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In dieser Arbeit sollen anhand des Freiheitsbegriffes die Zwänge der modernen Gesellschaften beschrieben werden. Da der Begriff der Freiheit ein weitläufiges Themenspektrum umfasst, beschränkt sie sich auf die Theorien von Erich Fromm, Amartya Sen und Ulrich Thielemann. In ihren Überlegungen beschäftigt sich die Autorin mit verschiedenen Anknüpfungspunkten zum Freiheitsbegriff, hierbei stehen die Wirkungsweisen menschlichen Handelns im Vordergrund. Insbesondere soll die Freiheit in der modernen Gesellschaft, im Hinblick auf die wirtschaftlichen Bedingungen und den sich daraus ergebenden Sachzwängen beleuchtet werden. Dazu beschreibt die Autorin zu Beginn die Charakteristiken einer modernen Gesellschaft, um ein grundlegendes Verständnis zu schaffen, auf welchen Gesellschaftstyp sich die folgenden Überlegungen beziehen. Nach einer allgemeinen Betrachtung des Freiheitsbegriffs soll die Freiheit in der modernen Gesellschaft behandelt werden, und zwar wie jene Freiheit unter den Bedingungen wirtschaftlicher und politischer Einflüsse zu betrachten ist. Aus diesen Einflüssen ergeben sich Konsequenzen, die sowohl die äußere wie auch die innere Freiheit beeinträchtigen. Welche Positionen die Politik, unter den Bedingungen der freien Marktwirtschaft einnimmt, wird anschließend thematisiert. Im anschließenden Teil der Arbeit beschäftigt sich die Autorin zunächst mit dem Begriff Sachzwang, um nachfolgend die Instanzlosigkeit der Marktwirtschaft zu verdeutlichen. Aus dieser Instanzlosigkeit resultiert eine veränderte Wahrnehmung, welche den Sachzwang als natürliche Gegebenheit erscheinen lässt, doch in Wahrheit stehen Personen beziehungsweise Personenkreise hinter den Sachzwängen, welche es zu identifizieren gilt. Aus all den Verknüpfungen ergibt sich dann die allgemeine Frage nach der Lebensqualität in der Zwangslage und nach den wahrhaftigen Bedürfnissen der Menschen. Die Problemlösungen als Ausblick sollen vor allem den Bogen zur Freiheit zurückspannen, denn nachdem der Begriff der Freiheit zu Beginn viele Fragen aufwirft, scheint abschließend die Freiheit auch diese Fragen beantworten zu wollen. [Eurobuch.com]
The author tells the history of his relationship with Malcolm Pines, and uses it in order to describe the latter’s personality and thinking, as well as to trace the influence that he has had on his thinking and practice. The focus of the discussion is on Malcolm’s understanding of the socio-political context of mental processes, including the creation of psychoanalysis by Freud, and the inner politics of psychoanalytical and group-analytical institutions. Malcolm is described as a revolutionary character, in Fromm’s terms. The article is a celebration of Pines’ life and contributions, as he reaches the age of 85.
Razumijevanje otuđenog čovjeka koji u povijesnom razvoju stječe sve više slobode, ali se u suvremenom društvu sve više osjeća izolirano od prirode i drugih ljudi, povezuje se u djelima Gaje Petrovića, istaknutog praksisovca, s univerzalnim humanističkim opredjeljenjima i dinamičkom psihologijom. Kada svoju pozornost usmjerava na Ericha Fromma i njegovog čovjeka za sebe, traži odgovore na pitanja što je u Frommovu shvaćanju posebno zanimljivo za tadašnju i buduću filozofiju. Zanima ga Frommovo istraživanje korijena bijega od slobode u čovjekovoj prirodi i suvremenom društvu, ali i mogućnosti oslobađanja čovjeka od tereta kojeg je postavio sam sebi. Pojmovi ljudska priroda i alijenacija Gaji Petroviću služe za produbljenje i proširenje filozofskih promišljanja o čovjeku, kako bi ponudio rješenje osnovnih problema egzistencije i društvenih odnosa. Jedna od zajedničkih točki susreta Gaje Petrovića i Ericha Fromma jest i raskorak između čovjekove biti i stvarne, praktične egzistencije. U središtu njihove filozofije je čovjek, njegova priroda i proturječnosti s kojima se suočava kao stvaralačko biće prakse. Zajedničko im je i pitanje treba li i kako ponovno koristiti dosege praktičnog uma i/ili nastaviti tamo gdje se je stalo u filozofskom konceptu otuđenog čovjeka? Hoće li razmatranje alijenacije i dezalijenacije konačno obnoviti misao o Čovjeku koji, nažalost, nije to što jest, a treba biti ono što bi mogao biti?
En este artículo se trabaja con la pulsión de muerte, tan importante en el arte moderno, a través de Las Hurdes, tierra sin pan de Luis Buñuel. Se registran las formas más significativas en que dicha pulsión aparece en el mencionado documental y se tematizan en torno a la dualidad entre biofilia y necrofilia (entendida en sentido general, no sólo sexual) de Erich Fromm. Finalmente paso a una deconstrucción de dicha dualidad, o sea, a mostrar sus limitaciones como polaridad jerárquica.
