@misc{RoemerBeimGrabenWolff, author = {R{\"o}mer, Ronald and Beim Graben, Peter and Wolff, Matthias}, title = {Entscheidungstheoretische Modellierung der konsummatorischen Endhandlung - Vergleich von klassischen und quantenmechanischen Ans{\"a}tzen}, series = {Elektronische Sprachsignalverarbeitung 2019, Tagungsband der 30. Konferenz Dresden, 6.-8. M{\"a}rz 2019}, journal = {Elektronische Sprachsignalverarbeitung 2019, Tagungsband der 30. Konferenz Dresden, 6.-8. M{\"a}rz 2019}, editor = {Birkholz, Peter and Stone, Simon}, edition = {1. Auflage}, publisher = {TUDpress}, address = {Dresden}, isbn = {978-3-959081-57-3}, pages = {186 -- 196}, abstract = {Ein wesentlicher Bestandteil kognitiver - und damit auch sprach-verarbeitender - Agentensysteme ist die Verhaltenssteuerung. Eine ihrer wichtigsten Aufgaben besteht darin, Entscheidungsprobleme, die in der Auseinandersetzung mit der physischen Umgebung eines Agenten auftreten, rational zu l{\"o}sen. Zun{\"a}chst diskutieren wir die klassischen, nutzenbasierten Entscheidungsmodelle f{\"u}r sequentielle- und episodische Umgebungen am Beispiel des Mouse-Maze-Problems. Zu letzteren geh{\"o}ren die sogenannten konsummatorischen Endhandlungen, sie stehen im Mittelpunkt dieser Arbeit. Weil sich Entscheidungen bei Endhandlungen final auf die Lebensdauer des Agenten auswirken k{\"o}nnen, d{\"u}rfen Fehlleistungen und T{\"a}uschungen nur {\"a}ußerst selten auftreten. Aus diesem Grund stellen wir der rationalen Methode die psychologische Methode entgegen, die zus{\"a}tzlich auf der Einf{\"u}hrung von semantischen Kategorien beruht. Die daf{\"u}r ben{\"o}tigten semantischen Repr{\"a}sentationen modellieren wir nach einem quantenmechanischen Formalismus. Daraus leitet sich die zentrale Fragestellung dieser Arbeitab: Bietet die quantenmechanische Perspektive einen Mehrwert bei der Modellierung der konsummatorischen Endhandlung und l{\"a}sst sich dieser Formalismus inden Perzeptions-Aktionszyklus (PAC) eines kognitiven Agenten einbetten.}, language = {de} } @misc{RoemerbeimGrabenHuberetal., author = {R{\"o}mer, Ronald and beim Graben, Peter and Huber, Markus and Wolff, Matthias and Wirsching, G{\"u}nther and Schmitt, Ingo}, title = {Behavioral Control of Cognitive Agents Using Database Semantics and Minimalist Grammars}, series = {Proceedings 10th IEEE International Conference on Cognitive Infocommunications, CogInfoCom 2019, Oct. 23-25}, journal = {Proceedings 10th IEEE International Conference on Cognitive Infocommunications, CogInfoCom 2019, Oct. 23-25}, address = {Naples, Italy}, isbn = {978-1-7281-4793-2}, issn = {2380-7350}, doi = {10.1109/CogInfoCom47531.2019.9089947}, pages = {73 -- 78}, language = {en} } @misc{BeimGrabenRoemerMeyeretal., author = {Beim Graben, Peter and R{\"o}mer, Ronald and Meyer, Werner and Huber, Markus and Wolff, Matthias}, title = {Reinforcement learning of minimalist numeral grammars}, series = {10th IEEE International Conference on Cognitive Infocommunications (CogInfoCom), Naples, Italy}, journal = {10th IEEE International Conference on Cognitive Infocommunications (CogInfoCom), Naples, Italy}, isbn = {978-1-7281-4793-2}, issn = {2380-7350}, doi = {10.1109/CogInfoCom47531.2019.9089924}, pages = {13}, abstract = {Speech-controlled user interfaces facilitate the operation of devices and household functions to laymen. State-of-the-art language technology scans the acoustically analyzed speech signal for relevant keywords that are subsequently inserted into semantic slots to interpret the user's intent. In order to develop proper cognitive information and communication technologies, simple slot-filling should be replaced by utterance meaning transducers (UMT) that are based on semantic parsers and a mental lexicon, comprising syntactic, phonetic and semantic features of the language under consideration. This lexicon must be acquired by a cognitive agent during interaction with its users. We outline a reinforcement learning algorithm for the acquisition of the syntactic morphology and arithmetic semantics of English numerals, based on minimalist grammar (MG), a recent computational implementation of generative linguistics. Number words are presented to the agent by a teacher in form of utterance meaning pairs (UMP) where the meanings are encoded as arithmetic terms. Since MG encodes universal linguistic competence through inference rules, thereby separating innate linguistic knowledge from the contingently acquired lexicon, our approach unifies generative grammar and reinforcement learning, hence potentially resolving the still pending Chomsky-Skinner controversy.