@misc{EdlingerGarlandBanerjeeetal., author = {Edlinger, Anna and Garland, Gina and Banerjee, Samiran and Degrune, Florine and Garc{\´i}a-Palacios, Pablo and Herzog, Chantal and Pescador, David S{\´a}nchez and Romdhane, Sana and Ryo, Masahiro and Sagha{\"i}, Aur{\´e}lien and Hallin, Sara and Maestre, Fernando T. and Philippot, Laurent and Rillig, Matthias C. and Heijden, Marcel G. A. van der}, title = {The impact of agricultural management on soil aggregation and carbon storage is regulated by climatic thresholds across a 3000 km European gradient}, series = {Global Change Biology}, volume = {29}, journal = {Global Change Biology}, number = {11}, publisher = {Wiley}, issn = {1354-1013}, doi = {10.1111/gcb.16677}, pages = {3177 -- 3192}, abstract = {Organic carbon and aggregate stability are key features of soil quality and are important to consider when evaluating the potential of agricultural soils as carbon sinks. However, we lack a comprehensive understanding of how soil organic carbon (SOC) and aggregate stability respond to agricultural management across wide environmental gradients. Here, we assessed the impact of climatic factors, soil properties and agricultural management (including land use, crop cover, crop diversity, organic fertilization, and management intensity) on SOC and the mean weight diameter of soil aggregates, commonly used as an indicator for soil aggregate stability, across a 3000 km European gradient. Soil aggregate stability (-56\%) and SOC stocks (-35\%) in the topsoil (20 cm) were lower in croplands compared with neighboring grassland sites (uncropped sites with perennial vegetation and little or no external inputs). Land use and aridity were strong drivers of soil aggregation explaining 33\% and 20\% of the variation, respectively. SOC stocks were best explained by calcium content (20\% of explained variation) followed by aridity (15\%) and mean annual temperature (10\%). We also found a threshold-like pattern for SOC stocks and aggregate stability in response to aridity, with lower values at sites with higher aridity. The impact of crop management on aggregate stability and SOC stocks appeared to be regulated by these thresholds, with more pronounced positive effects of crop diversity and more severe negative effects of crop management intensity in nondryland compared with dryland regions. We link the higher sensitivity of SOC stocks and aggregate stability in nondryland regions to a higher climatic potential for aggregate-mediated SOC stabilization. The presented findings are relevant for improving predictions of management effects on soil structure and C storage and highlight the need for site-specific agri-environmental policies to improve soil quality and C sequestration.}, language = {en} } @misc{DegruneDumackRyoetal., author = {Degrune, Florine and Dumack, Kenneth and Ryo, Masahiro and Garland, Gina and Romdhane, Sana and Sagha{\"i}, Aur{\´e}lien and Banerjee, Samiran and Edlinger, Anna and Herzog, Chantal and Pescador, David S{\´a}nchez and Garc{\´i}a-Palacios, Pablo and Fiore-Donno, Anna Maria and Bonkowski, Michael and Hallin, Sara and Heijden, Marcel G. A. van der and Maestre, Fernando T. and Philippot, Laurent and Glemnitz, Michael and Sieling, Klaus and Rillig, Matthias C.}, title = {The impact of fungi on soil protist communities in European cereal croplands}, series = {Environmental Microbiology}, volume = {26}, journal = {Environmental Microbiology}, number = {7}, publisher = {Wiley}, issn = {1462-2912}, doi = {10.1111/1462-2920.16673}, pages = {9}, abstract = {Protists, a crucial part of the soil food web, are increasingly acknowledged as significant influencers of nutrient cycling and plant performance in farmlands. While topographical and climatic factors are often considered to drive microbial communities on a continental scale, higher trophic levels like heterotrophic protists also rely on their food sources. In this context, bacterivores have received more attention than fungivores. Our study explored the connection between the community composition of protists (specifically Rhizaria and Cercozoa) and fungi across 156 cereal fields