@misc{RaabRaabBonhageetal., author = {Raab, Thomas and Raab, Alexandra and Bonhage, Alexander and Schneider, Anna and Hirsch, Florian and Birkhofer, Klaus and Drohan, Patrick J. and Wilmking, Martin and Kreyling, J{\"u}rgen and Malik, Ireneusz and Wistuba, Małgorzata and Maaten, Ernst van der and Maaten-Theunissen, Marieke van der and Urich, Tim}, title = {Do small landforms have large effects? A review on the legacies of pre-industrial charcoal burning}, series = {Geomorphology}, volume = {413}, journal = {Geomorphology}, issn = {0169-555X}, doi = {10.1016/j.geomorph.2022.108332}, pages = {16}, abstract = {Relict charcoal hearths (RCHs) are small, anthropogenic landforms resulting from past charcoal burning and reaching significant land coverage in pre-industrial mining areas. We review three coupled legacies linked by RCH development: (i) a landscape-scale geomorphic effect, (ii) a unique soil fingerprint, and (iii) an evolving novel ecosystem. The history and technique of charcoal production are described to clarify legacy effects. Applying a recently presented morpho-genetic catalogue is useful for classified mapping of RCH findings. The RCH numbers and calculated RCH densities per study region vary greatly and impose uncertainties due to insufficient methods causing over- or underestimations. Areas with high RCH densities between 50 and 500 RCH/km2 seem reasonable. Machine learning-based remote sensing techniques are promising approaches with which to better assess the full scale of charcoal burning legacies. RCH soil properties feature dark charcoal-rich technogenic substrate layers classified as Auh horizons according to the World Reference Base with significantly increased C contents. These Auh horizons can also exhibit specific physical and chemical properties, such as relatively low bulk density, high porosity, high plant available water content, low thermal conductivity and differences in cation exchange capacity or nutrient status. However, relevant studies are rare, and thus, the effects may differ by study region. Regarding vegetation, there seem to be four main effects: changes in forest structure, species composition, recruitment pattern and productivity. The number of studies on this issue is, however, also very limited. Even fewer studies have examined the soil fauna in RCHs; thus, the reported effects cannot be used to draw general conclusions. Notably, RCH research has made considerable progress in the last five years, especially in the Light Detection and Ranging-based mapping of these small landforms and identification of RCH-specific soil properties, but ecological legacies are not well understood; thus, more interdisciplinary and integrative studies are needed.}, language = {en} } @book{EbnervonEschenbachHelmsKleinhansetal., author = {Ebner von Eschenbach, Anna-Dorothea and Helms, Martin and Kleinhans, Alexander and Laaha, Gregor and Sch{\"u}mberg, Sabine and Walther, J{\"o}rg and Willems, Winfried and Wittenberg, Hartmut}, title = {Statistische Analyse von Niedrigwasserkenngr{\"o}ßen}, edition = {Juli 2022}, publisher = {DWA, Deutsche Vereinigung f{\"u}r Wasserwirtschaft, Abwasser und Abfall e.V.}, address = {Hennef}, isbn = {978-3-96862-221-7}, pages = {111}, abstract = {Niedrigwasser ist ein integraler Bestandteil des Abflussregimes, der einen zeitlich und regional begrenzten Zustand in einem oberirdischen Gew{\"a}sser beschreibt, bei dem der Wasserstand oder der Abfluss einen bestimmten Schwellenwert erreicht oder unterschreitet. Die Kenntnis der Niedrigwasserverh{\"a}ltnisse in einem Gew{\"a}sser hat damit große Bedeutung f{\"u}r seine zielgerichtete wasserwirtschaftliche Nutzung und {\"o}kologische Bewertung. Niedrigwasser ist in erster Linie bedingt durch Niederschlagsmangel, kann sich jedoch auch durch den R{\"u}ckhalt des Niederschlags in der Schneedecke, in Gletschern oder im gefrorenen Untergrund ergeben. Zudem kann es anthropogen durch diverse Bewirtschaftungsmaßnahmen im Gew{\"a}sser oder dessen Einzugsgebiet verst{\"a}rkt oder abgeschw{\"a}cht werden. In diesem Merkblatt werden zun{\"a}chst die wichtigsten Kenngr{\"o}ßen f{\"u}r das Niedrigwasser definiert: Niedrigwasserabfluss bzw. -wasserstand, Unterschreitungsdauer, Abflussdefizit sowie aus der Dauerlinie