@misc{BochAllanBirkhoferetal., author = {Boch, Steffen and Allan, Eric and Birkhofer, Klaus and Bossdorf, Oliver and Bl{\"u}thgen, Nico and Christ-Breulmann, Sabina and Diek{\"o}tter, Tim and Dormann, Carsten F. and Gossner, Martin M. and Hallmann, Christine and Hemp, Andreas and H{\"o}lzel, Norbert and Jung, Kirsten and Klaus, Valentin H. and Klein, Alexandra M. and Kleinebecker, Till and Lange, Markus and M{\"u}ller, J{\"o}rg and Nacke, Heiko and Prati, Daniel and Renner, Swen C. and Rothenw{\"o}hrer, Christoph and Schall, Peter and Schulze, Ernst-Detlef and Socher, Stephanie A. and Tscharntke, Teja and T{\"u}rke, Manfred and Weiner, Christiane N. and Weisser, Wolfgang W. and Westphal, Catrin and Wolters, Volkmar and Wubet, Tesfaye and Fischer, Markus}, title = {Extensive und j{\"a}hrlich wechselnde Nutzungsintensit{\"a}t f{\"o}rdert den Artenreichtum im Gr{\"u}nland}, series = {ANLIEGEN NATUR}, volume = {38}, journal = {ANLIEGEN NATUR}, number = {1}, issn = {1864-0729}, pages = {86 -- 95}, language = {de} } @misc{HayatSpiritoCorleyWiciaketal., author = {Hayat, Ahsan and Spirito, Davide and Corley-Wiciak, Agnieszka Anna and Schubert, Markus Andreas and Masood, Maria and Reichmann, Felix and Ratzke, Markus and Capellini, Giovanni and Fischer, Inga Anita}, title = {MBE-based growth of Sn-rich quantum wells and dots at low Sn deposition rates}, series = {Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing}, volume = {165}, journal = {Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing}, issn = {1873-4081}, doi = {10.1016/j.mssp.2023.107693}, language = {en} } @misc{BambachFischerRoehrich, author = {Bambach, Markus and Fischer, Georg and R{\"o}hrich, Tobias}, title = {Verfahren und Anlage zur kombiniert additiven und umformenden Fertigung}, language = {de} } @misc{FischerWeissWimmer, author = {Fischer, Alfons and Weiß, Sabine and Wimmer, Markus A.}, title = {The Tribological Difference between Biomedical Steels and CoCrMo-Alloys}, series = {Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials}, volume = {9}, journal = {Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials}, issn = {1878-0180}, pages = {50 -- 62}, language = {en} } @misc{ZaplataWinterBiemeltetal., author = {Zaplata, Markus Klemens and Winter, Susanne and Biemelt, Detlef and Fischer, Anton}, title = {Immediate shift towards source dynamics: The pioneer species Conyza canadensis in an initial ecosystem}, series = {Flora - Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants}, volume = {206}, journal = {Flora - Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants}, number = {11}, doi = {10.1016/j.flora.2011.07.001}, pages = {928 -- 934}, abstract = {The aim of this study was to detect a potential temporal shift from sink to source dynamics of pioneer plants during primary succession. The study was done in an initial ecosystem, namely an artificially constructed catchment on Pleistocene sands in eastern Germany. The import and export of seeds (including soil seed bank and seed rain), the development of vegetation cover and the population size of all pioneer species were recorded in 2005-2009. The interplay between the spatial distribution of seed rain and the prevailing wind direction provide evidence that seeds of Conyza canadensis (Asteraceae) first and to a considerable amount left the developing ecosystem. A change from a sink to source dynamics was detected already in the first year of both the existence of the site and occurrence of C. canadensis individuals within the site. Population patterns at the landscape unit scale demonstrated extensive auto-correlations in the coverage of this invasive plant at first. Our results underline the pioneer traits of C. canadensis as a prolific seeder and excellent wind disperser, which enables this species to become rapidly dominant over relatively large areas.}, language = {en} } @misc{AhmelsVossGagoetal., author = {Ahmels, Peter and Voß, Ulrike and Gago, Aldo and Lettenmeier, Philipp and Voglst{\"a}tter, Christopher and Schmitz, Steffen and Kleinickel, Cindy and Barsch, Markus and Rockmann, Rico and Pumpa, Martin and Fischer, Ulrich and Voigt, Andr{\´e}}, title = {Wasserstoff zur Windenergiespeicherung - Ergebnisse des Projektes WESpe}, series = {HZwei: das Magazin f{\"u}r Wasserstoff und Brennstoffzellen}, volume = {18}, journal = {HZwei: das Magazin f{\"u}r Wasserstoff und Brennstoffzellen}, number = {2}, issn = {1862-393X}, pages = {28 -- 30}, language = {de} } @misc{ZaplataWinterFischeretal., author = {Zaplata, Markus Klemens and Winter, Susanne and Fischer, Anton and Kollmann, Johannes and Ulrich, Werner}, title = {Species-driven phases and increasing structure in early-successional plant