@inproceedings{GerwinRaabSeifert, author = {Gerwin, Werner and Raab, Thomas and Seifert, Thomas}, title = {Analyzing initial geomorphologic processes and structures: An alternative remote sensing approach}, series = {EGU General Assembly 2010, held in Vienna, Austria, 02 - 07 May 2010}, booktitle = {EGU General Assembly 2010, held in Vienna, Austria, 02 - 07 May 2010}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, language = {en} } @misc{SproeteFischerVesteetal., author = {Spr{\"o}te, Roland and Fischer, Thomas and Veste, Maik and Raab, Thomas and Wiehe, Wolfgang and Lange, Philipp and Bens, Oliver and H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F.}, title = {Biological topsoil crusts at early successional stages on Quaternary substrates dumped by mining in Brandenburg, NE Germany}, series = {Geomorphologie: relief, processus, environnement}, volume = {16}, journal = {Geomorphologie: relief, processus, environnement}, number = {4}, issn = {1957-777X}, doi = {10.4000/geomorphologie.8083}, pages = {359 -- 370}, abstract = {The influence of biological soil crusts in natural ecosystems on structures and processes is well investigated. However, in South-Brandenburg (Germany), it is possible to study the development of biological soil crusts (BSC) during initial ecosystem genesis on two artificial water catchments with well-known ages and under differing starting conditions. The two experimental sites are located in the recultivation area of the lignite open-cast mining district of southern Brandenburg with a distance of approximately 1 km between them. Two different topographies were constructed at the experimental sites: the experimental plot at the catchment Neuer Lugteich was shaped like a dune, whereas the artificial water catchment H{\"u}hnerwasser was modelled as an inclined slope. The catchment Neuer Lugteich is four years older than H{\"u}hnerwasser. The original substrate at Neuer Lugteich is more sandy and carbonate-free compared to the original substrate dumped at H{\"u}hnerwasser. At both sites geomorphological differentiation and crust development were compared and the importance of substrate-dependent water availability and crust type clarified. Once settled, the crusts influenced the water regime of the soils by delaying infiltration through enhanced water repellency, and by limiting water infiltration. Chlorophyll analysis revealed that all crusts were at early stages of development. At Neuer Lugteich, the establishment of the biological soil crusts was closely associated with the vegetation succession, whereas no clear succession of the crusts could be observed at H{\"u}hnerwasser. The mosaic-like pattern of the biological soils crusts is associated with the distribution of fine-grained material here.zeige weniger}, language = {en} } @misc{HirschSproeteFischeretal., author = {Hirsch, Florian and Spr{\"o}te, Roland and Fischer, Thomas and Forman, Steven L. and Raab, Thomas and Bens, Oliver and H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F.}, title = {Late Quaternary aeloian dynamics, pedostratigraphy and soil formation in the North European Lowlands - new findings from the Baruther ice-marginal valley}, series = {Die Erde}, volume = {148}, journal = {Die Erde}, number = {1}, issn = {0013-9998}, doi = {10.12854/erde-148-30}, pages = {58 -- 73}, abstract = {The formation of dunes in central Europe reflects ample sediment supply during the last deglacial hemicycle. A Quaternary inland dune complex in southern Brandenburg, Germany, was studied to frame the duration of pedogenesis in two outcrops containing buried paleosols. An integrative approach, which combined geomorphological, sedimentological, pedological and chronological methods was used to identify aeolian deposition events, ensuing pedogenesis and anthropogenic remobilization. At the outcrops, which were situated approximately 2 km apart from each other, a total of twelve samples of the aeolian sands were dated using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and a further six samples using 14C dating. Although the dunes have similar morphological features, these forms have a different history of aeolian sand deposition and pedogenesis. At the older dune (Gl 1) the surface soil is a well developed Podzol, whereas soil development of the younger dune (Gl 2) is clearly in an initial state. The studied sites of the dune complex also differ in grain size distribution and in the presence of buried soils, thereby indicating a climatic impact on aeolian remobilization.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SproeteFischerVesteetal., author = {Spr{\"o}te, Roland and Fischer, Thomas and Veste, Maik and Lange, Philipp and Bens, Oliver and Raab, Thomas and H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F.