in Europe, spanning a latitudinal gradient of 3000 km. We employed a machine-learning approach to measure the significance of fungal communities in comparison to bacterial communities, soil abiotic factors, and climate as determinants of the Cercozoa community composition. Our findings indicate that climatic variables and fungal communities are the primary drivers of cercozoan communities, accounting for 70\% of their community composition. Structural equation modelling (SEM) unveiled indirect climatic effects on the cercozoan communities through a change in the composition of the fungal communities. Our data also imply that fungivory might be more prevalent among protists than generally believed. This study uncovers a hidden facet of the soil food web, suggesting that the benefits of microbial diversity could be more effectively integrated into sustainable agriculture practices.}, language = {en} } @misc{HuberDreberHuberetal., author = {Huber, Christoph and Dreber, Anna and Huber, J{\"u}rgen and Johannesson, Magnus and Kirchler, Michael and Weitzel, Utz and Abell{\´a}n, Miguel and Adayeva, Xeniya and Ay, Fehime Ceren and Barron, Kai and Berry, Zachariah and B{\"o}nte, Werner and Br{\"u}tt, Katharina and Bulutay, Muhammed and Campos-Mercade, Pol and Cardella, Eric and Claassen, Maria Almudena and Cornelissen, Gert and Dawson, Ian G. J. and Delnoij, Joyce and Demiral, Elif E. and Dimant, Eugen and Doerflinger, Johannes Theodor and Dold, Malte and Emery, C{\´e}cile and Fiala, Lenka and Fiedler, Susann and Freddi, Eleonora and Fries, Tilman and Gasiorowska, Agata and Glogowsky, Ulrich and Gorny, Paul Matthias and Gretton, Jeremy David and Grohmann, Antonia and Hafenbr{\"a}dl, Sebastian and Handgraaf, Michel and Hanoch, Yaniv and Hart, Einav and Hennig, Max and Hudja, Stanton and H{\"u}tter, Mandy and Hyndman, Kyle and Ioannidis, Konstantinos and Isler, Ozan and Jeworrek, Sabrina and Jolles, Daniel and Juanchich, Marie and Raghabendra, Pratap K.C. and Khadjavi, Menusch and Kugler, Tamar and Li, Shuwen and Lucas, Brian and Mak, Vincent and Mechtel, Mario and Merkle, Christoph and Meyers, Ethan Andrew and Mollerstrom, Johanna and Nesterov, Alexander and Neyse, Levent and Nieken, Petra and Nussberger, Anne-Marie and Palumbo, Helena and Peters, Kim and Pirrone, Angelo and Qin, Xiangdong and Rahal, Rima Maria and Rau, Holger and Rincke, Johannes and Ronzani, Piero and Roth, Yefim and Saral, Ali Seyhun and Schmitz, Jan and Schneider, Florian and Schram, Arthur and Schudy, Simeon and Schweitzer, Maurice E. and Schwieren, Christiane and Scopelliti, Irene and Sirota, Miroslav and Sonnemans, Joep and Soraperra, Ivan and Spantig, Lisa and Steimanis, Ivo and Steinmetz, Janina and Suetens, Sigrid and Theodoropoulou, Andriana and Urbig, Diemo and Vorlaufer, Tobias and Waibel, Joschka and Woods, Daniel and Yakobi, Ofir and Yilmaz, Onurcan and Zaleskiewicz, Tomasz and Zeisberger, Stefan and Holzmeister, Felix}, title = {Competition and moral behavior: A meta-analysis of forty-five crowd-sourced experimental designs}, series = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences}, volume = {120}, journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences}, number = {23}, issn = {0027-8424}, doi = {10.1073/pnas.2215572120}, abstract = {Does competition affect moral behavior? This fundamental question has been debated among leading scholars for centuries, and more recently, it has been tested in experimental studies yielding a body of rather inconclusive empirical evidence. A potential source of ambivalent empirical results on the same hypothesis is design heterogeneity—variation in true effect sizes across various reasonable experimental research protocols. To provide further evidence on whether competition affects moral behavior and to examine whether the generalizability of a single experimental study is jeopardized by design heterogeneity, we invited independent research teams to contribute experimental designs to a crowd-sourced project. In a large-scale online data collection, 18,123 experimental participants were randomly allocated to 45 randomly selected experimental designs out