communities}, series = {The American Naturalist}, volume = {Vol. 181}, journal = {The American Naturalist}, number = {1}, doi = {10.1086/668571}, pages = {E17 -- E27}, abstract = {Successional phases describe changes in ecological communities that proceed in steps rather than continuously. Despite their importance for the understanding of ecosystem development, there still exists no reliable definition of phases and no quantitative measure of phase transitions. In order to obtain these data, we investigated primary succession in an artificial catchment (6 ha) in eastern Germany over a period of 6 years. The data set consists of records of plant species and their cover values, and initial substrate properties, both from plots in a regular grid (20 m × 20 m) suitable for spatial data analysis. Community assembly was studied by analyses of species co-occurrence and nestedness. Additionally, we correlated lognormal and log series distributions of species abundance to each community. We here introduce a new general method for detection of successional phases based on the degree of transient spatial homogeneity in the study system. Spatially coherent vegetation patterns revealed non-overlapping partitions within this sequence of primary succession and were characterized as two distinct ecological phases. Patterns of species co-occurrence were increasingly less random, and hence the importance of demographic stochasticity and neutral community assembly decreased during the study period. Our findings highlight the spatial dimension of successional phases and quantify the degree of change between these steps. They are an element for advancing a more reliable terminology of ecological successions.}, language = {en} } @misc{ZaplataWinterBiemeltetal., author = {Zaplata, Markus Klemens and Winter, S. and Biemelt, Detlef and Fischer, A.}, title = {Colonization potential of the opportunistic herb Conyza canadensis at the landscape scale in an initial catchment}, language = {en} } @misc{WeinhardtFuchsFischeretal., author = {Weinhardt, Lothar and Fuchs, Oliver and Fischer, Andr{\´e} and Weigand, Markus and Meyer, Frank and Benkert, Andreas and Blum, Monika and B{\"a}r, Marcus and Pookpanratana, Sujitra and Denlinger, Jonathan D. and Heske, Clemens and Umbach, Eberhard}, title = {Site- and Symmetry-resolved Resonant X-ray Emission Study of a Highly-ordered PTCDA Thin Film}, series = {The Journal of Physical Chemistry: C}, volume = {120}, journal = {The Journal of Physical Chemistry: C}, number = {16}, issn = {1932-7447}, doi = {10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b12422}, pages = {8607 -- 8615}, language = {en} } @misc{NitschRatzkePozarowskaetal., author = {Nitsch, Paul-G. and Ratzke, Markus and Pozarowska, Emilia and Flege, Jan Ingo and Alvarado Chavarin, Carlos and Wenger, Christian and Fischer, Inga Anita}, title = {Deposition of reduced ceria thin films by reactive magnetron sputtering for the development of a resistive gas sensor}, series = {Verhandlungen der DPG, Berlin 2024}, journal = {Verhandlungen der DPG, Berlin 2024}, publisher = {Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft}, address = {Bad Honnef}, issn = {0420-0195}, abstract = {The use of cerium oxide for hydrogen sensing is limited by the low electrical conductivity of layers deposited from a ceria target. To increase the electrical conductivity, partially reduced cerium oxide layers were obtained from a metallic cerium target by reactive magnetron sputtering. The proportions of the oxidation states Ce3+, present in reduced species, and Ce4+, present in fully oxidized species, were determined by ex-situ XPS. For electrical characterization, films were deposited on planarized tungsten finger electrodes. IV curves were measured over several days to investigate possible influences of oxygen and humidity on electrical conductivity. The morphological stability of the layers under ambient conditions was investigated by microscopical methods. The XPS results show a significant amount of Ce3+ in the layers. The electrical conductivity of as-grown samples is several orders of magnitude higher than that of samples grown from a ceria target. However, the conductivity decreases over time, indicating an oxidation of the layers. The surface morphology of the samples was found to be changing drastically within days, leading to partial delamination.