@inproceedings{HirschNicolaySchneideretal., author = {Hirsch, Florian and Nicolay, Alexander and Schneider, Anna and Błaszkiewicz, Mirosław and Kordowski, Jarosław and Noryskiewicz, Agnieszka M. and Tyszkowski, Sebastian and Raab, Alexandra and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Sp{\"a}tquart{\"a}re Landschaftsentwicklung seit der Pommerschen Phase in Wygonin (Nordpolen)}, series = {Jahrestagung des AK Geomorphologie in Kiel 2014}, booktitle = {Jahrestagung des AK Geomorphologie in Kiel 2014}, editor = {Bork, Hans-Rudolf and Dreibrodt, Stefan and Duttmann, Rainer and Unkel, Ingmar}, publisher = {Christian-Albrechts-Universit{\"a}t}, address = {Kiel}, pages = {S. 66}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{NicolayRaabRaabetal., author = {Nicolay, Alexander and Raab, Alexandra and Raab, Thomas and R{\"o}sler, Horst and B{\"o}nisch, Eberhard}, title = {Holocene landscape reconstruction and land use changes in Lower Lusatia (Southern Brandenburg, East Germany) - pedological and geomorphological approaches}, series = {2010 GSA Annual Meeting in Denver Colorado, USA 2010, 31 October - 3 November}, booktitle = {2010 GSA Annual Meeting in Denver Colorado, USA 2010, 31 October - 3 November}, publisher = {Geological Society of America}, address = {Boulder, Colo.}, pages = {S. 419}, abstract = {Modern lignite mining in southern Brandenburg (East Germany) causes the destruction of entire landscapes. To date, research concentrated on the reclamation of areas affected by mining-related activities, but the significance of prehistoric and historic cultures on land use changes is disregarded. Recently, a joint research project was launched for interdisciplinary long-term palaeoenvironmental research and to study anthropogenic landscape change in southern Brandenburg. The project partners are geoscientists from the Brandenburg University of Technology (BTU) Cottbus and archaeologists from the Brandenburgisches Landesamt f{\"u}r Denkmalpflege und Arch{\"a}ologisches Museum (BLDAM), within the scope of this project pedological and geomorphological investigations are carried out to reconstruct Holocene landscape and land use change in the apron of the opencast pit J{\"a}nschwalde (Lower Lusatia), c. 100 southeast of Berlin and c. 15 km northeast of Cottbus. By law large-scale surveys and excavations have to be carried out in the forefield to document all archaeological findings. In combination with the excellent outcrop situation the archaeological investigation offers ideal conditions to study the soil geomorphology on a landscape scale. Fieldwork includes topographical surveying by differential GPS. Soils and sediments are described along cross-sections (up to 140 m long, up to 2 m deep). Field-portable XRF analyzes (FPXRF) is used for a quick characterization of total element concentrations of the substrates. Standard analytical methods (e.g., soil texture, contents of pedogenic oxides) are carried out in the laboratory. To obtain chronological information, radiocarbon and OSL (optically stimulated luminescence) dating are applied on suitable material. Evidence of different land use and land use change in the study area is abundant. For example, at several cross-sections agricultural soil horizons are covered with up to 150 cm thick eolian sands, proving that deforestation and agricultural use induced eolian soil erosion. In addition, remnants of charcoal piles buried under up to 150 cm thick eolian sands indicate remobilization of Quaternary sands as a consequence of clearing for charcoal production. The ongoing investigations will concentrate on fieldwork. Preliminary results are presented.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HirschNicolaySchneideretal., author = {Hirsch, Florian and Nicolay, Alexander and Schneider, Anna and Błaszkiewicz, Mirosław and Kordowski, Jarosław and Noryskiewicz, Agnieszka M. and Tyszkowski, Sebastian and Raab, Alexandra and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Late Quaternary soil genesis and geomorphodynamics in Northern Poland}, series = {2nd Annual ICLEA Workshop 2013, Dynamics of climate and landscape evolution of cultural landscapes in the Northern Central European Lowlands since the last ice age, Abstract volume \& Excursion guide}, booktitle = {2nd Annual ICLEA Workshop 2013, Dynamics of climate and landscape evolution of cultural landscapes in the Northern Central European Lowlands since the last ice age, Abstract volume \& Excursion guide}, publisher = {Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ}, address = {Potsdam}, doi = {10.2312/GFZ.b103-13047}, pages = {S. 