small and medium-sized enterprises considering the implementation of the improvement projects with the Six Sigma method. The results are specific to the economic context of the region and cannot be transferred globally. Value of paper The study shows that companies' focus on improvement projects has remained nearly the same over the last 10 years. This is justified by the fact that the companies investigated are active in the SME sector and often do not have the capacity for comprehensive quality management. Partly the quality management system is still under construction. The technical expertise still be developed there or a simple method for the SME sector should be created to improve their throughput.}, language = {en} } @misc{RichWorlitzGoldmannetal., author = {Rich, Beatrice Monique and Worlitz, Jane and Goldmann, Christine and Schulze, Mathias and Kazula, Stefan and Woll, Ralf}, title = {Preparing STEM Students for Leading Positions through Supervising Younger Students}, series = {2018 International Conference on Teaching, Assessment, and Learning for Engineering (TALE), 4-7 December 2018, Wollongong, NSW, Australia}, journal = {2018 International Conference on Teaching, Assessment, and Learning for Engineering (TALE), 4-7 December 2018, Wollongong, NSW, Australia}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway, NJ}, isbn = {978-1-5386-6522-0}, doi = {10.1109/TALE.2018.8615359}, pages = {835 -- 839}, abstract = {Social and leadership skills are often neglected during studies (especially in STEM subjects). It is precisely these skills that are urgently needed in professional life. The CoMeT "Concepts, Methods and Techniques for Project Management" module was developed to meet the need to acquire social and leadership skills. After a preliminary consideration an overview of the module is given. First, the teaching and learning concept is presented and insights into the seminar work are given. In addition to the competence-oriented examination methods, the integration of digital elements are presented. The continuous further development of the module, adapted to the needs of students and the economy, is a constant goal of the teachers. For this reason, there are already transmission possibilities of the module in planning. Instead of instructing groups of students in project work, pupils are to be introduced to science and study through small projects.}, language = {en} } @misc{KazulaRichHoeschleretal., author = {Kazula, Stefan and Rich, Beatrice Monique and H{\"o}schler, Klaus and Woll, Ralf}, title = {Awakening the Interest of High School Pupils in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics Studies and Careers through Scientific Projects}, series = {2018 International Conference on Teaching, Assessment, and Learning for Engineering (TALE), 4-7 December 2018, Wollongong, NSW, Australia}, journal = {2018 International Conference on Teaching, Assessment, and Learning for Engineering (TALE), 4-7 December 2018, Wollongong, NSW, Australia}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway, NJ}, isbn = {978-1-5386-6522-0}, doi = {10.1109/TALE.2018.8615418}, pages = {259 -- 265}, abstract = {This paper presents the application of a scientific project concerning variable aero engine inlets, which was conducted within the scope of a high school course over the period of two years. The motivation of developing variable aero engine inlets with a group of pupils is introduced. The approach that is utilised during that course and its implementation are described. The results and benefits of this project for pupils, supervisor, school and university are summarised, e.g. providing the pupils with necessary knowledge and assisting them with their career choices, potentially resulting in increased enrolment numbers and lower dropout rates in science, technology, engineering and mathematics study programmes. An overview of a follow-up project that enables a larger group of pupils and a yearly implementation of a similar course is given. Within the scope of that course, university students will supervise smaller scientific projects that are conducted by groups of pupils over the period of one semester, providing additional benefits for students' soft skills, e.g. communication and conflict management skills.}, language = {en} } @misc{WorlitzStablerWoll, author = {Worlitz, Jane and Stabler, Anne and Woll, Ralf}, title = {The usage of video tutorials, personal support and written instructions for knowledge acquisition and refreshment}, series = {Quality Innovation Prosperity}, volume = {22}, journal = {Quality Innovation Prosperity}, number = {2}, issn = {1338-984X}, doi = {10.12776/qip.v22i2.1065}, pages = {128 -- 138}, abstract = {Purpose: The target of this study is to reveal which aids used are the best method for acquiring knowledge. Especially by the use of Quality management tools regarding spreadsheets and statistics software. Therefore video tutorials, personal support and written instructions, as aids, are compared with and without time pressure. Methodology/Approach: Students of the quality management class participated in two tests in order to capture user behavior. In the first part the students (n = 56) were asked about their user behavior regarding aids after a project that lasted several months. In the second part the students (n = 40) were given two aids and captured which aids they are using. The duration period and the quality of the results were also documented. At the end of both tests, the students were asked about their future favorite aids. Findings: The first test revealed that 73\% of the students used the video tutorial as an aid for their work. In future situations the students would work with written instructions, as long as there is no time pressure. If time limitation is a factor, they would rather work with video tutorials again. The second test confirmed that using video tutorials allowed for a shorter duration period. 