}, title = {Hydrophobicity in sandy soils triggered by the development of Scots Pine stands in southern Brandenburg, Germany}, series = {EGU General Assembly 2010, held in Vienna, Austria, 02 - 07 May 2010}, booktitle = {EGU General Assembly 2010, held in Vienna, Austria, 02 - 07 May 2010}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SproeteFischerVesteetal., author = {Spr{\"o}te, Roland and Fischer, Thomas and Veste, Maik and Yair, Aaron and Wiehe, Wolfgang and Lange, Philipp and Bens, Oliver and Raab, Thomas and H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F.}, title = {Structures and processes of biological soil crusts during initial ecosystem genesis of an artificial watershed in Lusatia, NE Germany}, series = {EGU General Assembly 2010, held Vienna, Austria, 02 - 07 May 2010}, booktitle = {EGU General Assembly 2010, held Vienna, Austria, 02 - 07 May 2010}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SproeteVesteFischeretal., author = {Spr{\"o}te, Roland and Veste, Maik and Fischer, Thomas and Raab, Thomas and Bens, Oliver and H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F.}, title = {Development of biological soil crusts and their influence on soil hydrology in the recultivation area of lignite open-cast mining district in Lower Lusatia (Germany)}, series = {EGU General Assembly 2012, held 22-27 April, 2012 in Vienna}, booktitle = {EGU General Assembly 2012, held 22-27 April, 2012 in Vienna}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{FischerSproeteVesteetal., author = {Fischer, Thomas and Spr{\"o}te, Roland and Veste, Maik and Wiehe, Wolfgang and Lange, Philipp and Bens, Oliver and Raab, Thomas and H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F.}, title = {Functions of biological soil crusts on central European inland dunes:Water repellency and pore clogging influence water infiltration}, series = {EGU General Assembly 2010, held in Vienna, Austria, 02 - 07 May 2010}, booktitle = {EGU General Assembly 2010, held in Vienna, Austria, 02 - 07 May 2010}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SproeteBensFischeretal., author = {Spr{\"o}te, Roland and Bens, Oliver and Fischer, Thomas and Raab, Thomas and H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F.}, title = {Soil water repellency as a phenomenon of initial soil formation - approaches and first results from the Transregional Collaborative Reserch Centre (SFB/TRR) 38}, series = {EGU General Assembly 2009, held in Vienna, Austria, 19 - 24 April 2009}, booktitle = {EGU General Assembly 2009, held in Vienna, Austria, 19 - 24 April 2009}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SproeteVesteFischeretal., author = {Spr{\"o}te, Roland and Veste, Maik and Fischer, Thomas and Lange, Philipp and Bens, Oliver and Raab, Thomas and H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F.}, title = {Wie beeinflussen Kiefern (Pinus sylvestris L.) die Entwicklung der Benetzungshemmung auf Sandb{\"o}den?}, series = {B{\"o}den verstehen - B{\"o}den nutzen - B{\"o}den fit machen, Jahrestagung der Deutschen Bodenkundlichen Gesellschaft, 3. - 9. September 2011}, booktitle = {B{\"o}den verstehen - B{\"o}den nutzen - B{\"o}den fit machen, Jahrestagung der Deutschen Bodenkundlichen Gesellschaft, 3. - 9. September 2011}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{SproeteVesteFischeretal., author = {Spr{\"o}te, Roland and Veste, Maik and Fischer, Thomas and Lange, Philipp and Bens, Oliver and Raab, Thomas and H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F.}, title = {Development of biologicalsoil crusts in initial ecosystems in Lusatia, Germany}, series = {DBG Jahrestagung 2009 Bonn "B{\"o}den - eine endliche Ressource", 05.-13.09.2009, Bonn}, booktitle = {DBG Jahrestagung 2009 Bonn "B{\"o}den - eine endliche Ressource", 05.-13.09.2009, Bonn}, language = {en} } @misc{SutLohmannFischerRepmannetal., author = {Sut-Lohmann, Magdalena and Fischer, Thomas and Repmann, Frank and Raab, Thomas and Dimitrova, Tsvetelina}, title = {Feasibility of field portable near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy to determine cyanide concentrations in soil}, series = {Water, Air and Soil Pollution}, volume = {223}, journal = {Water, Air and Soil Pollution}, number = {8}, issn = {1573-2932}, doi = {10.1007/s11270-012-1298-y}, pages = {5495 -- 5504}, abstract = {Vicinities of manufactured gas plants were often contaminated with solid iron-cyanide complexes as a result of the coal gasification process. During the remediation of affected soils, knowledge about contaminant concentrations is crucial, but laboratory methods are often expensive and time consuming. Rapid and non-destructive field methods for contaminant determination permit an analysis