43}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{BłaszkiewiczBrademannBraueretal., author = {Błaszkiewicz, Mirosław and Brademann, Brian and Brauer, Achim and Brykała, Dariusz and Deg{\´o}rski, Marek and Froehlich, Wojciech and Gierszewski, Piotr and Hirsch, Florian and Kaczmarek, Halina and Kordowski, Jarosław and Kramkowski, Mateusz and Krzymińska, Jarmila and Lamparski, Piotr and Lutyńska, Monika and Mirosław-Grabowska, Joanna and Nicolay, Alexander and Noryśkiewicz, Agnieszka M. and Noryśkiewicz, Bożena and Obremska, Milena and Ott, Florian and Raab, Alexandra and Raab, Thomas and Schneider, Anna and Schwab, Markus}, title = {Introduction to ICLEA fieldtrips - Stara Kiszewa 2013}, series = {2nd Annual ICLEA Workshop 2013, Dynamics of climate and landscape evolution of cultural landscapes in the Northern Central European Lowlands since the last ice age, Abstract volume \& Excursion guide}, booktitle = {2nd Annual ICLEA Workshop 2013, Dynamics of climate and landscape evolution of cultural landscapes in the Northern Central European Lowlands since the last ice age, Abstract volume \& Excursion guide}, publisher = {Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ}, address = {Potsdam}, doi = {10.2312/GFZ.b103-13047}, pages = {53 -- 67}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{RaabRaabTaklaetal., author = {Raab, Thomas and Raab, Alexandra and Takla, Melanie and Nicolay, Alexander and Hirsch, Florian and Schneider, Anna and R{\"o}sler, Horst}, title = {Integrative Application of Traditional and Cutting-Edge Techniques to Reconstruct Holocene Earth Surface Processes and Landscape Dynamics - A Case Study from the Northern German Lowland}, series = {AGU Joint Assembly, Montreal, 2015, abstracts listing}, booktitle = {AGU Joint Assembly, Montreal, 2015, abstracts listing}, pages = {135 -- 136}, abstract = {This study outlines the opportunities to reconstruct Holocene landscape dynamics in active opencast lignite mines in southern Brandenburg (Germany). Studies on extensive outcrops that address geomorphology, pedology and archaeology provide unique insights into human-induced environmental changes. Our approach uses a variety of traditional and cutting-edge techniques to characterize small-scale landforms (high-resolution DEMs by micro-drone and LiDAR), to analyze soils and substrate properties in the field (GPR, ERT, geomagnetics, Field Portable XRF and XRD) and to provide chronological information (OSL, 14C, tree-ring dating). This approach is combined with a GIS for data integration. We present the most recent results and review important findings from the last several years. Studies conducted in the opencast mines focus on soil development and Late Quaternary geomorphodynamics and as well as past land use and the legacy of agriculture and woodland use. Our results regarding the human-induced geomorphodynamics are similar to those in other regions in Central Europe, but we also observe regional differences caused by the local setting, e.g., intensification of soil erosion coinciding with the expansion of farming of cultivated lands in the Slavic Middle Ages. By analyzing LiDAR data the largest area of historical charcoal production in the Northern European Lowland (NEL) has been revealed. We are clearly only beginning to understand the massive dimensions of charcoal production in the region and the impact on late Holocene geomorphodynamics. The usage of new high-resolution imagery is essential to identify small-scale anthropogenic landforms hidden in the landscape. Future work will consist of developing and improving our integrative approach. However, comprehensive ground truth data provided by the archaeological prospections in the open-cast mines are an excellent basis for GIS-based analyses of high-resolution ALS data and geomorphological research.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{RaabRaabSchneideretal., author = {Raab, Thomas and Raab, Alexandra and Schneider, Anna and Takla, Melanie and Nicolay, Alexander and R{\"o}sler, Horst}, title = {Mapping the legacies of historic charcoal production}, series = {American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting San Franisco, USA, 2014}, booktitle = {American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting San Franisco, USA, 2014}, abstract = {The historic production of charcoal is an important component of the late Holocene fire history for many landscapes. Charcoal production can have numerous effects on ecosystems, e.g., through changes in forest area and structure, or through the effects of pyrolysis, charcoal and ash addition to soils. To assess such effects, it is necessary to understand the spatial extent and patterns of historic