@misc{BonhageMykhailovaHirschetal., author = {Bonhage, Alexander and Mykhailova, Larysa and Hirsch, Florian and Schneider, Anna and Raab, Thomas and Fischer, Thomas and Raab, Alexandra and Donovan, Sally and Ouimet, William}, title = {Effects of historical charcoal burning on soil landscapes in West Connecticut - Quantifying pyrogenic and organic soil carbon content of Technosols by FTIR analysis}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2019, Vienna, Austria, 7-12 April 2019}, journal = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2019, Vienna, Austria, 7-12 April 2019}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, language = {en} } @misc{BonhageRaabSchneideretal., author = {Bonhage, Alexander and Raab, Thomas and Schneider, Anna and Fischer, Thomas and Ramezany, Shaghayegh and Ouimet, William and Raab, Alexandra and Hirsch, Florian}, title = {Vertical SOC distribution and aromatic carbon in centuries old charcoal-rich Technosols}, series = {European Journal of Soil Science}, volume = {73}, journal = {European Journal of Soil Science}, number = {4}, doi = {10.1111/ejss.13293}, pages = {1 -- 16}, abstract = {Charcoal-rich Technosols on century-old relict charcoal hearths (RCHs) are the subject of ongoing research regarding potential legacy effects that result from historic charcoal production and subsequent charcoal amendments on forest soil properties and forest ecosystems today. RCHs consist mostly of Auh horizons that are substantially enriched in soil organic carbon (SOC), of which the largest part seems to be of pyrogenic origin (PyC). However, the reported range of SOC and PyC contents in RCH soil also suggests that they are enriched in nonpyrogenic SOC. RCH soils are discussed as potential benchmarks for the long-term influence of biochar amendment and the post-wildfire influences on soil properties. In this study, we utilised a large soil sample dataset (n = 1245) from 52 RCH sites in north-western Connecticut, USA, to quantify SOC contents by total element analysis. The contents of condensed highly aromatic carbon as a proxy for black carbon (BC) were predicted by using a modified benzene polycarboxylated acid (BPCA) marker method in combination with diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform (DRIFT) spectroscopy-based partial least square regression (r2 = 0.89). A high vertical spatial sampling resolution allowed the identification of soil organic matter (SOM) enrichment and translocation processes. The results show an average 75\% and 1862\% increase in TOC and BPCA-derived carbon, respectively, for technogenic Auh horizons compared to reference soils. In addition to an increase in aromatic properties, increased carboxylic properties of the RCH SOC suggest self-humification effects of degrading charcoal and thereby the continuing formation of leachable aromatic carbon compounds, which could have effects on pedogenic processes in buried soils. Indeed, we show BPCA-derived carbon concentrations in intermediate technogenic Cu horizons and buried top/subsoils that suggest vertical translocation of highly aromatic carbon originating in RCH Auh horizons. Topmost Auh horizons showed a gradual decrease in total organic carbon (TOC) contents with increasing depth, suggesting accumulation of recent, non-pyrogenic SOM. Lower aliphatic absorptions in RCH soil spectra suggest different SOM turnover dynamics compared to reference soils. Furthermore, studied RCH soils featured additional TOC enrichment, which cannot be fully explained now.}, language = {en} } @incollection{RaabBruetzkeChristopheletal., author = {Raab, Alexandra and Br{\"u}tzke, W. and Christophel, Dominik and V{\"o}lkel, J{\"o}rg and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Reconstruction of the fire history in the Siedlungskammer Burgweinting (Bavaria, Germany) in relation to settlement and environmental history}, series = {Human Interactions with the Geosphere: The Geoarchaeological Perspective, Geological Society, London}, booktitle = {Human Interactions with the Geosphere: The Geoarchaeological Perspective, Geological Society, London}, editor = {Wilson, Lucy}, publisher = {Geological Soc.