}, language = {en} } @misc{BlutnerBeimGraben, author = {Blutner, Reinhard and Beim Graben, Peter}, title = {Gauge models of musical forces}, series = {Journal of Mathematics and Music}, volume = {15}, journal = {Journal of Mathematics and Music}, number = {1}, issn = {1745-9745}, doi = {10.1080/17459737.2020.1716404}, pages = {17 -- 36}, abstract = {Metaphors involving motion and forces are a source of inspiration for understanding tonal music and tonal harmonies since ancient times. Starting with the rise of quantum cognition, the modern interactional conception of forces as developed in gauge theory has recently entered the field of theoretical musicology. We develop a gauge model of tonal attraction based on SU(2) symmetry. This model comprises two earlier attempts, the phase model grounded on U(1) gauge symmetry, and the spatial deformation model derived from SO(2) gauge symmetry. In the neutral, force-free case both submodels agree and generate the same predictions as a simple qubit approach. However, there are several differences in the force-driven case. It is claimed that the deformation model gives a proper description of static tonal attraction. The full model combines the deformation model with the phase model through SU(2) gauge symmetry and unifies static and dynamic tonal attraction.}, language = {en} } @misc{BeimGrabenMannone, author = {Beim Graben, Peter and Mannone, Maria}, title = {Musical pitch quantization as an eigenvalue problem}, series = {Journal of Mathematics and Music}, journal = {Journal of Mathematics and Music}, issn = {1745-9745}, doi = {10.1080/17459737.2020.1763488}, pages = {1 -- 18}, abstract = {How can discrete pitches and chords emerge from the continuum of sound? Using a quantum cognition model of tonal music, we prove that the associated Schr{\"o}dinger equation in Fourier space is invariant under continuous pitch transpositions. However, this symmetry is broken in the case of transpositions of chords, entailing a discrete cyclic group as transposition symmetry. Our research relates quantum mechanics with music and is consistent with music theory and seminal insights by Hermann von Helmholtz.}, language = {en} } @misc{RoemerbeimGrabenHuberLiebletal., author = {R{\"o}mer, Ronald and beim Graben, Peter and Huber-Liebl, Markus and Wolff, Matthias}, title = {Unifying Physical Interaction, Linguistic Communication, and Language Acquisition of Cognitive Agents by Minimalist Grammars}, series = {Frontiers in Computer Science}, journal = {Frontiers in Computer Science}, number = {4}, issn = {2624-9898}, doi = {10.3389/fcomp.2022.733596}, pages = {21}, abstract = {Cognitive agents that act independently and solve problems in their environment on behalf of a user are referred to as autonomous. In order to increase the degree of autonomy, advanced cognitive architectures also contain higher-level psychological modules with which needs and motives of the agent are also taken into account and with which the behavior of the agent can be controlled. Regardless of the level of autonomy, successful behavior is based on interacting with the environment and being able to communicate with other agents or users. The agent can use these skills to learn a truthful knowledge model of the environment and thus predict the consequences of its own actions. For this purpose, the symbolic information received during the interaction and communication must be converted into representational data structures so that they can be stored in the knowledge model, processed logically and retrieved from there. Here, we firstly outline a grammar-based transformation mechanism that unifies the description of physical interaction and linguistic communication and on which