abgeleitete Quantile. F{\"u}r die Ermittlung der Unterschreitungsdauer und des Abflussdefizits sind Schwellenwerte erforderlich. Sie sollten in Abh{\"a}ngigkeit von der Zielstellung der Untersuchung festgelegt werden. Es werden sowohl die nat{\"u}rlichen und anthropogenen Einflussgr{\"o}ßen auf das Niedrigwasser diskutiert, als auch die genannten Kenngr{\"o}ßen und deren Ableitung aus der Ganglinie vorgestellt. Darauf aufbauend entwickeln sich inhaltlich die Kernthemen des Merkblatts: (1) Wahrscheinlichkeitsanalyse von Niedrigwasserabfl{\"u}ssen und (2) Wahrscheinlichkeitsanalyse von Unterschreitungsdauern und Abflussdefiziten. Mit Hilfe eines Verfahrensablaufs und anhand von Beispielen wird dem Leser schrittweise das methodische Vorgehen vermittelt - von der Festlegung der Kenngr{\"o}ße bis hin zur Ermittlung ihrer Quantile und deren Konfidenzgrenzen. Beide Verfahren setzen Stationarit{\"a}t der zugrundeliegenden Serien voraus, sodass im dritten Kernthema des Merkblatts (instation{\"a}re Wahrscheinlichkeitsanalyse) diskutiert wird, welche M{\"o}glichkeiten bestehen, um mit signifikanten Instationarit{\"a}ten im Rahmen der Wahrscheinlichkeitsanalyse umzugehen.}, language = {de} } @misc{CieślaSuligaKadučakovaetal., author = {Cieśla, Elżbieta and Suliga, Edyta and Kaduč{\´a}kov{\´a}, Helena and Michel, Sven and Ižov{\´a}, Marcela and Simočkov{\´a}, Viera and Martin, Titus and Braun, Alexander and Kozieł, Dorota and Gluszek, Stanisław}, title = {Reproducibility of the German and Slovakian Versions of the Dietary Habits and Nutrition Beliefs Questionnaire (KomPAN)}, series = {Nutrients}, volume = {14}, journal = {Nutrients}, number = {22}, issn = {2072-6643}, doi = {10.3390/nu14224893}, abstract = {Purpose. The aim of this study was to assess the reproducibility and reliability of the KomPAN questionnaire among two groups of university students from Germany and Slovakia. Methods. A total of 422 individuals (mean age 21.4 years, SD 4.0), including 197 from Slovakia (men 26.2\%) and 225 from Germany (men 22.3\%), were tested using the self-administered (SA-Q) version of the KomPAN questionnaire and then retested two weeks later. A cross-classification analysis, kappa coefficients, Cronbach's ɑ coefficients, and a test-retest result comparison were conducted separately for each group of students to assess the reproducibility and reliability of the questionnaire. Results. The cross-classification values were higher than 46.2\% among the German students and higher than 55.8\% among the Slovakian students. The kappa coefficients ranged from 0.21 to 0.90 in the German students and from 0.38 to 0.94 in the Slovakian students. Cronbach's ɑ ranged from 0.58 to 0.78. Conclusion. The questionnaire displayed a moderate to very good reproducibility, which was slightly higher in the Slovakian group than in the German group. Therefore, the questionnaire can be recommended for further analysis and comparison of the dietary habits among Germans and Slovakians on a larger scale.}, language = {en} } @misc{BadenhoopMichelMartinetal., author = {Badenhoop, Tristan and Michel, Sven and Martin, Titus and Braun, Alexander and Otto, Gesine}, title = {Coordinative efficiency of physiotherapy students - A status of coordination regarding manual dexterity and balance of prospective physiotherapists.}, series = {The International Disabled People`s Day - XXVth edition - Life without Pain / Healthy Children - Healthy Europe}, journal = {The International Disabled People`s Day - XXVth edition - Life without Pain / Healthy Children - Healthy Europe}, editor = {Sliwinski, Zbigniew and Sliwinski, Grzegorz}, publisher = {Oficyna Wydawnicza Klubu Literackiego "Inspiracje"}, address = {Zgorcelec}, isbn = {978-83-88380-77-8}, language = {en} } @misc{ShangLiuLiangetal., author = {Shang, Yuanyuan and Liu, Shaofei and Liang, Zhida and Pyczak, Florian and Lei, Zhifeng and Heidenreich, Tim and Sch{\"o}ckel, Alexander and Kai, Ji-jung and Gizer, G{\"o}khan and Dornheim, Martin and Klassen, Thomas}, title = {Developing sustainable FeTi alloys for hydrogen storage by recycling}, series = {Communications Materials}, volume = {3}, journal = {Communications Materials}, number = {1}, issn = {2662-4443}, doi = {10.1038/s43246-022-00324-5}, abstract = {Intermetallic alloys such as FeTi have attracted ever-growing attention as a safe and efficient hydrogen storage medium. However, the utilization of high-purity metals for the synthesis of such materials poses considerable concerns over the environmental sustainability of their large-scale production. Here, we report an approach for synthesizing FeTi from industrial scraps of iron (steels C45 and 316 L) and titanium (Ti alloy Grade 2) to reduce the carbon footprint associated with FeTi alloy synthesis, without compromising their hydrogen storage properties. At 50 °C and a pressure of 0 to 100 bar, the alloys obtained by using C45-Ti Grade 2 and 316L-Ti Grade 2 can absorb a maximum amount of hydrogen of 1.61 wt.\% and 1.50 wt.\%, respectively. Moreover, depending on the type of steel utilized, the thermodynamic properties can be modified. Our findings pave a pathway for developing high-performance, environmentally-sustainable FeTi alloys for hydrogen storage purposes using industrial metal wastes.}, language = {en} } @misc{KonlechnerKellerMartinetal., author = {Konlechner, Stefan and Keller, Arne and Martin, Alexander and G{\"u}ttel, Wolfgang and Fortwengel, Johann}, title = {Sequential leadership logics for coping with tensions in structurally ambidextrous units}, series = {Forschungspapier mit Vortrag bei der Konferenz 39th EGOS Colloquium 2023, 6.-8. Juli, Cagliari (Italien)}, journal = {Forschungspapier mit Vortrag bei der Konferenz 39th EGOS Colloquium 2023, 6.-8. Juli, Cagliari (Italien)}, pages = {40}, language = {en} } @misc{KellerMartinKonlechneretal., author = {Keller, Arne and Martin, Alexander and Konlechner, Stefan and G{\"u}ttel, Wolfgang and Fortwengel, Johann}, title = {Evolving Tensions Across Different Stages of Ambidexterity}, series = {Academy of Management Proceedings}, volume = {2023}, journal = {Academy of Management Proceedings}, number = {1}, issn = {0065-0668}, doi = {10.5465/AMPROC.2023.17856abstract}, language = {en} } @misc{HiemannHilgerMicheletal., author = {Hiemann, Rico and Hilger, Nadja and Michel, J{\"o}rg and Nitschke, J{\"o}rg and B{\"o}hm, Alexander and Anderer, Ursula and Weigert, Martin and Sack, Ulrich}, title = {Automatic Analysis of Immunofluorescence Patterns of HEp-2 Cells}, series = {Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences}, volume = {1109}, journal = {Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences}, number = {1}, issn = {0077-8923}, doi = {10.1196/annals.1398.042}, pages = {358 -- 371}, abstract = {The standard screening test for the recognition of autoimmune diseases is the proof of autoantibodies in serum of patients by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) based on HEp-2 cells. Manual evaluation of this test is very subjective, slow, and there are no objective parameters as guidelines available. Interlaboratory tests showed occasionally large deviations in the test evaluation resulting in a high variance of results. The aim of this project is fast, objective, safe, and economical automatic analysis of HEp-2 IIF patterns. Images of IIF patterns were completely and automatically captured using an inverse motorized fluorescence microscope. Thereby, device-specific parameters were controlled automatically, too. For fast analysis of IIF patterns new algorithms of image processing were developed. Artifacts were recognized and excluded from analysis by the developed software. Analysis of more than 80,000 images clearly demonstrated full automatization and fast processing of IIF patterns. Additionally serum-specific fluorescence could be easily distinguished from background. Even very weak but positive patterns can be recognized and used for diagnosis. A detailed separation into different basic patterns is possible. Objective, fast, and disease-related economical analysis of HEp-2 immunofluorescence patterns is feasible. The implemented software algorithms allowed a mathematical way of describing IIF patterns and can therefore be a useful tool for the needed standardization process.