}, language = {en} } @misc{KemperLedeckyFeldmannetal., author = {Kemper, Frank and Ledecky, Lukas and Feldmann, Markus and Pasternak, Hartmut and Fischer, Vitali}, title = {Zeitabh{\"a}ngige Windbeanspruchungen von geklebten Fassadenanschl{\"u}ssen}, series = {Bauingenieur}, volume = {92}, journal = {Bauingenieur}, number = {3}, issn = {1436-4867}, pages = {115 -- 122}, abstract = {F{\"u}r die Bemessung lastabtragender Klebverbindungen im Fassadenbereich ist zu beachten, dass die Windbelastungen auf den Bauwerksoberfl{\"a}chen sowohl zeitlich als auch r{\"a}umlich ver{\"a}nderlich sind. W{\"a}hrend f{\"u}r {\"u}bliche Fassadenanschl{\"u}sse eine Bemessung mit charakteristischen Extremwerten ausreichend ist, muss beim Einsatz von sowohl h{\"o}hermoduligen (z.B. Acrylat) als auch niedrigmoduligen (z.B. Polyurethan) Klebstoffen, die beide ein zeit- und temperaturabh{\"a}ngiges Materialverhalten aufweisen, eine vollst{\"a}ndige Beschreibung dieser zeitbezogenen Lasteinwirkungen erfolgen. Nur dadurch wird letztlich die erforderliche betriebsfeste Auslegung eines geklebten Fassadenanschlusses erm{\"o}glicht. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird die Ermittlung von zeitbezogenen Lasteinwirkungen und die Berechnung der daraus resultierenden Beanspruchungs-Zeit-Funktionen infolge einer nat{\"u}rlichen Windeinwirkungen auf Basis von Windkanalversuchen und Windstatistik thematisiert. Anhand geeigneter Z{\"a}hlverfahren und unter Ber{\"u}cksichtigung von klebstoffspezifischen Materialeigenschaften wird exemplarisch aufgezeigt, inwiefern unterschiedliche Fassadenpositionen und Windeigenschaften f{\"u}r die Auslegung von geklebten Fassadenanschl{\"u}ssen von Bedeutung sind.}, language = {de} } @misc{BergmannAyasseSchlipfetal., author = {Bergmann, Fritz and Ayasse, Markus and Schlipf, Jon and M{\"o}rz, Florian and Weißhaupt, David and Oehme, Michael and Prucnal, Slawomir and Kawaguchi, Yuma and Schwarz, Daniel and Fischer, Inga Anita and Schulze, J{\"o}rg}, title = {Plasmonic gratings from highly doped Ge1-ySny films on Si}, series = {Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics}, volume = {54}, journal = {Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics}, number = {44}, issn = {1361-6463}, language = {en} } @misc{BerkmannAyasseMoerzetal., author = {Berkmann, Fritz and Ayasse, Markus and M{\"o}rz, Florian and Fischer, Inga Anita and Schulze, J{\"o}rg}, title = {Titanium and Nickel as alternative materials for mid Infrared Plasmonic}, series = {44th International Convention on Information, Communication and Electronic Technology, MIPRO 2021, Opatija, Croatia, September 27 - Oct. 1, 2021}, journal = {44th International Convention on Information, Communication and Electronic Technology, MIPRO 2021, Opatija, Croatia, September 27 - Oct. 1, 2021}, publisher = {Piscataway}, address = {IEEE}, isbn = {978-953-233-101-1}, doi = {10.23919/MIPRO52101.2021.9597155}, pages = {36 -- 39}, language = {en} } @misc{NeyretLeProvostBoesingetal., author = {Neyret, Margot and Le Provost, Ga{\"e}tane and Boesing, Andrea Larissa and Schneider, Florian D. and Baulechner, Dennis and Bergmann, Joana and Vries, Franciska T. de and Fiore-Donno, Anna Maria and Geisen, Stefan and Goldmann, Kezia and Merges, Anna and Saifutdinov, Ruslan A. and Simons, Nadja K. and Tobias, Joseph A. and Zaitsev, Andrey S. and Gossner, Martin M. and Jung, Kirsten and Kandeler, Ellen and Krauss, Jochen and Penone, Caterina and Schloter, Michael and Schulz, Stefanie and Staab, Michael and Wolters, Volkmar and Apostolakis, Antonios and Birkhofer, Klaus and Boch, Steffen and Boeddinghaus, Runa S. and Bolliger, Ralph and Bonkowski, Michael and Buscot, Fran{\c{c}}ois and Dumack, Kenneth and Fischer, Markus and Gan, Huei Ying and Heinze, Johannes and H{\"o}lzel, Norbert and John, Katharina and Klaus, Valentin H. and Kleinebecker, Till and Marhan, Sven and M{\"u}ller, J{\"o}rg and Renner, Swen C. and Rillig, Matthias C. and Schenk, No{\"e}lle V. and Sch{\"o}ning, Ingo and Schrumpf, Marion and Seibold, Sebastian and Socher, Stephanie A. and Solly, Emily F. and Teuscher, Miriam and Kleunen, Mark van and Wubet, Tesfaye and Manning, Peter}, title = {A slow-fast trait continuum at the whole community level in relation to land-use intensification}, series = {Nature Communications}, volume = {15}, journal = {Nature Communications}, number = {1}, issn = {2041-1723}, doi = {10.1038/s41467-024-45113-5}, abstract = {AbstractOrganismal functional strategies form a continuum from slow- to fast-growing organisms, in response to common drivers such as resource availability and disturbance. However, whether there is synchronisation of these strategies at the entire community level is unclear. Here, we combine trait data for 2800 above- and belowground taxa from 14 trophic guilds spanning a disturbance and resource availability gradient in German grasslands. The results indicate that most guilds consistently respond to these drivers through both direct and trophically mediated effects, resulting in a 'slow-fast' axis at the level of the entire community. Using 15 indicators of carbon and nutrient fluxes, biomass production and decomposition, we also show that fast trait communities are associated with faster rates of ecosystem functioning. These findings demonstrate that 'slow' and 'fast' strategies can be manifested at the level of whole communities, opening new avenues of ecosystem-level functional classification.