48\% were using the video tutorial while 38\% used the written instruction. The suitability rating of the aids as well as the quality of the result did not differ. In future situations, the students would work again with video tutorials with or without time pressure. Research Limitation/implication: The usage of video tutorials, personal support and written instructions for the application of Quality management tools with the use of appropriate software has been examined. The results do not show conclusions about the extent to which the aids are used for the mediation of complex issues. Follow-up studies are required for this purpose. Originality/Value of paper: Among these three aids with regard to time pressure, video tutorials as well as the personal support seem to be the most efficient. If time pressure was applied to the test setting, the video tutorial was preferred. In the considered setting the use of video tutorials is recommended.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{RichKretschmerGoldmannetal., author = {Rich, Beatrice Monique and Kretschmer, Daniel and Goldmann, Christine and Hettling, Laura and Brandt, Andreas and Woll, Ralf}, title = {Praxis-Oriented Teaching of Project Management Skills for STEM Students in Higher Education}, series = {2018 International Conference on Teaching, Assessment, and Learning for Engineering (TALE), 4-7 December 2018, Wollongong, NSW, Australia}, booktitle = {2018 International Conference on Teaching, Assessment, and Learning for Engineering (TALE), 4-7 December 2018, Wollongong, NSW, Australia}, publisher = {IEEE}, address = {Piscataway, NJ}, isbn = {978-1-5386-6522-0}, doi = {10.1109/TALE.2018.8615345}, pages = {829 -- 834}, abstract = {Nowadays more people work in small teams and projects than in the past. If the students enter the world of work after graduation, they should not only have specialist knowledge. They should know how to plan and implement projects and how to work in teams in a goal-oriented manner. The developed teaching and learning concept combines practice-oriented knowledge transfer by using digital elements. Through the methods game-based-learning, project-based-learning and role-playing the module was didactically prepared according to the requirements. Due to the interdisciplinary orientation, the module is very suitable for STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Math) students with ISCED (International Standard Classification of Education) level 6 or 7. The teaching concept was developed at the Brandenburg University of Technology and has been enthusiastically accepted by students for several years.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{WorlitzReichlWoll, author = {Worlitz, Jane and Reichl, Sebastian and Woll, Ralf}, title = {How long are you ready to wait? - How our experience influences our expectation}, series = {Proceedings, 21st QMOD-ICQSS Conference in Cardiff, 2018}, booktitle = {Proceedings, 21st QMOD-ICQSS Conference in Cardiff, 2018}, abstract = {Purpose: Customers are willing to wait for services. But how long? When are customers satisfied or dissatisfied with the waiting time and how should companies organize their waiting times? How do waiting experiences influence expectations and satisfactions? According to the assumptions of the expectation disconfirmation theory, customer satisfaction arises when the expectations of the service are fulfilled or exceeded. The aim of this study is to examine whether waiting experiences influence expectations and thus customer satisfaction. A further objective is to investigate the relationship between waiting experiences and acceptable waiting time. Methodology/Approach: 57 students of a course of the Brandenburg University of Technology took part in a 2-day trial. The actual purpose of the trial was not disclosed. Instead, students were given appointments to evaluate the quality of vehicle surfaces. After arriving to their appointments, they either waited 0 minutes, 5 minutes or 20 minutes alone in a room. On the second day, they waited the same length, longer or shorter under the same conditions. Students answered a questionnaire about their waiting satisfaction right after their waiting period. Supplementary questions distracted them from the actual aim of the questionnaire. Finally, the students evaluated the quality of vehicle surfaces on both days. The specified waiting times of 0 minutes, 5 minutes and 20 minutes were defined by the results of a pretest. The course was asked about its satisfaction with different waiting times. The times represent the transitions from very satisfied (0 minutes) with the waiting time, to satisfied (from 5 minutes) to dissatisfied (20 minutes). Findings: It can be stated that an acceptable waiting time describes a time which causes neither satisfaction, nor dissatisfaction. Already experienced waiting time affects expectations of a future waiting situation. Students who repeatedly waited 20 minutes were less dissatisfied with the waiting time than students who previously waited 0 or 5 minutes. Implication/Research Limitation: It is recommended to keep the waiting time constant. Strong variations in waiting time leads to particularly strong dissatisfaction of the customers and this can lead to avoiding the company. The study does not deal with strategies to reduce waiting time. For economic reasons, a target value of 0 minutes is not always useful. The acceptable waiting time can be used to determine the targeted waiting time. In addition, other factors such as the competitive situation should be taken into account. The results are based on an experiment. Therefore, the examination should be repeated in different waiting environments. Follow-up studies are required. Originality/Value of paper: The satisfaction of the customers regarding the waiting time is very important in order to bind customers to their company on a long-term basis. On the one hand the study gives advices for the organization of waiting times. On the other hand, the study gives an approach for the record of target values for waiting times. By using these advices, service companies can increase the waiting satisfaction of their customers and increase the long-term customer loyalty.