the language acquisition is based. Specifically, we use minimalist grammar (MG) for this aim, which is a recent computational implementation of generative linguistics. In order to develop proper cognitive information and communication technologies, we are using utterance meaning transducers (UMT) that are based on semantic parsers and a mental lexicon, comprising syntactic and semantic features of the language under consideration. This lexicon must be acquired by a cognitive agent during interaction with its users. To this aim we outline a reinforcement learning algorithm for the acquisition of syntax and semantics of English utterances. English declarative sentences are presented to the agent by a teacher in form of utterance meaning pairs (UMP) where the meanings are encoded as formulas of predicate logic. Since MG codifies universal linguistic competence through inference rules, thereby separating innate linguistic knowledge from the contingently acquired lexicon, our approach unifies generative grammar and reinforcement learning, hence potentially resolving the still pending Chomsky-Skinner controversy. btuktuminglear, btuktsptech, btuktcogsys}, language = {en} } @misc{MeyerBorislavovEckertetal., author = {Meyer, Werner and Borislavov, Borislav and Eckert, Friedrich and Richter, Christian and R{\"o}mer, Ronald and Beim Graben, Peter and Huber, Markus and Wolff, Matthias}, title = {Formalisierung und Implementierung einer adaptiven kognitiven Architektur unter Verwendung von Strukturdiagrammen}, series = {Elektronische Sprachsignalverarbeitung 2021 : Tagungsband der 32. Konferenz Berlin, 3.-5. M{\"a}rz 2021}, journal = {Elektronische Sprachsignalverarbeitung 2021 : Tagungsband der 32. Konferenz Berlin, 3.-5. M{\"a}rz 2021}, editor = {Hillmann, Stefan and Weiss, Benjamin and Michael, Thilo and M{\"o}ller, Sebastian}, publisher = {TUDpress}, address = {Dresden}, isbn = {978-3-959082-27-3}, issn = {0940-6832}, pages = {67 -- 76}, abstract = {Das Fachgebiet der Kognitiven Technischen Systeme zeichnet sich durch einen hohen Grad an Interdisziplinarit{\"a}t (z. B. Kenntnisse auf den Gebieten Biologie, Psychologie, Informatik und den Ingenieurwissenschaften) aus. Nach wie vor besteht Bedarf an einer methodischen Darstellung des Fachgebietes, bei der die theoretische Durchdringung von Zusammenh{\"a}ngen zwischen den verschiedenen Wissensgebieten zus{\"a}tzlich durch Anschaulichkeit unterst{\"u}tzt wird. Die vorliegende Arbeit stellt einen Fortschrittsbericht zur Realisierung eines Forschungs- und Experimentiersystems dar, mit dem wir dieses Anliegen unterst{\"u}tzen und {\"u}ber das wir erstmals konzeptionell in [1] berichtet haben. In diesem Beitrag folgen wir einem integrativen Ansatz zur Entwicklung einer kognitiven Architektur, mit der unter Verwendung repr{\"a}sentationaler Datenstrukturen adaptives Verhalten auf verschiedenen Zeitskalen sowie zwei wichtige Verhaltensprogramme f{\"u}r das Probleml{\"o}sen (Objektfindung, Exploration) auf der gemeinsamen Grundlage von Markov-Entscheidungsprozessen umgesetzt werden. Mit einem Kurzbericht zum Entwicklungsstand der physikalischen Experimentierumgebung und einer Zusammenfassung der bislang erreichten Ergebnisse beschließen wir den diesj{\"a}hrigen Beitrag.}, language = {de} } @misc{BeimGrabenHuberMeyeretal., author = {Beim Graben, Peter and Huber, Markus and Meyer, Werner and R{\"o}mer, Ronald and Wolff, Matthias}, title = {Vector Symbolic Architectures for Context-Free Grammars}, series = {Cognitive Computation}, volume = {14}, journal = {Cognitive Computation}, number = {2}, issn = {1866-9964}, doi = {10.1007/s12559-021-09974-y}, pages = {733 -- 748}, abstract = {Vector symbolic architectures (VSA) are a viable approach for the hyperdimensional representation of symbolic data, such as documents, syntactic structures, or semantic frames. We present a rigorous mathematical framework for the representation of phrase structure trees and parse trees of context-free grammars (CFG) in Fock space, i.e. infinite-dimensional Hilbert space as being used in quantum field theory. We define a novel normal form for CFG by means of term algebras. Using a recently developed software toolbox, called FockBox, we construct Fock space representations for the trees built up by a CFG left-corner (LC) parser. We prove a universal representation theorem for CFG term algebras in Fock space and illustrate our findings through a low-dimensional principal component projection of the LC parser state. Our approach could leverage the development of VSA for explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) by means of hyperdimensional deep neural computation.