@misc{BimboeseNicolayBryketal., author = {Bimb{\"o}se, Martin and Nicolay, Alexander and Bryk, Alexander and Schmidt, Karl-Heinz and Morche, David}, title = {Investigations on intra- and interannual coarse sediment dynamics in a high-mountain catchment}, series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Geomorphologie : Supplementband}, volume = {55}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Geomorphologie : Supplementband}, number = {2}, doi = {10.1127/0372-8854/2011/0055S2-0046}, pages = {67 -- 81}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{RaabRaabSchneideretal., author = {Raab, Thomas and Raab, Alexandra and Schneider, Anna and Hirsch, Florian and Takla, Melanie and Nicolay, Alexander and Bonhage, Alexander and Bauriegel, Albrecht and R{\"o}sler, Horst}, title = {Landnutzungsgeschichte und historische Landschaftsentwicklung in der Niederlausitz - Neue Befunde und aktuelle Forschung}, series = {Jahrestagung Arbeitskreis Geoarch{\"a}ologie, T{\"u}bingen, 4. Mai bis 7. Mai 2016}, booktitle = {Jahrestagung Arbeitskreis Geoarch{\"a}ologie, T{\"u}bingen, 4. Mai bis 7. Mai 2016}, abstract = {Seit 2010 untersucht eine interdisziplin{\"a}re Forschergruppe der BTU, des BLDAM und des LBGR die Landnutzungsgeschichte sowie die nat{\"u}rliche und anthropogen induzierte Landschaftsentwicklung in der Niederlausitz, Brandenburg. Systematische arch{\"a}ologische Grabungen des BLDAM im Vorfeld der laufenden Tagebaue sind eine wichtige Grundlage f{\"u}r geopedologische Untersuchungen. Die Arbeiten hatten zun{\"a}chst ihren r{\"a}umlichen Schwerpunkt in den Braunkohletagebauen nord{\"o}stlich von Cottbus (Tgb. Cottbus Nord, Tgb. J{\"a}nschwalde) und wurden dann ausgedehnt auf weitere Forstfl{\"a}chen n{\"o}rdlich von Peitz. Wir geben einen {\"U}berblick {\"u}ber die wichtigsten Erkenntnisse der letzten Jahre, pr{\"a}sentieren aktuelle Ergebnisse und zeigen zuk{\"u}nftige Forschungsfelder auf. Im Tagebau J{\"a}nschwalde sind zwischenzeitlich mehr als 1000 Relikte von Holzkohlmeilern (HKM) als Zeugen einer intensiven historischen Holznutzung arch{\"a}ologisch dokumentiert. Mit Stand Januar 2016 liegen Dendroalter von 64 HKM vor. Die Alter schwanken zwischen dem ausgehenden 16. Jahrhundert und der Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts, was in etwa dem Betriebszeitraum des H{\"u}ttenwerks in Peitz entspricht. Die Mehrzahl der Meiler datiert auf den Beginn des 18. Jahrhunderts. Weitere Hinterlassenschaften der historischen Landnutzung sind u.a. W{\"o}lb{\"a}cker und begrabene Ackerb{\"o}den. Fossile B{\"o}den und ehemalige Landoberfl{\"a}chen sind stellenweise mit {\"a}olischen Sedimenten {\"u}berdeckt. 14C- und OSL-Datierungen an diesen B{\"o}den und Sedimenten lassen auf eine Intensivierung der {\"a}olischen Aktivit{\"a}t zur slawischen Zeit und im Deutschen Mittelalter schließen. Einige Relikte von HKM sind mit Sand {\"u}berweht worden, und an einer Stelle konnte das Alter dieser {\"a}olischen Sedimentation mittels Dendrodatierung des begrabenen Meilers auf1850 oder j{\"u}nger bestimmt werden. Allerdings stellt dies die Ausnahme dar. Der weitaus gr{\"o}ßere Teil der HKM-Relikte liegt direkt an der Oberfl{\"a}che und ist nicht begraben, was auf eine sehr geringe Winderosion in der Neuzeit schließen l{\"a}sst. Seit 2015 konnte im Rahmen des DFG-Projekts „R{\"a}umliche und zeitliche Dimension der historischen K{\"o}hlerei im Tauerschen Forst (Niederlausitz, Brandenburg). Ein Beitrag zur Kulturlandschaftsentwicklung des Norddeutschen Tieflands" (Az RA 1129/3-1; RA 931/6-1) ein weiteres Gebiet mit hoher HKM-Dichte untersucht werden. Erste Auswertungen der LiDAR-Daten ergeben eine Anzahl von 4449 ehemaligen Meilerstandorten im Tauerschen Forst. 