of 95 submitted designs. We find a small adverse effect of competition on moral behavior in a meta-analysis of the pooled data. The crowd-sourced design of our study allows for a clean identification and estimation of the variation in effect sizes above and beyond what could be expected due to sampling variance. We find substantial design heterogeneity—estimated to be about 1.6 times as large as the average standard error of effect size estimates of the 45 research designs—indicating that the informativeness and generalizability of results based on a single experimental design are limited. Drawing strong conclusions about the underlying hypotheses in the presence of substantive design heterogeneity requires moving toward much larger data collections on various experimental designs testing the same hypothesis.}, language = {en} } @misc{BoetzlSponslerAlbrechtetal., author = {Boetzl, Fabian and Sponsler, Douglas and Albrecht, Matthias and Bat{\´a}ry, P{\´e}ter and Birkhofer, Klaus and Knapp, Michal and Krauss, Jochen and Maas, Bea and Martin, Emily A. and Sirami, Cl{\´e}lia and Sutter, Louis and Bertrand, Colette and Baillod, Aliette and Bota, Gerard and Bretagnolle, Vincent and Brotons, Llu{\´i}s and Frank, Thomas and Fusser, Moritz and Giralt, David and Gonz{\´a}lez, Ezequiel and Hof, Anouschka and Luka, Henryk and Marrec, Ronan and Nash, Michael and Ng, Katherina and Plantegenest, Manuel and Poulin, Brigitte and Siriwardena, Gavin and Zubair-Anjum, Muhammad and Entling, Martin and Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf and Schirmel, Jens}, title = {Distance functions of carabids in crop fields depend on functional traits, crop type and adjacent habitat: a synthesis}, series = {Proceedings Royal Society. Series B, Biological sciences}, volume = {Vol. 291}, journal = {Proceedings Royal Society. Series B, Biological sciences}, issn = {1471-2954}, doi = {10.1098/rspb.2023.2383}, pages = {1 -- 10}, language = {en} } @misc{LeopoldDethierVoelkeletal., author = {Leopold, Matthias and Dethier, David and V{\"o}lkel, J{\"o}rg and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Combining sediment analysis and seismic refraction to describe the structure, thickness and distribution of periglacial slope deposits at Niwot Ridge, Rocky Mountains Front Range, Colorado, USA}, series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Geomorphologie}, volume = {52}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Geomorphologie}, number = {2}, doi = {10.1127/0372-8854/2008/0052S2-0077}, pages = {77 -- 94}, language = {en} } @misc{LeopoldDethierVoelkeletal., author = {Leopold, Matthias and Dethier, David and V{\"o}lkel, J{\"o}rg and Raab, Thomas and Rikert, Tyler Corson and Caine, Nel}, title = {Using Geophysical Methods to Study the Shallow Subsurface of a Sensitive Alpine Environment, Niwat Ridge, Colorado Front Range, U.S.A.}, series = {Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research}, volume = {40}, journal = {Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research}, number = {3}, issn = {1938-4246}, doi = {10.1657/1523-0430(06-124)[LEOPOLD]2.0.CO;2}, pages = {519 -- 530}, language = {en} } @misc{MatzekatPfeifferSchwarzetal., author = {Matzekat, David and Pfeiffer, Klaus and Schwarz, Harald and Schmoger, Christin and Halbauer, Ronald and Zickler, Uwe and Hable, Matthias}, title = {Betrachtung von Spannungshaltungskonzepten in hochausgelasteten Verteilnetzen}, series = {Transformation der Stromversorgung - Netzregelung und Systemstabilit{\"a}t - 14. ETG/GMA-Fachtagung, 28.09.2022 - 29.09.2022 in Leipzig, Germany ( ETG-Fb. 166: Transformation der Stromversorgung - Netzregelung und Systemstabilit{\"a}t)}, journal = {Transformation der Stromversorgung - Netzregelung und Systemstabilit{\"a}t - 14. ETG/GMA-Fachtagung, 28.09.2022 - 29.09.2022 in Leipzig, Germany ( ETG-Fb. 166: Transformation der Stromversorgung - Netzregelung und Systemstabilit{\"a}t)}, publisher = {VDE Verlag GmbH}, isbn = {978-3-8007-5960-6}, issn = {0341-3934}, pages = {6}, language = {de} } @misc{MatzekatPfeifferSchwarzetal., author = {Matzekat, David and Pfeiffer, Klaus and Schwarz, Harald