charcoal production, which has so far hardly been approached for the Northern European Lowlands. In the forefield of the open-cast mine J{\"a}nschwalde (north of Cottbus, Germany), archaeological excavations have revealed one of the largest charcoal production fields described so far. For this area, we applied and evaluated different methods for mapping the spatial distribution of charcoal kiln remains. We present methods and results of our work in this exceptionally well-described charcoal production field and of additional studies on kiln site distribution in regions of the Northern European Lowlands. The large-scale excavations in the mine forefield provide exact information on kiln site geometry. Using airborne laser scanning elevation models, the mapping of kiln sites could be extended to areas beyond the mine forefield. To detect kiln sites for larger areas, an automated GIS based mapping routine, based on a combination of morphometric parameters, was developed and evaluated. By manual digitization from Shaded Relief Maps, more than 5000 kiln sites in an area of 32 km2 were detected in the J{\"a}nschwalde mine forefield, with 1355 kiln sites that are wider than 12 m. These relatively large kiln sites could be mapped with detection rates that are close to those of manual digitization using the automated routine. First results for different study areas indicate that charcoal production is a so far underestimated component of the land use history in many parts of the Northern European Lowlands.}, language = {en} } @incollection{NicolayRaab, author = {Nicolay, Alexander and Raab, Alexandra}, title = {Sedimentabfolge und -merkmale eines Aufschlusses der Dryas-Fundstelle Dissenchen 18}, series = {Ausgrabungen im Niederlausitzer Braunkohlenrevier 2011/2012}, booktitle = {Ausgrabungen im Niederlausitzer Braunkohlenrevier 2011/2012}, publisher = {Brandenburgisches Landesamt f{\"u}r Denkmalpflege und Arch{\"a}ologisches Landesmuseum}, address = {W{\"u}ndsdorf}, isbn = {978-3-910011-85-4}, pages = {177 -- 178}, language = {de} } @incollection{NicolayRaabRaab, author = {Nicolay, Alexander and Raab, Alexandra and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Die B{\"o}den im Tagebauvorfeld J{\"a}nschwalde - Ergebnisse bodenkundlich-geomorphologischer Untersuchungen}, series = {Ausgrabungen im Niederlausitzer Braunkohlenrevier 2011/2012}, booktitle = {Ausgrabungen im Niederlausitzer Braunkohlenrevier 2011/2012}, publisher = {Brandenburgisches Landesamt f{\"u}r Denkmalpflege und Arch{\"a}ologisches Landesmuseum}, address = {W{\"u}nsdorf}, isbn = {978-3-910011-85-4}, pages = {249 -- 256}, language = {de} } @phdthesis{Nicolay, author = {Nicolay, Alexander}, title = {Untersuchungen zur (pr{\"a}-)historischen Relief-, Boden- und Landschaftsentwicklung im s{\"u}dlichen Brandenburg (Niederlausitz)}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:co1-opus4-44334}, pages = {249}, language = {de} } @misc{RaabTaklaNicolayetal., author = {Raab, Alexandra and Takla, Melanie and Nicolay, Alexander and Schneider, Anna and R{\"o}sler, Horst and Heußner, Karl-Uwe and B{\"o}nisch, Eberhard}, title = {Pre-industrial charcoal production in Lower Lusatia (Brandenburg, Germany): Detection and evaluation of a large charcoal-burning field by combining archaeological studies, GIS-based analyses of shaded-relief maps and dendrochronological age determination}, series = {Quaternary International}, volume = {Vol. 367}, journal = {Quaternary International}, doi = {10.1016/j.quaint.2014.09.041}, pages = {111 -- 122}, abstract = {In pre-industrial times, charcoal burning was a common source of energy across Europe. Charcoal production and its related consequences for the upland environment are well known due to historical and palaeoenvironmental research. In recent years, awareness has grown regarding the use of woods in the lowlands for charcoal production. In the last 20 years, a large charcoal-burning field in Lower Lusatia (Brandenburg, North German Lowlands) was discovered by systematic archaeological excavations of the opencast mine of J{\"a}nschwalde. However, the excavations are limited to the mine, which only covers a portion of the J{\"a}nschwalder Heide and the surrounding forests. In this paper, we present the results of our study regarding the spatial extension and timing of charcoal production in the J{\"a}nschwalder Heide and its surrounding areas. We applied a combined approach using archaeological research results, GIS-analyses of shaded-relief maps (SRMs) and tree-ring dating of selected charcoal kiln remains. Approximately 900 excavated charcoal kiln ground plans were analysed, which provided a solid data