26 Meilerstellen sind beprobt, die Dendroalter hierzu sind in Bearbeitung. Ebenfalls in j{\"u}ngerer Zeit fanden Untersuchungen zur Verbreitung von HKM-Relikten f{\"u}r das gesamte Land Brandenburg statt. Mit Hilfe eines bin{\"a}ren Modells wurden Gebiete mit hoher Wahrscheinlichkeit von HKM-Standorten detektiert. Im Rahmen des im November 2016 beginnenden DFG-Projekts „Die historische K{\"o}hlerei in Brandenburg - Analyse der r{\"a}umlichen Dimension und der Effekte auf bodenhydraulische Eigenschaften" (SCHN 1349/1-1) sollen nun neben der Verbreitung der historischen K{\"o}hlerei auch bodenrelevante Auswirkungen beschrieben und bewertet werden.}, language = {de} } @misc{KapplerKaiserKuesteretal., author = {Kappler, Christoph and Kaiser, Knut and K{\"u}ster, Mathias and Nicolay, Alexander and F{\"u}lling, Alexander and Bens, Oliver and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Late Pleistocene and Holocene terrestrial geomorphodynamics and soil formation in northeastern Germany: a review of geochronological data}, series = {Physical geography}, volume = {40}, journal = {Physical geography}, number = {5}, issn = {1930-0557}, doi = {10.1080/02723646.2019.1573621}, pages = {405 -- 432}, abstract = {This study is based on 616 geochronological ages from aeolian and colluvial sediments as well as paleosols, representing the largest database of geochronological data from northeastern Germany available to date. Cumulative probability density functions for radiocarbon data and kernel density estimates for luminescence data were created covering the last 15 ka. The data analysis aimed at the identification of changes and their drivers in geomorphodynamics and soil formation. The ages representing aeolian activity cluster in the Late Glacial, the Early Holocene, and the Late Holocene, where the first two clusters are assumed to result mostly from climatic impact with only a minor share of human impact triggering the mobilization of aeolian sediments. The third cluster is considered to result mainly from human impact. The Late Glacial to Early Holocene activity phase is interrupted by a phase of surface stability around 11.5-12.7 ka, which is indicated by the occurrence of initial soil formations of Finow and Usselo types. Colluvial sedimentation predominantly occurred during the last 7 ka and clearly accelerated since the last 1000 a. According to the ages of specific paleosol types, related soilforming processes started already in the Late Glacial and were completed in the Holocene.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{RaabRaabSchneideretal., author = {Raab, Alexandra and Raab, Thomas and Schneider, Anna and Hirsch, Florian and Takla, Melanie and Nicolay, Alexander and Bonhage, Alexander and M{\"u}ller, Frank and Heußner, Karl-Uwe and R{\"o}sler, Horst}, title = {Reconstructing anthropogenic landscape transformation in the surroundings of the ironwork Peitz (SE Brandenburg, Germany) - 16th to mid-19th centuries}, series = {4th International Landscape Archaeology Conference, Uppsala, 22nd - 25th August 2016}, booktitle = {4th International Landscape Archaeology Conference, Uppsala, 22nd - 25th August 2016}, publisher = {Department of archaeology and ancient history, Uppsala university,}, address = {Uppsala}, pages = {S. 152}, abstract = {Various sources provide information about land use history and landscape transformation. For a variety of reasons, the quality of information differs and is often discontinuous or incomplete. In this interdisciplinary study we take advantage of comprehensive archaeological data gathered by large-scale excavations that were necessary because of opencast lignite mining in Lusatia, Brandenburg, Germany. By using a GIS we integrate these archaeological findings with results from archival and literature studies, from historical maps, from landforms and soils as well as from analyses of shaded-relief maps derived from up-to-date LiDAR data. The long-term aim is to develop a palaeoenvironmental model and thus to reconstruct landscape