of large sample numbers and hence, facilitate identification of 'hot spots' of contamination. Diffuse near infrared reflectance spectroscopy has proven to be a reliable analytical tool in soil investigation. In order to determine the feasibility of a Polychromix Handheld Field Portable Near-Infrared Analyzer (FP NIR), various sample preparation methods were examined, including homogenizing, sieving, drying, and grinding. Partial least squares calibration models were developed to determine near infrared (NIR) spectral responses to the cyanide concentration in the soil samples. As a control, the contaminant concentration was determined using conventional flow injection analysis. The experiments revealed that portable near-infrared spectrometers could be a reliable device for detecting cyanide concentrations >2,400 mgkg-1 in the field and >1,750 mgkg-1 after sample preparation in the laboratory.We found that portable NIR spectrometry cannot replace traditional laboratory analyses due to high limits of detection, but that it could be used for identification of contamination 'hot spots'.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{MykhailovaRaabGypseretal., author = {Mykhailova, Larysa and Raab, Thomas and Gypser, Stella and Fischer, Thomas}, title = {Development and hydrology of biological soil crusts -- first results from a surface inoculation experiment}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2016, Vienna, Austria, 17 April - 22 May 2016}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2016, Vienna, Austria, 17 April - 22 May 2016}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, language = {en} } @misc{SutLohmannFischerRepmannetal., author = {Sut-Lohmann, Magdalena and Fischer, Thomas and Repmann, Frank and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Long-Term Release of Iron-Cyanide Complexes from the Soil of a Manufactured Gas Plant Site}, series = {Journal of Environmental Protection}, volume = {4}, journal = {Journal of Environmental Protection}, number = {11B}, issn = {2152-2219}, doi = {10.4236/jep.2013.411A2002}, pages = {8 -- 19}, abstract = {Iron-cyanide (Fe-CN) complexes have been detected at Manufactured Gas Plant sites (MGP) worldwide. The risk of groundwater contamination depends mainly on the dissolution of ferric ferrocyanide. In order to design effective reme- diation strategies, it is relevant to understand the contaminant's fate and transport in soil, and to quantify and mathe- matically model a release rate. The release of iron-cyanide complexes from four contaminated soils, originating from the former MGP in Cottbus, has been studied by using a column experiment. Results indicated that long-term cyanide (CN) release is governed by two phases: one readily dissolved and one strongly fixed. Different isotherm and kinetic equations were used to investigate the driving mechanisms for the ferric ferrocyanide release. Applying the isotherm equations assumed an approach by which two phases were separate in time, whereas the multiple first order equation considered simultaneous occurrence of both cyanide pools. Results indicated varying CN release rates according to the phase and soil. According to isotherm and kinetic models, the long-term iron cyanide release from the MGP soils is a complex phenomenon driven by various mechanisms parallely involving desorption, diffusion and transport processes. Phase I (rapid release) is presumably mainly constrained by the transport process of readily dissolved iron-cyanide complexes combined with desorption of CN bound to reactive heterogeneous surfaces that are in direct contact with the aqueous phase (outer-sphere complexation). Phase II (limited rate) is presumably driven by the diffusion controlled processes involving dissolution of precipitated ferric ferrocyanide from the mineral or inner-sphere complexation of fer- ricyanides. CN release rates in phase I and II were mainly influenced by the pH, organic matter (OM) and the total CN content. The cyanide release rates increased with increasing pH, decreased with low initial CN concentration and were retarded by the increase in OM content.