}, language = {en} } @misc{ReiterHanMaietal., author = {Reiter, Sebastian and Han, Weijia and Mai, Christian and Spirito, Davide and Jose, Josmy and Z{\"o}llner, Marvin Hartwig and Fursenko, Oksana and Schubert, Markus Andreas and Stemmler, Ivo and Wenger, Christian and Fischer, Inga Anita}, title = {Titanium Nitride Plasmonic Nanohole Arrays for CMOS-Compatible Integrated Refractive Index Sensing: Influence of Layer Thickness on Optical Properties}, series = {Plasmonics}, journal = {Plasmonics}, issn = {1557-1963}, doi = {10.1007/s11468-023-01810-3}, pages = {1 -- 13}, language = {en} } @book{HoffmannAndersFischeretal., author = {Hoffmann, Melanie and Anders, Kenneth and Fischer, Lars and B{\"o}llmann, J{\"o}rg and Br{\"u}ckner, Ardo and Brunk, Ingo and Donath, Helmut and Donat, Ralf and Elmer, Michael and G{\"u}th, Mareike and H{\"a}ußler, Robert and Mrzljak, Jadranka and Mudra, Dieter and M{\"u}ller, Markus and Peschel, Tim and Pilz, Wilfried and Sawade, Wolfgang and Schonert, P. and Siedschlag, Marina and Siedschlag, Yvonne and Wanner, Manfred and W{\"o}llecke, Jens}, title = {Kolonisten gesucht! Steckbriefe nat{\"u}rlicher und sozialer Besiedler der Bergbaufolgelandschaft Schlabendorfer Felder}, editor = {Hoffmann, Melanie and Anders, Kenneth and Fischer, Lars}, publisher = {B{\"u}ro f{\"u}r Landschaftskommunikation}, address = {Bad Freienwalde}, pages = {52}, language = {de} } @misc{SchaafElmerFischeretal., author = {Schaaf, Wolfgang and Elmer, Michael and Fischer, Anton and Gerwin, Werner and Nenov, Rossen and Pretzsch, Hans and Zaplata, Markus Klemens}, title = {Feedbacks between vegetation, surface structures and hydrology during initial development of the artificial catchment 'Chicken Creek'}, series = {Procedia Environmental Sciences}, volume = {19}, journal = {Procedia Environmental Sciences}, issn = {1878-0296}, doi = {10.1016/j.proenv.2013.06.010}, pages = {86 -- 95}, abstract = {Our investigations at the artificial catchment ´Chicken Creek´ in Lusatia/Germany aim to disentangle and understand the feedback mechanisms and interrelationships of processes and their co-development with spatial and temporal structures and patterns by studying this initial, probably less complex ecosystem. Intensive measurements were carried out in the catchment with regard to the development of surface structures, hydrological patterns, and vegetation dynamics. During the first seven years, considerable changes within the catchment were observed. Both internal and external factors could be identified as driving forces for the formation of structures and patterns in the artificial catchment. Initial structures formed by the construction process and initial substrate characteristics were decisive for the distribution and flow of water. External factors like episodic events triggered erosion and dissection during this initial phase, promoted by the low vegetation cover and the unconsolidated sandy substrate. The transformation of the initial geo-system into areas with evolving terrestrial or aquatic characteristics and from a very episodic to a more permanent stream network and discharge, together with the observed vegetation dynamics increased site diversity and heterogeneity with respect to water and nutrient availability and transformation processes compared to the more homogenous conditions at point zero. The processes and feedback mechanisms in the initial development of a new landscape may deviate in rates, intensity and dominance from those known from mature ecosystems. It is therefore crucial to understand these early phases of ecosystem development and to disentangle the increasingly complex interactions between the evolving terrestrial and aquatic, biotic and abiotic compartments of the system. Artificially created catchments could be a suitable tool to study these initial developments at the landscape scale under known, designed and defined boundary conditions.