}, language = {en} } @misc{CharisseErusPomponioetal., author = {Chariss{\´e}, Daniel and Erus, Guray and Pomponio, Raymond and Gorges, Martin and Schmidt, Nele and Schneider, Christine and Liepelt-Scarfone, Inga and Riedel, Oliver and Reetz, Kathrin and Schulz, J{\"o}rg B. and Berg, Daniela and Storch, Alexander and Witt, Karsten and Dodel, Richard and Kalbe, Elke and Kassubek, Jan and Hilker-Roggendorf, R{\"u}diger and Baudrexel, Simon}, title = {Brain age and Alzheimer's-like atrophy are domain-specific predictors of cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease}, series = {Neurobiology of Aging}, volume = {109}, journal = {Neurobiology of Aging}, issn = {0197-4580}, doi = {10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2021.08.020}, pages = {31 -- 42}, abstract = {Recently, it was shown that patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) who exhibit an "Alzheimer's disease (AD)-like" pattern of brain atrophy are at greater risk for future cognitive decline. This study aimed to investigate whether this association is domain-specific and whether atrophy associated with brain aging also relates to cognitive impairment in PD. SPARE-AD, an MRI index capturing AD-like atrophy, and atrophy-based estimates of brain age were computed from longitudinal structural imaging data of 178 PD patients and 84 healthy subjects from the LANDSCAPE cohort. All patients underwent an extensive neuropsychological test battery. Patients diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment or dementia were found to have higher SPARE-AD scores as compared to patients with normal cognition and healthy controls. All patient groups showed increased brain age. SPARE-AD predicted impairment in memory, language and executive functions, whereas advanced brain age was associated with deficits in attention and working memory. Data suggest that SPARE-AD and brain age are differentially related to domain-specific cognitive decline in PD. The underlying pathomechanisms remain to be determined.}, language = {en} } @misc{MalikHuetterAbendrothetal., author = {Malik, Alexander and H{\"u}tter, Geralf and Abendroth, Martin and Kiefer, Bjoern}, title = {Micromorphic FE2 simulation of plastic deformations of foam structures}, series = {International Journal of Mechanical Sciences}, volume = {282}, journal = {International Journal of Mechanical Sciences}, issn = {0020-7403}, doi = {10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2024.109551}, pages = {19}, abstract = {Capturing and predicting the effective mechanical properties of highly porous cellular media still represents a significant challenge for the research community, due to their complex structural interdependencies and known size effects. Micromorphic theories are often applied in this context to model the inelastic deformation behavior of foam-like structures, in particular to incorporate such size effect into the investigation of structure-property correlations. This raises the problems of formulating appropriate constitutive relations for the numerous non-classical stress measures and determining the corresponding material parameters, which are usually difficult to assess experimentally. The present contribution therefore alternatively employs a hierarchical micromorphic multi-scale approach within the direct FE2 framework to simulate the complex irreversible behavior of foam-like porous solids. The predictions of Cosserat (micropolar) and a fully-micromorphic theory are compared with conventional FE2 results and direct numerical simulations (DNS) for complex loading scenarios with elastic, elastic-plastic, and creep deformations. Therein, non-classical deformation modes of the microstructure resulting from the introduced micromorphic kinematics are visualized, as are the macroscopic hyperstresses and deformations.}, language = {en} } @article{RaulienFriedrichStrobeletal., author = {Raulien, Nora and Friedrich, Kathleen and Strobel, Sarah and Raps, Stefanie and Hecker, Friederike and Pierer, Matthias and Schilling, Erik and Lainka, Elke and Kallinich, Tilmann and Baumann, Sven and Fritz-Wallace, Katarina and Rolle-Kampczyk, Ulrike and Bergen, Martin von and Aigner, Achim and Ewe, Alexander and Schett, Georg and Cross, Michael and Rossol, Manuela and Wagner, Ulf}, title = {Glucose-oxygen deprivation constrains HMGCR function and Rac1 prenylation and activates the NLRP3 inflammasome in human monocytes}, series = {Science Signaling}, volume = {17}, journal = {Science Signaling}, number = {845}, publisher = {American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)}, issn = {1945-0877}, doi = {10.1126/scisignal.add8913}, pages = {19}, abstract = {Hypoxia and low glucose abundance often occur simultaneously at sites of inflammation. In monocytes and macrophages, glucose-oxygen deprivation stimulates the assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome to generate the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β. We found that concomitant glucose deprivation and hypoxia activated the NLRP3 inflammasome by constraining the function of HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR), the rate-limiting enzyme of the mevalonate kinase pathway. HMGCR is involved in the synthesis of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP), which is required for the prenylation and lipid membrane integration of proteins. Under glucose-oxygen deprivation, GGPP synthesis was decreased, leading to reduced prenylation of the small GTPase Rac1, increased binding of nonprenylated Rac1 to the scaffolding protein IQGAP1, and enhanced activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. In response to restricted oxygen and glucose supply, patient monocytes with a compromised mevalonate pathway due to mevalonate kinase deficiency or Muckle-Wells syndrome released more IL-1β than did control monocytes. Thus, reduced GGPP synthesis due to inhibition of HMGCR under glucose-oxygen deprivation results in proinflammatory innate responses, which are normally kept in check by the prenylation of Rac1. We suggest that this mechanism is also active in inflammatory autoimmune conditions.}, language = {en} } @misc{KieneWackerMartinCreuzburg, author = {Kiene, Marvin and Wacker, Alexander and Martin-Creuzburg, Dominik}, title = {Omega-3 versus Omega-6: Are We Underestimating the Ecological Significance of Arachidonic Acid in Aquatic Systems?}, series = {Biomolecules}, volume = {13}, journal = {Biomolecules}, number = {5}, issn = {2218-273X}, doi = {10.3390/biom13050791}, abstract = {The long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, ω-3, or n-3) and arachidonic acid (ARA, ω-6 or n-6) are known to have distinct physiological functions, yet can both support growth and reproduction of consumers, raising the question of whether EPA and ARA are ecologically substitutable dietary resources. We explored the relative importance of EPA and ARA for the growth and reproduction of the freshwater keystone herbivore Daphnia in a life-history experiment. Both PUFA were supplemented in a concentration-dependent manner to a PUFA-free diet, separately and in combination (50\% EPA: 50\% ARA mixture). The growth-response curves obtained with EPA, ARA, and the mixture were virtually congruent and the thresholds for PUFA limitation did not differ, indicating that EPA (n-3) and ARA (n-6) were substitutable dietary resources under the applied experimental conditions. The actual requirements for EPA and ARA might change with growth conditions, e.g., under the influence of parasites or pathogens. The higher retention of ARA in Daphnia suggests that EPA and ARA are subject to different turnover rates, which also implies different physiological functions. Studies on the ARA requirements of Daphnia could provide valuable information on the presumably underestimated ecological importance of ARA in freshwater food webs.}, language = {en} } @misc{MalikHuetterAbendrothetal., author = {Malik, Alexander and H{\"u}tter, Geralf and Abendroth, Martin and Kiefer, Bjoern}, title = {Unrestricted micromorphic continuum : curvature constraints effects}, series = {Proceedings in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics}, volume = {24}, journal = {Proceedings in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics}, number = {3}, issn = {1617-7061}, doi = {10.1002/pamm.202400170}, pages = {9}, abstract = {The properties of two-phase materials, with the special case of foams, strongly depend on their microstructure. These structures are generally modeled with Hill homogenization methods to reduce the computational effort compared to full-resolution simulations. For applications where the macroscopic dimensions of the structure under consideration are only a