Mexican psychiatry initiated since pre-Hispanic times. Historically, treatments were a mixture of magic, science and religion. Ancient Nahuas had their own medical concepts with a holistic view of medicine, considering men and cosmos as a whole. The first psychiatric hospital appeared in 1566 and a more modern psychiatric asylum emerged until 1910. International exchanges of theoretical approaches started in the National University with the visit of Pierre Janet. There were other important figures that influenced Mexican psychiatry, such as Erich Fromm, Henri Ey, Jean Garrabé and Yves Thoret. Regarding Mexican psychiatrists, some of the most important contributors to Mexican psychiatry were José Luis Patiño Rojas, Manuel Guevara Oropeza and Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz. This article includes excerpts from >Clinical Psychiatry<, a book by Patiño Rojas where he tries to understand and describe the inner world experienced by patients with schizophrenia; also, the thesis conducted by Guevara Oropeza (>Psychoanalisis<), which is a critical comparison between the theories of Janet and Freud. Finally, we include >The study of consciousness: current status< by Ramón de la Fuente, which leads us through the initial investigations concerning consciousness, its evolution, and the contributions made by psychology, philosophy and neurobiology.
The present study aimed to delineate the psychological structure of materialism and intrinsic and extrinsic value pursuit. Moreover, we compared models based on self-determination theory (SDT), Fromm's marketing character, and Inglehart's theory of social change to account for racial prejudice. In a sample of undergraduate students (n=131) and adults (n=176) it was revealed that the extrinsic value pursuit Financial Success/Materialism could be distinguished from the extrinsic value scales Physical Appeal and Social Recognition, and Community Concern could be distinguished from the intrinsic value pursuit scales Self-acceptance and Affiliation. Moreover, Financial Success/Materialism and Community Concern were consistently and significantly related to prejudice, whereas the other SDT facet scales yielded weaker relationships with prejudice. Structural models based on SDT and Inglehart were not corroborated, but instead the present data supported a mediation model based on Fromm's work in which the effect of Community Concern was mediated by Financial Success/Materialism. Broader implications for SDT are critically assessed.
Drawing upon the thought of Eric Fromm, this paper argues that efforts to understand and counter behaviour that causes difficulties in education should begin in a critical and reflective engagement with both the conditions of human freedom and the character of educational institutions and society as a whole. Fromm’s critique of dominating ideas about good mental health within capitalistic societies is examined in relation to disablement and attention-deficient hyperactivity disorder. A study of a sixth-form college in the south of England elucidates connections between Fromm’s insights into social psychology and disablement as a process of oppression.
Beginning from a critique of neoliberalism, and in particular of its concept of freedom, I develop an alternative notion of freedom as love. In order to escape the current neoliberal hegemony, I argue that we must reconnect with the radical traditions of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. I thus take as my starting point the debate between Herbert Marcuse and Erich Fromm over the nature of freedom that took place in the pages of Dissent in the mid-1950s. Building on their work I construct a theory of freedom as >connective expression<.
La legalità socialista
(1971)
The conception of love in the Erich Fromm´s research tries to explain love from the point of view of his personality and through his work called The Art of Loving. The subject of this bachelor thesis is the Fromm´ s conception of the love compared to psychological and sociobiological explanations. Erich Fromm (1900-1980) received PhD in psychology from the University of Heidelberg in 1922. He worked with the Marx´s social concepts which he linked up with the psychological findings taken from Freud. The acquired knowledge was then applied to Fromm´s research of love. According to Fromm, love has many different images from the mother love, brother love, erotic love, self-love to the love to God. In the following chapters, the same analogical explanations of love are explained but from the sociobiological and psychological point of views. The sociobiology is science that supposes that the man was born to the world because his selfish genes wanted to. The only task the man has in his being is to pass on his genes to the next generation. Thus the categories of love are presented from this point of view. It is totally understandable that many people refuse the idea of just passing on the genes to the next generation as the only goal of their beings. The conception of love from the sociobiological point of view differs a lot from the Fromm´s understanding of love. However, the psychological views are shades into the Fromm´s views as it is influenced by his psychological education. Psychological conception of love describes the love according to the today´s psychologist views. There are three main views of love described in the bachelor thesis. It is not possible to decide if one is better than the other one. Psychology describes love as an emotional relationship which is characterized by the wide emotionality. On the contrary the sociobiology is science that lacks the emotions and its views is influenced by the evolution and biology. Although the impact of psychology is significant in Fromm´s works the sociology can also be identified. Each of the conceptions of love – Fromm´s, sociobiological or psychological prefers its own approach.
The aim of this article was presentation the Fromm’s concept of person, person, who is involved to dichotomy of human subsistence. Person live, sometime it lived according to nature, there was part, however, in course of evolution, mental authorities have spread out at it. Person gaining consciousness, it has broken attachment of junction it with nature same. Fear has appeared and sense of alienation. Person has become free, but same very solitary. In purpose of killing existential solitude, person resorts to rate interpersonal. Correct, according to Fromm’s conception, rate is love, however the most often chosen rate is authoritarism, destruction and mechanical conformism. Dichotomies of person incline for choice among life or death, existence or property. Correct orientation, inherent restless being, is existence and life, other postures are secondary in accordance with they and if they are in balance, it lives according to nature person.