}, language = {en} } @misc{BiberSeifertZaplataetal., author = {Biber, Peter and Seifert, Stefan and Zaplata, Markus Klemens and Schaaf, Wolfgang and Pretzsch, Hans and Fischer, Anton}, title = {Relationships between substrate, surface characteristics, and vegetation in an initial ecosystem}, series = {Biogeosciences}, volume = {10}, journal = {Biogeosciences}, doi = {10.5194/bg-10-8283-2013}, pages = {8283 -- 8303}, abstract = {We investigated surface and vegetation dynamics in the artificial initial ecosystem "Chicken Creek" (Lusatia, Germany) in the years 2006-2011 across a wide spectrum of empirical data. We scrutinized three overarching hypotheses concerning (1) the relations between initial geomorphological and substrate characteristics with surface structure and terrain properties, (2) the effects of the latter on the occurrence of grouped plant species, and (3) vegetation density effects on terrain surface change. Our data comprise and conflate annual vegetation monitoring results, biennial terrestrial laser scans (starting in 2008), annual groundwater levels, and initially measured soil characteristics. The empirical evidence mostly confirms the hypotheses, revealing statistically significant relations for several goal variables: (1) the surface structure properties, local rill density, local relief energy and terrain surface height change; (2) the cover of different plant groups (annual, herbaceous, grass-like, woody, Fabaceae), and local vegetation height; and (3) terrain surface height change showed significant time-dependent relations with a variable that proxies local plant biomass. Additionally, period specific effects (like a calendar-year optimum effect for the occurrence of Fabaceae) were proven. Further and beyond the hypotheses, our findings on the spatiotemporal dynamics during the system's early development grasp processes which generally mark the transition from a geo-hydro-system towards a bio-geo-hydro system (weakening geomorphology effects on substrate surface dynamics, while vegetation effects intensify with time), where pure geomorphology or substrate feedbacks are changing into vegetation-substrate feedback processes.}, language = {en} } @misc{UlrichPiwczynskiZaplataetal., author = {Ulrich, Werner and Piwczynski, Marcin and Zaplata, Markus Klemens and Winter, Susanne and Schaaf, Wolfgang and Fischer, Anton}, title = {Small-scale spatial variability in phylogenetic community structure during early plant succession depends on soil properties}, series = {Oecologia}, volume = {175}, journal = {Oecologia}, number = {3}, doi = {10.1007/s00442-014-2954-2}, pages = {985 -- 995}, abstract = {During early plant succession, the phylogenetic structure of a community changes in response to important environmental filters and emerging species interactions. We traced the development of temperate-zone plant communities during the first 7 years of primary succession on catchment soils to explore patterns of initial species assembly. We found pronounced small-scale differences in the phylogenetic composition of neighbouring plant assemblages and a large-scale trend towards phylogenetic evenness. This small-scale variability appears to be mediated by soil properties, particularly carbonate content. Therefore, abiotic environmental conditions might counteract or even supersede the effects of interspecific competition among closely related species, which are usually predicted to exhibit patterns of phylogenetic evenness. We conclude that theories on phylogenetic community composition need to incorporate effects of small-scale variability of environmental factors.}, language = {en} } @misc{UlrichZaplataWinteretal., author = {Ulrich, Werner and Zaplata, Markus Klemens and Winter, Susanne and Schaaf, Wolfgang and Fischer, Anton and Soliveres, Santiago and Gotelli, Nicholas J.}, title = {Species interactions and random dispersal rather than habitat filtering drive community assembly during early plant succession}, series = {Oikos}, volume = {125}, journal = {Oikos}, number = {5}, doi = {10.1111/oik.02658}, pages = {698 -- 707}, abstract = {Theory on plant succession predicts a temporal increase in the complexity of spatial community structure and of competitive interactions: initially random occurrences of early colonising species shift towards spatially and competitively structured plant associations in later successional stages. Here we use long-term data on early plant succession in a German post mining area to disentangle the importance of random colonisation, habitat filtering, and competition on the temporal and spatial development of plant community structure. We used species co-occurrence analysis and a recently developed method for assessing competitive strength and hierarchies (transitive versus intransitive competitive orders) in multispecies communities. We found that species turnover decreased through time within interaction neighbourhoods, but increased through time outside interaction neighbourhoods. Successional change did not lead to modular community structure. After accounting for species richness effects, the strength of competitive interactions and the proportion of transitive competitive hierarchies increased through time. Although effects of habitat filtering were weak, random colonization and subsequent competitive interactions had strong effects on community structure. Because competitive strength and transitivity were poorly correlated with soil characteristics, there was little evidence for context dependent competitive strength associated with intransitive competitive hierarchies.