and Schmoger, Christin and Halbauer, Ronald and Zickler, Uwe and Hable, Matthias}, title = {Betrachtung von Spannungshaltungskonzepten in hochausgelasteten Verteilnetzen}, series = {EnInnov2022 - 17. Symposium Energieinnovation; Kurzfassungsband: FUTURE OF ENERGY - Innovationen f{\"u}r eine klimaneutrale Zukunft; 16.02. - 18.02.2022 TU Graz, {\"O}sterreich}, journal = {EnInnov2022 - 17. Symposium Energieinnovation; Kurzfassungsband: FUTURE OF ENERGY - Innovationen f{\"u}r eine klimaneutrale Zukunft; 16.02. - 18.02.2022 TU Graz, {\"O}sterreich}, editor = {Bachhiesl, Udo}, pages = {167 -- 168}, language = {de} } @techreport{KlattPfeifferBendigetal., author = {Klatt, Matthias and Pfeiffer, Klaus and Bendig, Martin and Platta, Kristian and Matzekat, David}, title = {Betrachtungen zur Mindesterzeugung von Braunkohlekraftwerken im Kontext des Netzbetriebs}, publisher = {Brandenburgische Technische Universit{\"a}t, Fachgebiet Dezentrale Energiesysteme [u.a.]}, address = {Cottbus ; Senftenberg}, language = {de} } @incollection{GailingNaumannRudolph, author = {Gailing, Ludger and Naumann, Matthias and Rudolph, David}, title = {Local and regional conflicts in the energy transition}, series = {Reference module in materials science and materials engineering}, booktitle = {Reference module in materials science and materials engineering}, publisher = {Elsevier BV}, address = {Amsterdam}, isbn = {978-0-12-803581-8}, doi = {10.1016/B978-0-443-29210-1.00073-X}, pages = {1 -- 9}, abstract = {Energy transitions are accompanied by a range of conflicts, which mostly occur at local and regional scales. To help understand these, this chapter provides a typology of energy conflicts, of which the most common are distribution and procedural conflicts. Energy conflicts entail material, spatial, temporal and actor dimensions. For both major types of energy conflict and their different dimensions, the chapter provides empirical examples from Denmark and the United Kingdom. Energy conflicts are a challenge for energy transitions, but they are also drivers of social change, which are inherent in the pluralistic structure of modern societies.}, language = {en} } @misc{OrnelasSkarinBezriadinaFuchsetal., author = {Ornelas-Skarin, Chance and Bezriadina, Tatiana and Fuchs, Matthias and Ghimire, Shambhu and Hastings, J. B. and Nguyen, Quynh L. and de la Pe{\~n}a, Gilberto and Sato, Takahiro and Shwartz, Sharon and Trigo, Mariano and Zhu, Diling and Popova-Gorelova, Daria and Reis, David A.}, title = {Second-order microscopic nonlinear optical susceptibility in a centrosymmetric material : application to imaging valence electron motion}, series = {Physical review X}, volume = {16}, journal = {Physical review X}, publisher = {APS}, address = {College Park, Maryland}, issn = {2160-3308}, doi = {10.1103/7vqw-jbs7}, pages = {011006-1 -- 011006-13}, abstract = {We report measurements of phase-matched nonlinear x-ray and optical mixing from single-crystal silicon using subresonant 0.95 eV laser pulses and 9.5 keV hard x-ray pulses from the Linear Coherent Light Source free-electron laser. The mixing signal appears as energy and momentum sidebands to the elastic Bragg peak. It is proportional to the magnitude squared of the relevant temporal and spatial Fourier components of the optically induced microscopic charges and currents. We measure the first- and second-order sideband to the 220 Bragg peak and find that the efficiency is maximized when the applied field is along the reciprocal lattice vector. For an optical intensity of approximately 1012  W/cm2, we measure peak efficiencies of 3 ×10-7 and 3 ×10-10 for the first- and second-order sideband, respectively (relative to the elastic Bragg peak). The first-order sideband is consistent with induced microscopic currents along the applied electric field and an isotropic response. The second-order sideband depends nontrivially on the optical field orientation and is consistent with an anisotropic response originating from induced charges along the bonds with C3⁢𝑣site symmetry. The results agree well with first-principles Floquet-Bloch calculations.tions.}, language = {en} }