}, language = {en} } @misc{RichHuelseWoll, author = {Rich, Beatrice Monique and H{\"u}lse, Max and Woll, Ralf}, title = {The first impression counts: View area investigations on vehicles}, series = {Proc. 22nd Quality Manage. and Organisational Develop. Int. Conf. on Quality and Service Sciences}, journal = {Proc. 22nd Quality Manage. and Organisational Develop. Int. Conf. on Quality and Service Sciences}, abstract = {Purpose: Based on a request from a automobile manufacturer, a feasibility study was carried out to compare the quality standards of different target groups with regard to defect perception. The following question developed as a result of the study: Do customers subdivide products (especially vehicles) into visual areas which they assign different relevance to the perception and the significance of defects? Automobile manufacturers classify their vehicles into viewing areas in order to assess the significance of defects during the product audit better. The study has shown that customers attach a different significance to the areas of view than it is specified in the company standard. A customer can perceive a seemingly insignificant defect in viewing area C (below the vehicle) as extremely significant. In order to investigate this in more detail, a visual field inspection on vehicles was conducted. Methodology/Approach: The study was carried out on 2 consecutive days. The test persons were asked to put themselves into the "real" situation that they pick up their purchased new car and see it for the first time. The test persons were shown imperfections on varnish samples. They were asked to imagine that the shown imperfections were on the respective vehicles and to evaluate them on the prepared questionnaires. Each test person filled out one questionnaire for each imperfection. The evaluation took place on a scale with the following breakdown: I would not notice (green)/ I would notice, but would not annoy me (yellow)/ I would notice and it would annoy me (orange)/ I would notice and I would complain about (pink). Findings: Before the study was carried out, various hypotheses were formulated, which were either accepted or rejected based on the study results. For example, the position of the imperfection with respect to the driver's or passenger's side is not relevant for the evaluation of an imperfection. However, the gender of the test person has an influence on the evaluation. Female test persons are somewhat more critical than males. The color of the car can also have an influence on the evaluation of imperfections. Research Limitation: The significance of the results may be limited by the selection of test persons. Most of them are still students. Furthermore, the test vehicles are of a certain brand and a certain type, so that a transferability of the results to other vehicle types could be critically discussed. The developed study design works and should be repeated with a larger number of participants and possibly different vehicle types. Value of paper: Automobile manufacturers put enormous effort into the quality control of their vehicles. In terms of cost-benefit considerations, automobile manufacturers have to ask themselves: Do we use the right standards, criteria and methods for the quality control of our vehicles? Since customer orientation is becoming increasingly focused (f. ex. based on ISO 9001:2015 and the general competitive pressure), studies such as this one help to better understand customers and integrate their point of view into everyday production.}, language = {en} } @misc{BraunKuennemannRichetal., author = {Braun, Julia and K{\"u}nnemann, Stephanie and Rich, Beatrice Monique and Mißler-Behr, Magdalena and Woll, Ralf}, title = {Ver{\"a}nderung von Kundenanforderungen in der Automobilindustrie - Analyse von Experteninterviews}, series = {Datengetriebenes Qualit{\"a}tsmanagement : Bericht zur GQW-Jahrestagung 2019 in Aachen}, journal = {Datengetriebenes Qualit{\"a}tsmanagement : Bericht zur GQW-Jahrestagung 2019 in Aachen}, editor = {Schmitt, Robert H.}, publisher = {Springer Vieweg}, address = {Berlin, Heidelberg}, isbn = {978-3-662-62442-5}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-662-62442-5_9}, pages = {144 -- 161}, abstract = {Sich verk{\"u}rzende Produktlebenszyklen stellen Unternehmen vor große Herausforderungen. Durch den steigenden Wettbewerbsdruck und die zunehmende Vernetzung m{\"u}ssen Unternehmen in kurzer Zeit neue Innovationen generieren, um auf dem Absatzmarkt attraktiv zu bleiben. Die sich {\"a}ndernde Dynamik von Kundenanforderungen stellt dabei einen schwer einzusch{\"a}tzenden Einflussfaktor dar. Vor allem in der Automobilindustrie kann eine Verk{\"u}rzung der Produktlebenszyklen beobachtet werden. Um individuelle Unternehmensziele, wie bspw. geringe Entwicklungskosten, niedrige Produktionskosten und hohe Qualit{\"a}tsstandards einzuhalten, ist die gezielte Suche nach Optionen und Wegen zur Beherrschung von Variantenvielfalt und der Modellwechsel unerl{\"a}sslich. Hierbei ist auch die Kenntnis {\"u}ber die Ver{\"a}nderung der Kundenanforderungen im zeitlichen Verlauf von Vorteil. Aus diesem Grund werden diese anhand der Automobilindustrie genauer untersucht. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden Expertinnen und Experten befragt um aktuelle Kundenanforderungen zu identifiziert und die Ver{\"a}nderung deren Bedeutung im Zeitverlauf zu bewerten. Hierzu wird das Kano-Modell herangezogen und eine Zuordnung zu den Klassen Begeisterungsanforderungen, Leistungsanforderungen und Basisanforderungen zu unterschiedlichen Zeitpunkten vorgenommen. Die Auswertung der Untersuchung l{\"a}sst erste R{\"u}ckschl{\"u}sse bez{\"u}glich der Auswirkungen der sich {\"a}ndernden Kundeanforderungen auf die Dauer der Produktlebenszyklen in der Automobilindustrie zu.}, language = {de} } @misc{HannaskeRichMuelleretal., author = {Hannaske, Carolin and Rich, Beatrice Monique and M{\"u}ller, Matthias and Woll, Ralf}, title = {Deutsch-chinesiche Zusammenarbeit: Kulturelle Eigenarten machen den Unterschied in der Kommunikation}, series = {Qualit{\"a}t und Zuverl{\"a}ssigkeit : QZ}, volume = {64}, journal = {Qualit{\"a}t und Zuverl{\"a}ssigkeit : QZ}, number = {11}, issn = {0720-1214}, pages = {12 -- 14}, language = {de} } @misc{WorlitzVuHettlingetal., author = {Worlitz, Jane and Vu, Duy Linh and Hettling, Laura and Woll, Ralf}, title = {Perceived Waiting Time and Waiting Satisfaction: a Systematic Literature Review}, series = {Proceedings, 22st QMOD-ICQSS Conference in Krakau, 2019}, journal = {Proceedings, 22st QMOD-ICQSS Conference in Krakau, 2019}, pages = {27}, abstract = {Purpose: The waiting time of the customer has an impact on the quality evaluation of services. Therefore, strategies to reduce waiting time are required. In addition to strategies to reduce actual waiting time, strategies to reduce the perceived waiting time are investigated. Several factors influencing perceived waiting time and waiting satisfaction of customers. The purpose of the following research is to capture the current state of perceived waiting time and waiting satisfaction through a systematic literature review. Design/methodology/approach: Among other, the paper will answer the following questions. "In which industries are perceived waiting time and waiting satisfaction particularly frequently investigated?" "How does the interest of the topic change over time?" "Which factors influence perceived waiting time and customer waiting satisfaction?" The work presented in this paper is based on a systematic literature review of 152 empirical studies that were published on perceived waiting time and waiting satisfaction in academic databases from 1984 to 2018. Findings: Pre-process waiting is the waiting period before the service is provided. Pre-process waiting is considered in a large number of studies. The majority of the studies relate to the health sector. Mostly surveys were based on questionnaires. 121 different characteristics of factors were identified in the studies. Originality/Value of paper: Research results on the topic of perceived waiting time and waiting satisfaction were structured and presented thematically, by a systematic literature analysis. This provides the basis for further developments in the subject area. The results enable new ways to apply strategies to reducing perceived waiting time and increasing waiting satisfaction.}, language = {en} } @misc{WirsigWorlitzWoll, author = {Wirsig, Madlen and Worlitz, Jane and Woll, Ralf}, title = {Entwicklung des Qualit{\"a}tsmanagements in Brandenburg}, series = {Qualit{\"a}tskollegium Berlin-Brandenburg 2019}, journal = {Qualit{\"a}tskollegium Berlin-Brandenburg 2019}, address = {Berlin}, pages = {23}, abstract = {Das Ziel dieser Arbeit besteht darin, die Entwicklung des Qualit{\"a}tsmanagements in Bran-denburger Unternehmen aufzuzeigen (Betrachtungszeitraum 2015-2019). Zu diesem Zweck wird der aktuelle Stand des Qualit{\"a}tsmanagements in Brandenburger Unternehmen erfasst und mit Daten aus 2015 verglichen. Das Six Sigma Konzept erreicht im Brandenburger Land einen immer gr{\"o}ßer werdenden Bekanntheitsgrad unter den Unternehmensf{\"u}hrenden und Quali-t{\"a}tsmanagementbeauftragten, aber es kommt nur kaum bis gar nicht zur Anwendung. Die Umfragen lassen den Schluss zu, dass die meisten Unternehmen eher reine Qualit{\"a}tspr{\"u}fungs- und einfache Qualit{\"a}tslenkungskonzepte einsetzen. Aus technischer Sicht spielt die Digitalisierung dabei eine Rolle.}, language = {de} } @misc{KazulaRichHoeschleretal., author = {Kazula, Stefan and Rich, Beatrice Monique and H{\"o}schler, Klaus and Woll, Ralf}, title = {Interest High School Students in STEM Studies, while Preparing STEM Students for Leading Positions}, series = {2021 IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference}, volume = {2021}, journal = {2021 IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference}, isbn = {978-1-7281-8478-4}, doi = {10.1109/EDUCON46332.2021.9454011}, pages = {910 -- 914}, language = {en} } @misc{GoldmannWoll, author = {Goldmann, Christine and Woll, Ralf}, title = {Application of gamification elements in university education to improve the learning process}, series = {15th International Conference of Education, Research and Innovation, November 7th-9th, 2022, ICERI Proceedings}, journal = {15th International Conference of Education, Research and Innovation, November 7th-9th, 2022, ICERI Proceedings}, publisher = {IATED Academy}, address = {Valencia, Spain}, isbn = {978-84-09-45476-1}, issn = {2340-1095}, doi = {10.21125/iceri.2022}, pages = {3582 -- 3590}, abstract = {The learning process can be divided into the sub-processes of understanding, storing, retrieving, and using the acquired knowledge. The acquisition of knowledge takes place through facts and statements based on the subject matter and by repetition in exercises. Providing game elements in university teaching, students should be more motivated and deal with the teaching content more intensively. The knowledge imparted is to be prepared more attractively for the students and a greater bond to the respective module is to be built up. Game-typical elements can efficiently link the individual sub-processes of learning with each other and thus maximize a student's performance, knowledge level and motivation. Due to the Covid19 pandemic and the ever-advancing