few multiples of its internal length, size effects occur, that is, the effective mechanical properties depend on the structure size. To achieve adequate homogenization, higher-order continuum theories must then be used to account for strong gradients in mechanical quantities. The present contribution extends the classical approach with the corresponding micromorphic degrees of freedom. In contrast to previous studies in the literature, all components of the micromorphic curvature tensor are incorporated. It has shown how the individual components of the third-order curvature tensor have to be implemented. Their effects on the structural behavior are investigated in depth.}, language = {en} } @misc{MartinHorvatJaegeretal., author = {Martin, Alexander and Horvat, Djerdj and J{\"a}ger, Angela and Pilav-Velić, Amila}, title = {The impact of top management team's innovation orientation on organizational ambidexterity in transitional economies : evidence from Bosnia and Herzegovina}, series = {Technology in society}, volume = {82}, journal = {Technology in society}, publisher = {Elsevier}, address = {Amsterdam}, doi = {10.1016/j.techsoc.2025.102939}, pages = {1 -- 15}, abstract = {Organizational ambidexterity plays an essential role in understanding how firms compete and prosper in dynamic environments. However, our understanding of the antecedents and effects of organizational ambidexterity is primarily derived from studies conducted in developed economies, while transitional economies with their unique characteristics and challenges are less well understood. Grounded in upper echelon theory, this paper contends that the innovation orientation of a firm's top management team (TMT) impacts organizational ambidexterity and firm performance. Drawing on a dataset of 192 small and medium-sized companies from Bosnia and Herzegovina, and estimating several OLS regressions, we find evidence that TMT's innovation orientation negatively impacts firm performance in transitional economies. Further, we see that the impact of the TMT's innovation orientation on the balance dimension of organizational ambidexterity is inverted U-shaped. Organizational innovation culture leverages this relation. Intriguingly, we found that in transitional economies, organizational ambidexterity was not correlated with firm performance, but its components exploration and exploitation were, albeit in opposite directions. Overall, our work ads nuanced insights to the antecedents and effects of organizational ambidexterity in transitional economies.}, language = {en} } @misc{KarichCaiLinhardtetal., author = {Karich, Alexander and Cai, Hongtao and Linhardt, Anne and Antony, Anila and Liers, Christiane and Ullrich, Ren{\´e} and Schwaderer, Fabian and Kalmbach, Johannes and Scheibner, Katrin and Hofrichter, Martin and Synytska, Alla}, title = {Conductive hairy particles with homogeneous and Janus design as carrier materials for the efficient immobilization of unspecific peroxygenases}, series = {Biotechnology journal : systems \& synthetic biology, nanobiotech, medicine}, volume = {20}, journal = {Biotechnology journal : systems \& synthetic biology, nanobiotech, medicine}, number = {7}, publisher = {Wiley-VCH}, address = {Weinheim}, issn = {1860-7314}, doi = {10.1002/biot.70078}, pages = {1 -- 12}, abstract = {Efficient immobilization of unspecific peroxygenases (UPOs) on hairy particles with homogeneous and Janus design possessingconductive core and polymeric shell was demonstrated. PDMAEMA brushes (hairs) with controlled chain lengths weresuccessfully grown from the conductive silver particles allowing further immobilization of enzymes and keeping their activity.The Janus design of the synthesized particles maintained the conductivity of the core material. Enzyme immobilization onbrush-modified particles was first carried out with two laccases as model enzymes [Trametes versicolor (TveLac) and Pycnoporuscinnabarinus (PciLac)] and then successfully extended to UPOs [two wild-type and one recombinant UPO from Marasmius rotula(MroUPO) and Agrocybe aegerita (AaeUPO, rAaeUPO)]. The most efficient immobilization was achieved for MroUPO on Janusparticles. The enzyme loading is reversible and could be successfully repeated after cleaning of the particles. Thus, the successfulimmobilization of an MroUPO on conductive hairy Janus particles was demonstrated for the first time. The major advantage ofthe proposed approach lies in the reusability of the enzyme and its carrier, as well as in the use of conductive core materials, whichcould be promising, for example, as material for electrochemical biosensors in future.