@misc{ZolochevskyMartynenkoKuehhorn, author = {Zolochevsky, Alexander and Martynenko, Alexander and K{\"u}hhorn, Arnold}, title = {Structural benchmark creep and creep damage testing for finite element analysis with material tension-compression asymmetry and symmetry}, series = {Computers and Structures}, volume = {100-101}, journal = {Computers and Structures}, issn = {0045-7949}, doi = {10.1016/j.compstruc.2012.02.021}, pages = {27 -- 38}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{NouriLehmannKuehhorn, author = {Nouri, Behnam and Lehmann, Knut and K{\"u}hhorn, Arnold}, title = {Investigations on Nusselt Number Enhancement in Ribbed Rectangular Turbine Blade Cooling Channels of Different Aspect Ratios and Rotation Numbers}, series = {ASME Turbo Expo 2013: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition, San Antonio, Texas, USA, June 3-7, 2013, Vol. 3A, Heat Transfer, Paper GT2013-94710}, booktitle = {ASME Turbo Expo 2013: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition, San Antonio, Texas, USA, June 3-7, 2013, Vol. 3A, Heat Transfer, Paper GT2013-94710}, publisher = {ASME}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-0-7918-5514-0}, doi = {10.1115/GT2013-94710}, pages = {11}, abstract = {In the drive for higher cycle efficiencies in gas turbine engines, turbine blades are seeing an increasingly high heat load. This in turn demands improvements in the internal cooling system and a better understanding of both the level and distribution of the internal heat-transfer. A typical approach to enhance the internal cooling of the turbine blade is by casting angled 'low blockage' ribs on the walls of the cooling channels. The objective of the present paper is to determine the detailed Nusselt number distribution in rectangular internal channels with ribs. This knowledge can be used to guide the overall design e.g. to achieve high levels of heat-transfer where required. The effects of rotation as well as the interaction effects of the position and direction of ribs on opposite walls of the cooling channel have been investigated. Numerical calculations have been carried out using the commercial CFD code Fluent to investigate the local Nusselt number enhancement factor in rectangular ducts of different aspect ratios (0.5, 1 and 2) which have 45° or 90° angled ribs located on two opposite walls. This has been studied for different Rotation number Ro (0-0.45) and with a Reynolds number >30000. The first series of studies has been carried out with the same experimental setup as by Han [1]. The geometry was slightly changed to avoid the effect of high heat transfer at the entry. This study identifies important vortical structures, which are dependent on the direction and the position of the ribs. This has a profound effect on the distribution of heat-transfer within the passage. It is shown that the two smooth walls of the duct have different average Nusselt number ratio Nu/NuFD enhancement depending on the rib angle. In addition, based on numerical investigations, simple correlations have been developed for the rotational influence of the internal Nusselt number distribution. A major finding is that the effect of rotation is dominant for low aspect ratio channels and the local enhancement due to the rib position and angle is more dominant for high aspect ratio channels.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BeirowKuehhornGierschetal., author = {Beirow, Bernd and K{\"u}hhorn, Arnold and Giersch, Thomas and Nipkau, Jens}, title = {Forced Response Analysis of a Mistuned Compressor Blisk}, series = {ASME Turbo Expo 2013: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition, San Antonio, Texas, USA, June 3-7, 2013, Vol. 7B, Structures and Dynamics, Paper GT2013-94142}, booktitle = {ASME Turbo Expo 2013: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition, San Antonio, Texas, USA, June 3-7, 2013, Vol. 7B, Structures and Dynamics, Paper GT2013-94142}, publisher = {ASME}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-0-7918-5527-0}, doi = {10.1115/GT2013-94142}, pages = {10}, abstract = {The forced response of an E3E-type HPC-blisk front rotor is analyzed with regard to varying mistuning and the consideration of the fluid-structure interaction (FSI). For that purpose, a reduced order model is used in which the disk remains unchanged and mechanical properties of the blades namely stiffness and damping are adjusted to measured as well as intentional blade frequency mistuning distributions. The aerodynamic influence coefficient technique is employed to model the aeroelastics. Depending on the blade mode, the exciting engine order and aerodynamic influences it is sought for the worst mistuning distributions with respect to the maximum blade displacement based on optimization analyses. Genetic algorithms using blade alone frequencies as design variables are applied. The validity of the Whitehead-limit is assessed in this context. In particular, the question is addressed if and how far aeroelastic effects, mainly caused by aerodynamic damping, combined with mistuning can even cause a reduction of the forced response compared to the ideally tuned blisk. It is shown that the strong dependence of the aerodynamic damping on the inter-blade phase angle is the main driver for a possible response attenuation considering the fundamental as well as a higher blade mode. Furthermore, the differences to the blisk vibration response without a consideration of the flow and an increase of the disk's stiffness are discussed. Closing, the influence of pure damping mistuning is analyzed again using optimization.