technology development, digital teaching and learning have become essential components of university teaching in the long run. Because quality management is a field that is closely related to practice, the focus is not only on teaching theoretical knowledge but also on practical relevance. The Chair of Quality Management offers the module Project Management every summer semester. The learning objective of the module is to enable students to plan projects and organize their implementation. The module Project Management consists of a lecture, a seminar, and a semester project. In the lecture, students are taught the basics of project management. In the seminar, students learn to select and apply project management methods for different problems. Practical exercises are supported by media and software demonstrations. In the semester project, students get together in groups and plan a project during the semester. The project is intended to help students practically implement the knowledge they have acquired in lectures and seminars. The topics are provided by the chair's corporate partners. To increase the realism of the projects, the handing out of an event card is linked to the interim deadlines. The event card implies an adjustment of already planned resources, activities and/or funds. To optimally adapt the gamification elements for the module, a target group analysis was first conducted as part of the research work. Based on the findings, an action plan was created on how the gamification approach could be transferred into the teaching concept of the module. After implementation, the module was examined further in the course of a teaching evaluation and a survey of the participating students. The main goal of the investigation was to find out to what extent game-typical elements promote the learning process and how practical projects support the learning process. On the one hand, the survey confirmed the promotion of motivation and the learning process by means of game-typical elements among the students. The results show that the creative and diverse way of conveying the learning material is accepted by the students. On the other hand, the study showed that too many of these elements can have a negative effect and a possible saturation effect occurs. Furthermore, the authenticity of the module or the chair may decrease. The results and knowledge from the research work flow into the adjustments of the module and are to be transferred to further modules of the chair in the future.}, language = {en} } @misc{GoldmannWolterWoll, author = {Goldmann, Christine and Wolter, Anja and Woll, Ralf}, title = {Identifying the challenges of communication within virtual teamwork}, series = {15th International Conference of Education, Research and Innovation, November 7th-9th, 2022, ICERI Proceedings 2022}, journal = {15th International Conference of Education, Research and Innovation, November 7th-9th, 2022, ICERI Proceedings 2022}, publisher = {IATED Academy}, address = {Valencia, Spain}, isbn = {978-84-09-45476-1}, issn = {2340-1095}, doi = {10.21125/iceri.2022.0881}, pages = {3609 -- 3615}, abstract = {In recent years, employees have increasingly been working remotely. Thus, virtual collaboration has continuously gained in importance and the associated change in work organization is realized in virtually collaborating teams. In particular, the communication that takes place under these conditions differs significantly from traditional face-to-face communication and plays a central role in virtual team collaboration. The challenges and opportunities that arise in this context were investigated in this study. The study focuses on identifying the challenges employees face at the communication level in their everyday work. To this end, opinion interviews were conducted with employees of virtually collaborating teams. Based on the identified challenges, a survey was carried out to initiate the analysis based on (quantitative) data collection. After data cleaning, a sample of 291 participants could be collected. From the results obtained, potential improvements for communication, both for the management positions as well as the employees of virtually collaborating teams were derived. The research confirmed that the communication effort in virtual teamwork is higher than in real teamwork. Furthermore, virtual communication has a significant influence on the factors team identification, miscommunication and the decision-making processes in the team. Other findings of the study are that individuals who work only in face-to-face teams are more skeptical of virtual collaboration. In contrast, individuals who work exclusively virtually are more open to virtual and face-to-face collaboration. The results suggest there are more challenges when comparing virtual to face-to-face communication. In addition to the broader findings, it can be seen that the increasingly digitized world of work impacts communication and poses challenges for virtually collaborating teams. In addition to media competence, it is additionally important in this context that individual team members have team- and technology-related skills. In addition to these prerequisites, virtually collaborating team members should be prepared for and continuously supported in virtual collaboration and virtual communication through training, workshops and courses. This can be counteracted by increased communication, soliciting feedback, and face-to-face meetings. The research suggests that transparent and traceable communication and collaboration processes should be implemented in practice.