@inproceedings{HirschRaab, author = {Hirsch, Florian and Raab, Thomas}, title = {The Finow soil - a stratigraphic marker or just a pedologic horizon?}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2017, Vienna, Austria}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2017, Vienna, Austria}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, abstract = {Palaeosoils indicate periods of landscape stability, and therefore warmer periods during the cold climate conditions of the Late Pleistocene, when pedogenic processes can shape the surface. Therefore, in Late Pleistocene glacial and periglacial deposits, palaeosoils are widely used as chronostratigraphic markers. However, in contrast to limnic archives the records in terrestrial sediments are often discontinuous or ambiguous. The so called Finow soil is commonly found as 5 to 15 cm thick and fossilized horizon, characterized by brunification and the illuviation of clay in the sandy deposits of Northern Central Europe. We present a micromorpological approach together with OSL ages, that contradicts the stratigraphic potential of the Finow soil and also questions the suitability of soil horizons formed by clay illuviation as stratigraphic markers.}, language = {en} } @misc{SutLohmannRaab, author = {Sut-Lohmann, Magdalena and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Quick detection and quantification of iron-cyanide complexes using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy}, series = {Environmental Pollution}, volume = {227}, journal = {Environmental Pollution}, issn = {0269-7491}, doi = {10.1016/j.envpol.2017.04.052}, pages = {64 -- 72}, abstract = {The continuous release of persistent iron-cyanide (Fe-CN) complexes from various industrial sources poses a high hazard to the environment and indicates the necessity to analyze a considerable amount of samples. Conventional flow injection analysis (FIA) is a time and cost consuming method for cyanide (CN) determination. Thus, a rapid and economic alternative needs to be developed to quantify the Fe-CN complexes. 52 soil samples were collected at a former Manufactured Gas Plant (MGP) site in order to determine the feasibility of diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier spectroscopy (DRIFTS). Soil analysis revealed CN concentrations in a range from 8 to 14.809 mg kg⁻¹, where 97\% was in the solid form (Fe₄[Fe(CN)₆]₃), which is characterized by a single symmetrical CN band in the range 2092-2084 cm-1. The partial least squares (PLS) calibration-validation model revealed IR response to CNtot which exceeds 2306 mg kg⁻¹(limit of detection, LOD). Leave-one-out cross-validation (LOO-CV) was performed on soil samples, which contained low CNtot (<900 mg kg⁻¹). This improved the sensitivity of the model by reducing the LOD to 154 mg kg⁻¹. Finally, the LOO-CV conducted on the samples with CNtot > 900 mg kg⁻¹ resulted in LOD equal to 3751 mg kg⁻¹. It was found that FTIR spectroscopy provides the information concerning different CN species in the soil samples. Additionally, it is suitable for quantifying Fe-CN species in matrixes with CNtot > 154 mg kg⁻¹. Thus, FTIR spectroscopy, in combination with the statistical approach applied here seems to be a feasible and quick method for screening of contaminated sites.}, language = {en} } @misc{KnoopDornackRaab, author = {Knoop, Christine and Dornack, Christina and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Nutrient and heavy metal accumulation in municipal organic waste from separate collection during anaerobic digestion in a two-stage laboratory biogas plant}, series = {Bioresource Technology}, volume = {239}, journal = {Bioresource Technology}, issn = {1873-2976}, doi = {10.1016/j.biortech.2017.05.026}, pages = {437 -- 446}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{KnoopDornackRaab, author = {Knoop, Christine and Dornack, Christina and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Trocknen oder Kompostieren? Auswirkung auf die D{\"u}ngeeigenschaften von G{\"a}rresten aus der Bioabfallverg{\"a}rung}, series = {Tagungsband 7. Wissenschaftskongress Abfall- und Ressourcenwirtschaft am 16. und 17. M{\"a}rz 2017 an der RWTH Aachen}, booktitle = {Tagungsband 7. Wissenschaftskongress Abfall- und Ressourcenwirtschaft am 16. und 17. M{\"a}rz 2017 an der RWTH Aachen}, editor = {Bockreis, Anke}, edition = {1. Auflage}, publisher = {Innsbruck University Press}, address = {Innsbruck}, isbn = {978-3-903122-78-9}, pages = {131 -- 135}, abstract = {Mit der Einf{\"u}hrung der fl{\"a}chendeckenden Getrenntsammlung von Bioabf{\"a}llen und im Zuge der F{\"o}rderpolitikentwicklung unter dem EEG wird ein verst{\"a}rkter Einsatz von Bioabf{\"a}llen in Biogasanlagen erwartet. Die G{\"a}rreste sollen im Sinne der Kreislaufwirtschaft als organischer Bodenverbesserer eingesetzt werden. Neben inhaltlichen Anforderungen schreibt die BioAbfV eine Hygienisierung der G{\"a}rreste vor. Dies kann im Anschluss an die Verg{\"a}rung durch Trocknung oder Kompostierung realisiert werden. Die vorgestellte Forschungsarbeit befasst sich mit Frage wie sich das gew{\"a}hlte Hygienisierungsverfahren auf die D{\"u}ngeeigenschaften der G{\"a}rreste auswirkt. F{\"u}r die Untersuchung wurden 3 G{\"a}rrestchargen aus einer 2-stufigen Biogasanlage (GICON-Biogastechnikum Cottbus) getrocknet (BTU Labor) und kompostiert (Kompostwerk Becker Umweltdienste). Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die getrockneten G{\"a}rreste einen h{\"o}heren Anteil an sehr schnell verf{\"u}gbaren, eluierbaren N{\"a}hrstoffen und Schwermetallen aufweisen. Der Nmin-Gehalt des getrockneten G{\"a}rrestes ist ebenfalls h{\"o}her. Durch die Kompostierung kommt es zur Aufkonzentration von Elementen im G{\"a}rrest. Diese weisen aber eine geringere Eluierbarkeit auf. Der Anteil an pflanzenverf{\"u}gbarem P ist im kompostierten G{\"a}rrest h{\"o}her. Auf die Verf{\"u}gbarkeit von K hat das Aufbereitungsverfahren keinen signifikanten Einfluss. Beide Aufbereitungsverfahren bieten Vor- und Nachteile im Hinblick auf die potentielle Wirkung des G{\"a}rrestes auf Boden- und Pflanzenentwicklung. Eine eindeutige Empfehlung f{\"u}r ein Aufbereitungsverfahren kann daher nicht gegeben werden.}, language = {de} } @misc{HirschRaabHelleretal., author = {Hirsch, Florian and Raab, Thomas and Heller, Sebastian and Bauriegel, Albrecht}, title = {Classification of pedogenic cementation in Podzols by pocket penetrometry}, series = {Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science}, volume = {180}, journal = {Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science}, number = {4}, issn = {1522-2624}, doi = {10.1002/jpln.201600395}, pages = {430 -- 435}, abstract = {According to the German Soil Taxonomy, the formation of cemented horizons in Podzols is restricted to the precipitation of iron oxides. However, in iron-poor sandy substrates, also illuviation of only organic compounds can form cemented horizons with penetration resistances of up to 14 kg cm-2. We present a reproducible field test for classifying pedogenic cementation in Podzols and suggest considering cemented horizons (Bmh and Bhm) in the upcoming edition of the Guidelines for Soil Mapping.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HirschBauriegelBonhageetal., author = {Hirsch, Florian and Bauriegel, Albrecht and Bonhage, Alexander and Schneider, Anna and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Fuchserden in Brandenburg - Vorkommen, Mikromorphologie und Bodenchemie}, series = {Abstracts der Jahrestagung der Deutschen Bodenkundlichen Gesellschaft, G{\"o}ttingen, 2017}, booktitle = {Abstracts der Jahrestagung der Deutschen Bodenkundlichen Gesellschaft, G{\"o}ttingen, 2017}, publisher = {DBG}, address = {G{\"o}ttingen}, pages = {1}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{HirschRaab, author = {Hirsch, Florian and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Der Finowboden - ein lokaler Pal{\"a}oboden?}, series = {Abstracts der Jahrestagung de Deutschen Bodenkundlichen Gesellschaft, G{\"o}ttingen, 2017}, booktitle = {Abstracts der Jahrestagung de Deutschen Bodenkundlichen Gesellschaft, G{\"o}ttingen, 2017}, publisher = {DBG}, address = {G{\"o}ttingen}, pages = {1}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{KnoopDietrichHeinrichetal., author = {Knoop, Christine and Dietrich, Nils and Heinrich, Martina and Dornack, Christina and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Degradation of soil amendments produced from municipal organic waste digestate during a two-year field study}, series = {25th European Biomass Conference and Exhibition, Stockholm, 2017}, booktitle = {25th European Biomass Conference and Exhibition, Stockholm, 2017}, isbn = {978-88-89407-17-2}, doi = {10.5071/25thEUBCE2017-4AV.2.14}, pages = {1720 -- 1723}, abstract = {The structural degradation of agricultural soils is an increasing problem of our times caused by intense land use. The treatment of soils with organic amendments shall maintain and improve long-term soil fertility. Solid residues from anaerobic digestion of municipal organic waste (MOW) are rich in nutrients and organic matter and have a promising potential to be used as soil amendment. Our research investigates the characteristics of differently treated amendments produced from MOW digestate. We want to know how long these amendments are present in the soil and which amendment type contributes most to nutrient provision after application. Results were obtained using four different MOW digestate amendments of one origin (loose, pelletized and agglomerated) during a 24-hours shaker-experiment and a bag-experiment on grassland, which was subsequently sampled over 21 months. Results show that short-term element leaching is higher from loose amendment and small agglomerates, probably caused by higher surface area und lower stability of these amendments. Biggest degradation effects can be seen 7 months after application to soil. However, all four amendments are still present after 21 months. Pelletized amendments are more degradation resistant than loose amendment, which may be advantageous regarding long-term effects e.g. on water holding capacity. In turn, loose material delivers a higher share of small organic particles to soil and may therefore have a higher contribution to humus development.}, language = {en} } @misc{HowardKnightGeareyetal., author = {Howard, Andy and Knight, David and Gearey, Ben and Kluiving, Sjoerd and Raab, Thomas}, title = {The Impacts of Climate and Environmental Change on the Historic Environment}, series = {The Historic Environment: Policy \& Practice}, volume = {8}, journal = {The Historic Environment: Policy \& Practice}, number = {2}, issn = {1756-7513}, doi = {10.1080/17567505.2017.1325158}, pages = {87 -- 88}, language = {en} }