}, address = {London}, isbn = {978-1-86239-325-7}, doi = {10.1144/SP352.11}, pages = {137 -- 161}, abstract = {Palaeoenvironmental investigations were carried out in the Siedlungskammer (prehistoric settlement area) Burgweinting (Regensburg, Bavaria, Germany) to reveal past settlement conditions and human impact on the environment. Two sequences were obtained from the Islinger M{\"u}hlbach Fen, in close proximity to the archaeological excavation site in Burgweinting, which documents an almost continuous settlement history since the Neolithic Period. The analyses of the sequences comprise stratigraphic, geochemical and microscopic charcoal analyses. For chronological information, radiocarbon dating was conducted on a total of 10 samples. Thus, the first long-term fire record was reconstructed for the investigation area, and the results were correlated, based on radiocarbon dating, with the available environmental information and settlement history in the Siedlungskammer Burgweinting. The fire record reveals an almost continuous, but alternating fire history. Furthermore, it shows that fire played an important role in the Siedlungskammer Burgweinting and that most probably as early as the Mesolithic hunterer-gatherers deliberately used fire.}, language = {en} } @misc{HirschSchneiderNicolayetal., author = {Hirsch, Florian and Schneider, Anna and Nicolay, Alexander and Blaszkiewicz, Miroslaw and Kordowski, Jarosław and Noryskiewicz, Agnieszka M. and Tyszkowski, Sebastian and Raab, Alexandra and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Late Quaternary landscape development at the margin of the Pomeranian phase (MIS 2) near Lake Wygonin (Northern Poland)}, series = {Catena}, volume = {124}, journal = {Catena}, issn = {0341-8162}, doi = {10.1016/j.catena.2014.08.018}, pages = {28 -- 44}, abstract = {In Central Europe, Late Quaternary landscapes experienced multiple phases of geomorphologic activity. In this study,we used a combined geomorphological, pedological, sedimentological and palynological approach to characterize landscape development after the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) near Lake Wygonin in Northern Poland. The pedostratigraphical findings from soil pits and drillings were extrapolated using ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and electric resistivity tomography (ERT). During the Pomeranian phase, glacial and fluvioglacial processes dominated the landscape near Lake Wygonin. At the end of the glacial period, periglacial processes became relevant and caused the formation of ventifacts and coversands containing coated sand grains. At approximately 15,290-14,800 cal yr BP, a small pond formed in a kettle hole (profile BWI2). The lacustrine sediments lack eolian sand components and therefore indicate the decline of eolian processes during that time. The increase of Juniperus and rock-rose (Helianthemum) in the pollen diagram is a prominent marker of the Younger Dryas. At the end of the Younger Dryas, a partial reshaping of the landscape is indicated by abundant charcoal fragments in disturbed lake sediments. No geomorphologic activity since the beginning of the Holocene is documented in the terrestrial and wetland archives. The anthropogenic impact is reflected in the pollen diagram by the occurrence of rye pollen grains (Secale cereale) and translocated soil sediments dated to 1560-1410 cal yr BP, proving agricultural use of the immediate vicinity. With the onset of land use, gully incision and the accumulation of colluvial fans reshaped the landscape locally. Since 540-460 cal yr BP, further gully incision in the steep forest tracks has been associated with the intensification of forestry. Outside of the gully catchments, the weakly podzolized Rubic Brunic Arenosols show no features of Holocene soil erosion.}, language = {en} } @misc{NicolayRaabRaabetal., author = {Nicolay, Alexander and Raab, Alexandra and Raab, Thomas and R{\"o}sler, Horst and B{\"o}nisch, Eberhard and Murray, Andrew S.}, title = {Evidence of (pre-) historic to modern landscape and land use history near J{\"a}nschwalde (Brandenburg, Germany)}, series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Geomorphologie, Suppl.}, volume = {58}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Geomorphologie, Suppl.