}, language = {en} } @misc{GoldmannRichHuelseetal., author = {Goldmann, Christine and Rich, Beatrice Monique and H{\"u}lse, Max and Woll, Ralf}, title = {Empirische Untersuchung der Akzeptanz verschiedener Antriebsarten von Automobilen in der Gesellschaft}, series = {Trends und Entwicklungstendenzen im Qualit{\"a}tsmanagement: Bericht zur GQW-Jahrestagung 2021 in Cottbus}, journal = {Trends und Entwicklungstendenzen im Qualit{\"a}tsmanagement: Bericht zur GQW-Jahrestagung 2021 in Cottbus}, editor = {Woll, Ralf and Goldmann, Christine}, edition = {1. Auflage}, publisher = {Springer Fachmedien}, address = {Wiesbaden}, isbn = {978-3-658-38685-6}, issn = {978-3-658-38686-3}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-658-38686-3_7}, pages = {115 -- 133}, abstract = {Ein wichtiger Aspekt beim Kauf eines Neufahrzeugs ist u. a. die Wahl der Antriebsart des Automobils. Um den neuen Umweltanforderungen aus Politik und Gesellschaft gerecht zu werden, m{\"u}ssen Unternehmen der Automobilbranche Anpassungsstrategien entwickeln und sich mit ihren Produkten neu ausrichten. Besonders sichtbar wird die Diskussion in Anbetracht der Endlichkeit fossiler Ressourcen f{\"u}r die Automobilbranche beim {\"U}bergang auf alternative Antriebsarten. Beim Auswahlprozess eines Fahrzeugs ist f{\"u}r die K{\"a}uferInnen u. a., die Wahl der Antriebsart eine mittlerweile grundlegende Fragestellung, welche in Zukunft weiter an Bedeutung zunehmen wird. Dabei wirken verschiedene Einfl{\"u}sse und Anforderungen auf den Auswahlprozess zur Antriebsart. Diese Einfl{\"u}sse und Kriterien werden im Rahmen der vorliegenden Studie untersucht. Ziel ist es, Treiber f{\"u}r die Anforderungsverschiebung bei den KundInnen zu identifizieren und Handlungsempfehlungen f{\"u}r das Anforderungsmanagement der Automobilbranche abzuleiten. Daf{\"u}r kommt neben einer Literaturrecherche eine Onlineumfrage zum Einsatz. In einer ersten Vorauswahl wurden mittels Literaturanalyse 11 Kriterien identifiziert. Zu diesen geh{\"o}ren unter anderem: die Wohnregion, das Geschlecht, die Zufriedenheit mit dem Versorgungsnetz und die Reichweite eines Automobils. Als Ergebnis aus der anschließenden Onlineumfrage kann festgehalten werden, dass die Wahl der Antriebsart von verschiedenen Faktoren abh{\"a}ngig ist und viel Spielraum f{\"u}r weitere Forschungsarbeiten bietet. Basierend auf der Datenauswertung sind vor allem personenbezogene Daten, wie Alter und Wohnregion eines Individuums, maßgebend bei der Wahl der Antriebsart. Zur Erreichung politischer Klimaziele, ist eine zuk{\"u}nftige nachhaltige Erh{\"o}hung der Akzeptanz alternativer Antriebe unumg{\"a}nglich. Daf{\"u}r bedarf es einer intensiven Einbindung der Nachfrageseite.}, language = {de} } @misc{FischerGruegerWoll, author = {Fischer, Tim Sebastian and Gr{\"u}ger, Lennart and Woll, Ralf}, title = {Additive Manufacturing: A Step-by-Step Guide}, series = {Industry 4.0 Science}, journal = {Industry 4.0 Science}, number = {1}, issn = {2942-6162}, doi = {10.30844/I4SE.23.1.80}, pages = {80 -- 88}, abstract = {New technologies have enabled additive manufacturing to construct components layer by layer using 3D model data. Machinery requirements for this are minimal, entailing only a welding device for energy input and a guiding machine to shape the component. Though there are clear benefits to the process, such as the cost-effective technology and high deposition rates, the complex interactions involved must receive due consideration.}, language = {en} } @misc{GruegerFischerWolletal., author = {Gr{\"u}ger, Lennart and Fischer, Tim Sebastian and Woll, Ralf and Buhl, Johannes}, title = {Absicherung von Risiken beim Prozess des Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing}, series = {Industry 4.0 Science}, volume = {2024}, journal = {Industry 4.0 Science}, number = {1}, issn = {2942-6154}, doi = {10.30844/I4SD.24.1.63}, pages = {63 -- 69}, language = {de} } @misc{GruegerFischerWolletal., author = {Gr{\"u}ger, Lennart and Fischer, Tim Sebastian and Woll, Ralf and Buhl, Johannes}, title = {Safeguarding Against Risks in the Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing Process}, series = {Industry 4.0 Science}, volume = {2024}, journal = {Industry 4.0 Science}, number = {1}, issn = {2942-6170}, doi = {10.30844/I4SE.24.1.63}, pages = {63 -- 69}, abstract = {In this article, the potential risks in wire arc additive manufacturing are analyzed using failure mode and effects analysis. To achieve this, 186 possible causes of risk were analyzed and the five most critical risks were discussed in detail. Four significant risk factors were identified in the construction process. The fifth risk relates to the shielding gas flow. This is only one influencing factor among the welding parameters, which have strong interactions with each other. Therefore, their relationships should be analyzed on the basis of numerous tests.}, language = {en} } @incollection{GruegerFischerWoll, author = {Gr{\"u}ger, Lennart and Fischer, Tim Sebastian and Woll, Ralf}, title = {Investigation of the Wire Arc Direct Energy Deposition-Process and Possible Interactions}, series = {Advances in Manufacturing IV}, volume = {2024}, booktitle = {Advances in Manufacturing IV}, editor = {Gapiński, Bartosz and Ciszak, Olaf Stanisław and Ivanov, Vitalii and Machado, Jose Mendes}, edition = {4}, publisher = {Springer Nature Switzerland}, address = {Cham}, isbn = {9783031564659}, issn = {2195-4356}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-56463-5_14}, pages = {176 -- 194}, abstract = {The Wire Arc Direct Energy Deposition (WA-DED) process is highly regarded as part of additive manufacturing. Compared to other additive manufacturing processes, it is characterized above all by its high deposition rate and low system costs. Despite many years of experience in the build-up welding process, WA-DED still holds a number of challenges in terms of process stability. This article analyses the interactions in the WA-DED process. To this end, the process was visualized and described with the help of Structured Analysis and Design Technique (SADT). Building on this, a process Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) was presented to identify and priorities risks. Finally, the results of the Taguchi tests were analyzed and visualized. The results illustrate the strong interactions between the influencing factors. These have a material-specific effect on the production results. Each new material composition therefore requires a systematic analysis in order to determine quantitative correlations. In future, these can be supported by machine learning approaches.