@misc{HoffmannTschornSpallek, author = {Hoffmann, Stephanie and Tschorn, Mira and Spallek, Jacob}, title = {Social inequalities in early childhood language development during the COVID-19 pandemic : a descriptive study with data from three consecutive school entry surveys in Germany}, series = {International Journal for Equity in Health}, volume = {23}, journal = {International Journal for Equity in Health}, number = {2}, publisher = {BioMed Central}, address = {London}, issn = {1475-9276}, doi = {10.1186/s12939-023-02079-y}, pages = {1 -- 13}, abstract = {Background Social health inequalities are still of great public health importance in modern societies. The COVID-19 pandemic may have affected social inequalities in people's health due to containment measures. As these measures particularly affected children, they might have been particularly vulnerable to increased social inequalities. The aim of the study was to describe health inequalities during the pandemic based on language delay (LD) in children in order to inform public health interventions for a population at risk of long-term health and education inequalities. Methods Data of 5-7 year old children from three consecutive school entry surveys in the German federal state of Brandenburg were used, including data compulsorily collected before the pandemic (2018/2019: n = 19,299), at the beginning of the pandemic (2019/2020: n = 19,916) and during the pandemic (2020/2021: n = 19,698). Bivariate and multivariate binary regression analyses [OR, 95\% CI] cross-sectionally examined the relationship between the prevalence of LD [yes/no] and social inequalities, operationalized by family socioeconomic position [SEP low/middle/high], migration background [native-German language/non-native German language] and length of kindergarten attendance [< 4 years/ ≥ 4 years]. Factors contributing to inequality in LD were examined by socioeconomic stratification. Results Cross-sectionally, LD prevalence has decreased overall (2018/2019: 21.1\%, 2019/2020: 19.2\%, 2020/2021: 18.8\%), and among children from both high SEP and native German-speaking families. As LD prevalence increased among children from families with low SEP and remained stable among non-native German speakers, social inequalities in LD prevalence increased slightly during the pandemic i) by low SEP (2018/2019: OR = 4.41, 3.93-4.94; 2020/2021: OR = 5.12, 4.54-5.77) and ii) by non-German native language (2018/2019: OR = 2.22, 1.86-2.66; 2020/2021: OR = 2.54, 2.19-2.95). During the pandemic, both migration background and kindergarten attendance determined LD prevalence in the high and middle SEP strata. However, the measured factors did not contribute to LD prevalence in children from families with low SEP. Conclusion Social inequalities in LD increased due to opposing trends in prevalence comparing low and high SEP families. To promote health equity across the life course, early childhood should be of interest for tailored public health actions (e.g. through targeted interventions for kindergarten groups). Further analytical studies should investigate determinants (e.g., parental investment).}, language = {en} } @misc{MaassDockweilerHockeBolteetal., author = {Maaß, Laura and Dockweiler, Christoph and Hocke-Bolte, Zora and Hoffmann, Stephanie and Fischer, Florian and Forberger, Sarah and Gebert, Janika and Holl, Felix and Hrynyschyn, Robert and Kernebeck, Sven and Pischke, Claudia R. and Posselt, Jacqueline and Spallek, Jacob}, title = {Digital Public Health in Deutschland : Status quo, Herausforderungen und Zukunftsperspektiven}, series = {Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz}, volume = {68}, journal = {Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz}, publisher = {Springer}, address = {Berlin ; Heidelberg}, doi = {10.1007/s00103-024-03989-0}, pages = {176 -- 184}, abstract = {Dieses Positionspapier des Fachbereichs Digital Public Health der Deutschen Gesellschaft f{\"u}r Public Health e. V. definiert Digital Public Health (DiPH) und beschreibt deren Ziele sowie Potenziale. Ferner geht es auf die derzeitige Situation und Herausforderungen sowie Handlungsbedarfe in Deutschland ein. Der Schwerpunkt liegt hierbei auf der Darstellung der fl{\"a}chendeckenden F{\"o}rderung der (digitalen) Gesundheitskompetenz, der Anwendung von DiPH in der Pr{\"a}vention, Gesundheitsf{\"o}rderung und Versorgung, dem Einsatz innovativer, pr{\"a}ventiver Strategien zur Vorbeugung nicht{\"u}bertragbarer Krankheiten und der Lehre von DiPH innerhalb von Public-Health-Studieng{\"a}ngen. Zudem werden notwendige Maßnahmen und Forderungen zur St{\"a}rkung von DiPH in Deutschland res{\"u}miert.