basis for our GIS analyses. For an extensive evaluation, we enlarged our study area beyond the limits of the lignite mine. We identified and digitised the remains of the charcoal kilns by creating SRMs from digital elevation models (DEMs) that were based on high-resolution airborne laser scanning data (ALS). The data from the excavated and digitised charcoal kiln remains were analysed in terms of their sizes and spatial distributions. In addition, the dendrochronological ages of 16 selected charcoal kiln remains were determined. This study shows that charcoal production was more extensive than initially proven by archaeological excavations. The remains of more than 5000 charcoal kilns were detected on the SRMs across an area that was twice as large as the excavated charcoal-burning field. In the J{\"a}nschwalder Heide, considerably more charcoal kiln relicts exist compared with the surrounding communal areas. Furthermore, the charcoal kiln remains in the J{\"a}nschwalder Heide have larger diameters, suggesting large-scale charcoal production for supplying energy to the nearby ironworks at Peitz. However, the charcoal production on the communal land was most likely for local crafts. The ages of the charcoal kiln remains indicated that charcoal production occurred between the 17th and 19th centuries, corresponding with the main period of charcoal burning. Overall, our study suggested that charcoal production sites are underestimated in the modern landscapes of the North German Lowlands.}, language = {en} } @misc{SchneiderTaklaNicolayetal., author = {Schneider, Anna and Takla, Melanie and Nicolay, Alexander and Raab, Alexandra and Raab, Thomas}, title = {A Template-matching Approach Combining Morphometric Variables for Automated Mapping of Charcoal Kiln Sites}, series = {Archaeological Prospection}, volume = {22}, journal = {Archaeological Prospection}, number = {1}, issn = {1099-0763}, doi = {10.1002/arp.1497}, pages = {45 -- 62}, abstract = {Analysing the spatial distribution of anthropogenic relief structures can contribute to the understanding of past landuse systems. With automated mapping routines, small relief forms can be detected efficiently from high-resolution digital terrain models (DTMs). In this study, we describe an approach for the automated mapping of charcoal kiln sites from an airborne laser-scanning DTM. The study site is located north of Cottbus, Germany, where an exceptionally large historic charcoal production field has been documented in previous archaeological surveys. The goal of this study was to implement, evaluate and improve an automated GIS-based routine for mapping these features based on the template-matching principle. In addition to the DTM, different morphometric variables were evaluated for their suitability to detect kiln sites. The mapping results were validated against a comprehensive database of kiln sites recorded from archaeological excavations and via manual digitization. The effects of irregular kiln-site geometry and DTM noise were evaluated using synthetic DTMs. The results of the synthetic DTM mapping show that the template-matching results differed depending on the morphometric variable used for the mapping process. In accordance with this observation, a validation of the mapping procedure for the field site suggests that feature mapping can be improved. In particular, the number of false detections can be reduced using a combination of morphometric variables. For the validation area, the kiln sites with diameters of at least 10m were mapped using the automated routine, with detection rates that were close to those of manual digitization. Therefore, the described method can considerably facilitate the mapping and distribution analysis of kiln sites or similar small relief forms that are prominent in a specific landscape.}, language = {en} } @misc{RaabRaabNicolayetal., author = {Raab, Thomas and Raab, Alexandra and Nicolay, Alexander and Takla, Melanie and Hirsch, Florian and R{\"o}sler, Horst and Bauriegel, Albrecht}, title = {Opencast mines in South Brandenburg (Germany) - archives of Late Quaternary landscape development and human-induced land use changes}, series = {Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences}, volume = {8}, journal = {Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences}, number = {3}, issn = {1866-9565}, doi = {10.1007/s12520-015-0227-6}, pages = {453 -- 466}, abstract = {This study outlines the opportunities for geoarchaeological research in active opencast lignite mines in southern Brandenburg (Germany). Studies on extensive outcrops that address both archaeology and soil geomorphology, combined with a geographical