}, language = {en} } @misc{UlrichPiwczynskiZaplataetal., author = {Ulrich, Werner and Piwczynski, Marcin and Zaplata, Markus Klemens and Winter, Susanne and Schaaf, Wolfgang and Fischer, Anton}, title = {Soil conditions and phylogenetic relatedness influence total community trait space during early plant succession}, series = {Journal of Plant Ecology}, volume = {7}, journal = {Journal of Plant Ecology}, number = {4}, doi = {10.1093/jpe/rtt048}, pages = {321 -- 329}, abstract = {The total space of traits covered by the members of plant communities is an important parameter of ecosystem functioning and complexity. We trace the variability of trait space during early plant succession and ask how trait space co-varies with phylogenetic community structure and soil conditions. Particularly, we are interested in the small-scale variability in trait space and the influence of biotic and abiotic filters. We use data on species richness and soil conditions from the first 7 years of initial succession of an artificial catchment in north-eastern Germany. Total functional attribute diversity serves as a proxy to total trait space. Total trait space steadily increased during succession. We observed high small-scale variability in total trait space that was positively correlated with species richness and phylogenetic segregation and negatively correlated with total plant cover. Trait space increased with soil carbonate content, while pH and the fraction of sandy material behaved indifferently. Our results indicate that during early succession, habitat filtering processes gain importance leading to a lesser increase in trait space than expected from the increase in species richness alone.}, language = {en} } @misc{SchaafElmerFischeretal., author = {Schaaf, Wolfgang and Elmer, Michael and Fischer, Anton and Gerwin, Werner and Nenov, Rossen and Pretzsch, Hans and Seifert, Stefan and Winter, Susanne and Zaplata, Markus Klemens}, title = {Monitoring the formation of structures and patterns during initial development of an artificial catchment}, series = {Environmental Monitoring and Assessment}, volume = {Vol. 185}, journal = {Environmental Monitoring and Assessment}, number = {7}, issn = {0167-6369}, doi = {10.1007/s10661-012-2998-x}, pages = {5965 -- 5986}, abstract = {The objective of this paper is to present observations, results from monitoring measurements, and preliminary conclusions about the development of patterns and structures during the first 5 years of development of an artificial catchment starting from point zero. We discuss the high relevance of initial system traits and external events for the system development and draw conclusions for further research. These investigations as part of a Collaborative Research Center, aim to disentangle and understand the feedback mechanisms and interrelationships of processes and their co-development with spatial and temporal structures and patterns by studying an initial, probably less complex ecosystem. Therefore, intensive measurements were carried out in the catchment with regard to the development of surface structures, hydrological patterns, vegetation dynamics, water chemistry, and element budgets. During the first 5 years, considerable changes within the catchment were observed. Both internal and external factors could be identified as driving forces for the formation of structures and patterns in the artificial catchment. Initial structures formed by the construction process and initial substrate characteristics were decisive for the distribution and flow of water. External factors like episodic events triggered erosion and dissection during this initial phase, promoted by the low vegetation cover, and the unconsolidated sandy substrate. The transformation of the initial geosystem into areas with evolving terrestrial or aquatic characteristics and from a very episodic to a more permanent stream network and discharge, together with the observed vegetation dynamics increased site diversity and heterogeneity with respect to water and nutrient availability and transformation processes compared with the more homogenous conditions at point