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SutLohmannFischerRepmannetal., author = {Sut-Lohmann, Magdalena and Fischer, Thomas and Repmann, Frank and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Feasibility of field portable near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy to determine cyanide concentrations in soil}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2013, Vienna, Austria, 07 - 12 April 2013}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2013, Vienna, Austria, 07 - 12 April 2013}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, abstract = {In Germany, at more than 1000 sites, soil is polluted with an anthropogenic contaminant in form of iron-cyanide complexes. These contaminations are caused by former Manufactured Gas Plants (MGPs), where electricity for lighting was produced in the process of coal gasification. The production of manufactured gas was restrained in 1950, which caused cessation of MGPs. Our study describes the application of Polychromix Handheld Field Portable Near-Infrared (NIR) Analyzer to predict the cyanide concentrations in soil. In recent times, when the soil remediation is of major importance, there is a need to develop rapid and non-destructive methods for contaminant determination in the field. In situ analysis enables determination of 'hot spots', is cheap and time saving in comparison to laboratory methods. This paper presents a novel usage of NIR spectroscopy, where a calibration model was developed, using multivariate calibration algorithms, in order to determine NIR spectral response to the cyanide concentration in soil samples. As a control, the contaminant concentration was determined using conventional Flow Injection Analysis (FIA). The experiments revealed that portable near-infrared spectrometers could be a reliable device for identification of contamination 'hot spots', where cyanide concentration are higher than 2400 mg kg-1 in the field and >1750 mg kg-1 after sample preparation in the laboratory, but cannot replace traditional laboratory analyses due to high limits of detection.}, language = {en} } @misc{RodionovNiiAnnangFischeretal., author = {Rodionov, Andrei and Nii-Annang, Seth and Fischer, Thomas and Gattinger, Andreas and Bens, Oliver and Raab, Thomas and H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F.}, title = {Cross-linked polyacrylates in post-mining substrates: persistence and effects on plant growth}, series = {Soil Use and Management}, volume = {30}, journal = {Soil Use and Management}, number = {1}, issn = {1475-2743}, doi = {10.1111/sum.12103}, pages = {78 -- 87}, abstract = {Application of hydrophilic polymers composed of cross-linked polyacrylate can improve soil water-holding capacity and accelerate the restoration of post-mining substrates. In this work, we studied the persistence of a polyacrylate polymer incorporated into a soil and its impact on plant nutrients at a reclamation site of former lignite mining in Lusatia (Germany). In contrast to autumn application, the incorporation of the polymer enhanced the sequestration of plant-derived carbon in the soil, which was reflected by a significant increase in the concentration of a lignin marker. Attenuated total reflexion-Fourier transform infrared spectra (ATR-FTIR) and total elemental contents in the applied polymer suggested an intensive cation exchange between the polymer framework and the soil-forming substrate. In addition, there was an enrichment of carbonaceous material, which seems to reduce the swelling and thus the water-holding capacity of the cross-linked polyacrylate. Conversely, this process protected the polymer structure from rapid decomposition.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchneiderGerkeMaureretal., author = {Schneider, Anna and Gerke, Horst H. and Maurer, Thomas and Nenov, Rossen and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Hydro-geomorphic differentiation of an artificial catchment during the initial phase of ecosystem development}, series = {AGU Fall Meeting 2011, San Francisco, Calif., 5-9 Dec. 2011}, booktitle = {AGU Fall Meeting 2011, San Francisco, Calif., 5-9 Dec. 2011}, pages = {H31A-1134}, language = {en} } @incollection{BachmannBensElmeretal., author = {Bachmann, Ute and Bens, Oliver and Elmer, Michael and Fischer, Thomas and Raab, Thomas and H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F.}, title = {Boden und Standortqualit{\"a}t}, series = {Nachhaltige Bewirtschaftung von Eichen-Kiefern-Mischbest{\"a}nden : im Spannungsfeld von Klimawandel, Waldumbau und internationalem Holzmarkt}, booktitle = {Nachhaltige Bewirtschaftung von Eichen-Kiefern-Mischbest{\"a}nden : im Spannungsfeld von Klimawandel, Waldumbau und internationalem Holzmarkt}, editor = {Elmer, Michael and K{\"a}tzel, Ralf and Bens, Oliver and Bues, Claus-Thomas and Sonntag, Herbert and H{\"u}ttl, Reinhard F.}, publisher = {oekom}, address = {M{\"u}nchen}, isbn = {978-3-86581-196-7}, pages = {31 -- 44}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{GerkeSchneiderMaureretal., author = {Gerke, Horst H. and Schneider, Anna and Maurer, Thomas and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Quantification and reconstruction of Initial 3D Sediment Mass Distribution in an Artificially-Created Catchment Area Using GOCAD}, series = {American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting - Eos transactions}, volume = {90}, booktitle = {American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting - Eos transactions}, number = {52, Suppl.