changes caused by human activities. The focus of the study is the Peitz ironwork in SE Brandenburg, which was a large consumer of commodities for about 300 years. During the time it operated, extensive transformations are supposed to have affected the landscape in the vicinity because of wood consumption and especially charcoal production. Digital datasets about forested areas for different timespans reconstructed from historical maps were made available. In combination with dendrochronological dating of charred trees, the spatiotemporal dimension of charcoal kilns was determined. Also, sites of former bog iron ore mining could be identified. Moreover, the different sources contain further information about other forms of land uses such as agriculture, pastoralism and even viticulture. In conclusion we can highlight that the mosaic of past land use systems is different from the modern structure but that major changes in the forests have been retained.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{KapplerKaiserGanzenmuelleretal., author = {Kappler, Christoph and Kaiser, Knut and Ganzenm{\"u}ller, Raphael and K{\"u}ster, Mathias and Nicolay, Alexander and F{\"u}lling, Alexander and Bens, Oliver and Raab, Thomas}, title = {A review of geochronological data from northeastern Germany: evaluating late Quaternary soil formation and land surface dynamics}, series = {3rd Annual ICLEA Workshop 2014, Dynamics of Climate and Landscape Evolution of Cultural Landscapes in the Northern Central European Lowlands since the Last Ice Age}, booktitle = {3rd Annual ICLEA Workshop 2014, Dynamics of Climate and Landscape Evolution of Cultural Landscapes in the Northern Central European Lowlands since the Last Ice Age}, editor = {Schwab, Markus J. and Theuerkauf, Martin and Brauer, Achim and Wilmking, Martin and Lampe, Reinhard}, publisher = {GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences}, address = {Potsdam}, doi = {10.2312/GFZ.b103-14028}, pages = {43}, language = {en} } @misc{HirschSchneiderNicolayetal., author = {Hirsch, Florian and Schneider, Anna and Nicolay, Alexander and Blaszkiewicz, Miroslaw and Kordowski, Jarosław and Noryskiewicz, Agnieszka M. and Tyszkowski, Sebastian and Raab, Alexandra and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Late Quaternary landscape development at the margin of the Pomeranian phase (MIS 2) near Lake Wygonin (Northern Poland)}, series = {Catena}, volume = {124}, journal = {Catena}, issn = {0341-8162}, doi = {10.1016/j.catena.2014.08.018}, pages = {28 -- 44}, abstract = {In Central Europe, Late Quaternary landscapes experienced multiple phases of geomorphologic activity. In this study,we used a combined geomorphological, pedological, sedimentological and palynological approach to characterize landscape development after the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) near Lake Wygonin in Northern Poland. The pedostratigraphical findings from soil pits and drillings were extrapolated using ground-penetrating radar (GPR) and electric resistivity tomography (ERT). During the Pomeranian phase, glacial and fluvioglacial processes dominated the landscape near Lake Wygonin. At the end of the glacial period, periglacial processes became relevant and caused the formation of ventifacts and coversands containing coated sand grains. At approximately 15,290-14,800 cal yr BP, a small pond formed in a kettle hole (profile BWI2). The lacustrine sediments lack eolian sand components and therefore indicate the decline of eolian processes during that time. The increase of Juniperus and rock-rose (Helianthemum) in the pollen diagram is a prominent marker of the Younger Dryas. At the end of the Younger Dryas, a partial reshaping of the landscape is indicated by abundant charcoal fragments in disturbed lake sediments. No geomorphologic activity since the beginning of the Holocene is documented