@misc{GargalianouUrbigWitteloostuijn, author = {Gargalianou, Vasiliki and Urbig, Diemo and Witteloostuijn, Arjen van}, title = {Cooperating or competing in three languages: Cultural accommodation or alienation?}, series = {Cross-Cultural \& Strategic Management}, volume = {24}, journal = {Cross-Cultural \& Strategic Management}, number = {1}, doi = {10.1108/CCSM-01-2016-0008}, pages = {167 -- 191}, abstract = {Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of using foreign languages on cooperative behavior in a prisoner's dilemma setting. The cultural accommodation hypothesis suggests that people are less cooperative in English, associated with the Anglophone cultural cluster, than in French, which is - as is Belgium - associated with the more cooperative Latin European cultural cluster. Design/methodology/approach: Choices are framed as pricing strategies in the context of duopolistic competition. In total, 422 Flemish-Belgium participants with English and French as foreign and Dutch as their native language played in one of three language treatments. Findings: While the authors observe differences between the native and both foreign languages, which are moderated by gender, the authors do not find any difference in effects between the two foreign languages that are associated with different cultures. Extending cultural accommodation arguments, the data suggests an effect specific to the use of the two selected foreign languages. Originality/value The authors contribute to this literature by reporting an experimental test of cultural accommodation and alienation effects related to two foreign languages. The authors explore novel arguments, related to cognitive psychology and gender effects.}, language = {en} } @misc{GargalianouMuehlfeldUrbigetal., author = {Gargalianou, Vasiliki and Muehlfeld, Katrin and Urbig, Diemo and Witteloostuijn, Arjen van}, title = {Foreign Language Anxiety in Professional Contexts : A Short Scale and Evidence of Personality and Gender Differences}, series = {Schmalenbach Business Review}, volume = {17}, journal = {Schmalenbach Business Review}, number = {2}, issn = {1439-2917}, doi = {10.1007/s41464-016-0007-6}, pages = {195 -- 223}, abstract = {While increasing globalization of the business world and rising numbers of people working in foreign language contexts are undoubted facts of modern work life, there are surprisingly few studies on individuals' emotional reactions to working in a foreign language. Facilitating further research, we introduce a short scale for foreign language anxiety that is applicable in business and other professional contexts. Additionally, we investigate its relationship with gender and general personality traits. Our analysis of survey data from 320 adult bilinguals with Dutch as their mother tongue and English as foreign language demonstrates the reliability of the short scale. Furthermore, we find that females experience higher levels of FLA, but that this association is mediated by differences in personality. Our study contributes to the emerging literature on individuals' (emotional) responses to using foreign languages in business contexts.}, language = {en} } @misc{GeenenUrbigMuehlfeldetal., author = {Geenen, Noreen Y. R. and Urbig, Diemo and Muehlfeld, Katrin and Witteloostuijn, Arjen van and Gargalianou, Vasiliki}, title = {BIS and BAS: Biobehaviorally rooted drivers of entrepreneurial intent}, series = {Personality and Individual Differences}, volume = {95}, journal = {Personality and Individual Differences}, issn = {0191-8869}, doi = {10.1016/j.paid.2016.02.023}, pages = {204 -- 213}, abstract = {We document the predictive relevance of the behavioral inhibition system (BIS) and the behavioral approach system (BAS) in a novel domain of societal importance: entrepreneurship. Based on structural equation models, Study 1 (N = 320) reveals that BAS reward responsiveness (BAS-RR) has a negative and BAS fun seeking (BAS-FS) has a positive association with entrepreneurial intent. Similar results emerge for Study 2 (N = 470): BAS-RR is negatively and BAS drive (BAS-D) is positively related to entrepreneurial intent. Additionally, Study 2 includes entrepreneurial experience, which is negatively related with BAS-RR and positively with BAS-D. We do not find any significant relationship between the BIS and entrepreneurial intent or experience. Our results support the multidimensionality of the BAS, with the subscales being differently associated with both entrepreneurial intent and experience. Finally, by simultaneously including intent and experience, Study 2 makes a methodological contribution related to the validity of student samples when analyzing entrepreneurial intent.}, language = {en} }