}, language = {en} } @misc{GierschHoenischBeirowetal., author = {Giersch, Thomas and H{\"o}nisch, Peter and Beirow, Bernd and K{\"u}hhorn, Arnold}, title = {Forced Response Analyses of Mistuned Radial Inflow Turbines}, series = {Journal of Turbomachinery}, volume = {135}, journal = {Journal of Turbomachinery}, number = {3}, issn = {1528-8900}, doi = {10.1115/1.4007512}, pages = {031034-1 -- 031034-9}, abstract = {Radial turbine wheels designed as blade integrated disks (blisk) are widely used in various industrial applications. However, related to the introduction of exhaust gas turbochargers in the field of small and medium sized engines, a sustainable demand for radial turbine wheels has come along. Despite those blisks being state of the art, a number of fundamental problems, mainly referring to fluid-structure-interaction and, therefore, to the vibration behavior, have been reported. Aiming to achieve an enhanced understanding of fluid-structure-interaction in radial turbine wheels, a numerical method, able to predict forced responses of mistuned blisks due to aerodynamic excitation, is presented. In a first step, the unsteady aerodynamic forcing is determined by modeling the spiral casing, the stator vanes, and the rotor blades of the entire turbine stage. In a second step, the aerodynamic damping induced by blade vibration is computed using a harmonic balance technique. The structure itself is represented by a reduced order model being extended by aerodynamic damping effects and aerodynamic forcings. Mistuning is introduced by adjusting the modal stiffness matrix based on results of blade by blade measurements that have been performed at rest. In order to verify the numerical method, the results are compared with strain-gauge data obtained during rig-tests. As a result, a measured low engine order excitation was found by modeling the spiral casing. Furthermore, a localization phenomenon due to frequency mistuning could be proven. The predicted amplitudes are close to the measured data.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{ReyVillazonBertholdKuehhorn, author = {Rey Villaz{\´o}n, Jos{\´e} Maria and Berthold, Martin and K{\"u}hhorn, Arnold}, title = {Adaptive Flow Field Thermal Modeling Techniques for Turbine Rotor-Stator Cavities}, series = {Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo 2013, San Antonio, Texas, USA , June 3-7, 2013, Vol. 3C: Heat Transfer, Paper GT2013-94845}, booktitle = {Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo 2013, San Antonio, Texas, USA , June 3-7, 2013, Vol. 3C: Heat Transfer, Paper GT2013-94845}, publisher = {ASME}, address = {New York}, isbn = {978-0-7918-5516-4}, doi = {10.1115/GT2013-94845}, pages = {11}, language = {en} } @misc{MahlerdeSilvaKuehhornKober, author = {Mahler-de Silva, Tina and K{\"u}hhorn, Arnold and Kober, Markus}, title = {Developing a Simplified Surrogate Model for Structured Sheet Metals with Numerical and Experimental Comparisons}, series = {Proceedings in applied mathematics and mechanics : PAMM}, volume = {13}, journal = {Proceedings in applied mathematics and mechanics : PAMM}, number = {1}, pages = {99 -- 100}, abstract = {It is important to steadily refine lightweight designs with regard to saving resources and energy in common with good economic efficiency. Thin structured sheet metals offer significantly improved component stiffnesses in addition to an upgraded buckling behavior compared to flat, unstructured sheet metals. By using a distortion energy based homogenization method it is possible to develop a mechanical surrogate model which describes effective mean properties. The accurate selection of symmetric and periodic boundaries enables to determine the required parameters. The conditions are contemplated on elementary cells whose structural mechanical behavior is representative for the elastic behavior of large structures. By doing this, the amount of elements can be reduced and thus the calculating time of large components can considerably be saved. For an efficient surrogate model it is required to analyze and compare numerical with experimental investigations. Some different versions of optimization will be tested to get better approximation of the data.