in the terrestrial and wetland archives. The anthropogenic impact is reflected in the pollen diagram by the occurrence of rye pollen grains (Secale cereale) and translocated soil sediments dated to 1560-1410 cal yr BP, proving agricultural use of the immediate vicinity. With the onset of land use, gully incision and the accumulation of colluvial fans reshaped the landscape locally. Since 540-460 cal yr BP, further gully incision in the steep forest tracks has been associated with the intensification of forestry. Outside of the gully catchments, the weakly podzolized Rubic Brunic Arenosols show no features of Holocene soil erosion.}, language = {en} } @misc{NicolayRaabRaabetal., author = {Nicolay, Alexander and Raab, Alexandra and Raab, Thomas and R{\"o}sler, Horst and B{\"o}nisch, Eberhard and Murray, Andrew S.}, title = {Evidence of (pre-) historic to modern landscape and land use history near J{\"a}nschwalde (Brandenburg, Germany)}, series = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Geomorphologie, Suppl.}, volume = {58}, journal = {Zeitschrift f{\"u}r Geomorphologie, Suppl.}, number = {2}, issn = {1864-1687}, doi = {10.1127/0372-8854/2014/S-00162}, pages = {7 -- 31}, abstract = {In the apron of the active lignite opencast pit J{\"a}nschwalde (Brandenburg, Germany), three archaeological survey trenches were investigated in an area where aeolian sand deposits are widespread. The investigated sediment sequences contain evidence of aeolian morphodynamics, soil formation and agricultural land use. To study the age and the causes of sand drifting and surface stabilization, standard soil physical and chemical laboratory analyses as well as optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and radiocarbon dating (14C) were carried out. Two main sedimentological units were identified: Unit 1 consists of glacio-fluvial and Late Glacial aeolian sands representing the parent material for the native Podsol- Braunerde, while Unit 2 represents the Late Holocene aeolian deposits. Four periods of Late Glacial and Holocene aeolian activity and three phases of geomorphological stability have been identified: (i) Aeolian sedimentation during the Late Glacial, (ii) Mesolithic reactivation of aeolian processes, (iii) soil formation until Late Roman Iron Age settlers intensified the agricultural land use, (iv) intensive drift sand formation during the High Middle Ages due to agricultural expansion, (v) stabilization of the drift sands and weak soil formation, (vi) reactivation of aeolian processes due to the increasing wood consumption and charcoal production from the early 17th until the mid-19th century, (vii) surface stabilization and formation of Regosols since the mid-19th century due to afforestation.}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{RaabRaabSchneideretal., author = {Raab, Thomas and Raab, Alexandra and Schneider, Anna and Hirsch, Florian and Nicolay, Alexander and Takla, Melanie and R{\"o}sler, Horst}, title = {Pre-Industrial Charcoal Kilns in the Northern European Lowland - Hidden Land Use Structures Detected by LIDAR}, series = {2014 GSA Annual Meeting in Vancouver, British Columbia (19-22 October 2014)}, booktitle = {2014 GSA Annual Meeting in Vancouver, British Columbia (19-22 October 2014)}, publisher = {Geological Society of America}, address = {Boulder, Colo.