}, number = {2}, issn = {1864-1687}, doi = {10.1127/0372-8854/2014/S-00162}, pages = {7 -- 31}, abstract = {In the apron of the active lignite opencast pit J{\"a}nschwalde (Brandenburg, Germany), three archaeological survey trenches were investigated in an area where aeolian sand deposits are widespread. The investigated sediment sequences contain evidence of aeolian morphodynamics, soil formation and agricultural land use. To study the age and the causes of sand drifting and surface stabilization, standard soil physical and chemical laboratory analyses as well as optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and radiocarbon dating (14C) were carried out. Two main sedimentological units were identified: Unit 1 consists of glacio-fluvial and Late Glacial aeolian sands representing the parent material for the native Podsol- Braunerde, while Unit 2 represents the Late Holocene aeolian deposits. Four periods of Late Glacial and Holocene aeolian activity and three phases of geomorphological stability have been identified: (i) Aeolian sedimentation during the Late Glacial, (ii) Mesolithic reactivation of aeolian processes, (iii) soil formation until Late Roman Iron Age settlers intensified the agricultural land use, (iv) intensive drift sand formation during the High Middle Ages due to agricultural expansion, (v) stabilization of the drift sands and weak soil formation, (vi) reactivation of aeolian processes due to the increasing wood consumption and charcoal production from the early 17th until the mid-19th century, (vii) surface stabilization and formation of Regosols since the mid-19th century due to afforestation.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{RaabRaabSchneideretal., author = {Raab, Thomas and Raab, Alexandra and Schneider, Anna and Hirsch, Florian and Nicolay, Alexander and Takla, Melanie and R{\"o}sler, Horst}, title = {Pre-Industrial Charcoal Kilns in the Northern European Lowland - Hidden Land Use Structures Detected by LIDAR}, series = {2014 GSA Annual Meeting in Vancouver, British Columbia (19-22 October 2014)}, booktitle = {2014 GSA Annual Meeting in Vancouver, British Columbia (19-22 October 2014)}, publisher = {Geological Society of America}, address = {Boulder, Colo.}, pages = {S. 96}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchneiderHirschFritschetal., author = {Schneider, Anna and Hirsch, Florian and Fritsch, Simone and Raab, Alexandra and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Hydraulische Eigenschaften von B{\"o}den an historischen Holzkohlemeilerpl{\"a}tzen in Brandenburg}, series = {Unsere B{\"o}den - unser Leben, Jahrestagung der Deutschen Bodenkundlichen Gesellschaft, 2. - 10. September 2015, M{\"u}nchen}, booktitle = {Unsere B{\"o}den - unser Leben, Jahrestagung der Deutschen Bodenkundlichen Gesellschaft, 2. - 10. September 2015, M{\"u}nchen}, publisher = {Deutsche Bodenkundliche Gesellschaft}, address = {G{\"o}ttingen}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{HirschNicolaySchneideretal., author = {Hirsch, Florian and Nicolay, Alexander and Schneider, Anna and Blaszkiewicz, Miroslaw and Kordowski, Jarosław and Noryskiewicz, Agnieszka M. and Tyszkowski, Sebastian and Raab, Alexandra and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Late Quaternary geomorphodynamics and soil development in Wygonin (Poland)}, series = {Tagungsband und Exkursionsf{\"u}hrer, Arbeitskreis Geoarch{\"a}ologie Jahrestagung 2013, 2. - 4.5.2013 BTU Cottbus}, booktitle = {Tagungsband und Exkursionsf{\"u}hrer, Arbeitskreis Geoarch{\"a}ologie Jahrestagung 2013, 2. - 4.5.2013 BTU Cottbus}, publisher = {Brandenburg Univ. of Technology}, address = {Cottbus}, pages = {S. 50}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HirschNicolaySchneideretal., author = {Hirsch, Florian and Nicolay, Alexander and Schneider, Anna and Błaszkiewicz, Mirosław and Kordowski, Jarosław and Noryskiewicz, Agnieszka M. and Tyszkowski, Sebastian and Raab, Alexandra and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Sp{\"a}tquart{\"a}re Landschaftsentwicklung seit der Pommerschen Phase in Wygonin (Nordpolen)}, series = {Jahrestagung des AK Geomorphologie in Kiel 2014}, booktitle = {Jahrestagung des AK Geomorphologie in Kiel 2014}, editor = {Bork, Hans-Rudolf and Dreibrodt, Stefan and Duttmann, Rainer and Unkel, Ingmar}, publisher = {Christian-Albrechts-Universit{\"a}t}, address = {Kiel}, pages = {S. 66}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{TaklaRaabRaabetal., author = {Takla, Melanie and Raab, Alexandra and Raab, Thomas and R{\"o}sler, Horst and B{\"o}nisch, Eberhard}, title = {Modeling the past - a GIS-based study for the reconstruction of past land use and human impact on the environment}, series = {2010 GSA Annual Meeting in Denver Colorado, USA 2010, 31 October - 3 November}, booktitle = {2010 GSA Annual Meeting in Denver Colorado, USA 2010, 31 October - 3 November}, publisher = {Geological Society of America}, address = {Boulder, Colo.}, pages = {S. 579}, language = {en} }