}, language = {de} } @misc{PanDeSantisMuellmannetal., author = {Pan, Chen-Chia and De Santis, Karina Karolina and Muellmann, Saskia and Hoffmann, Stephanie and Spallek, Jacob and Pedros Barnils, Nuria and Ahrens, Wolfgang and Zeeb, Hajo and Sch{\"u}tz, Benjamin}, title = {Sociodemographics and digital health literacy in using wearables for health promotion and disease prevention : cross-sectional nationwide survey in Germany}, series = {Journal of prevention}, volume = {46}, journal = {Journal of prevention}, number = {3}, publisher = {Springer US}, address = {New York}, issn = {2731-5533}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10935-024-00821-y}, pages = {371 -- 391}, abstract = {Background Wearable technologies have the potential to support health promotion and disease prevention. However, it remains unclear how the role of social determinants of health (SDoH) and digital determinants of health (DDoH) plays in this context. Objective This study investigates differences in sociodemographic factors and digital health literacy between wearable users and non-users, whether the association with wearable use varies across age groups and its potential mediator. Methods A cross-sectional nationwide telephone survey was conducted in November 2022 in a panel of adult internet users in Germany. Assessments included self-reported wearable use, sociodemographic factors (sex, age, education, household size and income, and residence region), and digital health literacy (measured with the eHealth Literacy Scale, eHEALS). Associations between wearable use, sociodemographic factors and digital health literacy were analyzed using binomial logistic regression models in the total sample and with age group stratification, with a supplementary mediation analysis examining digital health literacy as a mediator in the relationship between age and wearable use. Results Overall, 24\% (223/932) of participants (52\% male, mean age 55.6 years) reported using wearables for health. Wearable use was lower among participants aged 65 and above, with lower educational attainment, living in 1-2 person households, with below-average household income, and residing in smaller cities or former East Germany. Wearable use prevalence is substantially lower in older age groups (18-40: 36\%; 41-64: 26\%; 65+:14\%). Wearable users reported higher levels of digital health literacy (mean: 30.7, SD = 5) than non-users (mean: 28.3, SD = 6). Stratified analyses indicate that the association between digital health literacy and wearable use varies by age group, with significant positive association observed in older age groups (OR = 1.00, 95\% CI: 0.94 to 1.07 in age group 18-40; OR = 1.07, 95\% CI: 1.03 to 1.12 in age group 41-64; OR = 1.11, 95\% CI: 1.04 to 1.19 in age group 65+). Mediation analysis indicated that digital health literacy partially mediates the relationship between age and wearable use (indirect effect: coefficient = -0.0156, 95\% CI: -0.0244 to -0.00791, p <.001). Conclusions This study indicates sociodemographic disparities in wearable use among the German population and differences in digital health literacy between wearable users and non-users. A generational divide in wearable use was identified, with older adults being less likely to embrace this technology. This was especially true for older adults with lower digital health literacy. Future public health initiatives employing health technologies should take SDoH and DDoH into consideration to ensure effective and equitable impacts.}, language = {en} } @misc{DeSantisMartensChristiansonetal., author = {De Santis, Karina Karolina and Martens, Lea and Christianson, Lara and Bangert, Benjamin and Hoffmann, Stephanie and Spallek, Jacob and Zeeb, Hajo}, title = {Attitudes of older people towards telerehabilitation : a scoping review protocol}, series = {Open science framework}, journal = {Open science framework}, publisher = {Center for Open Science}, address = {Charlottesville, VA}, doi = {10.17605/OSF.IO/F965Z}, pages = {1 -- 8}, language = {en} }