}, abstract = {For systems such as soils or watersheds, the initial distribution of sediment mass and composition at the starting point of the development are mostly not well-known. The development of such systems, however, has frequently been assumed to depend on boundary and initial conditions including the solid phase. Here, an experimental watershed of about 6 ha surface area was artificially-created in order to imitate an initial stage just at the beginning of the geo-ecosystem development. However, sediment homogeneity could not be achieved for this large-scale field experiment, and the 3D spatial distribution of structures and components remained uncertain. The objective of this study was to quantify and reconstruct the initial sediment distribution and the first development stages using aerial photographs, point information, and a 3D model. The watershed was made of coarse-textured sediments of quaternary origin with a low permeable clay liner as the bottom boundary. A 2D horizontal digital elevation model (DEM) of the surface and a DEM of the subsurface clay layer are used to construct a 3D triangulated numerical grid of the catchment's initial spatial structure using the 3D-GIS software GOCAD. Physical and chemical soil properties obtained from borehole samples are assigned to this model and interpolated onto the 3D grid. The volumetric changes in space and time are quantified and related to material properties to obtain the mass changes. Correlations between terrain attributes, sediment properties, and mass changes are explored specifically in regions of differing source materials. A temporal sequence of surface DEMs is obtained from photogrammetric, high-precision ground based laser scanning and airborne laser scanning data. 3D models of elevation change are constructed from these DEMs. The processes following the initial state are mainly characterized by runoff-induced erosive mass relocations related to the distribution of surface and subsurface structures and sediment properties. The results suggest that both sediment structures and mass translocations differ between the western and eastern parts of the watershed and that correlations between initial surface structures and subsequent mass changes exist.}, language = {en} } @misc{HeinkenBlumroederAdhikarietal., author = {Heinken, Thilo and Blumr{\"o}der, Jeanette S. and Adhikari, Yojana and Balthasar, Cathrina and Binder, Anja and Birkhofer, Klaus and Bischoff, Antje and Brosinsky, Arlena and Bubner, Ben and Clerc, Danica and Djoudi, El Aziz and Dobkowitz, Sophia and Francke, Till and Gerwin, Werner and Hartong, Heinrich and Hess, Carsten and Jarling, Ren{\´e} and Jouy, Florent and Leinen, Loretta and Meißner, Andreas and Raab, Thomas and Repmann, Frank and R{\"o}nnefarth, Susanne and Schaaf, Wolfgang and Schirrmacher, Marina and Schmehl, Marie-Therese and Schmitt, Thomas and Schr{\"o}der, Jens and Sch{\"u}le, Maren and Sturm, Knut and Welle, Torsten and Ibisch, Pierre L.}, title = {PYROPHOB - A post-fire ecosystem research project to inform management for resilient forest development}, series = {Tuexenia}, volume = {44}, journal = {Tuexenia}, issn = {0722-494X}, doi = {10.14471/2024.44.004}, pages = {35}, abstract = {PYROPHOB (fire-resistant) is the name of an interdisciplinary research project that is running for five years from 2020 to 2025. In this project, eight institutions are investigating the ecological effects of wildfires and subsequent forest management strategies in pine forests (plantations) in Brandenburg (NE Germany), with the aim of formulating practical recommendations for managing fire-prone forests and the effective restoration of post-fire forest areas. We provide a brief overview of what is known about the effects of wildfire on abiotic and biotic parameters in temperate pine forests, as well as the effects of silvicultural treatments. To date, we know little about how different components of biodiversity are linked in post-fire forest ecosystems and how management affects their functioning. By describing the project, we illustrate the requirements for the implementation of such an applied research project. We emphasize the importance of the study design for dealing with interdisciplinary questions and for the quantitative synthesis of research results. The project comprises a set of standardised field plots in two wildfire areas covering different post-fire management options. Fifteen study sites were established, including two reference sites in unburned pine stands, each with ten study plots as replicates. In situ nitrogen mineralisation, litter