zero. The processes and feedback mechanisms in the initial development of a new landscape may deviate in rates, intensity, and dominance from those known from mature ecosystems. It is therefore crucial to understand these early phases of ecosystem development and to disentangle the increasingly complex interactions between the evolving terrestrial and aquatic, biotic, and abiotic compartments of the system. Long-term monitoring of initial ecosystems may provide important data and parameters on processes and the crucial role of spatial and temporal structures and patterns to solve these problems. Artificially created catchments could be a suitable tool to study these initial developments at the landscape scale under known, designed, and defined boundary conditions.}, language = {en} } @misc{WinterZaplataRzannyetal., author = {Winter, Susanne and Zaplata, Markus Klemens and Rzanny, Michael and Schaaf, Wolfgang and Fischer, Anton and Ulrich, Werner}, title = {Increasing ecological multifunctionality during early plant succession}, series = {Plant Ecology}, volume = {220}, journal = {Plant Ecology}, number = {4-5}, issn = {1573-5052}, doi = {10.1007/s11258-019-00930-3}, pages = {499 -- 509}, abstract = {Ecological multifunctionality quantifies the functional performance of various important plant traits and increases with growing structural habitat heterogeneity, number of plant functional traits, and species richness. However, the successional changes in multifunctionality have not been traced so far. We use quantitative plant samples of 1 m2 plots from the first 6 years of initial vegetation dynamics in a German created catchment to infer the temporal changes in plant functional trait space and multifunctionality. Multifunctionality at the plot level was in all study years lower than expected from a random sample of the local pool of potential colonizers and was lowest at intermediate states of succession. In each year species containing a specific set of traits occurred with limited but focused functionality. The observed average low degree of multifunctionality contrasts with recent models predicting a tendency towards maximum multifunctionality during plant community development. However, variability in multifunctionality among plots increased during succession and the respective multifunctionality distribution among plots was increasingly right skewed indicating an excess of plots with relatively high multifunctionality. This relative excess of plots with high multifunctionality might act as an important trigger of community development paving the way for new species and functions to become established.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchaafElmerGerwinetal., author = {Schaaf, Wolfgang and Elmer, Michael and Gerwin, Werner and Fischer, Anton and Zaplata, Markus Klemens and Nenov, Rossen}, title = {Feedbacks between structures and processes during initial ecosystem development in an artificial catchment}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2013, Vienna, Austria, 07 - 12 April 2013}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2013, Vienna, Austria, 07 - 12 April 2013}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, abstract = {We studied the role of strutures and processes and their feedbacks during initial ecosystem development in the artificial catchment Chicken Creek. During the first seven years, considerable changes within the catchment were observed. Both internal and external factors could be identified as driving forces for the formation of structures and patterns in the artificial catchment. Initial structures formed by the construction process and initial substrate characteristics were decisive for the distribution and flow of water. External factors like episodic events triggered erosion and dissection during this initial phase, promoted by the low vegetation cover and the unconsolidated sandy substrate. The transformation of the initial geo-system into areas with evolving terrestrial or aquatic characteristics and from a very episodic to a more permanent stream network and discharge, together with the observed vegetation dynamics increased site diversity and heterogeneity with respect to water and nutrient availability and transformation processes compared to the more homogenous conditions at point zero. The processes and feedback mechanisms in the initial development of a new landscape may deviate in rates, intensity and dominance from those known from mature ecosystems. It is therefore crucial to understand these early phases of ecosystem development and to disentangle the increasingly complex interactions between the evolving terrestrial and aquatic, biotic and abiotic compartments of the system. Artificially created catchments could be a suitable tool to study these initial developments at the landscape scale under known, designed and defined boundary conditions.