}, pages = {S. 96}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HirschNicolaySchneideretal., author = {Hirsch, Florian and Nicolay, Alexander and Schneider, Anna and Blaszkiewicz, Miroslaw and Kordowski, Jarosław and Noryskiewicz, Agnieszka M. and Tyszkowski, Sebastian and Raab, Alexandra and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Late Quaternary geomorphodynamics and soil development in Wygonin (Poland)}, series = {Tagungsband und Exkursionsf{\"u}hrer, Arbeitskreis Geoarch{\"a}ologie Jahrestagung 2013, 2. - 4.5.2013 BTU Cottbus}, booktitle = {Tagungsband und Exkursionsf{\"u}hrer, Arbeitskreis Geoarch{\"a}ologie Jahrestagung 2013, 2. - 4.5.2013 BTU Cottbus}, publisher = {Brandenburg Univ. of Technology}, address = {Cottbus}, pages = {S. 50}, language = {en} } @inproceedings{HirschNicolaySchneideretal., author = {Hirsch, Florian and Nicolay, Alexander and Schneider, Anna and Błaszkiewicz, Mirosław and Kordowski, Jarosław and Noryskiewicz, Agnieszka M. and Tyszkowski, Sebastian and Raab, Alexandra and Raab, Thomas}, title = {Sp{\"a}tquart{\"a}re Landschaftsentwicklung seit der Pommerschen Phase in Wygonin (Nordpolen)}, series = {Jahrestagung des AK Geomorphologie in Kiel 2014}, booktitle = {Jahrestagung des AK Geomorphologie in Kiel 2014}, editor = {Bork, Hans-Rudolf and Dreibrodt, Stefan and Duttmann, Rainer and Unkel, Ingmar}, publisher = {Christian-Albrechts-Universit{\"a}t}, address = {Kiel}, pages = {S. 66}, language = {de} } @inproceedings{NicolayRaabRaabetal., author = {Nicolay, Alexander and Raab, Alexandra and Raab, Thomas and R{\"o}sler, Horst and B{\"o}nisch, Eberhard}, title = {Holocene landscape reconstruction and land use changes in Lower Lusatia (Southern Brandenburg, East Germany) - pedological and geomorphological approaches}, series = {2010 GSA Annual Meeting in Denver Colorado, USA 2010, 31 October - 3 November}, booktitle = {2010 GSA Annual Meeting in Denver Colorado, USA 2010, 31 October - 3 November}, publisher = {Geological Society of America}, address = {Boulder, Colo.}, pages = {S. 419}, abstract = {Modern lignite mining in southern Brandenburg (East Germany) causes the destruction of entire landscapes. To date, research concentrated on the reclamation of areas affected by mining-related activities, but the significance of prehistoric and historic cultures on land use changes is disregarded. Recently, a joint research project was launched for interdisciplinary long-term palaeoenvironmental research and to study anthropogenic landscape change in southern Brandenburg. The project partners are geoscientists from the Brandenburg University of Technology (BTU) Cottbus and archaeologists from the Brandenburgisches Landesamt f{\"u}r Denkmalpflege und Arch{\"a}ologisches Museum (BLDAM), within the scope of this project pedological and geomorphological investigations are carried out to reconstruct Holocene landscape and land use change in the apron of the opencast pit J{\"a}nschwalde (Lower Lusatia), c. 100 southeast of Berlin and c. 15 km northeast of Cottbus. By law large-scale surveys and excavations have to be carried out in the forefield to document all archaeological findings. In combination with the excellent outcrop situation the archaeological investigation offers ideal conditions to study the soil geomorphology on a landscape scale. Fieldwork includes topographical surveying by differential GPS. Soils and sediments are described along cross-sections (up to 140 m long, up to 2 m deep). Field-portable XRF analyzes (FPXRF) is used for a quick characterization of total element concentrations of the substrates. Standard analytical methods (e.g., soil texture, contents of pedogenic oxides) are carried out in the laboratory. To obtain chronological information, radiocarbon and OSL (optically stimulated luminescence) dating are applied on suitable material. Evidence of different land use and land use change in the study area is abundant. For example, at several cross-sections agricultural soil horizons are covered with up to 150 cm thick eolian sands, proving that deforestation and agricultural use induced eolian soil erosion. In addition, remnants of charcoal piles buried under up to 150 cm thick eolian sands indicate remobilization of Quaternary sands as a consequence of clearing for charcoal production. The ongoing investigations will concentrate on fieldwork. Preliminary results are presented.}, language = {en} }