decomposition tests and soil biological activity are used for soil biological characterisation. Microclimate data is measured continuously. Standing and lying dead wood and tree regeneration are recorded as key indicators of the success of forestry treatments. Further methods com-prise terrestrial laser scanning, remote sensing techniques as well as surveys of vegetation and above and below ground biomass. Identification of fruiting body-forming fungi, phytoparasites and ectomycorrhizal fungi is supported by marker gene sequencing. Faunistic indicators comprise predatory soil arthropods (pairs of emergence tents and soil traps), saproxylic beetles (flight traps and funnel traps), moths (automated window traps), mammals (camera traps), and breeding birds (visual and acoustic observation). We discuss the strengths and limitations of the project design. We are able to systematically capture short-term temporal shifts in parameters and trends in post-fire ecosystem development. Research in a real landscape with ongoing environmental changes and interventions pres-ents challenges for experimental design, data analysis and interpretation. The drivers of ecosystem development are rarely completely independent or perfectly balanced, and lack of replication is ine-vitable. The two fires did not occur in the same year and season, resulting in different initial conditions for the colonisation of the burned areas. Finally, a large part of one study area was again affected by a fire in 2022, which destroyed direct comparability with the other sites. Despite these obstacles the project has started to generate valuable results to address management and conservation challenges.}, language = {en} } @misc{HollaenderBiemeltRaabetal., author = {Holl{\"a}nder, Hartmut M. and Biemelt, Detlef and Raab, Thomas and Schoenheinz, Dagmar}, title = {Hydrological earth observatories and artificial catchments: From observation to modelling}, series = {Physics and Chemistry of the Earth}, volume = {36}, journal = {Physics and Chemistry of the Earth}, number = {1-4}, issn = {1873-5193}, doi = {10.1016/j.pce.2010.12.012}, pages = {1 -- 2}, language = {en} } @misc{KruemmelbeinBensRaabetal., author = {Kr{\"u}mmelbein, Julia and Bens, Oliver and Raab, Thomas and Naeth, M. Anne}, title = {A history of lignite coal mining and reclamation practices in Lusatia, eastern Germany}, series = {Canadian journal of soil science}, volume = {92}, journal = {Canadian journal of soil science}, number = {1}, issn = {1918-1841}, pages = {53 -- 66}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HirschRaab, author = {Hirsch, Florian and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Extending and simplifying the standard K{\"o}hn-pipette technique for grain size analysis}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April - 02 May 2014}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April - 02 May 2014}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, abstract = {Grain size distribution is a fundamental parameter to characterize physical properties of soils and sediments. Manifold approaches exist and according to the DIN ISO 11277 soil texture is analyzed by default with the combined pipette sieving and sedimentation method developed by K{\"o}hn.With this standard technique subfractions of sand and silt as well as the total clay content can be determined but the differentiation of clay subfractions is impossible. As the differentiation of the clay subfractions yields relevant information about pedogenesis, we present a protocol basing on standard techniques of granulometry with easy to handle and low cost equipment. The protocol was tested on a set of soil samples to cover the range of grain size distributions.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HirschRaab, author = {Hirsch, Florian and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Contradictory indications from terrestrial archives for the asynchronous LGM glaciation in the Central Spanish Pyrenees}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April - 02 May 2014}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April - 02 May 2014}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, abstract = {Studies from several Mediterranean sites suggest a nonuniform glaciation during the last glacial cycle. For the Pyrenees an asynchronous maximum ice extent compared to the global last glacial maximum (LGM) is controversially discussed. Our study sites are located in the Central Spanish Pyrenees, namely the Aragon and Gallego Valley. Both valleys are type locations for the Pleistocene glaciations and the early maximum ice extent for the Pyrenees was dated amongst other sites in the Gallego Valley to about 36 ka. Due to the potential time span