}, language = {en} } @misc{Martin, author = {Martin, Alexander}, title = {Digital Leadership als Paradoxiebew{\"a}ltigung : zentrale Herausforderungen der Personalf{\"u}hrung im digitalen Zeitalter}, series = {Flensburger Hefte zu Unternehmertum und Mittelstand}, volume = {2025}, journal = {Flensburger Hefte zu Unternehmertum und Mittelstand}, number = {22}, issn = {2196-3347}, doi = {10419/327152}, pages = {1 -- 22}, abstract = {Unternehmen und Organisationen sind in den letzten Jahren durch neue Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien unter erheblichen Ver{\"a}nderungs- und Anpassungsdruck geraten. Dabei hat sich im Zuge der Digitalisierung auch die Organisation von Erwerbsarbeit in massiver Art und Weise ver{\"a}ndert und es ist unter anderem zu einer verst{\"a}rkten Dezentralisierung von Entscheidung gekommen. F{\"u}hrungskr{\"a}fte werden vor diesem Hintergrund sowohl als Treiber wie auch als Betroffene der Digitalisierung vor neue Herausforderungen gestellt. In dem vorliegenden Beitrag werden auf Basis ausgew{\"a}hlter theoretischer {\"U}berlegungen und empirischer Befunde zentrale Herausforderungen an F{\"u}hrungskr{\"a}fte im Zeitalter der Digitalisierung herausgearbeitet. Im Fokus der Betrachtungen steht die Beobachtung, dass sich F{\"u}hrungskr{\"a}fte im Zuge des technologischen und gesellschaftlichen Wandels mit in Teilen paradoxen Anforderungen konfrontiert sehen. F{\"u}hrung bedeutet vor diesem Hintergrund in erster Linie einen produktiven Umgang mit Widerspr{\"u}chen. Der vorliegende Beitrag skizzierte ausgew{\"a}hlte Herausforderungen an F{\"u}hrungskr{\"a}fte im Zeitalter der Digitalisierung und zeigt etwaige M{\"o}glichkeiten zum praktischen Umgang mit diesen widerspr{\"u}chlichen Herausforderungen auf. Rekurriert wird in diesem Zusammenhang insbesondere auf die Konzepte des Paradoxical Leader Behaviors und des Paradoxical Mindets.}, language = {de} } @misc{MartinMuellenborn, author = {Martin, Alexander and M{\"u}llenborn, Tim}, title = {Organisationaler Wandel und psychische Beanspruchung von Besch{\"a}ftigten: Der vermittelnde Einfluss von Arbeitsanforderungen und Arbeitsautonomie}, number = {21}, issn = {2196-3347}, pages = {1 -- 30}, abstract = {Als Belastungsfaktor scheint organisationaler Wandel in nicht unerheblichem Maße zu einer psychischen Beanspruchung von Besch{\"a}ftigten und einer Verminderung ihres Wohlbefindens beizutragen. Hierbei stellt sich unter anderen die Frage, wie genau organisationaler Wandel das Wohlbefinden von Besch{\"a}ftigten beeinflusst. In dieser Arbeit wird der vermittelnde Einfluss von Arbeitsanforderung und Arbeitsautonomie auf den Zusammenhang zwischen organisationalem Wandel und psychischer Beanspruchung betrachtet. Mittels Daten der BIBB/BAuA-Erwerbst{\"a}tigenbefragungen aus den Jahren 2012 und 2018 wurde dieser Zusammenhang getestet. Die Ergebnisse legen den Schluss nahe, dass organisationaler Wandel sowohl einen direkten negativen Einfluss auf das psychische Wohlbefinden von Besch{\"a}ftigten besitzt als auch mit einer Erh{\"o}hung der an sie gestellten Arbeitsanforderungen einhergeht. Gleichzeitig f{\"u}hren erh{\"o}hte Arbeitsanforderungen zu einer Verringerung des psychischen Wohlbefindens, w{\"a}hrend sich eine Erh{\"o}hung der Arbeitsautonomie positiv auf das Wohlbefinden von Besch{\"a}ftigten auswirkt. Vor diesem Hintergrund sollten Organisationen ihre Besch{\"a}ftigten durch die Zur{\"u}cknahme {\"u}bertriebener Arbeitsanforderungen und die Einr{\"a}umung weitreichender Entscheidungsspielr{\"a}ume psychisch entlasten.