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{ZaplataKollmannUlrichetal., author = {Zaplata, Markus Klemens and Kollmann, Johannes and Ulrich, Werner and Winter, Susanne and Schaaf, Wolfgang and Elmer, Michael and Gerwin, Werner and Fischer, Anton}, title = {Cover balance or degree of autocorrelation? It is the same and integratively traces pattern formation during succession}, series = {Gf{\"O} 43rd Annual Meeting, Building bridges in ecology, linking systems, scales and disciplines, September 9 to 13, 2013, Potsdam, Germany}, booktitle = {Gf{\"O} 43rd Annual Meeting, Building bridges in ecology, linking systems, scales and disciplines, September 9 to 13, 2013, Potsdam, Germany}, editor = {Jeltsch, Florian and Joshi, Jasmin}, pages = {228 -- 229}, abstract = {It is widely acknowledged that increasing complexity is a key attribute of ecosystem genesis. This is particularly true for primary succession on homogeneous substrates. However, a mechanistic understanding of spatial colonisation and pattern formation during primary succession has not been achieved yet. Thus, we studied this topic for 7 years within an experimental catchment (6 ha) established in the post-mining landscape of eastern Germany. Equidistant permanent plots (120 plots {\`a} 25m²) allowed for autocorrelation analyses, and thus tracing the spatial development of species cover performance. For each species tested, the "cover balance" first increased due to colonization, while decreasing in the course of succession. Drawing a benefit from these temporal trends, we suggested cover balance levels revealed by autocorrelation analyses to best indicate well-defined phases in primary succession at spatial entities. Hence, with the help of this spatial approach, terrestrial succession can be understood now much better at the most general level of the hierarchy provided by Pickett et al. (1987). In accordance with these authors, at subordinated levels of the causal hierarchy differential species performance might get collectively explained by contributing processes or conditions, such as ecophysiological traits, life history strategies, competition and allelopathy of the occurring plant species. Further research is needed to understand their relative contributions to the pattern formation.}, language = {en} } @misc{ZaplataFischerWinteretal., author = {Zaplata, Markus Klemens and Fischer, A. and Winter, S. and Schaaf, Wolfgang and Veste, Maik}, title = {Development of an initial ecosystem - II. Vegetation dynamics and soil pattern in an artificial water catchment in Lusatia, NE Germany}, series = {Gf{\"O} 2009: Dimensions of ecology - From global change to molecular ecology}, journal = {Gf{\"O} 2009: Dimensions of ecology - From global change to molecular ecology}, editor = {Holzheu, Stefan and Thies, B.}, publisher = {Bayreuther Zentrum f{\"u}r {\"O}kologie und Umweltforschung (BayCEER) Selbstverlag}, address = {Bayreuth}, pages = {S. 124}, language = {en} } @misc{OleynikBerkmannReiteretal., author = {Oleynik, Paul and Berkmann, Fritz and Reiter, Sebastian and Schlipf, Jon and Ratzke, Markus and Yamamoto, Yuji and Fischer, Inga Anita}, title = {Strong Optical Coupling of Lattice Resonances in a Top-down Fabricated Hybrid Metal-Dielectric Al/Si/Ge Metasurface}, series = {Nano Letters}, volume = {24}, journal = {Nano Letters}, number = {10}, issn = {1530-6984}, doi = {10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c05050}, pages = {3142 -- 3149}, abstract = {Optical metasurfaces enable the manipulation of the light-matter interaction in ultrathin layers. Compared with their metal or dielectric counterparts, hybrid metasurfaces resulting from the combination of dielectric and metallic nanostructures can offer increased possibilities for interactions between modes present in the system. Here, we investigate the interaction between lattice resonances in a hybrid metal-dielectric metasurface obtained from a single-step nanofabrication process. Finite-difference time domain simulations show the avoided crossing of the modes appearing in the wavelength-dependent absorptance inside the Ge upon variations in a selected geometry parameter as evidence for strong optical coupling. We find good agreement between the measured and simulated absorptance and reflectance spectra. Our metasurface design can be easily incorporated into a top-down optoelectronic device fabrication process with possible applications ranging from on-chip spectroscopy to sensing.}, language = {en} }