information system (GIS) approach, provide unique insights into human-induced environmental changes in Lower Lusatia and generally improve our understanding of landscape dynamics. We present the most recent results from three case studies and review important findings from the last several years. Studies conducted in opencast mines of Cottbus-Nord and J{\"a}nschwalde focus on (i) Late Quaternary geomorphodynamics and soil development and (ii) past land use and the legacy of agriculture and woodland use. Our results are similar to those in other regions in Central Europe, but we also observe regional differences caused by the local setting, e.g. intensification of soil erosion coinciding with the expansion of farming of cultivated lands in the Slavic Middle Ages. Our research reveals the largest archaeologically investigated area of historical charcoal production in the Northern European Lowland (NEL). We are clearly only beginning to understand the massive dimensions of charcoal production in the region.}, language = {en} } @misc{GerwinRaabBauriegeletal., author = {Gerwin, Werner and Raab, Thomas and Bauriegel, Albrecht and Nicolay, Alexander}, title = {Junge B{\"o}den der Niederlausitz}, series = {Brandenburgische Geowissenschaftliche Beitr{\"a}ge}, volume = {22}, journal = {Brandenburgische Geowissenschaftliche Beitr{\"a}ge}, number = {1}, issn = {0947-1995}, pages = {137 -- 148}, abstract = {In der Niederlausitz finden sich sehr unterschiedliche Beispiele f{\"u}r junge Bodenbildungen, die oftmals durch menschliche Eingriffe ausgel{\"o}st wurden. In dem Beitrag werden neben den j{\"u}ngsten Bodenentwicklungen auf Bergbaufolgestandorten auch j{\"u}ngere B{\"o}den auf seit dem Mittelalter mit Flugsanden {\"u}berdeckten Standorten vorgestellt. Obwohl die Genese der auf diesen Flugsanddecken anzutreffenden B{\"o}den bereits seit bis zu 1 000 Jahre andauert, sind hier erst B{\"o}den der Klasse der Ah/C-B{\"o}den entwickelt. Auf den Bergbaufolgestandorten wird versucht, die Bodenbildung durch spezielle Meliorationsmaßnahmen zu f{\"o}rdern. Untersuchungen an diesen besonders jungen B{\"o}den lassen gut die Prozesse der initialen Bodenentwicklung erkennen.}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{HirschSchneiderNicolayetal., author = {Hirsch, Florian and Schneider, Anna and Nicolay, Alexander and Błaszkiewicz, Mirosław and Kordowski, Jarosław and Noryskiewicz, Agnieszka M. and Tyszkowski, Sebastian and Raab, Alexandra and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Late Quaternary landscape development at the margin of the Pomeranian phase (MIS 2) near Lake Wygonin (Northern Poland)}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2015, Vienna, Austria, 13 April - 17 May 2015}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2015, Vienna, Austria, 13 April - 17 May 2015}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchneiderTaklaNicolayetal., author = {Schneider, Anna and Takla, Melanie and Nicolay, Alexander and Raab, Alexandra and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Quantitative analysis of anthropogenic relief features: automated mapping of charcoal kiln sites from high-resolution ALS data}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April - 02 May 2014}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April - 02 May 2014}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, abstract = {High-resolution digital elevation data from airborne laser scanning (ALS) allow for identification and mapping of so far unknown small-scale relief features that are hidden by forest cover. Especially as a result of historic land use, small anthropogenic landforms can occur, e.g., remains of charcoal kilns on sites that were used for charcoal production or ridge and furrow systems in former farmland areas. Mapping such relief features and analyzing their spatial distribution patterns can help to understand past land-use systems and their effects on landscapes. To efficiently detect and quantify small-scale relief features from high-resolution DEMs for larger areas, (semi-) automated mapping routines are required.