@misc{FischerJohnBilz, author = {Fischer, Saskia M. and John, Nancy and Bilz, Ludwig}, title = {Teachers' bullying-related self-efficacy: A systematic review on connections to bullying interventions}, series = {World Anti-Bullying Forum 2019}, journal = {World Anti-Bullying Forum 2019}, address = {Dublin}, pages = {1}, abstract = {Recent research indicates that teacher self-efficacy as a belief to have enough capabilities to accomplish a given task successfully (Bandura, 1994) is an important competence for successful bullying prevention and intervention (e.g., Boulton, 2014; Bradshaw, Sawyer \& O'Brennan, 2007; Yoon \& Bauman, 2014). But studies vary concerning the definition and specificity of self-efficacy and concerning the samples used. Therefore, the findings differ greatly. Empirical studies on teacher self-efficacy in the context of student bullying were searched in relevant databases. 36 relevant publications were identified in a multi-staged process. Quality criteria were adapted from the Cochrane Collaboration. Most publications report consistently that teachers feel not very confident in dealing with bullying in general and feel least confident when dealing with cyberbullying. Results on differences according to gender, work experience and school type are very heterogeneous. Consistent findings are reported concerning the likelihood of intervention: Teachers who are more confident are more likely to intervene in bullying. But no consistent findings arise for the choice of specific intervention strategies. The heterogeneity of the findings can be explained by different types of self-efficacy, by differences in the measures, and by different educational contexts. In the presentation, this information will be combined to understand differences better and to integrate the existing results. Results indicate that the more specific self-efficacy is assessed, the more connections between self-efficacy and bullying interventions can be found.}, language = {en} } @misc{FischerBilz, author = {Fischer, Saskia M. and Bilz, Ludwig}, title = {Bullying among students in the context of staff conflicts and class climate: Are there spillover effects?}, series = {World Anti-Bullying Forum 2017}, journal = {World Anti-Bullying Forum 2017}, address = {Stockholm}, abstract = {Bullying is a prevalent aggressive behavior with severe negative social and health consequences. It emerges from complex social interactions (Saarento, Garandeau, \& Salmivalli, 2015). To understand the causes of bullying, different levels of the school environment and their interactions need to be considered. Bronfenbrenner's ecological theory is an appropriate model for this (see figure 1). From analyses of children's behaviors in the family context, spillover effects are known (e.g., Lux \& Hudecek, 2015). Similar patterns may occur in schools: Conflicts at the staff level may serve as negative role models, may reduce teachers' alliance and cooperation, and limit long-term interventions. These long-term interventions are especially important in reducing bullying (Bilz, Schubarth, Dudziak, Fischer, Niproschke, \& Ulbricht, in press). Following the assumption of reciprocity, the occurrence of bullying may, at the same time, work as a stressor and increase staff conflicts. Connections between bullying occurrence and class climate are already known in the literature (Saarento et al., 2015), but have not yet been analyzed with staff conflicts simultaneously. Cross-sectional data of 556 teachers and 2,071 students will be analyzed as individual data and as aggregated data using multilevel structure equation modeling. Analyses are not finished yet, but will be presented and discussed at the conference presentation.}, language = {en} } @misc{FischerBilz, author = {Fischer, Saskia M. and Bilz, Ludwig}, title = {Professionswissen und Lehrerhandeln in realen Mobbingsituationen}, series = {Tagung der AEPF in Rostock (18.-21.09.2016)}, journal = {Tagung der AEPF in Rostock (18.-21.09.2016)}, address = {Rostock}, doi = {10.13140/RG.2.2.33063.14240}, language = {de} } @misc{FischerBilz, author = {Fischer, Saskia M. and Bilz, Ludwig}, title = {Handeln oder Abw{\"a}gen? Die Bedeutung der Selbstregulation f{\"u}r das Interventionshandeln von Lehrkr{\"a}ften bei Gewalt und Mobbing}, series = {25. DGfE-Kongress}, journal = {25. DGfE-Kongress}, publisher = {TransferZentrum f{\"u}r Neurowissenschaften und Lernen}, address = {Kassel}, pages = {41}, language = {de} } @misc{FischerBilz, author = {Fischer, Saskia M. and Bilz, Ludwig}, title = {Selbstregulative Kompetenzen von Lehrkr{\"a}ften beim Umgang mit Mobbing}, series = {80. AEPF-Tagung}, journal = {80. AEPF-Tagung}, address = {G{\"o}ttingen}, pages = {104}, language = {de} } @misc{WachsWettsteinBilzetal., author = {Wachs, Sebastian and Wettstein, Alexander and Bilz, Ludwig and G{\´a}mez-Guadix, Manuel}, title = {Adolescents' motivations to perpetrate hate speech and links with social norms}, series = {Comunicar - Media Education Research Journal}, volume = {71}, journal = {Comunicar - Media Education Research Journal}, number = {2}, issn = {1134-3478}, doi = {10.3916/C71-2022-01}, abstract = {Hate speech has become a widespread phenomenon, however, it remains largely unclear why adolescents engage in it and which factors are associated with their motivations for perpetrating hate speech. To this end, we developed the multidimensional "Motivations for Hate Speech Perpetration Scale" (MHATE) and evaluated the psychometric properties. We also explored the associations between social norms and adolescents' motivations for hate speech perpetration. The sample consisted of 346 adolescents from Switzerland (54.6\% boys; Mage=14; SD=0.96) who reported engagement in hate speech as perpetrators. The analyses revealed good psychometric properties for the MHATE, including good internal consistency. The most frequently endorsed subscale was revenge, followed by ideology, group conformity, status enhancement, exhilaration, and power. The results also showed that descriptive norms and peer pressure were related to a wide range of different motivations for perpetrating hate speech. Injunctive norms, however, were only associated with power. In conclusion, findings indicate that hate speech fulfills various functions. We argue that knowing the specific motivations that underlie hate speech could help us derive individually tailored prevention strategies (e.g., anger management, promoting an inclusive classroom climate). Furthermore, we suggest that practitioners working in the field of hate speech prevention give special attention to social norms surrounding adolescents.