}, language = {en} } @misc{FischerGruegerWoll, author = {Fischer, Tim Sebastian and Gr{\"u}ger, Lennart and Woll, Ralf}, title = {Modellierung von Einfl{\"u}ssen auf das Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing}, series = {Industrie Management 4.0}, journal = {Industrie Management 4.0}, number = {5}, issn = {2364-9208}, doi = {10.30844/IM_23-5_53-57}, pages = {53 -- 57}, abstract = {Das Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing, kurz WAAM, ist ein additives Fertigungsverfahren, welches metallische Bauteile auf Grundlage des Lichtbogenschweißens fertigt. Additive Fertigung ist laut DIN EN ISO/ASTM 52900 ein Prozess, welcher Bauteile aus 3D-Modelldaten schichtweise herstellt. Die grundlegenden Komponenten sind ein Schweißger{\"a}t, welches die ben{\"o}tigte Energie zum Schmelzen des Metalldrahts in den Prozess einbringt sowie eine F{\"u}hrungsmaschine, welche die vorgegebene Geometrie des Bauteils abf{\"a}hrt. Anwendungsbereiche sind Rapid Prototyping und Tooling, Direct Manufacturing und Additive Repair. Die gr{\"o}ßten Vorteile stellen die kosteng{\"u}nstige Anlagentechnik und die hohen Abscheidungsraten dar. Nachteilig am Verfahren sind die mangelnde Prozessstabilit{\"a}t und Wiederholgenauigkeit. Der Beitrag soll dazu dienen, den Fertigungsprozess des WAAM-Verfahrens {\"u}bersichtlich darzustellen, und dabei auf die komplexen Wechselwirkungen eingehen.}, language = {de} } @misc{GruegerWelzWoll, author = {Gr{\"u}ger, Lennart and Welz, Ulrike Franziska and Woll, Ralf}, title = {Vorstellung eines Leitfadens f{\"u}r schriftliche Befragungen}, series = {Nachhaltiges Qualit{\"a}tsdatenmanagement: Bericht zur GQW-Jahrestagung 2022 in Chemnitz}, journal = {Nachhaltiges Qualit{\"a}tsdatenmanagement: Bericht zur GQW-Jahrestagung 2022 in Chemnitz}, editor = {Gr{\"o}ger, Sophie}, publisher = {Springer}, isbn = {978-3-658-40587-8}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-658-40588-5_5}, pages = {78 -- 103}, abstract = {Schriftliche Befragungen gibt es in der heute bekannten Form seit den 1970er Jahren [1]. Inzwischen stellen Befragungen in der empirischen Forschung eine der h{\"a}ufig angewendeten Erhebungsmethoden dar [2]. Eine Vielzahl an Informationen existiert zum Thema Fragebogen und dessen Erstellung sowie zur Durchf{\"u}hrung und Auswertung der Befragung. Immer wieder stellen sich {\"a}hnlichen Fragen, die in einem kleinen Leitfaden beantwortet werden sollen. Die Durchf{\"u}hrung einer schriftlichen Befragung folgt h{\"a}ufig einem sehr {\"a}hnlichen Muster. Es existieren bereits Leitf{\"a}den wie „The Tailored Design Method" nach DILLMAN ET AL [3]. Dieser Leitfaden leistet Hilfestellung bei der Erarbeitung eines Fragebogens und verspricht eine hohe Datenqualit{\"a}t und Aussch{\"o}pfungsquote. Der Leitfaden besitzt jedoch keinen Abschnitt {\"u}ber die Datenauswertung [3]. Auf der letzten GQW - Tagung st{\"u}tzte sich ein großer Teil der Beitr{\"a}ge auf Befragungen. Mithin stellte sich die Aufgabe zur Entwicklung eines Leitfadens f{\"u}r Befragungen. Darin werden typische Problemstellungen wie der repr{\"a}sentative Stichprobenumfang, allgemeine Anforderungen an das Design und m{\"o}gliche Fehler adressiert. Zu diesem Zweck wird zun{\"a}chst die bereits vorhandene Literatur analysiert, zusammengefasst und anschließend ein Leitfaden daraus entwickelt. Ergebnisse einer Befragung sollten statistisch belastbar sein, damit abgesicherte Aussagen aus den Ergebnissen abgeleitet werden k{\"o}nnen. Der erstellte Leitfaden soll in die Lehrt{\"a}tigkeiten eingebaut werden und Studierenden bei der Durchf{\"u}hrung belastbarer Umfragen unterst{\"u}tzen. Auf diese Weise wird zur nachhaltigen F{\"o}rderung des Qualit{\"a}tsmanagements-Nachwuchses beigetragen.}, language = {de} } @techreport{GruegerSydowWolletal., author = {Gr{\"u}ger, Lennart and Sydow, Benjamin and Woll, Ralf and Buhl, Johannes}, title = {Design of a Cost-Effective and Statistically Validated Test Specification with Selected Machine Elements to Evaluate the Influence of the Manufacturing Process with a Focus on Additive Manufacturing}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.3390/met13111900}, pages = {49}, abstract = {Due to their versatile advantages, the use of additively manufactured components is growing. In addition, new additive manufacturing processes are constantly being developed, so that a wide range of printing processes are now available for metal. Despite the same starting material, the microstructure and thus also the final mechanical properties differ greatly compared to conventional processes. In most cases, only direction-dependent characteristic values from the uniaxial tension are used to qualify a printing process before it is used. The literature, on the other hand, demonstrates that the results are not transferable to other loading conditions. In this work, several engineering tests were integrated into a single test specimen so that they can be determined on the same specimen. The test specimen can be used to test tooth root strength, bending strength, notched bar impact energy, and thread strength depending on the mounting direction, thus representing industrial loading cases. In this study, test specimens were fabricated by conventional manufacturing (machining), L-PBF (Laser Powder Bed Fusion), and WA-DED (Wire Arc Direct Energy Deposition), and the results were compared using statistical methods. Factors to capture manufacturing influence and buildup direction were statistically validated on 316L. The work shows a benchmark with a typical initial microstructure of rolled and milled material, L-PBF, and WA-DED parts on loads close to the application and thus simplifies an industry-oriented evaluation of a new manufacturing process.