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{SchneiderTaklaNicolayetal., author = {Schneider, Anna and Takla, Melanie and Nicolay, Alexander and Raab, Alexandra and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Automated detection of small-scale anthropogenic relief features from high-resolution ALS-data}, series = {3rd Annual ICLEA Workshop 2014, Dynamics of Climate and Landscape Evolution of Cultural Landscapes in the Northern Central European Lowlands since the Last Ice Age}, booktitle = {3rd Annual ICLEA Workshop 2014, Dynamics of Climate and Landscape Evolution of Cultural Landscapes in the Northern Central European Lowlands since the Last Ice Age}, editor = {Schwab, Markus J. and Theuerkauf, Martin and Brauer, Achim and Wilmking, Martin and Lampe, Reinhard}, publisher = {GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences}, address = {Potsdam}, doi = {10.2312/GFZ.b103-14028}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:kobv:b103-14028}, pages = {S. 49}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{NicolayRaabRaab, author = {Nicolay, Alexander and Raab, Alexandra and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Evidence pf (pre-) historic to modern landscape development and land use history in Lower Lusatia (Brandenburg, Germany)}, series = {3rd Annual ICLEA Workshop 2014, Dynamics of Climate and Landscape Evolution of Cultural Landscapes in the Northern Central European Lowlands since the Last Ice Age}, booktitle = {3rd Annual ICLEA Workshop 2014, Dynamics of Climate and Landscape Evolution of Cultural Landscapes in the Northern Central European Lowlands since the Last Ice Age}, editor = {Schwab, Markus J. and Theuerkauf, Martin and Brauer, Achim and Wilmking, Martin and Lampe, Reinhard}, publisher = {GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences}, address = {Potsdam}, doi = {10.2312/GFZ.b103-14028}, pages = {47}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HirschNicolayPoetzschetal., author = {Hirsch, Florian and Nicolay, Alexander and P{\"o}tzsch, Bastian and Fritzsche, Marie and Raab, Alexandra and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Influence of charcoal burning induced pyrolysis on soils}, series = {3rd Annual ICLEA Workshop 2014, Dynamics of Climate and Landscape Evolution of Cultural Landscapes in the Northern Central European Lowlands since the Last Ice Age}, booktitle = {3rd Annual ICLEA Workshop 2014, Dynamics of Climate and Landscape Evolution of Cultural Landscapes in the Northern Central European Lowlands since the Last Ice Age}, editor = {Schwab, Markus J. and Theuerkauf, Martin and Brauer, Achim and Wilmking, Martin and Lampe, Reinhard}, publisher = {GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences}, address = {Potsdam}, doi = {10.2312/GFZ.b103-14028}, pages = {41}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{NicolayRaabRaab, author = {Nicolay, Alexander and Raab, Alexandra and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Evidence of (pre-) historic to modern landscape development and land use history in Lower Lusatia (Brandenburg, Germany)}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April - 02 May 2014}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April - 02 May 2014}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, abstract = {In the apron of three active lignite opencast pits in Lower Lusatia (Brandenburg, Germany), archaeological survey trenches were investigated in areas where Quaternary aeolian sand deposits are widespread. The investigated palaeoenvironmental archives in J{\"a}nschwalde, Cottbus-Nord and Welzow contain evidence of fluvial and aeolian morphodynamics, soil formation and agricultural land use from (pre-)historic to modern times. To study the age and the causes of sand drifting and landform stabilization, standard soil physical and chemical laboratory analyses as well as optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and radiocarbon dating (14C) were carried out. Two main sedimentological units were identified: Unit 1 consists of glacio-fluvial and Late Weichselian aeolian sands representing the parent material for the native Podsol-Braunerde and Podsol development, while Unit 2 represents the Late Holocene aeolian deposits. Four periods of Late glacial and Holocene aeolian activity and three phases of geomorphological stability have been identified: (i) Aeolian sedimentation during the Late glacial, (ii) Mesolithic reactivation of aeolian processes, (iii) soil formation until Late Roman Iron Age settlers intensified the agricultural land use, (iv) intensive drift sand formation during the High Middle Ages due to agricultural expansion, (v) stabilization of the drift sands and weak soil formation, (vi) reactivation of aeolian processes due to the increasing wood consumption and charcoal production from the early 16th until the mid-19th century, (vii) surface stabilization and formation of Regosols since the mid-19th century due to afforestation.