}, language = {en} } @misc{WachsBilzWettsteinetal., author = {Wachs, Sebastian and Bilz, Ludwig and Wettstein, Alexander and Wright, Michelle F. and Krause, Norman and Ballaschk, Cindy and Kansok-Dusche, Julia}, title = {The Online Hate Speech Cycle of Violence: Moderating Effects of Moral Disengagement and Empathy in the Victim-to-Perpetrator Relationship}, series = {Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking}, volume = {25}, journal = {Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking}, number = {4}, issn = {2152-2715}, doi = {10.1089/cyber.2021.0159}, pages = {223 -- 229}, abstract = {Adolescents around the globe are increasingly exposed to online hate speech (OHS). And yet little is known about the varying roles of involvement and the determinants of adolescents' hate speech perpetration. Building on previous research, this study aims to test the cycle of violence hypothesis for OHS and to analyze whether moral disengagement (MD) and empathy moderate the victim-to-perpetrator relationship. The sample consists of 3,560 seventh to ninth graders (52.1 percent girls), recruited from 40 schools across Germany and Switzerland. Self-report questionnaires were administered to assess OHS involvement, MD, and empathy. Multilevel analyses revealed that victims of OHS were more likely to report OHS perpetration. In addition, victims of OHS were more likely to report OHS perpetration when they reported higher levels of MD than those with lower levels of MD. Finally, victims of OHS were less likely to report OHS perpetration when they reported higher levels of empathy than those with lower levels of empathy. The findings extend the cycle of violence hypothesis to OHS and highlight the need to address MD and empathy in hate speech prevention. Implications for future research will be discussed.}, language = {en} } @misc{LovisSchmidtBilzPahlkeetal., author = {Lovis-Schmidt, Avelina and Bilz, Ludwig and Pahlke, Kyra and Rindermann, Heiner}, title = {Physical Health Complaints in Adolescents: Findings From the 2018 Brandenburg HBSC Study}, series = {European Journal of Health Psychology}, volume = {29}, journal = {European Journal of Health Psychology}, number = {3}, issn = {2512-8442}, doi = {10.1027/2512-8442/a000090}, pages = {121 -- 133}, abstract = {Some of the physical health complaints adolescents have, such as headaches and stomachaches, cannot be explained on a somatic level. It is unclear which psychological factors can explain these complaints: stress and social support are often discussed, but emotions rarely are. Aims: This cross-sectional study aims to use social support, stress, the tendency toward negative emotions, and health behaviors to predict physical health complaints in adolescents. Method: The 2018 HBSC (Health Behavior in School-aged Children) data from the German state of Brandenburg was analyzed via structural equation and path modeling (N = 3,068, age M = 13.05). Results: Results showed that the tendency toward negative emotions seems to be a better predictor for health complaints (β = .35) than stress (β = .17), and even better suited than social support (β = -.08) or health behavior (β = -.06 to β = .16). In the analysis of specific emotions (anger, sadness, and fear), correlations were low and between sadness and complaints they were highest (average β = .19). Limitations: The present cross-sectional study could not examine long-term outcomes. In addition, the results are limited to only a few physical complaints. Future long-term studies should examine multiple disease symptoms in adolescence. Conclusion: The investigated tendency toward negative emotions demonstrated promising results to better understand the relationship between psychological factors and physical health complaints. As negative emotions were particularly important in predicting physical health, prevention programs for adolescents should focus on dealing with negative emotions to improve their health.}, language = {en} } @misc{WettsteinCastellanosBilzetal., author = {Wettstein, Alexander and Castellanos, Melisa and Bilz, Ludwig and Wachs, Sebastian}, title = {Die Verbreitung von Hatespeech an Schulen in Deutschland und der Schweiz aus Sch{\"u}ler:innen- und Lehrer:innenperspektive}, series = {Bildung im digitalen Wandel. 9. GEBF-Tagung Bamberg}, journal = {Bildung im digitalen Wandel. 9. GEBF-Tagung Bamberg}, publisher = {Otto-Friedrich-Universit{\"a}t Bamberg}, address = {Bamberg}, pages = {78}, language = {de} } @misc{KrauseWachsBilzetal., author = {Krause, Norman and Wachs, Sebastian and Bilz, Ludwig and Schubarth, Wilfried}, title = {„Ich glaube, es gibt auch einige Kollegen, die es sich nicht zutrauen". Eine qualitative Studie zu Gr{\"u}nden aus- bleibender Intervention p{\"a}dagogischen Schulpersonals bei Hatespeech unter Sch{\"u}ler:innen}, series = {Bildung im digitalen Wandel. 9. GEBF Tagung Bamberg}, journal = {Bildung im digitalen Wandel. 9. GEBF Tagung Bamberg}, publisher = {Otto-Friedrich-Universit{\"a}t Bamberg}, address = {Bamberg}, pages = {78}, language = {de} }