@misc{EnoguanbhorEnoguanbhorAlbrecht, author = {Enoguanbhor, Eveline Aggrey and Enoguanbhor, Evidence Chinedu and Albrecht, Eike}, title = {Spatial Determinants of Forest Landscape Degradation in the Kilimanjaro World Heritage Site, Tanzania}, series = {Central European Journal of Geography and Sustainable Development}, volume = {4}, journal = {Central European Journal of Geography and Sustainable Development}, number = {2}, issn = {2668-4322}, doi = {10.47246/CEJGSD.2022.4.2.1}, pages = {5 -- 23}, abstract = {Forest degradation occurs in natural World Heritage Sites (WHS) in the Global South despite the implementation of various strategic policies and the World Heritage Convention (WHC) on forest protections of the sites and this poses challenges to improve natural heritage sustainability. The current study aims to investigate spatial determinants of forest degradation in the Kilimanjaro WHS, Tanzania, to support strategic policies for forest landscape protection and natural heritage sustainability. Using remotely sensed, Digital Elevation Model, and tourism location data, we performed the supervised classification of satellite images, Digital Elevation, Euclidean distance, and linear regression modeling to identify spatial determinants of forest degradation. Our key findings indicated that while spatial determinants vary with different locations, human (tourism) activities e.g., developments of campsites, picnics, tourist routes, the historical site, and attraction areas are associated with forest degradation in the southern parts of the site. In addition to human activities, natural factors such as low levels of elevation and degrees of slope are associated with forest degradation at the site. However, in the northwest and southwest of the site, high degrees of slope are associated with the degradation. Our findings showed that while bare land surface encroached the primary forest with about 2.88\%, moorland vegetation encroached the primary forest with about 16.95\%, indicating a large degradation of the primary forest with about 19.83\% for the past four decades. The information provided in this study is crucial to support site managers and decision-makers in strategic policies and WHC implementations on forest protection for natural heritage sustainability.}, language = {en} } @misc{EnoguanbhorChukwurahEnoguanbhoretal., author = {Enoguanbhor, Evidence Chinedu and Chukwurah, Gladys and Enoguanbhor, Eveline Aggrey and John-Nsa, Chioma and Isimah, Matthew Ogorchukwu and Edo, Iwebuke and Achenui, Robert and Matemilola, Saheed and Fotang, Chefor and Ijioma, Uche Dickson and Ibrahim, Esther Shupel}, title = {Evaluating urban land-use demarcation and implementation for various urban functions using GIS and survey-based data: The case of Abuja City, Nigeria}, series = {Town and Regional Planning}, journal = {Town and Regional Planning}, number = {83}, issn = {2415-0495}, doi = {10.38140/trp.v83i.7436}, pages = {45 -- 56}, abstract = {Urban planning implementation is a crucial process of urban planning to improve, attain, and maintain urban sustainability globally. However, the implementation process for land use demarcated for various urban functions is being confronted by various challenges in the Global South. This study aims to integrate questionnaire surveys of urban and regional planning experts and Geographic Information Systems (GIS), in order to investigate the level of urban planning implementation of land use demarcated for various urban functions to support strategic actions for urban sustainability. Using Abuja, Nigeria, as a case study, an urban plan, urban impervious surface map, and questionnaire data were collected, and an integrated method analysis, including qualitative and quantitative (descriptive, Euclidean Distance Modelling, and Linear Regression Modelling) was deployed. Key findings show that the vast majority of experts in urban and regional planning perceive the implementation of all land use for various urban functions to be between moderate and very high levels, except that of industrial land use perceived to be between moderate and low levels. GIS findings show that, while land uses demarcated for transportation, commercial, educational, and institutional functions are positively and significantly associated with the urban impervious surface, industrial land use and urban green spaces are negatively associated. Findings show that abuse of official privileges by distorting master plans, political interference, compromise by public servants, and inadequate funding are key challenges for urban planning implementation on land use demarcated for various urban functions. The findings in this study are crucial for strategic decision makers in urban planning to improve the implementation process for various urban land-use functions and urban sustainability in the Global South, in general, and in sub-Saharan Africa, in particular.}, language = {en} } @misc{EnoguanbhorEnoguanbhorEdoetal., author = {Enoguanbhor, Eveline Aggrey and Enoguanbhor, Evidence Chinedu and Edo, Iwebuke and Albrecht, Eike}, title = {Survey-based Analysis for Proximate Anthropogenic Driving Factors of Forest Landscape Degradation: The Case of Kilimanjaro World Heritage Site, Tanzania}, series = {East African Journal of Forestry and Agroforestry}, volume = {6}, journal = {East African Journal of Forestry and Agroforestry}, number = {1}, issn = {2707-4323}, doi = {10.37284/eajfa.6.1.1459}, pages = {262 -- 271}, language = {en} } @misc{EnoguanbhorEnoguanbhorAlbrecht, author = {Enoguanbhor, Eveline Aggrey and Enoguanbhor, Evidence Chinedu and Albrecht, Eike}, title = {Implementing institutional instruments for forest landscape protection in the Kilimanjaro world heritage site, Tanzania​}, series = {International journal of forestry, ecology and environment}, volume = {7}, journal = {International journal of forestry, ecology and environment}, number = {1}, issn = {2708-5430}, doi = {10.18801/ijfee.070123.27}, pages = {245 -- 258}, abstract = {Various institutional instruments, including world heritage convention (WHC) and other strategic policies, have been deployed to protect forest landscapes as natural heritage across the globe. Despite the implementation of these instruments to protect forest landscapes in world heritage sites (WHS), the degradation problems persist, especially in the developing world, including Africa. Using the Kilimanjaro WHS in Tanzania as a case study, we investigated the state of implementing WHC and policies as strategic institutional instruments for forest landscape protection to support the sustainability of forests as a natural heritage. We collected empirical data using surveys of experts and integrated qualitative and quantitative (descriptive) analyses to investigate the implementation level of WHC and policies on forest protection, related the implementation level to primary forest degradation, and identified key challenges confronting the implementation. Key findings showed a low-level implementation of WHC and policies for forest protection. Also, our study showed that low-level implementation is associated with 19.83\% of forest degradation from 1976 to 2020. Additionally, our study identified key challenges confronting all institutional instruments deployed for forest protection, including a lack of forest protection/conservation education in local communities, a low level of law enforcement on forest degradation, inadequate resources, wildfire, a lack of political will, political interference/interests, inadequate personnel, a lack of inter-departmental coordination, and conflicts with local communities. Our findings are of great importance for decision-makers to improve the implementation level of the WHC and policies as strategic institutional instruments and to improve the sustainability of forests as a natural heritage in Africa and other parts of the world.}, language = {en} }