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{RaabRaabNicolayetal., author = {Raab, Thomas and Raab, Alexandra and Nicolay, Alexander and Takla, Melanie and Hirsch, Florian and Schneider, Anna and R{\"o}sler, Horst and B{\"o}nisch, Eberhard}, title = {Human-induced landscape dynamics in South Brandenburg - findings from different geoarchives}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April - 02 May 2014}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April - 02 May 2014}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, abstract = {South Brandenburg is the central part of the North European Lowland (NEL) extending as a plain landscape from the North and Baltic Sea to the foothills of the Central European Highlands and reaching from the Netherlands to Poland. Since many decades lignite opencast mines have been operating in this region which is known as the Lusatian mining district. The total land demand in Lusatia is about 852 square kilometres and mining will continue for many more years or even decades. Large-scale outcrops resulting from these mining activities are excellent archives to study the younger Earth's history. The scope of our research in open cast mines is to reconstruct the Late Quaternary landscape development and to distinguishing natural from anthropogenic forcing and processes. In more detail, the aims are to identify and to quantify the impact of past land uses, i.e. changes of vegetation, landforms and soils induced by agriculture and/or forestry. Here, we are presenting latest results from our research and review important findings giving novel insights into man-induced environmental changes in Lusatia within the past thousands years and thus improving the general understanding of Late Quaternary landscape dynamics.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HirschNicolayPoetzschetal., author = {Hirsch, Florian and Nicolay, Alexander and P{\"o}tzsch, Bastian and Fritzsche, Marie and Raab, Alexandra and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Influence of charcoal burning induced pyrolysis on soils}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April - 02 May 2014}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April - 02 May 2014}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, abstract = {In Lusatia, Northeastern Germany, the production of ironware between the 16th and 19th century left behind a remarkable amount of charcoal kilns in the forests north of Cottbus. Remote sensing surveys, underpinned by archaeological studies, show that charcoal was gained around Cottbus from several thousand charcoal kilns which had internal diameters up to 20 m. For the study site with 35 km2 area, the until now prospected total ground area below the charcoal kilns which was potentially affected by the pyrolysis is about 0,5 km2. Historic data indicates that the pyrolysis in the charcoal kiln took up to several weeks, for the kilns with a diameter of 20 m about 20 days. To characterize the depth of thermal alteration of soils below the kiln our current focus is on the differentiation of the iron hydroxides by small-scale vertical analysis of soil profiles.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{NicolaySchulzRaabetal., author = {Nicolay, Alexander and Schulz, Deborah and Raab, Thomas and Raab, Alexandra}, title = {Landscape and soil development in Lower Lusatia - results from archaeological and soil-geomorphological investigations on a small dune field nearby J{\"a}nschwalde (Brandenburg, Germany)}, series = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April - 02 May 2014}, booktitle = {European Geosciences Union, General Assembly 2014, Vienna, Austria, 27 April - 02 May 2014}, publisher = {European Geophysical Society}, address = {Katlenburg-Lindau}, abstract = {Within the apron of the opencast mine J{\"a}nschwalde (SE Brandenburg, Germany) archaeological excavations on a multiple populated small dune were complemented with soil-geomorphological investigations in the vicinity. Archaeological findings in the dune stratigraphy (especially cremation graves) are intercalated within aeolian sediments and/or buried soils and thus give a record of the Late Quaternary geomorphodynamic and soil development.}, language = {en} } @misc{RaabRaabTaklaetal., author = {Raab, Alexandra and Raab, Thomas and Takla, Melanie and Nicolay, Alexander and B{\"o}nisch, Eberhard and R{\"o}sler, H.}, title = {B{\"o}den als Archive der Landschaftsgeschichte im Vorfeld des Tagebaus J{\"a}nschwalde}, series = {Exkursionsf{\"u}hrer, Jahrestagung der Deutschen Bodenkundlichen Gesellschaft 2011, September 2011, Berlin, Potsdam}, journal = {Exkursionsf{\"u}hrer, Jahrestagung der Deutschen Bodenkundlichen Gesellschaft 2011, September 2011, Berlin, Potsdam}, publisher = {Deutsche Bodenkundliche Gesellschaft}, address = {Oldenburg}, pages = {84 -- 96}, language = {de} }