}, language = {en} } @misc{KlaukeStrehlauKuehhorn, author = {Klauke, Thomas and Strehlau, Ulrik and K{\"u}hhorn, Arnold}, title = {Integer Frequency Veering of Mistuned Blade Integrated Disks}, series = {Journal of Turbomachinery}, volume = {135}, journal = {Journal of Turbomachinery}, number = {6}, issn = {1528-8900}, doi = {10.1115/1.4024022}, pages = {061004-1 -- 061004-7}, abstract = {As a result of more balanced blade aspect ratios of modern blade-integrated disks (blisks), interactions between disk-dominated and blade-dominated modes are becoming more and more important, especially if blade mistuning is considered. The specific vibration behavior in these transition regions is characterized by a mix of both fundamental mode types into "coupled" modes. In this paper, numerical and experimental investigations based on a front high-pressure compressor (HPC) blisk stage were carried out in order to determine the effect of blade mistuning on those regions in detail. At this, effects like mode localization and amplitude magnification are found to be weakened in an integer frequency-veering zone. Contrary to this, blisks are very sensitive to mistuning in regions of pure blade-dominated mode families with high modal density.}, language = {en} } @misc{BeirowGierschKuehhornetal., author = {Beirow, Bernd and Giersch, Thomas and K{\"u}hhorn, Arnold and Nipkau, Jens}, title = {Forced Response Analysis of a Mistuned Compressor Blisk}, series = {Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power}, volume = {136}, journal = {Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power}, number = {6}, issn = {1528-8919}, doi = {10.1115/1.4026537}, pages = {13}, abstract = {The forced response of an E3E-type high pressure compressor (HPC) blisk front rotor is analyzed with regard to varying mistuning and the consideration of the fluid-structure interaction (FSI). For that purpose, a reduced order model is used in which the disk remains unchanged and mechanical properties of the blades, namely stiffness and damping, are adjusted to measured as well as intentional blade frequency mistuning distributions. The aerodynamic influence coefficient technique is employed to model the aeroelastics. Depending on the blade mode, the exciting engine order, and aerodynamic influences, it is sought for the worst mistuning distributions with respect to the maximum blade displacement based on optimization analyses. Genetic algorithms using blade-alone frequencies as design variables are applied. The validity of the Whitehead limit is assessed in this context. In particular, the question is addressed if and how far aeroelastic effects, mainly caused by aerodynamic damping, combined with mistuning can even cause a reduction of the forced response compared to the ideally tuned blisk. It is shown that the strong dependence of the aerodynamic damping on the interblade phase angle is the main driver for a possible response attenuation considering the fundamental as well as a higher blade mode. Furthermore, the differences to the blisk vibration response without a consideration of the flow and an increase of the disk's stiffness are discussed. Closing, the influence of pure damping mistuning is analyzed again using optimization.}, language = {en} } @misc{BeirowGierschKuehhornetal., author = {Beirow, Bernd and Giersch, Thomas and K{\"u}hhorn, Arnold and Nipkau, Jens}, title = {Optimization-Aided Forced Response Analysis of a Mistuned Compressor Blisk}, series = {Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power}, volume = {137}, journal = {Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power}, number = {1}, issn = {1528-8919}, doi = {10.1115/1.4028095}, pages = {012504-1 -- 012504-10}, abstract = {The forced response of the first rotor of an engine 3E (technology program) (E3E)-type high pressure compressor (HPC) blisk is analyzed with regard to varying mistuning, varying engine order (EO) excitations and the consideration of aero-elastic effects. For that purpose, subset of nominal system modes (SNM)-based reduced order models are used in which the disk remains unchanged while the Young's modulus of each blade is used to define experimentally adjusted as well as intentional mistuning patterns. The aerodynamic influence coefficient (AIC) technique is employed to model aero-elastic interactions. Furthermore, based on optimization analyses and depending on the exciting EO and aerodynamic influences it is searched for the worst as well as the best mistuning distributions with respect to the maximum blade displacement. Genetic algorithms using blade stiffness variations as vector of design variables and the maximum blade displacement as objective function are applied. An allowed limit of the blades' Young's modulus standard deviation is formulated as secondary condition. In particular, the question is addressed if and how far the aero-elastic impact, mainly causing aerodynamic damping, combined with mistuning can even yield a reduction of the forced response compared to the ideally tuned blisk. It is shown that the strong dependence of the aerodynamic damping on the interblade phase angle is the main driver for a possible response attenuation considering the fundamental blade mode. The results of the optimization analyses are compared to the forced response due to real, experimentally determined frequency mistuning as well as intentional mistuning.}, language = {en} } @misc{ZolochevskySklepusGalishinetal., author = {Zolochevsky, Alexander and Sklepus, Sergiy and Galishin, Alexander and K{\"u}hhorn, Arnold and Kober, Markus}, title = {A Comparison between the 3D and the Kirchhoff-Love Solutions for Cylinders under Creep-Damage Conditions}, series = {Technische Mechanik}, volume = {34}, journal = {Technische Mechanik}, number = {2}, pages = {104 -- 113}, language = {en} }