}, language = {en} } @misc{NgansoYanguWaelderWoll, author = {Nganso Yangu, Ghislain Davy and W{\"a}lder, Konrad and Woll, Ralf}, title = {Eine Bewertung der Eignung g{\"a}ngiger Methoden zur technischen Risikoanalyse f{\"u}r die fr{\"u}he Phase der Produktentwicklung}, series = {Neue Methoden und Trends in der Qualit{\"a}tswissenschaft : Bericht zur GQW-Jahrestagung 2023 in Wuppertal}, journal = {Neue Methoden und Trends in der Qualit{\"a}tswissenschaft : Bericht zur GQW-Jahrestagung 2023 in Wuppertal}, editor = {Bracke, Stefan and Heß, Philipp}, publisher = {Springer Vieweg}, address = {Wiesbaden}, isbn = {978-3-658-45898-0}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-658-45899-7_11}, pages = {188 -- 208}, abstract = {Der globalisierte Wettbewerb wird durch die steigenden, volatilen Kundenanspr{\"u}che und gesetzlichen Rahmenbedingungen versch{\"a}rft. Dies fordert Unternehmen zur kontinuierlichen Verbesserung der Produktentstehungsprozesse sowie eingesetzten Methoden. Insbesondere die fr{\"u}he Phase der Produktentwicklung (PE) spielt, aufgrund der Tragweite m{\"o}glicher Entscheidungsfehler, eine entscheidende Rolle in der Produktentstehung (A. Albert, S. Rapp, C. Berk und N. Bursac, „Die Fr{\"u}he Phase der PGE - Produktgenerationsentwicklung," 25 09 2017. [Online]. Available: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320.023.869. [Zugriff am 18 09 2021]; F. Marthaler, V. Kutschera, J. Reinemann, N. Bursac und A. A., „Szenariobasierte Validierung von Produktprofilen in der Fr{\"u}hen Phase der PGE-Produktgenerationsentwicklung," 2019. [Online]. Available: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa2-369.165. [Zugriff am 02 05 2023]). In diesem Beitrag beginnt die fr{\"u}he Phase der PE mit dem Vorliegen der Produktanforderungen und endet mit der Festlegung des L{\"o}sungskonzeptes. Die in der fr{\"u}hen Phase auftretende Unsicherheit, aus der sich Risiken ergeben, l{\"a}sst sich durch ad{\"a}quaten Methodeneinsatz einschr{\"a}nken (N. Bursac, Model Based Systems Engineering zur Unterst{\"u}tzung der Baukastenentwicklung im Kontext der Fr{\"u}hen Phase der Produktgenerationsentwicklung, Karlsruhe: Karlsruher Institut f{\"u}r Technologie (KIT), 2016; T. Meyer und R. G., Engineering Risk Management, 3 Hrsg., Berlin/Boston: Walter de Gruyter GmbH, 2022; B. Verworn, Die Fr{\"u}he Phasen der Produktentwicklung: Eine empirische Analyse in der Mess-, Steuer- und Regelungstechnik, Deutscher Universit{\"a}ts-Verlag/GWV Fachverlage GmbH, Wiesbaden: Deutscher Universit{\"a}ts-Verlag/GWV Fachverlage GmbH, 2004). G{\"a}ngige Methoden zur technischen Risikoanalyse in der Automobilindustrie, wie die FMEA oder die FTA, werden auf ihre Eignung f{\"u}r die fr{\"u}he Phase der PE analysiert und bewertet (T. Zentis, A. Czech, T. Prefi und R. Schmitt, Technisches Risikomanagement in produzierenden Unternehmen, Aachen: Apprimus Verlag, 2011; F. Romeike und P. Hager, Erfolgsfaktor Risiko-Management 4.0, 4 Hrsg., Wiesbaden: Springer Gabler, 2020). Hierf{\"u}r werden sowohl die Besonderheiten der fr{\"u}hen Phase der PE als auch die Anwendungsvoraussetzungen und -ziele der jeweiligen Methoden aus der Literaturanalyse hergeleitet, die dann als Grundlage der Bewertung dienen.}, language = {de} } @misc{NgansoYanghuWaelderWoll, author = {Nganso Yanghu, Ghislain Davy and W{\"a}lder, Konrad and Woll, Ralf}, title = {Einflussbasierte Klassifizierung technischer Risiken in der fr{\"u}hen Phase der Produktentwicklung}, series = {Rethinking Quality - Wandel des Qualit{\"a}tsmanagements durch Digitalisierung und K{\"u}nstliche Intelligenz : Bericht zur GQW-Jahrestagung 2024 in Berlin}, journal = {Rethinking Quality - Wandel des Qualit{\"a}tsmanagements durch Digitalisierung und K{\"u}nstliche Intelligenz : Bericht zur GQW-Jahrestagung 2024 in Berlin}, editor = {Jochem, Roland and Meyer, Maurice}, publisher = {Springer Vieweg}, address = {Wiesbaden}, isbn = {978-3-658-47212-2}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-658-47213-9_15}, pages = {269 -- 291}, abstract = {Um technische Risiken in der Produktentwicklung (PE) handhaben zu k{\"o}nnen, existieren g{\"a}ngige Methoden in der Industrie wie die FMEA oder die FTA. Die Anwendung dieser Methoden setzt i. d. R. Randbedingungen wie die Verf{\"u}gbarkeit des detaillierten Wissens {\"u}ber das Produktkonzept oder viele Ressourcen voraus. Beide liegen in der fr{\"u}hen Phase der PE nicht oder nur eingeschr{\"a}nkt vor. Deswegen sind diese Methoden f{\"u}r die fr{\"u}he Phase der PE nicht vollumf{\"a}nglich geeignet [1]. In diesem Beitrag wird ein Ansatz am Beispiel der Automobilbranche vorgeschlagen, der die Identifikation, Analyse, Bewertung und Klassifizierung technischer Risiken unter Ber{\"u}cksichtigung der Randbedingungen der fr{\"u}hen Phase der PE erm{\"o}glicht. Zu diesem Zweck werden technische Risiken unmittelbar aus den Produktanforderungen systematisch abgeleitet. Im Anschluss werden Werkzeuge aus dem vernetzten Denken nach Vester und den verteilungsfreien Methoden der Statistik eingesetzt, um einerseits den Einfluss der Einzelrisiken innerhalb des Produktes zu bewerten und andererseits die Robustheit der Bewertungen zu steigern sowie m{\"o}gliche Szenarien zum Umgang mit den Risiken abzuleiten. Der Ansatz stellt eine nachvollziehbare und objektive Grundlage zur Priorisierung in der Maßnahmenplanung f{\"u}r die Behandlung technischer Risiken bereits in der fr{\"u}hen Phase der PE zur Verf{\"u}gung. Hierdurch wird der Entscheidungsprozess der fr{\"u}hen Phase der PE im Hinblick auf die technischen Risiken unterst{\"u}tzt.}, language = {de} }