}, language = {de} } @misc{DreherMartin, author = {Dreher, Carsten and Martin, Alexander}, title = {Innovationsmanagement}, publisher = {Deutsche Universität f{\"u}r Weiterbildung}, address = {Berlin}, language = {de} } @techreport{NadarevićMartin, author = {Nadarević, Sabine and Martin, Alexander}, title = {A comparative study on the institutional determinants of social entrepreneurial activity}, publisher = {Dr. Werner Jackst{\"a}dt-Zentrum f{\"u}r Unternehmertum und Mittelstand}, address = {Flensburg}, pages = {39}, abstract = {Social entrepreneurship intrigues researchers as well as practitioners because of its unique character: Social entrepreneurs apply business strategies to achieve a social mission and add value to society. As a young field of research, social entrepreneurship is still dominated by conceptual work and qualitative studies. By using the data of the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM 2009) and additional data sources, this study applies a comparative research design and investigates the determinants of social entrepreneurial activity. Following recent calls, it focuses on the impact of capitalism on social entrepreneurial activity on the national level. The objective of this study therefore is to investigate whether cross-country variations in social entrepreneurial activity can be explained by incorporating the type of capitalism. Drawing on institutional theory and on ideas derived from the debate on the varieties of capitalism, the joint impact of gender equality, post-materialism (both supply factors) and capitalism (demand factor) is investigated. Performing hierarchical multiple regressions (n=39), our results show that all factors contribute to explaining cross-country variations in social entrepreneurial activity, but they do so in different ways. In line with research, our study supports the finding that post-materialism unfolds the greatest impact on social entrepreneurial activity. The impact of gender equality is less clear and, overall, weaker. Capitalism itself, however, has no direct impact on social entrepreneurial activity. Instead, this factor seems to leverage the effect of post-materialism on social entrepreneurial activity. Based on these findings, we conclude that demand factors (such as capitalism) seem to play an important role in facilitating the impact of supply factors (such as post-materialism). It appears that demand factors do not work independently from supply factors, while the opposite seems to be valid. We further conclude that it is insufficient to have given demands for social entrepreneurial activity. Rather, demand for social entrepreneurial activity must be acknowledged, recognized, and valued as an opportunity for social entrepreneurship.}, language = {en} } @techreport{MesserMartin, author = {Messer, Julia and Martin, Alexander}, title = {Open Innovation in KMU : eine empirische Analyse ausgew{\"a}hlter Faktoren}, publisher = {Dr. Werner Jackst{\"a}dt-Zentrum f{\"u}r Unternehmertum und Mittelstand}, address = {Flensburg}, pages = {43}, abstract = {Die vorliegende Arbeit liefert einen Beitrag zum n{\"a}heren Verst{\"a}ndnis {\"u}ber die Treiber von Open Innovation in kleineren und mittleren Unternehmen (KMU). Im Vordergrund der {\"U}berlegungen steht die Frage, welche Faktoren zur Einf{\"u}hrung von Open Innovation in KMU f{\"u}hren. Zur Beantwortung der Forschungsfrage wurde in enger Anlehnung an Drechsler und Natter (2012) ein Modell entwickelt, welches Wettbewerbsintensit{\"a}t, F\&E-Intensit{\"a}t und Internationalisierung als zentrale Pr{\"a}diktoren f{\"u}r Open Innovation betrachtet. Zur {\"U}berpr{\"u}fung des Modells wurden drei Hypothesen formuliert und mittels einer hierarchischen Regressionsanalyse empirisch {\"u}berpr{\"u}ft. Datenbasis bildet das Mannheimer Innovationpanel 2013. Die Stichprobe umfasst 1.514 innovative KMU mit Sitz in Deutschland. Die empirische Analyse konnte die bisherigen Forschungsergebnisse in weiten Teilen best{\"a}tigen, zeigt aber auch gewisse Unterschiede zu bisherigen Erkenntnissen auf. Der F\&E-Intensit{\"a}t kommt als Treiber von Open Innovation in KMU der gr{\"o}ßte Einfluss zu, Internationalisierung besitzt hingegen den geringsten Einfluss. Insgesamt ist jedoch festzustellen, dass durch die drei ber{\"u}cksichtigen Faktoren nur 18,5 Prozent der vorgefundenen Varianz in Bezug auf Open Innovation in KMU erkl{\"a}rt werden k{\"o}nnen. Das heißt, es sind zuk{\"u}nftig weitere Faktoren f{\"u}r das Verst{\"a}ndnis {\"u}ber die relevanten Treiber von Open Innovation in KMU heranzuziehen.}, language = {de} }