since the earlier deglaciation compared to LGM sites from Central Europe we used a pedological and sedimentological approach to reconstruct the Late Quaternary landscape development. Our results indicate a considerable reshaping of the LGM landscape prior to the onset of the Holocene. The LGM tills are covered by a deposit with high content of fine sand and coarse silt. On the slopes the clasts in these fine-grained sediments are aligned parallel to the slope direction, whereas in the underlaying tills the clasts are aligned rectangular to the slope direction and therefore representing the direction of the Pleistocene glacier movement.We attribute the alignment of the clasts in the sediment covering the tills to solifluction induced by periglacial conditions. The high contents of coarse silt and fine sand are also characteristic for the eolian component in periglacial slope deposits. OSL datings suggest an age of about 14 ka for these sediments. Soil micromorphology shows that the periglacial deposits were not subject to intensive pedogenic processes prior to the sedimentation but that profiles are strongly affected by lessivation after deposition. Soil erosion is only evident during the Holocene and we associate these phases of soil erosion with the human impact. We found no indications for geomorphologic and pedogenic processes between the reported deposition of the LGM till around 36 ka and theperiglacial conditions dated in our study to about 14 ka.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchwabBrauerBlaszkiewiczetal., author = {Schwab, Markus and Brauer, Achim and Blaszkiewicz, Miroslaw and Raab, Thomas and Wilmking, Martin and Blume, Theresa}, title = {The Virtual Institute of Integrated Climate and Landscape Evolution Analyses - ICLEA}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April - 02 May 2014}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April - 02 May 2014}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, abstract = {The GFZ, Greifswald University and the Brandenburg University of Technology together with their partner the Polish Academy of Sciences strive for focusing their research capacities and expertise in a Helmholtz Virtual Institute for Integrated Climate and Landscape Evolution Analyses (ICLEA). The Coordination Team is based at the GFZ in Potsdam and consists of a permanent scientific manager and administrative personnel. ICLEA offers young researchers an interdisciplinary and structured education and promote their early independence through coaching and mentoring. Postdoctoral rotation positions at the ICLEA partner institutions ensure mobility of young researchers and promote dissemination of information and expertise between disciplines. Training, Research and Analytical workshops between research partners of the ICLEA virtual institute are another important measure to qualify young researchers.}, language = {en} } @misc{HirschRaab, author = {Hirsch, Florian and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Geophysical prospection on Late Quaternary sediments in the Gallego Valley, Central Spanish Pyrenees}, series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Geomorphologie, Suppl.}, volume = {58}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Geomorphologie, Suppl.}, number = {3}, issn = {1864-1687}, doi = {10.1127/0372-8854/2014/S-00165}, pages = {47 -- 62}, abstract = {This study aims to characterize the Late Quaternary stratigraphy in a type region of Pleistocene glaciation in the Central Spanish Pyrenees by using geophysical prospection techniques to extrapolate stratigraphical field information from soil pits. The main objectives are (i) to identify the thickness of the Quaternary sediments, (ii) to characterize the internal structures and stratifications within the Quaternary deposits and (iii) to test the validity of combined geophysical prospection techniques, including shallow seismic refraction (SSR) and electric resistivity tomography (ERT). We focus on two selected study sites: the Late Pleistocene terminal moraine at Seneg{\"u}{\´e} on the bottom of the G{\´a}llego Valley and a Pleistocene non-glaciated slope located nearby. This study proves that information about the depth, structure and distribution of Late Quaternary sediments (glacial, periglacial and fluvial) can be gathered by the combination of geophysical techniques (SSR and ERT). These techniques allow for a reliable, inexpensive and fast extrapolation of stratification information from soil pits and enable Late Quaternary and Eocene sediments to be distinguished. The reconstruction of the sediment genesis is facilitated by the geophysical techniques due to the potential to prospect the internal structures of large areas.}, language = {en} }