}, language = {en} } @misc{HuberLieblRoemerWirschingetal., author = {Huber-Liebl, Markus and R{\"o}mer, Ronald and Wirsching, G{\"u}nther and Schmitt, Ingo and beim Graben, Peter and Wolff, Matthias}, title = {Quantum-inspired Cognitive Agents}, series = {Frontiers in Applied Mathematics and Statistics}, journal = {Frontiers in Applied Mathematics and Statistics}, number = {8}, issn = {2297-4687}, doi = {10.3389/fams.2022.909873}, pages = {1 -- 31}, abstract = {The concept of intelligent agents is—roughly speaking—based on an architecture and a set of behavioral programs that primarily serve to solve problems autonomously. Increasing the degree of autonomy and improving cognitive performance, which can be assessed using cognitive and behavioral tests, are two important research trends. The degree of autonomy can be increased using higher-level psychological modules with which needs and motives are taken into account. In our approach we integrate these modules in architecture for an embodied, enactive multi-agent system, such that distributed problem solutions can be achieved. Furthermore, after uncovering some weaknesses in the cognitive performance of traditionally designed agents, we focus on two major aspects. On the one hand, the knowledge processing of cognitive agents is based on logical formalisms, which have deficiencies in the representation and processing of incomplete or uncertain knowledge. On the other hand, in order to fully understand the performance of cognitive agents, explanations at the symbolic and subsymbolic levels are required. Both aspects can be addressed by quantum-inspired cognitive agents. To investigate this approach, we consider two tasks in the sphere of Shannon's famous mouse-maze problem: namely classifying target objects and ontology inference. First, the classification of an unknown target object in the mouse-maze, such as cheese, water, and bacon, is based on sensory data that measure characteristics such as odor, color, shape, or nature. For an intelligent agent, we need a classifier with good prediction accuracy and explanatory power on a symbolic level. Boolean logic classifiers do work on a symbolic level but are not adequate for dealing with continuous data. Therefore, we demonstrate and evaluate a quantum-logic-inspired classifier in comparison to Boolean-logic-based classifiers. Second, ontology inference is iteratively achieved by a quantum-inspired agent through maze exploration. This requires the agent to be able to manipulate its own state by performing actions and by collecting sensory data during perception. We suggest an algebraic approach where both kinds of behaviors are uniquely described by quantum operators. The agent's state space is then iteratively constructed by carrying out unitary action operators, while Hermitian perception operators act as observables on quantum eigenstates. As a result, an ontology emerges as the simultaneous solution of the respective eigenvalue equations. Tags: btuktqiai; btuktcogsys; btukttheseus; btuktqtheseus}, language = {en} } @misc{RoemerbeimGrabenHuberLiebletal., author = {R{\"o}mer, Ronald and beim Graben, Peter and Huber-Liebl, Markus and Wolff, Matthias}, title = {(Pre-)linguistic Problem Solving based on Dynamic Semantics}, series = {14th IEEE International Conference on Cognitive Infocommunications - CogInfoCom 2023, September 22-23, Budapest, Hungary}, journal = {14th IEEE International Conference on Cognitive Infocommunications - CogInfoCom 2023, September 22-23, Budapest, Hungary}, isbn = {979-8-3503-2565-2}, issn = {2473-5671}, doi = {10.1109/CogInfoCom59411.2023.10397487}, pages = {147 -- 152}, language = {en} }